title: Non-equilibrium real time dynamics of quantum spin systems and the quantum critical dynamics of 'dirty' bosons

contributor:
Sorensen, Erik
Physics and Astronomy

abstract:
This thesis presents our work on two separate subfields and has for this reason been divided into two parts: (I) the development and implementation of a numerical technique for non-equilibrium dynamics and a (II) detailed investigation of the dirty-boson problem.

In part (I), we optimize and develop the quantum phase space method known as the positive-P representation (PPR) specifically for the simulations of the real time quench dynamics of quantum spin systems. The main benefit of this approach is that the dynamics of the density operator is mapped onto $\sim N$ stochastic variables (where $N$ is the size of the system) that obey Langevin-type stochastic differential equations, thereby greatly reducing the complexity of the problem.

The first publication presents our initial use of the PPR on spin systems by using a Schwinger mapping for spin operators on to Bosonic operators since the underlying basis comprises of Bosonic coherent states. We simulate the quench dynamics of the generalized transverse-field spin-1/2 XXZ model in 1d showing that simulations of up to 100 spins are possible, albeit for relatively short simulation times. In our second publication, we reformulate the PPR using SU(2) spin coherent states and further optimize simulation lifetimes by implementing an extrapolation scheme, to achieve several-fold improvements over the results of our first publication. We focus solely on the transverse Ising model and simulate its quench dynamics in 1d and 2d using up to $10^4$  spins, while significantly extending simulation lifetimes.

The second part of this thesis is a numerical study of the universality class of the Superfluid-Bose Glass transition of the dirty-boson system. Recently the longstanding exact result $z=d$, where $z$ is the dynamic critical exponent and $d$ is the dimensionality of the system, has been challenged by a series of numerical studies,  suggesting the alternative scenario that $z$ should be instead unconstrained. To address this controversy, we use large scale quantum Monte-Carlo simulations on two independent quantum models, and average over $5\times10^4-10^5$ disorder realizations to numerically determine the universality class of the dirty-boson transition, paying particular attention to the dynamic critical exponent, $z$ and without any biasing assumptions.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: The Emotional Impact of Concussion: Exploring the Risks and Experiences of Depression in Youth Recovering from Concussion

contributor:
Missiuna, Cheryl
Rehabilitation Science

subject: Concussion, Mild traumatic brain injury, Depression, Children, Youth, Post-concussion syndrome

abstract:
Children and youth who suffer a mild traumatic brain injury or concussion are at risk for a number of negative outcomes.  The symptoms of concussion and the management of these symptoms can be disruptive to the child’s everyday activities, especially if they are prolonged.  Depression can result and may complicate the course of recovery.
	Depression has overlapping symptoms with concussion and is thought to lengthen the recovery period.  There has been much research done in populations of mixed severities of brain injury but very little addresses children with concussion.  Knowledge in this area is crucial due to depression’s impact on all aspects of functioning as well as the potential alteration of the child’s developmental trajectory.
	The purpose of this research was to examine the risks and predictors of depression following concussion in youth and to explore the experiences of a subsample of youth and their families with prolonged recovery from concussion, complicated by depression.
	Chapter One provides a review of the current literature setting the context for the research within what is known about concussion in youth, what is known about depression in youth and because of the early stages of this type of research, what is known about depression as an outcome of concussion in all age groups.
	Chapter Two presents a study highlighting the tangible risk for depression in a sample of children being followed in a tertiary care clinic (N=92). Significant predictors of depressive symptomatology were found to be the need for hospital admission and high symptom scores in the first few days and weeks after injury, which may be valuable
information for prevention, early identification and treatment of youth at risk for depression after concussion.
	Chapter Three provides an in-depth exploration of the experiences of youth and families who have gone through prolonged recovery from concussion with significant depressive symptomatology. A phenomenological approach was used with six participants and their families who were interviewed and their responses analyzed.  A trajectory of recovery was identified; common themes within each of four key stages of the trajectory were discussed and illustrated using direct quotes from the participants.
	Chapter Four outlines the important implications of these two studies for health care professionals; particularly in raising awareness of the mental health outcomes of concussion.  Knowledge of the impact of debilitating symptoms, activity restrictions and depression can inform discussions early after a concussion to prepare and possibly prevent some of the losses experienced by youth that can lead to depression.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Science Rehabilitation Science (MSc)


title: Methods of Statistical Analysis for Interaction and Main Effects Contributing to an All or Nothing Trait

contributor:
Tiku, M. L.
Mathematics

subject:
black melanin
broiler chickens
chi-square method
partitioning of chi-square
statistics

abstract: An analysis of the presence or absence of black melanin in broiler chickens as affected by the presence of different traits is studied in the following project. The purpose of this analysis is to show that the simple partitioning of chi-square method is as good as any method. This project also shows the equivalence of different statistical methods.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: A Study of the Reactions 149,151 Sm (p,t) 147,149 Sm

contributor:
Burke, D.G.
Physics

subject:
two-neutron pick up reaction
triton
mass spectrograph
Samarium
Sm

abstract: Two-neutron pick up reactions have been performed on targets of 149Sm and radioactive 151Sm using 18 MeV protons. The outgoing tritons from the 151Sm target were analyzed with a magnetic spectrograph at 16 angles between 6 degrees and 8 degrees. Unlike the two-neutron transfer data on neighbouring even-even targets, the angular distributions indicated l=o transitions to many levels in the final nucleus. Partial angular distributions for the 149Sm (p, t) 147Sm reaction were obtained, but showed only one strong l=o transition populating the 147Sm ground state. In addition, spectra from the 152Sm (p, t) reaction were measured at several angles in order to provide normalization to previous results.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: Dynamic Instability of a System Under the Combined Actions of Conservative or Nonconservative Loading and Base Motion

contributor: Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics

subject:
Hsu's method
oscillating base motion
circulatory loading
parametric excitation
coupled Mathieu equations

abstract: This thesis describes the analytical study of a structural system under the combined action of noncirculatory or circulatory loading and oscillating base motion. The model is a double inverted pendulum composed of two rigid weightless bars of equal length with two concentrated masses at the ends of each bar, on an oscillating base. Noncirculatory or circulatory loading is applied at the free end. At the hinges restoring moments are produced by spring and damping forces. Damping coefficients are taken as positive, and gravitational effects are considered. The stability of the system under the combined action of the noncirculatory or circulatory loading and the parametric excitation can be investigated by Hsu's method. This method is applied to solve the coupled Mathieu equations by the given system and determine the unstable resonance, a nonlinear analysis is used to find the steady state response.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Engineering (MEngr)


title: Flow in Ventilating Ducts of Electrical Machinery

subject:
ventilating ducts
air flow
local heat transfer coefficients
stole phenomenon

abstract: This thesis describes an experimental study of the air flow in ventilating ducts in the stators of electric motors and/or generators of conventional design. The objective was to facilitate prediction of local heat transfer coefficients in ventilating ducts. Various flow phenomena were observed and compared with theoretical predictions. While the theory usually used for similar cases was found o be inapplicable, a related theory was found that checked well with experimental results. A stall phenomenon was observed under certain identified conditions. Useful relationships for predicting the flow details were obtained. The relevance of the work is discussed and future work is proposed.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Engineering (MEngr)


title: Measuring Community Attitudes Towards Toronto's Dome Stadium

contributor:
Taylor, S. M.
Geography

subject:
public facility location theory
theory of attitude formation
Dome stadium
Downsview
Toronto
neighbourhood

abstract: This report fulfills the requirements of Geography 4C6.

abstract: This research report focuses on explaining the attitudinal and behavioral relationship toward public facilities. This relationship is founded from two bodies of theory; public facility location theory and the theory of attitude formation. Empirical results for testing the relationship were obtained through a survey of the Downsview community's attitudes toward Toronto's proposed dome stadium. It was found that the relationship between attitudes and behaviour can stem from the perceived impacts that a facility may generate on one's neighborhood as well as one's perceived effect or influence creating a change in the planning process.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: A Marxist/Political Economy Analysis of Conflict Over Development In Downtown Burlington

contributor:
Chouinard, Vera
Geography

subject: development in urban society, Marxist, Political, economy, property rezone

abstract:
 This research paper is a study of conflict over
development in an urban society. The Marxist/Political
Economy explanation of urban phenomena is employed throughout
as a basis for analysis. Two specific development cases are
discussed: the first case is the proposal to rezone property
to permit a medical office and the second is the application
to build an apartment complex on a piece of land that contains
an historical building. The purpose of this paper is to
explain how and why conflict occurs over development, taking
into account the different facets of the Marxist/Political
Economy perspective. Emphasis is given to the discussion of
the roles that local government, the planners, the residents
and the developers played in the decisions over the actual
proposals for development. It is concluded that the
Marxist/Political Economy perspective is the most advantageous
to use in a discussion of urban conflict. This study of
conflict is important for the urban geographer who wishes to
explain this type of human interaction. Since urban
geographers are interested in comprehending the city and its
functions, it is important to begin by understanding the
people, the most significant components of the city.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Candidate in Philosophy


title: Woodhouse Township

contributor:
Wood, H. A.
Reeds, L. G.
Geography

subject: Woodhouse Township, Norfolk County, physical, cultural development, Land utilization, geology, location, soils, climate, history, social factors, technology, human element, rural land, agricultural, non-agricultural

abstract:
No Abstract Provided
Thesis
Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: A Study of the Relationship Between Dihedral Angle and Transition State Geometry in Bimolecular Elimination Reactions

contributor:
Bourns, A. N.
Chemistry

subject: nitrogen and hydrogen-deuterium isotope, Dihedral angle, cis-, trans-2-phenylcyclopentyltrimethylammonium ions, E2 mechanism, bonds, C-N, H-C

abstract:
 The nitrogen and hydrogen-deuterium isotope effects have been measured for the base-promoted elimination reactions of cis-and trans-2-phenylcyclopentyltrimethylammonium ions and cis-and trans-2-phenylcyclohexyltrimethylammonium ions. The observations have been interpr eted as indicative of a concerted E2 mechanism for both trans and cis elimination processes. In the cis eliminations, however, proton transfer to base is far advanced at the transition state resulting in a much higher degree of carbanionic character ass ociated with the transition state than for the trans eliminations.

