title: The Time of Politics and the Politics of Time: Exploring the Role of Temporality in British Constitutional Development During the Long Nineteenth Century

contributor:
Heathorn, Stephen
Swett, Pamela
Gauvreau, Michael
History

subject:
Time
Parliament
Acceleration
Efficiency
Temporality
Liberalism
National Efficiency
Cultural History
Intellectual History
Political History
Political Theory
Cultural History

abstract: “The Time of Politics and the Politics of Time: Exploring the Role of Temporality in British Constitutional Development during the Long Nineteenth Century,” studies the role of time in the development of Britain’s liberal democracy. Conceptually, it explores time both as a structure that the procedural framework of the British Parliament produced and as an historical perception that the technological culture of modernity constructed. In both cases, the study focuses on the constitutional significance of perceived fluctuations within the scarcity of political time as well as imagined changes in the pace and continuity of history. Methodologically, I use these conceptualizations of time in order to examine the intersection of four seemingly disparate political phenomena in Victorian and Edwardian Britain: namely, the perceived expansion of democracy, the instrumentalization of rationality in political culture, the devaluation of deliberative practices as forms of political action, and the rise of mass political dissatisfaction with the efficiency of Parliament.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: LUMINESCENT SiCxNy THIN FILMS DEPOSITED BY ICP-CVD

contributor:
Mascher, P.
Kitai, A.H.
Preston, J. S.
Engineering Physics

subject:
Silicon carbon nitride
luminescent silicon
two phase structure
SiCxNy
nanocrystals
photoluminescence
Semiconductor and Optical Materials
Semiconductor and Optical Materials

abstract:
Please email me at kdunn@celccocontrols.com to confirm receipt of my thesis.

Thanks,

Kayne

abstract:
In current microelectronic interconnect technology, significant delay is incurred due to capacitances in the intermediate and global interconnect layers. To avoid capacitive effects optical interconnects can be used; however conventional technologies are expensive to manufacture. One method to address these issues is to make use of quantum confinement effects and states lying within the bandgap of the material to enhance luminescence in a CMOS compatible silicon based system. Thin SiCxNy films appear to be suitable to work as luminescent silicon based films due to their lower direct bandgap and chemical stability but have not yet been studied in great detail.

This thesis is an exploratory work aiming to assess the suitability of SiCxNy films for the above applications and to identify future research areas. The films analyzed in this thesis were manufactured on the inductively coupled plasma-chemical vapour deposition reactor (ICP-CVD) at McMaster University. The ICP-CVD produces films of high uniformity by using a remote RF plasma and an arrangement of high vacuum pumps to attain a vacuum on the order of 10-7Torr.

Several experimental techniques have been used to analyse the films. The complex index of refraction has been determined through the use of ellipsometry giving results typical of that of a-SiNx:H. The photoluminescence spectroscopy results show a large broad emission peak with at least one shoulder at higher energies. The precise luminescence mechanism(s) could not be identified though a strong relationship with the bonding state of nitrogen has been found. The composition and structure of the films, as determined through ion beam measurements, infrared absorption measurements, and transmission electron microscopy measurements demonstrate the formation of a two phase structure consisting of carbon rich clusters surrounded by a mostly silicon nitride matrix. These carbon rich regions have some graphitic character and act to dampen the luminescence.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: The Scheme of Government defined by the British North America Act as interpreted by the Courts

subject: History

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Electronic Properties of the Linear Chain Mercury Compounds

contributor:
Datars, W. R.
Physics

subject: Physics Physics

abstract:
The Fermi surface, resistivity and superconducting properties of the mercury linear chain compounds were studied.

A detailed model of the Fermi surface of the mercury linear chain compounds has been constructed. Measurements of the dHvA frequencies in Hg₃₋δSbF₆ are presented and show that the Fermi surface of this compound consists of cylinders. The cross-sectional areas of these cylinders are accounted for by the Fermi surface model. Measurements of the dHvA frequencies in the Hg₃-δAsF₆ under pressures between 0 and 4 kbar are also presented. The changes in frequencies with pressure imply that the anions' lattice contracts while the mercury-mercury distance remains unchanged when the pressure is applied.

A model of the lattice resistivity in these compounds is introduced and compared to our measurements of the resistivity between 4.2 and 90 K, and to measurements of the resistivity anisotropy between 4.2 and 250 K. A sudden resistance increase at 217 K, when the samples are cooled, is reported and is associated with mercury extrusion at the same temperature.

Measurements of the ac susceptibility in Hg₃₋δAsF₆ for fields between 0 and 400 Gauss at temperatures of 4.2 to 1.2 K are reported. Transitions associated with elemental mercury and with the linear chain mercury compound are observed. The presence of elemental mercury with the compound is discussed. Measured values for the critical field, the critical temperature and the zero-field susceptibility of the mercury compound are presented and two explanations for these and previous results are suggested.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: CINE-DEMOGRAPHIES: POPULATION CRISIS IN LATE TWENTIETH CENTURY FILM CULTURE

contributor:
Szeman, Imre
Rethmann, Petra
Goellnicht, Donald
English and Cultural Studies

subject:
Cinema
Culture
Crisis
Decline
Demography
Film and Media Studies
Film and Media Studies

abstract:
This dissertation investigates the significance of demographic discourses and epistemologies over the last three decades of the Twentieth Century through the emergence of global film culture. Adopting a materialist reading of Serge Daney’s notion of a critical cine-demography, it explores three ways in which moments of population crisis over this period can be interpreted through film.

An experiment in method as much as an alternative periodizing account of late capitalist culture, the core chapters trace the evolution of a demographic imaginary through three, chronologically organized, case studies in the articulation of population crisis since the early 1970s: (1) the fear of overpopulation that reaches a frenzied pitch in the United States during the late 1960s and early 1970s; (2) anxiety about absolute population decline, situated in the context of Eastern Europe in the late 1990s; and (3) the emerging problem of population aging at the close of the century, centered in Western Europe, Japan and North America. In each of these cases, the dissertation identifies a corresponding archive of films that are marked at the level of their formal and narrative construction by the pressure of these demographic and discursive formations.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: HOW COMMUNITY-BASED SERVICES WORK TOGETHER TO ADDRESS THE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE NEEDS OF RECENT IMMIGRANT CHILDREN

contributor:
Valaitis, Ruta
Black, Margaret
Bruce Newbold, Jan Sargeant
Health Sciences

subject:
primary health care
recent immigrants
cultural competence
social network analysis
trust collaboration and access
Public Health and Community Nursing
Public Health and Community Nursing

abstract:
Introduction

Canadian health and social service systems need to adapt to new challenges posed by the unique primary health care (PHC) needs of recent immigrant families. Community-based service providers are the first to experience changing responsibilities. Providers in communities with limited experience in working with immigrants may benefit from shared skills and modeled cultural competencies when working with new arrivals.

Purpose

This case study describes how a set of community-based service organizations addressed the PHC needs of recent immigrant families with young children living within a mid-sized urban centre in Atlantic Canada. The roles of organizational brokers and of competence trust among service providers were examined to determine their influence on the capacities of the service network overall.

Methods

Methods from social network analysis and descriptive qualitative inquiry were applied in this study. Organizational ecology contructs framed the research questions and propositions. An intersectoral approach to PHC was adopted to define the services network. Results derived from the network survey and key informant interviews were triangulated to develop a final interpretation.

Results

The study network constituted a relatively cohesive group of service providers. Network participation became more selective depending on the issue experienced by families. Network interactions were facilitated by broker organizations; some brokers actively engaged in the development of cultural competency capacities among network members. Trust in the other provider organization’s cultural competencies (competence trust) with recent immigrant families positively influenced the quality of working relationships.

Conclusions

Broker organizations can play a significant role in network capacity development through the promotion of cultural competencies in partnering organizations and by making connections across service sectors. The cultural competence of partnering organizations is an important pre-condition of trust for service providers committed to the needs of recent immigrant families. Having trusting relationships among providers can facilitate exchange and enable access to services. Nurses have the potential to participate in the advancement of culturally competent service systems.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Exchange Control in Canada

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: The Canadian Railway Problem

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Currency and Foreign Exchange 1914-1949

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: Premillienialism in Canadian Baptist History

subject: History Religion

abstract: Bachelor of Divinity (BD)


title: Friction Properties of Polymer Systems as Measured Using Micropipettes

contributor:
Dalnoki-Veress, Kari
Physics

subject:
Polymer
Friction
Micropipette
Velocity
Condensed Matter Physics
Condensed Matter Physics

abstract: In this work, we tested the ability of an experimental system, involving the use of micropipettes as force transducers, to measure the coefficients of friction of several systems. Using a magnetic pipette puller, the micropipettes were produced by first heating and stretching the glass. The pipettes are then manipulated into an L-shape. This geometry allows one arm to act as the normal force transducer, and the other to act as the lateral force transducer for the purposes of friction measurements. We then analyzed the variation of the friction force of 15 micrometre polystyrene beads in contact with silicon and polystyrene in a fluid environment at increasing velocities. We also measured the variation in friction coefficient of poly(dimethyl siloxane) coated polystyrene beads in contact with a silicon surface. Our results were then compared to known values where possible, and the variation of the friction coefficient with increasing velocity was fit to a known phenomenological model. From our experiments, we have shown that our experimental technique can provide reproducible friction coefficient measurements, and these coefficients vary with velocity in a known manner. These results confirm the ability of micropipettes to act as both normal and lateral force transducers in friction experiments, and that they have the potential to be used in measuring friction coefficients of more complex materials.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: The co-oparative Credit Movement in Canada

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: Wartime control of necessities, with special reference to Canada

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: Structures and Spectra of Some Platinum Anti-Cancer Complexes

contributor:
Lock, C.J.L.
Chemistry

subject: Chemistry Chemistry

abstract:
The structure of some of the products obtained from the aquation of cis-PtCl₂ (NH₃)₂ were determined. They help clarify the complex nature of what was considered to be a simple chemical reaction.

