title: Effect of age on female choice in the field cricket, Gryllus interger

subject:
Crickets--Physiology.
Insects--Age.
Gryllus integer.

abstract:
Female choice is an important element of sexual selection that
may vary among females of the same species. Few researchers have
investigated the causes of variation in selectivity with respect to
potential mates and overall level of motivation toward a stimulus
source representative of a mate. This study demonstrates that
female age may be one cause of variation in female choice. Females
of different ages may have different mate preferences. As females
age, they have less time left to reproduce, and their residual
reproductive value decreases. This should correspond to a higher
reproductive effort which may be represented as increased
motivation and/or decreased selectivity.
The effect of age on mate choice in Gryllus integer was
investigated by using a non-compensating treadmill, called the Kugel,
to measure female phonotaxis. Artificially generated male calling
songs of varying pulse rates were broadcast in either a singlestimulus
or a three-stimulus experimental design. The pulse rates
used in the calling song stimuli were 70, 64, 76, 55 and 85 pulses per
second. These corresponded to the documented mean pulse rate for
the species at the experimental temperature, one standard deviation
below and above the mean, and 2.5 standard deviations below and
above the mean, respectively. Test females were either 11-14 days
or 25-28 days post-ecdysis. Trials usually were conducted two to
seven hours into the scotophase.
In the single-stimulus experiment, females were presented
with stimuli with only one pulse rate. Older females achieved higher
vector scores than younger females, indicating that older females are more motivated to mate. Both groups showed little phonotactic
response towards 55 or 85 pIs, both of which lie outside the natural
range of G. integer calling song at the experimental temperature.
Neither group discriminated among the three pulse rates that fell
within the natural range of calling song.
In the three-stimulus experiment, females were presented
with stimuli with one of three pulse rates, 64, 70 or 76 pIs, In
alternation. Both age groups had reduced responsiveness in this
experiment, perhaps due to an increase in perceived male density.
Additionally, younger females responded significantly more to 64
and 70 pIs than to the higher pulse rate, indicating that they are
selective with respect to mate choice. Older females did not
discriminate among the three pulse rates. Therefore, it was
concluded that selectivity decreases with age.
A further study was conducted to determine that these effects
were due to age and not due to the differing periods without a
mating between the two age groups. Again, stimuli were presented
in a three-stimulus experimental design. Age was held constant at
28 days and time since last mating varied from 11 to 25 days.
Females varyIng in time since last mating did not differ in their
responses to the calling song pulse rates. This indicated that the
increased motivation and decreased selectivity exhibited In the
initial experiments were due to age and not to time without a mating.
Neither time of trial nor female weight had an effect upon female
phonotaxis. Data are discussed in terms of mate choice, residual
reproductive value, and costs of choice.


title: Effect of diurnal cycling temperatures on cardiovascular- ventilatory function in statically-acclimated rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri

subject:
Rainbow trout.
Temperature--Physiological effect.
Cardiovascular system.

abstract:
Four groups of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri, were acclimated to 2°,
10°, and 18°e, and to a diurnal temperature cycle (100 ± 4°C). To evaluate
the influence of cycling temperatures in terms of an immediate as opposed
to acclimatory response various ventilatory-cardiovascular rate functions
were observed for trout, either acclimated to cycling temperatures or
acclimated to constant temperatures and exposed to a diurnal temperature
cycle for the first time (10° ± 4°C for trout acclimated to 10°C; 18°+ 4°C
for trout acclimated to l8°e). Gill resistance and the cardiac to ventilatory
rate ratio were then calculated. Following a post preparatory recovery
period of 36 hr, measurements were made over a 48 hour period with the first
24 hours being at constant temperature in the case of statically-acclimated
fish followed by 24 hours under cyclic temperature conditions.
Trout exhibited marked changes in oxygen consumption (Vo ) with temp-
2
erature both between acclimation groups, and in response to the diurnal
temperature cycle. This increase in oxygen uptake appears to have been
achieved by adjustment of ventilatory and, to some extent, cardiovascular
activity. Trout exhibited significant changes in ventilatory rate (VR),
stroke volume (Vsv), and flow (VG) in response to temperature. Marked
changes in cardiac rate were also observed. These findings are discussed
in relation to their importance in convective oxygen transport via water
and blood at the gills and tissues.
Trout also exhibited marked changes in pressure waveforms associated
with the action of the resp; ratory pumps with temperature. Mean differenti a 1
pressure increased with temperature as did gill resistance and utilization.
This data is discussed in relation to its importance in diffusive oxygen
transport and the conditions for gas exchange at the gills.
With one exception, rainbow trout were able to respond to changes in
oxygen demand and availability associated with changes in temperature by
means of adjustments in ventilation, and possibly pafusion, and the conditions
for gas exchange at the gills. Trout acclimated to 18°C, however, and
exposed to high cyclic temperatures, showed signs of the ventilatory and
cardiovascular distress problems commonly associated with low circulating
levels of oxygen in the blood. It appears these trout were unable to fully
meet the oxygen requirements associated with c~ling temperatures above 18°C.
These findings were discussed in relation to possible limitations in the
cardiovascular-ventilatory response at high temperatures.
The response of trout acclimated to cycling temperatures was generally
similar to that for trout acclimated to constant temperatures and exposed
to cycling temperatures for the first time. This result suggested that
both groups of fish may have been acclimated to a similar thermal range,
regardless of the acclimation regime employed. Such a phenomenon would allow
trout of either acclimation group to respond equally well to the imposed
temperature cycle.
Rainbow trout showed no evidence of significant diurnal rhythm in any
parameters observed at constant temperatures (2°, 10°, and 18° C), and under
a 12/12 light-dark photoperiod regime. This was not taken to indicate an
absence of circadian rhythms in these trout, but rather a deficiency in the
recording methods used in the study.


title: Effect of the position of the double-bond in monounsaturated phospholipids on the dynamics of model membranes

subject:
Thermodynamics.
Phospholipids.
Bilayer lipid membranes.

abstract:
Therllloelynalllics of lllodel 11lel1ll)rane systeills containing 1110nollnsaturatecl I)lloSI)holil)
ids is strongly infllienced l)y the I)osition of the C==C dOlll)le })ond in tIle acyl chain.
The telllI)eratllres of both chain-nlelting (TM) and La -+ HI! (TH) I)hase traIlsitions
are lowered by IIp to 20°C when C==C is Inoved froln positions 6 or 11 to I)osition 9
in an 18-carl)on chain. This work is an attellll)t to ellicidate the uIlderlying Illoleclilar
Illechanisllls reSI)Onsi])le for tllese draillatic tllerillodynaillic changes.
Mixtllres of di-18: 1 l)hoSI)hatidylethanolanline with C==C at l)ositioIlS 6, 9, 11 were
llsed, witll a sI1lall aI1lOlint of I)erdellterated tetradecanol, known to })e a gooel rel)Orter
of the cllain Illoleclilar order. SI)ectral second 11I0I1lents were llsed to Illonitor tIle La -+
HII I)hase transition, which was fOllnd to ])e ])road (2-6°C), with a slight llysteresis
on heatiIlg/cooling. The orientational order I)rofiles were nleasllred 1lSiIlg 2H Illiclear
Illagnetic resonance and changes in these order I)rofiles between La aIld HII I)hases silow
l)oth a local increase in order in the vicinity of the C==C bonds and an o\Terall decrease ill
the average orientational order of the chain as a whole. These Sll])tle changes recluire })oth
high-fidelity SI)ectrosCol)y and a careflll data analysis that takes into aCCOllnt the effects
due to l)artiall1lagnetically-indllced orientational ordering of the l)ilayers. In tIle COIltext
of SOllle recently rel)Orted cross-relaxation 11leaSlirenlents in Silllilar l)llOSI)llolil)iels, 0111'
reslilts sllggest that large-anll)litllde conforlllational changes in the interior of tIle I110del
111eI11])ranes I)lay a 1110re significant role than I)reviollsly thOllght.


title: Effects of intracerebroventricular bombesin administration on local cerebral glucose utilization in the restrained and unrestrained rat

subject:
Bombesin.
Rats--Physiology.
Glucose.
Brain--Localization of functions.

abstract:
Intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of bombesin (BN) induces a
syndrome characterized by stereotypic locomotion and grooming,
hyperactivity and sleep elimination, hyperglycemia and hypothermia,
hyperhemodynamics, feeding inhibition, and gastrointestinal function
changes. Mammalian BN-like peptides (MBNs), e.g. gastrin-releasing
peptide (GRP), Neuromedin C (NMC), and Neuromedin B (NMB), have been
detected in the central nervous system. Radio-labeled BN binds to specific
sites in discrete cerebral regions. Two specific BN receptor subtypes (GRP
receptor and NMB receptor) have been identified in numerous brain regions.
The quantitative 2-[14C]deoxyglucose ([14C]20G) autoradiographic
method was used to map local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) in the
rat brain following ICV injection of BN (vehicle, BN O.1Jlg, O.5Jlg). At each
dose, experiments were conducted in freely moving or restrained
conditions to determine whether alterations in cerebral function were the
result of BN central administration, or were the result of BN-induced
motor stereotypy. The anteroventral thalamic nucleus (AV) (p=O.029),
especially its ventrolateral portion (AVVL) (p<O.0005), exhibited
increased rates of metabolism under both restraint conditions. The effect
was treatment dependent without interaction of the restraint conditions.
Of all the regions that were reported to have high densities of BN
receptors, the internal granular layer of the olfactory bulb (IGr) (p=O.028),
and the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCh) (p=O.003) exhibited BN treatment
effects. BN effects on LCGU were also observed in the median eminence
(ME) (p=O.011). Restraint, however, decreased LCGU in the lateral dorsal
thalamic nucleus, ventrolateral and dorsomedial parts (LOVL and LOOM)
(p=O.044, p=O.009), and the lateral geniculate (LG) (p=O.027).
In sum, BN induced a marked and highly localized alteration in
cerebral metabolism within parts of the anterior thalamus, which is the
principle relay in the limbic circuitry. BN effects were also observed in
IGr, Mi, SCh, and ME. Effects of restraint were found in LOVL, LOOM, and LG.
It is suggested that increased LCGU in AV and AVVL may be the result of
functional change in the limbic circuitry and the hypothalamus caused by
BN receptor functional modification. In IGr, increased LCGU following BN
administration is considered to be mainly the result the activation of NMB
receptor, a subtype of BN receptors. In SCh, increased LCGU is believed to
be caused both by BN effects on the thalamic, the hypothalamic, and the
limbic functions and by activation of GRP receptor, another BN receptors
subtype found in SCh. In ME, increased LCGU is suggested to be caused by
BN effects on the hypothalamic functions, especially those related to the
neuroendocrine functions. None of the alterations seen in these regions
reflects the emission of stereotyped motor behaviors. Rather, they reflect
a direct influence of BN central administration upon functioning of the
cerebral regions influenced by BN administration. The restraint effects
seen in LO, including LOOM and LOVL, are suggested to be the result of
altered behavioral expression. The restraint effects seen in LG is
suggested to be the result of reduced locomotion.


