identifier: Oldford, Edna <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Oldford=3AEdna=3A=3A.html>   (1985) Children's writing : an examination of the writing process and products of a selected group of six-year-old children and a case study demonstrating the patterns of development in one child's writing.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The present study sought to expand our knowledge about young children's composing processes by observing them in the classroom situation. The research focused on the children's behaviours while writing; the content and style of their products; and the writers' perceptions of their task. -- Specifically, this investigation explored the writing processes and products of a selected group of six-year-old children from an elementary school under the Conception Bay South Integrated School Board. The six children selected for this study were identified by Marie Clay's rating scale for early writing and her "Concept About Print" Tests. Data for this study were collected from October through April 1984-85. -- Throughout the data collection period, the primary emphasis was placed on gathering information from the selected six children, which provided an intensive study of the writing process. A secondary emphasis was placed on gathering data about children beyond those chosen for intense investigation. This information added depth and contributed to the overall findings. Additionally, obtaining the information helped to reduce the observation focus on the selected six children. -- The goal of the researcher was to try to understand early writing from the point of view of the child and to make effective research hypotheses and recommendations for the classroom teacher.


identifier: Marche, Joan Pauline <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Marche=3AJoan_Pauline=3A=3A.html>   (1986) Computer-assisted writing in adult education settings.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

type: Thesis NonPeerReviewed

format: application/pdf application/pdf

abstract: The current technological revolution has produced the need to find more efficient ways of recording and storing information. The latest technological advancement for the writer is the computer. This new medium permits the writer to get words into print quickly and easily while facilitating more effective revision. -- This researcher surveyed adult educators across Canada to determine if and how the computer is being used as a writing tool in adult education classes. The data for the study was collected by means of mailed questionnaires. Responses were tabulated from both users and non-users of the computer. Although only 29% of those responding were using computers in their writing classes, the results were positive. It was reported that adults generally enjoy using the computer and that the ease of revision which the computer allowed actually improved both the students' writing and their attitude toward writing. -- Provided in this study is a 16 week module for adult learners. Offered in this module are writing exercises based on information gathered from the survey and on ideas from related literature on the subject.


identifier: Lodge, Wayne H. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Lodge=3AWayne_H=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1984) Counsellor attitudes toward and practices in career education.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of the study was to examine attitudes toward and practices in career education of school counsellors in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, and to investigate their relationship to selected personal counsellor characteristics. -- The sample population was 56 counsellors, or 43 percent of the total school counsellor population working in the public schools of Newfoundland and Labrador. They completed a questionnaire designed to solicit personal and professional information, goals/beliefs and practices considered important in the delivery of a career education program, and who was deemed responsible for the delivery of these practices. -- The data was computer analyzed using SPSS subprogram crosstabs with a further Q-factor analysis procedure to determine whether counsellor subgroups existed in the population surveyed. -- The results indicated that the majority of counsellors subscribed mainly to an eclectic model of career education, that is, on that takes elements from both the traditional and current models of career education. For many of the practices, however, a clear consensus could not be reached as to who should assume responsibility for its delivery. Three subgroups of counsellors seemed to emerge, each responded differently to many of the items on the questionnaire. No differences among subgroups could be found as to who should assume responsibility for the delivery of various practices contained in the questionnaire, and the groups did not seem to differ on any personal or professional characteristics. -- Each of the three bipolar subgroups or counsellors were divided into six groups. Group 1, consisting of eleven members, tended to subscribe to a very broad conceptualization of career education; Group 2, largest of the six groups with sixteen members, tended to subscribe to a developmental model. Members of this groups contended that counsellors should concern themselves mainly with the development the self-concept and personal growth. Groups 3 and 6 believed, as well, that the emphasis of career education should be on the development of one's self-concept; Group 5 placed most of its emphasis on the occupational aspects of career counselling. Finally, Group 4 subscribed to probably the narrowest conceptualization of career education, equating it with vocational training. Proponents of this model believed that those responsible for the delivery of career education should be concerned with providing students with saleable work skills. -- Emerging from the study was the observation that provincial school counsellors did not hold a clear consensus as to what goals/beliefs and practices constitute an effective career education program. As well, there seemed to be lack of agreement as to who should assume responsibility for the delivery of various activities related to career education. The report concluded with a number of recommendations for action based on these findings and for further research. --  An analysis of the results of this study suggested that some action be taken by the School Counsellors' Association of Newfoundland and Labrador and the Department of Education to formulate a suitable working definition of career education. As  well, both groups should work together toward defining the role of school counsellors in career education in this province.


identifier: Mullins, Patricia Anne. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Mullins=3APatricia_Anne=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1986) Developing study skills in the middle school.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Once a student learns how to read, he is ready for the transfer to 'reading to learn'. Recognizing the value of guiding our students toward growth in learning how to learn, the concern of the classroom teacher is to assist his students in developing a systematic approach to study. -- The concept of 'reading to learn', or study reading, is a necessary component of the reading development process. In order for such a development to be realized by our students, basic skills should be utilized as 'essentials' or 'tools' of a study skills instructional program. -- This writer has chosen four general areas to be considered when one is developing a study skills program: (1) locating information; (2) interpreting graphs and visual aids; (3) organizing information; and (4) applying systems of study reading. Each component is described in the text, and two appendices are included so that teachers who wish to develop their own study skills program may have access to a reasonably extensive list of resources in the area. Application of the various aspects discussed in this thesis will be dependent upon the interaction of the specific students and teachers involved. -- The 'essentials of study skills' described in this paper are perceived as a framework whereby students' awareness of the efficacy of a study skills program can be actualized. As the student becomes an active participant in his own learning process, the interaction of the concepts of knowledge, meaning, and understanding can become increasingly apparent. -- With the dedication and commitment of administrators and teachers toward devising and implementing procedural guidelines for establishing a study skills program, our students may well have an avenue available by means of which they may become proficient learners.


identifier: Hameed, Khwaja Shahid <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Hameed=3AKhwaja_Shahid=3A=3A.html>   (1984) Characterization of dipeptidyl aminopeptidase I (cathepsin C) from short-finned squid.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Dipeptidyl aminopeptidase I (cathepsin C, E.C.3.14.3.1) was isolated from the hepatopancreas of the Atlantic short finned squid (Illex illecebrosus) and partially purified by the successive steps of autolysis of an acid extract, ammonium sulfate precipitation, heat treatment, ultrafiltration and affinity chromatography using p-CMB-Sepharose column. On SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the enzyme gave one major and one minor band corresponding to a molecular weight of about 25 and 62 kdaltons, respectively. The identification of cathepsin C is based on (1) its ability to catalyze a transferase reaction with Gly-Phe-NH₂ and a hydrolase reaction with Gly-Phe-NA or Ser-Tyr-NA at pH optima of 7 and 6, respectively; (2) the Cl⁻ ion and sulfhydryl activation of the enzyme; (3) its inhibition by known inhibitors of cathepsin C; and (4) the apparent existence of a 25 kdaltons subunit, which forms associated complexes of 50, 100 and 200 kdaltons. The dissociation and reassociation of cathepsin C in relation to its catalytic functions as a transferase and a hydrolase were studied by examining the ultrafiltration behavior of the enzyme following heat treatment or exposure to detergent or urea.


identifier: Bartlett, Sylvia Ernestine. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Bartlett=3ASylvia_Ernestine=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1985) Cytogenetic studies in three species of larids and three species of alcids.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The embryonic tissues of 3 larids (Larus argentatus, Larus marinus, Rissa tridactyla) and 3 species of alcids (Uria aalge, Alca torda, Fraterula arctica) were grown in vitro as primary explants to develop a method for harvesting mitotic chromosomes. A reliable method was developed, with chromosomes that were harvested being stained with a fluorescent dye. Partial karyotypes and idiograms of the largest 13 autosomes were made for each species. Based on the p arm to q arm ratios the centromere position for each chromosome was determined. Comparisons were then made between larid species and alcid species as well as between groups (larid/alcid) and the significant differences were noted.


identifier: MacKinnon, Richard Paul <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/MacKinnon=3ARichard_Paul=3A=3A.html>   (1982) Carriage-making in St. John's, Newfoundland: a historical study of the products of a folk industry.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Horse-drawn vehicles were necessary in St. John's from the early years of the nineteenth century until World War Two and Confederation. Small carriage factories began to appear in the city by the mid-nineteenth century and some continued to operate until well into the twentieth century. Between 1850 and 1910, at least fifteen carriage factories were established within St. John's. -- These factories were not large assembly line operations. Individuals who worked in the factories were able to have a great amount of input into the products produced. Research into industries of this kind has not been conducted by folklorists and craft scholars because these factories do not fit the standard definition of craft. -- This thesis is an attempt to assess the limitations of the term craft by reconstructing aspects of the carriage-making industry in St. John's. It focuses particularly on the ways in which this urban industry was similar to so-called rural crafts. Research involved both archival and field investigation. Information was obtained on the historical development of the industry, the construction process as it occurred in one factory, the products of this industry and the contemporary functions of the extant factory products in the St. John's area. Wherever possible sketches, tables, maps and photographs have been used to illustrate aspects of this industry and its products.


