identifier: Pevida, Ary <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Pevida=3AAry=3A=3A.html>   (2009) Measurement of attitudes towards nurse/physician collaboration in the Health Care Corporation of St. John's.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: An assessment of acute care nurses' and physicians' attitudes toward collaboration, as well as the relationship between interprofessional education and interprofessional collaboration, is crucial for the future development of health care in Canada. Collaboration has been identified, as a way of facilitating and improving the provision of patient care. Inter-professional education has been introduced at Memorial University of Newfoundland, but to succeed this approach to education should be guided by expected outcomes and should be designed to target current problems. -- The purpose of this study was to conduct an assessment of the attitudes of nurses and physicians in the St. John's region toward collaborative practice. Specific objectives of this study are: (a), To identify the prevailing attitudes towards collaborative practice among nurses and physicians in the workplace in the St. John's region, (b) To identify factors associated with more or less positive attitudes towards collaboration, and (c) To compare attitudes towards interprofessional practice of a class of graduating nursing and medical students from Memorial University, who had completed a formalized interprofessional component as part of their curriculum, with that of a cohort who had not. --  A descriptive, cross sectional correlational study design was used to assess nurse and physician attitudes toward collaborative practice. A validated assessment tool, The Jefferson Scale of Attitudes Toward Physician-Nurse Collaboration, (Jefferson Scale) was utilized to collect data related to this domain. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to create descriptive tables to describe the demographic characteristics of the respondents,   to compare nurses' and physicians' scores on the Jefferson Scale and to determine which factors (e.g. occupation, age, education level etc.) predict a higher score on the Jefferson Scale of Attitude Toward Physician-Nurse collaboration. -- Overall, nurses (n= 526) showed a significantly greater willingness to collaborate than physicians (n = 205). The findings also showed that of the demographic and personal characteristics examined, level of education was the most positively associated with the total score on the Jefferson Scale.   Finally, the data analysis also revealed a lack of association between total Jefferson Scale score and exposure to pre-licensure interprofessional education. -- Study findings suggest that in the current sample of nurses and physicians, nurses had the most positive attitudes towards collaborative practice, were dissatisfied with their limited involvement in the decision making process regarding patient care and favor an increase in their involvement in decisions related to patient care and policy development. Finally, results also show that female nurses and physicians who participated in the current study have more positive attitudes towards interprofessional collaboration in the work place than their male counterparts. -- Although study findings supported previous research, generalizability of the results to other acute care nurses and physicians is cautioned. There is an obvious need for further research to develop a greater understanding of the factors affecting the development and implementation of interprofessional education for the health sciences. Most importantly, the onus is on health care researchers to conduct more research studies on nurse-physician collaboration using more innovative and reliable designs such as action research. Evidence emanating from such research studies should serve as a guide for the development of Interprofessional Education.


identifier: Bulgin, Iona. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Bulgin=3AIona=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2001) Mapping the self in the "utmost purple rim" : published Labrador memoirs of four Grenfell nurses.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

type: Thesis NonPeerReviewed

abstract: This dissertation examines the published memoirs of four Grenfell nurses, Dora Burchill's Labrador Memories (1947), Bessie Banfill's Labrador Nurse (1952), Lesley Diack's Labrador Nurse (1963), and Dorothy Jupp's A Journey of Wonder and Other Writings (1971), and argues for broadening canonical boundaries to allow for their inclusion in the literary and cultural history of Newfoundland and Labrador. -- From 1893, the contributions of Grenfell Mission nurses to Mission periodicals and publicity pamphlets composed an unrecognized tradition of nurses' writings. Strictly censored, this writing was used as propaganda and promoted the Mission and its ideology of service. The four memoirs discussed in this dissertation present females who step outside the approved cultural scripts for nurses. Within the Grenfell Mission, these independent, assertive voices were counter-hegemonic; collectively, they subvert the romanticized image of the Mission presented by conventional history. -- Memoir, a form in which the self is shown in relation to the community, is a literary genre not given much critical attention. Memoir permits each nurse to create a version of the self-a self not permitted in official Grenfell discourse. When the surface intention of these memoirs is penetrated and subverted and they are read for autobiography, for self-inscription, these nurses are seen as complex individuals negotiating their self-inscriptions through the translation of the material of their Grenfell experiences. Although these memoirs achieved a certain readership and a modicum of success when published, their invisibility in the history of the Grenfell Mission and in the literary culture of Newfoundland and Labrador attests to their marginalization. When read against archival material, the silences become apparent. This dissertation claims a space not just for public autobiographical writing, but for the rescue and restoration of the voices that speak from archival documents. Reclaiming the voices of these Grenfell nurses breaks the silence that has hidden these remarkable "herstories" and attempts to establish a powerful counter-narrative by inserting women's personal narratives into the Grenfell myth.


identifier: Power, Geoffrey Alonzo <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Power=3AGeoffrey_Alonzo=3A=3A.html>   (2008) Modulation of breathing parameters between treadmill and cycle ergometer tests in endurance trained and recreationally active individuals.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study aimed at comparing breathing patterns during incremental-load tests to exhaustion performed on both cycle (CE) and treadmill (TE) ergometers. The hypothesis for this study is two fold; (i) during an incremental to exhaustion test treadmill running will evoke a higher breathing frequency and cycling will evoke a larger tidal volume at isometabolic conditions due to the different muscle contractions. Secondly, (ii) during an incremental to exhaustion test a higher breathing frequency during treadmill running and a higher tidal volume during cycle ergometery ought to be observed at isometabolic conditions in well-trained endurance athletes as compared to recreationally active individuals, due to changes in the periphery from years of chronic training. Ten specifically trained endurance individuals (S) (Five cross-country runners and five cyclists), and eight non-specifically trained individuals (NS) underwent a maximal oxygen uptake determination test (VO₂max) on both a CE and TE. Cardiorespiratory variables (VO₂max, VCO₂, RER, VE, VT, and ƒR) and movement frequency (MF), were collected and calculated relative to fixed percentages of VO₂max, ranging from 50 to 100%. ANOVA revealed significantly higher values at each percentage of VO₂max on the TE compared to the CE in the NS group (p < 0.05) whereas the S group did not significantly differ. There was no significant difference in VCO₂and RER, between the S and NS groups on both the CE and the TE. The minute ventilation (VE) was similar between the S and NS groups on both ergometers except for 50 to 60% of VO₂max. Concurrently, VT was significantly higher, while ƒR was significantly lower on the CE compared to the TE in both groups (p < 0.05). A significant MF group effect was observed, with S reaching higher values on both ergometers, upon examining percent entrainment (%ENT) there was no difference observed between groups or modes. The outcomes demonstrated that at isometabolic intensities no difference in breathing patterns between specifically trained endurance individuals and non-specifically trained individuals was reached on both ergometers despite an MF group effect. Although (S) reached higher cardiorespiratory values on both ergometers compared to non-specifically trained individuals, their ventilatory patterns did not differ.


identifier: Porter, Paulette <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Porter=3APaulette=3A=3A.html>   (1998) Parent-child read aloud program for 8-9 year old children.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This project emphasizes the importance of parents reading aloud to their children. In this project, the facilitator developed and implemented a reading program that involved a parent or some other family member to read to children on a regular basis. The project was implemented over a 12 week period in a rural All Grade School, Kindergarten-Level III, located in eastern Newfoundland, approximately 30 kilometres from the nearest urban centre. The school serviced 11 communities and had an enrolment, in September 1997, of 261 students. The participants in this project were twenty 8 year old Grade 3 children (12 boys and 8 girls); their parents, older siblings and/or relatives; and the children's Grade 3 teacher who was the project facilitator. -- The participants of the project were provided with information sessions during the project to make them aware of the many values of reading aloud to children, the parents' role in promoting their children's reading development including how to create a literate home environment, how to choose a read aloud book, how to choose the right time to read aloud, and how to read aloud effectively. The opportunity to choose books from the classroom for home read aloud sessions was provided daily. Read aloud sessions occurred at home on a regular basis and the children, with the help of their parents, kept records of their home read aloud sessions. -- A parent survey was used to provide the project facilitator with information related to the home literacy environment, such as, who read aloud at home to the children, how often and when read aloud occurred, what was read, the length of read aloud sessions, the availability of material at home for read aloud, and the frequency of visits to the local Public Library. -- The components of an effective Parent-Child Read Aloud Program were identified as parent information sessions, parent-teacher communications, children's literature collections, daily read aloud sessions and monitoring of read aloud sessions. The details of each component were provided.


identifier: Feindel, Scott C. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Feindel=3AScott_C=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Optimization of hatchery culture of the sea scallop, Placopecten Magellanicus (Gmelin,1791) : dietary lipid quality and fatty acid requirements.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Different species of live algal cultures varying broadly in essential fatty acid content - eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n-3), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3), and arachidonic acid (ARA; 20:4n-6) - were used in exploratory experiments to evaluate the impact of dietary lipid quality on broodstock conditioning and larval culture of the sea scallop (Placopecten magellanicus). Egg biochemical composition was relatively stable when diets were fed to animals in a partially conditioned state, but varied more for wild eggs compared to lab-conditioned animals. When diet treatments were initiated earlier in a second experiment, differences among the fatty acid composition of gonad samples were more apparent. -- In larval feeding trials, fatty acids in neutral lipids, and to lesser extent phospholipids, of larvae reflected the composition of the algae they were fed. C₂₀ and C₂₂ PUFA were preferentially accumulated, particularly DHA which plays a specific structural role in Pectinids. Growth results suggest increasing dietary ARA, or possibly 22:5n-6. -- Last, variability in lipid quality was examined in aging batch cultures of a strain of Pavlova sp. (CCMP459). Lipid, mainly TAG, as a proportion of dry weight, more than doubled over the experimental period. As cultures aged, the (n-3)/(n-6) series fatty acid ratio was reduced. By controlling algal harvest strategies or culture conditions, the biochemical composition of algae may be optimized to best meet the nutritional needs of a particular bivalve species or developmental stage.