title: Effects of large anphiphilic ligands upon the spectra and kinetics of cytochrome C oxidase

subject:
Cytochrome oxidase.
Cytochrome c.
Ligands.
Enzymes--Synchesis.

abstract:
Cytoch ro me c oxidase (ferrocytochrome c : 02
oxidoreductase ; EC 1.9. 3.1) is the terminal enzyme in the
mitochondrial electron transport chain, catalyzing the transfer of
electrons from ferrocytochrome c to molecular oxygen. The
effects of two large amphiphilic molecules .. valinomycin and
dibucaine upon the spectra of the isolated enzyme and upon the
activity of both isolated enzyme and enzyme in membrane
systems are investigated by using spectrophotometric and oxygen
electrode techniques.
The results show that both valinomycin and dibucaine
change the Soret region of the spectrum and cause a partial
inhibition in a concentration range higher than that in which they
act as ionophores. It is concluded that both valinomycin and
dibucain~ binding induce a conformational change of the protein
structure which modifies the spectrum of the a3 CUB centre and
diminishes the rate of electron transfer between cytochrome a
and the binuclear centre.


title: Effects of sample solvent composition and injection volume on chromatographic peak profiles of methyl w- benzimidazolecarbamate and 3-butyl1-2,4-dioxo[1,2-a]-s- triazinobenzimidazole in RP-HPLC

subject:
Chromatographic analysis.
High performance liquid chromatography.
Carbomates.
Solvents.

abstract:
The effects of sample solvent composition and the
injection volume, on the chromatographic peak profiles of two
carbamate derivatives, methyl 2-benzimidazolecarbamate (MBC)
and 3-butyl-2,4-dioxo[1,2-a]-s-triazinobenzimidazole (STB),
were studied using reverse phase high performance liquid
chromatograph. The study examined the effects of acetonitrile
percentage in the sample solvent from 5 to 50%, effects of
methanol percentage from 5 to 50%, effects of pH increase from
4.42 to 9.10, and effect of increasing buffer concentration
from ° to 0.12M. The effects were studied at constant and
increasing injection mass and at four injection volumes of
10, 50, 100 and 200 uL. The study demonstrated that the
amount and the type of the organic solvents, the pH, and the
buffer strength of the sample solution can have a pronounced
effect on the peak heights, peak widths, and retention times
of compounds analysed. MBC, which is capable of intramolecular
hydrogen bonding and has no tendency to ionize, showed a
predictable increase .in band broadening and a decrease in
retention times at higher eluting strengths of the sample
solvent. STB, which has a tendency to ionize or to strongly
interact with the sample solvent, was influenced in various
ways by the changes in ths sample solvent composition.
The sample solvent effects became more pronounced as the injection volume increased and as the percentage of organic
solvent in the sample solution became greater. The peak height
increases for STB at increasing buffer concentrations
became much more pronounced at higher analyte concentrations.
It was shown that the widely accepted procedure of
dissolving samples in the mobile phase does not yield the most
efficient chromatograms. For that reason samples should be
dissolved in the solutions with higher aqueous content than
that of the mobile phase whenever possible. The results
strongly recommend that all the samples and standards,
regardless whether the standards are external or internal,
be analysed at a constant sample composition and a constant
injection volume.


title: Elaborative interrogation as a learning technique for students with learning disabilities

contributor: Department of Graduate and Undergraduate Studies in Education

subject:
Questioning.
Learning disabled children--Education.

abstract:
This study examined whether or not students with learning
disabilities could effectively use a question and answer strategy
known as elaborative interrogation. This technique involved
students answering why they thought facts based on familiar
animal stories were true. Thirty students from a provincial
demonstration high school (for students with learning disabilities)
were assigned to one of two study conditions, (a) elaborative
interrogation or (b) reading for understanding. Three students, one
from the experimental condition and two from the control did not
complete the study. Both conditions required that the students
learn 36 facts concerning six familiar animals. Immediately
following the study session the students completed a free-recall test,
a matched association test and a questionnaire regarding their
perceived difficulty of the animal stories. After 30 days a matched
association test was completed. The oneway ANOVA, 2 x 2 split plot
ANOVA and Tukey's Honestly Significant Test were used to
determine significance. There was no significant difference in the
two conditions for free recall retention. There were significant
differences in the elaborative interrogation condition for the
immediate matched association test and for the 30-day matched
association test. The probability of the students' responses in the
elaborative interrogation were measured to determine the effects of
adequate responses on long-term retention. It was found that the
adequate responses were more likely to promote retention than
inadequate responses. In conclusion, long-term retention of factual information was significantly better in the elaborative interrogation
condition in comparison to the reading for understanding control.
For future research, the dependent measure, free recall should be
given both verbally and in written format. In addition, extra time
should be allowed for processing of the new information to occur.


title: Electrical properties of some single crystal dodecaborides /|nby Jyoti Burte. -- 260 St. Catharines [Ont. : s. n.],

subject:
Crystals--Electric properties.
Borides.
Boron carbide.

abstract:
PreVi011.3 ':i or~ : indicat e('. tk~t ho t~)rE's sed ~-Al B 12
1i~2, ~' a semiconductor. r:Toreove r , the s i mpl.(~ electronic
t heory also indi cates that ~ -AIB1 2 should be a semico
nductor, since thf're is one nonbonding e 'Le ctrofl
per AlB12- uni t. JPor these reasons, we decided to
measure t he electrical n ropert i ~ s of ~ -AlB1 2 single
crystal s .
Singl e crystal s of¥- AIB 12 ab ou t 1 x 1 r1n1 . size
were grown from a copper mel t at 12500 C. The melt
technique coupled. 1,vi th slow cooling vilas used because
of i ts advantages such as : siTYInle set- up of the
expe rimon t ; only e ;l.sil y available c hemi cals are
required and it i s a c omparatively strair::bt forvvard
y,le t hod still yielding crystal s big enouGh for OtU'
purpose . Copper rms used as a solvent , i nst8ad of
previOl.wly used aluminum , because it allows c.l.'ystal
growth at hig he r t emneratures.
HovlGver, the cry s tals of ] -AlB12 shm'red very
hi gh res i s t ance a t r oom temperature . From our
neasureJ'lents we conclude that the r esistivity of
j3- Al B12 is, at least, given as ~ = 4. x 107 oblD .em ••
Those results are inc ons i s t ent wi 'uh the ones .. reported
by IIiss Khin fo r bot- pressed j3-AlB12 g i ven a s = 7600
ohm . em . or I e s s . ' Since tbe hot pressing was done
at about 800 - ' 9000C i n ~ rap hi te moul ds 1,7i th 97%
AlB12- p oVJder, vie thi nk there is pas s ib i 1 i ty th a.t
lower borides or borot] carbide are , being formed,
':.Jhich are k11 own to be good semiconductors .
v7e tried to ro-pe r-AlB12 by addi'J,'?: agents s uch
as l:Ig , IG.-InO 4. ' HgS04 , KI12PO 4·' etc. to t he melt ..
However , all these re age 11 t eel either reduced the yield
and size of t lJe crystals or r;ave crystals of high
r esis'can ce again. We think tba t molten copper keeps
t he i mpurities off . There is also a pos s i bil i ty
t hc:!,t these doping agents get oxidi~::;ed at '1 250°C •
Hence, we co ~ clud e that J -AIB12 has v~ ry high
r es i stance at r oom temperature . This was a l s o C011 -
fi rmed by checki ng the siYlgle and. polycrystals of
.~-AIB12 from Norton Co., Ontario and Cooper
Nletallurgical Association.
Boron carbide has been reported to be a semiconductor
with ~ - 0.3 to 0.8 ohm . cm. for hotpres
sed s araples. Boron carbide b e inq: struct urally
related to ¥-AIB12 , we de cided to study the electrical
prone rties of it~ Single crystals. These crystals
were cut from a Single melt grovvn crystal a t Norton
Co., Ontario. The resistivity of th," se crystal s was
measured by the Van der Pam-v' s ~ nethod, which \vas
very c onvenient fo r our crystal sha-pp.s.
Some of the crystals showed resistivity
~ == 0.50 ob,Tn.cr] . i n agreement with the previously
reported results . However , a few crystals showed
lower resistivity e.g . 0 .13 and 0.20 ohm.cra • • The
Hall mobility could .not be measured and th8reiore
i s lower than 0 .16 em 2 v - 1 sec -1 • This is in agreement
\vith t he re1)orted Hall mobility for pyrolytic boron
. _ 2 -1 -1
carbide as 0.13 cm v sec •
We also studied the orientation of the boron
carbide crystals by the Jjaue-method. The inclination
of c-axis with res pect to x-ray be81Il was det ermined .
This was found to be 100 t o 20° f or normal resistivity
sarnples (0.5 ohm . cm.) and 27 - 30° for t he lower
r esistivity samples (0.1 ~5 to 0.20 ohm.cm .).
This indica tes the possibility that th.e r es if.1tivity
of B13C3 i s orientation dependent.


title: Electrogenic proton/L-glutamate symport in isolated asparagus sprengeri mesophyll cell

subject:
Asparagus sprengeri.
Cell membranes.
Amino acids--Metabolism.
Cells.
Adenosine triphosphatase.
Asparate aminotransferase.

