title: The Associates of Brutus: A Prosopographical Study

contributor:
Paul, G. M.
Classical Studies

subject:
Other Classics
Other Classics

abstract: Marcus Junius Brutus is chiefly known for his assassination of Julius Caesar. The consequences of this deed forced him and Cassius to leave Italy and defend themselves in the East against their enemies, the Triumvirate. This thesis focuses on all those who supported Brutus from the time of the Ides of March until the battle of Philippi. These men are collected and analyzed in terms of their interrelationships, and their relations to Brutus against the background of the society and history of Rome. It is argued that Brutus was the leader of a political factio which could trace its roots back to the opposition to Pompeius at the beginning of his career in 70BC. Also many individuals of various former political alliances joined Brutus because the political circumstances of the last decade made it necessary for them to unite against the Triumvirate. In this way, Brutus' associates were motivated by traditional socia-political motives and by situations characteristic of the end of the Republic. All dates are B.C. unless otherwise noted.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Discriminant Function Analysis of Deciduous Teeth to Determine Sex

contributor:
Saunders, S. R.
Anthropology

subject: Anthropology Anthropology

abstract: Studies using deciduous tooth crown measurements have concluded that statistically significant differences between males and females are not as effective for discriminating between the sexes as are the results from permanent tooth measurements. The present study measured the mesiodistal and faciolingual crown diameters of the maxillary and mandibular deciduous teeth of 162 dental casts from children, age 3-4 years, and the permanent first molars of 84 casts from the same children, age 16 years, of the Burlington Growth Study. The data displayed significant differences between the sexes for all 40 deciduous diameters at the 5% level of significance, and for 37 diameters at the 1% level. Using 3 to 5 deciduous measurements, the discriminant analyses of several samplings of these children produced discriminant functions in which 76%-90% of holdout samples are correctly classified by sex. Using combinations of deciduous and permanent measurements, 83%-85% of the holdout samples are correctly classified. The results of the univariate and multivariate analyses of the Burlington sample were compared to several earlier studies of deciduous and permanent teeth of both modern and archaeological populations. The Burlington group proved to be the most dimorphic in the deciduous teeth and that dimorphism in the deciduous teeth was within the range published for the permanent teeth in several other studies. The expression of sexual dimorphism in the deciduous teeth varies both withm and among populations. The level of classification accuracy using discriminant analysis of the deciduous teeth approaches the accuracy levels for the pennanent teeth.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Does Integration of Laboratory Data Improve Prescribing Decisions and Patient Outcomes?

contributor:
Holbrook, Anne
Dolovich, Lisa
Hutchison, Brian
Health Research Methodology

subject:
electronic prescribing
computer assisted drug therapy
computer decision support
medication safety
laboratory monitoring
Knowledge Translation
Knowledge Translation

abstract: Integrating laboratory information into prescribing tasks may improve medication safety. This thesis addresses several methodological issues in the progress of two studies: a systematic review of randomized trials addressing the impact of drug-lab safety alerts on adverse drug events and changes in prescribing or lab monitoring and a randomized trial using an electronic survey to compare prescribing decisions in complex clinical scenarios including integrated lab data with those in which the lab data were available on request. The systematic review found 32 studies; 10 addressed multiple drug-lab combinations, and 22 addressed single drug-lab combinations, including 14 targeting anticoagulation. We report a benefit of anticoagulation-related alerts (OR of an adverse event (bleeding or thrombosis) 0.88 (95% CI 0.78-1.00) and improved prescribing in multi-drug studies (OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.19-4.17), but substantial study heterogeneity precluded combining studies of other drugs. Methodological issues addressed in the RCT include medication selection, scenario design, recruitment, and assessment of the representativeness of the sample. We selected medications for study scenarios that are commonly prescribed by Canadian primary care physicians, and are associated with clinically important harm that may be preventable through laboratory monitoring. Data sources included IMS Brogan data on prescribing patterns and the Discharge Abstracts Database (DAD) and the National Ambulatory Care Reporting System (NACRS) from 2006-2007 to 2008-2009. Our study had 148 completed surveys. The study sample differed from the population of Ontario family physicians by gender, and use of electronic medical records. We found no difference in prescribing decisions (OR 1.21, 95% CI 0.84-1.75) between the study groups and no predictors of improved prescribing decisions. The lack of demonstrated impact of integrating lab data into clinical decision-making may be related to the study being underpowered, to a true lack of clinical benefit, or to a lack of discriminatory power in the scenarios.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: The Inertia Group of Smooth 7-manifolds

contributor:
Hambleton, Ian
Mathematics and Statistics

subject:
geometric topology
inertia group
manifolds
Geometry and Topology
Geometry and Topology

abstract: Let $\Theta_n$ be the group of $h$-cobordism classes of homotopy spheres, i.e. closed smooth manifolds which are homotopy equivalent to $S^n$, under connected sum. A homotopy sphere $\Sigma^n$ which is not diffeomorphic to $S^n$ is called ``exotic.'' For an oriented smooth manifold $M^n$, the {\bf inertia group} $I(M)\subset\Theta_n$ is defined as the subgroup of homotopy spheres such that $M\#\Sigma$ is orientation-preserving diffeomorphic to $M$. This thesis collects together a number of results on $I(M)$ and provides a summary of some fundamental results in Geometric Topology. The focus is on dimension $7$, since it is the smallest known dimension with exotic spheres. The thesis also provides two new results: one specifically about $7$-manifolds with certain $S^1$ actions, and the other about the effect of surgery on the homotopy inertia group $I_h(M)$.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: POLYMERIZATION KINETICS OF THERMOSETS WITH AN EPOXIDE-FUNCTIONALIZED POLYHEDRAL OLIGOMERIC SILSESQUIOXANE

contributor:
Johari, Gyan. P.
Materials Engineering

subject:
polymer
silsesquioxane
kinetics
entropy
epoxy
Polymer and Organic Materials
Polymer and Organic Materials

abstract:
Effects of a nanometer-size, reactive polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) on a thermoset’s polymerization kinetics and dielectric relaxation have been investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dielectric spectroscopy. Four amines, hexylamine (HA), ethylene diamine (EDA), isophorone diamine (IPDA), and diethylene triamine (DETA) were used to crosslink epoxy resin DGEBA and a multi functionalized -glycidyl POSS. The polymers formed ranged from POSS-free to POSS-only network structure, while maintaining an equal ratio of reactive groups.

Calorimetric studies of stoichiometric DETA and IPDA samples performed by ramp-heating showed that the polymerization kinetics increased with low POSS content, but progressively decreased upon further addition, and the POSS-only mixtures reacted the slowest. The same pattern of changes in the rate of polymerization was observed by isothermal polymerization of the DETA mixtures. The results have been interpreted based on changes in viscosity and diffusion coefficients according to the Stokes-Einstein and Smoluchowski equations. Furthermore, isothermal polymerization of stoichiometric DETA and EDA samples showed that the extent of reaction increased with POSS, indicating that it might be easier to form a higher crosslinked thermoset with higher amounts of POSS.

Non-isothermal polymerization of POSS-IPDA mixtures was also investigated under off-stoichiometric conditions. Unlike the reaction mechanisms of non-stoichiometric DGEBA-IPDA mixtures, a significant difference in reactivity of primary and secondary amines in the POSS-IPDA reaction was not observed.

Dielectric relaxation studies were performed in real time during polymerization. The distribution of relaxation rates increased with an increase in POSS, and the duration of polymerization required to reach a specific relaxation time increased. Furthermore, the time at which the dielectric loss minimum and peak occurred increased with POSS, however, when only POSS was reacted with the amine, an a-relaxation peak was not observed. A frequency-dependent increase in permittivity during polymerization was observed with the POSS-only EDA, DETA, and HA samples, and a corresponding change in the loss was not detected. It was attributed to a structure-dependent increase in interfacial polarization.

Although not related to the polymerization study, work done on the residual entropy of glasses is included here. To help resolve the controversy of the residual entropy of glassy materials, specific heat data taken from the literature were analyzed. The changes in entropy of a glass on cooling and heating paths were determined, and it was found that the upper and lower limits of entropy differed by no more than 2 %. This showed that although the thermodynamic path through the glass transition is irreversible, this irreversibility has a negligibly small effect on determining the entropy.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


contributor:
Boblin, Sheryl
Ploeg, Jenny
Martin, Lynn
Nursing

subject:
student success
nursing education
constructivist grounded theory
BScN
Education
Education

abstract:
Abstract

Succeeding in Level 1 of a BScN Program: A Grounded Theory Inquiry

This research is an inquiry into the journey of student success as experienced by Level 1 nursing students in a BScN program. It is a qualitative study using a constructivist grounded theory methodology that looks at the psychosocial processes that are integral to the nursing student’s experience of Level 1. Fifty 1 to 1 semi-structured interviews were conducted with Level 1and Level 2 nursing students, experienced level 1 faculty and academic advisors (n=46). Participants were asked to define student success, and discuss their experience of success. The constant comparison method and theoretical sampling informed the findings. The result was an emerging substantive theory for student success entitled: Succeeding in Level 1 of a BScN Program (Succeeding Substantive Theory or SST). There are four conceptual processes that make up the SST: Learning, Balancing, Connecting and Becoming. Each concept has several categories that summarize the codes reflected in the data. The SST offers a fresh and novel perspective on student success as it reflects the processes involved in a comprehensive and integrated way. The insights and understanding that result from the SST can be used to direct policy and resources for student success, inform curricular revision, and suggest further research.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: The Cultural and Literary Construction of Time in Canada

contributor:
York, Lorraine
Coleman, Daniel
Hyman, Roger
English and Cultural Studies

