identifier: Mulye, Hemendra Shankar <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Mulye=3AHemendra_Shankar=3A=3A.html>   (1992) Studies on the efficacy of selected juvenile hormone analogs and their effects on the metabolism of the eastern spruce budworm Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens) (Lepidoptera- Tortricidae).  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The efficacy of seven juvenile hormone analogs (JHAs) in disrupting metamorphosis of the eastern spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana Clemens (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), was determined by applying the JHAs topically to early sixth-instar larvae and monitoring the subsequent development. Fenoxycarb was the most effective juvenile hormone analog, with an LD₅₀ of 0.26 μg per insect. Relative lethal effectiveness, based on LD₅₀ values, was fenoxycarb > ZR 9892 > ZR 8487 > S-71639 > methoprene > ZR 9582 > ZR 10151. All of the JHAs, except ZR 10151, caused a wide array of morphogenetic deformities such as formation of larval-pupal intermediates, with precocious evagination of the imaginal wing disks, production of deformed pupae with hemolymph-filled blisters, supernumerary molting, mummified larval-pupal intermediates, and inhibition of molting. -- At a sublethal dose, fenoxycarb and methoprene caused a general disruption in the metabolism of C. fumiferana. As shown by altered levels of carbohydrate, protein, and lipid in the hemolymph and fat bodies. Lipid levels in the hemolymph and fat bodies were severely depleted in fenoxycarb treated insects. -- The predominant class of neutral lipid in the hemolymph was diacylglycerol, and in the fat body triacylglycerol. The fatty acid complement of the hemolymph and fat body lipids was represented by several saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. These qualitative profiles were unaffected by fenoxycarb treatment. -- The capacity of fat bodies from fenoxycarb treated larvae to synthesize lipids in vitro was impaired. The effect of fenoxycarb treatment on lipid synthesis appears to be at least partially direct, since addition of fenoxycarb to the incubation medium of fat bodies from untreated larvae resulted in reduced lipid synthesis. It was found that impairment occurred both in the pathway leading to fatty acid synthesis, and the subsequent pathway leading to complex lipid synthesis, as shown by reduced incorporation of radiolabelled precursors into lipid, as well as diminished capacity of the fat body nytosolic enzymes to synthesize fatty acids in vitro. -- Fenoxycarb treatment also altered the types of complex lipids synthesized from labelled acetate, but not in the types of complex lipids synthesized from labelled palmitate, suggesting that the JHA affected the initial step of lipid synthesis, i.e. fatty acid biosynthesis. The ability of fat bodies from fenoxycarb treated budworms to oxidize preformed fatty acids jln vitro, via the β-oxidation pathway, was significantly impaired in the early (24 hours post treatment) sixth instar C. fumiferana larvae. -- These studies demonstrate that lipid metabolism was severely perturbed in C. fumiferana as a result of fenoxycarb treatment.


identifier: Huang, Huan <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Huang=3AHuan=3A=3A.html>   (1998) Studies on the electrochemistry and applications of conducting polymers.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

type: Thesis NonPeerReviewed

format: application/pdf application/pdf

abstract: This thesis reports a study on electrochemistry and applications of some thiophene-based conducting polymers, which include polythiophene (poly-Th), polybithiophene (poly-BTh), polyterthiophene (poly-TTh), poly(4-dicyanomethylene-4H-cyclopenta[2, 1-b: 3, 4-b’]dithiophene) ( poly-CDM), O₂-modified poly-CDM, poly(3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (poly-EDOT), poly-(CDM-co-EDOT), and poly[3-(p-fluorophenyl)thiophene] (poly-PFPT). -- Chapters 3, 4 and 6 focus on electrochemical and spectroscopic measurements of the band-gaps of the starting monomers and oligomers, and their polymers.  As expected, increasing the number of thiophene units in the oligomer decreases the band-gap.  There is a linear relationship between the band-gap and the inverse of the number of thiophene units in the oligomer, from which, a band-gap of ca. 1.9 eV is predicted for a perfect polymer.  The band-gap of the polymers, however, decreases with increasing chain length of the starting oligomers, with the average effective conjugation length for poly-Th, poly-BTh, and poly-TTh found to be 16, 9 and 8 respectively. -- Poly-CDM has a significantly reduced band-gap because of the strong electron-withdrawing group, dicyanoethene, which decreases the LUMO energy level substantially.  The small change of the electronic absorption upon n-doping reveals that n-type charge carriers to not delocalize well along the thiophene backbone.  In situ conductivity measurements yielded maximum p- and n-type conductivities of 0.59 and 5.4x10⁻³ S cm⁻¹ respectively, and an intrinsic conductivity of 1.0x10⁻⁸ S cm⁻¹, in agreement with the band-gap of 0.8 eV. -- Reaction of n-doped poly-CDM with O₂ was found to produce a modified form of the polymer with a tunable and extremely low band-gap.  The maximum p- and n-type conductivities both decrease upon reaction with O₂, but the minimum conductivity increases remarkably by several orders of magnitude.  An intrinsic conductivity of 1.3x10⁻⁶ S cm⁻¹ measured for an O₂-modified polymer corresponds to a band-gap as low as 0.22 eV.  It is proposed that this reduced band-gap is due to substitution of the polymer in the β positions with hydroxyl groups. -- Due to the strong electron-donating effect of dioxyethylene, poly-EDOT has a much lower oxidation potential compared to poly-Th.  Poly-EDOT can be heavily p-doped and exhibits excellent cycling stability for p-doping.  Maximum conductivities for p- and n-doping were obtained to be 0.60 and 5.7x10⁻³ S cm⁻¹, respectively. -- Compared to Th, CDM has a lower LUMO energy level, and EDOT has a higher HOMO energy level.  Thus copolymerization of these two monomers has successfully produced copolymers with very low band-gaps and high intrinsic conductivities.  A copolymer synthesized at 1.32 V had a band-gap of 0.19 eV and an intrinsic conductivity of 0.69 mS cm⁻¹.  Strong evidence from voltammetric studies and Raman spectra supports the contention that poly-(CDM-co-EDOT) is a true copolymer. -- Poly-PFPT is used as the electrode active material for supercapacitors.  For the polymer synthesized using constant current, after 1000 deep charge/discharge cycles p-type stability is close to or over 80%.  This is much better than the n-type stability, for which the best figure is 47% after 1000 cycles.  In order to improve the n-type stability, cyclic voltammetry mode has been employed as the synthesis method.  Test results show that n-type stability has been improved to as high as 67%.


identifier: Chard Kean, Loretta <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Chard_Kean=3ALoretta=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Study of ambulatory physician utilization in St. John's, Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The primary objective of this research was to study the demographic and socioeconomic factors thought to influence the type and level of ambulatory visits by individuals 20 years and older residing in St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.  The data were derived from the Newfoundland Panel on Health and Medical Care, a provincial study involving some 12,000 residents from which a sub-sample of 2861 adults residing in St. John's was analysed.  The study combined a cross sectional survey with a longitudinal panel for physician utilization during 1992-95. -- A descriptive analysis of demographic variables (gender, age), socio-economic variables (education, income), and health status variables (self assessed health status and a number of chronic conditions) was conducted.  Multivariate analysis was used to clarify the complex association between the selected variables and ambulatory physician utilization.  Binary logistic regression techniques were first undertaken to predict the number of visits to both general practitioners and to specialists, and finally ordinal logistic regression was used to determine appropriate models for predicting the number of visits to general practitioners and specialists. -- Study results were consistent with findings in similar studies.  Females are almost twice as likely to have a high number of visits to general practitioners than males, utilization increases with age, individuals with low socio-economic status (SES) scores, poor health status, and more than one chronic condition visited general practitioners more frequently. Although such patterns of utilization were found to be similar to those of specialists, some differences were noted.  The study concludes that age, gender, income, education, health status, and the presence of chronic conditions were deemed to be good predictors of ambulatory physician utilization in the St. John's Institutional Board Region during the three year study period.


identifier: Pritchett, Blair <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Pritchett=3ABlair=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Mutagenic and genotoxic potential of nitrated polyaromatic hydrocarbons in combustion byproduct mixtures.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The combustion of hydrocarbon fuels generates a considerable amount of reaction byproducts, some of which are mutagenic and DNA-reactive nitro-polyaromatic hydrocarbons. This mutagenic action is generally indirect, such that the compounds require metabolic activation for the exertion of their toxic effect. -- Used motor oil extracts prove more mutagenic than crude oil extracts in the Ames Salmonella assay for mutagenicity. This mutagenic effect is enhanced by the presence of a rat liver microsomal and cytosoiic protein preparation, as well as by the use of a bacterial strain enriched in O -acetylase activity. The mutagenic response is diminished in a bacterial strain that is deficient in bacterial nitroreductase. These data implicate nitrocompounds as principal agents in the overall mutagenicity of crankcase oil extracts. -- Crankcase oil extracts prove to be good substrates for nitroreductase enzyme activity in vitro. The effectiveness as a substrate of nitroreductase enzyme(s) also seems to correlate with the mutagenicity as measured in the Ames Salmonella assay. The measured nitroreductase activity exhibits no appreciable difference when NADH or NADPH is used as the reaction cofector. -- The activity cf nitroreductase enzymes can produce reactive oxygen species such as hydroxyl radicals (OH), which can generate single strand nicks in DNA This effect can be initiated by the metabolism of nitrated polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons by mammalian liver enzymes. 1-nitropyrene and crankcase oil extracts are shown here to be capable of producing such nicks in the DNA of the plasmid pBR322.


