title: Nonlinear transient analysis based on power waves and state variables

contributor:
Christoffersen, Carlos
Atoofian, Ehsan

subject:
Transients (Electricity)
Electric circuits, Nonlinear

abstract:
Muhammad Ershadul Kabir was born in Chittagong, Bangladesh on July 15, 1982. He
received the Bachelor of Science in Electrical and Electronic Engineering from Bangladesh University
of Engineering and Technology (BUET) in Dhaka, Bangladesh in June, 2005. From July,
2005 to August, 2008 he worked in Motorola Telecommunication Bangladesh Pvt. Ltd. as System
Engineer. During this time, he designed many SDH and PDH communication networks for
different Wireless and PSTN operators in Bangladesh.
In September 2008 he enrolled in the Masters program of Electrical and Computer Engineering
in Lakehead University and move in Canada along with his wife. His research interests include
Computer Aided Design (CAD) of Circuit and systems, Simulation Techniques and Algorithms,
Parallel computing system and parallel Implementation of CAD tools, Implementation of CAD
tools in Graphics processing unit (GPU), Analog and mixed-signal circuit design, VLSI circuit
design. He is a student member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).


title: Adaptive backstepping control of quadrotors with neural-network

subject:
Quadrotor
Quadrotor UAV
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)
Control design

abstract:
A quadrotor is a type of unmanned aerial vehicles. It has been widely used in aerial
photography. The quadrotor has the capability of vertical takeoff and landing, which is very
useful in small or narrow areas. The mechanical structure of a quadrotor is also simple,
which makes it easy to produce and maintain. It is a strong candidate for a future means
of transportation. In practical applications, it is commonly controlled by a proportional
integral derivative controller.
In this thesis, two nonlinear controllers are designed to control the attitude and the position
of a quadrotor by using the backstepping technique. The attitude is estimated by a nonlinear
attitude estimator, which is based on a nonlinear explicit complementary filter. It uses
data from a six axis inertial measurement unit and a three axis magnetometer to calculate
the estimated attitude. To avoid the singularity problem like "gimbal lock" in Euler angle
attitude representation, the unit quaternion attitude representation is applied in the controller
derivation. However, the Euler angle representation is easier for people to imagine the
actual attitude of a quadrotor. To make it more readable, the results of the experiments
are converted to the Euler angle representation. During the derivation of a backstepping
controller, a neural-network is applied to estimate the nonlinear terms in the system. The
universal approximation theorem is the principle for the estimation of nonlinear terms.
Besides, a two step controller is derived by modifying the backstepping controller with four
steps. The two step controller is developed by an adaptive method for both the nonlinear
terms and the moment of inertia. Analysis shows the boundedness of the closed-loop system
with both controllers.
Finally, the proposed controllers are tested on a true quadrotor system. Experimental
results show the effectiveness of the two proposed controllers. Also, comparison between two
controllers are carried out. In addition, some future works are discussed.


title: Petrography and mineralogy of the Lac de Gras kimberlite field, Slave Province, Northwest Territories : a comparative study

subject: Kimberlite Northwest Territories Lac de Gras Region

subject: Mineralogy Northwest Territories Lac de Gras Region

subject: Petrology Northwest Territories Lac de Gras Region

abstract:
The kimberlites studied from the Lac de Gras area are composed o f two broad textural
types: hypabyssal kimberlite and volcaniclastic kimberlite. Hypabyssal kimberlite is present
within small isolated dyke segments and in direct contact with volcaniclastic kimberlite within
vent infill. The latter likely represents small, sub-horizontal sills emplaced subsequent to vent
excavation and infill. Volcaniclastic kimberlite occurs as well-to-poorly sorted, often poorly
consolidated vent infill. Abundant xenoliths of wall rock and xenocrysts of mica, feldspar, and
quartz characterize the volcaniclastic rock, suggesting that most of the volcaniclastic kimberlite
has been subjected to resedimentation processes. Juvenile lapilli (both vesiculated and non-vesiculated)
are very common, but are often poorly-developed. A conspicuous feature of these
kimberlite vents is the presence of wood fragments, discrete xenoliths of non-kimberlitic
sediment and well-laminated beds of non-kimberlitic mudstone and siltstone. Pyroclastic
kimberlite appears to be present within the kimberlites at Lac de Gras, but only accounts for a
minor part of the vent infill. The pyroclastic kimberlite contains abundant juvenile lapilli and
may show textures indicative of welding and molding. The Lac de Gras kimberlites are mainly
small, steep-sided vents infilled with resedimented volcaniclastic kimberlite ± pyroclastic
kimberlite ± non-kimberlitic sediment ± small hypabyssal sills. No tuffisitic breccias, the
hallmark of diatreme-facies kimberlite, were recognized within the kimberlite vents and appear to
be absent from the Lac de Gras kimberlites.
All features observed within the Lac de Gras kimberlites are characteristic of but not
exclusive to, kimberlites. The composition of spinel, phlogopite and monticellite are typical of
archetypal kimberlites, although spinels are conspicuously aluminous and phlogopites Ba-rich.
The nature of the primary texture, mineralogy and mantle-derived xenocrysts indicates that these
rocks are archetypal kimberlites.
Comparing the character of kimberlite vents from the Fort à la Come area (maar-like
phreatomagmatic model) and the Orapa A/K I kimberlite (southern African “classic” diatreme
model) shows that there are two contrasting end-member emplacement mechanisms which are
repeated in time and space. The former is driven by meteoric water in phreatomagmatic
processes, while much debate exists whether the later is driven by juvenile gases (fluidization
model) or hydrovolcanic processes. Near-surface geological setting at the time of emplacement
appears to have played a critical role in determining the emplacement process of the kimberlite
magma. Kimberlites discovered in the Lac de Gras area do not conform to either end-member emplacement models and serve to highlight that a third, intermediate model will need to be
developed to account for the features observed.
Clearly, two distinct processes were responsible for the emplacement of the Lac de Gras
kimberlites: vent excavation and vent infill. Phreatomagmatic processes likely contributed
significantly to the excavation o f the kimberlite vents and a flaring explosion crater or maar was
excavated into the soft, overlying sediments. The resultant ejecta was deposited as extra-crater
material as a tuff ring or cone. This material was subsequently reworked and redeposited within
the evacuated vent by debris flow and mass wasting processes incorporating a large amount of
xenolithic material. The thin pyroclastic kimberlite beds within the vents are the result of either
minor pyroclastic activity that continued through a central conduit during vent infill, or primary
pyroclastic kimberlite initially deposited within the tuff cone/ring, which subsequently fell back
into the vent with little reworking, as a coherent mass preserving the primary textures of the tuff.
In the later scenario the “pyroclastic kimberlite” units are in fact resedimented “pseudopyroclastic”
volcaniclastic kimberlite.
Clearly, more detailed studies need to be undertaken on these enigmatic kimberlites to
constrain further the nature o f their infill and emplacement. This can only occur with the creation
of better exposures during mining and advanced exploration activities.


title: Photolysis of para-substituted styrene polymers

contributor:
Hoodless, I. M.
Weir, Neil A.

subject: Photochemistry. Polymers.

abstract:
This thesis describes the photolysis of para-substituted
styrene polymers. Poly(vinylacetophenone), poly(p-bromostyrene),
poly(p-chlorostyrene), poly(p-fluorostyrene), poly(p-isopropylstyrene),
poly(p-methoxystyrene), and poly(p-tert-butylstyrene) films have been
irradiated with short-wave ultraviolet radiation (wavelengths less
than 300nm) under high vacuum at 25°C. Poly(vinyl acetophenone) has
also been irradiated with long-wave ultraviolet radiation (wavelengths
greater than 300nm) under high vacuum at 25°C.


title: Production of functional textile filaments from chemically modified cellulose fibers

subject:
Cellulose regeneration
Cellulose fibers
Kraft pulp
Cross-linked textile filaments

abstract:
Cellulose is the most abundant natural polymer on earth originated from renewable plant biomass.
Among all plant sources, cotton fibers contain the highest amount of pure cellulose, which is used
directly in textile fibers for yarn and fabric production. Cellulose fibers (more commonly referred
to as pulp fibers) are extracted through various pulping processes to remove the lignin andC
hemicellulose, which increases the overall alpha-cellulose contents. However, cellulose fibers
have a lower aspect ratio and do not fulfill the technical requirements for textile and yarn
production. However, the aspect ratio can be increased by dissolving the cellulose fibers in an
appropriate solution to regenerate them for getting continuous filaments. Currently, cellulose
regeneration processes require toxic chemical processes that are not environmentally friendly and
required extensive pre-treatment. In this study, we developed a green method to produce textile
filaments from existing kraft pulp (cellulose) fibers. The cellulose fibers were chemically modified
to produce a low-substituted carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and dialdehyde cellulose (DAC). The
CMC and DAC gels were then extruded through a wet-spinning process to obtain cross-linked
textile filaments. These filaments have a low content of carboxylic groups (∼1.4 mmol/g cellulose)
and aldehyde groups (∼1.5 mmol/g cellulose) and underwent a significant reduction of water
absorption with high mechanical strength. In this work, the degree of hydrophilicity of the
produced filaments was optimized by controlling the functional groups (carboxyl and aldehyde).
We also focus on other conditions that affect the hydrophilicity of the filaments to achieve similar
absorption properties of cotton fabric (i.e., water uptake - 1.5 g/g yarn).


