title: The Canadian Long Poem: Double-Talking Its Way From Lyric to Parody

contributor:
Hutcheon, Linda
English

abstract:
Eli Mandel opened the proceedings of the 1984 Long-Liners Conference by announcing the death of the long poem. Barbara Godard concluded that conference by proclaiming t,he death of the lyric. This study contests such a dual apocalyptic vision, and seeks to retrieve both the long poem and the lyric--if not for posterity--at least for the duration of this thesis.

The Introduction establishes my theore'tical framework. I argue that, although the voice in the contemporary Canadian long poem disrupts the autonomous voice of the Romantic lyric, the long poem still retains vital connections to the original lyric form. I maintain that the roots of lyric (as described in the work of Andrew Welsh) are present within the long poem, and that those roots, linked as they are to an oral culture, provide a space for orality within the medium of print.

In addition, I state that because oral expression is linked to situationally-based interactions between speaker and audience, the presence of orality within the long poem confers upon the form a focus that subverts the solipsistic focus of the Romantic lyric. The subversive activity of the orally-informed lyric voice is further augmented by a narrative voice, which acts parodically to disrupt the autonomy of both the speaking person and the story being told.

I then examine four Canadian long poems, and show how the authors use the double-voiced characteristic of the long poem to define for themselves a sense of identity and a poetic voice. However, because the authors consistently undercut the autonomy of their own speaking voices and of their identities, they deny their texts and themselves any authoritative status as a source of final truth. I maintain, therefore, that their method offers the reader an opportunity to decide such questions of value, and reclaims for the long poem the social focus of the original lyric form.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: "One significant, consistent and developing personality": A Study of T.S. Eliot's Criticism

contributor:
Brink, Andrew
English

subject:
English Language and Literature
English Language and Literature

abstract: When we move chronologically through T.S. Eliot's critical writings from 1917 into the 1960's we realize that he has been done a disservice by a number of critics writing about his prose. Although he produced criticism prolifically for almost fifty years, many critical commentaries center on, rely upon, one essay: "Tradition and the Individual Talent". Indeed much criticism relies not even upon the entire essay, but upon a few phrases; as if this narrow selectivity were not dangerous enough, even the phrases themselves are often considered out of context. The result is a group of critical writings and observations often remote from and strangely unrepresentative of Eliot's actual creative and critical stance. The~e few phrases are not only used to represent the backbone of many critical discussions of Eliot, but they are sometimes used against him in critical comparisons of his early and late prose. An overview of Eliot's critical essays from-1917 through to the 1960's is necessary to ensure a more just account of his creative and critical beliefs. Critical preoccupation with terms such as "tradition", "impersonal" or "depersonalized poetry" has also obscured Eliot's important assertions about the benefit of the creative process to its creator. These assertions, scattered throughout the body of Eliot's essays, are useful tools in the elucidation of his own creative works. Such an overview of Eliot's critical essays from 1917 to 1962 holds three goals. First, accusations of critical inconsistency or impracticality within Eliot's essays (accusations coming from other critics) must be addressed. An accurate account of Eliot's central creative and critical assertions through the years must then be presented. Finally, these creative and critical principles must be given practical application to determine their usefulness.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Foundations of Natural Law

contributor:
Najm, S.M.
Philosophy

abstract: This thesis is a study of the various appeals that have been made to provide a foundation for a natural-law theory and a critical examination of the problems attendant upon these appeals. Al though an outline of this study is given in detail in the introduction, I should like to point out the purpose and what I feel to be the significance of this study. Most societies which pride themselves on having a mature legal system have witnessed the inadequacy of a positivist approach to the law. Because of this, we witness the search for a foundation or critical standard for our human enactments which is stable and beyond the reach of human interference. With the revival of interest in natural law, it is important to be aware of how proponents and critics have dealt with the view in the past in order to avoid problems and ensure an acceptable view for the present. In the final chapter of this study, I have suggested an approach for today which appears to overcome most of the major stumbling blocks of past attempts to provide a sound natural-law theory and which, I suggest, is a good beginning from which to develop a full legal theory.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Forked Tongue: Constellations of Language in Snake Poems By Canadian Women Poets

contributor:
York, Lorraine
English

abstract: Concerned by the limitations of language, Canadian women poets, such as Jay Macpherson, P.K. Page, Margaret Atwood, Jan Conn, Lorna Crozier, and Betsy Warland, are reexamining the language and images associated with male mythologis in order to seek and redefine personal mythologies that are "not destructive," but rather "livable," reflections of self. The way these poets find alternate symbolic importance - "new patterns" - for the snake suggests that meaning is open and contextual. By reexamining a significant image used by the writers working in phallocentric language - such as the snake - these women writers separate the image from its phallic associations and enable themselves to write an empowering personal mythology. The emphasis on non-visual responses to experience is a way for women writers to de-phallusize the vision of their culture. Another way these poets alter the vision of their culture is by revising the dominant myths of the patriarchy. The image of the snake in these poems is that of a creator making and living its own language. The snake's tongue - be it black, red, forked, or flicking - is especially significant because of its link to language as a tool of expression, and also because it is a model for women poets seeking a new tongue, a new dialect, a language of the body, in which to communicate their experience. In the poetry of these Canadian women, the snake provides a language in which these poets not only imagine lost matriarchies, but also find a community of mothers, they find themselves, and as the echoes and allusions indicate, they find each other.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Magic of Canadian Wilderness

contributor:
Ballstadt, Carl
English

abstract:
An exploration of the relationship of Indian legends and myths of fabulous beings to Canadian fiction reveals an important literary development in the presentation of wilderness. This development may most clearly be expressed by the image of the Sasquatch running into the mind of "Man" in Margaret Atwood's poem "Oratorio for Sasquatch, Man, and Two Androids", for such an image demonstrates the movement of the fabulous wilderness from a physical, concrete, and external reality, to a mental, abstract, and internal one.

Chapter One establishes some of the mythical and legendary dimensions of the wilderness through the motif of lost children. One of the more difficult experiences of the early settler was the loss of children to the woods, and writers soon came to fictionalize such incidents. Novels of lost children contain such fabulous elements as supernatural, cannibalistic Indians, anthropomorphic bears, Crusoe figures, Indian monsters, and primitive transformations into trees, wolves, and other animals. The novels included in Chapter One established the fundamental myth of the wilderness as a place both of potential order and meaning, as well as of potential chaos and worthlessness. Its potential for chaos is present in many of its fabulous elements, particularly the Indian, while its potential to be ordered is symbolized by the White children. Thus the novels of lost children set up the dichotomy between Red and White, wild and civilized, which runs through all of the works studied in this thesis. Perhaps most importantly the novels of lost children establish for this study the myth of the North American as a half-Red, half-White being, because their immersion into the primitive landscape alters their wholly white identities.

In Chapter Two the leap from establishing some of the mythical dimensions of the wilderness to exploring more extensively its realization in Canadian fiction is made. The focus is upon the Indian, and Indian legends, in order to demonstrate that they mythologize the North American landscape in the same way that Greek and Roman legends mythologize Europe. It is also shown that they serve to sensationalize the North American continent, and to undercut the rational principles of western civilization.

While the earlier writers studied in Chapters One and Two mythologized, or sensationalized, the landscape in spatial, physical terms, the contemporary writers studied in Chapter Three do so in non-spatial"psychological ones. In relatively recent fiction, the fabulous potential of the wilderness is not so much "out there" as it is "in "here". The despatialization and interiorization of the wilderness and its monsters into the minds of various characters examined in Chapter Three is shown to be a necessary and positive development.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The International Joint Commission and Point Roberts: A Venture Into A New Era of Concern

contributor:
Nossal, Kim Richard
Political Science

subject:
Political Science
Political Science

abstract: The evolving interdependent nature of the Canada- United States relationship suggests there will exist the need to further search for mutually agreed methods to settle disputes. Whether the International Joint Commission is adaptable to meet contemporary challenges that transcend its traditional concerns is a matter of debate. The Point Roberts reference provides valuable insight into this inquiry. As well, the Point Roberts reference portrays an interesting study into the dilemma facing this community and the dynamics of multi-jurisdictional decision-making processes. The Commission's failure to conclusively resolve the dilemma must be considered in light of the nationalistic overtones of the dispute, the investigative framework erected by the bilateral agency and the set of recommendations proposed by the Commission's advisory board. Although care must be taken interpreting the results from a single case study, the reference does signal both the dangers and potential for the International Joint Commission to become involved with matters outside the realm it has customarily transversed.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Roles of Slow Adsorption Kinetics and Bioactivity in Modelling of Activated Carbon Adsorbers

contributor:
Benedek, Andrew
Chemical Engineering

subject:
Chemical Engineering
Chemical Engineering

abstract:
Although adsorption of organic contaminants from the aqueous phase onto activated carbon is a widely used process, mechanistic models capable of describing the performance of adsorption beds are not presently available. Such models, if available, would allow an improved understanding of the behaviour of adsorption beds and could reduce the number of pilot plant studies which are presently required for system design. To develop a mechanistic model of activated carbon adsorption a two part study was undertaken.

