title: Characterization of sediment, sewage and 0157 E. coli: a comparison of their virulence genes, biofilm forming capacities, antibiotic resistance and level of reactive oxygen species (ROS)

contributor:
Leung, Kam
Kurissery, Sreekumari
Khaper, Neelam

subject:
Escherichia Coli
Pathogenicity
Biofilms
Antibiotic resistance
Bacteria response to oxidative stress

abstract:
Even though sediment Escherichia coli is a common source of contamination in freshwater environments, their virulence and physiological characteristics are not well studied. The goal of this study was to compare the virulence genes, biofilm forming capacity, antibiotic resistance and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level of sediment E. coli isolated from three freshwater lakes (Lake Simcoe, Georgian Bay, and Boulevard Lake) with no exposure to sewage effluent to sewage E. coli from two sewage treatment plants (Orillia and Thunder Bay Ontario) and a collection of known O157 E. coli. Multiplex PCR analysis on nine virulence genes (hylA, iroN, papA, hs, hl, ial, bfpA, stx1, and stx2) revealed that no sediment, and very few (3%) sewage E. coli contained diarrheagenic and shiga toxin genes. However, 12.5% of sediment and 42% of sewage isolates contained one or more uropathogenic genes. Interestingly, only the iroN gene was detected in the sediment isolates. The biofilm assays determined that sediment E. coli were significantly better biofilm formers (p<0.001) than the sewage and O157 E. coli, and the sediment E. coli was able to form 2 and 3.5 times as much biofilm as the sewage and O157 E. coli, respectively. The antibiotic resistances of the isolates to eight antibiotics were determined using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and the antibiotic resistance patterns of the E. coli samples illustrated that the sediment, sewage and O157 isolates belonged to three distinctive populations. Furthermore, there was an overall significant difference between the three sample groups (p<0.05), where sediment was the most susceptible and sewage was the most resistant to the antibiotics tested. It was also determined that the level of ROS in biofilm E. coli cells was significantly lower than their planktonic counterparts (p<0.001). A negative correlation (p=0.066) was observed when comparing the isolates’ biofilm forming capacities with their intrinsic level of ROS, whereby isolates with higher tolerance to oxidative stress (i.e. higher amounts of cellular ROS) were associated with lower biofilm forming capability. Furthermore, isolates with higher resistance to antibiotics in their planktonic state also showed lower biofilm forming capacity.
It has been previously determined that the rpoS gene, a crucial regulatory gene in biofilm phase bacteria, is able to improve the survival of E. coli by optimizing the size of the biofilm matrix. The role of stationary phase sigma factor (RpoS) of an E. coli O157:H7 H32 strain in the biofilm phase was examined by comparing the biofilm formation capacity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, and antibiotic resistance of the wildtype H32 to its rpoS mutant. The mutant strain formed significantly more biofilm (p<0.05) than the wildtype strain with the mutant strain forming twice as much biofilm as the wildtype strain. To investigate the level of ROS in the two E. coli strains, a DCF-DA assay was conducted and revealed a significant difference between the exponential growth phase and biofilm state of the wildtype H32 strain with biofilm cells illustrating over 100,000 times lower ROS levels (p<0.05) than exponential phase cells (see document)


title: Role of woodlot licence program in BC forest sector

subject:
Woodlot licence program
Forest industry
Woodlot management

abstract: Woodlot licences in British Columbia are small area-based tenures, held by individuals, small groups or families. Woodlot licences are often located in or near local communities and are thought to be in a better position to incorporate local values into management planning. The purpose of this study was to use measurable indicators to provide quantitative information on economic, social, and environmental impacts of the woodlot licence program on local communities and coastal BC. A survey with 18 indicators measuring environmental, social, and economic impacts was created, based heavily on the well-respected annual BCCFA Indicator Report. The survey was answered by WL holders in the North Island Woodlot Association (NIWA), which represents the north end of Vancouver Island and encompasses 45 WL’s. The results indicate that woodlot licences provide similar economic impacts as the coast industry proportional to volume cut each year. As well it shows that woodlot licences play a role in diversifying the local economy, have high environmental standards, and are more accepted by rural communities than larger forms of tenure. Overall woodlot licences are a viable form of tenure on the BC coast when located in or near rural communities.


title: Factors affecting the structure and function of forest ecosystem: disturbance and climate change

subject:
Climate change
Forest ecosystem
Forest biodiversity
Disturbance (forestry)

abstract:
This paper discusses the effects of climate change and disturbance on forest ecosystems.
At present, the increasing temperature caused by global warming and the occurrence of various
fire events has posed a huge challenge to forest managers. In this paper, the effects of climate
change on the structure and function of forest ecosystems and the effects of disturbance factors on
ecosystem services were discussed through literature review and database comparative analysis.
As we learn more about the effects of these factors on forest ecosystems, we can urge forest
managers to better protect forest ecosystems and promote their sustainable development through
human activities in the future.


title: Personality traits and depressive symptoms in informal caregivers in Canada: a longitudinal study of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging data

contributor:
Kristman, Vicki
Armstrong, Joshua J.
Martin, Lynn
Klein, Rupert

subject:
Caregiver health
Personality and depressive disorders
Depression (caregivers)
Mental health
Informal caregivers (mental health)

abstract:
In 2018, approximately one out of four Canadians, aged 15 and older, provided informal care to
a family member or a friend. Caregivers are at an increased risk for depression and depressive
symptoms because of the psychological, emotional, social and financial problems that they might
endure due to their caregiving roles. Demographic factors such as age, sex, race, education,
income, marital status and retirement status have been associated with depressive symptoms in
the literature. As has physical health, and a number of caregiving characteristics such as the
relationship with the care recipient, the intensity of caregiving including the hours of caregiving
per week, the duration of caregiving, the relationship with the care recipient and the type of
caregiving task. There is a large body of literature that links Neuroticism and Extraversion to
depressive symptoms. However, to date the link between the personality traits and depressive
symptoms in the caregiver population remains unclear.


title: Assessment and evaluation practices in outdoor, experiential, environmentally-focused integrated and interdisciplinary programs

subject:
Experiential learning
Outdoor learning laboratories
Outdoor education

abstract: Two integrated/interdisciplinary programs were used as qualitative case studies of assessment and evaluation practices in outdoor, experiential, environmentally-focused integrated and interdisciplinary programs. Data were collected from program instructors by conducting informal conversational interviews and  administrating a questionnaire with both open-and closed-form questions. Results indicate that, while there is some learning that occurs in the classroom, the emphasis is placed on applying learnt concepts to novel situations outside of the walls of the classroom.


title: Fine root dynamics for three distinct Northern Ontario forests : a comparison of approaches used to estimate fine root biomass, productivity, and turnover

contributor:
Morris, David
Beall, Fred
Luckai, Nancy
Reid, Doug

subject:
Carbon sequestration
Ontario, Northeastern
Forest biomass
Measurement
Ontario, Northern
Trees
Roots
Physiology

abstract: There is increasing interest to develop quantitative approaches to carbon accounting and determine carbon sequestration potential at both the site and landscape scales. Currently, our lack of understanding of fine root dynamics in northern temperate forest systems has hampered efforts to accurately parameterize any of the existing C budget models (e.g. , CBM-CFS3). The objectives of this study were to: 1) describe the various approaches most commonly used to estimate fine root biomass, highlighting their strengths and limitations, 2) develop species- and diameter class-specific standard root lengths (i.e. , factor for converting measured root lengths to biomass when using minirhizotron technologies) for selected northern temperate tree species, and 3) compare/contrast the estimates of fine root biomass, productivity, and turnover rates derived from the commonly applied indirect (i.e. , used in most carbon accounting models) and direct ( i.e., in situ stand-level measurements) methods. This study was conducted for three distinct northern temperate forest/stand types (i.e. , northern hardwoods - sugar maple; northern coniferous - jack pine; and boreal mixedwood - aspen, spruce, balsam fir).


title: Dimensional and crystallographic fabric development in experimentally deformed synthetic aggregate and natural rocks

subject:
Rock deformation
Strains and stresses

abstract:
Calcite Portland-cement aggregate samples were deformed
triaxially at 25 deg. with confining pressures of 200 Mpa. The
samples were deformed under experimental approximations of
pure shear (dry and wet experimental conditions),
transpressional shear and simple shear. The pore fluid
pressure during the wet pure shear test was less than 195 MPa.
Extensive grain rotation accompanied by twinning of the
calcite grains occurred.
Optical analyses of calcite crystallographic fabrics have
been used to infer the orientation of the maximum principal
compressive stress. Stress orientations in the deformed
specimens agree well with the externally imposed stresses. A
new method has been successfully used to determine the a,
orientation. The method uses contouring of the lamellae index
associated with the compression direction determined from
Turner's Dynamic analysis method.
In pure shear, preferred dimensional orientation (PDO) of
the calcite grains are produced more efficiently in the
presence of a pore fluid pressure. In dry specimens,
transpressional shear is more effective in producing a PDO in
the calcite grain than either pure shear or simple shear.
Grain shape fabrics do not conform to the symmetry of the bulk
deformation when extensive rotation of calcite grains is
involved. Mean grain alignment is perpendicular to the
shortening in pure shear, initially inclined and later
parallel to the shear zone wall in transpressional shear, and
inclined to the shear zone wall in simple shear. The mean
orientation of the grain-alignment fabrics is, therefore, a
reliable kinematic indicator under the conditions
investigated. Transpressional shear and dry pure shear exhibit
higher lamellae indices than either wet pure shear or simple
shear.
Strain analysis of calcite grains by Robin's method
(1977) , the linearization method (Yu and Zheng, 1984) and
Harmonic mean method (Lisle, 1977) yields overestimates of the
experimental bulk strain in wet pure shear. These methods fail
to take into account interparticle motions that occur in the
presence of a high pore fluid pressure.
The triaxial deformation of the Ancaster oolitic limestone
was preformed with a confining pressure of 200 Mpa, a natural
strain rate of 10-5/s and at a temperature of 135°C. The
samples were deformed under dry and wet experimental
conditions. The pore fluid pressure, during the wet test, was
less than 60 % of the confining pressure.
The deformation process of ooids in the dry experimental test is rigid rotation of the ooid particles. In the case of
wet experimental conditions, it appears that the pore fluid
pressure produces particulate flow in the fine grained ooid
matrix.
Due to a viscosity contrast, between ooids and cement
matrix, strain analysis on the ooids exhibits an overestimate
of strain compared to the experimental bulk strain. This holds
true for both wet and dry experimental conditions.
Experimental triaxial deformation was conducted on the
China Beach sandstone by pure shear for dry experimental
conditions. The temperature was held constant at 25°C, with
computer controlled natural strain rates of 10-5/s and a
confining pressure of 200 Mpa.
Mechanical heterogeneities in the grains of the China
Beach sample play an important role in the development of
cleavage. Altered feldspar grains and lithic fragments deform
by ductile processes, while unaltered feldspar and quartz
grain deform by rigid rotation and brittle processes. Strain
analysis of each grain type in the China Beach sandstone yield
a range of strain estimates depending on the deformation
process compared to the experimental bulk strain.
Comparison of Robin's method, the linearization method and
Harmonic mean method suggest that Robin's method generates the
best estimates of the bulk experimental strain ratio.


