title: Particulate Deposition Prediction of Diluted Two-Phase Impinging Jet

abstract:
Insights into particle transport and deposition process in impinging jet flow, in light of the available experiments, can be gained using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulations. The present thesis focuses mainly on the prediction of aerosol particle transport and deposition in impinging jet flow. An extensive literature survey has indicated that the present work represents the first comprehensive investigation of aerosol particle transport and deposition, using Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes/eddy interaction model (RANS/EIM) along with near-wall corrections, and large eddy
simulation (LES) numerical approaches applied to particle-laden impinging jet flow.
A new in-house tracking code for particle-laden impinging jet flow using modified EIM, as well as modified EIM in conjunction with the near-wall correction technique based on impinging jet flow characteristics was developed to simulate the particulate phase. Two different approaches in the framework of RANS method, RANS SST (shear stress transport) and RANS RSM-BSL (Reynolds stress transport-Baseline) model were used to simulate the fluid phase in three cases of nozzle-to-surface distances of L/D = 2, 4 and
6. Also, to better understand the applicability and accuracy limits of different numerical methods on aerosol particle deposition, one representative case for an impinging jet flow of L/D = 2 was performed using LES.
Deposition results without near-wall correction, with turbulent tracking, showed unrealistic behavior at the beginning of the wall jet region and close to the stagnation point. Once the normal-to-wall fluctuating velocity, which plays important role for particle deposition on the impingement wall, was properly modeled via the near-wall correction technique, significant
improvements were obtained when compared to the previous experiments, for all L/D cases. However, the results showed that RANS RSM-BSL/modified EIM, in conjunction with the near-wall correction, have better performance in predicting the deposition results. Particle deposition results for L/D = 2 showed that LES is in closer agreement with previous experimental data more than RANS RSM-BSL/modified EIM along with near-wall correction. These results provide new insight into the general behavior of the aerosol particle transport and deposition process in impinging jet flow.


title: The Semantics of the Persian Object Marker - râ

abstract:
This study presents an analysis of the semantics of the Persian object marker –râ. Semantically, –râ has been identified with definiteness marking (Sadeghi, 1970; Vazinpour, 1977), specificity marking (Browne, 1970; Karimi, 1989, 1990, 1996, 2003a, and 2005) and presupposition marking (Ghomeshi, 1996; Ganjavi, 2007). In this study, I challenge the assumptions presented in previous works and argue that while definiteness, specificity and presupposition capture important aspects of the meaning of –râ, none of them adequately characterize its semantics. Specifically, I argue that a unified
account can be given if we assume that –râ is a maximality operator which picks out the maximal member of the denotation of its argument following Link (1983) and Beck and Rullmann (1999). The maximality proposal can account for the appearance of –râ on question words, contrastive topics, donkey sentences, plurals and indefinites which have remained unexplained in previous accounts of –râ.


title: Examining Sensorial Interfaces as the Stimuli for Remote Affective Communication

abstract:
Current communication technologies have a significant role in satisfying social connection and networking, but have not yet been developed to entirely support interpersonal communication, especially in creating and maintaining intimacy and a sense of connection in an intimate relationship, specifically with young adult children and older parents. Under the emerging trend of ubiquitous computing, this research examines the possibility of creating new means for augmenting intimacy in remote affective communication between young adult children and older parents. From a small-targeted group, this
exploratory study rooted in family communication activities and family life is exploring the possible themes, cues and artefacts that support family closeness but are missing in conventional communication (audio and video). By generating a group of concepts and new tools for remote family interaction, the findings of this thesis offer insights into new means of communication tools for supporting family connectedness.


title: Design and Construction of an Experimental Apparatus to Assess the Performance of a Solar Absorption Chiller with Integrated Thermal Storage

abstract:
As the prevalence of mechanical space cooling in the residential sector increases in Canada, the amount of energy consumed and greenhouse gases released is increasing. Solar absorption cooling has the potential to significantly reduce the energy consumption for space cooling. The design and construction of a complete experimental apparatus to assess the performance of an absorption chiller was completed. The experimental set-up consists of a heat source, a heat rejection loop, and a building load simulator. In addition, a model of the experimental set-up was created in TRNSYS. Through
simulation it was determined that the chiller should be run for seven complete cycles and measurements taken at 30 second time intervals. The error on the temperature readings was determined to be ±0.49°C while the temperature difference measured by the thermopiles has an uncertainty of ±0.15°C. The thermal coefficient of performance can be determined to an overall uncertainty of ±3.8 percent.


title: Molecular and Cellular Analysis of Disease Resistance Mechanisms in Wheat

abstract:
Plants are exposed to abiotic stresses such as drought, high or low temperature, and to biotic stresses such as insect attack or pathogen infection.  Plants have developed specific mechanisms to detect external signals with proper phosiological responses in order to survive under these challenges.   Protein Phosphorylation is involved in plant response to pathogen attacks.  One of the principle phosphorylation pathways that are used by plants in biotic and abiotic stress responses is mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, which consists of MAPKKK, MAPKK, and MAPK.  The
following work will be presented: cell death mechanisms, DNA repairing genes, β-glucanase and glutamine synthetase, and FLR gene expression have been studied when resistant and susceptible wheat cultivars were challenged by fungal toxin Fumonisin B1 and defense signaling molecule salicylic acid (SA).


title: Sex Offenders Do Change on Risk-Relevant Propensities: Evidence from a Longitudinal Study of the Acute-2007

abstract:
Few studies have examined the patterns of change in risk-relevant propensities among sex offenders. Given that existing evidence suggests that offenders’ risk of reoffending can change across time, the ability to detect change in measures of risk-relevant propensities would be useful for release, management, and treatment decisions. Of the studies that have examined change in such factors among sex offenders, researchers assumed that the observed scores were without error, making it impossible to disentangle the effects of true change from increased reliability. To date, no studies have
examined whether this assumption is correct. The current dissertation advances knowledge by examining change in sexual offending risk using statistical models that separate the effects of measurement error from true change. Two studies were conducted, both using repeated assessments of the Acute-2007 scores for sex offenders on community supervision (Hanson et al., 2007). In the first study, the temporal stability of the factor structure of the Acute-2007 was examined across three time-points for 317 sex offenders. The Acute-2007 met the assumption of measurement invariance and, as such,
observed changes were attributed to true change on the risk-relevant propensities assessed by the Acute-2007. The factor analyses supported a one-factor model; however, additional analyses found that two factors (i.e., Approach and Collapse factors) were differentially related to other similar risk measures and recidivism. In Study 2, sex offenders were found to decrease on risk-relevant propensities during the course of community supervision. Higher risk offenders were found to change less than lower risk offenders on the Acute-2007 total scores after controlling for initial scores. The rate
of offender change also significantly differed across supervision officers on behavioural indicators of intention to reoffend (Approach total scores) but not indicators of coping skills (Collapse total scores). Exploratory analyses found clear incremental effects of initial and reassessed scores for the prediction of any recidivism. The findings support the Acute-2007 as assessing dynamic, changeable risk-relevant propensities for offending. Additional studies would be required to identify the best methods of integrating change in risk assessments of sex offenders.


title: Does Canada Have a Hidden 'Wealthfare' System?:  The Policy History and Household Use of Tax-Preferred Savings Instruments in Canada

abstract:
Canada has account-based, tax-preferred savings instruments that are delivered through the financial services sector and that receive generous support through federal income tax incentives and direct transfers. In this thesis, I ask whether there is adequate evidence to treat this set of tax-preferred savings instruments as a hidden welfare system, and, whether the system is progressive or regressive in distributing public support for individual or household saving and accumulation of assets. The thesis presents three different studies of the set of tax-preferred instruments: a history of
each instrument, an  analysis of household data on ownership and allocations, an exploratory qualitative study that explores consumer perceptions, understanding and use of these savings instruments.


title: Multi-Antenna System Performance and Impairments in Long Term Evolution Radio Access Networks Using the Extended Spatial Channel Model

abstract:
LTE is being deployed to meet consumer demand for high bit rate mobile wireless. This thesis studies 3 areas of wireless communications; phase noise, Doppler and link adaptation, and multi-antenna system  performance. The thesis focuses on the performance of 4 base-station (BS) antennas, simulation results using 3GPP's spatial channel model and the effects of impairments and configurations on the downlink. The best performing antennas evaluated are the 4-transmitter, 4-port, correlated cross-polarized BS antennas when TM4's CLSM is used. Despite added overhead, 4 antennas provides
gain over 2 antennas due to beamforming. When only 2-ports are available, TM3's OLSM outperforms TM4 as UE velocity increases, since 2-port TM3 is less dependent on CSI. Link adaptation latency contributes to degradation starting at low velocity. In addition, high-speed train simulations show throughput degradation at 350km/hr. Finally, the downlink is subjected to phase noise to show the effect of generated and measured phase noise.


title: The Rhetoric of Dominion Income Taxation and the Modern Political Imaginary in Canada, 1910-1945

abstract:
This thesis uses Quentin Skinner’s study of rhetoric to interrogate the origins of the modern political imaginary in Canada between 1910 and 1945. The Dominion taxing power was the object of a sustained rhetorical critique in the early 20th century, in which the Liberal and Conservative party identities, built around the protective tariff in the post-Confederation era, were slowly weakened and supplemented with a new representation of difference: the left-right spectrum. Beginning in 1910 with the Grain Growers’ Guide, the nationalist resonances of the Dominion tariff were cast as duplicitous
distractions from exploitation and fiscal inefficiency. During the First World War, this characterization of the tariff and the political differences it produced became tied to demands for ‘conscription of wealth,’ as the basis of a fairer and more democratic political culture. A species of what Ian McKay calls a “people’s enlightenment,” this critique resulted in the first Dominion income tax, the Income War Tax of 1917. A Dominion income tax introduced the new possibility of transferring income that had been taxed progressively from one region to another. The catastrophic economic
depression of the 1930s exposed the weakness of the tariff as a fiscal instrument; a more powerful Dominion income tax was cast as the necessary solution to the crisis, and was duly introduced in 1941 and 1942. With these changes, income taxation became a universal burden and the possible basis for large-scale Dominion social programs like the Family Allowances – a combination that Shirley Tillotson calls “the citizenship of contribution.” In recognition of this new possibility, party programs for the redistribution of income were aligned on a left-right spectrum. The displacement of the old
party system and the establishment of the new spectrum were both examples of what is here termed political modernism, creating a new and modern political imaginary for a democratic politics of redistribution.