identifier: Corbett, Allan Francis <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Corbett=3AAllan_Francis=3A=3A.html>   (1997) Not so good, not so bad : an ethnographic study of the lives of former residents of Exon House following deinstitutionalization.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Deinstitutionalization has been a policy of governments throughout North America for many years.  The policies were supported by advocacy groups and by persons who lived in the institutions.  The government of Newfoundland closed two institutions, Children's Home in 1983 and Exon House in 1988.  The research in this thesis was conducted in an ethnographic model using semi-structured interviews with thirteen former Exon House residents.  An important aspect of this research was to allow the voices of the former residents to tell the stories of their lives following deinstitutionalization in Newfoundland.  Because normalization was an important driving principle behind deinstitutionalization, it was utilized to aid in the analysis of the data collected.  Four major areas were explored, social linkages, personal autonomy, personal satisfaction and self-concept.  The findings from the research indicate that the former residents had few friends that were not in paid relationships, they were not satisfied with family relations, there were limited efforts to teach activities that would enhance autonomy, few worked and many had a strong sense of who they were.  The analysis of the data strongly suggests a re-focusing of efforts toward the goals of normalization.


identifier: Chubbs, Dawn O. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Chubbs=3ADawn_O=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Nurses' perceptions of the impact of health care reforms, psychological contract violation, restructuring and general job satisfaction, organization commitment, and intent to stay.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: A descriptive, correlational design was used to explore nurses1 perceptions of the impact of health care reforms and work-related attitudes and behavioural intentions four years following the implementation of major restructuring initiatives in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador. The relationships between and among key study variables (i.e., personal characteristics, perceived impact of health care reforms, work-related attitudes, and behavioural intentions) were also examined. A modified version of the integrated causal model. The Conceptual Model of Behavioural Intentions (CMBI), constituted the basic framework for this research study. -- The study sample consisted of 181 registered nurses employed in direct care, administration, and/or education from all health care regions of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador from 1995 to 1999. Data were collected over a five-week period, from June to July 1999, using a mailed-out questionnaire. -- Study findings indicated that nurses were generally more negative than positive about the impact of health care reforms. In comparison to baseline data collected prior to managerial restructuring and downsizing (i.e., in 1995), there was a significant worsening of nurses' attitudes toward the impact of reforms. Respondents were most negative about quality of care, emotional climate, and standards of care. Study findings also demonstrated that respondents were neither totally satisfied nor dissatisfied with most aspects of restructuring, had a slightly low or neutral level of commitment to their organizations, felt that implied psychological contracts with the organization had been violated, and were uncertain about whether they would stay with their current employer. -- Partial support for the major assumptions of the CMBI was provided through the study findings. All of the reform variables (i.e., importance of reforms, emotional climate, practice-related issues, quality of care, safety concerns, and standards of care) were significantly and positively related to the intervening attitudes (i.e., psychological contract violation, restructuring satisfaction, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment) and behavioural intentions (i.e., intent to stay). As well, all of the intervening attitudes depicted moderate to strong, positive correlations with each other and with behavioural intentions. While none of the personal characteristics influenced the intervening attitudes, geographic region of workplace and level of education were found to influence behavioural intentions. -- Study findings failed to support the causal, linear process proposed by the CMBI, where organizational commitment is represented as a key predictor of behavioural intentions. Regression analysis supported general job satisfaction as the key predictor of behavioural intentions. Further, the work-related variable of standards of care emerged as a better predictor of behavioural intentions than intervening variables (i.e., restructuring satisfaction and organizational commitment). These two variables combined to explain 28% of the variance in behavioural intentions (i.e., intent to stay). -- The findings of this study suggest that nurses working within the Newfoundland and Labrador health care system four years after the implementation of major health care reforms are experiencing high levels of dissatisfaction and frustration with conditions in their work environment. While these findings support the work of previous researchers, the generaiizability of results to other nursing populations is limited. Further research is needed to explore how other factors in the changing work environment are impacting nurses' work-related attitudes and behavioural intentions.


identifier: Perry, Jill Samfya <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Perry=3AJill_Samfya=3A=3A.html>   (1997) Nursing for the Grenfell Mission : maternalism and moral reform in Northern Newfoundland and Labrador, 1894-1938.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: From 1894 onwards, the Grenfell Mission was a powerful, foreign influence in northern Newfoundland and Labrador. In spite of its vast army of volunteers and staff members, historians have been overwhelmingly concerned with the activities of Wilfred Grenfell, the Mission's founder. But in the Mission behind the man, it was women who did the majority of the day-to-day work. Within this female workforce, nurses were a key component. Nurses were central to the Mission's operations on two levels. First, they performed a wide range of duties, both medical and non-medical, which kept the Mission running smoothly. Second they were strategically central to the Mission's objectives of improving the local people. In accordance with maternalist rationales of the early twentieth century, the official Grenfell discourse deemed nurses ideally suited to moral reform work because it was felt that essential female virtues like sympathy, selflessness, and domesticity had been moulded into a model of bourgeois femininity by their professional training. As the female embodiment of a superior culture, nurses were supposed to reform the local people according to the Mission's Anglo-Saxon, middle-class vision of how life should be. -- When the maternalist rationale for nurses' importance is measured against an examination of the daily realities of Grenfell nursing, a tripartite gap emerges between discourse and real life. First, the conservative gender ideology obscured the fact that Grenfell nursing was, fundamentally, an exceptional female work experience. In shouldering a wide range of duties at isolated Mission stations, Grenfell nurses enjoyed high levels of independence, authority, and adventure. Second, by portraying nurses as smiling angels-of-mercy, the official discourse denied both the unpleasant realities of that experience, as well as individual deviation from the ideal. Grenfell nursing was, first and foremost, hard work; female independence was ultimately circumscribed by a male-dominated Mission hierarchy; and Grenfell nurses were not always respectful of Mission policies nor doctors. Third, by portraying nurses as timely heroines, the official discourse shrouded the less admirable aspects of their work. In keeping with their own cultural influences, nurses' reform efforts were often marred by a distinct lack of respect for the local people and their way of life. Rooted in middle-class assumptions about "proper" lifestyle, nurses' reform initiatives were often elitist and, through their focus on local women, highly gendered. A full examination of Grenfell nursing must balance the admirable quality of nurses' work against the problematic aspects of that opportunity.


identifier: Varghese, Suja <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Varghese=3ASuja=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Nutrition related knowledge, attitudes, practices and needs of Indian immigrants and family members in Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study was a comprehensive nutrition related needs assessment of Indian immigrants and family members in Newfoundland. It was also designed to answer questions such as whether this ethnic group had acculturated to Canadian food habits and whether their dietary practices were influenced by their knowledge, attitudes and demographic characteristics. A cross sectional survey utilizing a self administered mailed questionnaire was conducted. A random sample of 132 subjects, both males and females, aged 10-65+ took part in the study. -- It was found that the respondents were fairly knowledgeable about healthy eating guidelines in Canada. Regarding attitudes toward food selection, they were frugal, non-food explorative, but sociable/ hospitable with a strong concern for social status. They valued nutrition as fundamental to good health. The food consumption pattern revealed that they were somewhat acculturated to Canadian food habits. Although the overall likelihood of following healthy life style practices was good, consumption of grains and vegetables /fruits was not at par with the recommendations of Canada's Food Guide. It was observed that healthy lifestyle practices were more consistently associated with the attitude to 'nutrition is important' rather than with nutrition related knowledge. The demographic characteristics revealed that this ethnic group was highly educated with higher than average income, well established in Newfoundland and had few language problems. In spite of these unique characteristics,  the   majority   of respondents   rated  nutrition   services   available  in Newfoundland as culturally inappropriate. The desire to know more about the nutritional quality of their traditional diet, provision of ethnic foods regularly in hospitals and availability of ethnically tailored nutrition education materials were some of the expressed needs of this ethnic group. -- The findings of this study reinforce the need for more culturally appropriate nutrition services in Newfoundland hospitals and communities. The finding that knowledge was not sufficient in inducing healthy eating practices calls for new strategies for dietary modifications. Because of the unique characteristics of this study population, results are not generalizable to other immigrants in Newfoundland or to Indian immigrants in other parts of Canada. More studies on other immigrants are needed to understand the impact of culture on nutrition related issues.


