identifier: Green, Gary Edwin Hector. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Green=3AGary_Edwin_Hector=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1977) Meaningfulness as a predictor of the influence of categorized client statements upon counsellor judgements.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study tested the general hypothesis that categories of information about a client would influence the counsellors overall judgement to the extent that the categories are meaningful to the judge. Twenty subjects (13 counsellors in training and 7 professional counsellors) were given 55 statements made by a single client. Subjects were asked to form as clear an impression of the client's personality as they could from the statements. Subjects sorted the statements into categories using category titles of their own choosing. For each category subjects operationalized their impressions of the client by completing a rating scale comprised of 12 bipolar dimensions. Subjects then rated their overall impression of the client based upon the statements in all categories. Meaningfulness of a category was defined by items (number of statements in a category), extremity (sum of the absolute difference from scale mid-point), and centrality (loading on first principle component). Category influence was defined as a category's variance-in-common with the overall judgement. For each subject the three indices of meaningfulness (items, extremity, centrality), were correlated with category influence. -- The results showed the three meaningfulness indices differed in their ability to predict category influence upon overall judgement. The centrality index was found to be a better predictor than either the items or extremity index. It was concluded that meaningfulness of a category was able to predict a category's influence upon overall judgement. However, predictiveness varied with the index of meaningfulness used.


identifier: Kodish, Debora G. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Kodish=3ADebora_G=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1977) Good friends and bad enemies: Robert W. Gordon and American folksong scholarship.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

type: Thesis NonPeerReviewed

format: application/pdf application/pdf

abstract: Robert W. Gordon was a pioneer American folklorist whose work has remained largely unknown to contemporary American folklorists.  Gordon was born in 1888 in Maine, brought up in New England and trained as a folklorist at Harvard by Kittredge.  He abandoned a career as a university professor and managed to make a living as the first professional folklorist in the United States between 1925 and 1933. It was primarily during these years that Gordon used the popular media and extensive field trips to bring together what was then the largest and most diverse collection of American folksongs ever made by a single person.  Gordon continually conceived of his work on a grand scale and in 1928 established the first national center for the study of folksong - the Archive of American Folk Song at the Library of Congress.  This thesis uses Gordon's own publications, his voluminous correspondence, interviews and some secondary sources, to provide a chronological account of Gordon, his life, work, successes and failures. -- Gordon proceeded with a rigorous scientific approach and maintained a developmental theory of the growth of folksong.  He sought to contribute to the advance of folklore scholarship by answering the basic and vital questions of the discipline.  To do so, he formed and tested hypotheses and adopted a broad and inclusive approach.  This thesis examines the theories and methods by which Gordon worked and discusses the social, cultural and historic contexts which framed his efforts.


identifier: Langdon, Bernice Rideout. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Langdon=3ABernice_Rideout=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1977) Internship in guidance and counselling at Prince of Wales Collegiate including a research component on the effectiveness of a study skills program.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This report presents a description of an internship in guidance and counselling at Prince of Wales Collegiate, St. John's, Newfoundland from September 1, 1976 to December 4, 1976. The rationale for doing the internship was to gain as many experiences in guidance and counselling under supervised conditions as possible, so as to apply theories and principles learned in the academic training component of the graduate guidance program. -- Supervision and evaluation of the internship were the shared responsibility of Mrs Elaine Shortall, field supervisor; Dr Terry Boak, university supervisor; and Dr Leroy Klaus, third committee member. Daily and bi-weekly meetings were held to discuss the progress being made. One requirement of the internship was to tape a number of individual and group counselling sessions. These tapes were reviewed and evaluated by the supervisors. -- A set of objectives was devised which would facilitate professional growth and development for the author. Throughout the internship period all of these objectives were adequately met. -- The research component dealt with the effectiveness of a study skills program. The Solomon Four Group Research Design was used to evaluate the two research hypotheses. The discussion of the results and the limitations of the study explain why the two hypotheses were rejected. Two recommendations for future research were given. -- An evaluation of the internship revealed it was a worthwhile and profitable experience.


identifier: Kelly, Ursula Anne Margaret <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Kelly=3AUrsula_Anne_Margaret=3A=3A.html>   (1982) Is literary criticism a defensible component of the secondary English curriculum?  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis attempts to determine the place of literary criticism in a secondary English curriculum. The functions of literature in a curriculum are examined and literary criticism is shown to be of vital importance to the satisfactory fulfillment of these functions. Criticism is seen as an essential component in the study and teaching of literature, especially in view of the many and varied forces affecting contemporary society. --  On the basis of a comparative analysis of the secondary English curricula of Ontario and Newfoundland and an examination of current literary theory, it would appear obvious that literary criticism demands a sharper focus and a higher priority than it currently receives in the Newfoundland curriculum. Renewed attention to literary criticism in the curriculum should reflect the soundest reasoning found in current literary theory.


identifier: Baker, Patrick Joseph <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Baker=3APatrick_Joseph=3A=3A.html>   (1981) Peer evaluation : a component of the teaching of composition.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The major purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of guided peer evaluation as a strategy for teaching students to revise their own writing and for providing students with genuine audiences for their written communication. Other purposes of the experiment were to evaluate the effects of such a program on the frequency and amount of writing, the attitudes of students to written composition, and teacher workload. --  The subjects for the study were two grade nine classes in a rural high school in Newfoundland. -- The data were collected by administering  standardized objective tests of writing and by teacher ratings of two essay tests. Additional data were also obtained from a comparison of student writing checklists produced before and after the experiment, and from a student survey. -- An analysis of the statistical data showed that there was little or no improvement in the writing of the experimental or the control group as measured by the objective and essay tests. Significant improvement occurred for both groups only on the Mechanics of Writing test. However, the teachers and students involved in the study strongly believed that significant improvement had occurred. A comparison of the student produced checklists suggested that the peer evaluation program did slightly increase student understanding of what constitutes good writing. Information obtained from the student survey indicated that guided peer evaluation did have positive effects on revision practices, audience awareness, frequency of writing, student attitudes to writing, and teacher workload. -- In conclusion, the following recommendations were made: -- 1. That teachers of composition require students to revise and rewrite assignments, and that they adopt instructional strategies which will teach students to revise their own writing. -- 2. That teachers provide students with frequent opportunities for evaluating the effects of their writing on their intended audiences. -- 3. That there be an investigation of the professional and legal responsibilities of the teacher for any controversial or libellous writing done under the auspices of the school. -- 4. That more formal procedures be implemented in future peer evaluation programs for conveying student writing to audiences outside the school. -- 5. That language arts coordinators provide in-service training for teachers in the use of peer evaluation as a strategy for teaching composition.


identifier: Melvin, Edith Dianne <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Melvin=3AEdith_Dianne=3A=3A.html>   (1984) A case study of the developmental differences in pattern processing abilities in young children.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study was undertaken because of the perceived need for information regarding how young children process patterns. The purpose of the study was to look into the pattern recognition abilities of young children. Specifically, the abilities of children at different levels of development, within a Piagetian framework, were examined. A review of the literature revealed the variables which had been shown to be relevent to pattern recognition as well as the various explanations for how patterns are processed. -- A case study research design was decided upon and a purposive sample was chosen of 97 children from grades one and two in a rural school in Newfoundland. The group's mean age was 90.64 months. -- The sample was first administered several standard Piagetian-type tasks which differentiated conservers from non-conservers. Several observations were made regarding the role played by age as a variable in level of development, and the role played by school experience as a variable in level of development. Specific sub-groups of the original sample were defined as Pre-Operational and Concrete Operational based on the findings from the Piagetian instrument. -- Finally, these two sub-groups were given several patterning tasks in which they were required to extend a given pattern. The results from this instrument were examined to compare the two groups on rate of success, the tendency to impose a pattern in an erroneous response and the type of errors committed. -- The data was analyzed using non-parametric statistics, and results were not generalized beyond this sample. -- The findings seemed to show that while age did not seem important as a variable in determining Piagetian level, grade level did seem to show importance as a variable. Also, developmental level did seem to differentiate the more successful pattern solvers from the less successful. Error types seemed to vary for the two levels, however both groups seemed predisposed to imposing a pattern, even in an erroneous response. -- The thesis concluded with a set of recommendations for researchers and educators.