identifier: Tse, Chuan-Cheung <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Tse=3AChuan-Cheung=3A=3A.html>   (1984) Computation of the motion and drift force for a floating body.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: A computer program based on the linear wave diffraction theory, using 3-D source distribution method is set up. This program calculates the first-order wave forces, response motions, steady (mean) horizontal drift forces and vertical drift moment for a floating body in a regular wave system. The steady drift forces (moment) are evaluated by the far field approach. -- Some modified numerical schemes are proposed, in this work that save a certain amount of the computer cpu time. -- Computations were carried out for two typical floating bodies (hemisphere and rectangular box). The computed results are in good agreement with the published data.


identifier: Snow, Monica Anne <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Snow=3AMonica_Anne=3A=3A.html>   (1984) Cost evaluation of an integrated sawlog-pulpwood-fuelwood site on Bonavista peninsula, Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This evaluation involved the compiling of all pertinent cost information and the development of a model in order to forecast the annual operating cost of a proposed integrated sawlog-pulpwood-fuelwood site on Bonavista Peninsula, Newfoundland (Department of Forest Resources and Lands, Forest Management Unit 2). It is an attempt to follow a systematic approach to cost analysis of a proposed expanded forest industry in the area which involves a centralized chip processing operation. Production and transportation parameters are specified in the series of mathematical equations which comprise the model. The influence of varying wood delivery form, product selection, and transportation mode on the annual operating cost can be examined with use of the model. -- The aspect of long distance product delivery to market was examined for three modes of transportation: (1) marine (2 barge - 1 tug system); (2) rail ("piggy-back" method of rail shipment) and (3) road (5-axle truck-semi-trailer combination). Within the production restraint set by the annual allowable cut which places a limit on maximum volume of wood processed, it was concluded that road transport was the most economical mode. -- Potential revenue from the proposed operation is tabulated and intangible benefits expounded. This was done to view costs and benefits in perspective of one another. The operation on a purely economic basis is not feasible under existing conditions and existing markets.


identifier: Cooze, Kim W. Keinath <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Cooze=3AKim_W=2E_Keinath=3A=3A.html>   (1986) Diaphragmatic respiration : psychophysiological and subjective effects in an anxious population.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The present study was suggested by evidence in the psychological literature relating the presence of anxiety to rapid, shallow respiration. A three session breathing therapy program was compared to an attention control program on a number of self-report and psychophysiological variables. The research design was a pretest-posttest control group design. Subjects consisted of 18 self-referred, highly anxious adults, matched for sex and age, and randomly assigned to one of the two conditions. Both groups met for three, hour-long, small group (n=3) sessions. The breathing therapy program consisted of teaching slow, abdominal respiration as a relaxation technique and coping device. The attention control condition consisted of group discussion and self-relaxation. All subjects underwent two laboratory sessions, four weeks apart, during which respiration, cardiac, and skin conductance measures were obtained. Both tonic physiological activity over three periods (baseline, anticipation, and recovery), and specific responses to a stressor (loud noise) were assessed. Analyses were undertaken to determine between group differences on all measures. Repeated measures analyses of variance revealed breathing therapy to be significantly more effective than the attention control program in decreasing; (a) respiration rate, and (b) two self-report measures of anxiety. Limitations, implications, and contributions of this study are discussed.


identifier: Askarpour, Vahid <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Askarpour=3AVahid=3A=3A.html>   (1986) Brillouin scattering experiments near the α-β phase transition in single crystals of the N₂ and CO.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The technique of high resolution Brillouin spectroscopy has been used to determine the adiabatic elastic constants of large cooled single crystals of β-N₂ and β-CO in an effort to gain insight into the α-β phase transition of these two unique examples of diatomic molecules which are extremely similar in many physical and chemical properties. The crystals were grown in a quartz cell inside a liquid helium cryostat. Laue x-ray diffraction analysis provided for the determination of the orientations of these crystals relative to the laboratory frame of reference. An argon ion laser beam was incident on the crystal and the scattered beam was analysed at 90° relative to the incident beam by a piezo-electrically scanned triple-pass Fabry-Perot interferometer. The signals were then collected by a photomultiplier tube, amplified through an amplifier/discriminator assembly and finally recorded by the data acquisition and stabilization system. -- The values of elastic constants of β-N₂ at 47.5 K in units of 10⁹ N/m² (subject to an absolute uncertainty of about 2%) are:  c₁₁-2.307 c₁₂-1.454 c₁₃-1.274 c₃₃-2.488 c₄₄-0.378. -- The values of elastic constants of β-CO at 62 K in units of 10⁹ N/m² (subject to an absolute uncertainty of about 4%) are: c₁₁-2.013 c₁₂-1.212 c₁₃-0.998 c₃₃-2.227 c₄₄-0.402. These values were compared to those at the corresponding triple points. There is an approximate elastic constant increase of 1% per 1 K of temperature decrease and there seems to be no evidence for mode softening in either N₂ or CO. -- Three large single crystals of β-CO were cooled slowly through the phase transition resulting in three single crystals of α-CO. The orientations of these face centered cubic crystals were determined and correlated to those of the hexagonal close packed phase. It was noted that the hexagonal basal planes appear to prefer to transform to planes of the form {110} of the cubic structure. A possible mechanism is discussed and the result is compared to previous works on metals and molecular crystals that undergo h.c.p. to f.c.c. phase transition.


identifier: Simpson, Malcolm William <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Simpson=3AMalcolm_William=3A=3A.html>   (1986) Differences in frequency judgments of positive and negative words by depressed and nondepressed subjects.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: It was hypothesized that the frequency judgments of depressed and nondepressed subjects would be differentially affected by the use of affectively laden materials. Forty-eight female university students were selected on the basis of their scores on two standard depression measures so as to form a depressed and a nondepressed group (n = 24 for each group). Frequency judgments were obtained following the procedure of Hasher and Zacks (1979), with two changes: affectively laden adjectives were used as the stimuli, rather than common words, and subjects processed these words in a self-referent task, rather than reading the words aloud. No evidence of an interaction between subjects' level of depression and word affect was found for frequency judgments. The expectation that frequency estimates for neutral-words would not differ between depressed and nondepressed subjects was also rejected. A strong main effect of depression was discovered, resulting in higher frequency judgments for the depressed subjects. The study provides findings that contrast with those of Hasher and Zacks (1979; Experiment 3) and poses some questions as to the automaticity of frequency judgments and the basis on which frequency judgments are made.


identifier: Langor, David William <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Langor=3ADavid_William=3A=3A.html>   (1985) Ecology of the eastern larch beetle, Dendroctonus simplex LeConte (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), in Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The ecology of the eastern larch beetle, Dendroctonus simplex LeConte, was studied in Newfoundland. Overwintered beetles emerged in May. One generation and two broods were produced in both 1983 and 1984. Females initiated attacks and males arrived up to two days later. One to four pairs of beetles used each entrance hole but each pair constructed a different gallery. -- Egg galleries were vertical, slightly sinuous and averaged 41 cm in length. Females laid zero to four eggs per niche averaging 1.4. The average number of eggs per gallery and per cm of gallery was 39 and 1.0, respectively. Mean brood density was 49 individuals per 100 cm². -- About 90% of all parents reemerged and a small proportion of them attacked a second group of trees and produced a second brood. Galleries in second brood trees averaged 26 cm in length and 27 eggs per gallery. Mean brood density averaged 23 individuals per 100 cm². Following brood production 61% of parents reemerged and likely died. -- Development from egg to adult averaged 60 to 70 days for first and second broods, respectively. -- During egg gallery construction and oviposition D. simplex flight muscles degenerated. Flight muscles were completely regenerated in only 17% of 96 reemerged beetles in 1984. No reemerged beetles were observed to fly. -- Emergence, host attack and reemergence occurred between 10:30 and 17:00 hours and at temperatures of 4 ﾟC or higher. Peaks of attack, which reflects flight peaks, occurred at temperatures of 10 ﾟC or higher. -- Only adults overwintered. Freezing temperatures caused high mortality among immature stages of the second brood. -- Thirty-four percent of new brood adults emerged in the fall and reentered galleries at the base of trees for hibernation. -- The fourth larval instar had the highest mortality, at 29.2%, and pupae the lowest, at 7.6%. Total mortality was 79% and 82% for first and second broods, respectively. Pathogens caused the largest proportion of mortality among eggs, second instar larvae and pupae, resinosis among first instar larvae and parasitoids among third and fourth instar larvae. Overwintering mortality was 7.8%. -- Fifty-two species of insects, spiders, mites and nematodes were associated with D. simplex in 1983.


