title: Stigma associated with seeking help for psychological distress: how public and self-stigma, help-seeking attitudes and intent, self-compassion, and empathy relate

contributor:
Maranzan, Amanda
Stroink, Mirella

subject: Stigma

subject: Psychological distress

subject: Mental health

subject: Help-seeking patterns among university students (mental health)

subject: Psychological disorders

subject: Empathy and self-compassion

abstract:
College and university students experience high levels of psychological distress and would likely
benefit from accessing mental health services. However, the stigma associated with seeking help
as well as the stigma associated with mental illness in general reduce one’s likelihood of seeking
services and lead to other negative consequences such as lower self-esteem and loss of
opportunities. This study was conducted in order to: (a) better understand the mental health
difficulties, discrimination, and help-seeking patterns among university students, (b) elucidate
the processes involved in stigma and help-seeking behaviour, and (c) investigate empathy and
self-compassion as potential protective factors. Participants were university students who
completed an online survey at two time points with an approximate 3-month interval in-between.
Students demonstrated high rates of mental health difficulties and experiences of discrimination.
Students sought help from informal sources more frequently than formal sources. Regarding the
stigma process, endorsed stigma of mental illness predicted self-stigma of seeking help, which
predicted attitudes toward help-seeking, which in turn, predicted intentions to seek counselling.
Intentions did not predict help-seeking behaviour. Trait empathy did not demonstrate a
moderating effect, but self-compassion demonstrated a potential buffering role in the relationship
between public stigma of seeking help and anticipated self-stigma of seeking help. Based on
these results, interventions seeking to promote mental health literacy and self-compassion may
be helpful in promoting effective mental health support and reducing self-stigma, respectively,
although future research is required. Limitations of the present research are outlined and other
directions for future research are proposed.


title: Dynamic bandwidth allocation in WiMAX broadband networks

subject: Wireless communication networks

subject: Wireless technologies

subject: Networks

abstract: Wireless communication networks have experienced remarkable growth in recent years and are becoming attractive alternative to cable and DSL in providing last mile network access. Candidate wireless technologies should be cost-competitive, offer broadband wireless access, support portable and mobile operations with integrated voice, video and data services. Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) is emerging as the leading wireless access technology that provides cost-competitive, ubiquitous broadband wireless access and Quality of Service (QoS) capabilities.


title: Sources of student anger in schools

subject:
Anger in adolescence
Students Attitudes
Students Academic workload

abstract:
This study examined student anger. The students from grades eight through
ten were asked, in focus groups, to identify what, in schools, made them respond with
anger and how students responded to this anger. Common sources of anger related
to styles of teaching and means of evaluation used in classrooms. These were
related to the power relationships which existed between students and teachers.
These relationships appeared to be an aspect of a sense of inequity between the
students and teachers.
The responses of the students indicated that their frustration could be lessened
if teachers focused more on the progress of all students during lesson delivery and
provided activities suited to a wide variety of academic abilities. These students
wanted consistent and concise feedback and explanations of marking criteria. Other
concerns to students were the need for students' rights to individuality, trust (not
based on status), and improved communications between teachers and students.
Students felt that equity between students and teachers could be enhanced by fairer
treatment to students of all ages, balanced workloads (both in class and between
different classes), and attention to diversity. Students' responses to anger included
feelings of unworthiness which resulted in the reduction of effort in school work, or
"acting out" in class.


title: Thermal modification processes, properties, and environmental impacts

subject: Thermal treatment (wood)

subject: Wood modification

subject: Environmental impact (wood industrial processes)

abstract:
This paper explores the different ways wood is thermally treated in particular
looking at thermal treatment processes, properties produced, environmental impacts and
market opportunities. Review is done on different processes that are currently on the
market and the properties that are developed through thermal modification such as
advances in thermal treatments such as colour stability, dimensional stability, and
durability against pests and fungi. Of all the variations of wood modification studied,
thermal treatment is the most advanced commercially. The pros and cons for different
thermal treatments are looked at and compared. The thermal modification of lumber is
recognised as a method to improve the dimensional stability. This review looks at
discrepancies of thermal treatments and the environmental consideration of the different
procedures. The objective of this thesis is to conduct a review of published literature
regarding thermal wood modification processes, properties, environmental impact and
market opportunities.


title: Study of electrophilic addition reactions to ruthenium vinylidene complexes

subject:
Metathesis (Chemistry)
Organometallic chemistry
Addition reactions


title: Management implications of invasive insects (special attention to emerald ash borer) in small communities

subject:
Emerald ash borer
Invasive insects
TreeAzin

abstract: Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, or more commonly known as the emerald ash borer (EAB), is a Buprestid beetle native to eastern Asia and Russia. It has been introduced to North America by way of anthropogenic factors. During its time in North America, it has killed millions of ash trees (Fraxinus spp.) and it has the potential to completely eradicate ash trees from the ecosystem. This research details the options available for managing EAB in the urban forest, in addition to the discrepancies in management between small and large communities. The most effective techniques for slowing the spread of EAB varies greatly between small and large communities. Furthermore, research shows that techniques vary slightly between communities of similar sizes, signifying that there are many factors that determine which plan will benefit each individual community.


title: Winter home range sizes of female woodland caribou in the boreal forest of Northwestern Ontario

subject:
Woodland caribou
Conservation
Impacts of anthropogenic disturbances
Caribou (habitat)
Woodland caribou home range

abstract:
Woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou Gmelin) are listed as “threatened” under
the Canadian Species at Risk Act. Fourteen ranges occur within the continuous
distribution of caribou in Ontario and have been studied using Global Positioning
System (GPS) tracking technology. The Ontario Ministry of Natural Resource and
Forestry (OMNRF) employs the use of Argos GPS collars to track caribou movements
throughout the province. The purpose of this study was to examine the winter home
range sizes of caribou in both a managed and unmanaged forest in northwestern Ontario
and to relate winter home range sizes the level of disturbance in the area. Home range
sizes were estimated from GPS collaring data using a 95% minimum convex polygon
computed using the adehabitatHR package in R statistical programming. Home range
sizes were evaluated using simple linear regressions with disturbance as the dependant
variable. Home range sizes were most strongly negatively correlated with natural and
anthropogenic disturbance in the entire study area (R2 = 0.239). In the unmanaged forest,
the level of disturbance was low (20%) home range sizes were large (1580 km2 ± 1374
km2). Conversely, where disturbance was high (42%), especially at the species’ southern
range limit, home ranges were low (408 km2 ± 311 km2). In the boreal forest, female
caribou may restrict their ranges amid anthropogenic disturbances. Forest harvesting
creates small habitat patches that may serve as ecological traps for caribou and increase
the risk of predator detection. Therefore, smaller home ranges may serve as an indicator
of habitat loss for caribou.


title: Mobile miners: work, home, and hazards in Yukon's mining industry

contributor:
Southcott, Chris
Jarman, Jennifer

subject:
Lean production
Long-distance commuting
Mining industry
Precarious employment
Taylorism
Workplace safety

abstract: This thesis examines the impacts that long-distance commuting operations have for workers in Yukon's mining industry. The Canadian mining industry has transitioned from the traditional Taylorist operations of the twentieth century to lean-production systems of work organization. Among other changes, this leaner industry now employs small, highly trained workers in precarious occupations. Mines are also now operated in more remote areas, forcing workers to commute long distances and live for weeks on-site. Yukon is currently experiencing a resource boom, and is in the process of developing several new mines in the territory--mines which the local population hope to benefit from, but which will likely be designed around lean production systems. Within this context, this thesis explores the impacts of long-distance commuting through in-depth interviews with 12 workers in Yukon's mining industry. The findings are organized into four major themes: 1) workplace culture, 2) safety in mining, 3) mobility and migration, and 4) home life for workers. These four themes represent what respondents felt were the most relevant impacts in terms of long-distance commuting.


title: An adaptive neuro-fuzzy controller for vibration suppression of a flexible structure in aerial refueling

subject:
Hose-drogue system modeling
Aerial refueling
Air-to-air refueling (AAR)

abstract:
Air-to-air refueling (AAR) has been commonly used in military jet applications. Recently,
civilian applications of AAR have been garnering increased attention due to the high cost of air
travel, which is largely dictated by the cost of jet fuel. There are two types of AAR approaches:
probe-drogue and flying boom systems. This work explores the probe-drogue AAR system in
commercial applications. Typical AAR applications deploy a drogue connected to a long flexible
hose behind a moving aircraft tanker. The drogue is connected to a probe in a receiver aircraft
before initiating fuel transfer and is retracted back into the tanker when the fuel transfer is
completed. In order to ensure a safe and efficient refueling operation sophisticated systems need
to be developed to accommodate the turbulences encountered, particularly in respect to vibration
reduction of the flexible hose and drogue. The objective of this work is to develop a probe-drogue
system for helicopter AAR applications. The first project is to make a preliminary design of a new
AAR system for helicopter refuelling from a modified AT-802 tanker aircraft.  [...]


title: Histochemical differentiation of fibre types in endurance trained and sedentary individuals using a formate KCl buffer / Joseph D. Collins. --

subject: Muscles Histochemistry

subject: Muscles Effect of physical education and training on


title: The effects of sex, menstrual cycle phase, and hormonal contraceptives on inhibitory control

contributor:
Oinonen, Kirsten
Hayman, Gordon
Mazmanian, Dwight
Hampson, E.

