title: Investigative links between cognitive function and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in elementary physical education

subject:
Exercise
Physical education for children.

abstract:
Research has noted both physical and psychosocial benefits when children
participate in regular physical activity. Recent studies are indicating that there may also
be academic benefits and that students may be more efficient learners with participation
in physical activity. This study investigated the influence of acute moderate-to-vigorous
physical activity on four cognitive functions: planning, attention, simultaneous
processing, and successive processing. Three classes (59 students) were each tested twice
using a balanced design (intervention, balance, and control groups). It was found that the
intervention group had a large increase in planning abiHty (ES = 1.67) when compared to
the balance (ES = .80) and control (ES = -.89) groups. On the three remaining cognitive
functions, the intervention group showed effect sizes similar to that of the balance and
control groups. These results indicate that improved planning after physical activity may
playa role in improving student performance.


title: Intra-party federalism and the Progressive Conservative Parties of Alberta and Ontario, 1943 to 2008 /

subject: Progressive Conservative Party of Alberta.

subject: Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario.

subject: Federal government


title: The shifting terrain of feminist theory and activism : university-based women's centres and third wave feminism

contributor: Social Justice and Equity Studies Program

subject:
Third wave feminism
Women
Women
Feminist theory.

abstract:
This thesis, based on the results of an organizational ethnography of a university-based
feminist organization in Southern Ontario (the Centre), traces how third wave feminism
is being constituted in the goals, initiatives, mandate, organizational structure, and overall
culture of university-based feminist organizations. I argue that, from its inception, the
meanings and goals of the Centre have been contested through internal critique,
reflection, and discussion inspired by significant shifts in feminist theory that challenge
the fundamental principles of second wave feminism.
I identify a major shift in the development and direction of the Centre that occurs in two
distinct phases. The first phase of the shift occurs with the emergence of an antioppression
framework, which broadens the Centre's mandate beyond gender and sexism
to consider multiple axes of identity and oppression that affect women's lives. The
second phase of this shift is characterized by a focus on (trans) inclusion and accessibility
and has involved changing the Centre's name so that it is no longer identified as a
women's centre in order to reflect more accurately its focus on mUltiple axes of identity
and oppression.
Along with identifying two phases of a major shift in the direction of the Centre, I trace
two discourses about its development. The dominant discourse of the Centre's
development is one of progress and evolution. The dominant discourse characterizes the
Centre as a dynamic feminist organization that consistently strives to be more inclusive
and diverse. The reverse discourse undermines the dominant discourse by emphasizing
that, despite the Centre's official attempts to be inclusive and to build diversity, little has
actually changed, leaving women of colour marginalized in the Centre's dominant culture
of whiteness.
This research reveals that, while many of their strategies have unintended (negative)
consequences, members of the Centre are working to build an inclusive politics of
resistance that avoids the mistakes of earlier feminist movements and organizations.
These members, along with other activists, actively constitute third wave feminism in a
process that is challenging, contradictory, and often painful. A critical analysis of this
process and the strategies it involves provides an opportunity for activists to reflect on
their experiences and develop new strategies in an effort to further struggles for social
justice and equity.


title: Will the "fight" ever end? : a critical reading of the metaphors and discourses that construct HIV/AIDS in an African context

subject:
AIDS (Disease) in literature.
AIDS (Disease)
HIV infections
Literature and society
AIDS (Disease) and mass media

abstract:
In this thesis, I critically examine the discourses that inform how we conceptualise
HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa as they are produced in a sample of Canadian news articles,
two nonfiction texts - Stephanie Nolen's 28 Stories of AIDS in Africa and Jonathan Morgan and
the Bambanani Women's Group's Long Life ... Positive HIV Stories - as well as two literary texts -
John Le Carre's popular fiction novel The Constant Gardener and an anthology of stories and
poems from Southern Africa titled Nobody Ever Said AIDS, compiled and edited by Nobantu
Rasebotsa, Meg Samuelson and Kylie Thomas. Paying particular attention to the role of
metaphor in discursive formation, I have found that military metaphors, usually used in
conjunction with biomedical discourses, continue to dominate what is said about HIV/AIDS.
However, the use of military metaphors to conceptualise HIV/AIDS contributes to stigma and
limits the effectiveness of responses to the pandemic. I argue that accessing alternative
metaphors and discourses, such as biopsychosocial discourse, can lead to a more layered -
and more beneficial - conceptualisation of HIV/AIDS, encouraging a more active response to the
pandemic.


title: Information processing in sleep-onset insomnia : a test of the neurocognitive model /

