title: The development and purpose behind the European Union's foreign policy

contributor:
MacWilliams, Christian (author)
(Biro, Andrew) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: This paper analyzes the development of the European Union’s foreign policy and  its relevant institutions. The purpose of this research is to further understand and question  the reason for the existence of the European Union’s foreign policy. The European Union  (EU) is a supranational institution with major influence over public policy areas that were  traditionally governed by the nation-state; however, the EU’s inability to have effective  influence over its member states’ national foreign policies is decidedly noticeable.  Member states of the EU have been stubborn in their reluctance to relinquish foreign  policy autonomy to the EU, calling into question why an EU foreign policy even exists.  This thesis concludes that the driving force behind the EU foreign policy is the political  elite of the member states, and that despite their apparent enthusiasm, the inability to  develop an effective foreign policy is a result of the member states’ hesitancy to commit  to a supranational foreign policy.

abstract: Politics


title: The effect of chilling on neural development at the antennal level in Pseudaletia unipuncta (Haworth) and subsequent odour detection

type: Text Dissertation/Thesis

contributor:
Morean-Sperker, Anna (author)
(Hillier, Kirk) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

rights: The author grants permission to the University Librarian at Acadia University to reproduce, loan or distribute copies of my thesis in microform, paper or electronic formats on a non-profit basis. The author retains the copyright of the thesis.

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: Pseudaletia unipuncta, the true Armyworm, is an important crop pest and  seasonal migrant to Canada, with several generations spanning each migration. Recent  evidence has demonstrated that cold temperatures during specific developmental windows  will significantly reduce response of male P. unipuncta to pheromones under wind tunnel  conditions. It has been proposed that this may provide a functional mechanism to explain  seasonal shifts in behavior, such as migration. The objective of this thesis was to  investigate whether or not chilling might effect detection of pheromones at the antennal  level, or influence neural development within the antennal lobe. Like most moths, P.  unipuncta use pheromones to locate mates, and host volatiles to locate oviposition sources.  Odours are processed within sexually-dimorphic antennal lobes. Electroantennograms  were performed on both male and female P. unipuncta to determine if there was a  difference in the olfactory response at the antennal level to male and female sex  pheromones and selected host volatiles in moths which had been exposed to cool  temperatures for 24 hours immediately after emergence. Male and female brains, chilled  and unchilled, were stained and observed using confocal microscopy, then digitally  reconstructed in order to compare any variation evident in antennal lobe development.  There were no significant differences in detection of odours and pheromones between  chilled or unchilled treatments. Volume comparisons of male and female glomeruli  showed no major differences in the sizes of male glomeruli but glomeruli in chilled  females were larger and fewer. Temperature plays an important role in the life history and  behavior of the Armyworm but further investigation into the effects of chilling  temperatures on neural development and subsequent odour detection are still required.

abstract: Biology


title: Bodies without boundaries: Exploring the modern body in Franz Kafka's short stories

contributor:
Margeson, Christopher M. (author)
(La Rocque, Lance) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: My thesis, “Bodies Without Boundaries: Exploring the Modern Body in Franz  Kafka's Short Stories,” is an exploration of the conspicuous presence in several of Franz  Kafka's better-known short stories of a new and dynamic way of conceptualizing  embodiment, which I link to growing concerns about the very same issue in early-twentieth-  century European society. In Chapter One, I develop a historical context for  exploring these concepts in Kafka's work, drawing on several of the more prominent  thinkers and cultural movements surrounding a fin de siècle paradigm shift in how we, as  humans, relate to our bodies. I discuss in this chapter a general trend away from Cartesian  dualism toward a materially monistic conception of embodiment, and the societal and  personal tensions raised by such a shift. In Chapter Two, I argue that these tensions inhere  in a significant amount of the imagery and dynamics of several of Kafka's earlier short  stories, and demonstrate Kafka exploring and struggling with ideas of self, transcendence,  and what it means to be human under an ontology of the immanent, monistic body. In  Chapter Three, I turn my attention to a selection of Kafka's later stories, and argue that  these demonstrate a departure from his earlier attempts to integrate the “Modern,”  immanent body into a framework of meaningfulness and spirituality, and show instead an  assertion of transcendence through the ascetic rejection of the corporeal.

abstract: English & Theatre Studies


title: Do findings in science settle the question of free will?

contributor:
Heiberg, Colton (author)
(Maitzen, Stephen) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: Recently, some scientists and science-minded theorists, in contrast to traditional philosophers, have taken it upon themselves to answer one of the oldest and most fundamental philosophical questions: “Do we have free will?” These theorists claim to settle the question in a new way: through scientific findings. In this essay I examine three arguments from this new generation of scientists and science-minded philosophers, all attacking “conscious control” – a central aspect of free will. One argument precludes conscious control based on a qualified notion of determinism; another hinges on undermining conscious control due to the nature of causation; and the last is rooted in challenging conscious control based on the particular understanding of the mind advocated by a contemporary theory in psychology. I examine these three not only because conscious control is a central aspect of free will and the debunking of conscious control would require us to abandon the important practices this commitment justifies – such as our assessments of responsibility, and the institutions that presuppose the legitimacy of these assessments – but also because they are currently popular and have not received enough critical attention. Because all three arguments target conscious control in one way or another, I focus on assessing whether they establish that we lack such control. I conclude that none of the arguments succeed in this respect. Insofar as these arguments are concerned, free will is secure.

abstract: Philosophy


title: The game of Ambush Cops and Robbers played on graphs

contributor:
Murray, Patrick William (author)
(Clarke, Nancy) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: Cops and Robber is a discrete time vertex-to-vertex pursuit game played on a graph.  In this thesis we expand on the Ambush variation of the Cops and Robber game.  Many initial results of the variation's introduction are reviewed, occasionally proven  via alternative methods, and more results for the one cop model are provided. We  further expand the model by providing a rule set for multiple cops and the ambush  copnumber of many graphs is investigated. In addition we define an active version of  Ambush Cops and Robbers and some initial results of this model are presented.

abstract: Mathematics & Statistics


title: Age comparison of muscle activation patterns between pre-pubescent and post-pubescent female soccer players while performing unanticipated side-cut maneuvers: Relevance to non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries

contributor:
Fairfax, Alana (author)
(Landry, Scott) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the four main ligaments of the knee and  primarily acts to stabilize the joint by resisting anterior translation and internal rotational  movements of the tibia. Approximately 70% of ACL injuries occur during a non-contact  mechanism, where no physical contact or direct blow to the knee occurs at the time of  injury. A rapid deceleration movement such as landing from a jump, pivoting or side-cutting  to change direction, characterizes non-contact mechanisms. In addition, female  athletes have a 2-8 times greater likelihood of sustaining an injury of this nature  compared to male athletes, with this sex-bias evident after the age of 12 years or  following the onset of puberty. Possible risk factors pertaining to injury mechanisms are  heavily investigated and have been grouped into extrinsic and intrinsic factors. The  purpose of this study was to examine neuromuscular control patterns of pre- and post-pubescent  female soccer players while performing unanticipated side-cutting maneuvers  that reflect game-like situations where the ACL is often injured due to a non-contact  mechanism. Results showed post-pubescent females displaying significantly greater  muscle activation magnitudes for five of the six muscles of interest, excluding the medial  gastrocnemius. A trend suggested that pre-pubescent females generated peak muscle  activation earlier in stance for the vastii muscles (VL, p=0.066; VM, p=0.069). Related to  leg dominance, a significant difference in muscle activation magnitude throughout stance  was identified for the medial gastrocnemius. Both pre- and post-pubescent females  displayed greater activation magnitudes in the non-dominant leg. Understanding muscle  recruitment strategies in these populations of athletes can help improve preventative  training programs to reduce the risk associated with non-contact ACL injuries.

abstract: Biology


title: Avian yolk corticosterone levels as a measure of American Eider stress response to nesting locations

contributor:
Betsch, Taylor A. (author)
(Mallory, Mark) (Thesis advisor)
(Wilson, Brian) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: Levels of stress experienced by birds vary throughout their annual cycle, but for females, stress may be particularly acute during the nesting season. One method used to determine stress levels in females at the time of egg-laying involves the measurement of corticosterone levels in avian egg yolk. The species of interest in this study, the American Eider, S. m. dresseri, is one of several subspecies of the Common Eider, Somateria mollissima. In this study, I focused on the potential relationship between relative safety of nesting site locations at colonies in eastern Nova Scotia and stress levels experienced by female American Eiders. I predicted that females nesting in protected locations would have reduced corticosterone concentrations in their eggs, indicative of reduced stress levels, compared to females nesting in exposed sites. The field team collected 51 eggs within two days of each other from both exposed and protected sites, all within the same general nesting area. Lipid fractions were removed from each yolk sample, and a commercially available enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was used to measure the corticosterone levels in the yolk samples. Despite multiple trials and dilutions, the corticosterone concentrations were several orders of magnitude greater than the detection limits of the assay. I speculate as to why these birds have notably high concentrations of corticosterone deposited into their yolk, and I provide suggestions for future trials. Examining the linkage between nesting conditions and stress responses will shed light on how these birds perceive their environment during the egg-laying period, and uncover potential patterns in the subsequent physiological responses to these perceptions.

