title: Habitat selection in a mixed population of peromyscus maniculatus gracilis ( Le Conte) and P. leucopus noveboracensis (fischer)

abstract:
The deermouse, Peromyscus maniculatus gracilis, and the white-footed mouse, P. leucopus noveboracensis, cohabit tracts of woodland in parts of eastern Ontario. In view of the close ecological similarity of these two forms as suggested by the literature, this is an apparent exception to the principle of Gause.
In 1962 and 1963 a program of live-trapping on grids and traplines was conducted in an area of sympatry in Carleton County, Ontario, to investigate the habitat relationships of these forms.
The population of P. m. gracilis was at a relatively high level throughout the study. This form occurred in all wooded areas with the exception of a small deciduous woodlot. In addition, a breeding population of P. m. gracilis was located on a barren, overgrazed field on which scattered, low rock piles occurred.
The population of P. l. noveboracensis was at a low level and formed about 30 per cent of the total Peromyscus population of the area. This form was distributed more frequently along the peripheries than within the wooded areas cohabited by P. m. gracilis. P. l. noveboracensis also occurred alone in the one deciduous habitat available in the study area.
Rock cover was demonstrated to be an important factor in the selection of habitat by both P. m. gracilis and P. l. noveboracensis.
It was concluded that P. l. noveboracensis was selecting habitat on the cohabited areas despite the high population level of P. m. gracilis. It was further concluded that the characteristics of the habitat selected by P. l. noveboracensis were associated with conditions found at the edges of coniferous woods, and also found in deciduous woods and more open, shrubby areas. It was also concluded that P. m. gracilis preferred conditions associated with the damper coniferous areas.
Thus, it was postulated that the habitat condition selected by P. l. noveboracensis was a drier, warmer microclimate than that obtaining in the coniferous areas around and within which P. m. gracilis occurred. It was thus concluded that the apparent cohabitation of these two forms did not provide an exception to the principle of Gause.


The Cape Breton Development Corporation : "something extra" in regional development


Rough refuge : how Central Americans fared in Ottawa


The Sisyphus express


Development journalism in Guyana : 1968-1982


Don't dump on us : a rural town's battle to prevent a landfill garbage dump and a review of waste disposal alternatives


The politics of aids.


Animal rights and science : Canadian developments in action and debate


Pushing the limits : the fight for press freedom in South Africa


An order of innocence : a story of a town, a team and a time.


The uneven course : media and politics in Cameroon, 1960-1987


The Producer and the deal : creative and financial control of certified Canadian feature films and television programs


Caribbean farmworkers in Canada


Canada's foreign policy in southern Africa under Prime Minister Brian Mulroney 1984-1988


title: Dynamics tear tests on structural steels

abstract:
A Dynamic Tear (DT) test machine was designed and constructed. With the machine, a series of 50 DT tests was conducted with CSA G40.8-1971, grades A and B steels over a wide range of temperature to study their fracture behavior. From 5/8 in. DT test results, the Nil-Ductility Transition (NDT) temperatures of the steels were determined as -10°C and -30°C for the grades A and B steels, respectively. The critical stress intensity
factors, KIC, of the steels were inferred to be 415 and 260 Ksi √in. respectively from the 5/8 in. DT tests.
Temperature Transition Charpy V-Notch Impact (Cv) tests were conducted for the steels as ancillary tests, and Fracture Extension Resistance (R-curve) tests were conducted for the grade A steel. The Cv test results were compared with the DT test results.
From the DT test results, a Fracture Analysis Diagram (FAD) and a Ratio Analysis Diagram (RAD) were constructed and, subsequently, criteria for material selection and fracture-safe engineering design were inferred.


title: Implications of the travel time budget for urban transportation modelling in Canada

abstract: In recent years a new concept in urban transportation planning - the travel time budget, has been proposed. Essentially, the concept states that average daily travel time per tripmaker is approximately one hour. An additional corollary is that automobiles are utilized for approximately 0.8 hours per day, provided that the level of traffic congestion is reasonable. This theory has been validated in only 10 U.S. cities since it was proposed, and is still considered with skepticism by the transportation planning profession. By analyzing the travel data in Montreal, Ottawa, Toronto, and Calgary, this thesis verifies the travel time budget hypotehsis for Canadian urban centers. The thesis also discusses what implications this theory may have for the conventional transportation planning process, particularly techniques of trip generation and capacity restraint.


title: A study of the limitations on the collector efficiency of class-D voltage switching amplifiers

abstract:
This thesis examines the transistor switching phenomena which are instrumental in limiting the collector efficiency of tuned, switched-mode (Class-D) power amplifiers. The relative importance of transistor storage times, rise times, and saturation voltages are considered as a function of two possible amplifier drive waveforms; a square wave of oltage applied via a capacitor-resistor speed-up circuit (quasi-voltage) and a sinusoidal current drive.
Excess base charge equations are given and it is shown that the solutions of the equations adequately predict the base storage times. Further, it is shown that with a simple modification to the basic amplifier circuit, high efficiencies can be achieved even with large base storage times.
Collector storage effects are investigated and found to severely limit amplifier power output, particularly for amplifiers using non-epitaxial transistors and having a quasi-voltage drive.
It is found that the efficiency of the quasi-voltage driven amplifier is limited at the higher frequencies by collector storage effects and for the sinusoidally driven amplifier, by transistor rise times. However, efficiencies for both types of drive are shown to be comparable.


title: Charge distribution in Pb (208) and Pb (206) and isotope shift

abstract:
We have analysed the muonio x-rays in Pb (208) and determined the two parameters in the Fermi charge distribution. We find the contribution of the volume effect to the isotope shift in Pb (208)-Pb(206) disagrees with the
experiments. The ratio is
ΔEexp / ΔEvol = 0.55
for 2p1/2 - ls1/2 transition.
We disouss another effect which may cause isotope shift. We caloulate the distortion effect using the pairing force model and show that the effect is very small for the case of Pb(206).
Then we introduce a new parameter "s" in the Fermi charge distribution to give a modified charge distribution with a central depression in charge density. By fitting to the observed isotope shift, we find the value of s is 0.3 f-1
for Pb(206). We compare the transition energies and splittings with the measurements. The good agreement shows that the compressibility of the nucleus plays a role in determining the charge distribution in Pb (206). The magnitude of this effect on the effective radius is about 0.14%.


title: Mutations in the early-replicating region of the chromosome of Bacillus subtilis : mutations conferring erythromycin resistance

abstract: Six new mutations conferring erythromycin - resistance in Bacillus subtilis have been isolated and genetically analysed by means of DNA-mediated transformation. It has been possible to order tentatively these mutations relative to one another. One of these mutants had the unusual property of yielding transformants when exposed to DNA extracted from itself. The authenticity and reproducibility of this phenomenon was first confirmed and it was then further studied. Although the mechanism by which this occurs has yet to be explained, the following conclusions have been reached: (1) the observed phenomenon is not associated with all ery mutations but only the one with which it was first associated (2) "selfing" is determined by a mutation distinct from the one conferring erythromycin resistance (3) in a recombination - deficient mutant, "selfing" is depressed to the same extent as normal transformation and therefore probably requires recombination events for expression. The different genotypes emerging from such transformation have been analysed and their origin speculated upon. Throughout this thesis, a distinction is made between those conclusions that are definite and those that are tentative and uncertain.


title: Class, recruitment and elites within Bureaucracy : the case of the Department of External Affairs

abstract: This thesis is an analysis of the acquisition of power in bureaucracy with special emphasis on class and recruitment practices. Included is an analysis of elites and their role in state bureaucracies within capitalist societies. The thesis traces the historical development of the Department of External Affairs and its relationship to the Canadian state. It argues that the Department functions primarily for economic development and protection of the dominant class in Canadian society. This argument is substantiated by an analysis of the role of External Affairs over time and the social makeup of the personnel in both junior and senior positions within the Department. Finally, the thesis also looks at the role of bureaucracy and the state in contemporary capitalist societies


title: Dynamics of urbanization : the case of Bangladesh

abstract: A of the dynamics of urbanization in contemporary Bangladesh is carried out based on the secondary analysis of population census data, governmental reports and published studies. The phenomenon of urbanization is examined principally as a process of population concentration and of social transformation. Urbanization in Bangladesh represents the process of population redistribution in response to areal differences in economic opportunities. The 'push-pull' model provides an explanatory framework for the study of rural to urban migration -- a phenomenon which has been largely responsible for rapid urban growth there in recent times. The  increasing impoverishment of rural Bangladesh -- under the conditions of infrastructural disequilibrium during the colonial period, population explosion and the resultant pressure on the rural natural resources, agricultural stagnation, and recurrent natural hazards — all combined to produce the push situation. The urban settlements are generally growing without properly absorbing the newly urbanizing migrants. In other words, industrialization has been insignificantly responsible for urbanization of Bangladesh. Nonetheless, the large urban settlements -- with their new roles in the post-independent period -- have generated profound social transformation beyond their physical boundaries. It is in this context that the process of urbanization seems to have far reaching consequences for the country as a whole.


title: Social problem-solving : a metacognitive perspective

abstract:
Using a cross-sectional sample of ninety-six first, second, fourth, and sixth grade children the development of metacognitive skills was traced in the social problem-solving domain. Metacognition refers to an individual's awareness of his/her cognitive processes and an ability to regulate these processes. The theoretical and empirical framework of metacognition in the physical domain was used to develop two measures of social metacognition: The Social Metacognitive Interview and The Social Metacognitive Scale. Five sub-skills: Stop and Think; Problem Definition; Planning; Checking and Monitoring; and Sustaining Effort were used to organize both the Interview and the Scale. Three stages of metacognitive awareness were conceived theoretically to explore the developmental pattern of social metacognitive skills. The findings of the present lent empirical support to the theoretical model. The results indicated that children's awareness and regulation of their social cognitions were related to age. The results suggested that the various metacognitive sub-skills appeared at different stages of development. The development of social metacognitive skills was discussed in relation to the development of perspective-taking (social cognition) skills. It was shown that the development of perspective-taking skills  precedes the development of social metacognitive skills. Finally, there were no sex differences in the development of social metacognitive skills. The results suggested that a metacognitive framework formed a relevant basis
for exploring social problem-solving deficiencies and social maladjustment. Based on the present findings directions for future research were discussed in the final analysis.