subject: Insomnia Insomnia

abstract:
The present thesis study is a systematic investigation of information processing at
sleep onset, using auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) as a test of the neurocognitive
model of insomnia. Insomnia is an extremely prevalent disorder in society resulting in
problems with daytime functioning (e.g., memory, concentration, job performance, mood,
job and driving safety). Various models have been put forth in an effort to better
understand the etiology and pathophysiology of this disorder. One of the newer models,
the neurocognitive model of insomnia, suggests that chronic insomnia occurs through
conditioned central nervous system arousal. This arousal is reflected through increased
information processing which may interfere with sleep initiation or maintenance. The
present thesis employed event-related potentials as a direct method to test information
processing during the sleep-onset period.
Thirteen poor sleepers with sleep-onset insomnia and 1 2 good sleepers
participated in the present study. All poor sleepers met the diagnostic criteria for
psychophysiological insomnia and had a complaint of problems with sleep initiation. All
good sleepers reported no trouble sleeping and no excessive daytime sleepiness. Good
and poor sleepers spent two nights at the Brock University Sleep Research Laboratory.
The first night was used to screen for sleep disorders; the second night was used to
investigate information processing during the sleep-onset period. Both groups underwent
a repeated sleep-onsets task during which an auditory oddball paradigm was delivered.
Participants signalled detection of a higher pitch target tone with a button press as they
fell asleep. In addition, waking alert ERPs were recorded 1 hour before and after sleep on
both Nights 1 and 2.As predicted by the neurocognitive model of insomnia, increased CNS activity
was found in the poor sleepers; this was reflected by their smaller amplitude P2
component seen during wake of the sleep-onset period. Unlike the P2 component, the Nl,
N350, and P300 did not vary between the groups. The smaller P2 seen in our poor
sleepers indicates that they have a deficit in the sleep initiation processes. Specifically,
poor sleepers do not disengage their attention from the outside environment to the same
extent as good sleepers during the sleep-onset period. The lack of findings for the N350
suggest that this sleep component may be intact in those with insomnia and that it is the
waking components (i.e., Nl, P2) that may be leading to the deficit in sleep initiation.
Further, it may be that the mechanism responsible for the disruption of sleep initiation in
the poor sleepers is most reflected by the P2 component.
Future research investigating ERPs in insomnia should focus on the identification
of the components most sensitive to sleep disruption. As well, methods should be
developed in order to more clearly identify the various types of insomnia populations in
research contexts (e.g., psychophysiological vs. sleep-state misperception) and the
various individual (personality characteristics, motivation) and environmental factors
(arousal-related variables) that influence particular ERP components. Insomnia has
serious consequences for health, safety, and daytime functioning, thus research efforts
should continue in order to help alleviate this highly prevalent condition.


title: Drift dispersal in central Southern Ontario /

subject: Drift Geology

abstract:
Two tills are readily identi-f i able in central Southern
Ontario, a very stony, loose deposit o-f variable matrix
(Dummer till) and a moderately stony, fissile and compact
deposit that is more homogeneous (drumlinized till). The
quantity o-f Precambr i an, Paleozoic and Shadow Lake Formation
(Paleozoic) rock types were determined and corresponding
isopleth maps drawn. The changes in lithology content occurred
in the direction o-f transport, there-fore, compositional
isopleths o-f till may be considered equipotential lines for
the reconstruction of glacier flow paths.
Areal gradations of drift lithology indicated that the
prime agents of dispersal were ice and glacial meltwaters.
The down-ice abundance trend of till components indicated a
dispersal pattern showing the concentration of a given
lithology type peaking within a few kilometres of the source
followed by a rapid decline and thereafter, a more gradual
decrease with increasing distance. Within the esker
deposits, igneous rocks may form the major component and can
extend further onto the limestone plain than in the adjacent
till.
Evidence is presented that indicates the "style" of
dispersal was one in which glacial ice may have been strongly
influenced by local bedrock topography and the regional
structural trends. The ice tended to follow pre-existing
valleys and lows, depositing till composed mainly of local
bedrock. Gradations in Paleozoic clast content showed that the local bedrock lithology became the primary till component
within 3 km of down-ice transport.
Evidence is presented that indicated the last glaciation
may have occurred as a relatively thin ice mass, followed
by stagnation and recession. No evidence of a lateglacial
re-advance was found within the study area. Because
of the lack of a contact between the Dummer and drumlinized
till, and because of results showing gradation of the Dummer
till into the drumlinized till (as indicated by lithology
content and grain size), it is suggested that no re-advance
occurred.


title: The surficial geology, sedimentology and geochemistry of the late glacial sediments and Paleozoic bedrock in the Campbellford area, Ontario, with special reference to the Dummer Complex /

subject:
Geology
Sediments (Geology)
Geochemistry
Geology, Stratigraphic
Geology, Stratigraphic

abstract:
The Dummer Complex extends 180 km along the Precambrian -
Paleozoic contact from Tamworth to Lake Simcoe. It is composed
of coarse, angular Paleozoic clasts in discontinuous, pitted, hummocky
deposits. Deposits are usually separated by bare or boulder
strewn bedrock, but have been found in the southern drumlinized
till sheet. Dummer Complex deposits show rough alignment with
ice-flow. Eskers cross-cut many of the deposits.
Dummer sediment subfacies are defined on the basis of dominant
coarse grain size and lithology, which relate directly to
the underlying Paleozoic formation. Three subglacial tills are
identified based on the degree of comminution and distance of
transport; the immature facies of the Dummer Complex; the mature
facies of the drumlinized till sheet and; the submature facies
which is transitional.
Carbonate geochemistry was used for till-bedrock correlation
in various grain sizes. Of the 3 Paleozoic formations underlying
the Dummer Complex, the Gull River Fm. is geochemically distinctive
from the Bobcaygeon and Verulam Formations using Ca, Mg, Sr, Cu,
Mn, Fe and Na. The Bobcaygeon Fm. and Verulam Fm. can be
differentiated using Ca and the Sr/Ca ratio. The immature facies
from 1.0 phi and finer is dominated by the non-carbonate, long distance
transported component which decreases slightly downice.
The submature till facies contains more long distance material than
the immature facies. Sr and Mn can be used to correlate the
Gull River immature till facies to the underlying bedrock the other
subfacies could not be distinguished from each other or their
respective source formation. This method proved to be ineffective
for sediments with greater than 35% non-carbonate component, due to
leaching of elements by the dissolving acid.The Dummer Complex is produced subglacially , as the compressional
ice encounters the permeable Paleozoic carbonates.
The increased shear strength of the ice and pore pressures in the
carbonates results in the basal ice zones becoming debris ladden.
Cleaner ice overrides the basal debris
.
laden dead ice which then
acts as the glacier bed. During retreat, the Simcoe lobe stagnates
as flow is cut-off by the Algonquin Highlands.