identifier: Dominie, Mary Ellen <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Dominie=3AMary_Ellen=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Nurses' experiences with pain management in long term care settings: a grounded theory study.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of this grounded theory study was to investigate nurses' experiences with pain management in long term care settings where the majority of the residents are elderly persons. A non-probability, purposive sample of sixteen registered nurses was obtained from three nursing homes in St. John's, Newfoundland. Semistructured interviews, averaging approximately one hour, were audiotaped and conducted in a private place. Open-ended questions explored nurses' perceptions of assessment protocols, intervention strategies, knowledge requirements, and barriers to and facilitators of effective pain management. Interviews were transcribed verbatim within 48-hours, checked for accuracy, and subjected to the constant comparative method of analysis. Credibility and accuracy of the themes and emerging conceptual categories were confirmed by an independent rater and follow up telephone calls to participants. -- Three theoretical categories have emerged to define nurses' experiences with managing pain: knowing the resident; assuming the helping role; and striving to achieve positive outcomes. The emerging theory suggests that the constructs of knowing the resident, assuming the helping role and striving to achieve positive outcomes exert independent and interactive effects on nurses' abilities to manage residents' pain in long term care settings. Based on theoretical insights gleaned from the data it is postulated that "overcoming barriers" is the common thread intersecting and joining the constructs. -- Nurses are experiencing both success and frustrations in managing patients' pain. The current study's findings suggest that unless nurses have adequate understanding of the total person and insight into the barriers to and facilitators of pain management efforts, decisions about appropriate strategies and effective monitoring of intervention outcomes will be compromised in long term care settings.


identifier: Dicks, Lorraine M. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Dicks=3ALorraine_M=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1998) Neuropsychological, emotional, personality and pain profiles in litigating whiplash patients : preliminary evidence for differentiation into sub-groups based on presence and level of cervical injury.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Neuropsychological, affective, personality, and physical consequences of post-concussion syndrome following an indirect blow to the head sustained through rapid acceleration/deceleration forces causing hyperextension/hyperflexion (whiplash) injury were investigated. A mild traumatic brain injury comparison group (MTBI) was used. All but one patient was involved in litigation at the time of their assessment. Whiplash patients were divided into three groups based on presence and level of cervical injury. Patients with upper cervical spine injury were classified as the cervicoencephalic syndrome group (CES); lower cervical spine injury, the lower cervical spine syndrome (LCSS) group; and patients without structural damage, the no objective evidence of pathology (NOEP) group. The study sought to substantiate this differential diagnosis. -- Whiplash patients experienced fewer and less severe cognitive compromise than MTBI patients. In general, they were not memory impaired as was the MTBI group. The higher the level of neck injury, the greater the propensity for impaired attentional functions and speed of information processing. This may be attributable to proximity of brainstem structures. Results provide preliminary support for the differentiation of whiplash patients into separate groups based on presence and level of cervical injury as proposed by Radanov et al. (1992). -- The NOEP group performed better overall than any of the other groups on attentional measures and speed of information processing. This supports the belief that their injuries are less severe. -- A predictable pattern emerged whereby as perceived pain intensity and interference due to physical discomfort increased, ability to control pain and activity levels decreased, and patients were more susceptible to depression. This pattern was most apparent in the CES group and tended in the same direction in the NOEP group. In contrast, as perceived control of pain and activity levels increased, pain intensity and interference decreased, with less susceptibility to depression. This was most obvious in the head injured group and tended in the same direction in the LCSS group. Cognitive deficits following whiplash and MTBI were independent of levels of pain and coping responses to physical discomfort; emotional disturbance; and personality traits. That these patterns were not predictive of neuropsychological profiles suggests that they are based on different etiological origins.


identifier: Malone, Craig D. (Craig Daniel) <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Malone=3ACraig_D=2E_=28Craig_Daniel=29=3A=3A.html>   (2010) Mcl-1 is a critical survival factor in neural precursor cells of the adult mammalian brain.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Although the aetiology of many neurodegenerative diseases differ, they all share a common feature in that they result in neural cell death. Neural precursor cells (NPCs) of the adult brain are thought to be capable of regenerating the injured brain by replacing cells that are injured or have died. NPCs of the adult brain are maintained in a balance of proliferation and death; however, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that regulate these processes. As Mcl-1 is a critical survival factor for NPCs in the embryonic brain, I questioned whether Mcl-1 regulates the survival of adult NPCs. To determine whether Mcl-1 is expressed in adult NPCs, I used BrdU to identify different subpopulations of NPCs based on their proliferation kinetics. In doing so, I demonstrated that Mcl-1 is expressed in both the neural stem and neural progenitor populations of the adult subventricular zone (SVZ). To determine the role of Mcl-1 in adult NPCs, I used the Cre/lox conditional knockout system to conditionally knock out Mcl-1 in adult NPCs. To assess Mcl-1 loss-of-function in NPCs in vitro, I first drove Cre recombinase off the chicken P-actin promoter and stained the cultures with Nestin. Secondly, I drove Cre recombinase off the Nestin promoter (NesCre), which resulted in Cre expression specifically in NPCs. In both experiments, Mcl-1 loss-of-function resulted in a 2-fold increase in apoptosis in Cre transfected Mcl-1 f/f NPCs. When Mcl-1 loss-of-function was characterized in vivo, there was a 2-fold increase in apoptosis in Cre transfected Mcl-1 f/f NPCs. Finally, Mcl-1 gain-of-function was assessed, in vitro, which resulted in a 2-fold reduction of apoptosis in Nestin+ NPCs. Collectively, these data demonstrate that Mcl-1 is a prosurvival factor in adult NPCs. Therefore, Mcl-1 gain-of-function may lead to an expansion of the adult NPCs, which could offer a putative therapy for neurodegenerative conditions and ultimately facilitate neural regeneration.


identifier: Gushue, Marc William <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Gushue=3AMarc_William=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Moving the line of scrimmage : masculinity in Richard Ford.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Novelist Richard Ford has created the first important character of the masculinist age of American fiction: Frank Bascombe.  In The Sportswriter and Independence Day Frank is an Everyman who faces the issues commonly confronted by men in contemporary American society: issues such as raising children, divorce, mid-life crisis, relationships with women, relationships with men, and professional life. -- In my thesis I argue that what has been called the "masculine mystique" is the central antagonist in both novels by Ford.  The term is borrowed from the newly-emerged field of men's studies, and refers to codes of conduct that are imprinted on boys by society.  Using theorists from this controversial field such as Brod, Pleck, and Messner, I explore the men's studies stance on gender socialization, and demonstrate the ways in which Ford's novels contribute to that debate. -- Men's studies seeks to bring a subjective perspective to men's lives-a perspective that heretofore has not been central in the criticism of fiction.  I investigate the value of this perspective and demonstrate the ways in which Ford's novels are illustrative of the male condition in postmodern USA.


identifier: Dawe, Jennifer L. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Dawe=3AJennifer_L=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2010) Marine fish, local ecological knowledge, and the species at risk act in Canada: lessons from the case study of three species of wolffish.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In the last decade there has been an increased focus on assessing the at risk status of species on a local, national, and global scale. In Canada legislation to assess and protect species at risk comes in the form of the Species at Risk Act (SARA). Three species of wolffish, the Atlantic (Anarhichas lupus), Spotted (A. minor), and Northern (A. denticulatus), have the distinction of being the only fully marine Atlantic Canadian fish to be listed under the Act. This listing was based on limited scientific and behavioural data from a relatively short time series of offshore scientific trawl survey data. It is worth exploring the wolffish listing process and outcomes of the listing, different types of knowledge available on stock status, and their relationship, if any, to listing and to recovery strategies. This multi-method study uses an analysis of stock assessment data for the Northern Gulf of St. Lawrence, on-board observation, semi-structured interviews with Northern Gulf fish harvesters, and a review of existing documents and key informant interviews to understand how wolffish came to be listed and evaluate the degree to which Local Ecological Knowledge (LEK) can be used to strengthen species assessments and endangered species legislation. -- All data sources showed that wolffish have always been relatively rare in the Northern Gulf of St. Lawrence. Results from LEK interviews and onboard observations detailed harvester knowledge on wolffish life history, abundance, and biogeography. Harvesters reported their observations on the opportunistic nature of wolffish feeding and the seasonal distributional changes of wolffish over the course of their fishing seasons, which corresponded with wolffish reproduction seasons. Though wolffish meet the COSEWIC criteria for Threatened and Special Concern listings, harvesters reported a lack of declining trends in relative catch rates. This was consistent with ECNASAP data for NAFO division 4R. Onboard observations and interviews reported higher annual variability in catch rates than stock assessment averages. Wolffish sizes seen onboard and reported by harvesters indicated adults (>55cm) are predominately being caught in inshore fisheries. Sentinel mobile data shows an A. lupus juvenile:adult ratio of 9.8:1 (n=1940), indicating offshore maturing of juvenile wolffish and a later migration inshore, possibly for reproduction. -- Though the SARA legislation is a pivotal step forward in the protection of species at risk, results from key informant interviews showed that implementation in 2003 resulted in mixed views about the benefits and problems associated with the requirement for consultations and incorporation of stakeholder knowledge into the listing process. There are also concerns that the listing process has become more litigious and more challenging for science. There is some evidence that the wolffish listing process has increased harvester stewardship and engagement and benefitted from their input into safe release of wolffish. Finally, little attention has been paid by any of the stakeholder groups consulted to the potential future delisting of wolffish under SARA, which is arguably the most important goal of species conservation. Without delisting requirements or timelines set up in a species recovery plan it is impossible to establish concrete guidelines for recovery.