subject:
Inhibitory control
Behavioural inhibition
Cognitive inhibition
Endogenous and exogenous hormones
Fear extinction

abstract:
Inhibitory control is a major aspect of executive functioning, and ovarian hormones (e.g.,
progesterone and estrogen) have been found to affect processes related to inhibitory control. This
was the first study to examine the effects of sex, menstrual cycle phase (follicular, luteal), and
oral contraceptives (OC) (users, nonusers) on four different types of inhibition (response
inhibition, deferred gratification, reversal learning, and emotional reactivity) across two studies.
The first study examined self-reported inhibitory control in 372 participants at two time points
two-weeks apart. The second study (N = 162) compared groups on several laboratory tasks of
inhibitory control that were given after three mood primes (sad, happy, fear). Group differences
(sex, cycle phase, OC use) were examined. Women showed: (a) higher negative emotional
reactivity than men across self-report and laboratory measures, including relatively higher
accuracy with negative than positive self-associations when sad; (b) more errors of commission
than men on a GoNogo task after sad and fear mood induction; and (c) more problems with self-reported perseverative thinking than men. No sex differences were found for self-report
measures of response inhibition; or any measures of deferred gratification. Regarding cycle
phase effects, follicular phase women had more errors of commission than luteal phase women
after fear mood induction, and this follicular phase effect explained the sex difference. Cycle
effects were not found for reversal learning, emotional reactivity, or self-report measures of
response inhibition. Also, no cycle effects were found for deferred gratification. There was no
evidence that OC users and non-users differed on any of the four types of inhibitory control
either on self-report or lab measures, suggesting no effects of OCs. Findings are discussed in
terms of understanding the role of endogenous and exogenous hormones in inhibitory control.


title: Life history of the crayfish Orconectes virilis (Hagen)

format: application/pdf application/pdf

subject:
Crayfish
Orconectes virilis


title: Physical activity experiences from the perspective of adolescent females in Northwestern Ontario communities

subject: Teenage girls Recreation Ontario, Northwestern

subject: Physical fitness for youth Ontario, Northwestern

subject: Physical fitness for girls Ontario, Northwestern

abstract:
Purpose: To explore  the experiences  of female youth residing in rural Northwestern   Ontario
communities  with physical activity and gain insight into ways to enhance opportunities for
females to be physically active. Background: Physical activity participation steadily declines as
females reach adolescence and there is significant gap between participation in physical activity
between males and females. The uniqueness of rural Northwestern Ontario communities may provide
additional motivators or barriers that affect physical activity participation that may help explain
the decline and differences between male and female behaviours.   Methodology:   Qualitative
research methods were used to collect data from participants. Six adolescent females, between 15-16
years old enrolled in at a public secondary school and who reside in rural communities within
Northwestern Ontario, voluntarily participated in this research study. Four females were from a
First Nation community and participated in a focus group. Two females participated in individual
face to face interviews and were from rural communities  within the    same district. Grounded
theory methods were used to analyze and report information collected through line by line coding
and allowing themes to emerge  from participants'     responses.
Findings: Participants  shared that physical activity is influenced by a variety of factors and not
  only one factor can contribute to behaviour  change.   Participants  discussed existing
motivators  and barriers and areas of where improvement is needed to increase participation in
physical activity among their population. Factors for participating in physical activity
included improving physical appearance, achieving a sense of personal accomplishment, influence of
peers and adult involvement, and the range and type of opportunities and resources available.
'Participants also provided  valuable  insight to enhance programs  to increase physical activity
participation   for
female adolescents.


title: Effect of body condition on reproductive performance and secondary sex ratios in ring-billed gulls (Larus delawarensis)

subject:
Gulls
Gulls Reproduction
Sex ratio

abstract:
Nesting Ring-billed Gulls (Larus delawarensis) were studied on
Granite Island, northern Lake Superior, during the breeding seasons of
1983 and 1984 to determine if there was a relationship between food
supply and the time of breeding, body condition, and egg
characteristics affecting reproductive success.
Eggs laid in 1984 were heavier than those laid in 1983. This may
have been related to smaller pre-breeding food abundance in 1983. In
each year. Ring-billed Gulls nesting later in the season laid fewer and
smaller eggs that had poorer hatching success. Within clutches, third
laid eggs were smaller, lighter and produced fewer young than first or
second eggs.
Chemical analyses of eggs revealed that eggs laid in 1984 contained
more albumen, and proportionately more yolk lipid, than eggs laid in
1983, Eggs laid later in each year contained less albumen and fewer
nutrients (lipid and protein) than earlier laid eggs. Within early and
late clutches, c-eggs had decreased levels of albumen and nutrients.
For all eggs analyzed, an average of 35% of fresh egg weight was yolk,
with a fresh yolk to albumen ratio of 0.63. Water accounted for 69% of
fresh egg weight. Through the laying sequence, approximately 8% of
fresh egg weight was yolk lipid. The energy and nutrient content of
eggs remained proportionately constant through the laying sequence each
year. Egg weight was strongly correlated with egg volume and water content.
Chick weight at hatching was positively correlated with fresh egg
weight, though this correlation was weak. There was no difference in
hatch weights within clutches. Male and female eggs did not differ in
size or weight. There was no relationship between chick sex and egg
sequence in either year. The secondary sex ratio was skewed in favour
of female chicks in 1983. The overall secondary sex ratio did not
differ from unity, and the ratio of unisexual and bisexual 3-egg
clutches laid early in 1984 did not differ from 1:2:1.
In each year, females nesting later in the season had a lower body
weight and condition index than earlier nesting females. The indexed
body condition of females nesting early in 1983 was smaller than in
1984. Both male and female indexed condition decreased through the
breeding season in 1984. The body weight of females was correlated
with egg weight but not nutrient content. Egg size and composition
were not satisfactory predictors of female body weight and condition.
Chemical analyses of post-laying females revealed that late nesters
contained proportionately more body water and protein, but less lipid
than early nesters. Between years, there were no differences in the
body weight or nutrient content of post-laying females. The energy
content of the body was most strongly correlated with lipid levels in
the body. Both the body weight and indexed condition of early nesting
females were correlated with body lipid and energy levels. Females with larger stored nutrient levels (i.e. those nesting earlier each
year) laid heavier eggs which contained more nutrients.
Pre-breeding adult males and females tended to weigh more and
contain more energy per unit body weight than early nesters. I suggest
that reduced body condition, and hence egg quality, for those birds
nesting in 1983 and late nesters, were primarily related to differences
in food abundance and acquisition efficiency during the pre-breeding
period.


title: Influence of landscape-scale forest structure on the presence of pileated woodpeckers (dryocopus pileatus) in Central Ontario forests

subject: Pileated woodpecker Habitat suitability index models Ontario

subject: Pileated woodpecker (Habitat Ontario)

subject: Landscape ecology

abstract:
The goal of my research was to investigate the influence of landscape-scale forest
structure on the presence of pileated woodpeckers (Dryocopus pileatus) in central
Ontario forests. Study sites were located in Algonquin Provincial Park. The presence of
pileated woodpeckers was recorded along 5 km transect lines. The area around each
transect line was used for landscape analysis and represented S km2. Landscape-scale
structure analysis was conducted on the composition and configuration of pileated
woodpecker habitat. The habitat was classified based on several methods and focused on
the variations of the pileated woodpecker habitat supply model (PWPHSM) for central
Ontario. To determine which of the classifications best predicted the presence of pileated
woodpeckers, logistic regression was run on the variable “percent of land (%LAND)” for
each classification. The landscape structure of the best classification was further
examined to explain the presence of pileated woodpeckers by entering all landscape-level
and class-level FRAGSTATS variables into a logistic regression procedure.


title: Magnetic fabrics of granitic plutons and gneisses, Northwestern Ontario

subject:
Granitic gneisses
Koenigsberger ratio
McKenzie granite
Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility
Natural remanent magnetization

abstract:
Specimens of plutonic granitic gneisses have been collected from different
locations of the Superior Province. The study of their Koenigsberger ratio (related to
natural remanent magnetization) and the theoretical Koenigsberger ratio (related to
maximum artificial remanent magnetization) shows that the theoretical Koenigsberger
ratio of the specimens is less dispersed than the Koenigsberger ratio. There is a power
law relation between the remanent magnetization and induced magnetization for the
Koenigsberger ratio and the theoretical Koenigsberger ratio and this power law relation is
due to variation of amount of ferromagnetic minerals in the specimens.
A structural study of the McKenzie granite (NE of Thunder Bay), the Rice Bay
dome and the Sawhill dome (NE of Fort Frances) have also been performed. The
McKenzie granite magnetic fabrics cannot be used as kinematic indicators because of the
non-coaxiality of the direction of the magnetic ellipsoid axes and also because a primary
fabric has been overprinted by a secondary one. The Rice Bay dome fabrics are noncoaxial
but are clearly related to the regional strain and mineral lineation: they may be
related to the diapiric emplacement of the dome. Sawhill dome fabrics are not related to
the diapiric emplacement of the dome but to a later event related to the southern border of
the dome adjacent to the Quetico fault.


title: Beliefs about the fetus as a moderator of postabortion adjustment

subject:
Abortion Psychological aspects
Fetus

abstract:
The purpose of this study was to determine whether women who have had abortions
report different levels of well-being than women who have not had abortions, and to examine
the possible moderating effect of perceived status of the fetus. We hypothesized that women
who have had abortion(s) and who believe the fetus is human will have a more difficult
postabortion adjustment than women who believe the fetus is less than human. We also
hypothesized that women who have had abortions would consider maternal-related facets of their
self-concepts less important than would women who have not had abortions in order to preserve
their self-esteem.
Subjects were obtained through physician's offices and were categorized into three
pregnancy history groups: the Abortion Group (N=132), the Never Pregnant Group (N=209),
and the Other Outcomes Group (N=476). The scales used to measure well-being were: The
Satisfaction with Life Scale, Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale, The Positive and Negative Affect
Schedule, and a scale measuring 12 specific facets of the self-concept The Beliefs About the
Fetus Scale, devised by the authors, measured the women's perceived status of the fetus. It was
found that women in the Abortion group reported slightly lower well-being than women in the
Other Outcomes Group. It was also found that women who have had abortions and who tended
to believe the fetus was human scored lower on measures of well-being than the women who
tended to believe the fetus was not human, whereas the women who did not believe the fetus
was human were no different on the well-being measures than the other two groups. The
implications of these findings and their relationships with previous research findings are
discussed.


