title: Understorey plant regeneration after wildfire in the boreal borest of Northwestern Ontario / by Alexander J.A. Zeller.

subject: Understory plants - Effect of fires on

subject: Forest regeneration - Effect of fires on

subject: Understory plants - Effect of wildfires on

subject: Northwestern Ontario

abstract:
The ecological patterns and processes of the boreal forest of northwestern Ontario are dominated by large-scale disturbances such as wildfire. These disturbances have the potential to control or affect the composition of the regenerating understorey vascular plant communities. This thesis examines vegetation regeneration in 'Picea mariana' (black spruce) dominant forests following a wildfire in the boreal forest of northwestern Ontario. The influence of burn intensity and pre-fire spruce composition on understorey species regeneration was examined, and modeled environmental gradients were created using a Geographic Information System (GIS) and remotely sensed imagery. Understorey species composition was sampled using randomly distributed total composition plot clusters within different spruce/burn intensity classes.  The influence of bum intensity and pre-fire spruce composition on the regenerating vascular plant community was examined using a two-way analysis of variance (two-way ANOVA), blocked multiple response
permutation procedure (MRPP), discriminant function analysis (DFA), and indicator species analysis. The species composition of these regenerating plots was also examined using twenty-four common indices that were modeled with a GIS and Landsat TM satellite imagery. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) was used to determine the importance of each environmental gradient. Both burn intensity and pre-fire spruce
composition classes showed significant differences in post-fire species composition. The combined classes of burn intensity and pre-fire spruce composition better explained the variance in understorey composition. The results also indicate that modeled environmental gradients derived from remote sensing and GIS have the potential to become effective tools to predict regenerating species composition after a major fire disturbance.


title: Coded based protection in mesh networks

subject:
Computer networks (Automatic control)
Coding theory
Computer networks (Reliability)

abstract:
Since the Internet revolution of the 1990s; ever increasing levels of connectivity have been
integrated into society. This has ushered in the era of globalization and a new plateau
in prosperity. Credit for this accomplishment can be placed firmly on our communication
networks. However, our incorporation of telecommunications into society has led to a dependency
on it. Our escalating reliance on telecommunications has made society highly susceptible to fault occurrences. Consequently, the field of network survivability is required to maintain reliability in our telecommunications infrastructure. Mesh networks have been touted as the successor to the ring based networks of the past due to their efficiency and scalability. Unfortunately, mesh networks owing to their complexity have not been able to obtain restoration times comparable to its predecessor. This issue has led to a polarization of survivability schemes, where restoration time is pitted against redundancy requirements. In order to mitigate this problem; network coding based survivability algorithms are being proposed. Network coded based protection uses coding theory to linearly combine disjoint connections. This permits restoration times comparable to dedicated mesh schemes while having significantly less redundancy requirements. We propose three schemes of coded survivability known as Source Coded Protection, Multiple Source Coded Protection, and Network Coded Protection. From these three schemes, eight novel heuristic algorithms have been created.


title: Potential factors that influence the silvicultural status of a stand based on its silvicultural background

subject:
Silvicultural effectiveness monitoring
Forest management
Forest regeneration
Forest ecology
Regeneration treatment (forestry)

abstract: The silvicultural effectiveness monitoring program is important in determining the silvicultural status of a stand. Each stand can be classified as being a silvicultural success (SS), regeneration success (RS), or not satisfactorily regenerated (NSR). The status of the stand may be due to the silvicultural history of the block. Data was obtained from the Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry (MNRF) from the silvicultural effectiveness monitoring program within the boreal forest of northeastern Ontario. The objective of this thesis is to observe any trends between the silviculture background of a stand and its silvicultural status. Regeneration methods (plant, seed, natural methods), site preparation (mechanical, chemical or absent), and vegetation management (absent or present) of each block will be analyzed. Data from one forest management unit, the Gorden Cosens Forest, is used for this study. After review of relevant literature, four null hypotheses were developed: that 1) regeneration method, 2) vegetation management, and 3) site preparation do not have a statistically significant effect on the status designation or the average well-spaced free growing (WSFG) stems/ha of a block. The fourth hypothesis is that the year of assessment will not have a significant effect on the designation of a stand (SS, RS, NSR). A three-way ANOVA was conducted to analyze the first three hypotheses and a one-way ANOVA was conducted to test the fourth hypothesis. Results from the three-way ANOVA indicate that regeneration method, vegetation management, and site preparation did not have a statistically significant effect on the status of the stand or average WSFG stems/ha. Results of the one-way ANOVA reveal that year of assessment did have a statistically significant effect on status designation. Lack of data and missing replicates within the dataset can be the reason of the non-significance found in this study. On the other hand, the significant difference between year of assessment can be due to the success of the planting or seed year which can be related to budget constraints or environmental conditions at the time. Inconsistency in assessment method and between surveyors may also play a role in the variation between years. Therefore, a higher detailed analysis of the conditions at the time of regeneration would be beneficial to understand the difference in stand success and/or average WSFG stems/ha between years.


title: Factors influencing traditional and non-traditional cooperative education placements, by gender, for secondary school students

contributor:
Bowd, Alan
Haines, James
Brady, Patrick

subject: Education, Cooperative

subject: Education, Secondary Ontario, Northern

subject: Education, Cooperative Ontario, Northern

abstract:
This study explores the experiences of cooperative education students in
traditional and non-traditional (by gender) cooperative education placements, and
attempts to determine the factors which influenced their placement choice, A survey of
104 cooperative education students from 4 Northern Ontario high schools was
completed. In addition 7 students in non-traditional placements were interviewed about
their experiences. The results showed 93% of students were in cooperative education
placements that were traditional for their gender. Female students were more likely to
participate in non-traditional placements than male students. Most students identified
personal interest as the reason for their placement choice. Both parents and peers were
shown to influence the placement choices of students. This study concluded that
cooperative education teachers need to encourage students who want to participate in
non-traditional careers.


title: Crossing the divide: supporting students and families relocating from remote First Nations communities to urban centres

subject:
First Nations relocation
Transition to urban schools
Education and First Nations
Indigenous education
Indigenous knowledges and curriculum
Family-school-community relationships

abstract:
This research explores the experiences of First Nations students and families when they
relocate from their homes in remote First Nations communities to an urban centre. The research
considers student, family and school experiences during this relocation. The purpose of this
study was to consider the role schools have in supporting families and students when they
relocate from remote First Nations communities to an urban centre. It also explores what makes
this transition “successful”, how that success is defined, what barriers families and students
face, and how schools can be safe spaces for students during times of transition. The study
uses Indigenous approaches to research in combination with more familiar qualitative methods.
Data was collected through open-ended interviews and findings are presented in story form and
participant voices and experiences. Findings provide recommendations for schools on what is
needed to support families and students who relocate from remote First Nations communities to
urban centres.


title: Effect of organizatonal structure on free recall and multiple-choice recognition

subject:
Recollection (Psychology)
Recognition (Psychology)
Short-term memory.


title: Photoluminescence and raman characterization of PLEE and MBE grown semiconductor epilayers

subject:
Raman effect
Photoluminescence
Semiconductors optical properties

abstract:
Photoluminescence and Raman investigations of selected alloy semiconductor
epilayers are reported. Correlations relating optical spectra and a number of
intrinsic and extrinsic properties of the materials studied are found. Of particular
interest, preliminary measurements on a promising new quaternary system
(InGaAlAs/InP) are reported and mixed mode AlAs-like LO Raman scattering
processes in this material are identified for the first time. In addition, evidence for
defect related photoluminescence associated with the energy gap region
in CdTe is also reported.


title: Social modeling of eating and the mirror neuron system: the role of neurophysiological mechanisms in predicting susceptibility to modeling

subject: Social modeling of food effect

subject: Mirror neuron system

subject: External eating

subject: Approach Motivation, External Eating, and Attentional Bias to Food

abstract:
The social modeling of eating effect refers to the consistently demonstrated phenomenon
that individuals tend to match the quantity of their food intake to their eating companion.
The current study aimed to explore the mirror neuron system (MNS) as a causal
mechanism through which this effect may occur. Factors demonstrated to enhance MNS
activity were additionally explored as moderators. The current study thus aimed to
examine whether: (1) external eating moderated social modeling of eating as mediated by
MNS activity, (2) external eating was associated with attentional bias to food, and (3)
attentional bias towards food moderated the indirect modeling effect. Under the guise of
rating empathy, 93 female undergraduates at Lakehead University viewed a female video
confederate “incidentally” consume either a low or high intake of chips while
electroencephalogram (EEG) activity was recorded. Subsequent ad libitum potato chip
consumption was quantified. Neither external eating nor attentional bias towards food
moderated the hypothesized indirect social modeling of eating effect. An exploratory
first- and second-stage dual moderation model, however, revealed that frontal asymmetry
and body mass index (BMI) moderated an indirect effect. Left frontal asymmetry was
associated with greater mu activity and a positive association between model and
participant chip consumption, while right frontal asymmetry was associated with less mu
activity and a negative association. Across all levels of frontal asymmetry, the effect was
only significant among those with a BMI at the 50th percentile or lower. Thus, among
leaner individuals, the MNS mediated social modeling of eating, as moderated by frontal
asymmetry. Left frontal asymmetry enhanced MNS activity and subsequent modeling,
while right frontal asymmetry attenuated MNS activity and led to a reversal of the effect.


title: Frequency response based system identification and controller tuning

subject: Automatic control Mathematical models

subject: System identification Mathematical models

subject: Feedback control systems Mathematical models

abstract: A detailed simulation based analysis of different frequency response and transfer function identification techniques are performed and critically studied. Standard closed loop and open loop recursive least squares system identification techniques are studied along with methods based on Laguerre filter, frequency sampling filter and bandpass filter. Based on this critical study, the bandpass filter approach is shown to have relatively more advantages than disadvantages over the other techniques of system identification. Methods for PID controller tuning using finite and discrete set of frequency response points are developed for SISO systems and extended to MIMO systems. The controller tuning methods are supported with simulations and experiments on a temperature control system and a distillation column. Based on the results obtained, it is concluded that these methods are practical and capable of being used in industrial process control.