In the first part, existing adsorption kinetic models were investigated and were found to be incapable of describing the adsorptive behaviour. Based on the structural properties of activated carbon, a branched pore kinetic model is presented which separates the carbon particle into two regions, a rapidly diffusing region which is associated with pores which are significantly larger than the adsorbing molecules, and a slowly diffusing region which is associated with pores which are of a comparable size to the diffusing molecules and in which diffusion is retarded. Equilibrium and batch kinetic experiments were conducted with pure phenolic compounds as adsorbates, and the model parameters were calculated from the data. The analysis shows that the slow diffusion region is important, and that some previously inconsistent results reported in the literature, such as premature breakthrough and tailing of the breakthrough curves, are due to the neglect of this factor. When used in a model of an adsorption column, the kinetic parameters calculated from the batch experiments enabled the performance of experimental adsorption columns to be predicted with excellent accuracy over extended periods. The early breakthrough and characteristics tailing noted above are shown to be a result of uptake in the slow diffusion region. The model as developed originally assumed a surface diffusion mechanism was responsible for transport in the rapidly diffusing region and as a result, solution of the model required extensive computation. The use of the quadratic driving force assumption was investigated to replace the surface diffusion mechanism and its use is shown to significantly reduce the solution complexity while giving an equally good interpretation of the data.

In the second part of the study the adsorptive behaviour of two feedstreams of environmental importance was studied. As in the first part, equilibrium and batch kinetic experiments were conducted and parameters for the quadratic driving force branched pore model were obtained by comparing the model to the data. Adsorption column experiments were conducted over extended periods and when the batch determined parameters are included in the adsorption bed model, the bulk of the breakthrough curve is shown to be well predicted. Because of the complexity of the feedstreams treated, the concentration can only be quantified in terms of a non-specific parameter such as Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and all the kinetic constants must be evaluated in terms of this parameter.

As with the pure solutes in the first part of the study, the slow diffusion region is very important in the absorptive uptake of these complex organic contaminants. Removal by biological mechanisms is often suggested when adsorption columns continue to exhibit an uptake capacity after prolonged periods of operation, and the problems in differentiating between very slow adsorptive uptake and biological removal are discussed in detail. The present analysis shows that in many cases this removal may be due to continued slow adsorption rather than biological oxidation of the organics. The slow diffusion also has important consequences for the design of activated carbon contactors as contact times far in excess of current practice are indicated if maximum use is to be made of the adsorptive capacity.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: CAL MOSAIC PAVEMENTS IN CLASSICAL HELLENISTIC DINING-ROOMS

contributor:
Dunbabin, K.M.D.
Classical Studies

subject: Classics Classics

abstract:
The place of dining was the most important and the most lavish room of the ancient Greek house. This lavishness is demonstrated by the decoration on the walls, of which very little survives, and by the decorative mosaics on the floors. This thesis collects information on all known mosaic pavements from the Classical and Hellenistic private dining-rooms and analyzes them in relation to their architectural setting.

The Classical andron is easily recognizable by its location within the house, its layout, elaborate decoration and individual architectural elements, of which the trottoir is by far the most revealing. The Hellenistic dining-room, however, is much more difficult to identify. For although some features of the andron continue to be used until the end of the Hellenistic period, the architecture of the dining-room undergoes a change, which results in a partial loss of its identity. The function of the room at this time is often revealed by the use of a plain edging band, which is placed between the walls and the mosaic of the central floor area and corresponds in size to the trottoir of the Classical andron.

With the exception of a few chip pavements, almost all of the Classical mosaics are made of natural pebbles. This technique is occasionally still implemented during the Hellenistic period, but it generally gives way to the production of mixed and tessellated pavements.

The architectural changes of the room precipitate a change in the composition and decorative schemes of the mosaics. As the square or nearly square-shaped andron changes into a broad rectangular room, the earlier compositional and decorative schemes cannot always be adapted to the specifications of the Hellenistic room.

The identification of the dining-room would have been made easier, if the artists had chosen themes that were related to the ambience of the room. A study in the iconography of the mosaics, however, dismisses any suggestions of a clear relation between the theme and the function of the room.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Model Based System Consistency Checking Using Event-B

contributor:
Maibaum, Tom
Mark Lawford, Emil Sekerinski
Mark Lawford, Emil Sekerinski
Computing and Software

subject:
insulin infusion pump
Event-B
safety critical systems
safety constraints
formal specification
timing constraints
Software Engineering
Software Engineering

abstract: Formal methods such as Event-B are a widely used approach for developing critical systems. This thesis demonstrates that creating models and proving the consistency of the models at the requirements level during software (system) development is an effective way to reduce the occurrence of faults and errors in a practical application. An insulin infusion pump (IIP) is a complicated and time critical system. This thesis uses Event-B to specify models for an IIP, based on a draft requirements document developed by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Consequently it demonstrates Event-B can be used effectively to detect the missing properties, the missing quantities, the faults and the errors at the requirements level of a system development. The IIP is an active and reactive time control system. To achieve the goal of handling timing issues in the IIP system, we made extensions of an existing time pattern specified using Event-B to enrich the semantics of the Event-B language. We created several sets to model the activation times of different events and the union of these time sets defines a global time activation set. The tick of global time is specified as a progress tick event. All the actions in an event are triggered only when the global time in the time tick event matches the time specified in the event. Time is deleted from the corresponding time set, but not the corresponding global time set while the event is triggered. A time point is deleted from the global time set only when there are no pending actions for that time point. Through discharging proof obligations using Event-B, we achieved our goal of improving the requirements document.

abstract: Master of Computer Science (MCS)


title: EXAMINING THE EFFECTS OF LEARNER-ADAPTED PRACTICE ON MOTOR SKILL ACQUISITION

contributor: James L. Lyons, Kelly Arbour-Nicitopoulos (external examiner)

subject:
motor learning
motor skill acquisition
learner-adapted
adaptive practice
contextual interference
self-efficacy
Motor Control
Other Kinesiology
Psychology of Movement
Motor Control

abstract: Two studies were conducted to examine the effects of learner-adapted practice on the self-efficacy beliefs, acquisition and retention of a motor task. Through a discovery process all participants learned to perform several keypress patterns, with the goal of completing each sequence as fast and accurate as possible. The first experiment had learners practice the keypress sequences in one of two adaptive schedules, which utilized either a ‘WinSwitch’ or ‘WinRepeat’ task switching algorithm, or follow a pre-determined order of tasks (two yoked-control groups). The purpose of this experiment was to determine if adaptive schedules were effective because they were tailored to a learner’s performance characteristics or due to the nature of the contextual interference employed by the switching algorithm when the 'winning' criterion was satisfied. To examine the psychological factors involved in adaptive practice, the second experiment had all groups practice in a ‘WinSwitch Adaptive’ schedule and manipulated the social-comparative feedback that was provided (positive, negative or control). Together these studies revealed that the effectiveness of adaptive schedules may not necessarily be due to the fact that they are tailored to a learner's performance characteristics. They also suggest that learning is facilitated by a switching algorithm that involves some blocked practice towards the beginning and mostly random practice towards the end of acquisition (WinRepeat schedule). However, providing positive social-comparative feedback can override the negative effects of the opposite schedule (WinSwitch) and result in more effective learning and increases in self-efficacy beliefs. These findings are discussed in reference to contextual interference effects and the self-efficacy framework.

abstract: Master of Science in Kinesiology


title: The Effect of a High-Fat Diet on Bone Strain in Adult Rat Femurs

contributor:
Wohl, Gregory
Biomedical Engineering

subject:
bone
biomechanics
animal models
mechanical loading
high-fat diet
Biomechanical Engineering
Biomechanical Engineering

abstract: A high-fat diet can adversely affect bone mechanical properties, but it is unknown how these changes affect bone adaptation. Bone adaptation occurs in response to strain-related mechanisms, and strain in the bone is affected by the size and mechanical properties of the bone.The purpose of this study was to compare the strain during loading in femurs from rats fed a high-fat (HF) or normal control (NC) diet. At 3 weeks of age, male and female Wistar rats were randomly assigned to receive a NC (NC–17% fat; N=8 per gender) or HF diet (HF–41% fat; N=8 per gender) until termination (39 weeks of age). Right femurs were loaded ex vivo in 3-point bending to physiologic levels and mechanical strain was measured. The mechanical properties of the left femurs were determined by 3-point bend tests to failure. The dietary effects were limited in both genders. Femoral cross-sectional area properties (bone area, moment of inertia), determined from µCT scans, were significantly greater in HF femurs vs. NC for males and females. Elastic modulus was calculated from strain and deformation data and no dietary effects were seen in either gender. At the applied loads, despite significantly larger cross-sectional area properties in the HF femurs, there was no significant difference in strain between HF and NC femurs for either gender. It appears that adaptive modeling occurs during growth in the HF bones to target a predetermined level of strain to preserve bone structural integrity.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: A Scalable Framework for Monte Carlo Simulation Using FPGA-based Hardware Accelerators with Application to SPECT Imaging

contributor:
Nicolici, Nicola
Electrical and Computer Engineering

subject:
Monte Carlo
Hardware Acceleration
Scientific Computing
Network on Chip
FPGA
SPECT
Computer and Systems Architecture
Computer and Systems Architecture

abstract: As the number of transistors that are integrated onto a silicon die continues to in- crease, the compute power is becoming a commodity. This has enabled a whole host of new applications that rely on high-throughput computations. Recently, the need for faster and cost-effective applications in form-factor constrained environments has driven an interest in on-chip acceleration of algorithms based on Monte Carlo simula- tions. Though Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), with hundreds of on-chip arithmetic units, show significant promise for accelerating these embarrassingly paral- lel simulations, a challenge exists in sharing access to simulation data amongst many concurrent experiments. This thesis presents a compute architecture for accelerating Monte Carlo simulations based on the Network-on-Chip (NoC) paradigm for on-chip communication. We demonstrate through the complete implementation of a Monte Carlo-based image reconstruction algorithm for Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) imaging that this complex problem can be accelerated by two orders of magnitude on even a modestly-sized FPGA over a 2GHz Intel Core 2 Duo Processor. Futhermore, we have created a framework for further increasing paral- lelism by scaling our architecture across multiple compute devices and by extending our original design to a multi-FPGA system nearly linear increase in acceleration with logic resources was achieved.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: Filopodial Activity of the Cardioblast Leading Edge in Drosophila

contributor:
Jacobs, Roger J.
Campos, Ana R.
Gupta, Bhagwatti
Biology

subject:
Heart
Cardioblast
Filopodia
Robo
Slit
Dorsal Closure
Amnioserosa
Migration
Cell Biology
Developmental Biology
Genetics
Cell Biology

abstract: I have put my half title as the main thesis title here. I would like to use that as the title displayed online.