The products of the reactions between K₂PtCl₄ and various alicyclic amines were also studied by X-ray crystallography and vibrational spectroscopy. The variety of products obtained was considerably greater than was expected and indicates the need for better control of the purity of compounds used in animal tests. The structures of some of these compounds also suggest a possible reason for their low toxicity.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Buffon, The Physiocrats And The Rule Of Nature.

contributor:
Grinnell., G. J.
History

subject: History History

abstract: An examination of Buffon's theories of natural history and Physiocratic doctrines, which treats them as products of the same socio-economic pressures; that is, as responses to the pressures created by the material requirements of the French war-machine and by the necessity of reconciling aristocratic and bourgeois ethical systems. Includes a study of the use of Newtonian ideas to undermine the social, economic and moral foundations of the Ancien Regime end to justify man's domination of nature.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: A HISTORY OF THE CANADIAN TARIFF

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: CANADA'S PRINCE CONTROL POLICY UNDER THE WARTIME PRICES AND TRADE BOARD

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: INTERNATIONAL CARTELS AN HISTORICAL SURVEY OF THE MOVEMENT WITH AN APPRAISAL OF ITS EFFECTS

subject:
Political Economy
Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: INTERPRETATION OF HISTORY IN ISAIAH 40-55

subject: Religion Religion

abstract: Bachelor of Divinity (BD)


title: Dependent and Neglected Children in the City of Toronto

subject: Sociology

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: INTENTIONALITY THE RELATIONSHIP OF IMAGE AND OBJECT IN THE THEORY OF CONSCIOUSNESS OF JEAN-PAUL SARTRE

contributor:
Noxon, James
Philosophy

subject: Philosophy Philosophy

abstract: The notion of intentionality is introduced by an examination of the "intentional inexistence" of Brentano, and "intentionality" of Husserl. The intentional thesis is seen to entail two aspects within a noetic/noematic correlation: an ontological thesis concerning the nature of the object intended, and a psychological thesis concerning the constitution of the object as intended by consciousness. A rather lengthy examination of Hume and associationist tenets shows that we can no longer distinguish the image from the percept by such characteristics as inner/outer, stronger/weaker, original/copy, et cetera, in the light of the intentional thesis. All consciousness is consciousness of something. Imagination is a form of consciousness, and apprehends or approaches its objects directly, not as a copy of a perception. The image is fundamentally different and distinguishable from the percept, and is known by consciousness to be different. Reflexive consciousness recognizes that the percept is here and now, is a full positivity, is virtually infinite in content (overflowing), and yields new information. The image, on the contrary, is recognized immediately as having different characteristics, all of which are a form of "negation": it posits its object as absent, non-existent, existing elsewhere, or as neutralized (not-existing_. The image is limited in content to precisely what consciousness puts into it, and can therefore yield no new knowledge. Sartre is seen not to discuss how involuntary images cannot surprise or yield new knowledge; the problem of voluntary and involuntary images is avoided by Sartre, nor does he examine the psychological basis of streams of images in hallucination, memory, or day-dreaming, nor how these various different kinds of image-streams might be distinguished. However, in an examination of isolated images and percepts Sartre's thesis is seen to provide new insight into the ontological and psychological aspects of these images and percepts. This would seem a necessary point of departure for a more extensive theory of mind, and accordingly Sartre has contributed not a theory of mind but an examination of certain basic properties of human consciousness. Finally, these new insights into the nature of human consciousness are seen to alter the view of the world, not only in so far as the world is an object of consciousness, but also in so far as the meaning of the world is constituted by the apprehending consciousness.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The compensated dollar or stabilizing the dollar

subject:
Political Science
Political Science

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: A History of British Investments in Canada

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: The Company Union: Its Place in the Labour Picture

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: A Survey of the Development and Functions of the Canadian Capital Market

contributor:
McIvor, R. C.
Political Economy

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: Man and His Economic Institutions

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: Perspectives on King James VI and I's Influence on the Literature in his Reign

contributor:
Roebuck, W. G.
English

subject:
English
English Language and Literature
English Language and Literature

abstract:
Throughout his reign, King James acted as a lucrative loadstone; writers pointing true north were headed in the right direction. Head of the Church and state, King James remained powerful and symbolic enough to raise the pens of poets, political writers and preachers in his praise and defence. James' ideas and actions were lauded and emulated not through any merit of their own (though some were meritorious), but through the fear and awe which the title of their originator, King, still carried.

This inherited power was further directed by James'own literary pursuits: by his treatise on poetry; his own poems; his speeches, tracts and "paper bullets". Those vying for the approval or patronage of the King found in James' written word a broad base in which to plant their ladder to success.

Did King James' preference for those who praised him as "best of poets", "best of Kings" sway the direction of the literature in his reign? The King's desire to see John Donne in an ecclesiastical rather than a secular employment may have occasioned more in the style of Essays in Divinity at the expense of a few more "Songs and Sonnets". But this can only be speculation. What is more certain is that the King's rejection of Alexander Montgomerie for political and religious reasons resulted in the virtual disappearance of Montgomerie"s poetry. Certainly James' preference of Ben Jonson as court masquer lengthened that dramatist's repertoire. Although Drummond of Hawthornden was one of the self-sufficient few who managed without James, he too found occasion to lament the plight of the isolated.

King James may not have been the Castalian spring whence his kingdom's poetry sprung, but he certainly provided a dam or two.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: CANADIAN-AMERICAN COMMERCE. A Study of Trade Relations between Canada and the United States from 1846 to the Present

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: Immigration and The Cultural Development of Canada

subject: Sociology

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Bank failures in Canada

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: Re-imagining the Caribbean garden in Jamaica Kincaid's My Garden (Book), Olive Senior's Gardening in the Tropics, and Dionne Brand's In Another Place, Not Here.

contributor:
O`Brien, S.
English

abstract: European territorial expansion was based on the commodification and exploitation of non-European peoples and environments. Colonial domination was naturalized by a discourse that denigrated or erased the culture of colonized people. Plantation agriculture and scientific botanical gardens were deeply implicated in maintaining economic, political and cultural control in the colonies. In My Garden (Book), Gardening in the Tropics, and In Another Place, Not Here, Jamaica Kincaid, Olive Senior and Dionne Brand, respectively, re-imagine the Caribbean garden not as a site of subjugation, but as a space from which to reclaim their bodies, their landscape, and their culture. They form a collaborative relationship with the Caribbean nature to recuperate the (re)productive power of their bodies and establish their economic independence from colonial and neo-colonial oppressors. Through their particular, often secret understanding ofthe nature of this region, the Caribbean gardeners are able to form authentic connections to this landscape and recover a sense of belonging to place. The gardeners in these texts also use their knowledge of the Caribbean environment to challenge the discursive control of the colonizer. By gardening, and writing about gardening, Kincaid, Senior and Brand mount a creative resistance to the artificial division between nature and culture on which the colonial project is founded. Their texts recreate the Caribbean landscape according to their lived experiences, and the gardens created by these writers become texts that oppose the objectification and containment ofthe Caribbean people and environment in the language of the colonial discourse. Through their labours in the garden, Kincaid, Senior and Brand recover their creative agency and affirm their identity as Caribbean women.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Known and The Unknown: An Exploration of Attitudes Towards Death, Dying, and Grieving

contributor:
Preston, R.
Anthropology

subject: Anthropology Anthropology

abstract: In this thesis, I discuss the notions of the denial and fear of death which are part of the North American attitude. As a contrast, I present Mayan attitudes and feelings towards death, dying, and grieving which tend to be accepting of death as a change, and therefore not as a thing to be afraid of. In this section I present the Mayan "naturalistic" way of looking at death and their feeling of communitas during the liminal stage of death. The next section deals with the topic of palliative care as an example of dealing with a difficult process through a comparable communitas in delaing with suffering and hope. These two cultural samples demonstrate that people dealing with the dying can learn from other cultures and that our "culture at large" can also benefit through finding out how other people deal with death, dying and grieving (O'Connor 1991).

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Health Insurance

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: Synthetic Rubber Versus Natural Rubber: An Economic Treatise

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: Marketing Ontario's Fruits

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: The Ties that Bind: A Qualitative Study of the Middle Generations' Support for Aged Parents

contributor:
Synge, Jane
Sociology

subject: Sociology Sociology

abstract:
This study explores adult childrens' views on their supportive activities and their obligations towards their aged parents. The central concerns of this thesis are to broaden our understanding of generational exchange and the family dynamics which influence the gendered division of obligations towards parents. This research makes a theoretical contribution to the state of knowledge on the nature of familial exchange in later life.

Findings have been based on data from an in depth qualitative sub-project of the Generational Relations and Succession Project (GRASP). The GRASP data were obtained from a randomly selected sample of 464 men and women who were over the age of 40 and living in Hamilton and Stoney Creek, Ontario. All respondents from the GRASP study, with at least one surviving parent living in Ontario, were eligible for the sub-project. Open-ended tape recorded interviews were conducted with 56 men and women who were primarily between the ages of 40 and 54. The interviews were from 1-1/2 to 3 hours in length, depending on the circumstances of their parents and the number of their siblings.

This study confirms previous research which has found that adult children and their parents exchange services, gifts, and affection. Respondents consider the exchange of affection to be the most important aspect of their relationships with their parents. Unlike most other studies, however, they report giving more assistance and support than they receive from their parents. Discrepancies in research findings may relate to differences in parents' and childrens' perceptions.