identifier: Fonseka, John Priyantha <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Fonseka=3AJohn_Priyantha=3A=3A.html>   (1985) Detection of continuous phase frequency shift keyed signals.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In this thesis, the performance of Limiter Discriminator (LD) receiver, Differentially Coherent (DC) receiver and Coherent Detection-Differential Decoding (CD-DD) receiver is analyzed for the detection of M-ary CPFSK signals under various signal impairments. -- The analysis is first carried out for the detection of M-ary CPFSK with modulation index -- [special characters omitted] -- in wideband channels. The effect of symbol timing errors and baseband symbol pulse shaping is considered. It is shown that CD-DD detection has better performance and less sensitivity to timing errors than LD detection and DC detection whereas LD detection and DC detection yield approximately the same performance both in the presence and in the absence of symbol timing errors. -- The bandlimiting effect of the front-end filter of the three receivers is then considered. An effective methodology is developed to take into account the effect of Intersymbol Interference (ISI). As in wideband channels, it is shown that even in bandlimited channels, CD-DD detection yields better performance and has less sensitivity to ISI than LD detection and DC detection whereas the latter two detection schemes have almost identical performance and sensitivities. -- The performance evaluation of LD detection of M-ary CPFSK with arbitrary modulation index, in both wideband and bandlimited channels, is also considered in order to determine the optimum modulation index which minimizes the error probability. It is shown that the performance of LD detection can be improved by increasing the modulation index above -- [special characters omitted] -- . A variable delay differential detection technique which employs a delay interval dependent on the modulation index is analyzed for the detection of binary CPFSK signals with arbitrary modulation index in bandlimited channels. The performance of the variable delay differential detector is shown to be comparable with the performance of LD detector. -- Finally, the numerical results obtained for the detection of quaternary CPFSK and octonary CPFSK in bandlimited channels are verified by digital computer simulation.


identifier: Liyanapathirana, Ranjith <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Liyanapathirana=3ARanjith=3A=3A.html>   (1987) Distance properties of uncoded and coded continuous phase frequency shift keyed signals.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis examines the distance properties of uncoded and trellis coded M-ary continuous phase frequency shift keyed (CPFSK) signals, when the receiver consists of a phase detector followed by a trellis decoder. Closed-form expressions for the minimum Euclidean of uncoded M-ary CPFSK signals are presented. These expressions yield exact values of minimum Euclidean distance for all rational valued modulation indices. An M-state trellis is shown to achieve almost all performance gain that is guaranteed by the memory of the modulation process of CPFSK signals when M > 2. -- The minimum distance results for uncoded CPFSK signals show that phase detection and trellis decoding yields larger minimum distances than correlation demodulation and trellis decoding for small modulation indices (h ≤ 1/M). The minimum distance results for trellis coded CPFSK signals also indicate that phase detection yields larger minimum distances than correlation detection for small h. -- A computer search for the optimal codes of quaternary and octal CPFSK signals with phase detection and trellis decoding is carried out. For all constraint lengths and h ≤ 1/M these codes are identical to the optimal codes found in the literature for correlation detection. It is also observed that trellis decoding of uncoded and coded CPFSK signals is transparent to the carrier phase ambiguities of the regenerated reference tones of the coherent demodulator. Considering the distance properties and the relative ease of implementation, it is concluded that phase detection and trellis decoding of M-ary CPFSK signals is superior to correlation detection of the same for h ≤ 1/M.


identifier: Genge, Vina Cynthia <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Genge=3AVina_Cynthia=3A=3A.html>   (1987) Comprehension monitoring : an examination of the strategies used by selected proficient readers at the grade three level.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study was an investigation into the process of reading comprehension. Its purpose was to identify the comprehension monitoring strategies used by a select group of proficient grade three readers and to determine similarities or differences in strategy use among such readers. The study employed a methodology which combined the active processing measure of oral reading, the think-aloud measure of verbal reporting and the product measure of free recalls. -- The sample consisted of a group of twenty proficient grade three readers from three schools within the Roman Catholic School Board for Conception Bay Center. The readers were assigned the task of reading a selected passage aloud and stopping at designated points to vocalize their thoughts. After completion the readers were required to retell the passage in their own words. Each session with individual readers was audiotaped. Transcriptions of these sessions provided the data for the study. -- Three comprehension monitoring strategies were identified in the oral reading protocols, and five were identified in the think-aloud protocols. Although no new strategies were identified in the free recall protocols, support for some of the previously identified strategies was found. The free recalls also provided an adequate assessment of reading comprehension for the readers. It was found that readers in general utilized all eight strategies but did so to varying extents and in varying circumstances. Readers' free recalls in general proved to be very similar in both type and extent of information and indicated adequate comprehension. It was concluded that despite the individual differences in the utilization of strategies, readers had similar end results of adequate comprehension. -- Conclusions regarding the relevance of this research for pedagogical practice and recommendations for further research were made in the final chapter of this study.


identifier: Whitten, John Joseph <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Whitten=3AJohn_Joseph=3A=3A.html>   (1987) Critical speed phenomenon for floating ice sheets.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In Canada’s Northern Regions floating ice sheets are often used as roads for vehicular traffic, including large trucks, and as runways for aircraft. Operators have found that a critical speed exists for movement over these roads and runways. Movement over the ice sheet at this critical speed causes large amplitude waves to be generated in the sheet near the load. Thus, it is very important that operators avoid this speed. -- Experimental work has been done on this phenomenon, and researchers have developed theoretical means to determine this critical speed. Until quite recently (mid 1980s), there had been no measurements of predictions of the wave patterns generated in ice sheets, and the limited predictions were conflicting. -- In this thesis, an experimental approach was taken to determine the wave patterns generated in a floating ice sheet by a moving load. Several different moving loads were used, and the ice was modelled in various ways: EG/AD/S model ice, styrofoam sheeting, and polyethylene sheeting. Theoretical predictions of the patterns were also produced. The generated patterns agreed with the predictions. -- It was also determined that the deflection depression caused by the load at speeds less that the critical changed shape with speed.  The tests also indicated that the critical speed is much more than a function of sheet characteristics than load characteristics.


identifier: Pauley, Kevin Eugene <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Pauley=3AKevin_Eugene=3A=3A.html>   (1986) Carbon uptake and turnover rates of phytoplankton in Newfoundland coastal waters.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In situ enclosure experiments were completed during phytoplankton bloom and non-bloom conditions in coastal Newfoundland waters. Carbon uptake, pool size and turnover rates of various phytoplankton species and size components were studied using ¹⁴C track autoradiography and standard filtration techniques. Total POC was approximately 313 μg l⁻¹ during bloom conditions compared to 188 μg l⁻¹ in the non bloom enclosure. Approximately 76% of tho POC pool in the bloom enclosure was labelled over three days whereas only 32% was labelled in the non-bloom experiment. The measurement of ¹⁴C uptake yielded estimates of primary production for bloom and non-bloom conditions in the range of 100 μg C l⁻¹ d⁻¹, which were greater than maximum estimates recorded for the highly productive Grand Banks region (ca. 82 μg C l⁻¹ d⁻¹). The measurement of specific cellular carbon uptake over time revealed that, while carbon pool sizes of phytoplankters during bloom conditions agreed well with values found in literature, similar taxa associated with the non-bloom experiment had pools about one half the expected size. Diatoms were responsible for about 51% of the carbon uptake and phytoflagellate nanoplankters 16% during the the bloom. In contrast, nanoplankton accounted for 25% of the non-bloom uptake. The remaining uptake in both experiments could not be attributed to identifiable particulate sources. This suggests that energy flow to higher trophic levels may not be soley through a classical algar-grazer food chain during non-bloom conditions.


identifier: Penney, Sandra Gaye <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Penney=3ASandra_Gaye=3A=3A.html>   (1980) Creative imagination and psychological distortion in Joyce Cary's characters.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of this thesis is to consider the concept of creativity in Joyce Cary's approach to character. Cary's major definitive characters are possessed of creative imagination, a quality which enables them to shape reality in a unique and characteristic way. Although some major characters may be perceived as archetypes - the artist, the woman, the conservative, the politician - each is very much an individual. Cary does not create inexplicable characters approaching in complexity the dimensions of real life people; instead, his major characters may best be categorized as psychologically grotesque. This results from their being driven by personal fantasy or creative imagination to structure a private world. An associated theme is the multiplicity of reality; that is, reality differs for each character because of this creative imagination. This consideration dictates Cary's ultimate choice of the trilogy format which challenges the reader to evaluate each character's vision of reality and judge each character by the quality of his vision. For some characters - Aissa, Mr. Johnson, Sara and Gulley - creative imagination is a source of joy and strength; for Chester Nimmo, it is a source of evil. Cary's artistic development is largely determined by his gradual absorption with characters possessing creative imagination. His early works are marred by the separation of character from idea, from an excessive amount of exposition. But when character and idea become one, then Cary's novels are important works of art.