title: An analysis method for the viscous/inviscid flow around two dimensional multi-element aerofoils including surface roughness effects

abstract:
A computer program is developed to implement a numerical solution of the incompressible, steady flow around two dimensional multi-element aerofoils having a rough or smooth surface.
The potential flow over the aerofoil is solved by replacing the aerofoil contour with a polygon of plane panels and using linear distributed vorticity on the panels to represent the aerofoil. Boundary layer effects are included in the calculation by utilizing linear distributions of sources on the panels to model the displacement effects due to the boundary layer. Boundary layer development is calculated using Thwaites' method for the laminar portion of the boundary layer and Head's entrainment method for the turbulent portion of the boundary layer. Empirical correlations are used to predict transition. A modified skin friction law accounts for the effects of roughness on the wall shear stress. The boundary layer development calculation must make use of static pressure distributions calculated by the potential flow analysis. An iterative solution procedure is thus required with the source distribution in the potential flow analysis being determined from the preceding pass through the boundary layer development calculation
routine.


title: Predicting weld hardness

abstract:
A comparative study of the methods of predicting the heat-affected-zone (HAZ) hardness is presented in this thesis. There are some five methods suggested by researchers for this purpose --- the Jominy-end-quench method proposed by Doan and Stout [1], a weld-test method suggested by these same authors [2], a mathematical model proposed by Bastien et al [3,4,5], and two similar mathematical models contributed by Arata et al [6].
A "Welding Hardness Diagram " is proposed for the Jominy and weld-test methods to simplify the task of predicting hardnesses. Computer programs have been generated for the mathematical models to eliminate the necessity of time consuming calculator computations.
Hardnesses predicted by all five methods are compared to measured values from the author's experiment, experimental values from the work of Graville [7] and experimental values from the work of Doan and Stout [1]. It is found that Vickers hardnesses measured with a 500 g load are on average 45 points (VPN) higher than those measured with a 10 kg load. The weld-itest method and the Arata α model provide the most accurate predictions where the load is 10 kg, while the Arata β and Bastien methods show less accuracy in predicting 10kg load hardness results. While the Jominy - end-quench method results (Vickers — 10kg) are seemingly acceptable, basic experimental difficulties and uncertainties suggest that this technique has limited applicability.
A discussion of the relative merits of the prediction methods is included. Because the predicted hardnesses based on the Bastien method differed considerably from the experimental results (Vickers --- 10 kg), a sensitivity  analysis was carried out to help rationalize the differences.


title: Observations on the early development of embryos of Fucus Vesiculosus L.

abstract:
Some events such as the early attachment of zygotes of Fucus vesiculosus L. to a substratum, their polarity establishment, the histological localization of extracellular polysaccharides (regarding their origin, transport and secretion) and the general histology of the developing zygotes have been studied by five methods. (1) Vital staining or staining the whole zygotes after brief fixation (2) Shake culturing (3) Histochemistry on 1 to 2 micrometers thick sections of fixed material embedded in plastics (4) Transmission electron microscopy (5) Scanning electron microscopy.
Results show that the zygotes immediately following fertilization secrete a polysaccharide believed to attach them to the substratum, so that by 4 hours after fertilization, the majority of zygotes are firmly attached. Young zygotes secrete a fibrillar cell wall (probably mainly alginic acid at this stage). At about 12 hours post-fertilization, another extracellular polysaccharide (fucoidan) is polarly secreted from the presumptive site of rhizoid formation and later, mainly from the rhizoid cell. At about this time, the walls are now shown to contain both alginic acid and fucoidan.
At about 12 hours post-fertilization, the zygotes cultured under stationary conditions, begin to bulge at one end so that by 16 hours after fertilization a polar zygote is formed. Corresponding to the time of polarity determination at about 10 to 13 hours after fertilization, histological and histochemical studies have revealed that an asymmetrical distribution of a material (presumably a sulphated polysaccharide) is present. This is the only sign of an intracellular morphological asymmetry which is indicative of the polarity expression of the 11 hour old zygotes. This asymmetrical accumulation of the material intracellularly at the presumptive site of rhizoid formation has been suggested to relate to the polar secretion of the fucoidan to theexternal medium from this site.
Significantly, when all the external gradients are eliminated for a sufficient length of time under shaking conditions, all the individually suspended zygotes become apolar. Furthermore, all of these apolar zygotes are unable to attach to a substratum and subsequently, most of these will develop into apolar multicellular embryos. These results have been discussed in relation to polarity establishment of the zygotes in conjunction with the secretion of the extracellular polysaccharides to the external medium and with their early attachment to the substratum.


title: Real-time measurement of television image activity

abstract: An apparatus capable of real-time processing of video signals has been implemented for the purpose of measuring image activity in television programs. The basis of the system is a digital preprocessor that yields data sets which describe the difference between selected fields of an input video signal. Subsequent computer reduction and analysis of the data provides measures of activity such as the frame difference signal and spatial correlation. The results of a series of experimental trials using typical broadcast television are presented, and suggest that image activity is separable into two categories: one caused by movement of the image within the frame, and the other by scene switches.


title: A museum with more than one stor(e)y : a critical examination of the Anne Frank House

abstract: This research paper was conceived to fill a void in the literature surrounding the Anne Frank House in Amsterdam. It seeks to counter the restrictive narrative offered by the museum's official publication, Anne Frank House: A Museum with a Story by examining what stories are (and are not) being told, from the history of the House itself through to the use of photographs and artefacts within the recently renovated space. Drawing extensively on the museum's official publications, as well as the author's onsite visits to the museum in 2007, it concludes that there are multiple stories and interpretations that can only be understood by analyzing the museum as a space in which narratives and objects are presented.


title: The fat Higgs model at the LHC

abstract: The Fat Higgs Model (FHM) is an extension of the Standard Model (SM) introduced to explain the physics at the electroweak scale. The Higgs sector of this contains two doublets, as in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), plus an additional gauge singlet. There are three CP-even, two CP-odd and two degenerate charged Higgs bosons in the theory. The distinct feature of this model is the fact that the trilinear coupling λ, which controls the masses, is allowed greater than unity due to the fact that the Higgs bosons are composites of a set fundamental fermions. The mass of the lightest CP-even Higgs boson can be raised to as high as 450 GeV without resorting to any loop induced mass corrections. In this thesis the SM-like Higgs boson of the FHM is identified and its couplings, branching fractions and total width are studied. The possibility of  distinguishing SM-like Higgs boson of the FHM from the Higgs boson of the SM at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is also examined for a benchmark set of the free parameters. It found, for the chosen set of free parameters, that the distinction can be made using: the total width measurement above a Higgs mass of 310 GeV at the 4-5 σ level, the rate of the qqH -> W+W- -> l±vjj process below a mass of 200 GeV at the 2 σ level and the WW decay width in the Higgs mass range 190 - 250 GeV at the 3 σ level.


title: ̀Loud inspir'd by liberty' : the development of William Blake's notions of law and freedom in prophecy and myth

abstract:
The following is an examination of Blake's ideas of Nature, Law, and Liberty, and how these ideas developed during the course of his writing life. I argue that as Blake's understanding of these ideas changed, so did the form and scope of his poetry. By abandoning the idea that the poetry forms a clear, consistent canon of material, and by removing such terms as 'mystic' and 'prophet' to describe the poet himself, I also argue that one can trace the major changes in his ideas of Nature, Law, and Liberty in the Illuminated Books.
The first chapter establishes Blake's basic definitions of Nature, Law and Liberty, and compares them with the Natural Philosophers, particularly Rousseau. The second chapter covers the years between 1790 and 1794, and discusses 'The French Revolution', 'A Song of Liberty', and America, as 'prophecies', Blake's term for political poetry. Chapter Three distinguishes prophecy from myth, and shows how Blake tried to consolidate his ideas into one epic poem, Vala. It also discusses The Book of Urizen, as a first draft of that myth. Chapter Four discusses Jerusalem as an attempt to rework the myth into a Christian context and also shows how Blake's ideas became governed by the form of the poetry. Finally, I include a brief discussion of 'The Everlasting Gospel', as an example of how Blake tried, after Jerusalem, to reestablish his old definitions of Law and Liberty to the figure of Jesus. This also serves as a recapitulation of the themes previously discussed.


title: An analysis of time-dependent behavior of a pin-ended reinforced concrete beam-column

abstract:
A method based upon the secant modular ratio and transformed sections is used to analyze the thrust-moment-curvature characteristics of reinforced concrete sections. A successive approximation method based upon the thrust-moment-curvature characteristics of such sections is used to investigate the behavior of long reinforced concrete beam-columns with pinned ends. A creep prediction law is formulated on the basis of standard creep experimental data. The time-dependent behavior of long reinforced concrete beam-columns subjected to sustained loading is analyzed using the concept of time dependent flexural stress-strain relationships. A procedure for
obtaining the reserve factor for creep design is also described.


title: Chinese women in transitions : western feminist perspectives.