title: Indigenous Peoples, Civilization and the Expansion of International Society: An 'Inter-Societal Perspective

abstract: Until recently, the expansion of international society has been depicted as the linear projection of European norms and values into the non-European world; specifically, Westphalian norms and values. Increasingly however, critical English School scholars – amongst others – have begun to critique this perspective, noting that the evolution of international society has been constituted through the interaction between expanding European empires and the non-European peoples they came into contact with. Edward Keene (2002), for instance, argues that the norms and values that underpin international society are the product of imperialism. Problematically however, many of these accounts tend to overlook the long-term negative effects of these norms and values, focusing instead on how they established the foundations for a cosmopolitan society of states. This dissertation reflects critically on these types of arguments, through an historical analysis of Indigenous-state relations. Specifically, it asks: What role have state-Indigenous relations had in constructing the colonial legacies of the discourse on civilization? And, what are the implications of this for understanding the relationship between international and world society in International Relations theory? Through this analysis, this dissertation contribute to IR theory in three ways: 1) by supplementing the English School’s focus on intra-societal relations with greater attention paid to ‘inter-societal’ relations; 2) by establishing a space for dialogue between the English School and Postcolonialism; and 3) by ‘decolonizing’ English School theory, challenging its Eurocentric and state-centric assumptions.


title: Autonomous Mobile Robot Positioning using Unscented HydridSLAM

abstract:
Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) is a process in which a mobile robot travels through an environment and concurrently makes a momentary map of the environment and uses that map to localize itself. The simultaneous localization and mapping is currently one of the most challenging problems in the field of autonomous mobile robots and providing a solution to SLAM may open doors to the world of truly autonomous robots. The most significant contribution of this dissertation is to provide a novel approach to Simultaneous Localization and Mapping problem in extensive outdoor environments
and based on estimation approach. The new approach is called Unscented HybridSLAM filter which presents a consistent mathematical model out of a rigorous probabilistic Bayesian-based framework. It is theoretically proven that the map converges and how the new approach can handle correlations that arise between error in motion and error in observation. It is also shown that there is no need for a large storage of information since the inherent structure of Unscented HybridSLAM does not require memory as much as its counterpart filters. The map evolution of the new algorithm is examined in
detail as well as its performance. The new approach is compared to currently used algorithms in particular EKF-SLAM, FastSLAM, and HybridSLAM and results are probed and discussed in different simulated scenarios. Together, the theoretical modeling and simulations results prove the consistency of Unscented HybridSLAM and show that it is possible to apply Unscented HybridSLAM as an alternative algorithm for real implementations.


title: The Perfect Political Storm? The Tea Party Movement, the Redefinition of the Digital Political Mediascape, and the Birth of Online Politicking 3.0.

abstract:
This doctoral dissertation examines the growing impact of the two converging dynamics that are responsible for the reconfiguration of the online and, to some extent, real-world political communication, mobilization and organizing dynamic in the United States in recent years. These two converging dynamics, which constitute the core of the online politicking 3.0 model, are the grassroots-intensive uncontrolled decentralization and hyper-fragmentation of digital politicking. It is argued in this dissertation that the Tea Party movement is one of the first large scale manifestations of online
politicking 3.0 in the United States.
In order to illustrate this point, this dissertation offers an extensive quantitative content analysis of slightly more than 1.7 million tweets with at least one #teaparty hashtag that were posted on Twitter’s public timeline between December 9, 2009 and March 19, 2011, a time period roughly coinciding with the 2010 Midterm U.S. election cycle. A heuristic review of some facets of #teaparty tweets is also conducted in order to contextualize some of the quantitative data. This dissertation concludes that the the communication, organizing and organizing
impact of the Tea Party is likely to be felt in the future. It is expected to have deep transformational effects on the structure of the political mediascape and, to a broader extent, on participatory engagement patterns in the United States and many other national contexts over the next decade.


title: Ecology of Stress in the Tropical Coastal Marine Fish, the Checkered Puffer (Sphoeroides Testudineus)

abstract:
It is imperative that we understand the physiological, behavioural and ecological consequences of stress in wild animals. This thesis presents an integrative and multidisciplinary study on the ecology of stress in a tropical coastal marine fish, the checkered pufferfish (Sphoeroides testudineus). By incorporating physiological and behavioural tools, I quantified individual variation in the glucocorticoid (GC) stress response and established a negative relationship between the GC stress response and two established fitness proxies of the pufferfish (chapter 2). GCs were then experimentally
elevated for the purpose of investigating the thermal-related consequences on the pufferfish in the laboratory and in their natural coastal habitat (chapter 3). Various consequences were documented including fluctuating GCs and weakened fitness proxies to thermal shock, and minor variations in ecosystem dynamics. As a whole, this thesis improves our understanding of the ecology of stress in a wild tropical fish population.


title: The Perception of Periods: A Qualitative Study into the Experience of, and Attitudes Towards, Menstruation and Menstrual Suppression

abstract:
This study examines women’s experiences of, and attitudes towards, menstruation and menstrual suppression. Using a grounded theory, approach one-on-one interviews with women highlight common motives behind the decision making process to manipulate and/or suppress menstrual cycles through use of hormonal contraception. While current advertisements by pharmaceutical companies for contraceptives work to be an influencer for menstrual suppression, they often fail to portray accurate representations of women and women’s lives. Instead of being influenced by these advertisements, women are more and
more commonly utilizing health care professionals, the Internet and friends as sources of information about contraception and menstrual suppression. This study highlights the contradictions experienced by women who wish to use hormonal contraceptives to continuously alleviate pain associated with menstruation, or for contraceptive purposes, but are hesitant about the presence of synthetic hormones in their bodies. While convenience is attractive, many women prefer to remain natural.


title: Ghrelin - The Defender of Fat in the Face of Stress: Implications in Obesity Treatment

abstract: Chronic activation of the stress response can lead to a number of metabolic disturbances such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, Type II diabetes and car- diovascular disease. The exact mechanisms underlying these metabolic changes are currently uncharacterized. Traditionally, many of these effects have been at- tributed to the increased levels of circulating glucocorticoids (cortisol in humans and corticosterone in rodents) as a function of hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis hyperactivity. However, recent evidence suggests that the gut de- rived hormone ghrelin may be a key contributor to the physiological changes generated in response to chronic stress. Ghrelin is a gut-brain peptide that promotes appetite and the accumulation of adipose tissue by encouraging the utilization of carbohydrates as a fuel source, while sparing fat tissue. Inter- estingly, plasma ghrelin concentrations increase in response to stressful stimuli, and remain elevated following cessation of the stressor. The present thesis was aimed at investigating the role of ghrelin in mediating stress-induced metabolic changes. In addition, this thesis explores the efficacy of potential therapeutic treatments of stress-induced metabolic disorders. Overall, the data presented in this thesis suggests that ghrelin elicits an increase in caloric intake in response to stress while promoting the utilization of carbohydrates as a fuel source. Central ghrelin signalling is required to elicit the metabolic consequences of a chronic social defeat stress. Increased ghrelin secretion in response to stress caused a significant increase in visceral adipose tissue and produced a hormonal profile indicative of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Animals lacking a functional ghrelin signalling system do not show these metabolic changes. Pharmacologi- cal blockade of ghrelin with a putative GOAT inhibitor was sufficient to reduce stress-induced ghrelin secretion and subsequent caloric intake, thereby improv- ing the metabolic outcome of a chronic social defeat stress paradigm.


title: Integrals, Jump-Diffusion Processes and Monte Carlo Simulation

abstract:
This master thesis is to fulfill the curiosity in how special characteristics of Brownian motion motivate the development of Ito calculus from Stieltjes integral.  We will see the general Stieltjes integral theories and how the concept of p-variation plays a determining role and the case where the fractional Brownian motion can also be an integrator under the Stieltjes scope. Then we will give a tour of the distinctive traits of Brownian motion and how they mark the necessity to evolve a new Ito integral. Subsequently, we expand the integrator in Ito integral to jump-diffusion processes.
Thereafter, we see how these new stochastic processes play a role in modelling financial assets and how sample paths of these stochastic processes can be generated using simulation and examplify the fact that Jump-Diffusion models are improvements from classical Black-Scholes-Merton model to incorporate the fat tail effects exhibited in empricial financial data.