A few of the findings reported on in this thesis have received very little attention in previous research on middle generation filial responsibilities. People whose parents lived with them or a sibling were more able to envision institutionalization as a potential option than people whose parents were healthier and living independently. Doctors, by virtue of their knowledge on health matters, sometimes help to legitimize the placement of parents in institutions. Most of these men and women find it difficult to plan or anticipate their futures with regards to their parents' old age.

Researchers in the field of gerontology have rarely examined the influence of family dynamics on generational relationships. Family dynamics and family structure have an important impact on peoples' sense of obligations towards their parents. Responsibilities towards parents cannot be entirely separated from obligations towards siblings. The extent of middle-aged peoples' obligations to their parents seems to be related to their geographical proximity to parents, to the number of adult children in the family, to the gender composition of the siblings in the family, and to the existence of parental favouritism in families where there are both sons and daughters. Obligations towards parents are also influenced by cultural notions on the appropriate gendered division of labour within the family. Women's time and work is not as highly valued as mens' time and work. Women's greater familial obligations seem to be at least partly influenced by the power positions of their brothers.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Group Insurance

subject: Public Economics

abstract: Group Insurance is a fairly recent innovation and as such has commanded relatively little public attention as yet. Nevertheless, its rapid growth has assured for it no minor role in industrial relations and in the welfare of the nation's wage-earning class. The benefits of ordinary insurance have long been recognized. Group protection, affording; similar benefits to those who mast need them, deserves any publicity which is has received or may receive in the future. This thesis is intended to cast some light on this important element of our present industrial age. For much of the material here included, I am indebted to those insurance companies, too numerous to mention. from whom I sought information. In its preparation, I have found the pen of Professor Michell to be indeed mighty and his criticisms and suggestions most helpful.

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: Fiscal Policy and Full Employment

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: THE LOCATION OF INDUSTRY AND URBANIZATION IN CANADA

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: A Survey Of Canada's Federal Imcome and Expenditure

subject:
Political Economy
Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: The Single Tax In Canada

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


THE MOVEIVIENT OF PRICES IN CANADA FROM 1859-1866. WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO DICKINSON'S LANDING.


title: DEVELOPMENT OF RELIGION IN THE CONSCIOUSNESS OF CHILDREN

subject: Philosophy

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: DEVELOPMENT OF THE CANADIAN INCOME TAX

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: Vitamin B₆ Biosynthesis in Escherichia coli

contributor:
Spenser, I.D.
Chemistry

subject: Chemistry Chemistry

abstract:
The biosynthesis of vitamin B₆ (pyridoxal-5-phosphate) is investigated by tracer methodology in two pyridoxineless mutant strains of Escherichia coli B, WG2 and WG3. Pyridoxol from mutant WG2 and pyridoxal, which was converted to pyridoxol, from mutant WG3 were isolated from the culture fluid and cells, respectively, and degraded to determine the distribution of activity derived from several radioactively labelled compounds.

Competition experiments employing ¹⁴C-labelled samples of glycerol and glycolaldehyde indicate that two pathways leading to C-5', -5, -6 of pyridoxol can occur in E. coli. In mutant WG2, a mutant which closely resembles the wild-type strain, the major pathway utilizes glycerol and related trioses as the carbon source for the stuctural units of the pyridoxol carbon skeleton: C-1,-3 of glycerol yields C-2', -3,-4',-5' and -6; C-2 of glycerol yields C-2,-4 and -5 of the vitamin. In mutant WG3, the minor pathway utilizes glycolaldehhyde which supplies C-5 and -5' of pyridoxal and spares the incorporation of glycerol into this two-carbon unit. Glycerol is the source of the other six carbon atoms. The major pathway is blocked in mutant WG3 and the "glycolaldehyde pathway" becomes the sole source of vitamin B₆.

Competition experiments employing [2-¹⁴C]glycerol in the presence of either non-labelled pyruvate, acetate, or hydroxypyruvate in mutant WG2, demonstrate that the two-carbon unit, C-2,-2', required for pyridoxol biosynthesis, is derived from pyruvate. Incorporation of radioactivity derived from [2-¹⁴C]pyruvaldehde, [1-¹⁴C]ribose, and [1-¹⁴C]-acetate into C-2,-2' of pyridoxol can be rationalized by way of pyruvate.

The identity of the pyruvate-derived C₂ unit remains to be established. The normal end-products of pyruvate catabolism have been eliminated as precursors of the two-carbon unit, C-2,-2' of pyridoxol. On this basis, it is inferred that acylating agents associated with the thiamin-dependent multienzyme complex, pyruvate dehydrogenase, may be involved in the biosynthesis of the vitamin.

A hypothesis, consistent with the results obtained from the tracer experiments, is proposed for the biosynthesis of vitamin B₆. The first steps consist of acyl transfer to dihydroxyacetone-1-phosphate followed by transamination yielding an aminosugar, 4-amino-4,5-dideoxypentulose. Condensation of the aminosugar with glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate or a closely related compound derivable also from glycolaldehyde by the minor route, followed by dehydration yields pyridoxol (Scheme 27).

Radioactive pyridoxol derived from [1-³H,2-¹⁴C]glycerol indicates the loss of one tritium atom relative to ¹⁴C during the course of biosynthesis of the vitamin.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Understanding Moral Judgment. A Critique of R.M.Hare.

contributor:
Simpson, E. J.
Philosophy

subject: Philosophy Philosophy

abstract:
The following thesis draws together a group of diverse points, and the reader may find it useful. in following if I initially indicate the most important of them. My central concern is to show that R.M.. Hare's claim about the nature of our freedom in formulating moral judgments is mistaken. The first of five points I would draw the reader's attention to is the way I understand Ha.re to interpret this freedom.

1) Freedom exists for Hare because there are no conceptual constraints on individual desires or wants. The individual is free to hold anything as morally good, because, Hare claims, all that is required to think morally is to avoid claims that would be inconsistent, in that I would be committed to claims a.bout my wants that I do not hold. The inconsistencies that Hare rules out are therefore a function of & wants and desires, and given Hare's claim that there are no conceptual constraints on my desires or wants., it follows there is no such constraint on the wants I may have when thinking morally. Moral argument and agreement on this view depend ultimately on the contingent fa.ct of whether persons happen to be different or alike in their wants, and Hare's freedom leaves us with an extreme form of moral individualism that is mitigated only by the contingent fact that in Hare's opinion human beings do happen to be similar in their wants.

2) In contrast to Hare, Philippa Foot holds that there are conceptual constraints on what we can want. Her arguments take two forms. There is the absurdity in saying that anyone could desire to be harmed, for example; and there is the negative consideration that, since all other evaluations seem to be made in contexts that set limits of a conceptual kind on what can be held to be good, it is difficult to see why moral judgments should not be of this type too. Alan Montefiore suggests how the latter point , may be supported by a positive argument according to which there are indeed conceptual restrictions on our moral judgments.

3) Hare points to errors in Foot's accounts. One is a failure to see that although words may contain evaluative aspects as part of their meaning, this in no way limits what we can want, for we may always find neutral terms in which to express ourselves. Another error relates to, failing to take account of two aspects of the concept of wants. In one sense wants have to do only with one's own interests while in the other they may run counter to these interests. The distinction enables Hare to distinguish the ordinary moral man from the moral fanatic and to argue that what Foot considers conceptual absurdity is only contingent oddity. My thesis attempts to show that Foot's distinction rather than Hare's is correct.

4) Hare's view excludes any claim that our moral beliefs are logically determined by a certain conceptual apparatus and hence affirms that opinions about what constitute a moral good are logically independent of the particular culture in which they occur. Whereas this dismissal of moral relativism is a consequence of Hare's analysis of moral judgments, my analysis indicates that his can occur only within a context of normative presuppositions which, consequently, are not brought into question. Inasmuch as these presuppositions are embodied in the conceptual apparatus of a certain culture it is not evident, if I am correct, that Hare has avoided what is correct in the claims of the relativist.

5) Relativism can have a strong and a week form, and my account commits me only to the weaker. According to the stronger form we must indicate the cultural context in which the moral evaluation is made if we are to understand the evaluation, but that we can not then ask if one culture is morally superior to another. The weaker version, while also holding that moral judgments are only understood in the context of a specific culture, does not go on to deny that we can then morally evaluate between them, and also make internal Changes. In this weak form the constr8ints imposed on the individual moral claims are analogous to restrictions on scientific claims, so that although we are faced with conceptual restrictions not admitted by Hare it does not follow that we each do not have in some sense to make up our own minds on moral issues in the same way that we do on scientific theories. There are restrictions on what constitutes comprehensible criticisms in both, but nothing impossible in giving criticisms and alternatives in either.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: A philosophic approach to social and economic theory

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: THE ECONOMIC THEORY OF SOCIALISM

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: The Ekderky's Co-residence with Children: A Study of Japanese Households

contributor:
Liaw, K-L.
Geography

subject: Geography Geography

abstract:
The impact of modernization has prompted demographic changes which have led to the dramatic aging of populations throughout the world. The aging of a population affects many aspects within societies, including household structures like co-residence. The overall theme of this study is an examination of the co-residence of Japanese households in 1986. Two different perpsectives are employed - that of the elderly and that of the household heads who are the adult children of elderly parents. In both perspectives of the study, hypotheses are proposed and explanatory factors are selected based on the nature of the micro data being used. These factors are statistically evaluated by a multivariate binomial logit model.