 The kinetic isotope effect results for these cyclic systems establish that the two bond-rupture processes complement each other; the greater the extent of proton transfer to base at the transition state, the smaller is the extent of C-N bond weakening. These observations are interpreted in terms of the coupling of the motion which extends the lengths of the H-C and C-N bonds at the transition state and the approach to coplanarity of the bonds involved in the elimination process.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: A Study of Pressure Solution Effects

contributor:
Clifford, P. M.
Geology

subject: Gowganda Formation, pure shear deformation, metamorphism, grain size, quartz, pre-lithification fraectures, recrystallization of quartz, cleavage, rock

abstract:
 A microscopic study of two samples of the Gowganda
Formation, both having undergone pure shear deformation at
greenschist f acies metamorphism has shown: Sample A -Reduction in quartz grain size, and pressure solution shadows were evidence for strong pressure solution activity. Pre-lithification fractures provided channelways for the removal of quartz and water out of the system. Matrix quartz was not recrystallized.
Sample B -Extensive local recrystallization of quartz due to pressure solution activity caused metamorphic segregation and the formation of a cleavage. Cleavage behaviour differs in the matrix from that observed in an area of contact strain, as produced by a buckled quartz vein. There is no evidence for removal of quartz from the system.

 A comparison between the two samples suggests that
(a) water, in this case at least, is necessary to produce metamorphic segregation, (b) the system has to be closed to reach metamorphic segregation and (c) original features may be preserved through limited metamorphism if the rock is dried out early in its history.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Bachelor of Science (BSc)


title: EXTRA-PERSONAL GAZE INFLUENCES ON THE EYE TO HAND SPATIAL INTERFERENCE EFFECT

contributor:
Lyons, James
Kinesiology

subject: Motor Control

abstract: An examination into the influence of observed gaze cues on motor output.

abstract: Richardson and colleagues (2013) demonstrated oculo-manual spatial interference by finding that the finger trajectory in a vertical tapping task deviated toward the direction of a concurrent saccade. It was proposed that the entrainment of the hand to the eyes was in part a function of generalized motor planning. Human action observation research has shown that cortical motor planning is also active during action observation (e.g. Buccino et al.  2001; Decety et al.  1997), which can lead to other forms of spatial interference (Kilner et al  2003). We hypothesized that because motor planning subserves both observation and execution of action, simply observing the horizontal saccades of another person would cause sufficient recruitment of oculomotor planning structures, that would result in finger tap trajectory deviations toward the direction of the observed saccade (but would not do so in a non-biological observation control condition).19 participants performed 24 trials of vertical finger taps under three different visual conditions. They were required to: a) saccade horizontally between targets; b) fixate on a biological stimulus (i.e. a video of horizontally saccading human eyes); or c) fixate on a non-biological control stimulus (horizontally moving black dots) while tapping their finger to an auditory metronome beat presented at a 750ms intervals. Results from the saccading condition replicate Richardson et al’s (2013) entrainment effect. That is, finger taps deviated to the left when participants saccaded left, and to the right when executed with a rightward saccade. Contrary to expectations however, there was no entrainment induced by observing either the biological stimulus or the control stimulus. This suggests that competing motor plans (eyes and hands) are necessary to induce interference. Further, simply observing eye movements do not recruit the same oculomotor planning networks as action execution.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Science in Kinesiology


title: CLEARINGHOUSES TARGETED AT IMPROVING USE OF RESEARCH EVIDENCE IN POLICYMAKING: RATIONALE, USER TESTING AND USAGE

contributor:
Lavis, John
Health Policy

abstract: A clarion call for the establishment of clearinghouses as a strategy to promote evidence-informed health policymaking in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) has gained momentum over the past two decades. Health Systems Evidence (HSE) and the Evidence-Informed Policy Network Virtual Health Library (EVIPNet VHL) are two cases of clearinghouses that were set up to provide research syntheses about the governance, financial, and delivery arrangements of health systems, and implementation strategies within them. Despite their promise as a knowledge translation strategy, little is known about the key features and intended effects of clearinghouses. Additionally, gaps remain about policymakers’ and stakeholders’ views about and experiences with the two clearinghouses, and about their usage and the determinants of their usage. This thesis addresses these knowledge gaps via three studies which present original scientific contributions to knowledge on this topic. The three chapters present: 1) a theoretical framework, developed using a systematic review approach, that outlines the key features and intended effects of a clearinghouse in facilitating access to and use of research evidence; 2) a qualitative approach to assess policymakers’ and stakeholders’ views about and experiences with HSE and the EVIPNet VHL in Uganda and Zambia; and 3) a mixed method approach to analyze usage and the determinants of usage of HSE and the EVIPNet VHL in the African region. In doing so, the chapters make theoretical, methodological, and substantive contributions to the field of health services and health systems research. They provide insights about clearinghouses and the necessity of health information literacy as a strategy to enhance the utilization of research evidence at the NGO, service, and government levels, for the purposes of informing advocacy as well as managerial, and programmatic decision-making and public policymaking in the health and social care sectors, and thereby contribute towards strengthening health systems in LMICs.

abstract: Dissertation

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: FEELING LIKE A CITIZEN: INTEGRATION EXAMS, EXPERTISE AND SITES OF RESISTANCE IN THE UNITED KINGDOM AND THE NETHERLANDS

contributor:
Yates, Charlotte
Political Science

subject:
Integration Exams
Affective Citizenship
the Netherlands
the United Kingdom
Comparative Public Policy
Policy Implimentation
Expertise

abstract: This thesis focuses on the implementation of state-administered integration exams as part of the naturalization and settlement process in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. Through analysis of key government documents and interviews with public servants and the experts involved, I argue that the actualization of the exam is a critical point in the policy process through which to understand how particular norms become embedded in not only the content, but the different requirements of each exam. In particular, I consider the role language-education experts, settlement experts, and the notable absence of migrants in the actualization of the exams under consideration. More importantly, I argue that while the state employs expert advice as a means through which to depoliticize the issue, the mechanisms through which this is done can in fact create spaces for the contestation of ideas. Drawing on the governmentality literature I argue that the British and Dutch borders are constructed and reified through the developing of test content, while also pointing to the ways in which non-state actors can mobilize their expertise to push for alternative, more open imaginings of the border. Through my comparison I also consider how integration has been framed as a problem with immigrants who do not have the right kind of orientation toward their ‘host’ community. The solutions to issues within immigrant communities (i.e. unemployment, poverty, poor health outcomes) rest in individuals moving from outsider to insider because these problems stem from the community’s position on the periphery of society. I argue that the immigrant’s affective orientation towards society becomes viewed as the source of these problems, and not the community's or society's orientation towards them. I then argue that the integration exam becomes a suitable solution because it solves multiple problems at once. The exam works as the mechanism through which desire is manufactured by making tangible the object of desire in the first place and by making society itself more exclusive. In this sense, the exam not only seeks to  “ensure that those who desire ‘us’ are desirable to ‘us’” (Fortier, 2013, 3) by making immigrants prove themselves worthy, but also serves as a mechanism through which the state reasserts its authority over society.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: LARGE-SCALE ROOT ZONE SOIL MOISTURE ESTIMATION USING DATA-DRIVEN METHODS

contributor:
Coulibaly, Paulin
Geography and Earth Sciences

subject: Root Zone Soil Moisture, Estimation, Artificial Neural Networks, Data Driven Methods, Sensitivity Analysis

abstract: Soil moisture is an important variable in many environmental researches and application areas as it affects the interactions between atmosphere and land surface by controlling the energy and water exchange. The current measurement techniques are insufficient to acquire accurate large-scale root zone soil moisture (RZSM) data at the spatial resolution of interest. Though assorted models have been successfully applied in relatively small areas to estimate RZSM, the large-scale estimation is still facing challenges as it requires the flexibility and practicality of the models for the applications under various conditions. Though physically based soil moisture models are widely used, the errors in model physics affect the flexibility of these models meanwhile their large demand of data and computational resources reduces the practicality. On the contrary, the statistical and data-driven methods have high potential but their applications for large-scale RZSM estimation have not been fully explored. To develop feasible models for large-scale RZSM estimation using the surface observations, artificial neural networks, specifically multilayer perceptrons (MLPs), were applied in this study to estimate RZSM at the depths of 20cm and 50cm, using the data of 557 stations in the United States. Two experiments including four models were developed and the input variables of the models were carefully selected. The sensitivity analysis found that surface soil moisture and the cumulative rainfall, snowfall, air temperature and surface soil temperature were important inputs. If given soil texture data as inputs, the models achieved better performance and were extremely sensitive to them. The results showed that the MLPs were effective and flexible for the estimation of soil moisture at 20cm under various climate types and were insensitive to the potential errors in soil moisture datasets. However, the results of the estimation at 50cm are not as good as that of the 20cm.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: Information Security Management: A Critical Success Factors Analysis