abstract: The Drosophila heart arises from two bilateral rows of cardioblasts (CB) that migratedorsally towards the midline and contact their contralateral partners to form the dorsal vessel.Generally, migrating cells rely on the extensions at the leading edge domain. Like other migratingcells, we show that the leading edge of the CBs extends finger-like processes which might play arole in sensing guidance cues during guided migration. Expressing an mCherry-Moesin transgenein the CBs enabled us to characterise the dynamic nature and genetic requirements of thesefilopodial processes. While studying the role of filopodial activity during heart assembly weobserved that CBs extended cellular protrusions towards the internalizing amnioserosa cells.Filopodial activity is low during migration, and rises when the CBs are near the amnioserosacells. However, filopodial contacts are stabilized by interaction with contralateral CBs, not theamnioserosa cells. CB cell bodies can contact their contra lateral partners only after theamnioserosa is fully internalized. We propose that filopodia are generated in response to thepresence of sensory guidance molecules excreted by the amnioserosa cells.Robo/Slit signalling has been previously shown to play a role in CB migration, adhesionand lumen formation. Additionally, studies have shown that Robo/Slit signalling plays a role infilopodial extension in the Drosophila nervous system development. We observed that in embryosin which Robo signaling in the CBs was reduced or absent, the CBs were less active at the LE. Inaddition, the migration speed of CBs in mutant embryos was notably decreased. Based on theseresults, we hypothesize that Robo/Slit signaling plays a role in filopodial extensions.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: Characterization of Extended Defects in Heteroepitaxy of GaSb/Si Thin Films with Conventional Transmission Electron Microscopy

contributor:
Botton, Gianluigi
Materials Science and Engineering

subject:
Transmission electron microscopy
structural defects
characterization
semiconductors
thin films
interfaces
Semiconductor and Optical Materials
Semiconductor and Optical Materials

abstract: Research in the area of improving the efficiency and manufacturability of alternative energy technologies has been of high interest due to the growing environmental concerns of energy resources. Group III-antimonide-based compound semiconductors have been sought after as excellent candidates for photovoltaic conversion of infrared radiation, outside the spectral range absorbed by the currently available crystalline Si solar cells. The major challenge is the GaSb/Si interface is highly lattice mismatched, and inherently heterovalent. This leads to a high density of structural defects, many of which have not been investigated fully. Both optical and electrical properties of such heteroepitaxy thin films are strongly dependent on the periodicity of the crystal lattice, and the presence of extended defects cause perturbations in the lattice periodicity. Therefore the nature of such extended defects must be understood, in order to better manipulate the growth process to minimize their presence. This thesis demonstrates that through the use of conventional transmission electron microscopy, further insight can be gained into understanding the origin, distribution, propagation, and interaction of various extended defects. From this, a couple of ways to systematically suppress some of the defects have also been implemented, and the mechanism by which they induce such a suppression is also discussed.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: Water depth and salinity control of Thecamoebian (testate amoebae) assemblages in Cootes Paradise, Southern Ontario, Canada.

contributor:
Rienhardt, Eduard G.
Joe Boyce, Francine McCarthy
Joe Boyce, Francine McCarthy
Earth and Environmental Sciences

subject:
Thecamoebian
Testate amoebae
Paleoenvironment
Environmental variables
Water level fluctuation
Carp
Eutrophication
Cootes Paradise Wetland
Hamilton Harbor
Paleontology
Paleontology

abstract: High density sampling (n=50) was conducted in Cootes Paradise, a shallow wetland on the western shoreline of Lake Ontario near the city of Hamilton. Cootes Paradise is an urban wetland that has been affected by pollutants and nutrients and invasive carp. Thecamoebian analyses paired with site specific environmental measurements (depth, sp. conductivity, temperature, DO and pH) and substrate characteristics (textural and organic content -LOI) show relationships (R2 = 0.6) with depth (0-1m) and corresponding sp. conductivity (0.5 to 0.65 mS/cm) and temperature (26.5 to 30.5 °C). Q-mode cluster analysis recognized two biofacies. Biofacies 1 samples (n= 26) are found in the deeper areas (0.70 ± 0.27 m) and dominated by C. tricuspis 36 ± 8% (1 std), L. vas 18 ± 13% and D. protaeiformis “claviformis” 14 ± 6%. Mean water temperature is 28.0 ± 0.6 °C and conductivity at 0.56 ± 0.04 mS/cm. This assemblage has low species diversity (SDI=1.9 ± 0.3) which indicates a transitional environment. Biofacies 2 contains samples (n= 24) which are found in shallower areas (0.38 ± 0.15 m) and the assemblage is characterized by C. constricta “aerophila” 25 ± 8%, C. tricuspis 18 ± 5%, Cyclopyxis sp. 9 ± 6 % and L. vas 9 ± 4 %. The SDI for Biofacies 2 is 2.2 ± 0.2 and like Biofacies 1 shows a transitional environment. The average temperature is and 29.0 ± 1.0 °C with mean sp. conductivity also slightly higher than Biofacies 1 at 0.6 ± 0.04 mS/cm.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: The Reactionary Nature of Poe's Gothic Tales

contributor:
Sigman, Joseph
English

abstract:
Poe has been celebrated as a genius and deprecated as a plagiarist. Some see him as a symbolist while others regard him as a candidate for psychoanalysis. Despite the variety of critical approaches, however, the label of "Gothic" is often applied to Poe's tales. His stories do contain typical Gothic paraphernalia and settings, but this paper examines instead the extent to which Poe's stories express an ambivalent attitude, common to Gothic literature, in reaction to social changes occurring in America.

Gothic fiction was seen by many as a revolutionary form due to its tendency to collapse long-established boundaries and to promote new subject matter. Yet Gothic can also be called a reactionary form. Coming at a time when absolute monarchy in Europe was starting to be replaced by more democratic systems, this type of literature often responded with stories of individuals who, although perhaps heroic in their uniqueness and desire for knowledge and power, were almost inevitably damned.

America in the early to mid 1800's was dealing with many of the same issues. Individualism of both the country and the common man was hailed, much to the dismay of many who felt that this led to isolation and a loss of community. In many of Poe's tales the focus is on an alienated, solitary hero who perhaps willingly but inevitably steps outside the boundaries of society. This leads not to independence, but isolation and torment. By losing touch with everyday reality one may gain revelations or transcendental experiences, but these experiences end in madness and death for Poe's characters.

In many ways Poe's tales seem to suggest the dangers of progressive individualism. This paper involves a close reading of Poe's tales in order to determine the extent to which they may be considered examples of reactionary Gothic literature.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Off-shell effects in (d,p) stripping reactions and the three body system

contributor:
Sprung, D.W.L.
Physics

subject: Physics Physics

abstract:
The importance of off-shell effects has been investigated in (d,p) stripping reactions and the model triton.

For the stripping reactions a formalism is developed for calculating differential cross-sections and angular distributions assuming a direct process. By taking into account the off-shell background term and its interference several levels in the reaction ¹⁵N(d,p)¹⁶N (unbound) have been interpreted. Contributions to the resonances from other sources are considered by extending the coupled channel theory off the energy shell. In three soluble two-channel models, with square well, δ-function and non-local interactions, the off-shell resonance and bound state behaviour is discussed. The off-shell T-matrix for nuclear reactions is also derived using the R-matrix theory and it is discussed in some numerical detail.

For the model triton the ground state energy for two classes of potentials, a rank two and a partly non-local have been calculated. All these potentials fit the low energy data but in addition they support a continuum bound state (CBS). In each class two sets of potentials, one with a continuum bound state k = 5 fmˉ¹ the other at k = 7 fmˉ¹ have been investigated. The rank-two potentials produce a triton ground state collapse in all cases. The binding increases as the CBS moves to higher energies and decreases when the repulsive form factor becomes stronger.

The partly non-local potentials combine long-range locality with a short range non-locality. Though their non-local parts acting alone produce a collapse no collapse has been found for the total interactions. In fact the binding is almost the same as that of the local potential acting alone.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Lion Feuchtwanger's Erfolg: Film Technique and the Modern Historical Novel

contributor:
Chapple, Gerald
German

subject:
German Language and Literature
German Language and Literature

abstract: Feuchtwanger feit that due to such technological advances as film, the twentieth-century reader demanded something different from the novel, and he believed that this new film audience would eventually look at verbal texts from a different perspective. Through film techniques he hoped to meet this demand and provide what he felt was a much-needed "Erneuerung" of the novel. He sought to employ these cinematic methods in an attempt to liberate the narrative form from what he perceived to be its limitations. His ultimate goal was to stimulate the reader's social understanding and commitment through his/her emotions. To this end he experimented in a limited but revealing way with film techniques derived from Sergei Eisenstein's theory of dialectical montage. Surprisingly, the significance of Feuchtwanger's use of this type of montage and its implications for Erfolg and the novel in general has not yet been thoroughly investigated or illuminated in the current secondary literature available. This thesis aims at providing an analysis of Feuchtwanger's theoretical considerations regarding the "modernisation" of the historical novel via film techniques in his 1930 novel, Erfolg: Drei Jahre Geschichte einer Provinz. I address Feuchtwanger's intentions concerning the employment of film techniques in the novel. as set out in his theoretical writings, and have dealt with his artistic use of Eisensteinian montage. I also examine Feuchtwanger's use of a less "filmic" type of montage, along with the techniques of simultaneity and changing point of view, techniques he hoped would render his novel more "filmic." One of Feuchtwanger's main requirements for the historical novel is the didactic element. The film techniques he employed have specific implications for his theory of the historical novel, and it is through the application of techniques derived from Eisenstein's theory of dialectical montage that he is able to create didactic art in his historical novel.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Formalism, Expressivism, and the Visceral in Music

contributor:
Ajzenstat, S.
Philosophy

subject: Philosophy Philosophy

abstract: This thesis is a critique of formalist and expressivist theories of presented by Eduard Hanslick and Susanne Langer. It concentrates on the relation between the structure of the musical work and musical experience, particularly with respect to externalizing features in music and the understanding of musical structure as musical form. It culminates in an argument in favour of incorporating the visceral element of music in our evaluations of music's artistic value, such that musical experience is considered in both its cognitive and visceral modalities.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Brothers Mann and the Brotherhood of Man

contributor:
Lawson, James B.
German

abstract:
In the years preceding the First World War, Thomas and Heinrich Mann had each formulated his own distinct intellectual and social world views.