title: Animal Camouflage: Disentangling Disruptive Coloration from Background Matching

abstract:
Camouflage is ubiquitous in the natural world and provides adaptive benefits to both predators and their prey. In this study I test concepts of animal camouflage using the experimental paradigm of humans foraging for real and artificial moth targets on a computer screen and assessed camouflage efficacy by measuring detection rates. Chapter 1 outlines the questions and objectives of this doctoral thesis. In Chapter 2 I introduce the phenomenon of disruptive coloration, followed by a brief-review of the visual mechanisms contributing to visual search. Chapter 3 tested if non-random orientation
behaviour of moths in the field could be explained by behaviourally-mediated camouflage. I showed that the preferred field-orientations of moths were associated with lower detection rates in the lab, and that the relative orientation of the moth to the tree was the key driver. Chapter 4 tested the fundamental assumption that disruptive coloration functions by impairing shape perception. It was predicted that if edge-intersecting patches are disruptive, then altering the shape of a target would interact with edge coloration. Artificial moth-like targets did show an interaction between edge
coloration and target shape, which explained detectability. These findings suggest that effectiveness of camouflage due to edge markings is dependent on target shape, which further supports the hypothesis that edge markings function as disruptive coloration. Chapter 5 took a similar approach to chapter 4 but tested if there was an interaction between edge coloration and target boundary visibility, which could explain detectability of moth-like targets.  Results from Chapters 4 and 5 suggest that shape and boundary properties play a role in disruptive function of edge markings. Chapter 6
tested how this might occur. It is thought that edge-intersecting patches impair object recognition. It was predicted that moth-like targets with more edge-intersecting patches would be harder to recognise. Recognition was characterised by human foveal vision, monitored by eye-tracking. Indeed, targets with a larger number of edge-intersecting patches were associated with being difficult to recognise, and reduced detectability even at the expense of background matching.


title: Parallel Real-Time OLAP On Cloud Platforms

abstract:
Successful organizations increasingly rely on data analysis to develop new opportunities,
guide business strategies and optimize resources. Online analytical processing (OLAP)
systems are one of the most powerful technologies to provide the ability to interactively
analyze multidimensional data from multiple perspectives. In this thesis we designed a new data structure, the PDCR-tree, that work on distributed systems providing low-latency transactions processing even for very complex queries. Using a PDCR-tree we demonstrate how to build a real-time OLAP system on a cloud based distributed
platform called CR-OLAP. The CR-OLAP can be built using an m+1 machine scalable architecture so as the system load increases, the number of machines, m, can be increased to improve performance. Experiments show the system can process a query with 60% data coverage on a database with 80 million data tuples with a response time 0.3 seconds or less, well within the parameters of a real-time system.


title: Good for the Heart and Soul, Good for Business: The Cultural Politics of Documentary at the Hot Docs Film Festival

abstract:
This dissertation looks at the ways in which the Toronto-based Hot Docs documentary film festival is undergoing a process of transforming documentary cinema and culture from the margins to the mainstream through a process of the commercialization of documentary. In particular three interlocking forces are examined, including populism, consumerism and liberalism. By privileging commercial interests and strategies over local community, advocacy and political activist considerations, Hot Docs is developing into a very successful and vital cultural institution and event, both nationally and
globally. This thesis investigates the consequences of the festival’s commercial strategy with two aspects in mind—the mode of its consumption, and the management of contestation and dissent—and argues that radical perspectives, local advocacy and political participation are being eroded for the sake of a large, accessible and attractive festival image and performance.


title: The General Counsel, Gatekeeping, and the Investor Public: Uneasy Bedfellows?

abstract:
This thesis examines the role of the general counsel across Canadian and American comparisons, specifically with reference to Enron, Livent, and Hollinger cases of fraud. General Counsel is in a unique position as both a business executive, and a law professional that can mediate their ethical obligations as a professional, as well as their fiduciary obligations as a corporate executive. Two models of responsibility will be examined: that of transaction engineer, and that of gatekeeper. Transaction engineer is primarily situated as a means of maximizing value for the corporation through the
general counsel’s legal expertise, and this can include “loophole lawyering”. Counsel may be failing to provide adequate representation for corporate fiduciary responsibilities, as well as their ethical responsibility to not undermine the law in the pursuit of aggressive competitive advantage and short-term profit.


title: The Road to Grandma's House:  The Daily Experiences of Economically Disadvantaged Elderly Women in Rural and Urban Ottawa

abstract:
Elders are the fastest growing segment of the Canadian population; yet, little is written about their lives. Using an intersectional analysis, I conducted qualitative interviews with economically disadvantaged elderly women in the Ottawa area to try and uncover the daily experiences of being a woman who is both elderly and living in poverty. My research argues that elderly women are invisible in Canada and that the consequence of this erasure is that we fail to recognize the ways in which economically disadvantaged elderly women are incredibly resilient and resourceful. However, I caution
against simply praising their resiliency. Instead, I advise a critical examination of the systemic barriers that force elderly women to work so hard to survive.
Keywords: intersectionality, feminist gerontology, poverty, elderly, rural, urban


title: Characterization of a PEDOT:PSS Electrolytic Device Using an in situ Spectroelectrochemical Technique

abstract:
PEDOT:PSS, a conjugated polymer, has demonstrated great potential in emerging applications due to its variable conductivity and spectral attenuation. However, it is necessary to understand the relationship between these properties and the doping state of PEDOT:PSS. This work uses an in situ spectroelectrochemical experiment to measure conductance and spectral attenuation of PEDOT:PSS while being dedoped quasi-statically with lithium ions. Results show a reversible decrease in conductivity during dedoping with a maximum on/off ratio of 2500. The relationship between conductivity and doping
state displays a sigmoidal shape with minimum conductivity at ~1.2mC of intercalated charge. Migration speed of lithium through PEDOT:PSS was found to have a power-law speed-time relationship, where the exponent was on average 0.715 for applied voltages of 2V-5V. This work provides important parameters to facilitate simulation of complex PEDOT:PSS polymer-electrolyte devices.


title: Improvement in Metal-on-Metal Bearing of Hip Implants with Advanced Stellite Alloys

abstract:
CoCrMo alloy Stellite 21 has been used as hip implant material decades. However, its limited metal-on-metal bearing has resulted in loosening in hip implants. Three advanced alloys, Stellite 720, Stellite 21 with increased 10 wt%Cr (named modified Stellite 21) and Stellite 21 with additional 0.4 ~ 0.6 wt%CrN (named nitrided Stellite 21), are proposed in this research to improve the bearing. The wear test is performed on a pin-on-disc tribometer. The corrosion tests are conducted in the simulated human body environment. The results demonstrate that the proposed alloys all exhibit better wear
resistance than the conventional Stellite 21. The corrosion resistance of modified Stellite 21 is much better than that of Stellite 21 while Stellite 720 and nitrided Stellite 21 are worse than Stellite 21 in corrosion resistance. Modified Stellite 21 with combined superior wear and corrosion resistance properties is highly recommended.


title: Mobilization and redistribution of phosphate and rare earth elements in the weathering zone above Panda Hill carbonatite, SW Tanzania

abstract:
Petrographic and geochemical studies of a 12m deep weathering profile above the Cretaceous Panda Hill carbonatite, southwest Tanzania, indicate that leaching of calcite from the primary carbonatite has led to the accumulation of apatite in the saprolite zone. Ba, Sr and REEs from the carbonatite, and Al, Fe and Si from country rocks have been transported by groundwater and redeposited in secondary phosphates, Fe oxides, and secondary quartz.
Most of the phosphate at Panda Hill is contained in apatite. Alteration of apatite has enabled Ba, Sr and the REEs to substitute for Ca, and S04 for P04 in the apatite structure. Such substitutions, along with the addition of Al, have led to the formation of goyazite and svanbergite. Rhabdophane was also identified. All of these minerals are concentrated in the saprolite zone. Synchysite was identified in the carbonatite.


title: The Impact of Socio-cultural Issues on Mature Women and Alcohol Use in Glasgow, Scotland: An Anthropological Exploration

abstract:
This thesis explores the connection between women’s health and alcohol consumption in Glasgow, Scotland. The purpose of the project is to investigate how social, economic and other factors affect women’s alcohol consumption, and whether or not female alcohol consumption has a direct effect on women’s ill-health in Glasgow, Scotland. The data gleaned from participant observation and semi-structured interviewing of thirteen Glaswegian women provide evidence that female alcohol consumption is inseparable from issues of gender, identity, class, and power. The data will be examined using three
unique levels of analysis: the individual, the societal, and the institutional. Such an examination helps to capture the lived reality of Glaswegian women. Furthermore, it situates women's alcohol use in the contemporary context of Scotland's political economy. Finally, the thesis concludes with a discussion of women’s alcohol use in Glasgow and its connection to the ‘Glasgow Effect’.


title: Do malware warnings reduce the likelihood of installing bad software?  The case of the Trojan Horse

abstract:
My research focused on increasing computer security by reducing users’ likelihood of installing Trojan Horses: malware hiding inside attractive software. Social cognition research suggests that reading security warnings in software reviews could reduce the likelihood of installing malware. In Study 1, 43 undergraduates viewed user reviews of hypothetical games. Half the reviews were malware warnings. Ratings of the warnings’ strength were used to select strong and weak warnings for Study 2. In Study 2, 45 undergraduates viewed reviews of real computer games. I manipulated the strength and
number of warnings in the reviews. Results showed the likelihood of installing a game was influenced by both the number and strength of malware warnings in reviews: two warnings reduced ratings of installation likelihood more than did one warning; strong warnings reduced the ratings more than did weak ones. Implications and limitations of the findings for social contributions to computer security are discussed.


title: Leveraging Collective Intelligence in Participatory Design Research Using Information and Communications Technology

abstract:
Design is in the midst of undergoing significant changes in its potential to engage large crowds of people using information and communications technology (ICT) in participatory processes. As design becomes increasingly tasked with playing a role in improving the human condition, it must determine how to best engage existing diverse knowledge from crowds and evolve beyond traditional design approaches to solve non-traditional problems. The notion of using information and communication technologies for development (ICT4D) to aggregate diverse knowledge within participatory processes represents
great promise, yet it must be better understood in an emerging design landscape. This research combines leading perspectives into a set of comprehensive guidelines to inform the use of ICT within participatory design research capable of engaging the collective intelligence of participants. It also documents the exploration and evidence of a social movement known as ‘Idle No More’ as potential for a future application of these guidelines.


