title: Characterization and seasonal ecology of ectomycorrhizae associated with Sitka alder and lodgepole pine from naturally regeneraing young and mature spruce forests in the sub-boreal spruce zone of British Columbia

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 198

subject:
Ectomycorrhizas -- British Columbia.
Sitka alder -- British Columbia.
Lodgepole pine -- British Columbia.
QK604.2.M92 V37 1998

abstract: Prior to this thesis project, our understanding of the influence of stand age and season on in vivo ectomycorrhizal communities of Sitka alder growing with Lodgepole pine within the Sub-Boreal Spruce biogeoclimatic zone was limited. The magnitude of ectomycorrhizal associates present on Sitka alder and Lodgepole pine was not known. In addition, it was of ecological interest to assess if the two host species, common to early-successional, post-harvest forest communities, were directly linked via common ectomycorrhizal fungi with reference to ecosystem interactions and possible nutrient translocation. Stemming from this general lack of knowledge, the purpose of this thesis project was to strengthen our ecological understanding of these two ectomycorrhizal communities. Two complementary methodologies were implemented in order to assess the ectomycorrhizal communities. Traditional morphological assessments offered one perspective of the mycorrhizal associates and permitted morphological description and mycobiont identification when possible, as well as richness, abundance, diversity, and evenness comparisons with respect to host, stand age, and season. It was found that mycorrhizal richness was greatest for Lodgepole pine. Seral and seasonal effects were shown to significantly impact certain Sitka alder and Lodgepole pine ectomycorrhizae. Seral and seasonal effects also significantly impacted alder ectomycorrhizal diversity and evenness assessments, however, no similar impact was observed for pine. Several possible genera of fungal symbionts were identified that may link Sitka alder and Lodgepole pine. The resolution of ectomycorrhizal taxa comprising the belowground communities were improved over morphological assessments through the use of molecular techniques, specifically PCR-RFLP analyses, the second technique applied. Molecular datasets further confirmed some morpholog_ical assessments and defined morphological descriptions allowing for identification of some mycobionts mostly to the genus level, but also to the species level, as well as determining inter- and intraspecific variation of the int!'lrnal transcribed spacer region of rONA within certain morphotypes. Two mycobiont genera (Cortinarius and Lactarius) were identified on both hosts which suggest the possibility of direct mycorrhizal linkage. In this study, molecular diversity assessments, when used in conjunction with defined morphological techniques (such as morphotyping), offered a complementary synopsis of the diversity and dynamics of ectomycorrhizal communities. Taxa were distinguished to a finer taxonomic level and could be identified using PCR-RFLP analysis while the abundance of ectomycorrhizal morphotypes was best described using morphological techniques. The research indicated that stand age and season can significantly influence alder and pine ectomycorrhizae.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1197325


title: The lived experience of sensing the presence of the deceased

type: Text thesis

contributor: University of Northern British Columbia (Degree granting institution)

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 92

subject:
Counseling.
Death -- Psychological aspects.
Grief -- Psychological aspects.
Bereavement -- Psychological aspects.
Spiritualism.
BF575.C7 M35 2000

abstract: A common experience among mourners is thinking they have seen, heard, or experienced the presence of the deceased. In counselling literature these experiences are characterized as hallucinations that occur as a symptom of grief. Mourners often believe they are in contact with another reality and as a result feel that mental health professionals misunderstand them, leading to a silencing of the phenomena. In order to be more helpful to these prospective clients, counsellors need a deeper understanding of the experiences from the perspectives of those having them. The purpose of this descriptive phenomenological thesis is to portray the lived experience of perceiving the presence of the deceased as described by seven participants having had the experience. The interview data were transcribed and analyzed for common themes through a process adapted from Colaizzi (1978). Although much was discovered, the most fundamental findings were that the experiences were best described as spiritual and had positive effects on the participants. Other findings included the inability of participants to find words that could describe their experiences, the limited willingness to share their experiences with others, the inability of the participants to control their experiences, and the discovery that participants were not always grieving when the experiences occurred. These findings raise important questions concerning counsellors' approaches to clients. Knowing how to encourage disclosure of the experience, or how cultural differences affect the experiences, or the extent of effects that these experiences have on peoples' lives could be particularly beneficial to counsellors.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1209181


title: Trust in management and its relation to job satisfaction and intentions to remain for northern British Columbia nurses.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 125

subject: Nurses -- Job satisfaction -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Rural nursing -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Nurses -- Supply and demand -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Employee retention -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: RT82 .S45 2004

abstract: Job satisfaction and, more importantly, retention, have been at the forefront of healthcare in British Columbia and trust in management is believed to be a significant factor in both retention and job satisfaction in many areas of literature. This study examined, through survey and structured interview, the job beliefs and attitudes of 123 registered nurses working in hospitals in northern British Columbia. The results of the study showed that while job satisfaction and intentions to remain are related to nurse's trust in management, the correlation is not as high as correlations found in other fields. This seems to indicate that further examination of trust in nursing may have to be done before the role that trust plays can truly be determined.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1269401


title: Gender and Aboriginal differences in elementary school students' CBM reading, writing, and DIBELS scores.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 97

subject: Language arts (Elementary) -- Evaluation.

subject: Curriculum-based assessment.

subject: Educational tests and measurements.

subject: Sex differences in education.

subject: Indians of North America -- Education -- British Columbia, Northern -- Evaluation.

subject: Reading (Elementary) -- Ability testing -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: English language -- Writing -- Ability testing -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: LB1576 .W55 2004

abstract: No abstract available.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1280664


title: Entropy debt: A link to sustainability?

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 206

subject: Ecosystem management -- British Columbia.

subject: Biodiversity conservation -- British Columbia.

subject: QH77.C3 V66 2009

abstract: Despite popular awareness of our human impact on the natural environment, anthropogenic environmental degradation continues today. Yet, a science of sustainability is emerging that seeks to better understand the relationships between humans and the natural environment. Some of this research views municipalities, cities, and nations through the conceptual lens of open systems thermodynamics, and specifically, the theory of dissipative structures. The theory of dissipative structures holds that the 'structure' of open systems, i.e. complexity, requires a constant throughput of energy, which 'dissipates' energy gradients in the environment external to the system. This is the 'entropy debt' of system complexity, which is necessitated by the Second Law of Thermodynamics. The theory of dissipative structures provided this research with a conceptual opportunity to highlight and, using surrogate measure, analyse the relationship between municipal 'structure', the energy drawn from the natural environment required to maintain the structure, and the resulting cost to the natural environment of doing so. Examples of surrogate measures included, population characteristics (i.e. structure), fossil fuel consumption (i.e. energy throughput), and air contaminants (i.e. entropy debt). Five similarly constrained British Columbia municipalities with similar population sizes were investigated to determine a) how the theory of dissipative structures could effectively be operationalized, and b) if doing so could elucidate systemic drivers of anthropogenic environmental degradation. An analysis of the surrogate data revealed that some structural characteristics, such as population density and infrastructure type, appeared to correspond with higher or lower surrogate measure of entropy debt. The findings encourage researchers to further develop the analogical model of this research into an applied model capable of measuring progress toward or away from sustainability.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1635873


title: An adaptive load sensing priority assignment protocol for distributed real-time database systems.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 87

subject:
Transaction systems (Computer systems)
Real-time data processing.
Computer network protocols.
Distributed databases.
QA76.545 .M34 2012

abstract: Transaction processing in a distributed real time database system (DRTDBS) is coordinated by a concurrency control protocol (CCP). The performance of a CCP is affected by the load condition of a transaction processing system. For example, the performance of the Adaptive Speculative Locking (ASL) protocol degrades in high load conditions of the system. Priority protocols help a CCP by prioritizing transactions. The performance of the priority protocols is also affected by system load conditions, but they can be optimized by dynamically switching between priority protocols at run time when the system load changes. The objective of this research is to develop a protocol, Adaptive Priority Assignment protocol (APAP), which changes the priority protocol at run time to improve the performance of a CCP in a DRTDBS. APAP is implemented in a DRTDBS, where ASL is used as the underlying CCP to validate APAP. The performance of APAP was tested under varying system load conditions with various combinations of the database system parameters. Under the scenarios tested, APAP performed better than other priority protocols and demonstrated that dynamic selection of priority protocols during run time is an effective way to improve the performance of a CCP in a DRTDBS. --Leaf ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1835755


title: Settler mythology and the construction of the historical memory of the Indian Wars of the Pacific Northwest.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 146

subject: Pacific Coast Indians, Wars with, 1847-1865.

subject: Colonists -- Northwest, Pacific -- Attitudes.

subject: Indians of North America -- Wars -- 1815-1875.

subject: Indians of North America -- Northwest, Pacific -- History -- 19th century.

subject: United States -- Politics and government -- 1845-1861.