identifier: Lewis, Robert Munro <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Lewis=3ARobert_Munro=3A=3A.html>   (1988) Brigus and the Labrador fishery : an anthropological and historical study.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The Labrador fishery carried out from Brigus, which was to a great extent, representative of the Conception Bay Labrador fishery as a whole, was both an extension and successor of the resident Newfoundland fishery. The resident fishery, in turn, was at first an extension and then a successor of the British migratory fishery at Newfoundland. The socio-economic relations of the Brigus Labrador fishery were, as its predecessors had been, essentially capitalist in nature and remained so through to, at least, the beginning of the Second World War. -- The British fishery at Newfoundland was initially a migratory fishery organized along capitalist lines. Under the conditions of the migratory fishery the economic relations which existed between capitalists and between capitalists and workers were governed by British maritime law, in particular the different applications of the concept of maritime lien. After 1610 the fishery at Newfoundland took on an increasingly settled character. In the seventeenth century the production of dried cod was increasingly carried out by inhabitants or planters and bye boat keepers, while the trade in fish at Newfoundland (i.e. export),.was conducted by Sack ships, fishing ships, traders from the American colonies of Britain, along with a growing population of resident merchants; the suppliers of the trade were merchants in England, fishing ships operating as migratory merchants, and resident merchants. By the first quarter of the eighteenth century the traditional ship fishery had virtually died out. -- Conception Bay and Brigus were the site of the earliest English settlement at Newfoundland and their pattern of settlement and growth are nearly synonymous with the English settlement at Newfoundland. The period from 1750 to 1870 was one marked by growth and prosperity for Newfoundland and Conception Bay. In this period the resident fishery came to dominate the fishery while the cod and seal fisheries were the central and predominant activities for virtually all of the island. For much of the period, in particular from 1750 to 1830, Conception Bay was the centre of the island's economic growth and in the early part of the nineteenth century it even surpassed St. John's in economic importance and population. The steady rise in population around Conception Bay, which continued past the mid-point of the nineteenth century, began in five years from 1750 to 1755. The initial resource base upon which this growth was based was the cod fishery on the French Shore latter to be supplanted by the migratory Labrador fishery. At the end of the eighteenth century a spring seal fishery developed around Conception Bay. The seal fishery complemented the Labrador fishery and by the end of the first quarter of the nineteenth century had risen to at least equal importance to the cod fishery. -- The growth in population involved a continuing shift from a migratory to year-round use of the island's resources by merchants and labourers and a general rise in the number, power, and importance of the planters. One cause of the growth in the resident fishery was an increase in the availability and a decrease in the price of supplies supplied from south-west of Ireland and, especially, from New England. These new sources of provisions, combined with famine and economic recession in Ireland, the prime source of labourers since the seventeenth century, made it easier for the planters to obtain labour and made Newfoundland a more attractive place for permanent settlement. The increasing number of resident labourers also allowed the planters to extend their fishery beyond that of the migratory fishers and to expand their activities into the spring seal fishery. The shift to residency was made easier because the difference between resident and migratory fisheries had always been one of different economic strategies within essentially capitalist relations of production and not an essential change in those relations. The legal framework regulating the relations of production in the fishery continued to be derived from maritime custom and law, virtually unchanged from those which had prevailed in the previous century. -- The three classes which dominated the resident Newfoundland fishery economy, at least during this period, were merchants, labourers, and planters. Most of those fishing were labourers, workers owning little more in the production process than their personal effects. The merchants were merchant capitalists involved primarily in trade in supplies and fish rather than being capitalists directly involved in producing dried cod. Planters, it is the argument of this thesis, are best classified as small capitalist. -- This fishery, commonly referred to as the planter fishery, was essentially capitalist has been accepted as being the dominant set of relations of production up through the first third of the nineteenth century. A number of authorities have argued, however, that the planter fishery disappeared from Newfoundland around the year 1840. It is the argument of this thesis that such was not the case and that the planters' fishery remained the dominant fishery, at least around Conception Bay, throughput the period until, at least, the Second World War. -- Brigus was involved in the Labrador and spring seal fishery from those fisheries beginnings and those fisheries were the economic bases for the growth in Brigus in the nineteenth century. The social and economic character of Brigus was that of a relatively prosperous community, dominated by a class of independent planters and with considerable competition among merchants. These characteristics were shared with a number of other communities of similar size around Conception Bay. The period from about 1820 to about 1860 was the height of Brigus's prosperity with the community being probably the most important sealing port in Conception Bay if not in all of Newfoundland. The period from 1880 to 1945 was marked by a decline in the population, economic activity, and prosperity of Brigus. The direct cause of this fall in population was the rapid collapse of the seal fishery in Brigus.


identifier: Johnson, Trudi Dale <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Johnson=3ATrudi_Dale=3A=3A.html>   (1985) Teacher training in Newfoundland, 1800-1949.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine the development of teacher training in Newfoundland's educational history from its early beginnings to the Commission of Government years. Changes in the method of training teachers in Newfoundland have been mainly the result of attempts to improve the school system. Furthermore, the development of education in Newfoundland has been considerably different from the pattern found elsewhere in British North America. A number of factors which have contributed to the uniqueness of the education system in the Colony are examined in the thesis. -- In addition, the study outlines the type of training which teachers received from the early 1800's to the 1940's. This training changed as a result of a number of key developments, including the existence of church-based societies, the passage of educational legislation, the creation of the Council of Higher Education, the establishment of the Normal School, and the study of the educational system under the Commission of Government in Newfoundland.


identifier: Algoo-Baksh, Stella <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Algoo-Baksh=3AStella=3A=3A.html>   (1991) A biographical-critical study of Austin Clarke.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This dissertation is a critical study, in a biographical context, of the work of Austin Clarke; it investigates not only Clarke's growth as a writer but also the extent to which his work reflects, and is an attempt to understand, his life experiences. An overview of the Barbadian setting forms the backdrop for an examination of his early years, a period in which the stigma of his race and social origins impels him to seek success though essentially in terms imposed by the dominant English cultural heritage. The course of his life and literary career in Canada is then traced; it is clear that the marginality he has known in Barbados recurs in his new home and that it evokes within him an intense awareness of himself as a black man, driving him to draw extensively upon his experiences in order to write. -- The dissertation examines Clarke's early literary efforts in Canada, his declining fascination with poetry in favour of fiction and his shift from an affiliation with English romanticism to a social realism that places him in the mainstream of West Indian literature. It follows his career as he publishes his first two novels, both set in Barbados and absorbed in the alienation and inner mutilation the society has induced in the colonised, and as he progresses into a series of novels and short story anthologies dwelling on the social and psychological complexities of the black immigrant experience in Canada. It is shown, however, that he renews his contact with the West Indies and resumes his scrutiny of Barbadian society with a typically critical eye. -- The dissertation suggests, nevertheless, that the link between Clarke's life and writing is not simply a matter of sources of raw material or influences on the direction of his career; through his analyses of the black experience Clarke tries to come to terms with his past, to comprehend his own psyche and to achieve a sense of personal identity. In the process, this study concludes, he has made a notable contribution to the literatures of both Canada and the Caribbean.


identifier: Broomfield, Olga Regina Romaine <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Broomfield=3AOlga_Regina_Romaine=3A=3A.html>   (1964) A critical analysis of the novels of Ford Madox Ford.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In the development of the English Novel, one of the recognizable trends is the gradually emerging conception of the novel as Art. From Richardson, Austen, Eliot, Meredith, to James and Conrad, the critic can trace the increasing involvement of the novelist in the discovery and perfection of techniques which would make it possible to represent in the novel life as it appears to the intelligent observer. Ford Madox Ford followed this trend in the novel and carried the form to new heights through the methods he evolved. -- Surrounded by artists and writers from birth, Ford naturally took up a career in writing. Strongly encouraged by his maternal grandfather, Ford Madox Brown, he found early success in the publication of a fairy-tale, The Brown Owl (1892). A second fairy-tale, The Feather, and his first novel, The Shifting of the Fire, were produced within the same year. During the following eight years, Ford published two volumes of poems, a third fairy- story, a biography of Ford Madox Brown, and The Cinque Ports, the first of a series of studies on significant areas of England. -- By 1900, Ford was established as a stylist of note. In that year he met Joseph Conrad and by the next year was involved in writing The Inheritors, the first of their three collaborations. This proved to be a turning point in Ford's career, for Conrad's absorption in his creative writings drew Ford away from the indolent, desultory approach he had had and forced him to formulate his theory of fiction. After working with Conrad, Ford knew much about the techniques he believed should be implemented in his craft, but he had not crystallized what he wanted to say. -- During the following decade he produced fifteen novels. Notable among them is his historical trilogy of Henry VIII's fifth queen, published under the titles The Fifth Queen (1906), Privy Seal (1907), and The Fifth Queen Crowned (1908). It was justifiably hailed by the critics of his day, for Ford's insight into the historical personages, his remarkable recreation of the sixteenth- century milieu, and the obvious command he wielded over the tools of his craft, raised the genre of historical fiction to new heights. The medieval period fascinated Ford so much that he wrote four other novels devoted to the folklore and superstitions of that time. The "Half Moon" (1909), presents the power of witch-craft in the period; Ladies Whose Bright Eyes (1911, and revised in 1935), gives a fascinating account of a twentieth-century man transferred back into the fourteenth century, who gains new understandings by which to measure his own way of life; and The Young Lovell (1913), is a pleasing study of knight-errantry. A fourth historical novel, The Portrait (1910), presents an unsuccessful account of the wits and fops of the reign of William and Mary. -- But it was in his novels of 'small circles' that Ford really began to develop his particular view of life. In The Benefactor (1905), and, much more thoroughly, in A Call (1910), he explored the peculiar situation of individuals caught at cross purposes in the conflict between the dictates of passion, an apparently outmoded code of behaviour, and the necessity to preserve some surface acceptable to the society within which they move. He attempted to broaden the field of his explorations through social satires including large groups of people in Mr. Apollo (1908), The Simple Life Limited (1911), The New Humpty-Dumpty (1912), and Mr. Fleight (1913). Only the first of these is in any way appealing, having sympathetically drawn characters revealed with depth, and an attractive philosophy of faith persuasively presented; whereas the remaining three novels give characters much more superficially drawn, with a philosophy of expediency chiefly distinguished by its coldness and harshness. Stimulated by the crucial events of 1914, Ford formulated what he wanted to say. After the many experiments of the preceeding novels, he had perfected the technique of point of view, time-shift, selection, justification, le mot juste and progression d'effet, which enabled him in The Good Soldier (1915), to state, with overwhelming power and truth, the plight of twentieth-century man, terrifyingly alone in an incomprehensible situation, with all systems of communication broken down. In making explicit 'the saddest story', joining psychological insight with consummate artistry, Ford achieves the stature of a great novelist. -- Eight years later, he published The Marsden Case, a disappointing novel when compared to The Good Soldier, but interesting for the study it provides of Ford's attempt to broaden the scope of the material he used in The Good Soldier, to widen the 'small circle' to include a larger segment of society. The novel fails chiefly because of the inadequacy of the single point of view through which all events must be seen. However, the experiment proved fruitful, for in the next year, 1924, Ford published Some Do Not, the first of the Tietjens tetralogy. In 1925 No More Parades was published, followed by A Man Could Stand Up (1926), and The Last Post (1928). In the tetralogy, Ford gives fullest expression to his view of twentieth-century man alienated from all that gave stability, coherence, and contentment to the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, unable to find within his society any foundations on which to build a new way of life, caught in a personal struggle that mirrors, and is mirrored in, the public struggle of World War I. The breadth and depth of psychological study, the emotional power and artistry with which Ford makes his statement, emphasizes the fact that The Good Soldier was no flash-in- the-pan, that Ford was indeed capable of producing more than one masterpiece. The Tietjens series proves this as it brings the twentieth-century world into focus, allowing the reader to see much about his society that perhaps he had only dimly perceived before, or of which he had been totally unaware. -- After The Last Post, Ford wrote six novels. None of them measures up to the standard of his two masterpieces. Most of them show flashes of the creative genius that is so apparent in his greatest works, but all of them give evidence of haste and lack of involvement of the author. In the last period of his life, Ford was mainly concerned with critical works and memoirs, dashing off novels in between them that must be dismissed, then, as potboilers. -- However, it is enough that Ford has given the world, not one, but two great works. In The Good Soldier, he presents a novel perfect in every aspect of its form; in the Tietjens tetralogy, he gives, if not an entirely flawless performance, a work of compelling power. Both rank with the best that has been produced in this century.