identifier: Hickey, Kenneth J. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Hickey=3AKenneth_J=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Ocean surface current estimation using a long-range, single-station, high-frequency ground wave radar.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Estimation of ocean surface currents from a long-range, single-station, narrow-beam, high frequency (HF) ground wave radar (GWR) system is presented. This system, located at Cape Race, Newfoundland, is a frequency modulated interrupted continuous wave radar that operates in the lower HF band between 5 and 8 Mhz. It has a nominal range capability of 200 km over a 120° sector from 61° to 181° (True). Even though its primary purpose is for offshore target surveillance, it can be easily configured for the monitoring of oceanic surface conditions such as currents and waves. -- An experiment was performed during the fall of 1992 to test the current measuring capability of this experimental system. This HF GWR can monitor projections of the surface current field in azimuthal and range increments of approximately 4° and 400 m, respectively. These projections or radial surface current components are extracted from the first-order contributions of the radar Doppler spectra and compared with the estimates derived from the positional tracks of three Accurate Surface Tracker drifters. The comparison demonstrates the ability of the radar to estimate radial currents to within one standard deviation of both current measuring techniques. This has been demonstrated with simulated as well as actual data. -- An algorithm is also presented to estimate the tangential current components assuming the current is uniform about the location of the drifter velocity estimate. This algorithm was tested with simulated radar data and the analysis suggests the error of the tangential component to be within one standard deviation of the radar and drifter error estimates. However, in the comparison using the real radar data these errors were more than 2 standard deviations larger than the errors estimated by the simulations. These deviations have been attributed to a number of factors such as possible beamforming errors or non-stationary currents over the radar beam dwell periods. However, since the simulations strongly demonstrate the potential for mapping the vector current field without the need of a second site, the results from this thesis are very encouraging for further development in this area.


identifier: Balage, Dilhan <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Balage=3ADilhan=3A=3A.html>   (2010) Multi robot fastSLAM.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

title: Multi robot fastSLAM

abstract: Robotic mapping has been an active research area in robotics for last two decades. An accurate map is a mandatory requirement for a robot to work autonomously. In addition the robot requires to know its position with respect to a given map and this is solved through robot localization. The problem of solving both map building and robot localization is addressed by simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM). A large volume of literature is available to solve the SLAM problem using a single robot. A robot will take a series of sensor readings about an unexplored area and then continues to build the map while knowing its position reference to partially built map. However, when an area becomes larger multi-robot SLAM is more efficient and also has the advantage of sharing the computational burden among several robots. Solving SLAM problem using multiple robot is important when there is large terrain to map and perhaps it will beyond the capability of single robot. Even if it is within the capability of single robot, such a deployment will not be cost and time effective. Therefore this research focuses on developing a multi-robot SLAM filter based on Fast SLAM algorithm. -- Single Pioneer 3AT robot was deployed to collect odometry and sensor readings. Grid based fastSLAM algorithm is implemented on MATLAB program code for offline processing and successfully generated the map of the environment. The data set obtained from single robot was divided into two data sets and they were treated as if they were obtained from two different robots. Single robot grid based fastSLAM algorithm was applied to both of the data sets and obtained two maps. Two maps were merged using Hough transform based map merging technique. Maps obtained from single robot SLAM and multi-robot SLAM is compared and multi-robot SLAM algorithm provides maps as same accuracy as single robot SLAM.


identifier: Tulk, Janice Esther <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Tulk=3AJanice_Esther=3A=3A.html>   (2008) "Our strength is ourselves" : identity, status, and cultural revitalization among the Mi'kmaq in Newfoundland.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Mi’kmaq in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador are currently divided interms of status under the Indian Act, a division which has had a significant and lasting impact on the sense of a Mi’kmaw community in the province. Through two case studies, this dissertation investigates differences in the practice of musical culture as a result of the status/non-status divide and questions what the localization strategies of each group can tell us about notions of identity, indigeneity, and community. It examines how Mi’kmaq in Newfoundland acknowledge, create, negotiate, embody, enact, and maintain a sense Mi’kmaw identity and community through the localization of "pan-Indian" powwow culture. -- The first case study focusses on a community of status Mi’kmaq in the province, located in Miawpukek, and encompasses the localization of powwow as curriculum in the band-run Se’t A’newey School, musical expression of the local drum group Sipu’ji’j Drummers, and annual community event. The second case study focusses on non-status Mi’kmaq in the province, specifically the drum group at the St. John's Native Friendship Centre. Musically, these two contexts display several differences, particularly in terms of the repertoire each performs (one "traditional" Mi’kmaq, the other northern powwow) and the singing style that is used. Related extra-musical elements, such as cultural dress, also display distinct approaches to participation in powwow as a representation of identity. However, in both case studies, similarities emerge in the use of recording technology as a didactic tool, the egalitarian structure of the drum, and the subversion (at times) of gender roles asserted as part of the powwow tradition. -- Comparative analysis of the two case studies at the centre of this dissertation demonstrates different strategies for the localization of powwow. Three primary means of localization emerge: 1) incorporating pre-existing Mi’kmaw or local songs (such as I’ko) and dance genres (such as Ko’jua) into the structure of the powwow, sometimes transposing them for different instrumentation (powwow drum) or singing style (northern), and sometimes not; 2) inscribing borrowed powwow traditions with local or Nation-specific meaning through the embellishment of regalia, the use of local singing style or language, and discourse that emphasizes tradition or "the Mi’kmaw way"; and 3) explicitly referencing or implicitly performing local histories. At the same time that powwow may be localized to assert a Nation-specific identity, however, it may also be used to express a more personal identity, or even one broadly constructed as indigenous. -- The diversity and contradiction present in the performance of identity, as well as the ethnic simultaneity experienced by mixed-blood, non-status individuals in this study, would seem to suggest that theoretical lenses that emphasize diversity and connectivity, such as music scenes, would allow one to move past homogeneous notions of community or singular constructions of ethnicity. However, it is shown that the way in which individuals speak about their experiences, indeed the reasons for their engagement in cultural pursuits, is specifically referring to community-building practices. -- This study, grounded in binary structures of status and non-status, rural and urban, focusses on two ways of knowing and two ways of being Mi’kmaq in Newfoundland, a doubleness that finds expression in the Mi’kmaw double-curve motif. These ways of knowing and being are connected and overlap in many ways while coexisting. They nuance the commonly recounted histories of encounter, hidden heritages, and revitalization in the province, and insist that identity be understood as multiple, as simultaneities.


identifier: Miller, Brenda Marie <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Miller=3ABrenda_Marie=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Male choice and sexual selection in precopulatory mate-guarding marine gammarus species (Crustacea: amphipoda) found on the Avalon Peninsula of Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Behavioural aspects of reproduction were studied on five species of mate-guarding Gammarus found on the Avalon Peninsula of Newfoundland. These species are Gammarus setosus, Gammarus oceanicus, Gammarus duebem. Gammarus lawrencianus, and Gammarus obtusatus. Males chose to form precopulas with females that were close to their next batch of eggs to be fertilized. Females sometimes exhibited reproductive choice by trying to escape the male's grasp. No interspecific precopulas were formed between G. setosus and G. oceanicus. Size assortative mating occurred in (G. setosus. The sequences of precopula formation behaviours differed in the successful and unsuccessful precopulas for all five species. Three takeovers by males were observed in (G. oceanicus, all with egg stage 4 females which are females which are closest to their next batch of eggs to be fertilized. The sequences of precopula formation behaviour contacts differed for successful and unsuccessful takeovers, and were also different from the normal behaviour sequences for G. oceanicus. Takeovers were considered to be male-male competition. However, female choice was observed as the females remained passive, which is considered a form of female choice, during both successful and unsuccessful takeovers. Two simultaneous assessments of females occurred with females that were both in the same egg stage (stage.4) in G. oceanicus. The sequences of precopula formation behaviour contacts differed for successful and unsuccessful simultaneous assessments and also differed from the normal behaviour sequences for (G. oceanicus. In the unsuccessful simultaneous assessments, the extra females sometimes resisted the male's grasp and escaped ( female choice) but the original females remained passive. In the successful simultaneous assessments, the original and extra females remained passive. There were successful precopulas formed with both stage 1 females with stage 4 eggs transplanted and with stage 4 females with eggs removed in G. oceanicus. The sequences of precopula formation behaviour contacts were different for successful and unsuccessful precopulas with egg manipulation females, and were different from the normal behaviour sequences for G. oceanicus. Female choice was observed with egg manipulation females as they sometimes kicked and escaped from the males.