abstract: Biology


title: Identification of Drosophila suzukii attractants and deterrents

contributor:
Thomas, Lara (author)
(Hillier, Kirk) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophiliidae) is an invasive insect pest, which attacks ripening fruit; females oviposit in fruit before harvest and larval feeding makes fruit non-marketable. The objectives of this study were to: 1) test the sensitivity of D. suzukii to a series of biologically-relevant odorants such as volatiles produced by vulnerable ripening and decaying fruit, or compounds known to affect Drosophila melanogaster behaviour; 2) test odorants  for attraction and repulsion of D. suzukii in behavioural and field trapping experiments, and; 3) compare three different trap designs for effectiveness in trapping D. suzukii. Novel attractants and deterrents for D. suzukii will improve  early warning monitoring and insecticide -alternative management strategies for D. suzukii respectively. Sensitivity and relative attraction of D. suzukii to selected odorants were tested by electroantennography (EAG), behavioural bioassays, and field trapping trials (an attractant test, a deterrent test and a trap design test). The effectiveness of trap form and appearance in attracting D. suzukii was also evaluated in the trap design test. EAG results revealed males to have a significantly larger mean EAG response than females to several odorants. Flywalk results revealed that male responses to several odorants were significantly more positive than female responses and that 2-phenyl ethanol and benzyl acetate significantly attracted D. suzukii, while cis-3-hexenol significantly deterred D. suzukii, over other compounds. In field trapping studies, cis-3-hexenol caught a significantly higher number of D. suzukii than other deterrents or the control treatment, and the MultiLure® trimedlure traps caught a significantly lower number of D. suzukii than the other trap designs. All three objectives of this study were met, however this study alone, was unable to confirm D. suzukii attractants or deterrents.

abstract: Biology


title: Search for dark matter: Dark photon and Z' boson

contributor: (Aleksejevs, Aleksandrs) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: The presence of dark matter suggests the possible existence of new particles, such  as weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs). Based on Standard Model (SM),  new elementary particles can be introduced as mimics of SM particles with di erent  physical parameters, such as mass and coupling. In this research a hypothetical pho-  ton mimic (dark photon) and a Z boson mimic (Z') were introduced. Depending on  the consistence between theoretical prediction and the experimental measurements,  exclusion plots of e􀀀 +e+ !  􀀀 + + and e􀀀 +e􀀀 ! e􀀀 +e􀀀 channels were made to  represent possible physical parameters for these new particles.  Next to the Leading Order (NLO) level Feynman calculus is introduced to provide  exclusion plots with higher precision. Renormalization and soft Bremsstrahlung are  introduced to solve ultraviolet and inferred divergences. All calculations were oper-  ated on Mathematica 5.2 platform. Exclusion plots were generated on Mathematica 8.  Results of the exclusion plots have shown great consistence between two di erent  channels for each new physics particle. However, further research is needed to discover  dark photon and Z' boson.

abstract: Physics


title: Species diversity, geographic distribution, prevalence and intensity of gastrointestinal helminths found in beaver (Castor canadensis) on Prince Edward Island, Canada.

contributor:
Langille, Bianca (author)
(McAlpine, Donald F.) (Thesis advisor)
(Wilson, Brian) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: The native population of beaver (Castor canadensis) on Prince Edward Island (PEI), Canada is believed to have been extirpated before 1800 through human activity. The beavers that are now widespread on PEI are a consequence of reintroductions of the species by humans. A reintroduction in the late 1940s from New Brunswick was highly successful. There have been no previous investigations of the helminths of beaver on PEI. The nematodes Travassosius americanus and Castorstrongylus castoris, as well as the trematodes, Stichorchis subtriquetrus, Echinostoma revolutum, and Stephanoproraoides lawi, are known to parasitize beavers in the Atlantic region. The purpose of the study was to investigate the species diversity, geographic distribution, prevalence and intensity of gastrointestinal parasite infections of beavers on PEI. Necropsies were performed on 50 beavers. Parasites were identified, removed, and collected. Travassosius americanus, Stichorchis subtriquetrus and Castorstrongylus castoris were found in sections of the beaver gastrointestinal tracts. The geographic distribution of infections throughout PEI was examined and illustrated graphically. In all beavers a prevalence of 94%, 72%, and 10% was found for each parasite respectively. Total mean intensities of infection of 559, 31 and 20 respectively were found for all beavers that had infections. Possible historical, ecological, and anthropogenic factors that may have influenced these findings were explored.

abstract: Biology


title: Acadia's outpost: Beaubassin before the Deportation

contributor:
Smith, Jared R. C. (author)
(Moody, Barry) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: Pursuing a continuation of the most recent school of thought on the Acadians, this study reveals that the determining factor in the formation of a distinguishable identity of Acadians at Beaubassin was its setting. First, the separate historiographies of Acadia and Beaubassin are examined. Considering the prominence of geography in these histories, this paper subsequently shows that it extensively affected the character of Beaubassin’s inhabitants. Geography’s relationship with Beaubassin’s residents resulted in the development of attributes which distinguished these colonists in Acadia, such as their much greater obstinacy toward their British rulers. However, the Beaubassin community is demonstrated as complex, for example, in showing both hospitality and a dislike of outsiders. Through an expansion of the geographic peculiarities and distinct traits of Chignecto’s settlers, it is demonstrated that the Beaubassin residents were notably distinct from the inhabitants of the other Acadian settlements of Les Mines and Port-Royal, and also from the British administrators in Acadia after 1713. Considerable emphasis is placed on not only these communities, but also on the separate peoples of rural France and New France. Some parallels are shown to exist between these other regions, such as their inhabitants’ relationship with their environment, their family, the Church and the state. However, it is determined that although they share similarities with all of these separate areas, some differences ultimately existed. Like the greater independence of Beaubassin, this distinctiveness was rooted principally in geography. As these characteristics all derived from geography, the true distinction of Beaubassin was its unique status as Acadia’s outpost.

abstract: History & Classics


title: Parent-child relationships, adult attachment style, and joint play in high-risk parents and their young children

contributor:
VanSickle, Lindsay (author)
(Symons, Doug) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: The current study used an attachment theory approach to examine the  interrelations of child-parent attachment security, sensitive parenting, adult attachment  style, and play behaviour in high psychosocial risk families. Participants consisted of  sixteen mothers and their two to seven year-old children. During a laboratory visit, pairs  engaged in play behaviour with a doctor’s kit, which was recorded and later transcribed,  and words were coded for talk about thoughts and feelings. Mothers also completed a  measure of adult attachment style within their romantic relationship. In addition,  observational Q-sorts were completed of attachment security and maternal sensitivity  after a follow-up home visit. As expected, sensitivity and security were positively  related, even after controlling for language abilities. There was also a trend for romantic  avoidance to be negatively related to talk about thoughts and feelings, and those families  with maltreatment histories were less likely to be sensitive and securely attached than  families without.

abstract: Psychology


title: Voices of downtown Dartmouth: A study of urban decay and renewal

contributor:
Dalton, Meaghan E. (author)
(Stewart, Ian) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: Urban decay and renewal have been studied in the North American context  for about a century, most notably by urban studies pioneer Jane Jacobs. This  thesis examines the most prominent theories of urban decay and renewal  that are relevant to my case study of downtown Dartmouth. With a review of  the literature on theories of urban decay and renewal, I determine which  theories hold strongest. However, with my qualitative case study, I further  determine how accurate the prominent theories of urban decay and renewal  are, and if there are any major elements missing. I uncover opinions often  unheard from community members with different backgrounds and  ideologies, including residents, former politicians, non‐profit organizers,  businesspeople, and municipal planners. When it comes to urban renewal, an  almost inevitable occurrence is gentrification. What my case study of  downtown Dartmouth demonstrates is that urban decay and renewal does  follow many of the prominent structural theories; however, the hostility that  can unfairly push lower‐income residents out is less from big business and  developers, and more from a stronghold of conservative long‐term residents  who have been a powerful force in local politics, implementing zoning  policies based on conservative values and discriminatory thinking.

abstract: Politics


title: Best practices and policy in outdoor recreation for children with chronic medical conditions and disabilities

contributor:
Geiwitz, Sarah E. (author)
(Bissix, Glyn) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: The  purpose  of  this  study  was  to  determine  best  practices  within  the  field  of  outdoor  recreation  for  therapeutic  camping  organizations.  Through  relevant  content  analysis  and  semi-‐structured  interviews  with  appropriate  field  leaders,  a  set  of  recommendations  was  developed  for  use  in  the  establishment  and  improvement  of  policy  for  out-‐tripping  outdoor  recreation  programs  for  participants  with  chronic  medical  conditions  and  disabilities.  Brigadoon  Village,  a  camp  in  Nova  Scotia  that  works  with  this  population  is  the  specific  audience  for  which  these  recommendations  were  developed.  However,  they  were  also  designed  to  meet  the  needs  of  other  therapeutic  camping  organizations.  The  specific  topics  within  these  recommendations  include  staff  competency  and  training,  medical  certification,  participant  screening  and  program  auditing.

abstract: Environmental & Sustainability Studies


title: Effects of a physical thought treatment on cognition and mood in cases of clinical depression

contributor:
Bazinet, Patrick A. (author)
(Horvath, Peter) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: The effects of a physical thought treatment on cognition and mood were tested in a small group of depressed outpatients (N = 12). Negative thoughts were disposed of and positive thoughts were protected over a two week period and changes in depressive symptoms, negative automatic thoughts, positive automatic thoughts, dysfunctional attitudes, and happiness were measured. Additionally, a mediational model for cognitive factors was tested on these measurements (N = 16). The intervention was shown to significantly improve depressive symptoms during the treatment phase compared to a two week waiting phase. A strong upward trend was also observed in participants’ level of happiness. No significant changes occurred in positive or negative cognitions. Results of the mediational analysis suggest that state of mind (i.e., the balance of positive and negative thoughts) may explain the relationship between dysfunctional attitudes and depression better than negative thoughts alone. The implications for these findings on cognitive models of depression and possible clinical applications are discussed.