subject:
Canadian literature
Canadian culture
time
temporality
critical time studies
cultural studies
Literature in English, North America
Literature in English, North America

abstract: This dissertation argues that social power relations in Canada are deeply tied to the cultural models of time that have been assumed and rejected throughout the country’s history, and that Canadian literature and other arts serve a vital function in both witnessing and questioning these relationships. I begin by tracing the competing temporal frameworks that have taken hold in Canada, from the Gregorian calendar, to “standard” clock time, to immigration policies that cause people who are considered undesirable to wait longer periods of time for legal status. I suggest that the profound consequences temporal structures have on social relations necessitate a sustained study of how Canadian cultural and literary productions engage with the idea of time. After outlining the contested temporalities that serve broadly as sites of power, I turn to Canadian novels, poems, plays, and visual art to explore the difficult negotiations between individual and social experiences of time. These texts reveal that while broad cultural temporalities indeed shape the measuring out of individual lives, this shaping process functions differently for different people. In particular, I examine how forms of temporal agency and disempowerment are closely linked to the categories of age, class, gender, sexuality, race, and indigeneity. Finally, I examine texts that question existing temporal structures and explore alternative temporalities. While normative temporality is often depicted as unyielding, stories about catastrophic social disruptions portray normative time as a makeshift apparatus always on the verge of collapse. Such stories indicate that while the construction of new, more just models of time is always possible, no temporal structure is free from the politics of social power relations.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Investigations Into The Chemoselective Modification Of THAM Directed Towards Biological Applications

contributor:
McNulty, James
Chemistry

subject:
Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (THAM)
FTY720
sphingosine
oxazolidinone synthesis
radical fragmentation
toxoplasmosis
Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry

abstract:
Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (THAM) was a readily-available and economical amino-triol that was viewed as having a large untapped potential as a starting material. The full chemoselective functionalization and differentiation of the amino group and the three primary alcohol residues present in THAM was extensively investigated. The development of this methodology allowed for the rapid assembly of a differentiated core that lead to existing and new potential drug scaffolds.

The discovery of a novel oxidative fragmentation and rearrangement process was made leading to the synthesis of differentiated oxazolidinone rings. This process allowed for the creation of novel chemical library situated around THAM-based oxazolidinones, as well as THAM-based 1,3-dioxanes.

THAM was also used as a starting material for sphingosine analogs, including sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and anticancer S1K inhibitors. Selective functionalization of the amine and one alcohol within an oxazolidinone ring allowed access to a new family of Linezolid-type oxazolidinones as well. Additionally, various triazole-based compounds were prepared, which allowed access to a new family of potential antifungal agents based on the lead compound Fluconazole.

A total synthesis of the immunosuppressant molecule FTY720 was also reported, employing double Wittig-olefination protocol, from THAM. This synthesis avoided certain pitfalls that were present in previously documented literature methods. Along the pathway to FTY720, many intermediates and analogs were synthesized and tested for biological activity alongside the novel oxazolidinone compounds, resulting in interesting lead compounds for various biological applications. A UV-active FTY720 scaffold was also synthesized for potential future in vivo tracking of the immunosuppressant and its metabolites.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: An investigation of Crp function in the development and secondary metabolism of Streptomyces coelicolor

contributor:
Elliot, Marie A.
Biology

abstract: Cyclic AMP receptor protein (Crp) is a transcription regulator controlling diverse cellular processes in many bacteria. Deletion of the crp gene of Streptomyces coelicolor significantly delays spore germination but accelerates sporulation, while overexpression of crp arrests morphological development at the vegetative stage. In this study, I set out to dissect Crp function during spore formation and germination by manipulating its expression at different developmental stages using a strain carrying the crp gene cloned downstream of a thiostrepton inducible promoter (tipA-crp). The impact of Crp on the synthesis of actinorhodin, undecylprodigiosin and calcium-dependent antibiotic was assessed by performing quantitative antibiotic production assays. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-microarray assays were applied to uncover ~ 400 Crp association sites distributed across the entire genome of S. coelicolor. Genes associated with these sites are involved in a remarkable variety of functions including metabolism, morphogenesis and transcription regulation, with secondary metabolism clearly overrepresented. This result correlates with our transcriptional profiling experiments, which revealed that the majority of the genes affected by Crp induction fall in the functional categories of secondary metabolism, morphogenesis and transcription factors, amongst which the most striking ones are those located in the antibiotic biosynthetic clusters: act, red, cda, and cpk. Finally, multiple Streptomyces species have been engineered to overproduce Crp and have been subjected to comparative metabolic profiling to identify the up- and down-regulation of secondary metabolite production elicited by Crp overexpression.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Competitive Behaviours In Response To Neighbours Of Two Woodland Plant Species

contributor:
Dudley, Susan A.
Weretilnyk, Elizabeth
Balshine, Sigal
Biology

subject:
plant kin recognition
plant competition
invasive species
evolution
behaviour
Alliaria petiolata
Behavior and Ethology
Evolution
Other Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
Plant Biology
Behavior and Ethology

abstract:
Plants often grow in communities closely surrounded by neighbouring plants. Plants can actively and intensely compete for resources and also anticipate competition by sensing environmental cues from the presence and identity of neighbours. Moreover, it’s been proposed that the evolution of both increased and decreased competitive ability may serve as a mechanism for invasiveness. However, still little is known about how plants integrate competitive responses when sensing multiples cues of competition and which individual competitive traits respond to the identity of competitors. In addition, whether and why the evolution of competitive traits may contribute to the ability of introduced species to become invasive is also poorly understood.

Here I present a body of work that examined the competitive responses of a native and an invasive plant species to cues of competition and the identity of neighbours. I also examined how experimental manipulation of pot volume, to control belowground resources, affects plant growth and allocation. In one study I tested the competitive responses of the North American native, Impatiens pallida, to cues signalling the presence of neighbours above and belowground simultaneously in competitive environments composed of either siblings or strangers. I demonstrate that I. pallida can recognize siblings and shows more aggressive competitive behaviours towards strangers than kin.

In two other studies, I compared the competitive responses of the invasive and native ecotypes of Alliaria petiolata to changes in density, as well as to the presence and identity of neighbours. I found that invasive ecotypes produced less competitive phenotypes especially under high density. Moreover, I found that invasive ecotypes performed better when sharing rooting space with neighbours that were siblings.

Taken together, these results demonstrate the ability of these plant species to respond to the identity of neighbours and provide strong evidence in support of the evolution of reduced competitive ability hypothesis in invasive plant species potentially mediated by the action of kin selection in invasive ecotypes.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: The Reaction of Diazoalkanes with Heterocumulenes. Mechanism and Synthetic Utility

contributor:
Warkentin, J.
Chemistry

subject: Chemistry Chemistry

abstract: A new approach to the synthesis of 3,3-dialkyloxindole systems which involves reaction of a dialkyldiazomethane, generated (in situ) by the thermolysis of a 5,5-dialkyl-∆³-1,3,4-oxadiazolin-2-one, with an aryl isocyanate, has been developed. Minor products of the reaction are a 2-imino-5,5-dialkyl-4-oxazolidone and a 5,5-dialkylhydantoin. The synthesis of both a 2-imino-5,5-dialkyl-4-thiazolinethione and a 5,5-dialkyl-2,4-dithiohydantoin has been achieved in a similar manner, using phenyl isothiocyanate in place of phenylisocyanate. Spectroscopic data, in particular ¹³C chemical shifts, and chemical transformations are cited in support of the structural assignments. Possible mechanisms for the formation of the heterocyclic compounds are considered.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Importance of Hydrologic Connectivity for Coastal Wetlands to Open Water of Eastern Georgian Bay

contributor:
Chow-Fraser, Patricia
Waddington, James Michael
Dudley, Susan A.
Biology

subject: water levels; coastal wetland; water chemistry; fish habitat; amphibians; beaver

subject: Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

subject: Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

abstract:
Coastal wetlands are hydrologically connected to their watershed and the lake. Water levels in Georgian Bay have been at a sustained low for thirteen years and thus connectivity of wetlands to the lake is being threatened as water levels decline. Decreased connectivity has likely caused changes in ecological and chemical characteristics. Future climate change models predict further water declines and potentially increasing the number of wetlands that will be hydrologically disconnected. The over-arching goal of this thesis is to investigate the role of connectivity between the lake and coastal marshes in eastern Georgian Bay on the amount of potential fish habitat, water chemistry and larval amphibian habitat.

Bathymetric information is needed in order to estimate fish habitat and two approaches were utilized in order to collect these data. A site-specific method completed in 2009 used an intensive field survey in seven wetlands to create a digital elevation model and calculated the amount of fish habitat at 10 cm increments. A second, regional method, selected 103 sites by using a stratified random sample in 18 quaternary watersheds. In both methods, changes in water levels between 173 and 176 m asl resulted in the most drastic loss of habitat. Approximately 24% of the current fish habitat has already been lost due to low water levels.

Water chemistry in coastal marshes is influenced by hydrologic connection. In the summers of 2010 and 2011, 35 coastal marshes were sampled, 17 of which had been impounded and disconnected by a beaver dam. Beaver-impounded marshes resulted in significantly lower pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen and sulphate concentrations, but had significantly higher soluble reactive phosphors concentrations. These conditions are indicative of the lack of connection and reduced mixing with lake water. This altered habitat was shown to support breeding area for 7 species of amphibians, the most common being green frogs and the least common being American Toads and chorus frogs.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: Contributions to Reverse Logistics with Game theoretic Applications

contributor:
Parlar, Mahmut
Prakash Abad, Dr. Elkafi Hassini
Business

subject: Reverse logistics

subject: inventory management with resalable returns

subject: competition in remanufacturing

subject: game theory

subject: game theoretic applications with incomplete information

subject: Management Sciences and Quantitative Methods

abstract:
The last two decades witnessed an increasing emphasis on reverse logistics (RL). Our thesis attempts to investigate two research problems in RL and explore game theoretic applications in this field.