identifier: Roebothan, Barbara <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Roebothan=3ABarbara=3A=3A.html>   (1991) Nutritional status and immune function in an elderly population.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: It has been suggested that nutrition and immunology are integrally related. It has also been suggested that many of the elderly have both a depressed immune response and a poor nutritional status. We proposed to improve the immune response of some nutritionally deficient seniors by improving their nutritional status. -- 205 healthy elderly volunteers were assessed for their nutritional status in regards to protein/calories, zinc, iron, folacin, and vitamin B₁₂. The assessment composed of anthropometric (height, weight, triceps skinfold, subscapular skinfold, and mid upper arm circumference), biochemical (serum albumin, serum prealbumin, and serum zinc), hacmatologic (serum ferritin, serum vitamin B₁₂, serum folacin, haemoglobin, and haematocrit), and clinical examinations. Dietary intake was also recorded. -- 66 (32.2%) of these individuals showed signs of malnutrition. 14 (6.8%) showed signs of multiple deficiency. Deficiencies of all nutrients monitored were found in the subject group. Protein/calorie malnutrition was the most prevalent at 13.2%. Folacin and vitamin B₁₂ deficiencies were the least prevalent, both at 2.4%. The prevalence of malnutrition did not differ with sex or living accommodation (institutionalized versus noninstitutionalized) but did increase significantly with age. -- 42 of the nutritionally deficient were administered the appropriate nutritional supplement for six consecutive months. Of these, 34 showed an improvement in nutritional status. A comparison of delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity, complement C3 levels, and percent of total lymphocytes represented by functional T cells, CD4+ cells, and CD8+ cells was made in these individuals before and after the supplementation period, A significant rise in functional T cells was noted. -- These findings support suggestions by work performed largely on animals and other aged groups of humans that nutrition can have a significant and positive effect on immune function. -- INDEXING KEY WORDS: nutrition;   elderly; cellular immunity


identifier: Small, Contessa <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Small=3AContessa=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Occupational narratives of pulp and paper mill workers in Corner Brook, Newfoundland : a study in occupational folklife.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In this study I present and address the occupational narratives collected from the workers of the Corner Brook Pulp and Paper Mill. Through an analysis of these narratives, I discuss the physical and social issues and challenges which arise in mill work. Through the narration of accident, prank and conflict stories, mill workers not only address issues and vocalize their fears, frustrations, opinions and social expectations, but through the narrative process they also deal with, and sometimes resolve the physical and social problems they encounter on the job. I claim that occupational narratives not only illustrate work techniques, but do so as a means of providing workers with solutions to their occupational problems, such as danger in the workplace and conflict between coworkers and management. In this study, I present occupational narratives as a tool that mill workers use for survival in their work environment. Using occupational folklife concepts and research methods, I provide an extensive representation of Corner Brook Pulp and Paper Mill worker narratives and present a unique look into the occupational lives of industrial workers in an attempt to understand industrial work, its consequences, implications and relationships.


identifier: Lu, Wei-Yang <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Lu=3AWei-Yang=3A=3A.html>   (1996) Oesophageal premotor mechanisms in the rat.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The functional organization and neurotransmitter mechanisms of oesophageal premotor neurons in the subnucleus centralis of the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTSc) were investigated in vivo in the anaesthetized rat and in vitro in a rat brainstem slice preparation. -- Results from neurophysiological and pharmacological investigations indicate that the striated muscle of the oesophagus shows segmentally organized reflex responses to local distension, i.e. the proximal portion produces monophasic peristalsis, whereas the distal portion generates rhythmic peristaltic motility. The afferent limbs of these loops synapse in the NTSc. Organotopically organized projections from the NTSc to the compact formation of the nucleus ambiguus (AMBc) represent the chief internuncial pathway connecting oesophageal reflex interneurons (or premotor neurons) with motoneurons of the efferent limb. -- Neurons in the NTSc receive both excitatory amino acid (EAA)ergic and cholinergic inputs. However, vagal afferents from the oesophagus employ an EAA rather than acetylcholine to convey excitatory input to ipsilateral NTSc premotor neurons. Cholinergic input to the NTSc arises from propriobulbar sources and serves to facilitate oesophageal stage coupling, to promote aboral propagation of peristalsis and to generate slow esophagomotor rhythms. -- Results from in vitro experiments reveal that activation of muscarinic cholinoceplors (mAChRs) in the NTSc region evokes rhythmic synaptic activity in single oesophageal motoneurons in the AMBc, demonstrating that the interneuronal network in the NTSc can generate rhythmic esophagomotor activity in the absence of phasic sensory input. -- When stimulated via N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and/or mAChRs in the presence of tetrodotoxin (TTX), single neurons of the NTSc region generate two distinct rhythmic oscillations that mirror two types of in vivo peristaltic rhythm. These observations support the idea that the oesophageal premotor neurons possess conditional oscillator properties. -- In summary, the present investigations provide strong evidence that the premotor neuronal circuits in the NTSc function as esophagomotor pattern generators. Subject to regulation by EAAergic and cholinergic inputs, these premotor circuits generate segmentally and/or coordinatively organized esophagomotor patterns.


identifier: Laba, Martin <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Laba=3AMartin=3A=3A.html>   (1983) Narrative and talk : a study in the folkloric communication of everyday conversational exchange.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: A view of the strategic use of folklore in everyday life,  and in particular, verbal folklore as it is constituted by its social occasion, implies that it is not merely the presence of a stylized and traditional item of expression that determines the folkloric character of the occasion. If we can speak of an entire situation or event as folkloric it is because folklore is first embedded in, and second determined by the normal flow of verbal exchange. The suggestion is a distinct continuity between a folkloric performance occasioned by conversation and the conversation itself. This, thesis focuses on the nature of this continuity and specifically on the entire conversational event through which narrative is achieved and fashioned. -- The analytical perspective involved and the diversity of issues addressed by this study necessitate a multi-disciplinary approach. While the primary theoretical and methodological framework is folkloristic, other related theories and methods are drawn from communication, cultural anthropology, the ethnography of speaking , the sociology, of conversational interaction, sociology, poetics, and literary and linguistic, stylistics. In this way, various topics and themes are treated: the definition of "conversational narrative”, the analysis of conversation in the "activity of stylization", the  interface between folkloric speech and natural discourse, the stylistic and structural connections between narrative  and  conversation, and the organization of narrative communication. -- In their concern with explicating the formal, performative dimension of folkloric expressions, folklorists have emphasized the differences between folklore and other casual or less formal kinds of communication.  Performance-oriented studies of narrative have dealt with a process of foregrounding whereby a stylized model of communication, the communicative act itself, and the expressive skills of the narrator are all highlighted. This thesis examines the nature of the background, the conversational basis which structures and situates folkloric expression, and the relationship between the formal and informal behaviours that make up conversational exchange.  Conversational narratives are situationally and thematically determined by the manner and subject of discussion and accordingly, particular attention is paid to speech in the informal, casual interactions of everyday life. The speech event (conversation) and the speech act, (narrative) then, are viewed not only as interdependent but interdeterminate. -- The sociology  of conversational interaction has demonstrated that natural conversation depends on the  complicated negotiation of acquired rules based in both immediate circumstances (the context of the speech event) and the larger culture. These rules are structuring or patterning principles which are analyzed as factors that serve to make speech exchange systematic. Similarly, folklore in the form of the conversational narrative is viewed as a patterning principle in conversational interaction and conversation itself is under stood as exerting a modifying influence on style, content and form of personal narrative and personal performance. -- Narrative operates to compose and define our perceptions of reality, and transforms these perceptions into codes for existence, into expressive forms of personal knowledge. This thesis establishes and analyzes the significance and method of this narrative function, and through three case studies and interpretations of contributing theory, develops a concept of, and manner of approach to the folkloric dimension of everyday conversational exchange.


identifier: Khetmalas, Madhukar B. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Khetmalas=3AMadhukar_B=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1996) Oleosomes in some nitrogen-fixing root nodules.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The high energy-demanding process of nitrogen fixation in symbiotic root nodules is generally supported by a supply of carbon compounds derived from current photosynthate of the host plant. However, in Arachis hypogaea L (peanut) nodules, which have oleosomes (lipid bodies) in the infected cells, the lipid catabolism may supplement the energy supply in case of photosynthate stress. The present investigation was undertaken to further study oleosomic metabolism in Arachis hypogaea and four other legumes: A. pintoi L., A. duranensis L., A. batizocoi L. and Lathyrus maritimus L. (Bigel) (beach pea) nodules where oleosomes are present. -- The oleosomes of A. hypogaea root nodules contained diacylglycerol (DAG), triacylglycerol (TAG), phospholipids (PL) and oleosins. The oleosomes varied in size, electron density and in the width of a less electron-dense peripheral layer. Four oleosin bands having molecular weights 66.0 KD, 61.1 KD, 56.3 KD and 10.0 KD could be resolved by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. -- The development of symbiosis and oleosome distribution was studied in three wild species of Arachis i.e. A. pintoi, A. duranensis and A. batizocoi. Oleosomes were present in the infected cells of A. pintoi during the infection process and before establishment of symbiosis. In A. duranensis and A. batizocoi oleosomes persisted during symbiosis in mature nodules. A.pintoi mature nodules were devoid of oleosomes in infected cells, but reappeared during senescence. Another interesting feature in this species was the reversion of spherical bacteroids into rod-forms within the confines of the senescent nodule tissue. -- Studies on the distributional pattern of oleosomes in the root nodules of naturally growing L. maritimus (beach pea) revealed that the pre-winter nodules were filled with large numbers of oleosomes and amyloplasts in uninfected interstitial and parenchyma cells. These storage organelles could not be seen in the cells of nodule sampled during post- winter periods before aerial shoots emerged. The results indicate that either the oleosomes are catabolized slowly during the winter months, to allow the nodules to survive the extreme cold temperatures or they are rapidly mobilized just before the growing season. The olesomes in beach pea nodules seem to serve as storage organelles in the uninfected and parenchyma cells and not directly related to nitrogen fixation per se. The overwintered nodules are capable of resuming nitrogen fixation due to the presence of persistent infection threads with rhiozobia and many rod-shaped Rhizobium among the senescent infected cells.