title: Perfectionism, motivational orientation and academic performance

subject:
Achievement motivation
Perfectionism (Personality trait)
Motivation in education

abstract:
The present study examined the association between perfectionism and academic
performance, as well as how motivational orientations (fear of failure and achievement
motivation) and achievement goals (performance-approach, performance-avoidance, and
mastery goals) are interrelated in predicting marks. Two hundred and eight university
students completed a questionnaire package that included eight perfectionism subscales,
and measures of achievement motivation, trait test anxiety, and achievement goal scales
early in the fall semester. Marks in Introduction to Psychology (December exam) were
used as a measure of academic performance. Perfectionism made independent
contributions to the prediction of marks above and beyond that accounted for by
motivational orientations and achievement goals, with significant unique contributions
made by the personal standards, parental expectations, and organization perfectionism
subscales. Students who had higher personal standards, lower parental expectations and
lower organization attained higher marks. In addition, those who had a fear of failure
orientation, as well as those who endorsed performance-avoidance goals generally
obtained lower grades.


title: Bioenergetic evaluation of a whole-lake nanosilver addition on Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens)

contributor:
Rennie, Michael
Carney, Joseph
Mackereth, Rob

subject:
Bioenergetics modelling
Yellow perch (Perca flavescens)
Fish energetics
Nanosilver
Northern pike

abstract: Nanosilver (nAg) is an antibacterial and antimicrobial agent. Its wide use in hundreds of commercial products and industrial applications suggests a high potential for release into the environment. Previous research indicates that nAg induces different physiological responses in aquatic organisms, with different toxicological thresholds than ionic silver, indicating that nAg may require a separate regulatory framework for policy on environmental release. As part of a collaborative nAg addition study (environmental concentrations = 1-15μg/L), conducted at the IISD-Experimental Lakes Area, I evaluated changes in Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens) bioenergetics at the individual-level, and extrapolated modelled rates to the population-level for comparison before, during, and after whole-lake nAg addition. Condition and abundance of predatory Northern Pike (Esox lucius) were also examined. Results were compared to a nearby unmanipulated reference lake monitored over the same period. Perch consumption and total metabolism decreased during and after nAg addition in the experimental lake. Activity levels became increasingly variable with nAg addition, but decreased on average. Growth rates and conversion efficiency appeared unaffected in both lakes. Abundance and condition of perch remained constant over the study. By contrast, survivability of pike increased after nAg addition ceased, however, condition did not improve. Gross consumption of zooplankton and benthic invertebrates by perch declined during and after nAg addition. This study evaluated fish effects in relation to the rest of the ecosystem – achievable only through whole-lake experimentation. Based on these results, nAg appears to have had significant adverse impacts on fish during the two years of exposure.


title: Lived experiences of six students who choose to re-enter a nursing program

contributor:
Blaikie, Fiona
Fennell, Hope-Arlene

subject:
Nursing
Adult education
Nursing Study and teaching

abstract:
In light of an impending nursing shortage, student retention is a priority concern
for nurse educators. In this study, the lived experiences of six students of nursing who
leave an undergraduate program and subsequently return are examined. A
phenomenological, grounded theory approach reveals the following emergent themes:
motivation, obstacles to success, support, and achieving success in the nursing program.
Analysis of findings reveals numerous motivating forces that persist throughout the entire
student experience. The tremendous impact of obstacles as well as support from various
sources is also evident. Persistence, the use of effective time management, and the
establishment of self-confidence emerge as essential components in the achievement of
success in a nursing program. The significant roles of educational institutions and the
nursing profession in student achievement and retention are clearly visible in this study.
Recommendations for change within these facets of nursing education are presented.


title: This land is our land?  This land is your land : exploring the decolonizing journeys of White outdoor environmental educators

subject:
Outdoor Education
Canada
Environmental education
Research
Native Peoples
Indigenous peoples
Indians of North America
Eurocentricism
Decolonization

abstract: My own decolonizing journey has fostered a curiosity about the experiences of other White outdoor environmental educators who are engaged in the process of decolonizing their own practices and worldview. This qualitative study explored the nature of "decolonizing moments" in the lives of four White outdoor environmental educators. It addresses the overarching questions: What is the nature of the decolonizing journeys of White outdoor environmental educators? And what life experiences facilitate this process? The research process itself also served as a decolonizing experience as the study engaged both the researcher and the participants in a reflexive experience that was intended to refine our decolonizing lenses and help us to further decolonize our teaching praxis.


title: A qualitative content analysis of the representations of health, income and income distribution in the Canadian press

subject:
Media and health
Health and income inequality

abstract:
For both the lay public and policy makers, the media are an important source of health
information. While media discourses about health are not uniform, some perspectives are more
commonly reported than others. In reviewing Canadian media on health, the biomedical, the
lifestyle, and the social determinants’ models of disease aetiology can all be found; however,
more critical components of the social determinants’ model, such as income and income
distribution, receive limited attention. Income and its distribution is a key social determinant of
health because of its interconnectedness with many other health determinants, yet it remains an
underreported theme in media discourse. Using a qualitative content analysis, this study
examines the relationship between health, income and its distribution as represented in two major
national Canadian newspapers.
My findings illustrate that in such agenda-setting Canadian newspapers, the relationship
between health, income and income distribution was not presented as a salient determinant of
health. This was manifest through low frequency of coverage, article positioning and news
article structure. Health researchers and health care professionals contributed little to the
discussion of the health-income relationship within Canadian media. When the relationship was
acknowledged, it was journalists themselves who attempted to move the agenda forward. The
responsibility and burden for this complex relationship was primarily positioned from a systemic
perspective. While the focus on social responsibilities rather than on individual responsibilities
was encouraging, the overall discussion of the health-income relationship was located primarily
within the access to health care debate; where poverty or low income was positioned as a barrier
to access. These observations highlight tensions around current views of health and the challenges for policymakers, health researchers, health professionals and the lay public to move
away from biomedical notions of health.


title: Effects of roads and log hauling on woodland caribou use of a traditional wintering area near Armstrong, Ontario

contributor:
Duinker, Peter N.
Cumming, Harold G.

subject: Woodland caribou Effect of logging on Ontario, Northwestern

subject: Woodland caribou Wintering Ontario, Northwestern

subject: Woodland caribou Effect of logging on Ontario Armstrong Region

abstract:
Increasing concern for the viability of forest-dwelling woodland
caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) in Ontario has resulted in
recommendations for more restrictive timber harvesting practices.
Caribou populations have steadily retreated northward except for small
remnant populations. While there is much agreement that the
fundamental cause of the decline is timber management. there is much
less agreement on the proximate causes. Debate has focussed upon
three causal hypotheses: 1) habitat degradation or change: 2) predation:
and 3) displacement or stress by human activities in critical habitats
such as wintering or calving areas.
A three-year field experiment (fall 1990-spring 1993) tested the
third hypothesis and showed that woodland caribou significantly
altered their winter dispersion when log trucks drove through their
traditional wintering area. All radio-collared caribou that occupied the
experimental area moved 8-60 km after log hauling began. Track counts
indicated that most caribou moved 3-60 km away from the road after it
was plowed and hauling commenced. often into range that had fewer
lichens and more predators than winter refugia. In a nearby
undisturbed control area. no such movements occurred.
The Wabinosh Road prime study area bisects a traditional
wintering area of open-stocked mature jack pine (Pinus banksiana
Lamb.) and black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) with lichen
( Cladina spp.) ground cover. Caribou presence and movements were
monitored by fixed-wing aircraft using both high-level telemetry and
low-level transects recording tracks.
Pronounced habitat partitioning between moose (Alces alces) and
caribou excluded moose from the caribou wintering area. Grey wolf
(Canis lupus) tracks were frequently associated with the moose tracks.,
but rarely near caribou tracks. No wolf predation on caribou was
observed within the winter refugia: three kills were found outside them.
Wolf predation was almost exclusively upon moose. frequently utilizing
roads and human trails to access them.
Due to the possibility of displacing caribou from winter refugia to
places with higher predation risk. winter log hauling through caribou
winter habitat should be avoided wherever possible.


title: The role of self efficacy in constraints negotiation : rural Nova Scotia physical education teachers ability to implement outdoor education

contributor:
Russell, Connie
Cuthbertson, Brent
Potter, Tom

subject:
Outdoor education
Outdoor pursuits module
Physical education
Constraint negotiation
Self-efficacy
Mentoring
Nova Scotia

abstract:
Previous research has highlighted a noticeable shift from humans, especially
children and youth, engaging in activities in natural environments to an increasing
tendency to participate in sedentary activities in front of a screen. Nova Scotia has taken
steps to reduce the disconnect from the natural environment many youth are
experiencing through implementation of a Grade 10 Outdoor Pursuits module into the
public education system. However, even with the support of the province of Nova Scotia
and school boards, research indicates that experience and attitudinal barriers of teachers
implementing outdoor education are as compelling as economic and logistical barriers.
The purpose of this study was to increase understanding of outdoor education in two
Nova Scotia school boards through analysis of teachers’ experiences on the ground. In
particular, understanding the constraints teachers face implementing and delivering the
Outdoor Pursuits module and the relationship between physical education teachers’
motivation and perceived self-efficacy, and how they negotiated the constraints they do
face. Overall, teachers’ implementing the module identified with the importance of
getting students outside in their own backyards in the hope of promoting lifelong learning
and physically active lifestyles. However, the findings illustrated that although a strong
focus of the province and school boards has been on acquiring the physical supports
needed, such as equipment and resources, developing self-efficacy of teachers and
building social networks was more influential to participation levels. Key amongst the
major influences in developing teachers’ self-efficacy with Outdoor Pursuits were being
comfortable with and exhibiting a mastery of activities, experiencing the pursuits under
the guidance of someone else who could successfully model it, and receiving peer
support, feedback and discussion to stimulate excitement and the acquisition of
knowledge. The evidence from this study indicates that training, the provision of
mentors, and creating a structure of peer support are vital to raising teachers’ confidence,
thereby enabling them to successfully negotiate future constraints.


