identifier: Shrimpton, Mark <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Shrimpton=3AMark=3A=3A.html>   (1975) Urban ecological differentiation and patterns of social visiting: a case study of St. John's, Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Studies of urban social differentiation have primarily adopted either a “structuralist”, macro-approach or a “behaviouralist” micro-approach to the delineation of sub-areas. In the former the objective is the spatial disaggregation of the city on the basis of the characteristics of the entire population, while the behaviouralist approach attempts an identification of sub-areas on the basis of common patterns of individual behaviour, attitudes and/or perceptions. This thesis consists of a structuralist analysis of the social differentiation of the city of St. John’s, Newfoundland, and an examination of the relationship between the dimensions of the differentiation so derived and one aspect of social behaviour, informal social visiting. As such it is a partial test of the assumption that structurally defined spatial units are also behavioural units, and of the degree to which locale is of importance to the social visiting behaviour of the populations of different sub-areas. - Description of the social differentiation of St. John’s is accomplished by an R-mode principal components analysis of thirty-nine census variables at the enumeration area scale. Despite this use of small area data the three classical dimensions of differentiation (socio-economic status, family status and segregation) emerge, with segregation based on religious differentiation. Other components extracted reflect participation in the labour force and housing. - Data on social visiting behaviour were gathered by a questionnaire survey of a sample of residents of twelve selected enumeration areas. Analysis of the patterns of social visiting reveals geographic distance to be a strong constraint on informal social interaction, even when the effects of variations in the distributions of potential contacts and the non-independence of geographic and social distance measures are minimized. Evaluation of the effects of social (factorial) distance is concentrated on the three main components extracted. Socio-economic and religious status differentiation are found to be significant constraints on social visiting. However, in the case of both geographic and social distance, it is found that there are systematic differences between their effects on the visiting behaviour of populations according to their social (factorial) characteristics.


identifier: Blake, Hayward Cecil <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Blake=3AHayward_Cecil=3A=3A.html>   (1984) A study of selected characteristics of schools and school libraries that affect or influence the level of library service in the secondary schools of Newfoundland and Labrador.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

type: Thesis NonPeerReviewed

format: application/pdf application/pdf

abstract: This study was designed to investigate the selected characteristics of schools and school libraries that affect or influence the level of library service in the secondary schools of Newfoundland and Labrador. A questionnaire was constructed and forwarded to a representative sample of High Schools across Newfoundland and Labrador. The data compiled from the questionnaire were subjected to the multiple regression analysis to determine if a significant relationship existed between the independent and the dependent variables. The testing of the hypotheses revealed that two selected characteristics of schools and school libraries significantly influenced library service. The study concluded that the attitude of the principal is a significant factor affecting the total library service as well as its various components and that the attitude of the teaching staff is a significant factor influencing information services.


identifier: Barter, Geraldine <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Barter=3AGeraldine=3A=3A.html>   (1986) A linguistic description of the French spoken on the Port-au-Port Peninsula of western Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study is a general survey of linguistic aspects of the French dialect spoken in several small communities on the Port-au-Port Peninsula in western Newfoundland. The study is based on tape-recorded folktales and interviews of free conversation with informants from these French communities made in the past fifteen years, with added interpretations attained from the author’s native experience with the dialect. -- The study is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is a resume of the main historical events leading to the establishment of French settlers on the Newfoundland shores and a discussion of the history of this small population to the present. -- Chapter II gives a general description of the grammar and syntax of the language. Noun, pronoun, adjective and verb forms are described and each point discussed, with few exceptions, is illustrated by direct quotations from the recorded corpus. -- Chapter III is a study of the vocabulary of the local French language, arranged in the following categories: The Land, The Sea, The Family, Human Affairs and Social Attitudes, and Other Terms, all presented with evidence of local pronunciation and typical contexts. This chapter concludes with a section on anglicisms used in the speech of the inhabitants. - The final chapter describes aspects of the phonology of the local speakers, with an account of the distinctive consonants, vowels, diphthongs, and an indication of their principal phonetic qualities. The following features in particular, are discussed: palatalization, voicing and unvoicing, and methathesis. -- The study concludes with a selection of transcriptions of the connected speech of speakers from three of the main French-speaking communities, presented in a form of spelling suggesting the pronunciation.


identifier: Cokes, Edward Gordon <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Cokes=3AEdward_Gordon=3A=3A.html>   (1973) The spatial patterns of log cutting in Bay d'Espoir, 1895-1922.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: There are few studies by geographers or others on the spatial patterns of log cutting and, as far as is known, the topic has not been examined at a micro-level. This thesis attempts to analyze the spatial behaviour of a small group of loggers operating in the forests around Head Bay d'Espoir, southern Newfoundland, between 1895 and 1922, This inner portion of the bay was settled after 1850 mainly from coastal settlements immediately to the south. Nine small settlements, containing about 550 persons by 1890, were established around the inner bay. A multiple resource economy based on logging, farming, hunting, trapping, and fishing evolved. Commercial logging became significant after 1895, with the introduction of the first local sawmill. Prior to this, the technology of logging comprised essentially the manually operated axe and sled and this technology persisted until 1903, by which time hauling distances extended one half mile inland from most waterways. It was no longer economically feasible to haul logs manually, so animal draft was introduced. -- The hypothesis tested in this dissertation was that this technological change resulted in a change from a basically linear pattern of cutting along waterways to an inland, lateral pattern of expansion. This change in technology also resulted by 1922 in quadrupling the area exploited in 1905, despite increased physiographic, economic, cultural and political impediments. -- The thesis is arranged chronologically, with chapters on the influx of settlers and pre-sawmill cutting, the sawmill era, technological innovation and the changing spatial patterns of cutting. There is an introductory chapter on methodology and one on the ecology of the forest. The basic hypothesis was validated, and the reasons for the changing spatial patterns are discussed in detail in the conclusions.


identifier: Holland, David Michael <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Holland=3ADavid_Michael=3A=3A.html>   (1987) A numerical method for the coastal-trapped wave problem.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: A numerical method is presented to solve the coastal-trapped wave (CTW) problem. The method is the explicitly shifted inverse power algorithm for the generalized eigenvalue problem. Problems non-linear in the eigenvalue, such as the dispersive baroclinic CTW problem, are addressed by expressing them as linear problems of expanded dimension. The novelty of the technique is its ability to compute complex eigenvalues directly. -- In this thesis two applications of the method are presented. First, the effect of stratification on CTW's is investigated by determining their dispersion characteristics. These are computed for both real propagating and complex evanescent wavenumber solutions. Second, the influence of a mean alongshore current on CTW's is studied. The results are compared to observations made along the eastern Australian coast.


identifier: Moores, Keith W.(Keith Wade) <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Moores=3AKeith_W=2E=28Keith_Wade=29=3A=3A.html>   (1987) A study of personal and social variables affecting voluntary student attrition during Junior Division at Memorial University of Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study dealt with the personal and social variables affecting voluntary student attrition during Junior Division at Memorial University of Newfoundland. The study was conducted on a random sample of 66 students, one year after they completed Junior Division. Thirty-three of these students persisted beyond Junior Division; the remaining 33 voluntarily dropped out for at least one semester. In addition, descriptive data consisting of the sex, residence before attending Memorial University of Newfoundland, high school graduated from, and high school grade point average were obtained for an additional 216 students. One hundred and eight of these students persisted beyond Junior Division; the remaining 108 voluntarily dropped out for at least one semester. -- The Institutional Integration Scale (as developed by Ernest T. Pascarella and Patrick T. Terenzini) was completed by the respondents to assess their Junior Division experiences at Memorial University of Newfoundland. The 33 voluntary dropouts also completed seven open-ended questions (developed by the writer) requesting more descriptive information pertaining to their Junior Division experiences. -- The descriptive data list was statistically analyzed using the Chi-square Test of Independence. Data from the Institutional Integration Scales were analyzed using the Chi-square and one-way-analysis of variance statistical procedures. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze data obtained from the Additional Questions section of the questionnaire. -- Results of the study indicated that the sex of a student was not significantly related to his/her decision to voluntarily drop out or to persist. However, the place of residence prior to attending Junior Division, high school graduated from, and high school grade point average were significantly related. Specifically, more voluntary dropouts: (1) had not been from the local area and were required to relocate in order to attend Junior Division; (2) had attended more urban high schools; and (3) had obtained lower high school grade point averages, compared to the persisters. The voluntary dropouts were also significantly less certain of their institutional and goal commitments, their interpersonal relationships with other students, and their intellectual development. -- Recommendations were developed to assist students in making the transition from high school to Junior Division at Memorial University of Newfoundland. In addition, specific recommendations to university officials were made stressing the importance of assisting the Junior Division student to become socially integrated into the university environment.


