title: A Somatic-Perceptual Theory of the Emotions

contributor:
Johnstone, Mark
Philosophy

subject:
Emotions
Intentionality
Perception
Unconscious Emotions
Bodily Feelings
Cognition
Alexithymia

abstract: In this dissertation, I develop and defend a kind of somatic theory of the emotions; namely, a somatic-perceptual theory of the emotions. On this account, emotions are perceptions of physiological changes. The majority of emotion theorists, however, hold some kind of a cognitive theory of the emotions. I argue, in opposition to these theories, that cognition is never necessary for emotion. Somatic theories of the emotions have never been well-received in philosophy and psychology. This is mainly because they are often perceived as being ill-equipped to explain many of the things that a theory of the emotions ought to account for. In particular, it is argued that somatic theories of the emotions fail to take into account the fact that emotions are typically directed toward an intentional object. Somatic theories, it is argued, are also unable to explain how to distinguish between different emotions associated with identical physiological responses. Moreover, since on my view emotions are a form of perception, my view would seem to allow for the bodily perceptions constituting emotions to occur unconsciously. However, in philosophy, the notion of unconscious emotions is problematic, because in ordinary language, emotions just are feelings – and feelings are, by definition, conscious. Using philosophical arguments and empirical evidence from neuroscience and psychology, I argue that my somatic-perceptual theory of the emotions is able to account both for the intentional nature of the emotions and the distinctiveness of different emotions just as well as leading cognitive theories of the emotions. This is significant because these objections have not yet been adequately met by other somatic theories of the emotions. I also embrace the implication that on my view, emotions can be unconscious, and show that my somatic-perceptual theory provides a framework for thinking about poorly understood psychological conditions, such as alexithymia.

abstract: Dissertation

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Shakespeare's Groundlings A Study of Some of the Humble Characters in the Plays and their Relation to the Audience

subject: humble characters, groundlings, stories

abstract:
Abstract Not Provided.
Thesis
Master of Arts (MA)


title: INVESTIGATING COLD STIMULATED SUPRACLAVICULAR SKIN TEMPERATURE AS A MEASURE OF BROWN ADIPOSE TISSUE ACTIVITY AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND BODY COMPOSITION IN 8-10 YEAR OLD BOYS

contributor:
Morrison, Katherine
Medical Sciences

subject:
Brown Adipose Tissue
Physical Activity
Body Compsition
Children

abstract:
BACKGROUND: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a thermoregulatory tissue that may have a positive influence on metabolic health by improving glucose homeostasis, reducing adiposity and increasing energy expenditure. It is enriched with uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) and therefore produces heat by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation from ATP production. It has long been known that infants are born with BAT, however, only recently has BAT been reported in children and adults. In humans, BAT is predominantly located in the supraclavicular (SCV) region, however there are smaller depots in the peri-renal and mediastinal areas. BAT has primarily been studied in humans using Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT). Such studies have demonstrated that children appear to have a higher prevalence of BAT than adults, however this methodology is not suitable for widespread research in healthy children. Therefore non-invasive methods that accurately measure BAT are required. The factors influencing BAT activity are of interest as this tissue may act as a desirable therapeutic target for metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes.
	PURPOSE: The purpose of this thesis project was two fold; Part 1 involved the examination of SCV skin temperature as a measure of BAT activity in children and the objective of Part 2 was to determine if SCV skin temperature had a relationship to body composition and physical activity in children. METHODS: We recruited 33 pre-pubertal boys (ages 8-10) to this cross-sectional study. The study included 3 visits, in which we measured lean mass and fat mass with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, resting energy expenditure (REE) before and after a 30 minute 12ºC cold exposure with indirect calorimetry, objective physical activity with an accelerometer and SCV temperature (measured every 2.5 minutes during a 30 minute, 12ºC cold exposure) with an Infrared Thermal Camera. Lean mass and Fat mass were quantified as lean mass index (LMI) and fat mass index (FMI). Physical activity was quantified as total accelerometer counts per minute (CPM) and minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per day.  For Part 1, we assessed the precision of IR-thermal imaging of SCV skin temperature by examining the reproducibility of eight skin temperature outcomes over two trials. Furthermore, we assessed the accuracy of these eight skin temperature outcomes by investigating their association with energy expenditure. For Part 2 we evaluated the relationship of FMI, LMI and physical activity (MVPA) with SCV skin temperature in a multivariate analysis. RESULTS: Following these analyses, post-cooling skin temperature had the highest reproducibility of the eight skin temperature outcomes (intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.95, p<0.001) and was also significantly correlated with energy expenditure (Pearson correlation=0.392 p=0.032). Therefore, we used this outcome measure when examining the relationship between SCV skin temperature, body composition and physical activity. Fat mass index (FMI) was inversely related to post-cooling SCV skin temperature (β= -0.125, p<0.001). Minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity and lean mass index (LMI) were not related to post-cooling SCV skin temperature. CONCLUSION: This study determined that post-cooling SCV skin temperature may be useful for detecting BAT in children and it is inversely related to adiposity.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE SAND REMOVAL IN WATER-SOLUBLE SAND MOULDS USING WATERJETS

contributor:
Hamed, Mohamed
Mechanical Engineering

abstract:
Due to the strong competition in the automotive industry, automakers must find innovative ways to manufacture car parts out of low-density materials in order to provide weight reduction and consequently fuel economy for vehicles. The recently invented Ablation Casting technique presents great potential for vehicle light weighting and hence it is gaining momentum in commercial operations. In this technique, a spraying system is used to increase the solidification rate of the casting. The spraying system removes the water-soluble sand mould away and produces extremely high cooling rates by using waterjets directly impinging on the solidifying metal surface. The high cooling rates result in small grain size in the microstructure and consequently enhances the mechanical properties of the casting. Although the spraying system has a profound effect on the process, the effect of waterjet parameters on the removal of the sand mould has never been studied.

The objective of this study is to investigate the use of waterjets in the removal process of water-soluble sand moulds. This study aims to develop a predictive model of the rate of sand removal for a given set of operating conditions of the spraying system. The effect of waterjet parameters on the rate of sand removal is investigated qualitatively within the appropriate range of operating conditions in order to establish an empirical model. These parameters include: standoff distance, waterjet momentum and overlapping percentage of multijets. This model can be implemented and used for different sand and water-soluble binder systems and the time of sand mould removal for given mould thickness can be estimated. Additionally some aspects of the removal mechanism have been discussed.

The results of this study provide an understanding of the interaction between the waterjet parameters and their effect on the rate of sand removal. It was shown that the developed model in this study is able to predict the time of sand removal correctly in casting applications.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: Keith Douglas: War Poet

contributor:
John, Brian
English

subject: dilemma, war, poet, propaganda,

abstract: The dilemma of the war poet -- how "to combine two incompatibles" -- has produced several temporary alternatives and as many permanent misconceptions. For some, writers and audience alike, war poetry has come to be merely a form of propaganda, or perhaps an outlet for the emotions. For Keith Douglas, however, war was apparently a natural and a compatible subject for poetry. This study focuses upon Douglas's life, work and reputation, in an attempt to discover how, why, and to what effect he was able to solve the dilemma.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: A Mississippian Bedded Barite Deposit, Bar Claim Group, South Central Yukon

contributor:
Shaw, Denis M.
Geology

subject: Bar Claim Group, Selwyn Basin Geologic province, Yukon, rock seqence, eugeosynclinal, Mississippian, limestone, breccia, conglomerate, lithic wacke, barite, chert, microdiorite, minerals, pyrite, galena, sphalerite, recrystallisation, mobilization, compression, faulting, sediment, sedimentogenic

abstract:
 The BAR CLAIM GROUP is located on the western margin of the Selwyn Basin geologic province in south central Yukon. The rock sequence is eugeosynclinal in nature, belonging to the Englishman's Group of the Mississippian. Chronologically, these rocks include massive limestone, white to red chert breccia, dark grey chert breccia, chert pebble conglomerate, lithic wacke, massive barite, grey green chert, and hornblende microdiorite. The elastic units in particular appear to be correlative with the units on the eastern margin of the Selwyn Basin.

 The barite is light grey, bedded, massive, and contains rare relic rosette structures. Associated minerals include pyrite, galena and minor sphalerite. Extensive recrystallisation and mobilization has occurred, probably as a result of regional compression and faulting.
The barite may have had an exhalative origin along fault or extensional zones; however, sedimentogenic sources, such as the redistribution of pre-existing barite, cannot be precluded.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Bachelor of Science (BSc)


title: Static Analysis of Plane Coupled Shear Walls

contributor: Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics

subject:
coupled shear walls
finite difference method
continuous connection method
finite element method

abstract: No abstract is provided.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Engineering (MEngr)

abstract: Scope and contents: The aim of this thesis is to present a finite difference method, for analysing coupled shear walls with constant or variable cross-section, resting on rigid or elastic foundations and with elastic or inelastic connecting beams. It is also intended to compare the finite difference method with the continuous connection method, which can be developed using Rosman's approach or Newmark's concept for analysing composite beams or the energy approach, and with the finite element method. An analysis of coupled shear walls with multiple piers is presented.


title: On the Dynamic Analysis of a Standard and Self-Steering Semitrailers

contributor:
Dokainish, M. A.
Mechanical Engineering

subject:
tractor-semitrailer
self steering semitrailer
standard semitrailer
rough road surface
analysis of dynamics

abstract: No abstract is provided.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Engineering (MEngr)

abstract: Scope and contents: This thesis describes an analytical study of the dynamics of a tractor-semitrailer vehicle. Two mathematical models; an articulated vehicle with self steering semitrailer and an articulated vehicle with a standard semitrailer, are developed to describe the longitudinal, lateral, vertical, pitching, rolling and yawing motions of the vehicle on a rough road surface. The natural frequencies of and the damped eigenvalues for both models are calculated. The steady state response of the vehicle components to the sinusoidal input profile of varying frequencies is calculated and the response curves are computer plotted in each case. For the self-steering semitrailer, the effect of varying the spring stiffness at the fifth wheel is studied. The dynamic loads imparted to the pavement due to the dynamic action of the vehicle in response to road irregularities, are also calculated. A discussion of the conclusions drawn from the analysis is given.


