identifier: Cheater, Brian James <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Cheater=3ABrian_James=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Fatigue life of bulk carrier side shell frame lower toes as a function of ship length and loading condition.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: A way is needed to parametrically assess fatigue life. Fatigue is a function of many variables ranging from design and fabrication to operational issues and little work has been done to quantify the relative effects. This work focuses on a narrow problem: fatigue life of bulk carrier side shell frame lower bracket toes. The frame was reduced to a simple two dimensional beam, subject to heave induced inertial and buoyant loads. The ship was assumed to be operating in an ITTC wave spectrum. It was assumed that the speed of advance is zero; the ship was flexible and the seas were from ahead. Boundary conditions were modeled using spring supports and fixity parameters. Fatigue analysis was performed using a hotspot SN approach and Miner's Rule. Results show a rapid decrease in fatigue life for ships greater than 100m. -- A loading parameter was defined to model the difference between homogeneous and alternate hold loading. Results indicate homogeneous hold loading is preferable for ships less than approximately 290m in length and alternate hold loading is preferable for ships greater than 290m in length. This is thought to be because the heave natural frequency tends to be higher than the wave spectrum peak for small ships. Increasing length and unit loading causes a lowering of the heave natural frquency to a value closer to the forcing frequency of the waves for larger ships.


identifier: Nwosu, Daniel Iheanacho <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Nwosu=3ADaniel_Iheanacho=3A=3A.html>   (1993) Fatigue strength analysis of offshore tubular welded joints under constant amplitude loading - local strain and fracture mechanics approach.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

type: Thesis NonPeerReviewed

format: application/pdf application/pdf

abstract: The main components of steel offshore structures, whether fixed or floating, are generally tubular members. Large stress concentrations arise1 due to the abrupt geometric discontinuities at the intersections of these welded tubular members, called joints or nodes. The varying environmental loads acting on these joints cause fatigue crack initiation, growth and their final catastrophic failure. This thesis presents a numerical study of the total fatigue life of offshore tubular welded joints under the action of axial, in-plane and out-of-plane bending loads, using local stress-strain and linear elastic fracture mechanics approaches. The study includes the development of a computer program for the automatic generation of meshes for tubular joints and a contact program for the prevention of crack surface penetration. -- Stress analysis to determine the possible location of the crack initiation op the tubular joint has been carried out using eight noded degenerate isoparametric shell elements. The influence of geometric parameters on the stress distribution around the joint as well as through the joint thickness has been investigated, and the results obtained therein compared  with experimental results: they also have been compared with established parametric equations. Good comparisons have been obtained with the experimental values. -- The local stress-strain approach, using the Mansoii-Coffin rule, is utilized for the study of the crack initiation. Using experimental investigations on crack initiation life of tubular welded T-joints, fatigue strength exponent b and fatigue ductility exponent c have been determined empirically and used to compute crack initiation life of the tubular joints analyzed in this study. -- The weld toe crack influence on the through thickness as d surface stress distribution has been studied using the line spring element in conjunction with the degenerate eight node shell elements to model the crack. The stress intensity factors determined, from this study, were compared with available theoretical studies and found to give good results. -- Using the stress intensity factors obtained from the line spring model, the through-thickness crack propagation lives of the tubular joint under consideration were predicted using Paris crack growth law. The propagation lives for each loading conditions were predicted, on an incremental cycle basis, up to 90% of the chord thickness cracking. The estimated fatigue lives were compared with experimental investigations carried out at Memorial University of Newfoundland St. John's (for axial loading) and University of Waterloo (for in-plane loading) under the Canadian Cooperative Offshore Tubular Joint Program and found to give good results.


identifier: Cheng, Xin <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Cheng=3AXin=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Feature-based motion estimation and motion segmentation.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: With the advancement of multimedia and hypermedia, video sequence segmentation is becoming more and more important. This thesis presents a new paradigm in the field of video sequence segmentation research. This new approach employs a limited number of landmarks to represent image features and segments video sequences into distinct moving objects according to the relation between different kinds of motion. The strength of this approach lies in the fact that the motion computations are performed only on the landmarks. By adjusting the number and positions of the landmarks, the scheme controls the motion estimation and motion segmentation procedure. -- To serve distinct purposes, the scheme uses three different approaches to produce landmarks: the manual mode, the tiling mode, and the automatic mode. For these three modes, the selection of landmarks, motion estimation, clustering, and motion segmentation are applied on standard video sequences. Two new methods for identifying landmarks automatically have been developed and are presented. These methods are compared with typical feature point detectors over different kinds of image pictures, showing that the new methods are more efficient than previous methods. One novel aspect of the scheme is the coupling of automatic landmark identification with motion estimation, producing very accurate motion estimation. -- As an application, bubble tracking for multiphase fluid flow is presented and demonstrated. To validate the scheme, a motion analysis platform has been developed to implement the overall scheme. This platform, with comprehensive functions for motion analysis and image processing, makes a practical contribution to video analysis.


identifier: Stacey, Kathleen <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Stacey=3AKathleen=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Finding voice : forty-five years of struggle to keep a community school.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The school in the small outport community of Lawn, on the Burin Peninsula in the Province of Newfoundland and Labrador, has been an integral part of the community, and the community of the school, since its earliest inception, however, several efforts at school consolidation by a series of school authorities have created a fundamental battle ground for community residents. Since 1956, at which time the high school students from Lawn were bussed thirteen kilometers to St Lawrence, there has been an ongoing community struggle to preserve the Lawn K - 12 school system. This thesis tells the multi-layered story of a small community's struggle to save its school with a particular focus on the reasons for the passion which motivated it. -- After the introduction, and a preliminary overview of the academic literature of small schools in Chapter Two, the chapters of this thesis are arranged chronologically to narrate the Lawn school story over its entire history with a focus on the critical periods and the major conflictual events. Chapters Three, Four, and Five are each divided into six sections which depict, sequentially, the multiple layers of the story: the historical landscape of education in the Province of Newfoundland and Labrador, the local situation in Lawn, the public version of the school authority story, the Lawn residents' story, the author's personal school story, and finally the narrative researcher's reflections and ruminations of the multiple layers of each chapter. This pattern of development continues until Chapter Six when the Lawn residents' story begins to merge with the school board story and are told in unison, and consequently, only five sections are developed in this chapter.  Chapter Seven tells the author's journey of becoming a narrative researcher and learning a narrative methodology.


identifier: Smith, Paul M. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Smith=3APaul_M=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Finite element analysis of the human femur : a validation study.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: To facilitate improvement of hip replacement components and techniques, it is desirable to obtain calculated strains for typical loads that are accurate in an absolute sense. Finite element methods have traditionally been applied for this purpose, but in general results have proved useful only in a relative sense. This thesis outlines a semi automated finite element modeling method that accounts for both specific geometry and material properties of the femur under study and makes use of computer tomography, and in-house designed modeling methods. In-house methods and software is used to convert raw computer tomography data into a finite element model with relatively little user intervention. To validate the modeling, calculated strains are compared to measured strains obtained from mechanical tests, which have also been carried out as part of this research. The mechanical testing is conducted under controlled environmental conditions which is a desirable feature. As well, material properties of the femur are experimentally investigated in a novel fashion that circumvents precision machining of the samples.


identifier: Yuan, Qizhong <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Yuan=3AQizhong=3A=3A.html>   (1998) Finite element analysis of the plastic buckling of a cantilever beam.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Finite element analysis offers a general plastic buckling solution of structures by employing a nonlinear static plastic analysis with gradually increasing loads to seek the load level at which the structure becomes unstable. Nonlinear plastic finite element analysis requires inclusion of geometric nonlinearities and material nonlinearities in the model. Geometric nonlinearities refer to the nonlinearities in the structure due to changing geometry as it deflects. There are two kinds of geometric nonlinearities concerned in plastic buckling analysis, large strain and large deflection. On the present work, Newton-Raphson procedure, a process to solve the nonlinear equations by increasing load in several steps and iterative computation to reach the convergence criteria, is applied for the plastic buckling analysis. -- A general model for rectangular cross section cantilever beams is presented, which flexibly defines the material property and dimensions of a cantilever beam. Overall behavior of the beam is studied by combining analytical methods for elastic buckling analysis and finite element analysis for plastic buckling analysis. Two non-dimensional parameter ratios of thickness by length t/l and ratio of height by thickness h/t are used to evaluate the overall behavior of a cantilever beam. The two boundaries of elastic buckling and yielding, and plastic buckling and collapse are also investigated.


identifier: Deacu, Daniel <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Deacu=3ADaniel=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Finite element solution of the two-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with Coriolis force.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: A finite-element-based numerical algorithm is developed to solve the two-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with Coriolis force, which can be used to simulate the wind-driven barotropic ocean circulation on a beta-plane. The spatial discretization is performed via the standard Galerkin Finite Element Method, by using the classical isoparametric Taylor-Hood serendipity quadrilateral finite element. A variant of the Crank-Nicolson rule is employed for the temporal discretization, and the Picard iteration method deals with the nonlinearity of the advective terms. In an effort to remain faithful to the standard Galerkin Finite Element Method, the consistent mass matrix is used instead of the lumped mass matrix, and least-square best fits are calculated for the quantities derived in the postprocessing phase. The algorithm has been implemented into a program and successfully tested on three benchmark problems, flow past a cylinder, flow over a backward facing step, and mid-latitude wind-driven barotropic ocean circulation for an idealized flat-bottomed ocean.