title: Structural studies in the Southern Province, South of Sudbury, Ontario

subject:
Geology
Geology, Structural

abstract:
Rocks correlated with the Hough Lake and Quirke Lake Groups of the Huronian
Supergroup form part of a northeasterly trending corridor that separates 1750 Ma granitic
intrusive rocks of the Chief Lake batholith from the 1850 Ma mafic intrusive rocks of the
Sudbury Igneous Complex. This corridor is dissected by two major structural features; the
Murray Fault Zone (MFZ) and the Long Lake Fault (LLF). Detailed structural mapping and
microstructural analysis indicates that the LLF, which has juxtaposed Huronian rocks of
different deformation style and metamorphism grade, was a more significant plane of
dislocation than the MFZ. The sense of displacement along the LLF is high angle reverse in
which rocks to the southeast have been raised relative to those in the northwest. South of the
LLF Huronian rocks underwent ductile defonnation at amphibolite facies conditions. The
strain was constrictional, defined by a triaxial strain ellipsoid in which X > Y > z.
Calculations of a regional k value were approximately 1.3. Penetrative ductile defonnation
resulted in the development of a preferred crystallographic orientation in quartz as well as the
elongation of quartz grains to fonn a regional southeast-northwest trending, subvertical
lineation. Similar lithologies north of the LLF underwent dominantly brittle deformation
under greenschist facies conditions. Deformation north of the LLF is characterized by the
thrusting of structural blocks to form angular discordances in bedding orientation which were
previously interpreted as folds. Ductile deformation occurred between 1750 and 1238 Ma and
is correlated with a regional period of south over north reverse faulting that effected much
of the southern Sudbury region.
Post dating the reverse faulting event was a period of sedimentation as a conglomerate
unit was deposited on vertically bedded Huronian rocks. Rocks in the study area were
intruded by both mafic and felsic dykes. The 1238 Ma mafic dykes appear to have been
offset during a period of dextral strike slip displacement along the major fault'). Indirect
evidence indicates that this event occurred after the thrusting at 950 to 1100 Ma associated
with the Grenvillian Orogeny.


title: Thinking skills in the language arts : an application of cognitive schema theory to the narrative writing process /

contributor: Department of Graduate and Undergraduate Studies in Education

subject:
Language arts.
Narration (Rhetoric)
Cognition.
Thought and thinking.
Writing.

abstract:
A cognitively based instructional program for
narrative writing was developed. The effects of using
cognitively based schematic planning organizers at the
pre-writing stage were evaluated using subjects from the
Primary, Junior and Intermediate divisions.
Results indicate that the use of organizers based
on problem solving significantly improved the organization
and the overall quality of narrative writing for students
in grades 3, 6 and 7. The magnitude of the improvement
of the treatment group over the control group performance
in Organization ranged from 10.7% to 22.9%.
Statistical and observational data indicate many
implications for further research into the cognitive basis
for writing and reading; for the improvement and evaluation
of school writing programs; for the design of school
curricula; and for the inservice education for teachers of
writing.


title: Structural studies and gabbro mylonitization within the Barton Bay Deformation Zone, Geraldton, Ontario /

subject:
Geology, Structural.
Geology
Mylonite
Rocks, Sedimentary

abstract:
Structures related to ductile siMple shear parallel to
the Bankf ield-Tonbill Fault, define a 5km wide zone, the
Barton Bay Deformation Zone. Structures present within this
zone Include; simple shear fabrics S, C and C , asymmetric Z
shaped folds with rotated axes, boudinage and pinch and swell
structures and a subhorlzontal extension llneation.
The most highly deformed rock is a gabbro mylonite which
occurs in the fault zone. The deformation of this gabbro has
been traced in stages from a protomylonite to an ultramylonite
In which feldspar and chlorite grainslze has been reduced from
over 100 microns to as little as 5 microns.
Evidence from the mylonite and the surrounding structure
indicates that deformation within the Barton Bay Deformation
Zone is related to a regional simple shear zone, the
Bankf ield-Tombill Fault. Movement along this shear zone was
in a south over north oblique strike slip fashion with a
dextral sense of displacement.


title: Evolution of an Archean greenstone belt in the Stormy Lake - Kawashegamuk Lake area (stratigraphy, structure and geochemistry) - Western Wabigoon Subprovince, Northwest Ontario /

subject:
Geology
Geology
Geology, Stratigraphic
Geology, Structural.
Geochemistry.

abstract:
330 km 2 of the easter-n part of the Archean Manitou Lakes -
Stormy Lake metavolcanic - metasedimentary belt have been mapped and
sampled. A large number of rocks ~.vere analyzed for the major and trace
constituents including the rare-earth elements (REE).
The Stormy Lake - Kawashegamuk Lake area may be subdivided
into four major lithological groups of supracrustal rocks
1) A north-facing mafic assemblage, consisting of pillowed tholeiitic
basalts and gabbro sills characterized by flat REE profiles, is exposed
in the south part of the map area and belongs to a 8000 m thick
homoclinal assemblage outside the map area. Felsic pyroclastic rocks
believed to have been issued from a large central vent conformably
overlie the tholeiites.
2) A dominantly epiclastic group facing to the north consists of terrestrial
deposits interpreted to be an alluvial fan deposit ; a submarine
facies is represented by turbiditic sediments.
3) The northeastern part of the study area consists of volcanic rocks
belonging to two mafic - felsic cycles facing to the southuest ; andesitic
flows with fractionated REE patterns make up a large part of the
upper cycle, whereas the lower cycle has a stronger chemical polarity
being represented by tholeiitic flows, with flat REE, which a r e succeeded
by dacitic and rhyolitic pyroclasti cs.
iii