title: Semi-supervised framework for clustering and semantic segmentation

contributor:
Yang, Yimin
Du, Shan

subject:
Unsupervised representation learning
Non-iterative autoencoder
Semi-supervised clustering
Semantic segmentation

abstract:
During the past couple of decades, machine learning and deep learning methods have
achieved remarkable results in many real-world applications. However, it is difficult
to develop and train these artificial intelligence algorithms without a labeled dataset.
Under this circumstance, it is desirable to leverage a large number of unlabeled data
into the training process with fewer or even without labels. To this end, a non-supervised learning strategy (e.g., unsupervised, semi-supervised, weakly-supervised,
or self-supervised) has recently been studied in different domains.
In chapter 3, a novel semi-supervised framework is proposed to solve a clustering problem fundamentally by involving only few numbers of labeled data. In this
proposed framework, a non-iterative autoencoder is proposed for learning a representation of each data in an unsupervised way. The experimental results theoretically
demonstrate the effectiveness of this proposed framework, where the obtained clustering accuracy for thirteen tabular and image datasets are impressive. It has also
shown that the proposed autoencoder is able to capture important features of each
data.
In chapter 4, the above framework is extended to a weakly-supervised semantic segmentation task for demonstrating its practical ability. Before applying the
modified proposed framework to this task, computer vision methods are presented
as preliminary work to generate the initial labeled data and clustering space. We
achieve the current state-of-the-art performance on PASCAL VOC 2012 dataset.
This thesis shows that the proposed framework is capable not only for the traditional machine learning problem but also for the widely used real-world applications.


title: Best approximation in L1 [T,...]

subject:
Approximation theory
Chebyshev approximation


Manitoba Free Press as an expression of contemporary perceptions of America, 1901-1909


title: Classification of red pine stands using remote sensing techniques

contributor:
Runesson, Ulf
Bilyk, Alex

subject:
Red pine management
Remote sensing
Aerial photography
Boreal forest

abstract: Red pine is a historically important species for forestry in the boreal forest. Its large diameter and straight and knot free form has made it ideal for many purposes, including construction. With the new sudden turn towards renewing the forests in their historical state, understanding the current management requirements of red pine in their limited distribution is becoming more and more necessary. The use of remote sensing techniques and applications enable it so that these scattered stands can be inventoried and mapped accurately for management purposes.


title: Effect of oral glutamine supplementation on resting blood and saliva immune parameters in endurance trained athletes

contributor:
Newhouse, Ian
LaVoie, Norm

subject: Glutamine and the immune system

subject: Endurance sports (physiological aspects)

subject: Glutamine supplementation

subject: Exercise and immunology

subject: Glutamine and exercise

abstract:
There is considerable evidence suggesting that frequent, intense, long duration exercise is
associated with adverse effects on the immune system as shown by a decrease in immune cell
numbers and function. This may ultimately be responsible for the increased rate of infection,
in particular, upper respiratory tract infection, seen in athletes. It has been suggested that one
possible mechanism for this immunosuppression is a decrease in plasma glutamine. Glutamine
is a non-essential amino acid that is utilized at a high rate by immune cells. A decrease in
plasma glutamine may then impair immune function and possibly lead to increased rates o f
infection. Recent research has shown that plasma glutamine levels are decreased during times
of metabolic and catabolic stress, such as cancer, burns, surgery, endurance exercise and
overtiaiiung. This decrease in plasma glutamine coupled with the immunocompronused state
of these individuals may be evidence of the important role of glutamine in immune function
Recent research has shown that glutamine supplementation results in increased immune cell
counts and immune function, and decreased rates of infection in various populations. Therefore,
the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of oral glutamine supplementation on
resting blood and saliva immune parameters in endurance trained athletes. Fifteen endurance
athletes (male= 9, female = 6, age = 27.9 ± 2.2 yrs, height = 177.0 ±2.1 cm, weight=68.5 ±
2.8 kg, running = 64.1 ± 3.2 km/wk) participated in a randomized double-blind
glutamine/placebo cross-over study. Thirty grams of glutamine or placebo was provided for
a duration of 2 weeks, separated by a 4 week washout Resting blood and saliva was collected
before and after each supplementation period and was analyzed for, total leukocytes,
neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, T cells, B cells, natural killer, CD4, CD8 cells, saliva IgA
and plasma glutamine using a 2-way repeated measures factorial ANOVA. The effect of gender
was analyzed by a 3-way mixed plot factorial ANOVA. As well, subjects completed a
nutritional analysis, a life stress questionnaire and a training log during the supplementation
periods in order to monitor any changes in these control variables. Statistical analysis revealed
that leukocyte and neutrophil count as well as percent neutrophils for female subjects
significantly increased by 13.7 %, 33.5 %, and 16.1 %, respectively following glutamine
supplementation, while those receiving placebo decreased by 132 %, 23.2 %, and 10.5 %,
respectively (p<0.05). There was no significant change (p>0.05) in any immune parameters of
male athletes. This data suggests that under these conditions oral glutamine supplementation
may be an effective method of increasing leukocyte and neutrophil counts in endurance trained
females.


title: Conservation, community benefit, capacity buliding and the social economy : a case study of Lutsel K'e and the proposed national park

contributor:
Lemelin, Harvey
Curthoys, Lesley
Johnston, Margaret

subject:
National parks and reserves
Northwest Territories
Lutsel K'e Dene First Nation Region

abstract: In 2001, 32 years after the Government of Canada initially proposed a national park on the East Arm of Great Slave Lake in the traditional territory of the Lutsel K'e Dene First Nation, Chief Felix Lockhart indicated to Parks Canada that the community was interested in discussing the idea. In 2006, an MOU was signed between the Government of Canada and the Lutsel K'e Dene First Nation that has lead to the withdrawal of an area of 33,525 km2 while studies, negotiations and consultations take place.


title: Risk sensitive foraging by rats in the operant arena

subject:
Risk-taking (Psychology)
Rats Behavior

abstract:
The operant arena was used as the framework in
which to study the theory of risk-sensitivity, A small
colony of hooded rats was exposed to increasing work
demands while given the choice between simultaneous
fixed ratio (risk-averse) and variable ratio (riskprone)
schedules.
The four rats were maintained in a large arena
with access to eight feeding stations for two 30-minute
sessions per day. Stations on one side of the arena
were programmed to pay off on a fixed ratio, while
those on the other side paid off on a variable ratio.
The subjects were exposed to ratio value schedules 5,
10, 2 0, 40, and 80 in an ascending sequential order;
each schedule was in effect for seven consecutive days.
Dispersion patterns, transition types, reinforcements,
and the observed preference for working on the
FR or VR side of the arena were studied. Throughout
the experiment the rats showed an overwhelming preference
for the FR side of the arena. However, there
was a gradual decrease in the magnitude of the preference
for the FR side of the arena over the course
of the experiment. It is therefore concluded that as
the cost of food increased rats became more risk-prone
in their foraging preference. It is also suggested
that had the animals been allowed to experience a
negative net energy budget (i.e., starvation) a more
powerful effect would have emerged.


title: Glossolalia : mental health and locus of control

subject: Self-actualization (Psychology)

abstract:
The present study focussed on three major areas of
interest: the relationship between glossolalia, or speaking
in tongues, and positive mental health; the relationship
between glossolalia and locus of control; and finally, the
use of Rotter's original locus of control scale with highly
religious populations.
Ninety subjects were assigned to four groups on the
basis of self-report data. The Old Tongues group was
comprised of actively practising Christians who had been
glossolalic for more than three years, while those in the
Young Tongues group had been glossolalic for three years or
less. Subjects in the No Tongues group were actively
practising Christians yet non-glossolalic. Finally, subjects
in the No Religion group were self-described atheists or
agnostics and non-glossolalic. All subjects completed three
paper and pencil instruments; Rotter's (1966) Social
Reaction Inventory (SRI), Shostrom's (1963, 1964, 1966)
Personal Orientation Inventory (POI), and finally, an
original survey questionnaire prepared by the author and
dealing with selected aspects of the respondents' family and
personal backgrounds, and religious experiences and beliefs.