abstract: Psychology


title: Social media as a tool for young women's need satisfaction

contributor:
Livingston, Emily (author)
(Sweatman, Mary) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: Social media has become a leisure activity engaged in by a large population of university  age students. Young women in particular are active on a number of different social media  websites and applications. This study takes a phenomenological approach in looking at  what users are doing on social media and what is motivating them to continue logging on.  Forty women entering their final year of study at a small undergraduate university  responded to a survey investigating a basic understanding of their social media use. From  this survey, six participants agreed to take part in a semi-structured interview that looked  further in-depth at the specifics of their behavior on social media. Four common  perceived needs were identified that a majority of users were satisfying through their  engagement with social media. Contrary to popular research, a fluidity that had a positive  effect on user well-being was identified between the on- and offline identities of  participants.

abstract: Kinesiology


title: Examining biotransport of trace elements by colonial seabirds to the Eastern Shore Islands Wildlife Management Area

contributor:
Mahon, Lewis (author)
(Spooner, Ian) (Thesis advisor)
(Mallory, Mark) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: Marine birds are important vectors of nutrients and contaminants from sea to land.  In normally unproductive polar regions seabirds create productive environments through  nutrient biotransport, however they also contribute to the flux of contaminants to  terrestrial environments where they nest. While it is an important concern in the arctic,  biotransport of contaminants by seabirds is not well understood in temperate regions.  This study examined soil concentrations of trace metals including As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Se, and  Zn in bird colonies in the Eastern Shore Islands Wildlife Management Area (ESIWMA),  Nova Scotia, to determine if biotransport of contaminants is detectable in more naturally  productive ecosystems. X-ray fluorescence was used to analyze soil samples taken from  shallow depth (~5cm) from 23 islands in the ESIWMA, with control samples taken from  those islands with no current or significant historical seabird colony presence. Soil  samples from islands with colonial seabirds (mainly American common eider, Somateria  mollissima dresseri) showed significantly higher Cu, Se, and Zn concentrations than soil  from control islands. No significant difference in concentration was found for Cd, Pb,  and As. Principal Component Analysis separated most of the islands without bird  colonies from those with colonies and found that the first component (PC1) explained  48.6% of the variation in chemistry among samples with high loadings of Cu and Se.  These results provide evidence of biotransport of trace elements in the ESIWMA. This  study contributes to understanding biotransport of metals in temperate regions, and  similar patterns would be expected if testing for organic pollutants in colonized soils.

abstract: Environmental & Sustainability Studies


title: Implementation and perceived effectiveness of the Canadian Diabetes Association’s physical activity resources among diabetes care providers across Canada

contributor:
Gray, Emily M. (author)
(Shields, Chris) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: The present study examined the implementation and perceived effectiveness of the  Canadian Diabetes Association’s (CDA) physical activity resource manual and associated  workshops. Diabetes care providers (DCPs) across Canada were surveyed immediately  following the workshops and 8-12 months afterward. Baseline data (N = 462) revealed  that 58% of DCPs addressed physical activity in >50% of their sessions; however, 73%  spent <25% of their time on this topic. Immediately following the workshop, DCPs  intended to implement the resource (M = 4.5/5). Follow-up analyses (N = 132) revealed  that 66% of DCPs included physical activity in >50% of their sessions. DCPs reported an  increase in confidence, most frequently in providing advice regarding the benefits of  activity (86%) and providing instruction regarding resistance training (86%). While  DCPs found the resource helpful (M = 5.1/7), they most frequently reported time as a  challenge to providing counseling (37%). These findings highlight the impact of this  national initiative and suggest that it improves physical activity promotion in diabetes  care.

abstract: Psychology


title: January Game

contributor:
Henderson, Katie (author)
(Campbell, Wanda) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: January Game is a three-part urban fantasy novella that examines and  experiments with boundaries between good and evil, hero and villain, black and white,  and the realistic and fantastic. In this story, the three main characters face internal and  external battles to achieve their goals. Rebecca desires to fulfill her duty but must  determine what price she is willing to pay. Cilicia struggles with her sense of self as she  works to protect her kin from oppression. Kenzie sympathizes with opposing sides of a  war and struggles to navigate the middle ground. Playing their own game, they all  struggle to win no matter the cost.

abstract: English & Theatre Studies


title: Exploring potential gender differences in relationship memory, and their association with well-being

contributor:
Thibault, Tabatha M. (author)
(Holmberg, Diane) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: This study examined perceptions about memory for relationship events, gender differences in memory, and the perceived association between memory for relationship events and relationship well-being. This study also sought to determine if there is a real gender difference in memory for relationship events, and whether a link exists between own and/or partner’s relationship memory and relationship and psychological well-being. Study 1 recruited individuals to answer questions about their perceptions, as well as measure actual relationship constructs, using an online survey. Study 2 used a pre-existing dataset with heterosexual couples. Participants were found to believe that women have better memory for relationship events than do men. They also believed that the association between relationship memory and relationship well-being was stronger for women than for men. Women actually were found to have better relationship memory than men in Study 1, but not in Study 2. Better relationship memory did appear to predict better well-being, but the effect was not consistently moderated by gender. Implications are discussed.

abstract: Psychology


title: Synthesis of asymmetric main group multiple bonds with phosphenium cation precursors and group 14 carbenoids

contributor:
Nickerson, Jakob A. (author)
(Ellis, Bobby) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: Several N,N-, N,C- and C,C-bound tin and lead carbenoids and phosphenium cation precursors, R2PCl, were synthesised as synthons for asymmetric double bonds. Two phosphorus-tin adducts were successfully synthesised and characterised using 31P{1H} NMR spectroscopy. Plumbylenes were investigated as reactive carbenoids but showed no reactivity, likely due to the non-bonding electrons being too stable due to the inert pair effect. Previous research using carbenes showed that the chloride ion acted as a weakly coordinating counter ion, lacking any bonding interaction to the carbon centre. The crystal structure of one of the phosphorus-tin adducts confirmed that the electron deficient tin centre accepted electron density from the chloride ion, forming a covalent bond. Salt metathesis and halide abstraction were used an attempt to remove the tin-bound chloride, but were not successful. A computational study of phosphenium cation and phosphenium cation precursors interacting with Group 14 carbenoids was investigated. Computational data agreed with experimental observations by predicting that using divalent lead as a carbenoid is less favorable than divalent tin. This suggests that lighter main group elements such as silicon and germanium are viable carbenoids to synthesise an asymmetric double bond.

abstract: Chemistry


title: Distribution and frequency of mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms in Mytilus edulis populations of Western Nova Scotia

contributor:
Rice, Alexandra (author)
(Stewart, Donald) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: Mytilus edulis, Atlantic blue mussels, demonstrate doubly uniparental inheritance  (DUI) of mitochondrial (mt) DNA. Females are homoplasmic for a female-transmitted  mtDNA genome (the F-type), and males are heteroplasmic for an F-type and a male-transmitted  genome (the M-type). F-types can undergo “role reversal” events, resulting in  a new M-type known as a recently masculinized (RM) type that co-occurs in the  population with the evolutionarily older standard male (SM) type. Previous studies  demonstrated that sperm with RM mtDNA have increased velocity in comparison to  sperm with SM mtDNA. It was hypothesized that faster sperm containing RM mtDNA  would have a selective advantage in dense populations, whereas slower but presumably  longer lived sperm containing SM mtDNA would be selected for in sparse populations.  This study examined nine populations of M. edulis to document the geographic  distribution of mtDNA polymorphisms in male mussels along the coast of Western Nova  Scotia. A variety of molecular techniques, including the polymerase chain reaction,  restriction enzyme digests and Sanger sequencing were used to determine species and  mitotype. The RM mitotype was found in five populations along the western coast of  Nova Scotia, including two populations on the Fundy shore. RM mitotypes were in  greatest proportions at two densely populated sites, however, the difference in the  proportion of the RM type among sites was not statistically significant. The SM type was,  however, the most common type in all populations, which suggests that there may be  other selective pressures acting on mitotype distribution. Further analysis on M. edulis  populations is required to better characterize the various selective pressures affecting the  geographic distribution of RM and SM mitotypes in M. edulis.

abstract: Biology


title: Impact of a media intervention education project on university students' helping behaviours for risky drinking

contributor: (Kruisselbrink, Darren) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine if a media intervention education program increased  students’ helping behaviours towards those who engaged in risky drinking.  PARTICIPANTS: Students were surveyed and interviewed between March 2012 and  September 2013. METHODS: Helping behaviours determined to be effective at  preventing negative consequences associated with drinking formed the basis of “The 3  R’s” media slogan (Remain, Revive, Replenish). A video demonstrating the “3 R’s” was  posted through Facebook, Twitter, and email. Students were surveyed and interviewed to  understand the impact. RESULTS: Initial awareness of the video was high but decreased  over time along with memory of what the R’s represented. No differences between  helping behaviors were found between students who were aware or unaware of the video.  Twitter and Facebook were expressed as the most effective forms of media reach.  CONCLUSIONS: This research shows the potential for repeated messaging over  Facebook and Twitter to effectively reach students.