title: The effect of metformin on absolute telomere length

contributor:
Law, David
Matheson, Carney

subject: Metformin

subject: Metformin and reduction of oxidative damage

subject: Telomere length

abstract: In this study, the relationship between average absolute telomere length and metformin use was examined. Human blood samples were obtained from 106 participants ranging from 42-100 years old. Samples were split into four cohorts for analysis: non-type 2 diabetics not taking metformin (Cohort 1), type 2 diabetics taking metformin (Cohort 2), type 2 diabetics not taking metformin (Cohort 3), and non-type 2 diabetics taking metformin. DNA from blood samples were extracted and purified using an and average absolute telomere length was measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The average absolute telomere length increased with age for Cohort 2 samples and decreased slightly with age for Cohort 1 samples. This led to the mean average absolute telomere length of Cohort 2 beginning as a lower value than Cohort 1 and then matching and later surpassing the Cohort 1 levels with increased age. This trend was intriguing but showed no statistical significance between the mean average absolute telomere length for Cohort 1 and Cohort 2. Cohort 3, however, had a mean average absolute telomere length which was considerably lower than Cohort 1 and 2. The difference between Cohort 3 and 1 and Cohort 3 and 2 was statistically significant between the ages of 71-80. This lower average absolute telomere length in Cohort 3 when compared to Cohort 2 indicates that metformin use may reduce telomere shortening in older adults. Overall, the findings provide further evidence of metformin’s geroprotective effects, and indicate the need for further, more in depth studies in the future with a larger sample size.


title: A Randomized Comparative Trial of Self-Affirmation and Psychoeducation Interventions for Improving Body Image in Young Women

contributor:
Davis, Ron
Mazmanian, Dwight
Wakewich, Pamela

subject:
Body image
Self-affirmation
Rumination
Body image interventions
Eating disorders

abstract:
Body image concerns are a widespread experience, particularly for young women, and are
associated with a number of undesirable consequences, including eating disorders. Self affirmation
theory provides a framework for understanding poor body image as well as a
potential means for improving the problematic cognitions and emotions associated with such
concerns. The present randomized comparative trial was designed to investigate the utility of a
self-affirmation intervention for improving body image concerns. Lakehead University women
with a desire to improve their body image were randomly assigned to a self-affirmation
intervention (SA; n = 190) where they engaged in self-affirmation exercises designed to teach
them to affirm nonappearance domains of self-worth. The efficacy of SA was compared to a
psychoeducational video intervention (PE; n = 189) that addressed body image and associated
concerns. Results indicated that both interventions were successful at reducing concerns with
weight and shape, eating-related concerns, investment in appearance contingent self-worth, and
impairment associated with these concerns at the end of the 28-day intervention period and at 3-
month follow-up. However, PE was superior at addressing eating-related concerns and
impairment in functioning. Moderation analyses were unsuccessful at predicting intervention
outcome based on participant baseline levels of self-esteem, positive and negative affect,
ruminative thinking, and coping flexibility. Exploratory analyses determined that 14% of the
variance in postintervention and 3-month follow-up weight and shape concerns was attributed to
initial ratings of confidence in the interventions and the number of exercises participants
completed. Results are discussed in terms of their relevance to the self-affirmation and broader
psychotherapy literature, strengths and limitations, as well as implications for future research.


title: Ecology and management of riparian zone vegetation along small coldwater streams in Northwestern Ontario

contributor:
Mallik, Azim
Mackereth, Rob
Rempel, Rob

subject:
Riparian plants Ontario, Northwestern
Riparian ecology Ontario, Northwestern
Riparian vegetation patterns

abstract:
This thesis synthesizes three papers on the ecology of the riparian zone vegetation found
along small coldwater streams in northwestern Ontario. The objectives of this thesis were
1 ) to describe the biodiversity and distribution and abundance o f riparian zone plant
species and vegetation types along the longitudinal and lateral gradients, 2) to evaluate
the current buffer zone guidelines by comparing the riparian plant community between
undisturbed sites and sites with adjacent clearcuts and forest fire, and 3) to examine the
changes in the plant community trait structure found over the riparian-upland ecotone.
1 ) The riparian zones of these streams are diverse, with a large proportion o f the
regional flora, including some locally rare species, represented. The vegetation is
predominantly either an Alnus incana-dominated swamp thicket or a Calamagrostis
canadensis and Carex aquatilis-dominated meadow marsh. Variation along the
longitudinal gradient is weak with few species distributions significantly related to
watershed size. Meadow marsh vegetation, however, is concentrated in watersheds
1000ha in area and smaller, likely due to the preference of beaver for streams of those
sizes for dam construction. The riparian vegetation is remarkably homogenous along
the lateral gradient. There are no distinct vegetation bands within the riparian zone,
though some riparian-specialist species are more abundant near the streambank and
some upland species are more common near the riparian-upland ecotone. The
shoreward extent of the riparian zone, the riparian-upland ecotone, is marked by a
strong shift in species composition at the limit of flooding and saturated soils.
2) Riparian plant community composition was compared between sites that were
undisturbed, sites where clear-cuts were separated from the riparian zone by a buffer
of upland forest, and sites where a forest fire had burned to the riparian zone-upland
ecotone. No significant differences in the overall abundance and distribution of
species in the riparian vegetation were found between the three disturbance classes,
though a small number of species appeared to increase in abundance at burn sites.
These results demonstrate that disturbances in the upland forest do not seriously
impact the riparian zone plant community, likely because the riparian species are
adapted to a high-light environment and flooding disturbance. The environmental
factors that increase in the riparian zone following removal of the adjacent canopy,
including light levels, temperature, and wind penetration, do not appear to have a
significant influence on the riparian zone vegetation. These results suggest that
aspects o f the current riparian management guidelines in northwestern Ontario may
need to be re-evaluated.
3) The changes in importance of a range of reproductive, physiological, and
morphological plant traits were examined over the riparian-upland ecotone. Traits
with especially striking changes over the ecotone included leaf type, pollination and
dispersal vector, clonal growth form, and a persistent seed bank. These trait patterns
were used to generate hypotheses of potential functional explanations for the changes
in plant community structure across the ecotone. These results have significance for
ecotone theory as they demonstrate that plant traits can have very similar patterns of
change across ecotones to those observed for the abundance of many species.
Relationships between traits that represent potential functional relationships or tradeoffs
are identified. Finally, this analysis has some implications for the types of traits
that should be included in further trait-matrix studies.


title: Sibley Group : a lithostratigraphic, geochemical, and paleomagnetic study

subject:
Geology (Lake Superior region)
Sibley Basin
Geology (Ontario, Northwestern)
Lithofacies
Sedimentology

abstract:
The Sibley Group is an unmetamorphosed Mesoproterozoic red bed sequence, commonly flat lying,
that formed in an intracratonic basin between 1450 Ma and 1500 Ma. It covers an area o f 15,000
km^, and reaches a total thickness o f 950 m. Recent drilling projects in the Nipigon Plate have provided a
unique opportunity to study the basin using data obtained from a combination of 25 drill holes and surface
outcrops. This has allowed a re-examination of the lithostratigraphy, as well as providing insight into the
basin architecture. Previously, the Sibley Group consisted of only three formations: the Pass Lake
Formation, the Rossport Formation, and the Kama HiU Formation (Cheadle, 1986a). Two additional
formations have been introduced here; the Outan Island Formation and the Nipigon Bay Formation. The
Pass Lake Formation, interpreted as a fluvial-lacustrine system, is divided into the Loon Lake Member and
the Fork Bay Member (Cheadle, 1986a). The Rossport Formation is separated into the Channel Island
Member, the Middlebrun Bay Member, and the Fire Hill Member (Cheadle, 1986a). These consist of
cyclic dolomite-siltstone layers, stromatolites and red mudstone, which represent a playa lake, sabkha, and
mudflat environments. The Kama Hill Formation is not subdivided, and is composed of purple shales and
siltstones interpreted as subaerial mudflat deposits. The Outan Island Formation has been divided into the
deltaic Lyon Member and the fluvial Hele Member. The Nipigon Bay Formation consists of cross-stratified
sandstone beds, and is thought to denote an aeolian environment.
Geochemistry has been used to examine formation-scale trends in weathering characteristics and
provenance. Samples were collected from drill holes spanning the entire thickness of the Sibley Group,
and the concentrations of various elements were plotted against depth to appraise variations between
Formations.
A paleomagnetic study was also conducted on the Sibley Group. The first part involved
comparing paleopoles from samples of the Pass Lake, Kama Hill, and Nipigon Bay Formations. This
revealed a probable depositional paleopole age between 1450 Ma and 1500 Ma, with remagnetization
events at approximately 1350 Ma and 1100 Ma. The second part involved a study of paleo-secular
variation in the Rossport Formation, which resulted in the documentation of one of the oldest known
examples of paleo-secular variation yet discovered.


title: Documenting First Nations perspectives on water : engaging Fort William First Nation in source water protection using photovoice

contributor:
Stewart, Robert
Dowsley, Martha
Wilson, Brad

subject:
Traditional ecological knowledge
Native peoples
Drinking water
Thunder Bay Region

abstract: This research project was created through a partnership between the Anishnabe of the Gitchi Gami Environmental Programs, the Fort William First Nation Youth Council and Lakehead University. Together 13 members of the Fort William First Nation participated in a photovoice project to document perspectives on source water protection. Many First Nations communities are not involved in the creation of source water protection policy, which can increase the risk to drinking water supply. Through the use of photovoice this research examines community perspectives about water and peoples' connection to it. This exploratory research examined three themes: jurisdictional issues, threats and Traditional Ecological Knowledge. The use of photovoice is a positive way to increase involvement in and discussions about source water protection. This method provides the opportunity for communities to examine source water protection from a science-based perspective, and share their knowledge, experiences and understanding of source water protection from a Traditional Ecological Knowledge perspective.