title: Influence of type II muscle fibers and creatine supplementation on repeated bouts of the Wingate Anaerobic Test

contributor:
Lavoie, Norman
Thayer, Robert
McAuliffe, Jim

subject:
Exercise tests
Muscles Physiology
Creatine Physiological aspects

abstract:
The main purpose of this thesis was to investigate the influence of muscle fiber
type composition and supplemental creatine monohydrate on repeated bouts of the
Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT). More specifically, would a higher percentage of Type
II muscle fibers demonstrate a greater significant improvement in repeated bouts of cycle
ergometry after creatine supplementation. Nineteen males (mean ± SD age, body mass,
and height = 21.7 ± 1.9 yr., 84.1 ± 14.1 kg and 161.5 ± 7.8 cm, respectively) participated
in the 13 day experiment. Initially, sixty-five participants performed a single 30-s WAnT
against a resistance of .10 kg/kg body weight. All scores were then rank ordered from
highest to lowest, according to relative peak anaerobic power (PAPr) scores. Ten
participants from both ends of this distribution were approached and requested to
volunteer for the remainder of the study. This allowed the following four groups to be
constructed: 1) high WAnT with creatine (n = 5), 2) high WAnT with placebo (n = 5), 3) low WAnT with creatine (/i = 5), and 4) low WAnT with placebo (n = 4). On days 4 and
12 of the study, percutaneous muscle biopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis and
stained histochemically to determine fiber type distribution (Type II, IIa, and Ilb). This
data demonstrated a positive, but weak relationship between peak anaerobic scores
(relative) obtained during the single 30-s WAnT and percent type II muscle fibers
(r = 0.52, p<0.05). Furthermore, a Spearman rank-order correlation revealed a positive
monotonic relationship (R = 0.611, p<0.01) between the variables. Finally, a 2 x 2
factorial ANOVA (F (1,15) = 12.8, p<0.01), revealed that the 10 participants within the
high PAPr group had higher values for %FT, regardless of treatment. This data revealed
that the grouping of participants according to PAPr during the single 30-s WAnT was
reflective of their fiber type distribution in regards to percent type II muscle fibers. Five
repeated bouts of the WAnT were performed on days 5 and 12 of the study, with each
bout lasting 15-s, against a resistance o f0.075 kg/kg body weight and with 45-s of active
rest between each bout. Supplementation occurred on days 7 through 11, with groups # 1
and #3 receiving the treatment (4 x 5g of creatine + 2g of dextrose powder) and groups
# 2 and # 4 receiving the placebo (4 x 7g of dextrose powder). Peak anaerobic power
(absolute and relative), mean anaerobic power (absolute and relative) and percent power
decrease were recorded during each of the five bouts. The design was a 2 (time: pre or
post) by 2 (treatment: creatine or placebo) by 2 (WAnT: high or low) by 5 (bouts; 1
through 5) split-plot factorial analysis. Change scores were calculated for all five
dependent measures and consequently the data was analyzed with a 2 (treatment; creatine
or placebo) by 2 (WAnT: high or low) by 5 (bouts: 1 through 5) split-plot factorial
ANOVA, which revealed no significant main or interaction effects. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in body weight, from pre to post-supplementation, regardless of
treatment. The results therefore, suggest no relationship between participants' fiber type
distribution (through the stated relationship to PAPr), creatine supplementation, and
repeated bouts of the WAnT. However, due to the small number of participants per cell
or group within this study, the results should be viewed with caution.


title: The influence of water table fluctuation on hydrarch succession in two subarctic peatlands in Eastern James Bay, Quebec

contributor:
Pendea, Florin
Cornwell, Adam
Turvey, Rosario

subject:
Northern peatlands
Hydrology
Water table depth
Testate amoeba
Hydrarch succession

abstract: Northern peatlands contain close to one-third of the world’s soil carbon and changes to their ecology and hydrology play a major role in the fate of these carbon stocks and the direction of their climate feedbacks. Recent research has largely focused on modern controls on peatland development and only few studies have explored the long-term (millennial scale) synergies between peatland hydrology and ecological succession. In this study, I use two peat cores from eastern James Bay (Québec) to investigate the interaction between peatland ecology (hydrarch succession) and hydrology while considering both allogenic and autogenic drivers of peatland development. The James Bay region provides an ideal location for this study as the postglacial retreat of the vast Laurentide Ice Sheet has resulted in a unique land uplift phenomenon. This process is called glacio-isostatic rebound and has been ongoing for the last ~7000 years. One of the main consequences of glacio-isotatic uplift is rapid marine regression and the creation of a landscape gradient of increasing age (chronosequence), from the coastline to the interior, that features varying stages of peatland development. In my investigation, I use a suite of palaeoecological proxies (testate-amoeba, C/N ratios, and AMS carbon-14 chronostratigraphy) to reconstruct changes in peatland water table depth through time. This hydrological reconstruction was then compared to the reconstruction of wetland community change to determine how hydrology affects wetland successional changes (hydroseres) through time. My results indicate a nuanced role of hydrology in hydrarch succession ranging from substantial, at one site (OFL) to marginal, at the other (W55). My results further suggest that local factors (topography, drainage patterns, and local base levels) largely control peatland development in this region although large-scale drivers, such as climate and isostasy, have also played a role.


title: Trust and surveillance : four themes and definitions / by Stephanie Schutte.

subject:
Trust (Psychology)
Electronic surveillance

abstract: This is a study that examines the impacts surveillance can have on trust levels in society. The main purpose is to attempt to determine whether surveillance negotiates, manipulates, replaces or damages trust in others. The method of discourse analysis is used to uncover four dominant themes in surveillance literature - the Panopticon, the synopticon, security and resistance. Questions of trust are posed throughout each section and analyzed by using a single definition of trust. The definitions are derived from four different disciplines - business, sociology, social psychology and philosophy - to create a multidisciplinary and multidimensional perspective on trust. This research contributes to the surveillance literature by reinserting the question of trust.


title: Ordered supramolecular oligothiophene structures on passivated silicon surfaces

subject:
Bromination
Supramolecular organometallic chemistry
Integrated circuits Passivation

abstract: The adsorption of brominated tetrathienoanthracene molecules (TBTTA) onto the Si(111) 3-Ag surface has been studied. The molecules were absorbed at room temperature and annealed up to 400C. One monolayer of Ag was used to passivate the Si surface. Evidence provided by the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) images indicates that at low coverage the molecules readily form 2-d structures...


title: Catalytic decomposition of ammonia and tar for hot gas cleanup in biomass gasification using activated carbon supported catalysts and natural limonite ores

contributor:
Xu, C. Charles
Ohtsuka, Yasuo

subject:
Biomass gasification
Limonite
Ammonia
Catalysis
Tar

abstract: Biomass gasification produces a gas (or syngas) containing primarily CO2, H2, CO, CH4 and (C2+C3), as well as some contaminants such as tars, NH3, H2S and SO2. In order to achieve better efficiencies of the syngas applications, these contaminants must be removed or converted before the syngas is used for internal combustion, gas engines, and in particular for fuel cells and methanol synthesis. Compared with conventional wet scrubbing technologies, catalytic decomposition of ammonia and tar is more advantageous with respect to energy efficiencies.


title: The role of mindfulness in maternal mental health: a multi-method investigation

contributor:
Mazmanian, Dwight
Bedard, Michel
McQueen, Karen
Gordon, Jennifer

subject:
Perinatal mental health
Maternal mental health
Mindfulness (pregnancy, postpartum)
Wellbeing (pregnancy, postpartum)

abstract:
The purpose of the current series of 3 investigations was to determine if mindfulness is a skill
that may protect women’s mental health and wellbeing during pregnancy and the postpartum
period. Study 1 was a Canada-wide cross-sectional investigation of 481 pregnant and 498
postpartum women. Study 2 was a longitudinal follow-up of 150 pregnant women who
participated in Study 1. Study 3 was a randomized-control trial of a community sample of 29
pregnant participants who were randomly assigned to either a Brief Mindfulness Group (MG) or
a Comparison Group (CG). Participants in all 3 studies completed questionnaires assessing
various mental health symptoms, wellbeing variables, and mindfulness engagement. In Study 3,
participants also provided feedback on their program experience. In both Study 1 and 2, a
negative association was observed between mindfulness engagement and several measures of
mental health (stress, depression, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms) and difficulties
in mother-infant bonding, with moderate to large effect sizes. As well, a positive association was
observed between mindfulness engagement and measures of wellbeing (resiliency and quality of
life), as well as a measure of mania (Study 1 only). In Study 3, the results did not reveal
statistically significant group differences on the mental health or wellbeing measures. However,
it was found that both the MG and CG were well received by participants and that subjective
impressions by participants in both groups were that the groups were beneficial for their
wellbeing. Combined, the results suggest that mindfulness may protect pregnant and postpartum
women’s mental health and wellbeing. Future research might examine the potential benefits of a
lengthier perinatal mindfulness program in cultivating mindfulness skills and to better determine
if an extended program may be helpful as a pro-active supportive intervention to protect maternal
mental health and wellbeing during pregnancy and the postpartum period


title: Lived experience of a Christian school teacher in comparison with the philosophies and policies of Christian Schools International

contributor:
Blaikie, Fiona
McLeod, Roderick W.

subject:
Church schools
Religion in the public schools
Church and education

abstract:
This study examines and compares the lived experience of a
Christian school teacher with the philosophies and policies of Christian
Schools International. A qualitative approach was used as the methodology
and characteristics o f this research paradigm complimented the purpose of
the study. Data were collected, analyzed and interpreted over a period of
two years using taped interviews, journals, and non-participant
observations. Analysis was conducted using a coding system to categorize,
synthesize, search for patterns, and interpret the data. The data were sorted
into themes based upon the coding scheme. These themes were then
discussed with the teacher for verification and analyzed according to how
they contribute to describing the lived experience o f a Christian teacher.
Findings of this study provide insight into how a Christian teacher
endeavors to fulfill school policies in her pedagogy through curriculum
development, evaluation, and building community.
Insight is gained into how teaching Christianly moves from
influence to theory to practice as I examine the influences o f family and
friends, teaching as a calling, learning to teach, metaphors for the teaching
experience, molding the intellect, spirituality, and community. Each o f
these themes are then discussed in relation to the expectations o f Christian
Schools International: love for God; for students; competence and vision;
and, building community both within and outside the Christian school.


