identifier: Scott, G. Douglas <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Scott=3AG=2E_Douglas=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Leadership and ideology in conflict : an analysis of the Progressive Conservative Party of Newfoundland and Labrador 1995-96.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis analyzes the roles of factionalism and ideology as factors in the political defeat of the first female leader of the Progressive Conservative (PC) Party of Newfoundland and Labrador. Lynn Verge was elected leader of the party in April 1995 by a narrow margin of three votes and defeated by the electorate of the province on February 22,1996 before resigning as PC leader several days later. -- This thesis argues that Lynn Verge's electoral defeat was preceded by internal factional infighting which denied her the opportunity to develop effective leadership. Historical issues affecting the leadership of the PC Party are examined, including the effects of accommodation and coalition-building on party ideology through both good times and bad — when the PC Party formed government and when they were in opposition. It is argued that the factionalism which split the party was just one of four factors which led to the defeat of the PC Party in the 1996 provincial election. The three contributing and inter-related factors which exacerbated the factionalism included: the opposition status of the PC Party between 1989 and 1996; the introduction of the ideology of feminism to a party already split along right-left conservative views; and the incapacity of Lynn Verge as leader when authority and legitimacy of leadership were denied her by the PC caucus. -- The greatest influence on the PC Party in the period under study was the competing values of the two factions within caucus. These competing values became much more rigid when the influence of Lynn Verge's feminism caused those on the left of the conservative political spectrum to move slightly further to the left, and those on the right ofthe same spectrum to become resistant to attempts by Verge and her followers to change the party. -- The PC Party had been in opposition to the governing Liberals from 1989, and an entrenched opposition syndrome worked against the party's efforts to establish itself as a viable alternative to the Liberals. The thesis argues that leadership of a political party is one of the key influences to mitigate against factional infighting and the opposition syndrome, and that Lynn Verge was denied the opportunity to lead because she failed - because of inaction — to meet the challenge of leadership, and she failed because she was denied the legitimacy of leadership by a divided caucus.


identifier: Keough, Erin M. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Keough=3AErin_M=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1996) Telecommunications policy communities and policy options for rural areas.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

type: Thesis NonPeerReviewed

format: application/pdf application/pdf

abstract: In the last two decades, largely fuelled by advances in computer technology, there have been rapid and significant changes in telecommunications technologies and networks. Reasonably priced access to telecommunications/information networks is becoming a necessary component to community economic viability.  Given the speed of change, and the increase in importance and pervasiveness of telecommunications infrastructure and services, policy and the policy community in the domain are also in a phase of rapid growth and development. -- This thesis documents changes in the telecommunications policy community in Canada and in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador during the last 15 years.  It reviews a number of telecommunications policy options used in other countries with substantial rural regions.  Finally, using Newfoundland and Labrador as a case study, it suggests policy options that might be employed to enhance opportunities for rural areas to have great access to more sophisticated networks, and thus be able to participate more fully in the economic benefits afforded by such access.


identifier: Mao, Huanyu <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Mao=3AHuanyu=3A=3A.html>   (1991) Synthesis and investigations of new electronically and ionically conducting polymers.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The electronically and ionically conducting ion exchange polymers, protonatedpoly-[3-(pyrrol-l-ylmethyl)pyridine](poly-HPMP+), poly-[l-methyl-3- (pyrrol-l-ylmethyl)pyridinium tetrafluoroborate] (poly-MPMP+BF4-), poly-[l-(3- [pyrrol~3-yl]propyl)pyridinium tetrafluoroborate] (poly-PPP+BF4-) and poly-[(3- [pyrrol-3-yl]propyl)trimethylammonium tetrafluoroborate] (poly-PPTA+BF4-) have been electrochemically synthesised. Elemental analysis, cyclic voltammetry, gravimetry and scanning electron microscopy have been used to characterize the prepared polymers. The structures and electrochemical properties of these polymers are similar to those of other N- and 3-substituted polypyrrole based polymers. However, the high concentration (5 ~ 6 M) of permanent positively charged sites improve their electrochemical properties. -- The in situ electronic conductivity of poly-MPMP+ was measured using rotating disc voltammetry. An empirical method was developed to extract potential profiles and conductivities from rotating disc voltammograms of ferrocene at poly-MPMP+ coated electrodes. This treatment was tested using in situ dual electrode methods, and confirmed. A relationship between the polymer conductivity and potential was obtained.   The electronic conductivity increases exponentially with potential (90 mV per decade) and levels off when the potential is more positive than the polymer's formal potential. -- Ion exchange properties, such as the binding of an anionic electroeatalyst, for poly-MPMP+, poly-PPP+ and poly-PPTA+ have been quantitatively investigated. The partition coefficients of ferrocyanide for these polymers range from 3.2 x 104 to 5.5 x 104 and their saturation concentrations are 1.3 ~ 1.4 M. The charge transport of ferrocyanide is faster in poly-PPP+ and poly-PPTA+ than in poly-MPMP+ due to the significant difference in each polymer's conductivity at the formal potential of ferrocyanide. -- Transport of I-, CI-, and Fe(CN)64- in poly-MPMP+ have been studied using rotating disc voltammetry and ionic conductivity methods. Ion transport in the film is strongly dependent on the solvent. The diffusion coefficient of I- in water (1.5 x 10-7 cm2 s-1) is over 2 orders of magnitude higher than in acetonitrile. Poly- MPMP+ is significantly more permeable in water than polypyrrole. The diffusion coefficient for Fe(CN)64- is over 3 orders of magnitude higher than in reduced polypyrrole. The increased solvation and swelling of poly-MPMP+ in water, which are due to the high concentration of positively charged sites in the polymer, result in improved ion transport properties. -- Ascorbic acid oxidation is catalysed by these polymers (pH = 7.4) and mediated by electrostatically bound Fe(CN)64- (pH = 2.3). Cyclic voltammograms for ascorbate oxidation show that the peak potential at poly-PPTA+ coated Pt electrodes can be as much as 350 mV less than that at a bare Pt electrode. The peak current for poly-PPP+ coated electrodes is more than 10 times greater than that at a bare Pt electrode. The 3-substituted polymers (poly-PPP+ and poly- PPTA+) show a greater electron transfer rate than does the N-substituted polymer (poly-MPMP+), mainly due to the higher electronic conductivity for 3-substituted polymers at the ascorbate oxidation potential. The three polymers have enhanced, analytically significant peak currents which have allowed the generation of linear calibration curves for the analysis of ascorbic acid in aqueous solution.


identifier: Coffin, Carla S. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Coffin=3ACarla_S=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1997) Persistence of infectious hepadnavirus in offspring born to mothers convalescent from hepatitis in the woodchuck model of hepatitis B.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is primarily an hepatotropic vims, although evidence of viral infection in lymphoid cells has also been observed. The virus induces life-threatening liver diseases, such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma and is a major public health problem with more than 300 million chronically infected people worldwide. It is also evident that transmission of HBV from infected mothers to their babies is the most important mechanism by which the virus is maintained within the population. Recent findings have established the existence of a serologically undetectable persistent carrier state of HBV in apparently completely healthy individuals convalescent from an acute episode of hepatitis B. In these individuals, traces of HBV genomes were documented in serum and circulating lymphoid cells years after recovery. Related findings of the life-long hepadnaviral persistence after a transient exposure to woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) has been demonstrated in this laboratory in a woodchuck model of hepatitis B. -- The current study was undertaken to learn about the  risk of hepadnavirus transmission to newborn woodchucks from mothers with complete serological  recovery from experimentally induced viral hepatitis and about natural course and molecular features of  virus persistence in these offspring. The specific aims of this investigation were: (1) to determine whether hepadnaviral genomes can be transmitted from maternal woodchucks with a past episode of acute WHV hepatitis to their offspring; (2) if in fact this vertical transmission occurs, to identify reservoirs of hepadnavirus replication during long-term follow-up of these newborn animals; (3) to characterize physicochemical properties of molecules carrying WHV DNA in sera of these offspring; (4) to test whether silent carriage of WHV genomes acquired after vertical transmission reflects the existence of biologically competent virus infectious to WHV-naive woodchucks, and (5) to determine whether the offspring carrying WHV traces are susceptible to WHV infection. In this work, 11 offspring born to 4 woodchuck mothers convalescent from an acute episode of viral hepatitis were investigated. -- Our results have shown that  serologically silent WHV carriage acquired after a self-limited episode of viral hepatitis is transmittable  from mothers to newborns as an asymptomatic chronic infection. Importantly, all of the offspring tested  carried WHV DNA through the entire follow-up, lasting for more then 3 years after birth, and remained nonreactive for immunovirological markers of WHV infection unless challenged with WHV. WHV DNA and RNA specific sequences were detectable both in the liver and lymphoid cells in the majority of the animals, although in some offspring WHV persisted exclusively at a extrahepatic location in the lymphatic system. Particles carrying WHV DNA in sera of offspring with WHV genomes in both the liver and lymphoid cells or the lymphatic system alone had physicochemical properties comparable to those of complete WHV virions. In addition, virus contained in offspring sera with or without WHV DNA expression in the liver as well as, culture supernatant from mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells were infectious to WHV-naive woodchucks. Finally, despite silent carriage of WHV traces, the offspring were susceptible to WHV challenge. Since there are significant pathobiological similarities between HBV and WHV, it is possible that a comparable situation may exist in babies born from mothers with a past history of hepatitis B.