For the elderly perspective of co-residence, the most important factor affecting an elderly individual's propensity to co-reside with child is occupation. Family-oriented types of work have a strong positive relation to co-resident households. Female elderly are more prone to co-residing than male elderly but this adherence becomes very small when their spouses are still alive. Increases in age also tend to increase the elderly's coresidence tendency. Better educated elderly and those who are more mobile (non-natives and foreign born) have a much weaker propensity for co-residence. Cultural regions are also significant in identifying the residential patterns of household structures among the elderly.

For the household head perspective, sibling status is the most important determinant for co-residence with elderly parents. Surplus children are very weak candidates for sharing living arrangements with parents. Non-natives and better educated household heads also share a negative co-residence tendency. The existence of spouseless parents strongly enhances the co-residence propensity especially when these parents are mothers. As parents' age(s) increases, so does the household heads' propensity for co-residence. When both household heads and their spouses are employed in family-oriented work, the co-residence propensity strengthens.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Economics of advertising

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: Imperfect or Monopolistic Competition

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: Profit- Sharing in Canada

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: Industrial Labour Conditions In Canada

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: Economic planning or laissez-faire

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Austenite Decomposition in the Iron-rich Iron-Manganese System

contributor:
Kirkaldy, J.S.
Metallurgy

subject: Metallurgy Metallurgy

abstract:
A thermodynamically self consistent phase diagram together with T₀ line for iron-rich Fe-Mn system has been evaluated using the experimental tie-line information from this study and other sources and thermodynamic data from the literature.

The competing morphologies resulting from the decomposition of Fe-Mn austenite due to variation in composition and cooling rate are equiaxed, ragged ferrite and lath morphology. The former two may result via a massive mode, whereas the last one may be due to a martensitic reaction. The massive mode of decomposition has been observed in the two phase field of this system.

The solute drag theory for massive transformation due to Hillert and Sundman has been further developed for the low velocity branch. Our theory predicts a C-shaped TTT curve and an optimum in the rate of entropy production with respect to a structure parameter related to defect density.

Isothermal transformation tests have yielded a C-shaped TTT curve for Fe-3.1%Mn alloy. The transformation behaviour has been explained as controlled by trace interstitial impurities (C and N) diffusion above the nose and by the massive mode at lower temperatures.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: These Shadows of Imagination: A Psychoanalytical Approach to S.T. Coleridge's "Christabel"

subject:
English Language and Literature
English Language and Literature

abstract:
Samuel Taylor Coleridge's poem "Christabel" is one of the many unfinished works that has intrigued critics since it was first published in 1816. Due to its incomplete nature the poem readily lends itself to a variety of interpretations, such as the theme of Christian redemption or, more popularly, the belief that the poem was one of the first tales in England of the vampire. Many of the interpretations to date, however, do not adequately explain Coleridge's failure to finish this haunting work, nor do they satisfy the emotional attachment that is formed between the reader and the characters of this poem.

The major emphasis of this thesis will be to penetrate the literal level of the poem in order to explore the symbolic material which "covers but not hides" the intense amount of psychological material in the work. By following the thoughts and ideas of Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung, the ultimate desires, or wish fulfilment. of the narrator of the poem, will be explored as they are represented by the relationship between the poem's eponymous heroine, and the mysterious and Perilous visitor, Geraldine. This relationship and the many conflicts it arouses in the narrator will reveal a potent reason for Coleridge's abandonment not only of this particular work, but of poetic creation in general.

abstract: Master of English


title: "My Life is in the Falling Leaf": Ambivalence in the Seasonal Imagery and Life of Christina Rossetti

contributor:
Ferns, John
English

abstract: This thesis explores the nuances Christina Rossetti perceives in the seasonal cycle, examining how she understands them to mirror the complexities she attributes to human life and to reflect her ambivalent feelings toward her own existence. By analyzing Rossetti's numerous portrayals of spring, summer, autumn and winter, I aim to penetrate some of the ambiguities of her life-experience ignored by many previous critics in their characterization of her life as a continual struggle between her religious convictions and instinctual desires or as a triumph over such a rift through the act of writing. Chapters one and two analyze her association of her family, in particular her mother, with the affirmative meanings she attributes to spring and summer. They also examine her linking of herself to the rejuvenating forces she sees inherent in those seasons, suggesting that, through this bond, she celebrates her relationship with the material world, developing an inner sense of physical and spiritual wellbeing. They continue to show how her distancing of herself from the destructive forces of the world she sees exemplified in the volatility of spring and summer thwarts the process that has the potential to make her a happier, more fulfilled person. Similarly, in chapters three and four, I discuss how her acknowledgement of the creative powers of autumn and winter reveal her embracing of them as an attempt to experience the latter stages of human life she conceives them to symbolize. I then argue that her regression to their more conventional associations with dying and death complicates her attempt, rooting her more firmly in the painful dimensions of existence she wants to avoid: loneliness, anxiety and despair.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: "A Lexicon Technicum for this Present Age": Scientific Satire in Defoe's Consolidator

contributor:
Blewett, David L.
English

abstract:
In his Consolidator, Defoe, like many seventeenth- and eighteenth-century writers, ridicules the natural sciences of the day. His attack on the sciences, however, is ironic. Contemporary religion and politics, and not science, are the principal objects of hi satire. Defoe's ostensible attack on the sciences is in fact directly related to, and a significant component of, his comments on the religious and political controversies of his day.

This thesis seeks to illustrate how sections of The Consolidator parody the language of contemporary philosophical transactions, and how this parody contributes to Defoe's social satire. The Introduction to the thesis provides a brief survey of the critical attention paid to Defoe's relationship with the "new sciences." Chapter One discusses Defoe's use of irony in his attack on the sciences, and illustrates how specific sections of The Consolidator parody contemporary scientific writing. Chapter Two relates this parody to Defoe's political satire, and Chapter Three relates it to his religious satire.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Garden Paintings of Pompeii: Context and Meaning

contributor:
George, M.
Classical Studies

subject: Classics Classics

abstract:
Garden paintings are ubiquitous in Campanian wall painting. This thesis examines the garden compositions of Pompeii. Despite the large number of well-preserved garden frescoes, these scenes have received relatively little attention from modem scholars. Yet following the earthquake of 62 A.D. they were among the first elements to be repaired by the inhabitants of Pompeii. Furthermore, due to the ephemeral nature of real gardens, garden paintings provide valuable information about the typical plantings, landscaping, decoration, and furnishings found in ancient viridaria.

Chapter 1 surveys the gardens and depictions of gardens found in the vicinity of Rome, including funerary gardens, market gardens, private imperial gardens, and public horti. Garden paintings from Livia's Villa at Prima Porta, the Auditorium of Maecenas, the Domus Publica, the Farnesina House, and the Tomb of Patro are discussed in this chapter.

Chapter 2 gives a detailed description of the types of features and decorations found in the real gardens of Pompeii. Important background information regarding the source of inspiration of garden paintings is conveyed by outlining the characteristic elements of private gardens.

Chapter 3 enumerates and discusses the basic elements found in garden compositions. The elements are divided into three separate and distinct categories, namely architectural elements, decorative elements, and flora and fauna.

The composition of garden paintings is examined in Chapter 4. The arrangement of the constituent elements, such as lines, colours, and shapes comprises the main focus of this analysis.

Chapter 5 deals with the placement of garden paintings within domestic settings. Trends, such as the tendency to place verdant scenes in certain types of rooms and in conjunction with specific thematic programs, are identified in this chapter.

The discussion of the final chapter revolves around the possible functions of garden paintings. Specific roles were assigned to garden paintings in indoor and outdoor contexts.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Plays of Arnold Bennett

contributor:
Bishop, Alan
English

abstract:
This thesis examines the plays of Arnold Bennett. In the years immediately preceding World War I, Bennett was an extremely popular and successful playwright. With the advent of the War, however, Bennett's success as a playwright came to an end. Although Bennett had nine plays produced between 1919 and his death in 1931, only one, Mr. Prohack, received moderate critical and popular acceptance. At the time, this seemed to suggest either that Bennett burned himself out during the War or that he could not adjust to the changes in the theatre - that his achievement was both opportune and ephemeral. Yet several important factors may have influenced contemporary judgment or Bennett's contribution as a playwright.

Bennett's playwriting technique was similar to his novel-writing technique. He wrote a great deal that was either never published or immediately dismissed as mediocre. He served a long apprenticeship as a playwright from 1894 until 1908, working alone and in collaboration. Yet none of this work appeared on stage. Later, after his initial recognition as a playwright in 1908, he continued to write plays that were never produced. The critical judgment of Bennett's playwriting, then, depends upon the plays chosen to represent his achievement as a playwright.

Perhaps more than other literary works, the play is very susceptible to "external" influences. The choice of director, producer,actors, theatre, and so on, can all have a decisive influence on the acceptance of a play. The changes brought about by the War, for example, had a profound effect on the public's attitude to the theatre and, apparently, to Bennett's plays. But practical problems can also influence critical perception of a play. For instance, Bennett's Mr. Prohack had a very successful opening with Charles Laughton in the lead. Unfortunately, the lease on the theatre ran out, Laughton accepted new commitments, and what had promised to be a long run ended abruptly.

In addition, Bennett offended theatre critics by declaring that he wrote plays to make money, and that plays were far easier to write than novels. And since he had achieved his first fame as a novelist, Bennett might have been seen as an interloper in the theatre. Probably he did not help his acceptance when, according to Kinley Roby, he described theatregoers as "untrained, child-like intelligences, just arousing themselves to the significance of things".

