identifier: Cameron, Colin <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Cameron=3AColin=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Enhanced rates of electron transport in conjugated-redox polymer hybrids.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: A series of benzimidazole-based conjugated polymers have been synthesized and their Ru²⁺ and Os²⁺ complexes reported. These novel compounds feature coordination of redox-active metal centres into the quasi-infinite π network of a conjugated polymer to give "conjugated-redox polymer hybrids''. These advanced materials offer technologically useful applications in, for example, electrochromic devices, molecular electronics, and electrocatalysis. -- The focus of this work has been to examine whether the interaction of metal sites through the polymer backbone can lead to enhancement of electron transport rates, measured as De, the electron diffusion coefficient. This parameter was measured by three different methods: rotating disc current mediation, dual electrode voltammetry, and impedance spectroscopy. Good agreement between the three was found, with impedance being the most reliable and versatile approach. -- Conservative estimates of De range up to 1x10⁻⁸ and 2x10⁻⁸ cms⁻¹ respectively for polymers containing ruthenium and osmium. This represents a tenfold to a one-hundredfold increase in the rate of electron transport over conventional redox polymers. Furthermore it was shown that De can be manipulated by controlling the protonation of the polymer, and that backbone degradation also has an influence. -- The special arrangement of the hybrid polymers permits strong electronic communication between metal sites. This in turn leads to the higher rates of electron transport. Intervalence transfer bands in the near infrared spectrum confirmed that the electronic coupling of neighbouring metal sites through the polymer is comparable to that in similar dinuclear model compounds. This coupling is so strong in the pyrazine polymers that it leads to splitting of the redox electrochemistry into a pair of distinct waves, with vanishing conductivity in the 50% oxidized state. This unusual condition provides some insight into the orbital energy relationships in these systems. -- The experimental evidence indicates that charge propagation and the corresponding enhancement of De in the hybrid polymers occurs via two exclusive superexchange mechanisms, extending the model previously invoked in simpler dinuclear systems.


identifier: Rowe, Sherrylynn <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Rowe=3ASherrylynn=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Size, structure, movement, and survival of American lobster, Homarus americanus, populations in areas with and without commercial harvesting.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

type: Thesis NonPeerReviewed

format: application/pdf application/pdf

abstract: To determine the potential effectiveness of no-take reserves as a fisheries conservation tool for American lobsters (Homarus americanus), I quantified the size, structure, movement, and survival of lobsters inside and outside of two small no-take reserves (Round Island and Duck Islands) in Bonavista Bay, Newfoundland during 1997-1999. These no-take reserves were established by harvesters as part of a co-management plan for the local fishery and supported approximately 1.5% of the local lobster population. Although this study only concerned the first three years following reserve establishment, there were clear differences in lobster population parameters inside and outside of the no-take reserves. At the Round Island reserve, population density was high and stable over time, and female and male size increased, as did the proportion of ovigerous females. However, at the Duck Islands reserve, population density increased dramatically between 1997 and 1998, and male size increased over time, but there was no detectable change in female size or in the proportion of ovigerous females. Lobster density, female and male size, and the proportion of ovigerous females were greater within the Round Island reserve compared to an adjacent harvested area. At the Duck Islands, females and males were larger in size within the reserve but I found no difference in lobster density or the proportion of females that were ovigerous between the reserve and an adjacent harvested area. Differences in the response of some lobster population components to small no-take reserves can be explained by patterns of lobster movement and survival. Because the frequency of lobster emigration from the reserves was low (only 8.7% of tagged lobsters recaptured were in an area with a harvesting status different from that of where they were tagged) and harvesting pressure outside of the reserves was intense (annual harvesting mortality amounted up to 87.2% for lobsters eligible for commercial harvest), my results indicated that no-take reserves can offer increased survival to lobsters and may provide direct benefits to the local fishery.


identifier: Sutardi, 1964- <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Sutardi=3A1964-=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Effect of different shaped transverse grooves on a zero pressure gradient turbulent boundary layer.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: An experimental study has been performed to investigate the response of a turbulent boundary layer to different shaped transverse grooves.  Square, semicircular and triangular grooves with widths of 5, 10 and 20mm and depth to width (d/w) ratio of unity were investigated.  The ratios of the groove depth to the oncoming boundary layer thickness (d/S₀) are 0.067, 0.133 and 0.267, respectively, for d = 5, 10 and 20mm. The experiments were performed at two freestream velocities (U₀) of 2.0 and 5.5m/s, corresponding to Reynolds number (R₀) based on the momentum thickness just upstream of the groove of 1000 and 3000, respectively. The turbulence parameters were measured using hot-wire anemometry, and measurements were performed at several locations downstream of the groove. The development of the wall shear stress and the internal layer downstream of the groove was also investigated. The ejection and sweep events and the bursting frequency were estimated based on the quadrant decomposition method. -- The development of the turbulent boundary layer downstream of the grooves was compared with results from the corresponding smooth-wall case. For all groove shapes, the 20mm groove has the most pronounced effect on all turbulence parameters. In general, the effect of the square groove on the turbulent characteristics is more pronounced than the effects of the semicircular and triangular grooves. The wall shear stress (Շw) was estimated from the slope of mean velocity at the wall. An increase in Շw just downstream of the groove for all groove shapes and sizes was observed. The increase in Շw is followed by a small decrease in Շw below the smooth-wall value before it relaxes back to the corresponding smooth-wall value at approximately x/S₀ = 3. The increase in Շw is more pronounced at R₀= 3000 than that at R₀ = 1000. At R₀= 1000, the spectrum of wall-normal turbulence intensity (v') downstream of the groove shows a significant increase at the higher wave number (k₁), while the increase in the spectrum of streamwise turbulence intensity (u') is not discernible at the same k₁ range. There is an increase in the bursting frequency (ƒB⁺) on the grooved-wall compared to the smooth-wall case. The variation of ƒB⁺ downstream of the groove is somewhat similar to the variation of Շw.


identifier: Percey, Ralph <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Percey=3ARalph=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Spreadsheet activities for a data management unit : a teacher's resource using Microsoft Excel.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Statistics are all around us. Statistical reports from areas like business, weather, politics, and sports are encountered daily by students and adults. Yet, the study of statistics as a branch of mathematics has primarily been an optional course offering in the high school curriculum of Newfoundland. However, through the efforts of the Atlantic Provinces Education Foundation (APEF), the study of statistics will now have a compulsory place in each level of the regional high school mathematics curriculum. This curriculum also calls for the integration of appropriate technologies like computer software to explore the relevant objectives. -- The aim of this project is to offer teachers a resource that supports the instruction of statistics through the integration of technology. This project is designed to explore various curriculum topics in statistics using the computer software package Microsoft Excel. The high school curriculum objectives for the Data Management unit as outlined in Course I, Level Y, Teacher's Pilot Draft Guidelines of the Atlantic Canada Mathematics Curriculum (1997) provides the framework for the activities. -- The project consists of a series of activities that use Microsoft Excel as a tool to help students investigate several concepts in statistics. The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics has long supported involving students in constructing and applying mathematical ideas, using a variety of instructional formats like small cooperative groups and individual explorations, and using computers as tools for learning and doing mathematics (NCTM, 1989, p. vi). This project integrates these ideas into an organized collection of activities.


identifier: Miranda Trevino, Jorge Clemente <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Miranda_Trevino=3AJorge_Clemente=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Effect on pH of heavy metals retention by kaolinite.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Heavy metals are naturally present in soils but in high concentrations they can be hazardous to the environment and human health. To understand the adsorption of the metals, Batch tests were conducted to measure the adsorption of 1, 2 and 3 mM/L concentrations of cadmium, lead and zinc onto kaolinite over periods of 0.1, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours and to measure the change in hydrogen ion concentration. The kaolinite was found to contain iron oxides which increased the point of zero charge of the kaolinite to pH 4.7 and the pH 7 CEC to 17.8 meq/100 g. The clay retained a maximum of 10 μM/g of lead, 8.4 μM/g of zinc and 6.0 μM/g of cadmium. Similar adsorption behaviours were found for Pb and Zn, while Cd shows a different trend. The pH of the solution highly influences the adsorption of Cd but it has little effect in the adsorption of the other two metals. Among the three metals Pb was present the slowest adsorption at 0.1 hrs. From the kaolinite reactive spaces, the aluminium hydroxyl, silicon oxide and iron oxide sites are probably involved in the release or retention of hydrogen ions. The ratio of hydrogen ions released to metal adsorbed is presented and the trend for each metal is examined with their respective equations. In addition, the desorption for the 1 mM/L concentrations of the three metals is examined. Adsorption isotherms are used to help analyze the adsorption data.