subject: E83.84 .S45 2007

abstract: The 1850s in the Pacific Northwest were marked by conflict between the territorial officials of Oregon and Washington and an apparent majority of the settlers of those two territories, on the one hand, and a small number of federal officials and a very few settlers, on the other. Thus, the historical memory of the Indian Wars of the Pacific Northwest was complicated by controversy almost immediately upon the commencement of hostilities. The struggle to construct and maintain the historical memory of the conflicts of 1855-56 in a way that would support the quest for Congressional funding continued throughout most of the nineteenth century. This struggle resulted in two vastly different accounts of the war, one account very supportive of the war, the other highly critical. The critical, minority, account was excluded from the developing historical memory of the conflict in the Pacific Northwest. This exclusion led to a fundamental lack of honesty in the mainstream historical memory, which shifted the responsibility for the Indian wars away from the settlers.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1391461


title: 'He said he loved me. I wanted to be loved': Young women's experiences of coping with violence in intimate relationships.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 179

subject:
Abused women.
Abused wives.
Adjustment (Psychology)
HV6626 .U77 2009

abstract: This study examined lived experiences of coping with physically violent common-law or marital relationships for women 19 to 24 years old. Information was collected from five women through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using Moustakas' transcendental phenomenological approach. Findings revealed that young women reduced stress, engaged in a variety of cognitive strategies, used communication with partners, managed violence, escaped, disclosed or hid evidence of abuse and violence from other people, were supported and hindered from family and friends, and relied on strangers and acquaintances. Findings indicate young women's coping was not about healthy or unhealthy strategies. Whether she remained in the relationship, tried to change dynamics, or left her partner, coping was an attempt to retain personal power and control. Findings highlight the importance of studying both how young women cope and their motivations for coping with abuse and violence. Implications for counsellor education, professional practice, and future research are discussed. --P.ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1647105


title: Mapping the ground:  A critical and creative exploration of the diary of Ada Sykes, 1912--1915.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 193

subject: Biography as a literary form.

subject: Women authors, Canadian -- Biography -- History and criticism.

subject: Sykes, Ada Adelia -- Diaries.

subject: Women pioneers -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: CT21 .D46 2003

abstract: This thesis provides a critical and creative exploration of the diary of a woman who pioneered in the upper Fraser River valley of northern British Columbia from 1912 to 1925. Ada Adelia Sykes left a diary in which she kept a record of daily activities throughout a three-year period. My work examines her diary in the context of women's life-writing. First, I discuss various theories of life-writing, arguing that women's life-writing makes important contributions to the understanding of past, present, and self. Next, I analyze the diary in its historical context. Finally, I present original poems, based on the diary entries, as well as on the life of my grandmother, Alice Jane Beaven, a contemporary of Ada Sykes. This thesis demonstrates a trend in which researchers imbricate their own stories in those of their subjects: in telling the stories of Ada Adelia Sykes and Alice Jane Beaven, I tell part of my own story.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1247987


title: A survey of results on Giuga's conjecture and related conjectures.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 105

subject:
Numbers, Prime.
Number theory.
QA246 .H63 2005

abstract: No abstract available.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1301990


title: Associations of secondary bark beetles with dying and live lodgepole pine in the post-outbreak phase of mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae (Hopkins), in the central interior of British Columbia, Canada.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 155

subject: Mountain pine beetle -- Behavior -- British Columbia, Central.

subject: Lodgepole pine -- Diseases and pests -- British Columbia, Central.

subject: Lodgepole pine -- Mortality -- British Columbia, Central.

subject: SB945.M78 T44 2012

abstract: Dendroctonus ponderosae (Hopkins) or mountain pine beetle is a native bark beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) that feeds on more than 20 species of pine in western North America. In British Columbia, its principal host is lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelmann). As a primary bark beetle, D. ponderosae kills its host at epidemic stages, exerting profound landscape-level mortality. As of 2012, D. ponderosae has caused the loss of 726 million cubic meters of timber, covering an area of 17.5 million hectares of mature pine forest in British Columbia and Alberta. Small diameter hosts are not suitable for D. ponderosae, however, creating a niche for the secondary bark beetles, including Ips pini (Say), Pseudips mexicanus (Hopkins), and Orthotomicus latidens (LeConte). At the post-epidemic stage of D. ponderosae, we found the rate of new mortality was approximately 4%, which 1% of the mortality was associated with a complex of secondary bark beetles, and not D. ponderosae, as the principal mortality agent in those stands. This finding suggests that at high population densities, secondary bark beetles are potential mortality agents of residual pines, sustaining the apparent outbreak of D. ponderosae by killing smaller diameter trees, with the highest rate of mortality among younger stands. --P. ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1803189


title: Host colonization patterns, cues mediating host selection and calibration of field surveys with estimates of population abundance of  leptoglossus occidentalis in a seed orchard.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 127

subject: Western conifer-seed bug -- British Columbia.

subject: Seed orchards -- Diseases and pests -- British Columbia.

subject: Lodgepole pine -- Diseases and pests -- British Columbia.

subject: Douglas fir -- Diseases and pests -- British Columbia.

subject: QL523.C67 R53 2013

abstract: The western conifer seed bug, Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae) is an important pest in southern interior British Columbia seed orchards. In spite of its pest status, host colonization patterns and cues mediating host selection have not been well studied. Additionally standardized population census methods, which are essential for the development of economic damage thresholds, have not yet been established. I examined spring immigration patterns of L. occidentalis into a lodgepole pine seed orchard in 2008 and 2009. In 2008, significant spatial gradients of L. occidentalis-infested trees were found in four of seven surveys, however, they were not directionally consistent. In 2009 a significant spatial gradient was found in a single survey. Spatial gradients may have been detected more easily in 2008 than 2009, as counts of L. occidentalis were much larger. I also assessed whether L. occidentalis exhibits clonal preference, if preferences remained consistent between 2008 and 2009, and examined whether cues responsible for such preferences could be identified. I found that clone preference remained consistent between 2008 and 2009 and that predefined clone preference classes had significantly different levels of the monoterpenes [α]-pinene, [δ]-3 carene, and p-cymene. Additionally, L. occidentalis was found more frequently on clones with cones of greater diameter and weight. Finally, in 2009 I conducted mark-release-recapture studies with corresponding walk-through surveys for L. occidentalis both in lodgepole pine and Douglas-fir seed orchards. I was unable to establish mathematical relationships between population estimates and walk-through surveys in either location. Data from these surveys indicated that the walk-through survey were unreliable, at least at low populations. Studies exploiting cues attractive to L. occidentalis for trap design and additional studies to establish standardized survey methods are recommended as L. occidentalis continues to cause dam

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1890863


title: The impact of government expenditure on gross domestic private investment in Nigeria (1975-2012).

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 98

subject: Nigeria -- Appropriations and expenditures.

subject: Gross domestic product -- Nigeria.

subject: HC1055.Z9 I567 2014

abstract: The study investigated the long-run relationship between government expenditure and gross domestic private investment in Nigeria during the period 1975 to 2012. Therefore, the impacts of five components of government expenditure on gross domestic private investment were examined using Johansen co-integration and error-correction technique. The empirical results showed that in the long-run government expenditure on administration and agriculture have positive effects on gross domestic private investment, while government expenditure on human capital development, infrastructure, and public debt servicing have negative effects on gross domestic private investment. This study policy recommendation suggested government to increase its expenditure on key areas such as, education, health, agriculture, and infrastructure, in order to encourage and stimulate investment in the private sector. This is because domestic private investment promotes economic growth and development. --Leaf ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1949702


title: Determining tax rates:  Are property tax rates determined on the basis of political factors, by politicians?

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 172

subject: Property tax -- British Columbia -- Mackenzie.

subject: Property tax -- British Columbia -- Quesnel.

subject: Property tax -- British Columbia -- Smithers.

subject: Taxation -- Rates and tables.

subject: Municipal government.

subject: HJ4122.B8 K46 2003

abstract: No abstract available.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1237278


title: The experience of hope for domestic violence support workers.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 174

subject:
Family counselors -- Mental health.
Family counselors -- Job stress.
Hope -- Health aspects.
BF636.64 .C75 2009

abstract: This study explored the lived experience of hope for domestic violence support workers. A hermeneutic-phenomenological approach was used to collect and analyze the experiences of six professional women, ages 37 through 69. Four themes, each with sub-themes, emerged from the findings. One theme, Hope is Visceral, reveals the phenomenology of hope as experienced through bodily sensations, reactions, and emotions. A second theme, Hope is Contextual, describes how experiences of hope are enhanced by personal perspectives and social environments. A third theme, Hope is Mutual, reveals how interactions with other people inspire a sense of hope. A fourth theme, Hope is a Journey, illustrates how hope evolved over the years to reveal new understandings of what it means to live hopefully. The findings are discussed in relation to the current literature. Implications for counselling, counsellor education, service provider organizations, and suggestions for future research are presented.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1635892


title: Assessment of optimum snowmelt model complexity, Cariboo Highlands, British Columbia, Canada.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 185

subject: Runoff -- British Columbia -- Cariboo Highlands.

subject: Snow -- British Columbia -- Cariboo Highlands.

subject: Hydrologic models -- British Columbia -- Cariboo Highlands.

