identifier: Peddle, Jessica <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Peddle=3AJessica=3A=3A.html>   (2001) The gendered interaction of chat : a sociolinguistic study of Internet Relay Chat.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Computer-mediated communication (CMC) has been of great interest in recent years due to the unique testing ground it offers to language and gender researchers. This thesis examines the broader issues of CMC on the narrower scale of chat within a sociolinguistic perspective, paying particular attention to gender. Previously observed gender issues found in real life (RL) interactions are reviewed as well as those found in other forms of CMC (e.g., listservs) to determine if they are found in chat, and to what degree. The focus of this investigation is one channel in particular, one that is typical of the social meeting places that abound in Internet Relay Chat (IRC). The examined variables are participation, emoticons, emotext, and actions. In addition to traditional gender theories, newer approaches to the study of gender and language, such as the notion of gender as performance and the concept of the community of practice, are also applied to the findings obtained from the chat medium.


identifier: Masele, Balla F. Y. P. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Masele=3ABalla_F=2E_Y=2E_P=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2001) The linguistic history of Sisuumbwa, Kisukuma and Kinyamweezi in Bantu zone F.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

type: Thesis NonPeerReviewed

format: application/pdf application/pdf

abstract: This research describes the linguistic history of SiSúúmbwà (F23), KÌSùkúmà (F21) and KÌNyàmwéézi (F22) (henceforth SSN). Two areas are investigated, phonology and vocabulary. In phonology, the comparative method is used, focussing on five processes: Bantu Spirantization (BS); seven to five vowel system reduction (7 > 5); Dahl's Law (DL); glottalization; and voiceless nasal formation. Vocabulary is used to examine quantitative and qualitative evidence. Quantitative evidence uses lexicostatistics to determine lexical retention and sub-grouping. The comparative method is employed in analysing shared lexical innovation as a measure of qualitative evidence, and hence genetic relationship. -- In SSN, the varieties investigated are ten: SiSúúmbwà (F23): SìSilòòmbò (F23a), Si Yòòmbé (F23b), and KiLòòŋgò (F23c); KÌSùkúmà (F21): KÌmùnàSùkùmaà(F21a), GÌnàNtùzù) (F21b), JinàKÌÌyâ (F21c); and KÌNyàmwéézi (F22): KÌNyànyèèmbè (F22a), KÌDàkámà (F22b), SiGàlàgàànzà (F22d) and KÌKònòòŋgò (F22e). SSN is part of Guthrie's (1967- 1971) Bantu Zone F. The rest of Zone F languages are also discussed for comparison: KiTòòngwè/ KiBèèndè (FIO), KÌKÌÌmbƱ (F24), ÌCÌWƱƱŋgƱ (F25), KÌnÌLààmbà (F31), KÌRÌmi (F32), KiiRàŋgi (F33) and KèèMbùwè (F34). -- The contact models of language development after Thomason and Kaufman (1988) are used, while the family tree model illustrates the results of lexicostatistics. -- The analysis of the data and historical interpretation of the linguistic patterns suggest that Zone F is a result of linguistic convergence by geographical adjacency. Guthrie (1948:73) asserts that the zones are mainly geographical entities. But using linguistic criteria to group them implies that they are also linguistic and hence genetically valid (Guthrie 1948:23, 1967:46-47). For instance, BS is found in F10 and F23 only; DL in F21 and F22b only, and not in the rest of Zone F, including the core of KÌNyàmwéézi (F22a, F22d, F22e). Glottalization is found mainly in F23. In the rest, especially F21 and F22, borrowing is suggested, by evidence of double reflexes: Proto Bantu *p ➙ /p/ and /h/. Voiceless nasalization is also found in the DL languages only, F21 and F22b. Most of the lexical innovations are not unique to Zone F. They are areal, shared by other zones. Combined with the phonological facts, this suggests the death of linguistic Zone F.


identifier: Kimpinski, Kurt <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Kimpinski=3AKurt=3A=3A.html>   (2001) The effects of neurotrophins on neurite growth in cultured adult sensory neurons.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The compartmented culture method was used to study the regulation of adult sensory neurite growth by neurotrophins. We examined the effects of the neurotrophins nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-3 (NT3), and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on neurite elongation from adult rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Initial proximal neurite growth (within center compartments) did not require neurotrophins. Subsequent elongation into distal compartments resulted from NGF but not NT3 or BDNF treatment. After neurites had extended into distal compartments, treatment with anti-NGF resulted in the cessation of growth with no significant neurite retraction. After axotomy of growing neurites in distal compartments, NGF was necessary to support regrowth. In the same paradigm, both NT3 and BDNF did not result regrowth. The results demonstrated that unlike in vivo nerve regeneration, in vitro regrowth does require NGF. -- Given the above results, the next focus of study was to determine the individual contributions ofthe NGF receptors to the growth response. The requirement of both TrkA and the p75 neurotrophin receptor in neurite growth was examined using several experimental interventions. As expected, inhibition of TrkA activation using K252a totally blocked distal neurite extension into NGF containing compartments. Results showed using BDNF to interfere with NGF binding to p75, found that the addition of BDNF to NGF containing distal compartments reduced distal neurite extension. In contrast MC192 which alters the interaction of NGF with p75, completely inhibited NGF dependent neurite growth. Both compounds were found to partially attenuate NGF induced TrkA phosphorylation. However only MC192 appeared to activate p75 based on immunocytochemical evidence showing nuclear localization of NFk-B. -- These results demonstrate that both TrkA and p75 play a role in neurite growth response to NGF. Furthermore our evidence suggests that any alteration in optimal TrkA-p75 interactions, or direct activation of p75 at the expense of TrkA, results in an inhibition of NGF-dependent neurite growth. -- NGF/TrkA signaling has a number of common pathways in which to elicit various physiological responses. Many of the same pathways are used by other growth factors that also are capable of producing neurite growth in adult sensory neurons. To investigate the influence of other growth factors in addition to NGF, the effects of IGF-1 EGF and FGF on neurite growth from adult rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons were examined. As expected, NGF elicited robust neuritic growth in both the dissociated and compartmented cultures. The growth response to IGF-1 was similar. There was minimal neurite growth in response to EGF or FGF. In addition, IGF-1 (but neither FGF nor EGF), when applied to cell bodies in compartmented cultures, potentiated the distal neurite growth into NGF- containing side compartments. -- In order to determine the contribution of signaling intermediates downstream of receptor activation, we used pharmacological inhibitors and western blotting. The PI 3- kinase inhibitor, LY294002 attenuated neurite growth evoked by NGF, IGF and EGF in dissociated cultures, while the MEK inhibitor PD98059 only diminished growth in IGF treated cultures. Immunoprecipitation and western blotting results demonstrated differential activation of MAPK, PI 3-kinase, PLCyl and SNT by the different factors. Activation of PI 3-kinase and SNT by both NGF and IGF-1 correlated with their effects on neurite growth. These results support the hypothesis that the PI 3-kinase pathway, and the SNT protein play an important role in neurogenesis. -- In conclusion neurite growth of adult DRG neurons is mediated by NGF in vitro and required TrkA activation. In comparison these results indicate that inhibition of NGF binding to p75 partially inhibits growth while activation of the receptor abolishes the response. Further assessment of NGF-TrkA signaling pathways, using other growth factors for comparison (i.e. IGF-1 and EGF) indicate that PI 3-kinase and SNT signaling intermediates are important contributors to the growth process. These experiments are a part of a larger focus on NGF and its role in neurite growth in neurons (adult DRG neurons) that do not require this factor for survival. Furthermore these studies will hopefully contribute to elucidating the processes involved in neurite growth.


identifier: Ladenheim, Melissa <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Ladenheim=3AMelissa=3A=3A.html>   (1993) The making of a collection of carved birds by Andrew Zergenyi, a Hungarian immigrant to the United States : a bio-ethnographic study.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study considers the making of a collection of carved birds by Andrew Zergenyi, a Hungarian immigrant to the United States.  The data was gathered over a period of four years through an examination of the collection and through extended conversations with Zergenyi, members of his family, and various friends. The collection serves as point of entry into the exploration of Zergenyi's life history and worldview, both of which are informed by his engagement with the natural world as a hunter, amateur ornithologist, collector of ornithological specimens, manager of a large agricultural complex, and later as a carver of birds. -- Carving and creating the collection is interpreted in the context of Zergenyi's life experience as a strategy for dealing with personal and cultural crises.   Displaced from home and culture, Zergenyi turned to carving first as diversionary tactic and later, I contend, as a means of fostering integration in a life fragmented by displacement. This study also addresses the manner in which ethnography is conducted and constructed.  While folklorists may be prepared to acknowledge the provisional nature of their interpretations, they arc often less willing to discuss the conditional nature of their research.  Describing the process by which ethnographies are made provides the reader with the context for the ethnography itself, an account that is too often presented as seamless: and uncontested.  As such, this study not only examines Zergenyi as a maker of carvings and collections, it also reflexively considers my role as a collector of ethnographic material and a maker of ethnographic documents.