identifier: Hanke, Richard <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Hanke=3ARichard=3A=3A.html>   (2001) Shaft capacities of closed end piles under load reversals in sand.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Since a wide range of opinions exists on axially loaded friction piles in sand a further evaluation and determination of the mechanisms involved with pile shaft capacities has been undertaken. A series of model pile load tests have been carried out in a geotechnical centrifuge to determine the effects of continuous load reversals. Axial compression and tension tests were performed on closed end pipe piles in a medium to dense dry silica sand. Both the end bearing and the total pile capacity were simultaneously measured to enable direct calculation of the shaft capacity. Pile loads and displacements were measured, as was the pile's inclination off vertical. With this information and the soil properties obtained within the laboratory, back calculations were performed using various methods to theoretically determine the pile shaft capacities. The theoretical values were then compared with the pile model data at prototype scale. This comparison has revealed the lack of reliability of design procedures of full displacement-type friction piles in sand and has yielded recommendations for the further experimental testing of pile models, which may ultimately lead to recommendations to existing design guidelines. -- The study demonstrated that pile shaft capacities in non-cohesive soils can be both underestimated and dangerously overestimated by following conventional analytical design procedures. Pile inclination was determined to have a great affect on shaft capacity. Furthermore, the mobilization of pile end bearing was observed to have a distinct influence on compressive shaft resistances. Test results revealed a significant reduction in tensile shaft resistance after the first few load cycles and a continued reduction with an increasing number of load reversals. Conversely, an increase in the total pile compressive resistance after several cycles was observed and thought to be due to granular crushing and material densification at the zone of end bearing. Similar to the end bearing response, the compressive shaft resistance initially reduced with load reversals but a trend reversal did become apparent. As the end bearing began to increase with continuous load cycling, so did the compressive shaft resistance. Focussing on an individual load cycle, the observed tensile shaft resistances were approximately equal to the compressive resistances before the end bearing was mobilized. Beyond this point the compressive shaft resistances increased to values of 2 to 3 times that of the corresponding tensile capacities. The increase in compressive shaft resistance was observed to be proportional to the simultaneous increase in end bearing capacity. -- It is believed that a pressure bulb is generated at the pile base that in turn increases the lateral confining stresses along the lower portion of the pile shaft The study has shown that as soon as the end bearing is activated, the formation of a pressure bulb can dominate the frictional behaviour of relatively short piles.


identifier: Wiarsih, Wiwin <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Wiarsih=3AWiwin=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Empowerment as a way to improve nutrition in pregnancy in Waru Jaya, West Java Indonesia : an action research study.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of this study was to use empowerment as a means of working with pregnant women in Waru Jaya village, rural West Java, Indonesia to improve their nutrition in pregnancy. Pregnant women in developing countries are at increased risk for poor nutrition and as a result experience increased incidence of morbidity and mortality for themselves and their infants. Although poverty and poor socioeconomic conditions are the major causes of this poor nutrition, other limitations, such as, cultural prohibitions, household food distribution, and attitudes toward women make the situation worse. -- In this study I worked with 14 lower-socioeconomic pregnant women and cadres (village volunteers) over a four month period, using a participatory action research methodology. The aim was to assist the women both to become empowered and to improve their nutrition. Freire's empowerment model of education was the theoretical framework for the research. -- Findings from the study suggested the women were becoming empowered as evidenced by them gaining new knowledge, being motivated to change, making changes in nutritional practice, weighing cultural beliefs, increasing self-confidence, developing social relationships, improving decision-making abilities, and working to overcome barriers. The barriers that the women continued to experience were poverty, availability of nutritious food in the village, and availability of health and nutritional care. -- A model was developed to describe the empowerment process that occurred. The research, although limited to these women and their situation, does have implications for nursing practice, education, and research, and for nutrition policy especially in developing countries.


identifier: Furey, Hubert Thomas <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Furey=3AHubert_Thomas=3A=3A.html>   (1978) Educational legislation for political security under the Third French Republic, 1879-1880 : the debate over Article 7 in the Chamber of Deputies.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The publication of the Doctrine of Papal Infallibility by the First Vatican Council of the Roman Catholic Church in 1870 had significant implications for democratically elected governments of predominantly Roman Catholic nations; a view held by the members of the Republican government of France in 1879 who used the event to lay the basis for a political argument which found expression in Article 7 of the “Law Relating to the Freedom of Higher Education”, introduced into the French legislature of the Third Republic on March 15, 1879. The introduction of the article, and the furor it raised in the two houses of the legislature and in the nation, provides the background for a study of the government’s objective of Republican security contained within the article, its feelings towards the Roman Catholic Church generally, and its attempts to integrate the two into an ecclesiastical policy which would neither compromise the future of the Republic nor be persecutory, in the opinion of the government, toward the Church. This paper proposes to be such a study and it analyzes Article 7 both for its political objective and its method of achieving that objective through educational legislation, and the interrelationship of both, as perceived by the spokesmen of the government. -- As the latter unfolded their arguments in the Chamber of Deputies during the legislative debate on Article 7, and in their speeches and writings on matters relating to Article 7, they collectively depicted the emergence of a massive coalition of anti-Republican forces in the nation, forces which were in evidence in every level of government administration, and were represented in the Chamber by the parties of the Right – the Legitimists, the Orleanists and the Bonapartists. The leadership and direction of the coalescing forces and the focal point of organization and bond of the alliance, ran the Republican argument, was provided by the non-authorized teaching orders of the Church, especially the Jesuits. Through the publication of papal infallibility they had accomplished their aim of control of the universal Catholic Church as a first step in the plan of world domination in accordance with their doctrine of indirect power. As agents of that doctrine, the Society was seeking to control the national churches in the various Catholic countries through obtaining a pre-eminent place of authority and increasing their numbers of communities, a development which, according to the Republicans, was already well under way in France. In this process of gaining control they were placing the vast power and influence of the Church, as perceived by the Republicans, in the service of the parties of the Right both by using the hierarchy, authority and obedience of the Church to attain the organization and control of the present electorate and by using the educational system of the Church to indoctrinate the youth of France in the political thinking of the Right to ensure control of the future electorate. If the process were to continue, the Republic was certain to be threatened, if not destroyed, by the creation of a second France within its very bosom; a France which would be eternally hostile to the Republic and would only exist in a state of war with it. -- To ensure the future of the Republic and the unity of the nation, the Republican government felt compelled to expel the Jesuits from the nation and secure control of the other non-authorized orders through authorization. Both could be achieved, they felt, and the integrity of Church-State relations preserved, through the implementation of Article 7 which, in their minds, was simply the reapplication of the terms of the Concordat of 1808. The Concordat had provided mutual protections and guarantees for both Church and State through the arrogation to the state of the right to regulate or authorize religious orders, an arrogation which had been set aside through the anti-Revolutionary reaction of the previous three decades. Since the Jesuits and the other orders in question fell within the category of non-authorized congregations, the reviving of the terms of the Concordat to combat their presence and activity placed the Republican government, in the opinion of its spokesmen, in a legal and justifiable position relative to the orders, a position which in their further opinion could be readily identified with the positions of all previous French governments stretching back to the monarchies of pre-Revolutionary days. Also, the reimplementation of the Concordat meant that the government, in its political quarrel with the Jesuits, was not embarking, in its own estimation, on any new, drastic policy towards the Church such as persecution or separation, but was demonstrating its good faith in reverting to a policy of compromise and moderation, a policy which had been in force since the Revolution and had only been permitted to lapse over the previous three decades. Thus, concluded the Republicans, Article 7 was intended to combat a political threat from political forces whose leadership was operating under the guise of agents of education; hence the presence of political objectives in educational legislation. -- This explains the working of the title of the thesis and describes, in capsule form, the thesis itself which the author proposes. It does not attempt to objectively judge the relative strengths or weaknesses of the policy, nor whether the policy was a success or a failure in achieving its political objective. It is merely an attempt to portray the thinking of a government faced, as it believed, with the threat of political extinction in the definitive sense, and its attempt through legislation to remove that threat without prejudicing the very ideals and freedoms they believed they represented. The study of Article 7 is the portrait of a government in a dilemma; in the same legislative breath to remove the Church as a threat without interfering with the Church as a functioning institution. Article 7 was the government’s solution to that dilemma and, given the circumstances of the government which initiated its creation, and the alternative policies which they perceived were available, can be regarded as a genuine attempt to resolve the complex Church-State issue of the Third Republic in 1879 and, relatively speaking, and ecclesiastical policy of the first order.


identifier: Rosen, David A. S. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Rosen=3ADavid_A=2E_S=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1995) Seasonal changes in the energy budgets of captive harbour seals (Phoca vitulina concolor).  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Seasonal changes in several components of the energy budgets of captive harbour seals (Phoca vitulina concolor) were studied to further understand previously documented cycles of energy conservation and utilization. Body mass in adult seals varied by 16-30% (15-32 kg) throughout the year, resulting in net production energy of ±200 MJ/week. Circannual variation in gross energy intake (GE) resulted in a range of 30-300 MJ/week. Combined, concurrent changes in GE and body mass resulted in a range in available energy (EA) of 50-350 MJ/week. Resting metabolic rate (RMR) displayed significant seasonal variation (45-129 MJ/week), and accounted for 10-90% of EA throughout the year. Changes in RMR may serve as either an adaptation or a response to varying levels of energy turnover. Mass-specific metabolism exhibited a stronger statistical relationship to EA than did RMR. Locomotor activity was significantly related to EA for all the male seals, but not for the female. The strength of the statistical relationship in the mature males derived largely from the high levels of activity and EA during the breeding season. However, increases in locomotor activity could not account for all of the observed EA. Rectal temperatures, which displayed a circannual variation of 2.0-2.8°C, were related to EA for only three of the seals and were more closely related to water temperature. The observed variation in core temperature was speculated to result from changes in deep body set-points. The substantial changes that were documented to occur throughout the year in many aspects of the seals’ energy budgets highlight the need for long-term investigations of energetics, metabolic physiology and feeding ecology.