abstract: Kinesiology


title: Governmentality and resistance in the Egyptian 'Revolutionary' Uprisings: A biopolitical perspective

contributor:
Dean, Jenna Rae (author)
(Whitehall, Geoffrey) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: In a four-step process, this project will use a biopolitical framework to argue a joint  exploration and contextualization of the project of governmentality and the possibility for  resistant agency. In light of the impact of the Arab Uprisings in shaping the political  landscape of the MENA zone and beyond, the case study of the 2011 Arab Uprisings in the  context of Egypt will be employed to ground the theoretical project of exploring the  capabilities and restraints of governmentality and resistant agency. An examination of the  biopolitical concept of governmentality, followed by an exploration of non-state  governmentality rationalities and their function on externalized populations, will be  undertaken. Finally, these moves and assertions will be contextualized in the context of the  2011 Egyptian Uprisings. The two arguments reached in this project are 1) that a  governmentality framework proves a more comprehensive alternative to thinking about the  political than a sovereign model, and 2) potential for transformative, resistant agency lies in  collective action.

abstract: Politics


title: An investigation of mentors' perceptions of reciprocity in mentoring relationships through recreation and leisure

contributor:
Spears, Simone M. (author)
(Sweatman, Mary) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: A thorough review of current literature around the topic of mentorship and youth was completed. It was found that there are gaps in terms of the benefits experienced by the mentor and the role of recreation and leisure in mentoring relationships with youth. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of recreation and leisure in mentor-mentee relationships that are formed between students in alternative education schools in Nova Scotia, and their adult mentors, from the perspective of the mentor.  Semi structured, in-depth interviews were used to collect data around the topic. It was found that recreation and leisure provide an environment for natural mentoring relationships to be developed and sustained. This was due to the ability of this environment to promote the “breaking down of barriers” which allows the mentor to connect with the youth, and the increased ability for the mentor to build rapport with their mentee during recreational or leisure time. It was also found that a reciprocal effect does in fact occur in mentoring relationships as both the mentor and the mentee benefit positively in some way from the relationship. Finally, it was also discovered that due to the reciprocity in these relationships both the mentor and the mentee are more open to mentoring, or being mentored, in the future.

abstract: Environmental & Sustainability Studies


title: Do tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) parents choreograph feeding of nestlings to deter predation?

contributor:
Sutton, Madeline Marie (author)
(Shutler, Dave) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: Predation accounts for greater than 60% of egg and nestling losses in many species of birds. Thus, crypsis (ability of an organism to avoid detection by other organisms) can be critical to egg, nestling, and parent survival. I studied behavioural crypsis, and in particular whether tree swallow parents use feeding “choreography” to avoid alerting predators of the location of occupied nests. Choreography was quantified as coordination of parental movement around nests, including both entry/exit angles and entry/exit timing. Twenty-two different tree swallow nests, located at four sites within the Annapolis Valley, were included in the study. During multiple 30-min observations at each nest, entry/exit angles and times of entries and exits were recorded. Feeding rate gradually increased during the first two weeks and slowly leveled off as offspring reached asymptotic size. Entry/exit angles deviated from a null expectation, but not in a manner which would suggest parents were attempting to deceive predators. Furthermore, there was no difference in vector preference between entries and exits. Feeding was more synchronous than expected by chance, with most feedings falling between 0 and 2 minutes of each other. Results support presence of choreography in behaviour, but not in the manner predicted. Further data and analyses may reveal other factors influencing choreography, and the value of choreography to fledging success.

abstract: Biology


title: Acadia alcohol policy and its effectiveness in reducing student harms

contributor:
Fagan, Coltan (author)
(Kitchin, Heather) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: Alcohol is an ongoing problem in many academic institutions and many universities are trying to implement policies to ensure student safety. This thesis examines alcohol policy at Acadia University over the last 27 years and whether from the perspective of current students Acadia’s policies are effective in reducing student substance abuse harms. This thesis utilized these research methods: a policy analysis of Acadia alcohol policies over the last 27 years, a content analysis of yearbook photos from the last 27 years, and a survey completed by current Acadia students. Findings from a comparative analysis of the history of documented drinking behaviours in yearbooks and policy adjustments over time indicate Acadia is an example of punctuated equilibrium theory of policy making. Findings from the survey suggest that from the perspective of students, policies are effective in reducing student harms but only to the extent policies influence behaviour. Based on research findings, it is recommended that some of the alcohol policies be amended at Acadia University to further reduce student substance abuse harms but ultimately cultural changes need to occur in order to significantly reduce student alcohol harms.

abstract: Sociology


title: The effects of temperature and nutrient availability on immunity and fecundity in the mosquito, Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae)

contributor:
Beckett, Nicole H.A. (author)
(Smith, Todd) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: Mosquitoes serve as vectors of many species of pathogens and as a result have a  massive impact on human health. The common house mosquito, Culex pipiens, is  medically important in North America, as it is the most efficient vector of West Nile  Virus. The objectives of this study were to examine the effects of varying local  environmental factors of temperature and diet on 1) immunity and 2) fecundity of  C. pipiens to gain insight on how environmental change may affect insect populations.  Female C. pipiens were fed on human volunteers, separated into two nutrient cohorts  with a 2% or 20% w/v sucrose solution diet, and maintained at 22 C, 25 C, or 30 C.  Immune function was measured by injecting an A-25 Sephadex bead into the mosquito  thorax for 24 hr and scoring the resulting melanisation and encapsulation. To determine  fecundity, female mosquitoes were fed blood a second time, and deposited egg rafts were  measured for egg number, egg size, and hatching success of larvae. The immune response  was significantly affected by temperature, as a stronger response was mounted at 22 C  and 30 C, compared to 25 C. Diet did not have a significant effect on immune function.  Preliminary data suggest that temperature affected fecundity, as egg size increased  significantly in length, width, and cross-sectional area at 30 C, compared to 22 C and  25 C, and number of eggs per raft and hatching success also increased significantly from  25 C to 30 C. Preliminary data suggest that diet did not affect fecundity, as egg size did  not change consistently, and the number of eggs per raft and hatching success did not  vary significantly between diets of 2% w/v sucrose and 20% w/v sucrose.

abstract: Biology


title: 'Nature': The nature of alienation

contributor:
Hooper, Lauren (author)
(Biro, Andrew) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: The concept of ‘nature’ in Marx has received numerous different interpretations, many of  which present polarizing accounts ranging from anti-ecological sentiments to  ecologically conscious narratives. However, such polarizing accounts fail to adequately  acknowledge the importance of alienation in relation to the concept of ‘nature.’  Ultimately, alienation contains the potentiality for an alternative narrative than that of  ‘domination’ or ‘mastery’ over nature. In order to examine the concept of alienation in  relation to the development of ‘nature’ three specific works of Marx will be examined.  First, the 1844 Manuscripts, then Grundrisse, and finally Capital. In addition,  contemporary questions and debates surrounding environmentalism will be examined in  relation to the analysis of Marx’s work.

abstract: Politics


title: An exploratory study of the effects of information and computing technologies on the practice of law

contributor:
Morton, Stephanie E. (author)
(Weatherbee, Terrance) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: This is an exploratory study, whose purpose is to illustrate the effects of information and  computing technologies (ICTs) on the practice of law. Today’s advancing technology  causes continuous modifications in the manner in which organizations conduct and  structure themselves. There has been a wealth of research into exactly how general  business practices are being reshaped as result of ICTs. However, specific practices, such  as those by professionals, are areas that have been less studied.  Through semi-structured interviews, the study explored the thoughts, opinions,  perceptions, and interpretations of ten lawyers from various law firms in order to  determine what effects are taking place upon legal professionals in today’s technologized  society. This qualitative research approach allowed for in-depth explanations to emerge  from the research, where grounded theory was used in order to analyze the data.  The content of the interviews were used to develop multiple categories, which were then  compared and contrasted to previous research. The results illustrated positive and  negative effects currently taking place, with regards to anonymity, connectedness,  efficiency, work-life balance, security, and peace of mind. These results are presented to  support legal professionals and future researchers in understanding the effects of  information and computing technologies within legal practices.

abstract: Business


title: 3-dimensional finite volume ocean coastal modelling of the Grand Passage

contributor:
Bharath, Aidan B. (author)
(Karsten, Richard) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: The optimal design and placement of tidal turbines requires a careful and accurate  characterization of the tidal   ow at the site. But, direct measurements of tidal   ow  at a site are limited by the cost and time available to collect data. Thus, a full  site assessment relies on numerical modelling to develop an understanding of the  site's long-term potential and provide   ow characteristics necessary for turbine design.  Fully 3D CFD models are computationally expensive and thus impractical for long  term studies. Simplifying the complexity of the models increases the timescales that  can be practically simulated, but then raises questions of the validity of the results.  In this study, a hydrostatic, coastal-ocean model (FVCOM) was used to analyze  possible tidal energy sites in Grand Passage. The 3D model simulations are vali-  dated against data collected by acoustic doppler current pro lers and previous 2D  simulations. Model parameters were varied to analyze the e ect on the shape of the  vertical pro les. The 3D simulations are used to characterize the vertical pro les,  in particular identifying regions of reverse shear. Bathymetric features are linked to  these reverse shear regions as well as streamwise   ow characteristics. The simulations  are also used to examine the structure and propagation of large eddies that create  large   uctuations in the   ow. In conclusion locations with strong   ow and low levels  of eddy activity are identi ed for possible turbine deployment.