abstract:
Medium' alkaliniiation occurred -lipon the addition of L-Glu to mechanically
isolated Asparagus sprenger-i mesophyll cells suspended in 1 mM CaS04.
Alkalinization resulted from the coupled entry of H+ and L-Glu anion into the
cells. This H+ IL-Glu symport did not stimulate K+ efflux. K+ efflux has been
observed during H~ lamino acid symport in other systems. The stimulation of K+
efflux by proton coupled symport is regarded as an indicator of a plasma
membrane depolarizing electrogenic symport process. H+ IL-Glu symport in
Asparagus sprengerimesophyl1 cells was investigated to determine whether or
not the process was electrogenic.
The rate of uptake of 0.25 11M 3H-MTPP+ ( Methyltriphenylphosphonium,
methyl-3H ) is a probe for monitoring changes in the membrane potential. 3HMTPP+
uptake was reduced by K+ or CCCP, agents known to depolarize the
membrane potential. Uptake of 3H-MTPP+ was also inhibited by L-Glu but not
by D-Glu. Conversely, 10 mM external MTPP+ inhibited the uptake of 14C-U-LGlu.
Simultaneous measurements of the rates of 14C-U-L-Glu uptake and L-Glu
dependent H+ influx showed that the molar stoichiometry of H+ IL-Glu symport
was 2 to 1.
K+ or Na+ stimulated H+ efflux was completely inhibited by DCCD, DES,
oligomycin and antimycin reagents which inhibit ATP driven H+ efflux. The H+
efflux \Vas also stimulate.d by the weak acids, butyric acid and acetic acid, which
are known fo-aCidify the cytoplasm. This weak acid stimulated H+ efflux was
also completely inhibited by oligomycin. It was calculated that net L-Glu
dependent H+ influx increased by 100% in the presence of oligomycin and that
despite net medium alkalinization H+ IL-Glu symport stimulates ATP dependent
H+ efflux.
11
The data presented in this study indicate that H+ IL-Glu symport is
electrogenic. The data also show that ATP dependent Ht efflux rather than K+
efflux is the- process compensating for thi~ electrogenic H+ IL-Glu symport.


title: Electron impact and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry studies of: (a) phosphonium and arsonium salts and (b) group V triptycenes and related complexes

subject:
Mass spectrometry.
Electron impact ionization.
Phosphonium salts.
Arsonium salts.
Triptycenes.


title: Electrophysiological quantification of sleepiness and the sleep onset period in normal sleepers and narcoleptics

subject: Sleep. Narcolepsy.


title: Elementary computer-mediated online distance education : identification of criteria for successful implementation and practice

subject: Education, Elementary--Computer-assisted instruction.

subject: Distance education.

subject: Internet in education.

abstract:
This study had three purposes related to the effective implem,entation and
practice of computer-mediated online distance education (C-MODE) at the
elementary level: (a) To identify a preliminary framework of criteria 'or guidelines for
effective implementation and practice, (b) to identify areas ofC-MODE for which
criteria or guidelines of effectiveness have not yet been developed, and (c) to develop
an implementation and practice criteria questionnaire based on a review of the
distance education literature, and to use the questionnaire in an exploratory survey of
elementary C-MODE practitioners.
Using the survey instrument, the beliefs and attitudes of 16 elementary C'-
MODE practitioners about what constitutes effective implementation and practice
principles were investigated. Respondents, who included both administrators and
instructors, provided information about themselves and the program in which they
worked. They rated 101 individual criteria statenlents on a 5 point Likert scale with a
\. point range that included the values: 1 (Strongly Disagree), 2 (Disagree), 3 (Neutral
or Undecided), 4 (Agree), 5 (Strongly Agree). Respondents also provided qualitative
data by commenting on the individual statements, or suggesting other statements they
considered important.
Eighty-two different statements or guidelines related to the successful
implementation and practice of computer-mediated online education at the
elementary level were endorsed. Response to a small number of statements differed
significantly by gender and years of experience. A new area for investigation,
namely, the role ofparents, which has received little attention in the online distance education literature, emerged from the findings. The study also identified a number of
other areas within an elementary context where additional research is necessary.
These included: (a) differences in the factors that determine learning in a distance
education setting and traditional settings, (b) elementary students' ability to function
in an online setting, (c) the role and workload of instructors, (d) the importance of
effective, timely communication with students and parents, and (e) the use of a
variety of media.


title: Elements that contribute to staff nurses' commitment to lifelong professional development

subject: Nurses--Job satisfaction.

subject: Nursing--Study and teaching (Continuing education)

abstract:
This research explored the elements that contribute to staff nurses' commitment to
lifelong professional development. This exploration has been undertaken to provide
insights into those factors that motivate individuals to continue their education for
professional development and for clinical practice improvement. This study was
conducted in an acute care hospital in Southern Ontario, and investigated the thoughts
and experiences ofhealth care staffworking within that setting.
A qualitative case study was undertaken which involved the collection of
interview, document, and class observation data. Two exemplary clinical nurse educators
and two motivated, professionally committed staffnurses were interviewed during the
study. Teaching document review and observation ofclasses involving the clinical nurse
educators were conducted to facilitate triangulation of fmdingswith data sources and
strategies. These participants provided rich data that were captured in field notes and
coded for conceptual meaning.
Emerging from the data were the identification ofthree major elements of
influence that contribute to staffnurses' commitment to lifelong professional
development. Identified within the three intersecting spheres of influence upon staff
nurses' lifelong commitment to professionalleaming were the environment, the clinical
nurse educator, and the staff nurse. This research explored the intersecting spheres of
influence and the elements within the partnership model ofprofessional education for
staff nurses.


title: Elliptical orbital studies of H21 and H2 molecules /|nS. K. Gupta. -- 260 St. Catharines, Ont. : [s. n.],

subject: Molecular orbitals.

abstract:
Calculations are performed on the \S <:Jd ground states of
d ' +
the H and HC) molecules using a basis set of non-integral
~ ~ I
elliptical orbitals. Different variational wavefunctions constructed
i- for H~ involved one parameter to three par~~eter variation.
In order to l"'educe the ntunber of parameters in most commonly
0-
used basis orbitals set, the importance of the term (,+~)
Y\ over the term ;u 'Where n is a variational pararneter and the value
of cr may be given by boundary condition or cusp condition is
outlined in Chapters II and III. It is found that the two parameter
-+ <J""'
wavefunction for H~ including the ternl (~+~) , a- given by the
bound~ condition, gives lower variational energies than any wavefunction
published to date for small and moderate internuclear
separations.
c;.
In order to find out the importance of the term (I +~ )
Y\
over ;U for the two electron problem, the variational energy is
computed for the H~ molecule from unrestricted two parameter
closed shell wavefunctions including the term U+ft)<J w11ere the
value of rr is obtained from the boundary condition in one case
and from the cusp condition in the second case.
In order to take into account in-out correlation partially,
open shell calculation for the ground state of the hydrogen molecule
for R =1.4 (equilibrium internuclear separation) is perfonaed.
The results are excellent.


title: Engineering an improved adenovirus packaging cell line

subject:
Recombinant viruses.
Adenoviruses.

abstract: Recombinant human adenovirus (Ad) vectors are being extensively explored for their use in gene therapy and recombinant vaccines. Ad vectors are attractive for many reasons, including the fact that (1) they are relatively safe, based on their use as live oral vaccines, (2) they can accept large transgene inserts, (3) they can infect dividing and postmitotic cells, and (4) they can be produced to high titers. However, there are also a number of major problems associated with Ad vectors, including transient foreign gene expression due to host cellular immune responses, problems with humoral immunity, and the creation of replication competent adenoviruses (RCA). Most Ad vectors contain deletions in the E1 region that allow for insertion of a transgene. However, the E1 gene products are required for replication and thus must be supplied in trans by a helper ceillille that will allow for the growth and packaging of the defective virus. For this purpose the 293 cell line (Graham et al., 1977) is used most often; however, homologous recombination between the vector and the cell line often results in the generation of RCA. The presence of RCA in batches of adenoviral vectors for clinical use is a safety risk because tlley . may result in the mobilization and spread of the replication-defective vector viruses, and in significant tissue damage and pathogenicity. The present research focused on the alteration of the 293 cell line such that RCA formation can be eliminated. The strategy to modify the 293 cells involved the removal of the first 380 bp of the adenovirus genome through the process of homologous recombination. The first step towards this goal involved identifying and cloning the left-end cellular-viral jUl1ction from 293 cells to assemble sequences required for homologous recombination. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to clone the junction, and the clone was verified through sequencing. The plasn1id PAM2 was then constructed, which served as the targeting cassette used to modify the 293 cells. The cassette consisted of (1) the cellular-viral junction as the left-end region of homology, (2) the neo gene to use for positive selection upon tranfection into 293 cells, (3) the adenoviral genome from bp 380 to bp 3438 as the right-end region of homology, and (4) the HSV-tk gene to use for negative selection. The plasmid PAM2 was linearized to produce a double strand break outside the region of homology, and transfected into 293 cells using the calcium-phosphate technique. Cells were first selected for their resistance to the drug G418, and subsequently for their resistance to the drug Gancyclovir (GANC). From 17 transfections, 100 pools of G418f and GANCf cells were picked using cloning lings and expanded for screening. Genomic DNA was isolated from the pools and screened for the presence of the 380 bps using PCR. Ten of the most promising pools were diluted to single cells and expanded in order to isolate homogeneous cell lines. From these, an additional 100 G41Sf and GANef foci were screened. These preliminary screening results appear promising for the detection of the desired cell line. Future work would include further cloning and purification of the promising cell lines that have potentially undergone homologous recombination, in order to isolate a homogeneous cell line of interest.


title: Engineers and technicians : the effect of cognitive style and gender on visual information processing

subject:
Human information processing.
Cognitive styles.
Visual perception.
Field dependence (Psychology)
Sex differences (Psychology)

abstract:
The purpose of this project was to identify in a subject group of engineers and
technicians (N = 62) a preferred mode of representation for facilitating correct recall of
information from complex graphics. The modes of representation were black and white
(b&w) block, b&w icon, color block, and color icon. The researcher's test instrument
included twelve complex graphics (six b&w and six color - three per mode). Each
graphics presentation was followed by two multiple-choice questions. Recall
performance was better using b&w block mode graphics and color icon mode graphics.
A standardized test, the Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT) was used to identify a
cognitive style preference (field dependence). Although engineers and technicians in the
sample were strongly field-independent, they were not significantly more
field-independent than the normative group in the Witkin, Oltman, Raskin, and Karp
study (1971). Tests were also employed to look for any significant difference in
cognitive style preference due to gender. None was found.
Implications from the project results for the design of visuals and their use in
technical training are discussed.


title: Environmental assessment and biomonitoring of the Twelve Mile Creek watershed, Niagara Peninsula, Ontario

subject: Environmental impact analysis--Ontario--Twelve Mile Creek

subject: Water--Pollution--Ontario--Twelve Mile Creek Watershed.