abstract: By applying a synthetic theoretical framework from theories about women, gender relations in development, and in socialist societies, this thesis critically examines the status of women in China during the period from 1949 to early 1990s, covering aspects of macropolitical institutions and policies, gender relations in everyday life and ideology. I argue that in socialist China, the level of national economic development, the control of the government, the Chinese Communist Party and traditional Chinese gender culture are the most distinctive determinants in gender relations. In the Market socialist period, more factors have joined to contribute to make the gender issue more complex. I conclude that the transition from socialism to Market socialism does not indicate an instantaneously optimistic future for Chinese women but rather gradual opportunities


title: Cell parameters, optical properties and chemical composition in some natural sodic amphiboles

abstract:
The chemical composition, optical properties, cell parameters, and modes of occurrence of six amphiboles from Mont St. Hilaire were studied and identified as: richterite, Na1.68K0.33Ca1.14(Mg4.20Fe''0.28Al0.08Feiii0.06Ti0.02Mn0.01)Si8.06O22(OH,F)2, α1.606, β1.625, γ1.633, 2Vα 67°, γλc 19°, optical pl. // (010), b = β, D 2.948; kaersutite, Ca1.73Na0.90K0.15(Mg2.30Fe''1.49Al0.40Fe'''0.06Mn0.05)Ti0.63(Si5.91Al2.09)O22(OH,F)2, α1.679, β1.698, γ1.709, 2Vα 72°, γλc 17°, optical pl.. // (010), b = β, D 3.278; arfvedsonite, Na2.41K0.33Ca0.40(Fe''2.52Fe'''0.92Mg0.70Mn0.44Ti0.17Al0.10)(Si7.41Al0.59)O22(OH,F)2, α1.687, β1.698, γ1.701, 2Vα 52°, γλc 12°, optical pl. _ (010), b=γ, D 3.322; Na2.48K0.32Ca0.35(Fe''2.33Fe'''1.09Mg0.70Mn0.45Ti0.20Al0.05)(Si7.35Al0.65)O22(OH,F)2, α1-688, β1.700, γ1.704, 2Vα 60°, γλ c 13.5° optical pl. _ (010), b=γ, D 3.498; and riebeckitic arfvedsonite, Na2.47K0.48Ca0.19(Fe'''1.45Mg1.41Mn0.84Fe''0.56Al0.19Ti0.03)Si8.00O22(OH,F)2, α1.655, β1.673, γ1.677, 2Vα 62°, γλc17°, optical pl. // (010), b=β, D 3.224; Na2.50K0.47Ca0.15(Mg1.61Fe''1.42Fe'''0.73Mn0.52Al0.17Ti0.02)Si8.03O22(OH,F)2, α1.658' β1.673, γ1.678, 2Vα 61°, γλc 17°, optical pl. // (010), b=β, D 3.273.
The regression studies show that in natural sodic amphiboles both refractive indices and density vary directly with the variation of the ratio (Fe" + Fe'' +Mn+Ti)/total Y.
The length of the a-axis is most significantly affected by either the smallest or the largest cations in M sites. It varies inversely with the variation of the Alvi content in riebeckite (including glaucophane) and, is independent of the Alvi content in arfvedsonite (including eckermannite). It varies also inversely with the variation of Fe'' +Ti and F/(F+OH) in arfvedsonite, but varies directly with the same chemical parameters in riebeckite. This difference is, probably, due to the different substitutions in the two minerals. The length of the a-axis increases also with increasing Na+Ca+K content, and the rate of change is gradually reduced and is levelled off in the high Na+Ca+K range.
The B-angle is affected by all the elements in the M-site. It varies directly with the Ca+K content and, varies inversely with the Alvi+Ti+Fe content in both riebeckite and arfvedsonite.
The length of the b-axis is directly correlated to the Fe" content, and also affected by the Alvi content and the ratio, F/(F+OH), in the same manner as the a-axis. It varies also with the variation of the Na+Ca+K content; directly in riebeckite but inversely in arfvedsonite. This difference is interpreted as a result of the A site occupancy.
The length of the c-axis is affected by the Fe'' (or Mg) content, and the ratio, Aliv/total Al. Cell volume is most significantly affected by Alvi, the smallest, and Na+Ca+K, the largest cations.
Richterite, riebeckite and arfvedsonite are serially related in the substitution of 4Mg = Fe'" Fe"MnNa . Arfvedsonite usually has higher F content than riebeckite, and the sum of F and OH is generally greater than 2.0 in arfvedsonite, close to 2.0 in riebeckite, and less than 2.0 in richterite. The substitution of Fe'" = Alvi is very important in riebeckite and less so in other sodic amphiboles. The high correlation of Ca with Alvi +Ti+Fe''' implies that the substitutions, CaR" = (Na,K)R''', and CaR"Aliv = R''' Si may prevail in sodic amphiboles. Na+K content varies directly with the variation of F


title: Model studies for the total synthesis of camptothecin

abstract:
The work in this thesis consists of a study of some reactions related to approaches possible to the total synthesis of camptothecin (I), namely (a) modified Friedlander condensation and (b) decarboxylation studies for the ABC system plus (c) alkylation and (d) deketalization studies aimed at a CDE ring system.
A fold out sheet at the end of the thesis contains structures of the important compounds mentioned in this thesis.


title: Calculations of turbulent swirling flows in varied annuli using finite volume method

abstract:
A computer program has been developed to investigate turbulence models for computation of axi-symmetric turbulent swirling flows in annular ducts of varying wall radii. Specifically, the parabolized Navier-Stokes equations and the continuity equation, which govern steady, incompressible viscous flow have been cast in non-dimensional finite volume form suitable for solution by a streamwise marching algorithm.
The algorithm has been implemented in a FORTRAN computer source code and solutions for turbulent swirling flows in various annular duct geometries have been obtained. Fluid dynamic parameters such as velocity and static pressure distributions have been plotted and compared with other solutions and experimental data where available. The mixing length model of Galbraith, Sjolander and Head(1977) was employed to model the Reynolds stress terms in the momentum equations.
The finite-volume formulation, the solution algorithm, the computer program and computed results are described in this thesis. A review of related earlier work is also presented.


title: Tool support for the transition from Use Case Maps to Message Sequence Charts

abstract:
In current scenario-driven object-oriented modeling processes, a designer generally progresses from requirements to detailed scenario descriptions (typically defined using some type of interaction diagrams) and ultimately to state machines. Throughout this progression, it is critical to preserve fine-grained traceability links among all the adopted models in order to i) smooth the transition between models of different levels of abstraction; ii) maintain overall semantic consistency and iii) evaluate the coverage of requirements and, possibly, the change impact analysis.
Use Case Maps (UCMs) is a high-level scenario specification technique. Encouraging traceability between requirements and interaction diagrams is one of the advantages of the UCM notation. This thesis contributes to this goal by giving an overview of the implementation of a prototype that i) supports the automatic transition from UCMs to interaction diagrams, more specifically, to Message Sequence Charts 2000 (MSCs), ii) captures individual UCM responsibilities as grammars of  messages and iii) allows the visualization of such grammars through MSC inline expressions.


title: Inter-route optimization procedures for the dial-a-ride problem in Paratransit.

abstract: The Dial-A-Ride Problem with Time Windows (DAEIPTW) is concerned about the satisfaction of a set of customer requests serviced by a fleet of vehicles starting at and returning to a central depot. Each request has a pickup and a dropoff stop. Time windows, precedence and vehicle capacity constraints must be satisfied. The DARPTW in paratransit is a special case of the DARPTW where the load of transportation is seniors and/or handicapped people and related paratransit constraints must be also satisfied. Since the DARPTW is NP-hard, heuristic solutions are mainly considered for the problem. In the thesis, the heuristic solutions for the DARPTW in paratransit include route construction and post-optimization. Insertion heuristics is used to construct initial routes. The post-optimization includes intra-route and inter-route optimization. The intra-route optimization is performed with an Or-interchange algorithm. For the inter-route optimization, four selection horizon heuristic algorithms are proposed and developed. A comparison of the Or-opt intra-route heuristic algorithm with the four inter-route heuristic algorithms and a comparison among the four interroute optimization methods are presented from 8 test problems. The results show that the inter-route post-optimization is a useful tool for improvement of the quality of the initial routes.


title: Application of dither injection to quantization

abstract:
The non-linearity in amplitude quantization can be smoothed by adding dither, or external noise-type signal to the input of a linear quantizer followed by an estimation filter. Although the optimum type of dither for a linear quantizer, or quantizer with uniform steps, is known to be one whose probability characteristic function must be band-limited in the "quantization frequency" domain, it is shown in this thesis that such a dither is physically unrealizable. In continuous or sampled-data systems with random inputs, one is often more interested in obtaining output averages and correlation estimates rather than finding the probability density of the input. In such cases the uniform density dither turns out to be optimum but not necessarily unique.
Dithers with three types of probability densities, namely, uniformly distributed (triangular waveforms included), Gaussian and that of a sinusoidal waveform are examined and compared. The constraints and performances of these dithers are further investigated using a PDP-8 small computer and its peripheral equipment at Carleton. A 3-bit quantizer system with dithering is shown to yield performance comparable to that of a 7-bit quantizer.


title: Political change and mass media development : a case study of the Trinidad Guardian, the Daily Gleaner, and the East African Standard

abstract:
Is there a pari passu relationship between political change and changes in the structure of mass communications? Mass media theory would have us believe that this is the case. This study of a major mass medium in three countries experiencing political  changes indicates that the theory does not have universal applicability. The case studies indicate also, that communication theory on development is far too simplistic and that factors as history, geography, the economy and types of political regimes are necessary to a fuller understanding of a nation's mass communications system. The study suggests, also, the need for more rigid definitions of terms before a relationship between "political change" and "changes in the structure of mass communications" can be identified.
The relationship between political change and changes in the structure of mass communications is, therefore, not known.