identifier: Pidgeon, Michelle <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Pidgeon=3AMichelle=3A=3A.html>   (2001) Looking forward ... : a national perspective on aboriginal student services in Canadian universities.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Aboriginal student services provision in Canadian Universities first began in the early 1970's in the provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan. However, most of the 39 centers now across Canada have only been open since the 1990's under recruitment and retention directives for specific programs. -- This study set out to gather a national perspective on Aboriginal student service centers in Canadian universities by gaining the opinions of student service professionals who provide the services and Aboriginal university students who have used these same services. -- This particular study incorporated both the quantitative and qualitative aspects of Archibald, Selkirk Bowman, Pepper, Urion, Mirenhouse & Shortt (1995) study. The study was conducted in phases: Phase I, involved the pretesting of two separate surveys: one for student service professionals working with Aboriginal support services in Canadian universities and the second survey was for Aboriginal university students who utilize these services. Phase II, entailed identifying those Canadian universities who provide Aboriginal Student Services, and the distribution of the surveys to those who agreed to participate in this study. The survey results were statistically analysed and recommendations were developed from the findings. Phase III, involved comparing the responses of the questions that were similar in both of the survey instruments to gather a sense of how the perspectives of the student service professional and the Aboriginal university students were similar or dissimilar on the topic of Aboriginal student services. -- To foster and honor Aboriginal values of community and respect, this study was designed for the Internet; however, hard copies of the instrument were made available to those who requested it. Out of the 39 centers contacted, 30 agreed to participate in the study. Two separate survey instruments were developed. The return rate for the Aboriginal student service professional survey was 83% (N=25). The return rate for the Aboriginal university student survey was lower, 14% (N=21). A content analysis was also conducted of the participating center's web pages to further add to the perspective. -- There was a discrepancy found between what was reported in the student service professionals' surveys and the Aboriginal student service centers' web pages. However, there were no significant differences found between regions on service delivery. Of those students who participated in this study, over 90% were content with their current level of services. However, significant differences were found between the student service professionals and the Aboriginal university students' perspectives. -- It was found that there is a need for better communication systems between centers and their clientele. Differing consumer-producer viewpoints on service provision can have detrimental effects, both to the providers and users of Aboriginal student services. For example, inconsistent communication can lead to a misunderstanding of the Aboriginal student centers purpose and goal. This can have implications on several levels, such as recruitment-retention, administration-financial, 'town and gown' issues, and more importantly, to the Aboriginal student community. -- Less than 30% of the participating centers use student service theory in the development of their programs. Eighty-six percent of this group made reference to using a 'holistic indigenous-based' approach to their  service delivery. Therefore, the major recommendation of the study is the development of a national model for the provision of Aboriginal student services in Canadian universities.


identifier: Nyade, Praise Kwasi <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Nyade=3APraise_Kwasi=3A=3A.html>   (2008) Method development for the determination of trace elements in biological samples as bioindicators : application to black spruce trees.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Most analytical methods, including ICP-MS, require sample decomposition for elemental analysis of plant materials. Dry ashing was investigated in this study. Factors studied included ashing temperature, duration of ashing, rate of temperature rise, and type and nature of ashing vessel on the digestion of plant matrices. The reagents used in the subsequent leaching were also investigated. Samples were ashed at 450°C for 8 hours following a temperature ramp of 18°C/hr, followed by dissolution with HNO₃/HF + H₂O₂. Recovery of silicate elements (Al, Co, Cr, Ni, V, and U) was satisfactory. The procedure was validated with reference materials including pine needles, peach leaves, and black spruce. The result also agreed with that obtained using the wet digestion protocol used by ICP-MS group at MUN. Losses mainly through volatilization were observed for Hg, Se, Br, Bi, I, and As. The dry ashing procedure was applied to a biomonitoring study using black spruce samples from a study area in Holyrood, Newfoundland. The results suggest that the elemental sources include rock weathering, sea spray, atmospheric deposition, the thermal electric plant, vehicular exhaust, and municipal waste leachate.


identifier: Lundrigan, Gary <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Lundrigan=3AGary=3A=3A.html>   (2009) Occupational memories: selected narratives of seven retired Newfoundland men.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis is about the vernacular use of occupational narratives by selected older Newfoundland men to define masculinity and culture within their specific trades and perhaps by extension within the general population of older men who live on the island portion of Newfoundland. It begins with an introduction to selected academic and popular ideas about masculinity, how it is created, developed, maintained, and defined specifically by older male Newfoundlanders who have decided to continue to live in Newfoundland. To create a context for the research I have included a survey of Newfoundland occupational and cultural masculinity as seen in selected books. The men that I interviewed are introduced with some family background and work history followed by a discussion of my informants' performance of masculinity during the interviews, applying a performance-centred theoretical analysis and placing the findings on an "Identity Ordeal Cycle." Culturally-specific occupational-language was important to my research so a discussion is included of the term "good man" as used in Newfoundland by older Newfoundland men, specifically my informants within their occupationally past, as it pertains to masculinity and dependability within the older sea-based male-dominated trades of Newfoundland.


identifier: Westelmajer, Sarah Kate Matheson <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Westelmajer=3ASarah_Kate_Matheson=3A=3A.html>   (2008) Ontogeny of the corticosteroid stress response and effect of differentially enriched live feed on growth, lipid composition and acute stress tolerance of larval Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The ontogeny of the corticosteroid stress response was examined in hatchery-reared Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Pooled whole-body samples of larvae at rest and following a 30 second (s) air exposure were taken at multiple intervals throughout development from 2 days pre-hatch up to metamorphosis at 59 days post-hatch (dph). Extracted samples were analysed using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunoassay kit, which was subsequently validated for use with whole-body samples. A significant increase in whole-body immunoreative corticosteroid (IRC) concentration in response to the air-exposure stress was observed in larvae at hatch (0 dph), which likely indicates the functioning of the hypothalamus-pituitary-interrenal axis (HPI) and thus the endogenous production of Cortisol by the larvae at this time. Two stress hyporesponsive periods (SHRP) were detected, between 0-30 dph and at 50 dph, and likely correspond with two critical periods of neurological and immunological development, during which the production and release of Cortisol is restricted. Potentially stressful aquaculture procedures should be avoided during these SHRPs. -- The effect of differentially enriched live-food organisms, rotifers (Brachionus plicatilis), and brine shrimp (Artemia sp.), on the lipid content, growth and stress tolerance of larval Atlantic cod was also examined. The lipid and fatty acid content of larval tissue was directly related to the lipid and fatty acid content of enriched live feed. Larvae fed rotifers and Artemia enriched with elevated proportions of the highly unsaturated fatty acids, DHA (docosahexaenoic acid; 22:6ω3), AA (arachidonic acid; 20:4ω6), and ω6DPA (docosapentaenoic acid; 22:5ω6) showed best overall growth and survival following an acute 15 s air-exposure and transfer stress. Differences in post-stress survival between treatments were most likely attributable to variations in larval EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid; 20:5ω3)/AA and DHA/DPA content. Corticosteroid levels remained elevated in larvae with maximal post-stress survivorship, and may indicate the requirement of larval cod for a prolonged rise in Cortisol following a stress event. Suggested DHA/EPA/AA ratios for rotifer and Artemia enrichments that yielded best growth and stress tolerance in Atlantic cod larvae were 7/2/1 and 5/2/1 respectively.


identifier: Liu, Xiang <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Liu=3AXiang=3A=3A.html>   (2009) Modelling evaporation from wetland lichen and moss tundra in Churchill, Manitoba.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Today northern subarctic terrestrial environments are receiving increased attention due to their hydrologic effects not only on subarctic terrain but on the whole global water cycle. Evaporation is a pronounced factor consisting of a portion of the energy and water balances. Predicting evaporation is becoming one of the most important fields of research in hydrological and climatological analysis. This thesis describes the simulation of evaporation from a wetland lichen and moss tundra in Churchill, Manitoba. -- The models used are the Canadian Land Surface Scheme-CLASS and the Penman-Monteith model. In both models, the canopy resistance needs to be corrected to account for non-vascular vegetation, whose evapotranspiration depends only on canopy moisture. The plotted results show that both the modified models perform comparably in the simulation of the evaporation. -- The data for the simulations are from two weather stations in Churchill: Fen and Rail Spur. All the components of the energy balance are modelled at Fen, and the results from CLASS show good fits to the measurements. Longwave radiation is successfully modelled at Rail Spur by associating the degree of cloud cover with weather conditions.