identifier: Broders, Hugh G. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Broders=3AHugh_G=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1998) Population genetic structure and the effect of founder events on the genetic variability of moose (Alces alces) in Canada.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The evolutionary potential of any species is dependent upon its genetic variability. An understanding of the factors that influence loss or gain of genetic variability within a species can help us understand and prevent extinction. One such event that is expected to reduce genetic variation is the founding of a new population from a small number of individuals. Three such founder events have occurred through the founding of moose populations on the island of Cape Breton from Alberta, on the island of Newfoundland from New Brunswick and on the Avalon Peninsula from the island of Newfoundland. In order to determine the effects of these introductions on genetic variation in moose I have examined DNA mierosatellite variation at five polymorphic loci in moose samples from throughout Canada, including all source and founder populations. -- Canadian moose can be assigned to  seven distinct populations: Avalon Peninsula-Newfoundland, Central Newfoundland-Northern Peninsula,  Labrador. New Brunswick. Cape Breton. Ontario and Alberta. Cluster analysis shows two distinct groups   of populations, one including Alberta and Cape Breton and the second including Avalon Peninsula-Newfoundland. Central Newfoundland-Northern Peninsula, Labrador. New- Brunswick and Ontario. These two groups correspond to two recognized subspecies. -- Four measures of  genetic variability, observed and expected heterozygosity, the probability of identity and the mean  number of alleles, show that genetic variability is reduced in all  founder populations relative to their  source populations. However, genetic variability in the founder populations is in some cases comparable  to that in populations that have not undergone founder events. Risks associated with any particular level  of variability must be assessed relative to specific populations.


identifier: Roberts, Gola Mildred Blanche Andrews <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Roberts=3AGola_Mildred_Blanche_Andrews=3A=3A.html>   (1994) Postpartum adaptation : first-time mothers' experiences.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This descriptive, correlational study was designed to investigate factors that influence postpartum adaptation by first-time mothers.  One purpose was to examine how first time mothers perceive their network structure, perceived social support, and postpartum adaptation.  A second purpose was to investigate the relationships among network structure, perceived social support, personal factors, and postpartum adaptation.  A third purpose was to assess the affects of personal factors on network structure, perceived social support, and postpartum adaptation. -- A non-probability, convenience sample of sixty-five women were recruited from four physician clinics in St. John's and the surrounding area, and the Eastern Health Unit.  Two instruments, the Social Network Inventory (SNI) and Postpartum Self-Evaluation Questionnaire (PSQ) were used for data collection in this study.  Demographic Data Sheet (DDS) was also used for data collection. -- Descriptive data were generated for the PSQsubscales, social network, perceived social support, and personal characteristics.  Intercorrelations were derivedfor each of the PSQ subscales and the SNI types of support variables.  Correlation coefficients were computed for the subscales of the PSQ and the SNI.  The t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used to examine the effects of personal factors on the PSQ subscales, social networks and perceived social support. Step-wise multiple regression analysis was also used to identify the best predictors (social support or personal properties) of postpartum adaptation. -- Study results indicated that most demographic, health, and knowledge and experience variables had a significant effect on at least one of the PSQ subscales. But only maternal age and prenatal class attendance demonstrated any significant effect on network structure, and maternal age, maternal occupation and prenatal class attendance on types of support provided by members of the network.  Results of the relationships among network structure, types of support and psychosocial adaptation depicted low and non-significant correlations for the most part. Only material and comparison support correlated significantly with any of the PSQ scales.  The resulting correlation coefficient values were also low. Additionally, the only network structure variables that revealed a significant correlation with the PSQ scales were percent kin, percent female members, percent female kin and percent male kin.  Again the resulting coefficient values were low. -- One important recommendation is the need for nurses to focus on the changes that occur in social supports, extraneous variables and psychosocial adaptation over time.  This suggests the need for the use of more longitudinal research designs, inclusion of findings on time dependent changes in educational curricula, and incorporation of change findings into nursing practice.


identifier: Swamidas, Joshua Arasakumar <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Swamidas=3AJoshua_Arasakumar=3A=3A.html>   (1997) Predicting missing marker positions in simulated gait analysis systems.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
Modern computer-aided vision motion systems provide a computerized and fully integrated
tool kit for biomechanical measurement and analysis. These tools are useful for evaluation
of problems, prescription of treatment and evaluation of such treatment. Many of these
systems use reflective markers placed on key anatomical sites of the body to detect accurate
three-dimensional spatial positions of the limbs being measured. While these systems ease
automated data gathering, there are issues, such as the correspondence between an observed
target and an established track, that require significant human intervention when markers
disappear from view for short periods of time. When the system loses sight of a marker, it
has no way of knowing where that marker will reappear and the track becomes broken or
disjointed. Once the missing marker comes back into view, many current systems do not
easily establish an association between the marker and its original track. -- In this thesis a solution to the problem of making correspondence between markers and their
track histories was designed and tested. This solution also provided the capability of
predicting the path of markers when they were out of view of the cameras. To test the
algorithm three different repetitive motions were tracked using the Flock of Birds
measurement system. -- The solution used a three-state Kalman filter to predict marker locations. The Kalman filter was coupled with constraints to determine matches between tracks and their corresponding
marker positions. These constraints modelled a Region of Acceptance (ROA), distance from
the center of the ROA to the last known position of a marker, and velocity matching. -- The Kalman predictor algorithm, because it is linear in nature, was able to predict the motion
accurately while there was no change in acceleration. However, the Kalman predictor,
coupled with the constraints, was useful in predicting and matching markers over a longer
(100-500% longer) missing interval than the test case. -- To improve the prediction and matching capabilities of the Kalman predictor algorithm a
physical motion modelm, that considers angular rotations at joints, was developed. The model
is named the angular component model. This algorithm used an estimated or pre-measured
motion model to check the location of the Kalman predictor. If the prediction did not match
the model (within certain error bounds), it was corrected by the model algorithm using a
calculation process that estimated the location of the marker based on its model. The
addition of this algorithm to the Kalman prediction algorithm improved the prediction and
matching capabilities. The matching worked well over the length of a 2 second gap (the
longest used in testing) and the prediction of the marker path was excellent. The use of this
model with the available tracking algorithms used in gait analysis will help in preventing the
problem of disappearing markers in computer vision systems.


identifier: Spurrell, R. Bruce <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Spurrell=3AR=2E_Bruce=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Predicting physics achievement : a hierarchical model of student perceptions, student backgrounds, and school characteristics.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of this paper was to develop a model to predict physics achievement. A population of about 1500 students was used to explain approximately 64% of the variance found in high school physics marks. The model was developed using proximal and distal variables derived from an educational productivity theory. The model contains four student background characteristics (context variables), two student perception variables (transactional variables), and five school level variables (context variables) that were arranged and analyzed in a hierarchical fashion. The model supported the idea that proximal variables were more influential in predicting achievement than were distal variables. The model also indicated that student perceptions were important predictors of achievement but they were much less important than the student background characteristics such as prior achievement.


identifier: Gomes, Manuel do Carmo <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Gomes=3AManuel_do_Carmo=3A=3A.html>   (1991) Predictions under uncertainty : fish assemblages and food webs on the Grand Bank of Newfoundland.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Six broad zoogeographic areas on the Grand Bank, each characterized by a relatively homogeneous and persistent species composition, are identified, described, and mapped. The contours of these areas consistently recurred around the same geographic positions year after year (1971-82, 1984-87) and were found to be strongly aligned with bottom depth and oceanographic circulation on the Bank. Consideration of their overall biological coherence led to the reformulation of the original six areas into four major regions that are suggested to define an appropriate scale for studies at the community level on the Grand Bank. Within the two major zoogeographic regions, Southern and Northeastern, there is a complex network of feeding interactions whose major year-round features have been summarized in the form of stereotyped community food webs. On average, the Grand Bank food chains are short, as is the case in other marine food webs, but they exhibit an uncommon degree of omnivory. Examination of diet overlap of predators on the Grand Bank suggests that body size is the most important structuring factor of niche space. Press perturbations, a modeling exercise in which individuals of a given species are continuously removed from the community, are used to investigate the consequences of two major sources of uncertainty (uncertainty about model structure and about parameter values) that plague attempts to make predictions about long term changes in species abundance. It is shown that long term predictions are highly sensitive to details of interactions in community models and therefore community dynamics must be, to a large extent, indeterminate over time.