identifier: Barker, Andrew <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Barker=3AAndrew=3A=3A.html>   (1981) A report on the development of instructional units entitled Logging with the A.N.D. Company, 1909-1960 and Logging with Price (Newfoundland) : summer operations.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This report was submitted in conjunction with the slide/tape productions, Logging with the A.N.D. Company 1909-1960 and Logging with Price (Nfld.): Summer Operations. -- The programs were originally produced to fulfill the need for Newfoundland instructional materials on logging in the Grade Six geography program. -- The initial production stages the programs were evaluated by professional foresters, former loggers, a classroom teacher, and the developer's faculty advisor. -- For the Formative Evaluation the programs were tested with Grade Six classes at elementary schools in Buchans and Grand Falls. The testing results showed that the desired levels of learning had not been achieved. The developer and faculty advisor re-examined the programs and revisions were made. -- In the Summative Evaluation the developer tested the programs with a Grade Five class in Goulds. The results were encouraging, but the desired level of learning was not fulfilled. Nevertheless, based on the testing results, the positive reactions of the audiences, and the suggested use of the programs by the classroom teacher in Goulds, the developer recommends that the programs be used as an integral part of the logging unit in the Grade Five geography program.


identifier: Roth, Helmut K. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Roth=3AHelmut_K=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1994) A bivariate spline collocation solution of the Korteweg-de Vries equation.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The Korteweg-deVries (KdV) equation is solved numerically using bivariate spline collocation methods. Our methods permit one or two collocation points in time with an arbitrary number of collocation points in space. The basis functions for the underlying spline spaces are β-splines (in space) and Lagrange polynomials (in time). Numerical experiments show that collocation at two Gauss points in both space and time yields accurate solutions very efficiently. There is numerical evidence for fourth-order convergence in time (at the mesh points), but this is not proved. Using a suite of well known test problems, the methods are compared with the classical method of Zabusky and Kruskal, a convenient and frequently used reference standard for numerical KdV solvers.


identifier: Parsons-Chatman, Sharon <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Parsons-Chatman=3ASharon=3A=3A.html>   (1979) The effect of age, sex, IQ, and functional grade level upon the performance of subjects on a measure of abstract learning ability.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of age, sex, IQ, and functional grade level on the classification ability of adult and non-adult subjects. The theory presented suggested that age IQ, and. functional grade level would affect classification ability whereas sex would have no effect. -- The sample for testing these hypothesized relationships consisted of six groups (195 subjects); three groups of adults and three groups of non-adults categorized on the basis of their functional grade level. The non-adult subjects were selected from those subjects in attendance in educational institutions at the public school level, whereas adult subjects were chosen from adult education centers and a post-secondary institution. The age range for adult subjects was 16.5-51.1 years, with an age range of 9.4-17.6 years for non-adult subjects. -- The Test of Natural Phenomena, an instrument designed to measure classification ability was administered individually to all subjects included in the study. At that time information was also obtained on the independent variables, age, sex, IQ, and functional grade level. -- Regression analysis was conducted on the four predictor variables (age, sex, IQ, and functional grade level) to establish their effect on the classification ability of adult and non-adult subjects. It was found that the four predictor variables accounted for 55% of the variance in the classification ability of adults and 33.7% for non- adults. In the case of adult subjects functional grade level, and IQ were significant whereas age and sex were insignificant. For non-adult subjects functional grade level, IQ, and age were significant but sex was insignificant. These findings supported the original hypotheses with the only exception being the finding that the predictor variable age was insignificant in the case of adult subjects.


identifier: Winter, Ruth Neilson <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Winter=3ARuth_Neilson=3A=3A.html>   (1981) A report on the development of an instructional unit entitled An introduction to community study.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of this project was to develop an instructional unit to be used in teaching social studies to primary grade children in schools in Newfoundland and Labrador. The specific purpose of the unit was to introduce Grade Two students to community study using their own community as an introductory example. -- The format chosen to accomplish this purpose was a detailed Teacher Guidebook and a slide-tape presentation. -- The instructional unit was produced following a specific plan for instructional development. The content and format of the unit was based on informal and formal evaluation by educators at the government, school board and classroom level, and content and media experts at Memorial University. -- The unit was piloted in a Grade Two classroom. A written student test was administered after the unit was completed by this group. The test results obtained by this group were compared to those obtained by another Grade Two class, which was considered to be equivalent, that did not receive any instruction. Statistical analyses of the posttest results of these two groups indicated that significantly more learning had taken place in the class that had completed the instructional unit. -- Seven classroom teachers were given the unit to read and were asked to evaluate it through a questionnaire. The results of this evaluation and the formal evaluation showed a very favorable reaction from both teachers and students to the use of this instructional unit in Grade Two classrooms.


identifier: Woods, Michael J. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Woods=3AMichael_J=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1975) The appalling mysteries: the vision of love in Graham Greene's novels.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that each of Graham Greene’s novels is obsessively concerned with “. . . the appalling mysteries of love moving through a ravaged world.” I do not wish to suggest that this obsession is absent from his other creative works, for an obsession, an overriding preoccupation, cannot be commanded to appear or depart as one chooses; however, because of this paper’s nature, I have limited this study to the “novels”, which are generally considered Greene’s most serious and important works, for they stress character development rather than physical action which is emphasized by the “entertainments” -- the very nature of the latter demands that the pace be maintained by revealing character quickly and accurately. The entertainments lack the subtlety and profundity of the novels, for they do not stress the supernatural consequences of human actions. The novels, for Greene, seem to have a more serious purpose and perspective. The entertainments, plays, short stories, essays and travel books are referred to when they illustrate a particularly relevant point. -- Since Greene did not explore his vision in chronological order, I have not examined his novels in this order. Instead, I have attempted to group the works according to the particular aspect of love with which each is concerned. This procedure provides a more complete and concentrated view of complex ideas which are frequently presented as integral parts of several novels. -- Two books usually classified as novels have been omitted from this study. The Name of the Action and Rumor at Nightfall, Green’s second and third published novels, are crude and exaggerated works which have been regarded as juvenilia by critics and refused republication by Greene who has completely rejected them: “There is no spark of life in The Name of the Action or Rumor at Nightfall because there was nothing of myself in them.” I agree with the contention of David Lodge here expressed: “Greene has excluded these two novels from the Uniform Edition of his works, and there seems no justification for resurrecting them in a study as short as the present one.”


identifier: Miller, Brian <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Miller=3ABrian=3A=3A.html>   (1987) An examination of the incidence of giftedness among young offenders.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: During the first half of this century it was generally accepted that anti-social youth were significantly under represented among gifted individuals. Since the 1950's, the definition of giftedness has gradually broadened to include specific areas of human ability other than general intelligence. Recently, a few investigators have presented evidence supporting the hypothesis that gifted individuals are over-represented in a juvenile delinquent population. For the purpose of clarifying the contradictory evidence about the representation of gifted persons among delinquent youth, this study examined three types of giftedness in a sample of young male offenders, namely intelligence, academic achievement, and creativity. The results suggest that the representations of gifted persons among young male offenders depends upon the type of giftedness chosen to determine the incidence level.


identifier: Tremblett, Gwen J. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Tremblett=3AGwen_J=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1984) An analysis of policy development in selected Newfoundland school boards.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of this study was to analyze and describe the nature of various aspects of policy making in three selected Newfoundland school boards. Particular attention was paid to the political components of policy and policy development, educational governance and communication patterns. Superintendents, board chairmen, board members, senior administrators and program coordinators participated in the study. A questionnaire, adapted from one used by Coleman (1979), was administered to all participants. In addition, a structured interview was conducted with each superintendent and chairman. An overall response rate of 81% was obtained. -- Data collected from the questionnaire were analyzed in two parts. Part A was coded and means were calculated for each area of difficulty in policy making. Means for Part B indicated the response of each group toward the appropriate level of involvement for school board members, administrators and denominational representative in seven major policy areas. The structured interview data were recorded, coded and divided into areas of distinct response. A composite profile of each interviewee was then constructed around the major aspects of policy making. Finally, questions posed in the statement of the problem were answered. -- Findings and conclusions from the study indicate that policy making in the three selected school boards tends to follow the rational mode. Hence, one is left to speculate on a possible closed system approach to policy making. Administrators play a dominant role in policy development with the superintendent being the primary initiator and presentor of policy issues. Response patterns from all groups give support to this practice. Although perceptions of a definition of policy are similar to those found in literature, descriptions of the nature of policy lead one to infer that existing policy more closely resembles administrative rules for day-to-day district operation. Communication patterns are largely formal with the superintendent acting as mediator in policy issues. -- Recommendations for action included inservice for policy makers, the development of guidelines for policy making, written policy handbooks, graduate courses in policy studies and an examination of school board / interest group interactions. Recommendations for further study included an examination of the superintendent's position as well as existing relationships between various educational agencies, the nature of policy in school boards, the impact of interest group activity on educational policy making and political communication patterns.