identifier: LeBlanc, Martin <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/LeBlanc=3AMartin=3A=3A.html>   (2010) Monte Carlo simulations of inter- and intra-grain spin structure of Ising and Heisenberg models.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In order to keep supplying computer hard disk drives with more and more storage space, it is essential to have smaller bits. With smaller bits, superparamagnetism, the spontaneous flipping of the magnetic moments in a bit caused by thermal fluctuations, becomes increasingly important and impacts the stability of stored data. Recording media is composed of magnetic grains (usually made of CoCrPt alloys) roughly 10nm in size from which bits are composed. Most modeling efforts that study magnetic recording media treat the grains as weakly interacting uniformly magnetized objects. In this work, the spin structure internal to a grain is examined along with the impact of varying the relative strengths of intra-grain and inter-grain exchange interactions. The interplay between these two effects needs to be examined for a greater understanding of spuerparamagnetism as well as for the applications of the proposed Heat Assisted Magnetic Recording (HAMR) technology where thermal fluctuations facilitate head-field induced bit reversal in high anisotropy media. -- Simulations using the Monte Carlo method (with cluster-flipping algorithms) are performed on a 2D single-layer and multilayer Ising model with a strong intra-grain exchange interaction J as well as a weak inter-grain exchange J’. A strong deviation from traditional behavior is found when J’/J is significant. M-H hysteresis loops are also calculated and the coercivity, Hc, is estimated. A large value represents a strong resilience to the superparamagnetic effect. It is found that taking into account the internal degrees of freedom has a significant effect on Hc. As the Ising model serves only as an approximation, preliminary simulations are also reported on a mre realistic Heisenberg model with u;niaxial anisotropy.


identifier: Isler, Fatma Istar <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Isler=3AFatma_Istar=3A=3A.html>   (2003) Miocene to recent stratigraphy, structural architecture and tectonic evolution of the Antalya basin, eastern Mediterranean sea.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The Miocene-Recent structural and sedimentary evolution of the Antalya Basin south of Turkey in the eastern Mediterranean Sea is delineated using detailed interpretation of -900 km of high-resolution multi-channel seismic reflection profiles. Three seismic stratigraphie units are identified. Unit 1 is Pliocene-Quaternary in age and is characterized by a strongly reflective acoustic package which shows considerable lateral continuity. -- Unit 2 consists of an acoustically transparent package with few coherent reflectors: it represents the Messinian evaporite succession.  Unit 3 is early-late Miocene but pre-Messinian in age and is defined by an acoustically reverberatory package which shows moderate lateral continuity. -- Detailed interpretation and mapping of the seismic reflection profiles showed that the structural architecture of the Antalya Basin is characterized by 4-5 northwest-southeast trending anticline-syncline pairs. The anticlines are invariably cored by north-dipping, south-verging thrusts, thus representing ramp anticlines with the synclines between thrust culminations representing piggy-back basins. Temporal and spatial relationship of these large-scale structures and the stratigraphy and growth strata architecture of Units 1-3 successions clearly document a two-phase history for the Miocene to Recent kinematic evolution of the Antalya Basin. The first phase of deformation occurred in the Miocene and affected the entire Antalya Basin.  It involves the northwest-trending, southwest-directed fold-thrust structures in Unit 3. A fundamental change in the kinematic regime occurred during the transition from the late Miocene to early Pliocene, when the strain was strongly partitioned both temporally and geographically. The second phase of deformation occurred in the early-Pliocene to Recent.  Structures associated with this phase of deformation consist of (1) northwest-trending listric extensional faults involving the Pliocene-Quaternary succession as well as the similarly trending transtensional faults involving the Miocene to Pliocene-Quaternary successions, which occupy the northern portion of the study area extending from the present-day shoreline to the innermost portion of the deep Antalya Basin, (2) re-activated Miocene thrusts involving the Pliocene-Quaternary successions, which occupy the northern and central segments of the Antalya Basin, and (3) northwest-trending transpressional structures involving the Miocene to Pliocene-Quaternary successions, which occupy the southern segment of the deep Antalya Basin. The northern extensional/transtensional faults exhibit concurrent activity with the re-activated Miocene thrusts of the imbricate fold-thrust belt. These faults are interpreted to develop in relation to the westward displacement of the Tauride block as the eastern segment of the Aegean-Anatolian Microplate initiated its westward escape in the latest Miocene to early Pliocene, which continued during the Pliocene-Quaternary and still persists today. By contrast, the southern transpressional fault activity is interpreted to be related to the choking of the subduction along the Cyprus Arc as a result of the collision of the Eratosthenes Seamount with Cyprus during the early Pliocene to Recent.


identifier: Forsey, Elizabeth Susan <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Forsey=3AElizabeth_Susan=3A=3A.html>   (1998) Mammalian abundance in riparian and adjacent terrestrial habitats prior to and immediately following forest harvesting in the Copper Lake watershed, Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The Copper Lake Buffer Zone Study was initiated in 1994 to evaluate the effects of forest harvesting practices on mammalian, avian and piscine assemblages in a small watershed. This portion of the Copper Lake study evaluates mammalian abundance in riparian habitats both prior to and immediately following forest harvesting. Three headwater streams within the Copper Lake watershed received different harvesting treatments; i.e., harvested with no riparian buffer, harvested with a 20 m riparian buffer and not harvested (essentially a buffer of at least 100 m). The riparian habitats and adjacent interior forests on both sides of each stream were evaluated for mammal usage prior to and after harvesting. -- Summer trapping studies of small mammals, i.e., masked shrews (Sorex cinereus), meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) and deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus), prior to harvesting indicated that these species were initially low in abundance. Shrew abundances showed a large increase in the summer of 199S in both harvested and unharvested study sites. Post-harvesting data from the summers of 1995 and 1996 indicated no noticeable, immediate effect of harvesting on S. cinereus when the clear-cut sites were compared to uncut sites. Within the 20 m buffers, however, shrew abundances were significantly higher than in the adjacent clear-cuts. M. pennsylvanicus and P. maniculatus showed slight increases in harvested areas. The cyclical nature of such small mammal species may account, in part, for these increases, particularly since abundances were so low in 1994. -- Winter track data for other mammalian species,  i.e., pine marten (Martes americana), weasel (Mustela erminea), red fox (Vulpes vulpes), snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus) and red squirrel  (Tamiasciurus hudsordcus), indicated that prior to harvesting, winter activity was generally higher in the forest than at the stream edges. After harvesting occurred, I found that more activity occurred in residual patches of forest, including riparian buffers, than in the clear-cuts. Marten, hare and squirrel tracks were significantly more abundant on forested transects. No marten tracks were observed on the clear-cuts without a buffer, while track abundances increased on the uncut sites. The results of this study raise the question of whether a 20 m buffer is adequate to support increased competition for space and prey due to species packing, especially considering the low diversity and densities of small mammals in insular Newfoundland. This can also be compounded with the potential loss of buffer habitat over time due to tree blowdown.


identifier: Hanlan, Suzanne K. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Hanlan=3ASuzanne_K=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1998) Nosing behaviour in captive harbour seals (Phoca vitulina concolor) : implications for olfaction and affiliation.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Nosing behaviour has been shown to be an important component of social behaviour in a variety mammals. Some forms of social nosing are thought to serve as affiliative behaviours which promote group cohesion or tolerance; the olfactory and tactual senses may play a role in mediating these affiliative behaviours. In pinnipeds, nosing is thought to aid mothers in identifying their offspring, but little is known about nosing behaviours in contexts unrelated to mother-pup interaction. The objective of the present study was to examine the role of nosing in the social behaviour of captive harbour seals (Phoca vitulina concolor). Rates and types of nosing behaviour were expected to differ between individuals and between the breeding and non-breeding seasons. -- In this study, general activity and nosing behaviour of six captive harbour seals were observed over 43 weeks. A significant triple interaction between type of nosing (solo and dyadic), seal, and season (breeding and non-breeding) was found [F(5, 48)=6.35, p<.05]; some seals showed strong seasonal differences in solo and dyadic nosing rates while others did not. Dyadic nosing rates increased in the breeding season, while solo rates declined. Distinct individual differences were evident for most types of nosing, and seasonal patterns among males emerged for some types; for example, nose-to-nose and nose-to-body acts were more frequent during the breeding season, while nose-to-object acts were less frequent during this season. Solo and dyadic nosing acts were found to occur frequently and most often involved both open nares and protracted vibrissae, which may be indicative of olfactory and tactual involvement. A large proportion of nosing interactions, particularly nose-to-nose acts appeared to be mutually initiated and distinct partner preferences were evident, suggesting that some forms of nosing behaviour in harbour seals are affiliative. Quantification of affiliative behaviours, in conjunction with other measures, may help investigators address uncertainties regarding the social organization of wild seals. Further investigation is required to determine the exact role played by the olfactory and tactual senses in nosing behaviour.


identifier: Jones, Pamela <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Jones=3APamela=3A=3A.html>   (1998) Offshore oil development and community impacts : changes in attitudes and perceptions in communities affected by onshore activities.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: For decades, social scientists have tried to understand the social and economic impacts of large-scale development on rural communities. Much of the uncertainty has recently been attributed to the limited time frame observed in most empirical analyses. More recently, researchers studying the impact of large-scale development have taken the issue further through more specific consideration of the extent and duration of impacts in both time and space. This research examines the changing temporal and spatial impacts of onshore construction activities related to the Hibernia Development Project, at Trinity Bay, Newfoundland to test the concepts put forward by recent social impact researchers. In doing so, the research demonstrates some of the limitations of the current environmental assessment process in Canada and the importance of addressing those limitations for the continued improvement of impact management in relation to large-scale projects. The study uses the results of an existing pre-development survey of attitudes and perceptions as the baseline for two subsequent research phases undertaken at later stages in the construction project. Results generated from the subsequent surveys allows the analysis of changes in attitudes and perceptions overtime, as well as the analysis of spatial variation in attitudes and perceptions among communities within the immediate impact area. The study shows that impacts can change over time and space, and that both community and project characteristics are important in determining the types of impacts that occur and how communities are likely to respond to those impacts.