identifier: Casey, Jill M. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Casey=3AJill_M=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Fish community changes in an exploited marine ecosystem : Newfoundland Southern Grand Bank and St. Pierre Bank, 1951-1995.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Longterm fish community changes on southern Grand and St. Pierre Banks were examined from dedicated research survey trawls conducted by the Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans from 1951-1995. These time series pre-date the arrival of factory-freezer-trawlers in the 1960's and 1970's. and thus provide insight into changes in the biomass and diversity of an exploited system. The time series were standardized by applying conversion factors for changes in vessel, diel changes in catchability, and relative catchability of selected species. Total biomass in the 1990's was reduced to 11% and 9% of that observed in the 1950's on southern Grand Bank and St. Pierre Bank, respectively, and largely resulted from the decline of the haddock population. Compensatory responses to this decline were visible with the flatfish on southern Grand Bank and skate on St. Pierre Bank but continued fisheries for flatfish and bycatch of skate ensured that total species biomass would remain at low levels. This study shows the importance of examining data on as long a time-scale as possible. Failure to examine such historical data has resulted in the largest skate in the northwest Atlantic, the barndoor skate, being driven to near extinction without anyone noticing.


identifier: Parsons, Carl Philip <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Parsons=3ACarl_Philip=3A=3A.html>   (1998) Fishing vessel replacement regulations in the Newfoundland fishery : implications for the future.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Since the collapse of the Northern Cod stock and the moratorium on July 2nd, 1992, considerable changes have taken place which have substantially altered the face of the traditional Newfoundland fishing industry. A diversification into other species, particularly shellfish, has resulted in lucrative returns to the fishing industry. -- This study poses two questions. First, are the administrative regulations of the past governing the maximum vessel length, appropriate in today's fishery? Second, while the economic return in recent times have exceeded that of the pre-moratorium fishery, can the Newfoundland fishing industry, with its existing fleet structure, be said to have reached its maximum economic potential? -- This study argues that the conditions under which the maximum length regulations were established, no longer prevail. On the basis of the literature reviewed and the evidence presented in this study, the regulations appear outdated and may well prevent the rationalization of the structure of the fishing fleet necessary for the fishery to reach its economic potential. -- On the issue of safety there appears to be a trend in the number of accidents and the movement further offshore to harvest new locations. There also appears to be a persistent trend in the lower value of return for the same products from Newfoundland when compared to the other Eastern Canadian Provinces. -- The fishing industry has been the primary activity that provided the original basis for the economic development of Newfoundland. Since confederation it has been argued that the longliners acquired by Newfoundland fishermen are too small. As the next century approaches, a new vessel replacement policy, which recognizes a vessel design that allows inshore fishermen to harvest resources out to and beyond the 200 mile Exclusive Economic Zone, should be considered. The main conclusion is that with clearly defined management principles in place and an evolving movement towards output controls, the maximum length restriction as an input control belongs in the past.


identifier: Armono, Haryo Dwito,1968- <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Armono=3AHaryo_Dwito,1968-=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Flow field around single and multiple hollow hemispherical artificial reefs used for fish habitat.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The term artificial reefs is being used by many researchers to refer to a variety of submerged structures. These structures are widely used to reduce the wave energy as well as to provide a safe and productive environment for fish. Hydraulic properties of artificial reefs made with hollow hemispherical shaped balls are presented in this study. The hydraulic parameters such as wave heights, particle velocities, fluid flows, wave breaking and dissipation of wave energy in the vicinity of reefs are investigated using Finite Volume methods. The study considers two-dimensional and three-dimensional fluid motion over an artificial reef constructed with one or more reef units. -- As water moves through the reefs, the incoming wave energy is dissipated by turbulence; furthermore, pressure waves, which can be detected by fish, are produced as water exits through the holes on the top and sides of the hemispherical balls. Turbulent water, which exits/enters through the holes on the top and sides, moves upward/downward and modifies the incoming/outgoing wave field. This movement of water is found to be effective in attracting fish swimming near the sea surface. It was also confirmed that the water velocities decrease considerably within the reef facilitating the attachment of marine organisms and their subsequent growth. -- In the two-dimensional model, use of reefs with less than six units does not seem to reduce the wave height, significantly. However, use of a 12 unit reef seems to reduce the wave climate inside the basin, considerably. Provision of proper reefs placement provides a conducive environment and suitable locations wherein the fish can congregate and spawn; in addition it also provides areas wherein the benthic diatoms and seaweed spores can develop and grow. -- It was observed in three dimensional model that the energy dissipation was not due to the breaking of waves as observed in the two dimensional model, but due to the flow separation occuring at the crest and around the reefs. Therefore, the wider the crest of the reef within one or two wave lengths will result in more wave energy dissipated. Numerical studies by Tsujimoto, et. al (1999) as well as field observations by Ohnaka and Yoshizawa (1994) have confirmed the results of three-dimensional model presented here.


identifier: Whiteway, Sandra <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Whiteway=3ASandra=3A=3A.html>   (1997) Evaluation of preservative methods for lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) Caviar.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Lumpfish caviar was prepared using various preservation techniques including pasteurization, temperature control, and chemical additives. A shelf-life study was conducted on the various caviare samples during which microbial quality and proximate analyses was examined. The chemical composition was found to be similar to that of other commercial brands. The microbial quality indicated that the roe used for production of the finished caviare product may have been of poor quality. The lumpfish caviare was found to be free of most food borne pathogens. The predominant bacteria isolated was a gram positive cocci (~95%) which is probably a Staphylococcus species. -- The average pH of the caviare was 5.9 and the chemical additives had limited effectiveness at this pH. Pasteurization was found to produce a poor aesthetical product which may be attributed to the raw product quality. Refrigeration was acceptable as a preservation technique for a limited period. Combination preservation techniques may offer the best method for extending the shelf-life of caviare while maintaining microbial quality and chemical stability.


identifier: Power, Stephen Patrick <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Power=3AStephen_Patrick=3A=3A.html>   (1997) Paper folio one : Constructivism defined and implications for the classroom. Paper folio two : Constructivism in mathematics education as exemplified by the NCTM Standards. Paper folio three : Problem-solving in technology education as a model of constructivism.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Paper Folio One: Constructivism Defined and Implications for the Classroom -- Paper folio one deals with the notions of constructivism as a theory of teaching and learning in education. The focus for the paper was to establish an historical perspective on the theory of constructivism, and several prominent constructivist authors are highlighted in that regard. Constructivism was a radical shift away from the older theories of behaviorism and positivism, and this shift was also explored. As well, constructivism was defined, and the implications that a theory such as constructivism has had and will have on practice are discussed. The implications that constructivism has on the classroom, including the teacher, student, and curriculum are explained. Also, as with any theory of education, their exists some criticisms of constructivism, which have to be considered as legitimate in light of the relative importance such a theory has been getting in the research literature over the past number of years. These criticisms have put added responsibility on our education system. Throughout the discussion of constructivism in this paper, a major focus will be to look at what this means for a classroom filled with children and a teacher, for the real significance of any theory lies in how it gets lived out in practice. -- Paper Folio Two: Constructivism in Mathematics Education as Exemplified by the NCTM Standards -- Paper folio two deals with the notions of constructivism as they apply to mathematics education. A brief history of the mathematical reform movements is given, culminating with the most recent Standards movement. Constructivism has emerged as the underlying theoretical basis of the Standards documents. The theory of constructivism from a mathematical perspective will be explored, but more importantly the implications that such a theory will have on the mathematics classroom will be highlighted. The impact of the standards have been dramatic, in particular on teacher education programs and research endeavours in the field of mathematics education. These impacts will be explored in this paper. Throughout the paper, the argument will be brought forward that amidst this ever- changing society we live in, mathematics education needs to be reformed, and the theory of constructivism can form the basis of that reform. The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) have recognized that need for reform and are well on the way to making it a reality in our mathematics education community. -- Paper Folio Three: Problem-Solving in Technology Education as a Model of Constructivism -- Probably the most dynamic field with our education system today is technology education. This is partly a reflection of the society we live in today, and partly because the field as it exists today is relatively new. The field does have a great deal to offer us, however, in our constant quest to improve the quality of education in our society. Paper folio three looks at technology education as a model for other reform efforts. The key ingredient in all these reform efforts is constructivism. The technology education field will be explored in general terms, but more specifically notions such as technological literacy, technological integration, technological standards, curriculum focus for technology education, and technology's support for reform efforts will be discussed. As well, the problem solving approaches used in technology education will form the basis of our discussion providing the link to constructivism. Constructivists practices, while not preached within the technology education field, certainly exist there, and the technological problem solving approaches are an example of those practices. While few would disagree that technology will play an important role in the future of our education system, the discipline of technology education itself has an uncertain future. The future of technology education as a distinct discipline lies in its ability to establish a strong theoretical basis for its practices. Constructivism could be that basis.