identifier: Kettle, Susan M. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Kettle=3ASusan_M=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors in young Newfoundland and Labrador adults living in rural and urban communities.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Newfoundland and Labrador has a higher rate of cardiovascular disease (CVD) than any other province in Canada. Many factors have been identified as being associated with a risk of developing CVD yet their presence has not been well studied in young adults and in urban versus rural residents. A group of 540 males and females 18-34 years residing in either rural or urban Newfoundland and Labrador were studied for education level, household income, cigarette smoking, physical activity and body size. Both education and household income were found to be significantly higher in urban as compared to rural residents. No difference was noted between the number of regular smokers in the two community groups. In regards to body size, no difference was noted between BMI levels of the two groups, however more female rural residents had a waist circumference above the accepted cut-off (32.5% vs. 17.0%). A difference was noted in physical activity at work with more rural residents than urban residents engaged in heavy labour (24.5% vs. 6.6%) and more urban residents than rural residents at sedentary jobs (22.7% vs. 9.9%). Young adults in both rural and urban centers experience modifiable risk factors. Prevention programs should be focused on young adults, especially those residing in rural areas.


identifier: Reddy, Vijay Subba <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Reddy=3AVijay_Subba=3A=3A.html>   (1993) Production of bispecific monoclonal antibodies recognising both carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and doxorubicin.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The objective of this project was to produce bispecific monoclonal antibodies (BsMabs) which recognise both the tumour associated carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin, as a complementary approach to the use of immunoconjugates for site specific drug delivery. A monoclonal anti-CEA hybridoma (11-285-14) was made sensitive to hypoxanthine, aminopterin and thymidine (HAT) , by back selecting it in increasing concentrations of 8-azaguanine. Eight 8-azaguanine resistant fusion partners were selected based on growth characteristics and continued anti-CEA production. As doxorubicin (Dox) is a hapten, it was conjugated to carrier proteins keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) or bovine serum albumin (BSA) using l-ethyl-3- (dimethyl-aminopropyl) carbodiimide. Dox-KLH arid Dox-BSA conjugates were employed to immunize mice and spleen cells were used for fusions with the HAT sensitive anti-CEA 11-285-14 using standard hybridoma procedures. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were developed to test the hybrids obtained for anti-CEA, anti-Dox, anti-BSA and dual bispecific activity. Sixteen fusions from Dox-KLH immunized mice yielded 621 hybrids of which 47 showed low level bispecificity. Eight fusions with Dox-BSA immunized mice yielded 297 hybrids. Hybrids showing dual activities were cloned and 7 out of 286 of the positive clones have been selected for expansion.


identifier: Cull, Deneen Jane <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Cull=3ADeneen_Jane=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Quantitative comparison of levels of organic wastes from four major sources at four scales along the Newfoundland coastline.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study compared the levels of organic wastes released along the  Newfoundland coastline From four different sources during the period 1992-1996. These sources include offal from fish plants, domestic sewage, aquaculture wastes (wasted feed and faeces) and sawmill wastes (bark, shavings, wood chips, slabs, sawdust). The total amount of organic wastes entering coastal waters had never been quantified before this study, and hence, comparisons of levels of wastes from different sources had not previously been made. The scattered information on sources of organic wastes was assembled in order to determine and compare the four major sources in Newfoundland. This study also determined whether spatial scale is a factor in determining the greatest and smallest sources of organic wastes released. The level of organic wastes released were quantified and compared at four scales along the Newfoundland coastline. Three hypotheses were addressed concern concerning the relative importance of the sources of the wastes:  i) The  level of organic wastes released from coastal sawmills is lower than that released from the other three sources. ii) At the spatial scale of the entire island the largest levels of organic wastes are from sewage, followed by fish plant offal, and finfish aquaculture. iii) The relative level of organic  wastes released from sewage, aquaculture, and offal differs according to spatial scale. As the scale studied becomes smaller (from the entire island, to coastal regions, to fisheries statistical areas, to fisheries statistical sections) either of the three sources could be the major contributor of organic wastes. -- At the largest spatial scale examined, the entire island, offal was the largest contributor of organic wastes, followed by sewage and sawmill wastes, with aquaculture as the smallest contributor of wastes. The region of the island with the greatest amount released into the coastal waters was the Avalon Peninsula, while the Northern Peninsula had the least amount of wastes being released. Two interesting trends were found in this investigation. First, aquaculture wastes are increasing at a high, steady rate in Newfoundland at a very localized coastal scale. This was not evident for the other sources of wastes studied. Secondly, although the offal levels for the entire island only increased slightly over the period studied, the form of the released offal changed greatly since the moratorium on Atlantic cod in 1992. Currently, there is a predominance of inorganic shells being released, which are more resistant to degradation than the flesh and viscera of fish. -- The next smallest spatial scale, coastal region (the coastline was divided into five regions) showed the same results as the scale of the entire island. Offal was the largest contributor of organic wastes and aquaculture the smallest contributor. The two smallest spatial scales studied, fisheries statistical area (the coastline was divided into 14 areas) and fisheries statistical section (the areas were divided into 49 sections), showed variation within the two larger coastal scales. The results for the area and section scales corresponded with those for the region scale in that the places with the greatest levels of release (St John’s,  Southern Shore, Conception Bay) were  on the Avalon Peninsula, and the places with the lowest levels of release were on, or very near, the Northern Peninsula (Bonne Bay, Gros Morne Park area, Strait of Belle Isle area). Overall, most areas had offal as the greatest contributor and aquaculture as the smallest. However, the importance of spatial scale was evident from the increased variability in type and level of organic wastes released as the coastal scale examined became smaller. This was due to variation in the population and in level and type of industry between places along the coast


identifier: Hartery, Lynn <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Hartery=3ALynn=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Radical feminism in action : a historical look at the St. John's Rape Crisis Centre and its volunteers (1977-1990).  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The St. John's Rape Crisis Centre was first established in 1977 as the Rape Crisis Committee of the Newfoundland Status of Women Council Now known as the Newfoundland and Labrador Sexual Assault Crisis and Prevention Centre, this feminist organisation has provided assistance to victims of sexual assault for more than two decades, mainly through a 24-hour volunteer crisis line. The RCC has helped many women deal with the aftermath of an assault and has also played a major role in educating the public and relevant agencies about the prevalence and effects of sexual violence against women. Relying on interviews and archival research, my thesis documents the vital work of women in this volunteer feminist organisation (1977-1990) and explores the organisation, philosophies and activities of this important component in the history of the women's movement in Newfoundland and Labrador.


identifier: Sulistiyono, Heri <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Sulistiyono=3AHeri=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Rainfall-runoff model calibration using experimental designs and response surface methodology.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Rainfall-runoff models used for hydrological modelling usually involve many parameters that must be calibrated using observed rainfall and runoff data before they can be used for any water resources study. Traditionally, calibrations of these models are done using a trial and error approach or by using numerical optimisation methods, neither of which is entirely satisfactory. In this thesis, a calibration based on Statistical Experimental Designs and Response Surface Methodology is presented. This method integrates statistical experimental designs, regression modelling techniques, and optimisation methods in the calibration process. This method can effectively select the parameters and indicates their interactions that will significantly affect the response variable, which in this case is a goodness-of-fit criterion. The method also determines the optimal values of the parameters that should be used in the model to produce the best fit of calculated runoff amounts to observed runoff amounts. Full factorial and fractional factorial designs and two popular response-surface designs: central composite (CCD) and Box-Behnken were compared. -- Mock's rainfall-runoff model, a popular model for irrigation planning in Indonesia will be used to illustrate the proposed methodology. It has six parameters to be calibrated from observed monthly rainfall and runoff data. The results of the proposed methodology of calibrating the six parameters of the Mock model will be compared to those already obtained previously using the trial and error method. Observed rainfall-runoff and evapotranspiration data from 1973 - 1976 for the Babak River Basin in Lombok, Indonesia will be used in the calibration of the model. Data for 1977 and 1978 will be used for verification of the model. -- The results showed that the proposed methodology gave a better understanding of how the parameters interact with each other, is more systematic, and the optimised values gave a better fit of computed and observed runoffs.