contributor:
Yuan, Yufei
Business

subject: Information Security Management

abstract:
Information security has been a crucial strategic issue in organizational management. Information security management (ISM) is a systematic process of effectively coping with information security threats and risks in an organization, through the application of a suitable range of physical, technical or operational security controls, to protect information assets and achieve business goals. There is a strong need for rigorous qualitative and quantitative empirical studies in the field of organizational information security management in order to better understand how to optimize the ISM process.
Applying critical success factors approach, this study builds a theoretical model to investigate main factors that contribute to ISM success. The following tasks were carried out: (1) identify critical success factors of ISM performance; (2) build an ISM success model and develop related hypotheses; (3) develop construct measures for critical success factors and ISM performance evaluations; (4) collect data from the industry through interviews and surveys; and (5) empirically verify the model through quantitative analysis.
The proposed theoretical model was empirically tested with data collected from a survey of managers who were presently involved with decision making regarding their company's information security (N=219). Overall, the theoretical model was successful in capturing the main antecedents of ISM performance. The results suggest that with business alignment, organizational support, IT competences, and organizational awareness of security risks and controls, information security controls can be effectively developed, resulting in successful information security management.
This study contributes to the advancement of the information security management literature by (1) proposing a theoretical model to examine the effects of critical organizational success factors on the organization’s ISM performance, (2) empirically validating this proposed model, (3) developing and validating an ISM performance construct, and (4) reviewing the most influential information security management standards and trying to validate some basic guidelines of the standard.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

abstract:
This thesis addresses three research questions: (1) How to measure ISM performance? (2) What are the critical factors that must be present to make ISM effective? And, (3) how do these factors contribute to the success of ISM?
To the best of the researcher’s knowledge, this is the first known study to empirically investigate the most important factors for ISM success and their impact on ISM performance. This study contributes to the advancement of the information security management literature by (1) proposing a theoretical model to examine the effects of critical organizational success factors on the organization’s ISM performance, (2) empirically validating this proposed model, (3) developing and validating an ISM performance construct, and (4) reviewing the most influential information security management standards and trying to validate some basic guidelines of the standard.


title: Evolving an Enzyme From a Non-Catalytic Sequence

contributor:
Li, Yingfu
Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences

subject:
evolution
origins
astrobiology
RNA World
selection
dnazyme

abstract: Life would not exist in the absence of catalysis. The “RNA World” model for the origin of life hinges on the capabilities of ribonucleic acid to encode information and perform catalysis (i.e. self-replication). Previously, functional nucleic acids such as ribozymes and deoxyribozymes (DNAzymes) have been isolated using the process of in vitro selection. This method is typically performed by isolating a catalytically active molecule from a large random library, with the assumption being that active molecules are already present in the pool and this method filters them from inactive molecules. However, in vitro selection has never been used to show that a molecule can be evolved from an inactive to an active catalyst. Here we show that the properties of DNA can be exploited to act as a proxy system for the origins of biotic chemistry by isolating a functional catalyst from a previously non-catalytic sequence. This project employs a novel perspective; rather than a random library, a known, non-functional sequence is utilized. Using in vitro selection, this known sequence is gradually evolved into a functional catalyst by solely allowing the existence of sequences that acquire mutations which enhance their function. Deep sequencing analysis of DNA pools along the evolution trajectory has identified individual mutations as the progressive drivers of molecular evolution. Evolving a catalyst from a non-catalyst gives insight into the comprehension of how life originated. This project demonstrates that an enzyme can indeed arise from a sequence of a functional polymer via permissive molecular evolution, a mechanism that may have been exploited by nature for the creation of the enormous repertoire of enzymes in the biological world today.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: Modeling Concurrency with Interval Traces

contributor:
Ryszard, Janicki
Computing and Software

subject:
Mazurkiewicz traces
Comtraces
interval traces
stratified order structures
interval order structures
inhibitor nets

abstract:
When system runs are modeled with interval orders, interval order structures are useful
tools to model abstract concurrent histories, i.e. sets of equivalent system runs. For the
general cases, Mazurkiewicz traces allow a representation of the entire partial order by
a single sequence with independency relations, and Comtraces allow a representation of
stratified order structures by single step sequences with appropriate simultaneity and serializability relations. Unfortunately, both of them are unable to clearly describe the abstract
interval order semantics of inhibitor nets.
The goal of the thesis is to provide a monoid based model called Interval Traces that
would allow a single sequence of beginnings and endings to represent the entire stratified
order structures as well as all equivalent interval order observations. And the thesis will
also show how interval order structures can be modelled by interval traces and how interval
traces can be used to describe interval order semantics.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: SOCIAL CONTEXT, PARTICIPATION, AND GOAL-ORIENTED COMMUNICATIVE INTERACTION OF SCHOOL AGED CHILDREN WITH MOTOR IMPAIRMENTS WHO USE AUGMENTATIVE AND ALTERNATIVE COMMUNICATION: VOICE AND CHOICE

title: SOCIAL CONTEXT OF CHILDREN WHO USE AIDED COMMUNICATION

subject: Augmentative and Alternative Communication

subject: Children

subject: Social Context

subject: Environmental Infleunces

subject: Communicative Interaction

abstract:
This dissertation explores the social context of children with severe motor and communication impairments who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC), examining how they participate socially, and how they interact in a goal-oriented play activity.
Chapter One provides the context by reviewing literature concerning the children who use AAC: describing their presentation, outlining the role of environmental influences, and reviewing what is known about their social context, participation and communicative interactions. This chapter reviews the issues faced by children who use AAC and outlines the thesis purpose and objectives.
Chapter Two presents a qualitative study that explores the children’s social context, participation and social relationships from both children’s and parents’ perspectives. This study provides insight into children’s communicative abilities but highlights their limited social context and opportunities and supports for communicative interaction and social participation.
Chapter Three presents a study that explores the communicative interaction within goal-oriented play activity. This study found that, if you give children who use AAC a ‘voice’, they experience communicative success. Group differences were evident, however. Compared to their peers, children using AAC were less specific, made more and different errors and received more help from partners. This study provides evidence of how contextual elements within activity settings could be altered so children could actively participate.
Chapter Four presents a conceptual framework for understanding social context. This chapter integrates person-focused and environment-focused perspectives and leads to development of a framework that depicts the transactional influences of children and social environments. Recommendations for future studies are presented.
Finally, Chapter Five discusses the implications of this dissertation, placing the insights gained from the empirical studies in the context of the proposed framework. Suggestions for further research and interventions are made that may improve health and developmental outcomes in children with severe motor and communication impairments.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Design and Analysis of an Active High Voltage Electric Accumulator

contributor:
Emadi, Ali
Kojori, Hassan
Electrical and Computer Engineering

subject: Lithium battery system

subject: Electric vehicle battery

subject: High voltage energy storage

subject: high voltage battery

subject: electric vehicle regulated battery

abstract:
Recently in more or all electric vehicles, higher voltage batteries are used which employ large number of cells in series. Series connection among cells may lead to single point of failures, safety and charge equalization issues that demand complex control and costly and/or lossy battery management methods.
Most present day high voltage batteries use dissipative-charge balancing methods, which result in poor efficiency, additional thermal management burden and lower overall vehicle range. Furthermore, the output voltages of such batteries remain unregulated and may widely change with load and environmental conditions, complicating the overall power pass design of the electrical power system. As a step forward to address these issues, this thesis studies a fault-tolerant regulated active high voltage electric accumulator with integrated power electronics for safe charge and discharge of the high voltage energy storage system.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: Spatial Impacts of Growth Centres

contributor:
Jones, P. R.
Geography

subject: spatial analysis, regression model, growth rates, growth centres, growth centers, Ontaerio, diffusion spread effects

abstract:
 The paper indicates, by a review of the early growth centre literature and the later spatial analysis literature, how little is known, particularly in quantitative terms, about the spatial impacts of growth centres. A regression model is then presented by which several aspects of the spatial impacts of growth centres in Ontario are investigated. Generally, it was found that growth was polarised around a set of designated growth centres and this growth diffused away from the growth centres quite gradually. The exceptions were for large centres, growing slowly, where growth rates increased sharply as distance to growth centres increased and for small centres , growing rapidly, where growth rates decreased rapidly with distance from growth centres.

 From the regression model, a further model was derived which was used to investigate the extent of spread effects from growth centres in Ontario. The approximate mean maximum distance of the diffusion of spread effects from growth centres was found to be 163 miles. This could have important implications for the spacing of growth centres and government policies relating to growth centres.