4) A thick monotonous succession of tholeiitic pillmled basalt f lows
and gabbro sills with flat REE represent the youngest supracrustal rocks.
TIle entire belt underwent folding, faulting and granitic plutonism
during a tectono-thermal event around 2700 Ma ago. Rocks exposed
in the map area were subjected to regional greenschist facies metamorphism,
but higher metamorphic grades are present near late granitic
intrusions.
Geochemical studies have been useful in 1) distinguishing
the various rock units ; 2) relating volcanic and intrusive rocks
3) studying the significance of chemical changes due to post magmatic
processes 4) determining the petrogenesis of the major volcanic rock
types. In doing so, two major volcanic suites have been recognized :
a) a tholeiitic suite, mostly represented by mafic rocks, was derived
from partial melting of upper mantle material depleted in Ti, K and the
light REE ; b) a calc-alkalic suite which evolved from partial melting
of amphibolite in the lower crust. The more differentiated magma types
have been produced by a multistage process involving partial melting
and fractional crystallization to yield a continuum of compos i t i ons
ranging from basaltic andesite to rhyolite.
A model for the development of the eastern part of the Manitou
Lakes - Stormy Lake belt has been proposed.


title: DNA polymerase activity in trophoblast giant cells in the mouse /

subject:
DNA polymerases.
Trophoblast.
Mice
Cells.

abstract:
In the developing mouse embryo, the diploid trophectoderm is known to
undergo a diploid to giant cell transformation. These cells arise by a process
of endoreduplication, characterized by replication of the entire genome without
subsequent mitosis or cell division, leading to polyploidy and the formation of
giant nuclei. Studies of 13.5 day rat trophoblast derived from the parietal
yolk sac have indicated a relatively low rate of DNA polymerase a activity, the
noinnal eukaryotic replicase, in comparison to that of DNA polymerase g. These
results have suggested that endoreduplication in trophoblast giant cells may not
employ the normal replicase enzyme, DNA polymerase a.
In order to determine whether a 'switch' from DNA polymerase to DNA
polymerase is a necessary concomitant of the diploid to giant cell
transformation, two distinct populations of trophoblast giant cells, the primary
giant cell derived from the mural trophectoderm and the secondary giant cell
derived from the polar trophoectoderm were used. These two populations of
trophoblast giant cells can be obtained from the tissue outgrowths of 3.5da
blastocysts and the extraembryonic ectoderm (EX) and ectoplacental cone (EPC) of
7.5 day embryos respectively.
Tissue outgrowths were treated with aphidicolin, a specific reversible
inhibitor of eukaryotic DNA polymerase a, on various days after explantation.
The effect of aphidicolin treatment was assessed both qualitatively, using
autoradiography and quantitatively by scintillation counting and Feulgen
staining.
3
DNA synthesis was measured in control and treated cultures after a Hthymidine
pulse. Scintillation counts of the embryo proper revealed that DNA
synthesis was consistently inhibited by greater than 907. in the presence of aphidicolin. Inhibition of DNA synthesis in the EX and EPC varied between
81-957. and 82-987. respectively, indicating that most DNA synthesis was mediated
by DNA polymerase a, but that a small but significant amount of residual
synthesis was indicated.
A qualitative approach was then applied to determine whether the apparent
residual DNA synthesis was restricted to a subpopulation of giant cells or
whether all giant cells displayed a low level of DNA synthesis. Autoradiographs
of the ICM of blastocysts and the embryo proper of 7.5da embryos, which acted as
diploid control population, was completely inhibited regardless of duration in
explant culture. In contrast, primary trophoblast giant cells derived from
blastocysts and secondary giant cells derived from the EX and EPC were observed
to possess some heavily labelled cells after aphidicolin treatment. These
results suggest that although DNA polymerase a is the primary replicating enzyme
responsible for endoreduplication in mouse trophoblast giant cells, some nonactivity
is also observed.
A DNA polymerase assay employing tissue lysates of outgrown 7.5da embryo,
EX and EPC tissues was used to attempt to confirm the presence of higher nonactivity
in tissues possessing trophoblast giant cells. Employing a series of
inhibitors of DNA polymerases, it would appear that DNA polymerase a is the
major polymerase active in all tissues of the 7.5da mouse embryo. The nature of
the putative residual DNA synthetic activity could not be unequivically
determined in this study.
Therefore, these results suggest that both primary and secondary
trophoblast giant cells possess and use DNA polymerase a in endoreduplicative
DNA synthesis. It would appear that the high levels of DNA polymerase g
activity reported in trophoblast tissue derived from the 13.5 da rat yolk sac
was not a general feature of all endoreduplication.


title: Kinetic studies of the effect of organic sulphides on the oxidation of other sulphides /

subject:
Chemical kinetics.
Sulfides.
Oxidation.

abstract:
The rates of oxidation of three Organic sulphides viz. methyl phenyl
sulphide, (P), p -me thoxyphenyl methyl sulphide (M) and methyl p-nitrophenyl
sulphide (N). have been obtained in ethanol using MoO-(acac)- as
catalyst and Bu OOH as the oxidizing agent.
A Hammett plot gave a rho value of -2.1 and the activation energies
for the oxidation of P, M and N were estimated to be 63.60, 40.12 and 197.46
Kj mol respectively.
The effect of organic sulphide on the oxidation of another sulphide
was also ascertained. Positive and negative deviations were observed from
the expected slope.


title: Inclusive education: exploring teachers' perspectives /

subject:
Inclusive education.
Special education.

abstract:
This study explores 5 teachers' perspectives on inclusive education. The literature
reviewed gives a historical background of special education as well as discusses a
number of current methods and techniques that have been implemented as a means to
include exceptional students in regular classroom settings.
This is a qualitative study that collected and interpreted data in narrative form.
Common themes emerged from the accounts that were shared by the participants. This
study found that the understanding of mUltiple intelligences and differentiated instruction
might assist a teacher to better meet the needs of exceptional students within inclusive
classrooms.
Based on this study, it is determined that a range of considerations needs to be
weighed when choosing an educational placement for a student with an exceptionality.
Each decision needs to be based on the individual student and the options open to
himlher. When a decision about class placement is to be made, not only are the student's
strengths and needs to be considered, but also the school and community, the teacher, and
the parents' desire for their child must be taken into account. More work still needs to be
done around inclusive education that is at the practical level, so that the needs of both the
student and the teacher can be met.
Inclusive education did not mean the same thing to each person. It was
individualized, just as each student is an individual and what works best for himlher is
individual. In learning about inclusive education, settings and strategies need to be
considered to allow for each individual student to achieve hislher personal best.