Thomas had been gr e atly creative spiritual mentors of influenced by three very the nineteenth century: Schopenhauer, Wagner and Nietzsche. In his writing, Thomas emphasized the development of the individual and he was preoccupied by the effects of disease and decadence.

Heinrich, on the other hand, strongly influenced by French writers, such as Emile Zola and Paul Bourget, stressed social aspects and the role of the individual by criticizing the prevailing conditions. He had also developed a theory of "literary politics" which called for the 'literary engagement' in the political life of the nation.

The outbreak of the First World War saw the brothers embroiled in a major ideological conflict which led to an eventual break in their relationship.

Thomas along with many intellectuals became swept up in the prevalent war hysteria and wrote several articles extolling the virtues and be nefits of war.

Heinrich was one of a small number of intellectuals who found this war enthusiasm totally offensive a nd wrote his famous Zola essay criticizing those who enthusiastically supported the war. His essay became the catalyst for the ideological conflict which broke out with his brother, who for his part felt personally attacked by it.

As a result, Thomas wrote his voluminous Reflections of a Nonpol it ical Man. In them, as well as extolling the virtues and superiority of German 'Kultur', he criticized his brother for supporting Germany's enemies.

The main purpose of this thesis will be to examine the Mann brothers' ideological and ultimately fraternal conflict as seen against the background of the historical, political, social and cultural realities of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Art of Piano Transcription as Critical Commentary

contributor:
Walker, Alan
Music Criticism

subject: Music Music

abstract:
The art of piano transcription represents a lengthy historical trend spanning musical idioms as diverse as fourteenth-century keyboard intabulations and twentieth-century recompositions. Part of the piano transcription's development has been the insightful role of the genre as a vehicle of critical commentary, a purpose which the transcription fulfils in a manner different from all other modes of music criticism. It is a commentary on one artist's ideas through the creativity of another artist in what might be described succinctly as "music about music."

A brief introductory section of the thesis documents the piano transcription's historical and terminological framework while the opening chapter describes the "practical purposes" of the genre, with emphasis on the factors contributing to the transcription's overwhelming prominence in the nineteenth century. Chapter Two discusses the artistic merit of the genre as an independent art form whose ultimate value must be judged not on preconceived biases, but rather on the intrinsic musical qualities of each work.

Chapter Three documents the critical role of the piano transcription by: 1) outlining the historical development of the genre's critical potential, 2) describing the various compositional means by which the transcriber assumes the role of critic and 3) undertaking a detailed examination of several transcriptions fulfilling this unique function, including: a) J. S. Bach's transcription of Vivaldi's Violin Concerto in 0 major, Op. III, No.9; b) Franz Liszt's transcription of the song "Moja Pieszczotka," Op. 74, No. 12, by Frederic Chopin; and c) two operatic fantasies based on Georges Bizet's Carmen - the first by Ferruccio Busoni (Chamber Fantasy on Bizet's "Carmen", and the second by Kaikhosru Shapurji Sorabji (Pastiche on The Habanera from "Carmen" by Bizet).

By altering and recomposing the original models through various compositional means, piano transcriptions offer insightful commentary on the original works. The uniquely creative means of expressing such commentary enables the transcription to reveal provocative insights into the original works which may otherwise have remained latent and unexplored. It is for this reason, perhaps more than any other, that piano transcriptions continue to be valued to the present day.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Worlds Contending: Bèla Bartók's Concerto for Orchestra

contributor:
Rapoport, Paul
Music Criticism

subject: Music Music

abstract:
Although the Concerto for Orchestra is Bartók's largest orchestral composition and one of the last works, it has received comparatively little attention in the scholarly literature. One reason for this may be the suggestion that it is artistically inferior, a compromise for the sake of financial success and public acceptance. This position is challenged through an examination of the circumstances surrounding the commission of the work, and its relation to Bartók's biography.

The main body of the thesis deals with the music itself in a comparison of the strengths and weaknesses of nine analytical approaches--the extent of serious criticism on the Concerto. Some of these analyses are more successful than others in discussing the work in a meaningful way. More importantly, the interaction of these analytical methods allows for the emergence of a pattern in the music which is not evident to the same degree in any of the individual analyses. The interaction of these diverse approaches to the Concerto, which both confirm and contradict each other at various times, provides a wider analytical perspective through which it becomes possible to suggest that the Concerto for Orchestra is characterized by a dynamic principle of conflict or "Worlds Contending," from the title of a poem by Bartók. Thus, an understanding of the work is heightened by the extension of the analytical perspective.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Feminist Music Criticism: Derivations and Directions

contributor:
Deaville, James
Diamond, Beverly
Music Criticism

subject: Music Music

abstract:
The tangled relationship of art, gender, and power has a long history. When militant suffragette Mary Richardson attacked the "Rokeby" Venus in 1914--the epitomy of the "eternal feminine"--she was making a vivid statement about male authority, female exploitation, and the operations of power in society (Fowler 109). Feminist cultural critics of the last twenty years have sought to unmask the gender and political ideology embedded in literature, art, and film--an ideology which has served to privilege the masculine over the feminine, severely constraining women's creative opportunities.

The first full-length book on feminist music criticism was published January, 1991. Feminine Endings: Music, Gender, and Sexuality by Susan McClary was a long overdue feminist analysis of music ranging from Bach to Madonna. Its timely appearance coincided with radical stirrings within the musicological/music theory community as evidenced by the excitement generated by both specialized and broaderbased conferences which have acknowledged these new influences in their sessions.

While many excellent articles have been published on the subject of feminist music criticism,l no effort has been made to date to provide an historical context, definition, and in-depth investigation of this topic. Chapter 1 of this thesis will address the historical roots of feminist music criticism in the women's movement of the 1960s, other forms of feminist cultural criticism, and socially grounded criticism. Chapter 2 will investigate the building of historical resources of women in music over the past two decades. This exploration of gender and music in a historical context form the immediate backdrop to the entrance of feminist music criticism on the current scene. The music criticism of Susan McClary provides an occasion for more detailed probing of the subject in chapter 3, including a critical assessment of McClary's work. Finally, some preliminary conclusions are offered along with suggestions for the possible direction of feminist critical studies in music in the future.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Barrier evolution of Cape San Blas, Saint Joseph Peninsula, Florida from textural analysis, ground penetrating radar and organic matter isotope geochemistry

contributor:
Reinhardt, Eduard G.
Boyce, Joe
Rink, Jack
Geology

subject:
Sea level
Holocene
Gulf of Mexico
barrier evolution
textural analysis
ground penetrating radar
organic matter isotope geochemistry

abstract:
St. Joseph peninsula is situated on the panhandle of Florida west coast in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico at N29°50‘ and W85°20‘ and is located at the west edge of the westernmost portion of the Apalachicola Barrier Island Complex (ABIC) on the Gulf of Mexico shoreline. Three vibra-cores were collected on Saint Joseph Bay side of Cape San Blas which is part of St. Joseph peninsula to determine its evolution in context of previous work by Rink and Lopez (2010). The study uses detailed textural analysis (PSD - Particle Size Distribution plots), multivariate statistics on the PSDs (Q-mode cluster analysis) and organic matter geochemistry (C/N and δ13C). In addition, Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) profiles are used to provide broader stratigraphic context.