identifier: Birt, T. P. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Birt=3AT=2E_P=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1990) Evidence for genetically distinct sympatric populations of anadromous and nonanadromous Atlantic salmon, Salmo salvar.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study investigated the genetic relationship between sympatric anadromous and nonanadromous Atlantic salmon in the Gambo River system, eastern Newfoundland. Both forms were cultured in the laboratory and seasonal patterns of development were monitored and compared. Growth rates were not different during most of the first year of life, however smolting anadromous salmon (1+) grew more rapidly than nonanadromous salmon for several weeks prior to the time of seaward migration. Several other physiological parameters associated with the parr-smolt transformation were measured; no difference was noted in seasonal profiles of total body moisture, condition factor or plasma Na⁺ and Cl⁻ concentrations. Both groups exhibited increasing levels of integumentary silvering during the late winter and early spring although this pattern was more marked among the anadromous group. Gill Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase activity increased over the same period in both groups, however mean activities among the nonanadromous salmon were consistently lower. Similarly, anadromous salmon displayed more, and larger chloride cells in the gill epithelium as revealed by light microscopy. Salinity tolerance was well developed in both forms in April and June despite differences in chloride cell abundance and Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase activity. Sexual maturation did not occur among female postsmolts of  either group nor among male anadromous postsmolts when cultured in freshwater and seawater.  Most male nonanadromous salmon did mature as ‘postsmolts’. -- Mitochondrial DNA variation was also examined among wild salmon of both forms using restriction enzymes. The Atlantic salmon mitochondrial genome contains approximately 16,700 bp. No evidence was found for either length polymorphism or sequence heteroplasmy. Variable restriction fragment patterns were generated by five of eighteen enzymes; all variants could be accounted for by single base pair substitutions. Four distinct mitochondrial DNA genotypes were found. Pairwise sequence divergence estimates among genotypes range from 0.2 - 1.0 percent. Significant genotype frequency differences were observed among the two forms. -- Results of this study are consistent with the hypothesis that anadromous and nonanadromous salmon in the Gambo River system represent genetically distinct reproductive units. Reproductive isolation is supported by the observation that the two forms use different spawning sites and that spawning times differ to some extent. Until further research is done to verify these observations it would be prudent to manage the two forms in this system (and possibly others as well) as separate stocks.


identifier: Bull, Peter Allan <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Bull=3APeter_Allan=3A=3A.html>   (1997) Expectancy-value theory as a tool in resource analysis and management : a study of the motivations of salmon anglers on the Salmonier River.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: With the increasing popularity of recreational angling in Newfoundland and Labrador, a need to better understand both the biophysical and human components of this fishery has been identified. To exclude the human dimension will undoubtedly lead to future conflicts. This study examined human dimensions associated with salmon anglers on the Salmonier River. It then explored how this dimension can be used for bettering the management of the Salmonier River. -- To fully understand anglers, the motivations of the angler must be investigated. This study explored two components of angler motivation: importance of selected incentives for angling and the expectancy of obtaining these incentives. These components were combined using expectancy-value theory to obtain a better picture of the motivations of Salmonier River salmon anglers. Along with motivation, the behaviours of the anglers, and their attitudes toward selected management options are needed to improve management in recreational angling. These issues were also investigated in this study. -- A self-administered mail-back questionnaire was handed to anglers at selected intercept sites on the Salmonier River. This questionnaire was used to elicit responses to motivational, behavioural and attitudinal statements concerning salmon angling on the Salmonier River. A response rate of 77.4 percent (n=397) was attained. -- Using expectancy-value theory, anglers were categorized as either primarily catch motivated (33 percent of respondents), or primarily non-catch motivated (67 percent of respondents), depending on their motivation scores.  Results showed that anglers who had higher catch motivated scores: were statistically more likely to fish sections of the Salmonier River offering good salmon pools; fished for salmon more days during the season; and were less opposed to development along the Salmonier River, than non-catch motivated anglers. Catch and release angling was opposed by a majority of both motivational groups. -- Implications from this study are that sections of a river can be managed to maximize the satisfaction of anglers, and minimize any potential conflict resulting from management decisions. The differences existing between sections suggest that traditional blanket approaches to management will not be as successful as section specific management. As fish populations fluctuate and interest continues to grow in the sport of salmon angling, there will be a need to perform follow up studies on the Salmonier River. It is recommended that longitudinal research and monitoring take place to ensure the best management for both the salmon and the anglers of the Salmonier River.


identifier: Chronopoulou, Efthalia <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Chronopoulou=3AEfthalia=3A=3A.html>   (1995) Experimental autoimmune thyroiditis induced in mice by defined non-dominant thyroglobulin T-cell epitopes.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT) in mice induced by thyroglobulin (Tg) and adjuvant has been studied as a model for Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The disease is MHC-controlled and T-cell mediated but little is known about the nature and the number of immunopathogenic Tg T-cell epitopes. In this study, we attempted to define such epitopes by testing Tg sequences, previously identified as potential T-cell epitopes through the AMPHI and "tetramer motif" algorithms, in various strains of mice for both immunogenicity and pathogenicity. From the three synthetic Tg peptides tested two sequences, TgP1 and TgP2, were found to be pathogenic in classical high responder (H-2k and/or H-2S) mice. The third sequence, TgP3, was not pathogenic in mice of k,b,d,s haplotypes. All three sequences were immunogenic in mice because they induced peptide-specific antibodies and/or T cells which were strain dependent. TgP1 and TgP2 were shown to encompass non-dominant determinant(s) at both B- and T-cell levels. Similarly, TgP3 was found to involve non-dominant B-cell epitope(s) although its ability to be recognized by T cells was never tested. EAT induction with defined Tg T-cell epitopes constitutes a system where the fine mechanisms leading to thyroid autoimmunity can be extensively studied at both cellular and molecular levels. In an approach to study these mechanisms using defined Tg peptides, we attempted to map the H-2 region(s) responsible for EAT induction by TgP1. As in Tg-induced EAT, TgP1-induced EAT was shown to be under the direct control of MHC-region products and to follow a pattern similar to Tg disease susceptibility. However, within the k haplotype, expression of H-2E but not H-2A molecules was necessary for EAT induction, Moreover, TgP1 was shown to elicit IgG specific antibodies which were reactive to purified Tg in vitro and Tg stored in the lumen of normal mouse thyroids. This finding may imply involvement of TgP1-specific IgG in EAT pathogenicity although such involvement has not been further investigated in this study. In summary, the application of algorithms for prediction of Tg T cell-reactive sites was proved to be successful and reliable. Defined immunopathogenic Tg T-cell epitopes can be used as tools to study immunoregulation in autoimmunity and to design specific immunotherapeutic strategies.


identifier: Tremblay, Robin Lee <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Tremblay=3ARobin_Lee=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Expression and characterisation of a gene encoding RbpD, an RNA-Binding protein in Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The RNA-binding protein RbpD, from the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. Strain PCC 7120 was expressed in Escherichia coli and successfully purified using the IMPACT I system (New England Biolabs). The rbpD gene was cloned into the pCYBl expression vector by using polymerase chain reaction to introduce Ndel and Sapl restriction sites at the 5' end 3' ends of the gene respectively. The 3'-end mutagenesis also changed the stop codon into a cysteine codon. The resulting gene encoded a fusion protein consisting of RbpD, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae VMA intein and a chitin binding domain. Expression of the fusion protein was observed in E. coli strain MCI 061 but Western blot analysis using an intein-directed antibody indicated that significant in vivo intein-directed splicing of the fusion protein occurred. We were unable to eliminate this problem; no fusion protein expression was observed in 8 other E. coli strains tested. Wild-type RbpD was purified following binding of the fusion protein to a chitin column and overnight cleavage in the presence of a reducing agent, dithiothreitol. A number of modifications to the manufacturer's purification protocol were found to be necessary for successful purification. The NaCl concentration in the cleavage and elution buffer was increased from 50 mM to 500 mM to eliminate problems of RbpD solubility. An increase in the dithiothreitol concentration of the cleavage buffer from 30 mM to 50 mM was required for full cleavage. -- A modified form of RbpD containing an hexa-histidine tag in loop 3 of the RNA recognition motif, RbpDl, was also successfully purified. The rbpDl gene, previously constructed by Cynthia Slade, was cloned into the pTRC99A expression vector. An Ncol site was introduced at the 5'-end of the gene using site-directed mutagenesis. This modification also changed the second codon of the gene from serine to alanine. The RbpDl protein was expressed in E. coli strain BL21(DE3)pLysS following induction with IPTG and purified using a nickel-NTA agarose affinity column. The protein was eluted with 100 mM imidazole and appeared to be pure upon analysis using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. -- The RNA-binding activity of RbpD and RbpDl were first determined using Sepharose-4B-, polyacrylhydrazido-agarose-, or agarose-bound RNA homopolymers. Both proteins bound strongly to poly(U), less strongly to poly(G), weakly to poly(A), and not at all to poly(C). This pattern is consistent with that observed for other cyanobacterial RNA-binding proteins. There was no apparent difference in the binding affinities of RbpD and RbpDl indicating that the presence of the 6x-histidine tag had no effect. Experiments to detect binding between RbpD and a conserved sequence element in the 5'- untranslated region of rbpD using both electrophoretic mobility shift assays and nitrocellulose filter binding were unsuccessful. Similarly, attempts to detect binding between RbpD and size-fractionated radioactively labelled poly(U) by electrophoretic mobility shift assays were unsuccessful. Two SELEX experiments were also unsuccessful. In both cases, no increase in specific binding over background was detected through four rounds of selection.