Now, over fifty years after his death, criticism of Bennett's plays can be more objective. It is "literary criticism" rather than "drama criticism", however, because his plays are seldom produced now. But the critic who carefully reads Bennett's plays can arrive at a fair evaluation of his work.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: "Onward Christian Soldiers": A Study of the Role of Religion in Death of A Hero, A Farewell to Arms, and Generals Die in Bed

abstract:
In the years 1929 and 1930, a plethora of 'anti-war' novels was published. Three such novels were Richard Aldington's Death of a Hero, Ernest Hemingway's A Farewell to Arms, and Charles Yale Harrison's Generals Die in Bed.

In 1916, Aldington enlisted in the British Army as a private, saw active combat, and emerged from the war with a captain's commission. Death of a Hero, which is based on Aldington; s war experience, was published in 1929, and achieved immense popular success. It appeared at a point in Aldington's career when he was already well known and highly regarded as a poet and critic. The novel stands as an important historical as well as literary document, and has been favourably and justifiably compared with Erich Remarque's All Quiet on the Western Front, and with Ernest Hemingway's A Farewell to Arms.

A Farewell to Arms was published in 1929, and in that year became the best selling novel in America. It is Hemingway's second novel, and many critics regard it as his best work. Originally intended to be a short story, its completed first draft ran to 650 manuscript pages. The novel is based on Hemingway's experiences in Italy during the First World War, in which he served as a Red Cross ambulance driver on the Italian front, and was wounded by an Austrian trench mortar on July 8, 1918.

Charles Yale Harrison was a private in the Canadian Army, and fought in France and Belgium with the Royal Montreal Regiment until he was wounded during the Battle of Amiens on August 8, 1918. Generals Die in Bed was published in 1930 in England, after being rejected by several American publishers. However, it received international acclaim; a Spanish edition appeared in 1930 and French and Russian translations were released in 1931.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Republic V: The Equality of Physis

contributor:
Lewis, Thomas J.
Political Economy

subject:
Political Science
Political Science

abstract: This thesis is an examination of Plato's proposal for female guardians, which he introduces as the first wave in Book V of the Republic. The proposal for female guardians elicited attention in the early 1970s, because it contained a discussion of gender equality. The thesis specifically focused on the political implications and consequences of Plato's discussion of the idea of justice, the purpose of politics and a conception of gender. For the purpose of this examination, the thesis was divided into two main sections. First, the thesis systematically catalogued the current commentary on Plato's proposal for female guardians. To facilitate an understanding of this commentary, the thesis explored both the previous theoretical framework and the public issues that provided a context for the recent commentary on Book V. Second, it provided an independent examination of Book V. To more thoroughly understand the proposal, the thesis focused on three aspects often neglected in commentary, but relevant to interpretation: the relationship between oikos and polis in ancient Greece, the connection between the first wave and the argument of the Republic and an argument against a literal interpretation of Book V. The independent interpretation of Book V focused on the connection between the function an individual performed in the city and the foundation of politics. For Plato, this foundation was based on organizing the functions in the city according to the need each individual has for others. The proposal for female guardians bases the qualification for ruling and soldering on an understanding of an individual's physis or potential that is not connected to gender. This organization of the city by of non-gender specific functions is Plato's idea of justice. Each individual performs the one function which suits him or her in order to be the most useful to each other. The necessity of gender for reproduction complicates Plato's organization by non-gender specific functions. Thus, the proposal for female guardians is not possible, because during their childbearing years guardian women are most useful as bearers of children and primarily would not perform the function based on their physis. In addition, the attempt to make all aspects of human life, including one's emotions, gender, and family fulfill the requirement of usefulness questions whether the city in speech is the best city. Thus, an examination the first wave of Book V indicates that the city in speech is neither possible nor desirable. Instead of a literal political manifesto, Book V is revealed to be a discussion of the consequences of implementing an extreme idea of justice in a political regime.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Consensus and Liberal Democracy: Quebec in the Late Twentieth Century

contributor:
Hunter, Alfred A.
Sociology

subject: Sociology Sociology

abstract: An essential issue in the analysis of modern liberal democracy is the role of social consensus in the creation, institutionalization and stabilization of democracy. Both consensus and conflict theories implicitly address the role of consensus in democracy. Consensus theory cites the widespread existence of consensus as one of the necessary conditions which allow for the initial creation of democracy. By contrast, conflict theory denies consensus a stabilizing role in democracy; instead, it is the threat or reality of coercion, either economic or physical, that binds democracies together. Neither theory explicitly identifies the source of consensus. Democratic rights are postulated as the focus of consensus for consensus theory. Conflict theory supports the view that democratic procedures will be the focus of whatever consensus exists in society and that this consensus will be segmented by class. This theoretical framework is examined using data from the "Social Change in Canada" project for French Quebec in the context of the nationalist struggle for sovereignty from 1976 to 1981. The results indicate that consensus is focused upon democratic procedures, providing minimal support for conflict theory. However, there was no evidence to support the prediction of a class-based segmentation of consensus. Nor was there any support for consensus theory, casting doubt on the explanatory power of the consensus-conflict debate for modern liberal democracy.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: "www.hate.org" -- The North American White Supremacist Movement: An Analysis of Internet Hate Web Sites

contributor:
Satzewich, V.
Sociology

subject: Sociology Sociology

abstract: This thesis is a qualitative study of North American white supremacist organisations, and their Internet web sites. Major issues framing the discussion include identity and racism. The thesis takes into consideration Goffman's concepts of 'impression management' and 'presentation of self as they relate to the web site manifestations of 'white power' groups. The purpose of the study is to analyse how a sample of white supremacist groups present themselves and their ideologies in the context of the World Wide Web, and what elements they use as a part of their 'performances', including text, phraseology, and images. Presentation of self intersects with racism in that many modern white supremacists use aspects of the 'new racism', 'coded language' and 'rearticulation' in the attempt to make their fundamentally racist worldview more palatable to the mainstream. Impression management techniques are employed in a complex manner, in either a 'positive' or 'negative' sense. Used positively, methods may be employed to impress the audience with the 'rationality' of the arguments and ideas put forth by the web site creators. Such techniques include the use of euphemistic or pseudo-academic language, allusions to famous figures, non-violence and mainstream issues, and stylistic devices. When used in a negative sense, impression management tactics may be used to strengthen the view of the white supremacist movement as extreme and threatening, to mask what may actually be the weakness and powerlessness of these groups in reality. In this case, explicit and biological language is used, along with vilification, allusions to violence and racist symbolism. Other factors including materials used, size, appearance and interactivity of web sites may affect both the positive and negative performances in complex ways.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Economic Problem of the Agricultural Producer in Canada

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: Hans Denck and the Debate of the Freedom of the Will

contributor:
Klaassen, Walter
Aldwinckle, Russell F.
Divinity College

subject: Religion

abstract: This work is particularly concerned with Hans Denck as one of the first leaders of South German Anabaptism, in his relation to the debate on free will between 1524 and 1526. In addition to the examination of Erasmus' and Luther's treatises and of the positions of Carlstadt and the Peasant of Woehrd (Diepold Peringer), Denck's tract, Was geredt sey, is studied in detail against the background of his biblical, mystical, and humanistic-philosophical orientation.

abstract: Bachelor of Divinity (BD)


title: WHITHER THE SOVEREIGN STATE? HUMANTARIAN INTERVENTION AND STATE SOVEREIGNTY

contributor:
Nossal, Kim Richard
Political Science

subject:
Political Science
Political Science

abstract: This thesis is an examination into the nature of sovereignty and humanitarian intervention since the end of the Cold War. This inquiry has tried to understand how the use of military force to secure safety zones, in order to safely deliver and distribute required humanitarian assistance, has effected commonly held beliefs about sovereign statehood. In particular, I have focussed on three questions: What does sovereignty mean to international relations in the 1990s, how has recent humanitarian intervention in Iraq and Somalia affected the sovereignty of the host state, and what lessons can be drawn from these recent cases in regards to both the future of humanitarian intervention and the future of sovereignty? In the end, I find that recent humanitarian intervention in Iraq and Somalia does not signal the end as sovereign statehood, but rather, demonstrates the central importance of sovereignty for international relations.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: THE INFLUENCE OF GEORGE HERBERT ON GERARD MANLEY HOPKINS

contributor:
Ferns, H.J.
English

abstract:
This study considers the extent of George Herbert's influence on Gerard Manley Hopkins' poetry; some attention is also given to the spiritual importance of the former poet to the latter. Herbert is often called Hopkins' favourite poet, and various echoes . of his poetry are identified by critics in Hopkins' poetry. Some of these do not necessarily originate with Herbert. Other possible sources, for instance their common commitment as Christians to the Bible, are therefore considered in order to underscore the complexities involved in establishing this influence. The true nature of originality in poetry is discussed in this context. The abundance of Herbertian elements which this study finds in Hopkins' early. poems removes any doubts about the influence of Herbert on Hopkins. It is then shown that, after becoming a Roman Catholic, Hopkins continues to be influenced significantly by the Anglican poet.