subject: GB992.C3 P79 2010

abstract: The goal of this study is to assess the performance of melt models of varying complexity to simulate snowmelt under different aspect, forest cover, and input data conditions in the British Columbia interior. Observed snow water equivalent data from the 2008 melt season were used to compare the performance of a basic temperature-index (TI) model, three modified TI models, and a simple energy balance model (EBM). The largest (smallest) values of NSE (RMSE) for the snow course sites were 0.81 (0.0243 m) for the TI models and 0.58 (0.0362 m) for the EBM. At the automatic snow pillow (ASP) the largest (smallest) values of NSE (RMSE) were 0.54 (0.0055 m) for the TI models and 0.65 (0.0048 m) for the EBM. At the snow course sites all TI models performed better than or equivalent to the EBM. At the ASP one EBM version performed better than the TI models. --P.ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1736487


title: Use, selection and winter foraging patterns among woodland caribou herds in central British Columbia.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 128

subject: Woodland caribou -- Food -- British Columbia.

subject: Woodland caribou -- Habitat -- British Columbia.

subject: Wildlife management -- British Columbia.

subject: QL737.U55 J66 2007

abstract: No abstract available.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1325905


title: The effect of substrate rearing on the growth, development, and survival of larval white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) during early ontogeny.

subject:
White sturgeon -- Habitat.
White sturgeon -- Growth.
QL638.A25 B68 2012

abstract: White sturgeon, Acipenser transmontanus, were reared in the presence (gravel) or absence (bare) of substrate at either 13.5 or 17.5°C during the yolk sac phase. Fish reared in gravel were transferred to bare tanks at emergence from substrate and reared to 46 days post hatch (dph). At any given dph or Accumulated Thermal Unit (ATU), the fish reared in gravel were significantly larger and survival was higher than those reared without substrate at both temperatures (T). Cumulative survival was lower at high T and was 20% greater in gravel-reared larvae in both T. Yolk absorption rate did not vary between bare and gravel, but was significantly greater at high T. Yolk absorption efficiency was greatest in gravel-reared fish, but did not vary with T. Liver histology indicated that fish reared in gravel had significantly greater quantity of lipid during the yolk sac phase. In a second experiment, yolk sac larvae were reared in the presence (gravel or bio-spheres) or absence (bare) of substrate at 13.5°C and respirometry used to measure both routine and maximum metabolic rate for assessing metabolic scope. Larvae reared in gravel had significantly greater metabolic scope, and whole body glycogen was significantly greater in larvae reared in both substrates at 8 dph indicating that substrate rearing may provide a greater capacity of growth and development at a time of intense organogenesis. Histological analysis of the liver showed greater lipid and glycogen in larvae reared in substrate. These findings suggest that larvae reared without substrate may divert more of their energy to non-growth related processes, such as swimming activity, which was observed but not quantified. Thus, larvae reared without substrate may be at a significant physiological disadvantage, leaving less energy for growth and development. --P. i.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1805534


title: (Re)imaging the breast: a feminist analysis of a cultural obsession

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 129

subject:
Body image in women.
Kalman filtering.
Geophysical prediction -- Research.
BF697.5.B63 D66 2001

abstract: No abstract avaialble.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1219506


title: Social media as business ecosystem: modeling users' adoption of social networking sites

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 64

subject:
Social media -- Evaluation.
Morrison, Toni. Jazz.
Morrison, Toni. Beloved.
Morrison,Toni -- Characters -- Women.
HM742 .F38 2015

abstract: Social Networking Sites (SNSs) have become of fundamental importance in shaping the dynamics of the way people communicate. A primary objective of social media practitioners is to formulate strategies that can lead to higher number of adoption rates among users. The aim of this research is to study adoption of SNSs and to shed light on the factors that influence user preferences. To that end, first, by borrowing theories from business ecosystem, platform business, the technology acceptance model (TAM), and hedonic and utilitarian benefits an initial set of potential measures is reached. Next, the measures are used to create a quantitative survey which is completed by a sample of 100 university students. An exploratory factor analysis performed on the collected data yields four dimensions: 1) platform, measured by control over privacy and ease of use 2) user benefits 3) network, measured by number of friends and members and 4) contributor benefits. Consequently, the results of a conjoint analysis based on uncovered components highlight the considerable importance of control over privacy and ease of use from a user perspective. Moreover, findings show that for users, an optimal SNS where other users share mostly entertaining content, contributors share mostly useful content, applications are mostly fun, control over privacy of posts exists, a good number of friends are registered and accessible, and is easy to use. Results also show that content shared by external contributors is almost as important as content shared by users in shaping preferences. These findings are expected to be of value to both scholars and social media and communications practitioners. --Leaf ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b2073959


title: Off track to 2050?: a study of present and future interurban transportation emissions in British Columbia, Canada, relative to its Greenhouse Gas Reduction Targets Act of 2007

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 301

subject: Carbon dioxide mitigation -- British Columbia.

subject: Down syndrome -- Patients -- Family relationships.

subject: Parent and adult child.

subject: Parenting.

subject: TD885.5.C3 S33 2016

abstract: Carbon dioxide (CO\u2082) emissions from transportation contribute to anthropogenic climate change and are expected to increase significantly in the future. CO\u2082 emission inventories exist for various transportation modes at the global scale, but are rare at the subnational scale and even rarer for interurban (versus urban) transportation. In this dissertation, I present a detailed analysis of CO\u2082 emissions and emission factors for interurban transportation for the province of British Columbia (BC), Canada, and an analysis of a wide variety of emission scenarios for BC\u2019s interurban transportation system, comparing modelled emissions to the 2020 and 2050 greenhouse gas reduction targets set by the province\u2019s 2007 Greenhouse Gas Reduction Targets Act. Nine modes of transportation were included: passenger (private vehicles, ferries, aviation, intercity buses, trains) and freight (trucking, marine, rail, aviation). Annual CO\u2082 emissions from BC interurban transportation were approximately 11.2 Mt CO\u2082 in 2013, of which freight trucking was the greatest contributor with 48.5% of total CO\u2082 emissions. The second largest contributor was private vehicles (17.1% of total CO\u2082 emissions), while the third largest contributor was marine freight (16.8% of total CO\u2082 emissions). Of 106 scenarios modelling future changes to the interurban transportation system, only 15 were able to meet BC\u2019s 2050 emission reduction target, and only two were able to meet both the 2020 and 2050 targets (assuming interurban transportation had to meet the same emission reductions as prescribed for the economy as a whole). Only scenarios with the highest reduction rates were able to meet the reduction targets, and with every passing year, meeting them becomes more challenging.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b2141351


title: Sounds of the city: The effects of urbanization and noise on mountain and black-capped chickadee communication.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 145

subject: Mountain chickadee -- Vocalization -- British Columbia.

subject: Black-capped chickadee -- Vocalization -- British Columbia.

subject: Mountain chickadee -- Effect of noise on -- British Columbia.

subject: Black-capped chickadee -- Effect of noise on -- British Columbia.

subject: Mountain chickadee -- Effect of habitat modification on -- British Columbia.

subject: Black-capped chickadee -- Effect of habitat modification on -- British Columbia.

subject: City noise.

subject: QL696.P2615 L39 2015

abstract: Urbanization leads to structural changes to habitats and introduction of anthropogenic noise, both of which can interfere with avian communication. While studies suggest that birds can adjust their vocal behaviour in response to urban noise, the relative effects of urban habitat structure vs. noise on avian communication are not well understood. Further, understanding which species can adjust to noise and the mechanisms they use to achieve this can help conservation efforts predict which species will be most negatively affected by increasing urbanization. Species that possess certain vocal attributes (e.g., repertoires or the ability to learn new songs types) may be more or less able to adjust to urban noise. Here, I investigate how two closely related species (mountain chickadees Poecile gambeli and black-capped chickadees Poecile atricapillus) adjust their vocalizations in response to noise. I look at relative effects of habitat structure and noise on signal transmission and transfer, how each species adjusts vocalizations in response to urbanization and noise (both naturally occurring and experimental), and whether these adjustments actually improve audibility in noise. I found that urban noise affects signal transmission and transfer more than habitat urbanization (Chapter 2), and both species adjust their vocalizations to noise by using mechanisms related to their natural vocalizing behaviour. Mountain chickadees change the proportion of time they spend singing vs. calling and spectrally adjust their songs to emphasize higher frequencies (Chapter 3). In contrast, black-capped chickadees use their natural pitch-shifting abilities to selectively sing higher-frequency songs in noisy conditions (Chapter 4). I also found evidence that these adjustments may improve audibility in noise. Among mountain chickadees, focal males from quiet areas responded more aggressively to playbacks of urban than rural songs when embedded in experimental noise (Chapter 5). Among black-capped chickadees, focal males responded more

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b2006820


title: Differences in facial expressions, cardiovascular activity, and self-reported levels of emotion between anxious and non-anxious people.