subject: Bivalves--Effect of water pollution on--Ontario--Twelve

abstract:
In light of the heavy reliance of the people of the Niagara Peninsula on the T\\'elve
Mile Creek (TMC) watershed for recreational activities and for municipal and industrial uses
( e.g., drinking water, shipping and discharge of effluents), it was deemed prudent to assess
the envirol1tnental health of the system by analysing the sediments total and exchangeable
metal, and TPH contents. The MOEE has set guidelines with limits for the protection and
management of aquatic sediments, and the sediments from the headwaters of the TMC have
total metal and TPH (subset of O&G) contents well below the lower provincial limits. Areas
of environmental concern where total metal contents in sediments, either individually or
collectively, exceed the guideline, are the south side of Lake Gibson, the Old WeIland Canal,
a segment of TMC just south of the QEW and Martindale Pond. The total metal content of
sediments does not in all instances identify areas of biological concern. Instead, it has been
found that the exchangeable metal fraction of sediments is a better indicator of metal
availability and thus potential accumulation in organisms. In some instances, the exchangeable
metal fraction agrees with the total metal fraction defining areas of environmental concern,
but it does vary from site to site reflecting the natural variability of the ambient environment.
Overall, the exchangeable metal fraction of sediments appears to be a better indicator of
anthropogenic pollution and ecosystem impact.
A histochemical study of Anodon.ta sp., Elliptio sp. and zebra mussels (Dreissena
polyn'101pha) was done in conjunction with passive biomonitoring of zebra and quagga
mussels (Dreissena bugensis) from the Twelve Mile Creek watershed and Lake 51. Clair
(Jeanette's Creek, Chatham, Ontario). The highest concentrations of divalent metals such as
Cu, Ni, Cd, and Zn, and trivalent Al appear to accumulate in gill and kidney tissues. Metal
contents of organ tissues in Anodonta sp. vary with size class. Organ metal content varies

among size classes, thus requiring consideration of size in biomonitoring studies. Shucked
zebra and quagga mussel tissues, exhibited similar size class to Al content trends. In addition
they reflected the Al content trends of top (approximately 10 cm) most sediments in the
Twelve Mile Creek watershed. Quagga mussels appear to have higher Al concentrations than
zebra mussels, thus suggesting that quagga mussels may be better passive biomonitors of AI.
Cd content in zebra mussel tissues, seemed to increase with size class trends. This was not
demonstrated in the quagga mussel tissues. This suggests that Cd may be regulated by quagga
mussels and not by zebra mussels, and that zebra mussels may be better passivebiomonitors
of Cd than are quagga mussels.
Zebra mussel, quagga mussel, Anodonta sp., and Elliptio sp. were used in a two part,
active (translocated) biomonitoring study of the Twelve Mile Creek watershed. There was no
statistical difference in death rates between zebra and quagga mussels after 65 days of
biomonitoring. However there does appear to be a difference of death rates between sites.
Unfortunately the data base did not permit us to differentiate between sites. Relative to Port
Colborne Harbour (Port Colborne, Ontario), the Twelve Mile Creek watershed appears to be
elevated in bioavailable AI. An area near the terminus of the Twelve Mile Creek appears to
be an area of environmental concern since mussels seemed to have accumulated relatively
large concentrations of Cd, Zn, and Pb. In addition to possible metal loading from a nearby
outfalls, or possible upstream outfalls, road salt runoff from storm sewers may have
contributed to metal accumulation through cation exchanges processes. Similar trends in
cumulative quagga mussel metal concentrations during the two time periods (65 and 159
days), suggest that quagga mussels may reach equilibrium within 65 days of translocation.
Differences in bioaccumulated metal concentrations of the two dreissenid species demonstrate
that active biomonitoring studies must use a variety of organisms to adequately assess the
environmental situation of specific waterways and/or bodies.


title: Environmental assessment of Lake Gibson sediments, water quality, and soils of the Niagara Region

subject: Environmental impact analysis--Ontario--Lake Gibson.

subject: Water--Pollution--Ontario--Lake Gibson.

subject: Water--Pollution--Ontario--Lake Gibson watershed.

abstract:
In light of the fact that literature on toxicity of heavy metals in non-acidified
freshwater systems is sparse, this project was initiated to conduct an environmental
assessment of Lake Gibson. Chemistry of soils from adjacent areas and vineyards in the
region provide a comparative background database. Water quality determinations were used
to identify and highlight areas of environmental concern within the Lake Gibson watershed.
A Shelby Corer was used to obtain 66 sediment cores from Lake Gibson. These were
sectioned according to lithology and color to yield 298 samples. A suite of 122 soil samples
was collected in the region and vicinity of Lake Gibson. All were tested for metals and
some for Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH). Evaluation of the results leads to the
following conclusions:
1. Metal concentrations ofAI, Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb, Ni, Fe and Zn in soils from the Niagara
Region are well below background limits set by the Ministry of the Environment
and Energy (MOEE) for provincial soils.
2. There is a spatial and depth difference for some of the metals within the various
soils. The Cr, Ni and Pb contents of soils vary throughout the region (p<O.05). In
addition, Pb contents tend to be highest in surficial soil samples (p<O.05), an
observation consistent with deposition by airborne particulates.
3. The Ni contents of sediments from Lake Gibson fall below the LEL (Lower Effect
Level) guideline specified by the MOEE for aquatic ecosystems.
4. All other metal contents exceed the LEL, and in some instances they also exceed
the SEL (Severe Effect Level) guideline. In this instance acute toxicity testing of
11
the sediments is required to assess impact on the aquatic biota.
5. Specifically, effluents and discharges from outfalls, roadways, railways and
industrial activities are all degrading the local ecosystem.
6. Mineral oil and greases are a major environmental concern in the sediments of
Lake Gibson. Ofthe 240 samples tested for TPH, 200 samples exceed the MOEE
Open Water Disposal Guideline of 1,500 mg/kg.
7. Four areas within Lake Gibson are especially degraded with respect to TPH. One
area is just downstream from the Old WeIland Canal divergence point and
waterfall. Other areas of concern are located just south of Beaverdams Road and
just west ofthe Ontario Hydro control pipes; south ofthe Village ofBeaverdams.
The fourth area of environmental concern and TPH impact is located between
Highway 406 and Merrittville Highway.


title: Ethics in government and business

subject:
Political ethics--Canada.
Business ethics--Canada.
Ethics--Canada.
Civil service ethics--Canada.
Conflict of interests.

abstract:
Canadians appear to hold the activities of those in
government and in big business in low esteem. Media reports
of several high-profile political and corporate instances of
unethical conduct have reinforced the public's concern for
the status of ethical conduct and honesty in government and
in big business.
The response by public and private sector managers to
unethical conduct by employees is largely in the form of
'ethical rules' which both sectors agree provide a measure
of certainty as to the ethical conduct expected from employees.
Since research on ethics in the public and private
sectors is limited and since ethics is a topic of increasing
concern to both sectors, this thesis provides data that could
assist managers in dealing with the issue of ethical conduct
within their respective organizations.
The purpose of this thesis is to compare the state of
ethical conduct within public and private sector
organizations in Canada. This is accomplished through a
description and analysis of the approaches taken by the
public and private sectors as well as the four professions of
law, engineering, accountancy and medicine. Ethical conduct
within the public sector focuses on the ethical behaviour of
public servants rather than elected officials.
The underlying intent of this thesis is to discover if
contemporary ethical problems are similar in the public and
iv
private sectors with respect to the four ethical
areas of conflict of interest, political activity,
problem
public
comment and confidentiality. The comparative data on both
public and private sector ethics are assessed and similarities
and differences are identified.
One major finding emerges from this study. Codes of
ethics in both the public and private sectors are perceived by
management to play an important role in the prevention of
unethical conduct.
A procedure for developing a code of ethics is presented
along with recommendations as to the administration of a code
of ethics. Finally, recommendations are made as to the role
of education in ethics.


title: Ethnic conflicts and international politics : an analysis of the communal regional, and global dimensions of the Cyprus problem

subject:
Social conflict--Cyprus.
Ethnic groups--Cyprus.

abstract:
The thesis assesses the impact of international factors on relations between Greek
and Turkish Cypriots during and after the Cold War. Through an analysis of the Cyprus
problem it explores both why external actors intervene in communal conflicts and how
they influence relations between ethnic groups in plural societies. The analytical
framework employed throughout the study draws on contributions of International
Relations theorists and students of ethnic conflict.
The thesis argues that, as in the global political system, relations between ethnic
groups in unranked communal systems are anarchic; that is, actors within the system do
not recognize a sovereign political authority. In bipolar communal systems dominated by
two relatively equal groups, the struggle for security and power often leads to appeals for
assistance from external actors. The framework notes that neighboring states and Great
Powers may heed calls for assistance, or intervene without a prior request, if it is in their
interest to do so. The convergence of regional and global interests in communal affairs
exacerbates ethnic conflicts and precludes the development of effective political
institutions. The impact of external intervention in ethnic conflicts has the potential to
alter the basis of communal relations.
The Cyprus problem is examined both during and after the Cold War in order to
gauge how global and regional actors and the structure of their respective systems have
affected relations between ethnic groups in Cyprus. The thesis argues that Cyprus's
descent into civil war in 1963 was due in part to the entrenchment of external interests in
the Republic's constitution. The study also notes that power politics involving the
United States, Soviet Union, Greece and Turkey continued to affect the development of
communal relations throughout the 1960s, 70s, and, 80s. External intervention
culminated in July and August 1974, after a Greek sponsored coup was answered by
Turkey's invasion and partition of Cyprus. The forced expulsion of Greek Cypriots from
the island's northern territories led to the establishment of ethnically homogeneous
zones, thus altering the context of communal relations dramatically.
The study also examines the role of the United Nations in Cyprus, noting that its
failure to settle the dispute was due in large part to a lack of cooperation from Turkey,
and the United States' and Soviet Union's acceptance of the status quo following the
1974 invasion and partition of the island. The thesis argues that the deterioration of
Greek-Turkish relations in the post-Cold War era has made a solution to the dispute
unlikely for the time being. Barring any dramatic changes in relations between
communal and regional antagonists, relations between Greek and Turkish Cypriots will
continue to develop along the lines established in July/August 1974.
The thesis concludes by affirming the validity of its core hypotheses through a
brief survey of recent works touching on international politics and ethnic conflict.
Questions requiring further research are noted as are elements of the study that require
further refinement.


title: Evaluating the Norfolk physical education program with respect to fitness-level improvement

subject: Physical education and training--Study and teaching

subject: Physical fitness--Ontario--Norfolk (County)--Curricula.