title: Genecology, patterns of adaptive variation and a comparison of focal point seed zone development methodologies for white spruce (Picea glauca)

contributor:
Parker, William H.
Charrette, Paul
Chen, Han

subject:
Seed source
White spruce
Genecology
Adaptive variation
Focal point seed zones

abstract:
Ecologically based management of white spruce (Picea glauca [Moench] Voss.)
requires an understanding of its patterns of adaptive variation. Six common garden trials
and a greenhouse trial established in 2002 and 2003 across Ontario were used to assess
levels of genetic variation in 127 seed sources from Ontario and western Quebec and
relate this variation to local climate. Using this information focal point seed zones were
developed. The focal point seed zone methodology determines spatially explicit areas of
ecological compatibility for any selected point. This approach will assist in properly
matching seed sources and planting sites based on current and predicted future climate
conditions.
Growth and phonological variables, including height, root collar diameter,
survival, budflush timing, and budset timing were measured. Intraclass correlation
coefficients were calculated for all traits to determine levels of genetic variation. Levels
of between-provenance genetic variation ranged from 0 percent for several of the
budflush variables, up to 22 percent of the total amount of variation expressed for 2003
survival at the Englehart field trial. Overall, growth variables showed higher levels of
between-provenance variation than phonological variables. Simple linear regressions
were used to relate these differences to local climate conditions. Variation was explained
by a wide range of temperature and precipitation related variables. Late budset stages,
which had r2 values ranging from 0.55 to 0.46, were explained by temperature and
precipitation variables related to the growing season. Generally, the primary patterns of
adaptive variation followed a southeast to northwest trend across Ontario. A secondary
east-west trend was evident in northwestern Ontario. Northern sources flushed earlier
and set bud earlier, while southern sources demonstrated superior growth. Results
support previous white spruce genecology studies showing superior growth of sources
from the Ottawa Valley region of Ontario and Quebec.
Two statistical approaches were used to develop focal point seed zones. The first
used principal components analysis (PGA) to summarize patterns of variation based on
selected variables. Provenance factor scores were then regressed against climate
variables and the resulting equations used to model the PC axes. The second approach
used canonical correlation analysis (cancorr) to simultaneously find the relationship
within and between biological and climate data sets. Standardized climate coefficients from each significant canonical variate were used to model patterns of adaptation. For
both methods parallel seed zones were constructed using GIS tools to intersect grids
standardized to sample points selected from across the study area. Results showed
overall similar trends for the two methods, however, cancorr based zones showed
stronger longitudinal trends for northern points and became more fragmented for
southern points. Cancorr zones were also more affected by lake shore effect from Lake
Superior and Georgian Bay than regression based zones.


title: The management plan and forest inventory of a private woodlot in Southern Ontario

subject:
Silviculture
Single tree selection
Emerald ash borer
Beech bark disease
Gypsy moth
Mixed wood forest

abstract:
In Southern Ontario, private landowners hold the majority of forested land
because of privatization. These property owners face degraded forests because of past
logging practices. Other challenges faced by these owners are the threat of invasive
species. Management plans offer the advantage of using proper silvicultural treatments
to restore forest’s productivity biodiversity. The purpose of this study is to develop a
management plan for a private woodlot which was degraded by past logging events.
The goal of the plan is to improve the productivity of the forest through silviculture
treatments. Through the collection of data during the timber cruise an accurate forest
composition will be documented. With this inventory and composition, a management
plan will be developed in order to improve the degraded forests. The results of this work
shows that the woodlot has four different forest types which are at different states of
maturity. The management plan will focus on the elimination of infected trees caused
by invasive species and shade intolerant trees. The targeted goal of the management
plan is to create tolerant and mixed wood forest within the property.


title: Granitoids and rare-element pegmatites of the Georgia Lake area, northwestern Ontario

subject:
Granite Ontario Georgia Lake Region
Pegmatites Ontario Georgia Lake Region
Geology Ontario Georgia Lake Region

abstract:
The Georgia Lake pegmatite field is located in the
Quetico Gneiss Belt of the Superior Province.
Spodumene-bearing and subordinate beryl-bearing pegmatites
of the Georgia Lake area are flanked to the south and east
by an extensive granitoid terrain, which previously has
not been subdivided. Granitoids of the immediate Georgia
Lake area were investigated in conjunction with rare-element
pegmatites to determine the character of the granitoids
as parental intrusions to rare-element pegmatites. The
granitoids include two-mica leucogranites occurring as
a large plutonic mass south of the pegmatite field and
as smaller satellitic intrusions, the Kilgour Lake Group
granitoids centered on a small gabbroic-metagabbroic unit near Kilgour Lake and tonalitic sills dispersed throughout
the pegmatite field. The distinction of the three types
of granitoids was made on the basis of field observations,
petrography and analytical geochemistry. Two-mica
leucogranites and tonalitic sills were derived as partial
melts of politic metasediments and metagreywacke,
respectively. The Kilgour Lake Group granitoids were
presumed to be the products of fractional crystallization
of a mafic melt generated in the upper mantle or lower
crust.
Mineralogical studies were carried out on perthitic
microcline, tantalite-columbite and Sn oxide minerals from rare-element pegmatites. Results indicate that perthitic
microcline in all pegmatites is of the maximum microcline
structural state, tantalite-columbite minerals occur in
a partly to completely disordered structural state and
the dominant Sn oxide mineral is staringite.  Division of spodumene-bearing rare-element pegmatites
into Southern, Central and Northern Groups was made on
the basis of internal textural variations, mineralogy and
differences in geochemistry of perthitic microcline and
muscovite. The Southern Group consists of one pegmatite
which is unique to the Georgia Lake pegmatite field with
respect to development of mineralogical zones and strong
internal fractionation of Rb and Cs. Central Group
pegmatites are linked by a fractionation trend, with respect
to Rb and Cs, across the group. A similar fractionation
trend is not observed across the Northern Group pegmatites.
The pegmatite groupings reflect different modes of source
fluid derivation, although all pegmatites of the Georgia Lake area originated as the result of a common anatectic
event responsible for the intrusion of two-mica
leucogranites. Central and Southern Group pegmatites were
derived from low viscosity fluids differentiated from
granitic melts, while Northern Group pegmatites are presumed
to be the products of fluids generated by direct anatexis
of metasediments.


title: Aboriginal Consultation for the Ontario Mining Act Modernization Process: Varying Perceptive on Whether the Consultation Process Works

contributor:
Dowsley, Martha
Hamilton, Scott
Stewart, Robert

subject:
Aboriginal consultation process
Ontario mining act modernization

abstract:
Internationally, there is a trend for marginalized people to not be involved in natural resource management decision making that directly or indirectly affects them. This is the case for a majority of indigenous people around the world. Despite good intentions and efforts to include indigenous people through many different tools, including international declarations, national laws and policies, the resounding reality is that most are not involved in a meaningful manner (Baker and McLelland 2003 ; Bowie
2008; Sinclair and Diduck 2005; Whiteman and Mamen 2002). Nor do they have the capacity to challenge the status quo. The literature indicates many reasons and benefits to involve the public in decision making, such as strengthening of democracy and benefits of pluralism. Notwithstanding, the literature reveals that failed public involvement is the norm.


title: A Seventh fire spark preparing the seventh generation : what are the education related needs and concerns of students from Rainy River First Nations

contributor:
Stone, Sharon Dale
Carr, Paul
West, Doug
Sinclair, Raven

subject:
Native Peoples
Education
Ontario, Northwestern
Rainy River region
Native students
Ojibwa youth
Seven grandfather teachings

abstract: This study examines factors that impact high school completion for Rainy River First Nations students living on-reserve in the Manitou Rapids community in Ontario. Utilizing traditional community knowledge as a guiding framework and a qualitative inquiry guided by Indigenous research ethics and Anishinaabe protocols, open-ended interviews were conducted with three key informants and six young people who resided on-reserve during schooling years to discuss their educational experiences, needs and concerns. Based on these interviews, this study brings First Nations student voices and experiences to the forefront to show that on-reserve First Nations high school completion is influenced by significant challenges that are related to the trauma and history of colonization in Canada. F orrner students discussed concerns and challenges in the intertwined areas of the school, family, community, and culture . The research reflections reported in this study prompted the development of a framework for a partnership model of educational support which incorporates the Anishinaabe Seven Grandfather Teachings.


title: Life history, habits and phylogenetic relationships of Ithycerus noveboracensis (Forster), (New York weevil) (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea)

subject: New York weevil

abstract:
Larvae of Ithycerus are described for the first time. Ten
instars are identified with the possibility of more to be found.
The pupa remains unknown. Spiracular air tubes and orifices show
allometric growth and this, combined with body and head capsule
measurements, is used to separate instars. Female and male
reproductive systems are described. Females have two ovarioles
per ovary. Adult and larval stages have four cryptonephric
Malphigian tubules in the digestive tract. Adult and larval
nervous systems appear to be primitive in possessing long connectives
between ganglia. The first instar larva of Arrhenodes
minutus (Drury) is described for the first time. The first
illustrations of Antliarrhinus larvae are included.  Ithycerus
noveboracensis (Forster) has a two year life cycle at least and
possibly three. Adults do not overwinter.
Three families of woody plants are associated with Ithycerus,
the Betulaceae, Juglandaceae and Fagaceae, with a preference for
species of Fagaceae. Adults are also occasionally found on
introduced fruit trees (Rosaceae). There is no obvious courtship
in Ithycerus. Oviposit!on takes place in soil; eggs are laid singly
and covered with fecal matter. The larvae feed on the vascular
cambium of the roots of host plants.
Several grooming movements and modes new for Coleoptera
were discovered in Ithycerus and include bilateral fore-mid leg
rub, mid-hindleg rub (third mode), bilateral hindleg rub (third
mode), simultaneous fore-midleg rub (one side), mid-hindleg rub
(other side) and flagellum extend. Female A. minutus rapidly
flutter the tips of their antennae against the tip of the rostrum
to dislodge wood particles trapped there while drilling egg holes.
Evidence is presented for the possibility of evolution of
three forms of Ithycerus in pleistocene refugia. The family
Ithyceridae is maintained on the basis of new characters, primarily
larval. The family is viewed as the most primitive of the four
apionid-like families recognized in this study, the others being
Brenthidae, Antiiarrhinidae status nov. and Apionidae. The family
Antiiarrhinidae is placed near Apionidae. Adult and larval ventral
nervous systems are discussed in light of their possible value as
phylogenetic indicators. An evolutionary sequence is postulated
for the numbers and positions of sensilla on the labra of larvae.