abstract: Physics


title: Predictors of performance in research methods

contributor:
Oxford, Cheryl (author)
Acadia University (degree_grantor)
(Mehta, Rick) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract: At Acadia University, Psychology majors must successfully meet the requirements of the Research Design and Analysis (RDA) courses in order to graduate. Unfortunately, these courses have high attrition rates. The objective of the current study was to determine which of five measures best predicted performance in a fall semester RDA course at Acadia. Surveys were completed by 34 undergraduate psychology majors during the first two weeks of class. The results demonstrated that students’ attitudes toward statistics was able to predict performance in RDA, while attitudes toward research, numeracy, math anxiety, and academic motivation were not. Finally, contrary to our expectations, it was found that higher grades were associated with lower academic motivation levels, and neutral attitudes. Future research with a larger, more representative sample is required to explore these relationships further.

abstract: Psychology


title: Charge density waves in Nb3M4 (M = Se, Te) intercalated with Tl and In

contributor:
Beale, Stefanie Joyce (author)
Acadia University (degree_grantor)
(Bennett, Craig) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract:
Charge density waves (CDW) are a coupled modulation of the conduction electron density and host lattice structure that occurs primarily in low-dimensional compounds.  The Nb3M4 (M = Se, Te) system consists of zigzag chains of niobium atoms which act as a quasi-one-dimensional  structure,  surrounded  by  an  external  framework  of  selenium or tellurium atoms.  The lattice contains large hexagonal tunnels into which intercalate atoms may be added with negligible disturbance
of the host lattice.  We have observed, for the first time, that a CDW can be induced in the Nb3Se4 system via the intercalation of thallium or indium.  The effects of varying intercalate concentration on the onset temperature and wavevector of CDW were investigated using transmission electron microscopy and electrical resistivity measurements.
Energy dispersive spectroscopy was used to measure the concentration of intercalate and powder X-ray diffraction served to quantify the effects of intercalation on the host lattice.

abstract: Physics


title: An evaluation of the relationship between adventure tourism and environmental sustainability

contributor:
Matthews, Emily (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Colton, John) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract:
Adventure tourism, a subset of the tourism industry, is a sector that has experienced an increasing rate of growth in recent years. As a result, adventure tourism operations have increased their rate of development and growth to meet this high
consumer demand. Consequently, environmental degradation associated with adventure tourism has increased simultaneously. Adventure tourism operations have been shown to negatively impact the environment in various ways including: contribution to climate change and high-energy usage; high water usage; deforestation and habitat degradation;
and waste production. However, there have also been cases of adventure tourism contributing to impact mitigation and
the overall promotion of environmental sustainability through the development of environmental management plans and
environmental education programs. The purpose of this thesis was to evaluate the relationship between adventure tourism and environmental sustainability, and to use this understanding to shed light on how the industry and individual operations can work towards environmental sustainability. In order to evaluate this relationship, qualitative research was utilized in the form of semi-structured interviews with adventure tourism professionals in Whistler, British Columbia, Canada’s leading destination for adventure tourism activities.

abstract: Environmental & Sustainability Studies


title: The effects of cold water immersion on recovery from eccentric exercise in active university males

contributor:
Stoqua, Sean (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(King, Colin) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract: This study examined the effects of cold water immersion (CWI) on recovery following eccentric exercise. Seventeen (17) active male university students were recruited to perform a baseline testing session that included maximal broad jump, vertical jump , 40 yard sprint and muscular strength and endurance testing on a Biodex dynamometer. After baseline testing all subjects returned 48 hours later and completed an intervention workout consisting of various eccentric plyometric exercises. Following the intervention workout all subjects were randomly divided into a CWI group or control group, the CWI subjects were exposed to a 15 minute CWI intervention or a control group that took part in a 15 minute active recovery protocol. Subjects had their broad jump, vertical jump, 40 yard sprint and muscular strength and endurance restested 48 hours following the intervention eccentric workout. No significant differences were found between the CWI group and the control group. However, there were significant differences found (P<0.05)  between subjective variables as the CWI group indicated higher levels of muscle soreness and relaxation for the 48 hour period following the eccentric workout. The current study supports the trend that CWI may not be a signifcant factor in short term anaerobic recovery and that active recovery may be a useful modality to reduce muscle soreness following eccentric exercise.

abstract: Kinesiology


title: 'An intimate charm': The creation of national parks in England & Wales

contributor:
Bonsteel, Norah (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Duke, David) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract:
This thesis examines the history of the creation of national parks in England and Wales, and emphasises the continuous nature of the campaign for national parks over decades that built in strength and reshaped political and popular attitudes in its favour. This study traces the  origins  of  the  idea  which  built  upon  traditions  of environmental conservation
and  a trend towards the preservation of aspects of town and country life. Numerous organisations that were interested in national parks for their value of both environmental  and countryside preservation  and recreation, promoted  the  idea  of  national  parks  in  the  early  twentieth century and lobbied the government to act. The 1930s were a key period in the campaign for national parks with the publication of the Report of the Committee for National Parks in  1931,  the  peak  of  the  open  access  movement  led  by  ramblers, the  formation  of  the Standing Committee on National Parks. and the disappointing first attempt at legislation to provide public  access  to  the  countryside  in  1939. Campaigners  for  national  parks continued their efforts during the Second World War and in the post-war period when their cause was  advanced  by  the  publication of  the  Scott  Report  (1942),  the  Dower  Report (1945), and the Hobhouse Report (1947), all of which
concluded in favour of national park creation in Britain. The National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act was eventually passed in 1949 when political, economic, social conditions coalesced in to an atmosphere in which meaningful national park legislation was possible.

abstract: History & Classics


title: Understanding the (mis)match between intended & perceived brand personality: The case of wine labels/packaging

contributor:
Forbes-Crowe, Brianna S. (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Sears, Donna) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract:
This study examined the effectiveness of a winery in portraying brand personality through one of its products. It was conducted by first interviewing The Winery to find how it was attempting to portray its intended brand personality and to which market segment(s)  The Winery was trying to portray this brand personality. Focus groups composed of The Winery’s
target segments were then conducted to explore how the target segments interpreted The Winery and The Wine’s brand personality. The responses of the focus groups were compared and contrasted with the responses of The Winery and it was
found that The Winery has been successful in portraying their intended ideas to an older audience and their intended rand personality to a younger audience. It was also found that The Winery has been unsuccessful in portraying The Wine’s intended brand personality.

abstract: Business


title: A clinical study on the effect of a probiotic formulation on memory, learning, anxiety, and  mood

contributor:
Toulany, Billy S. (author)
Acadia University (degree_grantor)
(Potter, Susan) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract: Animal studies have shown that probiotics influence brain functioning via the gut-brain axis, exerting positive effects on anxiety and behaviour. The aim of the present study was to extend these findings to humans, in a clinical trial exploring the effects of probiotics on anxiety, mood, and memory in adults. Participants (n=46) consumed either a placebo or probiotic supplement for five weeks. Mood, anxiety, and memory were assessed pre-and post-intervention, using a variety of anxiety and mood measures, as well as verbal and visual memory tasks. In this small sample, no significant differences between the probiotic and placebo group were found. Both groups significantly improved on the anxiety and mood measures. There was no change in memory. A powerful placebo response likely contributed to the inability to detect a probiotic effect. Due to the absence of a probiotic effect, the relationship between memory and anxiety could not be quantified.

abstract: Psychology


title: Defending philosophy: A critique of arguments originating in the scientistic attitude

contributor:
Brown, Ryan (author)
Acadia University (degree_grantor)
(Abela, Paul) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract:
Recently, attacks launched against philosophy have become increasingly prevalent from some prominent scientists. I allege that these attacks are symptoms of a growing attitude known as “scientism”– an exaggerated belief in the power of science. As I diagnose it, scientism is constituted by four main “doctrines,” each of which are suspect. First, I provide some detail on what scientism entails. I then introduce some defences of scientism, arguing that they ultimately fail to generate a compelling defence of the position. I divide attacks on philosophy and other non-scientific areas of inquiry into two general types: (i) challenges that derive directly from these scientistic “doctrines” and (ii) challenges that, although motivated by scientistic attitudes, arise from misunderstandings regarding the nature of philosophy. I examine the four doctrines in detail, exposing each as unjustified. I conclude that arguments that rely upon them are likewise defective. Having exposed these doctrines as defective, I consider related claims that challenge the value of philosophy. I argue that these claims
arise out of misunderstandings of philosophy, and what its practices and aims are, compared with those of science. I show
how these misunderstandings in turn lead to both mistakenly founded challenges, and to category mistakes regarding the nature of philosophy. Having defended philosophy from the scientistic attacks levelled against it, I present a positive argument for the role of philosophy in science, examining the philosophical underpinnings of scientific pursuits. I conclude that philosophy is not rendered obsolete by the advance of science, as some of these scientists have alleged. Far from being obsolete, philosophy plays a crucial and essential role in the operation of science.