identifier: Wu, Yong-Jin <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Wu=3AYong-Jin=3A=3A.html>   (1991) Spiro-annulation strategy in the total synthesis of terpenes and a steroid.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Kuwajima et al. reported that the Lewis acid-catalysed reaction of a ketal with 1,2-bis(trimethylsiloxy)cyclobutene (109) followed by rearrangement of the resulting cyclobutanone derivative with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) can provide a 2,2-disubstituted cyclopentane-1,3-dione in a reasonable yield. Our model studies with a variety of ketals revealed that a large excess of BF₃Et₂O and a longer reaction time can give cyclopentane-1,3-diones directly, and in better yields. This improved spiro-annulation procedure has been applied to the total synthesis of (±)-isokhusimone (65), (±)-3-methoxyestra-1,3,5,8,14-pentaen-17-one (161), (±)-epi-pentalenene (279), and (±)-pentalenene (230). -- Our synthesis of (±)-isokhusimone (65) began with norcamphor. 4,4-DimethyI-2-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-one (114) readily available from norcamphor was converted to 3-(1,1-dimethyl-2-oxopropyl)cyclopentanone (112) in three steps, and then selectively ketalized. The ketal function underwent Lewis acid-catalysed spiro-annulation with 1,2-bis(trimethylsiloxy)cyclobutene (109) affording 7-(1,1-dimethyl-2-oxopropyl)spiro[4.4]nonane-1,4-dione (106), and intramolecular titanium-induced ketone-ketone coupling and oxidation provided (±)-isokhusimone in an overall yield of 35% from norcamphor. In an alternative approach, 7-(1-carbomethoxy-1-methylethyl)-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.4]nonane (149) was prepared from 4,4-dimethyl-2-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-one (114) in three steps. Spiro-annulation proceeded in good yield, but subsequent titanium-induced ketone-ester coupling failed to provide the desired tricyclic product, 7,7-dimethyltricyclo[6.2.1.0¹,⁵]undecane-2,6-dione (147). -- Our synthesis of (±)-3-methoxyestra-1,3,5,8,14-pentaen-17-one (161) was designed so that the D ring was generated by the Lewis acid-catalysed reaction of 1,2-bis(trimethylsiloxy)cyclobutene (109) with a ketal prepared from 6-methoxy-1-tetralone (220) via an ultrasonically induced Barbier reaction with 2-(2-bromoethyl)-2,5,5-trimethyl-1,3-dioxane (224). -- Our total synthesis of (±)-epi-pentalenene and of (±)-pentalenene was started with dimedone (446), which was converted to 7-ethyl-9,9-dimethyl-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]dec-7-ene (448) in three steps. The spiro-annulation of this ketal proceeded smoothly to produce 7-ethyl-9,9-dimethylspiro[4.5]dec-7-en-1,4-dione (444). Monoaddition of methyllithium and ozonolysis, followed by intramolecular aldol condensation provided 4,8,8-trimethyl-6-(1-oxopropyl)spiro[4.4]nona-3,6-dien-1-one (443). The stereochemical outcome at C-9 depended on the order in which the double bonds of enone 443 were reduced. Catalytic hydrogenation and intramolecular aldol condensation provided a 1 : 5 mixture of rel-(4R,8R,9R)- (439) and rel-(4R,8R,9S)-2,6,6,9-tetramethyltricyclo[6.3.0.0⁴,⁸]undec-1-en-3-one (440) in good yield, but, Birch reduction and catalytic hydrogenation followed by aldol condensation produced a 4 : 1 mixture of 439 and 440, which were transformed into (±)-pentalenene (230) and (±)-epi-pentalenene (279) in a straightforward fashion. -- Two model reactions pertaining to the synthesis of (±)-pentalenolactone (233) and some factors affecting geminal acylation reactions were investigated. We discovered that the geminal acylation reactions of ketals with 1,2-bis(trimethylsiloxy)cyclopentene (543) proceed in the same fashion as with 1,2- bis(trimethylsiloxy)cyclobutene (109) to provide 2,2-disubstituted cyclohexane-1,3-diones in good yields. Our results were at variance with those reported by Pattenden and Teague.


identifier: Thurgood, Ranald <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Thurgood=3ARanald=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Storytelling on the Gabarus-Framboise coast of Cape Breton : oral narrative repertoire analysis in a folk community.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The rural folk community exists. The Gabarus-Framboise region of eastern Cape Breton, although not Redfield's ideal folk society, is, nonetheless, a contemporary folk community in which virtually every person knows every other and where all are connected by a strong sense of history, tradition, kinship, and place. Unlike members of many urban communities of interest, residents of Gabarus-Framboise interact continually at work and play. Any individual's social universe extends well beyond the immediate area but is dominated by relationships with local people. Here, a sense of regional identity is both shaped and reinforced by storytelling traditions. In fact, stories provide roots for the people of this community, connecting the tellers and listeners even as they entertain. -- This thesis is a repertoire analysis of contemporary oral narratives in a rural folk community. A thematic breakdown of stories shows that while they cover a variety of topics, most focus on the community, its residents, and their physical and social environment. To situate current storytelling practices and themes, they are first placed within their historical-cultural context. The region's oral narratives are enjoyable and comprehensible, at a basic level, to outsiders. However, these stories are better understood as parts of an ongoing community novel containing both repeating and overlapping characters and topics, carrying deeper messages about identity, relationships, and values to insiders. -- The community's narratives cannot be separated from either tellers or listeners. Most local residents share the ability to create entertaining narratives about such subjects as personal experiences, family and community history, supernatural occurrences, and local characters. Typical conversational storytelling is analyzed by examining a house visit involving two couples, in which each person makes an important contribution to the evening's entertainment. The thesis includes many stories from both men and women. However, the role of specialized storyteller is attributed locally to the elderly, usually men or Gaelic speakers. The repertoires and storytelling practices of three men who are recognized by their neighbours as the community's outstanding storytellers are explored. While expressing their own preferences for particular narratives and narrative genres, local storytellers, whether conversational or specialized, maintain and reshape regional identity.


identifier: Memon, Ejaz <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Memon=3AEjaz=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Environmental effects of thermal power plant emissions : a case study.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: During the last 20-25 years, Saudi Arabia has made remarkable progress in developing industrial infrastructure, with hundreds of billions of dollars invested in the energy sector. The power generation capacity during the last 20-25 years has increased by several folds in Saudi Arabia. However, like every other development, the power generation industry also has some environmental externalities and concerns. Some of these concerns are related to the emissions of primary pollutants and their human health, environmental and atmospheric effects. The emissions from thermal power plants include sulfur dioxide (SO₂), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM), organic compounds and toxic metals such as lead, arsenic and cadmium. -- An attempt is made in this study to assess the environmental effects resulting from massive development in energy sector in Saudi Arabia. The emission inventory of thermal power plants was developed using AP-42 emission factors. Two dispersion models selected after detailed evaluation were: (a) HYsplit4, which is a long range transport model, and (b) ISCST3, which is a U. S. EPA approved model for short range modeling. The former model is used to assess regional effects of thermal power plant emissions in Saudi Arabia, and the later is used to assess the effects of a power plant, in local communities. The future expansion of a power plant's generation capacity and alternate energy sources are also studied using these models. -- The estimated pollutant levels were compared with the Meteorological and Environmental Protection Agency (MEPA) National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for quantification of adverse effects. The HYsplit4 model was used to estimate total particulate deposition as well as SO₂ and NOx ambient concentrations from power plants' emissions in the Arabian Peninsula including Saudi Arabia and the Gulf regions. The ISCST3 model was used to simulate the ambient concentrations of SO₂, NOx, CO and PM within a 25 km radius for a power plant located in Eastern Saudi Arabia. Different simulation scenarios were also developed to study the effects of altered operational routine and fuel options on pollutant concentrations at desired or critical locations. -- In order to reduce the pollution level with growing demands in the power sector, a fuel switching option i.e. a combination of crude oil and natural gas was also studied. It was found that the fuel switching option would be an economically viable option. However, a detailed investigation under site-specific meteorological conditions should be carried out with reliable data and fuel characteristics and plant specific information.


identifier: Kennedy, Edward J. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Kennedy=3AEdward_J=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Effect of proteins, lipids, minerals, and pigment in prepared diets on the somatic growth of juvenile green sea urchins, Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study investigated the effects of proteins (fishmeal and soybean), lipids (corn, linseed, and menhaden oils), minerals (modified Bernhart-Tomerelli and Shur-Gain salt mixes), and pigment (beta-carotene) over a range of concentrations in moist-extruded prepared diets on the somatic growth performance of juvenile green sea urchins, Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis, in five feeding experiments (ranging in length from 159 to 300 days). The growth of juveniles (ranging in size from 1 mm to 20 mm initial test diameter (TD)) fed prepared diets was compared to the growth of similar sized juveniles fed kelp, Laminaria longicruris. Juveniles fed the diets with the different sources and concentrations of proteins and lipids had smaller, poorly pigmented tests with short, stubby spines compared to the juveniles fed kelp after each experiment. Those fed kelp allocated more energy towards test production, whereas those fed the prepared diets allocated more energy to gonad production. The dietary protein treatments used in this study had no effect on growth and survival of the juvenile sea urchins. The lipid source treatments, which differed in the major essential fatty acids (i.e., n-3 and/or n-6), also had no effect on juvenile growth and survival in this study, but juveniles fed diets with lower lipid concentrations (i.e., 1% and 3%) had larger test sizes, but similar survival, than those fed diets with a high lipid concentration (i.e., 10%). The poor growth and physical appearance of the juveniles fed the protein and lipid diets were attributed to nutrient deficiencies in the prepared diets and the associated stress in the juveniles. Juveniles fed pigmented diets grew to a larger size than those fed non-pigmented diets. Similarly, dietary mineral concentration had a positive effect on juvenile test growth. Juveniles (1-2 mm initial TD) fed a pigmented diet with high mineral concentration (15%) grew to a larger size than kelp-fed juveniles. The data indicate there were no differences in the nutritional needs of the various sizes of juvenile green sea urchins used in this study. Hence, nutritionally balanced prepared diets can be used for a wide size range of green sea urchins to increase juvenile test growth while maintaining health and survival.