identifier: Doyle, Bernadette M. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Doyle=3ABernadette_M=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Parents' knowledge, attitudes and involvement in the comprehensive school health curriculum for grades 7, 8, and 9.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The primary purpose of this study was to explore the knowledge, attitudes, and involvement of parents in the Comprehensive School Health Program and Curriculum, for grades 7, 8, and 9 within two schools in the Avalon East school district. New curricula was developed in this province and implemented based on the Comprehensive School Health (CSH) model. The CSH model emphasizes the role of parents as an integral component of health outcomes for children. This study focused specifically on parents' awareness of the "Adolescence: Healthy Lifestyles" curriculum, and health program overall. Parents' attitudes about the importance of topics taught in the health curriculum, and their involvement in aspects of the curriculum and program were also studied. Forty-nine parents responded to a written questionnaire and ten participated in indepth interviews. Results illustrated that 80 percent of parents were aware of the school health program, however further probing demonstrated that most parents' awareness was limited to a general awareness of the health course content. Parents demonstrated limited knowledge of the topics covered in the health course titled "Adolescence: Healthy Lifestyles" (20-50 percent were familiar). Sixty percent of parents could not recall any topics in particular, from the health course. Parents did indicate the importance of each topic covered in the curriculum (70 percent or more of parents identified all health topics as important for their child to learn about). Ninety percent of parents believed that the health course was important for their child, and 80 percent felt the health course was just as important as the other courses. Parents demonstrated not only limited and varied involvement with the school, but also an appreciation and understanding of the importance of this involvement. The indepth interviews enabled the researcher to discuss the parents' perspective of the differing roles the school and parents should play related to the health program. Future research might involve studying the entire school health program, seeking input from other partners such as teachers, guidance counselors, nurses, and students. Case studies or "best practices" could be identified that highlight unique ways schools address health. Further study locally should also address the extent and variability of implementation of the Comprehensive School Health Program at the school level.


identifier: Rideout, Roxanne Sharon <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Rideout=3ARoxanne_Sharon=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Partnerships in education : secondary/post-secondary collaboration.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis has no abstract.


identifier: Abbassi, Rouzbeh <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Abbassi=3ARouzbeh=3A=3A.html>   (2010) Mining treatment effluent pond modeling: a risk-based approach.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) discharged to the surrounding environment may cause serious environmental problems. Sulphidic mine wastes are oxidized resulting in the consequent release of AMD. Different metals such as cadmium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, nickel, zinc, etc. are released to the environment when sulfides of these metals are exposed to the air. AMD affects the surface water as well as groundwater nearby and limits the reuse of the mine water for processing purposes. Because of differences in mine sites and ambient conditions, the prediction of AMD water composition is very complicated and remains a great concern for scientists. The determination of the minerals involved in producing AMD, as well as the oxidation reactions and chemical components produced in these reactions, are essential prior to choosing the appropriate treatment technology. The oxidation reactions of the minerals and chemical components produced by these reactions are discussed in this thesis. A methodology for predicting the minerals involved in the production of AMD is presented and may be used in conjunction with analytical techniques to reduce the cost of using sophisticated techniques. -- The determination of the possible chemical components included in AMD may aid in finding a suitable treatment system for treating mine water. Waste Stabilization Pond (WSP) technology is one of the natural treatment methods that use chemical and biological processes for AMD treatment. The design of the WSP is based on many assumptions, one of which is that the pond is well mixed. That is, there are no concentration gradients within the pond or the pond is modeled as a Continuously Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR). However, in reality due to the heterogeneity of the constituents of the wastewater and influence of controlling parameters (i.e., temperature & concentration), these assumptions are over simplified. The concentration, wind shear, and temperature stratification within the pond significantly impact the flow pattern within the system. Instead of using ideal reactor models, dispersed flow model covers the non-idealities within the pond. This model is highly related to the hydraulic conditions of the pond. This non-ideal model is rarely used for determining the concentration gradient within the pond, because the main parameters of the model (i.e. actual retention time and dispersion coefficient) are not easy to obtain. Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) codes are one of the options presented for defining these two parameters. A methodology discussed in this thesis is using CFD as a suitable option for determining the main parameters of the dispersed flow model. A dispersion model is tested and validated for modeling the concentration gradient within the pond, and CFD is used for determining the dispersion coefficient and actual retention time via case studies in this thesis. -- Following the determination of the chemical concentrations in the effluent, assessment of the effect of these concentrations on human health and the ecosystem is required. Environmental risk assessment is a systematic process for describing and quantifying the hazardous effect of chemical contaminants to human health and ecosystems. The USEPA framework is used for identifying and quantifying the risk of chemical contaminants to ecological entities. The four steps of the USEPA framework are hazard identification, exposure assessment, dose-response modeling, and risk characterization. The estimated risk of the effluent of treatment systems may be used to assess the performance of the treatment process. Furthermore, the risk value is associated with different uncertainties and therefore uncertainty assessment may not be neglected in any risk assessment process. The ecological risk assessment methodology and quantification of risk associated with effluent contaminants from the tailing pond to the ecosystem is demonstrated in this thesis via a case study.


identifier: Jassim, Esam Ismaeel <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Jassim=3AEsam_Ismaeel=3A=3A.html>   (2008) Locating hydrate deposition in multiphase compressed natural gas flow lines using computational fluid dynamics techniques.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The main aim of this research is to develop a comprehensive flow model capable of predicting the nucleation process, the growth rate, and the deposition potential of hydrate particles. The model is developed for applications in two-phase fluid flow through flow lines with flow restriction geometries using Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) approach. -- The primary objective of the research is to predict the risk hazards involved in the marine transportation of compressed natural gas. However the proposed model can be equally used for other applications including production and transportation of natural gas in any high pressure flow line. -- The influence of the major parameters affecting the hydrate formation rate and deposition are addressed. The background knowledge concerning the development of the proposed model has been reviewed through literature survey. From the existing literature, it was found that the fundamental concepts related to the nucleation phenomena and growth theory are well established and ready to be integrated. A number of comprehensive models have also been successfully developed to predict hydrate formation and accumulation. These models however were not specifically developed to predict the most probable location for hydrate deposition under conditions where natural gas flows through restrictions in pipeline systems. -- The proposed model employs the following three main components to approach the problem: (a) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique is used to configure the flow field; (b) nucleation and growth are incorporated in the simulation to predict the incipient hydrate particles size and growth rate; and finally(c) the novel approach of the migration and deposition of the particle is used to determine how particles deposit and adhere to the flow conduit wall. These components are integrated in the proposed model to locate the hydrate deposition in flow lines. Experimental tests are also established to assess the agreement of the proposed model. Further, the influence of pipe size and flow rate on the distance of deposition is also studied. The results predicted by the model simulation show that the distance of the deposition decreases as the particle size increases. However, after certain size of particle, there is no effect on the distance of deposition. Such size has been called "deposition critical size." This behaviour can be returned to the fact that small particles are influenced by the main fluid velocity but for relatively large particles such effect diminishes as a result of the high particle inertia. -- The experimental tests that performed in the Centre for Marine Compressed natural Gas Inc. are shown to be in good agreement with the model prediction in term of the following criteria: 1) Formation of hydrate particles are observed to be polydisperse since different sizes of particles are formed. This observation is matched with the analytical correlation of the Particle Growth and Distribution proposed in the study; 2) Studying the influence of flow Reynolds number and pipe diameter, the deposition distance is found to be linearly responded to the Reynolds number and pipe size.


identifier: Ikhwan, Nur <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Ikhwan=3ANur=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Numerical simulations of the effect of turbulence intensity and integral length scale on stagnation region heat transfer.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Numerical simulations of stagnation region heat transfer for laminar and turbulent freestreams have been performed using a commercial CFD code CFX-TASCflow. Prior to the stagnation region simulations, some classical flow problems were solved to validate the CFD code and evaluate the different turbulence models. Simulations were performed for flow in a square driven cavity, laminar and turbulent boundary layers on a flat plate and flow over a backward facing step. The simulation results are in good agreement with previous simulation results, experiment and theory. The simulations of stagnation region heat transfer with a laminar freestream are performed at Reynolds numbers ranging from 6.5x10³ to 6.5x10⁵. The laminar freestream simulations were performed to obtain an appropriate grid structure and simulation parameters. The laminar simulation results are in good agreement with results of Rigby and VanFossen. The simulations for a turbulent freestream are performed at Reynolds numbers of 1.3x10⁴, 5x10⁴ and 1x10⁵, turbulence intensities of 1%, 3% and 5% and the ratio of integral length scales to leading edge diameter (ʎ/D) of 0.4282, 0.5709 and 0.7136. The k-ε turbulence model proposed by Kato-Launder is used for the simulation. The heat transfer results from the simulations are compared with the empirical solution of VanFossen, et al. The heat transfer increases with Reynolds number and turbulence intensity, and decreases with integral length scale.