identifier: Kieley, Mary Sharon <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Kieley=3AMary_Sharon=3A=3A.html>   (1983) The effect of number size and ordering of data on the difficulty of selected arithmetic word problems.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of number size and ordering of data on the difficulty of arithmetic word problems. The study was conducted at level one of the senior high school system in Newfoundland with 220 students enrolled in the practical mathematics course at that level. The students were randomly selected and each was asked to complete one of six tests in a 30 minute time period. Each test consisted of 12 two-step word problems incorporating the operations of multiplication - addition; division - addition; multiplication - subtraction; division - subtraction, with three items per instrument testing each set of operations. The tests were designed as follows: (1) small numbers with ordered data; (2) large numbers with ordered data; (3) small numbers and large numbers with ordered data; (4) small numbers with unordered data; (5) large numbers with unordered data; (6) small numbers and large numbers with unordered data. -- It was concluded that there was no significant interaction effect between number size and ordering of data, but there was a significant effect for the number size variable and for the order variable. Whether the data was ordered or unordered, problems containing large numbers as data were the most difficult for students in the practical level of mathematics at level one of the senior high school; problems containing a combination of small numbers and large numbers were of intermediate difficulty, and problems containing small numbers were the least difficult. Also, whether the numbers were small, large, or a combination of small and large problems containing unordered data were more difficult than problems containing ordered data. -- Implications for teaching were discussed and recommendations for future research in arithmetic word problems were proposed.


identifier: Jones, Donald James Joseph. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Jones=3ADonald_James_Joseph=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1972) The Asquith cabinet and woman's suffrage, 1908-1914.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The agitation for Woman’s Suffrage in Britain came into renewed prominence with the advent of the Liberal party to power in 1906. In 1914 with the declaration of war between Britain and Germany the agitation ceased with women still unenfranchised. This thesis deals with the failure of the Liberal government and more particularly the Asquith Cabinet, to solve the issue in the intervening years. -- The Asquith ministry (1908-1916) was divided on the issue and the Prime Minister, in particular, was an avowed opponent of women’s votes. This division in the cabinet resulted in a vacillating policy which failed to satisfy the demands made by the women. The women, in their turn adopted militant actions to publicize their cause reaching a climax in the renowned anti-government militancy of the Woman’s Social and Political Union. The failure of the Cabinet to come to grips with the problem through government legislation, coupled with the tendency of the militant women to resort to yet more militant tactics, led eventually to a situation where compromise became extremely difficult and solution became impossible. -- The thesis opens with a sketch of the political and social background of the period in order to place the problem in its proper perspective. The individual positions of the Cabinet ministers on the question are then dealt with. The greater part of the thesis is an in depth investigation into the role played by the individual ministers when Woman’s Suffrage bills came before the House of Commons. Stress is placed on the growing importance of Woman’s Suffrage as a political problem which eventually threatened the stability of the government. The conclusion is that the Cabinet ministers played an important role in exacerbating the issue through the adoption of negative policies of procrastination.


identifier: Hobbs, Sandra Dianne <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Hobbs=3ASandra_Dianne=3A=3A.html>   (1984) A beginning reading program for a select group of native students.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Learning to read in their first language is very difficult for some children. These difficulties are increased when children are required to learn to speak and read in a language which is different from the one used in the home. The problem is compounded when children come from homes in which they have had little exposure to the reading process. In order for children to read a language with comprehension, they must first be able to listen to and speak that language with comprehension. Their acquiring facility in the use of decoding skills is not enough. They must also understand that meaning can be obtained from print and that reading can be a source of enjoyment. Unless educators realize what is involved in teaching reading to English-as-a-second-language students, these students may be assigned to remedial reading classes rather than being given the help they need. -- The purpose of the study was to prepare a beginning reading program for those students who begin school with a minimum knowledge of the English language and yet are required to listen, speak and begin reading in English. -- The study consists of two major parts. Part I deals with the problem and need for the study, as well as a review of related literature. Suggested methods and recommendations for implementing the program are also provided. -- Part II presents the program which consists of twenty units developed according to a thematic approach. Eight of these units have been fully developed while the remaining twelve are presented in outline form for further development. Language development and pre-reading skills are taught through first hand experiences, conversation based on real life situations, children's literature, and the Language Experience Approach to reading. Culturally relevant material is used whenever possible.


identifier: French, Frederick Frank <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/French=3AFrederick_Frank=3A=3A.html>   (1977) Selected factors related to semester grade point average of third year or later students in the Faculty of Education at Memorial University of Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of living accommodation, distance commuted, age, sex, marital status, religious affiliation, high school graduating average and measured intelligence on the semester grade point average of university students. High school average and measured intelligence served as controls in examining the influence of the other variables. -- Subjects of the study were 102 students enrolled in their third year or later in the Faculty of Education at Memorial University of Newfoundland. The fifty-five males and forty-seven females were administered a questionnaire devised by the researcher, to gather background information, and the Lorge-Thorndike Intelligence Test, Form 1, Level H. Further information relevant to academic grades was gathered with the subjects' consent from the Registrar's Office at Memorial University and from records at the Provincial Department of Education. -- An analysis of the data revealed that students who lived with their parents scored significantly higher mean semester grade point averages than did students living in university residences, apartments and boarding houses. Living accommodation accounted for approximately nine per cent of the variance in semester grade point average while distance commuted accounted for less than four per cent of the variance. Age contributed only one per cent to the total amount of variance in semester grade point average. Without controlling for the effects of measured intelligence and high school average, the difference in semester grade point average between males and females was significant, favouring females; however, no significant difference was found when the effects of measured intelligence and high school average were removed. Sex of the subject accounted for little more than six per cent of the variation in grade point average. Marital status and religious affiliation did not significantly affect semester grade point average; their influence was so negligible, in fact, that they were not included in the final regression analysis to determine contributors to the variance in semester grade point average. High school graduating average and measured intelligence accounted for thirty-nine per cent of the variance in semester grade point average (twelve per cent and twenty-seven per cent, respectively). A total of fifty-eight per cent of the variance in grade point average was accounted for by the factors studied. -- The significance of the study was threefold and rested on better counselling for students, better understanding of the relationship of certain variables to each other and further understanding of factors affecting university grade point average. Recommendations were made to make such information available to school and university officials. In addition, a study of boarding houses was recommended since these students scored the lowest mean semester grade point averages. Measured intelligence, high school average and living accommodation, the factors most highly related to semester grade point average, should be of special interest to school and university officials. Distance commuted, age, sex, marital status and religious affiliation contributed little to the variability of semester grade point average; rather than pursuing these factors, further research should examine variables such as motivation, attitudes, values, home study habits, personality and personal concerns of the students.


identifier: Sheppard, Douglas Bruce <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Sheppard=3ADouglas_Bruce=3A=3A.html>   (1980) Student attribute-preference relationships in high and low control elementary science classes.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study was concerned with variations in teacher controlling behaviours within the context of elementary science classes, and the influence of student characteristics on affective outcomes under different control conditions. It was designed to determine which type of control was generally preferred, and to investigate relationships between student characteristics and their expressed preferences. In theory, student satisfaction is greater when a good fit between student attributes and learning environment can be maintained. -- Two experimental treatments were defined from the teacher control continuum using the Bellack Observation System. Four teachers were trained to operationalize these treatments with 360 sixth grade elementary science students in ten intact classes for two nine week rounds in the eighteen week study. A repeated measures design was used in which all classes were exposed to both treatments. An instrument was designed to measure student preference for the teacher behaviours characterizing the treatments. The design permitted a comparison of pupil attribute preference relationships across treatments within a sample for consistency and across samples within a treatment for stability. An independent, task-oriented instrument was designed and administered to compare with the written instrument. -- A large pool of independent variables was available to the researcher, so a data reduction procedure was followed. Crossbreak analysis was used to identify potential predictors for multiple linear regression analyses. The nominal task-oriented data was analyzed by a crossbreak procedure. -- The data collected indicated that the teacher behaviours were consistent with the definitions, but larger than desired inter-teaching variability within a treatment existed. The variables selected formed a significant set of predictors for student preference in all but one of the rounds of low control treatment. However, when the criterion of stability of findings across samples was invoked, none of the selected variables or subsets of variables significantly predicted student preference after teacher variation and other variable effects were controlled for. -- A strong general preference for learning in the low control mode was expressed by students in both rounds, on both the written and task-oriented preference instruments. For the latter instrument, dominance, sex, and teacher effects survived the criterion of stability across samples, with submissives and girls choosing the unstructured task more frequently than dominant students or boys. However, this instrument and the written SPI preference instrument were observed to be essentially independent as determined by the Chi-square test. Zero order correlations of student attribute measures and SPI scores were calculated as a check on stability and consistency of the relationships between these attributes and expressed preference. It was concluded that the observed relations were stable and consistent on the basis of this analysis.