title: Design Research for Instructional Graphics: A Focus on Fall Prevention Exercises for Older Adults

abstract:
Falls are a major cause of injury in old age and the leading reason for loss of independence. Regular exercise lowers the risk of falls among the elderly. The elderly display little motivation towards exercise programs. The objective of this interdisciplinary research is to explore the role that design research can play in increasing seniors’ motivation towards exercise, by creating recommendations for engaging exercise instructions. In order to investigate the role of design elements in exercise instructions, mixed research methods were utilized. The key findings of this research include,
figure representations; acknowledge the benefits of exercise; and take advantage of the positive opportunities for exercising while multi-tasking. The findings resulted in design recommendations for exercise instructions that, when applied, could enhance motivation towards physical activity. Designers may use the findings from this research study as a guide for designing instructional graphics that contribute to motivating seniors in fall prevention exercise.


title: The Dendroclimatic Signal in White Spruce (Picea Glauca) Ring-Widths, Central Northwest Territories

abstract:
White spruce samples were collected at 10 sites along a latitudinal gradient in the central Northwest Territories near treeline. Extending to 1643, the chronologies represent the oldest tree ring-width records in the region. Composite chronologies were developed: COMP1 is composed of five sites situated in the northern part of the sampling area; COMP2 is composed of the three southernmost sites. Growth patterns of COMP1 and COMP2 are highly synchronous until the 1930s. After the 1930s, COMP1 exhibits increasing growth, while COMP2 exhibits decreasing growth. COMP1 is positively correlated
with summer temperatures and precipitation. COMP2 is inversely correlated with summer temperatures and May precipitation. Rising temperatures may have caused landscape scale patterns of moisture stress at COMP2 sites and improved growing conditions at COMP1 sites. The earlier onset of the growing season is hypothesized to have shifted the limiting factor for growth of COMP1 from July to June precipitation at ~1977.


title: Network Analysis of The Evolution of an Open Source Development Community

abstract:
This research investigated the evolution of an open source development community by undertaking network analysis across time. Several open source communities have been previously studied using network analysis techniques, including Apache, Debian, Drupal, Python, and SourceForge. However, only static snapshots of the network were considered by previous research. In this research, we created a tool that can help researchers and practitioners to find out how the Eclipse development community dynamically evolved over time. The input dataset was collected from the Eclipse Foundation, and then the
evolution of the Eclipse development community was visualized and analyzed by using different network analysis techniques. Six network analysis techniques were applied: (i) visualization, (ii) weight filtering, (iii) degree centrality, (iv) eigenvector centrality, (v) betweenness centrality, and (vi) closeness centrality. Results include the benefits of performing multiple techniques in combination, and the analysis of the evolution of an open source development community.


title: Implementation of a Drop Test Impact Rig for Dynamic Testing of High Speed Craft Shock Mitigation Seats and Extraction of Modal Parameters

abstract:
The high-g loads occurring at the seat-deck interface locations during slam impacts experienced on high-speed crafts in moderate to high seas results in serious potential for injury to the occupants.  The need for a standard testing platform and experimental analysis to investigate a seat's effectiveness forms the major objective of research being carried out by Carleton University's Applied Dynamics Laboratory (ADL) in partnership with Defence Research and Development Canada-Atlantic (DRDC-Atlantic). A drop tower was designed and manufactured by the ADL for testing seats in order
to characterize their shock mitigating effectiveness by simulating the severe conditions of a slam impact at sea through the use of singular impact testing. Further, in order to identify the seats' dynamic parameters from drop test data, the Eigensystem Realization Algorithm (ERA), a modal-analysis-based system identification method, was applied to two commercial shock-mitigating seats provided by DRDC-Atlantic.


title: Bendy: An Exploration into Gaming with Mobile Flexible Devices

abstract: We explore gaming with mobile flexible devices through a comprehensive study. We conducted two experiments with two commonly sized mobile devices. The first experiment created user-defined bend gestures from a set of tasks derived from gaming. The results suggest pairing opposing events by gesture location, little differences in gestures performed on two sized devices and interaction paradigms relating to the Simon Effect. The results of the first experiment were summarized and provided guidelines for the design of the game controls used in the second experiment. We implemented the userdefined gestures into 6 games using an interactive flexible prototype. Usability and user experience were evaluated and we find an overall preference for the small size, identified an important usability issue related to hand position and interaction paradigms regarding the Simon Effect and bimanual input. Finally, we propose a set of design recommendations for flexible device interactions and game designers.


title: The Patronage Effect: Civil Service Reforms, Job-Seeking, and State Formation in Victorian Canada

abstract:
Patronage, in the mid- and late-nineteenth century, was central to Canadian politics. This period also witnessed a series of debates concerning the civil service and a range of reforms that attempted to eliminate patronage. This dissertation argues that, more than debates about administration and appointments, these were also struggles over how to construct the ideal civil servant and civil service. These were highly political issues that were beset by processes of inclusion and exclusion, especially with respect to gender, class, and race. In short, these were debates about the many facets
of liberal governmentality and state formation in early modern Canada.
This dissertation also analyzes letters to federal politicians asking for appointments. Among other things, these documents expressed a range of opinions on how the bureaucracy should be managed, staffed and constructed. Letters asking for patronage also demonstrated how aspiring public servants understood and expected the appointment process to work. These letters reflected what type of people should have access to the civil service, and what type of people the applicants thought they were. As such, they informed and
were themselves informed by broader political and administrative debates. These politics of Canadian patronage, I argue, were central to the everyday processes of state formation.


title: The Influence of Desiccation and Stress History on Monotonic and Cyclic Shear Response of Thickened Gold Tailings

abstract:
In thickened tailings technology, tailings are dewatered to the point where they exhibit a yield stress such that they form gently sloping stacks during deposition. Post-deposition, these tailings may densify due to settling, desiccation, and drainage. Fresh tailings subsequently deposited over the desiccated layer and this procedure is continued to facilitate construction of a stable stack. Tailings placed in the stack therefore undergo variable stress histories in terms of degree of desiccation and consolidation. A better understanding of the effects of this stress history on the
geotechnical behaviour would lead to safe and economical designs. Most common design objectives in thickened tailings deposition are to improve stability, minimize deformation during earthquakes, facilitate reclamation, and maximize the deposition volume (stack slope).
This study investigated the influence of stress history on the monotonic and cyclic shear strength of thickened tailings. The field deposition process was simulated by desiccating layers to different degrees, and subsequently overlaying them with fresh tailings. This was done in a small column, as well as in a 0.7 m by 1 m
plan “drying box”, in which 5 layers were subsequently deposited, desiccated to different degrees, before placement of the next layer. Extracted samples were consolidated prior to shearing under simple shear and triaxial loading modes. Vane shear tests were also employed to complement the experiments. The effects of overconsolidation ratio (OCR) associated with desiccation and mechanical loading were also compared.
A profound effect of the degree of desiccation on the stress-strain behaviour of the tailings was measured. Tailings that have not experienced any desiccation exhibit
strain-softening response under simple shear loading. A small degree of desiccation was enough to transform the response from contractive to dilative, and generally the degree of strain hardening increased with the degree of desiccation. Desiccated samples also exhibited more stiffness, and had a higher void ratio at a given consolidation pressure, than non-desiccated samples. These results have practical relevance, as the contribution of desiccation stress history has either been previously discounted or underestimated at best.


title: Dissident Words, Western Voices: The Relationship Between Samizdat and Radio Liberty During Detente

abstract:
Détente was a period of reorientation for Soviet society. Samizdat literature was one of the primary sources of information about the dissident community available outside the Soviet Union. The western-backed station Radio Liberty saw the value of samizdat early on, and incorporated these documents into their broadcasts. A symbiotic relationship developed between samizdat and Radio Liberty and this relationship affected the aims of both groups. Their relationship encouraged the transmission of information across Soviet borders and promoted awareness of dissident issues within the greater
Soviet population. This thesis examines the relationship between samizdat and Radio Liberty, and its influence on Soviet society during détente.


title: A Closer Examination of the Relation Between Child Shyness and Academic Performance in China

abstract:
The purpose of the current study was to explore the relations between child shyness and academic achievement in China. Participants were 597 elementary school children aged 8 to 11 years who attended 5 randomly selected public elementary schools in Shanghai, China. Shyness was assessed by peer nomination and a newly translated self-report measure. Children also self-reported indices of their socio-emotional functioning. Academic achievement was assessed across domains and via multiple informants. Results revealed a number of significant associations between self-reported child shyness,
socio-emotional functioning, and indices of academic achievement. The newly-developed self-report measure of shyness demonstrated good psychometric properties. Self-reported shyness was significantly negatively associated with all academic outcome variables. Further, academic achievement was found to significantly moderate the relation between shyness and peer rejection such that the relation between these two variables increased at lower levels of academic achievement and decreased at higher levels of academic achievement.