identifier: Moret, Kelly J. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Moret=3AKelly_J=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Effects of photoperiod and light intensity on the survival, growth and feeding behaviour of larval striped wolffish (Anarhichas lupus).  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis investigated the impact of two environmental factors on the performance of larval striped wolffish (Anarhichas lupus). Specifically, I describe the impact of photoperiod and light intensity on the growth, survival, and feeding behaviour of larval wolffish. -- In the photoperiod experiment, larval wolffish were subjected to photoperiods consisting of 12 hours light/12 hours dark, 18 hours light/6 hours light, or 24 hours continuous light. Results showed that a photoperiod of 18L/6D yielded the best survival and growth after 50 days. Providing 24 hours light, a common technique in larviculture, did not offer any advantage in terms of survival or growth compared to the 18L treatment. The higher performance results seen for the 18L treatment is attributed to the similarity in photoperiod of the natural environment for the species. -- The investigation into the effects of light intensity on the survival and growth of larval wolffish compared intensities of 10, 40,160, 320, 750, and 1200 lux. For all values tested, survival and growth increased with increasing light intensity. A light intensity in the range of 750 lux-1200 lux produced survival rates of approximately 92.0% by day 50. -- The effects of light intensity (320 lux, 750 lux, 1200 lux) on the feeding and activity of larvae were also investigated. The frequency of feeding increased with increasing light intensity. The impact of light intensity was most significant during days 30-40, a period corresponding to the switch from endogenous to exogenous feeding in larval wolffish. During this period, the larval in the highest light intensity treatment (1200 lux) had significantly greater frequencies of feeding compared to the lowest light intensity treatment (320 lux). By the end of the study (day 50), there was no difference observed between treatments in terms of successful or unsuccessful foraging. -- For the production of larval wolffish a photoperiod of at least 18L in conjunction with 1200 lux is recommended for maximum growth and survival up to at least day 50 post-hatch.


identifier: Bromberek, Marek <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Bromberek=3AMarek=3A=3A.html>   (2001) Elastic properties of ferroelastic LiKSO4 in the temperature range from 20 K to 150 K.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Brillouin spectroscopy was used to investigate elastic properties of ferroelastic lithium- potassium sulfate (LiKSO₄) single crystal in the temperature range from 20 K to 150 K. Particular attention has been paid to the temperature region where structural phase transformations have been reported to occur. -- Samples used in the experiment were prepared from untwinned parts of large single crystals and were not treated thermally prior to the experiments.  Due to cracking of samples at approximately 50 K, only the temperature dependence of longitudinal modes is reported. -- The longitudinal mode propagating in the [100] direction was temperature independent over the whole temperature range.  The modes propagating in [101] and [011] directions show small anomalies below 50 K.  Nothing can be concluded about the nature of the changes or the possible phase transition temperatures from these data.  However, the mode propagating along the [001] direction shows a local minimum at 52 K which is associated with a structural phase transition.  Cracking of most of the samples used in this work at this tempearture suggests the phase transition to be of the first order. Moreover, a small anomaly of the sound wave velocity propagating in this direction occurs at 38 K.  Also a pronaunced increase of Brillouin shift occurred below 28 K. These anomalies disappeared after performing the measurements for the second time on the same sample.  This behavior can be attributed to the coexistence of different phases over the whole temperature range, or the influence of phase transitions on the spatial distribution of defects and related local internal stresses. -- The temperature of the ferroelastic phase transition reported earlier in the literature was confirmed to be 185 K.  The changes of elastic properties at this temperature are in good agreement with previously reported results. -- Suggestions for further work are included.


identifier: Wells, Jacquelyn M. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Wells=3AJacquelyn_M=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Effects of managed buffer zones on fauna and habitat associated with a headwater stream in the Indian Bay watershed in northeast Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The effectiveness of managed buffer zones in protecting an aquatic ecosystem during forest harvesting was studied for a two year period on a small headwater stream in northeastern Newfoundland, Canada. The study consisted of examining several components including abiotic (water temperature and sedimentation) and biotic (macroinvertebrates and salmonids). These components were studied pre- and post-harvest to determine the impact of the following riparian management schemes: 20 m no harvest buffer; 20 m buffer with 30 % of the basal area harvested; 30-50 m buffer with 30 % of the basal area harvested; and a no harvest 'control' site. -- Sedimentation significantly increased for the 20 m buffer with selective harvesting. Water temperature was slightly impacted within the optimum temperature class for brook trout (Salvelinus foniinalis) only with a significant decrease for the 30-50 m buffer with selective harvesting and the 20 m buffer with selective harvesting. The stress and lethal temperature classes were not significantly different between pre- and post-harvest observations. The water temperature significantly increased within the upper and lethal temperature classes for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) within the 30-50 m buffer with selective harvesting. -- The effects of selective harvesting on aquatic macroinvertebrates varied depending on the index and taxon. The number of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) divided by the number of Diptera index was not significantly affected by site and year. However, the number of total EPT? Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera, Diptera (excluding Chironomidae) and Chironomidae were all significantly affected by site and year. The most notable difference between pre- and post-harvest occurred within the 20 m buffer, where a large increase in Oxythira sp., an algal consumer, was observed. The number of species observed for each of the sites was slightly greater post-harvest, however the differences were not significant. -- Brook trout and Atlantic salmon populations significantly increased for all three experimental sites except for brook trout within the 20 m buffer site. The biomass of brook trout significantly increased within the 20 m buffer with selective harvesting, while all other differences for brook trout and Atlantic salmon biomass were not significant. Young-of-the-year salmonid populations increased for all three experimental sites, with the exception of brook trout within the 20 m buffer. Young-of-the-year saimonid biomass was not significantly different for any of the experimental sites. For year 1 + and older Atlantic salmon populations, the 20 m buffer displayed the only significant increase between pre- and post-harvest The brook trout population estimates were not significantly different for any of the experimental sites as compared to the no harvest site. The biomass of both salmonid species were not significantly different for any of the experimental sites. -- Overall, the reach with the 30-50 m buffer with selective harvesting appeared to be the least impacted, specifically in terms of sedimentation and invertebrate community changes. These results suggest that managed buffers in this area of Newfoundland should be 30-50 m. -- The results of this study should be cautiously interpreted, owing to the short post- harvest assessment, and longer term monitoring is recommended to assess the implications of harvesting with managed buffers.


identifier: Aboul-Azm, Azmy Fouad <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Aboul-Azm=3AAzmy_Fouad=3A=3A.html>   (1989) Ship resistance in ice floe covered waters.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The developmemt of new analytical and numerical methods for the calculation of ship resistance in broken, pack icef or ice floe covered waters, as well as full scale and model testing, has been addressed in this dissertation. -- In this study three methods for the calculation of ship resistance are presented. The first analytical formulation of ship resistance in ice fragments (The Micro Model) is based on the calculation of energy loss due to an impact between an advancing ship and an ice floe. Based on The Kinetic Theory of Gases (molecule collision and pressure) the number of possible ice floes colliding with the ship, in a given time, was estimated and consequently total ship energy loss and ship resistance was determined. The second approach for the calculation of ship resistance due to ice floes (The Macro Model) was formulated and developed based on the analysis of water drag of displaced ice floes. The Macro Model is based on the prediction of the total forces acting on the ship as a result of the displacement of a large number of ice floes out of the ship's path. -- Both analytical models have been formulated to account for both the ship characteristics and ice cover properties. Numerical calculations of ship resistance for existing ship hull forms have been performed and presented, in this study, using the newly developed models. -- A numerical calculation method based on the distinct element method has been introduced in this dissertation as a new approach for the calculation of ship resistance in ice floe or pack ice. -- Besides the analytical and the numerical approaches developed, a number of model test experiments were conducted in simulated broken ice cover to measure ship resistance increase due to ice fragments. -- A Full-Scale field measurement program was beyond the scope of this study. However, results from existing full scale tests, available in the literature, have been collected, analysed and presented in this study. -- Results from the new analytical and numerical models, model test experiments, and full scale field measurements, have been presented in this study to verify the validity of the different approaches. -- This study has developed new methods or tools for calculating the ship resistance in broken ice. This study has shown that it is possible to predict with reasonable accuracy, the magnitude of ship resistance in a given ice floe or pack ice cover.


identifier: Courtney, David Stanley <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Courtney=3ADavid_Stanley=3A=3A.html>   (1973) The Newfoundland Household Resettlement Programs : a case study in spatial reorganization and growth centre strategy.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The Newfoundland Household Resettlement Programs represent a government policy designed to redistribute rural population within a region.  This type of structural change involves concentration into or near larger centres offering goods and services and employment opportunities. The primary objective of this thesis is to provide a spatial analysis of household resettlement for the period 1965-1972 in terms of a proposed complementary growth centre strategy. This strategy incorporates the notion of growing service centres functioning as the natural growth centres of the province and the idea of expanding the growth centre concept to include growth area. The importance of the rural population segment achieving dual accessibility to these service centres and to areas of rural employment opportunities is stressed. -- A modification of Hermansen's suggested synthetic approach to growth centre research provides the theoretical and organizational framework for the study. A progressive four-stage examination is developed. The descriptive stage is concerned with the region’s structural characteristics and changes necessitating population redistribution, the spatial household resettlement patterns, and the theory, policy applications and empirical identification of growth centres for the province.  The positive stage interprets the resettlement patterns in terms of the nature and emphasis of the various Programs during the study period.  The normative stage proposes an optimal form of complementary resettlement and growth centre program.  Finally, the control stage outlines several basic policy needs to achieve the normative situation. -- The main conclusion of the study is that the revealed pattern of short distance movement into comparatively small size reception centres reflects, in part, the social service nature of the Resettlement Programs’ objectives. It is felt that this pattern should be further encouraged, consonant with a policy of simultaneous urban and rural development. -- During the study, several secondary objectives are accomplished, including: new uses for telephone system data; a methodology for the identification of the natural growth centres in the province; the utilization of a marginality index; and finally, the application of Transaction Flow Analysis, a model designed to identify salient flows.