identifier: Benson, Michael A. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Benson=3AMichael_A=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1984) Structural change in the inner city housing stock of St. John's, Newfoundland ; 1980-1982.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In general, the objective of the current study is to measure in a temporal context the magnitude, type and location of structural change in the inner city housing stock of St. John's, Newfoundland. The principal focus is on the standing stock of residential dwellings and the process of structural change occasioned by a highly speculative and uncertain urban environment. Although the primary concern is an empirical analysis of spatial variations in structural maintenance and repair activity and stock deletions, the study also examines specifically the responsive nature of the stock to changes in home ownership and type of ownership and assesses the impact of one particular public welfare policy, housing code enforcement, upon the supply state of the active inventory. -- The study reveals several important things. First, 26.5% of the inner city housing stock experienced some form of structural reinvestment between 1980 and 1982, 70.6% of the stock remained unchanged while 2.9% of the stock were physically removed. Of the dwellings that did experience reinvestment, 76.1% were upgraded by incumbent owners. The value of incumbent upgrading as a percent of the total value of all maintenance and repair activity measured 45.2%, nearly half of the total amount spent on structural reinvestment throughout the study area. The value of maintenance and repair resulting from ownership transaction was seen to vary according to the particular type of transaction involved. Transactions involving the purchase of residential properties by resident owners from non-resident corporate owners accounted for 14.3% of the total value of maintenance and repair generated by ownership change. Ownership transactions involving the replacement of resident owned dwellings by non-resident owners resulted in 8.6% of the total value of maintenance and repair activity while transactions from resident owners to different resident owners brought with them 8.5% of the total value of residential reinvestment. -- Throughout the study area, though, 39.4% of the total value of maintenance and repair was involuntary and made necessary by the violation of minimum property standards. Dwellings in violation of codes and by-laws enforced by the City of St. John's amounted to 17.5% of all inner city dwellings and, on average, each violating dwelling incurred 5.7 violations and took 361.9 days to comply with letters of notification. -- In view of the research contained herein, the current investigation contends that although there has been evidence of some reinvestment activity in the form of inner city revitalization, that which has occurred has been sporadic and spatially variable. Most importantly, recent structural change does not appear to support a process of gentrification or return to the city on a prodigious scale. Rather, incumbent upgrading of the stock has been more apparent than stock improvements made by recent in-movers. While structural disinvestment has shown signs of arrest, it has not been transformed into large scale, area-wide reinvestment activity. Being neither in decline or in revitalization, then, the inner city housing stock of St. John's as of 1982 has assumed a state of quiescence. Speculation as to its immediate future appears to be nearly as irresolute as the policy environment in which it exists.


identifier: Langhout, Johannes <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Langhout=3AJohannes=3A=3A.html>   (1974) The accounting system of the province of Newfoundland, its role in financial decision making and suggestions for change.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: There is an increasing interest in Public Accounts, not only by politicians and government officials but also by financial institutions, universities, news media and by members of the general public. This interest goes deeper than concern with the ever-growing magnitude of government outlays and the incidence of higher taxation. Public finance has come to be vested with its appropriate economic significance and recognized as a major factor in shaping the course of economic and social progress. -- With the growth of government activities and related increases in government expenditure, effective financial management in the conduct of government affairs is assuming ever-increasing importance. The development and the strengthening of the management function raises problems concerning the information that is required, the method of accounting for government income and expenditure, the classification of accounting data in a form which best facilitates decision making and the choice of the appropriate reporting and control systems. -- In this thesis an analysis is made of the system of accounting and control of public money in the Province of Newfoundland, including the function and organization of the Treasury Board. The necessity of providing adequate information for decision making is stressed and the systems analysis approach to decision making, used mainly in commerce and industry, is discussed. A description of its application to government decision making in the form of the Planning- Programming- Budgeting system as implemented by the Federal Government of Canada and the Provincial Government of Ontario leads to the supposition that this system might well be introduced in Newfoundland with favourable results. -- The introduction of the P.P.B. system in Newfoundland would only be possible if changes can be made in the system of accounting and reporting of government transactions. Accordingly the thesis recommends a number of changes in the system of accounting and the presentation of the annual Public Accounts of Newfoundland to ensure that, as far as is practicable, the accounts should provide all interested parties with true and fair statements that disclose essential information in a clear and concise form and present data which convey accurate and relevant meaning.


identifier: Mooney, Ignatius Francis <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Mooney=3AIgnatius_Francis=3A=3A.html>   (1979) Social comparison in the classroom: the relative impact of academic standing and ability grouping in the classroom.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The theory of social comparison processes (Festinger, 1954) assumes that the group(s) available to the individual are appropriate for making comparisons in terms of his/her self-concept. However, in the classroom setting, it has not been clear which group(s) form the basis for comparison, especially where assignment to classes is based on academic standing. -- Data were collected on 157 Grade Four students in rural eastern Newfoundland schools. Three classes were homogeneous; three classes were heterogeneous. Information on the academic performance of each student was provided by the Canadian Tests of Basic Skills.  A self-concept scale was administered and cluster scores were obtained through the use of factor analysis. A composite achievement score was calculated for each student and dummy variables were used to represent class membership. -- Results of regression analysis indicated that within-class achievement level and class membership were significant predictors of self-concept in homogeneous classes. In the heterogeneous classes, there was no significant relationship between self-concept and academic achievement; however, within-class academic standing was not a significant variable.


identifier: Jones, Margaret L.(Margaret Louise) <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Jones=3AMargaret_L=2E=28Margaret_Louise=29=3A=3A.html>   (1982) The healing process and conceptions of alcoholism in a drug dependency treatment centre.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study is concerned with the manner in which certain members of our society treat and conceptualize alcoholism. The setting of the fieldwork is an Atlantic Canada treatment centre for drug dependence. The focus of the thesis is on the healing process during 5-day and 28-day Treatment Programs and the manner in which participants in these programs conceptualize alcoholism. Particular attention is paid to the disease concept of alcoholism in order to determine its role in treatment. -- Findings suggest that alcoholism is variously defined, classified and explained by participants. There is also variation between healer clinical explanations of alcoholism and healer theoretical explanations. Treatment at the drug dependency centre is also shown to be culturally specific in that it incorporates a “mental health” view of alcoholism in its components, and focuses attention on the individual as the locus of responsibility. -- The implications of the results are relevant to theoretical and practical issues. Data show that there is ambivalence about the nature of alcoholism and its position in the medical system, as well as inconsistencies and contradictions in treatment. It is suggested that alcoholism is rooted in sociocultural conditions and that treatment should present clients with systematic, comprehensive information about sociocultural factors influencing the epidemiology of the condition. -- It is further suggested that if more sociocultural information is given to clients during treatment, clients will be better able to make necessary changes in themselves and better able to become involved in trying to change social conditions contributing to alcoholism.


identifier: Marshall, Mervin Allan <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Marshall=3AMervin_Allan=3A=3A.html>   (1982) Structural integrity monitoring of a fixed-bottom frame tower.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: As a consequence of the increasing necessity for structural safety of drilling platforms, the need for monitoring techniques capable of detecting early damage of subsurface structural components increases. -- The purpose of this study is to provide theoretical and laboratory experimental evidence that a predictable relationship exists between physical damage of certain structural components, and changes in the resonant frequencies of a structure measured at the deck level. To achieve this objective, experiments were carried out on a k-braced model of an offshore tower using random vibration analyses, and the results were compared to those determined from a finite element model of the structure (free vibration STRUDL II analyses). -- Natural frequencies were determined from the intact and damaged structure and the results, experimental and analytical, were compared to measure the effects of the damaged member(s) on the resonant frequencies of the structure. By removing an inclined member in a k-braced panel to simulate damage of that member, a 22.75% decrease in the natural frequency of the 2nd sway mode was measured on the transfer function of the experimental model; the theoretical results indicated a 16.02% decrease. Investigations into the effect of a member cracking showed a 9.2 % decrease in the excitation frequency of the 2nd sway mode, when a k-brace member was cut halfway across at one joint on the experimental model. -- From the results obtained, it was concluded that the changes in natural frequencies clearly indicated that the structure had, in fact, undergone damage. Moreover, the theoretical results showed that the mode(s) most affected depended on the location of the damaged member(s). -- It is recommended that although the technique appears promising, it should not be viewed as a panacea for solving the problem of early detection of subsurface structural damage with great certainty since certainty, in such a complex environment as the ocean, can rarely be assured. Nonetheless, if the structural integrity monitoring technique is applied in conjunction with conventional detection procedure, the effectiveness of early damage detection will be enhanced.