identifier: Tulk, Bertram Richard <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Tulk=3ABertram_Richard=3A=3A.html>   (1984) An examination of press coverage and public comment on educational issues.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study was conducted to assess the volume and nature of the treatment of education by the press and the public, as contained in the opinionated sections of daily newspapers. The researcher also sought to determine the nature of the relationship between press coverage and public comment on educational issues. -- The data for the study were obtained by examining the opinionated sections - editorials, columns, letters to the editor, and articles - published in the three daily newspapers of Newfoundland and Labrador during a five-year period, from January 1, 1979 to December 31, 1983. All items concerned with primary, elementary, and secondary education were classified in order to make possible a description of  the volume and nature of the treatment. -- Some of the general findings which resulted from this analysis were: -- 1. The volume of press and public expressions directed towards education fluctuated over the period, the amount being proportionate to the degree of controversy surrounding specific issues at a particular time. -- 2. Although much press coverage and public comment was classified as being critical of educational decisions and practices, almost all of these items were aimed at improving the quality of education. -- 3. Issues related to teachers, the curriculum, and school administration ranked among the top four issues in volume with both press coverage and public comment. -- 4. Student-related issues were treated favourably by the press and the public. The press were completely supportive of denominational education, while public contributors gave favourable treatment to teacher-related matters. The majority of press coverage and public comment was classified as being critical towards bussing, the curriculum, and the reorganized high school program. -- 5. Public contributors were more prone than members of the press to voice strong positions on issues, the former embodying more critical, more supportive, and less neutral statements than the latter. -- 6. Press and public responses to previously-published items were predominantly contrary to opinions voiced by the instigating writers. However, members of the press tended to agree with the instigating items more often than did public respondents.


identifier: Taaffe, Greg <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Taaffe=3AGreg=3A=3A.html>   (1983) An investigation into the Van Hiele levels and proof-writing achievement of level 1 geometry students in Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The main purpose of this study was to determine the van Hiele levels and proof-writing achievement of grade 10 students in Newfoundland. Another aspect of the study was to determine the relationship between students' van Hiele levels and their proof-writing achievement. Other concerns of this study included trying to determine any sex-related differences between van Hiele levels and proof-writing achievement. -- The sample consisted of 201 students on the Avalon Peninsula in the province of Newfoundland. Each student was administered two tests. One test attempted to determine the students' van Hiele level; the other test was given to determine the students' proof-writing achievement. The tests were administered over a two-week period in latter part of May, 1983. -- The average van Hiele level was found to be 2.29 and 1.45 using the 3 of 5 and 4 of 5 criteria respectively for the classical van Hiele theory. The average van Hiele levels for the modified van Hiele theory were found to be 2.22 and 1.45 using the 3 of 5 and 4 of 5 criteria respectively. -- A significant relationship was found between the students' assigned van Hiele levels and their proof-writing achievement. No sex-related differences were found between students' van Hiele levels and their proof-writing achievement.


identifier: Boone, Wilbert Arthur <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Boone=3AWilbert_Arthur=3A=3A.html>   (1984) An investigation of the Van Hiele levels of thinking in geometry at the beginning of the ninth grade.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study was motivated by the controversy which exists over the approach to teaching geometry in grade nine. Which approach should be used to teach geometry at this grade level: inductive or deductive? This has been an issue of concern in Newfoundland and Labrador during the last five years. -- The main purpose of the study was to investigate the level of thinking of grade nine students in geometry at the beginning of the school year. A second important aspect of the study was related to the text materials used to teach the geometry strand in grade eight. Also, it was attempted to determine if the mental development of grade nine students in geometry in Newfoundland and Labrador differed from those of students in the United States. -- The sample consisted of 1 004 grade nine students at the beginning of the school year in Newfoundland and Labrador. However, 75 students were eliminated from the sample because they were repeating grade nine (46) or using an alternative textbook series (29). Consequently, 929 students were included for data analysis. -- The students were required to provide information relative to their grade last year, the textbook used to study geometry in grade eight, and placement in grade nine this school year: advanced, academic, or practical. This information was utilized in data analysis. -- The students were administered a modified version of the van Hiele Geometry Test. This test included four levels of multiple-choice questions: Recognition, Analysis, Ordering, and Deduction. There were five questions at each level for a total of 20 questions. -- The students were classified according to the van Hiele theory of mental development in geometry. Each student was assigned a level: Recognition, Analysis, Ordering, or Deduction. It was possible to classify  88.7 percent of the sample using a criterion of 3 out of 5 items correct at each level. When a criterion of 4 out of 5 items correct at each level was applied, it was possible to classify 95 percent into a van Hiele level. In the case of 3 out of 5, the majority of students were at the recognition and analysis levels of the van Hiele theory. In the case of 4 out of 5, the majority of students were at the recognition level or below recognition level. The major find of the investigation was that students at the beginning of grade nine are not prepared for deductive reasoning according to the van Hiele model. -- The second major conclusion related to the textbooks used to teach geometry in grade eight and the level of thinking of students at the beginning of grade nine. It was found that the level of thinking of students in geometry at the beginning of grade nine was independent of the textbook used for geometry instruction in grade eight when a criterion of 3 out of 5 was applied. However, a significant difference was found when the 4 out of 5 criterion was used. The level of thinking in geometry was dependent on the text used for geometry instruction. -- The third major conclusion related to homogeneous populations and levels of mental development in geometry. There was a significant difference in the level of mental development in geometry of grade nine students in Newfoundland and Labrador and those in the United States. The level of cognitive development in geometry was higher for students in the United States.


identifier: Gravel, Carolyn Mary. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Gravel=3ACarolyn_Mary=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1987) Alternative reproductive tactics and growth of male cunners, Tautogolabrus adspersus (Walbaum), in Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Alternative reproductive tactics utilized in two separate populations of the Newfoundland male cunner, Tautogolabrus adspersus, were investigated for tradeoffs between sperm production and somatic growth. One population in Broad Cove, Conception Bay, consisted of pair spawning territorial males and nonspawning preterritorial males. A second population at Norris Point, Bonne Bay, contained group spawning nonterritorial males. The parameters measured from prespawning and postspawning samples of both populations were total length, eviscerated body weight, gonad weight, and age. These variables and a gonadosomatic index were tested for differences between the three reproductive types of males mentioned above. Results indicated that gonad weights and gonadosomatic indices per age class were significantly greater in group spawning males than in preterritorial males younger than 15 years. The same was found for gonad weight per unit body weight at age, thereby supporting the prediction that group spawners invest heavily in sex products early in life.  Group spawning provides an opportunity for a female's eggs to be externally fertilized by many males, and large gonadal investments in group spawning males are probably a result of sperm competition. -- Length and body weight at age of the male group spawning population at Norris Point were significantly less than those of the preterritorial male population at Broad Cove. Body size differences were slight, however, suggesting no significant tradeoff between high sperm production and decreased somatic growth rate. A tradeoff between high sperm production and reduced longevity of group spawning males was suggested by the absence of older (> 9 years) males at the group spawning site (Norris Point) as compared to high frequencies of similar aged males at the pair spawning site (Broad Cove). Age frequencies of females were the same between both populations. -- Within the Broad Cove population, territorial males invested more energy in gonads than preterritorial males. Successful territorial males exhibited a faster growth rate than preterritorial males, although the maximum total lengths and body weights obtained were similar between both male types. -- Since female cunners exhibit the same growth and reproductive tactics irrespective of geographic location, differences in female body size at age were used to compare the conditions for growth between the two study sites. Norris Point females were significantly smaller in length and body weight at age than those of Broad Cove, although differences were slight. These observed differences in female body growth may be related to differences in local population density between both sampling sites. Females from both Broad Cove and Norris Point were smaller sized per age class than local males (excluding territorial males). They were also heavier at length than resident males, although differences were slight between sexes in Broad Cove. A comparison of the mean total lengths at age of cunners (sexes combined) with latitude from the literature indicated no readily apparent latitudinal effect on cunner growth.