title: Interactive effects of nutrition and cannabinoids upon the developing rat fetus

abstract:
The purpose of this experiment was to examine the effects of cannabinoids, malnutrition and their possible interaction upon the developing rat fetus. Female Wistar rats were exposed to Cannabis smoke, placebo smoke, or no-smoke while concurrently consuming one of three experimental diets differing in protein concentration (8%, 24%, 64%). Thus, 9 treatment combinations were generated from the experimental design. Treatment was administered 20 days prior to, and throughout gestation.
Maternal variables examined included pre-mating weight gain, gestational weight gain, length of gestation, number of offspring born, stillbirth and post-natal pup death rates. Offspring were examined in terms of weight gain, reflexive ontogeny and physical feature development, general locomotor activity, biochemical assays, open field and water maze performance. Incidental observations were performed on aspects of the mother-infant interaction. A concurrent study was added to further examine the effects  on rat offspring of the gestational administration only of cannabinoids coupled with a normal (24% protein) diet.
The results indicate that not only do diet and drug contribute separately to altering selected components of the offspring's post-natal development, but in addition, a synergistic interaction between the low protein diet and cannabinoids was found. Furthermore, the low protein diet was successful in unmasking cannabinoid-related effects which were not observed with the other diets. The high protein diet resulted in reversing some of the Cannabis-related effects such as late maturing physical features and reflexes. Evidence for physiological tolerance in mothers receiving the drug prior to and throughout gestation was observed. In the offspring of these mothers some of the cannabinoid-related effects were attenuated relative to offspring of mothers receiving the drug during gestation only.
It was concluded that in studies examining the prenatal effects of drug administration, consideration must be given to the nutritional status of the mothers.


title: Management information systems : two case studies and a conceptual appartus

abstract: The relative failure of Treasury Board's attempt to introduce performance measurement information systems into federal agencies and departments, despite the assistance of private sector consultants and respected academics raises questions about our understanding of management information systems in government organizations. This thesis investigates two case studies recording the experiences of two government departments in this area. The investigation makes use of an analytic apparatus developed from perspectives on information systems discussed in the first three chapters. The case studies are discussed from a closed system technical approach as well as from an organizational point of view. It was found that the open system social organization approach coupled with the separate discussion of technical issues provides a useful set of concepts in  understanding management information systems and their implementation in the federal government. The thesis suggests that the ultimate failure of Treasury Board's attempt to implement integrated management information systems is due to the incompatibility of departmental decision-making processes with the operating style implied by these new management tools and the failure of Treasury Board to deal with this conflict.


title: Social change and the media : images of women in selected humor content

abstract:
The primary focus of this paper is on the process of media content selection and its relationship to changing social conditions.
In recent years much of the communication research has focussedon the manipulative power of the-media, with particular emphasis on the nature of the agenda-setting and image management function of the newspaper industry. The creator-oriented model of media content determination suggests that it is those who own and control the media who decide what information will ultimately reach the public. Thus, it is the interests of those who constitute this controlling elite which come to be expressed as media content.
The literature does, however, also provide support for a model of content determination which accords much of this power to an active, selective audience and recognizes a media management operating within the constraints of a market-dependent industry.
An attempt will be made here to discuss some of those forces which govern content selection and their implications with respect to media portrayal of large-scale social change. The rising womens' movement of the 1960's provides the vehicle for this analysis of media content determination, with an examination of changing womens' images in the humor content of selected magazines and newspapers as the principal focus of the study. While not dealing with the explicitly humorous dimension of comics and cartoons per se, it was felt that an analysis of situational and background variables provided a useful and perhaps overlooked barometer of the roles women assume in media portrayals.
The literature predicts that institutional and occupational forces will serve to incline the media towards entrenchment of the status quo and resistance to significant social changes. In addition, commercial dictates which demand wide-scale societal acceptance of social change prior to media adoption also work to foster resistance to change. Thus, it is predicted that the roles and images of women in both media examined will be predominantly stereotyped and further that both media will be slow to adapt to changing womens' images.
It is argued also however, that media adaptability to social change may vary according to specific type. A focal point of the study involves the discussion and assessment of changing womens' images as a function of the nature of the competitive environment characterizing each medium.


title: An integrated experimental-numerical frost heave prediction model

abstract:
Structural and geotechnical designs of some civil engineering structures require a prediction of potential frost heave. The present study is a novel approach which combines the experimental technique and numerical modelling to predict frost heave more accurately.
The experimental laboratory technique was designed to split the cooling of the soil sample into temperature gradient and the frost penetration rate. It has been shown that the frost heave is largely dependent on the temperature gradient and the frost penetration rate. All the experimental results from a series of testswere integrated in a database.
A one-dimensional numerical simulation has been adopted to use this database for more realistic prediction of frost heave. The resulting experimental-numerical integrated frost heave prediction model was validated against examples of laboratory and field experiments. This new approach is shown to have great potential for use in engineering practice for road construction.


title: Methods for the evaluation of divergent series

abstract: This is an expository thesis, which reviews the recent work of Agnew, Vuckovic, Martic and Jakimovski on the Lototsky summability method and its generalisations. An introductory sketch of summability theory is provided, and it is noted that a more general form of the Lototsky method was already introduced by Karamata In 1935. In reviewing the recent work some minor errors are corrected, and details of proofs, or in some cases entire proofs, are supplied. In particular, the theorem stated by Martic, that the Karamata method includes the Euler, is proved in detail. Part of the work is clarified by the use of finite difference theory (Stirling's numbers), and some other simplifications are made.


title: Studies on the analytical chemistry of chromium in aqueous solutions

abstract: Quantitative differentiation of the various oxidation states of chromium by coprecipitation and preconcentration of trivalent chromium in aqueous solutions using iron(III) hydroxide as the coprecipitating agent has been studied. Recoveries of trivalent chromium are less than 100% because of formation of complexes of trivalent chromium with organic ligands in model solutions. To overcome this problem, the standard addition method has been used. The total chromium concentration in the model solution can be directly determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry since the technique has the same sensitivity for both oxidation states of chromium. Because of low concentrations of chromium in the aquatic environment, direct determination of the total chromium concentration in natural waters by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry would require higher sensitivity than the technique is now capable of providing. To improve the sensitivity and selectivity of graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, studies have been made on the fundamental aspects of atomization of chromium in electrothermal atomizers, the effect of heating rates on the sensitivity, the effect of atomization surface on the atomization, and the mechanism of atomization. These studies have provided an insight into atomization mechanisms for chromium and an understanding of the factors responsible for sensitivity and selectivity in analysis. Furthermore, interconvertibleity of the two oxidation states of chromium in the presence of humic substances in aqueous solutions has been studied. The results indicate that when humic acid or fulvic acid is present, the amount of Cr(VI) reduced to Cr(III) is both time- and pH-dependent.


title: Maximization of performance of hysteresis machine

abstract: An idealized model for the circumferential hysteresis machine has been derived and this model is shown quantitatively to predict the machine performance at synchronous mode. The effect of the permeabilities and coercive force of the rotor magnetic materials on the machine performance has been studied and their exact evaluation have been made such that the predicted results agree with those obtained experimentally. The consequences of the theory to optimize the performance of hysteresis machines are also discussed.


title: A speech detector for mobile radio

abstract:
Mobile radio bandwidth can be efficiently utilized by not transmitting a talker's voice signal during pauses, which on the average accounts for 60% of a party's time in a conversation. A speech detector (SD) is needed to identify the speech-plus-noise and noise-only intervals within the talker's audio signal. In this way, both voice and data users can share the radio frequencies on demand.
The SD should be simple, as each voice terminal must possess one. Deployed in a background of highly variable acoustic noise, the SD should be adaptive and robust. Also, the detector should produce acceptable speech
quality and yet realize a bandwidth-compression gain close to the reciprocal of the intrinsic speech activity. Lastly, the detector's talkspurt/pause statistics should be such that the speech transmission is tolerant to variable delay induced by a dynamic-resource-sharing network.
This thesis describes the design and development of a SD to meet the above requirements. Two signal features are used to make the binary decision: magnitude-energy and zero crossings. The SD also uses a "hangover" to admit weak utterances as speech and to produce continuous speech flow. The novel part of the SD is to use a signal-variability measure to adapt the parameters of the discrimination devices to the background noise characteristics.
The SD has been implemented and developed on the 2920 single-chip digital signal processor. From observations, subjective evaluation, and objective measurements, the SD is shown to meet the said requirements.


title: Grid reinforced unpaved roads

abstract:
A large portion of the road network in Canada is unpaved. It is desirable to minimize construction cost and maintenance cost of these road systems. One way to minimize the maintenance cost of these roads is to reduce their rate of deterioration, therefore extending their period of acceptable service. This can be achieved by reinforcement of the road base or subbase. A high strength polyethylene grid (geogrid) has been selected as the reinforcing material in this research.
A comprehensive testing program was designed with its main objective to investigate the effectiveness of using grid reinforcement in unpaved road systems. The different variables in the major experimental program included : base thickness, absence or presence of reinforcement and grid location. Instrumentation was installed to measure dynamic and static strains induced in the reinforcement grid, static rebound, permanent deformation, deflection conditions at the base-subgrade interface and at the base surface.
The analysis of the experimental results has proven that the use of grid reinforcement is effective in reducing damage to unpaved roads. The experimental results also showed that the inclusion of grid reinforcement can enable an unpaved structure to carry fifty percent more load applications than without reinforcement. It was found that the best location of the geogrid is at the bottom of the base layer. Inclusion of the reinforcing grid helped to distribute the applied load over a wider area on the surface of the subgrade with reduced stress levels (25% stress reduction). Such findings have led to the important conclusion that grid reinforcement can be used to extend the service life of unpaved roads and to minimize their maintenance cost substantially.