The stratigraphic analysis found that CSB has an older nucleus of strandplain deposits dating to >12 Ka that were subsequently flooded and modified through Holocene sea-level rise at ≈ 2.2 Ka. Actual barrier formation began sometime between 2.2. Ka and 0.6 Ka which is the oldest beach ridge measured by Rink and Lopez (2010). Progradation of the barrier on the St Joseph Bay side began at least by 0.3 Ka and likely earlier. There is no evidence to indicate a higher than present sea-level in our core data and our data follows that of other sea-level studies using submerged offshore samples

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: Phenomenology of codimension-2 brane worlds: the importance of back-reaction

contributor:
Burgess, Cliff
Chen, Alan
Pospelov, Maxim
Physics and Astronomy

subject: Particle physics

subject: Cosmology

subject: Extra dimensions

subject: Elementary Particles and Fields and String Theory

abstract: Defended on November 3rd, 2011

abstract: In this thesis, we describe the properties of brane worlds embedded in a spacetime with two extra dimensions. We derive and describe the boundary conditions that branes impose on the bulk fields in the theory, and show that they reproduce known results for D7 branes in F-theory compactifications of type IIB supergravity. We show how brane-bulk couplings can stabilize moduli of a flux stabilized compactification of extra dimensions. An important new ingredient is that the branes can have a magnetic coupling to the flux that stabilizes the bulk. This coupling allows the system to relax the stringent constraints of flux quantization, which allows the bulk spacetime to respond to perturbations of the branes. We derive the dynamics of the lower-dimensional effective theory below the Kaluza-Klein scale, and show that the contributions of the magnetic coupling can be competitive with the tension of the brane. We first describe the simplest flux compactification: an Einstein-scalar- Maxwell theory in 6 dimensions. We find that the effective potential in 4 dimensions gets minimized at the position one would naively expect - at the stationary point of the sum of all the brane Lagrangians - but its value at the minimum gets changed by the magnetic coupling to the brane. Next we find that if the bulk is described by 6 dimensional gauged chiral supergravity, the effect of the magnetic coupling allows the curvature on the brane to be suppressed relative to the generic scale of the tension on the branes. We use this observation to construct an explicit brane-bulk system that has a technically natural cosmological constant of the correct size. The classical on-brane curvature vanishes in our construction, and the first order quantum corrections give a value to the cosmological constant of the right order of magnitude. We estimate higher loop corrections, and they are greatly suppressed.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: ASPECTS OF AIRWAY STRETCH-ACTIVATED CONTRACTIONS ASSESSED IN PERFUSED INTACT BOVINE BRONCHIAL SEGMENTS

contributor: Medical Sciences (Division of Physiology/Pharmacology)

subject:
asthma
airway smooth muscle contraction
deep inspiration
bronchoconstriction
airway stretch
airway hyperresponsiveness
Circulatory and Respiratory Physiology
Medical Physiology
Physiological Processes
Respiratory Tract Diseases
Circulatory and Respiratory Physiology

abstract:
Asthma is a disease characterized by transient airway smooth muscle contraction leading to episodes of reversible airway narrowing. It affects over 300 million people worldwide and is implicated in over 250 000 deaths annually. The primary clinical features of asthma include airway inflammation, hyperresponsiveness, and remodeling. Generally, asthmatic patients experience exacerbations between periods of diminished symptoms. Interestingly, in addition to these above mentioned hallmarks, asthmatics have also been shown to react differently to ventilatory mechanical strain. This is most evident when assessing the effect of a deep inspiration (DI), clinically measured as a breath taken from functional residual capacity to total lung capacity, in healthy individuals versus asthmatics. These deep inspiratory efforts have been shown to produce a bronchodilatory response in healthy individuals, whereas in asthmatics, DIs are less effective in producing bronchodilation, can cause more rapid airway re-narrowing, and even bronchoconstriction in moderate to severe asthmatics. The mechanism by which a DI is able to cause bronchoconstriction remains ambiguous. Previous theories suggest that this phenomenon is intrinsic to airway smooth muscle (ASM) itself. However, the airway inflammation present in asthmatic airways may also add to the increased ASM contractility following stretch, by the release of mediators that can prime the contractile apparatus to react excessively in the presence of stretch.

Thus, collectively, the studies contained in this thesis are linked to the general theme of greater characterization of the signalling mechanisms that regulate airway stretch-activated contractions using a pharmacological approach in intact bovine bronchial segments, with the hope of providing novel insights into the mechanisms that regulate the DI-induced bronchoconstriction seen in asthmatics.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (Medical Science)


title: Numerical Simulation of Mechanical Behavior of Reinforced Sheet Metals

contributor:
Wu, Peidong
Spence, Allan
Mechanical Engineering

subject:
Composite
corrugation
strain hardening
necking
formability
Applied Mechanics
Applied Mechanics

abstract:
In this study, detailed numerical analysis is carried out to investigate the effects of strain hardening on necking improvement by using finite element package ABAQUS. In addition, the response of laminated composite in necking, pure bending and hydroforming is also examined. It is concluded that architectured structure, especially corrugated reinforcement is an efficient method to significantly improve necking strain.

The necking strain is proportional to the strain hardening rate and volume fraction of the cladding material for laminated composite. In pure bending process, the residual stress distribution varies according to different material composition. The extent of springback is linearly related to the bending moment.

After the unloading in hydroforming process, the volume change of the specimen is linearly related to the fluid pressure while the slope of the linear function is independent to the material composition.

Under 2D plane strain tension, corrugated reinforcement is able to provide high strain hardening rate at large strain, and hence significantly improve necking strain of the composite. Small scale corrugation is superior to large scale ones in both necking strain and strength improvement. An optimal scale exists for highest necking strain and strength while further decrease of scale deteriorates the tensile response.

The anisotropic improvement of necking strain by 2D corrugation can be extended to other directions by 3D cone reinforcement. Under plane strain condition, the cone reinforcement is superior to the flat reinforcement in necking strain while remaining comparable strength.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: Molecular Orbitals and Thermolysis and Hydrolysis Mechanisms for Δ³-1,3,4-Oxadiazolin-2-ones

contributor:
Warkentin, J.
Chemistry

subject: Chemistry Chemistry

abstract:
The title compounds were first synthesized in 1970, and because of their highly functionalized nature, undergo a medley of quite distinctive reactions.

Interaction between the two main functional groups (azo N==N and carboxylate) was investigated theoretically. CNDO/2 frontier molecular orbital densities, ionization potentials (IPs), and electronic transition energies were (calculated for 5,5-dimethyloxadiazolinone (1-Me₂) and the 5,5-diprotio (l-H₂), and 5,5-difluoro (l-F₂) analogs. Bond lengths and angles were not optimized but rather taken from a crystal structure of a closely related system, with an assumed carbonyl bond length of Rⅽo = 1.19 Å. This value is supported by a high infrared stretching frequency (1835 cmˉ¹), X-ray crystal data, and the effect of Rⅽo variation on calculated IPs. The photoelectron spectrum of 1-Me₂ was obtained, and the first three bands assigned as nɴ- (10.20 eV), πɴɴ (11.52 eV), and nⅽo (13.26 eV). This unusually large nⅽo IP is traced to an inductive effect of the neighbouring strongly electron withdrawing azo group. The IPs obtained by CNDO/2 calculation (12.81, 13.37, and 15.15) are 1.5 to 2.5 eV higher than the experimental values, which is well within the predictive capability of the method. Thus, the theoretical treatment gives a good representation of the MOs of these compounds and may be employed with confidence to provide insight to the mechanistic studies.

The title compounds thermolyse at 50-100°C in a variety of solvents via two unique competing unimolecular pathways: one furnishing synthetically useful diazoalkane with carbon dioxide, the other, a theoretically interesting 3-piece fragmentation, spawns a molecular each of ketone, carbon monoxide, and dinitrogen. Diazoalkane formation is favoured by polar solvents and electron donating substituents, with a Hammett rho of -1.93 for seven ᴅ-substituted 5-methyl-5-phenyloxadiazolinones. Moderate solvent polarity effects, significant secondary kinetic isotope effects (2.1 ± 0.3% per D for 1-(CD₃)₂), the Hammett rho, and Frontier Molecular Orbital Theory, all support a concerted mechanism for diazoalkane formation through a transition state with non-synchronous bond rupture.

Neither thermal decomposition mode correlations with Taft steric parameters, Es, and ketone formation does not correlate with inductive paramerers, σ*. Interestingly, the enthalpy change during the exothermic three piece fragmentation was calculated to be only -30 ± 2 kcal molˉ¹, precluding chemiluminescence. A vigorous search for intermediates by esr, ms, CIDNP, trapping, and racemization experiments leads to the conclusion that ketone formation is also concerted.

Synthetic procedures to make oxadiazolinones were augmented with a new oxidation procedure developed for synthesizing oxadiazolinones from ketone semicarbazones which would not cyclize under normal lead tetraacetate oxidation conditions. In the presence of five equivalents of trifluoroacetic acid, a rapid reaction occurred at lower temperature.

Hydrolysis of dimethyloxadiazolinone was investigated at 20° over 30 orders of magnitude of acidity. Over the range H。= -6 to pH = 14, the products are carbon dioxide, ketone, and diazene, as expected on the basis of strong kinetic parallels to neutral ester hydrolysis. Large C5 substituent electronic effects seem most consistent with rate limiting breakdown of the tetrahedral intermediate, but ¹⁷O carbonyl oxygen isotope exchange was not detected. This is rationalized in terms of Deslongchamps' recent theory of stereoelectronic orbital control of the cleavage of tetrahedral intermediates, and supported by a number of related observations. The observed high reactivity of oxadiazolinones toward nucleophiles is in accord with the theoretical calculations, which predict a very electropositive carbonyl carbon.

Preliminary studies on acid catalysed decomposition of dimethyloxadiazolinone suggest that the thermodynamically favourable N4-protonated form may not be the kinetically active one leading to product 2-propanol over the acid range -16

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Lehrstück and Schaustück: The Unity of Brecht's Drama

contributor:
Schulte, Hans
German

abstract:
Given the recent demise of "real existing socialism," socialist literature raises a number of new questions for the contemporary audience. A case in point is the dramatic theory and practice of the German writer and dramatist Bertolt Brecht (18981956). Based as it was upon the premises of Marxism, how relevant is Brecht's art after the Wende? This study seeks to address this question through a revised look at Brecht's Marxist plays.

A commonly accepted tenet of Brecht research to date is that his plays demonstrate a development on the part of the playwright. Those Brechtian plays written after Brecht's first study of Marxist theory in the late 1920s can be divided into two groups: the Lehrstücke, or learning plays, which were brief, theatrical exercises in social behaviour, designed only for participants, rather than an audience, and the Schaustücke, full-scale plays to be performed onstage before an audience. Implicit in the approach of the so-called Phasentheorie is a tendency to consider the learning plays of lesser quality than the plays of Brecht's later work, and to emphasize differences between the two models.