It is suggested that Hopkins first encountered Herbert's poetry at Oxford, under the influence of the Tractarians. Their limited view of Herbert, together with the related views of Herbert held by the Romantics and the Pre-Raphaelites, are therefore considered at some length. In his mature poems Hopkins seems to have come to a fuller appreciation of Herbert's poetry than that afforded by his contemporaries; the ways in which he incorporates some of Herbert's stylistic features in later poems, while developing a style that is peculiarly different to Herbert's, are touched upon in this light. Herbert's influence on Hopkins is, thus, an important one which remains extensive throughout Hopkins' poetic life.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


contributor:
Eilers, Claude
Classics

subject: Classics Classics

abstract: The title of this thesis is Ambitus: Electoral Corruption and Aristocratic Competition in the Age of Cicero, and its purpose is threefold. First, it is an examination of documentary evidence concerning legislative action against electoral bribery in Rome during that last years of the republic. Second, it explores the rather creative responses to the legal restrictions those laws imposed on overzealous candidates and electioneers. Finally, it investigates the implications of electoral bribery in the wider context of Roman politics, what role it played in determining the electoral freedom of voters in Rome, and the main difficulty inherent in studies of ambitus; its ambiguity.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Concept of Labour in Locke's Political Theory

contributor:
Simpson, Evan
Philosophy

subject: Philosophy Philosophy

abstract:
This thesis is an analysis of the concept of labour in John Locke's political theory as seen in the Two Treatises of Government. Locke uses the concept of labour in relation to his discussion on property. He does not explicitly define labour, but he does discuss labour primarily in relation to land, beasts and the fruits of the earth, and he emphasises the labour theory of value. Because of this, much of the secondary literature has assumed that Locke understood labour as productive labour only. If the context in which Locke introduces labour is examined, it is not clear that his understanding of labour is limited in this way.

Locke introduces labour in the context of individuals rights and duties to survive. He discusses the various duties individuals have towards each other and especially the duties parents have towards their children. Such duties require labour and the labour associated with them is central to Locke's political theory. Feminist theorists have pointed out that it is often assumed that the labour associated with certain duties, such as parenting, is not politically relevant labour. This means that the individuals responsible for such labour are at a distinct disadvantage, since they must perform labour that is not recognized as important or politically relevant.

To label Locke's concept of labour "productive" is to neglect the importance of duties in his theory. The Law of Nature is fundamental, civil society, or any other society, cannot obliterate the duties which arise from it. The labour necessary for performing these duties is broader than productive labour only.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Bank of Canada

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: The Economics of National Defence

subject:
Political Economy
Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: Black Bodies, Queer Pleasures: Race and Sexuality in AIDS Narratives

contributor:
Clark, David L.
English

abstract:
A now significant body of biographical and autobiographical narratives about HIV and AIDS reminds us that the pandemic can be represented and reconsidered in ways that are significantly different from how the crisis has hitherto often been imagined. The complex ways in which the pandemic is caught up in the question of race is one of the many pressing questions raised by AIDS narratives, and it is to that question that my thesis responds. Particularly useful to my argument will be contemporary theoretical articulations of the AIDS "subject" that treat the "body" not only as the embodied site of viral loads and parasitic infections but also as the discursive location of layered inscriptions that fully reflect anxieties about sexuality, race, class, and health.

I intend to explore the diverse ways in which race and sexuality articulate each other within AIDS discourses by examining two important texts that explore the lives of AIDS subjects in powerfully racially inflected terms: Jamaica Kincaid's autobiographical narrative about the life and AIDS death of her sibling, My Brother, and Gary Fisher's collection ofjournal entries, short stories, and poems entitled Gary in Your Pocket. Each text raises intriguing and often troubling questions about the AIDS crisis in cultures that are already trapped in unresolved and perhaps unresolvable crises of race. Kincaid's mother, in effect, says it all when she observes that "the disease has made [her son] so black" (Kincaid, 9). What post-colonial and racial conditions must be in place for an Antiguan mother to render her son as the diseased man of colour, where race and illness are mutually substitutable figures for abjection? Gary in Your Pocket, written by Fisher but edited and brought to publication by Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick after his death, becomes, in part, a work of endless mourning. What kind of political and ethical work does Sedgwick seem to want Fisher's writing to bear? By viewing the AIDS-body in a specific cultural and historical context, it may be possible to gain clearer insight into the ways in which the body becomes both a surface to be inscribed or written on, as well as a site of the production of ideologies and discourses.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Some Effects of Canadian Tariffs

contributor:
E., John E.
Political Economy

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: Canadian Life Insurance Investments 1927-1946

contributor:
Barber, C. L.
Political Economy

subject:
Political Economy
Political Economy

abstract: A survey of the growth and the disposition of the investments of Canadian life insurance companies over the period 1927 to 1946.

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) in Aqueous Media

contributor:
Hamielec, A.E.
Chemical Engineering

subject:
Chemical Engineering
Chemical Engineering

abstract:
This thesis deals with the different aspects of the successful application of size exclusion chromatography (SEC) for the molecular weight distribution (MWD) measurement of water soluble polymers. These aspects include methodology of mobile-phase development, selection of packing pore-sizes and methodology of molecular weight calibration and chromatogram interpretation. Qualitative understanding of ion-exclusion and adsorption, two of the more important and least understood complex phenomena in aqueous SEC was also provided.

The polar nature and unique physical properties of water-soluble polymers in solution were found to be critically important in selection of mobile-phases and pore sizes. Due to the active sites present with most porous packing materials adequately suited for aqueous SEC application, adsorption, one of the resulting complications, was reduced preferentially, by addition of non-ionic surfactants such as Tergitol or polyethylene oxide to the mobile-phase. Ion-exclusion was controlled and reduced by addition of varying amounts of salt and/or acid to the mobile-phase. The optimal pH and ionic strength to the mobile-phase depended on the type of polymer being investigated. No common mobile-phase was found for the four polymers investigated (dextran, hydrolysed and non-hydrolysed polyacrylamide, and sodium polystyrene sulfonate).

From viscosity data, these polymers were found to cover a very wide range of sizes in solution, with dextran being exceptionally very compact in solution when compared to polyacrylamide of the same molecular weight (MW). For this reason, selection of pore sizes was found to be critically important in achieving minimum peak broadening and maximum separation. Selection of one multi-column SEC system for general application to different water-soluble polymers was found not to be possible.

Two powerful methods of molecular weight calibration, where simultaneously the peak broadening correction factors and the true molecular weight calibration curve are obtained, were developed. These methods require the use of multiple polydisperse MW standards, with known (Mn, Mw) or (Mn, [ƞ]). From these methods, a new shape of the instrumental spreading function was found. This was more general symmetric exponential type of spreading function provides a very simple definition of axial dispersion coefficient, which was shown not to be the most important fundamental parameter in SEC. With this shape function, apart from D2, the slope of the true MW calibration curve, the most important fundamental parameter (in the absence of skewing) was found to be the polyplatykurtic coefficient, its important increasing with increasing polydispersity of polymer samples.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: EXAMINING THE INDEPENDENCE AND CONTROL OF THE FINGERS

contributor:
Keir, Peter
Kinesiology

subject:
Finger Independence and Control
Enslaving Effect
Extensor Digitorum
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
Surface EMG
Ramp Exertions
Biomechanics
Motor Control
Biomechanics

abstract: Biomechanical and neural factors have both been suggested to contribute to the limited independence of finger movement and involuntary force production. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the degree of finger independence by examining the activity of the four compartments of extensor digitorum (ED) and flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) using surface electromyography and involuntary force production in the non-task fingers using methods such as the “enslaving effect” (EE) and the “selectivity index” (SI). Twelve male participants performed a series of 5-second sub-maximal exertions at 5, 25, 50 and 75% of maximum using isometric isotonic and ramp finger flexion and extension exertions. Ramp exertions were performed from 0 to 85% of each finger’s maximum force with ascending and descending phases taking 4.5 seconds each with 0.5 seconds of plateau at 85%. Lower EE and higher SI (more selective force production) was found in flexion exertions compared to extension partially due to the higher activity of the antagonist ED compartments counterbalancing the involuntary activation of the non-task FDS compartments. Minimal FDS activity was seen during extension exertions. At forces up to and including 50%, both EE and muscle activity of the non-task compartments were significantly higher in descending exertions than the isotonic or ascending exertions. The selectivity index was also lower during the descending flexion and extension exertions at 25 and 50% MVC exertions. Up to mid-level forces, both finger proximity and contraction mode affects involuntary force production and muscle activation while at higher forces only finger proximity (and not the exertion mode) contributes to finger independence. The fingers were less selective at higher exertion levels (75% MVC) and all 3 exertion modes resulted in similar SI at 75% MVC in all flexion and extension exertions.

abstract: Master of Science in Kinesiology


title: Body Composition and Bone Health During Hypoenergetic Diet- and Exercise-induced Weight Loss Are Enhanced by Diets Higher in Dairy Foods and Dietary Protein

contributor: Stephanie A. Atkinson, Mark A. Tarnopolsky

subject:
Body Composition
Bone Health
Dairy
Higher Protein
Exercise
Weight Loss
Exercise Science
Human and Clinical Nutrition
Exercise Science

abstract: Obesity is a major health concern. Strategies to reduce obesity including weight loss by energy restriction have disease risk reduction benefits, however, energy restriction alone often leads to the loss of muscle mass. Muscle is a very important tissues in the body particularly from a metabolic standpoint, thus, efforts to maintain it by promoting weight loss with the greatest ratio of fat:lean mass loss should be implemented. Also, bone health may be negatively affected by weight loss if hypoenergetic diets are suboptimal in calcium. Hence, the objective of this thesis was to determine how hypoenergetic diets varying in protein (amount and type) with exercise impacted the composition of weight lost and bone health in premenopausal, overweight and obese women. Ninety women were randomized to three groups (n=30/group): HiDairyPro, DairyPro and Control, differing in the quantity of total protein consumed (30%, 15% or 15% of energy, respectively) and the amount from dairy foods (high, moderate or low, respectively). Body composition was measured by DXA and fourier-transform near infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIR) at 0, 8 and 16 weeks, and visceral adipose tissue by MRI (n=39) at 0 and 16 weeks. Blood and urine samples were taken at 0 and 16 weeks. All groups lost similar body weight, but HiDairyPro lost significantly more total and visceral fat, and gained significantly more lean mass than Control (Chapter 2). HiDairyPro significantly improved bone health and vitamin D status compared to Control (Chapter 3). DXA and FT-NIR measured fat mass correlated and agreed well with each other (Chapter 4). Therefore, diet- and exercise-induced weight loss with higher protein and dairy promoted more favourable body composition changes and improved bone health versus diets with lower protein and no dairy. These data have strong implications for the design of weight loss programs to combat obesity.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: The Observational and Theoretical Tidal Radii of Globular Clusters in M87

contributor:
Sills, Alison
Harris, William E.
Wadsley, James
Physics and Astronomy

subject:
Tidal Radius
Globular Clusters
M87
Gravitational Potential
Milky Way
Orbital Anisotropy
External Galaxies
External Galaxies

abstract:
Globular clusters have linear sizes (tidal radii) which are theoretically de- termined by their mass and by the gravitational potential of their host galaxy. However observationally, cluster sizes are simply a determination of where the cluster’s surface brightness profile becomes zero. This distance is also known as the limiting radius. While it is commonly assumed that the tidal radius and the limiting radius of a globular cluster are the same thing, it has yet to be validated. The purpose of this thesis is to explore the assumption that cluster tidal radii and limiting radii are equal by comparing the tidal radii of an observed and simulated globular cluster population.