identifier: Sparkes, Joanne J. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Sparkes=3AJoanne_J=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1999) NCTM's vision of mathematics assessment in the secondary school : issues and challenges.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Most places one treads within the mathematics education arena there is either direct or indirect reference to two National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) documents: Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics and Assessment Standards for School Mathematics. These documents place strong emphasis on mathematics as communication, reasoning, problem solving, and making connections as well as the idea that students learn best in active student-centered classrooms as opposed to more traditional passive settings. Consequently, NCTM advocates a call for change in many components of traditional mathematics teaching, including the manner in which teachers instruct and assess students. -- Folio Paper One summarizes the major recent reform efforts in mathematics education as advocated by NCTM. Sources of current theory, research, and practice are cited that adhere to the philosophical underpinnings of NCTM regarding curriculum reform. The paper examines the evolution of learning theory research as it pertains to mathematics reform efforts and, more specifically, mathematics assessment reform efforts. The paper evolves into an examination of assessment reform including NCTM's Assessment Standards and the proposed shifts in assessment practices. The varied purposes of assessment are also addressed. -- Folio Paper Two describes the necessity, stemming from a constructivist framework of learning, to change both the manner in which teachers elicit evidence of students’ mathematical thinking and the way they use that evidence to monitor students' progress and guide instructional decision making. Emphasis is placed on the idea that expanding the purposes of assessment beyond accountability and assigning grades becomes an asset to all those involved in the assessment process. Various forms of alternate assessment are described and supported with examples of current research and practice. The assessment instruments described include: journal writing, open-ended problems, interviews, formal and informal observations, portfolios, self-assessment, and teacher-made and other tests. The paper concludes by focusing on some of the advantages of multiple forms of assessment. -- Folio Paper Three discusses many of the challenges facing teachers in the area of mathematics assessment: (1) the challenge of teachers removing themselves from some of the comforts they have in their traditional practices; (2) the challenge of teachers becoming comfortable with designing alternate assessment instruments'' and recording and reporting information obtained from their use; (3) the challenge of teachers juggling demands placed on their time; (4) the challenge of teachers meeting external expectations while simultaneously remaining accountable for their actions; (5) the challenge that teachers, like students, are active constructors of their practice and, hence, it will be difficult for them to implement the assessment ideas that NCTM advocates if their vision of mathematics education is distinctly different from that of NCTM; and (6) the challenge of building and sustaining a constructivist classroom environment necessary to support alternate assessment initiatives. All of these challenges are addressed within the context of current theory, research, and practice. Finally, the paper provides a potential developmental agenda for teachers in their efforts at overcoming such challenges.


identifier: Bartlett, Gennita <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Bartlett=3AGennita=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Newspaper design curriculum unit.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

title: Newspaper design curriculum unit

abstract: This project is a curriculum unit based on the theme Le Journal to be used in conjunction with the prescribed texts Tous Ensemble for the high school French program. The project contains various detailed lesson plans and directed learning centres where students will ultimately create their own newspaper in French. Not all lessons or centres need to be completed. The person who implements this unit can choose and adapt selected activities. The unit may also be adapted to the objectives of other grade levels. -- The first chapter discusses the importance of the Core French program in Newfoundland and Labrador. The learning of a second language can be very stimulating in areas of intellectual development and attitudes. This chapter promotes Core French as integral to the general education of students. -- Chapter Two explores the communicative language approach to teaching French as a second language. This approach has as its aim communicative competence and the development of procedures for teaching the four language skills, listening, speaking, reading and writing. The review of this philosophy is the basis on which I have developed this unit. -- The third chapter provides a rationale for using the newspaper as a resource which contributes to a multidimensional curriculum in the second language classroom. -- The final chapter includes the curriculum unit. The unit is divided into several sections including lesson plans and directed activities for stations where students work in groups to create their own newspaper.


identifier: Daly, John <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Daly=3AJohn=3A=3A.html>   (1997) No middle ground : Pennacook-New England relations in the seventeenth century.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Pressures brought about by the European settlement of northeastern North America during the seventeenth century shaped the history of the Pennacook Confederacy which developed in the Merrimac River Valley. Early contacts with Europeans encouraged the formation of the confederacy as Micmac raids, epidemic disease and initial English settlement pushed the survivors of coastal Pawtucket villages and the inland Nashaways to accept the leadership of Passaconaway, sagamore of Pennecooke village. Passaconaway sought peace with the colonists of New England and his policies were continued by his son and successor, Wannalancet.  The period between 1633 and 1675 was relatively stable.  In their three villages of Pennecooke, Wamesit and Nashaway the Pennacooks sought to accommodate themselves to the growing English presence, often by trading furs and accepting Christianity.  In turn the English provided protection from Mohawk aggression. -- After the outbreak of King Philips War in 1675, a peaceful policy became virtually impossible.  The majority of the Pennacooks remained neutral yet suffered repeated insults and attacks by the colonists. Nashaways sided with King Philip and were destroyed by New England. After the war Pennacook survivors repudiated Wannalancet's peaceful policy and gravitated to the leadership of his nephew, Kancamagus.  Kancamagus cultivated relations with the French as a counter-weight to New Englanders, who had become increasing friendly with the Pennacooks1 Mohawk enemies. When England and Prance went to war in 1689, Pennacooks attacked the English settlement at Dover, New Hampshire which was under the jurisdiction of Richard Walderne.  This target was a logical choice because Walderne, a fur trader and militia commander, had been a long-time adversary.  By attacking Dover the Pennacooks committed themselves to a permanent pro-French, anti-English orientation.  The failure of Pennacook efforts to coexist with the English illustrate the impossibility of Indian attempts to preserve their independence and simultaneously accommodate the New England colonies.


identifier: Prasad, Kavuri Siva Rama <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Prasad=3AKavuri_Siva_Rama=3A=3A.html>   (1992) Nonaxisymmetric analysis of porous soil under gravity structures.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Among the wide variety of exploratory, drilling and production structures that are being used, the concept of gravity based structure is well established. These structures directly rest on natural seabed which can be visualized as a two phase porous medium consisting of soil particles and surrounding pore fluid. Though the geometry of these structures and the nature of the loading they encounter are three dimensional, it has been the general practice to idealize these structures as two dimensional in their analysis and design, for practical reasons. This thesis examines the influence of this assumption by comparing the static, transient and dynamic responses of such a foundation for two and three dimensional idealizations. -- The three dimensionality of the problem is idealized by an axisymmetric structure- soil medium subjected to environmental forces which are not axisymmetric, but whose resultant falls in a vertical plane passing through the axis of symmetry. The soil is represented by a two phase porous medium based on Biot's formulation. The governing equations are solved by using finite element technique. In the simplified three dimensional analysis, the non-axisymmetric nature of the loading and field variables is accounted by assuming their variation to be smooth in the circumferential direction (0) and expressing them as Fourier series in terms of 0. Material nonlinearity of the soil skeleton is considered by flow theory of plasticity, but the geometric nonlinearity is neglected. The validity of this approach is assessed by extensive comparisons with cases where analytical solutions are available. Comparisons are also made with more accurate three dimensional numerical solutions as well as with the results published by other researchers. -- Using the finite element program developed for this purpose, several element types and computational schemes suggested in the literature are evaluated for the simple cases and appropriate techniques have been selected for further analysis- A comparison of the results from full three dimensional, two dimensional (plane strain) and simplified three dimensional analyses for the simplest case of an elastic foundation indicated the beneficial aspects of the simplified method with reference to its efficiency and accuracy. A detailed parametric study on the effects of load eccentricity and inclination on the nonlinear response of undrained soil under plane strain conditions has shown that the collapse loads computed are in good agreement with empirical values used by the profession. Further comparisons between two dimensional and simplified method revealed that the three dimensional effects result in stiffer load-deformation response in general. Similar comparisons of the consolidation analysis and dynamic response analyses are also presented. It is concluded that the simplified method is very effective in terms of its accuracy and computational economy at working load level, but its accuracy decreases as collapse is approached.


identifier: Batten, Douglas James <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Batten=3ADouglas_James=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Nonlinear time series modeling of some Canadian river flow data.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In hydrology the ability to model the average daily river flow for rivers plays an important role in the prediction of possible disasters such as flooding. The analysis of data and the accuracy of predictions rely on fitting suitable models to such data. In this practicum we investigate nonlinear time series modeling and In particular we study the theory of two approaches to model such time series. One approach assumes the underlying random structure of the time series is bilinear. The second approach uses wavelet smoothing techniques to decompose the time series into a wavelet smoothed component and a random component. The random component is then modeled by a suitable linear or bilinear process. By investigating the structure of the autocorrelation and third order cumulants, we find that the pure bilinear process is best for the data sets under study. Models were fitted to six time series data sets based on the average daily river flow variable for six rivers in Canada using both approaches. A simulation study was conducted to establish the suitability of the models by comparing its performance to the original time series. The bilinear approach was not favorable in modeling average daily river flow. However, the wavelet methodology illustrated an attractive technique to model such a time series.