Upon closer examination, however, the most striking characteristic of Brecht's dramatic theory and practice as it develops is not the divergence, but the unity of his plays. Using Brecht's Die Maβnahme (1930) and Das Leben des Galilei (1938/39) as paradigms of the Lehrstück and Schaustück, respectively, this study first reinterprets the learning play to then contrast and compare the two plays in terms of form and content. This reevaluation of Brecht's development as a dramatist reveals that the differences between Lehrsttick and Schaustück are essentially of a formal nature, and that these differences are outweighed by the intent and the content of the plays. Since Brecht's foremost concern with the dramatic medium is communicating a social message, the greatest significance of structure to the play is that it "structures" the play's socio-political content. Consequently, not the differences, but the continuities between Brecht's learning plays and the full-scale plays are meaningful. They indicate the unity of Brecht's dramatic theory and practice: to empower people with the knowledge that they can potentially liberate themselves from repressive forces within society through understanding their social nature and working together in community.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: 'Heimat' in der Literatur der Mennoniten

contributor:
Teuscher, Gerhard
German

abstract:
This thesis deals with the literature of the Russian Mennonites, who left the Soviet Union for Canada following the upheavals of the Revolution and Civil War. The loss of their homeland - the "Russian Mennonite Experience" - and the building of a new homeland became the central issue of their literature.

The use of Heimat as an approach allows the description of both the concrete loss of the land and its mental implications, thus combining the Mennonite vision with the historical aspect. In defining the Mennonite identity literature plays an instrumental role.

A development can be traced through two generations of writers. In Verloren in der Steppe Arnold Dyck understands Heimat in a rather concrete sense as the Ukrainian steppe and the existence of his people as a "people apart" according to the traditional rules of social interaction. Signs of alienation can be seen in the relationship to the surrounding Russians as well as in the development of the boy Hans as an artist.

Rudy Wiebe's Peace Shall Destroy Many holds a transitional position. In Deacon Block the traditional concept of Heimat fails in the needs of the historical situation as well as of the individual human being. Thom Wiens, however, indicates a positive orientation toward Christ's living and teaching.

In The Blue Mountains of China loss of Heimat is shown in its deepest aspect, the breakdown of the inner spiritual being. At the same time the utopian impulse is the most developed in this novel. Characters like Samuel Reimer or David Epp may fail in what they attempt, their intentions, however, are carried on by others. Caught up in limited perspectives they demonstrate the limitations of human perception. Hence the novel ends "On the way", indicating that true Heimat cannot be reached in this life but is an ideal that transforms the present.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The dehumanizing social collective in Martin Walser

abstract:
The following thesis pertains to five short stories written by the German author, Martin Walser. I have translated these works into English. The first four short stories, "Ein Flugzeug über dem Haus", "Ich suchte eine Frau", "Der Umzug", and "Die letzte Matinee", are part of a collection originally entitled Ein Flugzeug libel' dem Haus which was published in 1955. Although I had previously translated "Del' Umzug" for a graduate course, I have made considerable changes and improvements in this newly revised translation and therefore have decided to include it too with these other stories. The last story, "Bolzer, ein Familienleben", was part of a second collection put into print nine years later under the title Lügemzeschichten.

Finally, I have critically analysed these five short stories in an essay, by explaining Walser's main concern of the depersonalized social collective and by examining Walser's style and how he emphatically expresses through language the grotesqueness of the anitsocial attitude of the collective.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: David Bowie's 1. Outside: The Creation of a Liminoid Space as a Metaphor for Pre-Millennial Society

contributor:
Fast, Susan
Music Criticism

subject: Music Music

abstract:
The majority of writings on David Bowie have focussed on his early work. Many feel that Bowie's early work has much merit, as has been made clear by the vast pool of both academic and popular writings regarding his work in the early 1970s, his collaborations with Brian Eno in the late 1970s, and his most commercially accepted works in the early 1980s. However, much of the academic writing on Bowie has chosen to focus only on these works and ignores his more recent material. This thesis contributes to the body of knowledge regarding the more recent work of David Bowie.

In 1995, Bowie released the album 1. Outside. Through its music and lyrics, album art, accompanying narrative, music video and live performance, Bowie presents a world of the absurd and violent. He engages with the notions of murder as art, body modification as ritual, and the state of society at the end of the twentieth century. Bowie, in his comments to Ian Penman in Esquire magazine, suggests that the proliferation of body modification in late twentieth century Western society acts as a replacement for the Judeao-Christian ethic.

By applying Victor Tumer's theory ofliminality, it is argued that, through 1. Outside, Bowie is constructing a representation of a space which is analogous to society at the end of the millennium. For Turner, the liminal stage embodies an optimistic "storehouse of possibilities," not unlike a gestation period which precedes new life. Rather than creating a space which fits Turner's model of the liminal exactly, Bowie suggests a space which is liminoid, not exhibiting the full potential of the liminal. Bowie presents themes of nihilism and the alienation of technology, as well as many juxtapositions in visual performance, which serve to give the album a sense of ambiguity contributing to its ambivalent, and thus liminoid, character.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Ernest Newman's Philosophy of Music Criticism

subject: Music Music

abstract: This study focuses on Ernest Newman's philosophy of music criticism. Although all of the critic's writings in regard to this topic are examined, particular emphasis is placed on previously undocumented articles from "The World of Music" (Sunday Times, London - 1920-1958). Preliminary chapters provide a biography and a brief history of music criticism. Newman's enunciation of the problems associated with music criticism and his attempts to solve those problems are then examined in detail. Conclusions are drawn in regard to the value of Newman's thoughts about his profession.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The FeuiIletons of Castil-Blaze in the Joumal des Débats (1820-1832): A Critical Examination

contributor:
Deaville, James A.
Music Criticism

subject: Music Music

abstract:
The feuilletons that Françios-Henri-Joseph Blaze, better known as Castil-Blaze, wrote for the Parisian daily newspaper the Joumal des Débats between 1820 and 1832 represent his greatest involvement with music journalism. His appointment as chief music feuilletonist was a turning point for music criticism in France as it opened the door for trained musicians rather than just literary critics to proffer their opinions about music. While establishing himself as a translator of operas and adapter of pasticcios for the French stage, he addressed musical issues and created vivid portraits of the musical scene in Paris through his feuilletons signed "X.X.X." . His analyses of works were evocative in nature, calling upon the reader to re-create the events in his or her mind.

Castil-Blaze's feuilletons contain opinions about music which were prefigured in his twovolume book De rOpera en France. His views, however, did not remain static, but were . modified over time through encountering new works by Weber, Auber, Rossini, Meyerbeer, as well as Beethoven. His feuilletons also provide insight into the issues, personalities, institutions, and vocal and instrumental virtuosi of his time and place. In short, they are a window onto their author and the musical life of France during the Restoration.

Chapter One deals with the life and career of Castil-Blaze. Chapter Two examines both the text and the reading of the feuilleton. Castil-Blaze's manner of analysis, identified herein as "evocative analysis," is explored in light of reader-response criticism. Chapter Three considers Castil-Blaze's reviewing of the Parisian vocal and instrumental music scene and highlights notable institutions, musical personalities and issues of that era. Chapter Four concerns itself with his feuilletons about opera, while the fifth chapter investigates those about Beethoven. Chapter Six furnishes this document with a conclusion.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Anti-War Pacifism and the Principle of Self-Defence

contributor:
Vorobej, Mark
Philosophy

subject: Philosophy Philosophy

abstract: This thesis explores and critiques the ethical perspective on warfare known as 'anti-war pacifism'. Anti-war pacifism maintains that although interpersonal lethal self-defence is permissible in certain contexts, participation in the massive use of lethal force in warfare is morally prohibited. On this unique pacifist view, the magnitude of killing coordinated and exercised by enormous groups of soldiers differentiates killing in war from killing in private self-defence. Yet, some writers have suggested that in certain contexts the principle of self-defence can by itself justify the resort to war. If this is view is correct, then it would seem that those theorists who wish to hold onto the principle of self-defence must necessarily withdraw their allegiance to the pacifist camp. Consequently, advocates of the anti-war pacifist position must admit that war can be justified in certain contexts, and that participation in war is sometimes morally permissible. Such an admission would necessarily render the anti-war pacifist position incoherent, since to claim both the principle of self-defence and an absolute moral objection to warfare is to argue that war is sometimes permissible and that war is never permissible. Building on Robert K. Fullinwider's analysis. and incorporating the account of self-defence articulated by Suzanne Uniacke, this thesis defends the view that acceptance of the principle of self-defence is tantamount to an acceptance of certain limited wars. A war justified according to the principle of self-defence, the 'self-defensive war', is subject to numerous constraints in regards to its initiation and conduct. Nevertheless, the theoretical possibility of the self-defensive war renders the anti-war pacifist position an impotent moral theory of warfare, one that cannot be theoretically defended and therefore ought to be abandoned.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: A Lacanian Analysis of Miss Julie by August Strindberg and The Balcony by Jean Genet

contributor:
Adamson, Joseph
English

abstract: This thesis explores the symbiotic relationship between Jacques Lacan's psycho-analytical concepts and the dramatic genre. Rather than apply Lacan's theories to a wide variety of plays, two dramatic texts -Miss Julie by August Strindberg and The Balcony by Jean Genet - have been chosen for this exercise. The first chapter concentrates on the struggle between master and slave in Miss Julie. Lacan's version of the dialectic, which he borrows from Hegel, generates our discussion of the Name-of-the-Father and feminine sexuality. The chapter outlines the intentional decline of the protagonist as she surpasses the fragmenting Symbolic order and attempts to find contentment in the realm of the Real. The second chapter focuses on Lacan's three orders - the Imaginary, the Symbolic, and the Real and their manifestation in The Balcony. This discussion concentrates on power: who has it, why they have it, and how they maintain it. Finally, placing the dramatic texts where they belong - on the stage - the third section of this thesis emphasizes Lacan's concept of the Gaze, and outlines its significance in understanding the theatrical experience. By closely analyzing Lacan's theories through two dramatic texts, this thesis hopes to illustrate the practicality of Lacan's concepts for literary criticism, as well as provide readers with a new tool in approaching the dramatic genre.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: "Liebe ist nur ein Wort": Der Streit zwischen Trieb und Geist im Fruhwerk Alfred Doblins