identifier: Coffin, George Augustus <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Coffin=3AGeorge_Augustus=3A=3A.html>   (1977) A profile of shared school services in Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate the cooperative efforts of Roman Catholic and Integrated school boards in Newfoundland to provide common educational facilities for children in their districts. Specifically, the questions to be answered are: -- 1. Why did cooperative or shared services develop in select areas of Newfoundland? -- 2. How are cooperative or shared service schools administered? -- 3. What problems are encountered in the administration of shared services? -- 4. Which type of shared services appears to work best? -- The development of the denominational system of education is outlined in chapter two. The chapter concludes with reference to recent changes which have permitted shared services to develop. -- Statistical data on the number of shared services were provided through a questionnaire to Roman Catholic and Integrated district board offices. These were supplemented by data collected from monthly reports to the Department of Education. These findings are reported in chapter three. -- Case studies of three types of shared services were conducted at Bay de Verde,  Fogo Island and Wabush. These are reported in chapters four, five and six respectively. The studies trace the development of each shared service and describe the present administrative structure. The data were collected mainly from interviews with persons associated with each shared service and from the files of school board offices. The interviewees also provided a personal assessment of the effectiveness of their respective systems. -- The concluding chapter lists eleven conclusions and three recommendations. The important conclusions can be summarized as follows: -- 1. Under certain conditions, shared services are a viable alternative for providing quality education in rural Newfoundland. -- 2. Existing shared services can be classified as belonging to one of four types: the Wabush plan, the Fogo Island plan, the Bay de Verde plan and the Plum Point plan. -- 3. The Bay de Verde plan appears to be the best administrative arrangement. -- The most important recommendation suggests that participating school boards prepare meaningful agreements to ensure an effective administrative structure and to protect each party's rights in the arrangement.


identifier: Martel, Guy <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Martel=3AGuy=3A=3A.html>   (1982) Sexual selection and territory size in male cunners Tautogolabrus adspersus, in Conception Bay, Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The occurrence of sexual selection was investigated in the cunner, Tautogolabrus adspersus (Walbaum), in Conception Bay, Newfoundland. Field observations show that the number of spawns was different between territorial males and, consequently, that sexual selection occurs among those males. Correlations between spawning success and physical and behavioural characteristics of territorial males indicate that the females tend to base their choice on maleâ€™s characteristics rather than on those of the territories. --  However, the ultimate goal of territoriality appears to be related to reproduction and, since territorial males spend most of their active time on their territories, a proximate goal is maintenance. Differences exist between sizes of males territories, and factors which could affect the size of those territories were investigated. Geophysical differences (influencing the defendability of territories) and food quantity and distribution inside territories are responsible for most of the variation between territory sizes. The occurrence of a previously undescribed type of behaviour in the cunner, termed â€˜peregrinationâ€™, is described.


identifier: Newton, Ronald Michael <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Newton=3ARonald_Michael=3A=3A.html>   (1978) Rhesus blood groups in familial Hodgkin's disease.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The aetiology of Hodgkin's disease is unknown, some studies suggest an environmental and others a genetical basis as the underlying cause: both are most certainly involved. As an isolated population which included a large kindred containing seven cases of Hodgkin's disease and fourteen cases of "related conditions" was available, the opportunity was taken to study the Rhesus blood group antigens in patients, relatives and others. Previous studies of random Hodgkin's disease patients had demonstrated an association with Rh (D) negative status, but there was no information concerning Rh haplotypes. -- The objectives were to study as many members of the population as possible, and using pedigree data to assign actual Rh geneotypes where possible; to use this data to compare haplotype frequencies of this population with that of the United Kingdom; and to compare frequencies for the patients and relatives of three disease groups, (Hodgkin's disease, immunodeficiencies and "embryonic tumours"), with two control groups in this population in order to seek association of Rh haplotypes with disease. -- All disease groups differed significantly from controls, the Hodgkin's disease and immunodeficiency groups were marked by a complete absence of R₀ and r", replaced by r. The embryonic deficiency group had an excess of r" and a corresponding deficiency of R₂. -- The whole population deviated significantly from the expected (U.K.) frequencies for all haplotypes but r". R₁ and R₂ were reduced, r', ry and R₂ were absent, while R₀ and r were elevated. These differences have been ascribed to founder effects. -- In conclusion, the association of Rh (D) negative status with Hodgkin's disease was strongly supported by this study, as there was an excess of Rh negatives in the population, this excess being confined to the kindred. Both R₀ and r" in this family appeared to be protective against Hodgkin's disease and immunodeficiency, but r" seemed to be involved in susceptibility to "embryonic tumours".


identifier: Marsh, Frank Gene <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Marsh=3AFrank_Gene=3A=3A.html>   (1976) The effects of mediation on the attitudes and achievement of mathematics students in student-directed and teacher-directed learning situations.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study was motivated by the increased use of multi-media and individualized instruction in the classroom. The present study was designed to investigate any effect of mediated (non-print) and non-mediated (print) instruction on mathematics attitudes, mathematics achievement, and the attitude-achievement relationship. The investigation was carried out using both student-directed and teacher-directed learning situations. -- One hundred eighteen grade seven mathematics students from an elementary school were randomly assigned to four treatment groups; student-directed mediated, student-directed, teacher-directed mediated and teacher-directed. The students were given a mathematics attitude and mathematics achievement pretest. At the end of the study the students were given a mathematics attitude and mathematics achievement posttest. From this, a sample of 100, 25 from each group, was randomly selected for analysis purposes. The pretest scores were used as covariates for analysis. -- A comparison of the mean attitude and mean achievement scores for the four treatment groups showed no significant difference in attitudes or achievement for any of the treatments. -- Significant correlations between mathematics attitudes and achievement were found on the pretest scores for the teacher directed group, overall teacher-directed strategy, overall mediated strategy and overall non-mediated strategy. -- Using the posttest scores of attitudes and achievement, significant correlations were found for the student-directed mediated group, student-directed and teacher-directed strategies, and overall mediated and non-mediated strategies. -- An interpretation of these findings for the groups must consider the limitation of the short duration of the study. -- The study concluded with several implications for education and some suggestions for further research.


identifier: Museo, Enrico. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Museo=3AEnrico=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1986) A comparative study on the effects of unilateral intranigral injections of substance P and substance K on circling behavior.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The effects of unilateral intranigral injections of substance P  and the newly discovered tachykinin, substance K, were compared using a rotometer to measure circling behaviour in rats. Various solutions were injected directly into the right substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNR), via chronically implanted guide cannulae. Substance P, substance K, apomorphine and saline were administered sequentially in each rat. This repeated measures design allowed for comparisons to be made with respect to the effects of each solution on circling. Separate groups were formed so that three different concentrations of substance P and substance K could be tested (Groups A, B, C received 8, 12 16 ug / .5 ul, in that order). Groups A, B, and C were pretreated with d-amphetamine, while Group D was not. All groups also received intranigral injections of apomorphine (15 ug / .5 ul) and saline. At a concentration of 12 ug, substance K significantly increased the amount of contralateral circling when compared with the effects of control administrations. These are the first data to indicate that substance K can elicit contraversive circling when administered unilaterally into the SNR. Concentrations of eight and 16 ug of substance K did not significantly increase contralateral circling. None of the three doses of SP elicited significantly more circling than did the saline. Apomorphine was ineffective at increasing circling in three groups, while it significantly increased contraversive circling in one group. In examining the results of the experiment, the effects of each solution are discussed. Explanations that may serve to clarity inconsistencies are proposed, and an effort is also made to reconcile these results with those reported in the relevant literature.


identifier: Macdonald, David A. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Macdonald=3ADavid_A=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1979) Process and change in the Newfoundland fishery : the Trawlermen's Strike of 1974-5.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The subject of this thesis is a labour dispute that took place in 1974-5, when unionised trawler fishermen in Newfoundland struck against fish companies, initially in support of a demand for higher fish prices. More specifically, the thesis deals with the rhetorical behaviour of the president of the union, Richard Cashin, during the course of the strike. The material upon which the study is based is drawn from contemporary press accounts of the strike, from interviews with key personnel involved in the strike and from other documentary and secondary sources. The successive chapters of the thesis introduce the participants in the strike, describe the historical background of unionisation in the province, give a history of the union involved, the NFFAW, recount the events of the strike and the rhetorical battle which accompanied it and, in the final chapter, the material presented in the previous chapter is analysed. The organisation of the thesis is based upon the scheme proposed by Hymes (1972) for the analysis and presentation of the ethnography of communicative behaviour. -- The central problems to which the thesis is addressed are the question of what part the union's publicity campaign played in the achievement of the final settlement of the strike and what implications this bore for Cashin's role as leader of the union. The theoretical framework for use in this thesis was adapted from Paine (1976), in which transactions are seen as communicative events. A novel concept, that of championship, was introduced to describe Cashin's relation to his followers. The thesis concludes that the publicity campaign worked in favour of the union side in the dispute, and that it was a positive factor in delineating the grounds upon which any settlement of the strike could be effected. It was also an important factor in normalising relations between Cashin and his followers during the strike.