identifier: MacIsaac, Allan B. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/MacIsaac=3AAllan_B=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1997) The magnetic properties of a model two-dimensional dipolar thin film.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In this thesis the magnetic properties of a model for a two-dimensional, dipolar thin film are determined using Monte Carlo simulations. Three different versions of the model have been considered and the results have been compared to previous theoretical results as well as to recent experiments on ultra-thin magnetic films. -- The first version of the model is a uniaxial model, with dipolar and exchange interactions. The ground states for this model are shown to be stripe phases for all J/g > 0.85, where J is the strength of the exchange interaction and g is the strength of the dipolar interaction. At finite temperature there is a phase transition from these stripe phases at low temperature to an orientationally disordered phase at higher temperatures. This orientational disordered phase appears to map continuously to the paramagnetic phase. The effect of an applied field on the stripe phases is also considered. -- The second version of the model is a planar model. In this model the magnetic moments interact only via the dipole-dipole interaction. The results of Monte Carlo simulations are interpreted within the context of a linearised spin wave calculation. The comparison indicates that the model system orders at a finite temperature in the thermodynamic limit. The nature of the transition from the paramagnetic state to the low temperature ordered state is studied by considering the decay of the two-point correlation function, both above and below the critical temperature. -- The third version of the model is a dipolar Heisenberg model, in which the magnetic moments interact via the dipole-dipole interaction. The moments are also subject to a magnetic surface anisotropy. This model is shown to exhibit a novel reorientation transition. The phase diagram for this model is developed and compared to that obtained for a similar system with a dominant ferromagnetic exchange interaction.


identifier: Jesso, Beulah A. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Jesso=3ABeulah_A=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1997) The effects of parental style on narrative production in preschoolers : an intervention study.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The overall narrative productivity of economically disadvantaged preschoolers was evaluated prior to and following intervention. Participants were twenty preschool children and their mothers, who were randomly assigned to either an intervention or control group. The study consisted of a preliminary test, 12 months of intervention and a posttest. Fourteen children {7 in each group) also participated in a follow-up assessment that occurred a year after the end of intervention. All children's narratives from both the pretest and posttest were analysed for the quantity and length of propositions, unique units of information, decontextualized information, and simple and complex temporal terms. All narratives produced by the parents in both the pretest and posttest were analysed for the number of utterances, open-ended prompts, yes/no and wh-questions, and back-channelling. It was predicted that following training the intervention group would surpass the control group on all aspects of narrative productivity. Children in the intervention group showed no improvement relative to the control group in the posttest, except on a vocabulary measure, however a year later at the time of follow-up assessment intervention children produced more decontextualized descriptions of where and especially when the described events took  place.  Such  decontextualized  language  has  been emphasized as important for literacy acquisition.


identifier: Gallagher, Bronac <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Gallagher=3ABronac=3A=3A.html>   (2000) The elementary conundrum : Can poetry be fun?  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: If poetry could help better prepare future adults in their chosen disciplines, perhaps teachers, administrators, school boards and governments would be more receptive to include poetry as a core component of the curriculum. What other subject in our curriculum boasts of the capacity to challenge the intellect, charge the emotions, tickle the imagination, renew the spirit, stimulate the senses, enrich the body, calm the mind, lure the listener, motivate the reader, entice the writer and empower the speaker? -- Poetry effects change. The young people who stand today before audiences and adjudicators seeking recognition in drama symposiums and public speaking forums are the adults who will stand in the courtrooms, classrooms, lecture halls, churches, boardrooms, parliaments, television and radio studios of tomorrow. They are the voices of passion, emotion, spirit, and conviction. Sadly many teachers decide against teaching poetry in their classrooms because they are afraid to do so. For some no doubt memories of poetry taught during their student days, consisting of antiquated rhyming masterpieces which they were forced to dissect, memorize and recite, has precipitated such a decision. Such a pedagogical decision may result in not only stunting our children's language growth, but also impairing their developments as the creative, passionate individuals of tomorrow's society. -- The major purpose of this project is to establish a rationale for the inclusion of poetry as an integral part of a school language programme.  Factors intrinsic to the enjoyment of poetry during the primary schooling years are examined and the constituent elements of fine poetry for children are identified.   This project has surveyed the related literature to expose teachers to the benefit of engaging on a course of poetic education in the primary years. The underpinnings of teachers' reluctance in entering upon such a course will be reviewed as well as the role of the teacher in presenting such work. To assist in the selection of appropriate poetry the constituent elements of children's poetry are examined, an annotated bibliography of recommended books is created, and an evaluation made as to a proposed course of action. -- Part II of the project consists of the Poetry Companion for teachers. The theme of Back to School was selected because of its easy integration into the curricula for elementary grades and its ability to move, delight, inspire, and instruct. The nature of this theme also lends itself well to the development of cognitive thinking skills and affective personal and social goals. A variety of poetry books and anthologies were selected as useful resources. They are highly recommended for use with children in the elementary grades. The selection of material is flexible and can be utilized at the beginning, middle or end of the school year. It can also be incorporated into the Language Arts curriculum to develop listening skills, encourage oracy, promote reading spontaneity, and enhance creative writing. -- The Poetry Companion includes a wide variety of poetry forms within a selected theme, some instructional strategies for use in the classroom as well as a bibliography of selected reading materials for teachers and an annotated bibliography of recommended children's poetry books.


identifier: Temple, Shelby <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Temple=3AShelby=3A=3A.html>   (2002) The effects of prey density and duration of prey availability on the behaviour, growth and survival of larval Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and fat snook (Centropomus parallelus).  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The main bottleneck to the mass production of juvenile seed stock for the intensive aquacuiture of many marine finfish species is the high mortality associated with the larval stage.  In an attempt to reduce the costs and increase larval survival for two species with aquaculture potential, experiments were performed to investigate ways at reducing the quantity of live food required. -- The first experiment described in this thesis was performed in Brazil with fat snook (Centrompomus parullclus) a species of commercial interest for which little is known about the natural history or culture techniques.  Previous larviculture with this species has been done at prey densities of 30 000 prey litre.  I tested a range from 30 000. to 5000 prey litre, and found no difference in survival and growth at an> of these prey densities. Reducing prey densities to only 5000 prey litre will result in considerable savings in labour and cost for future culture of this species.  The behaviour of the larvae is also described here for the first time. Fat snook larvae were observed to be salutatory foragers, and to employ a sigmoid (s-curve) and lunge prior to capture, until the larvae reach lengths of 3.0 mm. -- The experiments with larval Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) were more in depth since both the optimal prey density and foraging behaviour patterns were already known. The first experiment investigated the possibility of using a 'mismatch’  (low prey density) at one of three stages (endogenous, transition from endogenous to exogenous, and exogenous) in the larval period. It was found that larval survival was maximized when a low prey density (500 prey litre) was offered during the first 5 days post-hatch, and that growth and survival were maximized thereafter by offering a high prey density (4000 prey litre). The behavioural observations in this experiment did not concur with previous reports, which found that orient frequency increases with prey density. Comparisons of the methodologies between this and previous studies found that How rates differed. Flow rates were found to modify the duration of prey availability. A second cod experiment investigated the effect of decreased duration of prey availability (controlled by flow rate) and found that survival and growth decreased with decreasing duration of prey availability. The probable explanation for this decrease was that the larvae had less time to forage. Orient frequency of larvae that had less time to forage (high flow treatments) was 3 times higher immediately after feeding. Hourly behavioural observations demonstrated a sudden spike in orient frequency after feeding for larvae reared at high flow, which explains how larval cod are able to take advantage of prey patches that occur in their spatially and temporally variable environment. -- Results of the cod experiments can be used to suggest a new larviculture protocol, which schedules low prey density during the endogenous feeding stage and then increases to high prey density thereafter.  The results also demonstrate that a relationship between flow rate and duration of prey availability exists and that larval cod are sensitive to the duration of time that is available for foraging.  Future larval husbandry practices should include the recording of a prey clearance curve for each tank at set flows, so that the prey dynamics of each tank can be understood. Consideration should be given to both water quality and prey clearance rates in the assignment of flow rates.


identifier: Dale, Sheilagh <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Dale=3ASheilagh=3A=3A.html>   (2001) The lived experience of bulimia nervosa : a phenomenological study.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Bulimia nervosa is an emotional disorder that impacts the lives of individuals, families, and society as a whole. It is estimated that up to 80% of North American women suffer from sub-clinical eating disorders, with 20% ultimately manifesting full-blown anorexia or bulimia nervosa (Farrell, 1999). -- In this study, a phenomenological method of inquiry was selected to explore the lived experience of bulimia nervosa. Seven females, nineteen years of age and older, each participated in two audiotaped interviews. During the interviews participants were encouraged to speak openly and freely about their experience with bulimia nervosa. Data analysis was conducted in line with van Manen's method of hermeneutic phenomenology. -- From the writing and rewriting of the text, five themes emerged: feelings of inadequacy, struggling for control, concealment, consumed by the illness, and the elusive road to recovery. The interrelationships between the five themes guided the essence of the lived experience of bulimia nervosa: searching for acceptance and a meaningful existence. Study's findings and new insights into the lived experience of bulimia nervosa are discussed, as well as the implications for nursing, health care providers and the health care system. Nursing as well as other health care professionals are challenged to develop effective treatment modalities to help alleviate the suffering of individuals and families.