identifier: Bergey, Leslie L. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Bergey=3ALeslie_L=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1978) A listening program for primary and elementary grades.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of the internship was to design, implement, and evaluate an effective listening program for the primary and lower elementary grades. Such a program would not only make use of the young child’s innate need to listen, but it could become an integral part of the total school curriculum. -- A review of the literature indicated that a direct and positive relationship was found between listening and reading comprehension. Leading researchers and educators recommended that teachers of young children become aware of recent findings in the area of listening research. -- The internship was carried out in a grade three and four classroom from January to March, 1978. The subjects were 18 grade three and 12 grade four students, making a total of 30. Their respective Verbal I.Q. scores ranged from 62 to 141. -- The program emphasized flexibility of approach and a variety of techniques. Listening instruction was approached from several different angles. Among these were listening while reading, listening for a purpose, directed listening, and recreational listening. Among the comprehension skills that the program was intended to strengthen were the recall of facts, drawing conclusions, detecting sequence, and following directions. --The effectiveness of the program and the extent to which its purposes were achieved were reflected in the formative evaluation that took place during the program, and the summative evaluation that took place at the end of ten weeks. The program was assessed on the basis of: 1) the attitudes and responses of the participating students; and 2) relationship to the total school program. -- The formative evaluation revealed that the3 program was related to the total school program in a positive way, and that the overall and daily response of the students was consistently favorable. It was positively related to the total school program in that it was based upon some of the skills that young children are weakest in - following directions, detecting sequence and drawing conclusions.  Favorable student response to the program was revealed by the high daily scores on the behavioural objectives being measured, and by the almost unanimous request to have another project this year. -- The summative evaluation revealed that reading and listening scores were, with the exception of Grade three listening, more than could reasonably be expected for the period of time that the program was in session. In all other areas of comprehension there was a significant difference between what was expected and what was attained. -- Students of low IW such as those in the special education class seemed to benefit more from the program than the gifted. There was no evidence of any marked preference for the commercially prepared listening devices, nor was there any evidence that students were better able to achieve results after using these same instructional materials. At the end of the project, a majority indicated that they learned more from some of the teacher-adapted material. -- It was recommended that teachers investigate the feasibility of preparing their own listening instruction program where necessary, and that listening instruction be made an integral part of the curriculum whenever possible.


identifier: English, Ida Perpetua Marrie <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/English=3AIda_Perpetua_Marrie=3A=3A.html>   (1974) A readability study of social studies and science textbooks.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of this study is to determine by using the Dale-Chall Readability Formula: (1) the readability level of the social studies and science textbooks recommended by the Newfoundland Department of Education for use in grades four, five, six, seven and eight; (2) the readability level of two series of science textbooks which are at present under consideration for further use in grades four, five, and six; (3) whether the reading difficulty of the social studies and science textbooks increases at a uniform rate from the beginning to the end of the book. -- The results of this study show that at grade five and grade seven a majority of the textbooks sampled conforms to their publishers designated grade-level; at grade four and grade six none of the textbooks sampled conform to their publisher's designated grade-level since all scored above, and at grade eight the majority of textbooks sampled do not conform to their publisher's designated grade-level but scored above it. -- To the question concerning the extent to which the sampled textbooks at each grade-level exhibit a desirable internal progression from less difficult to more difficult reading material, the results show that at grades four and eight, one of the textbooks at each grade-level exhibited the desired internal progression; at grades five and seven, two of the textbooks at each grade-level exhibited the desired internal progression; and at grade six, three of the textbooks at this grade-level exhibited the desired internal progression.


identifier: Spencer, Lloyd Kendell <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Spencer=3ALloyd_Kendell=3A=3A.html>   (1974) A selective study of the nature and content of Thomas Hardy's poetry.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: My main purpose in this thesis is to present a selection of Thomas Hardy's poetry which seems to represent his personal philosophy, "evolutionary meliorism". While other aspects of his poetry have seldom been central to the discussions, neither his achievements as a stylist nor his position as a poetic technician have been neglected entirely. -- The line on which my attention has constantly focused and to which the poems I have chosen all relate, was chosen from Hardy's poem "In Tenebris" II (1895-96). It reads: "... if way to the Better there be, it exacts a full look at the Worst," and is perhaps the clearest and most concise expression of his poetic intentions and indeed his stated philosophy of life. No other line from his writings so thoroughly epitomizes the poet's tragic view together with his hope, however forlorn, for man's eventual ennoblement. Furthermore it represents his special type of realism, his grim honest confrontation with man's disagreeable position. -- I believe all Hardy's poems are reflections of his feelings and beliefs. However, I feel that the satires, the war poems and those dealing specifically with philosophy or religion best elucidate his antinomial view of the universe with their dual concentration on the "Better" and the "Worst". -- Chapter I deals with the origins and meaning of "evolutionary meliorism", but, some semblance of of balance is attempted by references to various charges of pessimism. Chapters II, III and IV are really a unit in themselves, a sort of progression forming the main body of the thesis. The order is important because one finds a gradually intensifying approach towards the realities of existence. For example, in the poems discussed in Chapter II one finds a blend of irony and humor as the author chooses a satirical approach to certain social problems. In Chapter III there is no ironic humor for the subject is war. The poetry of Chapter IV is grim indeed with its almost total concentration on the "Worst" - the grave possibility that no God exists. -- Whereas in Chapter I, poems from Hardy's first volume are considered, so in Chapter V poems from his last-published Winter Words are discussed, thus attempting coherency and unity. It is here that we have his final word. Despite the sparks of hope observed earlier in the thesis, in the final analysis the poet's view is tinged with a sense of tragedy. The positive images, the meliorism and the hope cannot be denied, but the grey shades and the darker tones cause Hardy's poetic gift to the ages to be in harmony with the tragic view in the Greek sense.