identifier: Parsons, Carolyn K. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Parsons=3ACarolyn_K=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2010) Managing the cabbage maggot, Delia radicum (L.), by means of agroecosystem diversification.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The cabbage maggot, Delia radicum (L.) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) is the most serious pest of brassica crops in the temperate world. Increasing plant diversity in an agricultural system can reduce cabbage maggot oviposition due to a disruption in the host plant finding behaviour. Diversification can be accomplished several ways including intercropping and undersowing. Competition between component crops in the field has been an impediment to the adoption of diversification as a management tool for cabbage maggot. The current research investigated the disruptive potential of several plant species and the effect of two different types of habitat diversification on reducing cabbage maggot oviposition while minimizing competition. Effects on the sympatric species, Delia platura and D. florilega also were examined and species compositions compared to available data from the 1950s. -- Results of cage studies testing different plant species for their disruptive effects were variable, depending on year. Five non-host plant species were tested (beet, spinach, lettuce (two varieties), carrot and parsley); cabbage maggot oviposition was reduced by lettuce. The percentage of vertical profile of cauliflower covered by the non-host plant significantly influenced the numbers of eggs laid. -- Although undersowing cauliflower with winter wheat reduced cabbage maggot egg numbers in one of the two years, competition was intense and cauliflower yields were compromised. -- Relay cropping reduces the time that crops overlap in the field competing for resources. There were fewer D. radicum eggs collected from cauliflower relay cropped with lettuce than monoculture and competition was minimal. Delia platura ID. Florilega responded similarly to D. radicum in 2003, but in 2004 the opposite was true. This is the first study to demonstrate that relay cropping can reduce egg-laying by D. radicum while minimizing competition between component crops for key resources. -- Comparison of oviposition data from the 1950s to data from the diversification studies indicate that D. platura ID. florilega eggs were more prevalent than D. radicum in 2003-04 than fifty years earlier. In 2003-04 species proportions varied between year (2003 vs. 2004) and diversification study (undersowing vs. relay cropping).


identifier: Yoshimura, Ayako <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Yoshimura=3AAyako=3A=3A.html>   (2009) Oriental shop: an ethnography of material communication inside an Asian grocery store in Madison, Wisconsin.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis examines the creation, maintenance, and functions of social networks at an Asian grocery store located in Madison, Wisconsin, through an analysis of foodways and decor. The Oriental Shop is a family-run store that carries Japanese and other Asian foods, which has served the population of Madison and its vicinity for nearly thirty years. Like many small businesses, the store owes its success to the support of faithful customers with whom the owners establish personal relationships. -- By describing the uses and functions of foods and store decorations among the owners and regular customers, I explain how these two aspects of material culture enable nonverbal communication among those who frequent the store. The objective is to research how personal relationships at the store-on the part of the owners as well as that of their customers-is cultivated by such material means.


identifier: Fisher, John <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Fisher=3AJohn=3A=3A.html>   (1998) Paper folio one: educational reform and societal change in Newfoundland and Labrador : paper folio two: stressors in the lives of students within the context of social and economic changes and educational reform : paper folio three: the changing role of school psychologists within the context of change and educational reform.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This folio, which places educational reform within the social, economic, and political contexts of Newfoundland and Labrador, consists of three papers. Each paper is independent, but together the three papers form a continuum revolving around the premise that the societal, economic, and educational changes that have occurred, and are continuing to take place in Newfoundland and Labrador, have implications for the delivery of counselling and psychological services in this province's schools. -- Paper One establishes that Newfoundland and Labrador is in the midst of social and economic changes which precipitated educational reform. Paper Two, making reference to Herdman Collegiate, discusses the impact that societal change has on the lives of high school students. Paper Three discusses the delivery of counselling and psychological services within a climate of societal change and fiscal restraint.


identifier: Durdle, Reginald <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Durdle=3AReginald=3A=3A.html>   (2008) Middle school students and bullying behavior.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of the study was to determine if the likelihood of middle school students engaging in physical or verbal bullying behaviors (specifically, breaking other people's things, trying to hurt or bother people, teasing other students, fighting with other students, and talking back to teachers) can be predicted by examining personal and school related factors, such as belief in pro-social norms, level of social integration, commitment to school, attachment to school, peer drug modeling, attitudes against substance use, self esteem, positive peer modeling, age, grade and gender. -- The data for this study was archival, having been originally collected by the researcher in 2004 to assess the impact of the Drug Abuse Resistance Education (D.A.R.E.) program in a rural Newfoundland and Labrador school. Logistic Regression Analysis was used to analyze the responses of 107 students in grades six to eight on the You and Your School questionnaire. -- The current study indicates that both physical and verbal bullying is influenced by gender and age. Self-esteem was also revealed as an important factor as were level of social integration, positive peer support and commitment to school. Implications for these findings are discussed in the context of creating a positive school environment. Limitations and recommendations are also discussed.


identifier: Kenward, Martin <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Kenward=3AMartin=3A=3A.html>   (2001) Monte Carlo simulations of amphiphiles : a systematic study.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The study of amphiphilic molecules and their behaviour in solution is encompassed in a broad array of disciplines. The utility and prevalence of these molecules in our everyday lives and in a wide array of practical applications have stimulated a great deal of effort to understand their properties. Moreover the interesting behaviour of amphiphilic molecules in solution has received much attention. One specific example is the formation of macro-molecular aggregates composed of many amphiphilic molecules and often referred to as micelles. -- In this thesis we examine systems of self-assembling amphiphilic molecules using Monte Carlo simulations. Aggregates of amphiphilic molecules in solution are not mono-disperse; there is a broad distribution of aggregate sizes. This distribution has characteristic properties and contains information about the free energy of the system and other properties. Qualitative comparisons are made between a predicted form of the aggregate size distribution, a model for the free energy of aggregates and the results from the simulations. Direct comparisons between the Monte Carlo results and results from experiment are not carried out. -- We carry out a systematic examination of the aggregation of amphiphiles. This examination is based on a variation of the molecular weight, the temperature (or so-called reduced interaction parameters) and various other parameters. An examination of the aggregate composition, morphology and the critical micelle concentration is also carried out.


identifier: Pyne, Donna G. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Pyne=3ADonna_G=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1998) Nurses' perceptions of the impact of health care reform and job satisfaction.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: A descriptive correlational study was designed to investigate nurses' job satisfaction. The relationships among demographics, work-related variables, impact of health care reform, and job satisfaction were also examined. The Conceptual Model of Job Satisfaction, a modified version of the Mueller and Price (1990) integrated causal model, provided the framework for this study. -- The sample was comprised of 298 staff nurses employed in critical care, medical, and surgical areas of three acute care hospitals. The majority of subjects had diploma level education (81.1%) and were between 30 to 39 years of age (54.7%). A significant number were employed on a full-time permanent basis (72.4%), worked in surgical areas (42.8%), had 9 years or less of nursing experience (47.8%), and were in current positions for 5 to 9 years (43.1 %). Data were collected over a five week period. Instruments included the Impact of Health Care Reform Scale, the McCloskey/Mueller Satisfaction Scale, and the Descriptive Profile. -- Study findings indicated that nurses were slightly dissatisfied with their jobs, and were more negative than positive about the impact of health care reforms. Respondents were most satisfied with coworkers and interaction opportunities, and least satisfied with control/responsibility and extrinsic rewards. Respondents were most positive about professional issues, and most negative about quality of care concerns and workplace conditions. Workplace conditions, safety concerns, quality of care concerns, professional issues, and health care reforms depicted moderate to strong correlations with job satisfaction. Age, area of employment, nursing experience, and current position tenure were also found to affect levels of job satisfaction. During regression analysis four determinants (i.e., workplace conditions, safety concerns, quality of care concerns, and professional issues) and three correlates (i.e., age, area of employment, and current position tenure) combined to explain 48.8% of the variance in job satisfaction. -- The results of this study suggest that health care reforms are having a negative impact on job satisfaction. Although these results support some of the findings from previous research, there is certainly a need to conduct further research to examine the effects of other work environment factors on job satisfaction.


identifier: MacDonald, Erin E. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/MacDonald=3AErin_E=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2008) NPY, CART and CCK identification in winter flounder (pleuronectes americanus) and winter skate (raja ocellata): molecular cloning, tissue distribution and response to season and fasting.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In fish, as in all vertebrates, feeding is regulated by complex interactions between brain and peripheral hormonal signals. Brain signals include neuropeptide Y (NPY) and cocaine-amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART), which induces and decreases food intake, respectively. Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a peripheral hormone produced by the intestine that inhibits appetite. The winter flounder, Pleuronectes americanus (Teleostei) and the winter skate, Raja ocellata (Elasmobranchii) are two bottom-dwelling marine fish species inhabiting the coasts of Newfoundland. Both species undergo seasonal cycles in feeding and growth. Nothing is known about the structure or function of NPY, CART and CCK in these species or about the role that these peptides might have in mediating seasonal feeding patterns. In order to characterize NPY, CART and CCK in winter flounder and winter skate, I have identified cDNAs encoding these hormones in both species using RT-PCR and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). Tissue distribution studies using RT-PCR show that all three peptides are expressed in brain and peripheral tissues, including gut. Gene expression quantification using real-time RT-PCR indicates that these peptides might be involved in nutritional and seasonal feeding adaptations in these two species.