identifier: Beck, Deborah Lynne <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Beck=3ADeborah_Lynne=3A=3A.html>   (1991) Personality disorder and depression.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

title: Personality disorder and depression

abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality disorder and depression, the focus being upon the frequency and type of personality disorder, its relationship to the type of depression and its effect upon outcome. -- A random sample of 67 depressed psychiatric inpatients was assessed for the presence of personality disorder using the original Personality Disorder Examination (PDE).  Criteria for entry into the study were that the subjects on admission to hospital had a depressed mood, with a Beck Depression Inventory score greater than 18 and were in the age range 18 to 45.  There were 27 males and 40 females in the study with a mean age of 3 2.8 years.  The initial assessment, made within 72 hours, included the Beck Depression Inventory, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, the Eysenck Personality Inventory and the Diagnostic Melancholia Scale.  The major assessment was done when their depression had remitted (Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale Score < 9).  This included the PDE, Socialization Scale, Alexithymia Scale, the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale as well as historical and demographic data that included Life Events.  Finally, a DSM-III-R clinical diagnosis, arrived at Ill by the psychiatric team at a discharge diagnosis meeting, was used. -- There were 44 subjects, 19 male and 25 female diagnosed by the PDE as personality disorders.  Only 14 (32%) had a diagnosis of a single personality disorder.  The most frequent diagnosis (68%) was Borderline Personality Disorder. Compared to the normal subjects group, the personality disorder group were younger, had lower Socialization scores and reported more undesirable life events and concerns about employment and health. -- When the subjects were grouped according to their type of depression, Major Depressive Disorder (28), Adjustment Disorder Depression (20) and Secondary Depression (19), personality disorders were not significantly associated with a particular type of depression except for Antisocial Personality Disorder with Secondary Depression.  Differences between personality disorder and normal subjects within each type of depression group were largely not specific to the type of depression, nor were there many significant differences between the types of depression when analysis was restricted to the personality disorder subjects in each group. -- The high frequency of Borderline Personality Disorder led to a post hoc analysis of these subjects.  They viewed themselves as subjectively more depressed, had lower Socialization Scores, higher Scale A Alexithymia scores, and were younger than normal subjects.  Compared to other personality disorders, those with Borderline Personality had longer hospital stays, worse current levels of functioning, higher Alexithymia C scores, and greater frequency of marital problems. -- Differences between subjects with personality disorder and those with normal personalities were found in all divisions of the data and have been reported and discussed.  The PDE identified a higher proportion of subjects with personality disorder (66%) than psychiatrists' clinical diagnoses (21%).  The reasons for this are discussed as is the relationship of Borderline Personality Disorder to the development of depression in general.


identifier: Khumalo, Zanele <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Khumalo=3AZanele=3A=3A.html>   (1998) Perspectives on the involvement of teenage girls in school violence.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Current literature says that youth violence is on the rise, and it also specifically says that teenage girls are becoming more and more violent and getting involved in school violence as well. -- Findings from this case study conducted in one inner-city Junior High School, unfortunately, confirm most of the claims made in the literature. This study shows that violence among teenage girls is a reality in this school; girls are involved in both physical and verbal forms of violence. Perhaps the most disturbing aspect of it is their consideration of verbal violence as unimportant and rationalizing it as horsing around. -- The findings further show that peer pressure, the desire to be accepted and liked by their peers and the need they feel to protect them from bullies are the main factors that push these girls into violence. Further shown by these findings is the frustration and feelings of helplessness expressed by parents and teachers who indicate not knowing how to provide guidance and discipline to the youth without being accused of having overstepped their bounds and engaging in illegal behaviour. -- Nevertheless, it seems clear that these girls need help. It will not be without challenges, though, because of the stereotypes society holds about gender and violence coupled with the difficulty in detecting it. With some effort and cooperation from parents, teachers, community members, government and its agencies and the youth, teenage violence may be overcome.


identifier: Popovic, Nevena <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Popovic=3ANevena=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Physical and chemical characterization and upgrading of char derived from scrap tires by ultra fast pyrolysis.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In the search for a commercially efficient technology for solving the problem of scrap tires, pyrolysis is accepted as an environmentally and economically attractive recycling method to recover useful products from scrap tire waste. Ireton International Waste Management is commercially developing an ultra fast pyrolysis technology called the Continuous Ablative Reactor (CAR) which can heat solid particles to a high temperature (500-600 °C) in under one second. The pyrolytic char obtained in this ultra fast pyrolysis process has been characterized and efforts were made to upgrade the product. EnerVision Inc. (Halifax) provided samples from their pilot unit. Initial investigations were focused on the char in its original form. The char contained inorganic compounds present in tires, along with the original carbon black and a substantial amount of condensed organic by-products formed during the pyrolysis process. The contaminants in the char were reflected in an oily appearance, specific odour and high ash content These contaminants can be eliminated, or significantly reduced. The economic feasibility of the process depends on the char quality and its usefulness in high value commercial applications. -- High temperature heat treatments (600-900 °C) and oxidation processes using various agents (i.e., air, H₂O₂, HNO₃) present an opportunity to elevate the char quality and improve its commercial value. In this study, it was demonstrated that the production of highly activated char is possible by activation using steam or carbon dioxide. The adsorption properties of the activated char so obtained were found to be comparable to those of the commercial active carbons. Hence, ultra fast pyrolysis may provide a recycling alternative for waste tires and for the production of new adsorbents from low-cost waste material. -- Analytical techniques used in characterizing the chars and activated chars (and described in this thesis) included flame atomic absorption, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Malvern particle size counting, Raman spectroscopy, FT- infrared spectroscopy, N₂ and CO₂ adsorption studies, and sequential pyrolysis GC-MS.


identifier: Campbell, Christopher Moger <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Campbell=3AChristopher_Moger=3A=3A.html>   (1975) Physiological control of reproduction in Female winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus Walbaum).  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Vitellogenesis in Pseudopleuronectes americanus Walbaum involves a transfer of yolk material synthesised by the liver into the oocytes in the gonad.  The hormones controlling these processes were studied.  Hormones which can induce maturation and/or ovulation of oocytes were identified. -- The gonadal lipid accumulation during winter starvation is not accounted for by the decrease in the concentration of liver lipid.  Vitellogenesis must consist of three phases; mobilization of lipid and other energy reserves into the circulation, synthesis of yolk proteins by the liver, and uptake of yolk into oocytes. -- Hypophysectomy suppressed both liver synthesis and oocyte uptake of yolk protein.  Injection of estradiol-benzoate restores the liver synthesis of yolk, resulting in accumulation of yolk proteins in serum because none is incorporated by the gonad.  A glycoprotein fraction from Hippoglossoides platessoides Fabricius pituitaries, which is capable of stimulating ovulation, did not promote uptake into the gonads of the estradiol induced serum yolk but a non-glycoprotein fraction from these pituitaries with a molecular weight of 25000 to 35000 stimulated yolk incorporation. -- 17α-Hydroxy progesterone and 20β-dihydro-17α-Hydroxy progesterone were identified in plasma samples which had induced oocyte maturation in vitro bioassay, using a double isotope derivative assay.  Cortisol, cortisone, deoxycorticosterone, 11-ketotestosterone and progesterone were identified in various plasma samples but not correlated to oocyte maturation. -- Cortisone, deoxycorticosterone, 17α-hydroxy progesterone or 20β dihydro-17α-hydroxy progesterone induced maturation of oocytes incubated in plasma from male fish but appeared to have no conclusive effect upon oocytes incubated in artificial media.  Injection of these steroids, estradiol-benzoate or testosterone into hypophysectomized fish did not induce oocyte maturation or ovulation. -- A salmon gonadotropic preparation (SG-G100) or extracts of P. americanus pituitaries induced some oocyte maturation in vitro.  Both a glycoprotein preparation from H. platessoides pituitaries and SG-G100 induced oocyte maturation and ovulation when injected into hypophysectomized fish.


identifier: Lilly, David <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Lilly=3ADavid=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Police officer occupational socialization and attitudes towards the police role as it relates to community policing.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The objective of this research is to examine police officer attitudes concerning their communities and their policing roles and how these attitudes relate to community policing. More specifically, this thesis explores the attitudes of experienced police officers who were trained and socialized to perform in the traditional model of policing and are now expected to perform new roles under the new community policing philosophy. Do these officers possess the required attitudes to conduct community policing or is re-training and re-socialization needed? -- Police officer occupational socialization is reviewed and discussed from the pre-entry career decision to become a police officer through to their field training as probationary officers. The attitudes of 150 RCMP officers across the province of Nova Scotia are examined using a closed-ended questionnaire with most variables measured on a Likert scale. The questionnaire measures six different attitudinal indicators related to policing; three indicators are associated with 'traditional policing' (crime control orientation, orientation towards the use of force and orientation towards police solidarity) and three are related to community policing' (service orientation, orientation toward community cooperation and orientation toward community support). -- The findings for the research indicate that the sample has a moderately low to low orientation towards all three indicators of traditional policing (crime control orientation, orientation toward force and orientation towards police solidarity). These findings indicate that the sample has an attitude that is more consistent with the goals and methods of community policing than  those of  traditional policing. -- In the same vein, the sample has a moderately high to high service orientation, a high orientation towards community cooperation and a moderately high to high orientation towards community support. These findings indicate that officers are oriented favourably towards the indicators of community policing. Hence, the findings for this sample suggest that officers do possess the required attitudes to conduct community policing while at the same time remaining somewhat committed to the qualities of the    traditional style of policing.