title: Image-based visual servoing of a VTOL UAV

subject:
Robot vision
Drone aircraft
Automatic control
Vertically rising aircraft

abstract: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are an area of significant research activity these days because of their use in dull, dangerous, and dirty tasks. Lack of human pilot paves the way for advanced and more sophisticated control algorithms that should just not control each and every aspect of flight dynamics but also accomplish the disired task at the same time. Visual Servoing is one way of controlling the attitude and position of aircrafts by using camera as a sensor.


title: Laurier and the Liberal Party, 1916-1919.

subject:
Laurier
Liberal Party of Canada

abstract: This thesis is an analysis of Laurier's leadership of the Liberal Party during the years 1916-1919.


title: It is only the beginning: an ethnohistory of mid-twentieth century land tenure in Fort Severn, Ontario

contributor:
Hamilton, Scott
Dowsley, Martha
Beaulieu, Michel
Southcott, Chris

subject:
Mid-20th century trapping
Foreign land tenure system
Ontario trapline history
Cross-cultural economic interaction
Aboriginal trappers

abstract:
This research presents the results of sixteen interviews with Mushkego
(Swampy Cree) elders from the community of Fort Severn, Ontario. The
interviews focused on commercial and subsistence trapping conducted in the
mid-20th century, specifically the period around the imposition of a foreign land
tenure system by provincial authorities. A variety of themes were identified in the
interviews related to traditional knowledge, animal-human relationships, access
to mechanisms of controlling land use, and relationships within and without the
community. Special focus was paid to the history of relations between the
community and the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR) and its
predecessors. The interviews were compared to historical developments in the
fur trade and wildlife conservation. The analysis concludes that the community
experienced repeated reductions in social-ecological resilience during the 19th
and 20th centuries, due to increasing social and economic marginalization
coupled with the reduction of access to their land and resources. A widespread
outbreak of infectious disease among beaver populations contributed to reasons
for abandoning the imposed land tenure system. After the 1950s, the trapline
boundaries defined by the province were largely retained in name only. In the
1990s they were co-opted in a co-management process, and elders noted that
continued use of the land (including the traplines) is a tool in maintaining their
rights to the land.


title: Books and readers, 1595 : a survey and analysis of all books printed in England or in English abroad during the year 1595

subject: English literature Early modern, 1500-1700 History and criticism

subject: Bibliography Early printed books 16th century

subject: Books History 1400-1600


title: Promoting self-disclosure from prison inmates

subject:
Self-disclosure
Prisoners Attitudes

abstract:
This study examined the effects of interviewer self-disclosure on
the self-disclosure of 40 male prison inmates and 40 male university
students. A four-point scale was used for rating the intimacy of selfdisclosure, the number of statements were counted for scoring the breadth
of self-disclosure, and a stop watch was used to time the duration of
self-disclosure. The three measures correlated highly with each others
indicating all were good measures of self-disclosure. The self-disclosure
reciprocity effect was demonstrated with both prison inmates and university
students. It was also found that overall, prison inmates self-disclosed
significantly less < .05) than university students. The personality
variables of extroversion and neuroticism, as measured by the Eysenck
Personality Inventory, were also examined. Prison inmates were significantly lower than university students on extroversion < .001) and
no different than university students on neuroticism. It was also found
that extroversion was positively related to self-disclosure. However,
neuroticism was not related to either self-disclosure or to extroversion.


title: Failure in the frostbelt : the city in winter / by Andriko John Lozowy.

subject:
Cities and towns in literature
Snow - Sociological aspects
Cities and towns in art
Winter culture
Thunder Bay (Ontario)

abstract:
"The result of a culture rigidly atomized by individual autonomy has meant that even winter’s icy chill has not prompted a spirit of collective gathering amongst citizens. Instead, the contemporary urban winter is marked as a repeatedly failed attempt at obliterating a fear of death. The chapters that follow depict an unbridled, poetico-sociological rendering of four common winter forms or objects; the themes of failure and death have become underpaintings upon which all else has taken shape. ... In terms of a structure of analysis 1 have employed a loose ethnographic
model upon which to build an interpretive understanding of the urban winter."--Introduction


title: Women principals and conflict

subject:
Women in education
Intergroup relations
Women school administrators

abstract:
The main purpose of this study was to explore the ways in which women
principals perceived and resolved conflicts. The second purpose was to produce research
on women principals and conflict from a uniquely female Canadian perspective.
The data for this study was collected using two methods: a Critical Incident
Technique questionnaire and follow -up semi-structured interviews. Both methods were
analyzed by grouping data with similar ideas into themes and sub themes. Using both
methods provided a means of testing and triangulation of the data. The key research
questions guiding this study were (1) how do women principals perceive conflict? And
(2) what strategies do women principals use to resolve conflict?
It was determined that women principals perceived conflict as an inevitable,
constant and enduring part of the role of the principalship. The participants also held
differing perceptions that conflict could be negative, positive, or behavioral. This
dispelled the fictitious notion that women hate conflict and avoid it at all costs.
It was also determined that women principals used the same strategies as men to
resolve and manage conflicts. Furthermore, five strategies emerged that went beyond the
body of literature framework that was presented within this thesis, namely
communication, apologizing when wrong, asking outside sources for help, reflection and
being fair. These strategies corresponded with a softer administrative style that values
integrity, fairness and the maintenance of personal relationships.


title: Becoming an ESL Teacher: An Autoethnography

subject:
Teacher identity
Adult ESL teaching in Canada

abstract:
In this thesis I studied the teacher identity development journey I underwent while completing
my first term of teaching adult ESL learners at a post-secondary institute in Ontario. I addressed
three questions. Firstly, I examined how my relationships with administration and colleagues
impacted my second language (L2) teacher identity development. Secondly, I examined how
sustained teaching experience influenced my L2 teacher identity development and pedagogical
content knowledge. Thirdly, I examined the extent to which my L2 teacher identity was formed
after my first teaching term. Autoethnography was the qualitative research method I used to
answer my questions. In autoethnography, the experiences of the author undergo careful
analysis with the aim of better apprehending cultural experiences (Ellis, 2004). This was the
most suitable methodology to employ as it let me creatively examine my L2 teacher identity
development from the perspective of both an outsider analyst and insider member (Reed-
Danahay, 1997). The process of systematic sociological introspection (SSI) made the creation of
the autoethnography possible. SSI (Ellis, 2008) involved four steps: (1) compiling relevant data
(i.e., journal, communication records); (2) reading the data to determine pivotal events related to
my L2 teacher identity development; (3) using the data and my memory to produce an narrative
recreating these events; and, (4) revising the narrative until an aesthetically pleasing and
logically plotted final draft was made. After the final draft of the autoethnography was
completed, an analysis of my L2 teacher identity development was conducted using Bullough’s
(2005) theoretical framework. Through the analysis, I concluded that my professional
relationships had a very strong impact on my L2 teacher identity development. I found that even
though supportive colleagues and supervisors within my community of practice freely offered
me membership, I had a difficult time determining if I deserved or wanted it. In addition, the analysis showed me that sustained teaching time had overwhelmingly positive ramifications for
my L2 teacher identity. With time, I gained more confidence and felt more legitimate in the
classroom. As a result of this growth in confidence and legitimacy, I was able to transition from
playing the role of an ESL teacher to actually being feeling like one. Further, sustained teaching
time also had positive ramifications for my pedagogical content knowledge, as I acquired a
greater understanding of classroom management strategies, ESL subject matter, and pedagogical
strategies. Finally, the analysis revealed that while I had an initial teacher identity after the
completion of four months in the classroom, I still had key issues I needed to address in order to
become the teacher I truly wanted to be. I recognized that I had to tackle my monolingualism, as
well as learn more about pedagogical content knowledge, inter-cultural mediation, and colleague
collaboration.


title: Towards the optimisation of a detection system for markers linked to neural tube defects

contributor:
Matheson, Carney
Malek, Ladislav
Law, David

subject: Neural tube defects

subject: Neural tube abnormalities (Genetic aspects Research)

subject: Genetic mutations

subject: Mutation detection

abstract:
Neural tube defects are the second most common birth defect of the central
nervous system. The aim of this research is to design and optimise a novel detection
system to analyse five markers that have been shown to be linked to neural tube
defects. The developed detection system consists of three steps: an initial multiplex
PCR, a hemi-nested multiplex PCR, and a multiplex SNE-PCR using the ABI Prism®
SNaPshot™ kit. The additional step of a hemi-nested PCR has been incorporated to
increase the sensitivity and specificity of the test. By detecting all five markers
simultaneously, the linkage between each of the mutations can be ascertained more
rapidly than if detected independently. Four different sample types were analysed,
modern DNA, experimentally degraded DNA, medical specimens and archeological
samples. The genotypes were successfully generated for all the samples except the
archeological samples, where only partial genotypes were achieved. The designed
detection system can be applied to archive medical specimens (biopsies, smears, and
blood donor cards), archeological material, and other degraded samples. Future
applications of this technique can include medical screening, population mapping,
association studies, familial pedigrees, and the study of the evolution of diseases. This
developed three step methodology can be applied to the detection of other diseases
and conditions.


title: Cut-to-length operation business plan for Algonquin Park and Ottawa Valley forests

subject:
Cut-to-length harvesting
Forestry (Ottawa Valley)
Forest industry

abstract: This undergraduate thesis is a business plan for cut-to-length operations in the Ottawa Valley and Algonquin Park forests. The purpose of the thesis is to construct a business plan with the necessary costing models that contractors need to develop a successful cut-to-length harvesting business. This will equip contractors and license holders with the necessary costing models to understand important variables in the operation and how these variables impact net profitability. This thesis uses multiple costing and revenue models to project the costs involved in extended forwarding distant applications and determine whether these conditions are economically feasible.