abstract: Philosophy


title: Functional validation of an IPAD delivered prism adaption procedure in healthy young adults

contributor:
Haidar, Gabrielle M. (author)
Acadia University (degree_grantor)
(Champod, Anne Sophie) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract:
There is an unmet need for effective and standardized interventions for spatial neglect, which is a condition after stroke that makes it difficult for patients to attend to the left side of space. Prism adaptation (PA) is an experimental treatment for spatial neglect. Peg-the-Mole (PTM) is a game-like PA procedure developed to address the limitations of the typical PA procedure. The purpose of the present study was threefold: 1) to examine the effectiveness of PTM used on an iPad in inducing pointing after-effects in healthy participants, 2) to investigate if pointing after-effects generalize to a wheelchair
manoeuvring task, 3) to examine if the magnitude of PA effects on wheelchair manoeuvringis influenced by the number of trained hand trajectories during PTM. It was found that PTM induced significant after-effects on both pointing tasks, which
generalized to the wheelchair manoeuvring task. The number of trained hand trajectories did not influence the magnitude of PA effects on the wheelchair manoeuvring task. In the future, it is hoped that PTM will provide an opportunity for patients to complete their treatment in the comfort of their home.

abstract: Psychology


title: The Effect of host tree diameter on landing rate of Tetropium fuscum (Fabr.) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

contributor:
Nelson, Tyler D. (author)
Acadia University (degree_grantor)
(Hillier, Kirk) (Thesis advisor)
(Sweeney, Jon) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract:
The brown spruce longhorn beetle, Tetropium fuscum (Fabr.), is an invasive beetle from Europe that has been established in Nova Scotia since at least 1990. It primarily infests and kills spruce trees (Picea spp.) that exhibit low vigour or spruce that are stressed due to disturbances such as defoliation, drought, or extreme wind. Surveying has shown that beetle infestation mainly occurs in spruce with large diameters at breast height (dbh) and that spruce infestation has not been
observed in trees smaller than 9 cm in dbh. Tetropium fuscum completes its entire larval development in the phloem of its host, so our hypothesis was that the beetle prefers hosts with greater phloem area and thickness i.e. trees with larger diameter. This study aimed to discern whether host tree diameter affected the landing rate of T. fuscum, as measured by the number of beetles that landed on sticky bands wrapped around the bole of P. rubens at breast height. Linear regression was used to test the relationship between tree dbh and the number of T. fuscum per square metre as well as
the number of T. fuscum per tree, i.e. per sticky band. Results showed a significant positive linear relationship between dbh
and T. fuscum caught per tree, but no significant relationship between dbh and T. fuscum density. If the largest trees within the dbh range test (30 cm) are the preferred hosts of T. fuscum, one would expect that the density of foraging adults would increase with dbh as well. This inconsistency might be attributed to the vigour of the trees which was positively correlated with dbh. Additionally, we investigated the effect of a power line access corridor near the study site on the landing rate of
T. fuscum, as we believed that adult beetles were more inclined to forage for hosts away from the corridor where there were more potential host trees. A series of heatmaps was developed, accompanied by a linear regression of T. fuscum per square metre on each band versus proximity to the corridor. There was little evidence that proximity to the corridor affected T. fuscum landing rate. Overall, we recommend further research on the relationship between tree vigour and the host choice of T. fuscum.

abstract: Biology


title: Assessing stock and fishery status of spawning Alewife, Alosa pseudoharengus, in the Gaspereau River, Nova Scotia, by using video counts to estimate spawning run size and escapement

contributor:
Bonang, Jordan J. (author)
Acadia University (degree_grantor)
(Avery, Trevor) (Thesis advisor)
(Gibson, Jamie) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract: Alewife, Alosa pseudoharengus, are an anadromous species of fish that are harvested commercially as they ascend rivers to spawn in the Spring. In 2001, an assessment of the Alewife population in the Gaspereau River revealed that the stock was heavily exploited resulting in the establishment of a fisheries management plan with two primary goals: 1) to reduce fishing mortality and 2) reach a spawning escapement of 400,000 adults. Based on assessments of stock and fishery status from each year up to 2006, the management plan did reduce the exploitation rate, and the escapement more than doubled over values in the late 1990s. Since 2002, video monitoring at the White Rock fish ladder has occurred annually during the spawning run, but video after 2007 was not analyzed for Alewife counts. Counts for 2015 were undertaken, and, using a two-way stratified statistical sampling design, escapement and daily run size were estimated. A total escapement of about 437,000 Alewife was estimated. These estimates will provide information about the 2015 spawning run in the Gaspereau River system with respect to management goals. Commercial landings on the river were provided by the Gaspereau Fishermans Association and were combined with the escapement estimate to estimate a total run sizeof approximately 1,0 60,000 fish. A time series of 14 years of escapement estimates and exploitation rates for Alewife in Gaspereau River spawning runs, consisting of years 1982–1984, 1995–2006, and 2015, were summarized to make inferences about the recovery of the Alewife stock and fishery to its present status.

abstract: Biology


title: The simplicity of fat?: Assessing the efficacy of anti-obesity campaigns from a fat studies and feminist perspective

contributor:
Walls, Róisín Anne (author)
Acadia University (degree_grantor)
(Watson, Amanda) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract:
This thesis examines the messages in two anti-obesity campaigns: Coca-Cola’s Coming Together advertisement and Michelle Obama’s Let’s Move! campaign webpage. I explore the messages, both visual and textual, that are portrayed in these campaigns and then explain how these messages negatively impact the targeted fat population. Very little research
has explored the implicit messages portrayed in these two anti-obesity campaigns. The purpose of this study is to critically evaluate their subtle biases against fat people and to evaluate how they promote weight loss while potentially causing
psychological harm. In order to get a better understanding of how messages about fatness are circulated, this research examines two case studies: Coca-Cola’s Coming Together anti-obesity advertisement and Michelle Obama’s Lets Move!
Campaign. A multimodal critical discourse analysis was conducted on Coca-Cola’s advertisement and the Learn The Facts About Let’s Move! and Take Action Simple Steps To Success webpages on Michelle Obama’s Let’s Move website. The themes of the codes emerged from my data. The most common code that occurred in the Coming Together advertisement was
company publicity, and the codes that are believed to be the most detrimental to fat individuals was individual responsibility and negative context. The emerging themes that developed from the multimodal critical discourse analysis was the idea that there is a simple solution to ending obesity and that parents, specifically mothers, are the ones responsible for childhood obesity. Further research should be conducted in order to broaden the spectrum of anti-obesity campaigns analyzed and these should be contrasted with body acceptance and body diversity campaigns in order to show which type of campaigns have more positive effects on the targeted fat individuals

abstract: Sociology


title: Leptin as a measure of body condition in Leach's storm petrel chicks

contributor:
MacDougall, Sarah E. (author)
Acadia University (degree_grantor)
(Wilson, Brian) (Thesis advisor)
(Shutler, Dave) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract:
When a vertebrate is stressed, its body has a neuroendocrine response that involves the hypothalamus, pituitary, and adrenal glands, with the adrenals releasing glucocorticoids.  Corticosterone (CORT) is the most common glucocorticoid secreted in non-human vertebrates, and it plays a crucial role in regulating stress.  CORT can be used to assess body condition; however, other metrics of body condition are needed.  A less understood measure is leptin protein that is secreted by adipocytes and plays a key role in energy homeostasis by acting on receptors in the hypothalamus to decrease appetite. Leptin is a recently discovered protein in birds, and little is known about its actions. Objectives of this study
were to determine if leptin is a suitable indirect proxy of assessing body condition in birds by correlating plasma leptin levels with morphological measures of body size and condition. Blood from Leach’s storm-petrel chicks was sampled to analyze circulating levels of leptin.  Plasma was separated from blood and used in Western Blots to analyze chick leptin levels. There were no significant correlations between chick plasma leptin and morphological measures.  This could be because chicks may need to keep leptin at a consistent level to increase lipid deposits, which are essential to their
growth and survival.  Chicks may also have different leptin physiology than adults and domestic, non-avian species .  These results contribute to further understanding of avian leptin and measures of body condition

abstract: Biology


title: Validation and calibration of tidal models in the Bay of Fundy

contributor:
Smith, Jonathan William (author)
Acadia University (degree_grantor)
(Karsten, Richard) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract:
Generating tidal power in the Bay of Fundy is an important aspect of Nova Scotia's shift to renewable energy.  Since collection of ocean data is expensive, tidal models such as the Finite Volume Community Ocean Model (FVCOM) are used to simulate the flow within the bay.  This thesis develops a new method of calibration for reducing the error of this model to
within acceptable levels.  The calibration method focuses on creating accurate data within the Digby Passages and Minas Passage, both locations of interest for placement of in-stream tidal turbines.  Following the application of the calibration method, the model is validated against  Acoustic  Doppler  Current  Profiler  (ADCP)  data  collected  from  the  passages  to
ensure  accuracy  and  improvement  over  existing  modeled  data.   The  method  is  shown  to improve the performance of the model at most of the locations of interest, although there is room for further improvements.

abstract: Mathematics & Statistics


title: Evaluating the effects of charged biochar and arbuscular mycorrhizae on the growth of the wetland grass Glyceria striata (Poaceae) (Lam.) Hitchc.