identifier: Manning, Darlene Anne-Marie <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Manning=3ADarlene_Anne-Marie=3A=3A.html>   (1986) Aquaculture studies of the giant scallop Placopecten magellanicus (Gmelin): conditioning of broodstock and energy requirements of the larvae and juveniles.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The giant scallop, Placopecten magellanicus, has proven very difficult to rear under laboratory conditions. This study aimed at optimizing the growth and survival of Placopecten magellanicus larvae and juveniles under laboratory or hatchery conditions. -- Broodstock was successfully conditioned with algal diets equivalent to 3-5% of their body weight per day on a dry weight basis. The effect of conditioning was estimated by measuring the protein, lipid and carbohydrate content of the eggs and larvae.  Conditioned adults produced gametes with approximately 30% more energy reserves than starved females. Algal diets resulted in the production of eggs with the highest content of protein (26-30 mg per million eggs) and lipid (14-18 mg per million eggs). These equalled or exceeded the protein and lipid levels in the eggs of naturally conditioned females. In all cases, carbohydrate was a minor energy reserve (2-3 mg per million eggs). -- Both protein and lipid are important energy reserves in the larvae of the giant scallop. The larvae utilized 60% of the energy reserves sequestered in the egg during development to the D-shaped veliger stage, 3 days at 15ﾟC, regardless of the total energy content of the eggs. -- When the larvae were fed an appropriate diet, (Isochrysis galbana, Chaetoceros calcitrans and Thalassiosira pseudonana) the larvae which had higher energy reserves in the eggs exhibited greater rates of growth and accumulation of energy reserves over the first four weeks of pelagic life. -- The effect of algal cell concentration and body size on filtration rates was studied using a static system. Juveniles ranged from 5 mg to 400 mg in tissue dry weight and the concentration of Isochrysis galbana was varied from 5x10³ to 25x10³ cells/ml. At the highest cell concentration test the smallest juveniles ingested 10% of their body weight per day and the largest individuals ingested approximately 5% of their body weight per day. Comparisons with other species indicate that this ration is sufficient for both maintenance and growth.


identifier: Vey, Lloyd R. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Vey=3ALloyd_R=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1987) An investigation of questioning and comprehension skills as they pertain to the teaching of corrective reading.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The primary focus of this study is on the student with reading comprehension difficulties and the classroom teacher whose responsibility it is to help that student "read to learn". While special reading teachers could provide valuable supplementary reading instruction, they are no substitute for competent classroom teachers whose sensitivity to the total reading effort across the curriculum has been reinforced by a working knowledge of corrective reading procedures. The advantage lies in the unlimited opportunity which the classroom teacher has to observe day-by-day learning, spot incipient problems, administer the proverbial ounce of prevention, or distribute the needed pound of cure with regularity and consistency. -- The concept of "reading to learn" is a fundamental component of the reading development process but is contingent upon the acquisition of basic reading comprehension skills. This writer suggests it may well be that the inherent comprehension difficulties of many disabled readers are caused not by the gradual increase in the degree of difficulty of comprehension materials as they progress beyond the elementary grades, but instead are caused in part by a difference in the kind of comprehension required by content area materials. This understanding sets the perspective for the teaching of reading comprehension in the content areas. A corrective reading program which utilizes appropriate questioning strategies and techniques can assist students in "learning to read" proficiently, and hence ensures that their "reading to learn" endeavours will meet with greater success. To teach well, educators must teach the learner how to do what is required of him and do so in such a way that he develops an understanding of the processes involved. -- The application of the various aspects discussed in this paper will be contingent upon the learner and the specific learning situation. The corrective reading program described in this thesis, with accompanying techniques and strategies for implementation, is viewed as a framework whereby students may become proficient readers and, ultimately, independent learners. That there will continue to be students who have problems in reading comprehension seems inevitable, so long as multiple differences in students continue to exist. However, developing the abilities of the classroom teacher in corrective reading procedures could become a major force in reducing the quantity and scope of the disabled reader problem in our educational system.


identifier: Galway, Gerald James <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Galway=3AGerald_James=3A=3A.html>   (1984) A study of the trophic influence of the sympathetic innervation on vascular smooth muscle in normal and disease states.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: While there are probably many factors which influence the structure of blood vessels, recent evidence has suggested that one of the main influences is exerted by the innervation. -- It has been suggested that the innervation of vessels plays a large part not only in vasoconstriction, but also in the growth and maintenance of vessel walls. This trophic influence of nerve on muscle is well documented in skeletal muscle, but less so in the case of vascular smooth muscle. The present study was designed to examine this trophic relationship between the catecholaminergic innervation and the structure of the media of jejunal arteries during normal development and in disease states in which the arterial wall structure is known to change, and in an experimental model in which the innervation has been altered. -- The wall thickness, lumen diameter (and subsequently medial smooth muscle cell mass) and number and disposition of fluorescent sympathetic fibers were determined in varied sets of rats sampled at twelve weeks of age. These sets of rats included normal developing Sprague Dawley rats, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), SHRs treated with capsaicin to lower blood pressure to normotensive levels, Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) treated with capsaicin, normal WKY rats, Sprague Dawley rats treated with streptozotocin to induce diabetes, Sprague Dawley rats chemically sympathectomised with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), and Sprague Dawley rats with renal artery constrictions to induce hypertension. -- The results of the study indicate that in increase in the medial smooth muscle cell mass observed in the SHR strain of rat is the result of a sympathetic hyper-innervation separate from the influence of an elevated arterial pressure. Furthermore this trophic effect did not extend to the normal state nor to experimentally induced disease states.


identifier: Woodrow, James <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Woodrow=3AJames=3A=3A.html>   (1986) Automatic and attentional processes in word recognition : a comparison of the two-process and the two-strategy view.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: An experiment was conducted to examine the patterns of facilitation and interference in the lexical decision task with respect to two important variables: the time course of processing and list context. Two current models of word recognition, the two-process view and the two-strategy view, make specific predictions with respect to each variable. The two-process view emphasizes the time course of processing and the two strategy view emphasizes the effect of list context. The present study was designed to reconcile these two view. The effects of list predictability (high and low) and stimulus-onset asynchrony (SOA) (short and long) on lexical decision times to related, neutral and unrelated prime-target trials were examined. Lists of high and low predictability were generated by using category-exemplar pairs of either high or varying typicality. The results are consistent with automatic processing in short SOA conditions and strategic processing in long SOA conditions.


identifier: Rice, Harvey Stanfield. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Rice=3AHarvey_Stanfield=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1986) An examination of the critical thinking ability of entering first year university students and prospective social studies teachers nearing the completion of their high school teacher preparation programme at Memorial University of Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The  purpose of the present study was to determine the critical thinking abilities of entering first year university students and that of prospective social studies teachers nearing the completion of their high school teacher preparation programme at Memorial University of Newfoundland. Several variables, including university training, were explored to determine their relationship to critical thinking ability. -- Since social studies is often taught by graduates from disciplines not included in the social studies, it was necessary to assess the critical thinking ability of students enrolled in a variety of specializations. One hundred and sixty two students enrolled in appropriate methods courses, representing four areas of concentration, were tested. -- The sample of first year students (N = 164) was randomly selected, by class, from those enrolled in English 1000. This course was selected since it is a requirement for all first year students. -- The Ennis-Weir Critical Thinking Essay Test was used as an instrument to evaluate critical thinking ability. This test purports to measure a "person's ability to appraise an argument" rather than the conclusion emanating from the argument. -- Analysis of Variance was used to evaluate results. An examination of scores obtained by first year students indicated an interaction between sex and urbanness significant at the .07 level and an interaction between sex and maturity significant at the .09 level. Analysis of Variance for simple main effects revealed that the score of rural males was significantly better (p < .03) than the score of rural females. In addition, regular males (those not classified as mature students) achieved significantly higher (p < .04) scores than did regular females. -- ANOVA results of senior students indicated that no significant differences were detected among students enrolled in the high school teacher preparation programme according to sex, year, or area of specialization. However, significant interaction at the .09 level was detected between year and the number of philosophy courses. -- When comparisons were made between the total scores obtained by first year students and those achieved by fourth and fifth year students, significant differences were detected. The differences exist primarily between first year students and those senior students specializing in English, social studies, or science. -- A significant outcome of the present study was an extensive evaluation of the Ennis-Weir Critical Thinking Essay Test. Several questions were raised which could have serious implications for the extensive use of the instrument.


identifier: Lee, Beverly J. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Lee=3ABeverly_J=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1986) An exploratory study of the relationship of the remedial readers' concept of reading to reading miscues, unaided recall and aided recall.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Little research has been carried out to examine the relationship between a remedial reader's concept of reading and how that reader approaches the act of reading. This study investigated the relationship of remedial readers' concept of reading to reading miscues, unaided recall and aided recall. --  Twenty remedial readers were randomly selected from the university clinic files. These readers ranged in age from six to sixteen years. Data were collected for each child on four reading related aspects: interview sheet, miscues, aided and unaided recalls. -- The most important finding in this study is that at the independent reading level remedial readers actively engaged in meaning seeking rather than decoding words as was reflected in their interview and as is reported in many studies on good and poor readers. --  Most of the remedial readers were word dependent; that is when asked they indicated that reading is saying all the words correctly. At both the independent and instructional levels of reading, the percentage of acceptable miscues made was similar but the total number of unacceptable miscues made at the instructional level was twice that at the independent level. At the independent level, the percentage of recall was greater than the percentage of recall at the instructional level. At both levels, the unaided recall was text based, that is, the remedial readers recalled the information almost exactly as it was written in the text without paraphrasing or embellishing the information. At both the independent and instructional levels, the recall increased substantially when questions were asked indicating a dependence on probing to help these remedial readers recall more information than they readily organize and retrieve. The remedial reader's concept of reading seems to vary depending on the level of the reading material being read.