title: Longitudinal Shear Capacity of the Slabs of Composite Beams

contributor:
Robinson, H.
Civil Engineering

subject:
steel-concrete composite beam
longitudinal shear capacity
analysis of stresses
slab width
shear span

abstract: No abstract is provided.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Engineering (MEngr)

abstract: Scope and contents: In this report, a method for calculating the longitudinal shear capacity of the slab of simply-supported steel-concrete composite beams is presented. The method is based on analysing the stresses at failure of the concrete elements located at the slab shear surface. In this analysis, the slab width and the shear span are found to be two main parameters that have been neglected in the empirical solutions previously adopted.


title: Creep of Plain Concrete and Prediction of Creep Behaviour Under Variation of Stress

contributor:
Drysdale, R. G.
Civil Engineering

subject:
creep
concrete
creep under various stresses
load

abstract:
No abstract is provided.
Thesis
Master of Engineering (MEngr)


title: The Espanola Formation: A Proterozoic Carbonate North of Lake Huron, Ontario

contributor:
Risk, M. J.
Clifford, P. M.
Geology

subject:
Proterozoic Espanola Formation
Huronian Sequence
Geneva Lake
lithology
Espanola
cycle of deposition
glacial advance and retreat
calcium carbonate precipitation

abstract:
The Proterozoic Espanola Formation (Huronian Sequence) was studied at Geneva Lake, Ontario, 45 miles north-west of Sudbury. A major lithological change exists in the Espanola Formation between this area and the type section on the north shore of Lake Huron, 75 miles to the south. Unusually pure (95 percent) microcrystalline limestones and dolostones occur in almost equal abundance to the calcareous siltstones which are the characteristic lithology of the formation in its type section. The existence and position of a fine grained deposit such as the Espanola in a stratigraphic sequence which consists mostly of glacial and periglacial deposits is unusual. It is suggested that this fine-grained deposit was an integral part of a cycle of deposition resulting from glacial advance and retreat and that its sedimentary basin was created by marine transgression in response to a glacial retreat. Spatial distribution of the Espanola Formation suggests that its sedimentary basin may have consisted of at least three environmental zones. At least one of these zones may represent a glacial melt-water lake.
A microfossil search was carried out with negative results. This made speculation necessary in determining the origin of the calcareous fraction of the Espanola Formation. A mechanism is suggested whereby calcium carbonate is precipitated inorganically, as a result of photosynthesis by anaerobic bacteria. This mechanism can be observed in the present. If it is true, then the Espanola Formation may represent a time marker for the first presence of free oxygen in the atmosphere.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Bachelor of Science (BSc)


title: EFFECT OF MILK AND EXERCISE IN CHILDHOOD OBESITY:  PROTEIN METABOLISM, CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH AND INFLAMMATION

contributor:
Timmons, Brian
Phillips, Stuart
Kinesiology

subject: pediatric obesity, milk, exercise

abstract: The aim of this thesis was to determine the synergistic effect of milk and exercise to: promote fat loss while maintaining protein balance and muscle; improve cardiovascular fitness and strength; and to evaluate the short-term adaptations of the inflammatory system and metabolic risk factors in overweight adolescents (boys ages 11-15 years, girls ages 9 to 13 years). A 7-day dietary intervention with 1-h intense exercise was used with randomization to milk (MILK: n=26, 8 male, 18 female) or carbohydrate beverage (CONT; n=29, 12 male, 17 female) post exercise.  Both groups received a diet based on their resting energy expenditure. To determine whole body protein balance (WBPB), participants consumed 15N-glycine. Subjects performed a maximal cycling test to determine changes in power and 1-repetition maximum testing to determine changes in strength.  Blood was taken to evaluate glucose and insulin; tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 and c-reactive protein ; and blood pressure was measured pre and post intervention.  Although body weights did not change, the MILK group maintained more muscle (-0.2 ± 0.6 vs. -0.7 ± 0.8 kg, p<0.01) and had a greater loss in body fat (-0.4 ± 1 vs. 0.5 ± 1.0 %, p<0.006). The changes in body composition were supported by a greater WBPB after training in the MILK group (1.64 ± 1.1 vs. 0.84 ± 0.6, p<0.001). Power increased only in the MILK group with an increase of 0.13 watts/kg (p<0.05) with an increase in V02max that approached significance (p=0.06).  Improvements in strength and the blood risk factors were not different between the groups.  There was a greater decline in mean arterial pressure in the MILK group (-3 ± 6 mmHg vs. 2 ± 7 mmHg, p< 0.04).  The exercise intervention led to an increase in TNF-α in both groups (0.3 ± 0.7 pg/ml vs. 0.5 ± 0.7 pg/ml, p<0.001).  These data support the consumption of milk after exercise in the early stages of pediatric obesity treatment.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

abstract: The aim of this thesis was to determine if milk and exercise work together to: promote body fat loss while maintaining protein balance and muscle in overweight adolescents; increase fitness and strength; and assess changes in inflammatory markers and disease risk factors. A 7-day diet with 1-hour exercise sessions was performed with milk or a carbohydrate drink.  Protein balance was measured by a urine marker. Pre and post the following measures were used: cycling test for power; weight lifting test for strength; blood for disease markers; and blood pressure.  After the week, the milk group were in a more positive protein balance, maintained more muscle, had a greater loss in body fat, greater increase in power and lower blood pressure compared to the carbohydrate group.  Some of the inflammatory markers increased in both groups.  Exercise combined with the nutrients from milk can have a positive effect on adolescent health.


title: Botswana's National Development and Geopolitical Situation: A Politico-Geographical Study of an Ideological Frontier

contributor:
Burghardt, A. F.
Geography

subject: ideological frontier, boundary, Botswana, political geography, economic dependence, political independence, national interest, southern africa, conflict

abstract: The concept of ideological frontier and boundary, fami liar in the context of ' Cold War ' politics, is appl ied to Botswana , as a case study in political geogr aphy . The study works from two basi c assumptions . Firstly, that there is an inverse relationship between economic dependence and political independence (which in this study is further related to the hostility in the ideological conflict). Secondly, that in a confli ct bet ween riational interest and ideology a stat e gives pri ority to the former . These assumptions are used in the context of Botswana's national development and that state ' s contemporary geopoliticai situation in southern Africa . This situation is characterised by the ideological conflict of racial confrontation. The development of Botswana as a strategically i mportant state is trace d by reference to past political and economic dependencies on other states . An evaluation of the present day dependencies and their effect on Botswana's national goals depends in part on understanding that state's geopolitical situation along an ideological frontier.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Neutron Star Matter

contributor:
Sprung, D. W. L.
Physics

subject: energy per particle, neutron star matter, protons, proton ratio, proton concentration, neutron-rich nuclei

abstract:
 An expression is obtained for the energy per particle
in neutron star matter. The energy per particle is expressed
as a function of, y, the ratio of protons to the total number
of nucleons in the system. Minimizing the energy with respect
to y gives the optimum proton ratio at a given density. Using
an effective nuclear force, the results were extrapolated to
a density of p = 6pNM. The proton ratio is rather sensitive
to the force used, but all forces used indicated a peak in the
proton concentration at p (approximately equal to) 2pNM. The expression for the
energy as a function of y was also used to interpolate the
energy per particle between the nuclear matter and neutron
. gas limits. The form of this interpolation is important in
determining the stability of neutron-rich nuclei.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: Elasto-Plastic Dynamic Analysis Of Coupled Shear Walls

contributor:
Tso, W. K.
Civil Engineering

subject: dynamic analysis, planar coupled shear walls, ground motions, nonuniform coupled shear walls, flexible foundations, yield hinges, stiffness, transfer matrix technique, continuum method, earthquake, rotational ductility factor, beams

abstract:
 A method for tlie dynamic analysis· of planar coupled shear walls subjected to ground motions is developed herein. The method is capable of application to nonuniform coupled shear walls resting on flexible foundations. The possibility-of development of yield hinges at the ends of the connecting beams is included in the analysis . Also P-& Effect is incorporated in the stiffness of the structure.

 The method is based on the transfer matrix technique in combination with the continuum method. A step-by-step integration approach is used in solving the equation of motion. The response to a number of earthquake records are obtained. The effect of the rotational ductility factor of connecting beams is studied.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Engineering (MEngr)


title: Consolidation of Soils Under Cyclic Loading

contributor:
Wilson, Nyal E.
Civil Engineering

subject: consolidation, soil, cyclic loading, Kaolin

abstract: A theoretical solution for the progress of consolidation of a saturated soil layer subjected to cyclic loading is obtained. A comparison between the theoretical solution and the experimental results of Kaolin samples consolidating under cyclic loadings is presented.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Engineering (MEngr)


title: Computerized Design of Small Buildings Using Modular Construction

contributor:
Siddall, J.N.
Mechanical Engineering

subject: computerized, modular, construction, buildings,

abstract:
 A new prefabrication building system using modular construction is proposed.

 The existing housing systems, the requirements of both the housebuilding system and the dwelling house are discussed. The effect of innovation in building and the use of standardization, coordination and preferred dimensions are described.

 A study of the space allocation problem; its definition, importance, and solving techniques is presented.

 The computerization of plans based on the proposed system of building is achieved through the use of the user oriented program developed in this thesis. It designs the optimum plan configuration given the user requirements and constraints.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Engineering (MEngr)


title: Stochastic Approximation for Identification of Multivariable Systems

contributor:
Sinha, N.K.
Electrical Engineering

subject: non-parametric, stochastic, approximation, multivariable, identification

abstract:
 In this thesis a non-parametric normalized stochastic approximation algorithm has been developed for the identification of multivariable systems from noisy data without prior knowledge of the statistics of measurement noise.