title: Model of posttraumatic stress reactions to sexual abuse in females / by Suzanne L. Barker-Collo.

subject: Post-traumatic stress disorder

subject: Child sexual abuse - Psychological aspects

subject: Adult child sexual abuse victims

subject: Sexual abuse survivors

abstract:
Sexual abuse is identified by the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th edition) (DSM-IV, APA, 1994) as a possible precipitator of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). An estimated 50% of sexual abuse survivors will develop PTSD (Kiser, Heston, Millsap, & Pruitt, 1991; O’Neil & Gupta, 1991). Therefore,
while exposure to a traumatic stressor such as sexual abuse is necessary in the development of PTSD, it is not sufficient A number of models have been proposed that attempt to describe the process of coping and symptom development associated with PTSD, and to account for individual differences in this process. One such model is Joseph, Williams, and Yule’s (1995) integrative cognitive-behavioural model of response to traumatic stress (see Figure I).
The present stucfy evaluated Joseph, et al.’s (1995) model when applied to a sample of 122 female sexual abuse survivors from across Ontario, Canada. Participants completed survey packages which included measures for each of the variables presented in Joseph et al ’s (1995)
model. The variable Event Stimuli was measured using the Sexual Experiences Survey (Koss & Orso, 1982; see Appendix A). Personality was measured using Neuroticism items of the NEO-PIR (Costa & McCrae, 1992; see Appendix C). Appraisal of the abuse was measured using a modified version of the Attributional Style Questionnaire (Peterson, Semmel, Baqrer, Abramson, Metalsky, & Seligman, 1982; see Appendix D). Coping and Crisis Support were measured using the Coping
Responses Inventory (Moos, 1993; see Appendix E) and the Crisis Support Scale (Joseph, Andrews, Williams, & Yule, 1992; see Appendix F), respectively. Symptom outcomes, as indicated by the model variables Event Cognitions and Emotional States, were assessed by specified items of the Trauma Symptom Checklist- 40 (Elliott & Briere, 1991; see Appendix G).
This study makes three main empirical contributions. First, MANOVA results indicate that response to abuse was significantly influenced by ethnicity, age at which abuse first occurred, and the type of mental health services currently being received. Caucasian individuals rated themselves
lower on use of problem-focused coping strategies, vulnerability, impulsiveness, and self-blame than individuals of Native American ancestry. Those 15 years of age or less when first abused rated
themselves higher on anxiety and lower on social supports while those in older age groups rated themselves in the opposite direction, individuals currently in counselling or on a waiting list rated themselves lower on anxiety, depression, and vulnerability. Conversely, those currently in support groups rated themselves as higher on depression, anxiety, and vulnerability. Those currently in both counselling and a support group and those receiving no clinical services scored moderately on the three variables.
Second, path analysis indicated that Joseph et al.’s (1995) model did not fit the data X[superscript 2](9) = 24.81, p< .01 (see Figure 6). When altered on the basis of hypothesized modifications, modification indices generated by the statistical program, and removal of non-significant paths, the model fit the data well X[superscript 2] (13) = 13.41, p > .4 (see Figure 7). As hypothesized, one modification that improved the fit of the model was the addition of a path from characteristics of the abuse to
engagement of social support In the modified model, the sign of the path from crisis support to appraisals indicated that increased levels of crisis support were associated with maladaptive appraisals (i.e., self-blame). This relationship is opposite to that proposed by Joseph et al. (1995),
where increased crisis support is proposed to lead to more adaptive appraisals, but is consistent with the second hypothesized modification to the model. When examined as a single construct, coping strategies was not found to significantly influence any other variables in the model.  Finally, relationships between coping, appraisal, neuroticism and symptom subscales were evaluated. Individuals who coped through cognitive avoidance, emotional discharge, acceptance/resignation, and logical analysis following abuse reported more event cognitions,
negative emotional states, sexual problems, and somatic complaints. Increased sexual and somatic complaints, negative emotional states, and event cognitions were accompanied by decreased depression, self-consciousness, anxiety, vulnerability, and impulsiveness, in contrast those who engaged in less cognitive avoidance, sought less support from others and engaged in less problem solving behaviours reported fewer sexual or somatic complaints. Reduced symptomatology (i.e., event cognitions, negative emotional states, somatic symptoms) was also associated with increased trait levels of anxiety, depression, and vulnerability and decreased impulsiveness. Implications of the findings for assessment and therapeutic interventions and for future research were explored.


title: Lesbian and gay male identity development and online communities

contributor:
Walton, Gerald
Reynolds, Karen

subject:
Gay and lesbian studies
Gay men
Identity
Gay students
Lesbian students

abstract:
The aim of this study is to broaden the understanding of how online resources including
blogs, chats, websites, and social networking can help support identity formation in lesbian and gay people. More specifically, my focus is on personal narrative journeys from awareness or questioning of sexual orientation to coming out as a lesbian or gay person while using online mediums as a source for guidance and support as one discovers their own path towards a lesbian or gay identity. Although it is important to discover how the Internet is used for support, guidance, information and as a social networking tool for all sexual minorities including lesbians, gay men, bisexuals, transgendered, two-spirited, and/or queer people, I chose to focus on lesbian and gay identity development. I did this in order to establish a more focused and indepth
examination of sexuality identity development and to critique identity development models
that focus only on lesbians and gay men.


title: Intermediate students at-risk in mathematics : case studies of teachers and students

contributor:
Kajander, Ann
Agbo, Seth

subject:
Mathematics
Ontario
Curricula
Study and teaching (Intermediate)
Mathematical ability
Social aspects
Study and teaching

abstract: Although there have been changes made to Ontario's mathematics curriculum within the last decade to ensure student success, a significant number of students in Ontario schools have been achieving at or below a level 1 and labeled 'at-risk' by the Ministry of Education's At-Risk Working Group (Expert Panel on Student Success in Ontario, 2004). This study explores intermediate students in a Northern Ontario city who are at-risk in mathematics. The purpose of the study is to investigate the various factors that inhibit student success in mathematics and to determine what students need in order to succeed. Since teachers are in a position to enhance and facilitate student success, the roles of teachers as well as student attitudes and dispositions in mathematics classrooms need clarification.The central questions guiding this study are: What types of strategies and practices do mathematics teachers use in their classrooms for all students and for those who they believe to be at-risk in mathematics? What are the observable behaviors of the students identified as at-risk as they interact in the classroom environment? What personal and mathematics-related learning characteristics can be observed in the at-risk students? The data collection process involved a collective case study of six students and three teachers, who were studied to provide an in-depth understanding of how mathematics teachers and their students interacted in mathematics classrooms. The data was mainly collected through participant observation, student work records and discussions with students and teachers.The findings indicate that the students in this study appear to be inhibited by many personal and behavioral issues. Some have been impacted by multiple school transfers and some have poor attendance. Most expressed a lack of confidence in their ability to succeed in mathematics, and some have a negative attitude toward the subject matter. Each student case is unique as their individuality and experiences play a role in their beliefs, attitude toward the subject matter, and desire to achieve. This study also consistently showed that the teachers tended to fall back on traditional practices when working with students at-risk in mathematics, and seemed particularly reluctant to adopt reform-based teaching methodologies with these students.


title: Paleoproterozoic snowball earth? Sedimentology and geochemistry of a Huronian glacial cycle

subject:
Proterozoic glaciations
Sedimentary rocks
Huronian Supergroup
Paleoproterozoic Bruce glacial event
Geochemistry
Espanola Formation

abstract:
The study discusses new sedimentological and geochemical results for the
Paleoproterozoic Bruce glacial cycle, which represents the second of three glacial cycles within
the Huronian Supergroup. This Bruce glacial event is unique for its cap carbonate, the Espanola
Formation, which directly overlies glacial diamictites of the Bruce Formation. Cap carbonates
are ubiquitous overlying glacial sediments in Neoproterozoic successions and are believed to be
precipitated as a direct result of deglaciation. An investigation of the Bruce glacial cycle has led
to a summary of the depositional history, wherein the Bruce ice sheet was grounded as it
entered the Huronian basin and overrode outwash of the Mississagi Formation. It quickly
delaminated, and deposited a uniform blanket of diamict before retreating, followed by the
development of a glacial rebound sequence within the Espanola and Serpent Formations.
The upper Mississagi Formation directly underlies the glacial diamictites of the Bruce
Formation and consists predominantly of planar and trough cross-stratified sandstones. These
sandstones were deposited in a distal braided fluvial to deltaic system immediately prior to the
advent of the local Bruce ice sheet advance. The Bruce ice sheet was grounded as it entered the
basin, which is indicated by the typically sharp contact with the Mississagi Formation and the
erosional uptake of Mississagi sands into the base of the Bruce. Delamination of the Bruce ice
sheet and development of a floating ice shelf is illustrated by the dominance of massive,
laterally continuous diamictites and evidence for current winnowing and iceberg rafting. These
units, which constitute the majority of the Bruce Formation, were deposited beneath floating
ice. Partial digestion of a carbonate-rich laminated dropstone lithofacies in the uppermost
Bruce Formation for δ13Ccarb analysis produced highly negative values that are derived from a methane seepage signature. These same samples also have REE patterns with consistent
negative Eu anomalies that are the result of remobilizing reduced Eu2+ via the highly reducing
fluids sourced from methane seepage.