identifier: Tucker, Robert Wayne. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Tucker=3ARobert_Wayne=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1987) A survey of knowledge and attitudes regarding Canada of grade seven and grade twelve students in south-western Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purposes of this study were: to measure and compare the knowledge level and attitudes regarding Canada of grade seven and grade twelve students within the Port-aux-Basques Integrated School Board district living in communities from Cape Ray to Grand Bruit; to compare the knowledge level and attitudes regarding Canada of the grade seven and grade twelve students within the Port-aux-Basques Integrated School Board district with those of other grade seven and grade twelve Canadian students; to compare the knowledge level and attitudes regarding Canada of grade twelve students within the Port-aux-Basques Integrated School Board district who had completed only the four required core social studies courses at the high school level and that of those grade twelve students within the same school district who had completed more than the core social studies courses; and the compare the knowledge level on Economic Issues related to Canada of grade twelve students within the Port-aux-Basques Integrated School Board district who had completed Canadian Economy 2103 and that of those grade twelve students within the same school district who did not complete this course. --  The population for this study consisted of 358 students within the Port-aux-Basques Integrated School Board district, of whom 226 students were grade seven students and 132 students were grade twelve students. The other Canadian students referred to in this study consisted of grade seven students who were surveyed by Kirkwood and Nediger (1982), and grade twelve students who were surveyed by Kirkwood, Anderson and Khan (1984). --  The instrument used in this study was developed by Kirkwood and Nediger (1982). The instrument consisted of two sections. The first section contained statements which attempted to elicit studentsâ€™ opinions and attitudes about issues related to Canada. This part contained 40 Likert-type items. The second section consisted of 60 items which purported to evaluate the level of knowledge about Canada. The 60 items were divided into four subscales - the Canadian Environment, the Canadian Political System, the Canadian Economic System, and Specific Canadian Issues and Concerns. --  The analysis included item evaluation, descriptive statistics, t-tests and f-tests. --  The results indicated that the grade twelve students under study scored higher on the Knowledge Scale than did the grade seven students under study. The students under study scored lower that the other Canadian students on the Knowledge Scale. In terms of the affective scales, both the grade seven and grade twelve students under study displayed positive attitudes towards issues related to Canada. While there was no significant difference between the two grades on the Identity Scale, the grade twelve students were more positive to the issues on the Special Issues Scale. In relation to the attitudes of other Canadian students, the attitudes of the students under study were more positive generally. There was no significant difference in the knowledge level and attitudes of the grade twelve students who had completed only the four required core social studies courses and that of those grade twelve students who had completed more than the required core social studies courses. Finally, there was no significant difference in the knowledge level and attitudes of the grade twelve students who had completed Canadian Economy 2103 and that of those grade twelve students who had not completed this course. --  Implications for future research studies are discussed.


identifier: Prasad, Kavuri Siva Rama <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Prasad=3AKavuri_Siva_Rama=3A=3A.html>   (1985) Analytical and experimental modellng of iceberg scours.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The discovery of oil and gas in the iceberg infested waters off the coast of Newfoundland and Labrador has generated increased interest in icebergs. There is a need to find solutions to potential iceberg hazards in order to optimize the production schemes. This thesis is a continuation of the ongoing research on geotechnical aspects of iceberg scours. -- The earlier analytical model has been extended to incorporate the nonlinear velocity of the iceberg during scouring. This study examines the scouring potential of icebergs which roll due to instability, increase their draft, and penetrate the seabed before scouring. For a given iceberg, if such initial penetration depth is more than a certain upper bound, only a pockmark will be left on the seafloor. For the initial penetration depths smaller than a certain lower bound, the resulting maximum scour depth would be as if there were no initial penetration of the seafloor. -- The influence of keel shape on the maximum depth gouged by an iceberg was studied experimentally. Six models of different keel shape were instrumented and pushed horizontally into a sloping sand bed. The measured front face resistance for each model was correlated with the computed values using available theoretical methods. The experimental results were extrapolated to the scour model. It is shown that the influence of keel shape on the estimated scour depth is within an acceptable range of variation and thus scour depths predicted using an idealized shape are realistic.


identifier: Baqee, Abu Helal Md. Abdul <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Baqee=3AAbu_Helal_Md=2E_Abdul=3A=3A.html>   (1987) A study of the migration field of St. John's, 1921.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Using St. John's as the study area, the research demonstrated the migration field of the largest settlement of the island. The pattern indicated that St. John's attracted most of its migrants from the North-East coast, the most populous region of the island. The migration field appeared to be more restricted to the areas of Conception Bay, when the field is mapped by certain categories. The concepts of the "migration field" and the "migration region", however, are interesting but their fullest application appeared to be relatively complicated, especially the "migration region". --  The growth of population of St. John's is traced from the early part of the 19th century to 1921. It appeared that during increasing development in the western part of the island, the proportion of the population on the eastern coast declined substantially, but St. John's did continue its growth throughout the study period. --  The present research examined the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the households with migrants, particular emphasis being given to the migrant members. This examination is followed by a micro-level study of some selected roads and streets. The investigation indicated that the females are more migratory, as usual, than the others - and the greatest propensity of migration is found within the age limit of 20-29 years. In other words, most of the parents in the households were migrant. By occupation the migrant held both higher order professions like business, governmental officials, and the most traditional occupation - fishing and related jobs. Non-migrants appeared to be more characterized by skilled manpower. --  The micro-level investigation of five roads and streets indicated that the Rennies Mill Road and King's Bridge Road were high class residential area with people engaged in the higher order occupations. Water Street appeared to be the locality of business and commerce with smaller households and the highest proportion of migrants. LeMarchant Road was underlined as the middle class residential area with both skilled manpower and professionals. Brazil Square demonstrated the qualities of low class residential areas with highest proportions of boarders. --  In order to understand the migration field some of the selected high-intensity migration field were chosen to demonstrate the socio-economic background of the origin points. The investigation indicated that the religious minorities had the greatest propensity to migrate. An indirect procedure of calculating the period of migration indicated that most of the migrants came to the city at the beginning of the present century. And there was a tendency for the migrants to settle close to the main commercial area. By occupation the skilled manpower were relatively more migratory.


identifier: Rodgers, Adrian. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Rodgers=3AAdrian=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1986) Bastardy and the new poor law : 1832-1844.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In 1832 the English government commissioned an Inquiry to examine the troublesome administration of a group of social welfare laws, known as the Poor Laws. The omnibus of Poor Laws governed relief to many groups of indigent people. This thesis, however, is one of a few twentieth century analyses to limit its concerns to only one of the laws which provided assistance for the mothers of illegitimate children. By limiting the question to 'bastardy', as it was frequently known, this thesis examines the faulty reasoning of the government in relation to social questions. Although the government carefully researched every reform, in twelve years it made four substantial alterations in the way it hoped to regulate illegitimate children. By analysing government documents and other sources, this thesis blames the limited spirit of inquiry that characterised bureaucratic reports for the fickleness of the nation's laws. -- When the Poor Law's Commissioners of Inquiry published their recommendations in 1834, they made the startling suggestion that the mother of a bastard child should no longer be permitted to sue the father of the child for a support payment. Instead, the Commissioners wanted local parishes, which administered the national scheme of relief for the poor, to provide the mother with assistance. If the parishes would incarcerate the mothers and their children in a 'workhouse', where they would be governed by strict rules, the commissioners hypothesized that the rate of illegitimate births would decline. In their effort to escape this unpleasant treatment, the Commissioners reckoned that all women would take every safeguard to ensure they remained chaste until marriage. In placing the onus of chastity exclusively upon the women, the Commissioners completely ignored accepted social traditions, which placed the liability for maintaining an illegitimate child on the father. Instead, the Commissioners accepted the Utilitarian and Malthusian ideology, predicated by Jeremy Bentham and Thomas Malthus. -- The government, which also propounded their own forms of Malthusian and Benthamite doctrine, attempted to enact their Commissioners' proposals. In 1834, the government succeeded in abolishing the mother's right to sue the father of her illegitimate child. Yet, because of the pressure exerted by individuals who opposed the reform, they were forced to compromise their ideals. The government's new law allowed the parish this ability to sue the father for the maintenance it provided to the child. Despite this 'compromise', the government felt the philosophy of 'enticing' the woman to remain chaste, which lay behind their Commissioners' proposals, remained intact. -- Although the new law was opposed by public and political factions, the government successfully side-stepped these criticisms. By 1838, however, a pool of bureaucratic reports had accumulated, which recommended that the government reconsider the law it had passed only four years before. The government obliged by making a token amendment, but the law remained substantially unchanged. In 1844, the Rebecca Riots in Wales catalysed the government reaction, and a new law which reinstated the woman's right to sue the father of her bastard, was enacted. Although this law was far from ideal, it was a step in redressing a social injustice.