title: Community Care Access Centre accountability reforms: executive director perceptions /

subject: Long-term care of the sick

abstract:
The purpose of this study was to explore how four purposefully selected executive
directors of Community Care Access Centres (CCACs) understood the idea of
accountability, and how they viewed the accountability reforms that had been imposed on
their sector of health care over the previous three years. Data were collected through
personal interviews and a reflective journal. An analysis of key documents and the
reflective journal informed the data analysis. The findings suggest that executive
directors perceive that accountability relationships have shifted since reforms have been
implemented. They noted that CCACs have become more accountable to the provincial
government at the expense of accountability to the local community. From their
perspective, the demand for greater standardization and bureaucratization has left fewer
opportunities to adapt programs to meet particular community needs and has slowed the
ability to respond quickly to community inquiries and concerns.


title: Learning and healing: a wellness pedagogy for Aboriginal teacher education /

subject:
Native peoples
Native Peoples
Indian teachers
Indians of North America
Adult education.

abstract:
During the last 30 years Aboriginal peoples in Canada have made steady progress in
reclaiming the responsibility for the education of their young people, especially in primary
and secondary school. In comparison the education and or training of adult populations has
not kept pace and many socioeconomic and sociocultural indicators demonstrate a ' ,
continued confinement of those populations to the margins of the dominant society of
Canada. It is the adults, the mothers and the fathers, the grandmothers and grandfathers, the
aunties and uncles that are the first teachers of the next generation and the nature of these
relationships replicates the culture of unwellness in each subsequent generation through
those teachers.
There are few examples in the Aboriginal adult education literatures that give voice to
the educational experience of the Learner. This study addresses that gap by exploring the
perspectives embedded in the stories of a Circle of Learners who are, or were enrolled in the
Bachelor of Education in Aboriginal Adult Education program at Brock University. That
Circle of 1 participants included 9 women and 1 man, 6 of whom were from various i
Anishinabek nations while 4 represented the Hotinonshd:ni nations in southern Ontario. They
are an eclectic group, representing many professions, age groups, spiritual traditions, and
backgrounds. This then is their story, the story of the heaming and Healing pedagogy and an
expanded vision of Aboriginal education and research at Brock University.


title: Reflective practice and the novice nurse /

subject: Nurses Nurses Nursing Nurses

abstract:
The importance of reflective practice to the novice nurse was explored in this
study. The novice nurse, for the purpose of this study, was defined as a Registered Nurse
who graduated from an accredited nursing program within a 1 2-month period prior to the
data collection date and who had no prior experience as a Registered Nurse before
graduation. All of the nurses enrolled in this study were female. This study explored the
perceived link between transformational learning and reflective practice, and whether
there may be a need to standardize a conceptual framework and definition for reflective
practice in nursing academia.
The literature that was reviewed for this study indicated that there were
inconsistencies in the application of reflective practice within academic curriculums. The
literature did identify that the majority of academic scholars have agreed that reflection is
paramount in the development of critical thinking skills, self-awareness, and selfdirection.
And, while all of these skills drive professional practice and effect excellent
patient care, institutional health care has been reticent to support the value of reflective
practice because of a lack of empirical data sets.
The 4 novice Registered Nurses who participated in this study were asked 4 openended
questions that provided a foundation for comparing the novice nurses' experiences,
interpretations, and perceptions of reflective practice. These nurses participated in
individual audiotaped interviews with the researcher. The study was based upon Heath's
(1998) model of "Theory hitegration via Reflective Practice."
The results demonstrated that reflective practice was significant to the novice
nurse and was used as a tool to identify further learning needs. Transformational learning
through reflection was described by the study participants. The findings within this study
are consistent with previous work done in the area of reflection and the novice nurse.


title: Attitudes toward Konglish of South Korean teachers of English in the Province of Jeollanamdo /

subject:
English language
English language
English teachers

abstract:
This study examined the attitudes of South Korean teachers of English in
Jeollanamdo toward Konglish, particularly in relation to English education. The literature
search shows that Konglish is a typical local variety, evolved from the borrowing and
redefining of English words that became part of everyday South Korean speech. Konglish
is not unique in this regard. Japlish in Japan and Chinglish in China developed for similar
reasons and display the distinctive characteristics of those languages. However, Konglish
is usually defined as poor and incorrect.
Teachers in the study expressed embarrassment, shyness, guilt, and anger about
Konglish. On the other hand, they also valued it as something uniquely theirs. Teachers
believed that students should not be taught that Konglish is bad English. However,
students should be taught that it is poor or incorrect. With few exceptions, they correct
Konglish in their classes.
Teachers exhibited considerable inner conflict. They defined Konglish as valid
when used in Korea with Koreans. However, some preferred that their students not use it,
even with their friends. This may cause students to judge Konglish as unacceptable or
inferior.
The teachers believed that students should learn to distinguish between Konglish
and "Standard English," and that they should learn about the contexts in which each is
appropriate or preferred. The conclusion, therefore, is that South Korean teachers see the
value of teaching about varieties of English. The recommendations are that intelligibility,
broader communication skills, and information about International English be included in
the curriculum in South Korea.


title: Emptying the bell jar: an exploration of adolescent responses to a women's literature unit /

subject:
Women authors
Feminism and literature.