identifier: Warren, Sylvia Renee <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Warren=3ASylvia_Renee=3A=3A.html>   (1998) Factors associated with the cessation of exclusive breastfeeding among a select group of Newfoundland mothers.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with the cessation of exclusive breastfeeding among a select group of Newfoundland mothers. This was accomplished through a secondary analysis of a comprehensive study of infant feeding practices in Newfoundland and Labrador during the first six months of life. -- A subset of the randomly selected sample from the primary investigation was chosen. It consisted of 265 Newfoundland mothers who were exclusively breastfeeding their infants at hospital discharge. In the primary investigation, data were collected prospectively during four structured interviews. Two questionnaires were used for data collection. -- Descriptive statistics and the chi-square test were used to analyze the data. Results showed that at one month 36.2% of the mothers had discontinued exclusive breastfeeding. This percentage increased to 61.1% at four months, and to 72.4% at six months. The first week postpartum was the most common time reported for the cessation of exclusive breastfeeding, with 13.2% of mothers discontinuing at this time. At one month most mothers ceased exclusive breastfeeding because of difficulties with this method of feeding, because the baby was not satisfied with breastmilk, or to supplement and get a break. At four and six months the majority of mothers discontinued exclusive breastfeeding because they were returning to work, school, or university. Significant relationships between the duration of exclusive breastfeeding and selected factors were identified when four different subgroups of women were compared. These were women who discontinued exclusive breastfeeding in the early, intermediate, and later postpartum period, and those who continued exclusive breastfeeding beyond six months. Significant factors included maternal age, education, living status, income, infant birth weight, introducing the infant to solid food at four and six months, previous experience with breastfeeding, and having had a prenatal discussion about infant feeding methods with one's mother, sister, or the public health nurse. -- Findings revealed that most Newfoundland mothers discontinued exclusive breastfeeding long before the recommended time, and that the first month postpartum was especially difficult for mothers. Results can be used to target areas for future nursing intervention.


identifier: May, George Robert <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/May=3AGeorge_Robert=3A=3A.html>   (1975) Factors related to the post-secondary choices of high school graduates from the Burin peninsula.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The primary concern of this study was to compare selected family, school, and personal characteristics of high, school graduates from the Burin Peninsula who were attending vocational school with the same characteristics of those graduates who were attending Memorial University and those who were not attending any post-secondary institution. Further the study compared how the graduates who were attending vocational school differed from those who were attending Memorial University on the importance of selected proximal influences in making their post-secondary; decisions. -- The population consisted of 182 1973/74 high school graduates from the Burin Peninsula who were either attending vocational school, Memorial University, or not attending any post-secondary institution. Data pertinent to family, school, and personal backgrounds were obtained from the Committee on, 1973 Enrollment, Memorial University. -- The analysis revealed that students who were attending vocational school had mothers  and fathers with fewer years of  schooling,  and fathers with lower occupational status than did fathers and mothers of students who were attending Memorial University. .However, on the above factors, the parents of vocational students were significantly better educated than the parents of nonattenders. --  On school related factors,  a significantly higher percentage of Memorial University students came from the academic high school program, and perceived themselves as knowing more about the courses of study,  costs and entrance requirements at Memorial University than did the vocational  group and. the nonattenders.   On the other hand, a significantly higher percentage of the vocational group came from the academic high school program than did nonattenders. The vocational students also perceived themselves as knowing more about the courses of study, costs, and entrance requirements at vocational  school and gave a significantly higher positive assessment of the social environment at vocational school than did the Memorial University group and the nonattenders. -- On the personal related factors, vocational students had significantly lower aspiration, expectations, and self concept of ability than did the Memorial University students. Yet, the vocational students on the above factors were significantly higher than the nonattenders. -- It was also found that vocational students perceived the school being close to home, being paid to attend, the shorter training period, being able to find accommodation  with relatives, or friends,  and the information provided by post-secondary personnel as significantly more important factors than did Memorial University students. -- The implications of the study are clear. If we, as educational administrators are to give proper carreer guidance to our high school students on the Burin Peninsula, then we must be fully cognizant of the environmental forces at work in their decision making.


identifier: Mercer, Michele E. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Mercer=3AMichele_E=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1994) The effects of palatable ingesta on the perception of thermally- and mechanically-induced experimental pain.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Previous studies with animals and human infants have found that the ingestion of palatable sweet solutions produces a morphine-like analgesia (e.g., Blass, 1986; Blass & Hoffmeyer, 1991).  This "sweet-induced analgesia" can be reversed by minimal doses of naltrexone, an opioid antagonist, suggesting that sweets operate through an endogenous opioid system (e.g., Blass, Fitzgerald, & Kehoe, 1987).  This thesis investigated whether sweet-induced analgesia occurs in human adults.  In the present experiments, subjects (330 university undergraduates) were exposed to cold water (Expt.l), pressure (Expts. 2a-2c), or contact heat (Expts. 3a-3b) and then assessed for pain sensitivity.  Subjects then consumed either nothing (control group), or foods that they rated previously as unpalatable (e.g., black olives), neutral (e.g., rice cakes), or palatable (e.g., chocolate-chip cookies).  Following a brief delay (approx. 5 min) , subjects were exposed a second time to the cold water, pressure, or contact heat and again assessed for pain sensitivity.  Pain sensitivity was assessed with four pain measures: pain threshold, pain tolerance, and visual analogue scale (VAS) ratings of painintensity and unpleasantness. Tactile thresholds were also measured before and after treatment.  Results showed that sweet palatable foods appeared to produce significant increases in females' pain tolerance to contact heat and to pressure.  However, pain thresholds, VAS measures, and tactile thresholds were not consistently affected by sweet intake.  Gender differences in pain perception were also present; females reported lower pain thresholds and pain tolerances and rated the pain as more intense and more unpleasant than did males. -- These data constitute the first demonstration that sweet-induced analgesia occurs in human adults.  Sweet induced-analgesia is thought to operate through an endogenous opioid system whereby sweet consumption causes the release of opioids into the CNS, resulting in pain-inhibition.  However, the present results also indicate that this sweet-induced analgesia is influenced by a number of factors, including the method of pain induction, the type of pain measure, and the gender of the subjects.  Moreover, the palatability of the ingesta seems to be a critical factor in producing analgesia.  Collectively, the present results suggest that a more accurate label for sweet-induced analgesia may be "palatability-induced analgesia".


identifier: Chapman, Tanya <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Chapman=3ATanya=3A=3A.html>   (1997) The effects of the fishery crisis on the domestic division of labour in Trepassey, Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The objective of this thesis is to examine the effects of the fishery crisis on the domestic division of labour in a fishing community in Newfoundland, Canada. More specifically, this research will examine how the crisis affected the amount of time people spent on household tasks and the kind of tasks that they performed. Following a materialist perspective, the study focuses on how the loss of paid employment in the public sphere impacted upon unpaid domestic labour in the private sphere. -- Information for this thesis is based on personal interviews and observations earned out in Trepassey, Newfoundland. Interviews were conducted with 36 fishery people (12 female plant workers, 12 male plant workers and 12 offshore fishermen) to determine how the fishery crisis affected their involvement in domestic labour. -- The findings suggest that the fishery crisis resulted in changes in the domestic division of labour in fishery family households. On average, fishery people spent more time on domestic labour and performed more domestic tasks since the fishery closures. The changes, however, affected female plant workers differently than the male plant workers and offshore fishermen. Among female plant workers, womens' increased responsibility for domestic labour resulted in a more segregated domestic division of labour. Since womens’ loss of paid employment in the public sphere, most of their male partners relinquished some of their responsibilities in the private sphere, especially with respect to routine housework and child care. On the other hand, among the male plant workers and offshore fishermen affected by the crisis, mens’  increased responsibility for domestic labour resulted in a less segregated domestic division of labour. While fishery men contributed more to domestic labour since the closures, there was only a few exceptional cases where these men contributed equally with their female partners. That is, despite the changes discussed throughout this thesis, the fundamental gender-based division of domestic labour continues to exist. -- These findings suggest that further research needs to be earned out on the social impacts of the fishery crisis on fishery family households. That is, if the crisis has affected the domestic division of labour, then there are probably other social issues, such as the incidence of domestic violence and alcoholism, that need to be addressed to minimize the negative effects of the fishery crisis on the social lives of fishery people.


identifier: Hutchings, Jeffrey Alexander <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Hutchings=3AJeffrey_Alexander=3A=3A.html>   (1990) The evolutionary significance of life history divergence among brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, populations.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: I combined field studies, laboratory experiments, and empirically-based model simulations to study life history variation among seven populations of brook trout, Salveli nus fontinalis, on Cape Race, Newfoundland.  My objectives were to describe population variation in life history on a small geographical scale, to identify the environmental factor(s) responsible for effecting inter- and intra-population life history differences, and to assess the evolutionary significance of the observed variation through empirical tests of life history theory. -- There were significant population differences in life history.  Growth rate differed 2-fold between the most divergent populations.  Among populations, the slowest growing females 1) matured at an early median age at the smallest mean size relative to the fastest growing females (3 yr, 99.8 mm versus 5 yr, 164.1 mm), 2) produced the largest eggs (4.43 mm vs. 4.01 mm), 3) had the highest size-specific fecundity, and 4) allocated proportionately the most body tissue to gonads. -- Estimates of offspring and maternal fitness depended on egg size, the trade-off between egg size and egg number, and juvenile food abundance.  Egg diameter was positively correlated with embryonic and juvenile size but had no significant effect on embryonic survival or developmental time in laboratory reared fish.  Juvenile survival was linearly related to egg size throughout the first 50 days of exogenous feeding at high and low food levels.  Reduced food increased mortality significantly among the smallest eggs but not among the largest eggs.  Empirically-based simulations 1) supported the hypothesis that environments with low food abundance select for increased offspring size, and 2) indicated that unpredictable, temporally heterogenous environments favour constant, rather than variable, investment in offspring size. -- There are costs of present reproduction to future survival in brook trout and these costs vary among populations.  For a given reproductive effort, reductions in both size at maturity and resource abundance appear to increase reproductive costs.  These costs appear to have a physiological basis:  allocation of lipids to gonad production and their subsequent loss during autumnal reproduction decreases the fat stores available to meet energetic demands during winter.  Reproductive costs and reproductive effort are related in a concave-shaped function that can account for the evolution of alternative expenditures of reproductive effort in brook trout. -- Population differences in brook trout life history can be explained as adaptive responses to differences in growth rate effected primarily by differences in food abundance. Reduced growth results in high reproductive investment near the physiologically minimum size at maturity.  Individual life history traits appear to be consequences of the survival and fecundity costs associated with differential size- and age-specific reproductive investment.