identifier: Nurse, Leonard Alfred <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Nurse=3ALeonard_Alfred=3A=3A.html>   (1979) Recent climatic fluctuation on a small tropical island: the case of Barbados, West Indies.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Climate is nowhere invariant, it is ever changing. For many decades now climatologists have recognized this and have attempted to analyse and explain the magnitude, direction and spatial extent of such change. At the same time scientists have postulated several theories to account for known fluctuations and altogether a very extensive literature has been built up around the subject. Yet, there seems to be a relative dearth of detailed investigations of low-latitude climatic fluctuations; for the most part researchers in the past have tended to concentrate on analyses involving the middle and high latitudes. The present work, therefore, is offered as a contribution to a better understanding of climatic variation in a vastly neglected low-latitude region, the Caribbean. -- This study attempts to assess the magnitude and direction of recent climatic fluctuations on the island of Barbados. More specifically, it sets out primarily to identify long-term fluctuations and trends in the island's climatic data, as they may exist, since 1900. Throughout the analysis an attempt is made, wherever possible, to compare and relate these fluctuations and trends to postulated global and hemispheric changes and to other low-latitude climatic fluctuations and atmospheric circulation changes which have been recently observed. -- Chapter 1 provides a general introduction to the study area and focuses primarily on relevant background information relating to the island's climate. -- In Chapter 2 a comprehensive outline of the main types of data, data sources and methodological procedures is given. Here, a particular emphasis is placed on the main statistical techniques employed in the analysis. -- The following chapter is devoted to a full investigation of long-term fluctuations and trends identified for selected climatic parameters. These variables include air temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind velocity, sunshine hours, relative humidity and cloud cover. In the final part of this chapter there is a brief discussion of the relative merits of a few theories of climatic change. -- In the fourth chapter there is a detailed analysis of rainfall fluctuations across the island. This involves a thorough investigation of temporal variations in the island mean rainfall and also an analysis of the temporal and spatial patterns exhibited by seven selected rainfall stations. Partial explanations for these fluctuations are posited and an attempt is made to relate these patterns to observed hemispheric and tropical atmospheric circulation changes. -- Chapter 5 deals exclusively with fluctuations and changes in the frequency of the major synoptic scale systems which affect the island's weather. These systems include hurricanes, tropical storms and depressions and local convectional (thunder) storms. In this chapter there is also an attempt to examine the relationships between rainfall and these weather systems. -- Finally, chapter 6 is a concise summary of some of the major findings and results previously discussed; a very brief evaluation of the work is also given.


identifier: Mastropietro, Linda Gaze <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Mastropietro=3ALinda_Gaze=3A=3A.html>   (1978) The development and validation of an instrument designed to measure a pre-school child's ability to discern relationships in several perceptual arrays.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the applicability of an instrument used to distinguish various levels of proficiency in concept formation of children at the pre-school level. This instrument as designed permits a child to distinguish a relationship in a given group of perceptual arrays and then to verbalize it. By this means the abstract notion of "conceptualizing" can be turned into an objective task. -- The methodological constructs of the instrument were based on the conceptual process theories of Bolton, Bruner, Piaget, Polanyi, Rommetveit, Rommetveit and Kvale, and Taba. Without exception, all of these theorists hold that the ability to discern relationships in a perceptual array is an intimate aspect of initial conceptual processes. -- Fifteen tasks were devised which allowed children to make distinctions in perceptual arrays. Each subject's responses to the tasks were tape-recorded and later transcribed. Each distinction was rated according to the three-stage conceptual process theory of Rommetveit. Responses to the 15 tasks were rated a total of four times, by the medium of Rommetveit's notion of three stages in concept formation. The Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test was also administered to the same children. The instrument was administered to 17 children in attendance at Memorial University Pre-School in St. John's, Newfoundland. (This was the largest available target population.) -- Through the use of Pearson Product-Moment Coefficient Correlations, proficiency in rating the tasks using Rommetveit's three-stage concept formation theory was established. The statistics reflected a high correlation between the ratings of the task responses. Further, by the mechanics of Pearson Product-Moment Coefficients and factor analysis, a relationship was established between tested proficiency of the child and proficiency in the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test. The results indicated that the instrument clearly showed the emergence of two orthogonal dimensions. In light of the immediate data, neither of these dimensions apparently relates to the Peabody. -- It is suggested that further research be conducted to identify more specifically the dimensions in the designed instrument.


identifier: Anger, Dorothy C.(Dorothy Catherine) <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Anger=3ADorothy_C=2E=28Dorothy_Catherine=29=3A=3A.html>   (1983) Putting it back together : Micmac political identity in Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The Micmac Indians of Newfoundland, over the past ten years, have been engaged in a process of political and cultural renaissance. Having no defined legal Indian status, and with loss of their traditional social and cultural systems, they are using their history in conjunction with political activism to define their place in a province in which there are no registered Indians. -- This study examines the historical evolution of this cultural resurgence. Three related themes which underlie their actions also underlie the material presented in this thesis. The first is persistence of Indian identity despite, and perhaps because of, its stigmatisation. The second is a hermeneutic understanding of history which allows the past to act on the present in the self-conscious re-creation of a viable tradition. The third is association with pan-Indianism which transforms Indian identity from stigma to a source of pride. -- The theoretical framework understands politicisation of identity as discursive action, and formulates it in terms of 'renaissance' and 'revitalisation.' Renaissance applies to the reflexive use of a sense of peoplehood and the cultural foundations which support it. Revitalisation is the articulation of renaissance - the pragmatic strategies of survival and development by which a people alter or maintain their cultural whole. -- The first chapter introduces the people, their history, and the theoretical and ethnographic frameworks. The second chapter is a history of the Micmacs in Newfoundland from settlement of the island the time of Confederation. In Chapter 3, their history since 1949 and political development are discussed. Chapter 4 examines identity as communicative action and interpretation of history, illustrated by recent issues in Canadian native politics. The fifth chapter discusses the complexities of native identity in Newfoundland caused by the conflicting forces of stigmatisation and revitalisation. The concluding chapter examines the interplay of renaissance and revitalisation in terms of the value and utility of politicised symbols of cultural tradition. -- This thesis focuses on the interplay of history and political pragmatism in the development and maintenance of cultural identity. The Micmacs are working toward practical objectives in an often hostile environment but, more importantly to them, they are seeking a way of life coming out of their history.


identifier: Colbourne, William George <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Colbourne=3AWilliam_George=3A=3A.html>   (1978) The contribution of high school grades and public examination results to the prediction of first year performance in post-secondary technical programs at the College of Trades and Technology.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree to which first-year academic performance at the College of Trades and Technology, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada, could be predicted by a student's high school evaluation, public examination evaluation, and composite shared evaluation results. --  To carry out this study, a sample of 163 students was selected from courses in Business, Medical Sciences, and Engineering Technology at the College of Trades and Technology. For each subject in the sample final grades in each of the three measures of grade eleven performance were retrieved from the Department of Education public examination file and correlations were computed for each of these with first-year College grade point average. The major statistical procedure used in the study was the multiple regression analysis. The results of this investigation reveal that although the three predictors are approximately the same in their level of predictive accuracy, the combined shared evaluation results did predict significantly better than either of the two single predictors. --  It was recommended that reliability and validity studies of the shared evaluation system be undertaken in an attempt to improve predictive efficiency. Further study of the applicant pool, including the applicants' backgrounds, qualifications and other non-academic criteria, as well as a generalization of a study of this nature to investigate academic and non-academic criteria as predictors in other courses or other institutions, was recommended as a possible means of improving accurate prediction of academic performance.