identifier: Hooper, Patricia <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Hooper=3APatricia=3A=3A.html>   (1993) The Modern Languages Council of the Newfoundland Teachers' Association : its origins and role in the professional development of French teachers.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The Modern Languages Council, a special interest council of the Newfoundland Teachers' Association, was founded in 1966. Since then it has served as the only professional organization for French teachers in Newfoundland and Labrador. -- In light of the increased emphasis on professional development and on French teacher retraining, a study was done to present a history of the Modern Languages Council, its role in professional development and possibilities for its future growth. The aim was to chronicle the nature and extent of the support offered by the council. This was done primarily through a review of all available correspondence, reports, documents and other sources and through a survey of a representative sample of the present French teacher population. -- The study identified three distinct chronological periods for the Council. It showed that even though there has been a recent period of very strong growth some of the first problems of the organization remain. -- A number of factors were analyzed to discover those important in determining MLC membership. Age, university training in French, years teaching French, and school size were found to be statistically significant. -- Teachers were also asked to give information related to the influence of the MLC in their professional lives. While the Council has had a positive impact on those who have been most actively involved, it has failed to significantly influence the majority of French teachers surveyed. However, this information, if taken with the suggestions for improvement given by teachers, can reform the Council and help it fulfill a more substantive role in the lives of French educators. These recommendations for change and several ideas for further research complete the study.


identifier: Sutton, Stephen G. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Sutton=3AStephen_G=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1997) The mystery fish of Bonavista North : a multidisciplinary approach to research and management of a unique recreational salmonid fishery in Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In the Bonavista Bay North area of Newfoundland there is a unique population of salmonids that supports an extensive recreational fishery. In recent years the population has experienced a serious decline resulting in reduced angling quality. This thesis takes a multidisciplinary approach to research that attempts to overcome some of the problems associated with recreational fisheries management in Newfoundland. The multidisciplinary management approach was used to gather data necessary for successful management and conservation of the population by focusing on both the fish population and the anglers who exploit it. Data on the population's ecology and fishery were gathered by interviewing knowledgeable local anglers and by directly sampling the population. Data on the motivations and management preferences of anglers were gathered by conducting a survey of the general angler population. -- The results demonstrate that the fish is an Atlantic salmon with a life history characterized by extensive use of the estuary in the pre-smolt stages followed by smoltification usually at age 3+ or 4+. The saltwater phase of the life-cycle is of short duration, lasting only two to three months, which results in smaller size and younger age at maturity and a higher incidence of repeat migration between freshwater and saltwater than in typical populations of anadromous Atlantic salmon. Results of the general angler survey demonstrate that anglers are motivated to fish for a number of reasons including, but not limited to, being outdoors, enjoying nature, relaxing, escaping everyday pressures, sharing experiences with others, and the sport of fishing. -- Data gathered from anglers suggests that the most important reason for the population's decline is overfishing resulting from regulations that do not adequately protect the population. The data also demonstrate that there is widespread support among anglers for a new management initiative aimed at enhancing the fishery and protecting the population. The results of the study suggest that new regulations aimed at reducing the harvest and matching more closely the angling season and migration habits of the fish would be an acceptable means of protecting the population and improving fishing quality. Based on the data gathered, specific regulations aimed at improving the fishery and protecting the population are recommended.


identifier: Sturge-Jacobs, Marilyn <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Sturge-Jacobs=3AMarilyn=3A=3A.html>   (1997) The experience of living with fibromyalgia for women in Newfoundland : a phenomenological study.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a complex, chronic, painful musculoskeletal syndrome which is characterized by extreme fatigue, disordered sleep, and other associated physical and cognitive problems. Because its etiology is unknown, and because no specific pathophysiological mechanisms have been found to underlie the syndrome, making a diagnosis is very difficult. FM adversely affects the quality of life, and the societal costs based on medical expenses, lost wages, lost tax revenue and compensation expenditures are very significant. -- The purpose of this phenomenological study was to describe, and enhance the understanding of the experience of living with FM. The participants included nine women ranging in age from 30 years to 56 years who had been diagnosed with the condition for more than a year. The data were collected by means of unstructured interviews. Thematic analysis, utilizing van Manen's (1990) methodology, identified eight themes: (1) pain – the constant presence, (2) fatigue - the invisible foe, (3) sleep - the impossible dream, (4) thinking in a fog, (5) dealing with a flare-up, (6) longing for a normal life, (7) the power of naming - seeking a diagnosis, and (8) living within the boundaries. These themes were integral parts of the whole story, and through their interrelationships, the essence confronting an invisible disability77 was captured. -- Those who administer the health care system will experience many challenges as they face the new millennium, and one of these challenges will be how best to cope with the increasing number of persons with a chronic illness. The findings of this qualitative research study about fibromyalgia, a chronic illness, have implications for future nursing practice, education and research, and consequently for the health care system in general.


identifier: Taft, Michael <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Taft=3AMichael=3A=3A.html>   (1977) The lyrics of race record blues, 1920-1942 : a semantic approach to the structural analysis of a formulaic system.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: From 1920 to 1942 the major record companies in the United States began producing records for the Afro-American record-buying public. These records were known as “race records.” Over this twenty-two year period, hundreds of black artists recorded thousands of blues songs. For most of these performers, the recording context was simply one more way of making a living through their artistry, but this context made demands on their talents and upon their creative abilities which were not made in other performance context. Because of the lack of visual contact with an audience, the two-hundred second time limit on the songs, and the pressure by record company officials for ever-new and innovative material, the lyrics of the race record blues became a highly complex and compact form of song in this new performing environment, relying heavily on short, aphoristic pronouncements and concise poetic imagery. -- At the same time, however, race record lyrics were highly formulaic in structure. In this study, the nature of this formulaic structure is described. -- Part One of this study defines the blues according to its text, texture, and content. Special care is taken to explain the many different performance contexts in which the blues was sung, from house parties, juke joints arid picnics, to cabarets, circuses, and stage shows. The recording content is described in detail and the effects of the race record performance upon other types of performances is explored. -- In Part Two of this study, the structure of the blues is described. The basic unit of the structure of the blues is the formula, which is usually a half-line in length, but which can also include an entire blues line. The best way of visualizing the formula is as a generalized, semantic predication in which each part of the predication may generate a number  of different words and phrases in the surface manifestation of the formula. Depending upon one's analytical focus, therefore, different phrases may be seen as either different manifeistatipns of the same formula or as separate formulas. This is because; the generalized predication is a fluid structure with an almost infinite number of manifestations on a continuum of meaning. – One of the paradoxes of blues structure, then, is that the .formula is both a theoretical construction and a concrete reality of blues composition. As one moves one’s focus from blues compositional competence to actual blues performance, the structure of the blues formula becomes more concrete and it acquires definable boundaries.  It is at the level of blues performance, rather than blues competence, that the formula    becomes a truly useful tool in the study of blues structure. In one chapter in Part Two, the recorded repertoire of Garfield Akers is analyzed formulaically, in order to show the usefulness of the concept of the formula in actual blues performance. -- Another paradox of blues structure is that, although it is clearly a formulaic system, it is nevertheless infinitely expandable within this system. The blues singer could be both traditional and innovative at same time in his composition.  This paradox is partly explained by the flexibility of the formula, but innovation is also achieved through the embellishment of blues formulas with a wide variety of extra formulaic elements.  In addition, the ways in which formulas, lines, and stanzas are juxtaposed allows further room for innovation. The blues structure is both rigid and flexible at the same time. -- The findings of this study are based on an extensive analysis of over  two  thousand blues texts by approximately 350 singers.  A computer was used in order to rearrange the lyrics into a concordance format. In this format, the formulaic structure of the visible, and individual formulaic structures could be easily isolated. -- In the appendices, to this study, the twenty most frequently recurring formulas in the corpus are described. All occurrences of two of these twenty formulas are listed in order to show the wide variation and flexibility possible within formulaic structure. The study also includes a complete listing of the corpus used in the analysis as well as a bibliography and discography of references cited


identifier: Hewitt, Keith <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Hewitt=3AKeith=3A=3A.html>   (2000) The opening movements of the Phenomenology of spirit : transcendental argument or phenomenological exposition?  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Charles Taylor in his essay The Opening Arguments of The Phenomenology argues that the first three chapters of Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit are an essay in transcendental argument. This suggests that Hegelian phenomenology is principally concerned with establishing what the transcendental preconditions of human knowledge and action are. In this thesis I will argue that Hegel's work should be seen as an attempt to move beyond an idealism that simply appeals to subjective reason, and thus the opening chapters of the Phenomenology should not be construed as a transcendental argument. -- Hegel is often critical of transcendental method, and of modem epistemology generally, precisely because it views knowledge as primarily a dimension of human self- consciousness. It is Hegel's view that Kantian epistemology, for example, is flawed in that it is a procedure that assumes an original distinction between our consciousness and the world, which once assumed can never be bridged. And while Hegel recognizes that knowledge in some manner involves self-conscious reason, he calls for a reversal of the modem predilection to ground it solely within such a reason. -- Accordingly, in Chapter One I examine Hegel's concept of phenomenology and his criticism of subjective idealism; in Chapter Two, in the light of this criticism, I address Taylor's view of transcendental argument, and his claim that phenomenological argument is similar in structure; and finally, in Chapter Three, the specific issue of whether the opening movement of the Phenomenology of Spirit is transcendental in form is dealt with.