abstract:
This study examines adolescent student responses to a women's literature unit
taught within a grade 12 Writer's Craft course. Current research (Gilligan, 1989, Pipher,
1994 & Slack, 1999) suggests that there is a great under-representation of female authors
in the high school literature curriculum. The use of women's literature may draw
attention to important literary figures who are historically overlooked within the
curriculum. It gives voice to a marginalized group and presents students with alternative
subjects and heroes. It encourages students to develop a critical perspective and reevaluate
assumptions about institutions, ideologies, language and culture. It also allows
me, as a teacher, to reflect on my own teaching practices and explore alternate feminist
pedagogical principles and teaching styles encouraging multiplicity of voices,
deconstruction of power relations, and alternative assessment tools within the classroom.
As an educator, it is important for me to teach curriculum that is relevant and meaningful
to students and help them become critical, self-reflective thinkers. It is also important for
me to assist students in their exploration of self and encourage them to expand their
awareness of historical, social and global issues. Sylvia Plath's (1963) The belljar is used
as the primary text taught within this unit. In this novel, the bell jar is a central image that
signifies entrapment and isolation. "To the person in the bell jar, blank and stopped as a
dead body, the world itself is the bad dream"(p.l 54). As a metaphor, the bell jar resonates
with young readers in a variety of ways.


title: An exploratory descriptive study of factors influencing students to seek or not to seek personal counselling on a college of applied arts and technology campus located in Southern Ontario /

subject:
Young adults
College students
Health behavior.
Educational counseling.
Counseling in higher education.

abstract:
This descriptive-exploratory study examined factors which were perceived by
students at a College of Applied Arts and Technology (CAAT) campus as influencing
them in choosing to come or not to come for personal counselling and why they would or
would not retum. A total of 250 students selected through a sample of convenience were
surveyed. A questionnaire survey was conducted with quantitative data collected using a
4-point, forced-choice Likert scale and yes/no questions and qualitative data collected
using open-ended questions and invited comments. The responses were analyzed using
means and modes for the Likert responses and percentages for the yes/no and check-off
questions. The narrative responses were subjected to content analysis to identify themes.
The mean score findings on factors influencing students to come for personal counselling
were at or close to the mid- point of 2.5. Personal distress was the only variable found to
have a negative response, meaning students would not come to counselling if they were
in personal distress. On factors that would keep them from choosing to come to
counselling, students seemed to trust counsellors and feel accepted by them and rejected
the notion that peer pressure or the first session being unhelpful would keep them away
from counselling. The counsellor's relationship with the student is the major determinant
for repeat sessions. When asked what factors would influence students to not retum for
personal counselling, students rejected the variables of peer pressure, the extra time
needed for counselling, and not getting what they wanted in a session, but, in one
instance, indicated that variables regarding the counselling relationship would keep them
from returning.


title: Exploring domination and subordination in high school physical education /

subject:
Dominance (Psychology)
Physical education and training.
School sports.
High school students.

abstract:
This is a critical qualitative inquiry into secondary school students' experiences of
power relations within physical activity and physical education settings. More specifically the
study examines the reproduction ofpower relations through the use of domination and
subordination in physical activity and physical education. This study will attempt to
understand power relations that take place between and among students and between teachers
and students and how certain sports or activities reinforce power relationships within the
gymnasium. Thirty eight first and second year university students completed a questionnaire
which asked them to reflect upon their high school physical education experiences. Feedback
fi*om the questionnaires described that highly skilled male students benefit the most fi-om
high school physical education and receive more power and privilege when compared to
lesser skilled students.


title: The perceptions of play among educators in kindergarten and grade one classrooms /

subject:
Play.
Activity programs in education.
Kindergarten teachers.
Kindergarten
Primary school teachers.
First grade (Education)
Education, Primary

abstract:
This qualitative study focuses on the role of play in primary education, and was
designed to determine and understand the perceptions of play among primary educators
who are teachers in kindergarten and grade one classrooms. In attempting to understand
how primary educators use play in their classrooms, the following findings emerged.
Educators struggle in primary grades to support play in the classroom because of a lack
of a clear understanding of what play is. Further, teachers face several oppositions to
using play in the classroom. Much of the opposition arises from a concern for classroom
management as well as negative parental views towards play. Additionally, the teachers
from this study feel that there is limited support available for them to implement a
curriculum that includes play. Despite support from academic research, indicating that
children, particularly in the primary grades, benefit greatly from play, the place for play
in the curriculum is not secure. In this study, strategies that would assist and support
primary educators in using play in their classrooms are suggested.


title: Moral reasoning and ethics in educational leadership /

subject:
School administrators
Educational leadership
Judgment (Ethics)
Reasoning.

abstract:
School leaders face difficult decisions regarding discipline matters. Often, such
decisions play an important role in determining the moral tone of the school and the
health of the school community. Many stakeholders are affected by the outcome of such
decisions. Codes of conduct, board and school policies, and discipline meetings are
often shrouded under secrecy, making the discipline process mysterious.
.; In this study I examined the process of moral reasoning. I sought to determine
the extent to which school leaders were aware that they were involved in a process of
moral reasoning, and ftirthermore, what kind of moral reasoning they practiced. As well,
I investigated the ethical grounds and foundations underlying moral reasoning. Thus, in
this study I probed the awareness of the process of moral reasoning and sought to find
the ethical grounding of decision making.
This qualitative study featured short field research. The process involved
individual interviews with three different participants: school leaders of a public.
Catholic, and an independent school. It found that each school leader practiced moral
reasoning to varying degrees through the discipline process. It also explored the possible
democratization of moral reasoning by linking to concepts such as fairness, due process,
public accountability, and greater participation in the administering of discipline.
This study has implications for practice, theory, and future research. The
examination of school leaders as the primary focus for discipline matters opens the door
to future research that could explore differences between the school systems and
possibly other parties affected by moral reasoning in discipline cases.