identifier: Fara-On, Maria <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Fara-On=3AMaria=3A=3A.html>   (2001) Noradrenergic activation of glycogenolysis in the rat neocortex and hippocampus.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In the central nervous system (CNS) glycogen and its catabolic enzyme glycogen phosphorylase (GP) are localized primarily in glial cells. Little is known about the distribution and localization of this energy source throughout the brain. Neuronally- secreted noradrenaline (NA) is known to activate glycogenolysis by stimulating adrenergic receptors (AR) found on glial ceils, however, many aspects of this metabolic interaction have yet to be elucidated. Using in vivo and in situ techniques, this study aims to map the discrete areas of the brain where high levels of both active (aGP) and available (tGP) glycogen phosphorylase exist, where NA exerts significant glycogenolytic effects and to identify which AR subtypes may be involved in mediating these effects. -- We investigated the effects of noradrenergic agents on glycogenolysis through IP administration of the α2 adrenergic autoreceptor antagonist, idazoxan (5 mg/kg), the α1-AR agonist, phenylephrine (3 mg/kg), or both á1- and β1/ β2-AR antagonists, prazosin (3 mg/kg) and propranolol (5 mg/kg). Drug effects on glycogenolysis were assayed by histochemical assessment of aGP and tGP no longer than 45 minutes following injection of drug or vehicle. Relative optical density (ROD) measures of regions of the neocortex, hippocampus, selected thalamic, diencephalic and striatal sites were taken using computer-assisted densitometric software (MCID). AGP and tGP were found to be distributed differentially throughout the sites investigated. Layer 4 of the neocortex, stratum lacunosum moleculare, medial habenula, reticular nucleus of the thalamus and the globus pallidus all demonstrated particularly high levels of both aGP and tGP under normal conditions. Idazoxan administration was found to induce significant increases in aGP levels in all layers of the upper limb of the primary somatosensory cortex, all layers of CA1, and some layers in CA3 and dentate gyrus, all thalamic nuclei examined and the caudate putamen. Results from our receptor study using specific AR subtype agonists and antagonists were inconclusive, but idazoxan was a much more effective activator than phenylephrine supporting the hypothesis that à, rather than á-ARs, play the primary role in mediating glycogenolysis induced by NA release. In addition the use of an á- and à-AR antagonist cocktail suggested noradrenergic modulation contributes only weakly to basal enzymic activation. The range of glycogenolytic activation/inhibition induced by adrenergic agents appears to be 0-12% of total available GP. -- The distribution of aGP and tGP we have found is consistent with the aGP distribution previously described by Harley and Bielajew (1992). Levels of aGP in the absence of drug manipulation appear to be less than 80% of tGP. Our neocortical results are also consistent with previous data showing significant increases in aGP in the somatosensory cortex following medial forebrain bundle (MFB) stimulation, suggesting an important interaction between sensory processing and noradrenergic modulation of glycogenolysis. The novel finding that NA induces significant activation of glycogenolysis in the hippocampus suggests activation of glycogenolysis may play a part in NA's learning and mnemonic effects in this region.


identifier: Dayal, Umesh <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Dayal=3AUmesh=3A=3A.html>   (1974) Instrumented impact cone penetrometer.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

title: Instrumented impact cone penetrometer

abstract: This thesis deals with the formulation of an analytical model applicable to low velocity impact penetration problems of soil media and the development of an instrumented impact cone penetrometer for measuring in situ strength properties of soil targets. -- A penetration theory based on momentum considerations is developed for a cone-tipped right circular cylinder impacting on a C-o soil target. A relationship is established between the instantaneous velocity, various 'static' and  'dynamic' soil properties, penetrometer characteristics and the instantaneous depth of penetration.  It is assumed that impact causes shear failure and the resistance to the motion of penetrometer is provided by the inertial resistance of the accelerated soil mass plus the dynamic soil resistive force distributed over the base and shaft of the penetrometer.  The soil resistive force is calculated on the basis of plastic theory modified for 'dynamic' conditions and extending the previous analysis for the ‘static' condition. The relationship obtained , in addition to providing the velocity profile and the maximum depth of penetration, can also be used for estimating the 'static’ soil strength properties although only under idealized conditions. -- The penetrometer utilised, in addition to providing acceleration signatures (as obtained by previous investigators), is capable of recording cone thrust and local side friction simultaneously and continuously. The available test results indicate that with this system the ‘dynamic ‘strength profile, the soil type,  location, and depth of different layers can be directly evaluated up to the penetrated depth.  The procedure is outlined for estimating the static in situ strength profile from the 'dynamic' strength profile.  The experimental results obtained in the laboratory under fully controlled conditions are in good agreement with proposed theoretical model. -- Tests conducted on terrestrial soils with a penetrometer developed for shallow depth exploration in marine environment demonstrate the potential value testing of the proposed instrument for in situ testing of marine sediments. Finally, the conceptual description of a marine impact penetrometer suitable for exploring great depths is discussed briefly.


identifier: Tracey, William F. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Tracey=3AWilliam_F=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1997) Internship report : an analysis of the structure and practice of information technology professional development in Essex County, England.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The research component of this internship was designed to ascertain the nature of inservice training with respect to Information Technology ( IT ) within Essex County, England. -- There were four criteria which were examined, first, through literature review, and then, evaluated during the internship period. These criteria were the impetus of Information Technology inservice training, the focus of Information Technology inservice training, the situation or place of Information Technology inservice training and follow up to Information Technology inservice training. -- This research study sought to identify whether the principles and the practices of Information Technology professional development inservice in Essex County tended to support or to repudiate literature findings. The above four criteria for Information Technology inservice were examined utilizing Essex County Education policy documents and through researcher observation. -- The principles and practices for Information Technology inservice in Essex County tended to agree with literature findings on the four criteria. Factors such as competitiveness between schools and decision-making power remaining in the hands of school governors, according to this researcher, may still have played a significant role in the information technology inservice process.


identifier: Carroll, L. Blair <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Carroll=3AL=2E_Blair=3A=3A.html>   (1998) Investigation into the detection and classification of defect colonies using ACFM Technology.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: A research project was undertaken to provide insight into the use of Alternating Current Field Measurement (ACFM) technology for the detection and classification of transgranular stress corrosion cracking (TGSCC) plaguing Canada's oil and natural gas transmission pipelines. Work was conducted using a series of machined defects and natural TGSCC samples. The results suggest that ACFM warrants further investigation in a larger scale project. Guidelines for future endeavors are provided. -- Of the 63 machined defects, used in 21 colony configurations, visual inspection identified all of the defects and an automated computer algorithm missed only one. The data set was not large enough to develop a sizing algorithm but provided valuable insight into defect signal interactions. -- Present ACFM technology is capable of detecting natural SCC colonies, but more work is required before individual crack classification can be achieved when the cracks appear in clusters.


identifier: Massaro, Melanie <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Massaro=3AMelanie=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Investigation of causes and effects of predation by herring (Larus argentatus) and great black-backed gulls (L. marinus) on black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) on Gull Island, Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In previous studies it has been observed that herring gulls (Larus argentatus) and great black-backed gulls (L. marinus) depredated breeding black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) that nest along the southeastern coast of Newfoundland, Canada. However, the causes and effects of large gull predation on kittiwakes was never extensively investigated nor quantified. In this study, herring gull and great black-backed gull predation on black-legged kittiwakes at Gull Island, southeastern Newfoundland was quantified at four study plots in relation to the timing of the annual spawning arrival of capelin (Mallotus villosus), the size of kittiwake sub-colonies (number of nests), kittiwake nest-site characteristics, and wind conditions. I also investigated the impact of large gull predation on kittiwake breeding performance during 1998 and 1999. -- I compared large gulls' predation attempt frequency among three periods: before mean gull hatching, between mean gull hatching and the arrival of capelin, and following capelin arrival. In both years, the frequency of gull predation attempts on kittiwakes differed significantly among the three periods, with highest levels of predation occurring after gull chicks hatched but before capelin arrival. Overall gull predation attempt levels were lower in 1999, when capelin spawned earlier, than in 1998. -- Nesting density and the location on the cliff were kittiwake nest-site characteristics that affected significantly the risk of predation. Breeding success (number of successful nests) was influenced by nesting density and ledge width. Additionally, I found that both risk of predation and breeding success varied significantly among plots. Individual kittiwake nests at the smallest plot experienced a higher probability of attack by large gulls than nests at larger plots. Hence, the percentage of failed nests was highest at the smallest plot and decreased as the size of the plots increased. Regardless of wind conditions both gull species attacked nest sites located on upper parts to a higher likelihood than sites located on middle and lower parts of the cliffs. However, during calm conditions, roofs over nest sites reduced the risk of predation by herring gulls, whereas sites located on narrow ledges were less likely to be attacked by great black-backed gulls. During windy conditions, nesting density affected which sites were attacked by great black-backed gulls. -- The level of gull predation behaviour was significantly correlated with the percentage of kittiwake eggs and chicks that disappeared within a week. I estimated that 43% of kittiwake eggs and chicks at Gull Island were taken by gulls in 1998 and 30% in 1999. My results demonstrated that kittiwakes have been indirectly (through increased predation by gulls) affected by the delayed arrival and lower abundance of capelin, and that kittiwake nest-site characteristics, and the size of a sub-colony were significantly correlated with the risk of depredation.