abstract:
The grades seven and eight physical education program of the
Norfolk Board of Education was evaluated with respect to fitnesslevel
improvement, an objective of the Ministry of Education for
the province of Ontario. The Canada Fitness Award battery of
fitness tests was used to measure fitness levels.
It was established that in September the students were
unfit, and in May they were fit. This indicated that the Norfolk
physical education program was effective, with respect to the
criterion used for this research.
In addition, it was discovered that fitness-level
improvement was significantly related to certain variables:
teacher qualifications, teaching experience, school, and
participation in extracurricular physical activity.
Considering the results of the research, it was recommended
that the Norfolk Board of Education hire young, qualified
physical education teachers; create the position of Physical
Education Consultant; and strive to create equitable resources
for physical education instruction, in order that the school to
which a student belongs no longer will be a determinant of
fitness improvement.


title: Evaluation of a stage II screening protocol for prostate cancer

subject:
Prostate--Cancer--Diagnosis.
Medical screening.

abstract:
In 2003, prostate cancer (PCa) is estimated to be the most commonly diagnosed
cancer and third leading cause of cancer death in Canada. During PCa population
screening, approximately 25% of patients with a normal digital rectal examination (DRE)
and intermediate serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level have PCa. Since all patients
typically undergo biopsy, it is expected that approximately 75% of these procedures are
unnecessary. The purpose of this study was to compare the degree of efficacy of clinical
tests and algorithms in stage II screening for PCa while preventing unnecessary biopsies
from occurring. The sample consisted of 201 consecutive men who were suspected of
PCa based on the results of a DRE and serum PSA. These men were referred for
venipuncture and transrectal ultrasound (TRUS). Clinical tests included TRUS, agespecific
reference range PSA (Age-PSA), prostate specific antigen density (PSAD), and
free-to-total prostate specific antigen ratio (%fPSA). Clinical results were evaluated
individually and within algorithms. Cutoffs of 0.12 and 0.15 ng/ml/cc were employed for
PSAD. Cutoffs that would provide a minimum sensitivity of 0.90 and 0.95, respectively
were utilized for %fPSA. Statistical analysis included ROC curve analysis, calculated
sensitivity (Sens), specificity (Spec), and positive likelihood ratio (LR), with
corresponding confidence intervals (Cl). The %fPSA, at a 23% cutoff ({ Sens=0.92; CI,
0.06}, {Spec=0.4l; CI, 0.09}, {LR=1.56; CI, O.ll}), proved to be the most efficacious
independent clinical test. The combination of PSAD (cutoff 0.15 ng/ml/cc) and %fPSA
(cutoff 23%) ({Sens=0.93; CI, 0.06}, {Spec=0.38; CI, 0.08}, {LR=1.50; CI, 0.10}) was
the most efficacious clinical algorithm. This study advocates the use of %fPSA at a
cutoff of 23% when screening patients with an intermediate serum PSA and benign DRE.


title: Evaluation of self-esteem before and after preceptorship experience for student nurses

subject:
Nursing--Psychological aspects.
Nursing students--Psychology.
Nurses--Job satisfaction.
Self-confidence.

abstract:
seventy-eight diploma nursing students participated
(from a class of 112 students) in completing the Coopersmith
Self-Esteem Inventory administered by mailed questionnaire
before and at the end of the preceptorship. Also a rating
form was completed by 70 preceptors to determine how the
observed level of self-confidence compared to self-reported
self-esteem at the end of the preceptorship program. As
well, four preceptors and five preceptees completed weekly
diaries and six preceptors and six preceptees participated
in weekly phone interviews with the investigator.
Overall, self-esteem went up after the preceptorship.
A comparison was made between the pretest and posttest using
the t-test (dependent paired samples). Significant
difference (p=.05) was demonstrated.
Self-confidence ratings by preceptors were inaccurate
as they had no relation to the self-reported self-esteem
level of students. The diaries and interviews of preceptors
and preceptees were a rich source of data as well.


title: Examining experiences that develop responsivity in practitioners

subject: Teaching.

subject: Physical education and training--Study and teaching.

abstract:
This thesis has been produced to meet the requirements
of Brock University's Masters of Education program. It is
the result of many peoples' reflections on and beliefs about
the act of teaching in today's world.
This manuscript is intended to provide the reader with
an engaged interpretation of the dynamic field of teaching.
In recognizing the ever-changing demands of the profession,
this paper serves to provide the reader with a gathering of
strategies or paradigm of action which an educator may
employ to respond to the demands of his/her complex
vocation. This gathering of strategies represents the
phenomenon I have examined throughout this study:
responsivity. What is it? Is it important for a practitioner
to develop? If so, how can it be developed?
In no way is this an "answer book" for teachers to
adhere to. It is a collection of thoughts and ideas from an
array of "insiders" who have experienced the phenomenon of
responsivity. It will not provide the reader with immediate
answers. What it will offer the reader is a deeper
understanding of the related issues and concerns surrounding
responsivity.


title: Exchange energy calculation of He-He with supermolecular one-matrix

subject:
Matrices.
Molecules.
Electrons.
Monte Carlo method.
He-He system.
HONDO (Computer program)

abstract:
Exch~nge energy of the He-He system is calculated using
the one-density matrix which has been modified according to
the supermolecular density formula quoted by Kolos. The exchange
energy integrals are computed analytically and by the
Monte Carlo method. The results obtained from both ways compared
favourably,with the results obtained from the SCF program
HONDO


title: Exchange reactions of organic halides and organo-silicon compounds with boron tribromide and boron triiodide

subject:
Halides.
Boron compounds.
Silicon compounds.
Boron bromide.
Boron iodides.

abstract:
Reactions of the boron halides with organic halides
and organo-silicon compounds have been investigated. The
results show exchange of halogens between the BX3 (X = Br# 1)
and the organic halidef exchange of the halogen of the C-X
bond being proved. The rates of halogen exchange vary.
Reaction of the heavier halides with organo-silicon compounds
indicated that the silicon-carbon bonds ruptured in the
absence of electronegative atom attached to the silicon. The
presence of an electronegative atom (halogen or oxygen)
attached to the silicon causes the bond between the silicon
and the electronegative atom to be preferentially broken.
Products of exchange reactions of the boron halides and the
organic halides or the organo-silicon compounds were studied
by use of 1H NMR and GC/MS. From these results some possible
mechanisms for the exchange reactions are postulated, but
further work is indicated to prove the real courses of the
reactions


title: Experiential learning instruments : an examination of the concept of the instrumental approach in experiential learning

subject:
Experiential learning.
Learning by discovery.

abstract:
Experiential Learning Instruments (ELls) are employed to modify the
leamer's apprehension and / or comprehension in experiential learning
situations, thereby improving the efficiency and effectiveness of those
modalities in the learning process. They involve the learner in reciprocally
interactive and determining transactions with his/her environment.
Experiential Learning Instruments are used to keep experiential learning a
process rather than an object. Their use is aimed at the continual refinement of
the learner's knowledge and skill. Learning happens as the leamer's
awareness, directed by the use of Ells, comes to experience, monitor and then
use experiential feedback from living situations in a way that facilitates
knmvledge/skill acquisition, self-correction and refinement.
The thesis examined the literature relevant to the establishing of a
theoretical experiential learning framework within which ELls can be
understood. This framework included the concept that some learnings have
intrinsic value-knowledge of necessary information-while others have
instrumental value-knowledge of how to learn. The Kolb Learning Cycle
and Kolb's six characteristics of experiential learning were used in analyzing
three ELls from different fields of learning-saxophone tone production,
body building and interpersonal communications.
The ELls were examined to determine their learning objectives and
how they work using experiential learning situations. It was noted that ELls
do not transmit information but assist the learner in attending to and
comprehending aspects of personal experience. Their function is to telescope
the experiential learning process.


title: Explicit versus implicit spelling strategy instruction and its effects on grade one children's invented spellings

subject: English language--Orthography and spelling--Study and

subject: First grade (Education)

subject: Education, Primary.

abstract:
The intent of this study was to investigate .the
effectiveness of teaching thirty-five Grade One children
a variety of effective spelling strategies in comparison
to tradit~onal spelling instruction. Strategy
instruction included training in phonology, imagery and
analogy. In addition, the type of instruction pro~ided
(implicit versus explicit) was also examined. Children
were seen in small groups of four or five, for four,
twenty-five minute sessions. All children were tested
prior and immediately following the training sessions,
as well as at 14-day follow-ups. Pretest and posttest
measures included a dictated spelling test (based on
words used in training), a developmental spelling test
and a sample of each child's writing. In addition,
children completed a metacognitive spelling test as a
measure of their strategy awareness. Performance scores
on the pretest and posttest measures were compared to
determine if any differences existed between the three
spelling instruction groups using the Dunn-Bonferroni
and Dunnett procedures. Findings revealed that
explicit strategy instruction was the most effective
spelling program for improving Grade One children's
invented spellings. Children who received this
instruction were able to spell targeted words more
accurately, even after a 14-day follow-up, and were able to recall more effective spelling strategies than
children who received either implicit strategy
instruction or traditional strategy instruction.


title: Exploring teachers' use of multiple intelligences with elementary-aged exceptional students

subject:
Intelligence levels.
Gifted children--Education.

abstract:
The purpose ofthis qualitative study was to explore teachers' reflections on Multiple
Intelligences theory and the processes they engage in when using the theory with
elementary-aged exceptional students. FOllr public school teachers took part in the study.
An introductory observation visit, semistructured in-depth interviews, field notes, and
teachers' own written reflections served as data sources. Content-analysis was applied to
review the data for thenles related to the research topic.
The findings indicated several benefits of using Multiple Intelligences. This tlleory
appeared to affect teachers' views of exceptionalleamers, directing the teachers' fOClIS to
the students' potentials. It also seemed to have value for assisting teachers in planning an
inclusive approacll, enhancing exceptional students' self-esteem, developing
nletacognition, and prolTIoting cognitive engagement. Finally, the findings suggest that
Multiple Intelligences has inlplications for teachers' professional development to reach a
more diverse range of students.


title: Exploring the effects of change on nursing practice in acute ambulatory care settings : a qualitative study

subject:
Ambulatory medical care.
Nursing.