identifier: Peng, Jianan <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Peng=3AJianan=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Statistical inference for treatments versus a control.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The treatments versus a control problem occurs in many scientific fields, with a major portion in medical research. Its primary goal is to determine if the response to one or more treatments differ from the response to a control or existing standard and if so, further to identify which treatments are better than the control. In many experiments, one often has a prior knowledge that the treatments are at least as effective as the control. It is well known that utilization of ordering information increases the efficiency of statistical inference procedures. The aim of this thesis is to develop some new statistical inference procedures for the problem by utilizing the prior information. -- In particular, simultaneous confidence lower bounds for the differences between treatment means and the control mean are considered. Efficient computation algorithms are proposed to obtain the optimal lower bounds between the best treatment mean and the control mean. Multiple contrast tests which take account of the prior knowledge play an important role in this thesis. -- Power studies via simulation compare the new proposed procedures with Dunnett's procedure and the likelihood ratio test. The new proposed procedures are also illustrated by some real data sets.


identifier: Ju, Chen <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Ju=3AChen=3A=3A.html>   (1997) Edge-enhanced segmentation for SAR images.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Segmentation of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images is an important step for further image analysis in many applications. However, the segmentation of this kind of image is made difficult by the presence of speckle noise, which is multiplicative rather than additive. Traditional segmentation methods originally designed for either noise-free or White Gaussian noise corrupted images can fail when applied to SAR images. -- Different methods have been previously developed for segmenting SAR images corrupted by speckle. One segmentation method was proposed by Lee and Jurkevich which is quite efficient; it first smooths speckle noise to allow regions to be distinguished in the image histogram, then uses histogram thresholding to segment the filtered image. However, some problems exist with their method: in the filtered image, noise is preserved in edge areas and some fine regions are oversmoothed; while in the segmented image, region boundaries are ragged and some fine features are lost. -- Based on Lee and Jurkevich's initial work, an edge-enhanced segmentation method is proposed in this thesis. The edge-enhanced segmentation method is automated and based on the iterative application of an edge-enhanced speckle smoothing filter. The edge-enhanced filters proposed in this thesis use edge information obtained by a ratio-based edge detector to improve the performance of the filters in noise smoothing as well as in edge and fine feature preservation. Due to the good performance of these edge-enhanced filters, the resulting histogram-thresholded segmented images have accurate and simple region boundaries and well separated regions of both large and small sizes. The proposed method is compared with the previous method proposed by Lee and Jurkevich, in both noise smoothing performance and in segmentation quality. The results are tested on synthetic images as well as airborne SAR images. The tests show that the proposed method produces better image segmentations, particularly in image region boundaries, homogeneous regions and for images with fine features. The proposed edge-enhanced segmentation scheme may be suitable for many SAR image analysis applications such as sea-ice segmentation, forest classification, crop identification, etc.


identifier: Morrison, Christopher F. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Morrison=3AChristopher_F=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2001) Efforts directed towards an asymmetric total synthesis of the antitumor antibiotic Fredericamycin A and a study of the Diels-Alder reactions of a carvone-derived diene.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Since its discovery in 1981, the antitumor antibiotic Fredericamycin A (1) has been the subject of extensive synthetic efforts focused mainly on construction of its 1,3-cyclopentanedione subunit.  Six total syntheses of 1 in racemic form have been reported.  An asymmetric synthesis of 1 was accomplished only very recently.  We have devised a potentially enantioselective route to 1 relying on precedents set in our laboratory for the construction of spiro-1,3-cycIopentanediones and their reduction in an enantioselective manner by Baker's yeast.  Reduction of 2’3'-dihydro-7'-methoxy-5'- methyIspiro(cyclopentane-2.1’-(1H)indene)-1,3-dione (132) with Baker's yeast furnished (2R,3R)-2’3’-dihydro-3-hydroxy-7’-methoxy-5’-methyIspiro(cycIopentane-2.1’-(1H)indene)-1-one (142).  The absolute stereochemistry of 142 was determined through derivatization as camphorsulfonyl ester 143. which was diastereomerically pure and crystalline.  On the basis of the absolute stereochemistry of 142, it was determined that ethyl 3,4,6-trimethoxy-2-[1,3]dithiolan-2-ylbenzoate (144) would be the required A ring synthon to lead to the natural enantiomer of 1.  The A ring synthon 144 was to be annulated to the CDEF synthon employing a tandem Michael-CIaisen sequence.  In a model reaction, deprotonated ethyl 2-[1.3]dithioIan-2-ylbenzoate (114a) reacted smoothly in a tandem Michael-CIaisen process with (2R*,3S*)-2'.3’-dihydro-7’-methoxy- 5’-methyl-3-(trimethylsilyl)oxyspiro([4]cyclopentene-2,1’-(1H)indene)-1-one (135) to furnish (2R*.3S*.3aS*)-4-[1.3]dithiolan-2-y1-2.2’.3.3’.3a.4-hexahydro-9-hydroxy-7’- methoxy-5'-methyl-3-(trimethylsilyl)oxyspiro((1H)-benz[f]indene-2.1'-(1H)-indene)-1-one (136) in 85% yield. -- Unfortunately, all attempts to convert N,N-diethyl-2-[1,3]dithiolan-2-y1-3,4,6-trimethoxybenzamide (147) to ester 144, either directly or indirectly, were unsuccessful.  However, the synthesis of ethyl 2-[1,3]dithiolan-2-y1-5,6-dimethoxybenzoate (245) was achieved.  Deprotonation of 245, followed by addition to a Michael acceptor, did not yield the expected tandem Michael-CIaisen product, but unsymmetrically substituted phthalic thiothionoanhydride 250.  This unexpected elimination of ethene was circumvented by conversion of the dithiolane to a dithiane moiety.  Deprotonated ethyl 2-[1,3]dithian-2-y1-5,6-dimethoxybenzoate (258) reacted smoothly with both 4-((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)spiro[4.5]dec-2-en-1-one (119) and (2R*,3R*)-3-acetoxy-2’.3’-dihydrospiro([4]cyclopentene-2,1’-[1H]indene)-1-one (249) to furnish the expected tandem Michael-CIaisen adducts in excellent overall yield. -- Singlet oxygen often exhibits unusual facial selectivity in the Diels-Alder reaction, presumably due to the formation of a perepoxide intermediate.  Our investigations into this unusual facial selectivity are presented, including attempts to extend this unusual facial selectivity to other dienophiles, such as N-phenylmaleimide, 4-phenyl-1.2.4-triazoline-3,5-dione (276), and tetracyanoethene.


identifier: Doyle, Antoinette <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Doyle=3AAntoinette=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Emergent literacy : the child, the family, and the community.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In this paper folio the emergent literacy of young children is examined from three perspectives: the child, the family, and the community. In the first paper, the contribution of everyday experiences in children's literacy development are discussed. These include oral language interaction, storybook reading, writing experiences, environmental print and play. In the second paper the influence of the family on children's literacy development is considered. Family characteristics, which include both status and process variables are identified and their impact on children's literacy is considered with respect to the research literature. In the third paper the development of family literacy programs, as a response to support families in the literacy development of their children, is discussed. The roles of the school and community in supporting family literacy programs are considered.


identifier: Bennett, Margaret <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Bennett=3AMargaret=3A=3A.html>   (1975) Some aspects of the Scottish Gaelic traditions of the Codroy Valley, Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In the mid-nineteenth century, a group of Highland Scots emigrated from Scotland to Nova Scotia with the hopes of claiming some land, just as those who had gone out before them had done.  After over a decade of hard work and disappointment, and still no prospect of land-ownership, where the landlord situation seemed no better than what they had left in Scotland, they migrated to the fertile Codroy Valley on the west coast of Newfoundland.  The land they met with was heavily wooded, without any of the marks of civilization such as churches, schools, roads, or railways, as up until that time it had been the home of Micmac Indians and a few English settlers, with French fishermen visiting in the summer to take advantage of the excellent fishing off the coastal waters. In spite of the hard work they saw before them, the Scottish settlers were relieved at last to find that they could indeed own segments of the land. -- As the Codroy Valley became the permanent home of the French and some Irish, as well as the Micmac, English, and Scots, the various ethnic groups at first kept apart from one another, speaking their own language, and carrying on the customs of their forebears.  Towards the turn of the century, when they began to build roads, railways, churches, and schools, they became more integrated, although they continued to speak their separate languages for many years. Several of the Highland Scottish families were Gaelic-speaking until the 1960’s when finally the entire population of the Codroy Valley adopted English as the common language, and modified their separate cultures to fit a new way of life. -- One of the last families to retain the Gaelic as the language of the home was that of Allan and Mary MacArthur of Upper Ferry.  Allan himself was for many years looked upon as one of the last strongholds of the Gaelic history, culture, and traditions in the Codroy Valley.  Well into his eighties when I first met him, he came to look upon my interest in recording his traditions as a last hope for preserving what the younger generations of the Codroy Valley Scots had virtually ignored.  As he selected what he wished to pass on, he revealed his remarkable memory and deep interest in all aspects of his culture.  His contributions were complemented by additional information from his wife, Mary, who, after the death of her husband, took on the responsibility of making sure that the traditions were accurately preserved. -- This study deals with selected aspects of the oral and material culture of the Highland Scots of the Codroy Valley. Largely from the point of view of the MacArthurs, It is, however, supplemented by information from other Codroy Valley Informants and from what printed sources were available during the research.  While this study traces the history of the Highland Scots in the Codroy Valley and deals with their traditional way of life, it also aims to point out that language is of a crucial importance in preserving a culture. Once the language is removed, then so much else is forced to change, resulting in the evolution of a new culture.