 The system model is first transformed into a special canonical form, then it is formulated in a non-parametric form. The parameters of this model are estimated through a normalized stochastic approximation algorithm. Finally, the system parameters are recovered from these estimates by another transformation.

 The proposed algorithm is applied to the identification of two simulated systems.

 Conclusions of this work and suggestions for future work are given.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Engineering (MEngr)


title: MECHANISTIC MODELLING OF CRITICAL HEAT FLUX ON LARGE DIAMETER TUBES

contributor: Engineering Physics and Nuclear Engineering

subject:
CRITICAL HEAT FLUX
TWO PHASE FLOW

abstract:
Heavy water moderator surrounding each fuel channel is one of the
important safety features in CANDU reactors since it provides an
in-situ passive heat sink for the fuel in situations where other
engineered means of heat removal from fuel channels have failed.
In a critical break LOCA scenario, fuel cooling becomes severely
degraded due to rapid flow reduction in the affected flow pass of
the heat transport system. This can result in pressure tubes
experiencing significant heat-up during early stages of the
accident when coolant pressure is still high, thereby causing
uniform thermal creep strain (ballooning) of the pressure tube
(PT) into contact with its calandria tube (CT). The contact of the
hot PT with the CT causes rapid redistribution of stored heat from
the PT to CT and a large heat flux spike from the CT to the
moderator fluid. For conditions where subcooling of the moderator
fluid is low, this heat flux spike can cause dryout of the CT.
This can detrimentally affect channel integrity if the CT
post-dryout temperature becomes sufficiently high to result in
continued thermal creep strain deformation of both the PT and the
CT.

A comprehensive mechanistic model is developed to predict the
critical heat flux (CHF) variations along the downward facing
outer surface of calandria tube. The model is based on the
hydrodynamic model of \cite{Cheung/Haddad1997} which considers a
liquid macrolayer beneath an elongated vapor slug on the heated
surface. Local dryout is postulated to occur whenever the fresh
liquid supply to the macrolayer is not sufficient to compensate
for the liquid depletion within the macrolayer due to boiling on
the heating surface. A boundary layer analysis is performed,
treating the two phase motion as an external buoyancy driven flow,
to determine the liquid supply rate and the local CHF. The model
takes into account different types of flow regime or slip ratio.
It is applicable for a calandria vessel as well, under a sever
accident condition where a thermal creep failure is postulated to
occur if sustained CHF is instigated in the surrounding shield
tank water. Model shows good agreement with the available
experimental CHF data. The model has been modified to take into
account the effect of subcooling and has been validated against
the empirical correction factors.

abstract: Dissertation

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Flow Patterns and Wall Shear Rates in a Series of Symmetric Bifurcations

contributor:
Round, G.F.
Feuerstein, I.A.
Mechanical Engineering

subject: flow patterns, wall shear, series, symmetric, bifurcations, axially, function

abstract:
 This study investigates the flow patterns and wall shear rate distributions downstream from a series of three glass model symmetric bifurcations, typical of the blood
vessels in man. The models have a single included angle of 75° and total output to input flow area ratios of 0.75, 1.02 and 1.29, covering the physiological range. The Reynolds
numbers studied (based on parent tube) were 400, 800 and 1200 in steady flow.

 Local fluid velocities were obtained at a number of axial positions along the bifurcation daughter tube via a neutrally buoyant tracer particle technique utilizing cine
photography. This provided sufficient information to determine the three velocity components for each particle. The tangential and radial components were in general less than 6% of the mean axial velocity. In the case of the axial components, an analytical representation of the velocity in polar coordinates was obtained. This analytical function permits evaluation of
wall shear rate distribution.

 The velocity pro£iles were found to be symmetric
with respect to the plane of the bifurcation. At two diameters downstream from the carina the velocity profiles in the plane of the bifurcation showed a high peak near the inside wall of the branch. With distance downstream the peak was convected tangentially evening out the profile towards an axially symmetric mountain plateau with a dished top.

 Wall shear rate as a function of θ at constant axial position was represented by displaced cosine function. The highest shear rates always occurred on the inside wall of the daughter tube and the lowest on the outside wall. In general, the largest deviation from developed shear rates occurred close to the carina.

 The largest positive deviation in wall shear rate
from developed values was found in the small area ratio bifurcation and the lowest wall shear rate value was found in the large area ratio bifurcation (a = 1.29) indicating possible flow separation near the carina. The biological implications of the shear rate information generated are discussed.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Engineering (MEngr)


title: INFLUENCE OF WATER CHEMISTRY ON NICKEL ACCUMULATION AND SUB-LETHAL TOXICITY IN MARINE AND ESTUARINE ANIMALS

contributor:
Wood, Christopher
Biology

subject: Toxicology,nickel, marine, freshwater, invertebrates, vertebrates, metal

abstract: Nickel (Ni) is a metal that is anthropogenically enriched in aquatic settings. It has been reported as having three main modes of toxicity in freshwater animals (ionoregulatory disturbance, respiratory impairment, and the generation of oxidative damage), but there is little understanding of Ni toxicity in marine and estuarine environments. The mechanism(s) of Ni uptake and toxicity were investigated using three model species (adult green shore crab, Carcinus maenas; adult Atlantic killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus; early life-stages of the New Zealand sea urchin Evechinus chloroticus). In crabs, sea water protected against Ni accumulation and toxicity. In more dilute salinities, however, all three modes of Ni toxicity were identified at a sub-lethal level, with effects noted at Ni exposure levels as low as 8.2 µg/L, the US EPA environmental regulatory limit. In killifish, similar protective effects of SW were observed, however this species was much more resilient to Ni toxicity, with only minor changes in ionoregulation and oxidative stress noted, and no evidence of respiratory toxicity. Sea urchin larvae were found to be the most sensitive marine organisms to Ni toxicity yet reported, with a 96 h median effect concentration of 14.1 µg/L measured. Toxicity in this species was related to Ni impairment of calcium influx, consistent with proposed mechanisms of uptake observed in the other two models. Overall, the elevated ion levels associated with salinity were shown to be protective, suggesting a role for water chemistry in modifying Ni accumulation. However, physiology, which varies between species, developmental stages, and as a function of environmental salinity, also influenced organism sensitivity to Ni. These data contribute novel information regarding the relationships between water chemistry, Ni accumulation, and Ni toxicity, and as such, will be integral in the future development of predictive modelling tools for protecting marine and estuarine animals against environmental Ni.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Science  (PhD)


title: Identifying drug-microbiome interactions: the inactivation of doxorubicin by the gut bacterium Raoultella planticola

contributor:
Wright, Gerard D.
Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences

subject:
microbiota
microbiome
personalized medicine
pharmacology
drug interactions
drug inactivation
resistance
doxorubicin
Raoultella
Raoultella planticola
pharmacokinetics
pharmacomicrobiomics

abstract: The human gut microbiota contributes to host metabolic processes. Diverse microbial metabolic enzymes can affect therapeutic agents, resulting in chemical modifications that alter drug efficacy and toxicology. These interactions may result in ineffective treatments and dose-limiting side effects, as shown by bacterial modifications of the cardiac drug digoxin and chemotherapy drug irinotecan, respectively. Yet, few drug-microbiome interactions have been characterized. Here, a platform is developed to screen for drug-microbiome interactions, validated by the isolation of a gut bacterium capable of inactivating the antineoplastic drug doxorubicin. Two hundred gut strains isolated from a healthy patient fecal sample were cultured in the presence of antibiotic and antineoplastic drugs to enrich for resistance and possible inactivation. Raoultella planticola was identified for its ability to inactivate doxorubicin anaerobically through whole cell and crude lysate assays. This activity was also observed in other Enterobacteriaceae and resulted in doxorubicin inactivation by the removal of its daunosamine sugar, likely mediated by a molybdopterin-dependent enzyme. Other potential drug-microbiome interactions were identified in this screen and can be analyzed further. This platform enables the identification of drug-microbiome interactions that can be used to study drug pharmacology, improve the efficacy of therapeutic treatments, and advance personalized medicine.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Bachelor of Science (BSc)

abstract: The collection of microbes in the human intestinal tract, referred to as the gut microbiome, can modify therapeutic agents and change the efficacy of drug treatments. Identifying these interactions between drugs and the microbiome will help the study of drug metabolism, provide explanations for treatment failure, and enable more personalized health care. For this project, a platform was developed to isolate gut bacteria from human fecal samples and characterize bacteria that are capable of inactivating various antibiotics and anticancer drugs. Through this platform, the gut bacterium Raoultella planticola was found to inactivate doxorubicin, a commonly used anticancer drug. These results suggest that doxorubicin may be inactivated in the gut and demonstrates how this platform can be used to identify drug-microbiome interactions.


title: Two Milton Essays (a) The Aesthetic of Milton (b) Puritanism and Anglicanism in the Age of Milton

subject: Milton, aesthetic, Puritanism, Anglicanism

abstract:
Abstract Not Provided.
Thesis
Master of Arts (MA)


title: Effects of Formal Musical Experience in Infancy on Musical, Linguistic and Social Development

contributor:
Trainor, Laurel J.
Psychology

subject:
infants
musical development
linguistic development
social development
music pedagogy
music education

abstract:
This thesis examines the effects of formal musical experience in infancy on musical, social and communicative development. Parents and care-givers have a wide-range of choices of activities and products for an enriched musical experience for their infants, yet prior to the studies in this thesis little was known of the effects of formal musical experience on development.
In chapter 1, I outline the introduction to my thesis. In Chapter 2, I examine the effects of Kindermusik training on rhythmic enculturation. Infants who participated in these classes demonstrated a heightened interest in rhythmic patterns but also showed a stronger preference for duple metrical patterns, indicating that musical classes for infants can accelerate the development of culture-specific metrical perception. In Chapter 3, I present results showing that infants who participate in active musical classes showed superior development of prelinguistic communicative gestures and social behaviour as compared to infants assigned to a passive musical experience. In Chapter 4 I examine the development of joint attention in infants assigned to active and passive musical experiences. Although no significant results were found, I suggest that either more sensitive measures or a longer period of study might well show differences between the groups.
Together these findings indicate that infants are able to engage in meaningful musical training when the developmentally appropriate pedagogical approach is used, and that formal musical experience in infancy can enhance culture-specific musical acquisition as well as impact social and communication development.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Teaching Units On Genetics: Motivation and the Application of Knowledge

contributor:
Beattie, Catherine
Threlkeld, S.F.H.
Biology

subject: planned learning, motivation, activity, reinforcement, teachesr, students, activity, education, school, schools, williness, teaching, genetics

abstract:
 There are three steps in planned learning: motivation, activity, and reinforcement. This project details the problems encountered by t eachers when they attempt to motivate and reinforce student learning. These problems in turn result in an emphasis on the selection of an activity.