title: Childrens' application of a verbal-nonverbal consistency principle to infer truth and lying

subject:
Truthfulness and falsehood
Nonverbal communication
Facial expression

abstract:
Research supports the conclusion that adults/adolescents
employ a verbal-nonverbal consistency principle to determine
whether others are telling the truth as opposed to lying
(Friedman, 1978; DePaulo & Rosenthal, 1979). The
verbal-nonverbal consistency rule specifies that an individual
is perceived as telling the truth, as opposed to lying, when
there is consistency in the affect exhibited between his/her
verbal and nonverbal communication. In the study, kindergarten,
second and fourth grade children were presented a) a set of
specific verbal communications and b) a set of general verbal
communications. After each verbal communication they were asked
to indicate what facial expression the speaker would show if
he/she was telling the truth and lying. It was found that use
of the verbal -nonverbal consistency principle increased as a
function of age. Fourth grade children showed the
verbal-nonverbal consistency principle for both specific and
general verbal communications by selecting facial expressions
that matched the valence of the verbal communication for telling
the truth and the facial expressions that do not match the
valence of the verbal communication for lying.


title: Community dynamics resulting from an experimental pulse fishery on the walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum Mitchill) in Henderson Lake

subject: Walleye (Fish) Ontario Henderson Lake

subject:
Population density, age structure, production and
biomass of walleye, northern pike and white suckers

abstract:
Henderson Lake is a small 151 ha boreal percid lake
approximately 128km northwest of Thunder Bay. A pulse fishery
conducted from 1980 to 1982 inclusively, removed 3226 walleye
reducing the stock to very low levels (Reid, 1985).
The. current study had four objectives: first, to continue
monitoring the population density, age structure, production and
biomass of walleye, northern pike and white suckers; second, to
collect comparative walleye age and growth data from a nearby
control lake; thirdly, to investigate the feeding ecology of
young of the year walleye as well as to discern any potential
competitive interactions with the superabundant yellow perch
population; and fourth, to review the community dynamics of
Henderson Lake for signs of shifts in species abundance and
growth in response to the walleye exploitation. These data
provided interesting insights into the feasibility of a pulse
fishery as an alternative walleye management strategy.
Since 1980, the walleye decreased in mean age to maturity
and increased in fecundity and growth (Reid, 1985) but
unexpectedly, had five consecutive years of recruitment failure
between 1980 and 1984. Normal walleye recruitment in the nearby
Lanigon Lake suggests that the year class failures in Henderson
Lake were not due to climatic factors. Possible causes include
recruitment overfishing (Cushing, 1977) exacerbated by variable
spring water thermal regimes.
The stunted yellow perch population, the principal forage species, both increased in abundance and became further stunted
in response to reduced walleye predation. Four years after
removal stopped, northern pike aged four and older increased both
in growth as well as fecundity. As recruitment increased growth
of young pike stabilized. Pike production, biomass and turnover
rates dramatically increased from 1982 to 1986. These changes
were probably a delayed response to improved forage opportunities
and decreased walleye abundance. No changes were observed in the
sucker population in response to the walleye removal.
The first evidence for walleye population recovery came
with production of strong year classes in 1985 and 1986. Young of
the year (YOY) walleye in Henderson Lake grew faster than any
others reported in the literature with the exception of Lake Erie
fish in 1959 (Parsons, 1972) . YOY walleye made regular
crepuscular feeding forays into shallow water with peaks of
activity at 21;20hr at a mean ambient light intensity of
2.76W/m^. Stomach contents revealed a diet of fish (94.68-
99.79% by weight) most of which were YOY yellow perch. Dietary
overlap indices between YOY walleye and adult yellow perch in the
length ranges of 91-131mm and 131-200mm (total length) indicated
that perch were potential competitors with 10-41% and 10-33%
dietary overlap, respectively.
The recovery period for walleye must be reasonably brief
if pulse fishing is to be a viable method of walleye management.
Both the increase in perch abundance, and consequentially pike
production, may delay reestablishment of walleye densities
sufficient to support another pulse fishery. The variable spring thermal regime and short growing season imposed by the northtemperate
climate of Henderson Lake delayed the responses in the
percid community. Pulse fishing as an alternative management
strategy must consider the possibility of recruitment failure,
time lags in the community dynamics and interspecific suppression
of the recovery process and even complete collapse.


title: Disordered eating among Ontario adults and older adolescents : prevalence, co-morbidities, and healthcare utilization

subject: Eating disorders (Ontario, Treatment)

subject: Eating disorders (Psychological aspects)

subject: Co-morbidities of disordered eating

abstract:
Research has shown substantial co-morbidities of disordered eating with various psychological
and medical indices, including alcohol dependence, substance abuse, affective disorders,
depression, physical disabilities, obesity, and diabetes. However, most research on disordered
eating and psychological and medical co-morbidities has focussed on adolescent, clinical
populations, and has originated from the United States and the United Kingdom. The current
study investigated the prevalence and co-morbidities of disordered eating in a non-clinical
representative sample of Ontario adults and older adolescents, and addressed the issue of
healthcare utilization in this population, by analysing data from the Canadian Community Health
Survey, Cycle 1.2-Mental Health and Well-Being (CCHS 1.2). Results indicated a higher level of
disordered eating than has been shown in previous studies, and substantial co-morbidities of
disordered eating. Results also indicated that many disordered eating individuals did not utilize
healthcare services due to negative attitudes toward the healthcare system. Co-morbid
respondents were more likely to utilize healthcare services and to report barriers to healthcare
services. Treatment options need to address the overlapping nature of disordered eating and
other health and psychological factors, and also need to address a more general negative body
image, in addition to the more formal problem of disordered eating.


title: In/visible families : exploring the experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer, trans-identified, and two-spirited parents in Northern Ontario school communities / by Natalie Rowlandson.

title: Invisible families : exploring the experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer, trans-identified, and two-spirited parents in Northern Ontario school communities

subject:
Gay parents
Parent-teacher relationships
Children of gay parents - Education
Northwestern Ontario

abstract:
The purpose of this study was to learn about the nature of interactions between Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Queer, Trans-identified, and Two-Spirited (LGBQTT) parents and their children’s teachers and school principals. A case study and narrative inquiry methodology was used to examine the research questions in this study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to capture the experiences o f six parents in Northern Ontario. This method of study allowed for each participant to tell their own story about their thoughts, feelings, and perceptions about being an LGBQTT parent in a school community. Five common themes were identified during data
analysis. These themes were: (1) coming out at school; (2) impact of disclosure on their children; (3) acceptance and validation; (4) lack of representation of non-normative families; and (5) high parental involvement in their children’s schools. The participants in this study emphasized the
importance of full disclosure of family structure in school. They felt accepted and validated by school staff, but were acutely aware that homophobia and heterosexism nevertheless exists in school communities. The thesis concludes with recommendations for teachers, principals, and LGBQTT parents, as well as ideas for future research.


title: Environmental Considerations for Wet Mining Peatlands in Northwestern Ontario

contributor:
Lee, Peter
Mackereth, Robert
Leung, Kam
Carney, Joseph

subject:
Peatlands
Water quality changes
Peat mining
Bioaccumulation
Sugar solution separation

abstract:
Signi cant changes in water quality were detected using a Before-After-Control-Impact
(BACI) experimental design. Porewater showed increases in pH, alkalinity, conductivity
(including Ca, Mg, K, Na), some metals (Sr, Ba, Mn, Fe) and total nitrogen (TN) in
the mined and restored plot. Change in surface water total mercury (THg) was linked
to total suspended solids (TSS) and limited to active phases of wet mining. The season
mining ceased, TSS and THg concentrations in impacted surface waters were similar to
reference site water (<5 mg L􀀀1 and <4 ng L􀀀1, respectively).
Experimentally derived 28 day dry weight Biota-Sediment Bioaccumulation Factors
(BSAFs) for THg using Lumbriculus variegatus exposed to site sediment ranged from 0.91
to 1.59, while indigenous benthos ranged from 1.2 to 6.8. The BSAFs for methylmercury
(MeHg) ranged from 9.92 to 67.4 and benthos from 21.8 to 106. A kinetic trial with
inorganic mercury (iHg) spiked sediment, showed tissue THg reached steady state (11.5 d,
model BSAF=3.12). Both tissue and sediment MeHg for the same trial showed linear
increases (model BSAF=8.38), suggesting an increase in MeHg concentration in sediment
would result in a corresponding MeHg increase in L. variegatus tissue.


title: Role of social comparison in exposure to athletic media images on body image, mood, and desire to exercise

subject:
Body image
Exercise (Psychological aspects)

abstract:
The purpose of this study was to examine the role of social comparison
and the impact of idealized athletic images in the media on body image and mood.
The participants consisted of 90 undergraduate males and 132 undergraduate
females from Lakehead University. One-week prior to the experimental
manipulation, the participants completed a questionnaire package with the
following instruments: Multiple Affect Adjective Checklist-Revised, visual
analog scales for body image, State Self-Esteem Scale, Body-Image Ideals
Questionnaire, Usual Physical Activity, Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire,
Exercise Identity Scale, and Reasons for Exercise. At time 2, the participants were
randomly assigned to view either idealized images of female or male models
exercising. The participants then completed the mood and body image
questionnaires. Female participants reported a decrease in positive body image, a
decrease in positive affect, and an increase in desire to exercise following
exposure to athletic female models. The findings also indicated that exercise
frequency, exercise identity, body image, and exercising for motives of fitness,
attractiveness, and tone all predicted change in these state measures. Female
participants who viewed male athletic models reported a decrease in positive
affect following exposure. Male participants who viewed male athletic models
reported a decrease in positive affect following exposure. These findings provide
partial support for Festinger’s (1954) theory of social comparison. It would appear
that the impact of athletic media images is less aversive for males than females.


title: Is patch use determined by fine-scale microhabitat differences or density dependent habitat selection?

contributor:
Morris, Douglas
Mallik, Azim
Hecnar, Stephen

subject:
Microtus Habitat
Habitat selection
Microtus Food

abstract:
If individuals base their patch and habitat choices on fine-scale differences in
microhabitat, then their use o f patches, defined by capture sites, should correspond with
measures o f microhabitat. But if individuals assess and respond to habitat at larger spatial
scales, then site use should correspond with habitat selection at those scales. I tested these
predictions by monitoring the distribution of meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) in
0.25ha old-field enclosures in northern Ontario, Canada (the Lakehead University
Habitron). I varied the population density in two pairs of adjacent enclosures and tested for
habitat selection with habitat isodars. Three of four isodars were statistically significant,
but even so, meadow voles were vague density-dependent habitat selectors. The use of
capture sites was related to microhabitat only in the one case where isodars failed to detect
density-dependent habitat selection. Otherwise, site use was related to the number of
animals living in paired enclosures. Site use by meadow voles was determined primarily
by density-dependent habitat selection.