subject:
Anxiety -- Testing.
Stress (Psychology).
Cardiovascular system -- Diseases.
Facial expression.
RC531 .N67 2004

abstract: Stress and anxiety can play a role in the development of cardiovascular disease. Differences in peoples' behavioral, cardiovascular, and self-reported emotional reactions to an interpersonally challenging task were measured. Two groups, highly anxious people (n = 17) and less anxious people (n = 15) were defined by scores on the trait form of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. They then underwent two interview conditions. One condition was a non-challenging control interview (CI) and the other condition was the socially challenging favorable impressions interview (FI) (Borkovec et al., 1974). Analyses attempted to describe difference between highly anxious and less anxious participants' facial expressions, cardiovascular activity and self-reported experience of emotion. Self-reported emotional responses differed between high and low anxiety groups. There were also cardiovascular differences between high and low anxiety participants in their reactions to stressful tasks. Findings show that highlyanxious people tended to increase the intensity of their facial expressions during the stressful condition, whereas low anxious people did not change the intensity of their facial expressions between the interviews. These findings suggest that differences between high and low anxious people may provide useful information for identifying these individuals, which may be helpful in preventing later health problems.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1282602


title: A comparison of greenness estimates from the tassled cap transformation and normalized difference vegetation index as a component in habitat selection models for grizzly bears.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 73

subject: Grizzly bear -- Habitat -- British Columbia.

subject: Grizzly bear -- Conservation -- British Columbia.

subject: Grizzly bear -- Behavior -- British Columbia.

subject: QL737.C27 P33 2007

abstract: Improving habitat-selection models for grizzly bears is important to the conservation and management of the species. Remote-sensing data can be used to derive vegetation indices from Landsat TM, a surrogate for habitat quality. This study compared and evaluated Tasseled Cap Analysis (TCA) 'Greenness' and NDVI based on grizzly bear habitat selection, derived from radio-telemetry, in central British Columbia. Four groups of habitat models were developed for the mountain and plateau portions of the study area. AIC was used to rank the models and a k-fold cross validation to evaluate these competing models. One model using TCS greenness and a 21x21-pixel buffer with data from mountainous regions had the best predictive ability. Bears in the mountains are more dependant on vegetation as a food source, which is reflected in their selection for areas of higher greenness compared to plateau bears which have more access to ungulates and have larger home range sizes.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1362351


title: From colonization to globalization: the Gitxsan Nation's struggle for jurisdiction within their traditional territories

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 166

subject: Gitksan Indians -- Ethnic identity.

subject: Gitksan Indians -- Cultural assimilation.

subject: Gitksan Indians -- Land tenure.

subject: Gitksan Indians -- Claims.

subject: E99.K55 H65 2002

abstract: Two conflicting ideologies have been practiced within the Gitxsan territory since contact between the Gitxsan and Europeans. One, the dominant Western ideology, forms the basis for attempted colonization of Indigenous lands. The dominant Western ideology, now as in the past, utilizes economic gain as its benchmark for success and is motivated by profit ~acquired from exploiting resources in various geographic areas. In each phase of colonization the proponents of the dominant Western ideology have instituted a new title for their agenda in order to make what they are doing seem legitimate. However, settlement, development and globalization are all guided by the ethic of exploitation for profit maintained through the colonization process. The Gitxsan world view, the second and opposing ideological position described in this thesis, shapes Gitxsan resistance to outside pressure. The Gitxsan view their territory as their sacred place and respect for the land and all its creatures constitutes their primary law. The Gitxsan are tied to one geographic area which has supported them for thousands of years and believe they must protect and sustain their place on earth for past, present and future generations. From settlement to globalization Gitxsan resistance has adapted, and risen to the levels needed to sustain their struggle for jurisdiction within their traditional territories. Gitxsan resistance has been heightened in recent years due to the increasingly destructive scale of technology which threatens the territories and culture of the Gitxsan people.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1225995


title: Berries, bison, and branches: Returning to traditional Aboriginal sustenance.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 109

subject: Indians of North America -- Food.

subject: Native peoples -- Food.

subject: Indians of North America -- Ethnic identity.

subject: Native peoples -- Ethnic identity.

subject: Food habits.

subject: E98.F7 H69 2012

abstract: Colonial work was in part a disruption to the connection of land and resources, and if you disrupt land, communities and resources, you disrupt culture, identity and sustenance practices. In this thesis, I examine what colonization is, as well as the historical colonial powers that have been at work in First Nations communities with a particular focus on identity and the consequences of territorial displacements and how that has impeded traditional Aboriginal diets. I also include a location of self and what led me on this journey. Additionally, I examine what health and well-being looks like for the Indigenous population concerning traditional foods, food security with access playing a pivotal role. The third component addresses the contemporary well-being of Aboriginal Peoples and the potential to rejuvenate culture and identity through a new uptake of relations with traditional and wholesome foods. --P. ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1805624


title: Understanding roadblocks to adapting new technologies

contributor: University of Northern British Columbia Education-Multidisciplinary Leadership (Degree granting institution)

format:
electronic
1 online resource (vii, 114 pages)

subject: Technology--Study and teaching.

subject: University of Northern British Columbia.

subject: Technology--Psychological aspects.

abstract: In today’s fast-paced world of technology, new innovations are created constantly. Due to the prevalence of these new technologies being regularly introduced into workplaces, making the implementation easier for end-users will help ease the implementation process itself. This research focused on the relationship between University of Northern British Columbia (UNBC) employees and the implementation of the Banner 9 upgrade to UNBC’s ERP, specifically by answering the following questions: how do UNBC Banner users feel about the implementation, what themes were prevalent in the implementation, and what suggestions and recommendations can be made to mitigate resistance and lessen the difficulty of future implementations? Surveys and interviews were used to collect data. Via participant responses, the following suggestions were derived from the themes discovered: hold regular and themed training workshops, increase transparency regarding the implementation, provide IT department demonstrations, and have documentation more accessible to users.


title: Disturbance history and its influence on drought tolerance of interior Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Beisn.) Franco) in the Cariboo-Chilcotin region of British Columbia, Canada

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 280

abstract: Disturbance—the death of trees due to external forces such as wildfire or windstorms—drives forest stand dynamics and shapes ecosystems. Natural disturbances arising from the interaction of climate, topography, and established tree species have often occurred with some regularity, resulting in apparently perpetual renewal of particular forest structures. Minor changes in climate can have profound impacts on these disturbance regimes, breaking historically observed cycles and introducing novel stand conditions. Long-term historical baselines are critical to understanding such changes. Observational records are often inadequate, especially in western North America, where 400 year-old stands are common but reliable data are generally unavailable prior to the 20th century. I use tree ring analysis to investigate the history of Douglas-fir beetle and western spruce budworm infestations, and the influence of partial disturbances on the drought tolerance of surviving trees, developing baseline understanding of disturbance interactions in interior British Columbia. No evidence is found of any outbreaks of western spruce budworm or Douglas-fir beetle that exceed the magnitude of outbreaks in the early 21st century, suggesting that recent outbreaks represent historically high levels of insect activity. Both natural and anthropogenic partial disturbances are demonstrated to positively affect the drought tolerance of surviving trees in old-growth remnants and younger managed stands, respectively. Access by roots to areas with uninterrupted precipitation throughfall appears to be the driving force behind observed drought resistance, and will likely become more important under climate scenarios where droughts are prolonged and intensified by warmer temperatures. A major growth release ca. 1800 brought previously suppressed trees from a number of age classes into preeminence within their respective stands across the study area, forming the basis of the structure we now consider to be representative of old forests in the region. I propose that mountain pine beetle is the leading cause of this regionally synchronous growth release, based on the number of sites affected and the survival of sapling-sized Douglas-fir. Silvicultural prescriptions designed to provide open growing space to residual trees may help reverse overstocking resulting from wildfire exclusion and enhance resilience of stands within the timber harvesting area to increased temperatures.


title: The flocculation feedback loop: Delivery of marine derived nutrients in Pacific salmon streams.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 132

subject: Stream ecology.

subject: Pacific salmon -- Effect of habitat modification on.

subject: Pacific salmon -- Carcasses.

subject: Pacific salmon -- Habitat.

subject: QH541.5.S7 R49 2009

abstract: Pacific salmon contribute significant quantities of marine derived nutrients (MDN) to their natal streams. Post-spawning carcasses fertilize and stimulate stream productivity as they decay. Until now, there has been no complete description of a nutrient delivery mechanism for natal streams. The salmon-floc feedback loop proposed here is a positive feedback system that delivers salmon derived nutrients and organic matter to the streambed where they can be retained and metabolized by benthic food webs to stimulate stream productivity and provide sustenance for juvenile salmon. The three stages of the salmon-floc feedback loop were verified using the controlled environment of flumes and field verified concentrations of salmon organic matter and inorganic particulates. Stage one, floc formation was found to occur in the water column in the presence of salmon organic matter as well as salmon organic matter and clay. During the salmon organic matter treatments the particle size distribution of suspended sediment shifted toward larger particles indicating the formation of flocs. Stage two, floc sedimentation was identified by an increase in the effective particle size distribution of fine sediments in the gravel bed after the addition of salmon organic matter and clay. Water column flocs settled or were sequestered on the flume bed by advective and intergravel flow through porous, raised, gravel bed sections. Stage three, floc dissociation and nutrient release was identified by the increase in nutrient, bacterial, and biochemical oxygen demand levels of fine sediments that were captured and retained within intergravel pores. Floc formation and streambed delivery/retention required sufficient quantities of organic matter from decaying salmon, sufficient but not excessive inorganic sediment levels, bacterial populations, low-flow stream conditions, porous raised gravel bed areas, and hyporheic exchange to be an effective MDN vector. The verification of the salmon-floc feedback loop is an important step toward furt