 Of all the factors in motivation, it is proposed that an increase in one of them the willingness to learn will have a greater effect on learning than the choice of an activity, and that this increase can be accomplished by showing the students how the content to be learned can be immediately useful to them.

 The genetics unit from the grade thirteen biology course is amended in order to illustrate just how a teacher can alter a course to make it more useful to the students and yet still meet any future academic requirements. By having students apply theoretical knowledge to resolve life problems, it is suggested that student willingness to study is enhanced and the overall motivation to learn is significantly increased.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: Some Aspects of the Chemistry of Hydrazides and Thiohydrazides

contributor:
Gibson, M. S.
Chemistry

subject: conversion, hydrazides,  heterocyclic ring systemsthiohydrazides, hydrazidic hallides, nucleophilic oxygen, sulfur atom, alpha halogen, oxygen, base, nitrogen, N-aryl ring, benzoxadiazines, benzothiadiazines, heterocyclic

abstract:
 In or der to study the mechanism of their conversio~ into hydrazides and thiohydrazides, a number of hydrazidic halides were treated with compounds containing a nucleophilic oxygen or sulfur atom.

 The initial products of these reactions were formed from the displacement of the (alpha)-halogen atom of the hydrazidic halide. In cases where there was sufficient activation the group attached to oxygen or sulfur was transferred to nitrogen in the presence of base.

 Some hydrazides and thiohydrazides containing displace-able groups in the 2-position of an N-aryl ring yielded benzoxadiazines and benzothiadiazines respectively under basic conditions. The reactions exhibited the characteristics of bimolecular nμcleophilic aromatic substitutions. The synthesis of four novel heterocyclic ring systems is described.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Control of Political Space In The Canadian North: An Analysis Of Contemporary Colonialism

contributor:
Dear, M. J.
Geography

subject: Political, socio-economic status, native people, conflict, resource development, Canadian North, perpetuation, colonial, neo-colonialism, traditional colonialism

abstract:
 The conflict between native people and resource development in the Canadian north is considered within the framework of a colonial model of development. It is hypothesized that the origins of contemporary land use conflicts in the north can be attributed to the colonization of native people, and that the growing discontent among native people can be viewed as a response to the perpetuation of their colonial status.

 Two phases in the historical relationship between native people and the Canadian government, traditional colonialism and nee-colonialism, are defined and the impacts of these forms of colonialism upon native people, and their role in the future development of the north, are examinedo Alternative native responses to colonial status are identified and each option is discussed in terms of its likelihood as a choice and the effects of that choice upon the native community. Government control over native people is identified as a major constraint on response choice. Various means of government control and their effectiveness are considered.

 Two alternatives are presented for the future control of political space in northern Canada: continuation of colonial domination or increasing control by natives. It is concluded, on the basis of recent experiences in native communities, that increasing control by natives is the only means through which the political and socio-economic status of native people will be improved.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Application of Membrane Chromatography in Bioprocessing

contributor:
Ghosh, Raja
Chemical Engineering

subject: bioprocessing, technology, biopharmaceuticals, chromatography,

abstract:
 Improved and efficient bioprocessing technology is a key requirement in the
manufacture of biopharmaceuticals. The increasing need to reduce biopharmaceutical cost
is driven by the business challenges such as the emerging biogenerics. The great advances
in upstream technologies make bioseparation the major cost in bioprocessing. Developing
efficient bioseparation technologies is therefore strongly desired. Membrane chromatography is a promising bioseparation technology which combines the advantages of membrane technology and chromatography, thus making high-throughput and high-resolution
bioprocesses feasible. This thesis focuses on the novel applications and improvements of membrane chromatography: bioprocessing of transgenic tobacco derived monoclonal antibodies and PEGylated proteins, integrated bioprocessing for antibody fragmentation, study of antibody binding on membranes and the development of novel membranes.

 Membrane chromatography based bioprocesses were developed for purification of
monoclonal antibody (mAb) from transgenic tobacco, primarily addressing the challenge
of low mAb abundance in the feed material. PEGylated proteins were purified,
demonstrating that high-throughput and high-resolution purification of low-binding-propensity
proteins was feasible using membrane chromatography.

 Membrane chromatography based reactant adsorptive membrane bioreactor separator (RAMBS) systems were developed to integrate enzymatic fragmentation of human IgG with the purification of target fragment. This novel system facilitated the process intensification and led to higher IgG digestion than in liquid phase reaction.

 The mechanism of hydrophobic interaction based IgG binding on synthetic membranes was studied using the RAMBS system. The results showed that the binding took place primarily through a combination of the hinge and CH2 domain of Fc. This study provides a new approach for studying antibody interaction with membranes and surfaces and could help design membrane-based antibody purification, immunoassay and biomaterials.

 PEG grafted filter paper was developed as an inexpensive alternative to commercial synthetic membranes. These novel membranes possessed high permeability and low fouling tendency and demonstrated good selectivity and reusability in monoclonal antibody purification.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Unequal Exchange: Theory and Measurement

contributor:
Webber, M. J.
Geography

subject: unequal exchange, labour theory of value, international free trade, economic, social disparities, developed countries, third world countries, Arghiri Emmanuel,  monocasual

abstract:
 This thesis examines the theory of unequal exchange - an
application of the labour theory of value to international freetrade
- arguing that increased trade will harm rather than improve
economic and social disparities between the developed and Third
World countries. The theory as put forward by Arghiri Emmanuel
is first presented and criticised. Assumptions of capital mobility
and labour mobility on a world scale are than examined. As a
result of these analyses unequal exchange is found to be a process
the magnitude of which is mediated by the historical development
of technology and the increasing mobility of productive capital.
Unequal exchange does not provide a monocausal explanation of
uneven development in capitalism as dependency-like interpretations would suggest, though it does make a significant contribution to a multicausal explanation.

The existence of unequal exchange is shown, and its magnitude
measured'i""' empirically on the basis of Morishima's value system.
Input-output accounts for Canada and the Philippines are used for
1961 to produce estimates of commodity values per dollar. It is
found that exports from the Philippines sold at prices that were
almost five times lower than exports from Canada of the same
value. Unequal exchange therefore, is a significant counteracting
influence to the tendency for the rate of profit to fall in developed
sectors, reducing the rate of profit, and therefore the rate of accumulation, in less developed sectors of production.

 The results of this analysis provide for two policy
suggestions. Firstly the need to extend the class struggle
to an international scale. Secondly, whilst import substitution
may not solve the problems of less developed countries, an
increase in trade will only harm them further.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Colours and Shapes of the World: Testing Predictions from Synesthesia about the Development of Sensory Associations

contributor:
Maurer, Daphne
Psychology

subject: synesthesia, sensory, perceptual development, colours, shapes, adulthood,

abstract:
 The present collection of studies examines how sensory information is interrelated, and how that changes with age and experience. The hypotheses motivating the research were based on the sensory associations of adults who experience concrete inter/intra-sensory linkage, known as synesthesia. Adult synesthesia can inform the study of perceptual development, and even of language, because it appears to represent one way in which normal developmental mechanisms can play out. Using insights gained from adults with synesthesia, we derived novel hypotheses about cross-modal and cross-dimensional links likely to
be present in early childhood and to persist in muted form in non-synesthetic adults.

 The research reported in Chapters 2 and 3 was an examination of the learned and
naturally biased influences on the development of one type of intermodal sensory
association. Specifically, it investigated whether colour-letter associations found
in adults reflect learned versus naturally-biased influences between shape and
colour. Results from these two studies suggest that pre-literate children (2.5-3
years old) show natural biases to associate certain shapes to certain colours, which
can be manifest as colour associations to letters. Naturally-biased associations
between shape and colour appear to be based, in part, on the angularity of the
shape. In addition to the same naturally biased colour letter associations found in
toddlers, older children (7-9 years old) and adults showed colour letter
associations that appear to be based in literacy, since they were not present in preliterate
toddlers. The research reported in Chapter 4 was an examination of crossmodal
associations between sound and shape. Specifically, it investigated the
influences of consonant and vowel sound on the mapping of words to shape in
toddlers. Results from this study suggest that the vowel sound of a nonsense word
can reliably predict its association to a shape with specific characteristics
(rounded versus jagged). Such natural biases may help bootstrap language
learning. The research reported in Chapter 5 was an examination of cross-modal
associations to odour. Specifically, it investigated whether there any consistent
cross-modal associations between odour and either colour or texture. Results from
this study suggest that there are consistent colour and texture associations to
odours, some of which do not appear to be based in experience. Across studies,
pre-literate toddlers, older children, and/or adults provide evidence that stimulus
characteristics reliably relate to one another cross-dimensionally and crossmodally.
Further, sensory associations in adulthood appear to result from an
interplay of learning and natural biases, and non-synesthetic adults and toddlers
show consistent, naturally-biased sensory associations similar to those seen in
synesthesia.