identifier: Fogt, Lisa Mae <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Fogt=3ALisa_Mae=3A=3A.html>   (1998) The excavation and analysis of a Dorset palaeoeskimo dwelling at Cape Ray, Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The first season of fieldwork from the Cape Ray Archaeology Project resulted in the discovery of a Dorset Palaeoeskimo dwelling, dating between approximately 1600 and 1400 years B.P. (before present). Prior to the discovery of this dwelling, the only area in Newfoundland to have produced clear evidence for a Dorset dwelling was at Port au Choix. The purpose of this thesis is threefold: 1) to describe the Dorset dwelling at Cape Ray; 2) to place the dwelling in the context of other Palaeoeskimo dwellings in the Arctic and Newfoundland; and 3) to place the dwelling in the context of site function at Cape Ray.


identifier: Nugent, Patricia M. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Nugent=3APatricia_M=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1999) The experiences of women participants and resource mothers with the Healthy Baby Club model of prenatal support.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Background    Low birth weight (LB W) is a major public health issue and challenge today; The Canadian Institute of Child Health (1993) indicates that 17% of all infants born worldwide are of low birth weight. In 1995 Canada reported that 5.7% of all births were of LBW while Newfoundland and Labrador's rate was 5.5%. The cause of LBW is multi-factorial and some contributing factors for example smoking and nutrition are modifiable. Early entry and length of participation in prenatal programs are also key factors. Traditional prenatal programs have failed to meet the needs of vulnerable women and their families. The Healthy Baby Club Model of Prenatal Support was developed and implemented in Newfoundland and Labrador to meet the identified needs of these vulnerable pregnant women, to increase the length of prenatal care by reducing barriers to participation and, ultimately, to reduce the rate of LBW. -- Aim    Satisfying experiences of women participants in the program will likely increase compliance with both prenatal and postnatal care. This study was undertaken to describe the experiences of women participants and resource mothers with the Healthy Baby Clubs in Newfoundland based on an integration of health promotion and population health theoretical frameworks. -- Methods    This was a descriptive study using 48 women participants and 11 resource mothers for the study period yielding a total of 59 participants. Data collection took place between December 1997 and June 1998 and involved site visits to the nine Healthy Baby Clubs across the Province of Newfoundland and Labrador. Two structured interview questionnaires were developed by the investigator: (1) Survey of Women Participants in the HBC which consisted of 41 questions and, (2) Survey of Resource Mothers in the HBC that included 37 questions. Each questionnaire took approximately 35 minutes to administer and captured both quantitative and qualitative data. Personal interviews were carried out with the women participants (n=48) who participated in the Healthy Baby Club during pregnancy and the resource mothers (n=l1) who supported these women. Transcripts from the interviews were analyzed for frequencies, proportions and recurrent themes. -- Results     The personal "face-to-face" interviews with resource mothers and the women participants of the Healthy Baby Club Prenatal Support Program revealed that being in the program was an enjoyable and satisfying experience. For both groups there were many benefits both personally and for the community through "spin-offs" of this program. These included enhanced self-esteem and self-confidence, improved decision making and assertiveness skills, as well as increased knowledge and empowerment. -- Conclusion    This community-based, holistic model of prenatal support, the Healthy Baby Club using the resource mother concept, has many positive aspects which include the promotion of healthier pregnancies through improved lifestyle practices which result in healthier babies, improved access to prenatal services, community engagement and greater self-esteem and self-confidence of participants. -- Key Words    low birth weight; vulnerable; prenatal; prevention; health promotion; population health; modifiable risk factors; community-based interventions; prenatal support; Healthy Baby Club Model; resource mother


identifier: Gilroy, Daniel A. G. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Gilroy=3ADaniel_A=2E_G=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2001) The Genesis and ecology debate.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

title: The Genesis and ecology debate

abstract: This thesis provides a critique of representative authors in "the Genesis and ecology debate," which began with the 1967 publication of Lynn White's "The Historical Roots of our Ecologic Crisis," and continued among authors from various fields who discussed the creation texts in Genesis 1 to 3 and their relevance to modern-day ecological concerns. It also demonstrates White's influence on Christianity's understanding of ecological matters, and reveals that the Genesis and ecology debate was not merely about the interpretation of certain biblical texts, but about Christianity and its relevance to the current ecological situation. -- Chapter 1 introduces the Genesis and ecology debate and defines the parameters of the thesis. Chapter 2 discusses authors in the debate who are neither biblical scholars nor theologians, and whose professional interests would normally be considered outside of the exegetical arena. Chapter 3 deals with biblical scholars who have philological and textual expertise, and who also have some understanding of environmental matters. Chapter 4 examines the writings of Christian theologians who attempt to relate the biblical creation stories to the contemporary ecological situation. Chapter 5 summarizes and concludes the study. The Appendix outlines poet Daniel Quinn's contribution to the Genesis and ecology debate.


identifier: Riaz, Mohsin <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Riaz=3AMohsin=3A=3A.html>   (1999) The hardware implementation of private-key block ciphers.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in the U.S. has initiated a process to develop a Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) for an Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) [1], to become the standard for private-key block encryption. The new encryption algorithm will be based on a 128-bit block size and the key size can be 128, 192, or 256 bits. AES will be a replacement for the Data Encryption Standard (DES) [2] which is based on a 64-bit block size and has a 56-bit key. In this regard, the agency has accepted candidate algorithm nominations for AES. -- One of the important evaluation criteria concerns the efficiency of the private-key block cipher from the hardware implementation perspective . RC6 [3] and CAST-256 [4] are among the fifteen candidate algorithms that have been accepted in the first round of the AES development phase. This thesis investigates the efficiency of these two AES candidates from the hardware implementation perspective with Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) as the target technology. -- Our analysis and synthesis studies of both the ciphers suggest it would be desirable for FPGA implementations to have a simpler cipher design that makes use of simpler operations that not only possess good cryptographic properties, but also make the overall cipher design efficient from the hardware implementation perspective. As a result, the thesis also proposes a new private-key block cipher design that, not only is very efficient as far as its implementation in FPGAs is concerned, but at the same time is secure against the two most potent attacks that have been applied to block ciphers, namely, differential and linear cryptanalysis.


identifier: Morgan, Natalie D. G. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Morgan=3ANatalie_D=2E_G=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2002) The impact of health care reforms on community health nurses' attitudes.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: A descriptive correlational design was used to investigate community health nurses' perceptions of the impact of health care reforms and their work-related attitudes and behavioral intentions following a period of regionalization of community health services in Newfoundland and Labrador. The relationships between and among the key study variables (i.e., personal characteristics and staffing issues, perceived impact of reforms, work-related attitudes, and behavioral intentions) were also examined. The Conceptual Model of Behavioral Intentions (CMBI) was used as the framework for this study. -- The sample consisted of 170 community health nurses (i.e., 151 staff nurses and 19 managers) working with regional health and community services boards. A response rate of 52.8% was achieved. The majority of respondents were female (98.2%) and ranged in age from 25 to 57 years, (M¹ = 40.66, SD ± 7.78). Data collection occurred from October to December, 2000 using a mailed- out questionnaire (i.e., Employee Attitudes Survey). -- Study findings indicated that community health nurses were neither totally negative nor positive about the overall impact of health care reforms. Respondents were most negative about the quality of care, emotional climate of the workplace, and safety concerns, and were most positive about the importance of reforms, standards of care, and practice-related issues. Respondents were divided on whether or not they believed that employers had violated psychological contracts, were neither completely satisfied nor dissatisfied with managerial support and interdisciplinary relations since restructuring, were slightly satisfied with their jobs, were slightly committed to their organizations, and were uncertain about whether or not they would stay with current employers. Study findings also demonstrated that community health nurses in management positions were significantly more positive about practice- related issues and standards of care, less likely to perceive psychological contract violations, and more committed to their organizations than staff nurses. -- Study findings provided partial support for the major assumptions of the CMBI. All of the reform impact variables (i.e., importance of reforms, emotional climate, practice-related issues, quality of care, safety concerns, and standards of care) were significantly and positively related to the intervening attitudes (i.e., psychological contract violations, restructuring satisfaction, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment) and behavioral intentions (i.e., intent to stay). As well, all of the intervening attitudes depicted moderate to strong, positive correlations with each other and with behavioral intentions. With the exception of job level (i.e., managers vs. staff nurses), most personal characteristics and staffing issues variables did not influence the intervening attitudes. However, employment status and age were found to influence behavioral intentions. -- Contrary to the causal, linear process proposed by the CMBI, study findings failed to confirm organizational commitment as a key predictor of behavioral intentions. During regression analysis, emotional climate surfaced as the key predictor of behavioral intentions. Also, personal characteristics (i.e., age and employment status) emerged as better predictors of behavioral intentions than some intervening attitudes (i.e., restructuring satisfaction and organizational commitment). More specifically, emotional climate of the workplace, job satisfaction, psychological contract violation, age, and employment status combined to explain 53.4% of the variance in behavioral intentions. Similarly, emotional climate surfaced as the best predictor for all intermediate outcomes (i.e., intervening attitudes), with the exception of restructuring satisfaction. -- The results of this study support some of the findings from previous research and suggest that health care reforms can have both negative and positive consequences for community health nurses, and their work-related attitudes and behavioral intentions. However, due to study limitations, generalizability of the findings to other community health nurse populations is cautioned. There is a need for further investigation in order to develop a greater insight into other factors possibly influencing community health nurses' work- related attitudes and behavioral intentions.