identifier: Barry, Mary Elizabeth <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Barry=3AMary_Elizabeth=3A=3A.html>   (1972) Thackeray's major novels: a Kierkegaardian view.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: A student of Thackeray will understand him best if he considers the man's fiction in conjunction with his personal biography before drawing conclusions. Certain philosophic patterns will then emerge that tend to make Thackeray look like a man of existentialist interests. His views about the chaotic nature of this world, the isolation in which individuals live cut their lives, and the ambiguity of man's nature, make him sound almost Sartrian, while his acceptance of Divine Order and a loving God in the next world make this parallel impossible. Examined more closely, the approach that Thackeray finally adopts to life and fiction seems akin to that taken by Soren Aabye Kierkegaard, an ascetic Danish philosopher who lived at the same time as Thackeray. Kierkegaard maps out three stages of life which he sees as the steps to becoming a true Christian - the aesthetic stage, the ethical stage, and the religious stage. Curiously, Thackeray^ novels seem to follow a similar pattern: Vanity Fair lends itself readily to examination as an artistic exploration of the Kierkegaardian aesthetic stage: Pendennis, Henry Esmond and The Newcomes seem concerned with the same problems encountered by one in the ethical stage of life; and Philip seems to carry Thackeray even closer to Kierkegaard*s religious stage, although because of the essential "inwardness" of the religious stage, this last must remain a matter for speculation rather than proof. Turning from the themes of Thackeray's novels to an examination of his literary techniques, one discovers a further likeness to Kierkegaard. Both men make extensive use of irony and humour, especially in their adaptation of the ironic narrator for a didactic purpose, and in their constant repetition of a common theme, in Thackeray's case Vanitas vanitatum, the war cry of Vanity Fair. -- Taken together these likenesses seem interesting material for a new view of Thackeray in Kierkegaardian existentialist terms, not to prove that the two men are identical, but simply to illustrate that philosophic affinities, not previously recognized, do exist, and make an interesting addition to the corpus of criticism already extant on the subject of Thackeray's life and writings.


identifier: Tilley, Harold Reginald <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Tilley=3AHarold_Reginald=3A=3A.html>   (1968) The decline of pastoral in eighteenth century English poetry.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Although pastoral has had a long and varied history in literature, English poets have never felt completely at ease with the genre. Renaissance poets modified the classical pastoral to suit their own purposes. Spenser and Milton both used pastoral for satiric purposes rather than simply as a vehicle to express longings for a simpler life. Both ultimately rejected it. The native English tradition stemming from the "popular" pastorals and the mystery plays served also to modify the foreign tradition. Consequently there is an element of realism and lyricism in the English Renaissance pastoral which distinguishes it from the pastorals of the classical tradition. Throughout the Renaissance pastoral permeated almost every form of literary expression. -- During the eighteenth century, however, a change occurs in the attitude towards pastoral largely as a result of the rather restrictive theory of the French critic Rapin and his English follower Pope. The displacement from reality, inherent in pastoral since Virgil, now becomes extreme. Addison, Philips, and Purney stress the need for more realistic description and an indigenous pastoral. Other poets like James Thomson appear to question the efficacy of the genre as a vehicle of serious poetic expression, and turn to longer descriptive-reflective poems to express pastoral themes. -- This study attempts to show how English poets in the eighteenth century either worked within the genre to transform it into something more dynamic and vital, or else rejected it altogether as a serious poetic form. Part of the reason for the decline of pastoral was the growing consciousness of the invalidity of poetry which depicts shepherds who are remote from everyday reality. Other factors contributing to its decline were the new humanitarianism as found in the poetry of Goldsmith) Crabbe, and Cowper, as well as a greater interest in naturalistic description than is normally found in the pastoral poetry of the earlier part of this century. The ridicule cast upon pastoral by such writers as Gay, Swift, Johnson) Goldsmith, and Richard Jago also tended to undermine the prestige of the genre. The culmination of this changed attitude toward pastoral comes with Wordsworth’s "Michael". "Michael" is a pastoral poem which is free of pastoral conventions, is set in the English lake district, and treats of the life of the shepherd Michael in a more realistic way than shepherds had been depicted in the traditional pastoral of a poet like Pope. But Wordsworth began no major revival of pastoral as a genre. By 1800 the general critical attitude towards pastoral had hardened into distaste. No major revival of the genre was possible.


identifier: Bartlett, Donald R. (Donald Radford) <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Bartlett=3ADonald_R=2E_=28Donald_Radford=29=3A=3A.html>   (1965) The fury and the grace: a study of the poetry and the poetic development of C. Day Lewis.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Chapter I: A brief survey of the 'Twenties and 'Thirties is made; special emphasis is given to the prevailing pessimism and to the Auden Group’s reaction to it. This pessimism, reaction, and the personal background of Day Lewis are suggested to be important factors determining the nature of his poetry. -- Chapter II: Day Lewis's shift from private to public interests is shown to be part of his contribution to the 'Thirties myth of a ‘brave new world’. This early phase is a period of technical experimentation, of political enthusiasm and disillusion. Day Lewis's lyrical abilities are emphasized especially as they are evident in From Feathers to Iron. -- Chapter III: The 'Thirties myth is continued by Day Lewis's glorification of the Republican cause in Spain. The poems in Overtures to Death centre on two themes; first, the heroism of minority groups; second, warnings of imminent global conflict. Day Lewis’s style is now more direct, his tone more urgent, than in previous volumes. -- Chapter IV: Day Lewis finds long sought human contacts in a world at war. Word Over All is perhaps his best volume: its themes are: first, praise of humankind in time of crisis, and faith in human perfectibility; second, essentially romantic poems commemorating a lost heroic age. His approach is to use metaphor for the war-poems, and developed imagery for the reflective poems. -- Chapter V: The poetic impulse behind Poems 1943-47 is Day Lewis’s disintegrating marriage; and the best poems of this volume are on this topic. His affinities with Meredith are evident in both content and technique. -- Chapter VI:  Day Lewis's last three volumes — An Italian Visit, Pegasus, and The Gate — are largely restatements of earlier themes. These volumes show increasing care in technique, but they lack the emotional base of much of his earlier work. Pegasus is the best volume of the three. -- Chapter VII: An attempt is made to account for Day Lewis's technical experimentation. His various styles are illustrated, and a final assessment of his poetic achievement is attempted. Day Lewis is a good poet in a minor poetic age: a poet whose reputation rests with his lyrics.


identifier: Snow, David Ross <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Snow=3ADavid_Ross=3A=3A.html>   (1970) The spirit of a time: James Thompson's poetical use of philosophical, religious, scientific, and socio-political ideas.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The poetry of James Thomson is an interesting subject for the study of the philosophical, religious, scientific, and socio-political ideas prevalent in the first half of the eighteenth century. Philosophy and science were rapidly completing the process of rehabilitating nature. Sir Isaac Newton and the Third Earl of Shaftesbury, along with various other so-called "physico-theologians" and rationalists, were largely responsible for a new movement of "sympathy with nature". Thomson is a foremost example of how poets popularized the new movement by taking advantage of the aesthetic possibilities it afforded. -- The purpose of this thesis is to demonstrate how Thomson, as poet, is involved in a process of assimilation and transfiguration (by the use of various techniques that are peculiarly his own) of the knowledge and theories of his day. Shorter compositions such as To the Memory of Sir Isaac Newton and Britannia illustrate Thomson's handling of the ideas mentioned above, but it is from The Seasons. A Hymn, Liberty, and The Castle of Indolence that we piece together his unique poetic vision of man, nature, and God. Thomson is eclectic, but his method consists of remoulding, juxtaposing, and fusing his raw materials. Like Shaftesbury, Thomson is concerned with the natural harmony, order, and beauty of the works of creation; his indebtedness to the moralist's ideas emerges as the structural principles around which The Seasons is built. -- Thomson's religion (strongly deistic) stems from his view of external nature, but he synthesizes ideas from various sources so long as they accord with this view of nature. -- Ideas drawn from Newton's Optics, indeed all passages of scientific detail, are carefully worked into the total pattern of a poem and function as legitimate parts of that pattern. Thomson's use of Newtonian ideas of gravitation, the nature of light, and even of geographical materials, is related to his religious motif. Passages incorporating such material continue to emphasize the power, beneficence, beauty, harmony, and sublimity associated with nature, and its designer, the "all-perfect Hand". -- Our subject is essentially the relationship of literature (in this case the poetry of Thomson) and ideas - ideas such as have traditionally aroused the feelings. The ideas of primitivism and progress in Thomson are not so unresolved, or such a flaw, as they have sometimes been thought to be. As a matter of fact, more than anything else they help illustrate his poetic technique. Other examples of ideas which have traditionally aroused the feelings would be those of men's relation to external nature, the Deity, and to one another. It is with the latter example - men's relation to one another, their place in society, social and political organization - that Thomson is concerned in Liberty, and to some extent in Britannia and Rule, Britannia! Through the assimilation of contemporary political events and philosophy, and the application of Shaftesburyian ethics to past and future history, Liberty emerges as a highly idealistic theory of social life and government, a complete imaginative whole. The primitivistic attitude sometimes evident in The Seasons appears in Liberty as the basis of his ideal theory of social and political liberty. The world view which emerges from the latter poem is consistent with that of The Seasons. The ideas underlying his theory of liberty and progress are part of his original scheme of cosmic unity and harmony. -- The philosophical, religious, scientific, and socio-political "ideas" reflected in Thomson's poetry function as integral parts of the total patterns of these poems. They result in a poetry which is the emotional equivalent of the thought which it assimilates.


identifier: Saha, Krishna Kanta <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Saha=3AKrishna_Kanta=3A=3A.html>   (1996) On the order statistics from correlated normal distribution.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The inferences for the order statistics for normal random variables with a general correlation structure, where correlations can be unequal or equal, positive or negative are discussed in this thesis. Specifically, based on a small correlations approach, we, first, develop the joint density function of the order statistics under the general correlation set-up. We. then, provide an approximation for the distribution of a single order statistic under the same correlation set-up. Special attention is given to the derivations for the distributions of the maxima and minima. The computational aspects of the distribution of the maxima, for example, are discussed in details for the homoscedastic equi-correlation, homoscedastic unequal correlations, and heteroscedastic unequal correlations cases. The applications of the proposed small correlations approach to compute the percentile points of the maxima are shown for the homoscedastic correlated normal variables following a stationary auto-regressive process of order one, and for the heteroscedastic correlated normal variables following a nonstationary antedependence model. Furthermore, the small correlations approach for the maxima is compared with the Bonferroni bounds approximation for unequally homoscedastic and heteroscedastic correlated normal variables.