identifier: Marshall, Ingeborg <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Marshall=3AIngeborg=3A=3A.html>   (1983) Beothuk bark canoes : an analysis and comparative study.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The aim of this thesis was to investigate and test hypotheses concerning the design and construction of Beothuk birch bark canoes and their relationship to craft of other North American native groups. The study was based on data from artifacts in various museum collections and from documents. New materials resulting from a systematic archival search were used to supplement known sources. --  Examination of the data showed that the Beothuk made at least two different bark canoe designs. The more versatile of the two had a straight keel-line, no rocker, and the beam placed abaft midlength; it combined attributes useful for travel on inland waters with those that were advantageous for open water navigation.  The second canoe form was a strongly rockered deep draft type especially adapted for travel conditions on the ocean. Both designs shared a V-shaped hull form as well as stylistic attributes which differentiated them from bark canoes of other groups. This interpretation removes an area of difficulty experienced by others who tried to distill one design out of apparently conflicting data. --  Beothuk canoes were also compared with sixty-two other native North American craft which revealed that Beothuk bark canoe construction conformed with the traditional methods used by other groups. Although Beothuk canoes have been described as unique, most of their attributes were found on other North American canoes or kayaks. The uniqueness derived from specific combinations of attributes and from the development of some of them to an unusual degree. --  Analysis of canoes outside of Newfoundland demonstrated that several attributes were predominantly found in the North American north west including Alaska, the Yukon and the District of MacKensie but were absent or rare on the eastern seaboard and vice versa. A comparison of Beothuk canoe characteristics with those identified as preferred in north western or eastern regions showed a close association between the straight keel-line canoe and north western Athabascan canoes; the curved bottom form clearly incorporated functional attributes of eastern canoes and both designs had attributes in common with skin kayaks. --  The evidence favours the suggestion that a prototype canoe close to the designs of Athabascan bark canoes diffused prehistorically to the Newfoundland Indians and that major elements of the ancient design persisted in both regions. The V-shaped hull form was a modification that evolved in Newfoundland, possibly in emulation of Eskimo Kayak features, and the strongly rockered design, which developed at a later stage represents an influence of eastern Indian canoe forms. --  The investigation suggests that the two Beothuk canoe designs reflect periods of contact with and absorption of ideas from different native groups, ingenuity at developing canoe forms that met local requirements and were unique among North American bark canoes, and persistence with ancient design features as well as stylistic elements.


identifier: Stewart, Robert Graeme <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Stewart=3ARobert_Graeme=3A=3A.html>   (1987) An investigation into the use of computerized word processng procedures in a process-conference approach to writing by grade five students.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: An investigation was carried out to determine whether ten-year old students who are able to use a word processor and who have been exposed to the process-conference approach to teaching writing do indeed use the capabilities of the word processor to make higher level revision in their written work instead of superficial revisions. --  The level of revisions in three writing assignments was compared to other factors such as age, ability, typing speed, and facility with the use of the Bank Street Writer word processing program in order to determine the relationship of these factors for the extent children revise their written work. --  A case study approach involving the observation of thirty-one grade five students was followed. The childrenâ€™s revision strategies were mapped through a focus on one child, a more peripheral study of three other children and informal observations and product analysis of twenty-seven other students. --  This study lends support to the findings of others that limited exposure to the use of a word processor does not in itself result in young writers making high level revisions to their written work.


identifier: Dwyer, Gertrude <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Dwyer=3AGertrude=3A=3A.html>   (1987) A study of the use of creative movement in the kindergarten.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of this study was threefold. The study examined: (i) the extent to which provision is made by the Provincial Department of Education for the instruction of kindergarten children in movement education, (ii) the degree to which movement education contributes to learning in young children, and the means by which it can be implemented in a classroom setting, and (iii) the extent to which movement education is being implemented in kindergarten classes in our Province. -- Scheduled interviews were conducted with the Provincial Department of Education's Early Childhood Coordinator and the Provincial Department of Education's Primary School Coordinator. -- A questionnaire was distributed to seventy kindergarten teachers representing two each from the thirty-five school boards in the Province. Fifty, or seventy percent, of the teacher questionnaires were completed and returned to the examiner. -- An observation session of one-half day's duration was carried out in each of ten kindergarten classrooms, two from each of five school boards in the Province. -- A review of the literature revealed that movement education is a significant medium for cognitive, social, emotional and motor development through the child's preschool and primary years. -- Findings from all of the sources of data in the study suggest that Creative Movement has not received its due recognition as a necessary and integral part of early childhood education in the Province's kindergartens. Based on these findings, recommendations were made for further research and for the provision of additional resource materials for use by kindergarten teachers in teaching Creative Movement, as well as for pre-service and inservice training in the appropriate content and methodology of Creative Movement.


identifier: House, Paul <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/House=3APaul=3A=3A.html>   (1986) A study of user perception and attitude toward implementation of high school physical education courses.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the user perception of and attitude towards the implementation of the new physical education program. -- The data collected consisted of the responses of 154 high school principals and 170 high school physical education teachers to a 45 item, Likert style, survey developed by the writer. In addition, responses were collected from 1000 students enrolled in Physical Education 1100, 1000 students enrolled in Physical Education 2100, and 1000 students enrolled in Physical Education 3100, to 17 items from the teacher/principal survey. The 45 items on the survey were clustered according to Fullan's fifteen factors affecting implementation. -- In order to assess the significant differences among the user groups a oneway ANOVA was carried out for each variable cluster. When comparing responses of three groups a Scheffe test was used to determine between which groups the significant difference existed. -- In order to assess the overall attitude of principal, teacher, and student groups a crosstabulation was carried out for the 45 unclustered survey items. The responses demonstrated that all three user groups were generally positive toward the program. Principals were the most positive, teachers were the next most positive, and students were the least positive. Although the attitudes were positive, concerns were indicated by all three user groups. -- Findings indicated that the users viewed the program as having good potential yet there was agreement that there were drawbacks that needed to be addressed. Students demonstrated concern with the increased cognitive workload while teachers and principals agreed with the need for improving the fun and enjoyment of the program as a means of increasing student motivation. Students indicated a desire for more choice and input into the new program and principals and teachers appeared to agree but not to the same degree as the students. Teachers and principals expressed a desire for more administrative support from the school board level. Connected with this concern was the desire for continuous access to qualified help in the implementation of the new program, supporting the idea that implementation is a process and not a one-time event. -- An interesting finding noted throughout the study was that the principals appeared to be distant from the practical use of the program. This point was not severely criticized by the teachers. Instead it was recognized as a fact difficult to avoid given the many responsibilities of the principals. In conjunction with this point principals were extremely confident with the teachers comprehension of the new program as well their preparation to teach it. However, teachers did not express confidence in either their comprehension or preparedness to teach the curriculum. -- Inadequate communication at all levels was expressed as a problem by all subjects in the survey. The prominent communication deficiencies were among teachers, between teachers and administrators, between schools and school boards, and finally between curriculum users and curriculum developers. It was agreed that improved feedback channels are required as means for providing necessary user information to the developers for possible program improvement and revision.


identifier: Singh, Birendra Nath <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Singh=3ABirendra_Nath=3A=3A.html>   (1983) An investigation of AC/DC load flow analysis using Newton's method and extensions.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In this thesis AC/DC load flow problem is formulated on the basis of the conditions established by realistic systems. The nonlinear AC/DC load flow equations, thus formulated, are solved first by using the Newton-Raphson technique. The method is then extended to using the alpha-modified quasi second order Newton-Raphson (alpha-M.Q.S.O.N.R.) iterative method by including the second order terms of the Taylor series. -- The AC/DC load flow equations are developed in rectangular form. Only one equation per converter station is necessary. For one HVDC link, two rows and two columns (with only eight elements) are added to the AC Jacobian matrix of the Newton-Raphson procedure. Suitable algorithms are proposed to obtain the solution. -- The proposed algorithms are extensively tested on four different test systems. With the Newton-Raphson method, computations for all test systems converged in three iterations. The effect of DC link resistance, and initial guesses for voltages and converter angles on the performance of the Newton-Raphson technique is also investigated. The performance of the alpha-modified quasi second order Newton-Raphson method is analyzed for a range of alpha values. The convergence rate with the alpha-modified quasi second order Newton-Raphson method varies with the value of alpha chosen. In three of the four test systems, the convergence performance of the alpha-modified quasi second order Newton-Raphson method for certain alpha values is better than that of the Newton-Raphson method.