title: Ultimate tensile deformation and strength capacity of shear tab connections

contributor:
Gong, Yanglin
Deng, Jian
Salem, Sam

subject:
Shear tab connection
Steel construction industry
Shear tab strength and deformation

abstract:
Single plate or shear tab is a common simple connection to connect steel beams to columns. The connection is traditionally designed for the shear load transferred from the supported beam only, while it has long been recognized that the shear connection can resist a certain amount of tensile force in the longitudinal direction of the supported beam which is critical to preserve the integrity of a structure. Canadian standard CSA/S16-14 explicitly states that connections shall be designed to provide resistance to progressive collapse as a consequence of a local failure. However, few specific design requirements are provided in the standard. Hence, the main objective of this research is to quantify the deformation and strength capacities of shear-tab connections when subjected to a pure tension or a combined tension and shear load in the context of progressive collapse resistance.
First, a set of full-scale shear tab connection specimens were tested under a pure tension load. The results from the experiments are then used to verify and calibrate a finite element model of the connections. Thirdly, the finite element model is used to conduct a parametric study to determine the impact of tab thickness, tab edge distance, bolt diameter and the combined effect of tension and shear load. Finally, a formulation describing the relationship between the tensile force and the axial deformation for the shear tab connections is developed.


title: An intelligent monitoring system for online induction motor fault diagnostics

subject: Induction motor

subject: Wireless smart sensors

subject: Smart sensor-based data acquisition systems

subject: Induction motor monitoring

abstract:
For more than a century, the induction motor (IM) has been the powerhouse
industrial applications such as machine tools, manufacturing facilities, pumping stations,
and more recently, in electric vehicles. In addition, IMs account for approximately 40%-
45% of the annual global electricity consumption. Therefore it is a critical issue to
improve IM operation efficiency and reliability. In applications, unexpected failures of
IMs can result in extensive production loss and increased costs. The classical preventive
maintenance procedures involve periodic stoppages of IMs for inspection. If such
procedures result in no faults found in the machine, as is common in practice, the
unnecessary downtimes will increase operational costs significantly. This inefficiency
can be addressed by condition monitoring, whereby sensors relay information about the
IM in real-time, allowing for incipient IM fault diagnosis. Such a process involves three
general stages:
• Data acquisition: A process to collect data using appropriate sensors.
• Fault detection: A means to process collected data, extract representative fault
features, and determine the condition of the motor components.
• Fault classification: A means to automatically classify fault data to allow
decision-making on whether or not the motor is healthy or damaged.
However, there are challenges with the above stages that are at present, barriers to the
industrial adoption of condition monitoring, such as:
• Implementation limitations of traditional wired sensors in industrial plants.
• The restrictive memory and range capabilities of existing commercial wireless
sensors.
• Challenges related to misleading representative fault signals and means to
quantify the fault features.
• A means to adaptively classify the data without prior knowledge given to a fault
classification system.
To address these challenges, the objective of this work is to develop a smart sensor-based
IM fault diagnostic system targeted for real industrial applications. Specific projects
pertaining to this objective include the following:
 Smart sensor-based wireless data acquisition systems: A smart sensor network
including current and vibration sensors, which are compact, inexpensive, lowpower, and longer-range wireless transmission.
• Fault detection: A new method to more reliably extract the representative fault
features, applicable under all IM loading conditions.
• Fault quantification: A new means to transform fault features into a monitoring
fault index.
• Fault classification: An evolving classification system developed to track and
identify groups of fault index information for automatic IM health condition
monitoring.
Results show that: (1) the wireless smart sensors are able to effectively collect data from
the induction motor, (2) the fault detection and quantification techniques are able to
efficiently extract representative fault features, and (3) the online diagnostic classifier
diagnoses the induction motor condition with an average accuracy of 99.41%.


title: Design and implementation of a tunable vibration absorber and a time-delayed vibration absorber

contributor:
Liu, Kefu
Bai, Hao

subject:
Vibration Control
Time delay systems
Automatic control

abstract: Includes studies of a tunable electromagnetic vibration absorber and a time-delayed vibration absorber.


title: Seeing education through two pairs of eyes : an investigation of community involvement in the education system of a Northern Cree community

subject: Cree children Education (Secondary) Quebec Chisasibi

subject: Native children Education Canada

subject: Cree children Education Quebec Chisasibi

abstract:
This qualitative emergent research study investigated the perceptions of involvement of
Aboriginal community members in the formal secondary education system of a Northern Cree
community by using a grounded theory approach. In researching, a deliberate attempt was
made to work from an Indigenist and postcolonial paradigm by using a participatory approach
which valued the participants as co-inquirers and included them in the determination of the
research process. Participants were involved in negotiation of research questions, data
collection technique, analysis, and in the interpretation of data. The research study found that
parents are and wish to be involved in our children’s formal education, that community members
feel disassociated from our community education system, that this disassociation results mainly
from issues of cultural dissonance and the community’s historical experience with
institutionalized education, and that community members long for a sense of ownership of and
connection to the system we have chosen to use in educating our children. Above all, we found
that educational success for our children is highly important to this community’s members.


title: Evaluating DNA Extraction and Analysis of Ancient Seeds: A Study in Peach

contributor:
Matheson, Carney
Leung, Kam
Malek, Ladislav

subject:
History and structure of DNA
DNA preservation
Peach background and domestication
Genetic studies of peach

abstract: The peach (Prunus persica) is one of the most widely grown stone fruit in the world but its origin and domestication is still being debated. Genetic research has focused on identifying desirable genes for agricultural purposes, suitable genetic targets for species identification, the development of a genetic linkage map for the peach, and ultimately the publication of the whole genome by the International Peach Genome Initiative. However, there has been no genetic research applied to ancient peach stones. In the present study DNA was extracted from modern peach samples collected from the Zhejiang Province in China to assess the most effective methods to extract DNA from seeds. These methods were then applied to an archaeological peach stone collected from the Maoshan archaeological site in China dated to the Liangzhu Culture Period. A search for previously sequenced genetic targets from P. persica and its wild species P. ferganensis, P. mira, P. kansuensis, and P. davidiana was performed to search for suitable genes for genetic and phylogenetic analysis. Phylogenetic analysis was used to evaluate the genetic targets for species identification. A Type II chlorophyll a/b-binding protein gene (Lhcb2) was identified as an ideal marker for species identification for ancient peach specimens due to its small amplicon size and ability to amplify DNA from low quantities. Chloroplast DNA and microsatellite markers were assessed for their ability to distinguish between peach and its various wild species. Several chloroplast genes successfully amplified DNA in the modern peach samples (rbcL, psbM-trnD, clpP), but were not successful when applied to ancient samples. GC-MS analysis was performed on the ancient peach stones to determine whether miscoding lesions were present in the DNA sequence which may have led to amplification failure. Damage due to oxidation and hydrolysis are consistent with the location in which the stone was collected and suggest the possibility of exposure to water and burning. Both sources of damage may explain the lack of amplification of these archeological samples.


title: Application of artificial intelligence in fault detection and classification of solar power plants and prediction of power generation of combined cycled power plants

contributor:
Uddin, Mohammad
Ikki, Salama
Yassine, Abdulsalam

subject: Solar energy

subject: Renewable energy

subject: Photovoltaic energy

subject: Photovoltaic (PV) panels

subject: Predicting power generation

subject: Fault detection and classification of PV images

abstract:
Solar energy is one of the most dependable renewable energy technologies, as it is feasible
almost everywhere globally and is environmentally friendly. Photovoltaic-based renewable energy
systems are highly susceptible to power grid transients. Their operation may suffer drastically
during faults in the solar arrays, power electronics, and the inverter. Thus, it is vital to develop an
intelligent mechanism to detect any type of fault or abnormalities within the shortest possible time
that will increase reliability and decrease the maintenance cost of the solar system. To accomplish
that, in this research, different artificial intelligence (AI) techniques are utilized to develop
classification, fault detection, and optimization algorithms for solar photovoltaic (PV) panels.
Initially, a convolutional neural network (CNN) model was designed to detect and classify PV
modules based on the images taken from the solar panels. It is found that the proposed CNN model
can identify the fault with an accuracy of 91.1% for binary (i.e., healthy and faulty) and 88.6% for
multi-classification (i.e. cracked, shadowy, dusty and normal). However, sometimes the fault in
the solar panel may not be detectable from the images of the solar panels. That is why an adaptive
neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) model is developed to detect and classify the defects of PV
systems based on the signals collected from the solar panels. The performance of the developed
defect detection and classification algorithms was tested using real-life solar farm datasets. The
performance of the proposed ANFIS-based fault detection scheme has been compared with
different machine learning algorithms. It is found from the comparative results that the proposed
ANFIS-based fault detection technique is robust and straightforward. Thus, the developed ANFISbased intelligent technique will enhance the reliability of the PV system by minimizing the
maintenance cost and saving energy.
Finally, another ANFIS model is developed to predict the power generation in a combined
cycle power plant. The codes were written in MATLAB, and their validity is confirmed with the
available ANFIS toolboxes in MATLAB. The proposed ANFIS is found capable of successfully
predicting power generation with extremely high accuracy and being much faster than the built-in
ANFIS of MATLAB Toolbox. Thus, the developed ANFIS model could be utilized as a promising
tool for energy generation applications.