title: Characterizations for the existence of a solution to the moment problem on a number of intervals

subject:
Functional analysis
Moment spaces


title: Removal of pharmaceutically active compounds from water systems using freeze concentration / by Yuanyuan Shao.

contributor:
Gao, Wa
Panu, Umed
Yu, Tong

subject:
Water purification by freezing process
Drugs - Environmental aspects
Drug residue in wastewater

abstract:
In the last few years, there has been a growing concern in the occurrence of pharmaceutically active compounds in the aquatic environment. Just in Europe, more than 3000 prescription and non-prescription drugs are used by human and animals and more than 80 drugs have been detected in municipal wastewater treatment plant effluent, surface water, groundwater, and in a few isolated cases, in drinking water, some at alarmingly high concentrations. Although no known human health effects have been associated with exposure to drinking water containing trace concentrations of drug residues, there is concrete evidence that these drug residues could cause numerous adverse health effects on aquatic life, even at very low concentrations. Municipal wastewater treatment plant effluents have been identified as the major source of drug residues in surface waters. Conventional wastewater treatment systems cannot effectively remove pharmaceutically active compounds. The suitability of distinct wastewater treatment processes for the elimination of drug residues has not been studied. Freezing has been used successfully to treat various wastewaters.  Application of freezing technology to purify water is based on the principle that when water freezes, ice crystals grow of pure water and impurities are rejected from the ice structure and become concentrated in the unfrozen liquid. Without addition of any chemicals, contaminants in a large volume of dilute wastewater can be effectively removed by freeze concentration.
Objectives of this study are: 1) literature review of occurrence of pharmaceutically active compounds, treatment technologies and analytical methods; and 2) experimental study: evaluate the potential of the freeze concentration process for the removal of selected pharmaceutically active compounds, the effect of initial concentration of drug residues, freezing temperature and degree of freezing on the removal efficiency of
pharmaceutically active compounds.
Five drugs aspirin, ibuprofen, gemfibrozil, metoprolol and sulfamethoxazole were selected to investigate the removal efficiency of freeze concentration. Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry and total organic carbon were used to quantify the drug concentrations in water samples. After first freezing cycle, ibuprofen and gemfibrozil were concentrated 2-3 times compared to the feed water and the concentration factors reached 12 after second freezing cycle. The total removal efficiency
of the selected pharmaceutically active compounds was about 80% after one stage freeze concentration. Results indicated that aspirin degraded during the treatment; therefore, the concentration of aspirin was difficult to measure. Analysis of sample total organic carbon concentration indicated that about 84% and 92% removal efficiency was achieved for
ibuprofen and gemfibrozil one stage freeze concentration. Approximately 99% impurity removal efficiency and around 60% volume reduction was observed in refrozen ice obtained from the first freezing.
This research results indicated freeze concentration was effective and not
sensitive to the natural of target pharmaceutically active compounds in the feed water. In addition, the analytical methodology for the determination of drug residues in complex environmental matrices is still evolving and it may takes years before the universally accepted methods are developed. The gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry method used by many researchers requires complex sample preparation, which could influence
the accuracy of the analysis.


title: An ytterbium-doped fiber laser at 1.1 um

subject:
Lasers
Optical fibers
Laser technology
Fiber lasers
Ytterbium-doped fiber laser

abstract:
A pulsed ytterbium-doped fiber laser is proposed and developed. A length of
samarium-doped fiber was inserted into the laser cavity to induce passive Q-switching.
The laser oscillated in the continuous wave, Q-switched mode-locked or Q-switched
regime depending on adjustment of the intracavity polarization controller and the pump
power. Q-switched pulses with a pulse energy of ~7.5 nJ and duration of ~70 ns were
obtained at a pump power of ~1500 mW, corresponding to a peak output power of ~106
mW at an average power of 2 mW. The low output power was attributed to the low
coupling efficiency of pump radiation into the cavity and the high cavity losses. All
results were obtained at room temperature.


title: Meeting mental health needs of older adults with depression : a resource guide for older adults and caregivers

subject:
Aged Mental health
Depression, Mental
Aged Mental health services

abstract:
Depression is the most common emotional disorder of advanced age (Blazer, 1989; Phifer
& Murrell, 1986). Its effects can be devastating for older adults as well as for those who care for
them. Unfortunately, depression in elderly people is often masked by co-existing medical
conditions and/or other stressful life events, making it difficult to detect and treat. In addition,
access to mental health services is often a problem for the elderly (Gatz, 1995). A number of
barriers have combined to create this problem, including (a) social, cultural, economic, and
psychological issues that impact on the use and delivery of services and (b) fragmented and
uncoordinated mental health systems and policies for the aged.
Most older adults are healthy, active, independent, and well-integrated in their families
and communities. Equating an older population with a “service-needy” group reinforces ageist
stereotypes of incompetence and dependency. In fact, studies of the normal aging process have
found that later life presents the possibility of growth as well as decline (Baltes, 1987, 1997).
Many abilities, once thought to undergo significant decline in adult years (such as some
dimensions of memory and intelligence), have been found to be stable or even to improve in
some individuals until the 60s and 70s (Schaie, 1995). Depression and other serious illnesses
affect only a small minority of the older population and are not intrinsic aspects of the aging
process. Nevertheless, as the population ages (particularly with the fast-growing category of
persons aged 85 and over, who are the most frail) and as the traditional source of family support
dwindles due to smaller family size and increased female labour force participation, there will be
a growing need for services by the aged.


title: Ankle bracing's effect on lower extremity biomechanics during athletic performance measures: an exploratory study

contributor:
Sanzo, Paolo
Zerpa, Carlos
Kivi, Derek

subject:
Ankle sprains
Chronic ankle instability
Biomechanics of ankle bracing

abstract:
Introduction: Ankle braces are commonly worn in athletic populations to prevent ankle injuries. Restriction of ankle range of motion (ROM) is considered the main mechanism by which ankle braces prevent ankle injuries. The effects of restricting normal ankle ROM on lower extremity injury, biomechanics, and athletic performance, however, remains unclear. Although the research is conflicting, increases in non-ankle lower extremity injuries when wearing ankle braces has been observed, in addition to changes in lower extremity kinematics, kinetics, vertical jump height, and agility. Decreases in vertical jump height when wearing ankle braces have previously been attributed to restriction of ankle ROM and altered lower extremity kinematics. No studies, however, have considered the effect that ankle braces may have on muscular activation of the lower extremity, specifically proximal musculature of the knee and hip joint, on athletic performance. As such, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of softshell and semi-rigid ankle braces on muscle electromyography (EMG), kinetics, and performance during a vertical jump test and cutting task.
Methods: 42 physically active individuals (23 male, 19 female) were recruited into the study. Participants completed a Vertical Jump Test and cutting task on two separate days under three bilateral conditions: wearing no ankle braces, ASO® EVO® (AE) softshell ankle braces, or Active Ankle T1™ (T1) semi-rigid ankle braces. Vertical jump height, and mean EMG activity of the peroneus longus (PL), lateral gastrocnemius (LG), biceps femoris (BF), rectus femoris (RF), and gluteus medius (GM) muscles was collected during the landing and takeoff phase of the Vertical Jump Test. Similarly, time to compete the cutting task, as well as mean EMG activity of the peroneus longus (PL), lateral gastrocnemius (LG), biceps femoris (BF), rectus femoris (RF), and gluteus medius (GM) muscles was collected during the deceleration and propulsive phase of the cutting task. Ground reaction forces and impulse were also collected during each task and phase. Due to missing data, repeated measures one-way ANOVAs were conducted to compare the independent variable (brace condition) on each dependent variable. The alpha level was set at p < .05 for the performance measures. After a Bonferroni adjustment, the alpha level was set at p < .01, p < .01, and p < .017 for EMG, GRF, and impulse variables, respectively.
Results: There was a significant decrease in vertical jump height when wearing ankle braces, F(2, 80) = 15.796, p < .001, ηp2 = .283. Bonferroni pairwise comparisons analysis revealed a significant decrease in vertical jump height when wearing the AE (2.09 (95% CI, 0.9 to 3.28) cm, p < .001) and T1 (2.12 (95% CI, 1.058 to 3.193) cm, p < .001) ankle braces, compared to no braces. There was a significant decrease in LG mean EMG activity during takeoff when wearing ankle braces, F(2, 68) = 5.597, p < .001, ηp2 = .141. Bonferroni pairwise comparisons analysis revealed a significant decrease in LG mean EMG activity when wearing the T1 ankle braces (-7.34 (95% CI, -13.307 to -1.376) %MVC, p = .012), compared to no braces. There was a significant increase in peak lateral GRF during takeoff, F(1.118, 43.585) = 39.80, p < .001, ηp2= .505. Bonferroni pairwise comparisons analysis revealed a significant increase in peak lateral GRF when wearing the AE (6.64 (95% CI, 4.066 to 9.233) %BW, p < .001) and T1 (6.76 (95% CI, 4.131 to 9.404) %BW, p < .001) ankle braces, compared to no braces.
There was a significant decrease in peak lateral GRF, F(2, 74) = 5.746, p < .001, ηp2 = .134. Bonferroni pairwise comparisons analysis revealed a significant decrease in peak lateral GRF during landing when wearing the T1 ankle braces (-2.59 (95% CI, -4.432 to -0.764) %BW, p < .001), compared to no braces.
There was a significant increase in time to complete the cutting task, F(2, 76) = 17.242, p < .001, partial η2 = 0.312. Bonferroni pairwise comparisons analysis revealed a significant increase in time to complete the cutting task when wearing the AE (0.16 (95% CI, .062 to .265) sec, p < .001) and T1 (0.2(95% CI, .113 to .286) sec, p < .001) ankle braces, compared to no braces.
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, both softshell and semi-rigid ankle braces significantly decreased vertical jump and cutting task performance. Furthermore, ankle braces decreased EMG activity of ankle musculature and altered GRFs during vertical jumping. Further research is needed to determine how changes in EMG activity and kinetics may affect injury, as well as performance during vertical jumping and cutting. Clinicians, athletes, trainers, and any users or prescribers of ankle braces should weigh the pros and cons of prophylactically bracing the ankle, especially from a performance perspective.