 The analysis also investigates the relationship between growth rates and population size and this was found to be non-linear. Generally, for small centres, population. size and growth rates were negatively related: for intermediate-sized centres the relationship was positive; and for large centres the relationship was again negative.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Magnetic Properties of Transition Ion Pyrophosphates

contributor:
Stager, C. V.
Physics

subject: magnetic properties, Mn2P2O7, Cu2P2O7, Co2P2O7, Ni2P2O7, magnetic properties, magnetic susceptibility, magnetic resonance, magnetically ordered, antiferromagnetic, ferromagnetism, molecular field

abstract:
 The magnetic properties of MnP2O7, CuP2O7, Co2P2O7
and Ni2P2O7 were studied. They were investigated using
magnetic susceptibility and magnetic resonance techniques. They were all found to become magnetically ordered between 10°K and 30°K. In all the predominant exchange interaction was antiferromagnetic. Ni2P2O7 however did show a resultant
moment at low temperatures which was attributed to weak
ferrornagnetism. The experimental results were analysed in
the molecular field approxmation which accounted for their behaviour except in the case of Cu2P2O7 where the
High Temperature Series Expansion method was necessary to explain the temperature dependence of its paramagnetic susceptibility.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Dual Isolation for Enhanced Seismic Protection

contributor:
Becker, Tracy
Civil Engineering

subject:
Earthquake
Base Isolation
Dual Isolation

abstract: Base isolated buildings are well known to provide enhanced performance due to minimized accelerations and decreased interstory drifts. However, the reduced demands are obtained at the expense of large displacements at the isolation layer. This study investigates an innovative system, termed ‘dual isolation’, which applies two layers of isolation, one at the base and one mid-story to resolve this issue. An analytical solution for the equation of motion of the proposed system is developed based on linear isolation theory. This creates a foundation to assess the behavior of various types of seismic protection systems and to select the damping, mass and frequency ratio that leads to an optimal dual isolation design. Time history responses of the dual isolation system with viscous damping are compared to those of a conventional isolation counterpart to examine the effectiveness of the system. The system reduces first floor displacements by 40% on average, while the roof displacement is increased by roughly 15%. This results in reduced design forces for the structure. In addition, accelerations, especially above the second isolation layer, are significantly decreased.  By reducing story shears and accelerations, the dual isolation system limits damage to both structural and nonstructural systems and components, thereby increasing global system performance.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: CHARACTERIZATION OF DROUGHT RESPONSE STRATEGIES IN EUTREMA SALSUGINEUM USING COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY AND TRANSCRIPTOME SEQUENCING

contributor:
Weretilnyk, Elizabeth
Biology

subject:
Water deficits
Eutrema salsugineum
Drought response strategies
Transcriptome sequencing

abstract:
The drought response of the extremophile Eutrema salsugineum (Thellungiella salsuginea) was studied using an experimental protocol involving two progressive drought exposures separated by a recovery period. Accessions from the Yukon Territory, Canada, and Shandong Province, China, were distinguished with respect to their responses to the initial drought, their recovery from wilting, and their response to a subsequent drought following recovery. Eutrema cauline leaves and rosettes were sampled at different stages of the drought treatment for water status and biomass measurements and this information guided tissue selection for transcriptome sequencing by RNA-Seq.
	For Yukon plants, the initial drought led to a 46% reduction in stomatal conductance (from 122.3 to 66.3 mol m-2s-1) and 25% reduction in rosette water loss relative to unstressed control plants, evidence of drought avoidance to conserve water. Yukon leaf solute potentials decreased to -1.83 MPa compared to -1.54 MPa for Shandong leaves indicating that more solutes accumulated in Yukon leaves in response to drought. Upon wilting, Yukon plants re-established turgor at significantly lower leaf solute potentials than the level for well-watered Yukon plants consistent with osmotic adjustment. In contrast, leaf solute potentials in re-watered Shandong plants returned to pre-drought levels (-1.6 MPa). During the second drought exposure, leaf water content and specific leaf area measurements were significantly higher in Yukon plants compared to plants experiencing the initial drought and wilting was delayed relative to Shandong plants.
	At the transcriptional level, the initial drought exposure resulted in over 2000 differentially expressed genes in leaves of Yukon plants compared to only two in Shandong plants. Following exposure to a second drought only 45 genes were differentially expressed in leaves of Yukon plants while Shandong plants underwent substantial transcriptional re-programming with nearly 500 genes showing differential expression.
	 	Studies of Eutrema grown under controlled conditions were supplemented by physiological measurements made using Eutrema plants found on saline soils in the Yukon. The average stomatal conductance for field plants was 84.8 mol m-2s-1, a rate similar to that of drought-treated Yukon plants in the cabinet. Leaf solute potentials of field plants ranged from -2.0 MPa to -3.5 MPa. RT-qPCR showed the relative expression of four dehydrin-encoding genes, EsRAB18, EsRD22, EsRD29A, and EsERD1, was high in the field plants and levels of expression were comparable to drought-stressed cabinet plants.
	In summary, Eutrema salsugineum has a naturally high tolerance to water deficits. Between the two accessions studied, Yukon plants have a superior capacity to withstand drought relative to Shandong plants. The heightened capacity for Yukon plants to recover from drought and tolerate repeated drought exposures makes this accession a particularly valuable model for studying many mechanisms underlying innate and inducible plant tolerance to drought.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Pleistocene Climates Determined From Stable Isotope and Geochronologic Studies of Speleothem

contributor:
Schwarcz, Henry P.
Ford, Derek C.
Geology

subject: temperature dependent, trace elements, calcite, magnesium, strontium, 23U/238U, 18o/16o, speleothems, paleoclimatic indicator, cold, or glacial conditions, calcite speleothems, limestone, 230Th/234U, 231Pa/230Th, groundwaters, carbon dixoide, stalagmites, carbonate deposits, stalactites, flowstones

abstract:
 Speleothems are calcium carbonate deposits, such as stalagmites, stalactites and flowstones, formed in a cave environment by loss of carbon dioxide from saturated groundwaters. Variations in the 18o/16o ratio of calcite are related to changes in depositional temperature provided that the speleothem formed in isotopic equilibrium with its seepage water (conditions characterised by slow coloss and no evaporation of seepage water). Variations in 18o/16o of the seepage water will also be reproduced in the calcite but allowance for this effect can
be made if 18o/16o ratio of the source (ocean water) can be estimated (from deep sea sediment cores) and if the influence of temperature on 18o/16o ratio of precipitation at the site can be determined. Because cave temperatures closely approximate mean annual surface temperature, the axial 18o/16o record of a speleothem is therefore an indication of paleoclimate and of temperature change over the period of its growth.

 The frequency distribution of age measurements for several speleothems from an area may also be used as a paleoclimatic indicator because cold or glacial conditions above the cave will inhibit speleothem growth by freezing water at the surface and removing vegetation and soil cover, the main source of CO2 for the limestone dissolution-reprecipitation process.

 Pure, non-porous calcite speleothems from several limestone regions have been dated in this study by the 230Th/234U method, and in cases of uranium-rich speleothems, by the 231Pa/230Th method also. For ten such cases, examined, good agreement of ages determined by both dating methods was found.

 Relatively few deposits however, have shown deposition under isotopic equilibriwn conditions, due probably to the well-ventilated nature of the caves studied.

 The age distribution for speleothem from Cascade Cave on Vancouver Island, B.C., indicates growth during the mid-Wisconsin interstadial dated as 65 -30,000 yrs. B.P. Stable isotope profiles for two speleothems which
grew over this period both show values of 18o/16o ratios of calcite which are significantly lower than calcite growing in the cave today. This is the first clearly-defined record of such an occurence (in previous work, 18o/16o of fossil speleothem was generally greater than modern). Using estimates of the change in 18o/16o of ocean water from a Pacific deep sea core, and the value determined by Dansgaard (1964) for the temperature dependence of 18o/16o of precipitation for oceanic sites, a realistic paleotemperature record is derived. The results indicate that temperatures at the Cascade Cave site were about 4.0°C , 64,000 yrs. ago· and gradually declined to 0°c by 35,000 yrs. ago. These data are consistent with the findings of Canadian workers from 14c and palynological studies of fossil organic matter in the area, and do not support the proposal by some American workers of a major glaciation occurring between 35 - 40,000 yrs. B.P.

 The age distribution for 140 analyses of 82 speleothems collected from caves in north-west England show abundant deposition during the periods 130 -90,000 yrs. B.P. and 13,000 yrs. B.P. to present, with limited growth over the periods > 350 -170,000 yrs. B.P. and 70 -35,000 yrs. B.P. No ages were found to lie within the periods 170 -140,000 yrs. B.P. and 35-15,000
yrs. B.P. These intervals are correlated to the Wolstonian and Devensian glaciations respectively.

 Only four speleothems were found to have grown in isotopic equilibrium with their seepage waters, and one of these showed periods of non-equilibrium deposition. In contrast to the Vancouver Island results, 18o/16o all ratios were found to be greater than or equal to modern, indicating that the apparent oceanic location of this site is not expressed in the on the value for temperature dependence of 18o/16o precipitation.

 An oxygen isotope profile for a flowstone dated between 126,000 and 109, 000 yrs. B.P. shows 18o/16o ratios commencing  at values slightly lower than for modern calcite and shifting to still lower values at about 112, 000 yrs. B.P. This shift may indicate a cooling event perhaps carrelative with the isotope stage 5e-5d transition seen in the deep sea core record. A profile for a flowstone over the period 290 -190,000 yrs. B.P. shows excellent correlation to interglacial stages 9e and 7c seen in the deep sea core record, and a pronounced growth hiatus dated at about 250 210,000 yrs. B.P. correlates with glacial stage 8. These are the first speleothem results to show a climatic record beyond 200,000 yrs. B.P.

 The differences in 18o/16o behaviour for speleothems from the two locations (N .E. Pacific and ..E. Atlantic) are interpreted in terms of their relative proximity to the ocean, potential for exchange of water vapour and 'rainout' by airmasses moving towards the cave sites, and possibility of change in meteorological conditions (principally storm track) over the periods studied.

In a subsidiary study, evidence for major sea level lowering during the Illinoian glaciation is recognised by age determinations on the calcite core of speleothems collected at 45m below present sea level from a 'blue hole' near Andros Island in the Bahamas.

 The possibility of applying the 234U/238U dating method to speleothem is also investigated in this work, by the analysis of modern calci tes and their seepage waters, using a new method for uranium extraction from groundwater. However the variations in 234U/238U ratios observed over short distances in the same cave demonstrate that estimation of initial fossil 234U/238U in the speleothem cannot simply be made by averaging modern ratios for the cave.