title: Geochemical and toxicological investigation of the Hogarth and Caland Pit Lakes, former Steep Rock Iron Mine site

contributor:
Lee, Peter
Leung, Kam
Fralick, Philip

subject:
Geochemistry
Ontario
Atikokan Region
Limnology
Iron mines and mining
Environmental aspects
Water
Toxicology

abstract: The closure of the Steep Rock Iron Mines near Atikokan, Ontario, Canada in the late 1970's left behind an area of severe environmental concern. The subsequent flooding of the pit mines resulted in the formation of two adjacent pit lakes, Hogarth and Caland. As water levels in the two pit lakes continue to rise, the water columns are exposed to differing proportions of various wall rocks. The geochemical influence is likely the major control on the unique and dynamic water chemistries of the two pit lakes.


title: Effects of behavioral statistics on game performances of secondary school female basketball players

contributor:
Widdop, J. A.
Rushall, Brent S.

subject:
Basketball Records
Basketball Coaching
Basketball Statistics

abstract:
This study was designed to assess the effects of integrating
player gathered statistics on players' performance in a senior
secondary school girls' basketball team. The nine subjects ranged
in age from 16-19 years. A multiple baseline design replicated
across behaviors and subjects was selected for the study.
Behaviors tested were; offensive rebounds, defensive rebounds, and
assists for the forwards; steal's, deflections, and assists for the
guards. Each player, while on the bench, was required to collect
statistics on a playing teammate. Upon substitution, these roles
were reversed. At the conclusion of the game the coach and team
manager pro-rated the player gathered behavior rates to actual time
played. When the players had finished changing they perused their
game data and established and recorded their personal performance
standards for the next game in their notebooks. At practice between games, and in warm-ups prior to a contest each player checked her
notebook and reminded herself of her goals. Concurrent feedback was
provided to each individual throughout the games as progress
information toward personal goal attainment.
Of the 26 behaviors tested, 20 altered with respect to increase
in magnitude. The six behaviors not achieving changes in magnitude
according to the pre-established criteria positively altered with
regard to variability. All behaviors altered due to the experimental
intervention. The effect was greater than one would expect by chance
and deemed the method of gathering behavioral statistics, establishing goals, pro-rating the data, and providing concurrent feedback during
a game to be effective for significantly altering behaviors in the
subjects of the study.


title: "Omar comin" : examining hegemonic masculinities in The Wire

contributor:
Walton, Gerald
Mastrangelo, Sonia

subject: Hegemonic masculinity

subject: Connecting media to understanding masculinities

abstract:
This research explores ways that masculinity is depicted in the HBO series The Wire, which
aired for five seasons from 2002-2008. More specifically, I examine and analyze the character of
Omar Little and his portrayals of hegemonic masculinities (HMs) and nonhegemonic
masculinities (nonHMs) through a framework proposed by gender theorist James
Messerschmidt. He calls for an unraveling of the concepts of HMs and nonHMs to aid in
discovering which gender presentations accurately legitimate unequal patriarchal gender
relations (2016). Omar Little transcends traditional notions of HMs based on his social location
and provides insights about HMs and nonHMs that enhances clarity and understanding. An
analysis of Omar’s gender presentation through the Messerschmidt framework offers young men
and boys, and people in general, an opportunity to break away from the conventional ways in
which masculinity is depicted and perceived in society. As an alternative to the traditional views
of manhood that provide a standard to which young men and boys may feel compelled to fulfill,
such representations of HMs and nonHMs in The Wire challenge the status quo and convey less
oppressive and less violent ways of being a man.


title: Annotated list of the ants of the Thunder Bay District

contributor:
Graham, W. M.
Freitag, R.

subject:
Ants (Thunder Bay, Ont.)
North American ant species

abstract:
Thirty nine species and subspecies of ants were collected from the Thunder Bay District of Ontario, Canada, in the summer of 1970.
Extensions of known range were recorded for Leptothorax poss. texanus, Camponotus pennsylvanicus, Formica fossaceps, F. integra tahonensis, F. oreas, F. marcida, and F. montana.
Dates of reproductive flights were recorded for Dolichoderus taschenbergi, Camponotus herculeanus, Lasius pallitarsis, and Formica fossaceps.
Interesting habitats and behaviourisms were recorded for each of the species.


title: The effects of soil compaction on the germination and growth of Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana

contributor:
Dang, Qing-Lai
Meyer, Lense
Man, Rongzhou

subject: Soil compaction and seed germination

subject: Forest regeneration

subject: Effects of compaction (plant and tree growth)

subject: Seedlings (growth and germination)

abstract: Soil compaction has long been an issue for the forestry industry. Soil compaction can reduce soil aeration, porosity and drainage, and restrict the growth and success of trees and other plants. The objective of this study is to determine how the degree of soil compaction affects the seed germination and seedling growth of jack pine (Pinus banksiana) and black spruce (Picea mariana). The study was carried out in a greenhouse at the Lakehead University Thunder Bay campus. Silty clay loam soil was used for the study and the treatment consisted of four levels of compaction with the bulk densities of 0.9 g/cm3 (C), 1.1 g/cm3 (C1), 1.2 g/cm3 (C2), and 1.3 g/cm3 (C3). The soil compaction was implemented in buckets of 36 cm in height and 30.2 cm in diameter. Each treatment level was replicated five times. Seed germination was tallied daily. Seedling height and root collar diameter were measured after 18 weeks of seedling growth. Then the seedlings were harvested. The foliage and root systems were scanned and analyzed using the Regen WinSeedle and WinRhizo systems, respectively, and the following parameters were subject to statistical analysis: root length and diameter, total root length, and projected and surface areas of roots, average needle length, average needle width, total leaf area and the number of needles per seedling. The biomass of roots, total biomass, as well as root to shoot ratios, were determined after the samples were dried in a drying oven at 80 C for 48h. It was found that root biomass, total biomass, root to shoot ratios, main root lengths, seedling height, total root length, average root diameter, root surface area, and the number of root tips were significantly affected by soil compaction and were generally significantly different between the two species, except for the root to shoot ratios. While root diameters increased under increased compaction, every other growth parameter faced general downward trends in growth. Under the most severely compacted soil (C3), total root lengths and number of root tips decreased by 64.6% and 76.2%, respectively in Picea mariana. Large reductions in the main root lengths and the number of root tips were found for P. banksiana under the most severely compacted soil as well, with reductions of 46.4% and 46.7%, respectively. The reductions by soil compaction of all the measured growth parameters were greater in P. mariana than in P. banksiana. Overall, this study illustrates that while the growth of both species was negatively affected by all levels of soil compaction, P. banksiana was less sensitive than P. mariana, suggesting that jack pine may have a competitive advantage over black spruce on sites with soil compaction. Therefore, all efforts should be made to avoid or minimize soil compaction in forestry operations to maintain the forest productivity of the site.


title: Adult Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder & smoking : an overview of epidemiological data, a review of current studies and the need for future research in Northwestern Ontario

subject: Attention-deficit disorder in adults Ontario, Northwestern

subject: Attention-deficit-disordered adults Tobacco use Ontario, Northwestern

subject: Smoking Health aspects Ontario, Northwestern

abstract:
This research project was designed to provide a summary of the studies related to
adult ADHD and smoking, and utilize these findings to improve future research about
adult ADHD and smoking in Northwestern Ontario. The project is split into three main
sections: 1) The Epidemiology of ADHD, Smoking, and Substance Abuse Among the
United States, Canada, Ontario and Thunder Bay; 2) Adult ADHD & Smoking: A
Review of the Literature; and, 3) Paving the Way for Research in ADHD and Smoking in
NW Ontario. A literature review was conducted for each particular section including a
search of relevant English databases as well as the grey literature. A more detailed
explanation of the methods used can be found in the beginning of each section.
Overview of Section 1: The Epidemiology of ADHD, Smoking, and Substance Abuse
Among the United States, Canada, Ontario and Thunder Bay


title: Social construction of the middle class : class identification and class images of young Canadians

subject:
Social class theories
Class consciousness (Canada)

abstract:
There is a contradiction between some of the theoretical
issues regarding class and the results of subjective class
identification research in the United States and in Canada.
Arguments concerning the decline of the middle class and debates
regarding the validity of the concept of class are met by a
consistent self-identification of a majority of the population as
middle-class.
The aim of this thesis is to help us understand the apparent
contradiction by considering how some young Canadians identify as
and construct images of the middle class. Two hundred and forty
nine undergraduate students from two Ontarian Universities
completed a questionnaire comprised of open-ended and multiple choice
questions.
Results indicate that: 1) Participants in this study have
vivid and salient images of who is and who is not, in their view,
a member of the middle class; 2) Economic criteria are frequently
used, but these are most often stated in qualified terms and
combined with criteria concerning social and cultural capital or
life style and values; 3) Some redundant economic criteria
construct what could be seen as the "middle-class cocoon," a
composite image of financial well-being, conservative spending
patterns, feelings of security, and a strong work ethic; 4)
Criteria regarding social and cultural capital or life style and
values construct an image of a large and dominant middle class from
which, on the other hand most of the population would be excluded, according to judgmental criteria; 5) Indications of a relationship
between class and other aspects of social identity such as gender
and ethnicity were not conclusive, but responses to a few of the
questions indicate a need for further investigation.
At the end of this process, we find a three-level class
structure in which the middle class distinguishes itself from the
upper class on the basis of ascribed criteria and from the lower
class on the basis of achieved criteria. The middle class earns its
status above the lower class and is not part of the upper class
only because of fate. By the combination of a claim to size and
inclusion with a set of selective and judgmental criteria, the
middle class is socially constructed as an "exclusive majority."