identifier: Graham, Mark Stephen <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Graham=3AMark_Stephen=3A=3A.html>   (1985) Oxygen uptake and delivery in cold temperate marine teleosts.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Aspects of respiratory and circulatory physiology were investigated in the winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) and the sea raven (Hemitripterus americanus). The physical and physiological factors affecting oxygen uptake and delivery were the main foci of the research. Hemoglobin function, blood flow to the tissues, and the operation of cardiac muscle during different seasons were investigated. The influence of temperature on the acclimatization process was investigated. -- A significant difference in oxygen uptake at the gills (V₀₂) was found in the seasonally acclimatized flounder (Q₁₀ = 2.4; winter temperature was 0.5°C, and summer temperature was 9.5°C). Comparable changes were observed in the cardiac output (Vb) and ventilation volume (Vw) of the winter flounder. The gills of winter fish were more resistant to oxygen uptake, yet the oxygen tension of arterial blood (Pₐ₀₂) in winter fish did not differ from that of summer fish. -- A number of findings point to or suggest the causes of changes in oxygen resistance of the gills during seasonal acclimatization. In vitro blood viscosity of the winter flounder, especially at temperatures below 10°C, shows a great sensitivity to changes in temperature. Viscosity measurements in situ indicate that at lower temperatures blood tends to flow through larger, less resistant blood vessels, so that the surface area for oxygen transfer to the blood is limited in winter fish gills. However, a slower blood flow rate during the winter, and seasonal changes in blood components, assist in maintaining arterial oxygen tension. As indicated by studies on the sea raven heart in situ, winter acclimatized fish have diminished ability to produce a cardiac output. During the winter there is a significant increase in concentration of total hemoglobin and a significant shift toward higher hemoglobin-oxygen affinity. -- Intraerythrocytic components such as H⁺, C1⁻, and nucleotide triphosphates (NTP) influence hemoglobin-oxygen affinity in the winter flounder. Temperature influences the concentration of intraerythrocytic modifiers, and seasonal changes tend to support shifts in oxygen affinity. -- It is concluded that temperature plays a significant role in effecting physiological changes during acclimatization to the seasons. The physical effects of temperature upon blood flow and oxygen uptake at the gills are opposed by alterations in blood components meeting metabolic demands while maintaining oxygen tension.


identifier: LeFort, Sandra Mary <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/LeFort=3ASandra_Mary=3A=3A.html>   (1989) Pain and disability in low back injured individuals participating in a physical fitness program.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in (a) components of physical fitness, and (b) self-reports of pain, disability and three psychological variables (mood, self-esteem, and state/trait anxiety) in 43 subjects with either acute or chronic low back pain who completed at least 8 weeks in a group physical fitness program in a fitness facility.  A within-subjects repeated measures design was employed with each subject serving as his/her own control. Results from MANOVA analyses indicated significant improvement over the 8-week period in both cardiorespiratory aerobic fitness and muscular strength.  Concurrently, significant improvements were found in self-reports of pain intensity, pain-related disability, state anxiety and the vigor subscale of mood.  Taken as a whole, the results suggest that participation in a structured physical fitness program may play a role in the management of idiopathic low back pain. -- Key Words: acute low back pain; chronic low back pain; aerobic exercise; self-esteem; anxiety; mood; disability; Workers' Compensation.


identifier: Laite, Linda Margaret (Button) <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Laite=3ALinda_Margaret_=28Button=29=3A=3A.html>   (1990) Paired reading : a structured technique for enhancing the reading level of grade two children.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This sixteen week study compared the gains made in word identification, reading comprehension, and meaning vocabulary of two groups (control and experimental) of grade two children. The purpose of the study was to instruct parents in an easy but effective procedure known as paired reading which could result in increased reading levels in their children. The impact of the paired reading procedure on reading achievement was estimated by an ordinary least squares regression method. The outcome variables were reading comprehension, word identification and meaning vocabulary. -- To control for the possible confounding effects of age and sex, these variables were added to the equations as covariates. Thus, the impact of the treatment (paired reading between parent and child) on word identification, reading comprehension and meaning vocabulary were estimated while controlling for age and sex. -- Both groups of children continued to receive regular classroom instruction in reading. The paired reading procedure was used only with the experimental group; therefore, paired reading is referred to as the treatment. It was found that the impact of paired reading on reading comprehension and meaning vocabulary was negligible; however, the relationship was in the expected direction. The impact of treatment on word identification was statistically significant at the 0.1 level. -- In sum, in this study the paired reading technique seemed to be a viable and easily learned method by which parents could be taught to enhance the reading levels of their children, especially in the area of word identification. These findings may have important implications for teachers who are concerned about continued reading failure in children and who seek the help of parents in remediating such failures.


identifier: Munro, Catherine Anne M. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Munro=3ACatherine_Anne_M=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1995) Paragigantocellularis potentiation of perforant path input to the dentate gyrus is attenuated by local β adrenergic blockade but not by LTP saturation.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In vitro work indicates that both frequency mediated potentiation (LTP) and norepinephrine mediated potentiation (NEP) in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus are attenuated by NMDA receptor blockade and/or β-receptor blockade, suggesting both forms of potentiation converge on a single form of plasticity (Stanton, Mody, & Heinemann, 1989) . However, in vivo work by Frizzell and Harley (Frizzell & Harley, 1994) indicates that locus coeruleus activated NEP can be induced when LTP has been occluded by intradentate application of the NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine. This suggests that in vivo NEP is independent of the LTP plasticity mechanism. The present study further explores the LTP/NE relationship. -- Stimulation of the nucleus paragigantocellularis (PGi) with a 333 Hz train 30 ms prior to single pulse stimulation of the perforant path (PP) input to the hippocampus results in presumed adrenergic mediated short-term potentiation of PP-evoked potentials recorded in the dentate gyrus which is occluded by a systemic β-blocker (Babstock & Harley, 1992). This form of NEP was used in the present study. Using both timolol and saline filled recording pipettes placed in the dentate gyrus, it was demonstrated that PGi stimulation is an effective method of producing NEP, that PGi-induced potentiation is locally mediated by β-receptors in the dentate gyrus and that LTP can be produced in the presence of intradentate application of β-blockers. Further, local β-blockade marginally reduces LTP induction but β-blockade has no effect on final LTP magnitude. An apparently independent PGi-induced potentiation persists following LTP saturation and following LTP saturation, PGi-induced potentiation can again be shown to be β-receptor dependent. These results support the hypothesis that there are two distinct, independent forms of plasticity which can be initiated in the dentate gyrus, β-mediated and NMDA mediated. Further, the changes induced by NE and high frequency stimulation appear to be additive.


identifier: Dhanaraj, Charles. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Dhanaraj=3ACharles=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1990) Parallel processing of manipulator dynamics incorporating frictional effects.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Real-time computation of the inverse dynamics of robotic manipulators is required for ensuring robust control. This thesis presents a modified Newton-Euler algorithm which makes use of symbolic programming for improved computational efficiency. A scheme for modeling the frictional effects at the joints as well as the transmissions for robotic mechanisms is outlined with an illustrative case-study for the PUMA-560 manipulator. The algorithm is parallelized using a Task Streamlining Approach' - a systematic mapping scheme using layered task graphs to create the list schedule and a simplified bin-packing heuristic algorithm to schedule the computations on a multiprocessor. The resulting computational load for dynamic torques without friction, is only 12n+9 arithmetic operations, where n is the number of links in the manipulator, indicating a promise for application to precision robot control employing a high sampling rate.


identifier: Samir Ayed, Amr <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Samir_Ayed=3AAmr=3A=3A.html>   (1997) Parametric cost estimating of highway projects using neural networks.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Contractors' experience on previous projects can undoubtedly be considered as an important asset that can help preventing mistakes and also increases the chances of success in similar future encounters. Construction cost data collected from past projects may be used to support cost estimating at different stages of a project's life cycle. At early stages of a project, parametric cost estimate is performed when detailed project information is lacking. The usable historical data at this level pertain to the characteristics of past projects (e.g., location, size, complexity), their construction environment (e.g., market, weather, year), in addition to the associated costs spent. The large number of these factors in addition to other external political, environmental, and technological risks, represent a complex problem in establishing accurate cost estimating models and have thus contributed to the inadequacy of traditional cost estimating techniques. -- This thesis uses a non-traditional estimating tool, Neural Networks, to provide an effective cost-data management for highway projects and accordingly develops a realistic cost estimating model. Neural Networks are techniques based on advances in Artificial Intelligence branch of computer science. They have recently been used as a new information management tool in many construction applications to provide an effective cost estimating tool for highway construction cost data. In the present study, the characteristic factors that affect the cost of highway construction have been identified and actual cases of highway and bridge projects constructed in Newfoundland during the past five years have been used as the source of cost data. The structure of a Neural Network template has been formed on a spreadsheet and three different techniques, Backpropagation training, Simplex Optimization and Genetic Algorithms, have been utilized to determine the optimum Neural Networks model. The resulting optimum model has been coded on Microsoft Excel in a user-friendly program to predict the outcomes for new cases. In addition, the proposed model provides a methodology to account for uncertainty in the user's assessment of project factors by measuring the sensitivity of the model to changes in cost-related parameters. It also enables the user to re-optimize the model on new historical encounters and accordingly adapt the model to new environments. The capabilities and limitations of the developed model have been discussed along with the expected future research in this domain.