title: Observation of behavioral principles in baseball performance

subject:
Sports Psychological aspects
Baseball Psychological aspects

abstract:
Three studies were done to demonstrate that formalized
sports can be used to test or observe the operation of
psychological phenomena. Major league baseball was chosen
as the representative sport, in part because of the
completeness of its data record. In the first study, the
notion that positive affective arousal enhances performance
on certain tasks was tested with respect to a player's
birthday, an event presumed to generate a positive
affective state. Sixty-two major league baseball players,
whose birthdays fell between April and October and who were
active between 1970 and 1982, were selected from the
Official Encyclopedia of Baseball (1982). Their
performance on their birthdays were extracted from
boxscores of games listed in the New York Times during the
years stated. Finally, their batting performance on their
birthdays was compared to their overall batting performance
during the years in question. Results suggest a trend
toward the existence of a birthday effect, however, this
trend does not achieve statistical significance. The second
study involved the application of territoriality theories
to baseball. Numerous studies have demonstrated that teams
playing on their home field win significantly more often
than the visiting teams, an effect which is often
marginally significant in baseball. Therefore, focusing on
extraordinary physical feats, this study attempted to determine whether and to what extent a
relationship existed between no-hitters and home field
setting. All no-hitters pitched since the turn of the
century were examined to determine if such a relationship
existed, using a chi-square goodness of fit test. Results
suggest that territoriality does exist when using
no-hitters as a measure of peak performance. The home field
advantage seems to increase as the superiority of
performance increases. The final study involved the
extension of personality theories to baseball performance.
Following a recent finding of an inverse relationship
between pitching control and longevity, the present study
attempted to determine if a similar relationship prevailed
with respect to fielding performance and longevity. The
lifetime fielding averages of 155 deceased former major
league baseball players, who played a minimum of five years
between 1920 and 1930, were correlated with their age at
death. Results suggest that no such relationship exists.
However, a trend toward a relationship between the lifetime
fielding average and age at death of catchers was evident.
It is possible that it is the consequences of one's
mistakes that are related to longevity since pitchers and
catchers are arguably the two most important players on a
baseball team.


title: Adaptive backstepping based nonlinear control of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor drive

subject: Nonlinear control theory

subject: Permanent magnet motors (Automatic control)

subject: Adaptive control systems

abstract:
Permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM) have shown increasing
popularity in recent years for industrial drive applications due to the recent developments
in magnetic materials, power converters, and digital signal processors.
In particular, Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (IPMSM)
drives are widely used in high performance drive (HPD) applications. Fast and
accurate speed response and quick recovery of speed from any disturbances are
essential. The control of a high performance permanent magnet synchronous
motor drive for general industrial application has received wide spread interest
of researchers.
In this work, a novel speed and position control scheme for an IPMSM is
developed based on a nonlinear adaptive control scheme. The vector control
scheme is used to simplify control of the IPMSM. System model equations are
represented in the synchronously rotating reference frame and provide the basis
for the controller which is designed using the adaptive backstepping technique.
Using Lyapunov’s stability theory, it is also shown that the control variables
are asymptotically stable. The complete system model is developed and then
simulated using MATLAB/Simulink software. Performance of the proposed
controller is investigated extensively at different dynamic operating conditions
such as sudden load change, command speed change, command position change
and parameter variations. The results show the global stability of the proposed controller and hence found to be suitable for high performance industrial drive
applications. The real time implementation of the complete drive system is
currently underway.


title: Efficient routing algorithms in vehicular ad hoc networks

subject: Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSs)

subject: Vehicular ad hoc networks

subject: Multi-Path routing

abstract: *Embargoed until October 2023

abstract:
During the last decade, the research on Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) has
improved exponentially in real-life scenarios to provide optimized transport network performance. It is a matter of importance that the emergency messages being delivered
in a timely manner to prevent vehicular traffic problems. The fact is an ITS system
per se could be a part of a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) which is an extension
of the wireless ad hoc network. Therefore, similar to the other ad hoc networks, the
nodes in the network can send data packets to each other through intermediate forwarding nodes. In all sorts of wireless ad hoc networks, the network topology is subjected
to change due to the mobility of network nodes; therefore, an existing explored route
between two nodes could be demolished in a minor fraction of time. When it turns to
the VANETs, the topology likely changes due to the high velocity of nodes. On the other
hand, time is a crucial factor playing an important role in message handling between the
network’s nodes. In this regard, we propose centralized ITS Multi-Path Routing Protocol
for VANETs (MPRP) that effectively identifies an optimized path for packet delivery to
the destination vehicle with a minimal time delay. Our algorithm gives a higher priority
to the alert messages compared to normal messages. As a result, our algorithm would
realize two goals. Firstly, speed up the data transmission rate and deliver data packets,
particularly warning messages, to the destination vehicle promptly and therefore avoids
vehicular problems such as car accidents. [...]


title: Compiling Prolog to Logic-inference Virtual Machine

subject:
Prolog (Computer program language)
Logic programming

abstract:
The Logic-inference Virtual Machine (LVM) is a new Prolog execution model
consisting of a set of high-level instructions and memory architecture for handling control
and unification. Different from the well-known Warren's Abstract Machine [1], which uses
Structure Copying method, the LVM adopts a hybrid of Program Sharing [2] and
Structure Copying to represent first-order terms. In addition, the LVM employs a single
stack paradigm for dynamic memory allocation and embeds a very efficient garbage
collection algorithm to reclaim the useless memory cells. In order to construct a complete
Prolog system based on the LVM, a corresponding compiler must be written.
In this thesis, a design of such LVM compiler is presented and all important
components of the compiler are described. The LVM compiler is developed to translate
Prolog programs into LVM bytecode instructions, so that a Prolog program is compiled
once and can run anywhere.
The first version of LVM compiler (about 8000 lines of C code) has been
developed. The compilation time is approximately proportional to the size of source
codes. About 80 percent of the time are spent on the global analysis. Some compiled
programs have been tested under a LVM emulator. Benchmarks show that the LVM
system is very promising in memory utilization and performance.


title: High-power medium-voltage motor drive: converter topology, modulation, and control

abstract: Embargoed until June 30, 2023

abstract: Embargoed until June 30, 2023

abstract:
The output power quality, device voltage sharing, power converter flying capacitor voltage ripple and motor torque ripple at low-frequency/
speed operation are the major issues in high-power medium-voltage (MV)
motor drives. In this thesis, a new four-level multilevel converter (4L-MLC)
is proposed for MV drive applications. The proposed converter does not require series connection of devices, thereby the voltage sharing problems will
be eliminated. Also, the new MLC does not require any isolated direct current (DC) sources and eliminates the need of complex phase-shifting transformer. Furthermore, the proposed MLC is also suitable for back-to-back
operation due to the presence of a common DC-link. [...]


title: Influence of culverts on small stream fish communities in Northwestern Ontario / by Eric K. Berglund.

contributor:
Mackereth, Robert
Hecnar, Stephen
Lee, Peter

subject:
Fishes - Habitat
Culverts - Environmental aspects
Northwestern Ontario

abstract:
Stream crossings may alter fish habitat and fragment lotic environments, which could alter fish movement in stream reaches and lead to changes in fish community structure and population dynamics at the local and riverscape level. The potential for point source disturbance impacts by culverts may be analogous to confluences and the hierarchal spatial arrangement of tributary junctions, which are known locations of increased biodiversity. There is currently limited information on habitat fragmentation and the cumulative effects that culverts might have at the local and landscape level on fish communities in northwestern Ontario.  Forty-three culvert sites and seven confluence points on small cold water streams were selected across 10 watersheds northeast of Thunder Bay, Ontario to examine fish assemblages and community characteristics above and below culverts and confluence points, to: (1) determine the extent to which culverts block or impede the movement of fish; (2) to evaluate the relationships among patterns and responses of fish assemblages and functional groups to environmental variables and (3) compare the patterns of biological and physical disturbance between culverts and
natural stream confluence points. Species richness, abundance, biomass and density were significantly lower below culverts compared to above (p<0.05). Conversely, there was no statistical difference when comparing fish demographics above and below confluence points. On average, there were fewer, but larger brook trout captured above culverts compared to below, suggesting that stronger swimming individuals were able to move through culverts. Although several environmental variables influence fish assemblages, the differences in habitat characteristics above and below culverts were marginal and unlikely to have a major affect in the structuring of fish communities,
which suggests that difference in community assemblage above and below were the result of impeded movement. None of the culvert characteristics explained large amounts of variation in fish community above and below culverts. Although marginal, perched culverts and culverts not on stream bottom were most closely associated with
differences in fish community above and below culverts. Upstream catchment area appeared to be the single most important environmental variable structuring fish communities across the study area. The results from my study support the hypothesis that culverts limit the movement of certain fish species. However, due to the combination of local and landscape environmental influences, it would be difficult to predict the long term impacts of culverts across multiple scales based on culvert characteristics alone.


title: Theoretical study of the folding kinetics of the ultra-fast folding Trp-cage protein

subject:
Protein folding
Chemical kinetics
Enzyme kinetics

abstract: Native-centric coarse-gained models, termed Ca Go models, have been widely used for computational simulation of small protein to study their folding kinetics and thermodynamics. The limitations of these models come from the lack of non-native interactions and neglect of the specificity of amino acid residues. On the other hand, the simulations of protein folding in atomistic details using accurate energy force field, termed ab-initio models, have been proven to be too computationally expensive, even with the most powerful computers. Therefore, many new models at intermediate level have been developed, such as multi-bead model, Go-like model, and all-atom Go model. These improved Go-like models retain some of the specificity of amino acids and more importantly are still able to fold proteins starting from completely unfolded states to their unique native structures.