 The work presented in this thesis reveals the value of deriving hypotheses from the phenomenon of adult synesthesia about the interplay of learning and natural biases in the formation of sensory associations.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: The Role of Familiarity of Context and Features in a Medical Diagnosis Task

contributor:
Norman, Geoffrey R.
Psychology

subject: medical, diagnosis, conscious, familiarity

abstract:
 Medical diagnosis is a complex task, that requires integrating several sources and
types of information: a patient's description of their symptoms, lab results, and perhaps
even 'gut feelings' regarding potential diagnoses. From a cognitive psychology
perspective, diagnosis is a type of categorization and as such has been typically divided
into processes that are deliberate, rule oriented, and available to conscious control (often
called analytic processing) and processes that are rapid, outside of conscious awareness,
and typically based on similarity (often referred to as non-analytic processing).

 Traditionally, similarity has referred to whole-case similarity between a current and previously encountered case. However, this pattern matching to an entire previous case does not differentiate between diagnostic and non-diagnostic information, a distinction that is made clear in the rules taught to medical professionals. Since medicine does rely extensively on diagnostic rules, the research presented in this thesis will examine the effect of similarity of features relevant to the application of a diagnostic rule as well as the effect of similarity from patient identity, which is mnemonically salient but diagnostically irrelevant.

 The work presented in this thesis specifically examines the role of similarity in the categorization, or diagnostic decisions of novices. Medical students start training with the best available rules, standard diagnostic rules likely to be used in future practice. In the experiments reported in this thesis, participants are trained to competence on diagnostic rules using prototypical written case vignettes of simplified psychiatric diagnoses. Participants then evaluate cases in which clinical information supports two possible diagnoses, but in which either diagnostic features or diagnostically irrelevant identity information is similar to those seen in training. The results of these experiments indicate a strong reliance on familiar of rule-relevant symptom descriptions (i.e. similarity within the application of a diagnostic rule), supporting an adaptive role of similarity within the application of an analytical decision rule. Further, the influence of familiar diagnostically irrelevant information (i.e. similarity within the context of patient identity) demonstrates the maintenance of non-diagnostic information within memory,
and the possibility of matching to a previous exemplar on rule-irrelevant features. Familiarity, whether diagnostically relevant or not, increases the probability that clinically relevant features are mentioned in support of a diagnosis, which may indicate the disambiguation of features following previous experience with that feature, and a strong influence of familiar but non-diagnostic information on the interpretation of features.

 This thesis supports a model of medical decision making in which there is an effect of similarity to previous instantiations of clinically relevant features. That is, similarity is a basic component of decision making that is not limited to matching on entire previous instances. Previous research has suggested that analytic and non-analytic reasoning are competing or fundamentally separate processes, whereas the demonstration of similarity within the application of a diagnostic rule suggests that not only is similarity an adaptive strategy for learners, but the differentiation between similarity based and rule based processes may be less clear than previously suggested.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: The Greying of a Nation: The Economic and Social Effects of Canada's Aging Population

contributor:
Eyles, John
Geography

subject: economic, social, Canada, aging, population, labour, health

abstract: Canada's population is experiencing a change in its age structure which is increasingly becoming older. This has implications for many of the governments economic and social programs and society as a whole. As labour force participation among the elderly decreases, expenditures for social programs are increasing to supplement seniors relatively low income. The increased use of health services will also strain economies on the provincial level citing the need of increased community services.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Candidate in Philosophy


title: Vapour Fractionation and K/Rb Ratios of Melt Phases in the Onaping Formation Sudbury, Ontario

subject: vapour, fractionation, Rb, K, petrography, Onaping

abstract:
 The process of vapour fractionation during impact fusion of country rocks is discussed in relation to absolute loss and relative loss. The factors which determine the amount of vapour fractionation are considered in an equilibrium thermodynamic model. The model is tested upon the relative vapour fractionation of Rb with respect to K. Application of the model to crater studies leads to sampling concepts and the statistical validity of differences in measured compositions of melt rock and adjacent country rocks.

 The petrography and K/Rb ratios of twelve samples of melt phases in the Onaping formation, Sudbury, Ontario are presented. The data is discussed in the light of theoretical model for vapour fractionation.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Bachelor of Science (BSc)


title: Elementary Applications of the Ultrapower Functor

contributor:
Bruns, G.
Mathematics

subject: elementary, applications, ultrapower, functor

abstract:
Abstract Not Provided
Thesis
Master of Science (MSc)


title: A Methodology For Determining The Dimensions of Community Opposition to Public Facility Location

subject: methodology for identifying and measuring the dimensions of community opposition to exteranlity generating public faciltiies, identifying, measuring, externality generating public facilities, traditional modelling approaches, public facility location, political, facility location, public facility location, traditional apporach, public government, city planning

abstract:
 This paper is concerned with developing a methodology for identifying
and measuring the dimensions of community opposition to externality-generating public facilities. It critically reviews the traditional
modelling approaches to public facility location. The methodology, by which the dimensions of facility impact might be established for incorporation into political decision-making models of
facility location, is then proposed. The results of a pilot empirical
test of this methodology, using techniques of non-metric Multidimensional Scaling for the analysis of individuals' perception's, indicate the types of dimensions which might be derived from the application of the methodology to questions concerning public facility location.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Elastomeric Sleeve Bearing Design

contributor:
Newcombe, W.R.
Mechanical Design

subject: elastomeric, sleeve, bearing, design, homogeneous, forces

abstract:
 It is shown that the experimentally determined deflectional behavior of certain elastomer-lined sleeve bearings under static radial loads can be modeled to some extent by the compressive behavior of flat elastomeric slabs.

 An equation for the thermal bearing-bore change is developed using the conventional theory for the thermoelasticity of homogeneous cylinders. Some experimental results agree fairly well with this equation. An equation for the bore contraction due to liquid swell is developed in terms of thermoelasticity.

 Minimizing the lining thickness is recommended for minimizing both the radial deflections and the bore changes.

 An analysis is made of the frictional forces involved with the interference fit between the lining and its housing.

 Areas for further investigation are suggested.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Engineering (MEngr)


title: Graphs and Ultrapowers

contributor:
Sabidussi, G.O.
Mathematics

subject: graphs, ultrapowers, logic, relational, system

abstract:
 Graphs are defined as a special kind of relational system and an analogue
of Birkhoff's Representation Theorem for Universal Algebras is proved. The notion
of ultrapower, a specialization of the ultraproducts introduced into Mathematical
Logic by Tarski, Scott and others, is demonstrated to provide a unifying framework within
which various problems of graph theory and infinite combinatorial mathematics can
be formulated and solved. Thus, theorems extending to the infinite case results
of N.G.de Bruijn and P.Erdős in graph colouring, and of P. and M. Hall in combinatorial set theory are proved via the method of ultrapowers. Finally, the problem of embedding graphs in certain topological spaces is taken up, and a characterization of infinite connected planar graphs is derived (see Introduction).

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: An Investigation of Self-Organizing Binary Search Trees

contributor:
Wood, D.
Computation

subject: self-organizing, binary search trees, computational

abstract:
 This investigation examines several methods designed to minimize the computational cost of retrieving records from a binary search tree.

 No knowledge of the probabilities with which these records are requested is assumed. The aim of each method
is to gradually restructure an initial, arbitrary (and perhaps costly) tree into one which has minimal search cost, on the basis of experience.

 While no one such 'self-organizing' method has yet received theoretical substantiation, it is hoped that this empirial investigation may assist in this endeavour.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: An Appraisal Of The Supernova Minicomputer As A Process Simulation Tool

contributor:
Johnson, A. I.
Wright, J. D.
Chemical Engineering

subject: supernova minicomputer, simulation tool, simulation, GEMCS stead state, supernova, Assembly Language, Basic Mode, FORTAN IV, CDC 6400, DYNSYS, dynamic system simulation program

abstract:
 The object of this work was to evaluate the Supernova ninicomputer as a process simulation tool. To accomplish this obje c tive the GEMCS ste2dy-state simulation system wa.s programmed for the Supernova. This system was programmed to run in five different modes, BASIC , two modes which require that al.L progra1ns are written in Assembly Language, and two modes in which programs may be called from the disk. Of these latter two modes, one requires all programs to be written in Assembly Language; the other mode allows programs to be written in Assembly Language or FORTRAN IV.

 Two case studies which had previously been run on the CDC 6400 were run on the Supernova to test and evaluate f our of the modes in which GEMCS was proerammed for the Supernova.

 The studies have also provided an a ssessment of the hardware and softws.re facilities of the Supernova and the results of thjs assessment were documented. In addition the opera tion of the various strategies used to impl ement GEMCS have provided an indication of the feasibility of the impl ementation of the dynamic system simulation program, DYNSYS.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Performance of Rotating Biological Contactors under Transient Loading Conditions

title: RBC Performance Under Transient Loading Conditions

contributor:
Murphy, K. L.
Chemical Engineering

subject: dynamic response, 0.5 metre pilot scale, rotating biological contractor, transient influent conditions, carbon oxidation, nitrification, RBC, nitrifying conditions, effluent infilterable, TKN, TKN concentration, hydraulic loading, Carbon concentration

abstract:
 This report examines the dynamic response of a 0. 5 metre pilot scale rotating biological contactor when operated under transient influent conditions. Experimental data are presented for two modes of operation: carbon oxidation and carbon oxidation plus nitrification. During the carbon oxidation experimental runs, a 2.0 metre RBC was operated in parallel with the 0.5 metre RBC, thus allowing comparisons in the performance of the units.

 When the 0. 5 metre RBC was operated under nitrifying conditions, it was found that the effluent filterable TKN responded positively to influent variations in filterable TKN loading, TKN concentration and hydraulic loading. Transfer f unction noise models were developed which successfully predicted the time varying effluent TKN response. The response in effluent filterable TKN was predicted most precisely by influent TKN loading. Models based on influent TKN concentration and flow were not as precise in predicting effluent response. The effluent response of the 0.5 metre RBC was found to be greater than the response of activated sludge pilot units when operated at similar levels of removal.