Consideration is also given to the temperature dependent distribution of trace elements in calcite, particularly magnesium and strontium. Analyses of modern calcites and waters show that Mg incorporation is strongly temperature dependent whereas Sr is not. The possibility of using Mg variations in fossil speleothem as indication of temperature change is briefly examined but the results for one sample are found to be inconclusive.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: The Ultraviolet Absorption Spectrum of Thioformaldehyde

contributor:
Moule, D.C.
Chemistry

subject: thioformaldehyde, wavelength, electronic, non-planar, excitation

abstract: Page 12 was not included in the thesis.

abstract:
 This work extends the knowledge about the excited electronic states of thioformaldehyde. Survey work is reported over the wavelength region from 230 nm to 180 nm and four electronic transitions are identified. These are assigned as the 1Al(π,π*), 1B2(n,3s), 1Al(n,3py) and 1B2(n,3pz) systems.

 A vibrational and rotational analysis of the first two systems has been undertaken. The results of these analyses indicate that the molecule remains planar or nearly so in both the 1Al(π,π*) and the 1B2 (n,3s) transitions. This behaviour is contrasted to that of similar molecules which are known to be non-planar in these electronic states and reasons are offered for this observation. The substituted geometry for thioformaldehyde in the 1B2(n,3s) state has been calculated and provides insight into the changes which occur in the molecule on electronic excitation.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Post-Irradiation Study of Highly Converted Styrene-Polystyrene Systems

contributor:
Hodgins, J.W.
Chemical Engineering

subject: post-irradiation, annealing, radicals, decay

abstract: Pages 154 and 155 were not included in the thesis.

abstract:
 The post-irradiation annealing of highly converted styrene-polystyrene systems was explored. Experimental conditions necessary for the entrapment of high concentrations of free radicals in such systems were investigated. They were found to bear a relation to the glass transition temperature of the system.

 The concentration of free radicals formed by subjecting the polymer-monomer systems to Gamma rays, at room temperature, was measured, and the subsequent GM and GP values were calculated. The structure of the formed
radical was found to be in agreement with that suggested by previous investigators.
The free radicals decay was examined at varied temperatures above and below Tgs, and was found to follow a second order mechanism. The activation energy of decay was found to increase by raising the temperature above Tgs.

 When irradiation was executed at temperatures below Tgs, post-irradiation annealing led to high rates of polymerization when carried out at temperatures above Tgs.

 The number average molecular weight was practically unchanged during the polymerization of the last few percent monomer.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Engineering (MEngr)


title: Fast Quantitative Microwave Imaging Based on Calibration Measurements

contributor:
Nikolova, Natalia
Electrical and Computer Engineering

subject: Microwave Imaging

abstract:
This thesis contributes to the solution of the inverse electromagnetic (EM) scattering problems arising in microwave imaging. A calibration technique based on measurements of specific objects is proposed and a fast quantitative imaging method based on such measurements is developed.
The calibration measurements are performed on two known objects: the reference object representing the scatterer-free measurement and the calibration object representing a small scatterer embedded in the reference object. The inversion method does not need analytical or numerical approximations of the forward model as those are replaced by the measurement-based model. It is particularly valuable in short-range imaging, where analytical models of the incident field do not exist while the fidelity of the simulation models is often inadequate. In this thesis, it is demonstrated that the implementation of the calibration technique in the sensitivity-based imaging improves both the imaging efficiency as well as the image quality.
A quantitative imaging method is further developed based on the calibration measurements where a direct inversion in real space is employed. The electrical properties of dielectric objects are reconstructed using a resolvent kernel in the forward model, which is extracted from the calibration measurements. The experimentally determined resolvent kernel inherently includes the particulars of the measurement setup, including all transmitting and receiving antennas. The inversion is fast, allowing for quasi-real-time image reconstruction.
The theoretical limitations of the fast quantitative imaging method have been investigated and its performance with noisy data has been examined. It is found that the proposed method has limitations which are more flexible than those of the linear Born model. The method is also robust to random noise.
Both the calibration technique and the fast quantitative imaging method are validated through synthetic, simulation and/or experimental examples. The proposed concept of experimentally derived resolvent kernel in the forward model is general and may be valuable in other imaging modalities such as ultrasound, photonic imaging, electrical-impedance tomography, etc.

abstract: Dissertation

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: A Study of Reaction Sites in AC Electro-Slag Remelting

contributor:
Kay, D. A. R.
Metallurgy and Materials Science

subject: slag-metal, AC electro-slag remelting, ESR, sulphur transfer, electrode tip, electrode slag

abstract:
 The dominant slag-metal reaction site in AC electro-slag
remelting (ESR) has been directly determined by estimating the rate of
sulphur transfer at the electrode tip/slag and metal pool/slag interfaces.
In this investigation, negligible sulphur transfer has been
assumed at the droplet/slag interface, and the basis for such assumption
is discussed. Using a 5.825" diameter mould and CaF2-CaO slags,
it has been established that the electrode tip/slag interface is the
dominant reaction site. Calculations indicate that the pool sulphur
is close to equilibrium with the slag. The importance of all six
reaction sites in AC ESR are discussed. The results indicate the
importance of the slag/atmosphere interface, especially when using slags
of low lime content. Conventonal overall sulphur balances have
been carried out and the results are in agreement with the rates
obtained at the different interfaces, thus indicating internal consistency
of the results.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Engineering (MEngr)


title: Petrology and Geochemistry of an Archean Migmatite Terrain, Favourable Lake Area, Northwest Ontario

contributor:
Crocket, James H.
Geology

subject: petrology, archean, migmatite, terrain, elements, fusion

abstract: The "F-Zone" is part of a migmatitic, radiometrically anomalous belt which forms the contact between a large granitic batholith and a region of homogeneous diatexite. Petrographic and geochemical analysis (including whole rock and rare-earth element analyses) of these three units has been carried out. Results indicate that the batholith was formed by partial fusion of sedimentary and volcanic material; the homogeneous diatexite arose in a similar way although fusion was less complete and; the migmatite incorporates material from both of these units. Late stage metasomatic-hydrothermal activity has concentrated uranium from the country rock in the migmatite zone.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Bachelor of Science (BSc)


title: MODELING OF MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF ANISOTROPIC ROCKS

contributor:
Pietruszczak, Stanislaw
Civil Engineering

subject:
Anisotropic rocks
Tournemire shale
Numerical simulation
Parameter identification
Finite element modeling
Mechanical Behaviour

abstract:
The natural soils and sedimentary rocks are typically formed by deposition and progressive consolidation of marine sediments. Consequently, they are characterized by the presence of closely spaced bedding planes, resulting in anisotropy in their mechanical behaviour.
Among anisotropic rocks, the group of sedimentary rocks known as shales is of a particular interest as it is often the host rock in nuclear waste storage and oil industry. The Tournemire shales are anisotropic in terms of deformability and the failure mode, which means that complex constitutive models should be used to describe their mechanical response.
In this thesis a pragmatic methodology based on the notion of a microstructure tensor, as suggested by Pietruszczak and Mroz (2001), has been employed for the description of orientation dependent characteristics of Tournemire shale. This has been combined with a plasticity framework that incorporates an anisotropic deviatoric hardening. The formulation requires identification of several parameters including strength descriptors associated with the failure criterion and constants that are involved in describing the anisotropy and strain hardening. All the material functions/parameters have been identified here based on the experimental results reported by Niandou et al. (1997). Using those parameters, the numerical simulations of a number of triaxial tests were conducted and the results compared with the experimental data in order to verify the performance of the model.
After the verification stage, the formulation was incorporated in a commercial FE code (Abaqus/standard) using the UMAT interface and was then applied to a numerical analysis of a tunnel excavation within the anisotropic rock mass. The numerical results, including the distribution of the damage and vertical/horizontal displacements, have been compared for different orientations of the bedding planes.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: The Servicing of Union Park 1909-1930

contributor:
Harris, Richard
Geography

subject: union park, urban areas, residential, services

abstract: The provision of public services is an important process to consider when studying the development of urban areas. However, we know relatively little about the factors affecting the timing of essential services. Union Park, a working-class suburb of Hamilton, is an example of a neighbourhood that was serviced after a significant level of residential development had already taken place. Services were provided primarily in response to poor sanitary conditions. Residents petitioned for annexation to the city of Hamilton to receive the amenities of urban life, particularly water mains, sewers, cement walks, and paved roads. Public services were paid for primarily by the residents themselves. For this reason, they had some control over the timing of service installation. Residents could petition for or against servicing according to their financial situation. Capital availability had an impact on the timing of servicing, which occurred in stages between 1909 and 1930. World War 1 limited the amount of available capital, and shifted concerns to making ends meet in a wartime economy. Union Park was settled mainly by working-class British immigrants. Suburbs are commonly thought of as homogeneous middle-class neighbourhoods. Working-class suburbs have been virtually ignored in past research. This study on Union Park hopefully adds to the growing body of knowledge on the suburban working-class experience and the process of public service provision, in early twentieth-century North American cities.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Candidate in Philosophy


title: The Process of State Intervention in the Urban Space Economy

contributor:
Dear, M.J.
Geography

subject: state, intervention, urban space, economy, capital, property, finance

abstract: This paper focuses on the process of state intervention in the urban space economy. The circulation of capital in and its effect on urban space provide the context for the analysis of the intervention process. Particular attention is paid to the circulation of property capital and urban finance capital which are directly involved in capital formation in urban space. The model of the state formulated by Claus Offe forms the basis for establishing the relationship between the function and internal operation of the state and the conditions arising from capital circulation. By linking the model of capitalist urbanism with the model of the capitalist state a framework was created for the analysis and evaluation of state action. The components of the framework are capital circulation, the logic of urban planning and mechanisms governing the internal operation of the state. Socialized management and collective production are intervention strategies analyzed within the framework, and are shown to be sources of contradiction and crisis.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Lattice of Topologies

contributor:
Bruns, G.
Mathematics

subject: lattice, topologies, co-atoms, properties

abstract: This thesis deals with the lattice of all topologies which may be put on an arbitrary set E. The structure of the lattice is investigated together with its lattice properties. A chapter is included on the co-atoms of the lattice, the ultra-topologies, wherein various topological properties which do and do not hold are investigated. Various topological properties are considered as to which topologies are minimal and maximal such and also which topological properties are preserved under lattice operations and relations.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: Rate Effects in Bulk Forming

contributor:
Duncan, J. L.
Mechanical Engineering

subject: industrial metalworking processes, metalworking processes, extrusion, loads and material flow characteristics,

subject: deforming metals, tangential velocity, rotation

abstract:
 One of the major industrial metalworking processes is extrusion
and it is of technological importance to be able to estimate the loads
and material flow characteristics within the deforming metal. Hot
metals and superplastic materials are particularly sensitive to the
speed of the operation al though it is difficult to col".sider this in an
analysis of the problem.