title: Interleaved Sequences Over Finite Fields

abstract:
We study cryptographic properties such as correlation, correlation measure and linear complexity profile of the sequences defined by characters with interleaved structure.
Families of pseudorandom sequences with low cross correlation have important applications in communications and cryptography. Among several known constructions of sequences with low cross
correlation, interleaved constructions proposed by Gong use two sequences of the same period with two-level autocorrelation. We generalize the interleaved algorithm and construct some families of interleaved sequences. We study the
balance property and the cross correlation of the interleaved sequences.
Then we interleave two m-ary sequences of integer periods. We study the power correlation measure of order k (with bound B) of the interleaved m-ary sequences. A relation between the linear complexity profile and the power correlation measure of order $ with bound $ is also provided.
For applications in communications sequences with a small alphabet size are often required. We define a new class of sequences over the set of complex numbers with unit magnitude (and 0) which have small alphabet size, long period
and almost perfect autocorrelation. Sequences with low correlation property or zero correlation property around the origin can be used in such systems for reducing multiple-access interference. Such sequence sets are called low correlation zone (LCZ) or zero correlation zone (ZCZ) sequence sets (families), respectively. A new family of interleaved polyphase sequences is constructed using the newly defined sequences as the base sequences and the shift sequence being a Costas sequence. We find the ZCZ of this constructed family of interleaved polyphase sequences.
A family of sequences
constructed by shift-adding one two-prime generator of order 2 sequence, is also studied.


title: Strengthening the Integration of Traditional Knowledge in Environmental Impact Assessment: An Analysis of Inuit Place Names near Steensby Inlet, NU

abstract:
Environmental impact assessments are a key policy tool in the mitigation of eco-systemic and cultural risk due to resource development. They are of increasing importance as climate change creates demand for the expansion of northern resource development. In the North, innovative approaches are needed to ensure that Inuit values and concerns are reflected in environmental and economic decision-making. In the eastern Arctic, the Nunavut Impact Review Board has recognized the importance of both scientific and traditional knowledge to this task. Inuit place names are a form of traditional
knowledge that has rarely been leveraged in environmental assessment despite their indication of historical land-use, ecological resources, and areas of cultural value. Through a case study of the Mary River iron mine project near Steensby Inlet, NU, this thesis examines the potential contributions of an analysis of Inuit place names to the scoping phase of environmental impact assessment.


title: "Give me one reason why this is true": A multimodal investigation of the strategies used by university teachers of mathematics to elicit responses from students

abstract: This study aims to broaden the current understanding of undergraduate university mathematics teaching by conducting a multimodal analysis of video-recorded segments of classroom teaching by an experienced professor and a less experienced Teaching Assistant. The study focuses on the participants’ use of discursive strategies and multimodal features as they are used to elicit responses from students. The analysis is conducted through the qualitative multimodal thematic coding of video-recorded segments, and audio transcripts, and with the quantitization of the participants’ strategies used to elicit student responses. Findings show that despite variance in the teaching location, educational backgrounds, and levels of experience of the participants, the discursive and multimodal strategies that they use during teaching are remarkably similar; in other words, the participants use the same genre of teaching undergraduate mathematics. Conclusions present undergraduate mathematics teaching as a complex, multimodal, and wholly interactive genre of teaching.


title: Distributed Multimodal Interaction Protocol: Enabling Transport of Distributed Interactions

abstract: Increasingly the world has ubiquitous access to mobile, personal technology provided through a variety of hardware form factors; smartphones, tablets, and more. Despite this, the ability to use these personal devices to control and interact with remote technology is limited further progress is mired by proprietary technologies that places this form of remote access technology in isolated software silos. This project provides an open standard networking protocol to enable transport of multimodal interactions between disparate endpoints, with minimal reliance on the personal devices’ software or hardware platform. This allows technology enablers to more easily design, develop, deploy and maintain flexible software solutions. Simplifying the software development life cycle allows for more access to technology by end users and can increase the resources available for user experience considerations. The defined protocol is validated through a number of sample implementation tests and by verifying its ability to transport multimodal interaction information.


title: Essays on Horizontal Merger Analysis

abstract:
This dissertation consists of three essays that study the economic impact of horizontal mergers. Chapters 1 and 2 address the merger paradox about merger profitability. We examine two oligopoly models of both price and quantity competition and demonstrate that mergers are profitable under certain conditions. We analyze in Chapter 1 the effects of mergers when every firm in the market faces a capacity constraint. We show that a merger has no effect on equilibrium prices and profits if pure-strategy equilibrium prevails both before and after the merger. Otherwise prices increase and the merger
is profitable. Specifically if mixed-strategy equilibrium prevails both before and after the merger, the support of the price distribution will shift upward, and the post-merger price distribution of each firm will dominate its pre-merger price distribution.
We show in Chapter 2 that product differentiation can also resolve the merger paradox associated with quantity competition by broadening the range of parameters over which mergers are profitable. To be more specific, we demonstrate that a merger is profitable if the number of competitors is small, and if the substitutability is high
between the insiders but low between each insider and the outsiders. The post-merger prices of the insiders are higher when the substitutability is higher between the insiders or lower between each insider and the outsiders.
Chapter 3 extends the model in Chapter 2 to study how efficiencies affect post-merger equilibrium. We consider a situation where a merger reduces the marginal cost of the merging firms. We find that, depending on the degree of substitutability between the merging products, efficiencies can have opposite effects on post-merger prices. When the degree of substitutability
is sufficiently high, efficiencies tend to reduce post-merger prices, as the conventional wisdom suggests. However, if the degree of substitutability is lower, efficiencies have the unconventional effect of raising the post-merger prices. In this case, prices rise with efficiencies and might be eventually pushed up above the pre-merger level as efficiencies grow. Our analysis suggests that measures such as pass-through rate and the UPP test might lead to misleading conclusions regarding the price effects of a merger.


title: Antipredator Defence and the Evolution of Senescence in Lepidoptera

abstract:
Senescence, defined as a reduction in physiological function, fecundity or survivorship with age, is a nearly ubiquitous phenomenon which nonetheless presents an apparent evolutionary paradox, since individuals that did not senesce would seemingly have a selective advantage over those that do.  This paradox is resolved by evolutionary theory in terms of life history trade-offs, since selection is expected to favour benefits early in life even if they are associated with costs late in life.  In this research project, I explored one of the fundamental predictions of the evolutionary theory of
senescence: that increased predation should select for increased rates of senescence and therefore reduced longevity.  In particular, I tested the prediction that aposematism (conspicuous coloration paired with chemical defence) should be associated with lower predation rates than other strategies such as crypsis (or camouflage), and this should lead to lower senescence rates and higher longevity in aposematic species.
	My research program addressed two broad questions: first, are there differences in predation-related mortality between cryptic and aposematic prey, and second, what are the
implications of these differences (or lack thereof) for the evolution of senescence?  Predation rates were compared using field experiments with artificial prey and wild predators, and included a test of a specific theory of post-reproductive senescence based on kin selection.  My results indicated that there was little support for the kin selection mechanism of post-reproductive senescence, however there was some support for the more general mechanism of differential predation rates between aposematic and cryptic prey.
	The relationship between defence and senescence was explored in two
ways: by fitting senescence models to demographic data from Lepidoptera, and by building a simulated population which evolved longevity in the presence of predation.


title: Development of a Spacial Dynamic Handling and Securing Model for Shipboard Helicopters

abstract:
Maritime helicopters have the ability to greatly increase the range of influence and utility of naval vessels. For smaller ships in rough seas, flight deck motion becomes considerable and additional infrastructure is required for securing and traversing helicopters while on-deck. The current state-of-the-art in dynamic modelling of the on-deck helicopter/ship dynamic interface includes a fully spacial securing simulation and one capable of modelling planar manoeuvring operations. A fully spacial securing and manoeuvring simulation named SSMASH (Spacial Securing and Manoeuvring Analysis for
Shipboard Helicopters) has been developed to provide complete analysis capability of the on-deck helicopter/ship dynamic interface. A new capability to model helicopter response to manoeuvring events in the presence of flight deck motion is realized. The SSMASH simulation is modeled with twelve degrees-of-freedom and mass coupling between the helicopter body and wheel carriages. The model has been validated against another simulation and experimental data from land-based manoeuvring trials.


title: "Proactive Control" The Case of Community Policing in Ottawa

abstract:
The research investigates how the Ottawa Police Service operationalizes the community policing paradigm and further considers some of the benefits and challenges of the collaborative approach. The thesis argues that despite the ideals of community policing, there exist significant limitations that challenge police officers’ present capacities to engage in partnerships with the community. Such limitations include an ambiguous conceptual understanding of community policing, community mobilization efforts that are based on the assumption that communities can be readied and are willing to
participate in crime prevention programs established by the police, a traditional police structure that cannot effectively sustain community policing reforms, and an underlying police subculture that does not subscribe to proactive policing. The findings suggest that although the police department is committed to community policing, they must consider addressing the identified limitations in order to effectively operationalize community policing and maintain accountability.


title: Efficacy Before Novelty: Establishing Design Guidelines in Interactive Gaming for Rehabilitation and Training

abstract: Interactive gaming has demonstrated promise as a low-cost, at-home physiotherapy supplement. Gaming systems offer convenience and the ability to provide enhanced reporting and progress data if body measurement information is collected effectively. Current commercially available systems are not necessarily designed for rehabilitation and as a result, the quality of instruction delivery and level of involvement falls short of the needs of patients. This thesis will look at adapting for occlusion and lack of visibility; learning and orientation; and providing feedback in an effort to determine if there is an ideal visual demonstration delivery that maximizes pose understanding and user self-efficacy, determine whether supplementary modalities are important for instruction, and determine if there is an ideal feedback delivery that promotes pose comprehension, confidence and motivation. This information can provide a guideline for designing clear and supportive, interactive training or rehabilitation systems that can engage users, prevent injury and help maintain fitness.