title: Engaging multiple representations in grade eight: exploring mathematics teachers' perspectives and instructional practices in Canada and Nigeria

contributor:
Kajander, Ann
Lawson, Alex
Mgombelo, Joyce

subject:
Mathematics proficiency
Grade 8 patterning and algebra
Algebra (teaching and learning)
Mathematics curriculum (Ontario)
Professional learning

abstract:
This study was inspired by and utilises representations, one of the mathematical learning
processes (NCTM, 2000), which is currently acclaimed as one of the reform-based instructional
approaches to teaching and learning algebra. This concurrent mixed methods research project
explored elementary in-service teachers’ goals for, beliefs about and knowledge of
representations, both in Ontario and Lagos. Data were collected through an online survey
completed by 91 middle school in-service teachers concurrently with interviews with ten of
them. Findings from the survey indicated that teachers from the Lagos subsample had weaker
understandings about representations compared with their counterparts from Ontario. In the
interviews, participants described to varying degrees their goals for and use of representations as
opportunities for students to show connections, relationships, and reasoning, supporting students’
confidence in problem-solving, and facilitation and opportunities for questioning and discussion.
This research suggests that teachers generally, but particularly in Lagos, need a deeper
understanding of representations and need to further develop the specialized mathematics content
knowledge related to patterning and algebra. Other findings showed that: planning and
sequencing instruction, use of contextual learning tasks, opportunities for students to generate
their own representations, linking students’ prior knowledge to new situations, and translation
among multiple representations were reported as critical to teachers’ use of representations.
Recommendations are made to create more awareness among teachers, of the value, use and
knowledge about representations. These findings would be relevant to school boards, teacher
educators, researchers, and professional development providers wishing to improve teachers’ use
of representations, via enhanced beliefs, and knowledge.


title: A two-study investigation into the link between rumination and night eating, and symptom improvement following a mindfulness-based intervention

contributor:
Tan, Josephine
Oinonen, Kirsten
Mushquash, Aislin
Vander Wal, Jillon

subject:
Night eating syndrome
Rumination
Depression (night eaters)
Treatment (night eating syndrome)
Eating disorders

abstract:
Night eating syndrome (NES) is characterized by a circadian delay in eating and
nocturnal awakenings with ingestions. Its onset is related to stress and the syndrome is
linked to depressed mood, anxiety, sleep problems, and obesity. Among patients with
clinical depression, night eaters report greater rumination than non-night eaters. The
objective of Part A of this study was to investigate whether a link between rumination
and NES severity exists in a nonclinical sample of students after accounting for severity
of depression symptoms. Several online self-report measures were completed by 713
students (mean age = 20.72 years, SD = 4.76). Night eaters (n = 47) reported higher
levels of perceived stress, rumination, depression symptoms, trait and state anxiety, and
poorer sleep quality than non-night eaters (n = 666). NES severity explained a small but
significant portion of variance in rumination after accounting for depression symptoms.
The objective in Part B was to examine the effectiveness of a novel mindfulness-based
intervention (MBI) for the treatment of NES using a single blind parallel design. Night
eaters (N = 17; mean age = 24.18 years, SD = 6.20) participated in a four-week MBI in
which eight were randomly assigned to the MBI group and nine to the waitlist control
group using a simple 1:1 allocation ratio. Following the intervention, the MBI group
reported a significant decrease in NES severity, rumination, and perceived stress.
However, over the same period of time, the waitlist group also reported decreases in these
variables. Although no statistical significance was found when comparing both groups in
the amount of change they experienced, an examination of effect sizes showed that the
MBI increased night eaters’ mindfulness (large effect size; no change in waitlist),
improved their sleep quality (medium effect size; worse sleep quality in waitlist), and
decreased depression symptom severity (small effect size; larger decrease in MBI group),
which is suggestive of clinically significant improvement. Overall, the MBI was
successful in increasing mindfulness but did not affect rumination. As such, rumination
was not found to explain any benefits following the MBI. It appears that it is largely the
presence of depression symptoms that explains the relationship between NES severity
and rumination, suggesting that night eaters with co-morbid depression may be at
increased risk of psychopathology. Mindfulness, however, may be a promising
intervention for improving depression symptoms among night eaters.


title: Environmental education and the Cheetah Conservation Fund : exploring children's value-based relationships with cheetahs / by Courtney Hughes.

subject:
Cheetah
Environmental education
Namibia

abstract:
For this thesis I collaborated with the Namibian Cheetah Conservation Fund
(CCF) to research how farming children perceive and experience cheetahs. I also explored how CCF’s educational documents might affect the ways children (re)construct their value-based relationships with cheetahs.
The first part of my study used storytelling as a research methodology. Children were asked to create drawn, written, and verbal stories as a way to explain how they perceive, experience, and (re)construct their value-based relationships with cheetahs, following their experiences with CCF’s cheetah run and prior to their experiences with CCF’s formal education program. Children’s stories were grouped into common or similar elements or patterns as meanings emerged through analysis and interpretations.
My analysis found that children (re)construct valuations of cheetahs through their lived experiences with CCF, family, and school instruction. For the second part of my study, my examination of CCF’s educational documents, I referred to Elliot Eisner’s (1979) concept of the three curricula to learn how
CCF portrays human-cheetah relationships in a farming context. I also used this concept to explore how CCF’s portrayal might affect the ways children (re)construct their valuations of cheetahs. My examination revealed that CCF’s documents are value-laden, conveying their opinions on, and valuations for, cheetahs as well as other Namibian animals. I also learned that both explicit statements and implicit messages, conveyed through educational documents, can effect how children (re)construct their value-based relationships with cheetahs, and quite possibly, with the natural world in its completeness.


title: First Nations Parenting and Child Reunification: Identifying Strengths, Barriers, and Community Needs

subject:
Self-governed First Nations agencies
Child welfare services
First Nations communities
First Nations children in Canada
First Nations child welfare

abstract:
First Nations children are overrepresented in the child welfare system in Canada
(Blackstock, 2003). First Nations communities are seeking to improve current service
delivery models and create alternative evidence-based strategies. A First Nations child
welfare organization has identified priority areas related to reunification and parenting,
identify successes and barriers to reunification, and examine service needs. These
priorities were addressed with a community-based, participatory model, and guided by a
community Research Advisory. Results were analyzed using a blend of grounded theory
and thematic analysis techniques. Participants identified the need to place children with
extended family or within home communities to facilitate best child outcomes.
Improving parental and community capacity was recognized to promote positive
reunifications. Successes identified within communities included available supports,
such as those that increased empowerment and community capacity. Identified barriers
within communities were the lack of culturally appropriate parenting services, hesitancy
to obtain available support due to fears of child welfare intervention, and mental health
difficulties of community members. Results of this study will be disseminated to
communities and used to develop a culturally appropriate parenting program.


title: Invasive spiny water flea (Bythotrephes cederströmii) and their impacts on young-of-year walleye (Sander vitreus) growth

contributor:
Rennie, Michael
Dunlop, Erin
Mackereth, Rob

subject:
Invasive species
Bythotrephes cederströmii
Aquatic ecosystem
Walleye growth

abstract:
Invasive species are a major threat to aquatic ecosystems, costing an estimated $3.6
billion in impacts across Ontario. In particular, the predatory cladoceran Bythotrephes
cederströmii (Bythotrephes hereafter) has had significant trophic impacts on invaded
ecosystems, such as decreasing zooplankton density and biomass. Changes to the
zooplankton community can impact ecosystem energy rates and dominant pathways of
transfer to other organisms in a “middle-out” trophic cascade, altering predator-prey
dynamics for both algae and fish. Here, I used relevant zooplankton abundances
characteristic of invaded and non-invaded lakes and a bioenergetics model to evaluate
whether the Bythotrephes-induced changes to native zooplankton is expected to alter
larval walleye consumption (and therefore rates of growth). I then used observational
data to evaluate the impact Bythotrephes has on the zooplanktivorous young-of-year
(YOY) walleye. I used a back-calculation model and linear mixed effect modeling to
evaluate differences in YOY walleye growth between invaded and non-invaded
waterbodies, as well as within invaded waterbodies pre- and post-invasion. In the first
data chapter (chapter 2), a functional response and bioenergetics model revealed larval
walleye grow slower in invaded mesotrophic lakes compared to non-invaded mesotrophic
lakes, and models suggest they are unlikely to survive in invaded oligotrophic lakes based
on available zooplankton. In the second data chapter (chapter 3), I found that relative to
similar sized non-invaded lakes, YOY walleye grow slower in small, invaded lakes,
whereas large lakes show less severe effects. Overall, Bythotrephes has differing impacts
on YOY walleye growth depending on lake characteristics such as lake size and trophic
state. As growth rates are ultimately linked to reproduction, recruitment, and production, understanding growth rates post-invasion is essential for fisheries managers to develop
and anticipate adaptive management strategies.


title: The prediction and intervention of criminal behavior: a comparison of actuarial and case study methods

subject:
Parole
Criminal behavior, Prediction of

abstract: Conceptual differences between actuarial and case study prediction, and past empirical comparisons of predictive powers are reviewed. The major concern is with providing empirical comparisons of accuracy in predicting criminal behavior. Specifically, the criterion to be predicted is parole outcome (i.e., parole violation and subsequent reincarceration or successful termination of parole).