title: The decisive years in Sino-Soviet relations, 1962-1963

abstract: This thesis is a study of Sino-Soviet relations during the crucial years when the two countries openly became enemies. The paper first gives the genesis of the differences between the two communist giants. It shows that there were a variety of factors, interacting through the years, that eventaully made the split public. It then proceeds to cover the events that occurred in 1962-1963. The analysis of these events shows that they were the stimuli in provoking the final breakdown of relations between the two countries. The paper finds that in the course of the two years, Sino-Soviet differences had been escalating. Each country reproached the other and encouraged its supporters to follow suit. As a result, the split was not simply a matter of Sino-Soviet concern, but affected all communist parties in the world. The paper concludes that the split was inevitable largely because the alliance itself was unnatural. What had happened during the two years, 1962 to 1963, exerted a push towards the open break. The paper also hypothesizes that in the near future there will not be any substantial changes in Sino-Soviet relations because there is little common ground from which the leaders can work toward a genuine reconciliation.


title: Patents and management/technical agreements in developing countries : the case of Tanzania

abstract: The major concern of this thesis is the transfer of technology to Tanzania through patents and management/technical agreements. A hidden but obvious assumption underlying this study is that the transfer of technology to developing countries in general and Tanzania in particular should result in minimizing if not terminating external dependence - technological or otherwise of the recipient countries. This thesis, therefore, focuses on those economic effects of such a transfer of technology that tend to perpetuate technological dependence rather than its demise. In line with the dependence perspective which is employed qualitatively in this thesis, the analysis starts with a discussion of the world system - the international patent system. In Chapter three the analysis shifts to a discussion on how Tanzania was incorporated in the world system and relations of dependence established as a result. Chapter four deals with the transfer of technology to Tanzania through patents and management agreements with multinational corporations. Here in four management agreements are presented and discussed. The conclusion drawn from this study is that technological dependence in Tanzania albeit in new forms, tend to be perpetuated rather than reduced by the very process of technological transfer intended to eradicate it.


title: A critique of the Canadian government's energy conservation policy 1973-1980.

abstract: The Canadian government has stated consistently that energy conservation Is the most effective way of dealing with the problem of dwindling non-renewable energy reserves. From the 1973 OPEC oil price Increase to 1980 a series of policy statements made by the federal government underscored this fact. However, while some efforts has been made in the area of energy conservation programs, they have not been on a scale in keeping with those projected as being necessary to meet the needs of the Canadian public. This paper seeks to examine and critique the Canadian experience.


title: Gamma-radiolysis of the system ferric hexafluoroacetylacetonate-toluene

abstract:
The disappearance of tris(2,4-pentanedione)Iron(Hl), (FAA), tris(l,l,l-trifluoro-2,4-pentanedione)Iron(III), (TFFAA), and tris(1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-2,4-pentanedione) Iron(lII), (HFFAA) induced by gamma rays in dry, air-free toluene solution has been studied; particular emphasis has been placed on the system HFFAA-toluene. HFFAA is reduced radiolytically with G(-chelate) = 1.00, the reduction process apparently involving electron transfer
to the chelate from some species other than free radicals.
TFFAA and FAA are also reduced under the same conditions but at increasingly slower rates; the inequality G(-FAA) < G(-TFFAA) < G(-HFFAA) is explained on the basis of an electron-withdrawing effect by the ligand trifluoromethyl groups.
It was found that G(H2) = 0.13 ±0.03 for toluene in the presence and absence of HFFAA. The G(CH4) = 0.008 is slightly increased in the presence of HFFAA. In HFFAA-toluene solutions, G(dibenzyl) = 0.307 ±0.026 and in
toluene alone, G(dibenzyl) = 0.102 ±0.019. An explanation is offered to account for this increase and for the nature of the species involved in reduction of HFFAA. Activation energies are obtained for processes responsible for the observed radiolysis products.


title: The Identity crisis and decomposition of solidarity Poland : 1989-90

abstract: From the start of 1989 until the end of 1990 Polish society experienced the radical transformation of a political system. Until then Solidarity had represented a strong force of opposition to the system. In the role of "opposition movement" Solidarity was, perhaps, the most instrumental force which caused the transformation to occur. However, because much of Solidarity's existence was given meaning through this particular role, when the object of oppositlon--the state--began to collapse, Solidarity experienced an identity crisis. Was there a role, and, if so, what was the role of Solidarity In the new Poland? As the new political system emerged.  Solidarity--that body which had existed for nine years as the force most challenging to the system--began to decompose. The decomposition of Solidarity was both necessary and inevitable in post-transformation Poland.


title: Phosphorylation of adenosine 5'-monophosphate by a dialyzed cell-free extract from escherichia Coli

abstract: A cell-free extract of Escherichia coli, even after exhaustive dialysis, was capable of phosphorylating 5'-AMP to ADP and ATP. When cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase was present in the extract, the conversion of cyclic AMP to ADP and ATP occurred. If 3H or 32P-labeled 5'-AMP or cyclic AMP was added to the extract, a significant portion of the radioactivity was incorporated into the 3'-terminus of tRNA species. The phosphorylating capacity was sedimentable after centrifuging at 100,000 g for 3 hours. The pellet contained phosphate polymers which are neither DNA, RNA or proteins, while the supernate contained little of this material. The addition of authentic inorganic polyphosphates to the supernate restored the original phosphorylating capacity of the extract. Thus, it is concluded that the phosphorylating property is partly due to inorganic polyphosphates. A method for assaying total inorganic polyphosphates has been developed.


title: Cytological studies of growing cells in the root

abstract:
Part A. Onion root tips were grown in water or cytokinin. Levels of RNA in the chromatin region of nuclei were analyzed using visible light microscopy with basic-dye staining, and ultraviolet microscopy of unstained material. No evidence was found for a significant increase in nuclear RNA in response to cytokinin treatment.
Part B. The apical ten millimetres (segments 1 to 10 from the apex) of pea-seedling roots were compared cytologically.
The apex contained smooth nuclei and large, granular nucleoli; chromatin was moderately condensed. Ribosomes were mainly unbound and there was little endoplasmic reticulum. During elongation (segments 3-7) nuclei enlarged and became lobed; nucleoli grew smaller and largely fibrillar. Chromatin in some nuclei of segments 5-9 was very condensed. Chromatin was most dispersed in segment 3; a correlation between this structure and DNA synthesis is suggested. During elongation, the amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), the density of ribosomes on membranes and polysome length increased, as did the electron-density of the background matrix. The number of unbound ribosomes decreased.
A decrease in the intensity of RNA synthesis was observed autoradiographically and is consistent with the ultrastructural changes described.
Part C. Mitochondrial crystals in pea-root epidermal cells were examined in the electron microscope. Crystals in sections were usually rectangular and were located in the mitochondrial matrix. Treatment of sections with pronase removed the crystals. In a negatively-stained mitochondrial fraction, crystals were observed in mitochondria and free; they were always rectangular, but varied in thickness.
Three repeating planes formed five types of crystalline lattices; distances between repeating planes were calculated from optical diffraction patterns. A model suggesting a possible disposition of subunits within the crystalline lattice is presented. The function of the crystals and their relationship to cell development are discussed also.


title: Modelling of welds and heat sources using finite element method

abstract:
The objective of this thesis is to develop and verify a non-linear transient finite element analysis capability for analyzing the thermal history of real welds. This has been achieved within a program called "IRONS".
After a concise review of the fundamental laws of heat transfer this report presents the theoretical formulation for a non-linear transient finite element analysis for heat flow using Galerkin's Weighted Residual Method. Non-linear temperature dependent material properties are accommodated using the method of successive approximations. Time integration is done with two point finite elements in the time domain.
A heat source model is developed with a Gaussian distribution of heat in space. This is the first model capable of analyzing strip electrode and electron beam welds. Previous models assumed circular or spherical symmetry. Equally important, the smoothness of heat distribution in this model significantly reduces the approximation error inherent in the finite element method.
Using this heat source model, the transient temperature distribution for a weld in a thick plate is obtained using IRONS finite element computer code developed at Carleton University. The temperature distribution is computed at a cross section perpendicular to the direction of the weld electrode movement. The results are compared to the experimental data for this weld as reported by Christensen et al [1] and Krutz et al [2]. By assuming suitable values of thermal conductivity in the molten zone and the characteristic dimensions of heat flux distribution, excellent agreement between computed and measured temperatures is achieved at all times.
The method is extended to predict the temperature distribution, area of the fusion zone and heat affected zone, and the length of the molten pool trailing behind the moving electrode for submerged arc welding a thin plate.
A combined convection and radiation heat transfer coefficient is calculated using the data given by V.A.Vinokurov [3].
The source model permits a through thickness temperature variation which exists for some time after the initiation of welding. At a later time the problem effectively becomes one-dimensional, with heat flowing only in the direction perpendicular to the weld centre line.


title: Leading edge vortex structure of revolving model wings

abstract: Dye flow visualization analysis of the leading edge vortex (LEV) in hawkmoth, locust forewing and locust hindwing models reveal a dual vortex system with a minor vortex travelling along the leading edge of the wing at a zero angle relative to the leading edge and a primary vortex traveling from wing base to wing tip at a non zero angle relative to the leading edge (θ). The overall trends for all planforms are as follows: As angle of attack (α) increases, detachment point (r/R) decreases and θ, ellipse size, distance between leading edge and vortex centre (x) and the height of the vortex centre above the wing surface (y) all increase. As Reynolds number increases, r/R and θ decrease. With a change in axial flow (offset condition), r/R decreases and the θ, ellipse size, x and y all increase.