This thesis reviews the analytical techniques available to the
engineer to determine the loads in bulk forming processes and examines the way in which rate effects have been accommodated. The upper bound method, which is an approximate analytical technique, is reviewed in detail. The concept of a tangential shear zone of constant shear strain
rate is introduced and used to enable strain rate effects to be
considered within the upper bound technique. The work rate across each discontinuity is shown to be a function of the material strain rate
sensitivity, the shear zone width and the tangential veloc i ty change.

A number of tangential velocity fields are proposed for the side
extrusion process. These are examined and compared by minimizing the
work rate using a computer optimization technique. The optimum solution
for a simple tangential velocity discontinuity field is shown to give
load estimates which are within 10% of those given by the more exact
slip-line field method.

Experiments, performed by the author on the side extrusion of two materials, which have very different strain rate sensitivities, are
reported in detail. A characteristic difference in the extrudate
geometry for the two materials is identified and shown to be a result of
the difference in the materials strain rate sensitivity index. The
experimental extrusion pressures for the two materials at different ram
velocities are compared with theoretical values derived using the theory
developed earlier in the thesis; the correlation is good.

The shape of the tangential discontinuity between a uniform
translational and uniform rotational field is examined and shown to be a circular arc. A number of new tangential velocity discontinuity fields
are presented for a variety of common metalworking processes. These fields comprise straight and circular discontinuities and represent a
new type of "mixed" field which predicts the rotation of the extrudate.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Evaluation and Response to Environmental Change

contributor:
Taylor, S.M.
Geography

subject: environmental, change, evaluations

abstract:
 This paper proposes an approach for research into environmental change. It is argued that research should take into account the subjective level of a person's experience in order to gain an understanding of the human consequences of change. Two methods of investigating
subjective interpretations and evaluations of environmental change are discussed: phenomenological description and personal construct theory. However, it is contended that
analysis of behavioural responses to change requires consideration of group processes and conditions operating independently of any one individual. In this regard, the problems and constraints associated with collective actions to protest environmental decisions are examined.
The proposed approach thus attempts to link the micro-situation of the individual with the aggregate processes of environmental change.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Reactivity Coefficients In A Thorium Oxide Fuelled, Heavy Water Moderated And Cooled Reactor (Part A); Validity of Bragg Stopping Cross-Section Additivity Rule For SiC (Part B)

contributor:
Thompson, D. A.
Robinson, J. E.
Engineering Physics

subject: temperature coefficients, reactivity, 37 element, thorium oxide, heavy water moderated, cooled reactor, magnitude, fission product, Xe-135, fuel, nuclides, one-pseudo fission product,

subject: Bragg Kleeman rule, atomic cross section, additive, low energy He ions

abstract:
 Part A Abstract

 Temperature coefficients of reactivity for an 37-element reference design of a thorium oxide fuelled, heavy water moderated and cooled reactor, are calculated. The physical processes which determine magnitude and sign of the coefficients are identified and discussed. Results are given for fresh fuel containing equilibrium concentrations of the fission product Xe-135 and with boron control in the moderator. Results are. also -given for fresh fuel with the equilibrium concentration of Xe-135 but without boron contorl for fuel with an exposue of 1.513 n/k barn and for fuel with an exposure of 3.13 n/k barn; each containing appropriate concentrations of 50 separate nuclides and one-pseudo fission product. The fuel temperature coefficient of reactivity is negative for all the cases studied, while the coolant temperature coefficient of reactivity is positive for all the cases studied. The void effect is an increase in reactivity for all cases studied.
 //////////////////////
 Part B Abstract

 This work has been done with the purpose of studying the validity of Bragg Kleeman rule which states that for combinations of elements, the atomic stopping cross-sections are additive. The validity of Bragg Kleeman rule for low energy He ions has not been conclusively tested for solids. In this work, the comparison with the experimental stopping power of SiC with the additive stopping powers of Si and C has been made experimentally.

 A thick target technique in the experimental evaluation of the stopping powers is used. This method has some simplicity over the thin target techniques.

 A calibration of the McMaster University Van-de Graff accelerator was done. Experiments were conducted later using the calibration curves produced.

 The report contains a brief account on different sources of errors due to the Van-de-Graff accelerator calibration and due to stopping power experiments.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Nonlinear Behaviour of Open Thin-Walled Elastic Beams

contributor: Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics

subject: nonlinear, geometric, thin-walled, elastic, beams, deformation, torsion, uniform

abstract:
 A general, consistent, nonlinear theory for open thin-walled elastic beams is presented. The theory takes into account geometric nonlinearities caused by large rotation of the cross section of the beam. The nonlinear differential equations of deformation and response are derived by means of application of Hamilton's principle. It is found that the set of equations reduces to the results obtained by Cullimore and Gregory in the special cases of large uniform torsion of thin-walled members. A solution of a thin-walled beam, subjected to large non-uniform torsional deformation due to application of torques at the ends, is obtained. Comparison is made on the torque - rotation characteristics of a thin-walled beam subjected to large uniform torsion and large non-uniform torsion to show the effect of end constraint from warping.

 A set of nonlinear equations to study the stability of a thin-walled beam of open cross section, under axial loading (spatial stability) and lateral loading (lateral stability), is presented. Using the derived equations, the dynamic stability of thin-walled beams of symmetrical and monosymmetrical cross sections subjected to axial loads, is investigated. The regions of parametric instability, the steady state amplitudes of oscillations, once parametric instability takes place, and the non-steady state solutions, to show the growth of the parametric oscillations, are carried out.

 The effect of viscous damping on the steady state amplitude and the growth behaviour of the parametrically excited oscillations is shown. The dynamic stability of a thin-walled beam of symmetrical I section and a monosymmetrical split ring section are worked out in detail as examples.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: The Geology and Petrology of the Iron and Manitou Islands Alkaline Carbonatite at Nipissing Lake, Ontario

contributor:
Burley, B.J.
Geology

subject:
Iron and Manitou Islands complexes
Nipissing
rock differentiation
pyroxene
magma
lamprophyres
silica activity
alkaline carbonatite complexes

abstract:
The Iron and Manitou Islands complexes are 560 m.y. old. They were associated with a magma chamber lying at moderate depth below these complexes, On a regional scale the emplacement is controlled by the Nipissing graben system, an extension of the St. Lawrence rift system, along which an alkaline igneous province, 560 m.y. old, is well developed. A variety of rock types is developed in these complexes in spite of their small size. This is a result of extensive differentiation, interaction of late fractions with already crystallized early fractions, interaction of a "fluid phase" with country rocks, partial melting of country rocks, and finally various late hydrothermal alterations. The high degree of differentiation is probably a consequence of the high amount of volatile components in the magma which lowers its viscosity, extends its crystallization range, and consequently enhances fractional crystallization. In addition, liquid immiscibility played an important role in the differentiation. During differentiation the pyroxenes changed in composition from Ca-rich varieties through aegirine-augite to acmite, There is no evidence of an immiscibility gap between Ca-rich and Na-rich pyroxenes as has been proposed by Aoki (1964) but criticized by later investigators, Members of the phlogopite-biotite solid solution series exhibit a compositional range from annite-12 to annite-63. The characteristic assemblage melilite; Ca-rich pyroxene, and olivine (partially or completely replaced olivine phenocrysts) occurring in some lamprophyres indicates low silica activity, 10^(-1.6) to 10^(-1.2). However, the silica activity of the Lamprophyres is not restricted to the above range since the presence of sphene in some Lamprophyre dykes indicates silica activity above this range. The required condition of excess sodium silicate for the crystallization of acmite in synthetic melts seems to be required in nature too. Lamprophyres have a crystallization temperature of about 950°C. Fenitization of the country rocks takes place from relatively low temperature, probably 480°F, to about 740°C where partial melting of the rocks occur.
The development of the graben system and the alkaline igneous activity are both believed to be related to devolatilization processes in the mantle.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: Data Cleaning with Minimal Information Disclosure