title: Wellspring: an intrinsic case study of community-based education for adults living with cancer /

subject:
Cancer
Cancer
Adult education.
Community-based social services.

abstract:
This paper presents education research as vital to addressing the issues faced by
adults living with cancer. This qualitative study looked at philosophies of practice for
cancer patient education. It was about understanding how values and beliefs shape the
way program planners and managers operationalize their knowledge of adult education
and how this has significant impact on meeting the needs of those touched by cancer.
Improved technology has extended life expectancy, so that Canadians living with cancer,
or even dying with cancer now spend less time in direct medical care. The notion of
cancer as simply a medical concern is outdated. This study found that informational and
support needs of adults living with cancer are often unmet, ignored or unknown.
This research investigated a community-based education initiative that is inviting,
accessible, and promotes a sense of hope. More specifically, this case study uncovered
factors contributing to the success of Wellspring, a grass-roots cancer patient support
centre which has been recognized nationally for its ability to effectively meet the diverse
non-medical supportive care needs of as many cancer patients and caregivers as possible.
Therefore, Wellspring was selected as a case study. Educating people to take charge of
their own lives and supporting them in making informed decisions about their lifestyle
choices made Wellspring part of a social action movement that focused on improving
social attitudes toward people living with cancer.
Results of this descriptive inquiry and philosophical inquiry evolved into data that
was used to devise an organic model of community-based education that encompasses
Adler's (1993) four dimensions of philosophy within a socio-cultural context.


title: Why I am not a teacher: a self-study examining why I made the decision to exit the teaching profession /

subject: Teachers Teachers Teaching Psychology

abstract:
A good teacher was once described as being like a candle; consuming itself to
light the way for others (Author unknown). But as Knox (2005) says, far too many
yoimg flames flicker out before they ever get the opportvmity to bum their brightest. This
self-study explores the phenomenon of teacher attrition through the stories and lived
experiences of one elementary teacher. I strive throughout this self-study to delve deeper
into the significance of my story and lived experiences in order to enhance our
understanding of why teachers exit the profession. As a result, the guiding question
throughout the study is, "Why do teachers, particularly those who have only taught for a
few years, leave the classrooms they worked so hard to enter?" Through the writing of a
narrative entitled Sarah 's Story, I was able to identify and give voice to a story openly
sharing the feelings of despair; disappointment, frustration and disillusionment. This
study has identified areas of tension that lead to dissatisfaction, discontent, and teacher
disillusionment. It confronts the issues of complexity, uncertainty, and conflict that are
experienced in teaching. It discusses the puzzling, powerfiil and upsetting experiences,
highlighting the importance of talk between all members of the education system.


title: "Where is the value in education for me?": experiences and perspectives of Ontario secondary students at risk of non-completion of their Ontario Secondary School Diploma /

subject:
Problem youth
Motivation in education.
Teachers of problem children
Dropouts

abstract:
This study examined students considered at risk of non-completion of their
Ontario Secondary School Diploma and aimed to offer insight into the questions, "What
factors currently lead to school disconnect" and "How can these factors be addressed?"
Eight students currently enrolled in an alternative learning environment participated in
the study. Each was asked to take part in two, digitally recorded interviews that were
subsequently transcribed by the researcher. The data were then coded and analysed
according to specific themes: obstacles, empowerment, goals, views about success,
opinions of school, and power of the teacher. From these themes, three broad focus areas
emerged that were used to keep the data analysis focused: worldview, school effects, and
self-image. Variances between the data collected and ideas presented in the current
literature were highlighted as a reminder that when dealing with a human population, we
cannot rely on textbook definitions and theory alone.


title: Invisible disability, visible people: a closer look at the experiences of teachers with learning disabilities /

subject:
Teachers with disabilities.
Teachers
Teachers

abstract:
Throughout their schooling experiences, students with learning disabilities
(LD) face numerous academic and socioemotional challenges. Some of these
individuals rise above these obstacles to obtain a postsecondary education and
become professionals. Recently, there have been a number of individuals with
learning disabilities who have chosen a career in teaching. There is a lack of
research that documents the experiences of teachers with learning disabilities. The
purpose of this qualitative study is to gain an understanding of the challenges that
the teachers with learning disabilities strive to overcome and the supports that
they receive ^^^ch facilitate their inception into teaching. Four teachers with
learning disabilities were the participants in this collective case study research.
Data were collected through semistructured interviews. These data were coded,
collapsed into themes, and the results were presented in a narrative form. The
resultant 9 themes are: (a) Perspectives on School Experiences, (b) Identification
and Effective Accommodations, (c) Isolation, Frustration, and Support, (d)
Awareness of Learning Disability at Age 18, (e) Disclosure of Learning
Disability, (f) Negative Impact of the Learning Disability Label, (g) Desire,
Drive, and Obstacles, (h) Empathy, Compassion, and Self-Concept, and (i)
Critical Views of Colleagues. The themes reflect the common experiences among
participants. The discussion brings forth new information that is not found in
other research. The impHcations of this research will interest teacher federations,
parents of students with LD, teachers, and educational researchers.