title: An evaluation of the Canadian National Parks zoning system

abstract:
By the late 1950's, dramatic increases in attendance at the Canadian national parks threatened the preservation mandate of the National Parks Act, 1930, which decreed that the parks were to remain in unimpaired  condition. To restore the balance between recreational use and preservation, the National Parks Branch adopted land zoning and comprehensive planning to provide administrative and development control.
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the potential effectiveness of the National Parks Zoning System in ensuring the continued preservation of the environmental quality within the national parks. Examined within this paper are the procedures and methodology applied in the planning process to identify the natural resources within a park. Of critical concern was the need to evaluate the adequacy of the methodology applied to interpret the ecological inter-relationships of the various resource elements identified. Through this interpretation, the park planning process seeks to reveal the potential environmental constraints which influence the decision to apply a particular zoning classification. In turn, zoning determines the level of visitor and/or administrative facilities development permitted. Failure to identify the environmental constraints will result in an improper application
of zoning to the long-term detriment of the preservation objectives.


title: Lithofacies analysis of the Proterozoic Thelon Formation, Northwest Territories (including computer analysis of field data)

abstract:
On the basis of a petrographic study of regionally distributed rock samples, the Proterozoic Thelon Formation, Northwest Territories, is here subdivided into four lithofacies. Clay-mineral studies and computer-aided assessment of field-notes substantiate these subdivisions, three of which can be placed in a vertical stratigraphic succession.
Clay-mineral analysis, a study of quartz-grain types and review of the field data all indicate that quartz-rich sandstones of the Thelon Formation were derived mainly from kaolin-rich paleosols that were developed on granitoid and  metamorphic rocks of the Churchill Structural Province.
The petrologic and field data confirms a fining-upward trend, culminating with a marine transgression, as proposed by Donaldson (1967).
In addition to recrystallized kaolinite, authigenic feldspar and diagenetic muscovites occur within the three main units of the Thelon Formation. The fourth subdivision, a petrographically distinct zone of possibly different age and/or origin, is characterized by alumina-rich dioctahedral chlorite in the sandstone matrix.
Recognition of the subdivisions, and refinement of petrologic and clay-mineral data for the Thelon Formation, provide a basis for more detailed studies of other, possibly correlative, Proterozoic sandstone units in the Canadian Shield.
Computer-processable field notes used in the study of field data were derived by conversion of the original field notes to a computable form. The system proved to be highly efficient, testifying to the potential of using field-note systems that are computer oriented. A field-note form was developed for future studies in the Thelon Basin and comparable Proterozoic basins, and recommendations for the use and derivation of computable field-note forms are presented herein.


title: Petrology and alteration of the Bathurst Norsemines central area deposits, Northwest Territories

abstract:
The deposit is located 303 miles northeast of Yellowknife in rocks of the Archean Yellowknife Group, which consist of metavolcanics and metasediments. The metavolcanics are of the basaltic to rhyolitic association, including their related chemical and clastic sediments, and the metasediments are of the greywacke to argillite type. The rocks have been folded into a moderately southeast plunging synclinorium. They can be grouped, from oldest to youngest, into three conformable sequences; a southern sequence of calcareous basalt-andesite flows and pyroclastics which occur on the south limb of the fold, and a northern sequence of rhyolite pyroclastics and a central sequence of greywacke-argillite which occur on the north limb of the fold. Granites and granodiorites surround the metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks and dykes of granite, pegmatite and quartz-eye porphyry rhyolite are common.
Three massive sulphide deposits occur at the top of the thickest development of rhyolite pyroclastics of the northern sequence. These deposits are located in the Central Area, Boot Lake Zone and East Cleaver Lake Zone and are hosted by the same stratigraphic package which is locally referred to as the "mineral horizon".
The area described is the Central Area. It is situated along the north limb of the synclinorium. This area is underlain by andesite, dacite and rhyolite and their related chemical and clastic sediments, and greywacke and argillite. The Central Area contains three mineral zones designated the A, Jo and Jo South Zones. The A and Jo Zones consist of conformable massive sulphides (pyrite, sphalerite, galena, chalcopyrite) underlain by discordant, mineralized (chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, pyrite, magnetite) alteration pipes. The intimate, stratabound, spatial relationship of the massive pyrite lenses with the volcanic rocks, and more particularly with the "quiescent" marker rock types, indicates that massive sulphide formation was an integral part of, and related to, the volcanism. The Jo South Zone, which is stratigraphically lower than the A and Jo Zones, contains only veined and disseminated sulphides (pyrite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, galena).
Three distinct types of alteration occur intimately associated with the mineral zones and have been designated Subgroups A, B, and C. The rocks within these alteration zones have been extensively leached, silicified, metasomatized and replaced by sulphides, and locally, oxides. The Subgroup A zones surround and enclose the Subgroup B and C zones. Subgroups B and C are equivalent to the quartz-sericite and anthophyllite-cordierite zones commonly observed in other Archean deposits; Subgroup A may represent a weakly developed equivalent to the zones of chloritization noted in many Archean deposits.
The mineralogy and textures observed in the various altered and unaltered rock is the result of transformation of the original constituents in the rocks by later isochemical cordierite-amphibolite facies metamorphism.


The effects of small rostral midbrain reticular formation lesions on kindled amygdaloid convulsions in rats


title: A preconcentration-spectographic method for the determination of trace elements in plant materials and the application of the biogeochemical method at the Silver Mine lead deposit Cape Breton, Nova Scotia

abstract:
A combined chemical preconcentration-spectrographic a-c spark method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of the total content of selected trace elements in vegetation. Procedures for adapting it to the determination of the composition of large numbers of plant and soil samples were established.
Samples collected along one line during biogeochemical and pedogeochemical investigations over a glaciated lead-silver sulphide deposit at Silver Mine, Cape Breton Island, were used to test the method. The mineralized zone, outlined by diamond drilling, is covered by approximately 50 feet of glacial till. The Ag, Be, Co, Cr, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn contents of mineral soil (B1), organic soil (A1) (humus), lower bark, upper bark, twigs and needles of balsam fir and black spruce, were determined.
Lead anomalies were found in all materials, which accurately outlined the zone of mineralization. Superjacent and lateral hydromorphic anomalies were shown by zinc, silver, chromium and nickel in some or all of the various soil and plant units. Beryllium, cobalt and molybdenum superjacent anomalies were present in the soil, but the distribution patterns of these elements in the vegetation were erratic and could not be properly interpreted.


title: Lifetime measurements in the picoseconds range by delayed coincidence method

abstract: A new method has been used to measure nuclear lifetimes in the picoseconds range by direct electronic timing. This was made possible by using a centroid shift measurement without the problem of electronic drifting, and an efficient and accurate way of measuring walk effects. The coincidence events were between a beta particle and a gamma ray. The half-lives of the first excited state of Fe56, the first excited state of Hg198, and the third excited state of Fe56, were found to be 5.7±2 ps., 21.313 ps., and 30±3ps. respectively. The first two measurements agree with previous values reported in the literature and the third has not been measured before.


title: Evolution of syngamy

abstract: Sex is normally thought to function as a mechanism that injects heritable genetic variation into populations. But genetic mixing does not occur with self-fertilizers, and self-fertilizers have probably persisted since early eukaryotic evolution. I discuss the purpose of sex without genetic mixing and proffer that sex is a conservative mechanism that decreases heritable genetic variation. Syngamy (nuclear/pronuclear fusion/association + "mixing" of chromosomes) is a lesser-understood and lesser-studied aspect of sex. I propose that syngamy is a type of cell division that evolved from meiosis. In most metazoans, diploidy is restored via a cell division rather than through fusion event. I propose that meiosis and syngamy are pleiotropically controlled, and that they hypothetically share at least two homologous features that neither share with mitosis: (1) the requirement for membrane fusion/association, and (2) some products of the division are ontogenetically discarded.


title: The comparative life histories of two Inuvialuk women from the Western Arctic

creator: Carpenter, Mary Elizabeth, (Mary Elizabeth Tungoyuq)

abstract: This thesis analyses the understandings of experience that illustrate inherent meaning, both personal and cultural, as expressed through the life stories of two Inuvialuit women from the Canadian Western Arctic. The object is to provide insight into the thinking patterns and beliefs encountered among post-residential school Inuvialuit and to explain how these experiences continue to affect their daily lives. The legitimacy of using the life history approach is well established. Analysis is difficult, however, because anthropologists distinguish and identify personal meaning and cultural meaning from a single observed behaviour that is always a blend of the individual and cultural. I have  attempted to appreciate and affirm the intellect while also valuing and enhancing those other parts of being which Western culture traditionally ignores - concepts, feelings, experiences, intuition, and awareness. I have drawn upon my own experiences as an Inuvialuk woman who has passed through the same residential school system.


title: Newton : A general purpose language with particular application to data management

abstract: A novel way of organizing a data management system (DMS) is introduced. This approach eliminates the need to enhance 'host languages' with data manipulation language (DML) statements. Instead the problem of interfacing a DMS with application programs is solved using a module creation language (MCL) which enables the user to create modules which act as an interface between the two. A language (NEWTON) having the features required for this purpose is presented. The language incorporates a number of original ideas and, in addition to being suited for use as the MCL of a DMS organized in the proposed manner, it is also appealing as a general purpose language.