In Chapter 1, we introduce SCM, RL, relevant game theoretic applications, and the organizational structure of this thesis.

In Chapter 2, we address a newsvendor problem with resalable returns. We develop a basic model with order quantity as the single decision variable and conduct concavity analysis. We also develop a general model in which the retailer determines both order quantity and two inter-period inventory thresholds. We use simulation to investigate the timing effect of both customer demands and returns on the retailer's decision making.

In Chapter 3, we explore the application of game theoretic models with incomplete information in inventory management. Games with incomplete information may provide a more realistic modeling framework. We hope this exposition be helpful to researchers interested in applying game theoretic models and computing equilibriums in their specific problems in SCM and RL.

In Chapter 4 we consider a remanufacturing competition problem between an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) and a pure remanufacturer (REM) with the OEM's incomplete information on the REM's unit cost. We apply the type-III model in Chapter 3 for formulation and derive the closed-form Bayesian Nash equilibrium. We use sensitivity analysis to investigate the effect of such incomplete information on both competitors' decision making.

We summarize in Chapter 5 and provide a general direction for future research on game theoretic applications in RL.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Analysis of Patterns of Injury and Disease in an Historic skeletal sample from Belleville, Ontario

contributor:
Saunders, ShelIey R.
Anthropology

subject: Anthropology Anthropology

abstract: ANALYSIS' OF PATTERNS OF INJURY AND DISEASE IN AN HISTORIC SKELETAL SAMPLE FROM BELLEVILLE' ONTARIO The presence of specific and non-specific infections in human skeletal remains, as well as indicators of trauma are valuable pieces of information that can be utilized to reconstruct the health status of a community. A sample of 25O adults, removed from an archaeological excavation of cemetery interments (1820-1874) associated with St. Thomas Anglican Church in BeIleville, Ontario, were examined for indicators of trauma and infectious disease. Traumatic injuries were common within the sample. Nonspecific infections are also represented. Some cases exhibit specific infections, including tuberculosis and tertiary syphilis. Significant differences between males and females were found in healed fractures and traumatic injuries in general. This data was compared to historical documentation from the period. Inferences about mortality rates and causes of death among groups, of individuals or populations are frequently made on the basis of observations of pathological changes in human skeletal remains, The degree to which this is a reliable source of information was, evaluated. The results of this study suggest that a combination of both skeletal observations and historical documentation is necessary to reconstruct the overall health status of a community, particularly with reference to infectious disease since many acute diseases of the nineteenth century are not observable in skeletal remains.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Radiographic analysis of facial soft tissue depths from a subadult sample: An aid to forensic facial reproduction

contributor:
Saunders, Shelley
Anthropology

subject: Anthropology Anthropology

abstract: The analysis of facial tissue depths and the application of facial reproduction techniques have been attempted during the last century with the intent to recreate the features of famous people and archaeological specimens, and more recently to identify individuals in medicolegal cases. There are however, questions surrounding the accuracy and feasibility of such attempts. A longitudinal, subadult radiographic sample is analyzed and examines correlations between tissue thicknesses, sex, age and body build. Several parents of the children are also examined. The results of this study provides data on facial tissue depths for a subadult and adult samples, thus adding to the literature. Results indicate that differences occur at several metric points along the midline of the face between males and females. A trend indicating an increase in facial tissue thickness as individuals become older was found. Furthermore, a relationship between facial tissue thickness and body build was demonstrated.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Development of Inequality and the Persistence of Exchange: Food Commoditization in Papua New Guinea

contributor:
Counts, D. R.
Anthropology

subject: Anthropology Anthropology

abstract: Sahlins (1972) contends that, in the gift economy, food " ... has too much social value--ultimately because it has too much use value--to have exchange value" (1972: 218). This thesis critiques Sahlins' theory of primitive exchange and examines the effect of commoditization on the traditional mode of production. The application of the analytical concepts, gift and commodity, are shown to be ill-suited to the Papua New Guinea context. Goods within this exotic setting have a dual nature which is not eroded by the growth of a commodity market. Commoditization has not the power to supplant the gift mode and, indeed, exchange activities have effloresced in Papua New Guinea despite the growth of a capitalist sector. The traditional mode is reproduced and control over subsistence remains in the hands of the indigenous rural population. However, consumption expectations and the need to obtain cash have led to greater participation in cash cropping and wage labour and such participation creates new social stresses. Land has corne under increasing pressure. Traditional systems of inheritance, authority and value have become riddled with ambiguity. A growing number of landless migrants have settled in the urban areas and, to varying degrees, have become dependent on the capitalist mode.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Cortical Bone quality among Pre-Iroquoian Populations of the Lower Great Lakes Region

contributor:
Saunders, Shelley R.
Anthropology

subject: Anthropology Anthropology

abstract: This study was designed to distinguish environmental from population-based influences on cortical bone quality among pre-Iroquoian and Iroquoian populations of the lower Great Lakes region. Excavated human bone from a total of seven archeological sites in southern Ontario and Nw York State was studied. These skeletal samples span approximately 1500 years of prehistory in this region and represent populations subject to a range of environmental conditions which could have had an impact on cortical bone status. Single photon absorptiometry of the redius and radiographv of the second metacarpal and radius were used to obtain values for the bone mineral index (BMI) and percent cortical area (PCA) respectively. The data wre compared by age and by sex both within and between skeletal samples. Comparisons were also made to published data on modern populations. Significant differences were found between the skeletal samples as well as between the skeletal samples and modern populations. These results suggest that a combination of environmental and population- based factors influenced cortical bone quality among the pre-Iroquoian and Iroquoian populations of this geographic region. These findings may have impl1cations for an understanding of cortical bone loss among living Iroquoian populations in this area.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Simultaneous Free and Forced Covection Around Submerged Cylinders and Spheres

contributor:
Hamielec, A.E.
Chemical Engineering

subject:
Chemical Engineering
Chemical Engineering

abstract: This dissertation is a theorefical investigation of simultaneous free and forced convection for flow around a sphere or cylinder. This involved a numerical solution of the Navier-Stokes and energy equations by finite difference methods. To this end faster computational techniques were developed. A large number of solutions were computed permitting a significant extension of fluid-mechanical data available in the literature.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: A Curriculum or Process for the Equipping of the Saints for the Work of Ministry in their Daily Life in the World

contributor:
Brackney, William H.
Divinity College

abstract: This thesis seeks to investigate the issues of ministry by the laity of the Church in their daily life in the world and the equipping processes that have accompanied or need to accompany it. This project seeks this information through a correlational study of several variables. The inquiry takes place in five Presbyterian Churches, but it seeks to be aware of these issues as they are similar in the wider Christian Church. The project arises out of the professional experiences of the author, as related to the issues in his twenty-four years as director of a Laity Centre for Christian adult education and spiritual development. Experiences with ecumenical networks like the World Council of Churches during that time also inform this thesis. The background research explores Holy Scriptures, (Hebrew and Christian), Theological studies, and the historical perspective in regard to lay diakonia service and equipping for this ministry in daily life. This literature research also explores the questions about the what and the to whom of this ministry. Other areas that were searched for background to this topic included: Adult Faith Development, Adult Education and Adult Learning research. These disciplines also contributed some important issues regarding motivational theory. A model for adult learning within the church was developed out of this part of the research, which is called the "Lay Ministry and Adult Learning Window". The quantitative research that made up this project involved a questionnaire on "Ministry in Daily Life". This questionnaire was distributed to five different congregations of the Presbyterian Church in Canada in Guelph and Fergus, Ontario, as well as eleven pairs of persons outside the study area who had expressed interest in this topic. Of the 172 questionnaires distributed, 106 were completed and returned for a 61.6% rate of return. The 79 variables of these 106 cases were recorded and analyzed in a survey research computer program. Reports were generated from the resultant data on the frequency of the responses individually and in relation to the other variables. The results were then used to develop a understanding of these Presbyterian laity and their attitude to Christian vocation, ministry in daily life, equipping or educational support to that ministry and other matters related to the topic. Conclusions and recommendations for adult education or equipping for lay ministry in daily life were developed and expressed in the thesis, not only for the Presbyterian Church but also for other denominations as well. These include the "Learning Window" and a "Life Transitions Model" for building a mutual learning community for adult learning and faith development. Both of these strategies are included in a four part plan for equipping the laity ofthe Church for ministry in daily life and work in the world.

abstract: Doctor of Ministry (DMin)


title: Are Settlement Patterns Enough? The Re-Evaluation of Assumptions Concerning A Huron Chief's House Using Assembalge Variation and Artifact Distribution Analyses

contributor:
Ramsden, Peter G.
Anthropology

subject: Anthropology Anthropology

abstract: Archaeological settlement data has been used to identify Huron chief's houses. Finlayson identified chief's houses (1985) at the Draper site, a 15th century Huron village in the Puckering Township. His interpretations were based on settlement characteristics such as being the longest and widest house, having the highest density of wall. sweatbath and interior house isolated post moulds, and having the greatest distance between hearths. This thesis analyzes two houses from the Draper site-one, based on the above criteria, a chief's house, and another a 'non-chief's' house. By examining the variation within and between the artifact assemblages and the distributions of artifacts through these two houses, another mean of identifying a chief's house has been tested and the settlement pattern analyses tested.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Early Palaeoeskimo Period in the Eastern Arctic and the Labrador Early Pre-Dorset period: a reassessment.