identifier: Shan, Jingning <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Shan=3AJingning=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Polymer-supported catalysts for oxygen reduction and methanol oxidation.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis is focused on the synthesis and characterization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrene-4-sulfonate)(PEDOT/PSS)-supported catalysts for the anodic oxidation of methanol as well as for cathodic oxygen reduction in low-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEFMCs). -- Chapter 2 focuses on the electrochemical and electrocatalytic properties of PEDOT/PSS supported Pt catalysts for cathodic oxygen reduction. Performances for oxygen reduction obtained in gas diffusion electrodes that are similar to those used in current PEMFC technology were inferior to those for commercial carbon supported Pt catalysts. Thus, the catalysts were immobilized on glassy carbon electrodes and were studied by cyclic voltammetry and rotating disc voltammetry. The results show that PEDOT/PSS supported Pt catalysts exhibit similar oxygen reduction activities to commercial carbon supported catalysts when results are normalized for active Pt area. Exchange current densities and mechanisms appear to be the same. The inferior performance seen for the PEDOT/PSS supported Pt catalysts in gas diffusion electrodes, and reproduced at rotating disc electrodes have been shown to be due to low Pt utilization, and to slightly higher Pt particle sizes. The poor utilization appears to be due to electronic isolation of some Pt particles, and to blocking or poisoning of the Pt surface. -- Chapters 3 and 4 focus on the preparation and characterization of PEDOT/PSS supported binary Pt-Ru, ternary Pt-Ru-OS and quaternary Pt-Ru-Os-Ir catalysts for anodic methanol oxidation. The compositions of the metal alloys can be controlled through the molar ratio of metal salts in the reaction mixture and by the reaction time. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis and X-ray diffraction were applied to determine the metal compositions and particle sizes. The electrocatalytic properties of these catalysts were investigated by several electrochemical techniques, including cyclic voltammetry (including reduced CO₂ oxidation), transient and steady state polarization experiments and chronoamperometry. Although PEDOT/PSS supported binary catalysts have exhibited good electrocatalytic activities for methanol oxidation, their performances are inferior to commercial binary catalysts. PEDOT/PSS supported ternary and quaternary catalysts exhibited, as expected, superior performances to PEDOT/PSS supported binary catalysts, but are still inferior to those for commercial binary catalysts.


identifier: Birt-Friesen, V. L. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Birt-Friesen=3AV=2E_L=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1992) Population differentiation and evolution among thick-billed (Uria lomvia) and common murres (U. aalge).  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The genetic structure of animal populations determines their potential for local adaptation and speciation. Most birds are highly mobile and accordingly have little genetic structuring, but some are strongly philopatric and exhibit substantial differentiation. In the present study, population differentiation and evolution were examined within two strongly philopatric seabird species, thick-billed (Uria lomvia) and common (U. ciat^e) murres, using morphometries, protein electrophoresis and nucleotide sequence analysis of amplified mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). -- Four of five morphological measurements differed significantly both among three western Atlantic colonies of thick-billed murres, and between eastern and western Atlantic colonies. Electrophoretic analysis of 18 nuclear-encoded proteins indicated Utile genetic differentiation either among western Atlantic colonies, or across the Atlantic. Eighteen genotypes, defined by 16 variable nucleotide sites, were found within 253 base pairs (bp) of cytochrome b among 239 thick-billed murres from five Atlantic and two Pacific colonies. Significant genetic differentiation was found between Atlantic and Pacific thick-billed murres, concordant with geographic separation of the populations. Little genetic differentiation was found either among western Atlantic colonies, or across the Atlantic. The apparent genetic homogeneity of Atlantic colonies is inconsistent with evidence of strong natal philopatry and phenotypic differentiation of colonies, and may result from gene flow and/or recent colonizations by large founder populations. -- Common murres from Hornoya, Norway were significantly larger than those from Funk Island, Newfoundland in all of five dimensions. Ten genotypes, defined by 13 variable nucleotide sites, were found within 204 bp of cytochrome b among 142 common murres from four Atlantic and three Pacific colonies. Significant genetic differences were found between Atlantic and Pacific common murres, in accordance with their geographic separation. Genotype frequencies also varied clinally within the Atlantic. This cline is similar to a reported cline in the incidence of 'bridling' (a white sye ring and auricular grove) in common murres, and may have resulted from colonization of the Atlantic from two or more refugial centers following the Pleistocene glaciations. -- Little differentiation was found using morphometries or protein electrophoresis among thick-billed murres breeding at different sites within each of three colonies. However, cytochrome b genotype frequencies differed significantly both between two ledges in one area and among four areas at Hom0ya, Norway. Differentiation in mtDNA within Hornflya is consistent both with band returns, which indicate that murres often breed on their natal ledges, and with morphological evidence, which indicates that phenotypic differentiation exists within some colonies. -- Analyses of cytochrome b nucleotide sequences of six Atlantic alcid species, two gull species, two shorebird species and a dove revealed a preponderance of transitions over transversions, and of third position over first or second position substitutions. Saturation of transitions prevented phylogenetic analyses above the family level. Nonetheless, cladistic analysis of the alcid sequences supported previously suggested phytogenies in 1) grouping murre, razorbill (Alca torda) and dovekie (Alle alle) sequences, 2) clustering the black guillemot sequence with the murres, razorbill and dovekie, and 3) placing the Atlantic puffin (Fratercula arcticn) outside the other alcid sequences. The phylogenetic positions of the razorbill and dovekie relative to the murres could not be resolved. -- A review of mtDNA analyses indicated that genetic differentiation of populations and species is greater in freshwater and terrestrial species than in aerial or marine animals. This agrees with general dispersal capabilities, and probably relates to long-term effective population sizes. -- Key words: Alcidae; cytochrome b; morphometries; murrc; protein electrophoresis; polymerase chain reaction; review, Uria.


identifier: Merrigan, Bessie <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Merrigan=3ABessie=3A=3A.html>   (2001) Barriers to and supports for success for students older than average attending the College.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Personal, institutional and academic factors contributing to or impeding the success of students older than average registered at four campuses of the College of the North Atlantic from 1998-2000 were examined in this study. Students, twenty-five years and older, who had completed their program, were compared with those who had voluntarily withdrawn. The study was completed in two phases. Phase I involved the collection of data through the mailout of a questionnaire. Sixty-eight people responded to the questionnaire. After analyses of the data from those respondents, it was decided to conduct interviews. Phase II consisted of the collection of qualitative data through semi- structured interviews, conducted with 12 of the original respondents. -- Graduates and those who withdrew from the College faced common barriers to success.  The study revealed that all students older than average expected respect from instructors, wanted their experiences acknowledged, had fixed ways of doing things, and indicated problems identifying with younger students in the class.  Students who had the most difficulty with their perceived lack of respect seemed more likely to withdraw. While all expressed concern with balancing home and school responsibility, a significant difference emerged between the two groups as per their ability to cope with that responsibility. Results also showed a significant difference between the two groups as per the grade point average obtained at the College. The higher the GPA, the more likely the chances of graduating. -- The most significant theme that emerged from the study was the difference between the two groups as to their perceptions of course instructors, the support received from instructors, and the variety of teaching techniques. Graduates found that instructors were helpful and supportive and used a variety of teaching techniques, and those who withdrew reported experiencing the opposite. -- During the interviews, an important difference emerged between male and female students as per the difficulty experienced in balancing home and school responsibility. Women faced the greatest adjustment in attempting to balance that responsibility. It appeared from this study that those women who successfully managed home and school were the ones who graduated. -- The data from this study support the need for the College to identify perceived or real institutional barriers to success. There were clearly identified differences between those who graduated and those who voluntarily withdrew. Further research into academic, institutional and personal factors for students older than average would provide more support for the College, and to students older than average.


identifier: Lei, Yiming <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Lei=3AYiming=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Architectural aspects and a prototype system for handling disputes in electronic commerce transactions.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In this thesis, we study some issues relating to the architecture for dispute-handling in electronic commerce (EC). We first propose a model for the dispute-handling architecture in EC transactions and describe how various components work together in a cooperative manner. We then focus our attention on a critical component, rule processing, that underlies the effective functioning of the entire system. We discuss how the notion of rules can be applied to assist players in proving propositions. Since all rules are not equally reliable, we introduce the concept of rule weight that reflects the reliability of a rule, and the algorithm for rule weight calculation. We show that the application of weak rules, i.e., rules that do not have full weights, makes it more probable to prove propositions. We indicate the problems resulting from the application of weak rules, and propose methods to cope with them. Finally, to study the practical feasibility of our architecture, we present an implementation strategy and apply it to a prototype system. The implementation follows the 3-tier client-server structure of our architectural model, and applies Java-related techniques.


identifier: Tong, Qian <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Tong=3AQian=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Bayesian analysis and applications of a model for survival data with a surviving fraction.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Cure rate estimation is one of the most important issues in clinical trials and cure rate models are the main models. In the past decade, the standard cure rate model has been discussed and used. However, this model involves several drawbacks. Chen, Ibrahim and Sinha (1999) considered Bayesian methods for right-censored survival data for populations with a surviving (cure) fraction. In that paper, the authors proposed the cure rate model under the Weibull distribution which is quite different from the standard cure rate model. This proposed cure rate model overcomes the drawbacks of the standard cure rate model. However, it is not clear from their work whether their proposed cure rate models can be extended to other distributions. In this practicum, we shall extend those proposed cure rate models in Chen et al (1999) to the following distributions: log-logistic, Gompertz, and Gamma. Prior elicitations will also be discussed in detail, and classes of noninformative and informative prior distributions will be proposed. Furthermore, several theoretical properties of the proposed priors and resulting posteriors will be derived. -- At the end of this practicum, a melanoma clinical trial is used to illustrate applications of the log-logistic, Gompertz and Gamma distributions to the proposed cure rate models for Bayesian analysis. -- Keywords: Cure rate model; Historical data; Current data; Posterior distribution; Gamma distribution; Log-logistic distribution; Gompertz distribution.