title: Evaluation of sexual health program : client survey / by Alexandria Kells.

subject:
Sex Health aspects Ontario
Hygiene, Sexual Ontario
Sexually transmitted diseases Ontario

abstract: Study area : Simco Muskoka District Health Unit (Ontario) service area.

abstract:
The purpose of this study was to examine the opinions of current clients of
the sexual health clinics operated by the Simcoe Muskoka District Health Unit (SMDHU)
concerning the existing delivery of clinic service. The SMDHU is mandated to provide
contraceptive and sexually transmitted infection (STI) services for vulnerable groups,
including adolescents. Contraceptive services are limited to those aged 20 and younger,
while STI services are provided for all ages. The SMDHU has targeted the adolescent
population for its sexual health services, particularly its birth control services, as youth
are among those at highest risk of negative consequences associated with unplanned
pregnancies and STIs.
Study objectives were to determine the types of service that the clients of the
sexual health clinics felt they required; to determine which aspects of service the clients
perceived as most important; and to determine the level of client satisfaction with the
clinic locations, service availability, confidentiality, as well as staff attitudes and
knowledge.
A survey was developed by the researcher to obtain information from clinic
clients including demographics, the specific needs that prompted a clinic visit and the
reasons for choosing the sexual health clinic to meet these needs. Respondents were
asked to choose and rank the most important aspects of clinic service and to evaluate
satisfaction with wait time, clinic location, ease of access, staff attitudes, confidentiality
and satisfaction with treatment received. Open-ended questions included the opportunity
to provide an opinion about the clinic location and a question asking what was most and
least liked about the clinic visit.
Data were collected from 161 clinic clients over a 12 week period, with
participants from each of the seven clinic locations. The age of respondents ranged from
13 to 63 years of age with a mean age of 22 and a median age of 20 years. The majority
of clinic visits were made for STI testing or treatment (59.6%), with 36% seeking birth
control, and 6.2% of clients wanting counselling or information. The proportion of STI
visits increased with client age, while younger clients were more likely to attend clinic
for birth control services.
The most important and best liked features of the clinic service were found to be the
availability of a female provider, the respectful, non-judgemental attitudes of clinic staff,
the comfortable clinic atmosphere, confidentiality and the ability to receive the desired
care or treatment. Overall client satisfaction was high. The majority of participants were
pleased with the clinic location, the speed of service, the availability of clinic
appointments, the level of confidentiality and the care received. Most survey respondents
indicated satisfaction with staff attitudes, knowledge and behaviour.
Study recommendations include strengthening community partnerships to better coordinate
delivery of sexual health services, increasing the advertising of clinic services,
and expansion of services to Huntsville. In order to continue to provide services in an
appropriate and sensitive manner, the sexual health program must continue to support
staff development through in-services and opportunities for staff to attend conferences
dealing with adolescent sexuality.
Further research should include surveying youth and adolescents in the community to
assess the level of awareness of clinic service, the accessibility of current clinic locations,
and the perceived sexual health needs of the target population. Another important area for future research is to evaluate the outcomes of sexual health clinic service including
increased knowledge and intent to practice safer sex.


title: Existence and distribution of serotonin and its 5-HT2-like binding site in the brain : pituitary axis of juvenile and sexually recrudescing female rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

subject:
Rainbow trout Physiology
Serotonin

abstract:
In the first phase of this study, mammalian serotonin2-like (5-HT2-like) binding sites in
juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) hypothalamus, were examined by
radioligand binding assay using the tritiated analog of a selective serotonin antagonist,
ketanserin ([3H]ketanserin), as the radioligand. Specific [3H]ketanserin binding (Bsp) to
juvenile hypothalamus membrane was tissue-dependent where Bsp increased linearly with
tissue concentration. Therefore, 1 hypothalamus-equivalent per tube (1100 ± 115 cpm/mg
protein) was subsequently used throughout the rest of the first phase. In association
experiments (n=5), Bsp increased progressively with time to achieve equilibrium binding
levels (1192+ 120 cpm/mg protein) which remained stable for at least 60 min thereafter;
kobs, and k+i were 0.032 and 0.048 min-1 nM-1 respectively. This consistent, and relatively
stable association of radioligand to the binding site indicates good stability of
[3H]ketanserin binding to this binding site. In dissociation experiments, Bsp completely
dissociated within 20 min following addition of excess ketanserin; k_i, and t1/2 were
0.0803 min-1 and 8.7min, respectively. This pattern of [3H]ketanserin binding to this
binding site is consistent with the association and dissociation kinetics of radioligand
binding to a receptor. Bsp was saturable (2500 ± 256 cpm/mg protein); Scatchardcalculated
values for the equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) and capacity (BMAX) were
0.48nM, and 125 fmol/mg protein, respectively, indicating the presence of a finite
population of high-affmity 5-HT2-like binding sites. Bsp was differentially displaced by
various competitors, with a rank order of potency of ketanserin = mianserin > ritanserin >
5-HT = spiperone » methiothepin mesylate > metergoline = DOI > 2-methyl-5-HT > amethyl-
5-HT »»5-HIAA = reserpine. This rank order suggests that specific 5-HT2 agonists and antagonists displace specifically bound [3H]ketanserin more effectively
compared to non-specific competitors, and in a manner comparable with the 5-HT2-like
binding site of mammals. Collectively, these findings provide pharmacological evidence
for the existence of a 5HT2-like receptor subtype in the trout hypothalamus.


title: Writing bodies into history : Margaret Atwood's Alias Grace and The Blind Assassin / by Tamara Arthur.

subject:
Blind assassin (novel)
Alias Grace (novel)
Atwood, Margaret - Criticism

abstract:
Historical fiction simultaneously can be used to document history while also questioning traditional history and ways of knowing. In particular, Margaret Atwood’s historical fiction questions traditional history and patriarchal voice by highlighting textuality and storytelling and challenging history’s ability to access “real” events, ideas and meanings. In this thesis I focus on two of Atwood’s later works. Alias Grace and The Blind Assassin, which participate in the contemporary rethinking of history not only by problematising traditional history but also by incorporating the body as a way of telling history.
Traditional history has been critiqued by new historicists, deconstructionists, feminists, Marxists and others who argue that history has in the past denied a variety of voices from the production of history, has not properly accounted for the sociohistorical nor adequately reflected on the nature of history itself. Today, literature is very much involved with this contemporary rethinking of history. In fact, Canadian historical fiction can functions as a means of chronicling history, but also as a tool by which the documenting of history may be challenged. Historical novels that draw upon historical facts but deal explicitly with the problem of writing about these facts and integrate them in an artistic whole are instances of historical metafiction. Importantly,
Atwood engages with historical metafiction or rather what Linda Hutcheon terms as historiographic metafiction. Hutcheon explains in “Canadian Historiographic Metafiction” that historiographic metafictions are more than just self-consciously fictive constructs that thematise their own discursive process. In these novels there is usually a clearly definable narrating voice
that overtly addresses a reader (230). In historiographic metafictions the narrator actively speaks to the problems of writing history and detailing ‘real’ events. Atwood’s novels. Alias Grace and The Blind Assassin, are in the realm of what could be considered historical novels and also could be considered historiographic metafictions.
Thus, in the introduction of this thesis I establish the connection between history and literature, then note some of the contemporary issues surrounding history and address Atwood’s involvement in writing historical fictions and historiographic metafiction. Clearly, the problems associated with traditional history cannot be addressed without acknowledging its deficiency in representation. While Atwood’s Alias Grace and The Blind Assassin offer critical perspectives on the past, they also recuperate the history and ultimately the lives of women who have been left out of absolute and totalising traditional histories. Thus, I further discuss women’s absence
in history and look at the female body as a possible site of resistance and textual representations of the body as a way of retrieving women’s history.
In the first section of this thesis, I examine how Alias Grace and The Blind Assassin provide a contemporary critique of historical perspectives and knowledge through the narrated life stories of Grace Marks and Iris Chase Griffin. In telling Grace’s and Iris’s stories, Atwood underlines the multiplicity of history while deconstructing assumption of objectivity, neutrality and transparency of representation. In Alias Grace and The Blind Assassin. Atwood problematises official versions of history and in doing so resists its replacement with one definitive account of events.
Atwood engages in both deconstructive and reconstructive practices of history. Thus, in the second and third section of this thesis I discuss how, first. Alias Grace, and, second. The Blind Assassin, are historical novels that actively engage in the telling of the past. I offer a feminist reading of Alias Grace and The Blind Assassin, using body theory to illustrate how Atwood underscores women’s history by writing the woman’s body into history. Specifically, in this thesis I argue that in writing women’s history, Atwood uses the body as a way of recuperating the past lives of women. Textual representations of bodies while encoded by the time in which they lived are then signs to be read. In discussing this I emphasise how textual
representation of female bodies can present a site for feminist identities and concerns.
Atwood, who recognises that gender makes women’s lives profoundly different, both emphasises the importance of questioning traditional history from which women are not included and the need to write women into history from a female perspective. In Alias Grace and The Blind Assassin Atwood chronicles the lives of women during two distinct time periods, the midnineteenth century and the first half of the twentieth century, highlighting a general history of women’s lives during these times. This thesis illustrates how Atwood writes the female body into history using texual bodies as records of the past.