contributor:
Ramsden, Peter
Anthropology

subject: Anthropology Anthropology

abstract: By the end of the 1960s research in the Eastern North American Arctic had defined a single widespread Early Palaeoeskimo culture, dubbed Pre-Dorset since it preceded Late Palaeoeskimo Dorset culture. Subsequent investigations in Greenland resulted in the recognition of two other occupations, Independence I and Saqqaq, that, while different, were considered part of the Pre-Dorset manifestation. However, in the mid-1970s it was proposed that Independence I and Pre-Dorset should be considered culturally and temporally distinct. This classification system clearly divided the period and did not allow for interactions between the groups. While this proposal was initially questioned, it has come to dominate interpretation of the Early Palaeoeskimo period. At the same time as this framework was being promoted, a small number of Early Pre-Dorset sites were excavated in Labrador. Classified as Pre-Dorset, these sites nonetheless exhibited Independence I and Saqqaq influences. The reasons for this could not be fully explained, though a relationship between Labrador and the High Arctic was proposed. This thesis reevaluates the place of Labrador Early Pre-Dorset within the sphere of the Eastern Arctic following upon almost thirty years of archaeological work, both in Labrador and elsewhere in the Eastern Arctic. Recent evidence suggests that researchers must rethink their view of the Early Palaeoeskimo period and the vision of Independence I and Saqqaq relations. Only by viewing Independence I and early Saqqaq as part of the same cultural unit can the cultural sequence be reconciled with the archaeological data.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Flashlamp Pumped Dye Amplifiers

contributor:
Garside, B.K.
Physics

subject: Physics Physics

abstract:
The major purpose of the work described in this thesis is the experimental and theoretical study of the amplification of the spontaneous emission in dye amplifiers. This work falls into three distinct sections: (a) the study of high-current short-pulse flashtubes operating in (or near) the ablation regime; (b) the study of the amplification process of the spontaneous emission in a homogeneously broadened medium, such as a dye material, in the thin cell case, where there is no variation of the pumping across the cell; and, (c) the study of the amplification of the spontaneous emission in the thick cell case, where gain and index of refraction inhomogeneities exist across the cell thickness.

In each case, we have developed theoretical models and compared their predictions with the experimental results. In particular, for the ablation-type flashlamps, it is shown that their behaviour is well represented by an analysis in which the discharge plasma is supposed to radiate as a blackbody at the temperature of the plasma. This model accounts for the fact that the light output from a flashlamp saturates whereas the current does not, provides a more accurate value for the plasma resistivity as a function of temperatures and gives a useful design criterion for determining the physical dimensions of an ablation-type flashlamp.

With respect to the amplification of the spontaneous emission in a thin cell, it is mainly shown that (i) the spontaneous emission propagating along the gain medium is subject to narrowing along with shifting of its peak wavelength; (ii) even at moderate pumping the population of the excited singlet state, which determines the gain of the system, is non-uniform along the cell; (iii) it is possible to calculate the unsaturated gain by calculating the intensity of a particular wave-length and its spectral narrowing both as a function of the exciation and compare them with the same quantities measured experimentally; (iv) it is also possible to develop a semianalytic system independent method to measure the gain approximately.

The theory developed to account for the propagation of the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) has been partly extended to cover the case of the propagation and spectral narrowing of the ASE in a thick cell, where non-uniformities of the index of refraction and the gain are important along with the diffraction losses. In this particular case, it is shown that a model, which assumes an index step variation across the cell, and solves the Maxwell's equation for the field propagation along the cell, can account for the spatial distribution of the field across the cell and its manifestation at the far field. Most of the predictions of the model are verified experimentally. In particular, it is shown that (i) in a thick cell, part of the ASE propagates outside the gain medium, because of the lensing effect caused by heating of the lasing material; (ii) the field across the cell can exhibit stable spatial modes, which can produce a far field far from the amplifying cell axis; (iii) it is possible to improve the spectral narrowing of the ASE since saturation can be delayed to higher pumping than before and most of the narrowing occurs below saturation of the gain; (iv) it is also possible to measure the temperature and the index of refraction change due to heating by measuring the far field angle, and estimate the diffraction losses involved in the propagation of the ASE in a thick cell.

Finally, a number of suggestions on further research are proposed.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: SIX MOOSE FACTORY CREE LIFE HISTORIES: THE NEGOTIATION OF SELF AND THE MAINTENANCE OF CULTURE

contributor:
Preston, Richard J.
Anthropology

subject: Anthropology Anthropology

abstract: Life histories, considered as simultaneously cultural and personal documents, are used to discern the patternlng and individual variation within culture. Six Moose Factory Cree life histories illustrate how Native individuals adapt to and accommodate cultural changes. Through an individual developmental. process, competence is acquired and biculturalism is achieved. The achievement of biculturalism, which incorporates the best from both cultural worlds, is considered as an adaptive strategy for ensuring personal and cultural survival. The usefulness of life histories outside the realm of anthropology is also considered and other modes of expression such as art, music, drama, all of which require language are suggested to be, like life histories, stories about the self and identity.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Subculture of Rugby Players: A Form of Resistance and Incorporation

contributor:
Brymer, R.
Donnelly, Peter
Knight, Graham
Sociology

subject: Sociology Sociology

abstract:
The genesis of rugby football is to be found in the unique all-male environment of the nlneteenth century British public schools. The game was initially introduced by masters as an agent of social control - to restrain the usually unruly behaviour of boys. Outside the confines of the public schools (and particularly at university), old Boys formed Rugby clubs in which clusters of cultural characteristics based principally around amateurism and specific non-game features came to be developed into a subculture of rugby players, and although certain changes have taken place, this subculture is still intact today in the United Kingdom.

Rugby, in its embryonic form, was introduced in North America in the mid-nineteenth century by garrison soldiers and British immigrants. For a short while it enjoyed some popularity but the war years took their toll and the sport dwindled. However, it sprang up with renewed vigour in the late 1950's and early 1960's replete with all the cultural features that had come to characterize the British game, but these features had taken on different meanings.

In order to examine the subculture and public image of rugby players, the redevelopment of rugby as an increasingly popular sport in North America and this apparent transformation of meaning of various cultural elements, data were collected during one season of participant-observation with a canadian university rugby team and supplemented with extensive informal observations of and lnterviews with players and members of the subculture in the United Klngdom and North America.

It is hypothesized here that on a continent preoccupied with professlonal sport and a win-at-all-cost philosophy in sport, the amateur game of Rugby Union exists as a type of 'resistance' to the dominant sporting forms in North America (particularly football), and for Britons as a resistance to assimilation.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Roman North American Macella: Their Chronology, Typology, Urban Placement and Patronage

contributor:
D., K. M.
Classical Studies

subject:
Classical Studies
Classics
Classics

abstract:
From the first to the fifth centuries A.D., the inhabitants of many Roman North African towns went to a macellum to buy food for their dinner banquets. The typical macellum plan consists of an enclosed structure with a peristyle court lined with shops. The archaeological evidence suggests that the Roman North African macella were often bold and innovative variations from the Italian macella.

Since many of the Roman North African macella were excavated in the early 1900s, there have been relatively few recent publications and excavations undertaken on these significant buildings. One exception is C. De Ruyt's book, Macellum. Marché alimentaire des Romains (1983). De Ruyt, catalogued the remains of eighty-three macella found in Sicily, Italy, Greece, Turkey, Hungary, England, Spain and North Africa. Additionally, De Ruyt's book includes a detailed study of the origins of the macellum type, information about the market's urban and historical context, and evidence for the varieties of foods sold.

This thesis, using De Ruyt's book as the starting point for research on the macellum, focuses specifically on the Roman North African macella, since there are still problems to be resolved concerning these buildings. For example, was there a macellum which was essentially Roman North African in design? Did the market-type in North Africa simply imitate the plans of earlier Italian macella? What does the placement of the macellum within an urban setting tell us about its importance and function? What was the role of patrons in the construction and restoration of these markets?

The thesis on Roman North African macella is divided into four chapters: Chronology, Typology, Urban placement and Patronage (euergetism). Archaeological and epigraphical evidence is included for Roman North African macella not listed in De Ruyt's catalogue.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: An Investigotion of the Prevalence of Rickets among Subadults from the Romon Necropolis of lsola Sacra (1st to 3rd centuries AD), Italy

contributor:
Sounders, S.R.
Physical Anthropology

subject:
Physical Anthropology
Anthropology
Physics
Anthropology

abstract:
The earliest written reference to rickets comes from Soranus of Ephesus, a Roman medical writer of the early second century AD who describes a high number of children in Rome suffering from rochitic deformities. The current study utilizes two independent forms of evidence, skeletal and historic, to study the prevalence of rickets among the human subadult skeletons of the 1st to 3rd century imperial Roman necropolis of lsola Sacra. The necropolis of lsola Sacra represents the remains of individuals who inhabited imperial Rome's key maritime part', Portus Romae on the Mediterranean coast 23 kilometers west of Rome. One hundred and eighty-two subadult skeletons were examined morphologically and radiographically to search for diagnostic indicators of rickets.

Fifteen percent (27/182) of lsola Sacra subadults, birth to 15 years, show rachitic traits with a wide range of morphological presentation. Most individuals suffered from hyperplastic rickets, less likely due to malnutrition. All age categories and burial types show rachitic traits. No association was found between age and the appearance of rickets. No association was found between burial type and the appearance of rickets.