identifier: Vokey, Joanne <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Vokey=3AJoanne=3A=3A.html>   (2001) The evolution of conservation harvesting in Atlantic Canada.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In Atlantic Canada fishing has been an essential provider of food and employment for centuries. The development of engine power and more efficient fishing techniques made it possible to fish in previously inaccessible areas and to improve harvest levels, leading to destructive effects on the marine ecosystem. Overexploitation, bycatch and subsequent discards are the side effects of fishing on the ecosystem. These combined with ghost fishing have all led to depletion of fish stocks and destruction of fish habitat. Recently there have been attempts to reverse this damage to the marine environment and to prevent further destruction. There have been many influences on these attempts to develop environmentally friendly harvesting techniques. Environmental groups, the media, the general public, markets, fish harvesters and governments have all played a role in responsible harvesting developments. Fishing gear modifications have led to improved gear selectivity and a reduction in damage to the seabed. Efforts have been made to retrieve lost fishing gear and to prevent the loss of gear in the future. Regulations have been put in place to ensure that responsible harvesting techniques are used and that mistakes from the fishery of the past are not repeated. Despite the initial costs associated with improving fishing gear, the benefits far outweigh the costs, improving the quality and landed value of catches as well as ensuring a sustainable fishery for future generations.


identifier: Oram, Sandra D. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Oram=3ASandra_D=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1994) The effects of an institute on global education on teachers' knowledge of and attitudes toward global education.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Many teachers seek guidance to help them prepare their pupils to deal with the ever-changing realities of our world.  In response to this need, the Newfoundland Global Education Project, Sharing  the Planet,   developed a six-week global education institute for Newfoundland teachers during the 1992 Summer Session of Memorial University of Newfoundland.  This study attempted to determine the effects of that institute on teachers' knowledge of and attitudes toward global education.  Specifically four questions were posed: 1) Was there a change, during the course, in participants' attitudes toward incorporating objectives that reflect a global perspective into their teaching.  2) Was there a change, during the course, in the opinions of participants with respect to: a) the curricular elements they consider necessary for the effective implementation of global education into the school curriculum; b) their perceived level of competence in those teaching strategies which are recommended for teaching from a global perspective; and c) the institutional factors which they consider to be positive or negative influences in trying to implement a global perspective into the curriculum?  3) Was there a difference between definitions of global education written by participants at the end of the course from those written at the beginning?  4) What components of the course did the participants feel were most worthwhile in helping them gain a clearer understanding of how to teach with a global perspective?  To determine the answers to these questions the study utilized a pretest-posttest control-group design. Major findings of the study were: a) during the course participants developed a more favourable attitude toward incorporating global education objectives into their teaching; b) students felt they had developed competence in a number of teaching strategies recommended for global education; c) while the participants recognized the necessity of global education at all levels of the school curriculum, they were ambivalent as to whether global education should be the responsibility of all school subjects or only the social studies; d) concerns were also expressed by the participants with respect to the negative influence of institutional factors such as availability of instructional and preparation time; and e) the definitions of global education written by the participants became more elaborated and refined by the completion of the course.  Overall, participants indicated the institute was very beneficial in developing their level of understanding of and competence in global education.  They also recommended that a course such as this one should be required of all teachers.


identifier: Williams, Elizabeth <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Williams=3AElizabeth=3A=3A.html>   (2001) The Father, the Son and the Beloved Disciple : revelation and self-identity in the Fourth Gospel.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis explores how the relationship between the Father, the Son, and the Beloved Disciple is presented in the Fourth Gospel and what this implies about how the Johannine community understood itself. The thesis focuses particularly upon the significance of the parallel between the Son as revealer of the Father and the Beloved Disciple as the revealer of the Son. The argument of the thesis is that the fundamental assertion of the Gospel is that salvation consists in communion with the Father who is revealed through the Son. But a secondary motif stresses that the Beloved Disciple reveals the Son, and thus through the Beloved Disciple the Johannine community can claim a secure grasp of the revelation of the Father. This is not an exclusive claim, however, and the community still sees itself as part of the larger Christian koinania. albeit a very distinctive part.


identifier: Murrin, David <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Murrin=3ADavid=3A=3A.html>   (2002) The evaluation of a waterjet system using computational fluid dynamics validated by wind tunnel tests.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Traditional methods of marine propulsion have been limited to screw-type propeller arrangements but in recent years efforts to improve vessel speed have led to the development of practical waterjet systems. As waterjet technology continues to grow, methods of testing and evaluating waterjet propulsion systems have emerged. -- Conventional methods of testing propeller driven craft have been applied to waterjets and these have included self-propulsion tests using tow carriages or waterjet system tests in water tunnels. Implementation of these tests has been problematic due to the small size of models, the speed required during model testing of high speed craft at equivalent speed, and the difficulty in obtaining detailed flow information through the jet. This study investigates the applicability of larger scale testing of a waterjet system using a wind tunnel. -- In addition to physical testing, computer simulations have emerged as a valid method for evaluating the behaviour of fluids and performance of equipment. Physical experimentation forms an integral part of any CFD simulation as the accuracy of simulation results is obtained through validation against experimental data. Once validated, however, the numerical code is capable of providing engineering quantities such as force, velocity and pressure, at a level of detail not possible through physical experimentation. -- The focus of this research was to study the applicability of CFD analysis to waterjettesting and to evaluate the propulsion performance of a waterjet unit using CFD simulation validated by experimental results. A full-scale waterjet was tested at the Memorial University of Newfoundland wind tunnel, and numerical analysis was achieved with CFX 5.6® CFD software. Once validated, the CFD simulation was used to predict the propulsion performance of the waterjet unit using the momentum flux method. This thesis presents a comparison of the CFD predictions and the wind tunnel tests.


identifier: Manuel, Heather J. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Manuel=3AHeather_J=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1996) The effect of heat-moisture treatment on the structure and physicochemical properties of legume starches.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Native Green Arrow pea, Eston lentil, Othello pinto bean, black bean and Express field pea starches were heat treated at 100°C for 16h at a moisture content of 30%. The heat treatment did not change granule size or shape. The surfaces of Green Arrow pea and Eston lentil starches were modified after heat treatment. Heat treatment decreased amylose leaching (Green Arrow pea>Express field~Eston Ientil>black bean~pinto bean) and the swelling factor (Eston lentil~Express field pea>Green Arrow pea>black bean~pinto bean). The X-ray diffraction intensities increased in Green Arrow pea starch, but decreased in the other starches (Express field pea>black bean>pinto bean>Eston lentil). However, the X-ray pattern of all starches remained unchanged after heat treatment. Differential scanning calorimetry of the heat treated samples showed broadening of the gelatinization temperature range and a shifting of the endothermal transition towards a higher temperature (Eston lentil~Express field pea>black bean~pinto bean). However, the gelatinization enthalpy (ΔH) of all starches remained unchanged. The susceptibility towards hydrolysis by porcine pancreatic α-amylase increased on heat treatment (black bean>Eston Ientil>Express field pea>pinto bean>Green Arrow pea). The action of α-amylase on the starches decreased ΔH in Eston lentil and Express field pea starches. However, ΔH decreased only marginally in pinto bean and black bean starches. Acid hydrolysis (2.2N HCl) increased on heat treatment (black bean>Express field pea~Eston lentil~pinto bean>Green Arrow pea). The results showed that bonding forces within the amorphous regions of the granule, crystallite orientation and the granule surface (in Green Arrow pea and Eston lentil) are altered during heat treatment. The magnitude of these changes being dependent upon the starch source.


identifier: Edwards, Paul G. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Edwards=3APaul_G=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2000) The roles and responsibilities of an effective school principal ; an internship report.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Today in education, we find ourselves amid much change and diversity.  It is a time of not only unrest in the education system but a time when positive changes can take place.  Ongoing educational reform initiatives place more responsibility for decision making on individual schools. Thus, expectations for schools have changed and so has the role of the principal. This internship report focuses on effective leadership, especially educational leadership, as it reflects the roles and responsibilities of a school administrator in our changing and demanding system of education. -- The role of the principal is indeed multidimensional. There appears to be a consensus that the roles and responsibilities of a school principal are as multifaceted and complex as the school organization is itself. The responsibilities seem ever evolving and never absolute. -- An abundance of current literature from the last two decades exists to describe the various tasks and daily functions of the principal. This report focuses on what Sybouts and Wendel (1994) contend to be the critical functions and tasks of school administrators:  (i) instruction and curriculum development; (ii) pupil personnel services; (iii) staff personnel services; (iv) community-school leadership; and (v) organization, structure, coordination and management of school finances. -- Critical reflections in the form of a descriptive narrative of daily experiences observed by the intern are included. These reflections serve to indicate that many functions characteristic of an effective leader were evident in this particular internship setting.  It is through these reflections that the intern has developed a deeper and more thorough understanding and appreciation for the many roles a principal must assume in order to meet the needs of the many stakeholders in our education system.