contributor:
Chiang, Fei
Computer Science

subject:
Data cleaning
Data management
Data privacy
Information theory

abstract: Businesses analyze large datasets in order to extract valuable insights from the data. Unfortunately, most real datasets contain errors that need to be corrected before any analysis. Businesses can utilize various data cleaning systems and algorithms to automate the correction of data errors. Many systems correct the data errors by using information present within the dirty dataset itself. Some also incorporate user feedback in order to validate the quality of the suggested data corrections. However, users are not always available for feedback. Hence, some systems rely on clean data sources to help with the data cleaning process. This involves comparing records between the dirty dataset and the clean dataset in order to detect high quality fixes for the erroneous data. Every record in the dirty dataset is compared with every record in the clean dataset in order to find similar records. The values of the records in the clean dataset can be used to correct the values of the erroneous records in the dirty dataset. Realistically, comparing records across two datasets may not be possible due to privacy reasons. For example, there are laws to restrict the free movement of personal data. Additionally, different records within a dataset may have different privacy requirements. Existing data cleaning systems do not factor in these privacy requirements on the respective datasets. This motivates the need for privacy aware data cleaning systems. In this thesis, we examine the role of privacy in the data cleaning process. We present a novel data cleaning framework that supports the cooperation between the clean and the dirty datasets such that the clean dataset discloses a minimal amount of information and the dirty dataset uses this information to (maximally) clean its data. We investigate the tradeoff between information disclosure and data cleaning utility, modelling this tradeoff as a multi-objective optimization problem within our framework. We propose four optimization functions to solve our optimization problem. Finally, we perform extensive experiments on datasets containing up to 3 million records by varying parameters such as the error rate of the dataset, the size of the dataset, the number of constraints on the dataset, etc and measure the impact on accuracy and performance for those parameters. Our results demonstrate that disclosing a larger amount of information within the clean dataset helps in cleaning the dirty dataset to a larger extent. We find that with 80% information disclosure (relative to the weighted optimization function), we are able to achieve a precision of 91% and a recall of 85%. We also compare our algorithms against each other to discover which ones produce better data repairs and which ones take longer to find repairs. We incorporate ideas from Barone et al. into our framework and show that our approach is 30% faster, but 7% worse for precision. We conclude that our data cleaning framework can be applied to real-world scenarios where controlling the amount of information disclosed is important.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Computer Science (MCS)


title: Jurassic and Basal Cretaceous Ammonites From The Kemaboe Valley, West Irian (West New Guinea)

contributor:
Westermann, G. E. G.
Geology

subject: ammonites, West New Guinea, Sowerbyi Zone, Jurassic, Valanginian, fauna, Pacific Realm, Ethiopian, Tethyan Realm, Sulaites, sexual dimorphism

abstract: An unlocalised collection of ammonites from West New Guinea is described and identified. These identifications afford the basis for determining the stratigraphic position of the fauna, which ext ends from the Sowerbyi Zone of the Middle Jurassic to the Upper Valanginian. The relations of the fauna to other ammonite faunas are described and indicate the ammonites in the present collection to be most closely related to the faunas of the Pacific Realm and Ethiopian province of the Tethyan Realm. A new genus, Sulaites is described and possible sexual dimorphism is detected therein.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: A Regional Study of Bromley Township, Renfrew Country, Ontario

contributor:
Reeds, L. G.
Geography

subject:
Bromley Township
Renfrew Country
Pembroke
geography
geographical differentiation

abstract: No abstract provided.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Bachelor of Science (BSc)

abstract:
The thesis is divided into two main sections. In the first section an attempt is made to describe the physical geography of the Bromley township and to show interrelationships between various
phenomena. The second section gives an account of the activities
of man upon this physical background. Field work was carried out in the township during the week of September 12 to 17, 1955, with the assistance of Dr. Thompson and Mr. Wood of the Department of Geography of McMaster University, and Mr. McLeod of the University of Toronto. Material was gathered also from the library and from aerial photographs, soil maps, and other sources.


title: The Morpho-Ecological Character of Coastal Sand Dunes on the Northern Tombolo, Les Iles-De-La-Madeleine, Quebec

contributor:
McCann, Brian
Geography

subject:
Les Iles-de-la-Madeleine
Gulf of St. Lawrence
morphology
vegetation
Dune du Nord
Dune du Sud
wave energy
Hesp's model

abstract: This research paper was submitted to the Department of Geography in fulfillment of the requirements of Geography 4C6.

abstract: There are marked differences in the morphology and vegetation of the west (Dune du Nord) and east (Dune du Sud) coast dunes of Les Iles-de-la-Madeleine in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence. The west coast dunes consist mainly of blown-out foredunes succeeded inland by large parabolic dunes. Vegetation is dominated by Ammophila breviligulata with <40% cover, except for the rich flora of cranberry bog communities that occur in deflation hollows at the base of the parabolic scarps. One section of Dune du Nord has more stable, heath-covered dunes that have been extensively modified by deflation, creating a complex topography. On the east coast, the stable dunes support species rich heath and grassland vegetation with higher cover (60-100%). The southern part is a wide complex of progradational ridges, now being overridden on the seaward side by a narrow blown-out strip dominated by A. brevliligulata. To the north, the topography is simple, with A. brevliligulata on the foredune that is quickly succeeded by grassland vegetation on a narrow dune flat. This contrast in morpho-ecological conditions between the two coasts is related to the differences in wave energy described by Owens (1977), wind regime, and existing topography. The present research paper provides a Canadian example of Hesp's (1988) model of the surfzone and wave energy interaction with dune morphology and ecology.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Bachelor of Science (BSc)


title: Suitability of Hybrid Electric Powertrains with Electric Turbocharger

contributor:
Emadi, Ali
Habibi, Saeid
Mechanical Engineering

subject:
Hybrid
Electric Turbocharger
Powertrain

abstract:
This research investigates the effects of an electric turbocharger in a hybrid electric
powertrain. First generic vehicle models are created and run to understand the
overall powertrain requirements of torque, power and energy of a performance
consumer vehicle. Then a low fidelity baseline model of a conventional vehicle is
created in Simulink to serve as a baseline measure.
To analyze an electric turbocharger system a high-fidelity model in AMESIM of a 4
cylinder turbocharged engine was modified. This engine model was analyzed using
virtual dynamometer tests and a simplified look-up table based controller was
developed for the electric motor within the electric turbocharger. Next this engine
model was inserted within three different types of hybrid powertrain architectures
models in AMESIM. Each hybrid powertrain required a unique supervisory
controller which was developed using Stateflow in Simulink. These controller
algorithms were imported into AMESIM and the model was simulated over standard
drive cycles. Since a very wide variation of electrification level exists within hybrid
powertrains the supervisory controllers are calibrated for charge-sustaining
simulations. This allows for impartial comparisons across the hybrid architectures.
Lastly a track drive cycle was developed to understand electric turbocharger effects
under high performance loading conditions

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)

abstract:
Turbochargers on internal combustion engines can utilize a portion of waste
exhaust energy to pump more air into the cylinder leading to greater power and
efficiency. A modern high performance 4-cylinder turbocharged engine is capable of
replacing a V6 engine of much higher cylinder displacement. However turbocharged
engines suffer from ‘turbo lag’ when the engine cannot immediately produce power.
An electric turbocharger can virtually eliminate this ‘turbo lag’ as well as generate
electricity from excess energy the turbocharger does not use. Electric turbochargers
have been development by researchers and various automotive manufacturers.
However the potential effects of such a system within the framework of a hybrid
electric powertrain in a consumer vehicle has not been quantified. The objective of
this research is to use high fidelity models to investigate the effects of an electric
turbocharger system within a hybrid powertrain.


title: Stability of Open Thin Walled Channel Columns

subject: buckling, strength, stability, channel, thin walled

abstract:
 This thesis deals with the analytical and experimental study of buckling strength, of thin walled channel struts, of different geometrical dimensions. The influence of the dimensions of the columns on the buckling strength has been studied.

 The experimental work consisted of testing different channels of thin sheeting to failure. Comparison has been made with the previous work done and a comparison is made between the theoretical predicted values and the experimental results. The Appendix includes detailed mathematical procedure and matrices formulations.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Engineering (MEngr)


title: AN EXPLORATION INTO THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE MENTAL HEALTH OF UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS AT MCMASTER UNIVERSITY AND THEIR AFFILIATION WITH NATURE

title: POST-SECONDARY STUDENT MENTAL HEALTH AND NATURE AFFILIATION

contributor:
Williams, Allison
Geography

subject:
post-secondary students
mental health
nature connectedness
nature affiliation
natural places
therapeutic landscapes
photovoice
mixed-methods
qualitative
quantitative

abstract:
The first paper is a two-phase mixed methods study that explored the relationship among nature connectedness, mental health, and childhood nature experiences in a sample of McMaster undergraduates. Study objectives were twofold: (1) to determine associations between measures of nature connectedness, positive childhood nature experiences, and mental health via an online survey (Phase One); and, (2) to compare, qualitatively, the self-reported childhood nature experiences of students who are more nature connected to those who are less nature connected via in-depth interviews (Phase Two). Quantitative findings from the Phase One survey (N=308) showed that nature connectedness is associated with higher levels of emotional and psychological well-being and also correlates positively with students’ self-recalled positive childhood nature experiences. Thematic analysis of qualitative findings from in-depth interviews held with students (n=12) in Phase Two showed that students who measured relatively higher in nature connectedness recall growing up in the vicinity of accessible, expansive, natural places, and being raised in families that modeled a love for nature and valued shared nature experiences. Overall, findings suggest that positive experiences in natural places growing up may have long-term mental health benefits through fostering a more ecological self.
The second paper, an exploratory qualitative study, investigated the types of natural places that McMaster undergraduates consider beneficial to their mental health, and why. Twelve students were invited to photographically document a natural place that they consider mental health promoting. Thematic analysis of photographs and follow-up in-depth interviews revealed that students prefer familiar natural places that contain a variety of natural elements (especially mature trees and some form of water) and are separate from the context of everyday campus life (distanced from both the built and social campus environment). Overall, findings demonstrate the importance of acknowledging symbolic and social factors when assessing the potential mental health benefits of natural places for different groups and individuals.
In the third paper, an argumentative essay, we argued that colleges and universities should take nature’s mental health benefits seriously by finding ways to foster student-nature relationships both on their campuses, and in their surrounding communities. We present and describe four geographically informed ways that this might be accomplished: (1) raising awareness; (2) planning for the availability and accessibility of natural spaces; (3) bringing nature indoors, and; (4) using nature-based therapies. While many students may be “bleeding at the roots”, it is not too late to graft them back onto the earth.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)

abstract:
The first paper explored associations among childhood nature experiences, nature connectedness (a measure of the degree to which an individual includes nature in her or his identity), and mental health in McMaster undergrads. Quantitative results showed that positive childhood nature experiences, nature connectedness, and mental health are all significantly related. Qualitative findings showed that students who are more nature connected remember growing up in nature loving families and in the vicinity of expansive natural areas (e.g., a conservation area).
The second paper explored the types of natural places that McMaster undergrads consider beneficial to their mental health, and why. Twelve students were invited to visit a favourite natural place and take photographs of it. Qualitative findings showed that students’ prefer familiar natural places that contain a variety of natural elements and are separate from the context of campus life.
In the third paper, four strategies that post-secondary institutions can use to connect students with nature are presented: (1) raising awareness; (2) planning for the availability and accessibility of natural spaces; (3) bringing nature indoors, and; (4) using nature-based therapies. While many students may be “bleeding at the roots”, it is not too late to graft them back onto the earth.