title: Ice Island Deterioration in the Canadian Arctic: Rates, Patterns and Model Evaluation

abstract:
Knowledge regarding the deterioration processes of large tabular icebergs, known as ice islands, is limited within the Canadian Arctic. This study analyzed ice island deterioration through two aspects: 1) horizontal (areal) and 2) vertical (surface melt or ‘ablation’). Satellite images were digitized to monitor areal dimensions, classify deterioration modes and correlate deterioration rates with environmental variables. The rates of deterioration were different between the Eastern and Western Canadian Arctic regions possibly due to differences in air temperature and sea ice concentration.
Validation of operational surface ablation models was also carried out with in-situ microclimate measurements. The Canadian Ice Service iceberg model under-predicted surface ablation by 68%, while a more complete energy-balance model developed for ice islands improved output accuracy (7.5% under-prediction). These analyses will provide useful knowledge regarding the deterioration process of ice islands to offshore stakeholders for mitigation of risks associated with ice island hazards to offshore operations.


title: Numerical Study of Aeroelastic Behaviour of a Troposkien Shape Vertical Axis Wind Turbine

abstract:
A methodology for aeroelastic analysis of Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWTs) with
troposkien geometry is developed. The structural dynamic equations used in this analysis represent the behaviour of a three dimensionally curved beam in terms of generalized force and generalized displacement vectors. It is demonstrated that the mixed form of the equations lends itself well to the application of mixed finite element method. The structural dynamic equations are coupled with a free vortex based aerodynamic model. The aerodynamic model represents the wake with vortex filaments that stretch,
rotate and translate freely in the wake of the wind turbine. The computational aeroelastic framework is utilized to study the aeroelastic behavior of the 17-meter DOE-Sandia VAWT. The comparison of the estimated vibratory stress at the root of wind turbine with the experimental data reveals excellent agreement except at the region where dynamic stall plays a crucial role in predicting the aerodynamic forces.


title: The Socratic Parrhesiast As A Social Actor: Towards A More Practical Communications Category

abstract:
The field of communication has steadily increased the range of concepts and categories at its disposal for describing and analyzing its subject matter. However, in one area it has made little progress in developing an analytical repertoire: that of the actual communicator as a social type. The purpose of this thesis is to help rectify this situation by developing a workable concept of the communicator as parrhesiast. In 399 B.C.E. Socrates was accused of corrupting the youth and not believing in the gods which the city believed in. In this same year, he was found guilty and put to death. With
reference to the work of Michel Foucault, this thesis will provide a framework for identifying the parrhesiast using Plato’s Socrates as the example.


title: Competing States:  The Use of Public Policy by Minority and Majority Nations

abstract:
Since the mid-1900's, minority nationalistic movements within larger states have grown throughout the industrialized world. The rise of these minority nations' consciousness confronts their respective majority nation's self-definition. Within a given country, both the minority nation and the majority one thus engage in competition for loyalty. This competition is played out at the level of the state, that is, the minority nation's and the majority nation's governments fight for their citizens' loyalty through public policies. In order to study this phenomenon,
this dissertation examines two case studies: Catalonia in Spain and Québec in Canada. A model has been developed to describe the dynamics of competition via public policy between the minority nation and the majority nation.
Three policy areas are studied: language, foreign affairs, and immigration policy. The key element to the competition between the minority nation and the majority nation is the incrementalism of the minority nation's request for more power from the majority nation. The smaller the change required, the more the minority nation gains in the long term. Confrontation
between a minority nation's and a majority nation's governments will take place when a government thinks that it has an advantage or when it wants to advance a public policy in a significant manner. Macro-confrontation, that is, confrontation across policy fields, happens around referendums on sovereignty and periods of high political tension.
This research's objective is two-fold. First, it portends to describe competition between the minority nation's and its respective majority nation's governments over the citizens' loyalty through public policies. Second,
it asserts that the competition may be modeled for most industrialized federal states.


title: The Art of The Christian Pastorate: Shepherding The Barnardo Home Children To Canada, 1867-1905

abstract:
This study investigates the techniques deployed by Barnardo in his child-saving initiatives in Britain and his systemized mass child migration scheme to Canada. This study explores the pastoral relations between Barnardo and the children he admitted into his charity between 1867 until his death in 1905. This study analyzes the Christian pastorate power-knowledge nexus and the pastoral role occupied by Barnardo during his child-saving work. Most of the documentary materials upon which the analysis proceeds was obtained through my grandmother, who is a descendant of a British Home Child.
This
study examines how Barnardo identified children from pauper parents and questions what specificities were invoked in an emigration programme that focused on pauper Anglo-British families. It explores how religious concerns were made compatible through the model of pastoral power. This study also looks at the gendered performativity of Home Children through collections of their personal stories and social worker records.


title: The Evolution of Flight in Insects: Reconstruction and Biomechanical Analysis of a Protopterygote Insect Ancestor

abstract:
Powered flight in insects has allowed them to become one of the most successful groups of organisms on the planet. How they evolved to become flyers from non-flyers over 400 mya remains a mystery. Few published works have experimentally attempted to explore how flight may have arisen in insects and as such, the objective of this thesis is to attempt to define a possible protopterygote insect and its pathway to selection for powered flight. Here, I have employed a combination of behavioural analysis on an extant basal group insects and allometric scaling of morphology to define and construct a
likely protopterygote insect. I have also enacted biomechanical methods such as force measurement and flow visualization on a physical wingless, static winged and a mechatronic (dynamic) flapping protopterygote model to explore potential elements for the selection of flight in insects. I have found that body shape (posture) is important to increasing drag as evidenced by the decreasing descent velocity and self righting ability of the Archaeognatha (Chapter 2), while their unique jumping behaviour can be useful to escape from the confines of standing water, likely present during the time of
the protopterygote insect (Chapter 3). Biomechanical testing has revealed the presence of a low pressure zone behind the dorsum of a protopterygote model emulating the posture of falling Archaeognatha (Chapter 5) and that flapping can increase drag within the Reynolds regime of the putative protopterygote (Chapter 6) potentially setting the stage for thoracic wing selection. My thesis undertakes a novel approach, contributes empirical data and new insights to an emerging theory of the evolution of flapping flight in insects. This theory draws on previously defined hypotheses and attempts to
combine elements from each while also providing support for the likelihood of a falling, flapping protopterygote insect contributing to selection for powered flight in insects.


title: Developing a Catalytically Functional Ribonucleotide Reductase for Neurospora Crassa that Lacks Heterokaryon Incompatibility Activity

abstract:
We are exploring the structure-function relationship of proteins governing nonself recognition in Neurospora crassa. The heterokaryon incompatibility locus het-6, from N. crassa comprises two tightly linked genes: un-24 and het-6. Each gene exists as either Oak Ridge (OR) or Panama (PA) allelic variants, and only two possible haplotypes occur in nature: un-24OR-het-6OR or un-24PA-het-6PA. The het-6 gene encodes a protein with no known function outside of incompatibility whereas un-24 also encodes the large subunit of ribonucleotide reductase (RNR). RNR is an enzyme that is essential for the
conversion of ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides, and is crucial for DNA synthesis. We identify a single glutamic acid residue within the C-terminus of UN-24OR that governs incompatibility specificity. By changing this glutamic acid to leucine we produced an enzymatically functional RNR that lacks incompatibility activity (UN-240). Using this un-240 strain, we provide novel insight into the role that HET-6 proteins play in nonself recognition.


title: Viewing Health as a Human Right: On the Normative Framework Linking Health to Human Rights

abstract:
The current global health literature is skeptical of the idea that one can defensibly claim a moral right to health. Gopal Sreenivasan and Onora O’Neill argue that a positive right to health is fraught with conceptual difficulties because it is unclear who bears the correlative duty to secure the right. Jonathan Wolff has recently attempted to provide a normative foundation for the human right to health from a non-cosmopolitan point of view, but his account fails to directly address Sreenivasan and O’Neill’s objections. In this paper, I will develop and further substantiate Wolff’s position
in an attempt to respond to Sreenivasan and O’Neill’s critique of a positive right to health. I will argue that Wolff unknowingly seems to be making a case for a negative right to health, which I conclude provides a non-cosmopolitan normative foundation for the human right to health.


title: Political Fictionalism

abstract:
An interesting feature of Rawls’s political liberalism is its reliance on a distinction between the moral and the political domains. The normative character of Rawls’s project, however, belies the metatheoretical nature of this distinction, which was never fully addressed by Rawls. In this thesis, I approach this distinction on its own terms and not as a normative question internal to political liberalism. In my view, whether the political is normatively distinct from the moral is a metatheoretical question normative politics—what I call ‘metapolitics’. The literature review surveys
contemporary political liberal approaches to this question through a framework I develop by drawing on a number of seemingly disparate philosophical debates. My goal is to prepare the ground for future metapolitical accounts of the political domain. Towards that end, in the accompanying paper I propose and present, though without endorsing, a novel metapolitical view I call ‘political fictionalism’.


title: Food Access and Farmer Livelihoods:  Policy Reflections From Stakeholders in Eastern Ontario

abstract:
This study addresses how critical food organizations (CFOs) working to increase access to local foods for people living on low incomes and those working to improve economic viability for food producers can pursue mutually beneficial initiatives and how the state may provide support. Drawing from focus groups and interviews with stakeholders throughout Eastern Ontario I argue that organizations face substantive barriers in achieving mutually beneficial initiatives in the absence of direct state involvement. Moreover, I argue that the state ought to foster these initiatives by providing support
for CFOs so long as CFOs remain their independents. While this approach may perpetuate neoliberalization, a process that has contributed to the marginalization of these populations, I conclude that this engagement with the state need not pioneer a post-neoliberal policy regime. Instead, by addressing the marginalizing effects of neoliberalization, it stimulates conversation on elements of neoliberalization that might transcend into post-neoliberal policy regimes.