title: Multi-NFP utilization in the fifth generation and beyond systems

contributor:
Ikki, Salama
Choudhary, Salimur
Bedeer, Ebrahim
Sharafeddine, Sanaa
Benlamri, Rachid
Ejaz, Waleed

subject:
Wireless communication
Network Flying Platforms
5G+ cellular technology
Internet of Things (IoT)
Unmanned aerial vehicles

abstract:
Over the past few years, wireless communication needs have experienced continuous growth.
There is now a great demand for more sophisticated infrastructure to cope with the fifth generation and beyond (5G+) systems. 5G+ systems promise to provide better real-time services,
more efficient spectrum utilization, increased energy efficiency, and enhanced coverage. 5G+
systems are expected to adopt several adaptations in their network architecture, construction,
and deployment. The integration of Network Flying Platforms (NFPs) with 5G+ capabilities
will allow much higher connectivity, lower latency, and quicker transfer of high-precision data.
This aggregation of 5G+ networks and NFPs is robust, paving the way to the introduction of
many new capabilities and improvements in wireless applications.
Resource allocation in wireless communication systems is one of the most critical issues when
it comes to utilizing systems efficiently. In 5G+ cellular technology, the main research focus is
on spectral efficiency, network throughput, and communication delays. Furthermore, this focus
will continue to the next generation cellular systems. To support the communication of various
internet of things (IoT) devices, especially unmanned aerial drones and balloons, next-generation
cellular systems (5G+) will play a vital role. However, resource allocation will be a significant
determinant in the effective use of such communications. Increasing network capacity while
minimizing interference will be a significant research challenge. A different level of Quality of
Service (QoS) for individual user levels will also need to be satisfied.
In this thesis, NFPs as aerial hubs are considered in future 5G+ networks to provide fronthaul
connectivity to small cells (SCs)/ user equipment (UE). This thesis has different objectives. The
first objective is to find the near optimal association between the NFPs and SCs to maximize
the total sum rate subject to QoS, bandwidth, and the supported number of links constraints.
The second objective is to study the association problem of SCs with NFPs in order to minimize
the system interference while taking into consideration the number of NFP links, the NFP’s
maximum bandwidth, and the target data rate. The final objective is to deploy multiple UAVs
for serving a group of UEs on the ground to maximize the total uploaded rate among all UEs by
jointly optimizing the UAVs-UEs association, the UEs transmit power, and the UAVs trajectory


title: Explicative study and extensions of the Pearson system of frequency curves.

subject: Frequency curves


Edition with annotations of "Jacob and Esau"


title: Wild rice (Zizania palustris L.) re-establishment through mechanical removal of invasive cattails (Typha angustifolia L.)

contributor:
Lee, Peter
Mallik, Azim
Diochon, Amanda

subject:
Cattail removal
Wild rice re-establishment
Invasive cattails & the environment

abstract:
Re-establishment of wild rice following the removal of the invasive cattail, Typha angustifolia,
was examined in a traditional and culturally important stand of wild rice belonging to the Seine
River First Nation on Rainy Lake, Ontario. The site selected for study had no wild rice
production for over twenty-five years. The objectives of the study were i) to evaluate the
effectiveness of mechanical removal of cattails as a method for restoring wild rice habitat; ii) to
examine the impact of invasive cattails on long-term nutrient dynamics in the wild rice stand:
and iii) to determine if the presence of cattails impacted the germination of wild rice. It was
hypothesized that the removal of the cattails would permit wild rice re-establishment.
An underwater sickle bar attached to an airboat was used to cut and remove cattails in a
treatment area in Rat River Bay in the fall of 2014. This field experiment showed no cattail
regrowth in the spring of 2015. A second result was the germination of wild rice in the cut area
from the seed bank which grew to maturity by the fall of 2015.


title: Investment modelling in red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) plantations

subject:
Red pine
Forest thinning
Tree farms Ontario

abstract:
The objective of this study was to develop a microcomputer-based planning model for guiding individual investors in choosing between alternative forestry investments as well as other nonforestry investments in the Thunder Bay District. This model has a special focus on alternative thinning regimes in red pine plantations for these reflect stand response to changes in stand density. The model was built from stand-level growth, yield, and product models for southern Ontario. The planning model was
constructed as an interactive computer program which allows inputs and thinning treatments to be entered at the terminal. The model inputs involve stand, site, and economic variables; while thinning treatments are mainly age of first thinning, thinning weight, thinning cycle, thinning intensity, thinning frequency, and rotation age. The outputs of the model are in the form of physical and economic returns as well as stand volume development over time. The model allows evaluation of 'what if alternatives
which enable physical and economic returns to be examined under varied market and environmental conditions. A lack of adequate data for model construction restricted this planning model to stands of ages
20 - 45 years, basal area of 10 m[superscript 2]/ha and above, and site indices of 16 to 26 m. The model was tested with data from the Rockland plantation of southern Ontario and the Hogarth plantations of the Thunder
Bay District The tests for the Rockland plantation were based on mean ratios of simulated to observed total volume means and r[superscript 2] values. Such tests were not possible with the Hogarth plantations because
there was not enough data for the tests. Instead, for the Hogarth plantations curves representing three points each for the simulated and observed basal area data were drawn for comparisons. The results with
the Rockland plantation gave a mean ratio of 1.05 and r[superscript 2] value of 0.96. The tests with the Hogarth plantations also showed consistent results. The data used in both tests were very limited for any strong
conclusion. Rigorous tests are necessary to confirm these preliminary results. The model was finally tested for physical and economic information based on alternative thinning treatments. The results of this
test showed that returns from alternative thinning regimes depend on: age of first thinning; thinning weight; thinning cycle; thinning frequency; thinning intensity; and average stand diameter. Further studies on the influences of individual factors on physical and economic returns are suggested.


title: Effects of freezing on UV inactivation of waterbourne microorganisms

subject:
Water
Purification
Ultraviolet treatment
Freezing process
Bacteria
Effect of freezes on
Effect of ultraviolet radiation on

abstract: In northern communities where source water may be frozen for parts of the year or wastewater is treated using freezing technology, the efficiency of UV inactivation may be affected. This research was carried out to investigate the response of Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis and spores of Bacillus subtilis to UV irradiation after freezing and possible photoreactivation after the bacteria were exposed to UV. The inactivation of E. coli (doses 1.5 - 9mJ/cm2), E. faecalis (6 - 25mJ/cm2) and B. subtilis spores (20 - mJ/cm2) by ultraviolet light was investigated using a collimated beam UV apparatus.


title: Lived experience of a traditional female Ojibway elder

contributor:
Fennell, Hope-Arlene
Blaikie, Fiona

subject:
Ojibwa women
Ojibwa Indians
Ojibwa aged

abstract:
This qualitative study examined the lived experience of a traditional female Ojibway Elder
and her perspectives of leadership. An emergent framework of traditional female Ojibway
leadership resulted from the data, and was supported by the review of the related
literature. Implicit components of the emergent framework of traditional female Ojibway
leadership included culture, a belief in the Creator, community, and wisdom. Two
predominant themes emerged from the data. These themes were: culture and wisdom.
Culture was divided into three sub-themes. These sub-themes were: believing in the
Creator, Taryn's teaching in her birth and community. Culture was considered with
attention to spirituality because in traditional Ojibway culture the two complement each
other in their meaning. Wisdom was discussed in terms of the importance of passing on
traditional and spiritual teachings to others in her community and culture. Culture and
spirituality provided the foundation on which the research participant understood her role
in the world and the meaning of her life. Wisdom implied knowledge of individual roles
which focused on the common good of the community. As such role specification was
evident and necessary for forming parts of a whole in her community. In that process
equality among community members emerged as a virtue. The emergent framework of
traditional female Ojibway leadership) is presented as holistic in nature. The framework is
derived from the participant’s world view and illustrates her intense personal integrity.


title: Exploring a Potential Means of Measuring Running Economy above Anaerobic Threshold

contributor:
Newhouse, Ian
Johnson, Vineet
Thompson, David

subject: Running economy & performance

subject: Treadmill running

subject: Physiological factors affecting running economy

subject: Interventions to improve running economy

subject: Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption

subject: Blood lactate

subject: Pulse oximetry

subject: Respiratory exchange ratio

subject: Excess carbon dioxide

abstract: Running economy (RE) is an important predictor of endurance performance. To date, the typical methods of measuring RE involves calculating an athlete’s VO2 (ml-1·kg−1·km−1) at a known speed during a physiological steady-state. Measuring RE for athletes who race at distances above the anaerobic threshold (AT) (800m – 5000m) is problematic because these distances are contested in conditions when physiological steady-states cannot be achieved. The current study explored the use of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) being added to the oxygen consumption during running for estimating RE above the AT and examined the construct validity of this measurement technique. The EPOC was measured for three minutes (fast component) from seven male and seven female varsity cross-country runners after running for three minutes at a pace of 1.0 mile per hour (MPH) above their calculated AT pace. Construct validity was established by noting theoretical associations and computing Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients between blood lactate (BLa), heart rate (HR), ventilation (VE), and excess CO2, and RE. For the male participants, excess CO2 had the highest correlation (r = .629, p < .005), followed by BLa (r = .586, p < .001). In the female participants ventilation had the strongest correlation (r = .836, p < .001) followed by excess CO2 (r = .607, p <.001). These results support the construct validity for our measurement technique. The findings from this study will have implications as a performance assessment tool for researchers, coaches, and athletes.


title: Critical decisions: risk allocation in a model arthropod (Folsomia candida)

contributor:
Morris, Douglas
Hecnar, Stephen
Rempel, Robert

subject:
Risk allocation theory
Folsomia candida
Foraging theory

abstract:
Risk allocation theory predicts that foraging animals moderate predation risk by
allocating their foraging effort and space use according to their energetic demands.
Undernourished animals have a greater need for energy than do sated individuals and
should accept higher risk while foraging. Original theory predicted that the proportion of
time that individuals spend in good conditions primarily determines risk allocation. More
recent theory predicts that the length of exposure to good or bad conditions governs risk
allocation decisions when patterns of environmental risk are autocorrelated in time. I
investigate the effects of these factors with controlled experiments on a standard
arthropod (Folsomia candida). I subjected animals to nine temporally autocorrelated 16-
day feeding treatments varying in both the proportion (0, 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75) and
duration (short, medium and long intervals) of time when food was absent. Risk
allocation was assessed by the choice of occupying a risky dry habitat where food was
present (rich) versus a safe moist habitat with no food (poor). Irrespective of
autocorrelation in conditions, the proportion of time spent with no food primarily
determined risk allocation by these Collembolans. The results suggest an energetic
threshold below which F. candida are forced to forage in rich and risky habitat despite
the possibility of mortality through desiccation. State dependent patterns of habitat
selection suggest that understanding the relationship between energetic state and patterns
of environmental condition may allow us to employ risk allocation as a leading indicator
of habitat change.