 When the 0. 5 metre RBC was operated in the carbon
oxidation
'mode,
significant
effluent
responses
were
observed
for
carbon
loading
and
concentration.
Little
correlation
was
found between influent flow and effluent carbon concentration. Operating under identical conditions, the 2.0 m RBC showed significant responses to carbon loading, carbon concentration and flow.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Engineering (MEngr)


title: An Engineering Methodology for the Formal Verification of Function Block Based Systems

contributor:
Wassyng, Alan
Lawford, Mark
Computing and Software

subject: Critical systems, Formal specification, Formal verification, Function blocks, Tabular expressions, IEC 61131-3, PVS

abstract:
Many industrial control systems use programmable logic controllers (PLCs) since they provide a highly reliable, off-the-shelf hardware platform. On the programming side, function blocks (FBs) are reusable PLC components that can be composed to implement the required system behaviour. A higher quality system may be realized if the FBs are pre-certified to be compliant with an international standard such as IEC 61131-3.                                           Unfortunately, the set of programming notations defined in IEC 61131-3 lack well-defined formal semantics. As a result, tool vendors and users of PLCs may have inconsistent interpretations of the expected system behaviour. To address this issue, we propose an engineering method for formally verifying the conformance of candidate implementations of FBs (and their compositions) to their high-level, input-output requirements. The proposed method is sufficiently general to handle FBs supplied by IEC 61131-3, and industrial FB applications involving real-time requirements. Our method involves several steps. First, we use tabular expressions to ensure the completeness and disjointness of the requirements for the FB. Second, we formalize the candidate implementation(s) of the FB in question. Third, we state and prove theorems regarding the consistency and correctness of the FB. All three steps are performed using the Prototype Verification Systems (PVS) proof assistant.
As a  first case study, we apply our approach to the IEC 61131-3 standard to examine the entire library of FBs and their supplied implementations described in structured text (ST) and function block diagrams (FBDs). As a second case study, we apply our approach to two realistic sub-systems taken from the nuclear domain. Applying the proposed method, we identified three kinds of issues: ambiguous behavioural descriptions, missing assumptions, and erroneous implementations. Furthermore, we suggest solutions to these issues.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

abstract: A formal verification approach for the function block based control systems


title: Karst Geomorphology at Moira River, Ontario

contributor:
Ford, D.C.
Geography

subject: Karst, Moira River, runoff, channels,

abstract:
 This is the first study of the karst features found at Moira River karst. This study intends to investigate a number of different karst features of the area rather than concentrating on one highly specific problem. Hopefully this will enable the reader to appreciate the wide diversity of karst able to form within a small area such as Moira karst.

 The variation in karst features encountered at Moira River ranged from a relatively rare form of karst, called a draped karst, to dissolution patterns (scallops), found within a cave. The draped karst dominates much of the area and is formed by the preferential removal of thin, recessive limestone beds. The overlying, massive bedded unit remains and is "draped" over an underlying massive unit.

 The river plays a dominant role in the formation of karst features at Moira Karst. It floods quite frequently as evidenced by the number of runoff channels found in the area. The caves at Moira River karst have developed as a short cut across a bend in the river and are fully inundated when the river reaches high flow rates. Karst development does not extend much beyond a range of 300 m from either bank of the river and is concentrated on the east side of the river.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Bachelor of Science (BSc)


title: A COMPARISON OF HIGHER VERSUS LOWER DIETARY PROTEIN INTAKE ON GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE IN HEALTHY ADULTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

title: AN ANALYSIS OF HIGHER PROTEIN DIETS ON RENAL FUNCTION

contributor:
PHILLIPS, STUART, M.
Global Health

subject: Chronic kidney disease, glomerular filtration rate, estimated glomerular filtration rate, creatinine clearance, dietary reference intake, diet, high protein diet, increased protein intake, randomized controlled trials, crossover trials, World Health Organization

abstract:
Background: Higher protein diets, especially from animal sources, have seen a rise in popularity due to potential metabolic. This may have consequences for kidney function particularly in rising middle class populations who are allocating more income towards meat. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of higher versus lower protein intake on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in adult populations without renal impairment.
Methods: Search strategies were developed and electronic databases searched: MEDLINE and EMBASE. Data were extracted up until June 3, 2015. The main outcome measure was GFR and a random effect model (Cochrane’s Review Manager Version 5.3) was used to pool mean differences in GFR values.
Results: Database searches yielded 25 trials from 1914 articles that were eligible for analysis based on inclusion/exclusion criteria. 12 studies were randomized controlled trials and 11 studies were crossover trials. As a result of data presented, 2 crossover studies were treated as 4 trials to result in 25 total trials. A total of 810 subjects from 25 trials were included in this systematic review and meta-analyses. The age of participants was 24-62 years and their BMI was 21-36 kg/m2. Higher protein compared to lower protein-containing diets were associated with increased GFR values [mean difference (MD): 8.33 ml/min (95% CI 4.87 to 11.79), P < 0.00001] but this was less pronounced when assessing change from baseline GFR values [MD: 4.71 ml/min (95% CI 0.06 to 9.36), P = 0.05]. Moreover, significant heterogeneity was present and funnel plot asymmetry indicated potential publication bias in both meta-analyses.
Conclusion: Higher protein diets were associated with increased GFR, however, these results were inconclusive due to significant heterogeneity and overestimation by random effect analyses. There is still no clear evidence that high protein diets negatively impact renal function in healthy populations.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)

abstract: Globally, the leading causes of mortality in industrialized countries are cardiovascular disease (CVD), stroke, and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Deaths from these chronic diseases now outpace deaths due to malnutrition. Being overweight and obese increases the risk of both morbidity and mortality from CVD, stroke, and T2D. Global rates of overweight and obesity have now reached ‘epidemic’ proportions and the World Health Organization has stated that, “… [a] global epidemic of overweight and obesity – ‘globesity’ – is taking over many parts of the world. If immediate action is not taken, millions will suffer from an array of serious health disorders.” Over the past 20-30 years, the popularity of higher protein energy restricted diets have grown due to the potential benefits regarding weight loss, appetite regulation, and maintenance of lean (muscle) mass. Additionally, the expansion of the global ‘middle-class’ has resulted in families allocating more income towards meat products as a primary protein source in their diet. A health concern is that higher protein intake may have an adverse effect on kidney function. In individuals with chronic kidney disease, higher protein diets have been shown to result in further renal impairment. However, the effects of increased protein intake in healthy populations are unclear. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare higher versus lower protein diets on kidney function in healthy populations based on the literature to date. This was accomplished by looking at changes in glomerular filtration rate (the rate at which kidneys filter blood), which is the ‘gold standard’ marker of kidney function.


title: ORGANIZATIONAL WORK-FAMILY RESOURCES, ROLE OVERLOAD AND THE WORK-FAMILY INTERFACE:  THE MEDIATING ROLE OF BALANCE SELF-EFFICACY

contributor:
Connelly, Catherine
Business

subject: Work-family, balance self-efficacy

abstract:
Recent years have witnessed a growing concern for individuals’ abilities to effectively manage work and family. Employees are demanding balance between work and personal life and employers, who are interested in attracting and retaining talent, are looking for ways to respond. One way employers are responding is by implementing work-family initiatives and encouraging a family-supportive culture. In this thesis, I investigate the relationship of such resources (family-supportive organizational perceptions-FSOP and perceptions of implementation of work-family initiatives) and contextual demands (role overload) with the work-family interface (work-to-family conflict and enrichment).
In response to research calls to highlight the role of the individual in shaping the relationships between work and family experiences, I introduce the construct and measure of balance self-efficacy. I define balance self-efficacy as one’s beliefs about one’s own ability to manage resources, demands, and stakeholders from the work and family domains. I argue that balance self-efficacy mediates the relationships between resources and demands from one side and the work-family interface from the other side.
I draw on the Conservation of Resources Theory and the Work-Home Resource Model to propose that balance self-efficacy is a personal resource that enables the individual to perceive less conflict and more enrichment between work and family. I propose that balance self-efficacy is largely drawn from the individual’s perception of his or her context. Hypotheses were tested in a sample of 420 participants employed at a financial institution in the United Arab Emirates. Hypotheses were tested using multiple regression and Bootstrapping techniques using PROCESS by Preacher and Hayes (2008).
The results show that the individual’s cognitive assessment of their own ability to manage work and family (balance self-efficacy) relates negatively to work-to-family conflict and positively to work-to-family enrichment, thus suggesting that balance self-efficacy is not only a resilience resource that employees refer to in moments of conflict but also an enriching resource that allows the individual to view participation in the work domain as beneficial for participation in the family domain. Results also suggest that the employee’s perception of the messages emitted by the organization in the form of perceptions of family supportiveness and perceptions of implementation of work-family initiatives relate positively to an increased sense of balance self-efficacy. Contextual demands, in the form of role overload, relate negatively to balance self-efficacy.
This thesis aims to contribute to the resource-view of the work-family interface and highlight personal agency in determining perceptions of conflict and enrichment between work and family. It does so by focusing on the individual’s assessment of their beliefs in their own ability to manage work and family and the role of organizational context in determining that sense of efficacy. By doing so, the purpose is to shed the light on the malleable aspects of the work-family experiences that can be positively manipulated.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Ultrasound Assessment of Finger Flexor Tendon Shear:  Implications for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