Roman cultural practices, social values and socioeconomic status of the populace using the necropolis may have predisposed the subadult population of lsola Sacra to rickets. Low maternal vitamin D is likely a strong contributing factor to rickets prevalence in the lsola Sacra sample and wos the result of sociocultural factors influencing maternal vitamin D intake.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Origin of the Settlement of Niagara-on-the-Lake

contributor:
Burghardt, A. F.
Geography

subject: Geography Geography Geography

abstract:
This thesis describes the major policies that contributed to the creation of the settlement at Niagara on-the-Lake, Ontario. These policies, that involved the blending of political, historical and geographical ingredients, were in general executed during the administration of Sir Frederick Haldimand within the framework of British colonial policy. The settlement that resulted was a unique expression of the response of an eighteenth century policy-maker to two major factors: the American War of Independence and the continuance of a British fur trade monopoly in North America.

Research aimed at isolating the principal locational policies that led to the development of the settlement; firstly as a means of understanding the choice of locational site, and secondly, as an example of the degree of influence that one administrator can have on past and present locational patterns.

The thesis has focused on the significant contribution made by Frederick Haldimand to the political and historical geography of Canada; a contribution that has been largely overlooked in historical and geographical literature. It has also shown that the historical, political and geographical administrative framework can contribute to an understanding of present day patterns of settlement, and in fact has had far more influence on such patterns than previously indicated by the literature.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Influences of Chernyshevsky, Tkachev, and Nechaev on the political thought of V.I. Lenin.

contributor:
Goldstein, Marshall
Political Science

subject:
Political Science
Political Science

abstract: The collapse of the Soviet Union has challenged Marxist political theory. Many people saw the collapse of the Soviet Union as a defeat of Marxism. Most scholars of Political Theory realize that Lenin did not follow Marxist writings. However, most still consider Lenin as predominately a Marxist. This thesis will examine the source of Lenin's ideas on Class, the Party, and the Revolution, and will trace these differences with Marx to chernyshevsky, Tkachev, and Nechaev. It will irrustrate the extent of the influence of Lenin's Russian, non-Marxist, predecessors. Lenin did indeed study and adopt aspects of Marxism, but he differed with him in some important areas, particularly Class, the Party, and the Revolution. Marx, writing in western Europe, sought human emancipation, while Lenin, in backward, autocratic Russia, sought political emancipation from the Tsarist autocracy. This resulted in differences between the thought and writings of Lenin and Marx.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Arbitrium Humanum: Liberum vel Liberandum? An Historical-Theological Study of John Calvin's Doctrine of the Will

contributor:
Payton, James R.
Divinity College

abstract: John Calvin, the sixteenth-century reformer, taught that the fall into sin left the human will bound in a miserable slavery to depravity, unless it is liberated by Jesus Christ. Recently, Dewey J. Hoitenga Jr. has argued that Calvin retains so little of the will as it was created that he cannot adequately account for humanity's moral responsibility. However, a careful examination of Calvin's writings reveals that this reformer develops an understanding of the human will which is more nuanced than Hoitenga would lead one to believe. Like his mentor, Augustine, Calvin distinguishes between a will that is free from external coercion and a will that is equally free to choose either good or evil. In his debate with the Roman Catholic theologian, Albert Pighius, Calvin upholds the former while rejecting the latter. Furthermore, in this same debate, Geneva's reformer voices his agreement with the libertqs in externis - the liberty of the will in earthly matters - as it is expressed, for instance, in the Augsburg Confession Calvin also ardently avoids the kind of deterministic fatalism which some radical reformers, particularly the Libertines, adopted. At the same time, none of these distinctions and qualifications detract him from his fundamental conviction that the fallen human will, of itself, cannot even begin to take the first steps towards salvation. Redemption is not a co-operative venture between the will of God and the will of human beings. Rather, it includes a sovereign work of God's grace upon the human will. Hoitenga's critique raises important questions; however, it fails to pay sufficient attention to the historical and polemical context in which Calvin develops his doctrine of the will. when that context is investigated, it becomes clear that Calvin teaches the depravity, not the destruction, of the human will. A depraved will cannot save itself, but it remains morally responsible for the actions it initiates.

abstract: Master of Theology (Th.M)


contributor:
Gauvreau, Michael
History

subject: History History

abstract: Successful Pioneers: Irish Catholic Settlers in the Township of Hibbert, Ontario, 1845-1887. The study of Irish Catholic immigrants is interesting as a part of the wider issue that has consumed Canada since its inception - immigration and immigrant communities. By testing the assumptions of historical literature, we can see how different stories have been told about the Irish Catholic immigrant experience in Canada and the variety of reasons given for the communities' relative successes or failures. The Township of Hibbert affords an opportunity to study Irish Catholic Immigrants in somewhat uniquely promising socioeconomic, dernographic and geographic circumstances. The settlers developed into a strong and confident rural community. And though many of the articles and monographs published in the past twenty years have discredited the assumptions of the earlier cultural deterministic models of Irish Canadian studies, the literature concerning the nineteenth century rural experience continues to place Irish Catholics on the periphery. This despite the fact that most Irish Catholics in Canada during this era lived in rural communities. The central thesis of this paper is that the Irish Catholic community in the Township of Hibbert were not as downtrodden as the historical literature ,concerning the subject of Irish Catholics usually suggests. The Irish Catholics, of the Township of Hibbert were economically, politically and socially more secure than any other community discussed in the Canadian historical literature. They found it was neither necessary nor desirable to publicly demand recognition, as an ethnic or cultural group, from their local society and therefore expressed moderation concerning the issues of Irish nationalism and religious rights. It is this story that this paper will attempt to discuss.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Culturally Sensitive Palliative Care For Native Seniors: A Case Study

contributor:
Counts, David
Warry, Wayne
Anthropology

subject: Anthropology Anthropology

abstract: This thesis is based on fieldwork done in a native palliative care institution, band run and staffed by native caregivers, located in a expansive native community. The purpose of the present study is to understand how an individual's sense of Self can be affirmed in an institution providing 'culturally sensitive care', defined as interactions and activities that enable the individual to preserve a strong sense of culture, community and family. A strong sense of self should be reflected in the best possible state of physical, psychological and spiritual well-being given the chronic condition of the individual.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Nutrient Losses and Related Processes in a Seasonally-operated Septic Bed Soil Under Favourable Conditions

contributor:
Bunting, B. T.
Geography

subject: Geography Geography

abstract:
This study assesses the processes of nutrient loss to groundwater and adjacent soils from a seasonally-operated septic system operating under favourable conditions.

In published studies, highly variable results precluded generalizations about nutrient losses from septic systems. For these reasons, a detailed source-to-sink study of a single septic bed was undertaken to (a) estimate nutrient losses from the bed and (b) identify the intensity and spatial distribution of effluent processes within a septic bed soil.

A research site 40 km northeast of Parry Sound on Whitestone Lake was chosen as typical of cottage waste disposal systems. Sampling surveys using 4 deep soil inspection pits and 137 coring sites in the septic bed soil and nearby field and woodland soils were undertaken during the summers of 1974, 1975 and 1976. Spatial mapping of soil properties, multivariate analysis and modelling of soil solution and ions were used to interpret the measurements. Soil solutes, including nutrients, and environmental soil conditions in the septic bed soil and site area were mapped. Nutrient and soil water fluxes in the septic bed and reference sites were estimated from a mathematical model.

The reference sites are characterized by plant cycling of soil solutes, combined with small vertical leaching losses following rain-fall events. The septic bed soil, when in equilibrium with large effluent input, experiences continuous large vertical and lateral leaching losses. As the septic bed soil begins to receive effluent, leaching accelerates and nutrient fluxes increase, becoming more uniform. The septic bed become anaerobic (oxygen diffusion rate (ODR) < 20 μg cmˉ² minˉ¹) from its centre outward at 30-60 cm depth, and within 7 days, the soil surface and lateral sides of the bed are anaerobic. Precipitation of Ca and PO₄ and lowering of PO₄ and Ca levels in solution occurs after two weeks of operation. A marked drop in ionic levels occurs less than two weeks after effluent input ceases. Plant uptake of nutrients becomes larger than leaching losses as leaching by periodic rainfall cycles becomes apparent.

The distribution of nutrient fluxes and decomposition processes varies with depth and from place to place in the septic bed. For example, large lateral effluent fluxes out of the septic bed are associated with small nitrate fluxes (0.659 x 10ˉ⁵ meq cmˉ³ dˉ¹), and anaerobosis (ODR<18 μg cmˉ² minˉ¹). Conversely, large nitrate fluxes (0.150 x 10ˉ⁵ meq cmˉ³ dˉ¹) are associated with moderate effluent fluxes and aerobic soil (ODR>22 μg cmˉ² minˉ¹). The spatial pattern of effluent fluxes also varies markedly within the septic bed, from small net inflows of groundwater (0.016 cm/d), to large effluent outflows, up to 49 cm/d.

Mathematical modelling indicates losses of NO₃ and PO₄ of 0.234 x 10ˉ⁵ and 0.131 x 10ˉ⁴ meq cmˉ³ dˉ¹, respectively, 10³ and 10² greater than in the reference sites. Increased losses of NH₄, at 0.915 x 10ˉ⁷ meq cmˉ³ dˉ¹, are less (10¹ to 10²), and represent less than 12% of the nitrogen losses from the septic bed. This indicates that serious environmental pollution can occur from a septic system operating under favourable conditions.