identifier: Rollmann, Hans <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Rollmann=3AHans=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Body piercing and the exploration of spirituality, sexuality and fashion.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis examines body piercing as a modern aesthetic phenomenon in St. John's, Newfoundland, and explores the manner in which body piercing is utilized by some piercees to help construct and reinforce an intimately personalized sense of self-identity. It focuses on the complex symbolic and aesthetic methods in which thirteen local pierces use body piercing in a variety of different ways to give voice to their sense of self- identity. It focuses particularly on the use of body piercing in the context of neopagan spirituality, sexuality and alternative forms of sexuality such as sadomasochism, as well as the creation of idealized, alternative universes. Furthermore it examines the antagonism perceived by some piercees between body piercing as an element of alternative, fringe culture and body piercings more recent commoditization by the mainstream fashion industry.


identifier: Becht, C. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Becht=3AC=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Behavior of bellows.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

title: Behavior of bellows

abstract: While analysis of bellows, and in particular unreinforced bellows, has been investigated over the course of the last several decades, there remain a significant number of unanswered questions with respect to their behavior. The present research addresses their behavior under cyclic displacement loading; in particular, strain due to displacement. Prediction of strain range due to displacement is important in the fatigue design of bellows. In addition, a number of other areas are clarified by ancillary research. -- Design of bellows for cyclic displacement loading primarily relies on data obtained from bellows fatigue tests. Further, fatigue data on bellows fabricated from one material is not considered a reliable indication of the fatigue performance of bellows fabricated from another material. This is because there has not been a good correlation between the fatigue performance of bellows based on calculated stress versus cycles to failure with that for the material of construction, as represented by polished barfatigue curves. -- This research shows that the differences in fatigue behavior of reinforced and unreinforced bellows, and the differences between bellows fatigue data and polished bar fatigue data is due to plastic strain concentration that occurs in bellows. -- The existing, widely used charts and equations for evaluation of unreinforced bellows were found in this research to have sufficient accuracy for calculation of the significant stresses in the elastic regime for most bellows geometries. Some specific observations for further improvement are made. However, it was found that the elastic prediction of stresses in unreinforced bellows is not sufficient to accurately evaluate the displacement strains in bellows. Significant plastic strain concentration due to displacement loading occurs in the highly stressed regions of bellows. Regimes of behavior, depending on geometry parameters, were found. Prediction of fatigue performance of bellows is significantly improved by proper consideration of the effect of convolution geometry on plastic strain concentration. -- Consideration of strain concentration effects eliminated the apparent disparity between the fatigue behavior of reinforced and unreinforced bellows. Further, it was found that polished bar fatigue data could be used to predict bellows fatigue life for a range of geometries.


identifier: Baillie, Shauna M. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Baillie=3AShauna_M=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2001) Atlantic puffin response to changes in capelin abundance in Newfoundland and Labrador : an inter-colony and inter-decade comparison.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: I compared Atlantic Puffin chick diet and reproductive performance at the Gannet Islands, Labrador during 1996-98 to that recorded 1) in a similar study undertaken during 1981 -1983 at the Gannet Islands prior to a decline in capelin abundance, and 2) at Gull Island, Witless Bay, Newfoundland where capelin were abundant. I hypothesized that chick diet quality and breeding parameters would be dramatically lower at the Gannet Islands in the 1990s. During 1996-1998 at the Gannet Islands, puffin chick diet biomass comprised 3 to 25 % capelin and only in 1996 was breeding success dramatically lower (by 40 %) than any other study colony or year. Chick mass growth rate, and peak and fledging mass were lower in the 1990s than 1980s yet similar to that at Gull Island. Sandlance was the main alternate prey and was significantly higher in lipid, protein and energy density than capelin at both colonies. Atlantic Puffins exhibited behavioural plasticity with respect to foraging and reproduction in a temporally and spatially highly variable environment.


identifier: Perrault, Douglas Edward <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Perrault=3ADouglas_Edward=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) sensitivity of motion response to geometric and hydrodynamic parameters and AUV behaviours with control plane faults.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) are rapidly emerging as an important tool in ocean exploration and maritime defence systems. Reliability is tone of the key issues in making these vehicles viable for scientific, commercial, and military applications. The vehicles must be able to accomplish the mission, or some subset of the mission objectives. -- The research herein is concerned with defining vehicle behaviours in the light of design choices that will result in improved vehicle performance under nominal (fault-free) operating conditions and with guarantees of acceptable vehicle behaviour even with control plane faults. Numerical studies were performed using a computer model of the AUV C-SCOUT (Canadian Self-Contained Off-the-shelf Underwater Testbed). Because it is typical of many vehicles active in the world today, the results are qualitatively valid for a large number of vehicles. Quantifying the behaviours provides a foundation for further analysis of behaviours in various planned and unplanned conditions the vehicle will experience over the course of its active lifetime. -- First, a numerical study was made of the effect of variations of geometry on added mass coefficients. The results demonstrate that intuitive expectations for the effects of geometry on added mass are valid. -- A second numerical study was made of the sensitivity of AUV response measures in turning circles and zigzag maneuvers to variations in hydrodynamic parameters. The results have specific implications for the design of AUV. and provide a baseline of behaviours inherent to the vehicle itself. -- Finally, a numerical study was made of vehicle response during holding course, diving, and turning, while the vehicle is experiencing various angles of jam on each of the control planes, and while the vehicle is missing one of the control planes. This information was used to define the vehicle behaviour, to generate conclusions about vehicle controllability, and to suggest safe operation envelopes for guarantees of mission success. -- The contributions made in this work include a systematic description of the effects of varying vehicle design parameters and hydrodynamic parameters (which result from certain design choices). Also included is a systematic analysis of the effects of control plane faults on the response of the vehicle.


identifier: Andrews, Dorothy Sturge <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Andrews=3ADorothy_Sturge=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Appraisal of clinical teaching behaviours by diploma nursing students and their instructors.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: There is a paucity of research involving diploma nursing students' and their clinical instructors1 appraisal of the importance of clinical teaching behaviours. Most of the previous studies have focused on baccalaureate nursing students and their clinical instructors. In this study, a descriptive, comparative design was used to compare (a) the appraisal of clinical teaching behaviours by diploma nursing students and clinical instructors; (b) the appraisals by students of different ages, gender, and years in the program; (c) the appraisals by instructors with various years of clinical teaching experience; and (d) the appraisals by instructors teaching in different levels of the nursing program. -- Four hundred and forty-one diploma nursing students and 58 clinical instructors from three Hospital Schools of Nursing in Newfoundland completed the Nursing Clinical Teaching Effectiveness Inventory (NCTEI) which measured important clinical teaching characteristics. In this study, the instrument had a reliability coefficient alpha of .95. All 48 items of the NCTEI were rated highly by the students and their instructors. Students as a group and their instructors had significant differences (p ≤ .05) in19 of the 48 items and four categories (teaching ability, interpersonal relationships, personality traits, and nursing competency). The students' ages had little influence on their ratings of the behaviours. Male students appraised 23 behaviours and four categories significantly lower than their female counterparts. The students in the various levels of the nursing program differed significantly in their appraisal of seven behaviours. The instructors' various lengths of clinical teaching experience and teaching in different years of the program did not influence significantly their appraisals of the behaviours. Implications for nursing education, practice and research are discussed.


identifier: MacCormack, Tyson <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/MacCormack=3ATyson=3A=3A.html>   (2001) ATP-sensitive potassium channels (Katp) in fish cardiac muscle during anoxia and recovery.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Cardiac muscle from anoxia tolerant and intolerant fishes was used to investigate the importance of ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP) in the control of anaerobic cardiac function. KATP channels contribute to anaerobic cardioprotection in mammals yet little is known of their action in more hypoxia tolerant animals. Isometrically contracting ventricular muscle preparations were used to study sarcolemmal and mitochondrial KATP channel activity in the myocardium of three species of teleost fishes (Lipossarcus pardalis'm Limanda ferruginea. and Gadus morhua) with varying cardiac hypoxia tolerances. Channel activity was assessed pharmacologically using the non-specific KATP channel blocker glibenclamide, the mitochondrial specific blocker 5-hydroxydecanoic acid and the agonist, diazoxide to determine the involvment of KATP channels in anaerobic cardiac performance. Results suggest that cardiac KATP channels from hypoxia tolerant fishes are tonically active, resulting in a constant cardioprotection similar to the preconditioned state which can be induced by various methods in mammalian hearts. These studies clearly show that KATP channels are important for anaerobic cardiac function in anoxia tolerant fish.