identifier: McGrath, Annette <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/McGrath=3AAnnette=3A=3A.html>   (1998) The influence of business in setting the agenda in education.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This is a critical ethnographic study dealing with the business influence on education in Newfoundland. The economics of education dictates that business play a prominent role. Thus, education has been forced to adapt to changes in the economy and establish closer ties with business and the private sector. This thesis will delve into the relationship between education and business and its subsequent influence on our political, social, cultural, and economic reality. A greater emphasis is now placed on science, business and technology as compared to the arts and humanities which have traditionally played an important role in training the mind. The knowledge/information dichotomy which has emerged is the result of the greater influence of business in the realm of education. Consequences of this relationship will be discussed in reference to the Newfoundland example through an analysis of specific Newfoundland Government Documents, as well as, the responses of prominent members of the Newfoundland business community.


identifier: Parsons, Bruce L. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Parsons=3ABruce_L=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1989) Subcritical crack growth, initiation, and arrest in columnar freshwater and sea ice.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: A study was conducted to determine if slow stable sub-critical crack growth may occur in ice.  The Double Torsion fracture toughness geometry was used to explore this phenomena in first year large grained columnar sea ice, and fine grained freshwater columnar ice.  The sea ice was tested during a field trip to Resolute NWT during April 1987, and the freshwater ice tested in the cold room at the Institute for Marine Dynamics in St. John's Nfld, from July 1987 to Jan 1988. -- No sub-critical crack growth was observed in either type of ice.  All crack growth was abrupt.  In sea ice loading was up to one hour long, and in lab grown ice deadweight loading was applied for five days.  This set the limit below which any sub-critical crack growth may have taken place as approximately 2 x 10⁻⁹ m/s.  Quasi-static loading up to five minutes was also applied, as arrest was more likely after quick loading. -- The fracture toughness of the sea ice was 113± 38 kNm⁻³/², for 0.06 < K < 44 kNm⁻³/²S⁻¹, -20°C < temperature < -14°C; and for the fine grained ice 124 ±38 kNm⁻¹/², 0.7 < K < 85 kNm⁻³/², at -20°C.  The arrest stress intensity factor was 91 ± 28 kNm⁻³/³ for the sea ice and 89±14 kNm⁻³/² for the freshwater ice, rate independent, and similar to the high loading rate, or creep free fracture toughness of the two ices. The instability of all crack growth in ice was argued to be a consequence of the stability of the ice crystal structure against dislocation emission.  The rate dependence of ice toughness is due to the screening of the crack tip by the dislocation mechanism of creep. -- Crack length was not load rate dependent.  It was suggested that the switch of failure mode in ice indentation by structures is a consequence of the rate dependent material properties of ice, possibly the modulus.  A risk analysis, based on the material properties of creep crack growth, and the probability distribution function for ice strength, was shown to be inapplicable to ice.  The arrest stress intensity factor was used to modify the model of indentation in ice, to accommodate this as a new crack length criterion, and to accommodate the stress relief influence of ice micro cracking.


identifier: Fitzgerald, Jennifer <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Fitzgerald=3AJennifer=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Temporal and spatial variability in density, relative condition, gender composition and maturity status of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) parr in the Harry's River drainage system, insular Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Spatial and temporal variability in population densities and relative (length- specific) condition of Adantic salmon parr in Harry's River were examined over the period 1987-1997. Apparent differences in growth allometry (slopes from log weight: log forklength regression) among sites and years were attributable to variability in stomach contents of the smaller fish and to sex and maturity status of the largest fish. Pooling of all weight: length data permitted identification of significant differences in relative condition factors (weight: length regression intercepts for specific sites/years) among all sites and years. No significant correlations were found between site-specific relative condition and parr density, food availability or physical habitat factors. The lack of correlation may be due to differences in the scale of the prey measurements versus parr feeding ranges. -- A large proportion of males in the tributaries were sexually mature or "precocious" which corresponded with a preponderance of females (71%) in returning anadromous adults. There was a clear trend for increasing percentage male composition in the streams with age and even at age 1+ more than half of the males were precociously mature. The declining proportion of females with increasing age class in the streams suggests that females made greater use of pond habitat than males. Precociously maturing males had higher mean fork lengths and mean weights than immature males at age 1+ but growth rates decreased in the older age classes. The relative length-specific condition of precocious male parr was significantly higher than that of immature male and female parr at ages 1+ and 2+ while relative length-specific condition of 3+ female parr was very close to that of precocious males, indicating increased weight gain for females prior to smoltification. -- Discriminant analysis was employed to construct a model that would predict sex and maturity status from the easily measured variables length and weight, and from length-specific condition which is calculated from these two parameters. The model was used to predict group membership for all unknown fish in 1997 to examine the relative distribution of precocious males throughout the watershed. The predictions of sexual maturity status provided by this model suggested that much of the historical variation observed in mean relative condition of parr populations among tributaries of Harry's River could be due to differences among sex and maturity status among sites.There was a positive correlation between predicted % precocity and observed site-specific condition. Those populations comprised of over 40% precocious males were mostly concentrated at sites above George's Lake, while the sites with the lowest (≤ 25.0%) proportion of mature male parr were located mostly in tributaries below George's Lake, suggesting that different life history strategies were being employed in the two regions. Such diversification should enable the population to adapt to a wider range of freshwater and marine habitat variation.


identifier: Hall, Jonathon Michael <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Hall=3AJonathon_Michael=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Temporal changes in the fatty acid composition and fluidity of gill and hemocyte membranes during thermal acclimation of the sea scallop, Placopecten magellanicus.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The fatty acid composition and fluidity of gill phospholipids and hemocyte membranes of a eurytherrnal bivalve, Placopecten magellanicus, were investigated following a 10°C reduction in acclimation temperature. The time course of the acclimation response from 15 to 5°C was also monitored over a 21-day period. Membrane physical properties were measured by means of an electron spin resonance (ESR) spin-labeling technique, using 5-doxyl stearic acid (5-SASL) as a probe. Changes in the fluidity of gill membranes were analyzed by incorporating 5-SASL into vesicles made from total gill phospholipid (PL). Membrane fluidity measurements showed that cold-acclimated scallop membranes were more fluid than those of warm-acclimated animals. However, the order parameter of 5-SASL was greatest during the first six days of the reduction in temperature, indicating a more rigid gill membrane structure. The fluidity of gill and hemocyte membranes were negatively correlated with the proportion of 20:5n-3 (r = -0.714, P < 0.001, n = 24) and the unsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio (r = -0.775, P < 0.05, n =8) respectively in the lipids of these tissues. Acclimation to reduced temperature for a prolonged period resulted in an increase in polyunsaturated fatty acid and a decrease in monounsaturated fatty acid content, in particular 20:5n-3 and C₂₀ monoenoic fatty acids. Maximum changes in PL fatty acid levels required 15-21 days following acclimation to 5°C. Scallop gill and hemocyte membranes underwent progressive changes in their membrane fluidity and fatty acid composition, an observation which is consistent with homeoviscous adaptation following a reduction in acclimation temperature.


identifier: Carter, Matthew <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Carter=3AMatthew=3A=3A.html>   (1997) The archaeological investigation of a seventeenth-century blacksmith shop at Ferryland, Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis deals with a blacksmith shop which operated at Ferryland during the first half of the seventeenth century. First discovered during the summer of 1984 in an area of Ferryland commonly referred to as the “Pool” the smithy was not completely excavated until the 1994 field season.  Many of the features and artifacts were analysed to determine the structural characteristics and general layout of the shop in addition to the kinds of activities in which the blacksmiths were engaged.  It will be shown that this smithy was likely built in 1622 by Captain Edward Wynne and his eleven colonists. -- Structural characteristics of the shop include a wooden frame building having both a dirt floor and a slate roof. The positions of such features as the anvil, forge, bellows and slack tub were clearly visible and helped to determine the layout of the smithy.  Blacksmiths in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries commonly practised a number of different trades. This was evidently the situation at Ferryland since the artifact analysis determined that the smiths were also farriers, coppersmiths, locksmiths and gunsmiths as well as blacksmiths.  Evidence for these trades is discussed in chapter six. -- The final section of this thesis will deal with a preliminary metallurgic examination of some of the slag that was uncovered during excavations at both the smithy and the southwest corner of Area C some forty metres to the east. Since concentrations of slag were located at two different areas, it is possible that the slag either originated from the same smithy or is related to another blacksmith shop that was operating in the area. The analysis established that since the two samples were similar metallurgically, it is likely that the two groups of slag originated from the blacksmith shop excavated at Area B.