Large leaching losses of sodium, up to 0.609 x 10ˉ⁴ meq cmˉ³ dˉ¹, from the septic bed soil C horizon indicate long-term changes in soil fabric are occurring, which will probably accelerate effluent flux losses from the septic bed soil, thereby increasing surface water and groundwater pollution. It is concluded that similar estimates of nutrient fluxes must be gathered from many sites before this environmental pollution source can be accurately estimated or effectively controlled.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: LANGUAGE AND CHANGE: THE IMMLINITY-TO-CHANGE LANGUAGE TECHNOLOGY AS A TOOL FOR INTEGRATING THE ECCLESIAL VISION OF THE CENTRE FOR MINISTRY FORMATION INTO ITS MINISTRY FORMATION PROCESS

contributor:
Bellous, Joyce E.
Divinity College

abstract: This dissertation explores the relationship between language and change and assesses the effectiveness of the immunity-to-change language technology for integrating the ecclesial vision of the Centre for Ministry Formation (Saint Paul University in Ottawa) into its ministry formation process. The Centre offers pastoral leadership education for candidates for both lay and ordained ministry in the Roman Catholic Church and its ecclesial vision is a post-Vatican II model of church as communion. In order to ground this exploration of language and change in the context of the Centre's ecclesial vision, I draw upon evolutionary and feminist thought, trinitarian theology, ecclesiology, psychology, education theory, leadership education and organizational development. The immunity-to-change language technology is a language form for deep structural change. Deep structural change is epistemologic change, change in our ways of knowing. The language form is intended to help people make changes to which they are truly committed. In the qualitative research process, I presented the immunity-to-change language technology to persons actively engaged in a variety of pastoral ministries and who are affiliated to the Centre. The ultimate goal of my research process was to assess the potential usefulness of this language form for enabling the Centre's candidates for ministry to identify and work toward changing their built-in resistances to integrating the Centre's ecclesial vision into their own pastoral practice. The findings of this research indicate that the immunity-to-change language is a powerful process for deep structural change. It has the potential to be an effective tool for integrating the Centre's vision into its ministry formation process, if the process includes the appropriate follow-up stages and built-in supports after the initial presentation of the diagnostic phase.

abstract: Doctor of Ministry (DMin)


title: Effects of Prlor Processlng on Judging Gynnastlcs

contributor:
Lee, Timothy D.
Human Biodynamics

subject: Adapted Human Biodynamics

abstract: Three experiments are reported that examined the lnfluence of prior judgements on implicit and expliclt tests of memory in gymnastic judging. The rationale was that if gymnastlc Judging ls affected by the memory for prior eplsodes, then the accuracy of judgements should change as a result of the prior episode. The results of Experiment 1 revealed that perceptual judgements dlffered as a functlon of an item's relationship between the study phase and the perceptual test phase. Moves that had the same performance ln both phases resulted ln the hlghest level of accuracy (M = 79%). New moves were less accurate (M = 75%). The lowest level of accuracy was achieved for items where the performance was altered between study and the perceptual test (M = 72%) . Similarly, recognition judgements differed as a functlon of an item's relationship between the study phase and recognition test phase. Novlce and expert Judges revealed similar memory lnfluences for perceptual and recognition Judgements (Experiment 1). Memory influences were reduced, but still evident when subjects were given prior knowledge of these effects and procedural changes were adopted (Experiment 2). Spacing of repetitions dld not enhance prior processlng effects of perceptual Judgements, but superior retention was noted for spaced repetitions in the recognition test phase (Experiment 3). These findings are discussed in terms of memory influences on subjective experience and the practical implications of Judges' exposure to an athlete's performance prlor to competition.

abstract: Master of Science (MS)


title: SEX DETERMINATION AND AGE ESTIMATION: SKELETAL EVIDENCE FROM ST. THOMAS' CEMETERY BELLEVILLE, ONTARIO

contributor:
Saunders, Shelley R.
Anthropology

subject: Anthropology Anthropology

abstract: The precision and accuracy of 17 pelvic an 17 cranial features commonly used to assess adult skeletal sex and three systems of adult pelvic age estimation were tested on a sample of 278 individuals from the 19th century St. Thomas' Anglican church Cemetery in Belleville, Ontario. Documentation in the form of parish burial, marriage and baptismal records exists for the entire cemetery, but only fifty-five individuals over 17 years of age are personally identified. Both the pelvic an cranial methods of morphological sex determination produce sex ratios indistinguishable from the documented ratio. on a individual basis, the precision and accuracy of the pelvic approach is superior to that of the cranial approach. The most reliable and accurate pelvic results may be obtained from an examination of the following six criteria: ventral arc, obturator foramen, true pelvis shape, sacrum shape, subpubic concavity and pubis shape. the following eight cranial criteria produced the least amount of intraobserver error and the greatest degree of accuracy: superaorbital ridges, mastoid size, malar size and shape, occipital markings, chin form, general size, zygomatic root extension and mandible shape. Three features, posterior view of the sacrum, zygomatic root extension and occipital muscle markings, exhibit increases accuracy with age. There is no age-related affect on accuracy when the complete trait lists are employed. Pelvic assessments appear to be biased in favour of males while cranial assessments seem biased in favour of females. Of the Phenice (1969) criteria, the ventral arc is the single most useful trait exhibiting both high precision (0% intraobserver error) and high accuracy (86.9%). The subpubic concavity ranked second and the ischiopubic ramus last. None of the age techniques examined in this investigation are precise and accurate enough to be employed exclusive of other systems. When both precision and accuracy are taken into account, the auricular surface technique of estimating skeletal age-at-death produces the best results for individual cases. One major problem with this method is its tendency to overage individuals less than 40 years and underage indviduals greater than 40 years. The accuracies of the Suchey methods are acceptable mainly ecause of the wide age ranges covered by each phase. The estimates provided by these methods are too broad to be useful in individual cases. When used to produce an age profile the Suchey systems (with the Jackes (1985) distribution method) are better than the auricular surface method. The pattern is slightly distorted by problems associated with phases III (2), IV (1) and IV.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Polish Baptist Identity in Historical Context

contributor:
Brackney, William H.
Divinity College

abstract: Master of Divinity (M.Div)


title: US-Soviet Relations And The Nuclear strategic Factor 1945-1984: Crisis management and Confronting The Nuclear Dilemma.

contributor:
Bromke, Adam
Political Science

subject:
Political Science
Political Science

abstract: This thesis explores the often-troubled relationship between the US and the USSR during the period 1945-1984. Interjected into this relationship has been a juggernaut- like nuclear strategic arms race that seemingly defies control an potentially threatens the destruction of the entire world. it has, in effect, created a mutual hostage relationship which neither superpower seems capable of resolving. Also, to be examined are the effects that possession of such nuclear weapons by the superpowers has had on the reordering of the post World War II world. Each, it will be pointed out, had its own messianic goals and negative stereotype images of the other which were characterized by high levels of fear, mistrust and misperceptions. Both superpowers have come to regard nuclear weapons not only as instruments of unimaginable mass destructive capabilities; but also as political-psychological weapons, whose threatened use alone, often-times, is sufficient to achieve certain political goals. Moreover efforts at achieving significant nuclear strategic arms control have, to date, been relatively ineffective. In the absence of such agreements, crisis management principles continue to be stresses in order to avoid any destabilizing superpower confrontation. Time, however, is running out. The US and the USSR must choose to accept mutual co-existence and significant nuclear strategic arms control or face the danger of worldwide nuclear annihilation. A political solution is deemed to be the only way out of this grave problem. Potentially, complex computers and telecommunications networks threaten to usurp control over their nuclear deterrents. The study argues that absolute control must remain in the hands of he respective national political leaders.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The effect of resistance training on strength development in Prepubescent boys

contributor:
R., Cameron J.
Adapted Human Biodynamics

abstract: The present investigation was undertaken to examine the effects of resistance training on maximal voluntary strength, muscle cross-sectional area and contractile properties in prepubescent boys. A second purpose was to observe the time course and identify the possible mechanism(s) underlying strength development in this population. Thirteen boys (9-11y) volunteered for each of the training (T) and control (C) groups. Training consisted of between3-5 sets of six exercises. Subjects trained 3 times weekly for two phases of 10 weeks at intensities betweetn 75-85% of the 1 repetition maximum(RM). Performance measures (1RM) were recorded for bench press (BP) and leg press(LP) on a Global Gym station for both experimental and control groups. The 1 RM double arm curl and leg extension were measured for the experimental group only, on the training device. Maximal voluntary isometric strength (MVC), isokinetic strength (IS) and contractile properties were measured for the right elbow flexors (EF) and knee extensors (KE). The interpolated twitch technique was used to determine % motor unit activation (MUA) and computerized axial tomography (CAT) was used to determine EF and KE cross-sectional area (CSA). All data were analysed using ANOVA with a Tukey post hoc test, with the exception of % MUA (Friedman two-way analysis of variance). High day today and trial to trial reliability was obtained for voluntary strength measurements. Wide fluctuations were observed in day to day and trial to trial reliability of the evoked contractile properties. While CAT was judged a satisfactory method for measuring total limb and total lean cross-sectional area, questions were raised concerning the reliability and accuracy of the technique in discerning between individual muscle bellies. Significant training effects on voluntary strength were observed for BP (+35 %) , LP (+22%), EFIS (+26 %), KEIS (+20%), EFMVC(+37%) (P<.01),and at joint angles 90 and 120 for KEMVC (P<.05). Muscular endurance, defined as the number of repetitions performed at the end of the study with the pre-test 1 RM, was also significantly increased for the BP and LP with training (P<0.1). For the contractile properties, training significantly increased EF (+30 %, P<.01) and KE (+30%, P<.05) twitch torque. With the exception of EF maximum rate of torque relaxation (MRTR) (+20 %, P<.05) all other time-related contractile properties were not affected by training. However, maximurn rate of torque development (MRTD) for both muscle groups showed a trend toward increasing. There were no significant effects of training on CSA or % MUA, however, there was a trend towards increased MUA f-or elbow flexion and knee extension in the trained group. In conclusion, resistance training increased voluntary strength of EF during both phases of training. Voluntary strength of KE increased mostly during the first 10 weeks of training. Although the strength gains were independent of changres in muscle CSA, significant increases in twitch torque combined with trends in some of the timerelated contractile properties, during the second phase of training, suggest possible adaptations in muscle extensibility or excitation-contraction coupling. While these changes may explain part of the observed increases in strength, neurological adaptations such as increased MUA, improved motor skill, better co-contraction of the synergist muscle groups and increased inhibition of the antagonist muscle groups are likely the major determinants of the strength gains in this study.