title: Techniques of gyrator realization

abstract: This thesis examines the techniques by which the gyrator may be realized with transistors, resistors and capacitors. The gyrator has a particularly important application as a means by which inductance may be simulated in integrated circuits. Therefore, considerable emphasis is given to this particular application. Existing realization techniques are examined and the limitations of each method are discussed and compared. Then, a procedure is developed by which new, ideal gyrator networks may be derived. Several possible transistorized realizations are suggested and, in the third and fourth chapters, the analysis and design of practical circuits are considered. The basic practical problem, which is common to all gyrator realizations, is that of circuit instability. It is shown that stable realizations of the proposed ideal networks depend on the non-ideal performance of the transistors. The analysis of the proposed circuits is performed with a digital computer. In this way, it is possible to identify the transistor parameters that cause significant non-ideal performance. Then, simple equivalent circuits are suggested that enable  stability criteria to be derived. Practical gyrator circuits are designed and comparisons are made between the measured, designed, computed and ideal performances. These circuits are used to simulate inductance and it is shown that they may be used in 'inductorless' resonant circuits. The potential applications of these circuits, in integrated circuit form, partially explain the importance of this topic.


title: A study of the properties of wire grating paraboloid reflector antennas

abstract: This thesis examines the reflective properties of paraboloid grating reflector antennas. Methods for predicting the antenna radiation characteristics including the Method of Moments (MOM), and array analysis techniques are used. Results of these techniques are then compared with experimentally measured data. The Numerical Electromagnetic Code (NEC) program used in the MOM method is a computer intensive technique, while the array analysis method offers a more analytical approach, valid for the principal plane radiation pattern. The conclusion reached is that the array method offers accurate results with minimum computation required, and is therefore the preferred method in radiation pattern prediction. An empirical graph of reflector efficiency versus the grating interelement gap for the calculation of the reflector gain is presented. Listings of the computer programs developed in the analysis (excluding NEC) are appended.


title: Phase transitions and a flux tube model of deconfinement

abstract: This paper deals with the possibility of a phase transition in QCD. Our goal is to identify the nature of a deconfinement transition described by a simple flux tube model. The majority of the paper deals with material needed in preparation for this analysis. We find that the model does not describe a phase transition.


title: Chemical control of the mixed function oxidase system and its implications in determining biological hazard

abstract: Risk assessment is the process of determining chemical tolerance limits in the environment and can be defined as Z Hazards x L Exposures. Hazard can be factored into two responses to a chemical: cellular damage by the chemical and repair/protection by the host. The Mixed Function Oxidase system is very responsive to xenobiotics and may reflect hazard. A recent electrophilic SE2 mechanism suggested that this was the result of a relationship between the oxidation potential of the induced MFO active site and the C-H bond strength of xenobiotic. This study tested and supported this model of enthalpic biochemical control, demonstrating that an induced active site has the potential to metabolize any C-H bond that is weaker than the C-H bond strength of its inducer. Chlorinated chemicals exhibited a stronger oxidation potential than predicted, presenting a risk of uncontrolled oxidations that may initiate chemical disease.


title: Software and hardware operating systems for multi-microprocessor systems

abstract: A multiple microprocessor operating system kernel is described which supports concurrent high level language constructs, including processes, semaphores and monitors. Extension to these constructs are also supported. A complete operating system using this kernel is currently under development at Carleton University, for a hardware configuration consisting of several single board microcomputer systems which are connected via a standard bus arbiter to a common system bus with common memory and a single test-and-set flag. The system is being developed for an intelligent terminal application but the techniques have wider applicability.


title: Morality and the school : a step in the right direction

abstract: For the past 12 years Ontario educators have been trying to separate moral and religious education. Arguing the public school system should be reflecting a multicultural society, educators contend they can no longer teach students that moral values spring from one religious base. Moreover, they believe trying to teach students actions are 'right' or 'wrong' simply because God deems it so doesn't work anymore. For these reasons Ontario public school curriculum guidelines now describe religious education as a "study about religions" and teaching students right from wrong is embodied in a 'self-discovery' program called moral and values education. Public reaction to the attempted separation of moral and religious education has been mixed. While some applaud the idea others are firmly opposed, arguing the two subjects are synonymous and should be taught that way. Further, the critics assert educators are playing dangerous mind games with students and, even worse, are teaching them to believe in the philosophy of narcissim. Today the debate over moral education has reached an important crossroad: Can all religious faiths be satisfied in one teaching approach? Or, as religion enjoys a rebirth in the eighties, are we heading back to a school system splintered by religious doctrine?


Voltage and power considerations in D.M.O.S. transistors


title: Design and evaluation of a hybrid correlator

abstract: The first part of this thesis is a general review of signal processing. Correlation theory is discussed with special reference to quantized signals and a number of techniques for correlation function measurements are described and evaluated. The second part of the thesis deals with the design considerations and practical aspects of building an inexpensive hybrid correlator. One was breadboarded and tested by measuring the autocorrelation functions of 3one signals. A practical design is presented and suggestions for improvements are made. It is concluded that this hybrid technique is a powerful method for online determination of correlation functions.


title: Sulfhydryl proteases in the latex of Asclepias Syriaca

abstract: Proteolytic activity present in the latex of Asclepias syriaca L. has been isolated and purified. High speed centrifugation was used to separate the gums and resins of fresh latex from an aqueous serum layer. The serum layer (pH 5.2) contains 3.7% (w/v) protein and all the proteolytic activity present in fresh latex. This serum layer was freeze-dried to yield a dry soluble powder retaining full enzymatic activity. The activity was isolated and separated into 2 fractions, termed A and B (representing 32% of the soluble protein), on an organomercurial-agarose affinity column. A and B were further resolved into 10 active fractions, termed Al to A5 and Bl to B5, using CM-sepharose CL-6B ion-exchange chromatography. These multiple enzymes did not arise in the purification procedure and appear to exist in vivo. Two of these fractions, A3 and B5, have been purified to homogeneity using re-chrornatography on CM-sepharose CL-6B, Homogeneity was confirmed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (±SDS), ion-exchange chromatography and gel-filtration chromatography. The yield of A3 and B5 was 8 mg and 9 mg respectively from 1 g of crude powder (~1Q ml of fresh latex). Both enzymes were active towards ester, amide and protein substrates and showed autodigestive activity under strongly reducing conditions They were activated by sulfhydryl-containing reducing agents and strongly inhibited by the sulfhydryl reagents iodoacetic acid, p-chloromercurihenzoate and sodium tetrathionate. The optimum pH for the digestion of casein was 7,5 to 8.5 for A3 and 7.Q to 7.5 for B5. Both A3 and B5 behaved as single polypeptides in SDS gel electrophoresis, each giving a molecular weight of 23,000. In sephadex G-1QQ gel-fi1tration chromatography, both enzymes eluted as single proteins, A3 showing a molecular weight of 24,000 and B5 a molecular weight of 19,000. Both these enzymes were concluded to be sulfhydryl proteases. Several possible explanations for the multiple nature of these proteases, their functions and the role(s) of latex in Asalepias syriaca L. are suggested. Future research possibilities are discussed.


title: The functional significance of communual roosting by the big brown bat, Eptesicus fuscus

abstract: I used radio-tracking and roost closures to test five hypotheses which explain communal roosting behaviour by the Big Brown Bat, Eptesicus fuscus. These include, a limit to the number of available sites, access to preferred sites where reproductive success is enhanced, avoidance of ambush predators, the two-strategies hypothesis, and reducing commuting distances to foraging areas. Site tenacity, short movement distances and a tendency towards decreased young production with eviction were consistent with the access to preferred sites hypothesis. Although departures were significantly clumped in time, there was no threshold colony size which suggests that ambush predation is only a secondary reason for communal roosting. I tenatively rejected the two strategies hypothesis on the basis of no evidence for following behaviour, a dominance hierarchy or constant cluster composition. Foraging parameters although consistent with minimizing commuting costs, were also consistent with an opportunistic strategy which does not explain communal roosting.


title: Analysis of Azo and Nitro polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in crude oils and fluorescence detection development for the TRACC* water concentrator

abstract: Six crude oils were analyzed for nine nitrogen containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by column separation and MSD, Mass Selective Dectector. Carbazole was found in four oils at levels of 100's of yug/g and not at all in two other oils. The crude oils were deasphaltized and analyzed by the same method. The concentration of carbazole in all the oils increased by almost double. Methanol was used as a polar solvent to elute the polar compounds in oil. The carbazole standard eluted primarily in the 50% hexane/benzene fraction but in the oils, was present only in the methanol fraction. Hexane solutions of three oils were prepared in concentrations ranging from 10 ppm to 1000 ppm in order to develop a concentration-calibration curve for excitation and emission wavelengths of fluorescence. The fluorescence of carbazole was measured and occurs in the region of crude oil fluorescence. The TRACC material celite was evaluated for the retention and fluorescence of crude oils. The material absorbed the oil from the water solution and gave a fluorescence spectrum. The spectra intensity did not decrease with a decrease in oil concentration and the matrix for preparing the celite did not have an effect on the signal.


title: Application of digital filtering and adaptive control of a non-stationary process

abstract: The practical implementation of a control process to control the blood sugar level of a dog is discussed. The problem was to maintain the blood sugar level of a dog at the dog's fasting level inspite of a disturbance due to a constant infusion of insulin. The process control consists of two parts; an identification system used to estimate the process parameters, and an adaptive control strategy to control the process based on the estimated parameters. The identification system used was ordinary least squares, and the control strategy was proportional-integral derivative control. The effects of filtering on the above control strategy was also examined. Simulation results as well as results of on-line experiments are presented.