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1625038


title: "The war on crime": The securitization of narco-trafficking in Mexico during the Calderon administration.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 147

subject:
Drug traffic -- Mexico.
Drug control -- Mexico.
Narco-terrorism -- Mexico.
National security -- Mexico.
HV5840.M4 B53 2013

abstract: This thesis applies the securitization framework developed by Barry Buzan, Ole Waever and Jaap de Wilde (1998) to study the case of Mexico during the government of Felipe Calderón. I use discourse and content analysis to answer the following questions: How and why has narco-trafficking been securitized during the Calderón government? What are the consequences of this securitization? I argue that Calderón successfully securitized narco-trafficking by using a rhetoric that emphasized the moral otherness' of criminals, resulting in two important consequences: the neglect of social approaches to combat narco-trafficking and the use of this discourse to limit government accountability regarding the high number of casualties in the country. I conclude by arguing that exploring the link between narco-trafficking and securitization theory can bring about new insights to guide theoretical research and policy making. --Leaf ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1863147


title: Sediment-associated contaminant transport and storage dynamics in the Quesnel River from the Mount Polley Mine disaster

contributor: University of Northern British Columbia College of Science and Management (Degree granting institution)

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 119

abstract: In August 2014, the tailings storage facility of the Mount Polley copper-gold mine was breached releasing ~25 million m3 of tailings water and solids into Polley Lake and Hazeltine Creek, which scoured local overburden (1.2 million m3), and deposited these materials in Quesnel Lake. This study examined temporal and spatial movements of sediment-associated elements in Quesnel River, downstream of the lake, between August 2014 and August 2015. Suspended river sediment was collected using active and passive samplers (a continuous-flow centrifuge and time-integrated samplers), while discrete bed sediment was collected using a re-suspension technique. Results indicated elevated trace element levels, especially copper, with significant differences between element concentrations at the upstream site, closer to the breach, compared to downstream sites. Contamination indices and comparison to sediment quality guidelines indicated contamination was present in the river and varied seasonally predominantly driven by Quesnel Lake’s autumnal cooling and overturns.

abstract: Mount Polley Mine

abstract: tailings

abstract: Quesnel River


title: Marxist-Leninist ideology, Soviet foreign policy and the structure of the international system of states.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 153

subject: Russia (Federation) -- Foreign relations.

subject: Soviet Union -- Foreign relations.

subject: International relations.

subject: DK510.764 .G75 2004

abstract: This work examines the relationship between Marxist-Leninist ideology and Soviet foreign policy in the context of the contemporary structure of the international system of states. To what degree does the ideology of a state shape the course of foreign policy pursued by that state? How does the structure of the international system influence a state\u2019s international behaviour? What happens if the ideological "foreign policy blueprint" comes into conflict with the requirements dictated by the structure of the international system? This work will attempt to provide answers to these questions and to outline how structural constraints imposed on Soviet international behaviour during the 20* century diminished the role of Marxist-Leninist ideology as a determinant of Soviet foreign policy. It will demonstrate that, far 6om being "unorthodox" and "unique", Soviet foreign policy was governed by some of the same factors as were policies of other states in the contemporary international system.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1285295


title: Spatiotemporal associations between forests impacted by mountain pine beetle and adjacent replantings impacted by Warren root collar weevil.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 82

subject: Mountain pine beetle -- British Columbia.

subject: Pine root collar weevil -- British Columbia.

subject: Reforestation -- Research -- British Columbia.

subject: Lodgepole pine -- Diseases and pests -- British Columbia.

subject: SB608.L6 K55 2008

abstract: A concern to reforestation efforts following the recent outbreak of mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, is the migration of the below-ground herbivore Warren root collar weevil, Hylobius warreni Wood, from stands with a high percentage (>80%) of mature, dead lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta var latifolia Dougl. ex. Loud., into adjacent young, replanted stands, resulting in significant levels of mortality to juvenile trees. The effects of the spatial patterns of salvage harvesting following outbreaks of mountain pine beetle on the development of Warren root collar weevil pressure in neighbouring, regenerating stands was examined in young lodgepole pine stands in the central interior of British Columbia, Canada. Gradients of tree mortality caused by feeding of Warren root collar weevils were observed and found to be dependent on characteristics of the adjacent, unsalvaged stands. Mortality was exacerbated by high components of dead pine in these stands, and became worse over time. To investigate whether reduced host availability is a potential causal factor explaining such patterns, I constructed three research plots consisting of combinations of live tree, dead tree and mixed (i.e., live and dead) tree habitats and observed dispersal patterns of labeled insects. Weevils were more likely to be captured close to the release location in the mixed and live habitats vs. the dead habitat. Movement rate was high in the dead habitat compared with the live and mixed habitats. In the plot with the dead habitat adjacent to the location of release, the probability of capture was lower, but movement rate and dispersal distance were greater, indicating that Warren root collar weevils will disperse out of a habitat with dead trees into a habitat with live trees. Implications to reforestation strategies following savage harvesting are discussed.--P.ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1513742


title: Determination of the origin of birefringence in wood at terahertz frequencies.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 113

subject:
Wood -- Testing -- Research.
Refraction, Double.
Wood -- Effect of radiation on.
TA420 .T63 2009

abstract: In the wood products industry, terahertz (THz) radiation is an emerging technology that is showing promise for new types of monitoring. These applications are dependent on the ability of THz radiation to probe the gross fibre structure of wood. The sensitivity to this gross fibre structure results from strong birefringence at THz frequencies. Prior to this thesis work, the nature of the birefringence exhibited in wood was an open question. Based on the physical structure of wood, the large birefringence observed can be due to intrinsic birefringence, resulting from the dielectric properties of the wood material present in the cell walls, or form birefringence, resulting from the repetitive array of cylindrical cells present in the wood structure. This thesis determines for the first time the origin of birefringence at THz frequencies in wood. This question is important to potential applications in the wood products industries because if the birefringence has a large contribution from form birefringence, then it is the gross fibre structure of wood products that is being probed by THz radiation, which opens the door to applications in non-contact, non-destructing strength testing for example. This thesis outlines a number of systematic studies that will address the relative contributions of form and intrinsic birefringence to the large birefringence seen in wood at THz frequencies, and demonstrate, for the first time, what the source of this large birefringence is in several different species of wood. --P. ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1625042


title: The social and cultural experiences of food security in the Takla Lake First Nation: Informing public health.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 104

subject: Carrier Indians -- Food -- British Columbia -- Takla Lake Region.

subject: Sekani Indians -- Food -- British Columbia -- Takla Lake Region.

subject: Gitksan Indians -- Food -- British Columbia -- Takla Lake Region.

subject: Food supply -- British Columbia -- Takla Lake Region.

subject: Food -- Social aspects -- British Columbia -- Takla Lake Region.

subject: Public health -- British Columbia -- Takla Lake Region.

subject: Takla Lake First Nation (B.C.)

subject: E99.T17 T63 2007

abstract: Food security is a concept that refers to the ability of people to have access to food that is nutritionally adequate, safe, culturally appropriate and socially acceptable. Many First Nations communities are faced with issues of food security due to isolation, low socioeconomic status, threats to traditional food sources and inflated costs of store-bought food. To date, however, little research attention has been given to the actual lived experiences and perceptions of food (in)security from members of First Nations themselves. This research sought to hear from members of the Takla Lake First Nation in northern British Columbia about what they feel affects their ability to be food secure. --P.ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1326085


title: Analysis of road traffic mortality in Iran.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 90

subject: Traffic fatalities -- Iran -- Statistics.

subject: Traffic accident victims -- Iran -- Statistics.

subject: HE5614.5.I7 K67 2013

abstract: The main objective of this study is to analyze demographic, socioeconomic and circumstantial profiles of the victims of road traffic crashes in Iran (a country with very high road traffic mortality) during March 21 to November 21 of 2009. The database consists of 16,556 victims. The descriptive analysis indicates that the vast majority of victims (79%) were males, over 44% of them were of younger age (15-34 years), and 89% of victims had educational levels up to high school. The largest proportion of victims belonged to drivers (41%), followed by passengers (34.5%) and pedestrians (23%). Head injury figured as the main reason of death (over 61% of all deaths), followed by multiple fractures (25%). And over 2/3 of the crashes happened in out-of-town areas. Bivariate analysis of the data shows statistically significant relationships between victims' status with each of the covariates gender, age and education. Also, statistically significant associations are observed between the place of death and each of the covariates age, status, the reason of death and the location of the crash. Multinomial logistic regression models were employed to estimate the odds ratios for different categories of victim's status and place of death as affected by gender, age, education and other circumstantial factors. Being male, and younger than 60 increases the likelihood of death due to head injury and death at the scene of crash or on the way to hospital. Higher levels of education also increase the likelihood of death as a driver of passenger compared to pedestrians. A secondary objective of the study is to estimate the economic cost of the road traffic fatality for the period of study. The estimated traffic accident costs amounted to US$17 billion or 7% of the country's gross domestic product (GDP). Dealing with road traffic safety should become a high priority policy in Iran to prevent such devastating results. --Leaves ii-iii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1890808


title: Determinants of mating success in female tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor)