title: Examination of the role of the multiple intelligences in studies of effective teaching

contributor:
Epp, Walter
Epp, Juanita

subject:
Effective teaching
Teacher effectiveness
Multiple intelligences

abstract:
The purpose of this study is to evaluate selected teacher effectiveness research for elements of multiple intelligence (MI) theory. In order to acquire a more holistic picture of the nature of effective teaching, this study explores teacher effectiveness research through a MI framework in the effort to create a better understanding of effective teaching practices. The importance of this research to teachers lies in its attention to how effective teaching is defined and how effective teaching can be better understood. This research also directs focus on a greater awareness of the role of the teacher, especially when jurisdictions are demanding serious evaluations and examinations of teachers' work.
The results indicate a large discrepancy between the intelligences and their representation in teacher effectiveness research. Interpretation of the numbers reveals that there is no clear balance in what is being measured or in what has emerged as themes in teacher effectiveness research. The study also indicates future directions for advancing MI theory into the educational system.


title: Key factors influencing First Nation youth perspectives on forest management and capacity development in northern Ontario, Canada

contributor:
Shahi, Chander
Luckai, Nancy
Smith, Peggy

subject: First Nation youth (forestry-related issues)

subject: Forest sector relationships

subject: Policies and capacity development

subject: Forest management

abstract: First Nation youth often play a central, though indirect, role in Ontario’s forest sector as the beneficiaries of capacity-building arrangements, employment opportunities and cultural-retention initiatives. Correspondingly, recent peer-reviewed literature has emphasized the need to engage First Nation youth directly regarding the forestry-related issues that affect them. Such steps will help to ensure that forest policy and youth-focused capacity development initiatives fully realize their intended benefits and remain relevant into the future. Despite this imperative, the direct engagement of First Nation youth remains a major outstanding gap in the research. This exploratory study endeavoured to fill the current knowledge gap by directly engaging First Nations youth participants in the First Nations Natural Resources Youth Employment Program through semi-structured interviews and focus group activities. Using inductive, qualitative grounded theory analysis, four key perspective-influencing factors were identified: relationship; natural and socioeconomic cycles; intergenerational equity; and the resource trap. These explanatory factors indicate that participants’ thought processes and worldviews are deeply grounded in and affected by the unique historical experiences, sociocultural traditions and contemporary lived realities of their First Nation communities. Forest sector relationships, policies and capacity development initiatives in Ontario could thus be supported through the adoption of several specific policy directions, including: mandating comprehensive social impact analysis as a component of forest management planning; including specific funding for education and employment supports within broader capacity development initiatives; and supporting additional opportunities for culturally-rooted, land-based, experiential learning for First Nation youth.


title: Investigation of wood fibre recovery and related economics of four harvesting systems common to Northwestern Ontario

subject: Wood fibre recovery

subject: Logging (Economic aspects Ontario, Northwestern)

subject: Efficient harvesting systems

abstract:
Wood fibre recovery levels of harvesting systems have increased steadily since
the advent of mechanized logging in northwestern Ontario. Although wood utilization
levels are commonly better than the legal specifications there remains room for
improvement. Better knowledge of wood utilization levels can lead to a more efficient
choice of harvesting systems and/or the improvement of elements within given
harvesting systems. More efficient harvesting systems can be used to meet management
goals of lower wood costs, greater fibre recovery, and/or less extensive cutting. The
objectives of this study were to: I) determine the relative amounts of wood fibre
recovery of various harvesting systems currently being employed in northwestern
Ontario, 2) quantify die amount of waste wood produced at each elements of those
harvesting systems, and 3) determine the overall economic impact of achieving better
recovery.
Sampling of wasted wood fibre from each element of three common harvesting
systems; full-tree chipping (FT-CH), full-tree to roadside with shortwood to mill (FT-
SW), and cut-to-Iength (CTL), occurred over two summers o f typical operations.
Detailed models of fibre recovery were developed for these three harvesting systems. As
well, logical extrapolations were used to develop a fibre utilization model for a fourth
system; full-tree to roadside with tree-length to mill (FT-TL). A wood flow analysis was
conducted on a case study area using a raster based geographic information system.
Results indicate that the most efficient systems in terms of fibre recovery are the FT-CH
and the CTL system. The geographic wood flow analysis revealed that significantly less
area would be required to be harvested if more efficient harvesting systems were used.
Marginal cost analysis revealed that the CTL system should not be used to replace the
FT-SW system. Slight reductions in the cost of the CTL system would, however, make
the system more cost advantageous in the long term.


title: Operant conditioning of spitting behaviour in the archer fish (Toxotes jaculator)

subject:
Archer fishes
Operant conditioning

abstract:
The archer fish, Toxotesjaculator, has the ability to knock
insects out of the air by spitting at them. Although many studies
have been done using the archer fish, it has never been
considered from the operant conditioning perspective. In the
wild the fish does not always get the prey at which it spits.
Therefore, it is possible that a Variable Ratio (VR) schedule of
reinforcement is involved in the spitting process. In an effort to
understand this behaviour, one must first demonstrate operant
conditioning with the spitting response. This hypothesis was
tested in the laboratory with three fish in three indentical tanks,
each with a target apparatus, an automatic food dispenser; all
were attached to a PET computer to control the schedules and to
record responses and reinforcements. All three fish were
successfully shaped to spit at the target and all came under
control of a Continuous Reinforcement (CRF), a Variable Ratio 3,
5, 8, and 10 schedule of reinforcement. I also found that the fish
showed greater resistance to extinction following a VR 10
schedule relative to CRF. The results of this experiment suggest
operant learning principles can be used to control the spitting
behaviour of the archer fish.


title: Test of the effectiveness of attributional feedback in reducing negative behavior in distressed couples

subject:
Attribution (Social psychology)
Marriage counseling

abstract:
A noted feature of distressed couples is that
their conflict discussions begin normally but soon
escalate into negative exchanges. They tend to
attribute their conflict to the negative personality
traits of their partner, and view their own negative
actions as justified reactions to their partner's
behavior. In the present study ten couples discussed
high conflict issues and received video and verbal
feedback about their attributional discrepancies on
three occasions over one month. Videotapes of the
discussions and self-report measures were analyzed to
determine whether the feedback was effective in
reducing negative conversational behavior. It was
found that couples: (1) accepted more responsibility
for the conflict across sessions; (2) exhibited less
negative reciprocity on session 3 than on session 2,
and more positive reciprocity in session 3 than in the
earlier sessions; and (3) reported feeling that they
were more successful in resolving sessions 2 and 3 than
session 1 However, the results were generally quite
weak and it was concluded that there was only tentative
support for the use of video and attributional feedback
in assisting distressed couples.


title: Narrative structure in three novels of the Vietnam War

subject: Vietnamese Conflict, 1961-1975 Fiction History and criticism

abstract:
This thesis analyzes the process by which three American novels
about the Vietnam War—David Halberstam*s One Very Hot Day^ Gustav
Hasford*s The Short-Timers, and Stephen Wright's Meditations in
Green—attempt simultaneously to reveal the chaos of the war and to
defuse its horror by containing it within artistic structures. Since
chaos is by definition formless, the result of this process,
paradoxically, is to underscore the intractable nature of Vietnam as a
subject for fiction. Each author creates a double-layered structure for
his novel which testifies to the chaos of Vietnam even as it imparts
order to it. The larger structure provides a strict literary frame,
which allows a limited but orderly expression of the Vietnam experience.
Authorial control over subject and form is maintained on this level of
structure through the development of revelatory fictions, closed texts,
and the prudent application of specific narrative techniques adapted from
cinema. In the sub-structure, contained within the larger frame, the
protagonist mirrors the author's activity by imposing imaginative
structures on the war in order to protect his psyche from its destructive
might. To this end, the protagonist works to control his perception of
the war through self-embedded retreats into memory, fantasy, or fiction.
However, these escapist internal fictions and interior monologues are
futile in that they cannot withstand the war's destabilizing effect.
Thus, whereas the larger structure constitutes the imposition of form on
chaos, the sub-structure depicts the overwhelining of form by the chaotic destruction of the war. The sub-structure is thus an iinplicit caranent on
the inadequacy of artistic forms as a defense against the war. Yet,
paradoxically, such artistic shaping is necessary to any fictional
representation of the war. Therefore, this thesis argues that the
tension between form and chaos—as represented by the two levels of
structure—is vital to the success of these novels as honest, literary
portrayals of the Vietnam War.
This thesis also contains a canprehensive glossary of terms and
phrases which were used by American servicemen in Vietnam, and which
frequently appear in the many novels of the war. For the layman
unfamiliar with the jargon of the war or of the military, this glossary
is, in itself, an introduction to the contrary inpulses of order and
chaos which worked on the Americans in Vietnam in that it demonstrates
the extreme linguistic efforts made during that era to standardize,
stabilize, and contain the essentially intractable experience of the war.


title: Morphology and anatomy of the moose (Alces alces L.) bell and its possible functions / by H. R. (Tim) Timmermann. --

subject:
Moose.
Moose Anatomy.


title: The effects of moderate exercise on cognitive, cervical, and vestibulo-ocular functioning in healthy individuals: a pilot study

contributor:
Sanzo, Paolo
Zerpa, Carlos
Newhouse, Ian

subject:
Persistent concussion symptons
Concussion

abstract:
While cognitive and physical rest have long been the protocol that most physicians have recommended for concussions, there has been an increase in interest with regards to the prescription of low intensity symptom-limited aerobic exercise in this population. This highlights a gap in the research examining the impact of moderate intensity aerobic exercise as well as cervical strengthening in healthy controls to serve as a baseline for future testing. The purpose of this research was to examine the impact of three separate 6-week supervised and individualized exercise programs when compared to a control group on cognitive and cervical functioning in a sample of 18-35 year old healthy individuals. The four programs were composed of 40 participants who were divided equally amongst the following groups; control group, a moderate intensity aerobic group, cervical strengthening group, and a vestibulo-ocular training group. The participant’s cognitive, cervical, and vestibulo-ocular functioning was assessed pre- and post-treatment. Depending on the assigned groups, participants either continued their daily living (control group) or participated in progressive aerobic cycling sessions (aerobic group), progressive cervical strengthening sessions (cervical group), or progressive vestibulo-ocular retraining sessions (vestibulo-ocular group) three times a week for 6-weeks. Analysis was conducted using a mixed MANOVA and further analyzed with a repeated measures paired t-test and two mixed factorial ANOVAs, with a rejection criteria set at a level of p<.05.
When looking at the main effects, the discriminant analysis revealed a statistically significant difference across time for all ImPACT® test battery scores, F(3, 36)=2908.1, p=.00001, Wilks’ Λ=.003, ηp2=.997. There was a statistically significant main effect of time Chin Tuck Head Lift Test (CTHLT) scores, F(3, 36)=6.639, p=.014, Wilks’ Λ=.844, ηp2=.156.
The findings in the current study can serve as baseline and foundational research and are clinically relevant as they may suggest that individualized exercise programs do not adversely affect healthy controls, but rather help to maintain or even improve current levels of cognitive and cervical functioning.