title: Living in the plastic crisis: a study of student awareness & behaviour regarding single-Use plastics on Lakehead University Campus

subject:
Plastic waste
Plastic pollution
Single-use plastic
Waste management

abstract:
Human induced plastic pollution is causing undeniable devastation among
Earth’s natural resources. As research concerning the crisis begins to progress, it is
important that its data includes human awareness and behaviours regarding plastics’
utilization. University students may be an important demographic for this investigation,
as they resemble highly diverse communities which exhibit a wide array of consumption
habits. Ultimately, these habits often result in varying consequences among the
environment, as many include improper waste disposal and use. Despite the devastating
evidence of plastics’ effects on our health and the environment, LU appears to be
withholding the key tools and information needed for its students to consume and utilize
plastics responsibly. In this paper, 381 active LU students were assessed through an
online questionnaire to observe personal awareness, usage, and disposal of plastic waste
on campus. Evaluation of willingness to improve was also examined. Most were found
to be aware of plastic pollution’s consequences, yet many were uneducated about proper
methods of utilization and disposal on campus. Additionally, it was observed that most
were willing to reduce their consumption, if not already, through advanced initiatives if
implemented by the university. A condensed list of recommendations was developed for
Lakehead University’s benefit


title: Progressive freeze concentration of naphthenic acids

subject:
Naphthenic acids
Temperature
Oil sands
Frozen soil

abstract:
Canada’s oil reserves are among the largest in the world with over 1.7 trillion barrels of bitumen in place with confirmed measurements indicating there are 173 billion barrels of recoverable oil under current economic conditions and technology. These oil sands are unlike traditional oil reserves, they are typically composed of sand or clay, water, and bitumen. As a result, the oil sands must be heavily processed to separate the bitumen from the sand and clay before further refining may occur. This process requires tremendous amounts of water; as much as 4.2 m3 of water per m3 of bitumen, an astounding 7% of Alberta’s total water use. As a result large volumes of oil sands process affected waters (OSPW) are formed containing high concentrations of suspended and dissolved organic and inorganic contaminates. These waters have been reported to be toxic to a wide range of aquatic and terrestrial organisms. Evidence suggests that Naphthenic acids (NAs) are the primary cause of toxicity. Current investigated treatment options have shown mixed results for treatment. This investigation examines the potential for progressive freeze concentration as an alternative method for the treatment of NAs in OSPW.
Two methods of freezing were investigated, power ultrasonic and mechanical progressive freeze concentration. Laboratory experiments were carried out to examine the effect of freezing temperature, the initial feedwater NAs concentration, chemical nature of NAs, mixing intensity and the freezing methods on treatment efficiency of freeze concentration. Behaviour of NAs during freeze concentration was also examined by calculating the partition coefficients to predict the incorporation/ rejection of NAs during formation of ice crystals based on the experimental conditions. Synthetic wastewater samples with various NAs (cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, trans-4-pentylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid, cyclohexanepentanoic acid and a synthetic NAs mixture) were used as a feedwater for the freeze concentration processes.   Experimental results showed that both ultrasonic and mechanical freeze concentration methods were equally effective for the removal of NAs at concentrations of 20mg/L to 120mg/L. An average 98% reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration, 95% total solids (TS) and 99% conductivity were observed in the ice samples. A lower freezing temperature (-25⁰C) reported higher contamination in the solid phase as compared to a warmer freezing temperature (-15⁰C). Overall, the experimental results suggest that progressive freeze concentration has great potential as an effective treatment method for OSPW.


title: Development and implementation of various speed controllers for wide speed range operation of IPMSM drive / by Md Muminul Islam Chy.

subject: Fuzzy logic

subject: Permanent magnet motors - Automatic control

subject: Electric motors, Synchronous - Automatic control

subject:
interior permanent magnet synchronous
motor (IPMSM) - Control

abstract:
Despite many advantageous features of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM), the precise speed control of an IPMSM drive becomes a complex issue due to nonlinear coupling among its winding currents and the rotor speed as well as the nonlinearity present in the electromagnetic developed torque due to magnetic saturation of the rotor core particularly, at high speeds (above rated speed). Fast and accurate response, quick recovery of speed from any disturbances and insensitivity to parameter variations are some of the important characteristics of high performance drive system used in robotics, rolling mills, traction and spindle drives. The conventional controllers such as PI, PID are sensitive to plant parameter variations and load disturbance.  For the purpose of obtaining high dynamic performance, recently researchers developed several non-linear as well as intelligent controllers. Most of the reported works on controller design of IPMSM took an assumption of d-axis stator current (i[subscript d]) equal to zero in order to simplify the development of the controller. However, with this assumption it is not possible to control the motor above the rated speed and the reluctance torque of IPMSM
can not be utilized efficiently. Furthermore, this assumption leads to an erroneous result for motor at all operating conditions. In this thesis, some controllers are developed for the IPMSM drive system incorporating the flux-weakening technique in order to control the motor above the rated speed. A detailed analysis of the flux control based on various operating regions is also provided in this thesis.
In order to get the optimum efficiency, an adaptive backstepping based nonlinear control scheme incorporating flux control for an IPM synchronous motor drive is taken into account at the design stage of the controller. Thus, the proposed adaptive nonlinear backstepping controller is capable of conserving the system robustness and stability against all mechanical parameters variation and external load torque disturbance.
To ensure stability the controller is designed based on Lyapunov's stability theory.
A novel fuzzy logic controller (FLC) including both torque and flux control is also developed in this work. The proposed FLC overcomes the unknown and nonlinear uncertainties of the drive and controls the motor over a wide speed range. For further improvement of the FLC structure, the membership function of the controller is tuned online. An integral part of this work is directed to develop an adaptive-network based fuzzy interference system (ANFIS) based neuro fuzzy logic controller. In this work, an adaptive tuning algorithm is also developed to adjust the membership function and consequent parameters.
In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed IPMSM drive, at first
simulation model is developed using Matlab/Simulink. Then the complete IPMSM drive incorporating various control algorithms have been successfully implemented using digital signal processor (DSP) controller board-DSI104 for a laboratory 5 hp motor. The effectiveness of the proposed drive is verified both in simulation and experiment at
different operating conditions. The results show the robustness of the drive and it's potentiality to apply for real-time industrial drive application. This thesis also provides through knowledge about development and various speed real-time applications of controllers for IPMSM drive, which will be useful for researchers and practicing engineers.


title: Density-dependent habitat selection alters fitness in a clonal hexapod

contributor:
Morris, Douglas
Hecnar, Stephen
Rennie, Michael

abstract:
Density-dependent habitat selection shapes the distribution and abundance of organisms
and thus informs our understanding of the eco-evolutionary process. When habitat choice
is contingent on an individual’s expectation of fitness, and when organisms are free to
occupy the habitat they choose, their occupation of habitat is well described by an ideal
free distribution (IFD). But when individuals are related, habitat selection that maximizes
inclusive fitness (MAXN) allows cooperative individuals to supplant the IFD. I tested
this possibility by measuring the fitness accrued through habitat selection by clonal
populations of a common soil hexapod, Folsomia candida. I controlled variation
associated with genetics and state-dependence by establishing experimental populations
from a single founding mother and growing them under identical conditions. I varied
habitat quality by manipulating substrate moisture. I allowed F. candida to choose
between habitats and differentiated between IFD and MAXN habitat selection by
measuring fitness. Surprisingly, habitat-selecting F. candida alter the expectations of
fitness and can thus outcompete otherwise theoretically optimal strategies. My research
demonstrates that density-dependent habitat selection is both an ultimate and proximate
mechanism driving spatial population dynamics.


title: Knowledge and experience of in-service, secondary and post-secondary teachers on mild traumatic brain injuries: return to learning in the classroom

contributor:
Kaefer, Tanya
Van Barneveld, Christina

abstract:
Mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) are becoming more prevalent in adolescents. As these
injuries can occur during the school year, returning to school and learning can prove to be
difficult for some individuals. As each mTBI affects individuals differently, teachers need to be
prepared to use a variety of different strategies and have sufficient knowledge of both the injury
and accommodations/strategies to assist the student in returning to learn. I examined what
knowledge, strategies, experience, and training in-service, secondary and post-secondary
teachers have pertaining to the issue of mild traumatic brain injuries and returning to learning.
An online survey was used to collect data responses related to mTBI, symptoms, strategies, etc.,
to see what teachers knew and what they want to know more about pertaining to the issue of
mTBIs. The results from this study showed that current secondary and post-secondary teachers
have some, but not extensive knowledge, and fewer than expected educators have received
training in the area of mTBIs. These findings suggest that there are knowledge gaps in both mild
traumatic injuries themselves and working with them, and that to fill these gaps and instill
confidence in educators assisting students post mTBI, mandatory training should be
implemented.


title: Thermophilic and mesophilic aerobic biological treatment of wastewater

subject:
Wood pulp industry
Environmental aspects
Waste disposal
Sewage
Purification
Biological treatment

abstract: To achieve closed cycle operation and subsequent reuse of treated effluent, individual streams of pulp and paper mill effluents are being evaluated for their suitability for in-mill treatment. This thesis includes two individual studies. The first part focused on the feasibility of thermomechanical pulping (TMP) condensate treatment using thermophilic and mesophilic sequencing batch reactors (SBR). The second part of this thesis, based on the results of the first part and literature, developed an improved fundamental understanding of how environmental (temperature) and operating (dissolved oxygen (DO)) conditions affecting sludge properties and their role in bioflocculation and settling using a synthetic wastewater of glucose.


title: H2S S-sulfhydration of pyruvate carboxylase in gluconeogenesis and its regulation by Trx1

contributor:
Yang, Guangdong
Wang, Rui
Khaper, Neelam
Qin, Wensheng

subject:
Gasotransmitters
Hydrogen sulfide
Pyruvate carboxylase
Thioredoxin 1

abstract: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), regarded as the third gasotransmitter, plays diverse physiological and pathological roles in the body along with another two gasotransmitters, including nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). In the liver, cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE) is the main enzyme to generate H2S. The functions of H2S in the liver are largely unknown even though many studies showed H2S and CSE are important in redox control of liver. S-sulfhydration, a novel post-translational modification of proteins, is now considered as an important mechanism of H2S effects under various physiological and pathological conditions.