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 176

abstract:
Females from a wide variety of taxa display elaborate ornaments and aggressive behaviours that are similar to those expressed by males. Although recent empirical investigation has demonstrated that ornamental traits and behaviours of females may function by attracting mates or signalling competitive ability when competing against conspecifics for access to mates and resources, less is known about how such traits influence the mating success of free-living female birds. For my research, I experimentally examined how variation in plumage brightness and behaviour of female tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) influenced their mating success.
Plumage brightness of females had no influence on investment in parental care or mating strategies of males, or the quality of social mate paired to the female. These results suggest that bright plumage is not a signal of attractiveness preferred by male tree swallows. In contrast, I report evidence that plumage brightness of female tree swallows is involved in agonistic interactions with conspecifics. Females whose plumage brightness was enhanced to signal high quality were less able to retain their nest site than females whose plumage brightness was reduced to signal low quality. This suggests that females displaying bright plumage may be challenged by conspecifics of high quality to test the quality signalled by bright plumage, and is supported by the finding that females displaying enhanced plumage brightness suffered social costs, such as delaying breeding and producing low-quality nestlings. Despite these costs, females in the enhanced plumage brightness treatment mated with extra-pair males that were higher quality than their social mate.
Behaviour of females, manipulated by elevating testosterone (T), lowered the proportion of extra-pair offspring in the broods of T-treated females. Females manipulated so that the androgenic and estrogenic actions of T were blocked also produced fewer extra-pair... .

abstract: Plumage


title: The resilience of the Babine: The economic and social relations of the Babine to 1830.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 103

subject: Indians of North America -- British Columbia -- Lake Babine Region -- History -- 19th century.

subject: Indians of North America -- British Columbia -- Lake Babine Region -- Economic conditions -- 19th century.

subject: Indians of North America -- British Columbia -- Lake Babine Region -- Social conditions -- To 1871.

subject: Fur trade -- British Columbia -- Lake Babine Region -- History -- 19th century.

subject: British Columbia, Northern -- History -- 19th century.

subject: British Columbia, Northern -- Economic conditions -- To 1871.

subject: Carrier Indians -- British Columbia -- Lake Babine Region -- History -- 19th century.

subject: Carrier Indians -- British Columbia -- Lake Babine Region -- Economic conditions -- 19th century.

subject: Carrier Indians -- British Columbia -- Lake Babine Region -- Social conditions -- To 1871.

subject: E99.T17 B68 2012

abstract: The Resilience of the Babine' argues that the arrival of the fur trade did not alter fundamentally the economic and social networks of the Babine before 1830. These conclusions are drawn through examining the relevant Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) archival materials which serve as the foundation for this research. Literature from anthropology, the cultural material found in the Delgamuukw court case, linguistics, and environmental science corroborate and provide context for the evidence found in the HBC journals. The conclusions reached run counter to the general scholarly trends regarding the impact of the fur trade on aboriginal networks and suggest the need for a significant re-evaluation of not only the history around Babine Lake, but of all interior regions where the indigenous inhabitants had access to coastal markets through trade networks. --P. ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1803194


title: "'How should I eat these?' With your mouth, asshole": First Nations women's literature responds to colonial discourse.

subject: Identity (Philosophical concept) in literature.

subject: Indian women in literature.

subject: Indian women authors.

subject: Indian women -- Legal status, laws, etc.

subject: Indian women -- Civil rights.

subject: PN56.I42 P39 2005

abstract: No abstract available.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1295298


title: Molecular characterization of the coding region determinant-binding protein interaction with KRAS oncogene mRNA

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 137

subject:
Cancer genes -- Research.
Youth -- Counseling of.
RC268.4 .M65 2015

abstract: The coding region determinant binding protein (CRD-BP) plays a role in some cancers, regulating gene expression through mRNA trafficking, turnover, and translational repression. Recent evidence reveals CRD-BP binding to KRAS mRNA '" a proto-oncogene frequently mutated and/or overexpressed in cancer, leading to up-regulation. A CRD-BP-KRAS mRNA interaction therefore presents a novel therapeutic opportunity to target KRAS-driven cancers and is the aim of this thesis. Electrophoretic mobility and immunoprecipitation experiments presented here using GXXG-mutant CRD-BP variants show four K-homology domains are required to bind a 57-nucleotide minimum binding sequence in the coding region of KRAS RNA these mutations do not compromise protein folding as evidenced by circular dichroism spectroscopy. DNA-based anti-sense oligonucleotide inhibitors were developed based on the minimum binding sequence that successfully abrogate the CRD-BP-KRAS mRNA interaction in vitro. Finally, a CRD-BP KH1toKH4 construct purified using a novel '~on-column'-refolding scheme suggests a possible role for RRM-domains as negative regulators of RNA-binding. --Leaf i.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b2055422


title: Development of a trace generation and analysis software for random mobility models.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 78

subject:
Computer simulation.
Mobile computing.
Software engineering.
QA76.9.C65 C85 2006

abstract: No abstract available.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1303056


title: Constructing abuse: the experiences of mothers and court ordered child custody and access assessments

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 100

subject:
Custody of children.
Abused women.
Father and child.
Family violence.
Domestic relations courts.
KE600 .C43 1998

abstract: This study looks at one aspect of child custody and access within the context of family violence; that is, how the presence of abuse within a parental relationship is considered in court ordered child custody and access evaluations. The personal accounts of three women as related to me in personal open-ended interviews were examined along side the respective custody and access evaluations as prepared by psychologists. It is through this qualitative case study approach that I hoped to gain some perspective and insight into some of the real life issues and obstacles that women everywhere are facing. Among the number of things that these women faced, perhaps most evident was the tendency of evaluators to disregard the existence of intimate violence whether it occurred before separation or continues to occur in other forms (i.e., intimidation, harassment) and fail to see it as a risk for children. Apparent also was how different standards were applied to levels of parental involvement and skills, with fathering tending to be more highly valued. In summary, the study suggests that the rights of fathers to continue to have relationships with their children given priority over the needs of women to protect themselves and their children from further violence.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1202747


title: Across the street: an intimate feminist geography in Aotearoa/New Zealand

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 116

subject:
Feminist geography -- New Zealand.
Personal space.
Spatial behavior.
Space perception -- Social aspects.
Women -- Social conditions.
GF95 .T45 2000

abstract: Feminist geographies seek to challenge the invisibility of particular spaces by examining the complexities of gendered spatiality. The women of A New Environment for Women's Healing (ANEW), Christian Welfare Trust, Meren, New Zealand, create, define, and defend their women-only space in a variety of ways. This research explores the power and processes of ANEW's women-only space, as expressed through interviews and as noted through participant observation. This research also explores issues of feminist research methodology. The struggles and strategies of the women of ANEW are examined in the context of feminist geography and feminist theory. ANEW's resistant, paradoxical geography is dis-covered.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1212912


title: The impact of human activities on habitat effectiveness for grizzly bears in Jasper National Park

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 170

subject: Human beings -- Influence on nature.

subject: Grizzly bear -- Alberta -- Jasper National Park.

subject: Bears -- Alberta -- Jasper National Park.

subject: Animal ecology -- Alberta -- Jasper National Park.

subject: Jasper National Park (Alta.)

subject: QL737.C27 H66 1998

abstract: Grizzly bear ( Ursus arctos horribilis) populations are subject to increasing human encroachment into their habitats. Data were gathered on levels of human activity over seven months (April - October 1997) to link with data on habitat suitability for grizzly bears in the Maligne Valley of Jasper National Park, Alberta, Canada. We used electronic trail counters, direct counting by observers, and self-counting methods to quantify and compare human use in linear (e.g. trails), point (e.g. campgrounds), and dispersed (e.g. water bodies) landscape features. The data were then combined with habitat data in a Geographic Information System to determine habitat effectiveness to support bears (the capability of an area to support bears, as influenced by human activities, in relation to the area's inherent ability without human use) and the availability of security areas (useable bear habitat that is >9 km2 and >500 m from human activity). To minimize the dilution of the effects of human activities on grizzly bear habitat due to large area size, we divided the Maligne Valley into three bear management units. Weekly averages of the amount of human use rose markedly during the first week of July and declined after the first weekend of September. Increasing recreational activity in habitats with high or very high value for grizzly bears resulted in a decrease in the habitat effectiveness values. The three bear management units in July and August and one bear management unit in September did not meet Parks Canada's threshold for protected areas of having >80% habitat effectiveness levels. One bear management unit in August failed to meet the recommended >60% threshold value for secure I usable. The use of the grizzly bear habitat effectiveness model and security area analysis offers a predictive tool for more detailed planning of current and proposed developments in areas containing bear habitat.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1191659


title: A "Former" Perspective: A Qualitative Thematic Exploration of the Disengagement Process from Violent Right Wing Extremism.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 250

subject: Right-wing extremists -- Rehabilitation -- Canada.