identifier: Oakley, Wayne Frederick <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Oakley=3AWayne_Frederick=3A=3A.html>   (1976) A descriptive study of teacher interventions in laboratory groups of elementary science students.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study was designed to analyze teacher interventions in laboratory groups of elementary school students. It was designed as a descriptive study of interventions, with cross tabulations of certain variables. The study attempted to find information on the number and length of interventions, who initiated the interventions and for what reason, and to ascertain the outcome of the interventions. These variables were considered overall, and by group, class, and grade. The student variables of IQ, self-concept, extraversion and neuroticism were correlated with the student behavior variables of the proportion of sentences, solicits, responses, requests, and commands made during the intervention. The same student behavior variables during and outside the interventions were also studied. -- The sample consisted of ten elementary classes, from grade 2, 4, and 6. Two pairs of students from each class were observed using videotape. The lessons chosen for taping were activity oriented, having the development of processes as one of their main objectives. After videotaping was completed, students were administered the Junior Eysenck Personality Inventory, a Self-Concept questionnaire, and the Raven Colored Progressive Matrices, Sets A, Ab, B, designed to measure IQ. -- After all data were collected, typed transcripts were prepared from audio portions of the tapes. After the transcripts were edited, they were coded. Coded data was then keypunched with each unit of analysis on a separate card, and the punched data transferred to a computer disk file. Teacher intervention data was then isolated and analyzed. -- Considering intervention length and number, results indicated that overall the length of the interventions was relatively short, and the number of interventions was generally low. -- T-tests results in no significant difference for intervention length between groups within a class. Analysis of variance resulted in no significant differences between classes and between grades with respect to intervention length. -- A critical incidents techniques showed that teachers intervened mainly to give procedure and to solicit progress reports. Students generally initiated interventions to report observations or to give a progress report. Teachers requested more often than did students. Both teachers and students did very little reacting. -- Chi square tests showed that a significant relationship existed between the speaker and: (i) the type of pedagogical move, where teachers tended to solicit while students tended to respond; (ii) the use of gives, requests, and commands, where teachers tended to request more, and students tended to give more; (iii) the use of the Nature of Reference dimension, where both teachers and students tended to make reference to apparatus and individual results; and (iv) the use of the Rating dimension, where rating by both teachers and students was extremely low. Where rating did occur both teachers and students rated either positively or negatively. -- A chi square test resulted in no significant difference between speaker and the Substantive Logical dimension. -- Correlation analysis resulted in the student characteristic of extraversion being significantly positively correlated with the proportion of sentences made during the interventions. No other student characteristics were significantly correlated with student behavior variables under analysis. -- A comparison of some of the student behavior variables outside the interventions with the same student behavior variables during the interventions indicated definite change in student behavior patterns. The presence of the teacher appeared to change student behavior patterns.


identifier: Richard, Agnes M.(Agnes Mary) <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Richard=3AAgnes_M=2E=28Agnes_Mary=29=3A=3A.html>   (1987) A history of the formation and development of Jubilee Guilds/Women's Institutes of Newfoundland and Labrador.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Fifty-two years ago a tragedy gave birth to the present Newfoundland and Labrador Women's Institutes (formerly known as Jubilee Guilds), yet out of this tragedy has come good fortune for many women in outport Newfoundland. The organization was first formed in response to a disastrous tidal wave which devastated the south coast of Newfoundland in 1929. -- Through their educational programmes, Women's Institutes have earned the title "The Rural Women's University." The group merits this title because it has often been the principal source of information and training centering around concerns such as literacy, nutrition, health, and crafts. Here in Newfoundland, many rural communities had been, until recent times, isolated from sources of general educational services. It was only through a system which Jubilee Guilds and Women's Institutes sponsored, a matter of women helping and teaching other women, that this vital information was made available. -- This significant organizational effort has been part of the Newfoundland culture for more than fifty years. To date, very little of its development has been reported. An important aspect of Newfoundland outport life has been overlooked. There remains the distinct need to document this development before some very valuable first-hand personal accounts will have been lost forever.


identifier: Hodder, Amelia Rhoda <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Hodder=3AAmelia_Rhoda=3A=3A.html>   (1977) Reading remediation in a classroom setting : a report of one classroom teacher's search for a functional methodology.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Can a practising classroom teacher implement an extended remedial reading program within a normal classroom setting? -- Is it possible to identify a set of functional diagnostic instruments which could be used by the classroom teacher responsible for such a program? --  Within the limits of this present study, each of the questions above must be answered in the affirmative. -- The purpose of this internship was to carry out a remedial program within the regular classroom in order to improve the reading performance of a group of retarded readers. The subjects were six children clearly in need of remediation who were already members of the class. A number of tests currently in print were administered during the course of the program; one particular test of word recognition skills was found to be of significant value in this instructional setting: t test technique was employed to determine significance of test data; significant differences between results of pretest and posttest procedures were observed.


identifier: Taylor, Brian F. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Taylor=3ABrian_F=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1977) Report of an internship investigating flexible modular scheduling at Beaconsfield High School in the Province of Quebec.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The topic of special interest was flexible modular scheduling as it is organized at Beaconsfield High School. -- An Open-systems theory for research was used as the conceptual framework. Questions were derived from this theory to guide the investigation during the internship. -- The researcher was a participant observer utilizing focused and unfocused interview techniques to gather the information. -- The data were analyzed in light of the conceptual framework and recommendations were made for future organizational patterns in Newfoundland's high schools.


identifier: Moore, Thomas Richard. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Moore=3AThomas_Richard=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1977) A biography of Norman Duncan.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

title: A biography of Norman Duncan

abstract: This is the first attempt to write a scholarly biography of the important and neglected Canadian writer, Norman Duncan. Duncan was a prolific writer of 20 books and numerous stories and articles before his premature death in 1916. This paper is a result of interviews with the few remaining people who knew Duncan, and a study of his published and unpublished work. Most of Duncan's writing, and, as is the consensus among critics, his best work, dealt with Newfoundland and Duncan's reaction to it. During his first summer in Newfoundland in 1900, and in his subsequent visits to the island, Duncan was captivated and inspired by the fishermen of Newfoundland who eked a livelihood from so harsh an environment. Their struggle symbolized for Duncan man's struggle in a harsh and oppressive universe. Duncan's capacity to enter sympathetically into the life style of the people he described was demonstrated in his Newfoundland writings as well as in his stories about the Syrians in New York, the desert wanderers of Palestine and Egypt, and the settlers of Australia. This paper refers to the writings insofar as they elucidate the man's life story. His biography is traced from his birth in Brantford, Ontario, in 1871, to his untimely death in Fredonia, New York, in 1916. His work with various American newspapers and universities is discussed, as well as his acquaintance with Sir Wilfred Grenfell and W.L. Mackenzie King. His growing dependence upon alcohol, finally resulting in abject alcoholism, is discussed and related to the writings, especially in his final years. This paper is a correlation of all the existing and often contradictory facts and memories about the life of Norman Duncan.


identifier: Joy, John Lawrence <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Joy=3AJohn_Lawrence=3A=3A.html>   (1977) The growth and development of trades and manufacturing in St. John's, 1870-1914.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The growth of industrial production is a major hallmark in the development of most economies and the chief source of this growth is import substitution. While practically all income in Newfoundland was derived from the primary sector prior to 1870, the country made considerable efforts between 1870 and 1914 to stimulate an industrial transformation.  By 1914, however, the higher production, employment and income levels enjoyed in other countries with vibrant manufacturing sectors had not been achieved. While trades and manufacturing industries experienced some growth during this period, the rate of expansion was slow.  In 1870 small shops produced all of the locally-made goods, but by 1914 a small number of larger mechanized factories dominated the market, and most of the small businesses either disappeared or retailed and repaired imported or local factory-made products. The capital for the larger St. John's factories came chiefly from the retained earnings of the fish merchants. The major city merchants invested moderate sums in a number of incorporated companies protecting their export-import business through limited liability and spreading the risk over a number of different enterprises.  Inter-industry linkages within the trades and manufacturing sector and between it and other parts of the Newfoundland economy were rare and most machines and raw materials were imported. While the number of employees grew over the period, unemployment, poor wages and working conditions were common. The trades and manufacturing industries usually produced common and widely used products leaving specialized items to foreign suppliers. The St, John's trades and manufacturing industries were import substitution factories designed to serve the national market. While many of these firms succeeded in capturing the Newfoundland market with the help of the tariff, locational advantages and the nature of some of the products, the market was not large enough to support continued growth.  The import substitution model was not suitable for Newfoundland because of the size of the domestic market, the unbalanced availability of resources and raw materials and the inability of the country to prosper as a closed economy. The factories needed large and growing markets for single items in order to reach profitable economies of scale, while consumers demanded a wide variety of products and styles.  Practically all inputs used by St. John's trades and manufacturing industries were imported because they were simply not available in Newfoundland. Finally, the country's reliance on the export of fishery and other primary products and its dependence on imported raw materials and finished products established that Newfoundland was not, and was not likely to become, a closed economy capable of generating most of its natural resource and capital requirements, and capable of producing most of its intermediate, capital and consumer goods at a rate comparable to other Western market economies.  Import substitution, therefore, was not an appropriate strategy for Newfoundland. The trades and manufacturing sector needed export markets in order to contribute significantly to the transformation of the economy and to achieve the higher levels of production, employment and income characteristic of countries with dynamic secondary manufacturing.  Newfoundland should have concentrated on a manufacturing field where her resource and locational advantages were greatest and where her skills and entrepreneurship were keenest.  The vast bulk of Newfoundland's capital, expertise, entrepreneurial potential and locational advantages were centered in the fishing industry. The logical place to attempt to break into international markets was in the maritime trades and manufacturing industries. -- In conclusion, the potential for development of secondary manufacturing in Newfoundland was at best marginal given the small size of the domestic market, the dearth of managerial and labour skills in this field, the limited investment resources, the unbalanced availability of resources and raw materials, locational disadvantages, transportation costs and the need to develop foreign markets for manufacturing.