identifier: Bonnell, Perry <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Bonnell=3APerry=3A=3A.html>   (1999) The role of the school counsellor as consultant.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This paper addresses the challenging role of the School Counsellor in the involved school environment. Given the myriad issues students, parents, and teachers deal with on a daily basis coupled with the strain that the lack of resources has created for dealing with the issues. School Counsellors must take advantage of means and ways of effectively delivering their services. The author is of die opinion that consultation does provide a solution to the problems that a lack of resources produces. Included with this report is a literature review on the topic of the counsellor as consultant along with a description of the activities that comprised the internship at a rural elementary and junior high school in Newfoundland and Labrador. -- The literature review focuses on the definition of consultation, why consultation is important, models of consultation, the process, consultative interventions, ethical issues on the topic, and parent education. As an integral part of the author's internship activity at the school but,  as well, as a means to satisfy the research component requirement of the internship, the author co-led a parent education group with his field supervisor. Research was conducted on the relationship between parental participation in a parent education group and the self-concept of the children of parents who were members of the group.


identifier: Xiao, Caibin <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Xiao=3ACaibin=3A=3A.html>   (1997) Thermodynamics of aqueous electrolytes and hydrogen-bonded non-electrolytes over a wide range of temperature and pressure : the aqueous trivalent lanthanide cations and the methanol-water system.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Partial molar heat capacities and volumes of aqueous solutions are required to calculate the temperature- and pressure-dependence of chemical equilibrium constants over the wide range of conditions encountered in industrial and geochemical processes. Values for the standard partial molar heat capacities Cᴼp,₂ and volumes Vᴼ₂ of aqueous electrolytes also provide much information about the nature of the ionic solvation because both functions are sensitive to the hydrated structure of ions in solution. This research addresses two major topics. The objective of the first part of the program is to explore the solvation of M³⁺(aq) ions by determining the apparent molar volumes and heat capacities of several trivalent lanthanide ions over a wide range of temperature and pressure, and interpreting the results by semi-empirical hydration models. The second objective is to examine the behaviour of partial molar volumes in the methanol-water system, as an example of a hydrogen bonded non-electrolyte, over a range of temperature and pressure that approaches the critical locus of the mixture. -- Apparent molar heat capacities Cpφ and volumes Vφ were derived from specific heat capacities and densities measured in a Sodev Picker flow microcalorimeter and vibrating-tube densimeter at pressure 0.1 MPa. For high-temperature volumetric measurements, a stainless-steel cell vibrating tube densimeter and a platinum cell vibrating-tube densimeter were constructed in the course of this research. These densimeters allowed measurement of the densities of solutions relative to the reference fluid, water, at temperatures up to 600 K and pressures up to 30.0 MPa with an overall uncertainty less than 0.2 kg·m³. -- Data for Cpφ and Vφ for LaC1₃(aq), La(C1O₄)₃(aq), and Gd(C1O₄)₃(aq) from 283.2 K to 338.2 K; Nd(C1O₄)₃(aq), Eu(C1O₄)₃(aq), Er(C1O₄)₃(aq), and Yb(C1O₄)₃(aq) from 283.2 K to 328.2 K; and HCF₃SO₃(aq) and NaCF₃SO₃(aq) from 283.2 K to 328.2 K, were analysed by means of the Pitzer equations to derive Cᴼp,₂, Vᴼ₂, and expressions for the excess properties. The revised Helgeson-Kirkham-Flowers (HKF) model has been used to represent the temperature dependence of these standard partial molar properties within the experimental uncertainty. Plots of Cᴼp,₂ and Vᴼ₂, at T = 298.15 K against the ionic radius of the six lanthanide cations clearly display the discontinuous behaviour known as the "gadolinium break". It was found that the ionic-radius dependence of Vᴼ₂ is consistent with changes in the primary hydration number, while the effect of temperature on the behaviour of Cᴼp,₂ across the series suggests that secondary sphere hydration has a major effect on C° 2. -- Densities of NaCF₃SO₃(aq) and Gd(CF₃SO₃)₃(aq) were measured with the platinum-cell vibrating tube densimeter at temperatures from 323 K to 600 K and at pressures up to 20 MPa. Apparent molar volumes for NaCF₃SO₃(aq) and Gd(CF₃SO₃)₃(aq) calculated from the measured densities were represented by the Pitzer ion-interaction treatment. The temperature and pressure dependence of Vᴼ₂ and the second viriai coefficients in the Pitzer equation were expressed by empirical expressions in which the compressibility of water was used as an independent variable. These treatments led to values of Vᴼ₂(NaCF₃SO₃, aq) from 283 K to 573 K and Vᴼ₂Gd(CF₃SO₃)₃, aq) from 278 K to 473 K as functions of temperature and pressure, which are the first reported in the literature. The conventional values of Vᴼ₂(Gd³⁺, aq) calculated from these data and Vᴼ₂(Na⁺, aq) from the literature are in excellent agreement with extrapolations of low-temperature values of Vᴼ₂(Gd(C1O₄)₃, aq) based on the HKF approach. It was found that the effect of pressure on Vᴼ₂ for Gd(CF₃SO₃)₃(aq) was more pronounced than that for common 1:1 and 2:1 aqueous electrolytes at temperatures near 298 K, and that this behaviour could be explained by the larger primary hydration shell for trivalent lanthanide cations. -- Densities of {xCH₃OH + (1 - x)H₂O} relative to water were measured in the vibrating tube densimeter at the temperatures T = (323, 373, 423, 473, 523, and 573 K) and at pressures of 7.0 MPa and 13.5 MPa. Excess molar volumes VᴱM for {xCH₃OH + (1 - x) H₂O} were calculated from the experimental densities for the mixtures, using accurate equations of state for water and methanol. The data were treated with an extended corresponding-states model based on the properties of pure water. An empirical function was used to fit small differences between the compression factors of {xCH₃OH + (1 - x) H₂O} and the compression factor of H₂O at the same reduced temperature and the same reduced pressure. The corresponding-states treatment reproduces the measured densities to within the experimental uncertainty of 0.0004 g-cm⁻³ at all of the temperatures and pressures studied, except at T = 573 K and p = 13.5 MPa. The densities, excess molar volumes, partial molar volumes, isothermal compressions, and cubic expansion coefficients from the model are consistent with the limited literature data available. The behaviour of VᴱM at T = 573.6 K, and p = 13.7 MPa indicates either a very narrow region of (vapour + liquid) phase separation, or near-critical behaviour at x = 0.44 with the critical pressure pc ≤ 13.5 MPa.


identifier: Howlett, Jill <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Howlett=3AJill=3A=3A.html>   (1994) The self-understanding of the Johannine community : the world of the Fourth Gospel in the Prologue and John 17.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The question this thesis seeks to answer is: How did the Johannine community view its κόσμος, (world) and how, in turn, was this view shaped by the self- understanding of the community? It is argued (hat the answer to this question can he uncovered through a socio-literary analysis of the use of κόσμος. in the Fourth Gospel. Such an analysis shows that whole thematic complexes -- for example, the Prologue and John 17 — bear directly on the question of how the community undeiitands itself and its κόσμος. Morevoer, an examination of how the narrative is developed in the Fourth Gospel indicates that it mirrors a social reality: the community has moved from a position of inclusion in the Hellenistic Jewish world to one of exclusion and alienation.


identifier: Xie, Wei <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Xie=3AWei=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Thermodynamic and structural studies of aqueous chelating agents and their metal complexes at various temperatures and pressures : diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) and tartaric acid.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Chelating agents are used in many industrial applications including cleaning conventional boilers, decontaminating nuclear power systems and treating oil wells to remove scales and certain clay minerals. Standard partial molar heat capacities Cp° and volumes V° are important in this context because they define the temperature- and pressure-dependence of the stability constants, respectively. They are also of considerable interest in the development of semi-empirical models and simulations of ionic solvation, because both are sensitive indicators of hydration effects. In this research, we have studied the thermodynamic and structural properties of (i) aqueous diethylenetriamine- pentaacetic acid (DTPA) and its metal complexes, and (ii) aqueous tartaric acid and its sodium salts, to examine the effects of temperature and pressure. -- The apparent molar heat capacities and volumes of aqueous DTPA species, Na₃H₂DTPA (aq) and Na₅DTPA (aq), and metal complexes, Na₃CuDTPA (aq), NaCu₂DTPA (aq), Na₃NiDTPA (aq), Na₂FeDTPA (aq) and NaFeHDTPA (aq) were determined over a range of temperatures between 283 to 328 K by a Sodev Picker flow micro-calorimeter and vibrating-tube densimeter at a pressure of 0.1 MPa. The experimental results were analyzed by means of the Guggenheim form of the extended Debye-Huckel equation to obtain Cp°, V° and expressions for the excess properties. The revised Helgeson-Kirkham-FIowers (HKF) model has been used to represent the temperature-dependence of these standard partial molar properties within the experimental uncertainty. It was found that, while the values of Cp° and V° of DTPA species and metal complexes are charge dependent, the metal complexes show regular behavior despite the complexity in their structures and charge distribution. Widely applicable predictive methods to estimate the "non-Born" contributions to the partial molar heat capacities and volumes of the complexes of metal ions (MZ⁺) with the chelating agents, EDTA⁴⁻ (aq), and DTPA⁵⁻ (aq) over a wide range of temperature were developed using the Cu²- complex as a model system. The results may also be applicable to nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) complexes. -- The apparent molar heat capacity of L-tartaric acid (H₂Tar, aq) and its sodium salts, NaHTar (aq) and Na₂Tar (aq), at temperatures from 283 to 328 K, and the apparent molar volume of H₂Tar(aq) and sodium tartrate (Na₂Tar, aq) at temperatures 283 to 530 K, and pressures up to lOMPa were determined. The behavior of V2° (Na₂Tar, aq) over the whole temperature range is typical of most electrolytes. Unusual behavior observed for V° (H₂Tar, aq) at temperatures above 473 K reflects the attractive interactions between tartaric acid molecules and water because of the strong hydrogen-bonding. Various semi- empirical solvation models were used to extrapolate standard partial molar properties of tartaric acid and sodium tartrate to elevated temperatures.