title: A General Study of Reliability In Design

contributor:
Siddall, J. N.
Mechanical Engineering

subject: reliability, mechanical compoents, contact bearing, fatigue

abstract: A general study of theory of reliability has been made. The mechanism of failure of mechanical components, the properties of mechanical components, and the interaction of properties responsible for failure have been investigated. Elements of probability and statistics pertinent to reliability theory have been reviewed in brief. The various testing methods for determining component reliability using exponential, normal and Weibull distributions have been investigated. Acceptance sampling procedures for satisfying the necessary reliability requirements have been presented. Use of statistical methods in predicting fatigue life of mechanical components in general and rolling contact bearings in particular have been discussed.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Engineering (MEngr)


title: Karren On Quatsino Fm. Dip Slopes Recently Exposed By Deforestation Northern Vancouver Island

contributor:
Ford, Derek C.
Geography

subject: karren forms, limestone dip slopes, deforestation, Quatsino Formation, gravitomorphic runnel, Runnel, Hortonian, decantation, composite forms

abstract: This study reports on karren forms on limestone dip slopes, which were recently exposed by deforestation on the Quatsino Formation and observable relationships of the karren features of a specific sl~pe are represented as a detailed map. Also, many relationships of gravitomorphic runnel characteristics are analyzed for significance. Runnel types being considered are Hortonian, decantation and composite forms. Solution runnel width, depth and width/depth ratio are studied in association with length. These relationships determine whether the runnel types conform to a theoretical model. Typical aeas·ares of the karren in this area were also recorded. Composite forms are the most abundant because Hortonian and decantation runnels amalgamate beyond about 3m to form composites. All the runnel types, excluding the decanters, illustrate the perfect minimum friction open-channel cross-section.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: Neutron Star Cooling

contributor:
Sutherland, Peter G.
Physics

subject: neutron, star, thermal, radiation, temperature, magnetic

abstract: To determine the detectability of thermal radiation from the surface of a neutron star, the surface temperature as a function of time is needed. To find this, the surface temperature as a function of core temperature is found; this ratio depending on temperature, stellar mass, and magnetic field strength. The energy loss rates from photon emission and neutrino emission are calculated, along with the specific heat of the star; the latter two quantities depending on the core temperature. The surface temperature as a function of time is then calculated for various combinations of the variable parameters: stellar mass, equation of state, magnetic field, superfluidity, and pion cutoff density. Finally, a calculation of the detectability (distance vs. age) of a typical neutron star is made, using the estimated capabilities of the X-ray telescope on the Einstein Observatory.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: Nepheline Metagabbro And Associated Hybrid Rocks From Monmouth Township, Ontario

subject: petrographic, metagabbro, nepheline, gneiss, marble, Monmouth Township, Haliburton County, Ontario, Canada, hornblende nepheline garnet gneiss, Clinozoisite

abstract:
A petrographic study has been made of the contact relations between metagabbro and nepheline gneiss underlain by marble, in Monmouth township, Haliburton County, Ontario. A bad of hornblende nepheline-garnet gneiss about 80 feetwide trending north-south is underlain at a shear contact by marble. Round inclusion up to 18 inches across of red pyroxene with some spinel and rimmed by olivine occur in the marble a few feet below the contact. For a few inches above the contact the nepheline gneiss sometimes is biotite-bearing. To the east the nepheline gneiss grades into a band of hybrid nepheline
metagabbro (containing pink augite) about 50 feet wide. This in turn is followed by a zone of garnetiferous clinozoisite metagabbro about 220 feet wide. Clinozoisite persists in the metagabbro for 100 feet beyond this zone and is followed by hornblende-(pyroxene)-plagioclase metagabbro.
Pyroxene-garnet-(nepheline) skarn is interlayered with nepheline gneiss at one outcrop ear the fault contact with marble. It appears that gabbroic magma has intruded limestone and developed a skarn at the contact. Assimilation of lime by the magma has developed pink augite (titanaugite ?) , clinozoisite and grossularite in the gabbro. Subsequent injection of a highly fluid nepheline magma, or of solutions containing soda, alumina and iron and not saturated with silica, formed nepheline-bearing rock between marble and gabbro. Soda metasomatism
produced a hybrid nepheline gabbro adjacent to the nepheline-bearirg rock. Regional metamorphism later imparted a foliation to the marble and nepheline rock, and produced a metamorphic texture the gabbro. Faulting of a unknown age brought nepheline gneiss and marble into sharp contact and probably trapped the skarn as horses only one of which is now exposed.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Description of the ASPLE+ Compiler

contributor:
Solntseff, N.
Computation

subject: ASPLE+, compiler, syntax, language, operator

abstract: The emphasis of my essay are on the description of the language syntax, listing the functions of the major routines, with emphasis put on the use of the current operator - next operator (CO - NO) tables, and a discussion on the code generated by each statement.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: Effect of Growth Retardants On Phaseolus Vulgaris

contributor:
Zeevaart, Jan A. D.
Biology

subject: sensitivity, Phaseolus vulgaris var. Pinto, retardants, GA3, progeny, retarded plants, seeds

abstract: A quantitative study is made of the relative sensitivity of Phaseolus vulgaris var. Pinto to several different growth retardants, and to treatment of retarded plants with GA3. The growth of progeny from retarded plants is exam!ned and the cause of the transfer phenomenon is determined to be transfer of the growth retardants themselves to the progeny via the seeds, in some cases through to a third generation.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: Richard Baxter and the Savoy Conference of 1661

contributor:
Meyer, John
Religion

subject: political, Baxter, conference, savoy

abstract:
 The object of this study is to call into question the well established assumption that Baxter was entirely responsible for the failure of the Savoy Conference and that his combativeness and "overdoing" kept the non-conformists out of the Church.

 So vital an aspect in the history of the English Church and the history of non-conformity merits a thorough re-evaluation.

 In order to attempt a full discussion of the Conference and Baxter's role in it, it has been necessary to survey the historical background in which he developed. Thus the material in the thesis has been arranged in such a way as to reveal the relationship between the topics discussed and Baxter's personality, teaching and influence. In Chapter I we discover the general context in which his character was shaped and the marked influences in his early life and young manhood, It is shown how fully he embodied Puritan ideals which made him its [Puritanism] most notable representative. Chapter II presents Baxter's political thought. This is of enormous importance, because only as one understands how theology and politics were related in his mind, and how he viewed the function of the Pastor, the Magistrate or Governor and the paterfamilias, will one get a conscious appreciation of his role at the time of the Conference.

 Chapter III takes up the political and ecclesiastical conflicts which contributed to the degeneration of the Puritan forces into differing groups, and which led to the emergence of Presbyterianism as a dominant political and ecclesiastical power; the rise of Oliver Cromwell and the Independents and Baxter's
influence in practical politics during the period of the Commonwealth and Protectorate.

 Chapter IV deals with Charles II and the Presbyterians. Attention is given to the causes which once more gave control of the Church and Parliament to the Presbyterians, and the reasons for restoring the monarchy. At this time also one notices that with the restoration of the throne came the re-establishment of Anglican authority in both Church and State. Baxter's part in the negotiations for and restoration of the King is carefully discussed because it was at this time (1660) that many of the disputes between him and some of the leading bishops began--disputes which greatly affected the Conference.

 Chapters V and VI discuss in detail some vital issues which had not been discussed in previous studies and which throw greater light on the study of English Church history in this period. For example much attention is given to the Worcester Declaration of 16 October 1660, the King's Warrant of 1661 and to Clarendon's influence prior to and during the Conference. The view is taken that the bishops did not conform to the requirements in the Declaration and the Warrant and thus frustrated the plans which both the King and Clarendon had hoped would bring about a compromise for a Church settlement.

 For the first time special study is given to the bishops in
an attempt to identify the leaders among them and to isolate as far as possible the different factors which influenced them in their dealings with the non-conformists, For this reason it is maintained that the bishops were so controlled by political circumstances and the supposed rjghtness of their position that these prevented them from seeing their opponents point of view, or any reasons or necessity for comprehension.

 Chapter VI also discusses in detail the proceedings of the Conference. The various original documents are presented and
analyzed with the hope of providing as clear as possible the issues at stake and the manner in which these were dealt with.

 Finally in a concluding chapter VII an attempt is made to assess the reasons for the outcome of the Conference and to refute the charge that Baxter was responsible for its failure. The chapter ends with an evaluation of his contribution and his relevance for our time.

abstract: Thesis

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)