identifier: Nurhaeni, Nani <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Nurhaeni=3ANani=3A=3A.html>   (2001) Assessment of the feasibility of modifying risk factors for acute respiratory infection in children under five years of age in West Java, Indonesia.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Abstract Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is a major cause of mortality in children under five years of age in Indonesia. Control of the risk factors for ARI can contribute to reducing its incidence. The key purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of modifying the risk factors for ARI in children under five years of age. -- This study used a cross sectional  design. Convenience sampling was chosen as a strategy for sample selection; the sample consisted of  120 children who had a history of ARI. In this study, data were collected using five instruments  developed based upon a review of the literature. Closed- and open-ended questions were used for data  collection. -- Descriptive  and inferential statistics using Fisher's Exact Test were used to analyze the data. Bivariate analysis results showed that the mother's education, the number of people sharing a bedroom, the kitchen design, exposure to kitchen smoke, and ventilation for the kitchen stoves were significant as risk factors for ARI in children under five years of age (p < .05). Based on the multivariate analysis results, only three risk factors were identified: the mother's education, hours the child was carried while the mother cooked, and ventilation for the stove (p < .05). Respondents identified that these risk factors could be modified by more health education and health promotion strategies, for example, health teaching for the participants on ways to reduce exposure to kitchen smoke, such as not carrying the child or improving ventilation. The results from this study can be used to target areas for parent education programs.


identifier: Grzetic, Brenda <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Grzetic=3ABrenda=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Between life and death : women fish harvesters in Newfoundland and Labrador.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
This thesis explores the work and learning experiences and health concerns of women fish harvesters within the context of the recent restructuring of the fishing industry in Newfoundland and Labrador. I assess women's participation and professional status in the fishing industry, and identify occupational and general health concerns associated with their work. I also investigate ways in which individual and organizational processes are gendered and determinants of both women's place in the fishery and their overall health and well-being. The social determinants of health provide a broad analytical framework, while more specific analyses and insights into gender dynamics incorporate a feminist analysis.

Qualitative analysis focuses on the work environment in the restructured fishery, women's work and learning experiences on fishing boats, their conditions at work, the institutional support available to them, and the implications of these for their health and safety as workers in the fishing industry. Quantitative analysis focuses on trends in the numbers of women fish harvesters since the 1970s, licensing and professionalization status of fish harvesters, women's participation in training initiatives, and links between these and health risks to women fish harvesters.


identifier: Woods, Michael O. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Woods=3AMichael_O=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2001) Bardet-Biedl syndrome in Newfoundland : molecular genetics of a rare recessive disorder in a small isolated population.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is characterized by retinal dystrophy, dysmorphicextremities, renal structural abnormalities, obesity, and hypogenitalism in males. This autosomal recessive disorder is genetically heterogenous with four identified loci, BBS1-4 (11q, 16q, 3p and 15q respectively). BBS is a relatively rare disorder, but it is approximately ten times more prevalent in Newfoundland than in northern European populations. -- To investigate the high incidence of BBS in the Newfoundland population, members of 17 BBS families were analyzed by haplotype and linkage analyses. Initially, linkage of five families to BBS1 one each to BBS2 and BBS3 and exclusion of six families from the four known BBS loci was observed. -- A large consanguineous Newfoundland BBS family, excluded from the four known BBS loci, was used to identify a fifth BBS gene locus (BBS5) on 2q31 in a genome-wide scan. However, this gene did not segregate in any other of the five unlinked families. Therefore, another genome scan was implemented on a consanguineous family excluded from the five BBS loci. Evidence of a sixth BBS gene (BBS6) on 20p12 was established and the critical interval narrowed to 2 cM using five other unlinked families. Located within this region is a putative chaperonin gene (MKKS) involved in McKusick-Kaufman syndrome, a disorder with an overlapping phenotype with BBS. When MKKS was screened for mutations in six Newfoundland BBS families, one missense and two frameshift mutations were identified. Thus, MKKS was the first gene identified to cause BBS. Remarkably, one family could be excluded from all six BBS loci, indicating the existence of a seventh BBS gene (BBS7). -- By mutational and/or haplotype and linkage analyses, it was possible to assign 14 of the 17 Newfoundland BBS families to known BBS loci. Six families had mutations in MKKS/BBS6, five families were associated with the BBS1 locus, and one family to each of the BBS2, BBS3 and BBS5 loci. Additionally, one family was excluded from the six known BBS loci. The discovery of MKKS/BBS6 should aid in the ascertainment of other BBS genes and contribute to the basic understanding of the manifestations of BBS.


identifier: Wheaton, Carla J. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Wheaton=3ACarla_J=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2002) "...as modern as some of the fine new departmental stores... can make it" : a social history of the large Water Street stores, St. John's, Newfoundland, 1892-1949.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Contrary to some of the stereotypes perpetuated in the literature, early Newfoundland society and culture were not static nor unaffected by external developments, a condition supposedly engendered by its isolated position as an island in the North Atlantic ocean. Although perhaps not in the thick of the social and economic changes taking place in western Europe and in much of North America resulting from industrialization, urbanization, and social and geographic mobility, many Newfoundlanders felt the impact of these modern forces indirectly, influencing the ways in which they lived. worked and shopped. This thesis focuses on the latter activity, exploring changing consumer behaviour and rising rates of consumption among people living in St. John's over the period from 1892 to 1949 through a study of the retailing practices of the large Water Street stores. -- In many ways, city consumers were adopting and adapting trends noted by contemporary social commentators in the U.S. and Canada, trends which have since been associated with a rising consumer culture and the development of consumer societies in recent scholarly works on the subject. In the absence of industrialization on the scale experienced in many nineteenth-century European and North American cities, how did St. John's society come to accept many of the practices, attitudes and values of Western consumer cultures? It is argued that as the city's largest retailers, the department stores lining Water Street played a central role in introducing elements of a modern consumer culture to St. John's through their ads. sales, promotions and displays. In addition to importing goods for sale in their stores, store owners and managers also imported modern retailing techniques to sell merchandise, thereby altering the relationship between consumers and retailers and between people and goods, integrating Newfoundlanders into a North American wav of life.


identifier: Diegor, Elizabeth Justa M. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Diegor=3AElizabeth_Justa_M=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Biodegradation of aromatic hydrocarbons : microbial and isotopic studies.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Aromatic hydrocarbon contamination of soil and groundwater is a widespread environmental problem. Among the compounds of interest is a range of low molecular weight aromatic hydrocarbons that includes the so-called BTEX compounds (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes). Aerobic biodegradation by natural populations of microorganisms represents one of the primary mechanisms by which petroleum and other hydrocarbon pollutants are eliminated in the environment. Several indicators have been utilized to evaluate this process but their measurement (e.g., of hydrocarbon concentration, bacterial count, metabolites) maybe affected by other chemical and physical processes. Stable carbon isotope analysis is one technique that has been previously used in environmental studies particularly in tracing sources of organic pollutants. Compounds have characteristic carbon isotopic compositions that can be used to pinpoint their origins. Any process in which the compounds are involved may likewise impart significant isotopic fractionation. It is shown that abiotic processes affect the ¹²C/¹³C ratio but biological transformation is known to produce the largest fractionation. --  The purpose of this study is to determine the magnitude and direction of transformation of stable carbon isotopes (¹²C, ¹³C) during microbial degradation of selected low molecular weight hydrocarbon compounds such as toulene, ethylbenzene, naphthalene, methanol and hexadecane. Coupled with this objective is the identification of the various species that make up the consortium used in the study and the metabolic pathways by which these organisms degrade the compound. The overarching goal is to examine if the isotopic fractionation associated with such pathways can be employed for monitoring in situ bioremediation. -- Replicate microbial biodegradation experiments modified from an earlier protocol were done using microbial cultures grown aerobically at room temperature. Optical density measurements during the course of the experiments were undertaken to establish microbial growth. In addition, hydrocarbon isotope analysis was conducted by periodically removing a specific headspace concentration from the culture flask and analyzing it by gas chromatography continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-IRMS). -- Laboratory biodegradation studies on toluene showed increase in microbial growth from increases in optical density measurements with corresponding decreases in hydrocarbon concentrations and no significant changes in the δ¹³C values. Similar observations were obtained using a higher substrate concentration (10 μl of toluene) except for differences in incubation periods. Experiments conducted on ethylbenzene as the substrate likewise demonstrated the same effects on microbial biomass as well as in concentrations of the residual hydrocarbon. Carbon isotopic compositions also remained relatively constant during microbial growth. -- Taxonomic identification of the microcosm resolved several strains that composed the different hydrocarbon-specific cultures. These bacterial strains consisted of Gram negative rods as well as Gram positive coccL Gram negatives included strains from the genera of Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Oligella and Acidovorax while Gram positives belonged to Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, Dermacoccus and Kokuria (or Erythromyxa). -- Results of the present study were compared with other published works. Similarities and differences in the outcomes of the respective experiments indicate that the occurrence of isotopic fractionation depends on the degradative pathways utilized by the respective microbial consortia. In particular, the nature of the initial metabolic step (e.g., attack on methyl group versus scission of aromatic ring) could control the extent of carbon isotope fractionation. -- Based on the results of the present study, application of stable carbon isotope analysis in aerobic degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons, particularly the BTEX compounds, does not appear promising for assessment of natural or engineered in situ bioremediation. Future studies should look more closely into the different degradative pathways and enzyme systems used by individual microorganisms as well as mixed populations and their effects on the magnitude of isotopic fractionation. Site-specific studies are also necessary to determine the inherent presence of (these) microbial consortia and quantify the associated biological isotope fractionation.