identifier: Cowan, Teresa <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Cowan=3ATeresa=3A=3A.html>   (1997) The TCRBJ and TCRBV repertoire in naive and memory human T-cells.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Previous studies suggested that human memory and naive T-cells can be distinguished based on the differential expression of two CD45 isoforms. It was believed that CD45RA is expressed only on naive cells and that CD45RO is expressed only on memory cells. The separation of cell subsets based on the differential expression of CD45 isoforms was fundamental to the experimental design used to test the hypotheses presented in this thesis. -- The first hypothesis was that the memory T-cell TCRBJ and TCRBV repertoires are significantly different from those of naive T-cells within the same individual. Using a quantitative RT-PCR technique, it was found that the TCRBJ, and to a lesser extent, TCRBV repertoires of CD45RA$\sp+$ (naive) and CD45RO$\sp+$ (memory) T-cells differ. -- The second hypothesis was that genetics and, more precisely, HLA affect the TCRBJ repertoire of CD4$\sp+$CD45RO$\sp-$ (naive) T-cells. By comparing the naive T-cell TCRBJ repertoires of identical twins and unrelated individuals and by employing a novel method of statistical analysis, statistical evidence was found for a genetic effect on the TCRBJ repertoire of CD4$\sp+$CD45RO$\sp-$ (naive) T-cells. Similarly, family studies provided statistical evidence for an HLA effect on the CD4$\sp+$CD45RO$\sp-$ (naive) T-cell TCRBJ repertoire in comparisons of HLA identical and HLA non-identical siblings. -- Statistical evidence was obtained in support of the third hypothesis which was that twin pairs discordant for multiple sclerosis (MS) have less similar CD4$\sp+$CD45RO$\sp-$ (naive) T-cell TCRBJ repertoires than do healthy twin pairs. -- It appears some CD45RO$\sp+$ (memory) T-cells may revert to the expression of the CD45RA (naive) isoform and retain their immunological memory. These results, however, do not affect the interpretation of results for the first hypothesis, and results obtained for HLA identical vs. HLA non-identical siblings suggest that the effect of "revertant" cells was minimal.


identifier: Winger, Paul D. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Winger=3APaul_D=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1998) Swimming endurance of American plaice (Hippoglossoides platessoides) and Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) : implications for catchability by otter trawls.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Identifying and measuring the factors that affect the catchability of otter trawl fishing gear has been the subject of much research in recent years. Variation in catching efficiency is known to be associated with changes in the vulnerability offish to trawl capture. In particular, the swimming capability offish in response to an approaching trawl plays an important role in detennining the likelihood of successful capture. In order to quantify the efficiency of the capture process, knowledge of the swimming endurance of marine groundfish species is necessary. The purpose of this study was to investigate factors affecting the swimming endurance of American plaice (Hippoglossoides platessoides) and Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) under laboratory conditions. The effects offish length, water temperature and swimming speed were examined using a swimming flume. The data were analyzed using failure time (survival) analysis, a more robust statistical technique for endurance-type data when censored observations require consideration. -- Swimming trials for plaice were conducted across a range offish lengths (14 to 44 cm) and water temperatures (-0.2 to 9.7 C) at a swimming speed of 0.30 m/s. The probability of plaice achieving a given endurance was found to significantly improve with increasing fish length and water temperature. The findings indicate that the herding of plaice by otter trawl sweeps may be size- and temperature-dependent. At low temperatures, small plaice are expected to have a lower probability of sufficient endurance required to reach the path of an approaching trawl, thereby experience a greater likelihood of escaping capture. -- Swimming trials for cod were conducted across a range offish lengths (41 to 86 cm), water temperatures (0.0 to 9.8 C) and swimming speeds (0.60 to 1.30 m/s). Swimming speed was the only factor found to significantly affect the endurance of cod. The probability of achieving a given endurance was found to decrease rapidly with increasing swimming speed. The findings indicate that even small changes in the speed of a trawl through the water could dramatically affect the rate of exhaustion, i.e. turn-over rate, of cod swimming in the mouth of a trawl.


identifier: Butler, Alison L. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Butler=3AAlison_L=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2000) The revival of the occult philosophy : cabalistic magic and the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: It is essential that we include the history of the western magical tradition in any study of intellectual history. The belief in and practice of magic is part of an interpretation of existence with a long history. That humanity continues to turn to magic for answers about the universe, human beings, and their interaction with the world demonstrates that it is not a mode of thinking which can be dated to a certain time period. The history of the western magical tradition defied the existence of a world process of rationalisation. This thesis will show how the tradition did so in the Renaissance and continued to do so in a revival of that same magical system in nineteenth-century England. Specifically, in this study we will focus on the establishment and development of cabalistic magic and how it provided the ideal system in which many currents of esotericism could be assimilated. We will show how this synthesis began in the Renaissance by scholars such as Pico della Mirandola, Johannes Reuchlin and Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim, and we will show how the process was concluded by Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers, a co-founder of a nineteenth-century English magical society, The Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. Along the way we will discuss the contributions of various scholars and occultists and demonstrate their roles in either maintaining and, or expanding the system of cabalistic magic. -- This dissertation builds upon the work of Dame Frances Yates and her study of cabalistic magic in her book, The Occult Philosophy in the Elizabethan Age. The conclusion reached in this thesis is that the revival of cabalistic magic in nineteenth-century England was not merely a restatement of the theories and ritual formulated by the Renaissance magi but was also a restatement of their intellectual processes. The members of the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn took the magical material passed down through the ages and applied the same process of synthesis, thus expanding the magical tradition and fulfilling the potential of the cabalistic magical system. This revival and expansion of the western magical tradition in an era of scientific advancement and secularisation is but one example of the eternal relevance of magic to intellectual history as a valid and popular interpretation of the world in which we exist.


identifier: Paradis, Anne R. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Paradis=3AAnne_R=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Theoretical work on the size-selective vulnerability to predation during the early life history stages of fishes.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Scientists believed that if we understood the factors governing the high mortality rates during the larval period of fishes, we could predict recruitment levels in coming years. This thesis concentrated in the investigation of size-selective predation mortality of fish larvae. First, I investigated the general patterns of size-selective predation from experimental studies and evaluated the empirical evidence support for the theoretical models. I found that fish larvae measuring 10% the size of predators were most susceptible to predation. This pattern was constant across a variety of experimental conditions and for four different types of predators. -- Second, I investigated how encounter and susceptibility to predation generate size-selective mortality of fish larvae and how it was affected by the abundance and size of the predators. I found that encounter and susceptibility were counter-acting functions. The detection of size-selective removal of individuals and thus the balance between these two models was closely related to the cohort's overall mortality. I also found that the predator characteristics were important in determining the characteristics of survivors. -- Third, I investigated how individual larval characteristics may influence their survival and how survivors differed under different selection pressures. I demonstrated that the effect of the larval characteristics in determining the number, length and growth rate of survivors depended on the characteristics of the predator population. This implied that growing faster or being larger does not translate into a universal survival advantage. -- Finally, I assessed how the predictions of the individual-based model compared with changes in the length frequency distributions observed in natural populations. I demonstrated that adding predation to the model make better predictions of the changes in the length frequency distribution observed in Conception Bay for some larval fish species. I also demonstrated that this result was highly sensitive to the accuracy of the estimates of growth rates. -- This thesis is an important contribution to the theoretical framework of early life history of fishes. It posed serious questions about the effectiveness of current sampling protocols, the use of the statistical analytical tools, and most importantly the approach in the investigation of size-selective mortality offish larvae.