title: Protection and Security Aware QoS Framework for 4G Multihop Wireless Networks

abstract:
The Worldwide interoperable for Microwave Access (WiMAX) and Long Term Evolution (LTE) standards have well-defined Quality of Service (QoS) and security architecture. However, the details of Radio Resource Management (RRM) components, such as Call Admission Control (CAC) and Packet Scheduling (PS), are still open research topics. Next, some security issues are not yet resolved in the WiMAX or LTE standards. Finally, the multihop networks fail to consider the performance degradation problem during relay nodes failure. Therefore, the main objectives of this research work are to: (1) develop a
new RRM framework to address QoS, (2) provide stronger security without affecting QoS performance, and (3) maintain the QoS of the network in the case of relay nodes failure.
In terms of QoS, the proposed CAC in the Base Station (BS) reserves the bandwidth adaptively based on most recent requests from high priority users. When the reserved bandwidth is not fully used, the remaining bandwidth is allocated to least priority users for effective bandwidth utilization. Later, the CAC applies bandwidth pre-emption on least priority users to admit high priority users. Further, the PS scheme uses
the (Priority + Earliest Due Date) scheduler to improve the multihop latency and dynamically switches to the (Priority + Token Bucket) scheduler during the CAC scheme is applied to bandwidth pre-emption on the least priority calls to ensure the bandwidth for high priority users. The proposed CAC and PS methods outperform the existing schemes where the QoS performance is verified by system level simulations.
Secondly, to provide strong security without affecting the QoS performance, distributed security architecture using Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman protocol is proposed. For the WiMAX
networks, the proposed security scheme is verified using simulation and compared with existing security using testbed implementation. For LTE networks, a theoretical analysis of the proposed scheme is analyzed.


title: Validation of the Bookend Method in Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MRI

abstract:
The quantitative accuracy of contrast agent concentration measurements for use in
 Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MRI is investigated in phantom experiments. Two
 commonly accepted techniques are compared. Both techniques require the direct
input of T1 measurements. Three candidates for clinical T1 mapping with different
 overall accuracies were used to yield a total of six possible concentration evaluation
 methods. Measurements of concentration using these methods were repeated several
times such that the overall accuracy and reproducibility may be evaluated.


title: "I Did It Because She Hurt Me": Investigating Motivations for Social Aggression in Youth

abstract:
Motivations for social aggression against friends and non-friends among adults and adolescents (desire for acceptance, amusement, jealousy, revenge, and social image) were investigated in two studies.  In both, normative beliefs about social aggression and gender were explored as moderators.  In Study 1 (n = 254), a measure of motivations for social aggression in two contexts (friend and non-friend) was developed based on existing qualitative and quantitative research on motivations for social aggression and its psychometric properties were evaluated.  A 17 item, 5-factor measure of
motivations for the use of socially aggressive strategies across contexts was established.  All motives were found to be related to the use of social aggression, however, normative beliefs about social aggression were found to moderate the associations between desire for acceptance, amusement and jealousy and social aggression against both a friend and non-friend, as well as revenge and social aggression against a non-friend.  Revenge in the friend context and social image in both contexts were positive predictors of social aggression but were not moderated by normative beliefs.  Gender was
found to moderate only one of these relationships: the association between amusement and social aggression such that this relationship was stronger for women.  In Study 2 (n = 151), the measure of motivations validated in the first study was used to examine the relationship between motivations and the use of socially aggressive strategies in an adolescent sample.  Normative beliefs were a significant moderator for all motivations, with the exception of the desire for acceptance when the aggression was directed at a non-friend.  Results of this study are discussed in light of the theoretical
model originally designed to understand girls' socially aggressive behaviour (Owens, Shute, & Slee, 2000b).  A general discussion highlights the noteworthy similarities and differences between the two studies.


title: Order Restricted Testing of Random Effects in Generalized Linear Mixed Models

abstract:
Generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) have been used in many areas of research to analyze longitudinal and clustered data with non-normal responses.  In addition to the fixed effects parameters found in the generalized linear model (GLM), variance components associated with unobservable random effects are estimated in the GLMM.  Moreover, it is well understood that order restricted inference methods that properly incorporate additional information by way of a restricted parameter space are more efficient than procedures that ignore this information.  In this thesis, a distance statistic
based on the Wald statistic is suggested for order restricted tests on the random components in the mixed model.  The null distributions of the distance and the likelihood ratio test statistics are shown to be asymptotically equivalent and that of a chi-bar-square.  An analysis conducted on data extracted from the 2011 National Youth Tobacco Survey will serve as an illustration of the proposed testing procedure.


title: MEseum: Constructing Digital Narratives for the Museum Visitor

abstract:
This research aims at the design and development of a museum-visitor interactive system with a set of tools catering to the new generation of museumgoers. By introducing and using the concept of narrative as a key element for accessing, collecting and sharing museum experiences, the proposed system, MEseum, offers various tools to the museum-visitor that allows for the authoring, curating and sharing of museum experiences. The basic concepts underlying the research are; (a) A new approach to the museum experience as a customizable interactive narrative (b) A social media context within which
that experience is implemented and (c) The use of various interactive technologies to facilitate the experience, including but not limited to social media and way finding tools. The research explores these concepts and applies it to each phase of the museum visit, from planning a visit, to arriving at the museum, and then, later access to memories made.


title: An Opposition in Search of Itself: Modern French Cinema and the Algerian War

abstract:
This dissertation provides an analysis of the politics of French cinema in the 1950s and 1960s from the socio-historical perspective of the Franco-Algerian War. By combining close visual analysis of the Left Bank Group’s cinema, discourse analysis of contemporaneous film theoretical debates, and archival research of images from the popular press, I demonstrate how the Franco-Algerian War played a key role in shaping the cinematic representation of French modernization. Although it has been widely assumed that France’s “police operation” in Algeria between 1954 and 1962 was absent from French
screens due to severe censorship restrictions, I explore how filmmakers including Alain Resnais, Agnès Varda, and Chris Marker mobilize imagery and discourses unique to the war in order to critique the disciplinary nature of their own modern society. My dissertation challenges the dominant narrative of this influential period in film history as a monolithic New Wave movement reducible to the films of an inner-circle of auteurs and their writings in Cahiers du cinéma. I return to Positif’s under-theorized criticism to illuminate how film culture in France functioned as a heterogeneous field of
debate, in which political divisions were largely determined in relation to the question of colonialism’s relationship to modernization. The 1950s mark the flourishing of Les Trente Glorieuses in France, a period of economic acceleration, which contemporary media representation often cast in the ambience of science fiction. As the specificities of France’s “dirty war” in Algeria permeated the mainland, however, the frontier dividing the two became increasingly precarious. By placing the mise-en-scènes of the modern world – its museums, its department stores, its cultures of objects – in a
dialectical tension with images of policing, torture, and concentration camps, the Left Bank Group demonstrate how the horrors of the counter-insurgency in Algeria permeated everyday life in the metropole.


title: Massive Modularity: Why it is Wrong, and What it Can Teach us Anyway

abstract:
This thesis addresses current issues of cognitive architecture, with a focus on the family of
theories known as massive modularity. This project begins with a discussion of the concept of
modularity as proposed by Jerry Fodor. All of Fodor's criteria of modularity are explored in order
to establish a formal definition of modularity. That definition is then used as a benchmark to
determine whether the cognitive mechanisms proposed in the massive modularity theories of Leda
Cosmides, John Tooby, Dan Sperber, Steven Pinker, and Peter Carruthers actually qualify as
modules. After
concluding that the massive modularity theories of the above authors are in fact not
modular, the discussion turns to Zenon Pylyshyn's cognitive impenetrability thesis in order to
demonstrate that it is extremely unlikely that there could exist any truly modular version of the
massive modularity hypothesis. Finally, an alternative account of the mind is proposed in place of
massive modularity.


title: What's He Building in There?  Crafting a New Role Between the Scholar and the Architect

abstract:
The thesis (placing), preceded by the abstract (drawn from), situates itself as the site for our discussion concerning the role of the Scholar, the Architect, and the previously un-surveyed grounds in-between.
This thesis examines a new role to be performed in the construing and constructing of architecture.  Educated in the Trivium: Grammar, Rhetoric, and Logic, and the Quadrivium: Arithmetic, Geometry, Music, and Astronomy, the Architect/Musician/Machinist/Scholar comes together to fabricate the hinge between the idea and the physical manifestation of Architecture.
Through the lens
of contemporary, widely available technology, we examine the potential for a new role in architecture that straddles historic and present scholarship, and simultaneously assesses the role of increased power in individual manufacturing possibilities and their infinitely scalable nature.


title: The Effect of Road Density and Proximity on Predation Attempts on the White Footed Mouse (Peromyscus Leucopus)

abstract:
Authors have hypothesized that observed increases in small mammal populations with increasing road density may be due to predation release. Based on the predation release hypothesis, I predicted that Peromyscus leucopus placed in sites with higher surrounding paved road density and/or closer to a paved road would experience fewer predation attempts than P. leucopus placed in sites with lower surrounding paved road density and/or farther from a paved road. Considering all predators, there was no evidence of any decrease in predation attempts in relation to paved road density. Considering only
raptorial birds there was evidence of a decrease in predation attempts with paved road density, and an increase with increasing distance from the road as predicted. Overall, these results provide weak support for the hypothesis that reduced predation causes the positive relationship between road density and small mammal abundance.