identifier: Mattless, Paul <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Mattless=3APaul=3A=3A.html>   (2008) Memory organization of objects by shape similarity : clustering and interresponse time effects in free emission and free recall.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: According to some perceptual theories of long-term memory and knowledge, object representations are organized according to shape similarity and other perceptual schemes. A prediction derived from the perceptual theories is that participants' free emission and free recall retrieval sequences should show clustering of object nouns by shape category, with shorter interresponse times for shape cluster (e.g., snake, rope) as compared to shape switch (snake, globe) transitions. However, some amodal theories state that such effects should not occur. The free emission and free recall results supported the perceptual theories, with significant shape clustering, a shape cluster speed advantage in interresponse times, and strategies and mnemonics (reported post-task) that included perceptual similarities and relations. A neural explanation, based in part on Hebb's (1949) ideas and on recent neuroscientific evidence, is proposed to account for the results.


identifier: Smith, Erica L. (Erica Leann) <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Smith=3AErica_L=2E_=28Erica_Leann=29=3A=3A.html>   (2009) Newfoundland macroinvertebrate riffle communities and their potential for use in bioassessment.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Macroinvertebrate communities were sampled from 65 Newfoundland riffles from three geographic regions (the Avalon Peninsula, Terra Nova, and Gros Morne) in three seasons (summer, fall, spring). A suite of physical, chemical and land use variables were also measured. Differences in community composition across regions were found as well as large differences among seasons between sites sampled. Macroinvertebrate richness and abundance data were cross-examined with associated environmental variables to detect which ones were most related to macroinvertebrate community differences. UTM Easting, % macrophytes, % igneous rock, % local forest, nitrates, total Nitrogen and alkalinity were all highly correlated with trends in the macroinvertebrate community data. Urban communities differed from rural and pristine communities, the latter two community types being virtually indistinguishable. Temporal effects were examined to tease apart seasonal versus non-seasonal factors affecting the invertebrate-environment relationship. Changes in the frequency of occurrence of a few key taxa between years strongly impacted regional differences.


identifier: Puestow, Thomas <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Puestow=3AThomas=3A=3A.html>   (1998) Mapping of salmon habitat parameters using digital airborne imagery.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study focuses on the application of airborne remote sensing and image classification to the mapping of bottom substrate, channel pattern and land cover as important freshwater habitat parameters for Atlantic salmon. A Compact Airborne Spectrometric Imager (CASI) was used to collect multispectral image data with approximately 20 nm wide bands centred at wavelengths of 510, 590, 660 and 730 nm. Image preprocessing included a first order atmospheric correction for path radiance and geometric registration to the UTM reference system. Numerical transforms on the imagery included principal component transformations on original and logarithmized spectral bands, as well as the derivation of a normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Ancillary information consisted of valley gradient and stream width. Valley gradient was derived from elevation data contained in a 1:50.000 digital map sheet. Stream width was extracted from the image data. The river course was divided in sections of approximately equal length (30 m), and the average width of each segment was calculated from its length and area. The importance of individual predictor variables for the extraction of the habitat parameters was established using the mean response for each predictor variable, standardized distance matrices and plots of group variability. Separate image classifications were carried out for substrate type, channel pattern and land cover using a hierarchical decision tree algorithm. The end nodes of the final classification trees were implemented as classification rules in a FORTRAN program. Classification accuracy was assessed using an independently collected test sample. The observed overall classification accuracies were 66.87 %, 38.11 % and 84.91 % for substrate type, channel pattern and land cover, respectively. Overall accuracy was significantly improved for the habitat parameters substrate type and channel pattern by combining categories of these variables according to their significance in designating suitable spawning habitat. The revised overall accuracy values for these habitat parameters were 73.76 % and 64.47 %, respectively. Finally, substrate type and channel pattern were combined to create composite maps of spawning habitat suitability. The resulting stratification of salmon spawning habitats corresponds well with the findings of earlier investigations. Therefore, the value of the methodology developed in this study for the management and protection of freshwater salmon habitat was successfully demonstrated.


identifier: Shamim, Md. Ahsan <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Shamim=3AMd=2E_Ahsan=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Object based video coding.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

title: Object based video coding

abstract: In this thesis, I propose a method to segment moving objects in image sequences, so that each can be represented by its boundary and a compact motion description. I also propose a new binary tree coding technique to code motion boundaries in an efficient way. Assuming that a scene consists of a small number of moving objects, each pair of frames is processed as follows: First a small number of "movement classes" is recursively identified, each represented by two or more motion parameters. Second a spatially segmented version of the reference frame (i.e. the later of the two frames) is used to classify segments into movement classes. Third segments using various similarity heuristics are merged together. Finally the motion boundaries and vectors are efficiently coded. Experimental results of some standard test sequences have shown that the proposed algorithm results in good quality motion segmentation with a small number of motion vectors. The coding of motion boundaries uses a modified binary tree coding algorithm, which shows better performance than conventional quadtree, binary tree and READ coding algorithms applied on practical motion boundary images.


identifier: Dominguez, Laura <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Dominguez=3ALaura=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Reproductive success and environmental contaminants among bald eagles in Placentia and Bonavista Bays, Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The bald eagle (Haliaeetas leacocephalus) population in Newfoundland is one of the largest in North America. The main breeding concentration is in Placentia Bay, the most industrialized bay in Newfoundland. This study investigated for the first time the reproductive and toxicological status of two major bald eagle breeding concentrations in Newfoundland. The main objectives of the study were: 1) to compare the reproductive performance and contaminant loads of bald eagles in a relatively industrialized area (i.e. Placentia Bay) and in a non-industrialized area (i.e. Bonavista Bay); 2) to compare the reproductive and toxicological status of bald eagles in Newfoundland with other bald eagle populations in North America. This study also provided baseline reproductive and toxicological data on the bald eagle population in Placentia Bay, before further large-scale industrial development (e.g. trans-shipment and storage oil facilities and proposed nickel smelter). -- Reproductive surveys and sampling of bald eagle nestlings for toxicological analyses were conducted in Placentia Bay in 1996 and 1997 and in Bonavista Bay in 1997. Both populations had high breeding densities (0.1 and 0.06 occupied nests/km of shoreline in Placentia and Bonavista Bays, respectively) and a stable reproductive performance (82 % nest occupancy, 71 % nest success and 1.1 chicks/occupied nest in Placentia Bay and 92 % nest occupancy, 83 % nest success and 0.9 chicks/occupied nest in Bonavista Bay). There were no significant differences in nest occupancy, nest success or chick production between bays. -- Organochlorine and metal concentrations in nestling blood and in addled eggs were relatively low in both Placentia and Bonavista Bays. Mean concentrations of PCBs and DDE in nestling plasma were significantly higher in Placentia Bay (PCB geometric mean (Gm) = 0.03 ppm (wet wt.) and DDE Gm = 0.009 ppm) than in Bonavista Bay (PCB Gm = 0.01 ppm and DDE Gm = 0.002 ppm, respectively). Mean concentrations of mercury in nestling blood were not significantly different between Placentia and Bonavista Bays (Gm = 0.08 ppm and Gm = 0.07 ppm, respectively). The US naval base in Argentia, located on the east side of Placentia Bay, has been identified as a potential local source of PCB contamination. Nests that were located nearer Argentia (NEAR nests) also had higher mean concentrations of PCBs and DDE than nests located more distantly (DISTANT nests), while metal concentrations were similar between both groups. Analyses of prey remains collected at nest sites showed no significant difference in the frequency of occurrence of bird and fish specimens between Placentia and Bonavista Bays, or between NEAR and DISTANT nests in Placentia Bay. Analyses of stable nitrogen isotopes in nestling blood samples showed no differences in trophic level either between bays or between NEAR and DISTANT nests in Placentia Bay. Results of these dietary analyses further support the relationship of higher PCB and DDE concentrations to a local source of pollution on the east side of Placentia Bay. The bald eagle breeding populations studied in Newfoundland had breeding densities and reproductive success higher than those reported for populations in more heavily industrialized regions such as the Great Lakes, Columbia River Estuary and Maine, and were comparable to those reported for stable and healthy populations in Alaska, inland Minnesota and Saskatchewan. Contaminant burdens in bald eagles from Newfoundland are lower than those reported for populations in the industrialized regions, and are lower than levels associated with impairment of reproduction.


identifier: Morton Ninomiya, Melody E. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Morton_Ninomiya=3AMelody_E=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2008) Sexual health education : a critical analysis of 'sex ed' teachers' feelings, attitudes and comfort levels.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Although there are many studies on adolescent sexual behaviour, there is limited research on how teachers experience and understand their role as sexual health educators. In this study, thirty-one self-selected junior high (Grades 7, 8 and 9) teachers of sexual health education (SHE) across Newfoundland and Labrador responded to a questionnaire aimed at better understanding their thoughts, feelings and comfort levels associated with 'sex ed'. Respondents gave valuable insight on available material resources, perceived support and objectives that shape school-based SHE. Results describe teachers of SHE, their perceptions and the curriculum resources they depend on to fulfill government-mandated objectives. This exploratory research uncovers several problematic issues: curriculum is grossly outdated; teachers are not provided with any specific training in sexual health; and, oppressive content and pedagogies are subtly at work. Educators need to examine how fear and discomfort has served to silence topics such as pleasure, desire, homophobia and gender identity.