identifier: Radu, Oana <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Radu=3AOana=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Engel's Theorem in generalized lie algebras.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In this thesis we deal with Engel's Theorem about simultaneous triangulability of the space of nilpotent operators closed under Lie bracket, one of the corner stones of Lie Theory.  This theorem was first proven in 1892 by F. Engel in his paper [4].  Since then several various versions of this theorem and its proofs have been suggested ([3], [8], [12]).  In some versions the authors deal with weakly closed sets of elements in associative algebras [6].  In the others they look at representations of Lie algebras by nilpotent transformations of vector spaces [3]. -- Recently people began looking at the version of Engel’s Theorem for generalized Lie algebras.  Engel’s Theorem in the case of ordinary Lie superalgebras was mentioned (without proof) in the fundamental paper of V. Kac [8] devoted to the classification of simple finite-dimensional Lie superalgebras and in the monograph of M. Scheunert [12].  It was quite clear that a similar result should hold also in the case of more general color Lie superalgebras [2].  The most recent development leads to Lie algebras over Hopf algebras.  A version of Engel;s Theorem for this much more general setting was suggested in the Ph. D. dissertation of V. Linchenko [9]. -- In this dissertation we choose one of the possible versions of Engel’s Theorem, in the spirit of Bourbaki [3], using the approach via representation theory.  We demonstrate how this approach can work in the case of the color Lie superalgebras.  We also tried the case of so called (H,β)-Lie algebras where β is a bicharacter on a cotriangular Hopf algebra H.  The result we give here generalizes the case of ordinary Lie algebras but when restricted to the case of color Lie superalgebras produces a considerably weaker result.  The proof of this result and several complementary lemmas was communicated to us by M. Kotchetov.


identifier: Walter, David J. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Walter=3ADavid_J=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Soil enhancement by fluid injection for in situ treatment of contaminated soil.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Across North America, there are numerous sites where industrial, commercial or waste management activities have resulted in the release of a wide variety of contaminants into the ground. Many technologies used for in situ remediation of contaminants in soil and groundwater promote the movement of fluids through the subsurface to either treat the contaminant in place or to facilitate removal of the contaminant for surface treatment. The in situ treatment of contaminants located in low permeability soil is a particularly challenging problem. Existing in situ techniques for treating contaminants are generally ineffective in these soils and seldom used. The objective of this research has been to investigate a simple and low cost fluid injection technique that relies on a soil shearing mechanism to create an enhanced flow regime within the soil. An enhanced flow regime allows greater accessibility to contaminants and enables conventional in situ treatment technologies to be used more effectively over a broader range of soil conditions. -- The research included an experimental program consisting of fluid injection tests carried out from vertical and horizontal wellbores, and numerical simulations of injection test results. Reduced scale injection tests were carried out in a geotechnical centrifuge and large scale field experiments were carried out at the former U.S. Naval Facility in Argentia, NF. The numerical modelling work also included the analysis of data from an injection test program carried out by others in a large calibration chamber. -- The injection tests resulted in the formation of high permeability discontinuities within the soil surrounding the wellbore. Yielding due to shear was found to dominate under certain conditions, however, other mechanisms also occurred including porous flow without yielding, cavity expansion, and yielding in tension. The role that each of these mechanisms plays, is influenced by a complex interrelationship between physical and geotechnical parameters including pore and injection fluid properties, injection zone details, the soil stress state, permeability, constitutive behaviour, and structure.


identifier: King, Zoe <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/King=3AZoe=3A=3A.html>   (2001) Stimulation of the anterodorsal thalamic nucleus elicits an evoked potential in the dentate gyrus in the rat brain.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The hippocampus has long been theorized to play an important role in learning, memory, and spatial navigation.  An input conveying vestibular information is likely to exist if the hippocampus plays a significant role in spatial navigation.  Cells that respond to the spatial location of an animal have been found in the mammalian hippocampus, and their firing is influenced by vestibular cues (O’Keefe & Dostrovsky, 1971; Wiener et al. 1995), which originate in the semicircular canals and traverse the vestibular nuclei, the mammillary nuclei and the anterior thalamic nucleus (ADTN). -- In this study, monopolar stimulation of the ADTN reliability elicited an EPSP in the dentate gyrus (DG), the first structure in the trisynaptic relay network of the hippocampus.  A series of experiments designed to determine the route by which an ADTN-DG signal would travel had mixed results.  While a DG depth-profile and perforant path (PP)-lesion trials suggested at least part of the signal was the result of PP activation, cross- potentiation data did not yield results entirely consistent with a lateral perforant path (LPP) or medial perforforant path (MPP) route of travel. -- Norepinephrine (NE), a neuromodulator, may play a role in input attenuation and selection in the PP-DG connection.  The effect of norepinephrine on the ADTN evoked potential was investigated in this study to ascertain if there is a consistent effect on this potential vestibular input, to determine its consistency with the hypothesis that such input is through the PP, and to look for evidence that NE effects are path and/or modality-specific.  500 μg/kg idazoxan had a different effect on the ADTN EPSP than a known LPP input, suggesting a different route for ADTN input; however, the idazoxan effects on the LPP input were not consistent with norepinephrine effects on the LPP.  PGi stimulation, another method of enhancing NE input, yielded mixed effects on the ADTN EPSP, even when effects on the PP EPSP were consistent. -- The results suggest the ADTN EPSP may enter the DG in a mixed fashion or via a route not examined in this study.  The existence of the ADTN signal in the DG is consistent with the theory that there is an ADTN input to the hippocampus that may play a role in head-direction and place-code processing.


identifier: Horne, John K. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Horne=3AJohn_K=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1995) Spatial variance of mobile aquatic organisms : capelin and cod in coastal Newfoundland waters.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Patchy distributions of organisms are a long recognized attribute of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Quantitative descriptions of spatial variance provide clues to processes that generate patchiness. In aquatic environments, greater effort has focussed on quantifying spatial variance in distributions of plankton than on quantifying spatial variance in distributions of mobile organisms. To evaluate the relative importance of biological and physical processes that generate variance, a theoretical framework was developed that combines demographic, growth, and kinematic rates in dimensionless ratios. Ratio values are then plotted as a function of temporal and spatial scale. Application of this technique identified kinematics as the dominant process influencing capelin (Mallotus villosus) distribution along the coast during the spawning season. -- Hydroacoustic distribution data of capelin and Atlantic cod (Godus morhua) were analyzed to examine how shoaling, schooling, and the aggregative response of predators contribute to the spatial variance of mobile, aquatic organisms. A characteristic scale of patchiness was not observed at the temporal scale of a single transect (ca. 1 hour) or at the scale of a survey (ca. 2 weeks). On average, spatial variance decreased slightly over intermediate scales (10 km - 0.5 km) and then dropped rapidly at smaller scales. Data manipulations and computer simulations demonstrated that shoaling potentially increases spatial variance at intermediate scales, and that schooling potentially reduces spatial variance at scales smaller than aggregation sizes. There was no evidence of an aggregative response by cod to concentrations of capelin throughout the analyzed scale range (20 m -10 km). This unexpected lack of spatial association between predator and prey was explained using estimates of foraging energetics to show that cod were not constrained by physiology to track prey during the capelin spawning season. -- Theoretical and empirical results of this study have increased knowledge of scale-dependent spatial variance in mobile, aquatic organisms and provided insight to the biological processes that potentially generate these patterns. Scale-dependent plots of spatial variance combined with rate diagrams can be used to evaluate the relative importance of biological and physical processes that influence organism dispersion as a function of spatial and temporal scale.


identifier: Muzaffar, Sabir B. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Muzaffar=3ASabir_B=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Ectoparasites of auks (alcidae) at the Gannet Islands, Labrador : diversity, ecology and host-parasite interactions.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In seabirds, ectoparasites have been shown to cause everything from minor irritation and disease transmission to nest-desertion and death of both adults and chicks. I undertook my study to provide a better understanding of ectoparasite community structure using four auks and their ectoparasites as a model, and to attempt to derive some general principles that might be responsible for the persistence of ectoparasites on their seabird hosts. -- My thesis is presented in five chapters. The present chapter has summarized the rationale and background encompassing the objectives of the study and introduces the major group to which the host species in my study belong. Chapters 2, 3 and 4 are presented in the format of papers to be sent for publication in international, peer-reviewed, scientific journals. The quantifications and statistical analyses are different in each chapter and references are made to other chapters wherever appropriate. Chapter 5 summarizes the findings of Chapters 2, 3 and 4 in a more generalized form with suggestions for possible future research.