abstract: Master of Science (MS)


title: The influence of focus of attention on golf performance

contributor:
Lee, Tim
Human Biodynamics

abstract: The goal of this study was to examine the impact of manipulating focus of attention on golf pitching performance in skilled and less skilled golfers. Twenty skilled (handicap less than 6) and twenty less skilled (handicap greater than 20) golfers were asked to pitch 80 golf balls towards a target under two different attentional conditions. The participants were counterbalanced to focus of attention exposure and performed l0 shots at four distances under both foci of attention. In order to reduce the influence of prior perforrnance on shot execution, vision was occluded from the participants upon club contact with the ball. vision was restored after the distance and angle of the ball from the hole was measured, thereby limiting the knowledge of results. The two foci of attention conditions in this study included an extemal and an internal focus of attention. ln the external focus of attention participants were told to concentrate on hitting the pylon target' In the intemal focus of attention condition, golfers were instructed to concentrate on their form, by bending their knees and not gripping the club too tightly. participants were reminded after every third trial of their instructions. In addition, golfers were asked to comment on their performance after each shot based on a 5-point Likert scale. In the case of an extemal focus of attention, golfers were asked to comment on where they felt the ball made initial contact with respect to the target center. In the internal focus of attention condition. participants were asked to comment on how much body force they had utilized in the shot just executed. This was done in an attempt to foster the appropriate focus of attention, and to ensure that participants were indeed attending to their assigned focus. Results of this study indicate that focus of attention manipulation can indeed influence performance on a golf pitching task. Skilled golfers appear to benefit from an extemal focus of attention. Contrary to popular focus of attention theory, however, it appears as though novices may benefit from being instructed to focus on their body movements rather than the effects of their movements.

abstract: Master of Science (MS)


title: Counterurbanization in the Greater Toronto Area

contributor:
Kanaroglou, Pavlos
Geography

subject: Geography Geography

abstract: It was the main objective of this particular thesis to deterrnine whether the experiences of the Greater Toronto Area with respect to patterns in the redistribution of its population, were similar to those in urban areas of other developed nations around the globe. Although a plethora of studies were carried out relating to the counterurbanization phenomenon during the late seventies and early eighties in these other countries, to this point few have been carried out in a Canadian context. In light of this, in completing this thesis. first, we hope to contribute to the literature by highlighting patterns of population distribution in the GTA from 1971-91, utilizing the hoover index of concentration as the primary means of doing this. The results suggest a pattern of population redistribution away from the core, favouring municipalities peripheral to this area. Second, through careful consideration of the key criticisms put forth relating to the study of the counterurbanization phenornenon, we have determined the validity of each in terms of the extent to which they would affect the observed trends in the distribution of the GTA's populations. The results of this analysis offer evidence in support of the 'metropolitan overspill' hypothesis which interprets these trends in the redistribution of population away from the core as the continuation of the process of suburbanisation, only an accelerated level of the phenomenon. Finally, in realizing the importance of studying economic activity alongside any trends in the redistribution of population, analvsis of data from the Transportation Tomorrow Surveys of 1986, 9l, & 96 has been completed. Once again, we find the results of this analysis lend additional support to the 'metropolitan overspill' hypothesis.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Elderly Migration in Canada

contributor:
Liaw, Kao-Lee
Geography and Geology

subject:
Other Geography
Other Geography

abstract: This thesis sets out to characteize, explain, and assess the 1991-96 and lifetime interprovincial migrations of elderly Canadians, based on the migration data of the 1996 population census. The study of the 1991-96 elderly migration is divided into two parts. The first part characterizes, interprets, and assesses the relative importance of five distinct types of migration(primary, onward, return, foreign, and recent immigration). The major findings are (1) that the overall redistributional impact of the 1991-96 elderly migration was the increase of the shares of Canada's elderly population by the three provinces with the strongest economies; (2) that due to the positive selectivity in primary and onward migrations with respect to income and marital status, the migrations of the Canadian-born elderly probably did not result in increased financial burden on these provinces; and (3) that recent immigrants accounted for more than half of the combined pool of the elderly migrants and made Canada less French. The purpose of second part is to characterize and explain interprovincial elderly primary migration (migration from the province of birth) in a multivariate context, using a nested logit model. The main finding is that both the location of adult children and environmental amenities were important factors in the departure decision and destination choices of elderly migrants. This result supports Litwak's theory of modified extended family and the developmental theory of Litwak and Longino as well. The main purpose of studying the lifetime migration of elderly Canadians is to assess the long-term effects of interprovincial migration. The main findings are (1) that the lifetime migration resulted in the net transfers of migrants from the "have not" to the "have"provinces; (2) that the migrants moving in the "right" direction achieved income betterment, although the betterment was not large enough to compensate for the disadvantage of being born in the "have not" provinces and/or to Francophone parents; and (3) that the lifetime migration aggravated somewhat the cultural polarization between Quebec and the rest of Canada.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Ladybird Novellas: D.H. Lawrence's Use of Mythic and Realistic Components

contributor:
Granofsky, Ronald
English

subject:
English
English Language and Literature
English Language and Literature

abstract:
This thesis examines three novellas by D.H. Lawrence: The Ladybird, The Fox, and The Captain's Doll, collectively referred to as the Ladybird tales. It approaches these works with the intention of demonstrating the fundamental role played therein by mythic and realistic narrative components, and also with the intention of pointing out the excessively manipulative way that Lawrence uses these components to give voice to his didactic philosophy.

In the study's Introduction, the terms 'mythic component' and 'realistic component' are defined, and their applicability to Lawrence's fiction is explained. Lawrence's own definition of authorial immorality is then explored, and the study's primary argument, that Lawrence's use of mythic and realistic components in the Ladybird tales is immoral by his own standards, is stated. Each of the three chapters is devoted to supporting this argument as it pertains to one of the Ladybird novellas.

It is hoped that this thesis will create an awareness that the world-view presented in the Ladybird novellas is not so much an integral part of the art as it is an imposition on the art by the author.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: "Going Up the River on a Bicycle": An Examination of the trilogy of novels by Edna O'Brien

contributor:
Aziz, M.
English

abstract: Edna O'Brien's first novel, The Country Girls, was received with great public and critical praise. This novel was the winner of the Kingsely Amis Award for the best first novel of 1959 and has been translated into twelve languages. Despite the success of the first novel and subsequent endeavours - novels, short-stories, non-fiction studies, plays, movies, television appearances - there has been little formal critical attention given to O'Brien's work, particularly in North America. It seems to me that O'Brien is a writer of very considerable talent; she is a craftsman in prose, and a distinguished and distinctive one. The purpose of this study is to test this contention by considering the immediate, accessible qualities of O'Brien's work and subjecting the work to close, critical scrutiny. This critical introduction will consider the trilogy of novels, The Country Girls, Girl with Green Eyes and Girls in their Married Bliss. Although these novels do not have the power and impact of the fully developed later voice, they do lay the foundation for the mature work. Each work is complete in itself but a better understanding of O'Brien's vision comes by examining the works as part of the whole. The trilogy introduces and begins to develop themes that recur throughout the canon.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Imagination, Illusion and Vision in James Joyce's Dubliners

abstract:
This thesis examines James Joyce's cycle of short stories entitled Dubliners. I have centered my analysis of the stories on character and, in particular, on the several protagonists set before us. The thesis' objective is to demonstrate the prime importance of the protagonist's imagination in relation to his\her ability to perceive and respond positively to an epiphany when it occurs. I have attempted to show the delicate relationship between the central characters' imaginative capabilities and the frequently destructive external conditions of their lives.

In the Introduction to the thesis I define, and demonstrate the connections between, the terms which are most important to this study. They are 'imagination,' 'vision,' 'empathy,' 'sympathy,' 'illusion,' and 'delusion.' The thesis is divided into four chapters which follow Joyce's patterning for the gradual maturation of the central characters. The thesis also attempts to show a movement from the young and hopeful imaginations of the earlier stories, through a steady lessening of the characters' powers of imagination and a descent into illusion and delusion, until "The Dead" offers a positive example of the visionary potential of the imagination.

It is my hope that this thesis will occasion a reevaluation of the central importance of character to Dubliners and that it will create a heightened awareness that, above all else, Joyce valued the individual's powers of imagination and vision.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Sacred Symbols in George Herbert's Poetry

contributor:
Dale, J.
English

abstract:
Although this study may be helpful for a theological understanding of the poetry of George Herbert, its more immediate concerns are not with theology. This thesis is an attempt to look beyond theology to the nature of the religious experience itself, and to explore that experience through the symbols that express it. Each of the symbols I have chosen, water, fire, and blood, reveals the essential paradox of the religious life, for while each symbol contains an element of terror and should be feared, each symbol also contains an element of relief and should be willingly embraced. Herbert's understanding of these symbols is not peculiar either to his poetry or to his age. The connection between Herbert's use of these symbols and the biblical use of them is undeniable and the influence of The Book of Common Prayer is considerable.