identifier: Crocker, Madelyn Jean <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Crocker=3AMadelyn_Jean=3A=3A.html>   (2002) The Argin' Ground : a social locus in Trout River circa 1920 - present.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis is an examination of the rememberings of the people of Trout River, of a special and significant part of their ancestry. It is about a gathering place, mainly of fishermen and other males. It is a place that no longer exists, except in the minds of the men who went there, the boys and girls (now men and women) who remember their father going there, or their own play around the periphery of this well known spot, in earlier years known by the whole community as 'The Argiri' Ground.'   It was a place of information transfer and interaction that has now been replaced by the telephone, television, radio, dart leagues, bingo, the pub, and cruising down the road in an automobile. -- This is a work of historical ethnography and my intention in doing this research is to give back to the people a significant part of their heritage which I think is worth preserving. Though it is a reconstruction the value of conserving this place in some form is undeniable. -- Chapter One is the introduction and also includes notes regarding the methodology used for transcription of interviews and citation. -- Chapter Two contains a brief history of the community of Trout River, including descriptions of the town itself and the surrounding area. Within this chapter, section one contains information about the community's development. Section two discusses the four principal types of fisheries practised by the people of Trout River; salmon, herring, lobster and cod. Section three touches on the land based activities the residents engaged in to survive. These include hunting and trapping, logging, farming and raising livestock, participating in the development of mineral resources and canning seafood. The final section of Chapter Two discusses the genealogy of the community, particularly the earliest generations, from the founding settler, George Crocker, onwards. This section also includes family trees of the first three generations of Crockers who lived in Trout River. -- Chapter Three deals with the Argin' Ground and is divided into three sections. The first describes the Argin' Ground itself, including its location, membership and the type of activities that took place there. The second section deals with the context of the social interaction that went on there. Included is the structure of the talk and the narratives that were told there as well as a description of the various generic forms encountered there, such as the proverb, gossip and rhetoric. Also the style of the local speech is dealt with here. Section three deals with the status of the Argin' Ground in the community and with how the meeting place actually functioned in terms of information transfer and the other activities that took place there. -- Chapter Four discusses the changes that have taken place, and are still taking place, within the community of Trout River and how this has affected the Argin' Ground as a social institution. Here as well are three sections, the first of which deals with the creation of Gros Mome National Park. The second section discusses the changing social context and the current social dynamics within the community. The final section looks into the role of the Argin' Ground in the community. -- Chapter Five is the conclusion and summarizes the arguments presented.


identifier: Hudson, Edward D. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Hudson=3AEdward_D=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1999) The biogeochemistry of sterols in Trinity Bay, Newfoundland, and a new method (thin layer chromatography-pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) for their analysis.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In the context of a multidisciplinary study to determine current and past ecosystem health, sterols were analyzed in plankton, settling particles and sediments from Trinity Bay, Newfoundland by saponification, derivatization to their TMS ethers and GC and GC/MS. Plankton net tow samples and settling particles contained C₂₇ and C₂₈ sterols typical of marine plankton. However, higher plant C₂₈ and C₂₉ sterols were prominent in sediments from both in-shore and off-shore sites, indicating an appreciable terrestrial contribution to sedimentary organic carbon and either degradation or effective recycling of marine sterols. No decrease in total or individual sterols was observed down the cores, suggesting good overall preservation. The fecal sterol coprostanol was not detected in offshore sediments, net tow material or settling particles, and was present only at low levels in certain in-shore sedimentary horizons. This suggests that sewage discharges in rural Newfoundland are being efficiently degraded or dispersed. -- Total free sterols in the samples were determined by Iatroscan TLC-FTD on Chromarods, a widely-used method which effectively separates and quantifies lipid classes but provides no further information on the species in each class. Thus, a new method (TLC- Pyrolysis-GC/MS) was developed in which lipid bands are desorbed directly from the silica Chromarod surface into a GC/MS for analysis. Twelve lipid classes were either desorbed without further treatment, converted to trimethylsilyl derivatives on the Chromarod, or analyzed following in situ thermochemolysis with tetramethylammonium hydroxide.   The method's utility was demonstrated with lipids from settling particles, especially where TLC bands contained more than one lipid class (wax/steryl esters, acetone-mobile polar lipids). Wax esters up to C₄₂ were detected, with alkyl and acyl distributions consistent with a zooplankton source. The wax ester/steryl ester band contained no more than 8% steryl esters, suggesting that their contribution to this band is minimal but that their contribution to total sterols may be significant. The free sterol carbon number distribution in settling particles as determined by TLC-Pyrolysis-GC/MS matched that as determined by individual molecular species analysis (predominantly C₂₇). By extending the scope of Iatroscan TLC-FID, the new method should have applications in many fields besides marine environmental studies viz. food science, biomedical science and petroleum analysis.


identifier: Elder, Elizabeth J. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Elder=3AElizabeth_J=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2001) Successful multi-age programs : then and now.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: School District #3 sees multi-age classroom grouping as an excellent learning  environment. During the 1999-2000 school year, in response to a need expressed by both schools and the School Board to develop policies on multi-age education. School District-3 established a committee which was charged with the task of drafting policies- guidelines, and procedures for multi-age classrooms in the District. This project is contributing to the goals of that committee by providing a concise, informative resource on multi-age education; thus, particular attention has been given to supporting the practices and policies developed by the District committee. The project's primary audience is teachers in the schools that are establishing multi-age education programs. The data for this project were collected through four primary sources: a comprehensive review of research on multi-age education, document analysis, surveys, and observations and the personal experiences of the author. The surveys were developed and executed to supplement research findings and the author's knowledge gained from teaching experience in a multi-age setting. The results confirm research findings that multi-age education is advantageous to students and provide practical information concerning practices used in the set-up and execution of multi-age education programs. This information was used in compiling The Establishment of Multi-age Education -- Then and Now, a resource from which teachers may glean ideas to modify and further develop multi-age programs to meet the needs of their students.


identifier: Walsh Dicks, Elizabeth L. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Walsh_Dicks=3AElizabeth_L=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Surgery for breast cancer in St. John's : the statistics, the surgeons' view, the patients' view.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Background: Surgical management of localized breast cancer has changed dramatically in the past two decades. Randomized clinical trials of women with stage I or II lesions have shown there is no significant difference in survival rates between women receiving modified radical mastectomy (MRM) or breast conserving surgery (BCS).   However, there are substantial regional variations in types of surgery for breast cancer. It would then seem that surgeons and patients' views could help explain such variations. This study aimed to clarity the numbers of MRM and of BCS performed within the Health Care Corporation of St. John's, Newfoundland during the years 1994-1997. In addition, the aim was to contrast the surgeons' view of the different types of surgical interventions for breast cancer with the views of women who had undergone different types of surgery. -- Method: The records of all surgeries for breast cancer, irrespective of staging of the disease, were extracted from the Health Care Corporation of St. John's (HCCSJ) for the period of 1994-1997 and coded according to the Canadian classification of diagnostic, therapeutic and surgical procedures (Statistics Canada, 1986). Chart audits were completed to ensure accuracy of the extracted data. All surgeons within the general surgery program of the HCCSJ who did breast cancer surgery regularly and consented to participate in the study completed a short questionnaire and were interviewed about their own surgical practices, their views of the decision making processes of women and which factors they felt impacted these particular patients' choices for surgical intervention for their breast cancer. Four focus groups and one private interview were organized with 21 women who had either MRM or BCS to provide them with the opportunity to discuss their surgery. The interviews and focus groups were taped, transcribed and common themes extracted. -- Results: A total of 363 surgeries were performed for breast cancer within the HCCSJ during 1994-1997. Of these 71.9% were MRM. There was little variation between years at each site but significant differences in rates between sites. MRM was a more common procedure for women from outside the city and for older women. According to the surgeons, most diagnostic visits took place in a hospital clinic and lasted approximately 20 to 30 minutes. They emphasized the importance of the woman's choice and they claimed they always gave women an opportunity for choice. However, a substantial majority of the women were unsure they had been given such an opportunity. The majority of women who underwent MRM stated they did in fact have their minds clearly made up to have a mastectomy regardless of what information the surgeon gave them. They also stated that they chose MRM because they thought of the breast as diseased, were more familiar with this form of surgery and felt it would be better protection from recurrence. Those patients who had received BCS described reaching the decision jointly with their surgeon once all of the options had been described and discussed. -- Conclusions: Modified radical mastectomy is the dominant procedure being performed within the Health Care Corporation of St. John's, Newfoundland. While surgeons may advise women of their options during the diagnostic visit, many of the women may  not hear the options because of their heightened anxiety. Alternate ways of informing women of their options are discussed.