title: Anxieties at the end: exploring the figure of the literary ghost and threatened social order at the Victorian fin de siecle

subject:
Ghosts in literature
Victorian English  literature
Literature and social change

abstract:
The end of the century was a turbulent time for England. As Victoria's reign came to an
end, England's foundation was undergoing a sort of renovation. This thesis considers the figure of the Victorian ghost in the social context of the fin de siecle as a response to the rising issues of women's rights, the forming middle-class, and changing understandings of colonial relations as they emerged in society. I consider how selected works by Vernon Lee, Henry James, and M.R. James grapple with the changing role of women, class structure, and imperial practises respectively, and how the literary ghost is utilized to narrate and construct this sense of instability at the end of the century. This thesis is invested in analyzing how Lee's "Oke of Okehurst, or. The Phantom Lover," Henry James's "The Turn of the Screw," and M.R. James's "Mr. Humphreys and His Inheritance" essentially work to re-implement traditional power structures in a time when this power was ultimately being questioned. Overall, despite the potential for power and originality within the genre of the ghost story, I suggest that each text rebels against a liberalizing world to preserve Eurocentric, patriarchal authority, though in differing ways.


title: Ecological implications of the 18th and 19th century fur trade: a study of five HBC post's accounts

subject:
Environmental history
Hudson Bay lowlands
Surface geology/physiography/hydrology
Ecology
Precambrian Shield

abstract: This research critically addresses the ecological implications of the 18th and 19th Century fur trade and whether primary source material written and maintained by European fur traders can measure resource procurement changes through a diverse geographic area over a 62 year period. The study utilizes Hudson Bay Company post journals from five posts selected from three different ecological zones situated along a primary transportation route in north-central Manitoba and Saskatchewan. The study was divided into four periods reflecting different intensity levels regarding resource use. The research challenges the previously held assumptions that over harvest resulted in resource collapse and resulting hardships.


title: Relationship between glacial refugial range and genetic diversity in eastern North American conifer species

subject:
Forest genetics
Glacial maximum
Paleodistribution modeling
Phylogeography
Glacial refugia

abstract:
The aim of this thesis is to relate genetic diversity to the extent of glacial
refugia in several important North American conifer species. Refugial locations
were hindcasted using MaxEnt software with occurrence points retrieved from
the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF 2019) and Biodiversity
Information Serving Our Nation (BISON 2019), and bioclimatic variables of
current conditions and conditions during the last glacial maximum according to
the MPI-ESM-P global circulation model retrieved from WorldClim version 1.4
(Hijmans et al. 2005). Bioclimatic variables were removed according to
correlation to the highest contributing variable in multiple iterations until all highly
correlated variables were removed to arrive at a final model. The size and
number of refugia was compared against heterozygosity values gathered from
allozyme studies. Species distribution models performed well with and were able
to adequately predict current ranges of the ten selected conifer species and
predicted Pleistocene distribution that can largely be corroborated with
paleoecological and phylogeographical studies. A strong relationship between
expected heterozygosity measured by allozyme analysis and the number and
size of modelled refugia (adjusted r2 = 0.71) suggests that population size
reductions and reduced gene flow during the last glacial maximum had
pronounced effect on the genetic diversity of Eastern North American conifer
species. Of these two variables, the number of refugia was more closely
correlated to expected heterozygosity than size of refugia (adjusted r2 = 0.67
versus adjusted r2 = 0.58) which could suggest that these multiple refugia
preserved different novel alleles that resulted in higher genetic diversity when
glaciers receded and population admixture occurred.


title: Educational experiences of young lesbians, bisexuals, and gays / by Petra Latt.

contributor:
Brady, Patrick
Russell, Connie

subject:
LGBTQ high school students
Sexual minorities in secondary schools
Homophobia in secondary schools

abstract: This study examines the high school experiences of nine members of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer (LGBTQ) community. It describes how heterosexuality, homophobia and heterosexism were endured by these youth in the secondary school setting between the late 1990's and early 2000's. In this qualitative study, data were collected through a single focus group discussion and eight interviews. Several themes emerged: the difficulties gay, lesbian, and bisexual youth face in high school; their relationships with teachers and administrators; and recommendations for improving the high school experiences for these youth. All participants noted that change is possible and has indeed happened in educational settings, but call for more attention to and implementation of effective policies to introduce LGBTQ issues. The findings are supported by literature produced by nongovernmental organizations, policy analysts, and researchers.


title: The role of students' strengths in the experience and effects of bullying on peer relationships, academic achievement, and behavioural and emotional functioning

subject:
Bullying
Effects of bullying
Psychosocial
Bullying experiences

abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the role of strengths in youth as they are related to psychosocial outcomes, particularly in the context of bullying experiences. An understanding of the roles of both overall strengths and specific strength subdomains was desired. This study also sought to provide support for the validity of the Strengths Assessment Inventory. Participants were 263 students (112 males) recruited from grade 7 and 8 classes. Participants completed a brief demographic questionnaire, a modified version the Children's Social Desirability Scale, the Revised Olweus Bully-Victim Questionnaire, the Strengths Assessment Inventory, the Behavioral and Emotional Rating Scale, the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment - Youth Self-Report, and the Friendship Quality Questionnaire. Academic achievement data was collected from report card grades. Results indicated that both overall strengths and specific constellations of strengths predicted psychosocial functioning.


title: Successful aging in Canadian seniors : implications for public health promotion and planning for an aging population

subject:
Health promotion (Canada)
Population planning (Canada)
Seniors and aging (health)

abstract:
Rowe and Kahn (1987)proposed that successful aging (SA) is the balance of three
components; a) absence of disease and disease-related disability, b) high functional capacity, and
c) active engagement with life. In contrast, others, most notably Strawbridge and colleagues,
have advocated that successful aging is better calculated using subjective measures of
psychological wellbeing. This study examined successful aging in Canadian adults 60 years of
age and older, using data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS), cycle 2.1 (N =
14,749). The purpose of this study was to compare a Canadian representative sample to the
Strawbridge and Rowe and Kahn models and further examine if the proportion of individuals
classified as aging successfully is affected by important demographic covariates (i.e., province,
age, sex, martial status). Results indicate that the greatest proportion of Canadians meet the
requirements for active engagement with life (69.1 %) followed by functional capacity (66.6%)
and the absence of disease (18.6%). These proportions decrease as the age of the participants
increased. Data also indicate that 11.0% meet all criteria of SA; however, only 11.3% of
Canadians fail to meet any of the criteria. Conversely, 91.5% of respondents identified being
satisfied with their life and thus, met the Strawbridge criteria for successful aging. These findings
provide valuable information for researchers and practitioners interested in age-specific
interventions to improve an older individuals' likelihood of aging successfully.


title: Wildfire mitigation strategies for increased wildfire resilience in wildland-urban interface communities

subject:
Wildfire management
Boreal forest
Wildland-urban interface
Prescribed burns
Fuel treatment

abstract:
Historic wildfire management strategies across the North American boreal forest
have resulted in fire deficit forests. These landscapes are characterized by an unnatural
build-up of wildland fuel, forest densification and irregular age class distributions that
lend to increased risk of wildfire disturbance to Wildland-Urban Interface communities.
Under current climate projections wildfire frequency, intensity and area burned are
projected to increase resulting in increased disruption to social and economic activity.
Analyzed in this report were a variety of wildfire mitigation strategies designed to
reduce wildfire behaviour. Fuel reduction treatment efficacy and longevity were
explored in the context of increasing community resilience to wildfire disturbance. A
special focus was given to remote communities disproportionately affected by wildfire
disturbance events. Current barriers to application were explored to highlight areas
within the Canadian wildfire management system that require further amendment to
achieve increased mitigation efficacy and widespread application.


title: Effects of bright light intervention on typical and atypical depressive symptoms and predictors of response

subject:
Seasonal Affective Disorder (treatment)
Phototherapy research
Depression
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
Light therapy

abstract:
The objective of the present study was to investigate within a prospective design the seasonality
and depression predictors of light therapy response after controlling for treatment expectancy and
pre-therapy functioning. Seasonality was indicated by the Global Seasonality Score (OSS) on
the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ). The depression predictors were
measured with the Structured Interview Guide for the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale - Seasonal
Affective Disorder Version (SIGH-SAD) that yielded severity levels for the typical and atypical
depressive symptom. Seventeen participants received 30 minutes of bright light therapy at
10,000 lux daily for 14 days. All participants had a screening SIGH-SAD score of at least 22,
were not receiving antidepressant treatment at least 4 weeks (8 weeks for fluoxetine) before the
study, had no previous experience with light therapy, were free of pre-existing retinal or eye
diseases, and were free of use photosensitizing medications or supplements. Their treatment
expectancy, pre-therapy and post-therapy functioning on several variables were measured.
Significant increase was found in sleep quality and significant decrease was found in
carbohydrate craving, carbohydrate intake, atypical symptom score, typical symptom score, and
total depression score. Higher expectations of treatment predicted lower carbohydrate craving
following light therapy. Higher typical symptom score before light therapy predicted higher
atypical symptom score and higher total symptom score following light therapy. The GSS bore
no relationship to treatment outcome. The present study provides support for previous research
findings that individuals with more severe typical depressive symptoms have a poorer response
to light therapy. Findings also underscore the need for placebo control in light therapy studies.