abstract:
As a result of the current changes taking place in the delivery of acute
care services, the emergence of acute ambulatory care (AAC) settings is
expanding. According to a literature review, the volume, acuity, and complexity
of patient care in these settings is increasing while the time the patients spend
under the care of nurses is decreasing. Two forces, hospital downsizing and
advancing technology, are identified as the major contributors to the shift in
acute care delivery. The effects that these changes are having on the clinical
nursing practice of registered nurses working in AAC settings are not known.
Given that AAC settings are rapidly expanding, it can be anticipated that
the delivery of nursing care will continue to be compressed into a shorter time
frame. Therefore, the following qualitative research question was formulated:
What are the problems and issues related to clinical nursing practice in acute
ambulatory settings? The purpose of this study was to explore the problems and
issues associated with change and clinical nursing practice including the
educational needs of nurses working in MC settings. Specific objectives of the
study included the following: (a) to explore the problems and issues related to
nursing practice in select AAC settings; (b) to explore the similarities and
differences in perspectives related to role expectation between nurse managers,
nurse educators, and staff nurses; and (c) to develop a conceptual framework
that will guide the construction of an instrument needed for further research.
This study used semistructured individual interviews and focus group sessions to collect data from the three categories of registered nurses. More
specifically, data were collected from one nurse manager, two charge nurses,
two nurse educators and fifteen staff nurses, working in three different MC
settings of a major teaching hospital. Collected data were separately analyzed
by the researcher and an external rater following grounded theory methodology.
By using open and axial coding, the problems and issues identified by nurses
were grouped into several major and minor themes. In final analysis, by using
selective coding, the four core themes (intensification, moderation, frustration,
and adaptation) were extracted. Each core theme was presented and discussed
in relation to hospital downsizing and advancing technology. The relationships
among the four core themes were discussed and depicted in a model termed the
"Impact and Consequence Model on Nursing Practice in MC Settings."
Implications for further research are discussed and research hypotheses, based
on the research findings, are presented.


title: Exploring the experience of the pioneers of change

subject:
Paradigms (Social sciences)
Organizational change.
Experience.
Pioneers.
Change.

abstract:
The world of work with Western society appears to be undergoing a major
change. The literature has described this phenomenon as a change from an industrialbased
economy to a knowledge-based economy. This change will represent a
complete transformation of the world of work; some suggest that everything we have
come to accept and know as normal will change.
Our present society seems to be in a period of transition. It is a time with many
challenges and problems, many of which cannot be solved with thinking patterns from
an old industrial-based economy. A fundamental shift in thinking patterns consistent
with a new emerging world of work must take place. This change in thinking represents
a fundmental shift from traditional and linear ways of seeing the world (worldview), to
more holistic ways of seeing the world.
In this investigation the word paradigm was used to define how people see their
world. A paradigm shift is defined as a change in how a person sees their world: a
change from an old to new or different way of viewing the world. Those individuals who
are the first to shift their paradigm are called paradigm pioneers. These individuals do
not only shift their ways of seeing the world, but they also begin to act and behave in
ways consistent with the new paradigm.
Thus far the research literature has adequately described the concepts of
paradigms and paradigm shifts. However, little is known regarding how people actually
and eventually make a shift. As it will be important for each individual to make a
personal paradigm shift, then it will be extremely valuable to learn more about the process itself.
The purpose of this investigation was to explore these issues in more detail and
specifically, describe the experience of paradigm shifts and explore the experience of
paradigm pioneers. A qualitative research methodology involving in-depth interviews
was used to investigate the experiences of four participants identified as paradigm
pioneers.
It is interesting to note that the participants in this study did not describe an allencompassing
paradigm shift. In fact, each participant, defined a paradigm shift in
several different ways. They did relate several examples of paradigm shifts. However,
even among these examples, there was a high degree of variability.
The findings of this investigation centered upon the participants' experience as
pioneers. Each pioneer shared many of the same qualities, the first quality of which
described how these pioneers dealt with change. I called this a change-sense quality.
The pioneers viewed change in an open and positive manner, and were also aware of
change taking place in their world. Finally, they displayed an understanding of change,
and a bias to take positive action in the face it. The participants also shared an inner
quality. The four pioneers demonstrated a personal purpose and vision, and were selfdirected
individuals. They also had an innate curiosity which translated into a love of
learning. They also displayed a quality where relationships with others were highly
valued. Relationships were important to the pioneers because they played a support
role to help them deal with the challenges of being a pioneer. Pioneers also valued
relationships because, they relied on others to make change happen.
The above mentioned qualities enabled pioneers to be effective in a changing world of work. The findings from this investigation have many implications for research
and practice. First, the concept of paradigms and paradigm shifts must be further
researched. A great deal more must be learned in order to better understand the kind
of shift individuals must make to be effective in the new world of work. Second, the
qualities displayed by pioneers are important for all members of the world of work to
develop. The qualities shared by pioneers appeared to represent an enduring set of
traits that can possibly help individuals deal more positively with uncertainty and rapid
change taking place in today's North American world of work.


title: Exploring the impact of a hands-on intervention on grade 7 girls and their feelings about self, mathematics, science, technology and related careers

subject: Women--Education (Elementary)--Ontario--Toronto.

subject: Seventh grade (Education)

subject: School children--Ontario--Toronto.

subject: Women--Vocational guidance--Ontario--Toronto.

abstract:
Forty-five 12- and 13-year-old females attending Grade
7 in North York, Ontario were randomly selected from a group
of 100 females who had volunteered to participate in a oneday
hands-on workshop called It's Your Choice at Seneca
College. The goals of this intervention were to broaden the
career horizons of these students and to help them realize
the need to continue mathematics and science through high
school in order to keep occupational options unlimited. The
young women were given a pre- and post-attitude survey to
provide background information. In the month following
participation in the workshop the students were interviewed
in small groups (S students per group) to discover their
perceptions of the impact of the workshop. The interviews
revealed that participants felt that after the workshop
their feelings of self-confidence increased, specifically
with respect to working with their hands. Participants felt
more aware of the usefulness and importance of the study of
mathematics, science and technology, They also felt that
It's Your Choice increased their interest in careers in
these domains and helped them to see that these careers are
viable choices for females. The interviews also revealed
that many of the participants felt that in this society
their roles and their choices were influenced and probably
limited by the fact that they are female.


title: Exploring the potential of early identification and intervention within a college of applied arts

abstract:
This study probed for an answer to the question, "How
do you identify as early as possible those students who are
at risk of failing or dropping out of college so that
intervention can take place?" by field testing two
diagnostic instruments with a group of first semester Seneca
College Computer Studies students.
In some respects, the research approach was such as
might be taken in a pilot study. Because of the complexity
of the issue, this study did not attempt to go beyond
discovery, understanding and description. Although some
inferences may be drawn from the results of the study, no
attempt was made to establish any causal relationship
between or among the factors or variables represented here.
Both quantitative and qualitative data were gathered during.
four resea~ch phases: background, early identification,
intervention, and evaluation.
To gain a better understanding of the problem of
student attrition within the School of Computer Studies at
Seneca College, several methods were used, including
retrospective analysis of enrollment statistics, faculty and
student interviews and questionnaires, and tracking of the
sample population. The significance of the problem was
confirmed by the results of this study. The findings
further confirmed the importance of the role of faculty in
student retention and support the need to improve the quality of teacher/student interaction. As well, the need
__f or ~~ills as~e:ss_~ent foll,,-~ed }JY supportiv e_c_ounsell~_I'l9_ ~~d_ __
placement was supported by the findings from this study.
strategies for reducing student attrition were identified by
faculty and students.
As part of this study, a project referred to as "A
Student Alert project" (ASAP) was undertaken at the School
of Computer Studies at Seneca College. Two commercial
diagnostic instruments, the Noel/Levitz College Student
Inventory (CSI) and the Learning and Study Strategies
Inventory (LASSI), provided quantitative data which were
subsequently analyzed in Phase 4 in order to assess their
usefulness as early identification tools. The findings show
some support for using these instruments in a two-stage
approach to early identification and intervention: the CSI
as an early identification instrument and the LASSI as a
counselling tool for those students who have been identified
as being at risk.
The findings from the preliminary attempts at
intervention confirmed the need for a structured student
advisement program where faculty are selected, trained, and
recognized for their advisor role. Based on the finding
that very few students acted on the diagnostic results and
recommendations, the need for institutional intervention by
way of intrusive measures was confirmed.


title: Exploring the relationship between professional and organizational commitment : the attitudes of Ontario chartered accountancy students

subject:
Accountants--Professional ethics.
Accounting--Study and teaching.

abstract:
This study was undertaken to investigate the attitudes of chartered accountancy (CA) students
toward professional commitment and organizational commitment. The focus of the study was to
discover if a relationship between these two constructs existed and determine which situational and
individual characteristics facilitate or impede commitment. The sample included those CA
students who wrote the 1995 UFE (n=423). Four instruments were used for data collection: Job
Diagnostic Survey, Organizational Commitment Questionnaire, Career Commitment
Questionnaire, Career Facilitation Survey, and individual demographic inquiry. The study found a
significant relationship between professional commitment and organizational commitment.
Situational characteristics tended to influence organizational commitment, while individual
characteristics more often governed professional commitment. Specific satisfactions, general
satisfaction, growth satisfaction, and satisfaction with compensation, co-workers, and supervision
were found to facilitate organizational commitment. Organizational commitment was also
influenced by supplemental job characteristics, internal work motivation, career facilitation, and
autonomy. Implications for practice involved the cooperation and collaboration of the governing
body for the CA profession and the CA firms in activities addressing pertinent issues that influence
commitment. Implications for future research were also discussed.


title: Facilitating self-directed learning: the nurse educators' perspective

subject: Adult learning.

subject: Nursing--Study and teaching (Continuing education)

abstract:
The concept of self-directed learning was examined from the nurse
educators' perspective. One structured interview, lasting between
one and one-and-a half hours, was conducted with each of 14 nurse
educators in two community college continuing education programs
in nursing. One community college program encourages selfdirected
learning; the other encourages self-study and active
participation in the teaching/learning process. All 14 interviews
were tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Verbatim transcripts
were analyzed for themes, patterns, and relationships utilizing
analyst-constructed typologies. six prerequisites or necessary
conditions for facilitating self-directed learning in a community
college continuing education program in nursing were identified.
~he crucial issue in facilitating self-directed learning was found
to be the issue of teacher-control.


title: Factors affecting DNA uptake by mammalian cells

subject:
Nucleotide sequence.
Cells.