identifier: Wakeham, Barbara B. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Wakeham=3ABarbara_B=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1973) The sociological aspects of the leisure patterns of university students : an exploratory study.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The primary purpose of this exploratory study was  to determine the salient factors associated with and contributing to the  formation of  leisure patterns of University  students.    The prime objectives of this study were:  (1) to find out how students themselves define  leisure, (2)  how aware they  are of  leisure facilities, goods, services and activities, (3)  how much time  they  have  or give for it, (4) kinds of activities they engage in that indicate type or types of leisure patterns  they  have,  (5) what factors,  including background,  experience,  attitudes,   personality,   environment,   social interaction, and types of social participation might account  for or predispose them toward a particular leisure pattern. -- Since (1) and (2)  constitute  subjective or  social psychological factors,  (3) an objective fact of a situation in a community,  (4) an objective observation, and (5) social status factors, personal attributes and  subjective issues,  a  method of research is implied which must provide some resultant,  complex model which  accounts for a vast amount of data  in appropriate proportions. It was decided, therefore,  that the study must take  statistical form at a descriptive level and  that  the practical objective must be to determine the  patterns and relationships that these variables indicate. -- A questionnaire was sent out to  students chosen on a proportional stratified random basis from information obtained from the Registrar's office.  The information from the questionnaire was coded and recorded on computer cards. Ten leisure patterns were developed. Students were assigned to a particular leisure pattern based on predominance and frequency of certain leisure activities. A comparative analysis by percentage distribution of the factors or variables used in the study was done in terms of each of the patterns with respect to the percentage distribution of any variables in the whole sample population.  The study dealt with 290 students or 4% of the total student population on campus of Memorial University in 1971 which was 7,629 students. This sample population was a good representation of the university students in general. -- Results from the study showed that students define leisure in different terms. Students define leisure not as a whole but as one or more of its dimensions, which were operationalized for the study.  The most frequent definition of leisure was “free, time , while others considered leisure as recreation or relaxation. Some of the students defined leisure in terms of  freedom of choice and expression. Others defined leisure as enjoyment or satisfaction. The majority of the students defined leisure in terms of two or three of these dimensions. For example, Leisure is free time in which to relax or enjoy myself or do the things I want to do. -- The  ten leisure patterns which emerged from the study were labelled on the basis of particular orientation each of the patterns exhibited toward  leisure.    These patterns were as follows:  -- Pattern  1, Indirect Social Contact Pattern -- Pattern  2, Social Reality Pattern -- Pattern  3,  Cultural Approach Pattern  -- Pattern  4,   Intellectual Projective Pattern -- Pattern 5,  Recreation-Oriented Pattern -- Pattern  6, Social Physical Pattern -- Pattern  7, Diversity Pattern -- Pattern  8, Pragmatic Pattern -- Pattern  9, Practical Social Pattern -- Pattern  10, Latent-Physical Pattern -- Seven areas of investigation were included in the study which were: (1) social background information, (2) general background information, (3) overt factors which might inhibit or enhance participation in leisure (4)attitudes  of the youth culture, (5) social group factors, (6) personality factor', and (7) attitudes towards people, situations, or environment. Each of the variables in these areas were found to be differentially related to one or more of the patterns. Hypotheses were then developed from these differential relationships of patterns and variables. -- A study of theoretical frameworks for leisure in sociological literature revealed many disagreements and inconsistencies.  The results of this investigation led to a reformulation of  the concept of leisure on empirical grounds.  A model of leisure was then developed to represent, an overview of  the results of the study as well as the area of leisure itself.


identifier: Reardon, Phyllis E. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Reardon=3APhyllis_E=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1999) The school to work transition of the early school leaver.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of this study was to clarify the role of the self system in the work transition process of early school leavers, specifically, the role of the possible self in the degree of gainfulness in relation to work. The work transition process is best conceptualized as a gradual life-long process. It includes interactions, events and decisions that influence individuals as they attempt to realize their personal goals in the development of a satisfying lifestyle. Possible selves are a component in the work transition process. They are future views of self that have yet to be realized, for example, aspirations, goals or fears. Possible selves are the link between self-concept and motivation. The more elaborated and defined the possible self, the more likely is it that this possible self will be realized, thus leading to gainfulness and influencing the work transition process. -- The sample used in this study consisted of a total of 2109 early school leavers. These respondents were a part of the Youth Transition into the Labour Market (YTLM) study which began in 1989 in Newfoundland and Labrador with follow-up in 1990. The possible self was defined in terms of plans and outlooks at the time of school leaving, and was contrasted to the actual activities of the leavers about one year later. -- This research revealed that the possible selves of the respondents at school leaving were significantly related to the degree of gainfulness of the early school leavers at a later time. A possible self related to a defined intention appeared to contribute to a greater degree of gainful engagement. Gender and geography were shown to also influence the work transition process in leading to gainful engagement.  Urban early school leavers, both male and female, tended to be more gainful then their rural counterparts. No significant difference existed between males and females in the level of gainfulness, however, males tended to be more gainful in the area of work, while females tended to be more gainfully engaged in school and training. Reasons for leaving, as reported by the early leavers, were found to be related to degree of gainfulness. Individuals leaving for economic and academic reasons were more gainful then those reporting leaving for behavior reasons. -- Recommendations rising from the research included programming in the K-12 system with a focus on the development of the possible self. This programming would include comprehensive career education programs designed to meet the needs of urban and rural youth, virtual cooperative education work placements, and mandatory work experience to address the gap that exists in communities.


identifier: Holloway, Dean <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Holloway=3ADean=3A=3A.html>   (2002) The student experience of learning advanced placement calculus AB in a Web-based environment.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The primary purpose of this study was to identify impediments to learning calculus concepts in a web-based, Advanced Placement (AP) Calculus AB course and to make recommendations for the improvement of learning in that environment. The subjects of the study were 15, level III students from 3 high schools in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada who enrolled in Mathematics 4225, a provincially approved, first calculus course which prepared students to write The College Board AP Calculus AB examination for university credit. In this study, students and an instructor in 4 geographically distant sites in 1 school district were linked via a digital Intranet to create a virtual classroom where instruction occurred synchronously, using Microsoft NetMeeting and Meeting Point computer software, and asynchronously, through a website developed specifically for Mathematics 4225 using WebCT and Microsoft Front Page 98. Students were surveyed to determine their experience of learning calculus in a web-based environment and to identify features of the course that needed to be added, modified or removed. The course textbook was analyzed to determine the appropriateness of the epistemological messages conveyed to students. Calculus AB College Board examinations were also compared in terms of the changes in structure and difficulty level enabled by the recent authorized use of graphing calculators. On the basis of the gathered data and the text and examination analyses,     recommendations are made for the improvement of learning.


identifier: Swinamer, Alan <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Swinamer=3AAlan=3A=3A.html>   (1997) The synthesis of an electron deficient diene and progress towards the first total synthesis of jatrorrhizine.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The methodology for the synthesis of a new electron deficient 1,3-diene 44 was developed utilizing readily available starting materials. Generation of the diene was accomplished by introducing $\alpha,\beta$-unsaturation to an ester group via a sulfoxide elimination reaction. The diene itself polymerized readily, thus it was not isolated but was generated in situ in the presence of dienophiles with which the diene could react. The Diels-Alder properties of the diene have not as yet been studied but preliminary work on appropriate conditions for its generation was accomplished. This work suggested that the generation of the diene can be accomplished under sufficiently mild conditions that Diels-Alder reactions of the diene may occur before polymerization. Related work on similar electron deficient 1.3-dienes which are not generated in situ indicated that Diels-Alder reactions were occurring between these types of dienes and a variety of dienophiles, including electron rich, electron neutral and electron deficient dienes. -- A new approach to the first total synthesis of the protoberberine alkaloid, jatrorrhizine 154, was investigated using readily available starting materials. This convergent synthesis featured a Suzuki-type-biaryl cross-coupling reaction between a triflate 308 and a boronic acid 342 which proceeded in good yield. The present synthesis is the first known case of the synthesis of a protoberberine alkaloid using the biaryl cross-coupling methodology. The synthesis was accomplished on a small scale only as the isoquinolinol 318 was available in limited quantities. This synthesic route can be readily applied to the synthesis of other members of the protoberberine family of alkaloids, many of which have shown potential medicinal uses.


identifier: McGrath, Robert Robin <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/McGrath=3ARobert_Robin=3A=3A.html>   (1999) The removal of corporal punishment from the school system : something lost or something gained?  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The second half of the twentieth century witnessed a change in society that no longer accepted physical punishment of children at the hands of adults, whether the adult be the parent of the child or any other person acting in loco parentis. This change resulted in corporal punishment being removed from schools in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador as legislated by law. A similar law currently exists in each of the provinces and territories in the country of Canada. -- Research on the effects of corporal punishment has suggested that it has a negative impact on the growth of children mentally, emotionally, and socially. It is believed that this form of punishment did little to deter children from future acts of misbehaviour, nor did it meet the need of teaching more appropriate actions under similar circumstances. This physical action of corporal punishment is now considered to be an act of physical abuse. -- The aim of this study was to investigate the attitudes and perceptions of school administrators regarding behaviour patterns of children since the removal of corporal punishment from the school system, and to get a better understanding of their attitudes and perceptions towards the alternatives to corporal punishment. The study was qualitative in design and used the open-ended interview technique. In total, there were fifteen school administrators interviewed. -- The administrators interviewed in this study generally agreed that there has been a rise in the frequencies of inappropriate behaviours since the removal of corporal punishment from the school system. There were several reasons that were suggested to explain this rise in occurrences of inappropriate behaviours, but few of those interviewed felt it was as a result of the absence of corporal punishment. Some of the reasons suggested for the rise included an increase in the number of single parent families, change in family structure, and change in society expectations. -- The alternatives to corporal punishment were believed to be satisfactorily effective in the schools of several of the administrators interviewed, while several others felt they were not satisfactory. Despite the fact that there were several administrators who felt that the alternatives to corporal punishment were effective, all of those interviewed suggested that there needs to be a greater emphasis in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador to provide school-based personnel with more effective methods and resources of dealing with children who continuously misbehave in the classroom. This need stems from the belief that many children no longer respect, nor fear, the disciplinary actions that can be handed out by neither their parents, teachers, nor the law. -- It is because of this weakness in the current methods of discipline that exist in Newfoundland schools that administrators fear for the safety of students and teachers if the trend towards an increase in inappropriate behaviours continues to persist. What is needed, they suggest, are more innovative disciplinary measures that can only be brought about as the result of greater financial and human commitment. The time for that commitment, they feel, is now.