title: Comparison of innovated thermoplastic polyurethane and commercial helmet lining technology in mitigating concussions as measured by linear accelerations and risk of head injury during simulated horizontal impacts to the head

contributor:
Zerpa, Carlos
Liu, Meilan
Sanzo, Paolo
Przysucha, Eryk

subject:
Head injuries
Concussions (Ice hockey)
Concussion management
Helmet designs and technology

abstract:
Advances in helmet designs and technology have not completely eliminated the incidence
of mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) in the sport of ice hockey. One issue that concerns
researchers is that the vinyl nitrile (VN) and expanded polypropylenes (EPP) materials used to
manufacture hockey helmets have remained the same since the implementation of mandatory
helmets in the 1970s, due to the cost and capability of these materials to meet the aesthetic
demands of the public. One potential avenue to address this concern is to use new thermoplastic
polyurethane (TPU) lining materials in existing helmet shells to better mitigate impact forces
while maintaining the aesthetic structure of the helmet. The TPU material has the desirable
qualities of being tough, meaning that it is resistant to tearing. The TPU material also has highly
elastic properties meaning that it can deform to absorb energy and quickly return to its original
shape. Hence, the first purpose of this study was to compare the capability of the 3D printed
TPU lining inserts to absorb energy during static loading to commercially available liners made
from VN and EPP. The second purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of 3D
printed TPU liners in reducing linear acceleration and risk of head injury from a simulated
impact when compared to traditional liner materials during dynamic testing. The results from the
static testing using a Chatillon TCD1100 Force Tester, indicated that the TPU liner absorbed
38.6% of the loading energy, which fell between the EPP (41.8%) and VN (15.8%) indicating
that it performs approximately as well as, commercially available liners. The results from the
simulated dynamic impacts to the head at five different locations, as defined by the NOCSAE
protocol, revealed a significant interaction effect between impact location and liner type on
measures of linear acceleration and risk of head injury. When examining the interaction effect,
the results indicated that the EPP liner performed the best at the front and front boss locations, while the TPU liner performed the best at the side, rear boss, and rear locations. The primary
implication of these results is that a hockey helmet lining material with multilayer characteristics
composed of TPU and EPP structures would better mitigate impact forces from all locations to
minimize the risk of concussions.


title: A comparison microplastics effects on atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and blue mussels (Mytilus edulis)

subject: Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua)

subject: Blue Mussel (Mytilus edulis)

subject: Microplastics effects (cod & blue mussels)

subject: Microplastic ingestion (fish)

subject: Aquaculture

subject: Marine mammals (plastic ingestion)

abstract: This thesis explores the potential impacts that can occur in Atlantic cod and blue mussels resulting from the ingestion of microplastic particles based on a review of previously published studies. This thesis summarizes the differing lifestyles and feeding strategies of both species and how these features are either beneficial or unfavourable with respect to the ingestion of microplastics. The is review identified a total of twenty potential effects were found to occur in both species when they were exposed to microplastics. Twelve of the effects were shared between Atlantic cod and blue mussels; however, overall observed responses varied between the two species. Results showed that blue mussels seem to face a greater exposure to microplastics than Atlantic cod. The type and severity of effects were found to differ depending upon the amount of particles ingested and the duration of exposure. As this is a somewhat new area of research much information remains unknown. This is especially true in the case of Atlantic cod as there is much less data and completed studies compared to those which is available for blue mussels.


title: Wizards of motion : an evaluation of an elementary school cardiovascular intervention / by Kimberly Boardman.

contributor:
McPherson, Moira
Montelpare, William
van Barneveld, Christina

subject:
Wizards of Motion Cardiovascular Model
Health education (Elementary)
Health education (Elementary)
Thunder Bay region

abstract:
The Wizards of Motion Cardiovascular Module was designed to introduce the concepts of cardiovascular disease as a preventable lifestyle outcome. Scientific experts in cardiovascular physiology, health, and education visited Grade 5 Northwestern Ontario classrooms with a
portable, self-contained laboratory experience that focused on the basic structures and functions of organs within the cardiovascular systems while highlighting specific factors that contribute to a positive state of physical health. The purpose of the study was to evaluate whether the Wizards
of Motion Cardiovascular Module was effective in changing students’ knowledge and attitudes related to cardiovascular disease and to adopting healthy lifestyle behaviours.
Methods
A Knowledge Test was developed based on concepts of cardiovascular disease. As part of the pilot work, the instrument went through several phases of testing in order to establish validity. A second instrument, with established measures of validity and reliability, was selected to
evaluate the students’ attitudes about those lifestyle behaviours which are related to either preventing or perpetuating the development of the cardiovascular disease condition. The study was set up in a two group pre-post comparison design. Seventy students from four Grade 5
Northwestern Ontario classrooms participated in the main study. Thirty nine students participated in the intervention group, while thirty one students comprised the control group.  Students who were part of the intervention group completed pre- Knowledge Test and Attitudes
Questionnaires before and after the intervention phase. The students who were part of the control group completed the same Knowledge Test and Attitudes Questionnaire during the same time frame.
Results
The data from the Knowledge Test, and the Attitudes Questionnaire, although analyzed separately were evaluated using a five step process which began with the computation of descriptive statistics to show means and standard deviations between groups and across tests. Main effects of grouping and the interaction across grouping levels were next evaluated using a two way mixed factor ANOVA, with post hoc Scheffe test. A test of the equality of variances across all levels of the independent variables was tested using the Fmax test, while the Welch-Satterthwaite t-approximation was used to compare the pre to post test difference scores between the intervention and control groups, respecting the inequality of variance and unequal sample sizes between groups. Finally, the effect size was computed for all possible pairwise comparisons using the Common Language effect size estimator of McGraw and Wong (1992).
The results indicate that the intervention group showed a statistically significant (p<0.01) increase on post-test scores on both the Knowledge Test and Attitudes Questionnaire compared to the control group. Although this main finding was shown in the initial ANOVA, it was also supported in the t-test and measures of effect size.
Conclusion
The positive findings from the Wizards of Motion Cardiovascular intervention show that the Module was effective in increasing the sample of students’ level of knowledge about cardiovascular disease and changing their attitudes towards adopting healthy lifestyle behaviours
in order to prevent the development of cardiovascular disease. These findings support previous research which has emphasized the importance of health education for young students. The success o f increasing grade 5 student’s knowledge and attitudes related to cardiovascular disease
and adopting healthy lifestyle behaviours illustrates that a program such as the Wizards of Motion is a valuable education tool in order to assist in health promotion within elementary schools. Educating children at a young age about the risks of cardiovascular disease and ways in
which they can prevent the disease is becoming increasingly important with today’s youth. The school and home environment must foster these lifestyle changes in order to sustain a positive state of health for all students. Causing students to change their knowledge and attitudes are two crucial steps needed in order to promote healthy heart campaigns.


title: Education for health services administration : an examination of met and unmet needs

subject:
Health services administration
Canada Study and teaching
Health systems in Canada

abstract:
Health systems in Canada, as in many other
countries, have been crisis oriented. Expenditure upon all
areas of the disease curing professions has risen at an
accelerating rate in the past decade. The post-war
introduction and development of national health insurance
has led to massive construction and operating costs of
health services institutions, with complex technology and
expensive employment of specialists in all areas of medicine
and allied health services. A substantial burden has been
placed upon the taxpayer. His Support of institutional
health care remains strong, but governments and their
planners are attempting to control the growth pattern by
altering the emphasis from hospital care to health
maintenance systems. This is causing chamges, not least in
demands upon present and future managers, and the object of
this thesis is to examine these changes, with direct
reference to educational implications.
It is held by this researcher that administrators
have needs for education which are presently not being
satisfied. An investigation of present programs has been
undertaken and evaluations made of the extent to which
their graduates will be able to meet managerial demands
made upon them. Account has been taken of publications by
experts in this area, and the writer has discussed education for health services administration with experts
in several countries. Concerns such as health management
as a profession; the level of education needed* and the
conflict between generic and specialist programs have been
carefully examineds all these have been studied in the
context of future requirements.
Recent developments in Canadian universities have
been investigated. In 1979 significant changes are taking
place* affecting several higher degree programs* and caused
by the introduction of three baccalaureate degrees. This
writer criticizes them in terms of their ability to satisfy
unmet needs* and presents his own national program. It is
intended to meet and satisfy both ongoing and anticipated
future requirements* with the objective that Canadian
health administrators shall be better equipped to undertake
future complex tasks.


title: Exploring well-being in a First Nation community : a qualitative study / by Lana Ray.

contributor:
Stroink, Mirella
Nelson, Connie

subject:
Native peoples - Well-being
Cree First Nations
Ojibwa First Nations
Northwestern Ontario
First Nations worldview

abstract:
First Nations people hold the worldview that all human and non-human beings are interconnected. This worldview is imperative to the well-being of not only individuals, but to the community and land as well because it promotes certain values. It is these values which foster healthy relationships, and foster wellness. When an individual is connected to other human and non-human beings wellness is enhanced and when there is a disconnection wellness is deteriorated. This research will explore in greater detail, an
interconnected worldview as a framework for wellness in an Anishnaabe community and provide a deeper understanding of some of the factors that serve to connect and disconnect the individual.
Study area : Ginoogaming First Nation 300 km. northeast of Thunder Bay near Longlac, Northwestern Ontario (on the shore of Long Lake). Traditional languages Ojibway and Oji-Cree are spoken. The community is a member of the Nishnawbe-Aski Nation and is a party of Treaty Nine (James Bay Treaty). Includes commentary on social and economic conditions, culture, tradition & traditional ways and ceremonies, the land and the individual, hunting, fishing, country foods, environment, spirituality, food, feelings of community, social problems like drug abuse, diabetes, health, etc.