An established link between cluster tidal radii and limiting radii will yield new methods of utilizing globular clusters as tools for studying galaxies. If cluster sizes are truly imposed by the tidal field of the host galaxy, then tidal radii measurements can be used to trace the mass distribution within a galaxy, including the dark matter halo. Additionally, as we will demonstrate in this thesis, cluster sizes can also be used a tracer for the orbital anisotropy profile of a galaxy.

To explore the assumption that tidal radii and limiting radii are equal, we utilize the globular cluster population of the Virgo giant M87. Unusually deep, high signal-to-noise images of M87 are used to determine the radius for approximately 2000 globular clusters. To compare with these observations, we simulate a globular cluster population that has the same characteristics to the observed M87 cluster population. These characteristics include cluster radial distribution, mass distribution, central concentration distribution and line of sight velocity dispersion. Placing these simulated clusters in the well-studied tidal field of M87, the orbit of each cluster is solved and the theoretical tidal radius of each cluster is determined. We compare the predicted relationship between cluster size and projected galactocentric distance found in our sim- ulation to observations in order to test whether a cluster’s tidal radius and limiting radius are equal. We find that for an isotropic distribution of cluster velocities, theoretical tidal radii are approximately equal to observed limiting radii. The simulation predicts the observed increase in cluster size with galac- tocentric distance, which is expected if tidal radii are dependent on the tidal field. Additionally, simulated cluster sizes are of the same order of magnitude as observed cluster sizes. However the simulation does underestimate cluster sizes in the inner regions of M87. To minimize the discrepancy between theory and observations, we further explore the effects of orbital anisotropy on cluster sizes, and suggest a possible orbital anisotropy profile for M87 which yields the best fit between theory and observations. Finally, we suggest multiple future studies which will aid in our understanding of tidal theory and in establishing a stronger link between tidal radii and limiting radii.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: The Effect of Lactobacillus reuteri on Host Immune and Cell Alterations During an Enteric Parasitic Infection

contributor:
Khan, Waliul
Bienenstock, John
Ratcliffe, Elyanne
Medical Sciences

subject:
probiotics
enteric infection
parasite
host defense
goblet cells
intestine
immune response
immunity
Digestive System Diseases
Gastroenterology
Parasitic Diseases
Digestive System Diseases

abstract:
Parasite infections around the world are a huge economic burden and decrease the quality of life for many people. Probiotic bacteria are being investigated as a possible treatment for many enteric issues due to their beneficial effects by altering the immune system. Goblet cells are the main source of mucins in the gut, and play an important role in host defense. Alterations in goblet cells and mucin have been implicated in a number of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases and infections. The aim of this study is to develop a probiotic based strategy to modulate goblet cell function in relation to host defense in enteric infection. Utilizing a murine model of parasite infection, Trichuris muris, we examined the effect of daily administration with probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri in different strains of mice and investigation of goblet cell alterations, immune and inflammatory responses in gut, and host defense mechanisms.

Treatment with live L. reuteri significantly enhanced worm expulsion in resistant C57BL/6 mice and this was associated with significant increase in goblet cells numbers and an increase in IL-10. This lead to investigation of the probiotic effects in IL-10 knock out (KO) and Muc2 KO mice during the infection. There was no difference of worm burden or goblet cell amounts in infected IL-10 KO mice infected treated with probiotic or medium. In infected Muc2 KO mice treated with L. reuteri, there was an earlier increase of goblet cells, and a corresponding decrease in worm numbers. Finally, assessment of this probiotic in susceptible ARK mice revealed no alterations in worm burden, but the treatment prevented the increase in IFN-γ and IL-1β and significantly increased goblet cell numbers.

These data demonstrate that altering the flora with probiotic L. reuteri treatment can modulate intestinal goblet cell biology and immune responses in gut, and promote worm expulsion, possibly through an IL-10 mediated mechanism. The increases in goblet cell numbers may also play a role in the early expulsion of the parasite. In addition to enhancing our understanding on the beneficial effect of probiotics in host defense in enteric infection, this research provides new information on gut function in the context of goblet cells and mucins.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: The Fatherhood of God: Athanasius and Gregory of Nazianzus

contributor:
Widdicombe, Peter
Kroeker, Travis
Westerholm, Stephen
Religion

subject: Athanasius

subject: Nazianzus

subject: Fatherhood

subject: Patristics

subject: Trinity

subject: Arians

subject: Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion

abstract: This thesis examines the concept of God as Father in the thinking of two Patristic authors: Athanasius (c. 293-373) and Gregory of Nazianzus (c. 329-390). Since God is called Father frequently in the New Testament both Athanasius and Gregory see the name as fundamental to understanding the nature of the intradivine life, as well as God’s relationship to humankind. The reliance of Patristic authors on the language of Father and Son brings relational language to the fore of Christological and trinitarian discussions of the 4th and 5th centuries. In this thesis, I endeavour to demonstrate the centrality of the fatherhood of God in the thinking of Athanasius and Gregory of Nazianzus, and to connect their thinking on this topic to larger theological questions of the period.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Genome-wide variation in the distribution of transposable and repetitive elements in the Western Clawed Frog (Silurana tropicalis)

contributor:
Evans, Ben J.
Dushoff, Jonathan
Golding, Brian G.
Biology

subject:
genome evolution
natural selection
African Clawed Frogs
gene expression
GC content
Genetics and Genomics
Genetics and Genomics

abstract: Repetitive elements, including tandem repeats and transposable elements (TE), are genetic features of all plant and animal genomes. Despite their abundance and the phylogenetic breadth of host genomes, factors that control the genome-wide distribution of repetitive elements are not well understood. Here we have evaluated the correlation between various genomic predictor variables such as gene expression level, distance from genes, and GC content, with the presence of TEs and non-TE repeats in two kilobase windows of the complete genome sequence of the Western Clawed Frog (Silurana tropicalis). We found that the distributions of different classes of TEs and repeats have distinct correlations with these predictor variables, including a generally strong negative correlation with proximity to exons and GC content. We also found that DNA transposons, but not retrotransposons, are preferentially inserted or preferentially retained near germline-expressed genes. Retrotransposons and simple repeats are found more often in or near conserved regions than expected by chance. These results offer insights into various models that have been proposed to account for heterogeneity in the genomic distribution of repetitive elements, most notably for the “gene disruption model” which posits that TE insertion and repeat presence near or in genes imposes costs to host fitness. In general, multiple lines of evidence suggests that the nature of natural selection on TE and other repetitive element evolution in this frog appears to be similar to that acting on TE and other repetitive elements in the human genome. This is possibly related to the similar size and level of complexity of the genomes of both of these species.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: "Home at heart": The Experimental Use of Language in the Poetry of Gerard Manley Hopkins and E.E. Cummings.

contributor:
Ferns, John
English

abstract: Gerard Manley Hopkins and E.E. Cummings are both known for their innovative use of language. While each developed widely divergent styles, a study of their experimental approaches to language, particularly their use of deviant syntax, a syntax which violates existing linguistic norms, may provide valuable insight as to the comparative relationship between syntax and aesthetics in their poetry. Perceptual, emotional and conceptual aesthetic effects are achieved through the employment of similar syntactic devices such as deviant formation of words, shifts in the function of words and shifts in word order. The resulting dramatic and perceptual precision of the two poets' language is no less significant than its metaphorical and analogical functions. Spatial, visual and musical analogies from the arts provided both Hopkins and Cummings with paradigms for structuring the elements of language in new ways in order to achieve greater expressive power and imaginative precision. The 'housing' of the deepest areas of human experience in language, particularly through deviant syntax, is the achievement of each of these highly distinctive poets.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Metaphors of Vision: A Fellowship of the Arts in the Novels of Iris Murdoch

contributor:
King, James
English

abstract: With a particular focus on painting, this study examines the major allusions to the visual arts in the novels of Iris Murdoch. Although some critics have recognized the important role the arts have to play in these novels, their discussions tend to be too general. This thesis attempts a more detailed look at the most significant grouping of the arts in the Murdoch canon, for as Murdoch herself believes, visual structures are fundamental to explanation in any field. The works of art treated here are considered as metaphors of vision, and these are set against the other major metaphors of vision in the novels, those relating to water imagery, for the emphasis on art in the early and middle stages of Murdoch's career shifts to one on nature in the later novels.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: THE MOVING IMAGE IN JOHN McGAHERN'S SHORT STORIES

contributor:
John, Brian
English

abstract:
Alienation is the central predicament in the short fiction of Irish writer, John McGahern. On the whole, however, the stories do not represent and explore particular forms and origins of alienated consciousness. Rather, the stories emphasize the human struggle to find meaning in an inherently alien world. The disinterest McGahern's work displays in pursuing definitive answers, and hence techniques to overcome alienation, suggests that alienation is a constant aspect of the human condition. And this basic axiom is complemented by the inconclusive quality of his stories.