identifier: Clark, Vivien F. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Clark=3AVivien_F=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1995) Investigation of how much knowledge of certain aspects of French culture has been acquired by grade 9 students, in the early and late French immersion programs, in St. John's, Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Although much study has been done on the language skills and attitudes of French immersion students, there has been very little assessment of the students' knowledge of French culture, even though many educationalists advocate such knowledge for second language learners. The Government of Newfoundland and Labrador, Department of Education, Program of Studies, states as one of three objectives for French immersion, the appreciation of French language and culture (p. 184). Thus the intention of this study was to find out if, indeed, early and late French immersion students in grade 9 in St. John's, Newfoundland, have any knowledge of French culture, and if so, how much and of what type; and a further aim was to measure differences, if any, in these areas between the students in the two programs. This study was carried out by means of a questionnaire devised by the researcher. -- The questionnaire was designed in two parts, although the division was not obvious to the respondents. The first part was designed to create a profile of the respondents, and the second part was a test on French culture. This test was divided into three types of culture: behavioral culture is the typical behavior of the culture and involves such things as functional language, gestures and values; informational culture is facts that are cherished by the culture including history and geography, heroes and villains; and achievement culture is the artistic and literary accomplishments of the society. -- The information gathered was used to address the following research questions: — Do the students in the early French immersion and the late French immersion possess similar types of cultural knowledge and similar amounts of knowledge of the three types of culture:  behavioral, informational, and achievement? Is there a correlation between knowledge of French culture and, program, overall achievement, achievement in French, attitude towards French people and their culture? Are there any differences in the students' knowledge of French culture which might be attributed to gender? Is there a relationship between program followed or sex of the student, and language used to complete the questionnaire? -- The main research findings in this study were as follows. The early and the late French immersion students demonstrated similar types of knowledge of French culture as tested in this study, but the late French immersion did significantly better on the overall test and on two of the subtests, namely behavioral and achievement culture. There was a strong negative correlation between the students' overall average and, total score and score on informational and achievement culture; and between the student's average in French and, total score and score on achievement culture. No correlation was found between the student's professed attitude towards French people and their culture and his/her score on the test or subtests. It was noted that some questions did seem to have a gender-bias and that this bias was in favour of empathy with the same sex. Hardly any of the late French immersion students answered the French version of the questionnaire but a sizeable number of the early French immersion students did, although among this group there were more females than males.


identifier: Blundell, Jacqueline <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Blundell=3AJacqueline=3A=3A.html>   (2001) Investigation of mechanisms and locus of neural change underlying stress-induced changes in affect.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Stress has been linked to a variety of affective disorders, in particular, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD is a long-lasting, chronic psychological disorder that results from exposure to a life threatening, inescapable stressor. There is no known cure or adequate treatment for this disease. In addition, there is little information regarding its cause. Brain imaging studies have implicated hyperexcitability of the right amygdala in PTSD and in response to traumatic events. Recent animal research has confirmed the role of the amygdala during severe stress. The goal of this study was to identify particular neural pathways and structures in which changes in function mediate particular changes in affect following predator stress. In this set of experiments, predator stress was achieved by exposing a rat to a cat for five minutes. -- Neural transmission of amygdala afferent and efferent pathways was examined in Experiment 1. Specifically, pathways studied were the ventral angular bundle input to the basolateral amygdala and central and basolateral amygdala output to the periaqueductal gray (PAG). Transmission was investigated one day (Day 1 study) and nine days (Day 9 study) after predator stress. Behavioral testing occurred seven days post predator stress in the Day 9 study. Predator stress was anxiogenic in the elevated plus maze, light/dark box and acoustic startle tests. -- Lasting changes were also observed in neural transmission in both the Day 1 and Day 9 studies. Predator stress appeared to potentiate right and depotentiate left hemisphere afferent amygdala transmission, in contrast, predator stress potentiated amygdala efferent transmission to both right and left PAG, depending on the amygdala nucleus stimulated. Paired pulse and intensity series analyses suggest that transmission changes may be post synaptic or presynaptic, depending on the pathway. These results are similar to results found in cat studies, but there are species differences. -- PCREB expression in the amygdala, PAG and ventral medial hypothalamus was examined in Experiment 2. Three groups were used in this experiment: Predator stressed (same procedure as used in electrophysioiogy study), Handled control and Restrained control. The restrained group was added to mimic the periods of immobility of cat exposed rats. -- Predator stress increased pCREB expression in the right lateral column of the PAG and a subset of nuclei in the amygdala. In addition, restraining the rat reduced pCREB expression in the left lateral and ventral columns of the PAG. There were no differences in pCREB intensity in the ventral angular bundle. -- Both experiments confirm the role of the amydala and PAG in predator stress- induced changes in affective behavior. In addition, as seen in cat and human data, these experiments appear to support the importance of the right hemisphere in stress.


identifier: Wells, Trudy Annette <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Wells=3ATrudy_Annette=3A=3A.html>   (1997) Investigation of the genetic location of the protease genes in Pseudomonas fluorescens strains T24 and T25.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Economic and industrial interest in prokaryotic extracellular proteases has been the impetus for the study of extracellular proteases. Pseudomonas fluorescens strains T24 and T25, have been recognized for their ability to produce extracellular proteases, and the presence of plasmid DNA in these strains led to the hypothesis that the protease genes may be located on the plasmid DNA. To determine whether or not the protease genes were located on the plasmid DNAs of the two strains, various experiments, including conjugation, transformation, and curing via heat treatment were employed. While protease positive transconjugants and transformants were not detected in the conjugation and transformation experiments, respectively, the curing experiment suggested the plasmid location of the protease genes. -- Partial restriction endonuclease digestion maps were created for the plasmids, pT24 and pT25. The single restriction endonuclease digests for each of the plasmids was then probed with a nonradioactive, digoxigenin-labeled construct, pUT 8, reported to contain a protease gene. The pUT 8 construct hybridized specifically with a 3.75 kbp Sal I fragment and two Pst I fragments (sizes 3.4 kbp and 1.72 kbp) from the pT24 and pT25 plasmids, providing a second line of evidence for the plasmid origin of the protease genes. Regions similar to the pUT8 construct located on the pT24 and pT25 plasmids were then ligated to the cloning vector pUC18, and used to transform Escherichia coli. While thousands of colonies were screened, protease positive transformants were not detected. The pUT 8 probe was also used to probe the genomic DNA from P. ffuorescens strains T24 and T25. The probe did not hybridize with digests of genomic DNA from either Pseudomonas strain, thus providing a third line of evidence for the plasmid origin of the protease genes.


identifier: Saunders, Barbara Ann <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Saunders=3ABarbara_Ann=3A=3A.html>   (1998) Investigation of the inheritance of RAPD loci in Daphnia Pulex.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Inheritance and linkage of RAPD (randomly amplified polymorphic DNA) genetic markers were assessed in Daphnia pulex. Genetic markers are a useful addition to studies in areas of Daphnia biology, such as in investigations of population genetic structure and in estimating levels of gene flow between populations, that have been largely dominated by allozyme analyses. Daphnia pulex are freshwater Cladocerans that are ideal organisms for breeding studies because of their cyclical parthenogenetic mode of reproduction. Therefore, the inheritance of the genetic markers, generated using the RAPD molecular technique, can be examined in parent and progeny. In this study, crosses were made among ten clones from two Daphnia populations in southern Ontario. The percentage of hatched eggs in the F₁ ranged from 0-44.4%, with a survival rate to the production of first brood ranging from 40-100%. Four of the 18 interclonal crosses had sufficient F₁ sample sizes for examination using the RAPD technique. Eighty-one RAPD loci, both monomorphic and polymorphic, were scored (present or absent for each individual) and fifty of these loci were unique (some RAPD loci were present in individuals in more than one cross). Eighty-two percent of the RAPD loci were inherited according to the Mendelian segregation ratios of 1:1 or 3:1. Twenty-six of 29 loci conforming to 1:1 ratios were further examined for linkage to each other, but no linkage was found. However, linkage as tight as approximately r = 0.30 may not be detected because of small sample size (N =21- 47). Overall, the RAPD technique was successful in generating 46 segregating genetic markers for Daphnia pulex. Additional markers that are shown to be inherited in a Mendelian fashion may lead to detection of a marker linked to a gene of interest in Daphnia, such as the meiosis suppressor gene, and in future studies of variation in natural populations of Daphnia.


identifier: Ralph, Mark S. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Ralph=3AMark_S=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2001) Investigations into the asymmetric synthesis and biological activities of some bisbenzyltetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Bisbenzyltetrahydroisoquinoline (BBIQ) alkaloids are a very large and structurally diverse family of compounds that have been isolated from a variety of plant sources and have been found to exhibit a multitude of pharmacological properties including antitumor, antimalarial, and antibacterial activities. Variations in the number of aromatic oxygen substituents present, the number of ether linkages, the nature of the ether bridges and the sites on the two benzylisoquinoline units where the ether or carbon-carbon bond originate, have made BBIQs very interesting targets for several synthetic endeavours. -- The research described herein will focus on the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of the BBIQ oxyacanthine and several other compounds isolated from the herbal plant Mahonia aquifolium using the lipoxygenase inhibition and DPPH radical scavenging assays. In addition, the total synthesis of two target BBIQ are investigated utilizing the Pictet-Spengler and Bischler-Napieralski strategies for isoquinoline formation. Furthermore, alternative means to the classic Ullmann conditions for ether linkages is explored.