title: Effects of mechanical site preparation on the growth of Jack Pine (Pinus banksiana)

subject:
Boreal forest
Forest regeneration
Jack Pine
Sustainable harvesting (timber)

abstract: The boreal forest in Canada provides a large volume of timber for Canadians and other countries year after year and effective silviculture is the key to sustainable harvesting. Site preparation can be a critical step in effective regeneration of sites, as it alters soil conditions and vegetative competition. The objective of this study is to be able to determine the difference in mean annual increment (MAI) in terms of height growth and root collar width that mechanical site preparation has in Jack Pine regenerated stands. A total of six regenerated harvest blocks, three with site preparation and three without site preparation, that were a mix of four and five years old were studied within the Lakehead Forest around the city of Thunder Bay in the fall of 2017. The data collected (Height in cm/yr. and root collar diameter in cm/yr.) from these plantations was analyzed using SPSS Statistics, which provided descriptive statistics and a univariate ANOVA. For the data to be significant, a 95% confidence level was required (P=0.05). The significance value for height and root collar diameter values between treatments was 0.824 and 0.755, respectively. This shows that the null hypothesis of this study was correct in that there was no significant increase in height in the site prepared sites from the non-site prepared sites. This could be due to a number of limitations involved with studying the boreal forest, and if this study was to be repeated, more consideration of these limitations could lead to different results.


title: Intelligent and cost-effective protection schemes for improved reliability of large-scale wind farms

contributor:
Uddin, Mohammad
Natarajan, Krishnamoorthy
Wei, Qiang

subject:
Wind farms
Wind turbine technology
Overcurrent protection
Wind farm protection issues
Renewable energy

abstract:
Recently, wind power has become a reliable and cost-effective renewable energy source of
electricity due to the foreseeable exhaustion of fossil fuel-based power generations and its growing
adverse effects on the environment as it is the main source of greenhouse gases. Doubly fed
induction generator (DFIG) based wind farm gets the popularity due to its ability for variable speed
operation, reactive power control, and reduced converter ratings. Traditional protection schemes
result in huge protection failure during fault and abnormality incidents for wind farms since wind
turbine fault analysis behavior is different from conventional synchronous generators. Thus, the
simple conventional settings for relays would result in maloperation and miscoordination between
relays for wind farms and hence, the existing wind farms protection schemes need to be
significantly improved.


title: Monitoring for success in stream restoration: a case study of the Kama Creek, north shore of Lake Superior

contributor:
Stewart, Robert
Fralick, Philip
Zaniewski, Kamil
Pascale, Biron

subject: Kama Creek restoration project

subject: Growth of stream restoration projects

subject: Water quality in respect to fish habitat requirements

abstract:
This thesis investigates the use of success criteria to evaluate the changes induced by a small-scale stream restoration project. The research is based on a case study of the Kama Creek, Nipigon Bay, Lake Superior. Declines in coaster brook trout in the creek due to the realignment of the stream channel led to the need for restoration of the creek and its floodplain to its original configuration. The need for efficient post-project evaluation, particularly for small-scale projects, is evident and protecting Coaster brook trout (Savelinus fontinalis) habitat and spawning locations in the Lake Superior region is of considerable importance for fisheries management.
Chemical, biological and physical assessments were completed on Kama Creek before and after restoration in order to evaluate ecological health and channel stability of the stream. Success criteria chosen were based on the requirements for the health of brook trout and the overall function and stability of the stream.
Findings show that the restoration project has improved stream condition and habitat availability when compared to the pre-restoration conditions. The results showed an increase in the area of large pools and an accompanying increase in fish observed in the newly restored channel and in regions of the watershed once restricted by an impasse. There were exceptions to this success in regards to bank stabilization and sediment deposition, and future monitoring will be required to evaluate if conditions stabilize regardless of discharge and extreme rainfall, and to determine if human intervention is needed.


title: Estimation of stripping by static immersion test using image processing and machine learning

contributor:
Azar, Ehsan Rezazadeh
Pernia, Juan
Liao, Baoqiang

subject: Hot-mix asphalt

subject: Moisture-related damages (hot-mix asphalt)

subject: Loose asphaltic mixture (testing)

abstract:
Hot Mixed Asphalt (HMA) is one of the most common types of pavement, which exists on the surface of the roads, inside and outside of cities. One of the main destresses in HMA is moisture-related damage, which mainly occurs in the form of stripping. The process of losing adhesion and cohesion of asphalt cement due to the presence of moisture and cyclic loads is called “stripping”. Several test procedures have been designed and conducted on different types of asphaltic mixtures to identify and measure moisture damages, especially stripping. Stripping evaluations could be divided into two classes: tests on compacted mixtures and tests on loose mixtures. Test procedures for loose mixture have been adopted by different highway agencies, such as the Ministry of Transportation Ontario (MTO), and pavement industries, because they are easy to perform, cost-effective, and do not require complex equipment. But since stripping estimation is based on visual assessment, the results could be inconsistent when they are estimated by inexperienced operators. One of the most common tests on loose mixtures is static immersion test, and a modified version of the static immersion test has been used by MTO, listed as LS-285 R29. To evaluate stripping in this test procedure, 104g of loose asphaltic mixture should be immersed inside water for 24 hours and then the retained coating areas should be measured by a skilled technician as a percentage of the total surface area.
Image processing methods are proper examples of using smart agents in visual assessment problems, such as object detection and pattern recognition. In this research, a vision-based algorithm and a low-cost light improvement system were developed as an alternative for manual judgment. The system receives images of samples captured in a controlled lighting condition, which is called illumination box, and then it applies Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization to enhance contrast intensity of the image. In addition, the system uses inpainting to reconstruct specular highlights in the image, and then classifies the regions on the image, i.e. coated and stripped areas, using combinations of K-means clustering and K-Nearest Neighbors and Support Vector Machines classifiers. The developed system is able to overcome most of the shortcomings of prior methods, such as evaluation of the stripping on mixtures with dark-colour aggregates and processing test images without alteration of the test samples. The differences of the results in the best configuration of classifiers from manual estimations had the mean of 4.8 % and the standard deviation of 5.2 %. Moreover, application of illumination box and contrast enhancement module proved to be effective to improve the performance of this system.


title: Comparative analysis of wood pellet parameters: Canadian case study

contributor:
Leitch, Mathew
Shahi, Chander
Pulkki, Reino

subject: Wood pellet production

subject: Pellet quality characteristics

subject: Biomass energy

subject: Wood pellet domestic consumption in Canada

subject: Wood pellet export

abstract:
Canada is one of the world leaders in wood pellet production and export, however, domestic consumption is extremely low. In addition there is no national standard in Canada for wood pellets. The Canadian government announced that it will increase wood pellet usage as an alternative to coal and natural gas. Wood pellets when compared to natural gas and coal, is an environmental friendly, energy-intensive and easily transported alternative.
An independent comparative analysis of prime class (residential) wood pellets was performed in this study. We tested eight producers from five Canadian provinces (BC, ON, MB, NS and QC). The measurements of pellet quality characteristics (i.e., calorific value, moisture content, ash content, durability, bulk density, fines amount, compressive strength, fixed carbon and volatile organic compounds) were analysed.
We carried out a statistical analysis of our results with the intent of finding interdependences between parameters. The analysis results show that average values of tested parameters are matching European and North American standards. Significant correlations between several parameters were found. It was also noted that there is a significant correlation between compressive resistance and pellet durability. Therefore, it was found that it is possible to use the compressive resistance test for rapid determination of pellet quality. A linear regression model for predicting mechanical durability was also developed.
According to the comparative analysis it will be possible to set parameters equal to other countries for future national standard development in Canada. This will give an opportunity to increase domestic consumption and bring biomass energy through micro-generating and heating projects to geographically isolated areas and to small forest communities as an alternative and easily accessible energy source.


title: Non-standard analysis / by Geraldine S. Service

subject:
Logic, Symbolic and mathematical
Mathematical analysis
Finiteness principle
Superstructures and monomorphisms

abstract:
This thesis is a study of several theories of Non-standard Analysis.
Particular attention is paid to the theories presented by A. Robinson
and E. Zakon.
Chapter I contains background information from Mathematical Logic
and leads to the definition of a Non-standard Model of Analysis.-
In Chapter II, we develop the direct product, the ultraproduct and
the reduced ultraproduct of a set of similar structures and "construct"
a non-standard model of analysis in the form of a reduced ultrapower of
the set of real numbers. This model contains genuine "infinite" and
"infinitesimal" elements which behave like those which we informally
think of in classical analysis.
Chapter III contains the theory of Professor Abraham Robinson for
first order structures and languages. The Finiteness Principle is
applied in the proof of,the existence of Non-standard Models of Analysis.
Chapter IV contains the theory of Non-standard Analysis presented
by Professor Elias Zakon. This is the main chapter in the paper. His
set-theoretical approach is based on the notion of a superstructure which
contains all of the set—theoretical "objects" which exist on a set of
individuals. A monomorphism is a one-to-one mapping from one superstructure into another superstructure which preserves the validity of sentences.
The existence of monomorphisms is proven using ultrapowers. A Non-standard
Model of Analysis is defined in terms of a monomorphism. This definition
parallels the one given in Chapter I. In Chapter V we define and prove the existence of an Extra-standard
Model of Analysis, a concept which is similar to that of a Non-standard
Model of Analysis. We also present Professor Robinson's theory for
higher order structures and languages. We compare the theories presented
by Professors Robinson and Zakon along with ;:hat of Professor M. Shimrat.