title: Evolution of electric power capacity in Canada : a geographical analysis

abstract: This thesis provides a detailed account of the spatial evolution of present electric power capacity in Canada. The patterns of diffusion of electric power stations through the twentieth century are identified. Early electric power capacity was mainly in hydro-electric stations. As available hydro-electric potential became more remote the importance of thermal-electric capacity located closer to centers of demand increased nationally, with interesting regional variations. This shift was accompanied by the concentration of capacity in stations of larger size and the growth of electric power systems to supplant the dispersed pattern of stations with localized service areas. Utilities, especially those publicly-operated, have accounted for an increasing share of growth. Fuel costs are identified as a major determinant of the level of thermal-electric development, as are the capital and transmission costs associated with the development of remote hydro-electric potential. The analysis results in the conclusion that the huge future growth will be mainly within very large stations showing a close orientation to major centers of demand as thermal-electric stations, especially nuclear, Increase in relative importance. An Atlas bound separately forms part of this thesis.


title: Treatment of the manager in the Federal Public Service

abstract: The Federal Government, as with any unionized organization, is faced with the requirement of identifying the members of its management team and establishing their salaries and terms and conditions of employment in a manner separate from the negotiations table. This study was undertaken to examine both the identification of the exclusions from collective bargaining coverage and to contrast the compensation treatment afforded the members of the management team with that achieved through the collective action of employees in the various bargaining units. Such treatment has been found to be less than adequate, leading to suggestions for management group action and proposals for positive corrective steps by the employer.


title: Investigation of a possible site of action for the molluscicide frescon

abstract: Interest in molluscicides has been generated by the prevalence of the widespread human disease, schistosomiasis. The molluscicide Frescon, developed by Shell Research Ltd., is highly specific against aquatic snails. It has been used with considerable success in several tropical countries where the snail is the intermediate host to the schistosome parasite. It has been reported that Frescon has a profound effect on the electrophysiological activity of the isolated SDail brain, raising the possibility that this organ may be a site of action of this molluscicide. The present experiments were undertaken to explore this possibility. The molluscicidal {in vivo) and the 'neurotoxic' {in vitn.o) activities of ten Frescon analogs were compared in order to determine if a relation exists between the lethal effects in vivo, and the disruption of the electrophysiological activity in vitn.o. Also, the brains of Frescon-poisoned snails were examined to see if a relation exists between symptoms of poisoning and abnormal central nervous activity. It was found that those Frescon analogs which were capable of disrupting the normal electrophysiological activity of the isolated brain were also molluscicidal. The single analog which was not molluscicidal also had no effect on the electrophysiology of the isolated brain. However, the brains removed from Frescon-poisoned snails exhibited normal electrophysiological activity upon examination. Therefore, it was concluded that the central nervous system is not a likely site of action of Frescon. The correlation of molluscicidal effectiveness of the Frescon analogs to their ability to disrupt the in vit/io central nervous activity suggests that excitable tissue other than nervous tissue may be a site of action. In view of this finding, and in consideration of other observations, it is possible that snail musculature is a target of Frescon.


title: The role of interleukin-6 and interferon-<gamma> in alterations of neuroplasticity associated with chronic stressor exposure

abstract: Evidence implicates chronic psychological stress as a precipitating factor in the development of a depressive disorder, as well as decreases in cellular plasticity within the brain. Concordantly, pro-inflammatory cytokines elicit changes in both neurochemistry and behavior reminiscent of psychological stressors, and thus may have a detrimental impact upon neuroplasticity. As previous findings have shown that cytokines and stressors may induce such changes through synergistic interactions, the present study consisted of a series of 3 experiments regarding the role of chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) in tandem with either intraperitoneal injection (1.0 :g) or gene knock-out of cytokines Interleukin-6 (IL-6) or Interferon-gamma (IFN-(). Results indicate that mice exposed to CUS in the absence of cytokine injection demonstrate increased neuron birth within the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus as measured by immunohistochemical doublecortin (DCX) staining, and that CUS in tandem with IFN-( gene knock-out has a similar effect. Results also indicate that CUS exposure produces increases of dentate brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression, which may contribute in part to observed alterations in dentate neurogenesis. Concordantly, treatment with IFN-y decreases immunological and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis activity, whereas treatment with IFN-y increases cdl lb+ staining, as well as IL-6 administered in the absence of CUS. Probable mechanisms underlying the present results are addressed in the discussion, along with suggestions for profitable future research. Finally, our results are discussed within the larger context of how altered hippocampal neurogenesis might serve as a causal factor in a depressive episode.


title: Economic efficiency of the collection distribution component of urban mass transit

abstract: Recent experiences with urban mass transit systems in North American cities indicate improved efficiency of operation through better co-ordination of mass transit system components. In particular, efficiencies have been improved through innovations in the collection-distribution of transit passengers with schemes such as dial-a-bus, park-and-ride and kiss-and-ride. This work develops an approach to study the economic efficiency of collection distribution systems in terms of the basic system variables such as land use, technological and travellers' characteristics as well as the system cost structure. In this investigation, various measures of system economic efficiency are determined, and recent observations from collection-distribution system operations in North America are incorporated. The sensitivity of system economic efficiency with respect to the system variables is also investigated. The approach developed in this research and resulting findings are applied to a case study area — the Nepean Township. This study results in an approach to study the collection-distribution system economic efficiency as well as initial findings on the subject. The approach developed allows for future refinements, as well as applications in the study of economic efficiencies of entire mass transit systems.


title: The hormonal activities associated with the cephali and caudal regions of the avian pars distalis

abstract: The regional distribution of trophic hormonal activities in the avian pars distalis was studied by transplanting the cephalic, middle and caudal regions of the pars distalis of day-old cockerel donors onto the chorioallantoic membrane of 10 day-old partially decapitated embryos. The bioassay was based on the following parameters: (1) Body growth as assessed by body weights and lengths of third toes and (2) growth and histological maturation of the endocrine target organs (thyroids, adrenals and gonads). The experimental design was comprised of: normal embryos, hypophysectomized embryos, hypophysectomized embryos with one cephalic region graft, hypophysectomized embryos with one middle region graft and hypophysectomized embryos with one caudal region graft. All embryos were examined at the end of the 20th day of incubation. Hypophysectomy severely retards growth, vascular shutdown and yolk sac retraction, feather development, skin opacity and the normal maturation of target endocrine organs. The cephalic, middle and caudal regions of the avian pars distalis contained a growth-sustaining factor iii (STH?) capable of normalizing lengths of third toes in hypophysectomized embryos. The yolk sacs of those embryos which received caudal region grafts were heavier than those of all other groups. TSH, ACTH and FSH were exclusively associated with the cephalic and middle regions of the pars distalis whereas LH originated from the caudal region of the gland. STH appeared to be distributed throughout the entire gland. The hypothalamus did not seem to play a significant endocrine role during this period of avian development. Each region was capable of autonomous hormonal activity. The cells of each region were normal after grafting and did not appear to differentiate into other functionally different cell types.


title: The effects of selective histone extraction on the structure of erythrocyte chromatin

abstract: The fine structure of chromatin appears to be at least partially determined by the close association between DNA and histone proteins (Ris, 1966b). Some evidence suggests that various histone components may play different roles In the gross configuration of chromatin within the cell nucleus (Littau et al., 1965). The present work consisted of a light and electron microscopic study of the structural organization of chromatin in isolated fowl erythrocyte nuclei, both before and after selective acid extraction of histone proteins. The effects of histone removal on the electron staining characteristics of various heavy metals were also examined. The chromatin of both in situ and isolated nuclei was localized in large condensed masses. An increase in condensation of chromatin was observed, when isolated nuclei were washed in 0.01 M citric acid (pH 2.6) prior to histone extraction. Suspension of nuclei in 0.1 M citric acid (pH 2.0), accompanied by the removal of histones predominantly rich in lysine and partial removal of histones rich in serine, resulted in complete gelation of all chromatin. Subsequent extraction of the remaining histones rich in lysine and serine, followed by removal of arginine-rich components, led to a progressive loosening of the chromatin. Ultimately, only a skeletonized remnant of the original o chromatin masses remained, which consisted of 20 to 30 A thick fibrils and scattered centres of electron-dense material. At this point, as during all stages of the histone extraction sequence, the gross distribution of large chromatin masses was retained. The results in general suggest that histone proteins contribute mainly to the longitudinal integrity of chromatin fibrils and that agents other than histones may be responsible for both the interlocking of DNA-strand terminals and the gross configuration of chromatin within the nucleus. Investigations with indium trichloride and uranyl acetate indicated that only the former stains nucleic acids selectively, while histone proteins contribute substantially to uranyl acetate staining.


Protest journalism in Jamaica : the case of Abeng


title: The politics of location in Canadian women's novels by Daphne Marlatt, Sky Lee and Joy Kogawa

abstract: My thesis is an examination of the politics of location in three novels by contemporary Canadian women writers: Daphne Marlatt's Ana Historic, Sky Lee's Disappearing Moon Cafe, and Joy Kogawa's Obasan. In this project I explore how gender, race, sexuality and citizenship help illuminate the role that location plays in Canadian women's writing. Emphasizing the significance of embodied contexts in these women's novels raises questions of how writing evokes political self-placing, rather than geographical or thematized visions of space. Each novel is positioned in light of past and contemporary issues arising within Canadian socio-political and cultural contexts. Through their engagement with history, the novelists encourage readers to examine present internalized acceptance of systemic discrimination. A feminist analysis of the importance of how these novels (re)vision women's relations to gender codes, self-chosen sexuality, and race relations, reveals the possibilities and limitations of diverse Canadian women's agency.


title: Analysis of the internal mail flow system of the Ottawa Post Office

abstract: ln this thesis, a model of the internal mail flow model system of the Ottawa Post Office is presented and it is shown how this model can be used, as an aid to planning and design. The model is analysed, using computer simulation techniques and analytic techniques based on queueing theory. As an example of how the model and analysis techniques can be used, the mail flow system of the Ottawa Post Office is analysed to determine the most cost effective method for implementing the assured mail program.