abstract:
The ability to introduce DNA and express custom DNA sequences in bacteria
opened the door for improvements in a large number of fields including agriculture,
pharmacology, medicine, nutrition, etc. The ability to introduce foreign DNA sequences
into mammalian cells in an efficient manner would have a large impact on therapeutic
applications especially gene therapy. The methods in use today suffer from low
efficiencies and sometimes toxicity. In this work a number of factors were evaluated for
their effect onONA uptake efficiency.
The factors studied included exposure to sublethal concentration of hydrogen
peroxide which have been show to lead to destabilisation ofthe lysosomes. These
exposures have proven to be very toxic to cells when combined with either the calcium
phosphate or the lipofectAMINE® transfection methods. Another factor evaluated was
exposure to Electro-Magnetic Fields (EMF). This was fuelled by the fact that EMF have
been shown to mediate a number of effects on cell structure and/or physiology. EMF
exposure by itself was not sufficient to induce the cells to pick up the DNA, therefore its
effect on calcium phosphate and lipofectAMINE® was tested. Although some positive
results were obtained, the variability of these results exceeded by far any observed
enhancements which discouraged any further work on EMF. Also tested was the possible
effect the presence of the cytomegalovirus (CMV) sequence might have on DNA uptake
(based on previous results in this lab). It was found that the presence ofCMV in the DNA
sequence does not enhance uptake or slow down degradation of the internalised DNA.
The final factor tested was the effect of basic amino acids on transfection efficiency. It
was found that arginine can enhance DNA uptake by about 170% v/ith calcium
phosphate and about 200% with LipofectAMINE®. A model was proposed to explain
the effect of arginine as well as the lack of effect from other amino acids.


title: Factors affecting treatment decision making for women with breast cancer

subject:
Breast--Cancer--Treatment.
Breast--Cancer--Psychological aspects.

abstract:
This study examined the factors affecting treatment
decision making for young women with early stage breast
cancer. Thirty women, aged 35 to 52 years, were presented
information about two equally effective chemotherapy
treatments following surgery for breast cancer using an
educational instrument called a "decision board." Although
equally effective, the treatments differ with regards to
side effects and treatment schedule. The purpose of this
research was to investigate what factors affect the
decision-making process. Following administration of the
decision board, women were given a take-home version to
review and asked to return one to two weeks later with a
decision, at which time they completed a questionnaire.
theoretical framework for this study was constructed from
the literature on self-directed learning and critical
thinking.
The
Overall, the factors rated most important to the
treatment decision were related to quality of life, side
effects, and length of treatment. Five factors were found
to be rated significantly different by the women who chose
one treatment versus the other in terms of importance to
their decision. These were side effects in general,
vomiting, hair loss, family role, and the number of trips to
the cancer centre required for treatment.Implications and recommendations for patient education,
research, and practice evolved from the findings of this
study.


title: Factors influencing the seasonal changes in primary productivity of the photosynthetic bacteria of Crawford Lake, Ontario

subject: Photosynthetic bacteria.

subject: Primary productivity (Biology)--Ontario--Crawford Lake.

abstract:
A naturally occurring population of photosynthetic bacteria,
located in the meromictic Crawford Lake, was examined during two
field seasons (1979-1981). Primary production, biomass, light
intensity, lake transparency, pH and bicarbonate concentration were
all monitored during this period at selected time intervals.
Analysis of the data indicated that (l4C) bacterial photosynthesis
was potentially limited by the ambient bicarbonate
concentration. Once a threshold value (of 270 mg/l) was reached a
dramatic (2 to 10 fold) increase in the primary productivity of the
bacteria was observed. Light intensity appeared to have very little
effect on the primary productivity of the bacteria, even at times
when analyses by Parkin and Brock (1980a) suggested that light
intensity could be limiting (i.e., 3.0-5.0 ft. candles). Shifts
in the absorption maxima at 430 nrn of the .bacteriochlorophyll
spectrum suggested that changes in the species or strain
composition of the photosynthetic bacteria had occurred during the
summer months. It was speculated that these changes might reflect
seasonal variation in the wavelength of light reaching the bacteria.
Chemocline erosion did not have the same effect on the population
size (biomass) of the photosynthetic bacteria in Crawford Lake
(this thesis) as it did in Pink Lake (Dickman, 1979). In Crawford
Lake the depth of the chemocline was lowered with no apparent loss
in biomass (according to bacteriochlorophyll data). A reverse
current was. proposed to explain the observation.
The photosynthetic bacteria contributed a significant
proportion (10-60%) of the lake1s primary productivitya Direct
evidence was obtained with (14C) labelling of the photosynthetic
bacteria, indica.ting that the zooplankton were grazing the photosynthetic
bacteria. This indicated that some of the photosynthetic
bacterial productivity was assimilated into the food chain of the
lake. Therefore, it was concluded that the photosynthetic bacteria
made a significant contribution to the total productivity of
Crawford Lake.


title: Far-infrared optical properties of the heavy fermion superconductor UB[E13]

subject:
Fermions.
Heavy particles (Nuclear physics)
Superconductors.
Infrared spectroscopy.

abstract:
Temperature dependent resistivity, p, magnetic susceptibility, X, and far-infrared reflectance
measurements were made on the low Tc superconductor UBe13. Two variants
of UBe13 have been proposed, named 'L'- (for low Tc ) and 'H'-type (for high Tc ). Low
temperature resistivity measurements confirmed that our sample was of H-type and that
the transition temperature was at 0.9 K. This was further confirmed with the observation
of this transition in the AC-susceptibility. Low temperature reflectance measurements
showed a decrease in the reflectivity as the temperature is lowered from 300 to 10 K,
which is in qualitative agreement with the increasing resistivity in this temperature range
as temperature is lowered. No dramatic change in the reflectivity was observed between
10 and 0.75 K. A further decrease of the reflectance was observed for the temperature
of 0.5 K. The calculated optical conductivity shows a broad minimum near 80 cm-1
below 45 K. Above 45 K the conductivity is relatively featureless. As the temperature
is lowered, the optical conductivity decreases. The frequency dependent scattering rate
was found to be flat for temperatures between 300 and 45 K. The development of a
peak, at around 70 cm-1 was found for temperatures of 45 K and below. This peak has
been associated with the energy at which the transition to a coherent state occurs from
single impurity scattering in other heavy fermion systems. The frequency dependent
mass enhancement coefficient was found to increase at low frequencies as the frequency
decreases. Its' magnitude as frequency approaches zero also increased as the temperature
decreased.


title: Far infrared spectroscopy of heavy fermion superconductor CeCoIn5

subject: Fermions.

subject: Heavy particles (Nuclear physics)

subject: Superconductors.

subject: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

subject: Far infrared lasers.

abstract:
The optical response to far infrared radiation has been measured on a mosaic of heavy
fermion CeColnssingle crystals. The superconducting transition temperature of the crystals
has been determined by van der Pauw resistivity and ac-susceptibility measurements
as Tc = 2.3 K. The optical measurements were taken above and below the transition
temperature using a 3He cryostat and step and integrate Martin-Puplett type polarizing
interferometer.
The absolute reflectance of the heavy fermion CeColns in the superconducting state
in range (0, 100)cm-1 was calculated from the measured thermal reflectance, using the
normal state data of Singley et al and a low frequency extrapolation for a metallic material
in the Hagen-Rubens regime. By means of Kramers-Kronig analysis the absolute
reflectance was used to calculate the optical conductivity of the sample.
The real part of the calculated complex conductivity 0-(w) ofCeColns indicates a
possible opening of an energy gap close to 50 em-I.


title: Fast atom bombardment and electron impact mass spectrometry studies of some aryltin compounds and ferrocenes

subject:
Mass spectrometry.
Electron impact ionization.
Tin compounds.
Ferrocene.

abstract:
Both El MS and FAB MS behavior of two groups of compounds, aryltin and
ferrocene compounds, have been studied.
For the aryltin compounds, the effect of substituent group position, substituent
group type and ligand type on the El spectra have been explored in the El MS studies.
The fragmentation mechanism has been investigated under El with linked scans, such as
fragment ion scans(BJE), parent ion scans(B2JE) and constant neutral radical loss
scans(B2(1-E)JE2). In the FAB MS studies, matrix optimization experiments have been
carried out. The positive ion FAB MS studies focused on the effect of substituent group
position, substituent group type and ligand type on the spectra. The fragmentation
mechanisms of all the samples under positive ion FAB have been studied by means of the
linked scans. The CA positive ion FAB fragmentation studies were also carried out for a
typical sample. Negative ion FAB experiments of all the compounds have been done.
And finally, the comparison of the El MS and FAB MS has been made.
For ferrocenes, the studies concentrated on the fragmentation mechanism of each
compound under El with linked scan techniques in the first field-free region and the
applicability of positive/negative ion FAB MS to this group of compounds. The
fragmentation mechanisms under positive ion FAB of those ferrocenes which can give
positive ion FAB MS spectra were studied with the linked scan techniques. The CA +ve
F AB fragmentation studies were carried out for a typical sample. Comparison of the E1
MS and FAB MS has been made.


title: Fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry of the coordination complexes of the ligand 5, 5, 7, 12, 12, 14- hexamenthyl-1, 4, 8, 11-tetraazacycloteradecane

subject:
Mass spectrometry.
Ligands.
Coordination compounds.

abstract:
A number of metal complexes containing the ligand
5,5,7,12,12,14-hexamethyl-l,4,8,11-tetra-azatetradecane were
synthesized and analyzed using electron impact (EI) and fast atom
bombardment (FAB). The FAB mass spectra were obtained in
positive and negative ion mode. FAB in the positive ion mode
proved to be the most successful technique for the identification
of these compounds. In the majority of cases the spectra
obtained using positive ion FAB were structurally informative,
although not all showed molecular (M+) or quasimolecular ([M+H]+)
ions. The fragmentations observed were characteristic of the
ligands, and were interpreted based on the chemistry of these
compounds.


title: Fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry studies of ruthenium (II) polypyridy coordination complexes and of group V Triptycenes and related complexes

subject:
Mass spectrometry.
Ruthenium.
Coordination compounds.

abstract:
In order to investigate the use of Fast Atom
Bombardment Mass Spectrometry (FAB-MS) as a tool for
structural characterization, two groups of complexes are
analyzed. The first group is a set of ruthenium(II)
coordination complexes containing bidentate polypyridyl
ligands. The positive and negative ion FAB-MS spectra are
found to be sufficient to allow for an almost complete
characterization of the central metal atom, the ligands and
the counter anions contained in the intact complex. An
unusual observation of mUltiply charged ions in the positive
ion FAB-MS spectra (i.e. [RUL 3 ]2+) is explained to be as a
result of the oxidative quenching of the excited state of
the doubly charged ion by the matrix, 3-nitrobenzyl alcohol.
An analysis of a mixture shows that the technique is a good
one for identifying components therein.
A group of triptycene and related complexes
containing Group V elements is also analyzed by FAB-MS and
the results. in terms of relative abundances of fragment
ions, are found to be consistent with known metal-carbon
bond strengths.