contributor:
Moland, Sadie (author)
Acadia University (degree_grantor)
(Walker, Allison) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract:
Biochar is gaining attention worldwide for its potential use as an organic soil amendment that could increase agricultural yields, improve soil fertility, and reduce CO2 emissions. This research studies biochar in the context of wetland restoration projects with regards to its potential use in increasing the survival rate of the wetland grass Glyceria striata (Poaceae) (Lam.) Hitchc. (fowl mannagrass) greenhouses for future re-introduction into restored sites. In greenhouse trials, we tested three
different application rates (10%, 50%, 75% by volume [v/v]) of charged and uncharged biochar added to soil in combination with a commercial arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) inoculant. The aboveground biomass (shoot mass), belowground biomass (root mass), and the shoot height of 166 G. striata plants were recorded after 92 days of growth. Trends for
sampling data were modeled using generalized linear models (GLMs) produced by the statistical package R. Results indicated that the 50% (v/v) application rate of charged biochar that was not in combination with AMF produced the greatest response in growth possibly due to the change in pH and nutrient availability accompanying this treatment. DNA analysis using AMF-specific PCR primers also indicated that G. striata does support AMF which is, to our knowledge, the first recorded evidence of this particular symbiosis. However, in most cases, fungal inoculation was not found to play a significant role in the growth of G. striata in our greenhouse setting. In the future, this project could be expanded to include field trials in restoration sites using material grown in soil amended with our recommendation of 50% (v/v) of charged
biochar. More research is needed to study the relationship and potential interactions between biochar and AMF, particularly when biochar is charged with nutrients.

abstract: Biology


title: The effects of variable environmental factors on the fecundity of the mosquito, Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae)

contributor:
French, Marie-Catherine (author)
Acadia University (degree_grantor)
(Smith, Todd) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract:
Culex pipiens
is the most widespread species of mosquito in the world, accountable for transmitting West Nile Virus (WNV) and other blood-borne pathogens from a variety of hosts. There is little known about the role of ecological factors on fecundity of these mosquitoes, particularly factors characteristic of climate change.  The objective of this project is to determine the effects of availability of sucrose, which serves as food between blood meals, and temperature on the fecundity of the mosquito, Culex pipiens. Female mosquitoes were divided into six cohorts, provided with either a 2% or 20% sucrose solution, and incubated at either 22°C, 25°C, or 30°C. Females were supplied with a total of two human blood meals to support two rounds of oviposition, of which the second batch of egg rafts were subjected to fecundity analyses. Ten randomly selected eggs were taken from each egg raft, and fecundity was evaluated based on length, width, and cross-sectional area of each egg, as well as total number of eggs per raft and hatching success of larvae. An increase in temperature and sucrose concentration was hypothesized to increase the number of eggs per raft, size of individual eggs, and hatching success. Results revealed a significant increase in the mean number of eggs from 22°C to 25°C and 30°C as well as a significant decrease in the mean number of eggs from 25°C to 30°C. However, there was not a significant difference in the mean number of eggs between 2% w/v to 20% w/v sucrose diets. There was a significant decrease in mean egg length comparing 22°C and 25°C to 30°C, but not a significance in mean width or cross-sectional area. Lastly, there was a significant decrease in mean egg length, width, and cross-sectional area from a 2% w/v to 20% w/v sucrose diet.
Preliminary data on hatching success was inconclusive.

abstract: Biology


title: Women and beer: Investigating women’s beer preferences using preferred attribute elicitation and conjoint analysis

contributor:
Muggah, Elizabeth (author)
Acadia University (degree_grantor)
(McSweeney, Matthew) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract:
The landscape of the Canadian beer industry is changing. Overall, consumers are drinking less alcohol but are developing an interest in craft beer causing a premiumization of beer products. It has been reported that twice as many males as
females drink beer and suggested that only one fifth of women are primarily beer drinkers. In order to sustain the fast expanding craft beer industry companies will need to work to attract female consumers. In the past, there has been a lot of sensory research conducted regarding the evaluation of beer; however, women’s beer preferences have not been examined in isolation. A choice based conjoint analysis (CBC) survey was designed to extract the importance of individual attributes on women’s liking of beer.  One hundred and forty four female participants completed the CBC survey; utility scores and consumer clusters were generated using Hierarchical Bayesian and Latent Class Analysis. Preferred attribute
elicitation (PAE), a rapid sensory method, was conducted using two groups of females (n=16, n=15) and two groups of males (n=11, n=17). The participants evaluated three ales and one lager. Two of the samples were NS brewed craft beers and the other two samples were nationally available macro-brewed beers. The results of this trial were analyzed using Generalized Procrustes Analysis (GPA). The preference maps created using GPA were compared using RV coefficients. A consumer trial was also conducted using the same samples. Panelists (n=108) evaluated overall liking, liking of flavour, and liking of
mouthfeel on 9-point hedonic scales. They also rated perceived bitterness on a 15-centimeter intensity scale. The results of the consumer trial were regressed onto the preference maps created using the PAE data to generate consumer clusters using Agglomerative Hierarchal Clustering. The results of the CA trial displayed that there is a strong negative correlation between bitterness and female liking of beer. Stouts, black coloured, and macro-brewed beers were also found to have negative effects on liking, although, sweetness was found to be a positive driver of liking. Generally, all of the female clusters were found to prefer sweet beers with low levels of bitterness. The results found that men and women evaluate beer differently. However, all groups were able to generate similar product descriptions of the samples. The liking scores were found to be negativity correlated with the bitterness intensity ratings, supporting the finding that bitterness is
generally disliked in beer products by consumers. Consumer clusters generated using the PAE results and indicated that
84% of the female consumers were associated with the macro-brewed beer samples. This suggests that although macro-brewed national brands had a negative effect on female liking, women prefer the intrinsic qualities of macro-brewed beers.

abstract: Nutrition & Dietetics


title: Semiquantitative RT-PCR analysis of transcriptional signature genes of innate immunity in zebrafish (Danio rerio, Hamilton, 1822).

contributor:
Rogers, Emily (author)
Acadia University (degree_grantor)
(Walker, Allison) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract:
This work focused on studying the genes involved in innate immunity in zebrafish. Total mRNA was isolated from various zebrafish tissues (i.e., liver, kidney, and male and female gonad tissue) then reverse transcribed. cDNA was then screened
using PCRs with gene specific primers to determine which transcriptional signature genes of innate immunity were being expressed in each tissue type. Genes of interest were Tbx21, Id2, Eomes1 and Zbtb16a. The above experiments included designing novel primer pairs for the amplification of Tbx21 and Zbtb16a. Agarose gel electrophoresis results indicated the presence of mRNA transcripts of Eomes1 and Tbx21 in kidney, and male and female gonad tissues (i.e., not in liver); the presence of Id2 transcripts in all tissues; the strong presence of Zbtb16a transcripts in male and female gonad tissue, and
the faint presence of transcripts in kidney samples. Our detection of the presence of Zbtb16a –the zebrafish homologue of PLZF, is a transcriptional signature of natural killer T (NKT) cells in mice–in a zebrafish immune organ (i.e. kidney) may be
indicative of the presence of NKT cells in this species. Semi-quantitative analysis of gene expression in the respective tissue types can be used to make decisions as to which genes of interest and which tissue types should be explored quantitatively in future studies.

abstract: Biology


title: The Ivany tower, whose One Nova Scotia?: a critical discourse analysis of "The Ivany Report"

contributor:
Power-Grimm, Reed (author)
Acadia University (degree_grantor)
(Abramson, Zelda) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract:
Released in the winter of 2014, the report entitled Now or Never: An Urgent Call to Action for Nova Scotians, or commonly "The Ivany Report,” has been instrumental in public discussion of the future of Nova Scotia. I present a critical discourse analysis of this report, rooted in the standpoint of the working class of Nova Scotia. I investigate the role the crisis narrative plays in the report, and the ‘now or never’ approach taken by the Ivany Commission. I argue that the report serves three main functions: the maintenance of the hegemony of the dominant economic class in this province, the implementation of
certain neoliberal policies, and the downloading of political and economic responsibility onto the working class. The report
coopts traditional notions of solidarity and culture to create the spontaneous consent of the working class for a projet national of increased economic growth.

abstract: Sociology


title: Effluent water quality and treatment options for a food processing facility

contributor:
Ardley, Sonya F. (author)
Acadia University (degree_grantor)
(Rand, Jennie) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effluent quality at a food processing plant in rural  Nova  Scotia, which  primarily  processed frozen  carrot  and  blueberry  products between  August  and  November each  year. Wastewater  from  production was  directly discharged  into an  adjacent saltwater  basin  and  had  historically  met  the  operating
guidelines established by Nova Scotia Environment. However, during the 2014 processing season, Environment Canada
conducted an acute lethality test to assess the quality of the final  effluent  discharged  directly  from  the  pipe  outlet.  The  test  failed,  which  led  to  an Inspector’s Direction to treat the effluent in order to pass an additional test one year later. A data  review  and comprehensive  sampling  program  was established  to determine  the cause  of  the  acute  lethality  of  the  water,  and  to  evaluate  the  effectiveness  of  the  current wastewater treatment process. Results indicated that the high biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) was responsible for depleting dissolved oxygen and suffocating the fish during the acute lethality test. Certain processes in the plant were identified as being high contributors to organic loads in the effluent. Additionally, the results of the sampling program indicated that  the  current  wastewater  treatment  at  the  plant  was  insufficient.  This initiated  bench-scale     wastewater     treatment     experimentation     using     activated    sludge and
coagulation/flocculation  methods to  improve  the  quality  of  the  final  effluent.  The  most effective treatment option for
the plant proved to be activated sludge because it resulted in the greatest BOD5 reduction.

abstract: Environmental & Sustainability Studies


title: UNESCO World Heritage site visitation in Nova Scotia: Determinants of tourist expenditures and economic impacts

contributor:
Kyte, James D. (author)
Acadia University (degree_grantor)
(VanBlarcom, Brian) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract:
The United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage (WH) list recognizes and encourages the preservation of sites of outstanding historic value, both cultural and natural. The province of Nova Scotia hosts three WH sites: Old Town Lunenburg, the Joggins Fossil Cliffs, and the Landscape of Grand-Pré. All three sites reference the interntionally recognized WH incription in marketing material to increase local economic activity through tourist visitation. Existing literature, however, is inconclusive regarding the economic benefit of this design ation and how to maximize it.