identifier: Zhang, Yanming <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Zhang=3AYanming=3A=3A.html>   (1993) Parametric identification for ship roll motion.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis presents a systematic study of the parametric identification and probability description of ship roll motion. A new method for parametric identification using modulating function technique is proposed. The method provides an easier way of solving a wide range of ship roll parametric identification problems including parametric identification from free roll decay data, forced roll data and randomly excited roll data. Another advantage is that it can he used to estimate the parameters of nonlinear damping moment, nonlinear-time-dependent restoring moment and the strength of excitation from measured roll response without necessarily knowing the excitation. This makes the prediction of ship dynamic stability possible because the ship roll parameters can be obtained from only the roll response of a ship. Furthermore, the new method avoids a main source of computational error which results from the numerical differentiation of the measured data which is used by many current parametric identification methods, and therefore it can produce more accurate results. -- The second part of the work deals with the probability description of roll motion. From estimated roll parameters, the joint probability distribution of roll angle and velocity as well as probability distribution of peaks of roll motion are derived using the Markov approximation. -- The method has been validated by applying it to analyse several ship roll data including the following, (1) experimental roll data of four ship models; (2) numerically simulated roll data; (3) measured roll data of a full scale ship at sea. In all the above applications, the proposed method has been found to produce more satisfying results. -- The probability distributions of the roll angle, roll velocity and peaks of roll motion obtained by a numerical approximation also show a good agreement with the relevant histograms of the experimental data. All these results suggest that the proposed method is a successful approach for the ship roll motion study.


identifier: Lee, Eugene M. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Lee=3AEugene_M=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1994) Parasitic fauna, diet and length-weight-age relationships of cod stocks off coastal Labrador within NAFO Divisions 2H and 2J.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua Linnaeus 1758) were sampled on coastal Labrador in August of 1985 at Makkovik (northern portion of NAFO (North Atlantic Fisheries Organization) division 2J) and at St. Lewis (southern portion of NAFO division 2J). A number of biological parameters were compared between the sample areas. These included length- weight-age relationships, diet, and parasitic fauna (nematodes, trematodes, acanthocephalans, and myxozoans). Cod from the two areas were significantly different from each other in prevalences and abundances of nematodes, an acanthocephalan, and a myxozoan. This indicated that separate sub-stocks of cod might exist within the all- encompassing Labrador - East Newfoundland cod stock complex. The present study was carried out in 1986 and 1987 with the same methodology but a larger scope. Sampling at St. Lewis was repeated in 1986 and 1987, sampling at Makkovik was repeated in 1986, three offshore sites parallel to these areas were sampled in February of 1986, and a sample was taken from the more northerly location of Nain (NAFO division 2H) in September of 1987. The results did not concur with the previous work. Prevalence and abundance levels of parasites examined were found to vary significantly with respect to both time and location. No consistently significant patterns were observed for any of the biological parameters examined. Based upon this result it was concluded that Atlantic cod which occur in NAFO divisions 2H and 2J cannot be distinguished in this way.


identifier: Birt, Victoria Louise <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Birt=3AVictoria_Louise=3A=3A.html>   (1987) Parental activity budgets and energy expenditures of Northern Gannets (Sula bassanus).  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Activity budgets and energy expenditures were measured simultaneously using doubly labeled water and activity timers on 19 free-living Northern Gannets (Sula bassanus) rearing chicks at Funk Island, Newfoundland, in 1984-1985. Gannets expended a mean of 5140±777 kJ·d⁻¹ (n＝30 sample intervals), or 6.9 x basal metabolic rate (BMR), about twice the level predicted from allometric equations. Daily energy, expenditures (DEE) increased with the proportion of time spent away from the nest ('foraging'). Multiple regression analysis indicated a nest-site metabolic rate (EMR) of 112±36.5 kJ·h⁻¹, a flying metabolic rate of 382±115 kJ·h⁻¹ and a surface swimming metabolic rate (including resting on water) of 159±96.5 kJ·h⁻¹. Time budgets were approximately evenly divided among nest attendance, swimming and flying; 19±8% of DEE was expended in nest attendance, 25±10% swimming and 56±12% flying (n＝ll). Study birds spent 19% less time in nest attendance than control animals, and time spent resting on water was probably inflated due to handling. Gannets obtained a mean of 2.5±0.7 kJ of food per kJ expended foraging. Thermoregulatory requirements and high costs for plunge-diving could help to explain the high energy expenditures. It is hypothesized that the 4 x BMR maximum sustainable level of energy expenditure for free-living animals may actually be closer to 4 x standard metabolic rate. DEE did not differ between sexes and decreased with chick age, probably due to decreased foraging demands on the parents. Chick-feeding in gannets may be constrained by energy expenditures and/or digestion as opposed to time budgets or food shortages.


identifier: Crowley, Marian R.(Marian Regina) <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Crowley=3AMarian_R=2E=28Marian_Regina=29=3A=3A.html>   (1990) Parents' perceptions of the influence of genetic counselling on reproductive decision-making following the birth of a child with neural tube defect.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Neural tube defect (NTD) is a common genetic (multifactorial) disorder in Newfoundland and Labrador. This descriptive study explored parents perceptions' of genetic counselling for this condition. The purpose of this study was to assess how parents of children with a neural tube defect perceive genetic counselling, as well as other related factors, and how these influences impact on their reproductive decisions. -- Parents of children born in Newfoundland between May, 1984 and June, 1987 who also received genetic counselling regarding this condition were contacted by mail with a questionnaire designed by the researcher. The sample consisted of 55 subjects (31 mothers and 24 fathers) from 31 families. -- Data were collected exploring the parents' recall of the recurrence risk of NTD; their interpretations of this risk; the impact of genetic counselling on subsequent procreative decisions; perceptions of prenatal diagnosis; the influence of decision-making factors other than recurrence risk; and, the actual reproductive behavior ensuing genetic counselling. -- Although parents reported minimal influence of genetic counselling on reproductive decision-making, they appeared to be using the information obtained during genetic counselling to facilitate their decisions. They also appeared to be using a myriad of other family oriented factors in making reproductive decisions including the wishes of their partners, fulfillment as parents and taking care of their other children. Other influences such as religion, relatives' influence, and career goals appeared to have less important roles. -- This study concluded that parents not only used the information obtained from genetic counselling in making reproductive decisions, but many other factors interacted to arrive at the reproductive outcome. -- Interpretation of the findings and implications of the research for nursing practice are presented. Suggestions for future pertinent research are discussed.


identifier: Hall, Mary Patricia <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Hall=3AMary_Patricia=3A=3A.html>   (1991) On 'The Rock' in a hard place : role overload, role conflict and role strain among crown prosecutors in a Canadian province.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis examines the occupation of Crown prosecutor in one Canadian province during a period of rapid change in both the Criminal Justice System and the society as a whole. It is an exploratory study which provides detailed, contemporary information about the experience of being a Crown attorney. The sociological concept of role is utilized as a mechanism for understanding the position of prosecutor with a particular focus on the extent and nature of experienced role overload, role conflict and role strain. Conclusions drawn from this research suggest that crown attorneys are highly strained as a result of role overload and role conflict. The levels of role overload, especially quantitative role overload, are reported to be extremely high. It is argued that such excessive degrees of overload escalate and intensify the experience of role conflict and make felt role conflict less amenable to solution. The great burden of strain under which crown attorneys work exacts costs from them as individuals and from the criminal justice system as a whole.


identifier: Copeman, Margaret E. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Copeman=3AMargaret_E=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1989) Parent-staff communication in early childhood centers.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The study focused on communication between the parents and the staffs of early childhood centers. It examined: directors', teachers', and parents' attitudes towards parent-staff communication; the procedures and practices used by directors and teachers to facilitate communication between parents and staff; and the methods used by parents to communicate with the staff of centers. -- Sixteen centers on the Avalon Peninsula were randomly selected. All the directors were interviewed; all the teachers (52) and one-half of the parents (317) received a questionnaire. The return rates were 96 and 74 percent for teachers and parents, respectively. -- The results suggest that generally, a positive attitude exists towards parent-teacher communication. Most centers employ a variety of communication practices with varying success, despite the lack of formal attention to this area. Only a few centers enforce specific policies that give parent-staff communication the importance that the literature suggests it warrants. The results of this study suggest that in most cases, parents and teachers have not yet attained a 'partnership approach' to the care and education of young children. -- Recommendations are made to licencing bodies and to the instructors of early childhood training programs. Suggestions for further research in the area of parent-staff communications are included.