contributor:
Chapple, C.G.
German

abstract: In his writing and his theoretical essays on literature Alfred Doblin tries to find a way to understand the inner reality of the human being. As we see in his early prose works from 1896-1903, he tries to show the individual's hopeless battle against his natural dependence on his basic drives. Doblin concludes that the human being is neither free to make rational decisions nor to able to love because of his dependency on the determining drives. In the following years Doblin in his essays tries to answer the question as to how, through literature, he might come closer to understanding and describing the real dependence of the human being has on unconscious forces, but we find his first attempts at this discussion linked to basic questions about the condition of human life, in his very first works of fiction.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Sisters With Voices: Women Making Music in he Hip-Hop Scene

subject:
Music Criticism
Music
Music

abstract:
One of the main goals of this study is to develop analytical strategies that can meaningfully represent the contributions of women in hip-hop music. In the last five years, a number of music scholars have begun to explore ways of analyzing and theorizing rap's music, but, by and large, the music of women rappers has received little critical attention in the musical academy. Furthermore, musicological studies of rap music have generally avoided examining dance, gesture, and other visual aspects of performance, privileging instead the lyrics and especially the technological aspects of rap (i.e. sampling technology, layering of musical and rhythmic tracks). As a result, those (male) artists who have explicitly political agendas and exploit complex technology tend to receive the most critical attention.

By specifically considering the music of women rappers, this study attempts to challenge discourses that treat hip-hop culture and rap music as disempowering to women and as an exclusively male cultural activity. In addition to analyses of musical tracks and lyrics, this study also locates complexities in additional aspects of performance, particularly complexities produced through the use of vocal timbres and physical imagery. Thus dance, language, gesture, clothing, music, and voice are considered with respects to the ways that women construct and negotiate feminine identities, and challenge disempowering gender, ethnic, and socioeconomic stereotypes.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Dynamics of Transient and Steady-State Responses Evoked by Mechanical Stimulation of the Digits

contributor:
Roberts, Larry E.
Philosophy

subject: Philosophy Philosophy

abstract:
The basic problem addressed by the experiments of this thesis was how the human brain organizes the information transduced by the receptors of the somatosensory system (somatotopic maps), and how representations of that information are updated as a consequence of sensory experience (plasticity). The experiments of this thesis were designed to measure somatotopic maps of the digits in adult human subjects (experiment 1 & 2) and to measure the reorganization of these representations following discrimination training (experiment 3).

Experiment 1 of this thesis confirmed that somatotopic representations evoked by 1.5 Hz mechanical stimulation of the digits can be measured noninvasively by applying dipole analysis to EEG and MEG projected onto a region of postcentral gyrus and were in agreement with known anatomical landmarks near somatosensory area 3b. This experiment was the first to provide evidence of digit somatotopy by recording EEG responses to mechanical digit stimulation. However, the procedures used to map somatotopic representations were impracticably long (>5 minutes per digit), prompting the development of more efficient steady-state stimulus procedures investigated in experiment 2.

Experiment 2 compared somatotopic maps of the digits derived from the presentation of a 3 Hz "transient" stimulus with that of an 18 Hz "steady-state" stimulus. Results from this experiment showed that somatotopic maps observed using a steady-state stimulus were remarkably similar to those observed using a tansient stimulus and both maps were observed to be stable over repeated measurements. However, the steady-state maps were obtained in half the measurement time. The results from this experiment demonstrate that steady-state stimuli may be a more efficient procedure for mapping somatosensory representations.

Experiment 3 used steady-state stimulation to investigate whether somatotopic representations are statically fixed or whether they can be remodeled by temporally coherent stimulation during a tactile discrimination task. In this experiment, subjects were trained for three days to detect changes in the frequency of a 21 Hz tactile stimulus applied to the digits 2 + 3 + 4 (fusion condition) or 2 + 4 (segregation condition) of the right hand. Results from this experiment showed changes in the 21 Hz representation for digit 3 were obtained on the third day of training for a subset of subjects in the fusion condition and for the segregation group as a whole.

The results from this thesis build upon a body of research which employs noninvasive procedures to describe the organization of the human somatosensory cortex. These noninvasive measurements help to extend our basic understanding of how the body represents somatosensory stimuli in the brain. Further, this thesis adds to a growing literature which demonstrates that the adult somatosensory cortex is capable of reorganization, depending both on the pattern of peripheral stimulus and the adaptive relevance of the stimulus to the individual.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: The Far Infrared Absorption Spectrum of Silicon and Germanium Under High Optical Excitation

contributor:
Timusk, T.
Physics

subject: Physics Physics

abstract: A study has been conducted, at low temperatures, of the far infrared absorption spectrum of silicon and germanium under high optical excitation. This work presents the first experimental observation of the absorption of both the gas of indirect excitons and the electron-hole drops (EHD) in silicon. Using the strength of the exciton absorption, a study of the coexistence of the exciton gas with the EHD was undertaken. For germanium, the absorption spectra produced by excitons and the behaviour of the exciton transitions in the presence of a small magnetic field were measured. The experimental excitonic absorption spectra in both silicon and germanium are compared with the results of the effective mass Hamiltonian model and it is found that the results of this model account well for the observed structure in both materials. A model for the response of the exciton levels to an externally applied magnetic field was developed. The comparison of the experimental results provided a check on the identification of the observed transitions between lS to 2P exciton states in germanium. The absorption spectrum produced by EHD is silicon is compared with a calculated spectrum using the Mie theory for the absorption of radiation by small particles. The calculation included both interband and intraband transitions for the valence bands. The agreement with the experiment is good and justifies an estimate of the value of the electron-hole density inside the drops in silicon. As a result of the study of the coexistence of the exciton gas with the EHD, estimates could be done for the radius of the drops in silicon.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Loyalty and the Sacramentum in the Roman Republican Army

contributor:
Haley, E. W.
Classics

subject: Classics Classics Classics

abstract: Despite the large corpus of scholarly writing about the Roman army, the military oath, or sacramentum, of the late Republican legions has not been studied at length. Since the fall of the Republican was rooted in the struggle for political and military dominance by individuals, the loyalty of the legions to these commanders is of utmost importance. The first chapter focuses on the geographic and social origins of the soldiers of the late Republic, which have been studied extensively and provide a background from which to assess the composition of the army. As well, the conditions of service for this period are significant factors affecting the obedience of soldiers to their commanders, and the second chapter of this thesis places particular emphasis on problems of length of service, pay, booty and plunder, and military discipline. This framework of conditions and characteristics supports the analysis of the sacramentum itself in the third chapter. The textual evidence for the oath, both direct and indirect, are gathered for comparative purposes and applied to historical anecdotes of loyal and disloyal behaviour for the period in question. Conclusions about the religion and psychological impact of the sacramentum complete this assessment of the effectiveness of the Roman military oath in the late Republic.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Klezmer: Micro-Perspectives on a Macrocosm

contributor:
Kinder, K.
Music Criticism

subject:
Music Criticism
Music
Music

abstract:
Only very recently have scholars embarked on tapping the potentially rich wellspring of Jewish heritage music called klezmer. Since its revitalization starting in the 1970s, klezmer has effectively leaped from obscurity to institutionalization in a transformation of remarkable speed. Its vast appeal now testifies to the significance it bears in a myriad of cultural and social spheres-anything from religion and literature to consumerism and tourism. However, because klezmer remains a relatively new area of study, only the major centers of musical activity have enjoyed the privilege of serious observation and theorization.

This thesis attempts to examine klezmer at a more intimate level, in some of the localities that have been, as yet, unexplored, but which maintain a vital position in the continuity and life of the music and its culture. An overview of klezmer, its revival, its contemporary context, and some of its key theoretical issues is followed by an investigation into the heart of its educational establishments-known colloquially as klezmer camps. These institutions allow for a practical application of the concept of the "hyper-real" proposed by French theorist Jean Baudrillard, since their foundations and structures, which often strive to simulate an older tradition, create instead a new kind of culture with an elusive underpinning. This idea is carried further in the ensuing exploration of klezmer culture in the city of Montreal, Quebec. Through individual interviews and the direct observation of the scene and its participants, recurring conceptions of rootedness and gender in klezmer are probed from theoretical standpoints, revealing highly complex relationships between klezmer enthusiasts and their city, background, language, and even each other. As result, klezmer culture is positioned as the product of influence by various local phenomena as well as by more broad, mythical, and even global developments.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: A Study Through Translation of Wolfgang Hildesheimer's Paradies der falschen Võgel

subject:
German
German Language and Literature
German Language and Literature

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: A Critical Examination of Expressive Content in Mahler's Ninth Symphony

contributor:
Hartwell, Hugh
Music Criticism

subject:
Other Music
Other Music

abstract:
This thesis defends the legitimacy of expressive interpretations of music 1 by proposing how critics might reconcile a work's expressive, or extramusical inferences 2 , with its autonomous or purely musical substance. It focuses on the music of Gustav Mahler, whose resurgence in popularity in the 1960s owed a great deal to his music's richness in extramusical associations. As one critic observed: "The magnitude and intensity of reactions to Mahler suggests that more is involved than purely musical or aesthetic appreciation."3

Amidst this century's skepticism towards matters of expression in music, there has been a tendency to regard a work's extramusical inferences as entirely arbitrary. Rather than examining the musical elements which may have given rise to these inferences, critics have often dismissed them as musically inconsequential. This thesis counters that many of the non-musical inferences that are drawn from Mahler's music actually underscore purely musical properties; hence, expressive interpretations may be regarded as a complementary, not competing method of musical understanding.