title: A Qualitative examination of comprehensive workplace health promotion strategies in some workplaces in the districts of Simcoe and Muskoka [Ontario]

subject:
Health promotion
Ontario
Employee health promotion

abstract: The Ontario Public Health Standards [OPHS] (Ministry of Health and Long-term Care [MHLTC], 2008) recommend a population health promotion approach and evidence-based best practice for local boards of health to address lifestyle behaviours of employees in workplaces. To address chronic diseases in the workplace setting, the OPHS recommends a comprehensive health promotion approach including the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion (World Health Organization, 1986) strategies of developing personal skills, creating supportive environments, building healthy public policy, and strengthening community action. Based on the OPHS requirements and the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion strategies, the Simcoe Muskoka District Health Unit [SMDHU] developed the Healthy Steps at Work [HSAW] toolkit. This electronic resource has downloadable components for workplaces to implement all the strategies of a Comprehensive Workplace Health Promotion [CWHP] program and for employees to improve their physical activity, healthy eating, and sun safety behaviours with a goal of reducing their risk of chronic disease development. Four key environmental supports for CWHP were identified: organizational commitment, wellness committees, organizational culture, and physical environment supports. The pilot sites appeared to gravitate toward the more basic skill building components in the HSAW toolkit and were hesitant to delve into the arena of policy development, community action, and program planning and evaluation, due to lack of knowledge and capacity. The results of this study revealed that more ongoing education is needed, as well as dissemination of examples and resources of best practices to instill more confidence and acceptance of the concept of CWHP in such workplaces. In order to make CWHP more of a priority, it may be helpful if government offers incentives, such as tax breaks, or create macro-level strategies.


title: Synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic application of TiO2 nanosized particles / by Dongliang Liao.

subject:
Nanoparticles
Photocatalysis.
Titanium dioxide

abstract:
In this thesis, effects of surfactant composition and concentration on shape, size, zeta potential, and photocatalytic activity of  TiO2 nanosized particles are reported. Spherical, cubic, rod, ellipse and leaf-like shaped TiO2 nanosized particles were obtained with the addition of different surfactants in various composition and concentrations during preparation. The results show that the shape and size of the TiO 2 nanosized particles depend on not only surfactant composition but also surfactant concentration. The pH dependence of zeta potential of TiO2 nanosized particles was studied. A unique finding is that TiO2 nanosized particles shaped by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) have two isoelectric points (IEPs), while other shape-controlled TiO2 nanosized particles have only one IEP. At neutral pH, shape-and size-controlled TiO2 nanosized particles have a more negative zeta potential than TiO2 nanosized particles obtained without the addition of surfactants during synthesis and commercial anatase TiO2 nanosized particles Degussa P-25. Different zeta potential values are observed for TiO2 nanosized particles obtained with the addition of different surfactants during preparation.  The addition of SDS in TiO2 nanoparticle suspensions causes a shift of the lEPs to lower pH values.
Photocatalytic activity of prepared TiO2 nanosized particles was evaluated in fixed film batch reactors. TiO2 nanosized particles with different shapes and sizes showed different activities in photocatalytic decomposition of methyl orange (MO) and phenol. Photocatalytic activity of shape- and size-controlled TiO2 nanosized particles is higher than those without the
use of surfactant and P-25. Photocatalytic decomposition of phenol and MO follows the first order reaction kinetics. The analysis of reaction rate constants and adsorption equilibrium constants shows that the shape is more important than the size in determining the photocatalytic
activity of shape- and size-controlled TiO2 nano sized particles. A comparison of the reaction rates indicated that TiO2 nanorods have higher photocatalytic activities than spherical and cubic TiO2 nanosized particles.
All these results indicate that shape, size, zeta potential and photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanosized particles can be manipulated with the introduction of surfactants (types and concentrations) during preparation.


title: Climate change impacts on the health and livelihoods of Indigenous communities in Northern Ontario

subject: Climate change

subject: Indigenous communities

subject: Indigenous health

subject: Traditional activities

subject: Two-Eyed Seeing

subject: Climate change & traditional livelihoods

abstract:
Climate change is expected to affect people’s health and livelihoods in northern
Indigenous communities more adversely than in others due to existing socio-economic
conditions and direct reliance on the environment to support Indigenous livelihoods.
The central research questions of this study are: How has climate change affected
Indigenous livelihoods and Indigenous health in Northern Ontario communities, and
how might these be affected into the future? These were answered by conducting
research in two parts: a comprehensive literature review, and interviews with 15
members of a First Nation community. From the literature and interviews, Indigenous
community members made significant observations related to climate change including
increasingly unpredictable and intense weather, declines in ice cover duration and ice
thickness, declines in the abundance of some traditional food species, and negative
health outcomes. Several participants had experienced severe enough changes that
their livelihoods had been diminished due to a decreasing ability to participate in certain
traditional activities such as hunting, ice fishing, and trapping and a decline in harvest
success for traditional foods like moose, fish, and blueberries. Projections of changes in
environmental conditions and traditional food species abundance throughout this
century demonstrated that in Northern Ontario, there will be continuing trends of
declines in ice cover duration and ice thickness, increasingly intense weather, more
frequent extreme weather events such as heat waves and forest fires, declines in water
quality due to proliferation of waterborne diseases and the occurrence of cyanobacterial
algal blooms, and declines in the abundance of moose and preferred fish species.


title: Media representations of white supremacy groups : a content analysis of two Ontario newspapers, 1977 to 1992

contributor:
Dunk, Thomas
Nock, David
Southcott, Chris

subject: White supremacy movements Press coverage Ontario

subject: Racism Press coverage Ontario

subject: Skinheads Press coverage Ontario

abstract:
This thesis investigates how the print media represents white supremacy groups. More
specifically, articles concerned with white supremacy groups are examined from The Globe and
Mail and The Toronto Star from 1977 to 1992 using content analysis techniques. This thesis
outlines theoretical perspectives on prejudice and social class as well as on white supremacists.
Findings show that articles about white supremacy groups did not occur in any great
number during the review period and that they were rarely considered to be front page news. The
large majority of articles from both newspapers focused on stories dealing with crime and conflict
which only served to portray white supremacy groups in a negative fashion.
Analysis of these findings are examined with techniques of interpreting the print media used
by Hall ( 1978) and Knight (1998). White supremacy groups operate outside Canada’s state
ideology of multiculturalism which is reflected in the print media and thus they are limited in their
effect on society. These groups are also treated as secondary sources by the print media which
serves to diminish their influence through the press even farther. Increases in white supremacist
activities as well as racism in general since the late 1970s have been attributed to the rise of the
“new right” in much of the western world. In spite of the general shift to the right politically, public
opinion about race does not seem to be related. Incidents of Canadian radical right-wing violence
are compared to the number of white supremacist affiliated articles over a fourteen year period.
One similarity is that they are both few in number.


title: Amorphous lead oxide (a-PbO) for direct conversion X-ray imaging detectors

contributor:
Reznik, Alla
Albert, Mitchell
Alexandrov, Dimiter

subject:
X-ray medical imaging
Lead oxide photoconductors

abstract:
Modern medical imaging revolutionized the way that medical conditions are diagnosed. It became
possible after significant advancements in science and technology related to the medical
visualization field. X-ray imaging is one of the most commonly used modalities; it now relies on
the digital Flat Panel X-ray Imagers (FPXIs) that can provide high-quality radiographs while
benefiting from many advantages inherent to the digital detectors technology, including reduced
radiation exposure and convenience of use. Although some FPXIs have already been
commercialized, their application is very limited, and they do not exploit the full potential of this
technology. Therefore, there is a niche that can only be filled through extensive research and
development. The work carried out and presented in the dissertation contributes to this effort.
In this work, an Amorphous Lead Oxide (a-PbO) photoconductor is investigated as a material of
choice in the direct conversion digital FPXIs for various medical and industrial X-ray imaging
applications, including general radiography, real-time fluoroscopy, digital breast tomosynthesis,
and non-destructive testing. a-PbO is a recently developed material with high X-ray stopping
power in a wide X-ray energy range and high theoretical X-ray–to–charge conversion efficiency. [...]


title: A comparison between traditional and open-area classrooms as to creativity

subject:
Learning, Psychology of
Creative ability

abstract: Children in grades three, four, and five, from an Open-area school, and children from similar grades in a Traditional setting were compared as to creativity. Twelve males, and twelve females were measured in each classroom. Rogers' conditions for creativity were adopted as a general theoretical framework. Over a six-week period, a creative writing task and a magazine of creative writings were administered.


title: Labour problems in the industrialization of developing countries.

subject: developing countries


title: School cars of northern Ontario : the origin and accomplishments of an educational innovation

subject: Schools, Travelling Ontario, Northern

abstract:
This study examines northern Ontario’s railway school
car system which began in 1926. It is an account of the
educational service provided until 1967 and an assessment of
its accomplishments.
The study concentrates on the early work of Alfred
Fitzpartrick of the Reading Camp Association and James B.
MacDougall, public school inspector and principal of North
Bay Normal School. These two northern Ontario school
promoters were exponents of the liberal educational and
social thinking of their day. They believed education would
help weave the social and economic fabric of the north,
assimilate the diverse ethnic groups and bring them to an
understanding of the values and institutions of Canada.
The network of resident inspectors of ’’New" Ontario led
by Dr. J.B. MacDougall began to understand the special
nature of the northern economy and settlement patterns. This
cadre of so called "District Men" proposed measures to
deliver schooling to the north.
The school car idea proposed by the regional inspectors
and promoted by Dr. MacDougall was adopted by Ontario Premier and Minister of Education, Go Howard Ferguson, in
1923. It became an integral part of the Education
Department’s broad policy of extending educational
opportunities in the province.
The school car played a role in the political
socialization of the children and adult students in northern
railway communities. Teachers inculcated a common language
and common ideals of citizenship and encouraged immigrants
to become Canadian citizens.
The school cars transformed immigrants into loyal
citizens and provided immigrant and Canadian-born children
in the north with the basic skills and discipline needed to
succeed in a changing world.
The schools were accepted and embraced by the
communities they served. Northerners saw the school as a way
to ensure their hopes of independence and success for
themselves and for their children.
The school cars were an educational success because the
teachers, especially the early ones, were dedicated to the
province’s ’’new curriculum.” The progress of children and
adult learners was rapid because they were committed to the
values of schooling. The inspectors, teachers, railways and
townspeople were surprised at the early and continued
success of the school car experiment.
Changes in the technology of railway transportation
reduced the number of railway communities. Competition from
motor vehicle transportation further reduced the number of railway employees and the need for school car service. The
extension of highways and roads into northern Ontario led to
such a centralization of population in towns and cities that
the school cars were no longer required.