The presence of three WH sites in close proximity in Nova Scotia provides an opportunity to identify local economic impacts
arising from visitor spending. The identification of major influences on levels of total economic output may provide guidance to regions that wish to capitalize on the WH inscription of a local site.

First, this study estimates total visitor spending and determines the resultant total economic output in the areas surrounding Nova Scotia’s three WH sites using input-output (IO) models. The effect of regional economic structure, and how tourists allocate spending across specific industries, is examined by applying hypothetical spending simulations to the
IO models. It is also noted that average per-person expenditure differs significantly across sites. To account for these differences, possible determinants of tourist spending levels are discussed. Proposed factors include the cost and vailability of local amenities, location of visitor origin, and the influence of the UNESCO designation on the decision to visit a site.

It is determined that across the three WH sites in Nova Scotia, differences in regional economic structure and allocation of
tourist spending accounts for very little variation in total economic output. However, as individual expenditure at each location differs greatly, it is proposed that higher total output from UNESCO site visitation corresponds with a large and
diverse offering of local goods and services

abstract: Economics


title: Physics beyond the standard model: search for the dark photon and dark fermion

contributor:
Marshall, Kyle (author)
Acadia University (degree_grantor)
(Barkanova, Svetlana) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract:
The standard model is the leading theory in particle physics which attempts to unify the four fundamental forces and explain the physical phenomena of the universe in which we live. However, the standard model is incomplete and requires additional particles to be included in order to explain phenomena such as dark matter and dark energy. Recent data
released from CERN show that the theoretical decay width of the Higgs Boson does not match up with experiment – this gives birth to new physics. By examining the decay branch of the Higgs boson into photons, and introducing a new particle through the decay branches, theoretical constraints can be placed on the physical properties of the dark photon. Polarization sums will be computed in order to approximate the amplitude by absolute value squared, and thus, calculate new decay widths for the Higgs boson. These constraints will allow exclusion plots to be created, highlighting the possible properties  with which the dark photon can exist. Furthermore, a dark fermion will be introduced into the Higgs-dark photon coupling loop. Constraints can be placed on this new dark fermion’s physical properties much in the same manner as the dark photon and plots displaying the allowed properties will be produced. The effects of introducing the dark
photon into the Higgs decay will be examined first. After which, specific values for the dark photons properties will be selected in order to examine the effects of the dark fermion on the decay width for defined properties of the dark photon.

abstract: Physics


title: A Naturalistic measurement of attention orienting and its relation to individual differences in attention-related problems in a normative sample of children

contributor:
Barss, Holly E. A. (author)
Acadia University (degree_grantor)
(Brodeur, Darlene) (Thesis advisor)
(Champod, Anne Sophie) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract:
The present study examined whether discrepancies in the literature on attention orienting in children with ADHD could be explained by examining the relationship between attention-related behaviours and attention orienting in a normative sample using an ecologically valid spatial cueing paradigm. A game-like test (Spatial Delivery software) of exogenous (i.e.,
automatic) and endogenous (i.e., more voluntary) orienting was completed by 31 children between the ages of 6 and 10
years. Children’s attention-related behaviour was assessed using the Conners’ Parent Rating Scale (Conners, 1997).  It was found that exogenous cueing was consistent across age groups. No effect for endogenous cueing was found, as cueing
effects were not significant in younger or older children. A greater number of cognitive problems and inattention were related to smaller endogenous cueing effects and larger exogenous cueing effects. The use of a more ecological valid paradigm suggested that endogenous orienting may be slower to develop in complex scenes than in the traditional cueing task. The present study clarified past literature by suggesting that children with attention problems have more deficits in endogenous than exogenous orienting when measured using more complex tasks.

abstract: Psychology


title: Protected waters: health crises, federalism and the Development of Environmental legislation

contributor:
Bell, Kaitlyn (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Cohen, Alice) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract:
This	work examines the relationship between environmental protection	 legislation and human health crises. Specifically, this	thesis will look at	instances of public drinking water contamination in recent Canadian history. This thesis will argue
that	although health and environment are legislatively distinct,	 health crises	 can	create political motivation	for environmental governance reform.	A legislative and document review was preformed to research	the	topic as well as the	two	case	 studies.	The	two	case	studies are Walkerton, Ontario	and	the	e coli outbreak in 2000, and North Battleford, Saskatchewan and the cryptosporidium outbreak in 2001.	 The	 purpose  of the research was to understand	 the	reasoning behind the reactionary methods of creating environmental protection legislation in response to human health crises.

abstract: Environmental & Sustainability Studies


title: Il-Bennej u il-Baħħar The mason and the mariner

contributor:
Parkes, Amy Elsie (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Campbell, Wanda) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract:
The forty poems contained in IL-BENNEJ U IL-BAĦĦAR: THE MASON AND THE MARINER build an experimental Maltese-Canadian presence in Canadian literature by recounting my family’s history on the Mediterranean island nation of Malta,
and their immigration experience to Canada in the 1960s. The collection is presented in four sections titled Kingdom, Quarry, Crumble, and Coast, each containing ten poems. The bilingual titles and content reflect the socio-political tensions that exist on the island today and in the past between the languages of Malti and English. The poems integrate ancestral anecdotes and religious myth, personal memory and language influenced by geological research to reflect the process of an archaeological dig.

abstract: English & Theatre Studies


title: Big Little Harbour

contributor:
Duchin, Danielle (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Campbell, Wanda) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract: Big Little Harbour is an English translation of Bouctouche, the real New Brunswick town, which is the novella's main setting. The central plot event is a fictional division between the French and English communities in Bouctouche, referred to unofficially in the novella as the "Separation." As the bilingual child of a French-speaking Papa and an English-speaking Mama, the ten-year old protagonist, Carole, acts as the intersection between these two divided linguistic communities. Mama and Papa demonstrate the current lack of communication between the two communities, and Carole's interaction with her English Grandma Gallant and her matantes Alphonsine and Albertine explores the historical rivalry between the French and the English. Humour in the vein of Antonine Maillet's La Sagouine and Stephen Leacock's Sunshine Sketches of a Small Town is used throughout the novella to forge connections between characters as Carole explores the flexible nature of Acadian identity.

abstract: English & Theatre Studies


title: Cordial labeling of some new and existing classes of graphs

contributor:
Lacaze-Masmonteil, Alice (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Clarke, Nancy) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract: A relaxation of harmonious and graceful labeling, cordial labeling was introduced by I.  Cahit  as  a  result  of  the  frustrating  lack  of  progress  made  on  the  Ringel-Kotzig conjecture.   Researchers  have  since  investigated  the  cordiality  of  a  wide  variety  of classes of graphs while also introducing several methods to identify cordial graphs. In this thesis, we provide an in-depth discussion on how the construction of certain graphs  can  be  used  to  investigate  their  cordiality. The  efficiency  of  this  method is  highlighted  through  the  investigation  of  the  cordiality  of  some  carefully  chosen existing  classes  of  graphs.   We  also  introduce  three  new  classes  of  graphs  whose cordiality  is  investigated.   Furthermore,  we  expand  the  results  presented  in  three papers regarding particular structures built from different unions of a set of complete graphs;  this is done by providing a near-complete investigation of the cordiality of these structures.

abstract: Mathematics & Statistics


title: A Stern look at domesticity and mental hHealth: How Edith M. Stern pioneered the public access to these ideas

contributor:
Awrey, Kira (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Dennis, Michael) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2016

abstract: This thesis focuses on the writings of Edith M. Stern and her analysis of Sexual Freedom, Domesticity, and Mental Health. This thesis focuses particularly on her books Men Are Clumsy Lovers, Mental Illness: A Guide for the Family, The Attendant’s Guide, The Mental Hospital: A guide for the citizen, and her article “Women are Household Slaves”. Stern’s importance in the realms of both Women’s Liberation and Mental Health has been left out of the historical narratives on the Women’s and Mental Health Movement. This thesis demonstrates that Stern was a popularizer of these ideas and brought them to the forefront of the public consciousness, addressing topics, especially within the mental health realm, that had rarely been presented to the public in an accesible mannor.

abstract: History & Classics


title: Spatial ecology in a northern disjunct population of southern flying squirrel, Glaucomys volans

contributor:
Lavers, Amanda J. (author)
(Herman, Tom) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2004

abstract: Distribution, movement, behaviour, and habitat selection of a disjunct population of  southern flying squirrel, Glaucomys volans, were investigated at three scales: population  range, home range, and activity point. The distribution of G. volans in Nova Scotia was  delineated by adding 32 new site records to seven historical ones. Site records were  obtained from live trapping and public assistance. Using radio telemetry, 53 winter nests  were located at five study areas. Tracking revealed that G. volans used on average five  nests separated by a mean distance of 300 m over two-month tracking periods.  Individuals nested solitarily and aggregated in mixed-sex groups of 2-10 individuals.  Glaucomys volans shared home ranges and winter nests with northern flying squirrels, G.  sabrinus. Vegetation at G. volans sites was analysed with GIS and ground-truthing.  Glaucomys volans in Nova Scotia select species-rich mixedwood forests with red oak and  eastern hemlock that have large, mature trees with cavities and standing dead wood.

abstract: Biology