Water is used by Herbert to indicate his own sense of defilement and it becomes a sign of God's wrath with the power to destroy corruption. At the very moment of destruction, however, water also symbolizes purification and the establishment of new life. Similarly, fire destroys and recreates, and blood, too, defiles and purifies. Moreover, contact with each of these three symbols reveals a glimpse of the character of the holy; the paradoxical qualities inherent in the symbols are a reflection of the paradoxical qualities of the divine nature itself. Finally, each of the symbols transforms Herbert's world by abolishing the divisions between the sacred and profane, the temporal and the eternal, even between life and death itself. Through water, fire, and blood, all things are made new.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Development of a Cognitive Representation Through Observational Motor Learning

abstract: Two experiments are reported that examined whether KR was necessary to develop a representation through observational motor learning. Subjects observed a learning model perform three variations of a three segment timing task and then performed two transfer tasks. The first experiment found that a cognitive representation could be formed through observational learning, even when KR was not provided during acquisition. This was determined since there were no differences in performance of the two observer groups on the transfer tests. The observers were however, better than the control group on the transfer tests. Evidence for the development of a cognitive representation was also found when auditory information was eliminated during acquisition on the second experiment. Once again there were no differences in the perforrnance of the two observer groups. These results were discussed in reference to observational motor learning and the necessity of knowledge of results to acquire movement skills.

abstract: Master of Science (MS)


title: China's Post-Mao Reforms and the Prospects for Democratization

contributor:
Stubbs, Richard
Political Science

subject:
Political Science
Political Science

abstract: The downfall of the communist regimes of Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union has given rise to a crucial debate in China, the last major bastion of communist countries in the world. The debate, which places advocates of thorough economic reform against those who wish to preserve the present communist system, has ended in a tacit agreement between them that the Chinese regime should continue with economic reform if the regime is to survive in power. This policy raises the prospect of the link between China's post-Mao reforms and the democratization of the nation, following the logic which holds that as an economy grows rapidly, a stable democracy is likely to emerge and consolidate. It is, however, apparent that economic development cannot alone determine the prospects for democratization. The case of china demonstrates that while economic activities have increased, the limited political liberalization that took place during the early and mid-1980s has not progressed any further; the authoritarian natrire of China's political system has even been strengthened. Therefore, the analysis needs to be expanded to other variables in order to help explain what has been happening in China. It is argued that due to socioeconomic development, China's political culture and eliie politics, the process of political change in China tends to follow the evolutionary authoritarian route wnicn involves a dual transition. The first phase of the transition, which has been under way since the late 1970s' involves a transformation from a politically and economically closed communist regime to an authoritarian regime with a market-oriented economy. This process will continue in the short to medium term after Deng's death. The second phase will see the transformation of the present authoritarian regime into a democratic government based on a market economy. The preconditions for China's departure from communism to democracy will be the spread of economic prosperity, changes in the political culture, and the emergence of new political elites, most likely the fifth or sixth generation of rulers who wiil show less aversion to the idea of democratization and put up less resistance to democratizing pressures from below.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Interpreting Indonesian Domestic and Foreign Policies: New Prospects for Democratization in the 1990s?

subject:
Political Science
Political Science

abstract: As the world approached the end of the 1980s, human rights and democracy became major issues not only within the Third World countries, but also in international relations. lt was in this newly emerging environment that Indonesians found themselves at the centre of a prolonged debate about, on the one hand, the need to maintain strict political control to enable the country to catch up with the more developed countries and, on the other hand, the need to democratize the existing political system to accommodate increasing national and international pressures for more democratic governance. This thesis is of the opinion that, contrary to the pessimistic views held by some scholars, Indonesia will inevitably democratize in the future, although the process of democratization will proceed only gradually and cautiously, under Indonesia's own terms, and towards Indonesia's own form of democracy that blends some basic values and norms of Western democracy with indigenous values and norms. This thesis focuses on the four, most commonly discussed factors influencing democratization-socioeconomic development, international factors, the role of the elite, and political culture. However, since domestic politics does not take place in an international vacuum, and because international interference in domestic politics of the Third World countries is not always welcomed by the latter, this thesis also gives special attention to the realm of Indonesian foreign policy and relates it to the issues of democratization. A central feature of this thesis is to understand Indonesian political culture and the elites of the Suharto government. lt will be contended that, while socioeconomic and international factors make it increasingly difficult for the present government to maintain its strict political control over the population, Indonesian political culture and the persistence of elites' interests leave litfle room for revolutionary, large-scale, foreign-influenced democratization to take place.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Fishing Stations and the Low Country: A Contribution to Hudson Bay Lowland Ethnohistory

contributor:
Noble, WiIIiam C.
Anthropology

subject: Anthropology Anthropology

abstract: The Hudson Bay Lowrand - often referred to in fur-trade records as the "low country" has been the subject of much research within the natural sciences; however, research pertaining to the region's human history and ecology is not as well advanced. This study employs ethnohistorical methodology integrating ethnographies, exploration literature, fur-trade records, archaeological data, and Native advisor consultations in an attempt to elucidate culture history and patterns of Native occupation within the Lowland region. Hudson's Bay Cornpany fur-trade journals, reports, and maps indicate that within the Lowrand the Indian population harvested fish at "fishing stations" where "weirs" were constructed, maintained, and operated. Fur-trade records in combination with information provided by Native advisors illustrate that fishing stations were operational on a year-round basis and that fish played a significant rore within Native economic strategies. Based upon an 1815 Severn District report and accompanying maps, recorded fishing station locations were identified on the Shamattawa River and at the southern junction of Spruce Lake and the North Washagami River. Activity areas at these fishing station locations yielded evidence of substantial occupation over time and space and they provided insight into economic strategies and adaptations.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Groundwater storage and Movement at a site in Beverly Swamp

contributor:
Woo, M.K.
Geography

subject: Geography Geography

abstract:
Soil samples of peat and hydrologic data were collected from a site in Beverly Swamp, Ontario, from June to September of 1984. The data was analyzed to determine how groundwater storage and movement responded to fluctuations in the water table.

During periods of a lowering water table, groundwater flow was upward and storage capacity increased. The vertical water flow in the peat, which was the dominant direction of flow, was very small and decreased as water levels declined. In periods of recharge the water table rose quickly, groundwater flowed downward and storage capacity was reduced significantly. Vertical water movement increased as the water table rose but remained very small.

It is concluded that groundwater flow in the peat is very small and insignificant while antecedent moisture levels and rainfall amounts are the more important factors in controlling the short term storage capacity of the swamp.

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: Hydrologic and Hydrochemical Observations of Both Stream and Groundwater within Beverly Swamp

contributor:
Woo, M. K.
Geography

subject: Geography Geography

abstract: In 1975, field observations were made in Beverly Swamp to determine the impact of the construction of a hydro powerline on the groundwater and stream flow regime of the Swamp. Results indicate significant differences between the forested areas and the forest clearings in terms of their hydrologic and hydrochemical characteristics.

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: lndigenous Self-Determination in Canada and Australia

contributor:
Coleman, W. D.
Political Science

subject:
Political Science
Political Science

abstract: The purpose of this thesis is to explore the concept of indigenous self-determination as it is being developed and put into practice by the indigenous peoples and governments of Canada and Australia. Based on a critical comparative analysis of the four most recent and innovative indigenous self-determination initiatives of Canada and Ausffalia - the dismantling of the Department of Indian Affairs and Northem Development (DIAND) initiative and the creation of the Territory and Government of Nunavut in Canada, and the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission (ATSIC) initiative and the development of responsible territorial government for Torres Strait in Australia - the central argument of this thesis is that Canada and Australia's unique socio-political contexts (defined by indigenous and non-indigenous histories, institutions and cultures) determine how indigenous self-determination is defined, pursued and given a meaning in practice by indigenous peoples and government in the two countries' This thesis concludes that the socio-political context of Canada has permitted a more broadly based and notably more extensive definition, pursuit and meaning in practice of indigenous self-determination than permitted by the socio-political context of Australia. ln Canada, self-determination is directed toward the attainment of self-government with indigenous peoples largely directing the process and non-indigenous peoples generally supportive of this pursuit. In Australia, the pursuit of selfdetermination is directed towards the attainment of self-management with Commonwealth and State governments largely directing the process and non-indigenous Australians generally opposed to this pursuit.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Metaphysical Presuppositions in Spengler's Der Untergang des Abendlandes

contributor:
Madison, G.
Philosophy

subject: Philosophy Philosophy

abstract: This thesis is an elucidation of the metaphysics embodied in Oswald Spengler's Der Untergang des Abendlandes. The elucidation consists primarily in revealing the implicit metaphysical presuppositions which Spengler never fully discussed or recognized. The accomplishment of this task is partly achieved by comparing and contrasting Spengler's view of Being with the views of his two major predecessors, Goethe and Nietzsche. It is in this connection that the implicit presupposition, that Not-Being is real or constitutes an aspect of reality, is brought to light. An extensive analysis of key concepts in the Spenglerian philosophy such as longing, fear, time, and the depth-experience, and an analysis of the general theory of Culture and Civilization are undertaken in order to see how Not-Being is implied. Further clarification of Spengler's metaphysical view is gained by comparing and contrasting key statements from the Untergang with passages from Leibriz' philosophical writings. In this way one becomes aware that many fundamental principles of Leibnizian monadism are implicit metaphysical presuppositions. The theme is set forth that Spengler's philosophy of Culture implies a pre-established harmony similar to, but not identical with the Leibnizian harmony. As further substantiation of this interpretation, the themes of the pre-established harmony and of Not-Being are employed to interpret difficult areas of Spengler's philosophy of history, in particular the questions of race and fellahism.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)