identifier: Siddiqui, Zahir Uddin <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Siddiqui=3AZahir_Uddin=3A=3A.html>   (1974) Syntheses and studies of carbonylchromium complexes of some metal chelates.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Complexes obtained by displacement of two and three carbonyl groups from hexacarbonylchromium by transition metal Schiff bases have been prepared and identified.  Two carbonyl groups are replaced by a metal Schiff base forming a σ-bonded tetracarbonylchromium complex.  Tricarbonylchromium π-complexes of metal Schiff bases are formed by displacement of three carbonyl groups from hexacarbonylchromium.  The stereochemistry about the acceptor metal in the tetracarbonylchromium complex approximates to C₂v symmetry; under these conditions, four i.r. active carbonyl bands are expected and observed.  Considering the local symmetry of the carbonyl groups, the tricarbonylchromium complexes belong to the C₃v point group, and so display two i.r. active carbonyl bands. -- Carbonyl stretching vibrations are used to see if electronic effects are transmitted from the central metal to the tricarbonylchromium moiety.  The i.r. data for the C0 stretching region indicate a very small shift (∿ 10 cm⁻¹ higher in d¹⁰ than d⁴ systems) of νC₀ using different transition metals at the centre.  The observed trend of C0 frequency is opposite to that expected in M(R-N-sal)n Cr(C0)₃ (n = 2 or 3) complexes (M, the central metal = Cr(II), Co(III), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) and R = CH₃, C₆H₅ and –CH₂-).  This reverse increase of order of C0 stretching frequencies from that expected suggests that electron density of the ligand is decreasing as the number of d electrons increases in the central transition metals.  This can be explained if π-bonding between M(II) and (R-N-sal)₂ is considered negligible compared to σ-bonding. -- β, the ratio of B in complex/B of free ion determined for a few complexes with the help of electronic spectra, was high (0.75-0.85).  The high values of β suggest that the bonding is mostly ionic and a very small amount of covalency exists between the central metal and the ligand. -- These complexes are fairly stable toward oxidation by air and, in some cases, are even stable in solution for more than a day. – The overall spectroscopic study (i.r., U.V./visible and near i.r.) of tricarbonylchromium complexes of metal Schiff bases provides the following information: -- 1.  The addition of a Cr(C0)₃ group to a metal Schiff base has no significant effect on stereochemistry of metal Schiff bases. -- 2.  The electronic distribution of the Iigand (Schiff base) does not change very much by varying the central metal. – 3.  There is very little covalent bonding between the central metal and the ligand (Schiff base). -- The reaction between metal phthalocyanine (metal = Cr(II), Cu(II) and Zn (11)) and hexacarbonylchromium yielded tricarbonylchromium complexes, but the purification of the complexes was not achieved.


identifier: LI, Zhaopeng <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/LI=3AZhaopeng=3A=3A.html>   (1996) Synthesis and properties of Calix[4]naphthalenes.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This work describes the synthesis and some properties of a new class of cyclic formaldehyde-naphthol tetramers which are analogous to the better-known calixarenes and resorcinarenes. These new compounds are of interest for their potential supramolecular properties. The "calixnaphthalenes", their derivatives and homologues, which are the subjects of this thesis, offer some potential advantages over the calixarenes and resorcinarenes. For example, the presence of the fused second aromatic ring in each naphthalene group (the "upper" rim) can allow for the formation of many funclionalized calixnaphthalenes which could enhance potential receptor abilities. Furthermore, fixed conformations of most calixnaphthalenes are dissymmetric and have potential applications as chiral hosts, or chiral ligands. -- The prototype calixnaphthalenes 8,10 and 11 were synthesized by the direct condensation of 1-naphthol and formaldehyde under basic conditions. A limited mechanistic study indicates that formation of these compounds occurs via a "pseudocalixnaphthalene" pathway. VT 'H NMR analyses show that 8,10 and 11 are conformational^ flexible at temperatures above -60 °C. However, the corresponding tetrabenzoates 8a, 10a and 11a, and tetraacetates 8bf 10b and 11b exist preferentially in the "partial cone" and "1,3-alternate" conformations at -50 °C. The coalescence temperatures of these esters are in the temperature range -10 to 0 °C. Simple molecular modeling calculations indicate that these same two conformations are also the two lowest-energy conformations. -- A water-soluble calix[4]naphthalene (20) was synthesized from 1,8-naphthalene sultone (6) under basic conditions. Under acidic conditions, 6 formed only oxycalix[4]naphthalene (30) and linear oligomeric compounds 28 and 29. -- Synthesis of calixnaphthalene 35 was effected by a self-condensation reaction of 2-hydroxy-3-hydroxymethylnaphthalene (36) under TFA catalysis. Calixnaphthalene 35 is promising as a supramolecular building block as it shows a coalescence temperature of -20 °C, and exists in a "cone" conformation. -- Dihomocalix[4]naphthalene 46 was synthesized from 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (7a) via a convergent synthetic procedure. VT1H NMR studies suggest that in CDCI₃ solution the preferred conformation of 46 at -60 °C is "1,2-alternate". X-ray diffraction of 46 shows that it exists as a "1,2-alternate" or centrosymmetric conformation in the solid state. -- The calix[4]naphthalene 62 and dihomocalixnaphthalene 70 were both synthesized from the precursor 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene (7b) by convergent syntheses. Both 62 and 70 have rigid conformations at ambient temperature. -- Finally, a novel naphthalene-tethered calixspherand 95 which possesses a "cone" conformation was synthesized. Attempted synthesis of other calixnaphthalenes from 1,5- and 1,3-dihydroxynaphthalene and synthesis of a functionalized calixresorcinarene were not successful.


identifier: Cammisa, Eduardo G. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Cammisa=3AEduardo_G=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Synthesis of low band gap polymers.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

title: Synthesis of low band gap polymers

abstract: A novel synthetic pathway to 4H-cyclopenta[2,l-b:3',4’-b’] dithiophen-4-one 2-8, which is a valuable precursor for a variety of low band gap polymers, has been developed. From 2-8, the derivatives 4,4’-bi-(4H cyclopenta[2,l-b:3',4’-b’] dithiophenylidene) 2-34 and 2,6-dibromo-4H cyclopenta[2,l-b:3',4’-b’] dithiophen-4-one 2-36, were prepared. A poly(4H-cyclopenta[2,l- b:3’, 4'-b’]dithiophen-4-one) (poly 2-8) film was modified by chemical reaction with Lawesson's reagent giving a new material, which exhibited a smaller band gap (0.8-1.0 eV) than the starting poly 2-8 (1.1-1.2 eV). Compound 2-34 was electrochemically polymerized and cyclic voltammetry showed that the resulting polymer has a low band gap (0.5-0.9 eV), consistent with a theoretical prediction. Compound 2-36 is a useful starting material for the synthesis of new polymers. -- The known compound 2,2'-(ethyne-l,2-diyl)bis(thiophene) 3-3 was synthesized using an adaption of a literature procedure, and 3-3 was used for the synthesis of its novel derivatives 4,5-di-thiophen-2-yl-1,3-dithiol-2-one 3-5 and tetrathien-2-yl-thiophene 3-6. Electrochemical polymerization of 3-6 gave a polymer with a band gap of ca. 1.8 eV. -- Dithieno[3,2-c:2',3’-e][1,2] dithiin 4-1 was prepared by using a literature method. Electrochemically prepared films of poly 4-1 did not show any electroactivity for the disulfide bridge in acetonitrile.


identifier: Vis, Morgan LeFay <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Vis=3AMorgan_LeFay=3A=3A.html>   (1995) Systematics and biogeography of the freshwater red algal genus Batrachospermum section Batrachospermun in North America.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Type and historically important specimens of 46 species and infraspecific taxa from Batrachospermum sect. Batrachosnermum were examined using multivariate morphometries and image analysis.  Nine species from the cluster analysis and one other species arc recognised: B. anatinum. B. arcuatum. B. borvanum. B. carpocontorlum. B. confusum. B. fluilans. B. uelatinosum. B. heterocorticum. B. pulchrum and B. skuiae.  The taxa are separated on the basis of monoecious or dioecious lhalli, carpogonium size and the presence of (1) spermatangia on the involucral filaments, (2) irregular cortication, (3) monosporangia, (4) well-curled fascicles and (5) secondary fascicles. -- Five new species are described from North America.   Batrachospermum spcrmatoinvolucrum sp. nov. is distinguished by the combination of spermatangia on the involucral filaments ofthe carpogonial branch, relatively long carpogonia and regular cortical cells.   B. trichofurcatum sp. nov. has unique forked trichogynes. The distinguishing feature of B. carpoinvolucrum sp. nov. is carpogonial branches with involucral filaments having apical carpogonia.  B. involutum sp. nov. is distinct in having involute fascicle tips, spermatangia on one-celled involucral filaments and rhizoidal outgrowths from mid-fascicle cells.  B. trichocontortum sp. nov. is named for the twisted appearance of the trichogyne tip and has rhizoidal outgrowths from mid-fascicle cells. -- North American populations of seven previously described species were examined and compared to appropriate type specimens.  Batrachospermum borvanum was the most abundant and widespread species, being collected in 34 stream sites.  The other six species, B. anatinunu B. areuatum. B. confusum. B. hcterocorticum. B. pulchrum and B. skuiac were present in six or fewer streams.  No new populations were found of B. carpocontortum which was first described from Washington state. -- Eighty-six populations of Batrachospermum gclatinosum were examined from throughout its known range in North America.   Pooled populations for each biome showed a north-south trend towards smaller whorl size and larger carpogonium size, fi- uelatinosum has been collected from the north slope of Alaska and Baffin Island to Texas and Louisiana.  Three populations were examined for morphological variation throughout the growing season.   Carposporophytc diameter showed a spring maximum in all three populations.  There were seasonal trends in whorl diameter, carposporophytes per whorl and carpogonium length in one population.