identifier: Gangopadhyay, Amitabha <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Gangopadhyay=3AAmitabha=3A=3A.html>   (1984) An analysis for digital protection of transformers.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis presents an analysis for digital differential protection of transformers. For digital differential protection of transformers, it is of utmost importance to test the algorithms on simulated data of both fault and magnetizing inrush currents. For this purpose, a detailed analysis of inrush current for both single and three-phased transformers are carried out. Computer software package programs are developed to simulate the inrush and fault currents. Measured waveforms of the inrushes are compared with the simulated waveforms and the harmonic contents of both the measured and simulated waveforms are analysed up to 4 cycles. There exists a reasonably good agreement between simulated and measured waves. -- Three algorithms are analysed for the digital differential protection purpose. Discrete Fourier technique has been used as the reference algorithm. Rectangular transform and Walsh function are analysed in detail for their suitability in microprocessor applications for both 16 and 8 samples/cycle basis. Their performances are compared with Discrete Fourier on 16 samples/cycle basis. Rectangular transform and Walsh function are tested on simulated inrush and fault current data under various switching conditions. It is found that the Rectangular transform converges more rapidly than the other transforms during a fault in the transformer. Finally, on-line implementation of this new digital relay is suggested in near future.


identifier: Spencer, Glenda Mary Noseworthy. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Spencer=3AGlenda_Mary_Noseworthy=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1976) The effects of audio cueing on the rate of teacher praise.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The effects of audio cueing on teacher praise rate was investigated in a special class of four children with behaviour problems. After establishing baselines on teacher praise rate and the children's constructive and inappropriate behaviours, auditory cues were given to prompt increased praising. Introduction of the cues significantly increased the teacher's praise rate and resulted in a generalized effect to non-cued periods. In addition, there was a concomitant increase in the frequency of the children's constructive behaviour and a decrease in the frequency of their inappropriate behaviour. It had been planned to introduce an audio cue to apply time-out in a multiple baseline fashion. However, when the frequency of inappropriate behaviour decreased with the increased praise rate, no opportunity arose to cue time-out. The results were interpreted as indicating that audio cueing is an effective teacher training technique.


identifier: Gustafson, Carol Lynne <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Gustafson=3ACarol_Lynne=3A=3A.html>   (1979) Personal and environmental predictors of well-being in the institutionalized elderly.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The well-being of 150 cognitively alert institutionalized senior citizens (thirty from each of five institutions), was measured by three predicted variables: Avowed Happiness, the Affect Balance Scale, and the Free Recall Task.  Both personal and environmental variables were utilized as predictors of well-being. Various multivariate analyses were performed on the data. --  Well-being as measured by the Avowed Happiness Scale was independently predicted by seven out of fourteen variables. Important personal predictors included: Financial satisfaction, perceived health, self-acceptance, religiosity and sex, while independently predictive environmental variables were: housing satisfaction and perceived autonomy. Four of the variables predictive of the Avowed Happiness Scale also explained independent variance in the Affect Balance Scale: financial satisfaction, self-acceptance, housing satisfaction, and religiosity. Activity, another personal predictor variable, was also an important predictor for the Affect Balance Scale, alone. Cognitive ability and self acceptance were independently predictive of the Free Recall Task. --  Only the subjectively and not the objectively derived environmental variables were predictive of well-being, while the interactions between three environmental and three personal variables were not predictive. The institutional samples differed marginally on both the predictor and predicted variables. Of the three measures of well-being, variance in Avowed Happiness was accounted for to the greatest extent by the predictor variables, in both the multiple regression and the canonical correlation analyses.


identifier: Smith, Joyce Elaine Anne (Murphy) <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Smith=3AJoyce_Elaine_Anne_=28Murphy=29=3A=3A.html>   (1983) The evaluation of toys : selection criteria and expert consensus.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This research examined, in an educational and developmental framework, expert consensus on toy evaluation criteria. The work was aimed at discovering  a) whether or not experts could concur about the "overall goodness" of toys, and b) whether particular characteristics of toys, namely their safety, durability, play value, educational-developmental value and interpersonal-social value were similarly viewed. -- The study asked five main questions: 1) Do raters perceive significant differences among the toys? 2) Do Academics and Practitioners rate toys in similar ways 3) Do individual experts agree in their ratings? 4) Is there agreement among the two groups of raters on the ratings of specific toys? and 5) Are there significant correlations between a) the overall goodness score and the summated variables score and b) the educational developmental value and play value scores? -- To answer these questions, six academics and six practitioners were asked to rate 62 pictorially presented toys on the six criteria listed above. Ratings were done on a 7-point Likert-type scale. From these ratings, six criterion variable scores plus one summative score were obtained.  -- While it was found that experts, as a group, concur in their rating of a toy, it was also found that the rating of a single expert may not necessarily be consistent with that of other experts. Post hoc analysis determined that for most variables, four expert's opinions are needed for a reliable rating. -- Results also suggest that the raters appeared to rate according to two possible factors, one reflecting the toy's construction and the other its use. Other significant trends are also noted. -- The findings of the study are discussed relative to Schmidt's (1973) views of development and education. Some limitations of the study and suggestions for future research are offered. -- It is suggested that the Toy Evaluation Instrument used in this study may be useful in further attempts to explore the potential of toys as educational aids. It is also suggested that much of the value of the work may be in its practical nature and in its implications for parent training.


identifier: Brebner, Mary Cecilia <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Brebner=3AMary_Cecilia=3A=3A.html>   (1981) School board reorganization in Campbellton, N. B. 1970-74: a sociological and historical study.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study was undertaken to discover the factors, both historic and sociological, for the reorganization of the Polyvalente Restigouche Senior High School Complex of Campbellton, New Brunswick from a single bilingual high school into two unilingual high schools.  This history traces the development of a territory by two language groups whose wishes were to educate their children in their own languages, preserving their cultures and religions. Each developed an educational system, but the services and facilities offered by the two groups were not equal. -- In the nineteen sixties, the government, in an effort to equalize services, changed the educational financing system and constructed many new schools, one of which was the Polyvalente Restigouche Senior High Complex on which this study is based. This school housed both language groups as a bilingual school. It remained as such for only three years, after which it was divided on language lines into two unilingual schools. During the three years, the Francophone community became more ethnocentric and with the threat of loss of their language organized to obtain a unilingual French high school. This they were able to accomplish through group solidarity and political action. A comparison is made between this and  a similar occurrence in Sturgeon Falls, Ontario, studied by Danielle Jutneau Lee and Jean Lapointe. -- This study is important, as with total immersion classes in French for English students, there will be a new need for bilingual high schools in the future.


identifier: Moores, Roderick David. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Moores=3ARoderick_David=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1976) A comparative study of the theoretical and actual methods of establishing standard times for crab processing.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Snow Crab processing is a labor intensive industry in Atlantic Canada having a comparatively short history. The present industry practices in Newfoundland for the catching, transportation and processing of crab are described with details also provided on the early years of industry development. -- Time Study and Methods, Time, Measurement techniques of work measurement were used in two Snow Crab processing plants: Ocean Harvesters Ltd., Ship Cove and Beothic Fish Processors Ltd., Valleyfield. Some of the processing operations in each plant were studied and the similarities and differences in each are discussed. Normal and standard times and output performances for the operations studied were calculated and compared using both work measurement systems. -- An example of a wage incentive system is proposed which is based on the use of work measurement techniques. Also, recommendations are made for the increased mechanization of processing techniques and improvements suggested for processing problems.