title: The Role of Ultrasound in Finger Flexor Tendon Shear

contributor:
Keir, Peter
Kinesiology

subject:
carpal tunnel syndrome
tendon
tenosynovium
ultrasound
shear

abstract:
The purpose of this thesis was to understand the implications of ultrasound in the assessment of flexor tendon shear to establish its role in carpal tunnel syndrome.  An in vitro and in vivo approach was used to examine ultrasound “shear” between the tendon and adjacent tenosynovium.  Ultrasound shear is defined by the relative displacement between the tendon and tenosynovium, and has been considered a surrogate measure of tendon shear.  However, the mechanical implications of relative displacement are not well understood.  In Chapters 2 and 3, an in vitro approach was used to compare ultrasound to direct measurements of tendon displacement and tendon shear.  Chapter 2 demonstrated the validity of colour Doppler ultrasonography in the evaluation of tendon displacement.  Chapter 3 assessed the relationship between ultrasound shear and mechanical tendon shear using frictional work.  We dispelled the notion that ultrasound shear represents tendon shear by showing it only captures the viscoelastic stretch of the tenosynovium in tendon shear; missing surface friction from neighbouring anatomical structures in the carpal tunnel.  However, measuring viscoelastic resistance in tendon motion is important for the development of pathological fibrosis and thickening of the tenosynovium, a characteristic finding in carpal tunnel syndrome.  In Chapter 4 we further established the clinical utility of ultrasound in vivo by showing ultrasound shear discriminated carpal tunnel syndrome symptomatic individuals from the healthy population.  Ultrasound measures progressed with symptoms suggesting an etiological progression of fibrosis and thickening with carpal tunnel syndrome.
This thesis concluded that ultrasound only partially represents tendon shear with the viscoelastic component, but underscored the clinical implications.  Ultrasound provides a non-invasive assessment of viscoelastic resistance that will be highly valuable for our understanding of the role of wrist and hand motion in the etiology of injury with potential applications in the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Science in Kinesiology


title: An Investigation Of the Control of Recombination in Neurospora Crassa by a Dominant Factor, or Factors, from N. Sitophila

contributor:
Threlkeld, S. F. H.
Biology

subject: genetic recombination, species, biological, artifical mutants, Neurospora crassa, N. Sitophila

abstract: The phenomenon of genetic recombination is of fundamental importance to the evolution and adaptation of species, and is a valuable laboratory aid to the biological scientist. Probable mechanisms of control of recombination are largely unknown, due partly to the difficulty of obtaining artificial mutants affecting the process. The studies reported here avoid this difficulty by the use of different factors controlling recombination which occur naturally in the species Neurospora crassa and N. sitophila. Studies of hybrid N. crassa strains carrying factors from N. sitophila are described, and some models for the control of genetic recombination are discussed.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: Effects of Tubicolous Polychaetes On Intertidal Substrates In Cobequid Bay, Nova Scotia

contributor:
Risk, M. J.
Geology

subject: Grain Size, Mineralogical Determination, Mineralogical, Mineral, Gain Size, Clymenella torquata, Spiophanes wisleyi, Sabellaria Vulgaris, tubicolous polychaetes, sediment, Spiophanes wisleyi, Reef formation, preservation, sediments, species, population densities, population

abstract:
 Populations of three tubicolous polychaetes, Clymenella torquata, Spiophanes wisleyi and Sabellaria vulgaris located in the intertidal zone of the south shore of Cobequid Bay, Nova Scotia were studied for their effects on the surrounding sediment. Grain size measurements were made of the tubes and the surrounding sediment. T-tests were made on the resultant differences between the Inman sorting and mean statistics of the two sand populat ions . The percentages of heavy and light minerals were also measured with the use of a binocular microscope. The differences in sorting and mean grain size between the tubes and substrate may affect stability and porosity of the sediment and effect sediment structures easily identifiable in the geologic record.

 Clyrnenella torquata inhabits a low energy intertidal sandy envir onment and increases the porosity of the sediment by its feeding habits. Stabilization of the sediment may be effected by high population densities of Clymenella (densities around 420/m^2). Tubes were built with preferential grain sizes. Spiophanes wisleyi exists in phenomenally high population densities in low-energy areas. The large numbers of tubes (up to 98,000/m^2) bind the sediment; tubes are made of virtually the same grain sizes as the substrate; no bioturbation occurs during the construction of the tubes. The latter two factors make preservation potential very low in the geologic record. Sabellaria vulgaris in the study area is of little sedimentological importance. Population densities are too low to affect the surrounding substrate. This species exists in a high energy zone a characteristic of fauna which build reefs. Reef formation by sabellariids may have been important in the geologic past and is locally important today in the North Sea (Schafer, 1972) and Florida (Gram, 1968).

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Bachelor of Science (BSc)


title: The influence of reduced daily ambulation on glycemic control, body composition and physical function in older adults

title: Physical inactivity and glycemic control in the elderly

contributor:
Phillips, Stuart
Kinesiology

subject:
Older adults
Step-reduction
Glycemic control
Insulin resistance

abstract: Short-term physical inactivity in older adults has been shown to cause muscular atrophy and impaired glycemic control, however, the ability to recover remains unknown. We aimed to determine the impact of step-reduction (SR) on older adults and if they could recover simply by returning to habitual activity. Ten older adults (6 men, 4 women, 69 ± 3 yr) completed 7d of normal baseline activity (BL), subsequently underwent SR by 86 ± 9% (8568 ± 3741 to 973 ± 76 steps/d; p<0.001) for 14d and then returned to 8383 ± 4513 steps/d for 14d (RC). During an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), SR resulted in elevated plasma glucose concentration ([G]) area under the curve (AUC; 325 ± 126 to 375 ± 137, p = 0.13), maximum [G] (10.2 ± 2.4 to 11.9 ± 1.7 mM, p = 0.027) and 2-hr [G] (7.9 ± 1.3 to 9.1 ± 1.1 mM, p = 0.085), while all [G] indices returned to BL after RC. However, Matsuda insulin sensitivity index was reduced (3.5 ± 0.3 to 2.7 ± 0.7, p < 0.001) and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance was elevated (2.8 ± 0.3 to 3.6 ± 0.7, p = 0.02) with SR, remaining different than BL after RC (p < 0.005). During free-living conditions, 3-hr post-prandial [G] (PPG) AUC and peak PPG increased following SR (p > 0.05), returning to BL with RC. Body composition and physical function remained unchanged with SR. These results show that periods of physical inactivity, characterized by reduced daily stepping, do not present detectable changes in body composition or physical function yet result in reduced glycemic control in older adults. While elevations in blood [G] are abolished with 14d of normal physical activity, our findings suggest that the SR-associated reductions in insulin sensitivity are not normalized as quickly.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Science in Kinesiology

abstract: Periods of physical inactivity such as hospitalizations decrease daily steps for older adults and this inactivity can cause losses of muscle, strength, and symptoms of diabetes. It was unknown if by simply returning to normal physical activity older persons could ‘reverse’ the consequences of step-reduction so we conducted a study involving two weeks of step-reduction and two weeks of recovery. While there was no change in strength or muscle mass, we found that when older adults reduced their daily steps to fewer than 1000/day, after two weeks they became ‘resistant’ to insulin, a hormone that helps control blood sugar and is connected to the development of type II diabetes. Although these older adults resumed normal step-count levels in the recovery phase, they did not recover their insulin sensitivity such that two weeks of normal daily activity was not sufficient to overcome the consequences of two weeks of inactivity.


title: The Structure Of Braid Bars: Facies Relationships of Pleistocene Braided Outwash Deposits, Paris, Ontario

contributor:
Walker, R. G.
Geology

subject: gravel, East Paris, Pleistocene braided, topographic, topography, downstream, cross-strata, Contemparaneous upstream, migration, sand, gravel gravel bed, avalanche, Lamination, ripples, interdigitated

abstract:
 A large gravel pit at East Paris exposed 14m of Pleistocene braided outwash. Large scale longitudinal bars (30 - 400m long) were developed utilising irregular topographic highs (4 - 6m) of the basal gravels as Bar Cores. These bars prograded downstream by means of larce-scale cross-strata, periodically interupted by reactivation surfaces. Contemparaneous upstream addition of material took place by the migr ation of mixed sand and gravel bed-forms on the stoss-side of the bars. The gravel supply to the avalanche face of the major bars took the form of imbricated gravels which passed from the stoss-side, through the Bar Top, onto the Bar Front. Adjacent, sandy side-channels (4 -6m deep) exhibit a fining upward fill of trough cross beds, planar lamination and ripples; and interdigitated with the gravel bars alongside.

 Aggradation of the flood plain led to the extension of the Bar Top facies over the length of the bars, and then to the development of a Shallow-braided stream facies over the whole system. The latter is recognised by its smaller (less than 1m) bar forms composed of crossbedded gravel supplied by an imbricate gravel, and numerous small, sandy channel forms.

 At West Paris another large gravel pit exposed 6m of sandier, but stratigraphically equivalent deposits. Large scale side-bar accumulations (200-300m across) of gravel developed from river bank lateral accretion deposits. The downstream progradation was by lobes of cross-stratified and imbricated gravels, alternating with sand drapes of low flow stages. Sandy Side-channels (4m deep) developed between the gravel lobes and the accreting river bank.

 The concept of braid bar growth from a pre-existing form (bar core or river bank) is in contrast to the classic theory of development from a gravel lag. The differences may be due to depth relationships of the systems, which in this case may be the effect of position on the sandur surface.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: Synthesis and Hybridization Studies of Oligoribonucleotides Corresponding to the Common, Double-Stranded Region of the Dihydrouridine Arm of Several Transfer RNA Molecules

contributor:
Neilson, Thomas
Biochemistry

subject: oligoribonucleotides, salt, RNA, molecules, Double-stranded, synthesis, hybridization

abstract:
 An improved method for the synthesis of oligoribonucleotides of defined sequence was developed. The general phosphotriester synthesis of Neilson and co-workers was modified by the introduction of a new condensing agent, mesitylenesulfonyl-1,2,4-triazole, and by the replacement of the bis(cyclohexylammonium) salt of mono-2,2,2-trichloroethyl phosphate with its acid salt. These modifications provided significant increases in the yields for the condensation of protected nucleosides - especially in the case of purine residues. Finally, modification of the three-step procedure for the deprotection of protected oligoribonucleotides resulted in the isolation of oligomers of exceptional purity and biological activity.