identifier: Rideout, Frederick David. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Rideout=3AFrederick_David=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1986) Attitudes of Pentecostal teachers in Newfoundland toward appropriate strategies for resolving impasses in collective bargaining.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study was concerned mainly with Pentecostal teachers in Newfoundland and their refusal to participate in the duly authorized job actions of partial and complete withdrawal of services, as appropriate means for resolving impasses in the collective bargaining process. The Pentecostal teachers have claimed that their refusal to engage in such activity is an extension of their religious philosophy, which places education in a parochial context. Consequently, considerable tension has been created in the provincial bargaining unit if they are unwilling to join their colleagues in these more militant impasse strategies. -- This study was developed to document the differences between Pentecostal teachers and the rest of the teaching force in the province on strategies for resolving impasses. The impasse procedures examined were mediation and conciliation, fact finding, binding arbitration, final offer arbitration, issue-by-issue arbitration, withholding of partial services, withholding of all services, political activity, and use of the media. An attempt was also made to identify any influencing factors which might contribute to these differences. The independent variables included for this purpose were school system (Pentecostal or non-Pentecostal), teaching certificate level, sex, grade level taught (elementary or secondary), position, years of teaching experience, size of home town, school size, degree of job satisfaction, religious commitment to the teachings and practices of one's church, importance assigned to one's church, extent of union involvement, and degree of support for denominational schooling. In addition, the study also sought direction from the teachers as to the most acceptable means for accommodating the Pentecostals in the collective bargaining process. -- The questionnaire designed for this study was distributed to the total population of 397 Pentecostal teachers, and the same number of non-Pentecostal teachers in the province. One way analysis of variance was used to test for significant differences between these two groups, while linear multiple regression (stepwise) was used to examine the factors influencing these differences. -- Significant differences were found to exist between the Pentecostal and non-Pentecostal teachers with respect to the use of both partial and complete withdrawal of services, political involvement, and the use of the media to resolve impasses in collective bargaining. The Pentecostals expressed clear disagreement with partial and complete withdrawal of services to resolve impasses, while on political involvement and use of the media they expressed less agreement than their non-Pentecostal counterparts. In examining factors influencing such attitudes, only denominational affiliation (Pentecostal or non-Pentecostal) and sex registered as significant when considering all teachers in the province. However, when Pentecostal or non-Pentecostal teachers were analyzed separately, more variables entered the regression equation as significant. -- The final part of the study attempted to ascertain the views of both Pentecostal and non-Pentecostal teachers on ways of accommodating the Pentecostals in collective bargaining. The most favoured option among Pentecostal teachers was the creation of a separate bargaining unit with the same bargaining agent, the Newfoundland Teachers' Association. The non-Pentecostals, however, were largely uncertain about all of the options, with no clear preference expressed for either of the choices provided in the questionnaire.


identifier: Drodge, Susan,1968- <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Drodge=3ASusan,1968-=3A=3A.html>   (1991) Al Purdy : the curable romantic.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

title: Al Purdy : the curable romantic

abstract: The poetry of Al Purdy is simultaneously informed by the contrary perspectives of realism and romanticism. This duality of perspective is necessary in order to satisfy both his involvement with direct, modern experience and his intuition of profound, continuous existence. Realism and romanticism provide the divergent means by which he can support seemingly contradictory possibilities, such as transience and permanence, inconsequence and significance, failure and redemption. The realistic poetic persona intellectually challenges those traditional, social ideals which precipitate a sense of exclusion, failure, and futility. Through the deflation of ideals, he repudiates the conventional assumption of Canadian limitation and suggests failure is the product of a defeatist mentality, rather than an inescapable, modern reality. His characteristic self-deprecation and ironic stance become the subversive means by which he contests societal ideals and the notion of failure as that which falls short of those standards. His intellectual transcendence of failure does not, however, satisfy his emotional and spiritual faculties. His romantic impulse, by contrast, yields the means of emotionally transforming the harshness of realistic experience. He hypothesizes that there is a transcendental continuum of existence which guarantees eternal meaning and significance, substantially eclipsing past and present failures. For Purdy, failure can be most effectively transformed through a synthesis of realism and romanticism which advances, as an absolute, a commitment to the dignity of life itself. However, in his urgency to redeem humankind from dismal, modern reality, he neglects certain social and political considerations, particularly in those poems which concern Canada's native peoples and their historical displacement. While the conventional romantic persona and style virtually disappear as Purdy matures as a poet, romanticism itself never ceases to be an integral influence in his poetic cosmos. Purdy's romanticism evolves primarily in its structural expression, rather than in its idealistic intensity and manifestation. The romantic ideals of the mature poet are those which can be consummated within daily experience and encourage human fraternity, rather than precipitating a sense of inadequacy and failure. In the poetry of Al Purdy, realistic awareness and romantic reflection can yield a lavish image of human existence.


identifier: Tilley, Susan Ann Bernadette <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Tilley=3ASusan_Ann_Bernadette=3A=3A.html>   (1986) An investigation of evaluation strategies of language arts teachers.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The writer, while employed as either a classroom teacher or as coordinator, was made aware of the confusion existing in the area of evaluation. In her mind, many questions needed answering, including those concerned with how teachers evaluate their students and why they choose the strategies they do. The purpose of this study was to examine questions such as these but also to progress one step further by proposing a plan to help alleviate problems in the area. -- In order to assess practice at a classroom level, the survey presented in Chapter III was carried out. Data on grade four language arts teachers and the strategies they used for student evaluation were collected. The chapter includes a description and analysis of this data. -- In Chapter II the writer reviewed the literature pertaining to the area of evaluation. The chapter follows the logical pattern which emerged during the research of the material. -- The first section examines the roots of evaluation while expounding on the test and measurement movement's influence on its development. -- The second section examines research concerning program evaluation. The writer suggests much information can be utilized from this research and applied to student evaluation in the classroom. -- The third section examines student evaluation. A link is established between yesterday's theory and today's practice. -- This chapter attempts to provide a picture of what research is suggesting should be occurring in student evaluation at the classroom level. --  Chapter II presents what should be occurring in practice, while Chapter III provides a description of "what is". The final two chapters attempt to provide the means by which the "what is" can be converted into the "what should be". -- Chapter IV presents a rationale for the use of inservice to effect this suggested change. The complexity of the change process is described in detail. The necessity of giving this process serious consideration when developing inservice is emphasized. Also, the chapter includes a discussion of what constitutes effective inservice and the importance of agreed upon time-lines for achieving goals. -- Chapter V is an inservice plan for grade four language arts teachers, principals and professional school board personnel. The plan is considered an initial step in attempting to effect change in teachers' methods of evaluating students.


identifier: Leake, Jayne Marie <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Leake=3AJayne_Marie=3A=3A.html>   (1985) Brain monoamines in relation to the teleost reproductive cycle.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The technique of high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection was used to identify, detect and measure monoamines within the central nervous system of the juvenile rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri, the male landlocked Atlantic salmon, Salmo Salar and male and female winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus. The catecholamines norepinephrine, dopamine and the indoleamine serotonin were found in the brains of these three teleost species. All three monomines were heavily concentrated in the hypothalamus, with norepinephrine being the most concentrated monomine in this area followed by serotonin and dopamine. Norepinephrine concentrations ranged from a low 0.33 ± 0.07 (± S.E.M.) ng/mg in the rhombencephalon of the juvenile rainbow trout to 2.64 ± 0.24 ng/mg in the hypothalamus of the female winter flounder. Dopamine concentrations ranged from 0.08 ± 0.01 ng/mg in the optic tectum of the juvenile rainbow trout to 2.41 ± 0.14 ng/mg in the hypothalamus of the mature male Atlantic salmon. Serotonin concentrations ranged between 0.24 ± 0.01 ng/mg in extrahypothalamic tissues of the male landlocked Atlantic salmon to 1.13 ± 0.11 ng/mg in the hypothalamus of this same species. -- A breakdown of the data obtained for the mature male landlocked Atlantic salmon and mature male and female winter flounder showed a correspondence of these monoamine concentrations with certain stages of the annual gonadal recrudescence cycle. Norepinephrine and dopamine concentrations declined during spermiation in the male landlocked Atlantic salmon. Norepinephrine concentrations increased in extrahypothalamic tissues of the male winter flounder during advanced spermatogenesis. A separate study was conducted on mature male winter flounder to determine if monoamine concentrations were altered by castration, but there were no significant changes in norepinephrine, dopamine or serotonin concentrations in the central nervous system of castrated males compared with sham-castrated and control males. -- Keywords: monoamines; brain; teleosts; gonadel; recrudescence cycle


identifier: Wen, Tao <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Wen=3ATao=3A=3A.html>   (1988) Coordination complexes of hexadentate phthalazine hydrazone ligands.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The cobalt(II) and nickel(II) coordination complexes of three potentially hexadentate phthalazine hydrazone ligands, obtained by reacting 1,4-dihydrazinophthalazine ( DHPH ) with an appropriate aldehyde or ketone, have been investigated, in which the variable terminal donor substituents include β-methyl pyridine (PMP), pyridine (PPA) and N-methyl imidazole (PMI) groups. Studies on the analytical, -- [special characters omitted] -- spectral, X-ray, and magnetic data of the complexes reveal that the ligands are able to form double μ-bridged bimetallic complexes, in which two pseudo-octahedral metal centers are brought into close proximity by a common phthalazine diazine bridge as well as by the second either anionic [ binuclear 2:1 ( metal:ligand ) species ] or another diazine bridge [ binuclear 1:1 derivatives ]. In the binuclear 2:1 complexes three in-plane coordination sites of the pseudo-octahedral metal center are occupied by ligand nitrogen donors and the rest of the sites involve coordinated anions and water/solvent molecules. Two binuclear 2:1 chloride complexes of the ligand PMP, [Co₂(PMP)Cl(H₂O)₄]Cl₃4H₂O and [Ni₂(PMP)Cl(H₂O)₄]Cl₃4.5H₂O, have been characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. For the 1:1 compounds the six coordination sites are all occupied by the nitrogen atoms from two ligands. All the complexes exhibit very intense metal-to-ligand charge transfer absorption ( ε > 9200 Lmol⁻¹cm⁻¹ ) in the visible region ( 19000 - 21000 cm⁻¹ ). Variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements on some complexes indicate antiferromagnetic exchange between the metal ion centers.