Of greater concern in McGahern's short fiction is how alienation motivates the symbolic power of the imagination because to reflect, perceive and envision are the only means to mitigate estrangement. Even though alienation, ultimately, is inescapable, imagining and creating stories are life-giving activities which sympathetically and patiently reveal, from a limited glimmer of light, 'natural processes of living' in one's own life as well as others. McGahern's stories celebrate the human struggle to find meaning in the world.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: OLD AGE PENSIONS

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Within the past few decades a torrent of books, pamphlets and articles, advocating or criticizing solutions to the problem of aged dependency, have appeared. We fine, therefore, that the amount of literature upon the subject of old age pensions and insurance is now very considerable. The reason for the great amount of discussion on the subject is that the various solutions contain ethical, social and economic implications which are out of harmony with each other. In this thesis the author has attempted to present a general picture of the problem of caring for the aged rather that concentrate on some particular phase of it. This has been done in order to demonstrate the effect which these implications have had on the historical development of old age pensions and old age insurance, and to indicate the probable effect which they will have in future trends in these systems.

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: Photoisomerizations of Cyclohepta-2,4-dienones

contributor:
Childs, R. F.
Chemistry

subject: Chemistry Chemistry

abstract:
This thesis has resolved some rather fundamental and rudimentary questions concerning the photochemistry of cyclohepta-2,4-dienones.

A new approach has been taken to assess the role of (π,π*) excited states in the photoisomerizations of 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohepta-2,4-dienone, eucarvone. It involved an investigation of the low temperature photorearrangements of protonated eucarvone in fluorosulphuric acid. The results, in additions to those obtained from a re-examination of neutral eucarvone photochemistry, have demonstrated that both (π,π*) and (π,π*) states are involved in the formation of primary photoproducts. A scheme has been formulated which relates these products to these excited states.

An investigation of the photoisomerizations of cyclohepta-2,4-dienone and 2-methylcyclohepta-2,4-dienone has revealed that substituents have a profound influence upon the mode of reaction of the (π,π*) states of this dienone system. Whereas eucarvone was found to produce 3,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[4.1.0]hept-2-en-4-one from this state, the less substituted systems yielded only bicyclo [2.2.1]hept-2-en-7-ones. This substituent effect has been interpreted mechanistically in terms of an intermediate in the eucarvone reaction in which positive charge is developed upon the carbon bearing the two methyl groups.

A novel synthesis of cyclohepta-2,4-dienone has been developed which involved as the key step the thermal isomerization of protonated cyclohepta-3,5-dienone.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Biostratigraphy and Ammonoid Fauna of the Lower Jurassic (Sinemurian, Pliensbachian and Lowest Toarciar) of Eastern Oregon and Western Nevada

contributor:
Westermann, G.E.G.
Geology

subject: Geology Geology

abstract:
Over 2000 ammonite specimens from the Lower Jurassic of Oregon and Nevada are identified, described, and their stratigraphic ranges determined. At least 66 species are represented, distributed amongst 32 genera or subgenera and 9 families. Luningiceras is erected as a new subgenus of Acanthopleuroceras (type species A. (L.) pinnaforme n. sp.). Paltechioceras depressum, P. gettyi and Acanthopleuroceras (A.) mulleri, are described as new. Hyperderoceras and Asteroceras (Eparietites) are also probably represented by new species but the nature of the material does not warrant the establishment of new names.

The following assemblage zones are erected spanning the Sinemurian (excluding the lowest Sinemurian), Pliensbachian, and lowest Toarcian Stages: A. ceratitoides, P. harbledownense, P. rothpletzi, Acanthopleuroceras (Luningiceras) pinnaforme, D. dayiceroides, R. fannini, and Tiltoniceras propinquum. The zones are used to correlate the contrasted facies of Oregon and Nevada which are respectively eugeosynclinal and miogeosynclinal in aspect. The age of all the lithostratigraphic units discussed is either refined or revised. In the southern part of the Nevada study area, a regression occurred during the late Carixian and early Domerian which correlates with a time of transgression in the Suplee-Izee area of east-central Oregon. The Lower Jurassic sequences of the two states accumulated on separate microplates but the coincidence of regression and transgression suggests microplate interaction and hence, geographic proximity. Marine deposition was continuous at Westgate, Nevada but the presence of vertically imbedded ammonites and other lines of evidence suggest a shallow water environment of deposition. Analysis of the orientation of ammonite planes of bilateral symmetry indicate a palaeocurrent from the northwest.

The Lower Jurassic ammonites of Oregon and Nevada show Tethyan affinities. The Pliensbachian faunas of the northeast Pacific show a tripartite division into Boreal, mixed, and Tethyan faunas as in Europe but the transition is from west to east rather than from south to north. This pattern is caused by a northward transportation of the Wrangellia terrane relative to the North American plate since the Early Jurassic.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: The Problem of Unemployment in Canada, 1929- 1939

subject:
Political Economy
Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: Plato's Philosophic Dog

contributor:
Lewis, Thomas J.
Political Science

subject:
Political Science
Political Science

abstract:
The image of the philosophic dog plays a major role in the Republic. The analogy is used to illuminate the phenomenon of viciousness, a mode of behaviour that is ultimately self-destructive. Viciousness, as such, is intimately connected to the problem of the self. The analogy, therefore, functions as a guide into those very problems which affect the conception of the self.

When the image of the dog is invoked, the analogy alerts us to difficulties in the arguments of the dialogue. The analogy does not resolve these difficulties, since it only functions to give expression to them, but in so doing it plays a central role in providing a consistent thread which binds together the diverse issues that are brought up In the Republic.

Initially, the image is used to elucidate characteristics of the auxiliaries, but the image is subsequently implicated in the description of the just man and the philosopher, as well as their respective antitheses. The image illuminates the nature (and problem) of the philosophical relationship between the just man and the philosopher, as well as the nature of the political relationship between these two and their opposites. The thesis, therefore, uses the image as a vehicle to address the broader concern of the relationship between philosophy and politics.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: ABITIBI POWER AND PAPER COMPANY, LTD

subject: Political Economy

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: Symbolic Imagery in Four Novels by Thomas Hardy

contributor:
Ross, Michael
English

abstract:
Unlike his late-Victorian contemporaries who preferred direct methods of characterization, Thomas Hardy opted to reveal character through setting and symbol. In each of Far From the Madding Crowd, The Return of the Native, The Woodlanders and Tess of the d'Urbervilles, imagery, particularly that of nature, plays a central role in establishing character. Not only does it help to clarify whether an individual's basic allegiance is to the natural world or to civilization, but 'it also plays a significant role in suggesting his psychological states.

In the following pages, I explore Hardy's peculiar use of symbolism in each of the four novels listed above, and attempt to decipher some of the images for the information they reveal about characters. Because so much of the symbolic detail provided by Hardy is derived from nature, the author's attitude to nature in each of the novels is also discussed in some detail.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Role of the Artist in the Work of Evelyn Waugh

contributor:
Shrive, F. N.
English

abstract:
This study of the work of Evelyn Waugh aims to analyze his concept of the role of the artist in his society. His fiction, diaries, letters and journalism have all been examined in an effort to articulate what Waugh thought that the artist, literary or graphic, should try to achieve. Secondary sources of biography and criticism have also been studied. The thesis follows a chronological approach in order to demonstrate changes in Waugh's thought as he matured and areas in which the same ideas persisted throughout his career.

The results of this study show that an important consideration was the artist's duty to use his gifts to praise God. Another was the writer's role as a craftsman, producing a fine product which made the best use of the beauty of the English language. Social comment, personal integrity and individuality were also part of the mature Waugh's artistic code. His was a minority opinion in his time but one which should be studied to enlarge our understanding of the literary history of his era.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Narcissism and Envy in Shakespeare's Troilus and Cressida.

contributor:
Adamson, J.
English

abstract:
Narcissism and envy are two primary psychological forces that determine human behaviour. Narcissism affects a person's sense of self; envy affects his relations with others. Shakespeare seems to have anticipated the recent emergence of psychoanalytic theories about how these forces affect the masculine self. This thesis will investigate how the ideas of René Girard and Heinz Kohut coincide with issues raised by Shakespeare, in Troilus and Cressida.

According to Girard, many characters in the play are driven by 'mimetic desires' created by 'mediators'. Troilus's desire for Cressida is mediated by Pandarus; Ajax's desire to fight Hector is mediated by Ulysses. Yet these characters also display aggressive behaviour symptomatic of the 'narcissistic personality disorder', described by Kohut. Many warriors experience their environment and other people narcissistically; that is, they expect total control over these. When their narcissistic expectations are thwarted, they compensate for inward self-doubts with outward aggression and rage. Shakespeare's Trojan War is largely fuelled by man's fear of being cuckolded, "gored with Menelaus' horn" (l,i.108). Men insult, attack and cuckold rivals in 'preventive attacks', to avoid being victimized themselves.

The Trojan War can thus be seen as the culmination of many individuals' mediated envies combined with preventive attacks and narcissistic rage; behaviour symptomatic of insecurity, not moral depravity. Kohut's theory of archaic narcissism provides the deep psychic foundation on which to build Girard's behavioral model of mimetic rivalry, to create a more comprehensive model for the psychoanaiytic criticism of Shakespeare's plays.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)