 Oligomers corresponding to natural sequences in transfer RNA molecules were obtained by this improved method of synthesis. These oligomers were then used to study:
1. The formation of short double-stranded RNA helices and
2. The interactions of aminoacyl-tRNA ligases with tRNA fragments.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Novel Structural Properties and An Improved Bound for the Number Distinct Squares in a Strings

contributor:
Deza, Antoine
Mathematics

subject:
Combinatorics on Words
free monoid
String Algorithms

abstract: Combinatorics on words explore words – often called strings in the com- puter science community, or monoids in mathematics – and their structural properties. One of the most studied question deals with repetitions which are a form of redundancy. The thesis focuses on estimating the maximum number of distinct squares in a string of length n. Our approach is to study the combinatorial properties of these overlapping structures, nested systems, and obtain insights into the intricate patterns that squares create. Determin- ing the maximum number of repetitions in a string is of interest in different fields such as biology and computer science. For example, the question arrises when one tries to bound the number of repetitions in a gene or in a computer file to be data compressed. Specific strings containing many repetitions are often of interest for additional combinatorial properties. After a brief review of earlier results and an introduction to the question of bounding the maxi- mum number of distinct squares, we present the combinatorial insights and techniques used to obtain the main result of the thesis: a strengthening of the universal upper bound obtained by Fraenkel and Simpson in 1998.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Uterine Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor and Endometriosis

contributor: Medical Sciences (Division of Physiology/Pharmacology)

subject: Neurotrophins Endometriosis Uterus

abstract: Endometriosis is a chronic estrogen-dependent gynecological disease where endometrial cells implant at inappropriate sites causing significant pelvic pain, decreased quality of life, and often infertility. It affects 10% of women of reproductive age, and there is no minimally invasive diagnostic test. Consequently the time to diagnosis, which occurs during laparoscopic surgery followed by pathological confirmation of disease, is prolonged and exceeds 11 years. During this time, the disease often worsens and women thus experience avoidable morbidity. Additionally, endometriosis is a financial burden on the healthcare system; its annual cost was $69.4 billion (U.S.) and $1.8 billion (Canada) in 2009. For these reasons, identifying a clinical marker remains a top priority. Although multiple putative markers have been identified and reviewed, emerging evidence suggests a relationship between neurotrophins and endometriosis. The neurotrophins are growth factors recognized for promoting neuronal differentiation, growth, and maintenance. Recently, they have been shown to induce pathways central to endometriosis including proliferation, adhesion, angiogenesis and resistance to apoptosis, in cultured neurons, epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and cancer cell lines. Although two studies have suggested elevated concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the plasma and eutopic endometrium of women with endometriosis, relatively little is known about uterine BDNF. Herein, we demonstrate the conservation of BDNF and its high affinity receptor in the mammalian uterus, and show the upregulation of BDNF and its low affinity receptor by estradiol in the mouse uterus. Encouraged by our results, we assessed circulating BDNF for its ability to differentiate between women with and without endometriosis, as excess estradiol in endometriotic lesions might increase BDNF in women with disease. Our results revealed that circulating BDNF concentrations were significantly higher in women with endometriosis, particularly those with Stage I and II disease compared to controls. Furthermore, women with endometriosis undergoing ovarian suppression had significantly lower circulating BDNF than women not undergoing treatment, suggesting that BDNF may provide an opportunity to monitor patient response to treatment. Taken together, the data herein advances our limited knowledge of uterine neurotrophins, and supports a link between BDNF and endometriosis. I therefore strongly suggest that BDNF is a useful clinical marker of endometriosis, and encourage additional research to determine its role in the pathophysiology of disease.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

abstract: Endometriosis is a chronic condition that affects over 10% of women of reproductive age. Women with endometriosis suffer from debilitating pelvic pain and it takes approximately 12 years before they are diagnosed during surgery. This is in part because there is no blood test to diagnose disease. We are interested in using a protein called brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) that is linked to several of the pathways that are disturbed in women with endometriosis as a means of determining whether or not a woman has endometriosis. The key goals of this thesis are to show that BDNF is a protein which is found in the uterus of many species, that it is controlled by estrogen, and that it might be useful in diagnosing endometriosis and monitoring how well a patient is responding to endometriosis treatment.


title: DEVELOPMENT OF AN ORGANOCATALYTIC [3+3] REACTION SEQUENCE TOWARD AMINOCYCLITOLS AND TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF ANTICANCER AMARYLLIDACEAE ALKALOIDS

contributor:
McNulty, James
Chemistry

subject:
Organocatalysis
(+)-trans-dihydrolycoricidine
Natural product

abstract:
In the thesis, the development of asymmetric organocatalytic [3+3] sequences for
the assembly of aminocyclitols is described. A water-based Wittig reaction was
developed in order to produce the key enal-based starting materials, which were
otherwise difficult to obtain commercially and synthetically. The enals derived from the
Witig reaction were employed in the synthesis of both natural products and synthetic
analogs of compounds in the amaryllidaceae family.
The [3+3] Michael-aldol sequence described herein provided regio-, diastereoand
enantioselective access to the core of the various targeted molecules, containing 3 to
4 defined stereocenters. The sequence was optimized via manipulation of the structures of
both the organocatalyst and base used leading to increased selectivity and yield.
Complete total synthesis of the natural product (+)-trans-dihydrolycoricidine was
achieved using the optimized organocatalytic Michael-aldol sequence. The most effective
catalyst/base combination for this synthesis was found to be a comercial
diphenylsilylprolinol ether and quinidine, which led to a dramatic reduction in the number
of synthetic steps taken to the final product, and highest yield, when compared to other
reported approaches: in 9 chemical steps, 12% overall yield and 98% e.e. were achieved.
Two non-natural analogues were also synthesized using this methodology in order
to probe the minimum pharmacophore of the amaryllidaceae derivatives, as they are
known to express anti-viral and anti-cancer activity for certain cell lines. (+)-3-
Deoxydihydrolycoricidine containing 4 chiral centers, was synthesized via the same [3+3]
Michael-aldol sequence as the natural product in 6 steps with 15% yield and >99% e.e.
Similarly, (+)-trans-3-epidihydrolycoricidine was obtained in 6 steps, 27% yield and
>99% e.e. The biological activity of these derivatives is yet to be examined.
This highly effective method for the preparation of chiral aminocycllitols can be
generalized toward the synthesis of numerous targets, which will be the focus of future
research.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Agricultural Labour Input Allocation and Efficiency in North Grimsby Township

contributor:
Reeds, L.G.
Geography

subject: allocation, agricultural, labour, Township, efficiency

abstract: This thesis examines the allocation and relative efficiency of the agricultural labour input in North Grimsby Township. The relative efficiency of the labour input is determined by the construction of an Index of Labour Efficiency, in which the actual labour input is compared with the labour input requirement for the farm as determined from studies undertaken by the Ontario Department of Agriculture. Certain normative hypotheses are tested, relating elements of the farm economic structure and the physical environment to the Labour Efficiency Index.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Combination of Radioanalytical Techniques and Gel Chromatography for the Identification of Metal-Protein Complexes

contributor:
Fritze, K.
Chemistry

subject: radioanalytical, identification, complexes, metal-protein, gel, chromatography

abstract:
 A new technique for the systematic identification of metal-protein complexes combining gel chromatography with either neutron activation analysis or radioactive tracer methods has been proposed. The technique has been tested on the copper in serum situation to evaluate the results obtained on a well-known system.

 It was then applied to manganese in serum, manganese in erythrocytes and copper in erythrocytes. The results indicate that serum contains two manganese-binding proteins, one of low molecular weight and relatively labile in nature, the other of higher molecular weight and incorporating radioactive manganese in vivo at some definite time interval subsequent to the isotope's administration.

 Manganese in erythrocytes occurs as a porphyrin bound to apoglobin as a manganese analogue of hemoglobin.

 Copper in erythrocytes appears to exist in two forms - one firmly bound to erythrocuprein, the other more loosely bound to the same protein.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: The Role Of The Mother-Goddess Cult In The Religious COnsciousness of Bengal

contributor:
Arapura, J. G.
Younger, Paul
Religion

subject: India, Bengal, Hinduism, Hindu, Mother-Goddess, cult, religion, religious, Remprasad, Ramakrishna Paramahamsa, priest, mystic, Kali Temple, Daksineswar, Kali, Swami Vivekananda, Sri Aurobindo

abstract:
No Abstract Included
Thesis
Master of Arts (MA)


title: Some Personal Aspects of Employability

subject: Age, employment, employability, unemployable, unemployed, men, female, employed, handicaps, job, job seeking, seek employment, job analysis, job description, Human Resources, Human Resource, Hiring

abstract:
No Abstract Provided
Thesis
Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: Westminster Township: A Regional Study

contributor:
Macpherson, Alan C.
Geography

subject: Westminster Township

subject: London

subject: physical geography

subject: historical geography

subject: urban fringe

subject: interrelationship between the city and the township

abstract: No abstract provided.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)

abstract: Introduction: The study attempts to explain the geographical conditions in Westminster Township. Emphasis is placed on the relationship existing between the township and the city of London, the large metropolitan centre adjacent to it. The problem is attacked from a functional point of view. The physical geography of the township is described. However, since historical forces are recognized in any study of settlement, one chapter is devoted to historical geography. The following chapters are devoted to communications and land use patterns, both rural and urban. The thesis is changing interrelationship, between the city and the township. It shows clearly that the city does not terminate at its political boundary, but encroaches upon the adjacent rural township. The result is a change in the character of the township in the shape of an "Urban Fringe" specialized agriculture and new super imposition of communications.


title: Towards A Theory of Prose

contributor:
Vichart, G.
English

subject: pose, art, language, criticism, poetry, expression, language, anglo-Saxon, artistic medium, nature, systematic

abstract: A critical analysis of several approaches to prose, and an attempt to construct a theory of prose as art, on which a language of prose criticism might be based.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Agricultural Land Use Of Wallace Township

contributor:
Reeds, Lloyd G.
Geography

subject: Wallace Township, township of Perth County, agricultural land use, economic activity, settlement, farming lumbering, forest products, trees, framing, future, soil