title: Studies on the fungus Flammulina velutipes

contributor:
Setliff, Edson C.
Malek, Ladislav

subject:
Flammulina velutipes
Mushroom culture
Fungi Cultures and culture media

abstract:
Local ligninocellulosic waste materials were examined as substrates for growing Flammulina velutipes mushrooms. Mushroom production was favoured by substrate moisture content in the range of 125-150%, (substrate supplementation with wheat bran) and a vegetative run temperature of 25°C for 2-3 weeks. Cropping time was 34-49 days and Biological Efficiency (B.E.) with wheat bran supplemented aspen sawdust and pulp waste mixtures was close to 100 percent. There was significant
increase in yield when the amount of wheat bran in the substrate was doubled. Spruce sawdust gave significantly lower yields than aspen sawdust and yield with pulp waste equaled the best yields obtained
with aspen sawdust. Bark and inner bark fibres delayed cropping time as compared to other substrates.
Cytological examination revealed irregularities in the nuclear cycle. The oidia were uninucleate, freshly shed basidiospores were binucleate, clamped mycelia were mostly dikaryotic and some cells were multinucleate, and simple septate mycelia were usually multinucleate, trama and basidia were binucleate and stipe hyphae were multinucleate (3-12 nuclei per hyphal cell). Nuclei stained with 4', 6 diamidino'-2-phenylindole (DAPI), a DNA specific dye, fluoresced pale blue. Some cells contained
fluorescing yellow particles in the cytoplasm. During meiosis, spindle orientation was hemichiastobasidial. A post-meiotic mitotic division in the basidiospores resulted in binucleate basidiospores. Examination of the hymenial layer of the gill with SEM revealed a variation in
basidiospore numbers and size.
Preliminary elemental analyses of pulp wastes and of mushrooms growing on the pulp wastes indicated that lower than expected levels of heavy metals were present in both the materials.


title: Tool for measuring self-control in athletes

subject:
Self-control
Athletes
Psychological tests

abstract:
The purpose of this study was to develop a practical
assessment tool based on Rosenbaum's (1980) Self-Control
Schedule (SCS) for measuring self-control in athletes. A
questionnaire was developed which in its final form, contained
35 items. The tool was shown to be a valid, reliable,
readable and internally consistent assessment tool. It
demonstrated objectivity and provoked honest, accurate
responding in subjects. Responses to the questionnaire were
weighted, depending on attitudinal direction and its
desirability for indicating self-control. The developed
questionnaire was administered to two samples of athletes
whose performances were partially attributed by the coach to
a lack of self-control or a high level of self-control. The tool demonstrated sensitivity to differing levels of
self-control. The questionnaire was capable of providing
immediate feedback to coaches concerning an athlete's level
of self-control. The questionnaire provides a total score
which can be quickly interpreted by the coach as a measure
of self-control in athletes.


title: Computer simulation of functional materials for therapeutic ultrasound applications

contributor:
Rubel, Oleg
Pichardo, Samuel
Das, Gautam
Gallagher, Mark

subject: Magnetic resonance guided high intensity focused ultrasound (MRgFUS)

subject: Ultrasound generation

subject: Ultrasound transducer

subject: Piezoelectric effect

subject: Ferroelectricity

subject: Dielectric dissipation by hysteresis loss

abstract:
Magnetic resonance imaging guided high intensity focused ultrasound is a potential
non-invasive treatment which uses constructive interference patterns to concentrate
ultrasound energy generated by a piezoelectric (ferroelectric) transducer to
thermally ablate affected tumor and cancerous tissues. However, currently used actuators
(ultrasound generators) suffer from heating of the ferroelectric materials during
operation which causes the dampening of ultrasound by changing the effective thickness
frequency relationship and/or depolarization of the material. The excess thermal
energy also contributes to the shorter heating and longer cooling cycle of operation
which in turn results in higher treatment cost because of the long operating time.
Such heating is caused by an energy loss (dielectric dissipation) that takes place
when an alternating electric field is applied to the ferroelectric material to generate
the ultrasound waves. The loss is related to the area of the hysteresis loop of the
material. The project aims at establishing a framework to reduce the dielectric dissipation
in ferroelectric materials during their operation as ultrasound transducers.
At the initial stage, to study the associated material characteristics, first principle
approaches have been adapted as a method in our research rather than experimental
methods which would consume more efforts in terms of equipment, money and time.
For the purpose of this study, an all electron density functional package WIEN2k is
being used along with the advantage of high performance computing. In order to
determine the ferroelectric parameters which are related to the polarization based
property of materials, an additional software package, BerryPI has been developed
in the framework of our research. The switching of ferroelectric materials which is a macroscopic effect has been studied at the atomistic level. A microscopic interpretation
has been made on the growth of domains which is an essential contributor to
the ferroelectric hysteresis loss. The findings of the study can be used as a model to
assist in the screening of potential ferroelectric materials for ultrasound transducers.
In addition, an energy efficient method to apply the electric field has been proposed
that will drive the ferroelectric crystal with optimum power and thus, with reduced
dielectric dissipation.


title: Influence of regeneration method on juvenile jack pine clear wood static bending properties and specific gravity / by Karen L. Jackson.

contributor:
Leitch, Mathew
Shahi, Chander
van Damme, Laird
Cooper, Paul

subject:
Jack pine - Regeneration
Wood quality
Northwestern Ontario

abstract:
The effects of regeneration method on three wood properties of jack pine, along different vertical positions, grown in northwestern Ontario were evaluated. A multi-staged nested sampling design was used to randomly select 12 trees, approximately 25 years of age, from four stands that were aerial seeded, Bracke seeded, planted and post fire naturally regenerated. Within each tree, small clear wood samples (2 cm x 2 cm x 30 cm) were obtained from three vertical positions: 1 m, 2 m and 4 m, for the determination of static bending properties - modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) - and specific gravity. Data analysis revealed that all three wood properties, MOE, MOR and specific gravity were not significantly different statistically (a <= 0.05) between regeneration methods. Further analysis into the influence of vertical positions revealed that MOE was not significantly different with height for all regeneration methods. In contrast, MOR was found to significantly vary between the
bottom and top positions for the aerial seeded and naturally regenerated stands. With respect to specific gravity, a significant difference in vertical position was evident between the bottom and top bolts for the aerial seeded, Bracke seeded and natural stands. These findings have revealed that wood properties of juvenile jack pine are quite variable no matter what regeneration method is implemented. Moreover, in the future there may be potential in dividing jack pine logs along the stem for various uses based
on regeneration method.
The relationship between MOR and specific gravity, and MOE and specific
gravity were investigated for all vertical positions and for each regeneration method.  Linear and curvilinear equations were used to compare the variation in mechanical properties as a function of specific gravity. In all cases, a significant (a <= 0.05) positive relationship existed between specific gravity and MOR or MOE. The relationship between MOR and specific gravity is equally well explained by linear and curvilinear
equations, whereas the relationship between MOE and specific gravity is better explained by a linear equation than by a curvilinear equation.


title: The effect of cycling female estradiol levels on retinal-based smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEM) and post-target offset persistence

subject: Estradiol

subject: Smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEM)

subject: Estradiol and visual perceptual functioning

subject: Oculomotor system overview

subject: Estradiol and oculomotor activity

subject: Menstrual cycle overview

subject: Estradiol and brain plasticity

abstract:
Estradiol has primarily been associated with the female reproductive system; however,
estradiol receptors have been located in the retinas of male and female humans, as well as
throughout the central nervous system (CNS) including lower brainstem areas associated
with oculomotor functioning. The present study investigated the significance of estradiol
in relation to smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEM) with the specific intention of
localizing estradiol effects on realtime and on extrapolated SPEM tracking after target
termination. This was accomplished in two ways. First, testing occurred at two opposing
stages of the female menstrual cycle: the late follicular and the late luteal phases, where
estradiol levels are known to be high and low respectively. Second, we selected
participants symptomatically categorized into three groups: women who did not have
Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)-type symptoms and who were not using hormonal
contraception within the last three months (control group), women who were hormonally
sensitive due to the presence of PMS-type symptoms and were not using hormonal
contraception (PMS-type group), and women who were using the hormonal contraceptive
Alesse™ or the generic form Aviane™ (Alesse™ user group).
Horizontal SPEMs were measured using a 60 Hz infrared eye tracker. We found
deviations from nominal sinusoidal eye movement patterns between our control, PMStype
and Alesse™ user groups in which the hormonally sensitive and regulated groups
(PMS-type and Alesse™ users) showed shorter durations of persistence (defined as
duration of movement that statistically followed an extrapolated track after target
termination), greater amplitude excursions, and a left-to-right excursion bias. These
findings suggest that further efforts should be made in order to better understand the modulatory interactions of stable estradiol- or low progesterone-based affective
symptoms and their underlying common neural circuitry with SPEM maintenance. The
relevant SPEM neural circuitry includes the cerebellar vermis and flocculus, the medial
vestibular nucleus, and other areas where estradiol has been reported to exert its effects.


title: The 96-hr LC50 and uptake of sodium tellurite in goldfish (Carrasius auratus)

contributor:
Momot, Walter T.
Smith, Alasdair D.
Omeljaniuk, R.

subject:
Tellurium Toxicology
Goldfish
Sodium tellurite Toxicology

abstract:
There is no information regarding toxicity of tellurium in fish. This research used goldfish
(Carassius auratus) as an animal model, and sodium tellurite ( Na2Te03) as the form of
tellurium to tested.  Acute 96-hr LC50  and 15-day uptake tests with tellurium were conducted in a
static test system.  The 96-hr LC50 for sodium tellurite was 785.8 mg/L (ppm) (using the trimmed
Spearman-Karber method). After 15 days, the uptake of sodium tellurite into muscle did not reach
steady state. In conclusion, sodium tellurite at low
concentrations is not harmful to goldfish in the short term.