identifier: Reddy, Velagala Ramakanta <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Reddy=3AVelagala_Ramakanta=3A=3A.html>   (1984) Dynamic analysis and optimal design of lathe spindles using finite element method.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis presents the free vibration response, transient response and optimal design of a lathe under transient conditions. The optimal design is based on minimizing the maximum dynamic displacement response of the system. -- The differential equation of motion characterizing the behaviour of a lathe spindle-workpiece system is formulated based on the Euler-Bernoulli's equation. The matrix differential equation of motion is obtained using finite element technique. The boundary condition at the live center is taken as hinged connection. In order to economize on CPU time and memory, the system matrices are condensed by using the dynamic condensation technique. -- The free vibration response of the system is studied by varying parameters such as the bearing spacing, the bearing stiffness etc. The effects of these variations on the static deflection, the natural frequencies and the rate of decay of free oscillations of the system are analyzed. The condensation of the system matrices is done by selecting the appropriate number of masters by comparing the natural frequencies of the condensed and uncondensed systems. The free vibration response of the system is studied by assuming the initial velocity vector to be equal to zero. -- A method comprising of the finite element technique and modal analysis is used for studying the system behaviour under transient cutting conditions. The response of the system due to an impulse and exponentially decaying pulse excitations is obtained. The effect of the variations of system design variables on the maximum dynamic displacement response is presented. Based on these variations the optimal values of the variables are obtained. -- An optimal design of the lithe spindle-workpiece system using a nonlinear programming technique with bearing spacing, bearing stiffness and location of an external damper is obtained. The minimization of the maximum dynamic displacement response of the system is chosen as the objective for this optimization scheme. The optimal values of the design variables obtained by single parameter optimization are then compared with those obtained by multi-parameter optimization.


identifier: Rickert, Martin Erhard <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Rickert=3AMartin_Erhard=3A=3A.html>   (1987) Combining sensory information from two separate critical bands.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study investigated how subjects combine auditory signals and noise from two separate frequency-selective channels, or critical bands. In the first experiment, listeners were trained to detect a 0.5 kHz sinusoidal tone in a continuous background of noise. Then, without informing listeners, a 1.3 kHz tone was added to the signal. Initially the detectability of the two-tone complex was no better than the detectability of the 0.5 kHz signal, but it improved in subsequent sessions. Following this, the 1.3 kHz signal was removed, and performance dropped to, or below, the original level. These results indicated that human listeners have the ability to use either a single- or multiple-band listening strategy. In order to determine more about how information from widely separated critical bands is combined, two mathematical models were considered. The information integration model (Green, 1956) assumes that signal and noise energy from individual frequency-selective channels is statistically combined prior to decision. By contrast, the decision threshold model (Schafer and Gales, 1949) postulates that independent decisions are made about the information in each channel, and that the outcomes of the decisions are combined according to an overall decision rule. Data from the first experiment are consistent with the information integration model, but are contrary to predictions made using the decision threshold model. In order to further distinguish between these models, a second, more sensitive, experiment was designed. In this experiment the 0.5 kHz, 1.3 kHz, and combined signals were randomly mixed within the same block of trials.  Therefore, subjects presumably used a similar listening strategy for each of the signals. Data from this experiment fit the neither the information integration model nor the decision threshold model. Furthermore, comparisons of detection performance between experiments argue against each of these models. In conclusion, while this study shows that neither the information integration model nor the decision threshold model explains how listeners combine information from two critical bands, it demonstrates that human listeners have the ability to switch from using one critical band to using two.


identifier: Rideout, David Walter George <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Rideout=3ADavid_Walter_George=3A=3A.html>   (1984) Corrosion and wear of plates in the production of refiner mechanical pulp.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Disk refining has become an increasingly important process for the manufacture of mechanical pulp for the production of newsprint and other "groundwood" speciality papers. The history of the development of chip refiners beginning with their use in pulp property modifications in the early 1900's and their use for semichemical and mechanical pulping processes at present is briefly renewed. -- Disk refining, as a pulping process, has in spite of its promise to replace chemical pulp not been without its technical difficulties; the major ones being the high energy inputs required as compared to stone groundwood, variations in quality and inadequate plate life. Each of the variables associated with these difficulties is reviewed in an extensive literature review. -- Since refiner plate wear and refiner plate corrosion both involve loss of plate material and are critical factors in plate life, the review of literature was extended to cover these variables. Although literature on wear and corrosion of refiner plates is extensive, little was found directly pertaining to refiner plate life. Because of this deficiency of information in both these important areas, experimental work was conducted on both the wear and corrosion of Ni-hard refiner plates. -- The wear of refiner plates run on a Sprout Waldron 42-1B refiner at Price (Nfld.) Pulp and Paper Company Limited, Grand Falls, Newfoundland, was monitored using a systems analytical approach coupled with standard v metallurgical techniques. The refiner plates after use were found to have worn in sharply defined annular zones at randomly defined radii. In each zone the wear was asymmetrical, with one of the opposing plates wearing more than the other. The location of the wear zone and the disk experiencing wear (rotor or stator) were found to be random. -- At first, it was believed that this unusual wear pattern was the result of plate clashing and/or damage by foreign material. Metallurgical and electrochemical studies of the plates within the framework of systems analysis clearly showed that this was not the case, and that the metal removal patterns observed were indicative of that produced by a process not dissimilar to electrochemical machining. -- The corrosion characteristics of Ni-Hard plates were analyzed by potentiostatic polarization methods using an intact refiner plate as the working electrode. A potential was impressed upon this electrode causing it to corrode. The resultant current density as a function of applied potential was plotted giving a polarization curve for Ni-Hard. The procedure followed was based upon ASTM Standard Method G5, modified such that an intact refiner plate could be used. No attempt was made to duplicate the temperature and consistency conditions in the refining zone of a commercial refiner because of the experimental difficulties involved and the fact that these conditions are still not well understood. In spite of this limitation, the results gave some interesting insights into the effect that additives have in extending refiner plate life. Results showed that corrosion rates were lower when dissolved oxygen was high, bringing into question the belief that the role played by Na₂SO₃ in enhancing refiner plate life is via a mechanism of oxygen scavenging. -- The potential for extending refiner plate life by corrosion control techniques is discussed. These include: -- 1.. control of O₂ content, -- 2. alloying of plates, -- 3. anodic protection, -- 4. cathodic protection.


identifier: Pope, Peter Edward <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Pope=3APeter_Edward=3A=3A.html>   (1986) Ceramics from seventeenth century Ferryland, Newfoundland (CgAf-2, Locus B).  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Ferryland was in use as a shore station by English fishermen by 1600. George Calvert established a settlement in 1621 to exploit the cod fishery and Ferryland remained an important fishing centre to 1700 under David Kirke and his heirs. Documents suggest there was a core of resident families and with secondary sources give some indication of the social and economic life of these planters. Archaeology at Ferryland has been largely oriented to discovering the site of the Mansion House. Recent excavations at Locus B have uncovered an area in use c. 1630-1670. Many ceramic vessels have been recovered. Analysis of this material permits the testing of hypotheses about Locus B and about social and economic conditions on the English Shore. Such an analysis requires explicit identification of the wares and vessel forms occurring. The distribution of wares and vessel forms can be compared with occurrence at other Early Modern sites. Analysis suggests that Locus B was used as a cookroom until c. 1640, that it is near the Mansion House or some other gentry residence and that the inhabitants depended on imported fats, enjoyed good health and were avid consumers of alcohol. An exhaustive catalogue of distinguishable vessels is presented and major finds are illustrated.