identifier: Smith, Deborah-Anne <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Smith=3ADeborah-Anne=3A=3A.html>   (1997) St. Gregory's school profile : an internship report.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of this report is to describe the results of an internship that focused on seeking information to compile a complete profile of St. Gregory's School. -- Chapter One outlines the rationale for the internship setting, describes the internship experience, method of evaluation, on-site supervision and the research component of the internship. Chapter Two contains background information on the Indicators Project and the school profile report. The school profile report is the result of the research component and is based on a template developed by the Newfoundland and Labrador Department of Education. Chapter Three is a case study of the school, using the format of a school report. Chapter Four is a personal reflection of my observations at St. Gregory's School during my internship. These reflections focus on the Teaching Staff and School Culture, the Role of the Principal in School Cultures, School Improvement and the Role of the Learning Resource Teacher. Each of these areas have contributed to setting the foundation of implementing Resource-based Learning into the school.


identifier: Smith, Michael Joan <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Smith=3AMichael_Joan=3A=3A.html>   (1992) Self-culture : health reform and society in Atlantic Canada and the northeastern United States.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In the last half of the 19th century the quest for health was paramount for North Americans. This dissertation will examine the work of health reformers from 1860 to 1900. Attention will be paid to phrenologists, hydropaths, and physical culture specialists. These reformers believed that the healthy body was symmetrical, that good health was a natural condition for both men and women, and that the best prescriptions were based on nature’s laws. Reformers condemned the heroic treatments of medical practitioners, and claimed that their medicines were harmful. Along with their health regimens which stressed knowledge of oneself, proper diet, pure air and water, and exercise, health reformers were prominent in the various reform movements of the day, such as dress reform, communitarianism, women's rights, abolition of slavery, and spiritualism. -- Just as health reformers attacked allopathic medicine, so regular doctors denigrated health reform as unscientific. Yet physicians knew that their own therapeutic abilities were limited. As a result they co-opted the health reform regimens claiming them for their own, and at the same time they ignored the ideology that was central to the alternative ideology. The work of the reformers was based on their belief in a tripartite equilibrium of physical, mental, and social health. They felt that the condition of the human body was symbolic of the state of society. They felt that if just one person could gain physical health, then that would benefit social health. This belief in an equilibrium was representative of an emergent middle-class in Victorian North America. Unfortunately for health reformers, by the turn of the century their ideas had been either denigrated or co-opted by the allopathic opposition; their ideology had become meaningless in the face of early 20th century capitalism; and their contributions to health and society forgotten.


identifier: Liu, Lin <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Liu=3ALin=3A=3A.html>   (2001) Simultaneous statistical inference for monotone dose-response means.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Statistical inference under order restrictions is an important field in statistical science and has been studied and practiced widely. The utilization of the assumption of monotonicity increases the efficiency of statistical inference procedures. This can be found in the literature such as Ayer, Brunk, Ewing, Reid and Silverman (1955), Robertson and Wright (1974), Barlow and Ub- haya (1971), Lee (1981), Kelly (1989), Korn (1982), Schoenfeld (1986), Hayter (1990) and Lee (1996). In Chapter 2, we review some fundamental theories about the order restricted statistical inference including isotonic regression and test of a simply ordered hypothesis. -- In Chapter 3, we study a max-min interval procedure, a modification of Tukey's studentized range technique, to construct simultaneous confidence intervals for pairwise comparisons of response means by utilizing the prior knowledge of the monotonicity of the means. The improvement of the proposed max-min interval procedure is substantial. -- The one-sided simultaneous confidence lower bound is studied in Chapter 4. We investigate the incomplete optimization problem of maximizing simultaneous lower bounds for nonnegative contrasts considered by Marcus (1978). Significant improvements over Marcus' (1978) results, including a necessary and sufficient condition for the optimal solution and an efficient computation algorithm to compute the optimal lower bounds, are made. -- In Chapter 5, we introduce a one-sided multiple comparison test (OMCT) for testing the homogeneity of the means against the simple order alternative. It gives sharper one-sided simultaneous confidence lower bounds. This OMCT approach compares favorably with Hayter's (1990) and Marcus' (1978) approaches and it may be comparable to the least significant difference approach. -- The simultaneous statistical inference for response means with a control is considered in Chapter 6. An orthant test statistic is introduced. With the prior knowledge that the response means are monotone, a more efficient simultaneous confidence lower bound can be inverted from this test to detect the difference between response means and the control mean. An algorithm to compute the optimal lower bound is included. -- In Chapter 7, we demonstrate that the stepwise test procedure based on likelihood ratio test is a more efficient test procedure for detecting the minimum efficient dose in dose-response studies.


identifier: Zou, Bin <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Zou=3ABin=3A=3A.html>   (1996) Ships in ice : the interaction process and principles of design.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: For ships operating in arctic and sub-arctic waters, ice load is a major threat. Due to the uncertainties in ice conditions and varying operating situations, an accurate estimation on design ice load is difficult.  The objective of the present research is to investigate the ice loads and the associated structural strength from aspects of mechanics, statistics and design principles. -- First, the ice-structure interaction process is investigated from the view point of mechanics.  The interaction is characterized by ice fracture and damage.  The ice load is highly localized within high pressure regions termed critical zones.  A numerical analysis was carried out to investigate how a crack may propagate in an ice sheet and how the ice material is damaged during an ice-structure interaction.  The analysis showed that small shear cracks, with mixed modes, are more likely the candidates for the fracture spalls and the formation of critical zones. -- Critical zones vary in space and time.  These critical zones are characterized using parameters such as spatial density, zonal area, and the zonal force.  These parameters in the model were calibrated using ship trial data of CCGS Louis St. Laurent.  The ice loads on a design area were modelled as a random number of critical zones, each with a random force.  Based on this model and extreme value theory, a design curve was proposed for the estimation of extreme ice loads. -- Third, the strength of the structure was investigated.  A long plate, loaded by uniform pressure was proposed as the design model for the plating.  Due to the randomness of ice load, there are uncertainties associated with the design model.  To understand this uncertainty, various load scenarios were investigated using the finite element method.  The results show that the plate fails at a dominant section, which fails in a way similar to an "equivalent long plate".  Factors affecting the failure of the panel are lateral support and interaction between critical zones.  These factors were investigated and empirical formula were derived based on finite element modelling. -- A simplified model was proposed to investigate the failure of the "equivalent long plate".  This model was used, together with factors of lateral support, location and interactions between critical zones from empirical formula, in Monte Carlo simulation scheme to model the uncertainty of the design model of the structure.  The simulated results of the uncertainty factor were approximated by a lognormal distribution. -- Finally, the results from the analysis on the ice loads and the structural resistance were used in discussion of the design principles. Two design methods, i.e., reliability design and code design methods, were discussed.  Principles in selecting design load and resistance were discussed.  These principles were applied in an example design of an offshore oil tanker.  Reliability of the plates from different design strategies were evaluated.  It was found that, for ultimate rupture, a yearly maximum with a probability of exceedance of 10⁻⁴ is appropriate as the design load.


identifier: Inglis, Stephanie Heather <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Inglis=3AStephanie_Heather=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Speaker's experience : a study of Mi'kmaq modality.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis examines the grammaticalization of epistemic modality in AI verbs in Mi'kmaq. The focus of the thesis is on an investigation of the productive use in Mi'kmaq of a system of evidential markers. The data ensuing from the research was analyzed from a typological viewpoint using a comparative functional-cognitive approach, not just with related languages, but with general tendencies concerning modality as found in the majority of the languages of the world. -- The thesis attempts to demonstrate that the Mi'kmaq language has a complex system of modality which works at two levels: primary modality which functions through the use of full and reduced stems to reference an event as either realis or irrealis respectively and secondary modality which functions through the use of various evidential suffixes to represent the speaker's experience. The general premise of the thesis is that Mi'kmaq is a modality prominent language which contains no system of grammaticalized tense.


identifier: Caul, Barbara <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Caul=3ABarbara=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Site-based management and school councils : history and impact on education.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Over the past two decades, there has been a growing concern in many western industrialised countries over the failure of schools to provide students with the quality of education needed to compete in today's global workforce. Responding to these concerns, many educational policy makers initiated reform in the hopes of improving educational outcomes. In the early 1980s, most educational reform efforts focused on increasing central bureaucratic control of education. Research showed that these early reform efforts were not very successful. In order to be productive, researchers advocated that educational reform efforts must focus less on stricter bureaucratic control, and more on giving control to the individual school site. In the mid- to-late 1980s, decentralization of school systems became a popular reform strategy. One such form of decentralization is the implementation of site-based management (SBM). SBM is a process which gives teachers, parents, community representatives and students more control in managing their local schools. The structure that SBM usually takes is that of a local governing, decision making or advisory committee, commonly referred to as a school council. -- The first paper of this folio focuses on the history of school councils in Atlantic Canada. Each of the four Atlantic provinces has their own unique justifications for adopting school councils and SBM as an educational reform strategy, but there are common factors which seem to have influenced their decisions. All four provinces heavily relied on research conducted elsewhere which supported SBM and school councils as an effective reform strategy. These provinces also responded to the public's general dissatisfaction with educational outcomes, and to parental and public pressure for more voice in education. It is too early to tell if their decision to adopt this reform strategy was the right one. -- The second paper of this folio discusses the impacts, both positive and negative, that SBM and school councils have on education in general. The literature in this area is ambiguous, and the research mixed. In general, research has not shown that parental and community involvement in a decision making capacity; Le., through school councils, has had a positive effect on student achievement. Research does support, however, using school councils as a means for promoting other types and levels of parental and community involvement, which could have positive effects on student achievement. -- Many researchers blame the ineffectiveness of SBM and school councils on poor implementation procedures and / or lack of support for their proper maintenance. Policy makers have been criticized for setting up structures which have the potential to be quite effective, and then not committing to providing the necessary time or support needed to sustain them. Critics question the real purpose of SBM and school councils, suggesting that this reform strategy was chosen simply as a cost efficient and popular response to public pressure for reform. -- The third paper of this folio discusses the impact that SBM and school councils have on the role of the principal. This reform strategy alters the context of schooling significantly. Schools have become more democratic, with more and more people becoming involved in their management. The traditional control oriented leadership style of the principal is not congruent, nor effective in this new environment. Principals need to adopt a more democratic, facilitative, collaborative style of leadership if they wish to be effective leaders of site-based managed schools.