identifier: Blanchard, Angela N. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Blanchard=3AAngela_N=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Investigations into the intramolecular geminal acylation reaction.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The geminal acylation reaction, initially introduced by Kuwajima and co-workers, has been developed into a synthetically useful method of creating cyclic diketones by reacting l,2-bis[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]cyclobutene (1) with aldehydes, ketones, or acetals. To date, all examples of the reaction are intermolecular. The focus of this research was to develop methodology for an intramolecular geminal acylation. This process would lead to bridged compounds with two carbonyl functionalities. -- Compounds that should be capable of performing an intramolecular germinal acylation have been synthesized. These compounds possess a reactive functionality similar to that of 1, and an acetal moiety. Attempts at performing this reaction have been made and the results are quite promising. Several bridged diketones have been generated. There have been other compounds isolated that indicate that this reaction does proceed, however isolating the desired products has been problematic due to destruction of the bridged diketones within the reaction mixture.


identifier: Li, Guangchun <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Li=3AGuangchun=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Ion transport in conducting polymers.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

title: Ion transport in conducting polymers

abstract: The ion transport properties and electrochemistry of chemically prepared polypyrrole/poly(styrene-4-sulfonate), poIy(3,4-ethyIenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrene-4- sulfonate), and electrochemically prepared poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrene- 4-sulfonate) composites have been investigated by cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy in a variety of electrolyte solutions. These polymers exhibited facile electrochemistry, fast ion transport, and good electrochemical stability. The chemically prepared polymers are approximately ten times more porous than their electrochemically prepared counterparts, and therefore have ionic conductivities that are higher by a similar factor and show less potential dependence. The ionic conductivities of these polymers are strongly dependent on the concentrations and conductivities of the electrolyte solution used. At low electrolyte concentrations, the ionic conductivities of these polymers also show some potential dependence. It is concluded that these polymers consist of permselective polymer phases containing incorporated counter- ions and pores containing the electrolyte solution. The incorporated ions account for the dependence of ionic conductivity on the applied potential and the polymer's intrinsic ionic conductivity, while the electrolyte solution in the pores explains the strong dependence of ionic conductivity on the solution concentration and conductivity. In high concentration electrolyte solutions, ion transport is dominated by electrolyte in the pores, while at low electrolyte concentrations, incorporated ions in the polymer phases become significant.


identifier: Power, Max <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Power=3AMax=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus : psychosocial, educational and lifestyle implications.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This paper folio is divided into three sections. The first section will discuss what Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus is, its prevalence and incidence as well as diabetic complications and life style implications for people with IDDM. Relevant research with its implications for present and future care will be addressed. -- The second section will consist of a literature review of psycho educational and psychosocial research in relating to students with IDDM. This section will focus on learning patterns and cognitive functioning in these students as well as psychosocial issues such as coping strategies, family functioning, peer relationships and its inter-relationship with diabetes maintenance. -- The third section is directed towards school personnel who work with students with diabetes. Guidelines and suggestions will be given to classroom teachers, physical education teachers, counsellors and administrators to help them provide for the needs of students with diabetes. Legal implications for schools will also be addressed. The financial and emotional burden of IDDM will be discussed. Typical treatment plans for children with diabetes will be reviewed as well as the composition of a comprehensive team.


identifier: Pope, Ellis Abel <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Pope=3AEllis_Abel=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Integrating technology into a grade five resource-based weather unit.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: It is the responsibility of educators to prepare students for success in today's society. This success requires more than enabling students to follow direct instruction and perform rote tasks. It requires confidence, flexibility, good communication and problem solving skills as well as technological competencies. Individuals must be equipped with necessary skills to engage in lifelong learning. -- A review of literature in this project indicates that when technology is integrated into the school's curriculum, it can positively influence the teaching and learning process. It provides students with the opportunity to develop lifelong skills required for success in the world outside the classroom. Appropriate integration requires a change in the school's curriculum. Teachers are willing to make this change, however, they need more than just the technology guidelines provided by the Department of Education. -- In addressing this need, this project was developed to integrate technology into a resource-based weather unit. Resource-based learning allows students to use many resources so they can actively construct their own knowledge. Integrating Technology into a Resource-based Weather Unit is an example of how technology can be effectively integrated into the grade five curriculum. In this unit, resources and activities are carefully selected and where possible reflect a constructivist model of teaching and learning. -- This project contains four chapters: Chapter I identifies the background and rationale for the project; Chapter II provides a review of literature as it relates to the project; Chapter HI discusses the implementation of the project; and Chapter IV contains the actual project, including a unit planning guide. This guide includes the objectives and skills to be achieved, centre cards and evaluation sheets, as well as student workbooks. The first three chapters provide the basis for the fourth chapter. Together, all four chapters were written to fulfill the requirements for the degree of Master of Education.


identifier: Pope, Cynthia Elaine <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Pope=3ACynthia_Elaine=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Integrating the use of Vernier interface into the science curriculum.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of this internship was to provide support to science teachers under the jurisdiction of the Burin Peninsula School Board for the integration of the Vernier interface into the science curriculum. A support system was provided that involved many activities, including one-on-one sessions with teachers, group sessions, classroom visitations, equipment set up and trouble shooting, an on-line support forum, and resource material development. The support provided was based on the individual needs and concerns of the participating teachers. Participating teachers completed a demographic form and the Stages of Concern Questionnaire at the beginning of the internship. This information highlighted teacher perceptions of obstacles that impeded their use of the Vernier interface, as well as the concerns they held at that time regarding the use of this technology. A post-questionnaire and an evaluation of the support provided were administered at the completion of the internship. The data collected from 13 teachers who had completed all questionnaires was used in the analysis. The major area of focus in the research component of the internship was changes in teachers' concerns after their participation in the internship activities. It was found that generally teachers moved from lower end or self-concerns at the beginning of the internship to higher level refocusing concerns at the end. However, many teachers still indicated in the post-measure of the Stages of Concern Questionnaire that self-concerns were still intense. It has been suggested that this may be due to participants encountering new dimensions of the multi- faceted innovation. The results of this study indicate that ongoing support for teachers is essential to the successful integration of technology into the curriculum. Additionally, those who provided professional development support to teachers must be cognizant of individual teacher needs and concerns that change over time. Support provided should be developed in light of these unique concerns. The support provided by the intern was perceived by participating teachers to be worthwhile and facilitated participants' use of the Vernier interface. The practical experience provided to the intern was considered invaluable in terms of its contribution to the personal and professional growth of the intern.


identifier: Abu-Libdeh, Nidal M. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Abu-Libdeh=3ANidal_M=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2003) Interaction of pulmonary surfactant protein A (SP-A) with DPPC/egg-PG bilayers.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Surfactant protein A (SP-A) is the major protein component of pulmonary surfactant, a material that reduces surface tension at the air-water interface in lungs. This reduction is achieved by forming a phospholipid monolayer. Formation of the monolayer is thought to proceed via an intermediate structure, tubular myelin, in which lipid bilayers are arranged in a lattice of tubes. The minimum requirement for formation of tubular myelin in vitro appears to be the saturated lipid dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), anionic lipid egg-phosphatidylglycerol (PG), the hydrophobic protein SP-B, and the hydrophilic protein SP-A. SP-A is an octadecamer which is thought to interact with the bilayer surface through its carbohydrates recognition domain (CRD). The interaction of SP-A with DPPC/egg-PG bilayers, in the presence of calcium and with or without SP-B, has been studied using deuterium NMR observations of chain and headgroup deuterated DPPC in protein-lipid mixtures. While the DPPC-d₆₂/egg-PG bilayers liquid crystal-to-gel phase transition was found to proceed continuously in the presence of only SP-A, it was relatively sharp in the presence of SP-A and SP-B. SP-A alone reduces the first spectral moment M₁ for DPPC-d₆₂/egg-PG bilayers in the gel phase. When it is incorporated with SP-B into the DPPC-d₆₂/egg-PG bilayers the first spectral moment, M₁, was found, in the gel phase, to be higher than for the protein-free lipid mixture. These observations suggest that SP-A alone does not remove the effect of egg-PG on the DPPC bilayers and, hence, it has no specific interaction with either lipid component of the mixture. The removal of the effect of egg-PG on DPPC bilayers by SP-A and SP-B together suggests that SP-B may have a preferential interaction with egg-PG or that both proteins interact in a cooperative manner with the egg-PG. Transverse relaxation time (T₂e) studies suggest that SP-A influences slow lipid motions in the liquid crystalline phase. DPPC headgroup studies showed that the presence of SP-A reduces the size of the β quadrupole splittings while the α quadrupole splittings remains unchanged. This was found to be consistent with the increase in area per lipid and, at the same time, with a decrease in the headgroup orientational order resulting from interaction with SP-A. Taken together, these observations are consistent with the expectation that SP-A interacts primarily at the bilayer surface.