title: Neurophysiological Correlates of Visual Performance Effects of Luminous Modulation

abstract:
This study investigated the effects of flicker on concurrently recorded visual event-related potentials (ERPs) to visual performance in Stroop and sentence reading tasks.
Three flicker rates were presented (0, 100, and 500 Hz) in separate blocks of trials while ERPs were recorded and participants performed these tasks.
Source analysis revealed the 500 Hz response had similar mean source activation for incongruent and congruent tasks and 100 Hz had significantly higher activation for the incongruent task at the early latencies (left hemisphere) and for 170-210 ms (right hemisphere). Overall
activation localized to the pulvinar nucleus.
Source analysis localization suggests that 500 Hz flicker affected the secondary visual pathway. Source activation for 500 Hz was not significantly different for congruent and incongruent trials whereas 100 Hz resulted in higher activation in the Stroop task suggesting more effort was required to complete this task. The data suggest important influences of flicker on performance.


title: Thin Film Precursors, Properties and Applications: Chemical Vapour Deposition and Atomic Layer Deposition of Group 4, 11 and 13 Elements and Their Oxides

abstract:
Brass and bronze substrates were coated by atomic layer deposition (ALD) with alumina and titania in small and large scale batches. These films were evaluated for use as protective and cosmetic coatings. Optimization of deposition for uniform coatings on individual coins and across a batch for Al2O3 and TiO2 films was performed. High-quality, uniform coatings were achieved with multi-pulse programs.
The interference colours resulting from thin films of Al2O3 deposited by ALD on silicon were analyzed using a robotic gonioreflectometer. A series of thin films were deposited and their reflectivity values obtained for the visible spectrum. A comparison of these values with the predictions of computer simulations has revealed deviations from predicted reflectivities. Simulation predicts larger iridescence than what was observed. Alumina films were deposited by ALD on flat and nanostructured silicon substrates, and incorporated into PEDOT-Al2O3-silicon architectures that were then evaluated as photovoltaic devices. The reverse saturation currents observed on flat devices made with Al2O3 films were similar devices made with an SiO2 layer. The structured samples with Al2O3 showed a considerable increase in efficiency (of up to five times) over the equivalent flat samples.
A new indium(III) guanidinate, (In[(NiPr)2CNMe2]3, was synthesized. Thermogravimetric analysis showed elemental indium was produced from the compound as a residual mass. Thermolysis in a sealed NMR tube showed carbodiimide and protonated dimethyl amine by 1H NMR. Chemical vapour deposition (CVD) experiments above 275 °C with air as the reactant gas produced cubic indium oxide films with good transparency.
Dimeric silver(I) and gold(I) tert-butyl-imino-2,2-dimethylpyrrolidinates were synthesized and evaluated for thermal stability by thermal gravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and variable-temperature solution NMR. The compounds were used to deposit metallic films.


title: Identification of Novel Acetylation Sites in Nrf1 (NFE2L1) and Their Regulation by Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)

abstract:
For cells to survive the damages of reactive oxygen species they must defend themselves. Cellular defense is accomplished by means of the antioxidant response element (ARE). One of the main factors involved in regulating the ARE is the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like1 protein (Nrf1), this protein has not been thoroughly characterized, so the manner in which it is regulated is unknown. The deacetylase Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) has been shown to regulate a relative of Nrf1, Nrf2. When SIRT1 was chemically inhibited, the acetylation of Nrf1 increased, indicating SIRT1 to be a regulator of
Nrf1. When Nrf1 was deacetylated by SIRT1, a significant decrease in the activity of Nrf1 was observed. Under hypoxic conditions, it was observed that SIRT1 was a stronger regulator of Nrf1 activity than hypoxia. Two acetylation sites were identified in Nrf1; lysines 205 and 629. The deacetylation of Nrf1 resulted in a significant decrease in cellular senescence.


title: Male Mate Choice In a Polymorphic Damselfly Nehalennia Irene (Hagen)

abstract:
Male mate choice is a fundamental part of sexual selection.  Here I contributed to the work on mate recognition by presenting conspecifics and heterospecifics to Nehalennia irene and Nehalennia gracilis to quantify their ability to recognize mates.  I evaluated if inexperienced N. irene show less discrimination between phenotypes than experienced males.  I performed high quality scans and colour analysis on thoraxes of all phenotypes to ascertain differences in colour between sites. I measured individual and population level mate preferences to evaluate the current hypotheses explaining sex
limited polymorphism in odonates.  Results taken together show that both species have difficulty in discriminating between phenotypes and that inexperienced and experienced males react in the same manner to potential mates.  Colour analysis indicated there are differences in thorax colour between males, and between gynomorphs and other phenotypes but not between locations.  Individual males showed no preferences for a specific morph inconsistent with hypotheses.


title: Crafting the Machinery of Municipal Rule: The Board of Police in Nineteenth Century Brockville, Upper Canada

abstract:
This thesis traces the coordination, configuration and operation of municipal government in Brockville, Upper Canada, between 1830 and 1836. By focusing on how governing occurred and what was involved in governmental projects it presents new insights into the processes that constituted a form of rule. Contrary to presenting a narrative of rationalization, it argues that manner, etiquette and prestige were essential to the machinery of local government, as targets of regulation and as characteristics of the mode of operation. How the concept of democracy is translated into political practices
is explored through an investigation of the agents and arrangements that were fashioned to form an institution of municipal government. I focus on an incorporated model of government styled as the board of police to argue that local government was only possible through the coordination of a political space, populated by agents who had to govern themselves and govern others.


title: Identification of Amino Acids Conferring Chain-Length Substrate Specificities on Fatty Alcohol-Forming Reductases FAR5 and FAR8 from Arabidopsis thaliana

abstract:
Fatty alcohols play a variety of biological roles in all kingdoms of life. Fatty acyl reductase (FAR) enzymes catalyze the reduction of fatty acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) or fatty acyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) substrates to primary fatty alcohols. FAR enzymes have distinct substrate specificities with regard to chain length and degree of saturation. FAR5 (At3g44550) and FAR8 (At3g44560) from Arabidopsis thaliana are 85% identical at the amino acid level and are of equal length, but possess distinct specificities for 18:0 or 16:0 fatty acyl chain length, respectively. We used Saccharomyces
cerevisiae as a heterologous expression system to assess FAR substrate specificity determinants. We identified individual amino acids that affect protein levels or 16:0-CoA versus 18:0-CoA specificity by expressing in yeast FAR5 and FAR8 domain-swap chimeras and site-specific mutants.


title: Developing the Volunteer Tourist Identity through Meaningful Interaction: A Critical Comparison of the Lived Experiences of Childcare and Animal Care Volunteers in South Africa

abstract:
This thesis employs ethnographic research techniques to examine the lived experiences of individuals who participate in volunteer tourism projects. Data was gathered over a four month period from two diverse programs in South Africa, one working with children and one working with animals. Using a symbolic interactionist theoretical approach, the analysis of participant observation and interview data reveal an interaction process at the structural, group and individual level through which program participants come to identify self as a volunteer tourist and form volunteer tourist identities
appropriate to the social situation experienced within their own particular volunteer project. The findings also suggest program culture and group norms, as well as altruistic and personal motivations, may be influential in affecting volunteer tourist behaviour. Results of this study highlight the need for further cross-comparative ethnographic research on divergent programs to enhance the understanding of volunteer tourist experiences and volunteer tourism as a whole.


title: Exploring the Outcomes of Singing and Diaphragmatic Breathing in Participants With Asthma

abstract:
This study investigated the effects of singing and/or breathing.  Sixty participants with asthma partook in weekly singing (n=22), breathing (n=20) and singing and breathing (n=18) sessions over four weeks.  Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and forced expiratory volume during the first second (FEV1) were measured prior to and following each session, along with a breathlessness questionnaire (MBS).  An asthma control questionnaire (ACQ) was completed weekly.  Wellbeing measures included a psychological distress measure (GHQ) and a quality of life measure (SGRQ), completed during the first and
last sessions. There was a significant improvement in MBS, PEFR, and GHQ measures over four weeks.  Components of SGRQ (symptoms and impacts) also improved.  There were no significant group differences in breathing or wellbeing measures.  Participants enjoyed practicing more when singing was combined with breathing.  While all conditions were beneficial for participants with asthma, individuals may demonstrate greater adherence to singing.


title: Uptown East:  Proposal for the Redevelopment of Manor Park Ottawa

abstract:
This thesis examines challenges and opportunities associated with the intensification of established suburban neighbourhoods, questioning how the forces acting on them might be leveraged to create higher-performing communities without compromising the existing social or architectural character.
Drawing on a of review of literature and an analysis of precedents, the design portion of this thesis uses Ottawa’s Manor Park neighbourhood as a hypothetical case study to explore how intensification might enrich suburban areas.  Among other things, the demonstration plan for Manor Park illustrates
how Clarence Perry’s neighbourhood unit diagram continues to be relevant.  Implicit in this unit, which was the basic module for many suburban communities, is a roadmap for accommodating environmentally sustainable intensification without threatening existing neighbourhood character or cohesion.
While the approaches explored in the demonstration plan are specific to Manor Park, they can be easily adapted to similar suburban neighbourhoods across North America.


title: Furthering Persuasive Systems Design: Persuasive Technology and Responsible Gambling

abstract:
This thesis extends current research on Persuasive Systems Design (PSD) to recreational gambling. As online gambling carries a greater risk for the development of gambling addiction pathology than offline gambling, examination of how to create effective tools that can reduce this risk are warranted. One such area is usability and PSD, with the goal of aiding individuals to adhere to pre-set monetary limits without reducing the pleasure of gambling. A user-centred design process was employed to improve an existing monetary limit tool with the goal of facilitating responsible gambling. Focus
groups, personas and storyboards and heuristic evaluation were employed to design the monetary limit tool, and a controlled lab study was carried out to test the effectiveness of the newly developed tool. Results of the study show that applying usability and PSD principles increased monetary limit adherence and engagement, and the monetary limit tool did not interfere with users’ fun.