title: Memory and medication compliance in young and elderly adults

subject:
Patient compliance
Memory in old age
Aged Medical care

abstract:
Poor medication compliance can result in reduced therapeutic benefits and a need
for additional medical services (Putnam et al., 1984). The American Association
of Retired Persons (1984) estimates that older adults consume an average of 3 or
more medications daily. Poor medication compliance in elderly adults may be
due to a decline in cognitive abilities (Park & Kidder, 1996). The present study
was conducted to detemriine if poor medication compliance among elderly adults
is associated with declining cognitive abilities. Older adults were contrasted with
young adults on (a) their ability to adhere to a complex, pseudo-medication
regimen for 4 weeks, and (b) subjective ratings of their medication compliance.
Growth curve analyses revealed no group differences in self-reported compliance
or change in self-reported ratings over time. Older adults demonstrated better
medication compliance, as well as greater improvement in compliance over the 4
weeks. The results suggest that healthy older adults can successfully adhere to a
complex medication regimen. Thus, other factors besides cognitive ability may
be implicated in poor medication compliance by elderly adults.


title: Literacy at the secondary level : pre-service teachers' perceptions of characteristics and effective practices of exceptional educators / by Natalie Watkins.

contributor:
Allingham, Philip
Brady, Patrick
Courtland, Mary Clare

subject: Literacy - Study and teaching (Secondary) - Evaluation

subject: Literacy of high school students

abstract:
This study, Literacy at the Secondary Level: Characteristics and Effective Practices of Exceptional Educators, uses a mixed methods (concurrent nested strategy) approach to data collection through the use of a survey instrument to address the research question; “What are intermediate / senior teacher-candidates’ current views and perceptions of what
qualities, characteristics, and strategies combine to make an exceptional educator of adolescent literacy?” A survey was completed by 110 participants from a Faculty of Education of a mid-sized university in Northern Ontario.
Four major themes emerged from the data of this study. These themes were the teacher-candidates’ dissatisfaction with the Faculty’s mode of instruction/presentation of literacy information; their uncertainty with the Ontario Ministry of Education’s expectations through curriculum documents; their feelings of uncertainty with what resources were
available to them with regards to literacy education; and the wide range of overall comprehension of literacy issues between their education at the Faculty and their practical teacher placement.
The findings reflect an overall agreement that the approach to future literacy education, both policy and practice, should be altered to better support not just the students but the educators themselves. Some of the teacher-candidates believed that their time at the Faculty was largely wasted, while others were able to accumulate and practically apply much
of the information gathered during their two terms. Current literacy methods and strategies were discussed from a number of perspectives, but a deeper understanding of their value and practical use was desired, as the pre-service teachers were exceptional at providing activities
and methods but were lacking an in-depth discussion of their practical use.


title: The impacts unnatural foods have on hibernation and health in American Black Bears

subject: Black bear hibernation

subject: Cellular aging & telomeres

subject: Gut microbiome (black bear)

subject: Wildlife & human food consumption (health effects)

subject: Human food consumption & hibernation

abstract:
As humans encroach more and more into wild spaces, we will continue to see an
increase in the negative impacts our lives have on those of the animals we share these
spaces with. One of these ways is through our food. In humans, this food is safe, but in
wildlife there are many harmful affects, whether it be through biological and health
problems or behavioural changes. Specific impacts on wildlife can include a lack of
proper nutrition, toxic materials in the food making them sick, increase the spread of
disease if large groups are attracted to the same food source and injuring each other
during competitive fights over the food source. One of the most well-known species
attracted to man-made food sources is the American Black Bear (Ursus americanus.)
This thesis will investigate the impacts of consuming unnatural food will have on the
health of wild black bears, more specifically on their hibernation patterns and ultimately
on the aging of their cells. Studies conducted on this topic have analyzed the length of
telomeres, the structure that manages aging in cells, collected from adult female bears at
different times of the year. These tests determined that when bears consume large
quantities of unnatural food sources, the amount time spent hibernating decreases.
Additionally, researchers have found links between a decrease in hibernation time and
an increase in cellular aging as the telomeres begin to waste away quicker when
hibernation is reduced. In conclusion, this research and others like it could help make
people more aware of the harm providing wildlife with access to human food can be and
assist in the development of methods to help mitigate these issues.


title: Dynamics of a polyphagous lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush (Walbaum), population in a Northwestern Ontario lake

subject: Lake trout Ontario Squeers Lake

abstract:
Tagging studies, index gill netting and an experimental
winter fishery were used to investigate the dynamics of a
polyphagous lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush population in
Squeers Lake of northwestern Ontario. The density and standing
crop of mature lake trout in Squeers Lake is higher than reported
for other lake trout populations. Lake trout in Squeers Lake
exhibit a bimodal length distribution with a wide range in length
at age, suggesting recruitment of juveniles into the adult
population is regulated. Observed depth distribution of lake
trout indicates adults may limit young juveniles to deep water.
Exploitation in the 1970's may have produced several strong year
classes, but recruitment into the adult population did not occur.
The slow growth of lake trout in Squeers Lake appears to
result from the lack of available pelagic forage fishes. Thermal
regimes limit foraging activity to Mysis relicta and Pontoporeia
hovi during the summer months resulting in suboptimal growth.
In Squeers Lake, scales underestimate the age of lake trout;
the magnitude of the error increases with age. In slow growing
polyphagous populations, age should be assessed using otoliths.
The wide range in size of fish at a given age suggests the
choice of aging tissue should be based on age rather than length.
The Ricker Yield model indicates Squeers Lake can withstand
the removal of four to eight times the allowable yield of lake trout recommended by the Morphoedaphic Index. . This model
accurately reflected actual yield of the 1986 winter fishery.
The lottery system is Useful for experimental management
projects because it allows strict control and monitoring of
effort and harvest. Anglers thought the lottery system was an
unacceptable method for managing lake trout populations.
Rotational pulse fishing appears to be a simple and acceptable
system for managing polyphagous lake trout populations.


title: Use of a single epiphyte lichen species Hypogymnia physodes as an indicator of air quality in northern Ontario

subject: Air quality management Ontario, Northwestern

subject: Plant indicators Ontario, Northwestern

subject: Hypogymnia physodes

abstract:
It has been determined that lichens are excellent indicators of regional
air quality, since they are long-lived and totally dependent on atmospheric
sources for nutrients. In the summer of 1987, samples of the epiphytic
lichen, Hypogymnia physodes (L.) Nyl. were collected from 46 sites in
northwestern Ontario, Twenty-eight of these sites were sampled around
the city of Thunder Bay, Samples were also collected from 6 sites around
each of the northwestern Ontario communities of Kenora, Ignace and Wawa,
Morphological observations of the lichens were made before sampling.
Chemical analyses were carried out and levels of A1, As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Hg,
Mg, Pb, Sand Zn were determined for each sample by atomic emission
spectrometry.
Overall levels of elements were low in relation to levels reported in
other literature. The ranges of concentrations (ppm) of elements in H.
physodes sampled around Thunder Bay were as follows: Al: 185 - 706;
As: 0,9 -7,1; Cd: 0,2 - 1,2; Cu: 0,8 - 6,9; Fe: 114 - 691; Hg: 0,6 - 5,8;
Mg: 69 - 393; Pb: 3,9 - 48; S: 42 - 434; Zn: 7 - 92, The area to the south
and southwest of Thunder Bay had the highest levels of most elements.
The area to the west had the lowest levels. The Kenora, Ignace and Wawa
areas had low levels of most elements relative to Thunder Bay results.
Levels of contaminants indicated an inverse relationship existed
between levels of pollutants and the distance from the pollution source.
A number of morphological observations correlated significantly with
levels of certain elements, suggesting possible indicator value.