title: Dielectric relaxation of alphatic compounds

subject:
Alicyclic compounds Electric properties
Dielectric relaxation


title: Physiological outcomes of interleukin-6 in high fat diet and voluntary physical activity

contributor:
Lees, Simon
Khaper, Neelam

subject:
Interleukin-6 - Physiological effect
Interleukin-6
Interleukins

abstract:
Insulin resistance is the principle step towards the progression of type 2 diabetes, and has been linked to increased circulating levels of cytokines, leading to chronic low-grade inflammation. Specifically, in chronic disease states increased interleukin-6 (IL-6) is thought to play a critical role in the regulation of insulin resistance in peripheral tissues, and has been used as a marker of insulin resistance. There is also an endogenous up-regulation
of IL-6 in response to physical activity, which has been linked to improved
insulin sensitivity. This leads to the question “how can elevated IL-6 lead to the development of insulin resistance, and yet also lead to increased insulin sensitivity?”  Resolving the dual role of IL-6 in regulating insulin resistance/sensitivity is critical to the development of potential therapeutic interventions. This study was designed to investigate the role of IL-6 on high fat diet (HFD) induced glucose intolerance, and the response to voluntary physical activity in the prevention of insulin resistance. Six-week old
wild type (WT) and IL-6 knockout (KO) mice with (RUN) or without (SED) access to running wheels were fed a HFD (60% from kcal) for 4 weeks. A glucose tolerance test revealed that blood glucose levels were 25-30% higher in KO RUN compared to all other groups after 30 minutes. In WT RUN, weight gain was positively correlated with total caloric intake; however, this correlation was absent in KO RUN, which may be attributed
to impaired glycogen breakdown or increased the nuogenesis in these mice. In soleus muscle, there was a 2-fold increase in SOCS3 expression in KO RUN compared to all other groups. In gastrocnemius/plantaris muscles, Akt phosphorylation was 31% higher in WT RUN compared to WT SED, but this effect of running was absent in KO mice.  Additionally, there was a 2.4-fold increase in leptin expression in KO RUN compared to
KO SED in the gastrocnemius/plantaris muscles. In the liver, there was a 2-3.8-fold increase in SOCS3 expression in KO SED compared to all other groups, and AMPKa phosphorylation was 27% higher in WT mice (both RUN and SED) compared to KO mice (both RUN and SED). These findings provide new insight into the role of the IL-6 in metabolism and energy storage, and highlights tissue specific changes in early signaling pathways in response to HFD for 4 weeks. The collective findings suggest that
endogenous IL-6 is important for the prevention of insulin resistance leading to type 2 diabetes.


title: Proton NMR spectral study of UV treated live Escherichia coli Bacteria / by Michael Sorokopud.

contributor:
Rapley, Patrick
Keeler, W. J.

subject: Escherichia coli - Effect of ultraviolet radiation on

subject: Escherichia coli - Spectra

abstract:
The lethal effects of ultraviolet radiation on microorganisms have been known and utilized for many years. In sufficiently high photon fluences, light and in particular, UV light, is an effective and subtle means of killing or at least immobilizing most, if not all cells and micro-organisms. Because of their small size, light can penetrate the enclosing protective walls and enter the inner volumes where it can break organic bonds in components that are vital to cell function. Despite the fact that a very low dose of UV light (1-9 mJ/cm2) has been shown to inactivate many micro-organisms, there remains a dearth of biological information about light induced effects in molecules and their interactions within living microbial systems.
The use of 1H NMR as a spectroscopic tool was chosen to undertake an examination of the possible effects resulting from exposing 'E. coli' to lethal fluencies of UV radiation. Once sample preparation, treatment, and NMR mounting methods were optimized, the high sensitivity and high resolution capabilities of the method produced reproducible results for a series of experiments. These results reveal significant changes in the ratio of the 1H NMR spectra of the treated to untreated ' E.coli' samples when the treated sample was exposed to a lethal fluence of 275nm light. Photons at the 275nm wavelength, used in this study, have enough energy to break all of the principle bonds in an organic molecule. The difference spectrum between treated to untreated samples appears to be fitted well using specific component spectra from these groups of compounds.  Increases in NMR peak amplitudes are observed and appear to be correlated with the spectral locations of several amino acids, membrane components and several sugars/saccharides. Increases in peak intensities of 4-8% were observed in the 0.8-1.1 ppm chemical shift region, characteristic of lipid and amino acid groups. A 3.5-4% increase was observed in the 2 ppm and 3.4-4 ppm region characteristic of various sugars and possibly amino acid components.


title: Relationship of pre-game arousal assessments to self-perceived performance competencies in male collegiate basketball players

subject:
Arousal (Physiology)
Stress (Physiology)
Basketball


title: Pressure dependent extrinsic effects in InSb

subject:
Indium antimonide crystals
High pressure (Science)

abstract:
Electrical transport properties of n and p-type InSb
in the temperature range 6.2-300K have been studied under
pressures up to 15 kbar using Hall measurements.
The donor gap in n-InSb is found to increase linearly
with pressure, becoming zero at pressures of 8.4 kbar or less.
This is responsible for carrier freeze-out under pressure.
Unexpected behaviour is observed in the donor gap, as it appears
to decrease abruptly at temperatures near 100K as temperature
is lowered. This effect has been investigated and two possible
theories explaining it are examined. Mobility measurements at
low pressure indicate that at temperatures below 40K scattering
processes are dominated by ionized and neutral impurity scattering.  At pressures high enough to cause carrier freeze-out the mobility
decreases rapidly with temperature. High electric field measurements
indicate that ionized impurity scattering is the dominant
scattering mechanism in this regime.


title: Traditional agroforestry systems as habitat for avian species: assessing their role in conservation

subject:
Agroforestry systems
Biodiversity
Avian species (conservation)

abstract:
The objective of this study was to explore the role of traditional agroforestry systems in Ecuador,
called chakras, in the conservation of avian species. Eleven examples of chakra, including
plantations of yuca (Manihot esculenta), cocoa (Theobroma cacao), corn (Zea mays), coffee
(Coffea arabica) and plantain (Musa paradisiaca), were studied near the traditional territory of
the Kichwa Community of Verde Sumaco in Orellana province, Ecuador. A total of 11 surveys
revealed 25 bird species belonging to 11 families across all the chakras, and 80 different plant
species belonging to 36 families. The chakras were divided into two categories based on
diversity of passerine birds: species-poor and species-rich. There were no tanager species
recorded in species-poor chakras, while there were 20 tanager species recorded in species-rich
chakras. Observations of hawks were linked significantly to the categories of species-rich and
species-poor chakras (test of independence, χ2 = 4.59, p = 0.02). When hawks were present, a
lower number of passerine species was observed. No significant correlation was found between
bird species richness and plant species richness. However, a number of chakras had legacy trees
that provided shelter and nesting, resting and foraging space for various bird species. This study
can provide useful information for chakra owners interested in conservation of avian species in
an era of natural wildlife habitat loss and degradation.


title: Conditioned taste aversion in selectively bred rat strains

subject:
Avoidance (Psychology)
Conditioned response
Rats
Behavior

abstract:
Development of conditioned taste aversion was investigated in five strains of rats. The Roman low-avoidance conditioning
(RLA/Lu) and the Maudsely reactive CMR/Har/Lu) strains learned taste aversion faster than the Roman high-avoidance conditioning(RHA/Lu) and Maudsely nonreactive (MNR/Har/Lu) strains respectively. The low-avoldance strain displayed the highest magnitude of taste aversion learning and the non-reactive strain showed the lowest amount of learning. The control strain (RCA/Lu) was intermediate between the high-avoidance and low-avoidance strains in the magnitude of taste aversion learning.


title: Is habitat management in northwestern Ontario meeting the physiological needs of moose in the fall and early winter?

contributor:
Luckai, Nancy
Racey, Gerry

subject:
Moose physiology
Moose habitat management

abstract:
This thesis explores the question of whether the habitat management guidance
provided by the Forest Management Planning Manual in Ontario is meeting the
physiological needs of moose in the fall and early winter. Moose are found throughout
Ontario and are managed for different densities in various areas. The focus of this
thesis is on northwestern Ontario. Food, shelter and cover requirements of moose are
summarized. How moose use habitats and balance energy are examined. Forest
Management Units/Planning, the Cervid Ecological Framework and guidelines such as
the Forest Management Guide for Boreal Landscapes and the Forest Management
Guide for Conserving Biodiversity at the Stand and Site Scales are reviewed in general
and from this perspective. An approach to forest management planning that
incorporates this information is described. The author concludes that the combination
of the landscape framework provided by the Boreal Landscape Guide and the flexibility
for influencing local conditions provided by the Stand and Site Guide make it possible
for forest managers to design forest management plans that support goals associated
with the physiological needs of moose.


title: Colonial legacy of national disunity in Nigeria

subject: Colonies


title: Integrating a tactical harvest-scheduling model with a log sort-yard location model

contributor:
Crowe, Kevin
Pulkki, Reino
Shahi, Chander

subject:
Log sort-yard location problem
Forest products supply chain
Harvest-scheduling model

abstract:
Failure to sort logs prior to their transportation to a mill can result in a loss of
value in the forest products supply chain—for unsorted, higher value logs can be used in
a low-value product where lower valued logs would otherwise suffice. To capture this
lost value, a log sort-yard facility is used in the forest products supply chain. The sortyard
is located between multiple forest locations (supplies) and multiple mills (demands)
and functions to grade, scale, buck and sort logs before they are trans-shipped to mills
where the demand for their value is highest.
The problem of selecting the location of a sort-yard has been modeled by other
researchers, but prior models have assumed that the locations of both log supplies and
mills were fixed. In reality, the locations of log supplies are not fixed, but are selected
using a multi-period, tactical harvest-scheduling model. The objective of this work is to
formulate, test, and evaluate a model that simultaneously selects the location of cutblocks
and the location of a sort-yard over time.
This prototype model was tested on a small, toy data-set. Three scenarios were
evaluated: a no sort-yard scenario, a fixed sort-yard scenario, and a scenario allowing
the sort-yard to change location over time. Results revealed that the selection of cut
blocks was highly sensitive to the changes in the scenarios, and that the approach of
simultaneous optimization can lead to improved planning in the forest products supply
chain.