title: Feeding rates, parental investment, and brood reduction in Caspian terns (Sterna caspia)

subject: Terns.

subject: Caspian tern.

subject: Birds--Behavior--Ontario--South Limestone Islands.

abstract:
Fresh egg-weights and feeding rates to chicks were related to chick
survival as one means of quantifying apportionment of parental investment
wi thin broods of Caspian Terns (SterDI casRla) at a colony in
Georgian Bay. Lake Huron, during 1978 and 1979. Ftrst-laid eggs from
2-egg clutches were Significantly heavier and usually hatched one to
three days earlier than second-laid eggs in both years of the study.
In both years, first-hatched chicks were larger and generally
better fed than second-hatched siblings. The disparity between feedIng
rates of first- and second-hatched ehicks was greater in 1979.
Brood feeding I rates correlated positively with the percentage of food
fed to the least-fed sibUng through the period of B-chick ages zero
to 10 days in 1978. I suggest that after this age period, parental
control over whlcb cbick was fed diminished. In 1978, 10 of 16 secondhatched
chicks were fed more than their older siblings during their
first 5 days. 'lb.is is interpreted as a parental response to reduce
the competitive advantage of the larger first-hatched chicks.
Most chick losses were apparently caused by starvation or preda.
tion. In 1979, seeorvl-hatched chick disappearance (due to predation)
was -related to low feeding rates, whereas first-hatched chick disappearance
was related to low fresh egg-weights.. First-hatched chicks
survived better than second-hatched chicks both years, and more pairs
fledged two chicks in 1978. Maximum estimated feeding rates at the
nest and fledging ages suggested that food was more avatlable in 1978
than in 1979.
In 1979, second eggs apparently functioned as "insurance" eggs.
When the first-laid egg falled to hatch, or the first-hatched chick
died, the second-hatched chick was often successfully fledged. When
first-hatched chicks survived, the second-hatched chick usually starved
or was preyed upon, reducing the brood to one chick.
Parental investment patterns favored first-hatched chicks. Brood
reduction, when employed, discouraged total nest failure, however, under
appropriate conditions, brood reduction was avoided and full broods
(or two chicks) were fledged.


title: Fimbriae of coprinus cinereus, schizophyllum commune and ustilago violacea = structural aspects and a role in conjugation

subject:
Phi (Microbiology)
Coprinus, cinereus.
Schizophyllum commune.
Ustilago violacea.
Conjugation (Biology)

abstract:
Surface fibrils (fimbriae) have been observed on fungi from every major
group. Fimbriae are thought to be involved in the following cell to cell
interactions: conjugation, flocculation and adhesion. Several higher fungi
exibit two other types of interactions: hyphal fusion (anastomosis) and
clamp connection formation. As a prelude to examining the role of
fimbriae in these processes, the fimbriae of two fungi that undergo these
fusion events were examined.
Electron microscopy studies revealed that Coprinus cinereus and
Schizophyllum commune are fimbriated. C. cinereus fimbriae were 5 nm
in diameter and 0.5 to 20 11m in length. Fimbriae of C. cinereus oidia were
more numerous and longer than those of the hyphal stage. S. commune
fimbriae were also 5 nm in diameter, but were only 0.5 to 2 11m in length.
There was an unequal distribution of fimbriae on the hyphal surfaces of S.
commune . Fimbriae were sparsely distributed over the entire hyphal
surface, with higher densities of fibrils present on the side growths of the
hyphae found in the older sections of the mycelium.
Antiserum raised against Ustilago violacea fimbrial protein (AU) crossreacted
strongly with 37 and 39 kd C. cinereus mycelial proteins. In
contrast, AU bound very weakly to 89 and 92 kd S. commune mycelial
proteins. Since AU cross-reacted poorly with S. commune fimbrial
proteins, it was impossible to further characterize the fimbriae of this
specIes. The 37 and 39 kd C. cinereus proteins, were isolated by
electroelution and were shown to be able to form fibrils the same diameter
as oidial fimbriae. The 37 kd protein was shown to be composed of several
proteins with isoelectric points ranging from pH 6.1 to 7.63. Furthermore,
the 37 kd protein was found to be multimeric, while the 39 kd protein was
not. These results strongly suggested that the 37 kd protein is the
structural fimbrial protein of C. cine reus .
Finally, a series of experiments were designed to determine whether
fimbriae are required for conjugation in U. violacea Conjugation was
inhibited significantly with AU, but not with pre-immune serum or AU
preincubated with purified fimbrial protein. Thus, it was concluded that
fimbriae play a central role in mating in this organism.


title: Fluorometric monitoring of the properties of proteins entrapped in sol-gel derived matrices

subject: Fluorimetry. Proteins. Colloids.

abstract:
The successful development of stable biosensors incorporating entrapped proteins
suffers from poor understanding of the properties of the entrapped biomolecules. This
thesis reports on the use of fluorescence spectroscopy to investigate the properties of
proteins entrapped in sol-gel processed silicate materials. Two different single tryptophan
(Trp) proteins were investigated in this thesis, the Ca2
+ binding protein cod III
parvalbumin (C3P) and the salicylate binding protein human serum albumin (HSA).
Furthermore, the reactive single cysteine (Cys) residue within C3P and HSA were labelled
with the probes iodoacetoxynitrobenzoxadiazole (C3P) and acrylodan (C3P and HSA) to
further examine the structure, stability and function of the free and entrapped proteins.
The results show that both C3P and HSA can be successfully entrapped into sol-gelderived
matrices with retention of function and conformational flexibility.


title: Forsaking all others: towards a new model of nationalism utilizing the case study of former Yugoslavia

subject: Nationalism--Yugoslavia--Case studies.

abstract:
Many people would like to believe that nationalism is a thing of the past, a
dinosaur belonging to some bygone, uncivilized era. Such a belief is not borne out
by recent history, however. Nationalism occupies the political forum with as much
force as ever. Yet, in many ways, it remains a mystery to us. The purpose of this
study is to explore individual motivations involved in the rise of nationalism, in
addition to the role of structural factors. The linkage employed in this exploration
is the psychosocial phenomenon of self-identity, including emotions and self-esteem.
We demonstrate how individual, socially-constructed self-identity accounts for why
some people embrace nationalism while others eschew it. The methodology employed
was theoretical and historical analyses of secondary sources and indepth interviews
with subjects who had some connection with former Yugoslavia, the country utilized
to test the new model. Our analyses yielded the result that current
conceptualizations of nationalism from an exclusively macro or micro perspective are
unsatisfactory; we require a more comprehensive approach wherein the two
perspectives are integrated. Such an integration necessitates a bridge: hence, our
new model, which rests on the psychosocial premise, offers a more useful conceptual
tool for the understanding of nationalism. We conclude that nationalism is first and
foremost a matter relating to individual social self-identity which takes place within
a particular context where oppositional forces emerge from structural factors and our
membership in a particular group becomes paramount.


title: For the love of a barking lady: an exploration of mental illness in the light of Max Scheler's "Invisible person"

subject:
Mental illness.
Personalism.


title: For whom the cruiser rolls: a retrospective analysis of factors relating to recidivism in a sample of graduates from a court-ordered alcohol education and awareness program

subject: Recidivism--Ontario--Halton (Regional municipality).

subject: Drunk driving--Ontario--Halton (Regional municipality).

subject: Alcoholism and crime--Ontario--Halton (Regional

abstract:
This study investigated, retrospectively, whether recidivism
in a sample of court-ordered'graduates of an alcohol
education and awareness program could be predicted. This
alcohol education program was based on adult education
principles and was philosophically akin to the thoughts of
Drs. Jack Mezirow, Stephen Brookfield, and Patricia Cranton.
Data on the sample of 214 Halton IDEA (Impaired Driver
Education and Awareness) graduates were entered into a
spread sheet. Descriptive statistics were generated. Each
of the 214 program graduates had taken several tests during
the course of the IDEA program. These tests measured
knowledge, attitude about impaired driving, and degree of
alcohol involvement. Test scores were analyzed to determine
whether those IDEA graduates who recidivated differed in any
measurable way from those who had no further criminal
convictions after a period of at least three years. Their
criminal records were obtained from the Canadian Police
Information Centre (CPIC). Those program graduates who
reoffended were compared to the vast majority who did not
reoffend. Results of the study indicated that there was no
way to determine who would recidivate from the data that
were collected. Further studies could use a qualitative
model. Follow-up interviews could be used to determine what
impact, if any, attendance at the IDEA program had on the
life of the graduates.


title: From being ill in time to love of eternity

subject: Sick. Love. Life.


title: GABA accumulation and the hypersensitive response in isolated mesophyll cells treated with the G protein activator mastoparan

subject:
GABA.
Plant cells and tissues.
Cell death.

abstract:
GABA (y-amino butyric acid) is a non-protein amino acid synthesized through
the a-decarboxylation of L-glutamate. This reaction is catalyzed by L-glutamate
decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.15), a cytosolic Ca2+/calmodulin-stimulated enzyme. The
purpose of this study is to determine whether or not GABA accumulation is associated
with the hypersensitive response of isolated Asparagus sprengeri mesophyll cells.
The addition of 25 J.lM mastoparan, a G protein activator, to suspensions of
isolated asparagus mesophyll cells significantly increased GABA synthesis and cell
death. Cell death was assessed using Evan's blue dye and fluorescein diacetate tests
for cell viability. In addition, mastoparan stimulated pH-dependent alkalinization of the
external medium, and a rapid and large 02 consumption followed by a loss of
photosynthetic activity. The rate of 02 consumption and the net decrease in 02 in the
dark was enhanced by light. The inactive mastoparan analogue Mas17 was
ineffective in stimulating GABA accumulation, medium alkalinization, 02 uptake and
cell death. Accumulation of H202 in response tomastoparan was not detected,
however, mastoparan caused the cell-dependent degradation of added H202. The
pH dependence of mastoparan-stimulated alkalinization suggests cellular electrolyte
leakage, while the consumption of 02 corresponds to the oxidative burst in which 02
at the cell surface is reduced to form various active oxygen species. The results are
indicative of the "hypersensitive response" of plants to pathogen attack, namely, the
death of cells in the locality of pathogen invasion.
The data are compatible with a model in which mastoparan triggers G protein
activity, subsequent intracellular signal transduction pathway/s, and the hypersensitive
response. It is postulated that the physiological elicitation of the hypersensitive
response involves G protein signal transduction. The synthesis of GABA
during the hypersensitive response has not been documented previously; however the
role/s of GABA synthesis in the hypersensitive response, if any, remain unclear.