title: Developing a Multiplex PCR Platform to Determine the Virulence Genes of Escherichia Coli in Boulevard Lake, Thunder Bay, Ontario

contributor:
Leung, Kam Tin
Schraft, Heidi
Qin, Wensheng
Pszczolko, Elizabeth

subject: Escherichia coli

subject: Pathogenic type of E. coli

subject: Detection of pathogenic E. coli

subject: E. coli as a fecal indicator organism

subject: Naturalized E. coli

subject: E. coli in Boulevard Lake, Thunder Bay, Ontario

abstract:
Given the evidence that E. coli can establish in the periphytic community and be released back into the water column, it is important to understand the pathogenicity of this group of E. coli by examining the virulence genes that they possess. In this study, an optimized DNA extraction method and multiplex PCR platform were developed to detect the virulence genes of five major pathotypes of E. coli (enteropathogenic E. coli, ETEC; enteropathogenic E. coli, EPEC; shiga toxin-producing E. coli, STEC; enteroinvasive E. coli, EIEC; and uropathogenic E. coli, UPEC). The multiplex PCR platform was used to examine the virulence genes of E. coli isolates from the periphyton and lakewater samples from Boulevard Lake, Thunder Bay, Ontario. In addition, E. coli isolated from goose feces and sewer pumping stations around the lake were also tested.
Four DNA extraction methods were compared including the: (I) Fermentas Genomic DNA Extraction Kit, (II) XS Buffer method, (III) Chelex DNA extraction method, and (IV) Chelex+RNase method. The average amounts of DNA obtained by the four methods were 1.1, 14.9, 140.7 and 150.2 μg/109 cells, respectively. However, only the DNAs extracted by the XS Buffer method were able to be specifically amplified by their respective PCR primers. Therefore, the XS Buffer method was selected in this study.
Three sets of multiplex PCR primers were initially designed to target and amplify nine specific virulence genes of the five major pathotypes of E. coli. Since the multiplex primers Set 2 and 3 were not functioning properly, they were replaced by multiplex PCR primers Set 4 and 5, respectively. The Set 1 primers contained the hs and hl primers that amplified the heat-stable enterotoxin (hs) and heat-labile enterotoxin (hl) genes of ETEC respectively, and ironEC primers for the iron sequestering gene (ironEC) of UPEC. The Set 1 multiplex primers successfully amplified the target genes either individually or simultaneously to produce specific DNA fragments at 170, 322 and 665 bp respectively. The Set 4 multiplex primers amplified the ial of EIEC, bfpA of EPEC and hly of UPEC to produce amplicons of 650, 324 and 1000 bp respectively. Finally, the Set 5 multiplex primers amplified the shiga-like toxin I and II genes (stxI and stxII) of STEC and papA of UPEC successfully to produce amplicons of 150, 255 and 720 bp respectively.
The multiplex primers Set 1, 4 and 5 were used to determine the presence of the nine targeted virulence genes in 306 E. coli isolates isolated from the periphyton, lakewater, goose feces and sewage samples in or around Boulevard Lake. The percentage of E. coli isolates in the sewage (37 isolates), goose (38 isolates), periphyton (75 isolates) and lakewater (76 and 80 isolates collected in 2010 and 2014 respectively) samples that contained one or more virulence gene(s) were 48.5, 28.9, 2.6, 5.3 and 5.0 % respectively. The results indicate that the periphytons were likely to be the major source of E. coli in Boulevard Lake. Furthermore, with the exception of two potential diarrheagenic E. coli isolates from the sewage (with hl gene) and 2014 lakewater (with bfpA gene) samples, all the virulence gene-positive isolates belonged to the uropathogenic E. coli pathotype.


title: Predictors of workplace absenteeism and duration of employment in cancer care workers / by Amanda Carosi.

subject:
Cancer care workers - Job stress
Healthcare workers - Job stress
Workplace absenteeism

abstract:
Workplace absenteeism and duration of employment are growing concerns among health care organizations, in terms of high costs, lost productivity, and job turnover. The aim of this study was to identify sociodemographic and work-related factors that predict workplace absenteeism, duration of workplace absenteeism, and duration of employment in cancer care workers. This study included 244 cancer care workers employed by Cancer Care Ontario at the Northeastern Ontario Regional Cancer Centre (NEORCC), Sudbury, Ontario, between January 1 st, 1998 and December 31st, 2003. Sickness absence data were obtained from employee attendance records and human resource databases.  Logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the risk of high sickness absence (three or more absence events per year), high sickness absence duration (five or more days of absence per year), and high mean duration of absence (1.5 or more days absent per event). A Cox proportional hazards regression model, using duration of employment (in years) as the outcome measure (n=182), was used to estimate the risk of job separation at the NEORCC.
The highest rates of sickness absence were observed during the winter months (January to March) and lowest during the summer months (July to September) (p=0.001). The daily mean rate of sickness absence was lowest on Fridays and highest on Tuesdays, however the difference in sickness absence rates between the days of the week was nonsignificant.
Low job level (odds ratio (OR)=2.54, 95% confidence interval (Cl): 1.22-
5.27) was associated with a significantly increased risk of sickness absence of three or more absence events per year. Male gender (OR=0.28, 95% Cl: 0.13-0.60) and workers employed for a short-term period (less than five years) (OR=0.40, 95% Cl: 0.22-0.72) displayed a significantly lower risk of high sickness absence. Low job level (OR=3.38, 95% Cl: 1.57-7.28) was associated with a significantly increased risk of sickness absence of five days or more per year. Male gender (OR=0.32, 95% Cl: 0.15-0.70) and workers employed for a short-term period (less than five years) (OR=0.39, 95% Cl: 0.21-0.71) had a significantly lower risk of sickness absence duration of five days or more per year. Low job level workers (OR=2.20, 95% Cl: 1.01-4.81) had a significantly increased risk
of high mean duration, that is, sickness absence of 1.5 days or more per absence event, compared to high job level workers. Clinical workers (OR=9.55, 95% Cl: 2.03-44.95) and non-clinical workers (OR=6.01, 95% Cl: 1.23-29.38) displayed a significantly increased risk of high mean duration sickness absence compared to administration workers. Workers employed for a short-term period (less than five years) had a significantly lower risk of high mean duration (OR=0.45, 95% Cl: 0.25-0.82).
At the end of the study period, 62 (25%) employees had their job separated. Duration of employment from the start date of employment at the NEORCC ranged from 1.06 years to 30.13 years. The mean duration of employment in cancer care workers who remained employed at the NEORCC was 8.98 (SD 5.28) years. Permanent employment (OR= 0.21, 95% Cl: 0.12-0.38) was associated with a significantly decreased risk of job separation.


title: On the determinants of the monotonic and nonmonotonic lag effects

subject: Memory


title: Post logging succession and vegetation management with hexazinone herbicide in Picea glauca (Moench) Voss-Populus tremuloides Michx. forest

subject:
Herbicides
Hexazinone
White spruce

abstract:
The objectives were: to review the successional behaviour of
white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) - trembling aspen (Populus
tremuloides Michxt) stands in the literature, to conduct field studies
of the successional behaviour of planted white spruce in aspen stands,
and to test hexazinone herbicide as a means of modifying the postlogging
environment to release white spruce and other conifers.
Five and 13 year old white spruce plantations were selected
for study. Fifty square random plots were established in each
plantation. Total and mean aspen and white spruce volumes per plot
were calculated. Each plantation was stratified into 3 components
or "Situation Types" based on aspen density. Five plots were
established at both plantations in each of these Types. These
"Situation Plots" were circular and selected so that a white spruce
tree was located at each plot centre. The central white spruce and
the mean aspen tree on each "Situation Plot" were cut down for stem
analysis. The number of frost damaged tips per m[superscript 2] crown area on each central white spruce tree were calculated.
The mean and total aspen volumes per plot are not related to
the white spruce volumes per plot in either plantation. The current
annual increment curves of the paired central white spruce and the
mean aspen tree from each "Situation Plot" do not show any trends
for the 5 year old plantation. Current annual volume increment
curves from the 13 year old plantation show that a rapidly growing
aspen tree will suppress its white spruce neighbour. The number of
frost damaged tips per m [superscript 2] white spruce crown area significantly decreases as the number of aspen trees per plot increases at the 5 year old plantation. This relationship was not strong at the 13
year old plantation.
This information is used to make recommendations for releasing
white spruce from trembling aspen competition with hexazinone
herbicide.
Factorial herbicide trials were established in the field and
greenhouse to evaluate the effect of hexazinone herbicide on white
spruce and trembling aspen. Trials were also established to evaluate
the effect of hexazinone on black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.)
B.S.P.), jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.), willow (Salix spp.) and
beaked hazel (Corylus cornuta Marsh.) , Various hexazinone rates,
forms, spacings and spray positions were tested. Hexazinone
'Gridball' pellets and hexazinone concentrated solution (DPX-LX or
LE) were the herbicide forms used.
White spruce, black spruce and jack pine were found to be quite
tolerant to hexazinone herbicide. Hexazinone did not reduce the
survival or height growth of the white spruce significantly except
in the greenhouse trial. Jack pine and black spruce were only
significantly affected at the highest rates. In the greenhouse
trial, the high hexazinone rates applied to the foliage and soil
significantly reduced the survival and the foliage dry weight of
both white spruce and jack pine. Most rates of hexazinone applied
caused a significant reduction in height growth, survival and
foliage dry weight of the aspen, willow and hazel.
These results suggest that hexazinone can be used effectively
to control weed species in conifer plantations.


title: Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs of individuals attending influenza immunization clinics sponsored by the regional municipality of York / by Lara McLees.

subject:
Influenza vaccination - Public opinion
York, Ontario (Regional Municipality)

abstract:
The knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about influenza and the influenza vaccine of individuals in the community are not well known. The purpose of this study was to conduct a review of current literature related to influenza and the influenza vaccine and
then design and conduct a survey to examine the community’s knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs. Demographic information and reasons for vaccine acceptance also were explored. Descriptive explorative research was conducted utilizing a self-administered survey on individuals aged 18 and over attending community clinics sponsored by the Regional
Municipality of York Health Services Department. A total of 1,101 surveys were completed. Results showed 56.8% of participants were female, 75% of participants have physicians that recommend the flu shot, and 94.5% of participants had more than one flu shot in his/her lifetime. Females had significantly higher knowledge scores about influenza and the influenza vaccine than males. Individuals with family physicians who recommended the flu shot had significantly higher knowledge scores than individuals with physicians who did not. Knowledge scores were significantly related to levels of education, employment, income, having an underlying disease or condition and having a family physician who recommended the flu shot.
Recommendations include increasing educational material available to the public and conducting further research. Of particular importance is dispelling the myth that the influenza vaccine causes influenza.