identifier: Verma, Kumar Krishna <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Verma=3AKumar_Krishna=3A=3A.html>   (1977) Electronic emission spectra of diatomic free radicals SeO and SbO.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Experimental studies of several electronic transitions of the SeO free radical in the spectral region 2000 - 18 OOO A and of one electronic transition of the SbO free radical in the region 3240 - 4720 A have been made. -- The 0 - 0 bands at 10 296 and 10 491 A of the near-infrared band system b - X of SeO have been photographed at high resolution and their rotational structures have been analyzed.  The analysis shows that the bands represent the transition b0⁺ - XO⁺,1 (X being the case (c) ³E- ground state of SeO.  Rotational constants of substates X₁0⁺, X₂1⁻ and X₂1⁺ of the ground state and that of state b0⁺ have been derived.  The observed isotope shifts of the rotational lines of ⁷⁸SeO from those of ⁸⁰SeO are in good agreement with the calculated values.  Franck-Condon factors and r-centroids are reported for the b - X system. -- Three electronic band systems of SeO in the spectral regions, around 18 000 A, 6730 - 8570 A and 2690 – 3190 A have been observed for the first time at medium resolution.  Vibrational constants for the upper and lower states of these transitions, whenever possible, have been derived.  Vibrational analyses of these systems suggest that these arise from the transitions a2 - X₂1; A0,1,2 - X0⁺ ,1 and C2,1,0 – X0⁺ ,1, respectively.  Approximate rotational constant B₀ for state a or A is estimated from the separations of the observed R and O heads or P and O heads.  The vibrational structure of two known brief band systems of SeO in the region 2070 - 2270 A have been reanalyzed and the molecular constants derived.  From the analysis, the transitions are labelled F – a¹ ∆ (2150 - 2270 A) and G – a¹∆ (2070 - 2130 A).  Klein-Dunham potential energy curves are constructed for the X₁d0⁺, b0⁺, A₁0 states as well as the previously known B₁0⁺ state of SeO. -- The 0 – 0 and 1 - 0 bands of the B²∑⁺ - X²π₃/₂ subsystem of SbO have been photographed under high resolution and the rotational constants derived.


identifier: Hipfner, J. Mark <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Hipfner=3AJ=2E_Mark=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Egg production in the thick-billed murre (Uria lomvia) and razorbill (Alca torda) - a life-history perspective.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: A key tenet of life-history theory is that costs of reproduction lead to physiological and evolutionary trade-offs among fitness components. Although avian egg production was a key topic in the development of life-history theory, the significance of egg production costs within the life histories of birds remains poorly understood. Two aspects of egg production that have received considerable attention are variation among females in their capacity to renest following clutch loss, and variation in the size of egg they lay. I examined these aspects of egg production in two pelagic seabirds, Thick- billed Murres Uria lomvia and Razorbills Alca torda. It is generally thought that egg production costs are relatively low in pelagic seabirds that lay single-egg clutches, but age- and date-specific patterns in renesting capacity and egg size suggest that significant constraints on egg production operate in these birds. -- The proportion of Thick-billed Murres that renests following egg loss declines with the date of loss. However, early-laying females that had their eggs removed continued to renest until late in the laying period. First and replacement eggs were similar in crude composition, but replacement eggs had low protein content. Despite this, replacement eggs were no less likely to hatch than were first eggs, and chicks from replacement eggs were no less likely to survive to nest departure, and to recruitment age (4-5 years). I conclude that variation in the egg-production capacity of females that lose their eggs early and late (probably age/experience effects) drives the seasonal declines in renesting rates. Capable females will relay until late in the laying period because, for these birds, the potential fitness payoff from a replacement egg is similar to that from a first egg. It remains to be determined whether there are survival costs associated with the production of replacement eggs for female Thick-billed Murres. -- Thick-billed Murre eggs vary considerably in size, and egg size affects offspring performance: chicks from large eggs have their wing feathers grow more quickly than do those from small eggs. One hypothesis often invoked to explain the existence of variation in egg size in the face of expected directional selection for large eggs is that the optimal egg size varies with environmental conditions; this hypothesis predicts that benefits of hatching from a large egg will be magnified when feeding conditions are unfavourable. I tested this by comparing between colonies that experience favourable (Coats Island) and unfavourable (Digges Island) conditions, using an experimental egg-switching protocol. Contrary to prediction, the effect of egg size on wing feather growth was no greater at Digges Island than at Coats Island. -- This effect of egg size on wing-feather growthhas not been detected in other birds, suggesting that it might reflect adaptations to the unique intermediate developmental strategy employed by murres and Razorbills. To test this hypothesis, I examined the effect of egg size on post-hatching development in the Razorbill using the same egg-switching protocol. Results clearly supported the hypothesis: as in Thick-billed Murres, large-egg Razorbills experienced enhanced early wing-feather growth. There are a number of adaptations in the development of intermediate alcids that might explain why this egg-size effect is readily detectable in these birds. As there was no evidence for a trade-off between egg size and provisioning in either Thick-billed Murres or Razorbills, the existence of considerable female-specific variation in egg size remains unexplained.


identifier: Clase, Michael Vesa <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Clase=3AMichael_Vesa=3A=3A.html>   (1993) Semigroup graded rings.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

title: Semigroup graded rings

abstract: Let S be a semigroup. A ring R with a direct sum decomposition R = ⊕ Rs such that RsRt ⊆ Rst for elements s and t in S is called a semigroup graded ring. -- In this thesis, we develop techniques for studying such rings based on the structure theory of semigroups.  We apply these techniques to investigate various ring theoretic properties of semigroup graded rings. -- In many cases, we relate a property of R to the components Re indexed by idempotent elements e of the grading semigroup S.  If S is finite, then R is perfect, semilocal, or semiprimary if and only if the same is true of each such component Re.  We prove that the nilpotency of the Jacobson radical of each Re is sufficient for the nilpotency of the Jacobson radical of R for rings graded by finite semigroups, and obtain a similar condition for the Jacobson radical to be locally nilpotent for rings graded by locally finite semigroups.  We also show that R is a Jacobson ring if each Re is a Jacobson ring and S is finite. -- We show that cancellativity is a necessary condition on a semigroup S in order that the Jacobson radical of each S-graded ring be homogeneous.  With certain restrictions on the graded ring, we completely classify commutative semigroups and regular semigroups for which the Jacobson radical of each S-graded ring is homogeneous. -- A result of Zelmanov that only finite semigroups admit right Artinian semigroup algebras is generalised to show that, under certain conditions, a right Artinian semigroup graded ring necessarily has finite support. -- We find necessary and sufficient conditions for rings graded by elementary Rees matrix semigroups to be semisimple Artinian.  These rings are one of the essential pieces in the structure theory of graded rings that we develop herein. --Results on nilpotence and perfectness are generalised to semigroup graded rings with finite support.


identifier: Fan, Chunxia <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Fan=3AChunxia=3A=3A.html>   (1994) A Brillouin gain spectrometer and its evaluation by the study of some liquids.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The construction and testing of a Brillouin gain spectrometer is discussed. The spectrometer employs a high power (150 mW) tunable dye laser and a low power (1.7 mW) stabilized HeNe laser in a pump-probe arrangement Because of the small signal gain (1 x 10⁻⁵), several noise reduction schemes were used to enhance the signal to noise ratio. The spectrometer was evaluated by studying the strongly scattering liquid CS₂ and the weakly scattering liquid CC1₄. Brillouin shifts and linewidths were accurately determined for both liquids. The high resolution of this instrument permitted measurement of the small asymmetry in the measured lineshapes. In CC1₄ we were able to observe the so-called Mountain mode and to confirm that CC1₄ can be modeled as a liquid exhibiting a single relaxation time.


identifier: Fagan, Michael John <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Fagan=3AMichael_John=3A=3A.html>   (1974) Vocational indecision among high school students in Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: A smooth and efficient transfer of young people between school and work seems to be of vital importance to our society. However, an almost anomalous situation seems to exist: Breton and McDonald (1967) report that 33.7 percent of the boys and 19.7 percent of the girls in Grade Eleven in Newfoundland had not made a career choice. -- This study attempted to bring together some of the correlates of vocational indecision and incorporate them into a theoretically meaningful causal scheme. The procedure used in the quantification of the causal model is a generalization of multiple linear regression known as path analysis. The sample consisted of the some 1,600 Grade Eleven students who were part of the Career Decisions Project carried out by Breton and McDonald in 1965-66. -- While this study explained only a small proportion of the variance in vocational indecision, it did result in some elucidation of the complex process of vocational decision-making as it applies to the youth of Newfoundland.