title: Modeling and control of various styles of paper machine headboxes

subject: Papermaking machinery (Automatic control)

subject: Headbox

abstract:
In this thesis non-linear mathematical models of a typical paper machine approach system
with three different styles of headboxes are presented. The non-linear models include the
dynamics of the fan pump, DC motor, pressure screen, attenuator, headbox and piping sections.
Headbox models of a hydraulic and two air-cushioned headboxes (traditional and internal weir)
are covered. The models were developed from first principles.
Total head at the headbox slice is controlled by manipulation of the applied armature
voltage of the variable speed DC motor. Stock level in the air-cushioned headboxes is controlled
by manipulation of the air pad bleed valve. Simple analog Proportional-Integral (PI) controllers
were selected to track without offset the desired level and total head set-points. The downhill
simplex method developed by Nelder and Mead was used for controller fine-tuning. The
performance criterion was the integrated absolute error (IAE) with weighting factors for both
pressure and level loops.
Frequency responses for each model were generated using a commercially available
software program called EASY5™. Step and frequency response plots were generated at
operating points of 60, 75 and 90 kPa to evaluate the non-linear behaviour of each headbox
model. The step response plots highlighted the strong interaction that exists between level and
pressure loops of the air-cushioned headboxes. With the PI gains used the transient responses of
the pressure loop of all headboxes were underdamped. The open-loop frequency responses in all
models illustrated the non-linearity of the centrifugal fan pump. In addition the effect of the fan
pump on the stock level and total head was found to be strong. The effect of the bleed valve on
the stock level was also determined to be strong. With the traditional headbox the effect of the
bleed valve on the total head was found to be weak whereas with the weir headbox at low
frequencies it was found to be strong.
One-way decoupling was proposed to improve the control performance of the aircushioned
headbox level loop. For simplicity a lead / lag compensator was selected to
approximate the ideal decoupling frequency response determined directly from the open-loop
frequency responses. A significant reduction in stock level deviations before and after the
addition of one-way decoupling in both the time and frequency domain was observed thereby
proving its usefulness when combined with the feedback PI controllers.


title: Effects of process operating conditions on performance and membrane fouling in submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs)

contributor:
Liao, Baoqiang
Fatehi, Pedram
Qin, Wensheng

subject:
Anaerobic membrane treatment process
Anaerobic membrane bioreactor
Membrane bioreactor
Membrane fouling

abstract:
Submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (SAnMBR) technology is becoming an attractive alternative for industrial wastewater treatment as it improves the biological process while allowing for the recovery of energy through biogas production. However, membrane fouling presents one of the main drawbacks of the technology. It is generally believed that operating below the critical flux can reduce the fouling rate. Another drawback hampering the wide-spread application of the SAnMBR technology is its competitors, mainly conventional high-rate anaerobic systems, like up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors which are known for their high OLRs (up to 40 kgCOD/m3.d). This Thesis focused on two parts. In the first part, investigated the effects of sparging rates (8.72, 6.0 and 4.38 m3/m2.h) and mixed liquor total solids (MLTS) concentrations (15, 10.6, 7.7 and 5.7 g/L) on the critical flux in a short term study. The study concluded that both MLTS concentration and sparging rate are key factors to be considered for optimization of the SAnMBR. Critical flux increased as the sparging rate increased for all MLTS concentrations, but no further increase was noted above (6.0 m3/m2.h). The relationship between the critical flux and MLTS concentrations of 5.7, 7.7 and 10.6 g/L can be approximated by a linear relationship for all the sparging intensities tested (the critical flux decreased as MLTS concentrations increased), but no further decrease in the critical flux was noted at MLTS concentration of 15.0 g/L. The short term study was followed by a long term study to validate the concept of the critical flux. The SAnMBR was operated at sub-critical flux but membrane fouling occurred (decreased flux and increased TMP) within five weeks operation mainly caused by a gel layer formation. The results suggest that the concept of critical flux is not valid for SAnMBRs. In the second part, a high-rate SAnMBR was developed. The results were stunning as the SAnMBR’s performance surpassed the UASB’s performance. The SAnMBR maintained organic loading rate (OLR) of 39.85 ± 1.14 Kg COD/m3.d for more than 100 days at chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of more than 99.7% (with very low effluent COD concentration of 42 ± 17 mg/L) and excellent biogas production (0.39 ± 0.07 L CH4 /g COD removed) and CH4 composition of 66.89% ± 1.52. The results suggest that SAnMBR can compete with UASB and achieved superior effluent quality for system closure or water reuse.
In part I, no membrane fouling was developed under stable operation for over 300 days. In part II, gel layer formation was the main mechanism of fouling. Inorganic fouling was more important than organic fouling in both part I and II studies.


title: The role of co-construction of the clock model in the development of fractional understanding in a grade 4/5 classroom

contributor:
Lawson, Alex
Berger, Paul

subject:
Study and teaching (Elementary)
Mathematics teachers
Mathematical models
Fractional understanding

abstract: The focus of this case study was to determine the impact of the co-construction and use of the clock model in the development of fractional understanding in a Grade 4/5 classroom. A pretest, instruction, midtest, intervention, posttest, retention test sequence was used. The teaching unit was developed to address six areas of student difficulty with fractions identified in the literature: factional parts are equal size portions, fraction symbols, improper fractions, size of unit fractions, estimation and comparison, and equivalent fractions. The clock model was co-constructed by the students with the teacher in the second half of the unit. Students used the clock model in four different forms: as an area model, as whole numbers of minutes, as equivalent fractions, and as an open clock. Although some students did not adopt the clock model, others used it with great success. Most students moved beyond using only landmark fractions of an hour to being able to work with thirds and sixths of an hour. The clock model helped some students to better understand the relationship between equivalent fractions. Recommendations are discussed.


title: Ruthenium half-sandwich complexes containing novel anionic (phosphino) tetraphenylborate ligands

subject: Ruthenium compounds

abstract: In an attempt to expand upon previous work involving ruthenium-arene complexes bearing anionic (phosphino) tetraphenylborate ligands, and possibly provide further insight into the products obtained, a series of metal complexes containing these anionic phosphines were synthesized.


title: Psychological and physiological predictors of the development and modulation of instrusive images

subject:
Psychological predictors
Physiological predictors
Development of intrusive images
Modulation of intrusive images
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

abstract:
Researchers have suggested that engaging in visuospatial tasks, such as the videogame
Tetris™, following a trauma may interfere with the development of intrusive images
associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The present study attempted to
replicate this finding using a trauma film paradigm. Furthermore, we were interested in
identifying if participants who played Tetris would show changes in other symptoms
associated with PTSD, such as enhanced startle responses. Participants (N = 129) were
asked to view a film with traumatic content and were then randomly assigned to play
either Tetris or to sit quietly for 10 min. Psychological reactivity (positive affect, negative
affect, and dissociation) and physiological reactivity (cardiac measure of sympathetic and
parasympathetic activity, heart rate, and salivary alpha amylase) were examined as
potential predictors of the frequency of intrusive images. Our findings indicated that
intrusive images occurred significantly less often amongst individuals assigned to the
Tetris game-play condition. We were able to identify that the frequency of intrusive
images was modulated by patterns of sympathetic arousal, dissociation, and affective
reactivity. Furthermore, our results indicated that individuals who engaged in the Tetris
task showed a heightened startle response to aversive material. These findings are
discussed in terms of their relevance to etiological models, and the prevention of PTSD.


title: Geology and geochemistry of the Terrace Bay batholith, N. Ontario

subject:
Terrace Bay Batholith
Mineralization in granites
Petrography
Whole-rock geochemistry
Granitoids

abstract:
The Terrace Bay Batholith is a 25 km long oval shaped granitoid intrusion located in the
western portion of the Schreiber-Hemlo greenstone belt, part of the larger Wawa-Abitibi terrane.
The pluton was emplaced at 2689±1.1 Ma and intrudes circa 2720 Ma metavolcanic rocks of the
Schreiber assemblage. The purpose of this study was to classify the Terrace Bay Batholith
petrographically and geochemically in order to investigate the petrogenesis and tectonic setting in
which the pluton formed, and to characterize the association with gold and base metal
mineralization.
Detailed mapping of the pluton can separate the pluton into three mineralogically distinct
lithologies: granodiorite (typically consisting of medium to coarse quartz and feldspar phenocrysts
with a groundmass of fine-grained amphibole, biotite, disseminated magnetite, and sulphide
minerals), a monzogranite (composed of medium-grained quartz and feldspar with increased
amounts of potassium feldspar and amphibole relative to the granodiorite), and a diorite
(composed of medium-grained amphibole and plagioclase with little to no quartz or potassium
feldspar present). Two types of hydrothermal alteration are present in the pluton: a chloriteepidote
and a pervasive hematite alteration. These are present across the pluton, and always in
proximity to cross-cutting regional scale faults or shears; however, no association was found
between gold mineralization and regional structures.
Whole-rock geochemical analyses were undertaken on 147 samples from the Terrace Bay
Batholith. Geochemically, the pluton is a homogenous calc-alkaline pluton, with minimal
geochemical change between lithologies. The pluton exhibits trace element signatures that are
characteristically arc-related signatures: fractionated heavy rare earth elements, negative high field
strength element anomalies, enrichment of Th over light rare earth elements and enrichment of
light rare earth elements. The fractionated heavy rare earth elements and the Th-Nb-La systematics
are consistent with formation in a subduction zone at depths where garnet is stable. The Sr/Y and
La/Yb signatures support formation within the garnet stability field and suggest small amount of
slab-derived melt incorporated into the mantle wedge. The isotopic signature suggests that the
pluton underwent minimal crustal contamination as shown by the depleted primitive mantle εNd
values ranging from +2.16 to +2.49.
The emplacement of the pluton was determined to be through multiple injections in the
intrusion from a single source. The pluton underwent prolonged fractional crystallization, creating
subtle mineralogical lithologies with no geochemical differences. The homogeneous nature of the
pluton suggests it is unlikely that there were numerous pulses because these would result in more
variation across the pluton.
Rhenium-Osmium isotope data were obtained on molybdenite to obtain an age of
mineralization for the pluton, yielding a value of 2671±12 Ma. The molybdenum mineralization is
spatially associated with gold mineralization in the pluton, suggesting that they were deposited
from the same hydrothermal event. As is common in Archean cratons, this age of mineralization is
syn- to post- both D2 and regional metamorphism, as well as postdating the emplacement of the
pluton. The gold and molybdenum mineralization in the pluton is generally disseminated
throughout with local occurrences hosted in quartz veins. Although these exhibit elevated gold and
molybdenum values there is no distinct mineralization style characterized with gold deposits. These
features can be explained by the magmatic vapor-dispersed system theory which suggests that
when a pluton is emplaced at depth, the aqueous phase will remain dispersed throughout the
pluton instead of concentrating in economic amounts.