subject: Radicals -- Rehabilitation -- Canada.

subject: HN110.Z9 R343 2014

abstract: In today's society the rise of extremist/terrorist violence is an increasing threat. As a researcher, and a former violent right wing extremist, with experiential knowledge of the realistic threats posed by violent right wing extremists in Northern BC, Western Canada, and abroad this study contributes insights into developing effective counter-extremists messaging. This autoethnographic study aligns the researcher's personal, professional, and academic experience into a theoretical interpretive analysis that explores and identifies thematic categories within the disengagement process, found within the published stories of four separate violent right wing extremists. These identified themes reflect that there are a number of common experiences amongst the dataset, former violent white supremacists. This study also details aspects of the author's disengagement process, which includes post-secondary education as healing, First Nations cultural influence, and the concept of decolonization. This study is a seminal induction for the concept of decolonization into counter-extremist studies. --Leaf 6.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1947217


title: A mutual assistance protocol for agent teamwork.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 94

subject:
Multiagent systems.
Intelligent agents (Computer software)
QA76.76.I58 N35 2011

abstract: This thesis proposes a novel protocol for incorporating helpful behavior into multiagent teamwork. In the proposed protocol, call the Mutual Assistance Protocol (MAP), an agent can use its own abilities and resources to advance a subtask assigned to another agent. The helpful act is performed only when the two agents jointly determine that it is in the interest of the team. The underlying design principle is that each agent assesses the team impact of changes in its own local plan. The distributed decision is reached through a bidding sequence similar to the Contract Net Protocol. The helpful act may consist in performing an action or in granting resources. The advantages of MAP over protocols that use unilateral help decisions are demonstrated through simulation experiments, using varying levels of mutual awareness in the team, dynamic disturbance in the environment, communication costs, and computation costs. --P. ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1755265


title: A course in cross-cultural counselling for central and northern British Columbia

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 212

subject: Cross-cultural counseling -- Study and teaching (Higher) -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Educational counseling -- Study and teaching (Higher) -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: BF636.7.C76 G37 2007

abstract: The purpose of this masters' project is to present a rationale for cross-cultural counselling education in central and northern British Columbia and to provide a graduate-level 13-unit course in cross-cultural counselling. I begin by reviewing the findings of the American Psychological Association Division 17 Position Paper (1982) along with subsequent studies investigating the effectiveness of cross-cultural education in helping counsellors work successfully with clients from other cultures. The three dimensions of awareness, knowledge, and skills suggested the framework for the development of the course and informed the learning objectives for each major topic. Learning outcomes for counselling students include the development of cultural self-awareness, recognising bias and racism, improving knowledge about cross-cultural issues, and developing cross-cultural counselling skills appropriate for working with specific populations prevalent in central and northern British Columbia.--P.ii

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1327953


title: Terpene composition of lodgepole and jack pine and its relationship to the success of the mountain pine beetle.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 148

subject:
Lodgepole pine -- Chemical defenses.
Jack pine -- Chemical defenses.
Terpenes.
Mountain pine beetle.
Lodgepole pine -- Diseases and pests.
Jack pine -- Diseases and pests
QK494.5.P66 C53 2008

abstract: Host tree defensive ability in new geographic regions and in different species could play a role in the success of mountain pine beetle. Constitutive and induced terpene-based defenses were tested in lodgepole and jack pine. Sampled lodgepole pines were assessed for number of beetle attacks. Trees with higher historical exposure to the insect had lower levels of defensive terpenes and lower attack densities, which may be explained by reduced apparency. Significant differences existed in constitutive and induced levels of terpenes between species higher levels of most terpenes were found in lodgepole pine. Jack pine had higher levels of [alpha]-pinene, which has implications for beetle success as this terpene is involved in pheromone biosynthesis. This insect faces different terpene-based chemical defenses in host species that it encounters in new geographic ranges and these differences should be taken into account in management plans across large geographic ranges and multiple host species.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1598966


title: Assessing population structure and migratory patterns of White-throated Sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis) breeding populations in western Canada.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 125

subject: White-throated sparrow -- Migration -- Canada, Western.

subject: White-throated sparrow -- Behavior -- Canada, Western.

subject: QL696.P2438 M65 2012

abstract: The objective of the present study was to investigate the genetic and migratory differences among White-throated Sparrow populations in western Canada in order to locate the presence of a migratory divide. Deuterium isotopes and molecular markers were used to assess the migratory differences between sparrows west (Central Interior BC) and east (Peace Region BC) of the Continental Divide. Head feather isotopes showed that both populations are overwinter wintering in either the Pacific Coast, New Mexico/Arizona or Colorado/Kansas areas. Microsatellites and mitochondrial markers did not show genetic structure among populations, however tail feather isotopes were significantly different. Analysis of migratory samples is congruent with Peace region birds migrating east of the divide. The Central Interior birds were not detected in any migratory monitoring locations. Data of the present study is congruent with a migratory divide and an east/west migration pattern between Central Interior and the Peace Region populations. --P. ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1805492


title: Beforeplay: Family stories, teen and adult parents and sexual health communication.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 237

subject:
Sexual health -- Study and teaching.
Sex instruction for teenagers.
Sex instruction for youth.
Communication in families.
HQ35 .C45 2011

abstract: In previous research, teens and parents continually report difficulties sharing what they know about sexuality with members of their families. This can lead to distressing emotional, social and physical consequences ranging from risky sexual behaviours to disconnections within the family. The importance of preserving family connections while sharing expertise around sexual behavior led to the question- what are families' stories of sexuality and how do these stories matter to sexual health and relationships? Through the qualitative method of narrative inquiry guided by social construction and critical social theories, this research study explored, through the narrative methods of storytelling and drawing, the interplay between family connections, knowledge about sexuality, and communication exchanges about sexual behavior. This work offers insights into the uniquely-situated and diverse pathways of sexual health and family communication, supporting ongoing development of health promotion programs that are oriented toward the needs of individuals and community. Discussion includes how family drawings created by participants, concept mapping, and ghostwritten stories formed the analysis, and how these outcomes may influence sexual health education and counseling.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1737646


title: Bill C-31. Identity and gender: Ain't I an Indian?

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 166

subject: Indian women -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- Canada.

subject: Canada. Indian Act.

subject: Women's rights -- Canada.

subject: Indians of North America -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- Canada.

subject: KE7722.W6 G47 2007

abstract: This qualitative-experiential research explores the influence of Bill C-31 on individual concepts of identity and gender. It includes interviews with 11 individuals who acquired Indian status through the 1985 Bill C-31, Amendments to the Indian Act. In particular, I examine the application process and raise questions regarding gendered experiences. The overall objective of this research is to humanize the issue of Bill C-31 and to capture some of the day to day struggles of living under the influence of the Indian Act. --P.ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1326097


title: The validity of DIBELS as an indicator of early literacy achievement.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 83

subject: Reading -- Ability testing -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Language arts (Primary) -- Ability testing -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Educational tests and measurements.

subject: Literacy -- Research.

subject: LB1050.46 .Z37 2007

abstract: As assessment for learning becomes a more common practice in schools throughout North America, this study adds to the current literature that validates assessment practices which educators may use to help guide instruction and support student learning. This study examines the concurrent validity of the Dynamic Indicators of Early Literacy Skills (DIBELS) using Kindergarten and Grade 1 teacher-assigned year-end scores and reading Curriculum Based Measurement (WRC) as the criterion variables. Besides conducting a test of validity, this study will also establish DIBELS benchmarks, or cut-off points, for Kindergarten and Grade 1 using a Northern British Columbia sample. DIBELS scores and CBM reading scores for Kindergarten and Grade 1 students were compared to their final Language Arts performance score. A correlational analysis between the criterion and predictive variables did not confirm concurrent validity of the various DIBELS measures at the Kindergarten level. Being limited to a pass/fail option for final reporting of Language Arts, the teacher assigned final scores resulted in a skewed distribution making a correlation difficult to confirm, indicating the possibility of a Type II error with the Language Arts data. However, significant correlation coefficients were produced between Grade 1 DIBELS measure and WRC. After establishing benchmarks for DIBELS, risk factors were able to be established. These risk factors provide an indication to educators the degree to which a student may be at risk in their early literacy development. This study supports the use of using DIBELS as part of a teacher's assessment regime to identify potential at risk readers so that timely and appropriate interventions can be put into place.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1391610


title: What's in your freezer? Traditional food use and food security in two Yukon First Nations communities.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 123

subject: Indians of North America -- Food -- Yukon.

subject: Vuntut Gwich'in Indians -- Nutrition -- Yukon -- Old Crow.

subject: Tlingit Indians -- Nutrition -- Yukon -- Teslin.