1 Which may be defmed as critical discussions of works which draw comparisons between music and various non-musical phenomena such as ideas, emotions, objects and events.

2 Both expressive inferences and extramusical inferences may be defmed as nonmusical information which is achieved through expressive interpretations.

3 Eva Hoffman. "Mahler for Moderns". Commentary 59 (June 1975), 52.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Shattering the Silence: Sexual Violence in the Literature of Canadian Women

contributor:
Coldwell, Joan
English

subject:
English
English Language and Literature
English Language and Literature

abstract: Women's experiences of sexual violence have long been excluded from the public' realm by a patriarchal code of silence which facilitates the very violence which it publicly ignores. Recently, Canadian women writers such as Karen Augustine, Beatrice Culleton, Susan Glickman, Beth Goobie, Joy Kogawa, and Libby Scheier have begun the process of shattering the silence, as they attempt, through their literature, to describe, define and recover from the violence perpetrated against women. It is essential for criticism like this thesis to join with the literature in the feminist project of identifying, discussing, and, ultimately, undercutting the unified suppressing forces of literary, sexual and political hierarchies -- for to leave the literature unstudied only reinforces the misrepresentations and attitudes which it opposes. This thesis, through chapters which investigate theoretical, technical, racial and sexual issues, illuminates the emerging feminist discourse on sexual violence. The Canadian women writers studied in this paper write from various feminist theoretical foundations, employ a fresh style and tone, use metaphors to elucidate their experiences, grapple with the trap of the confessional structure, follow the écriture féminine style to "write the raped body," confront the racist and heterosexist elements of sexual assault, and struggle to avoid being subsumed back into the dominant patriarchal discourse. In writing about sexual violence, these women bravely disobey the patriarchal edicts of silence and, through this challenge, threaten the continuation of the code which they defy.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Major von Tellheim or Tragedy Averted: A Reevaluation of Lessing's Serious Comedy Minna von Barnhelm

contributor:
Dusen, Robert Van
German

abstract: This thesis will consider the serious side of Lessing's play Minna von Barnhelm by focusing on the figure of Major von Tellheim. It is important to note that we will assess the work as a serious rather than as a tragic comedy. It is not the tragic but rather the potentially tragic nature of Tellheim's dilemma which we will consider. In order that this study present as complete a picture as a master's thesis will allow, both popular and controversial views of this character will be examined. In this way we hope not only to show how critics have dealt with the major in the past, but also to indicate the direction in which modern research seems to be moving as scholars continue to scrutinize this most compelling figure.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Relations Between Musical, Spatial and Mathematical Abilities

contributor:
Trainor, Laurel
Hitchcock, David
Psychology

subject: Psychology Psychology

abstract: Relations between musical, (rhythmic, tonal and chord analysis), spatial (rotation and visualization) and mathematical (computation, number sense, reasoning, spatial discrimination, and measurement) abilities were investigated. Participants were 18 boys and 18 girls, from a grade 6 class (average age = 11.5 years). Spatial scores were significantly related to tonal abilities, and measurement scores to both tonal and rhythmic abilities, after the effects of age, sex and intellectual ability were partialled out. Males outperformed females on both measurement and two-dimensional spatial tests. The possibility of a causal connection between musical and spatial abilities is discussed, specifically whether improving mathematical and spatial abilities may enhance musical ability, or vice versa. Educational implications are also discussed with suggestions for how classroom programs could exploit this mathematical-spatial-musical relationship. The current curriculums are shown to recognize that there is a relationship between mathematical and musical abilities, and to be in tune with the present study's educational suggestions.

abstract: Master of Arts in Teaching (MAT)


title: THE LETTERS OF LADY MARY WORTLEY MONTAGU

contributor:
Walmsley, Peter
English

abstract:
This study treats the letters of Lady Mary (Pierrepont) Wortley Montagu (1689-1762), an English aristocrat who produced a extensive body of writing, primarily during the first half of the eighteenth century. My approach to the letters is informed by poststructuralist feminist theory, in particular by Judith Butler's theory of gender as performance. It is my contention that when we consider how this specific eighteenth-century woman's subjectivity is generated by intersecting, heterogeneous discourses, we equip ourselves to examine the ample contradictions of her self-positioning in relation to eighteenth-century discourses of gender and to notions of identity, authority, and community. Throughout this discussion, then, I take into account the historical specificities of Montagu' s position, especially the ways in which upper-class status, literary conventions, and certain other discourses, namely Oriental ism and gossip, intersect with gender norms to produce and shape her subjectivity.

The introductory chapter begins by considering Montagu's place in the poetry of her contemporary Alexander Pope as well as by examining her resistance to the place he assigns her; this discussion highlights the limitations on women's participation in public discourse, demonstrating also how gender norms might be transformed when a woman seizes the right to speak and write. Next, I examine current critical commentary on the letters, showing how readers of Montagu have moved in recent years towards a model of gender as performance. I argue that the references critics of Montagu make to Judith Butler's theory of gender and identity as performative constructs fall short of the investigative potential these concepts offer. I then return to Butler's work in order to theorize the concepts of subversion and abjection. Subsequently, Montagu's "Autobiographical Romance," a fragmentary story, provides an cogent example of how Montagu's subversive strategies of self-definition are contingent on the violent denigration of other women.

Chapter 2 focuses on The Embassy Letters (1716-1718), which Montagu wrote during her term as English ambassadress in Turkey to correspondents in England and France. Here, the relationship Montagu's texts construct between the author and Turkish noblewomen emerges an ambivalent one, as her strategies for criticizing gender norms are shown to be marked by a reluctance to cast in her lot with a group defined within both Orientalism and gender ideology as inferior, passive, and, hence, appropriable. Chapter 3 examines the letters Montagu wrote while in England during the 1720s to her sister Lady Mar who was living in Paris. In this chapter, I look at Montagu's relationship to the discourse of gossip. Though Montagu attempts in some ways to claim gossip (and vanity or self-pride) as a positive resource for women's self-representational practices, she is also prompted to violently reject the very women whose transgressions she celebrates. In both cases, I argue that Montagu's strategy of relegating other women to an abject status, outside the norms of social and cultural intelligibility, works to make Montagu's own transgressions of gender norms seem more poised, and thus more acceptable, than they might otherwise appear. Nonetheless, we see in both sets of letters how Montagu's fierce impositions of distance between herself and other women are qualified by her longing for connectedness with their experiences, especially their moments of liberation.

Having worked through these issues in the two sets of letters, I arrive at the conclusion that Montagu' s approach to the "trope of the other woman," to use the term employed by Reina Lewis in her recent book on Western women's Orientalism (Gendering Orientalism [1996] 26), involves a disturbing violence directed against other women. One of the most valuable aspects of Montagu's letters, however, is that they allow us to see how this violence is generated by the discourses which shape Montagu's own abject, disenfranchized position in her society and culture, and not by an essentially closed attitude towards other women or other cultures on her part. In the end, I maintain that Montagu's representational strategies remain troubling in certain local instances to the dominant eighteenth-century English notion that women are inert, appropriable bodies, incapable of representing themselves or of participating in public discourse. But I also emphasize that feminist readers of Montagu need to challenge the exclusions that underwrite the subversive aspects of her epistolary discourse.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Ambiguity and Technique in Three NOvels by Graham Greene

contributor:
Aziz, Maqbool
English

abstract: Graham Greene's complex protagonists remain sympathetic before the reader in spite of serious flaws. They are not "good" or "bad" characters, but simply human; their wrong actions become mixed with ambiguous motives, and the reader is left with more questions than answers. It is a careful technique by which the author creates such ambiguity around his protagonists. Greene's choices in narrative style show the protagonists' motives and actions from many different perspectives; thus he avoids the "easy" answers. The same narrative style, however, gives the reader a unique and intimate perspective from which to view the protagonists, resulting in the relationship which enables the reader to see, in Scobie's words, the heart of the matter. As a result, the reader discovers that there is much good in a character with immense problems and withholds judgment on even the worst offender. Though ambiguous in many ways, the protagonists are accepted as simply human. This study attempts to examine the ambiguity of Greene's protagonists and the technique that lies beneath it.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Edvard Grieg: Between Two Worlds

subject:
Music Criticsm
Music
Music

abstract:
Although Edvard Grieg is recognized primarily as a nationalist composer among a plethora of other nationalist composers, he is much more than that. While the inspiration for much of his music rests in the hills and fjords, the folk tales and legends, and the pastoral settings of his native Norway and his melodic lines and unique harmonies bring to the mind of the listener pictures of that land, to restrict Grieg's music to the realm of nationalism requires one to ignore its international character.

In tracing the various transitions in the development of Grieg's compositional style, one can discern the influences of his early training in Bergen, his four years at the Leipzig Conservatory, and his friendship with Norwegian nationalists - all intricately blended with his own harmonic inventiveness -- to produce music which is uniquely Griegian. Though his music and his performances were received with acclaim in the major concert venues of Europe, Grieg continued to pursue international recognition to repudiate the criticism that he was only a composer of Norwegian music.

In conclusion, this thesis demonstrates that the international influence of this so-called Norwegian maestro had a profound influence on many other composers and was instrumental in the development of Impressionist harmonies.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)