identifier: Goff, Gregory P. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Goff=3AGregory_P=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1977) Sensory basis of the orientation to a home site in the radiated shanny, Ulvaria Subbifurcata (Storer) 1839 (Pisces: Stichaeidae).  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The roles of olfaction and vision in the homing and orientation to a home site of Ulvaria subbifurcata were investigated. These were examined by studying the home site fidelity and the homing performance of normal, blind, and anosmic fish. The orientation to a home site at a distance of 33 m of normal, bilaterally blind, bilaterally anosmic and unilaterally blind and anosmic fish was also studied. The activity pattern of normal and sensory impaired fish was examined in the laboratory. The home site resighting of replaced normal and anosmic fish did not differ significantly while resightings of replaced blind fish were somewhat lower. However resightings in the home site following displacement did not differ for normal and blind fish while there was a significant decrease in the number of anosmic fish resighted. Significantly fewer anosmic fish were able to home following long distance compared to short distance displacements. When normal, anosmic and blind fish were held out of the home sites for 7+ weeks and then displaced, there was a significant decrease in the home site resighting of normal fish. Normal, bilaterally blind and unilaterally blind and anosmic fish were able to orient in the direction of the home site from 33 m away. Anosmic fish oriented in a direction significantly different from the home direction. From the orientation and homing experiments olfactory contact with the home site is considered to be the steering mechanism in homing. The home site fidelity and short distance homing of anosmic fish indicated vision may also be involved in recognition of the areas around the home site.


identifier: Bourne, Gerald W. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Bourne=3AGerald_W=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1979) Studies on the involvement of enkephalin in stimulation produced analgesia.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Similarities between stimulation and opiate analgesia, together with the recent identification of central nervous system opiate receptors and endogenous opiate peptides has led to the proposal that periaqueductal gray (PAG) endorphins modulate pain perception. The specific hypothesis that PAG stimulation induces analgesia by the release of enkephalin was evaluated in rats using a specific competitive enkephalinase inhibitor (Gly-Gly-Phe-Met). -- In three studies the enkephalinase inhibitor was administered intracerebrally two millemeters caudal to an analgesia producing stimulation electrode in the PAG. Analgesia was assessed at two minute intervals using the tail flick test. Study I demonstrated that the enkephalinase inhibitor potentiated in intensity and duration the analgesic action of sub maximal PAG stimulation in a naloxone reversible manner. In Study II the potentiation effect on stimulation produced analgesia was shown to be directly dependent on enkephalinase inhibitor dose and was completely reversed by naloxone. In Study III using specific norepinephrine (6-OHDA) and serotonin (5.7-DHT) neurotoxins a serotonergic mechanism was shown to mediate enkephalinase inhibitor action. Additionally in these studies administration of enkephalinase inhibitor in the absence of stimulation was found to produce an attenuated naloxone reversible dose dependent analgesia. This antinociceptive action was also abolished by a spinal serotonin lesion. -- It was concluded that enkephalin within the PAG was released by stimulation and activated opiate receptors thereby producing analgesia. Thus endogenous enkephalin modulates the perception of pain.


identifier: House, Linda <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/House=3ALinda=3A=3A.html>   (1987) A literature approach to writing in a grade four remedial class.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the success of using children's literature as a stimulus and a model for creative writing with a group of grade four remedial students. -- Selections from literature were read to the children over a five-month period and specific literary techniques in the stories were discussed and analyzed. The techniques studied were beginning, sequence, ending, names, characterization, title, sentence structure, vocabulary, dialogue, personal/emotional quality, and sensory impressions. -- Samples of the student's own writings were collected and assessed to determine any indication of growth or improvement during the study. Analysis of their stories showed that all students in the group imitated some of the techniques that had been studied in the literature. The extent to which this occurred and the continued inclusion of the particular literary elements in their own stories varied among the children in the group. -- A positive change in the students' attitudes towards creative writing was also detected.


identifier: Patterson, Donna Lee <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Patterson=3ADonna_Lee=3A=3A.html>   (1980) Sensitivity to facial expressions as a function of group experience : holistic theory and nonverbal communication.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This research examined nonverbal communication (NVC), namely the decoding of facial affect, in light of a holistic theoretical framework. Primarily a study of communication, this work was aimed at discovering whether or not accuracy in decoding facial affect increased as a function of group/laboratory experience. Twenty-seven subjects (18 experimental and 9 control) took part. All subjects completed a test battery which included the Affect Recognition Scale (ARS), a measure of sensitivity to facial affect. This instrument, based on the work of Ekman and associates (1975), consisted of a series of slides depicting six affect categories--happy, sad, fear, anger, surprise, disgust, each at three intensity levels--slight, moderate and extreme. The Q-Sort, a measure of personal congruence, plus a questionnaire on the nature of group experience were also used as part of the test battery. Each administration of these instruments (pre- and post-) yielded one correlation for the Q-Sort plus a series of scores on the ARS. -- While the mean for both groups changed in a positive direction on the Q-Sort, this change was not statistically significant. There was a statistically significant change on the overall mean of the ARS for the control group on the post-administration. As well on the post, there was a significant difference between groups on one of the ARS subtests. Other non-significant trends were discussed. -- Holistic theory as well as Dabrowski's theory of positive disintegration were used in the discussion of these results. A number of limitations of the study and suggestions for future research were also presented. -- The methodology used in this study may be useful in further attempts to understand the development and theoretical basis of NVC. Much of the value of the work lies in its exploratory heuristic nature and in its attempt to evolve theoretical directions for future NVC research.


identifier: McNeil, James Kevin <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/McNeil=3AJames_Kevin=3A=3A.html>   (1979) The effect of a self-government program on aggressive behaviour with institutionalized delinquent adolescents.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Evidence is available which suggests that peers influence inappropriate behaviour among delinquent adolescents. Other studies have shown peers to be effective behaviour modifiers. This investigation combines these findings to study the effect of a self-government program on decreasing the level of aggression of institutionalized delinquent adolescents. --  Subjects ranged in age from 14 to 16 (mean = 15.2). The number of subjects varied from 22 to 31 during the four months of this experiment, with equal numbers of boys and girls. The institution provided a contingency management program utilizing points as secondary reinforcers. --  Three measures of verbal and physical aggression were used to assess the efficacy of the experimental procedure: (a) the frequency of recorded staff punishment for the inappropriate behaviour categories of verbal or physical aggression, (b) surreptitious observations of aggressive behaviour during a daily recreation period, and (c) rating of social skills in response to provocative situations presented on audiotape. --  The residents were told that during the experimental period staff would not levy fines for the inappropriate behaviour categories of verbal and physical aggression. They were asked to propose their own set of rules for aggressive behaviour, to charge rule violators, to conduct court trials according to prescribed procedures, and to decide upon appropriate penalties. --  An ABAB withdrawal design was used to assess the effect of the self-government. --  Self-government did not differentially affect the level of fineable behaviour recorded by the staff. The rate of aggressive behaviour observed in recreation periods decreased markedly to .038 per person per minute in both experimental periods from .062 in the initial baseline and .054 in the withdrawal period. Social skills assessment revealed a minor change as a result of self-government. --  While the self-government program appears to have been effective in reducing interpersonal aggressive behaviour, the nature of the effective contingencies is unclear.


identifier: Dalley, Edgar L. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Dalley=3AEdgar_L=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1978) Studies on the biology of sexually mature male salmon parr, Salmo salar (Linnaeus) 1758, in insular Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Precocious male Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) parr were investigated in eastern, central and western areas of insular Newfoundland. The percent precocity varied in different areas, but Placentia Bay samples generally had a higher incidence. The proportions of male parr maturing increased beyond age 1+. Limited evidence indicated that precocity at age 0+ is rare. -- Maturing males were larger than immature males at 1+ in all samples and significantly larger in one sample. Older precocious males were not larger than immature males of the same age indicating that maturity begins earlier in fast growing fish but that growth consequently slows down. Faster growth appeared to be related to precocity within a particular system but this relationship was not especially apparent in comparisons between systems Overlap of 95% confidence intervals placed around eviscerated weights (calculated from regression equations) at corresponding lengths indicated no difference between weights for mature and immature parr. However the length-weight relationship was lower for precocious (spent) smolt than for immature smolt in larger length classes. -- Sex ratios of each age group of the samples were often found to differ significantly from 1:1. Possible causes for these deviations are discussed in terms of sex-related distribution patterns and mortality of precocious parr. Evidence is presented from certain sex ratios and from a tagging program that precocious males move upstream to spawn and circumstantial evidence indicates that they spawn with adult females. -- Sex ratios in freshwater following the smolt run and of the smolt run indicates that most precocious parr do not migrate as smolts. The younger parr (1+ and 2+) may mature again while it appears most 3+ and older parr have a high mortality. -- Existing data indicate that rivers with a high percentage of sexually precocious males have a corresponding high percentage of adult females, most likely as a result of few male smolt.