subject: Food security -- Yukon.

subject: Nutrition -- Evaluation.

subject: Caribou -- Mercury content -- Yukon.

subject: Food habits -- Yukon.

subject: TX360.C32 Y876 2009

abstract: Traditional foods are central to the well-being of Aboriginal communities however there is a trend of decreasing traditional food use which can pose health risks when the replacement foods are low in nutrients and high in carbohydrates and saturated fats. This study collected information on the frequency and quantity of traditional food consumption as well the level of food security of 29 adults in the Vuntut Gwitchin First Nation community of Old Crow and 33 adults in the Tlingit community of Teslin, both of Yukon, Canada. In each community traditional foods were shown to be an important part of the diet, although challenges in access to and availability of foods were reported. Chemical contamination is another challenge in the context of food security. There is limited data on mercury levels in caribou, a principal food source for the Vuntut Gwitchin First Nation. Seventy-five caribou muscle, 63 kidney and 3 liver samples were analyzed for total mercury and combined with reported dietary information to calculate estimated total mercury and methylmercury exposure. Nutrient intake was calculated by combining data from the Canada Nutrient File and supplemented by Kuhnlein et al. (2006) and Hidiroglou et al., (2008) with the collected dietary information. Caribou issues were found to contribute high levels of important nutrients to the diet and pose minimal health risk from mercury exposure.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1637023


title: Spatial and temporal analyses of bark beetle population dynamics in southern British Columbia: Stand-level studies of the bole-infesting assemblage during eruptive transitions of mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 154

subject: Mountain pine beetle -- Behavior -- British Columbia.

subject: Bark beetles -- Behavior -- British Columbia.

subject: Mountain pine beetle -- British Columbia -- Reproduction.

subject: Bark beetles -- British Columbia -- Reproduction.

subject: Insect populations -- British Columbia.

subject: Lodgepole pine -- Diseases and pests -- British Columbia.

subject: SB945.M78 K66 2011

abstract: Factors that trigger population transitions of mountain pine beetle from endemic to incipient-epidemic levels are poorly understood. The population dynamics of this insect may be influenced by associations with trees colonized by other bark beetles. This study explores the spatial and temporal relationships between mountain pine beetle and non-eruptive bark beetle species in lodgepole pine stands of southern British Columbia. Increasing populations of non-eruptive bark beetles were positively correlated with each other, and with endemic mountain pine beetle. Endemic and incipient-epidemic levels of mountain pine beetle were often positively spatially associated with the bark beetles Pseudips mexicanus, Orthotomicus latidens, Ips pini, and Hylurgops species, which themselves frequently colonized the same host trees. As populations grew, mountain pine beetle shifted from attacking injured/previously colonized hosts to uncolonized hosts. Identifying these potential triggers of population phase transitions may help prevent future epidemics in areas of economic importance. --P.ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1736079


title: Enhanced cognitive interview: incorporating "remember" or "know" and/or confidence level phases to determine the accuracy of eyewitness information

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 229

subject:
Interviewing in law enforcement.
Witnesses -- Interviews.
BF637.I5 R63 2000

abstract: Incorporating "remember" - "know" and/or confidence level judgements in the enhanced cognitive interview may resolve the accuracy concerns -- Development of research procedures incorporating a "remember" or "know" and confidence level accuracy phase with the enhanced cognitive interview -- "Remember" or "know" and confidence level accuracy study.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1218690


title: Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia During Episodes of Relived Sadness: The Role of Emotional Intelligence and Affect Intensity.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 65

subject:
Arrhythmia.
Emotions -- Physiological aspects.
Emotional intelligence.
Affect (Psychology)
RC685.A65 R37 2010

abstract: The study investigated respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) during relived episodes of sadness as a function of emotional intelligence (EI) and affect intensity. RSA was hypothesized: 1) to be reduced during experienced sadness evidencing vagal withdrawal, 2) to show an inverse association with EI, particularly the managing emotions dimension, affect intensity, and depressive symptomatology. Fifty-six participants were recruited to fill out questionnaires and undergo three phases of psychophysiological recording (baseline, experiential sadness, recovery). Consistent with hypotheses, RSA amplitude was reduced during experiential sadness and magnitude of RSA reduction was inversely associated with both EI and affect intensity. However, magnitude of RSA response was not associated with the emotion management dimension of EI but rather the perceiving emotions dimension and was not associated with depressive symptomatology. Overall, the findings suggest that RSA (cardiac vagal tone) is more indicative of flexible responding to environmental demands rather than explicitly indexing emotion regulation. --P.ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1736493


title: The ecology of food and medicine plants and their gathering sites as defined by Tl'azt'en Nation.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 117

subject: Tl'azt'en Indians -- Ethnobotany.

subject: Traditional ecological knowledge -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Carrier Indians -- Ethnobotany.

subject: E99.T17 S53 2010

abstract: Aboriginal people, including Tl'azt'en Nation, have close and long-standing relationships with the environment. Plants were, and still are, important for food, medicine, and cultural purposes. Western societies have had a negative impact on many Aboriginal communities which can be seen in the loss of Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK). An examples of this is with TEK regarding food and medicine plant use of Tl'azt'en Nation. This research was a collaborative project between Tl'azt'en Nation and the University of Northern British Columbia (UNBC). Tl'azt'en community members participated in every stage of the research and assisted in the determination of the research goals and objectives. This ensured that the appropriate knowledge was being documented and it was in a form that was presentable and acceptable to all involved. The study was conducted to collect TEK about the ecology of food and medicine plant gathering sites, to gain an understanding of the criteria for gathering individual plants for food or medicine use, to understand why traditional food and medicine plant gathering sites may fall out of use, and to provide information for a frame work for the protection measure that will be necessary for the continuation of plant gathering activities and sites. In order to gather TEK, fifteen plants were selected to focus on and a total of ten Tl'azt'enne, considered to be knowledgeable about food and medicine plants, participated in various meetings, focus groups, interviews, and field sessions and shared their knowledge about the fifteen plants and their gathering sites. Tl'azt'enne who use plants for food and medicine purposes do not seem to have specific sites where plants must be collected for these purposes, as long as the plant is available in an undisturbed area, away from people and in Tl'azt'en Territory, it can be gathered. Tl'azt'enne community members possess a deep understanding of plants and their gathering sites and have many concerns including the loss of TEK, changing landscapes, and ecolo

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1736067


format:
electronic
1 online resource (x, 86 pages)

subject: Diabetes in adolescence.

subject: Wireless communication systems in medical care.

subject: Delivery of health care--Methods.

abstract:
Diabetes mellitus is an international epidemic affecting millions of individuals worldwide. In Canada, an estimated 3.4 million individuals are living with diabetes mellitus— approximately 9.3 percent of the total population (Canadian Diabetes Association, 2018). A high prevalence of diabetes mellitus comes with a substantial cost; the direct annual cost associated with diabetes mellitus is expected to reach 3.1 billion dollars by 2020 (Bilandzic & Rosella, 2017).
The Canadian Pediatric Society recognizes that there are currently 33,000 children and adolescents aged 5-18 years old living with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) (as cited in the Diabetic Children’s Foundation, 2018). As children and adolescents with T1DM are in the process of developing physically and psychologically, they are at an increased risk of developing complications of diabetes that require short to long term attention and monitoring.
The utilization of mobile technology to provide healthcare services is commonly referred to as mHealth. Such technology offers an opportunity to address the challenges of chronic disease management with this technology- intelligent population (Kitsiou, Paré, Jaana, & Gerber, B. 2017). As a component of the Master of Science in Nursing- Nurse Practitioner program at the University of Northern British Columbia, the following is an integrative review to answer the research question: Can mHealth, when monitored by a primary care provider, maintain hemoglobin A1c values in target range with adolescents between the ages of 10-19 diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus?


title: The market is the medium: the political economy of the mass media

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 114

subject:
Mass media -- Economic aspects.
Mass media -- Political aspects.
Mass media and public opinion.
P95.8 .A533 1996

abstract: This thesis examines how market forces influence the political roles of mass media.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1151074


title: The experiences of emergency nurses working during situations of crowding

contributor: University of Northern British Columbia College of Arts, Social, and Health Sciences (Degree granting institution)

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 141

abstract:
Background: While the causes and consequences of patient crowding in emergency departments are clearly defined, little is known about the experiences of emergency nurses working in these conditions. The aim of this study was to develop a greater understanding of emergency nurses’ experiences working during situations of crowding.
Methods: Fourteen emergency nurses were individually interviewed. Data was analyzed using a qualitative descriptive approach.
Results: Five major themes were identified: challenges of the ED environment, impacts of the environment on practice, professional impacts, impacts on person, and teamwork: the silver lining. Participants described crowding as occurring on a consistent and regular basis; this had both negative and positive impacts upon their professional and personal lives.
Discussion: Emergency nurses are persistent in their desire to provide quality patient care, despite situations of crowding. Future implications involve identifying positive practice supports and providing education on self-care practices to foster positive personal health outcomes.

abstract: patient crowding

abstract: emergency nurses