identifier: Clearwater, Susan Jane <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Clearwater=3ASusan_Jane=3A=3A.html>   (1996) The reproductive physiology of yellowtail flounder, Pleuronectes ferrugineus, with an emphasis on sperm physiology.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Male and female yellowtail flounder Pleuronectes ferrugineus were individually identified, monitored and maintained in captivity for two reproductive seasons during which time both sexes produced viable gametes. Female spawners had elevated plasma levels of 17β-estradiol (E₂) in November indicating vitellogenesis had commenced; plasma E₂ continued to increase until the beginning of the spawning season in June. Plasma testosterone (T) increased just prior to the spawning season, peaked after plasma E₂ and decreased by the end of the spawning season in August. -- Despite the year-round presence of milt with motile sperm, male yellowtail flounder showed a distinct seasonal change in plasma 11-ketotestosterone (11KT). 11KT peaked at the beginning of the spawning season when milt volumes were highest but decreased while milt volumes were still elevated. Plasma T showed a less distinct seasonal cycle than 11KT and peaked later in the season. -- Compared to control treated fish, gonadotropin releasing hormone-analogue (GnRHa) treatment delivered either by microspheres or cholesterol pellets successfully increased sperm production and milt volume in mature male yellowtail flounder during the spawning season. Sperm production remained high for 4 weeks after implantation of GnRHa and then decreased in all treatments (including the controls), indicating milt volume increased due to an initial increase in sperm production and remained high due to milt hydration. Plasma levels of T, 11KT and 17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one showed no clear pattern of response to GnRHa treatment. GnRHa treatment did not have a negative effect on sperm fertilizing ability, percentage hatch or larval appearance. Sperm motility and seminal plasma pH was increased by GnRHa treatment. -- Several aspects of yellowtail flounder sperm physiology were examined. Sperm were activated in buffer with an osmolality greater than 367 mOsm (pH 8.2-8.8) and diluted seawater with an osmolality greater than 387 mOsm (pH 7.6-8.2). Percentage sperm activated and swim times increased as osmolality increased up to approximately 800 mOsm. Changing seawater pH between 4.8 and 9.0 had minimal effect on sperm motility and no optimal pH was observed. Spectrophotometry was developed as a method to rapidly measure the sperm concentration of yellowtail flounder milt (1.26 × 10¹⁰ ± 0.10 × 10¹⁰ cells ml⁻¹ ). Cool storage (4°C) of milt diluted 10 fold in buffer with or without antibiotic successfully maintained sperm fertility and motility for seven days and had no adverse affect on egg hatching rates or larval appearance. Rapid dilution of urine contaminated milt in buffer, mitigates the negative effects of urine contamination on sperm motility and fertility.


identifier: Elmadani, Hasan <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Elmadani=3AHasan=3A=3A.html>   (1998) The violent secession and the velvet divorce - Croatian and Slovak secessions in perspective.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The thesis examines the Croatian secession from Yugoslavia in 1991 and the Slovak secession from Czechoslovakia in 1993. There are two objectives of this examination. First, the thesis seeks to determine why the respective secessions occurred. Second, the thesis attempts to discern why the Croatian secession was violent and why the Slovak secession was peaceful. In reaching the answers to the objectives, the thesis utilizes an explanatory approach rasher than a normative one. John Wood's theoretical framework on secessions is utilized to organize the analysis presented in this study. It is argued that the basis for the secessions of Croatia and Slovakia rests with the collapse of political institutions. The collapse of necessary political institutions in Yugoslavia in the former case and in Czechoslovakia in the latter case precipitated the secessions of Croatia and Slovakia. The Croatian secession was in large part the result of the dissolution of the Yugoslav Communist Parry, the re-pluralization of politics, and the re-birth of ethnically defined political entities bound by ethnically defined political agendas and ideals. The Slovakian secession can hardly be called a secession. It should be characterized as a dissolution of a bi-national state after a brief revisitation with democracy. The Slovakian secession was a product of a flawed federal constitution borrowed from communist ancestors, a disinterested populace and political elite, and the existence of a zero-sum game perception that was common in this bi-polar state. On the issue of violence, the thesis examines Robert Young's work on peaceful secessions. In this regard, the most salient issue in the Croatian case regarding the explosion of violence is the existence of a significant national minority within existing Croatian territory coupled with an equally threatening external presence of a nationalizing Serbia. The absence of a complex web of inter-ethnic relationships in the former Czechoslovakia created a suitable atmosphere for a peaceful dissolution.


identifier: Power-Ryan, Deidre <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Power-Ryan=3ADeidre=3A=3A.html>   (2002) The role of the principal as instructional leader.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis has no abstract


identifier: Barrett, Irene A. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Barrett=3AIrene_A=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2007) Navigating Mothering Through The System : Attending To Mother-Frontline Worker Interactions.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This research explored how mothers, who are recipients of the institutionalized social support system, felt their understandings and experiences of mothering were shaped by their interactions with system frontline workers. Using hermeneutical and critical interpretive epistemologies grounded in Feminist methodology, this research explored the negative influence mother-blaming beliefs had on mother/worker interactions. Specifically, this research found that mothers' experiences of their interactions with frontline workers were fraught with experiences of oppression and disrespect. Examples shared by the mothers, such as surveillance and living in a fish bowl; unsolicited support; trust and obey; and using personal and institutional power to disempower were all themes giving voice to mothers' experiences of mother-blame. The power differentials in worker/mother interactions were explored in this research as were the mothers' struggles between compliance and resistance to these complex dynamics. The role of frontline workers' personal values, their position as workers of the system, and the larger societal contexts within which mother/workers interactions reside were each examined. Recommendations for personal, institutional, and societal change based on the mothers' critiques of their interactions with frontline workers conclude this work.


identifier: Baranowski, Roman <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Baranowski=3ARoman=3A=3A.html>   (1997) The properties of polymer/solvent systems at surfaces and interfaces.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In this thesis, a comprehensive study of the structure and physical properties of polymer layers, carried out using numerical self-consistent field theory, is presented. Diblock copolymer with one of the blocks adsorbed at the surface and the second block dangling into solution, and forming the polymer brush is considered. For many properties, the results are compared with experimental data, therefore realistic: values of the statistical segment lengths, interaction parameters, densities of pure materials and molecular weights are used throughout the calculations. In other cases, model calculations are performed and the results are compared with the analytical predictions. The properties of the uncompressed polymer brush are examined first. The thickness, the free energy and density profile, and the dependence of these properties on surface density, molecular weight and solvent quality are examined. The density profile is discussed in terms of its general shape, maximum polymer concentration and its location, and the depletion and tail regions. -- Next, the compression of polymer brushes in good and G solvents is considered. For each case, the density profile, root mean squared thickness and free energy of the compressed brush, as functions of the molecular weight and surface coverage, are calculated and presented in the form of power law dependences. Three modes of compression are considered: by a second brush adsorbed on a second surface, by a bare, repulsive surface and by a surface which is neutral for adsorption.   The interpenetration of opposing layers is quantified and the results are compared with recent numerical studies. -- Finally, surface pressure effects in the adsorbed layers are examined. First, a homopolymer/poor solvent system with an attractive surface interaction is considered. The surface pressure as a function of coverage is circulated. Then the copolymer/solvent system is considered in which the anchoring block is the same as the homopolymer and the solvent is good for the dangling block. Both blocks are incorporated within the self-consistent formalism. The excess surface pressure for this system is calculated and compared with recent experimental work in which rapid increases were observed.


identifier: Keough, Willeen G. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Keough=3AWilleen_G=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2001) The slender thread : Irish women on the southern Avalon, 1750-1860.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Women's vital participation in early community formation in Newfoundland has long been overlooked by the traditional historiography Recent writings on migration and early settlement have been more inclusive, but women's lives still appear secondary and peripheral in texts dealing primarily with the activities of men To broaden the scope of the discussion, this thesis examines the multi-generational group of Irish-Newfoundland women who were co-founders of fishing communities along the southern Avalon peninsula in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. -- Irish women came out to Newfoundland to take advantage of opportunities in the fishing economy, following well-established trade routes between the southeastern counties of their homeland and the island.  On the southern Avalon. they and their daughters provided demographic continuities and stability in fishing populations that rose and ebbed with the movements of transient fishermen.   In both family and community, they held considerable status and authority   They not only performed vital reproductive work for their households, but also became essential shore workers in family work units in the fishery, and were visible in various other capacities in the economic life of the area. These women were primary household managers. They were important spiritual guides in both orthodox Catholic practice and in an ancient. non-Christian system of beliefs and practices. They participated occasionally in communal actions and more frequently in individual interventions to defend property, family, reputation, and community standards. They also readily employed the evolving court system in pursuit of justice, often manoeuvring between formal legal mechanisms and informal confrontation to assert their claims. Thus, the construction of Irish-Newfoundland womanhood that evolved in this new-world setting contrasted strongly with the middle-class feminine ideals of domesticity, fragility, and dependence that increasingly circumscribed the lives of English gentry women in the area. -- Irish-Newfoundland women also resisted the pressures of gender ideology more successfully than their non-emigrating sisters. As the homeland underwent massive demographic and economic transitions throughout the 19th century, rural Irish women were increasingly channelled away from productive work and into domesticity and economic dependence.  By contrast. Irish women on the southern Avalon remained economically active, and their status and power in the social, economic, and political lives of their communities remained intact.