title: Health, fitness, and life satisfaction in retired teachers

contributor:
Newhouse, Ian
Jamieson, John

subject:
Aging and physical activity
Retirement and physical activity
Retirement and teachers
Retirement satisfaction

abstract:
The purpose of this study was to describe the health, fitness, and life satisfaction of retired
teachers in Thunder Bay. Forty retired teachers (24 women, 16 men) aged 55 to 70 years
participated in the study. Fitness level, physical activity participation, and lifestyle habits
were measured according to the protocol of The Canadian Physical Activity, Fitness, and
Lifestyle Appraisal (CPAFLA), and compared to Estimated Health Benefit Zones. Fitness
level was also compared to norms from the 1981 Canada Fitness Survey (CFS). Over
50% of the sample scored Good or higher on all fitness measures, and on measures of
physical activity participation and lifestyle habits, over 90% scored in this range.
Comparisons to the CFS revealed average fitness levels, not markedly different from the
general Canadian population. Levels of high density lipoproteins (HDL), low density
lipoproteins (LDL), and triglycerides, as well as the ratio of total cholesterol to HDL were
in a range designated as healthy or desirable for at least 50% of the sample. Self-report
measures indicated a high level of satisfaction with retirement life, and extremely healthy
lifestyle behaviours. Both perceived health and life satisfaction were significantly
correlated with aerobic fitness, indicating possible benefits of maintaining a physically
active lifestyle during retirement. Retired teachers were found to be in good physical
health, possess exceptionally healthy behaviours with respect to lifestyle and physical
activity participation, and be extremely satisfied with retirement life.


title: Evaluation of the travel health and immunization services provided to the population of central Vancouver Island

subject: Travel Health aspects

subject: Immunization British Columbia Vancouver Island

subject: Vaccination British Columbia Vancouver Island


title: Two-and four-subtest short forms of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - revised : a comparative study with normals

subject:
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
Intelligence tests

abstract:
The concurrent validity of WAIS-R short forms was
evaluated in a sample of normal subjects. The accuracy
of short form IQ estimates from a standard
administration was compared with the accuracy of an IQ
estimate when the short form was administered first
followed by the remaining subtests. Two-subtest short
forms (Vocabulary/Block Design; Information/Picture
Completion) and four-subtest short forms (Arithmetic/
Similarities/Picture Completion/Digit Symbol;
Vocabulary/Block Design/Arithmetic/Picture Arrangement)
were examined. It was found that the performance of
the four-subtest short forms was comparable in both
administrative conditions. The Vocabulary/Block Design
short form was a good estimate of full scale IQ when
administered first and overestimated full scale IQ when
rescored. The role of motivational factors in short
form estimates is discussed. The Information/Picture
Completion short form had low validity. The results
support clinicians' continued caution in the use of
short forms. More research utilizing the methodology
of this study is recommended when evaluating short form
validity.


title: Application of a sequential partial extraction procedure to investigate uranium, copper, zinc, iron and manganese partitioning in recent lake, stream and bog sediments, northern Saskatchewan / by Douglas Andrew Warren Lehto. --

subject: Sediments (Geology) Saskatchewan Analysis.

abstract:
Sequential partial extractions show that partitioning of uranium,
copper, zinc, iron and manganese into lake, stream and bog sediments
are affected by the type and abundance of component fractions present
in sediments and by the physico-chemical conditions of the superjacent
waters. The water pH influences the concentration of uranium retained
by organic matter as well as the relative proportion partitioned into
the amorphous iron hydroxide fraction and the humic and fulvic acid
components of the organic matter fraction. Copper partitioning is
controlled by the percent carbon content of sediments which influences
the concentration of metal retained in the organic matter fraction.
The amount of copper retained by other component fractions is determined
by their relative abundance in sediments. The Eh-pH conditions
of the superjacent waters control the solubilities of iron, manganese
and zinc thereby affecting the availability and sorption of these
metals into the organic matter and inorganic hydroxide fractions of
sediment. Metal partitioning characteristics and physico-chemical
factors which influence metal partitioning should be considered when
using lake, stream and bog sediments in geochemical exploration.


title: Interpretive study of Native women in post-secondary education

subject:
Women Education (Higher)
Native women Education (Higher) Canada
Native women Education (Higher)

abstract:
The purpose of this interpretive study was to explore Native women’s experiences in
post-secondary education, in order to assist in developing a greater understanding of the
needs of Native women who were students in post-secondary community college
programs. Data was collected using semi-structured interview. The thematic analysis
method was a continuous emergent activity that looked for sentences or phrases that
reflected the participants’ view of their college experience. Participant profiles created
from the students’ own words, generated in the interview transcripts, framed the data
analysis. As the participants talked about their college experiences, threads of
commonality emerged from the transcripts. From these common themes, there was an
attempt to find similarities and differences in the lived experiences and views of the
participants. From the collapsing of the preliminary themes, five emergent themes
became apparent. They were drive or determination, support, being Native, culture
shock, and personal experiences. Several shared experiences enabled each of the
participants to be successful. Drive or determination, support from family, peers, and
administration, and positive feelings of self-worth were factors in making their college
experience a successful experience. Several experiences acted as barriers to success and
enjoyment of the college experience. They were poor self-worth, racism, cultural shock,
and personal problems. Implications include the need for further research to examine
drive or determination and it’s impact on students’ success, to ascertain how additional
administrative support will increase success, to examine the question o f racism and to
determine how this can be positively overcome in our post-secondary institutions, and the
need for good personalized orientation and Native support services.


title: Regeneration dynamics after fire and clear cutting in boreal mixedwoods

contributor:
Chen, Han
Kayahara, Gordon
Poschmann, Paul
Wang, Jian
Reid, Doug

subject:
Forest dynamics
Effect of logging on
Ontario, Northwestern
Effect of fires
Forest regeneration
Clearcutting
Environmental aspects

abstract: Emulation of natural disturbance processes and their effects is important to maintain the structure and composition of managed forests. In boreal mixed forests, clearcutting has been considered as management practice suitable to mimic stand-replacing fire as both disturbances create conditions of high light availability.


title: Reproductive tourism : the case of India, a feminist critical discourse analysis of Indian gestational surrogacy tourism

contributor:
Ariss, Rachel
Chambers, Lori
Puddephatt, Tony

subject:
Surrogate motherhood
Moral and ethical aspects
India
Surrogate mothers
Human reproductive technology

abstract: Within an increasingly globalized medical community, people have begun to travel outside of their own geographic locations in order to obtain various medical procedures. Reproductive tourism is one of the latest developments of health tourism and can be understood as individuals obtaining some type of reproductive assistance from outside of their home jurisdiction. India has become a major reproductive tourist destination for foreign couples seeking gestational surrogacy services. I refer to this situation as Indian gestational surrogacy tourism.


title: Sexually stressful experiences in university students

subject: Sexual harassment

abstract:
Fifty one male and female University students were given a
questionnaire inquiring about the occurrence and nature of both
invasive (physical contact) and non invasive sexually stressfully
experiences in their lives. Of this total, 16.5% reported they
had a SSE. Of the fourteen male students responding, 35% indicated
at least one SSE. Of the 37 female students, 92^ stated that they
had at least one SSE. A total of 104 SSE's were reported with an
average of 2.7 per person. There was an almost equal distribution
of invasive and non invasive incidents reported. The most common
SSE ’ s were unconsented touching and threats of sexual assault.
Ninety four percent of the SSE’s involved one attacker who was most
often a date or boyfriend. All the incidents were seen as
stressful by the victims but the stress level decreased over time.
Thirty two percent of the victims felt that the SSE caused a
disruption in their lives, primarily in their feelings of safety
and interpersonal relationships. Most victims reported to a close
friend and family member but only six percent reported it to legal
authorities. The most common reasons for not reporting were that
victims wanted to forget it or thought it was too commonplace to
report. Aggravated sexual assault was perceived as the most
stressful to all subjects. Victims were less stereotypic in their
attitudes toward sexual assault than non victim subjects and were
able to relate better to others SSE victims. Victims also were
willing to give longer sentences to hypothetical offenders than non victims. These findings give strong support for the need for
counseling for SSE victims and the usefulness of victims helping
other victims deal with their SSE.


title: Litter fall and decomposition in 40-year-old red pine and white spruce plantations / by Martina A. Sangari.

subject: Forest litter Ontario Thunder Bay Region.

subject: White spruce Ontario Thunder Bay Region.

subject: Forest litter Biodegradation.