identifier: Tittle, Angela M. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Tittle=3AAngela_M=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1998) Interleukin-1β effects on somatostatin release in vitro.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Interleukin-1β (an acute phase immune response cytokine) affects central nervous system and hypothalamic control of many neuroendocrine functions.  Injections of endotoxins, the cell wall components of gram negative bacteria, have been used experimentally to induce the secretion of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and other cytokines in mammals.  Long term endotoxin treatment in rats causes a decrease in the rate of somatic growth, accompanied by an initial suppression of growth hormone (GH) release parameters (the mass/concentration, peak frequency and baseline levels of secreted GH during a specified time interval) followed by a rebound.  The hypothalamic peptide somatostatin (SS) is the primary inhibitor of GH release.  IL-1β has been shown to acutely (≤ 30 min) and chronically (> 24 hr) stimulate SS biosynthesis, but no studies have observed IL-1β effects on SS secretion during the intermediate time periods (in hours).  The suppression of somatic growth and the initial inhibition of GH release parameters suggests that at some intermediate time point during exposure, endotoxins may adversely regulate somatostatin release through direct mechanisms or via IL-1β mediation.  This study used organotypic slice cultures of neonatal rat hypothalamic explants to test the hypothesis that IL-1β induces an inhibition of somatostatin release when cultures are exposed to the cytokine for durations of several hours.  This hypothesis may explain how the removal of the negative regulator of GH release would result in the rebound in GH secretion observed in rats treated with endotoxins.  In this study, the 2 hr and 12 hr IL-1β incubations resulted in an inhibition of somatostatin release below basal secretion levels.  These data indicate that an IL-1β inhibition of SS release may mediate the rebound in GH secretion observed in rats treated chronically with endotoxins.  The 24 hr incubation with IL-1β had no significant effect on somatostatin release, suggesting that the chronic effects of IL-1β on growth and GH secretion may be sustained through other hypothalamic mechanisms.  This and other data in the literature also suggest that IL-1β plays a complex role in somatostatin regulation having the ability to stimulate (minutes), inhibit (hours) or not alter (days) somatostatin release. -- Certain prostaglandins are known to mediate IL-1β actions.  In order to clarify the mechanisms by which IL-1β may inhibit somatostatin secretion, the synthesis of prostaglandin was inhibited.  12 hr incubations of indomethacin alone caused a significant decrease in somatostatin secretion from the cultures derived from the first, and most rostral slices only.  Indomethacin combined with IL-1β did not significantly alter somatostatin release compared to basal levels suggesting that in this culture system, under the conditions described, that IL-1β exhibits its effects on somatostatin secretion through a prostaglandin dependent mechanism.  Further study will be needed to determine the precise mechanisms and time course by which IL-1β affects somatostatin secretion.


identifier: Westera, Doreen <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Westera=3ADoreen=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Internship at the Family Life Bureau including a research project : a survey of the inclusion of spirituality in school counsellors' practice.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This report focuses on a counselling internship completed at the Family Life Bureau, St. John's, Newfoundland, as part of the requirement for the Master of Education (Educational Psychology) degree. This internship was of thirteen weeks duration, and was completed between January 12, 2000 and June 30, 2000. -- Chapter One of this report identifies the rationale for choosing the internship alternative. In addition, the rationale for choosing the Family Life Bureau as the setting within which to complete this internship is discussed. A description of the setting of the Family Life Bureau is given, as well as the services available at the Bureau. The chapter ends with a description of internship goals and supervisory activities and responsibilities. -- Chapter Two of this report includes a comprehensive discussion of the activities undertaken by the intern while at the Family Life Bureau. Chapter Three describes the research component of the internship, discussing the background, purpose and significance of the research, as well as giving a literature review, research questions, methodology, results and their implications, and the limitations of the survey. This research component was not completed at the Family Life Bureau. Rather, a questionnaire was distributed to school counselors in the province who are working with junior or senior high school students to determine the nature, extent and attitudes toward spiritual care in counseling practice. The results of this study indicate that these counsellors are not including aspects of the spiritual dimension as an integral part of their counselling practice, and did not feel a high level of skill in this area. Most perceived their counselor training programs to be deficient in instruction in the spiritual dimension and identified time and lack of knowledge as the greatest obstacles to attending to the spiritual dimension. Based on relevant findings in the study, Chapter three offers recommendations for practice and research.


identifier: Brophy, Christina Suzanne <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Brophy=3AChristina_Suzanne=3A=3A.html>   (1998) Internship in school counselling undertaken at a St. John's high school with a research component studying an adolescent relationships group.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This internship report consists of three sections. The first section gives an overview of the internship including: rationale, setting, duration, supervision and evaluation, and objectives. The second describes the experiences of the intern at a St. John's High School between April and June 1995 and contains a reflective, critical discussion of the value of the activities in meeting the specific internship objectives. The final section of this report describes a research project conducted during the internship. A fictitious name: Centre City High School (or Centre City) is used throughout this report in place of the actual name of the high school where the internship was completed, to protect the anonymity of students. -- The purpose of the placement component of the internship was to provide practical experiences for the graduate student to develop personal and professional competencies as a school counsellor beyond those of the required practicum in Educational Psychology. Under the supervision of both field and university supervisors, opportunities were provided for the intern to gain further knowledge, experience, and skill in: individual and group counselling, career counselling, consultation, psychoeducational assessment, awareness of community resources applicable to guidance referrals, and conducting site-based research which would be useful in a school guidance program. The intern completed specific activities which were chosen to fulfill each of these general objectives. -- The purpose of the research component was for the intern to gain experience in research which would normally be encountered by a school counsellor at the secondary level. The intern administered a questionnaire designed to elicit students' responses concerning their participation in a seven session Adolescent Relationships Group at Centre City High School. The research report contains a pertinent literature review of the topic, objectives of the program, summary of each session's topic and activities, and feedback from the student participants concerning their experiences in the group. Recommendations are given for counsellors who are interested in conducting similar Adolescent Relationships Groups in their high schools.


identifier: Downey, Paula Marie <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Downey=3APaula_Marie=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Internship report : a case study of Internet usage at St. John's Collegiate.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This report describes my observations and activities during an internship period at St. John's Collegiate. It also focuses on a research component on teacher's use of the Internet in an environment of unrestricted access I compiled while at the school. -- Chapter One provides an overview of the internship setting, the goals, the critical reflection, and the research component of the internship. Chapter Two presents the case study on two teachers' use of the Internet. This study was undertaken as part of a broader study to examine the effect on high school teachers of direct and unrestricted access to the Internet. I interviewed two teachers in an open-ended interview on a range of topics including, factors which led to their continued use of the Internet, how they are making use of the Internet, problems encountered when using the Internet, and changes in teachers' views of education due to Internet use. Chapter Three is a reflective summary of the internship experience and focuses on the roles of the learning resource teacher with particular emphasis on the following areas: the general administration of the resource centre, staff and student use of the resource centre, and the duties and responsibilities of the resource teachers. -- Both teachers involved in the case study were clearly deriving significant benefits from their Internet use; it allowed them to access relevant, current information for their own professional use and to locate educational sites for the benefit of their students. As a consequence, both were confident they would continue to be avid Internet users.


identifier: Chaparro, Oscar R. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Chaparro=3AOscar_R=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1996) The brooding process in the Chilean oyster, Ostrea chilensis (Philippi, 1845).  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Most bivalve molluscs are broadcast spawners, but several have evolved mechanisms for brooding the embryos and larvae. In the research described in this thesis, the Chilean oyster Ostrea chilensis is used as a model to allow us to understand more fully the efficiency of the brooding process and the role of this mode of reproduction as an adaptation to an estuarine environment. The reproductive biology of the adults, the brooding mechanism, and the physiology, behaviour, energetics and morphology of the brooded larvae were studied in oysters from the Quempillen estuary in southern Chile. -- In the Chilean oyster, reproduction occurs once per year, during spring and early summer. During the three years of the study, approximately 40% of the potential females in the population exhibited brooding behaviour. The brooding period was approximately seven to eight weeks, during which larvae lived in the infrabranchial chamber of the female, and grew until they reached approximately 500 jam shell length, after which they were released. Brooded embryos and larvae utilize protein and lipid as the principal energy sources. -- In vivo endoscopic observations showed that larvae were concentrated primarily in the mouth-palps region of the female, where they were constantly manipulated and kept in motion by the palps. However, larvae were also seen distributed along the gills, but with no physical connection to the gills. Larvae showed a clear circulation pattern in the mantle cavity, being transported from the palp region to the posterior region of the gills by the water current produced by the female, then returning to the oral region via the ventral and dorsal ciliated food grooves of the female. -- Larvae were observed to ingest exogenous particles, establishing that they are not obligatory lecithotrophs. Food ingestion began when larvae developed the ciliated velum at approximately 290-300 urn shell length. Observations with the scanning electron microscope revealed that the distribution of ciliary bands on the velum of the Chilean oyster larva is adapted to the unusual environmental conditions associated with brooding. The absence of cilia during all the embryonic stages and the early stages of the veliger, the absence of the apical tuft, and the apparent absence of the postoral cilia (POC) characteristic of pelagic veligers, demonstrate this adaptation. -- The brooding process had a considerable impact on some aspects of the physiology of the female, especially the filtration rate (FR), which greatly decreased in brooding oysters. Brooding females partially compensated by increasing absorption efficiency (AE) in comparison to non brooders. The scope for growth was much lower in brooding oysters than in non brooders, largely as a result of the reduced FR of the brooders. After larvae were liberated, the FR of the female increased, reaching values close to those that could be considered 'normal FR' in Chilean oysters. -- The brooding mechanism provides in the mantle cavity a protective environment in which larvae can develop until they reach a very advanced pediveliger stage before release. Brooding appears in this species to be an adaptation for producing and retaining offspring in the estuarine environment in which Chilean oyster populations occur. Whereas brooding female oysters undergo weight loss, deplete their biochemical reserves, and experience a negative scope for growth during the brooding period, their larvae are liberated at an advanced developmental stage, have a very short pelagic period, and settle immediately after release, implying that mortality is much less than in pelagic larvae.