identifier: Alavi-Fard, Mehdi <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Alavi-Fard=3AMehdi=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Bond characteristics of high strength concrete.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: High strength concrete is used mostly in the construction of bridges, high rise buildings and marine structures. Bond strength between high strength concrete and rebar is an important factor in designing any reinforced concrete structures under various kinds of loadings. Therefore, this study is conducted to investigate the strength of bond between high strength concrete and reinforcement, to determine the internal distribution of stresses and strains along the rebar interface with high strength concrete. -- In the experimental phase of this research a total of 150 specimens made of high strength concrete were cast to investigate the bond strength under monotonic and cyclic loading. The influences of load history, confining reinforcement, rebar diameter, concrete strength, rebar spacing, rate of pull out, and deformation pattern were investigated experimentally for reinforcement bars of 25 mm and 35 mm diameter. The internal concrete strains close to the contact surface and also the steel rebar strains were measured. The test set up, load application, instrumentation and measurement, test procedure, and type of materials were designed to measure accurate strains and deformations. Several specimens with different rebar diameters and rib geometries were tested. The range of the tested concrete compressive strengths was between 75 MPa and 95 MPa. The rib geometries were examined for rebar with nominal diameter of 25 mm and 35 mm. -- The test results revealed that the maximum bond stress of high strength concrete is higher than the corresponding one for normal strength concrete. However, the behavior of high strength concrete is more noniinear-brittle and it must be considered in the bond model. The development of a new technique of strain measurement around the steel rebar was unique and it can be useful to identify the internal crack pattern and to predict possible failure modes. The area under the curve of the bond stress-slip curve can define the bond energy. The bond energy should be used to evaluate the bond behavior rather than the maximum bond stress. A new expression for calculating bond stress based on the cubic root of concrete strength is recommended and the results are compared with similar equations. Also, the influences of several parameters under cyclic loading condition are investigated. -- In the numerical investigation, an attempt has been made to consider the effect of tension stiffening in the material model. The concepts of bond energy, fracture energy, tension softening and biaxial failure envelope of high strength concrete were applied in the development of a material model for high strength reinforced concrete. The improved model is implemented in the UMAT subroutine for use with the ABAQUS finite element program. In addition, three dimensional rebar element was added to the program in order that the new model will be able to analyze reinforced high strength concrete structures. The model has been checked against several standard problems. Further, A new parametric study based on the effect of bond energy on the fracture energy was introduced. Based on sensitivity analysis, the results were applied to analysis of slabs with low, moderate and high steel ratio. The modified model can be used to analyze reinforced high strength concrete members


identifier: Buckle, Ronald Neil <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Buckle=3ARonald_Neil=3A=3A.html>   (1998) Asymmetric Diels-Alder studies involving chiral acetylenic diesters and investigations of an intramolecular Diels-Alder approach to the pentalenolactones.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Asymmetric Diels-Alder reactions of 2-(trimethylsilyloxy)cyclohexa-1,3-diene 17a, 6,6-dimethyl-2-(trimethylsilyloxy)cyclohexa-1,3-diene 17b, and 5,5-dimethyl-2-(trimethylsilyloxy)cyclohexa-1,3-diene 17c with several chiral acetylenedicarboxylates were conducted. Modest levels of diastereoselectivity were obtained for several examples. -- Semiempirical molecular orbital calculations for the Diels-Alder reactions of 2-hydroxy analogues of these dienes with di-t-butyl acetylenedicarboxylate were carried out to help interpret the experimental results. Four transtion states having very similar relative energies were obtained for each diene-dienophile combination. The calculations also supported an asynchronous transition state with the shorter incipient bond nearest the electron-donating trimethylsiloxy group. It follows that the ester group further from the trimethylsiloxy group most likely adopts a fixed, parallel-planar conformation to activate the triple bond for attack, whereas the other ester is perpendicular to the incoming diene. -- (3-Phenylsulfonyl-2-propynyl) 2-(5,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohex-3-enyl) ethanoate 223 and ((E)-3-phenylsulfonyl-2-propenyl) 2-(5,5-dimethyl-2-(((1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl)oxy)cyclohexa-1,3-dienyl)ethanoate 231 could serve as precursors in the synthesis of pentalenolactones. Our synthesis of these compounds was based on alkylation of 4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one 20c with 2-halo esters similar to compound 146. -- Various 2-bromo esters were prepared and converted to their corresponding 2-iodo equivalents via the Finkelstein reaction. These 2-iodo esters were found to undergo alkylation in good yield with 4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one 20c. In this manner, (3-phenylthio-2-propynyl) 2-(5,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohex-3-enyl)ethanoate 205 was synthesized from (3-phenylthio-2-propynyl) 2-iodoethanoate 204. Treatment under kinetic conditions gave the desired diene, (3-phenylthio-2-propynyl) 2-(5,5-dimethyl-2-(((1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl)oxy)cyclohexa-1,3-dienyl)ethanoate 220. Activation of the alkyne, by oxidation to the sulfone, gave (3-phenylsulfonyl-2-propynyl) 2-(5,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohex-3-enyl)ethanoate 223. -- A similar route involving (E)-3-phenylsulfonyl-2-propen-1-ol 227 as the starting alcohol resulted in ((E)-3-phenylsulfonyl-2-propenyl) 2-(5,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohex-3-enyl)ethanoate 230. Diene formation under thermodynamic conditions gave ((E)-3-phenylsulfonyl-2-propenyl) 2-(5,5-dimethyl-2-(((1,1 dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl)oxy)cyclohexa-1,3-dienyl)ethanoate 231.


identifier: Alburo, Alice Jade A. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Alburo=3AAlice_Jade_A=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Box populi : a socio-cultural study of the Filipino American balikbayan box.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In this thesis, the balikbayan boxes that Filipino Americans bring with them when they visit the Philippines are viewed primarily through the lenses of material culture and customary studies. It provides the historical, political, and economic contexts which have led to the immigration of Filipinos to America and the emergence of balikbayans—the returning natives—and their boxes. It also contains descriptions of balikbayan boxes, their contents, and the practices involved. This study indicates that balikbayan boxes are indices of balikbayans themselves. These packages are metaphors for the dislocation of Filipinos resulting from their immigration to the United States. These boxes are also sites, in which balikbayans are positioned as neo-colonizers and perpetuate American cultural hegemony.   This examination suggests that balikbayan boxes are connected to a host of complex issues, including kinship ties and obligations, politics and economics, colonialism and postcolonialism, ,immigration and diaspora, globalization and commodification, exchange and reciprocity, travel and tourism.


identifier: Mitchell, David William <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Mitchell=3ADavid_William=3A=3A.html>   (2001) Bond characteristics of high strength lightweight concrete.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Future construction of concrete floating platforms for offshore oil exploration and development off the East Coast of Canada may lead to a substantial increase in the use of high strength lightweight (HSLW) concrete in Canada. While HSLW concrete has been extensively used in other areas of the world such as Norway, its use to date in Canada has been limited. HSLW concrete with its improved durability and lightweight characteristics is a very much sought after material in the construction of concrete floating platforms. However, the efficient use of HSLW concrete in Canada is limited by the following two restrictions in the Canadian concrete design code A23.3 (2): first, in calculating the bar development length the maximum permissible value for the compressive strength of the concrete is limited to 64 MPa, secondly for lightweight concrete the minimum development length must be increased by 30%. The objective of this research was to determine the bond strength characteristics of 25 mm and 35 mm deformed reinforcement bars embedded in 80 MPa HSLW concrete and to assess whether or not the code restrictions are justified. -- The experiment consisted of performing a total of 72 pullout and push-in test to evaluate the bond behavior under both monotonic and cyclic loading. The effect of tension and compression along with various rates of loading were investigated for the monotonic tests as well as changing the rate of loading for the cyclic tests. Each of the specimens was confined with 10 mm stirrups, representing a well-confined member that is typical in an offshore floating platform. The concrete used in the experiment had an average compressive strength of 83.1 MPa. The results were evaluated and compared to the work by other researchers on high strength normal weight (HSNW) concrete as well as to the Australian, American and Canadian design codes. -- The results indicated that HSLW concrete behaves very similar to HSNW concrete and the maximum bond stress for HSLW concrete is greater than that of normal strength lightweight concrete. The bond stress versus displacement curve indicates a sharp nearly linear ascending portion of the curve followed by a steep descending portion indicating very brittle behavior, which is characteristic to high strength concrete. The cyclic tests indicated that cyclic loading does not have a significant effect on the bond strength provided that the maximum cyclic displacement is less than the peak load displacement in the monotonic test. A comparison of the test results to the various code equations indicates that the current codes are too conservative for HSLW concrete. In particular it is proposed that the concrete density modification factor for lightweight concrete in the Canadian design code be reduced from 1.30 to 1.10 for the case of HSLW concrete. Finally, it was determined that an expression based on the cubic root of the concrete compressive strength rather than the square root better describes the bond behavior of HSLW concrete.