title: Ethical space in a secondary school: a case study /

subject:
Native peoples
Multicultural education
Educational equalization

abstract:
Discourse in the provincial education system that includes Aboriginal peoples is a
convoluted one-sided affair. This has contributed to the limited academic success for
Aboriginal secondary students in the provincial school system. The Office of the Auditor
General (2004) announced a 27-28 year gap in Academic success compared to non-
Aboriginal students (p. I). Both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal stakeholders are fiiistrated
and confused with the lack of support for long-term solutions to address academic
success for Aboriginal students. The boundaries in education that exist between the
dominant society of Canada and Aboriginal peoples in education are hindering the
development of ethical space in which to negotiate and apply "concrete arguments and
concepts" (Ermine, 2000, p. 140) for 'best' solutions across the cultural divide.
Recent literature suggests a gap in knowledge to address this cultural divide. This
study reveals racism is still prevalent and the problem lies in the fallacy of Euro-Western
pedagogical beliefs. There is a need to design ethical space that will assist transformation
of cross-relations in education for inclusion of Aboriginal voices and content. I submit
that ethical space involves physical and abstract space.
This report is a qualitative, exploratory, and single case study of one northern
Ontario secondary school attended by First Nations and Metis peoples who comprise
35% of the school population. Twenty-six stakeholders volunteered to participate in six
interviews. The volunteers in this study are Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal. Aboriginal
peoples are firom two First Nations, and Metis peoples. It is an Aboriginal designed and
delivered study that a) describes an Aboriginally-designed research method to gather data
across cultural divides in a secondary school, b) reviews Tri-Council Policy Section 6 (TCPS) regarding 'good practices' in ethical research involving Aboriginal peoples, and
c) summarizes stakeholder perspectives of the 'best educational environment' for one
secondary school.


title: The teaching practicum as an opportunity for professional growth: perceptions of three associate-teachers /

subject:
Teachers
Teachers
Mentoring in education.

abstract:
The purpose of this study was to examine the student-teaching practicum as an
opportunity for professional growth for associate-teachers. Three associate-teachers from
one school board in southern Ontario were purposefully selected to participate in the
study. Participants were interviewed before and after one 4-week teaching practicum.
They were asked to keep a reflective journal during the practicum, and provided with
questions to guide their reflection.
The literature suggests that meaningful professional development is contextual
and requires reflection on practice. For example, Schon's (l987b) hall of mirrors
phenomenon occurs when teachers reflect on their own practice while observing and
guiding the practice of others. Findings from this study suggest the teaching practicum
has the potential to be a valuable professional development opportunity for associateteachers,
but that the university and the school board affiliated with the participants do
not conceptualize it as such. As well, the research suggests that although all participants
found the teaching practicum valuable, the extent to which they were able to grow
professionally depended on their professional personality. In addition, it was found that
the reflective journal enhanced opportunities for associate teacher reflection. This
research suggests that universities and school boards may wish to consider the studentteacher
practicum as a professional development opportunity.


title: Spiritual journeys in the classroom: elementary public school teachers' perspectives /

subject: Spirituality. Teachers.

abstract:
This thesis explored 5 public elementary school teachers ' perceptions of
spirituality and its implications for classroom practice. A generic qualitative study was
conducted where each teacher shared her experiences and perceptions in one audiotaped
semistructured interview. Transcripts were generated and coded for themes which
emerged, resulting in the findings of the study. Following this process, the participants
verified the accuracy of the transcripts and findings through a member-checking system.
The research found that each teacher has her own definition of spirituality.
Furthermore, one's personal connection with spirituality can involve a relationship with
religion, the self, a higher being, others, and nature. These spiritual relationships were
nurtured through a variety of methods outlined by the teachers. This resulted in the
creation of a personal spiritual profile for each teacher which contained each teacher's
spiritual connections or facets and the methods used to develop these facets.
The teachers identified spiritual needs in their students warranting the need for
and importance of spiritual education. Given this, a number of classroom practices were
identified with the intention of meeting the spiritual needs of students. Among these
practices, the teacher as role model was identified as a significant practice for students'
spiritual development in the classroom. The teachers further outlined a number of
professional development initiatives with the intention to promote greater awareness for
spiritual education and to provide resources for educators.


title: Preoperative education and its influence on perception of recovery for clients awaiting total hip and total knee replacement surgery /

subject:
Preoperative education
Hip joint
Knee

abstract:
The puqjose of this study was to examine the manner in which an inviting
approach to a preoperative teaching and learning educational experience influenced the
perception and subsequent recovery of clients who were awaiting total hip and total knee
replacement surgery. An in-depth review of the internal and external factors that shape
client perceptions was undertaken in this study. In addition, this study also explored
whether or not the Prehab Program was preparing clients physically, socially, and
psychologically for surgery. Data for this qualitative case study research were collected
through preoperative interviews with 4 participants awaiting total hip replacement
surgery and 1 participant awaiting total knee replacement surgery. Four postoperative
interviews were conducted with the participants who had received total hip replacement
surgery. The occupational therapist and physical therapist who were the coleaders of the
Prehab Program at the time of this study were also interviewed. The results of this study
suggest that while individuals may receive similar educational experiences, their
perceptions of the manner in which they benefited from these experiences varied. This is
illustrated in the research findings, which concluded that while clients benefited
physically from the inviting approach used during the practical teaching session, not all
clients perceived the psychological benefits of this practice session, especially clients
with preexisting high levels of anxiety. In addition to increasing the understanding of the
internal as well as external factors that influence the perceptions of clients, this study has
also served as an opportunity for reflection on practice for the Prehab therapists and other
healthcare educators.


title: The effect of pH and ethanol on the astringent sub-qualities of red wine, and the implications for optimum grape maturity /

subject:
Wine
Wine
Wine
Wine and wine making.

abstract:
The first objective of this study was to identify appropriate sensory descriptors to assess
the astringent sub-qualities of red wine. The influence of pH and ethanol on the sensation
of astringency in red wine was evaluated, using a de-alcoholized red wine. A portion of
the wine was adjusted to the pH values of 3.2, 3.4, 3.6 and 3.8, and another portion was
adjusted to ethanol concentrations of 0%, 6%, 12%, and 15%. In addition, the pH 3.4 and
3.6 treatments were adjusted to an ethanol concentration of 12% and 15% all wines were
then assessed sensorially and seventeen terms were identified, through panel discussion,
to describe the mouth-feel and taste qualities: velvet, aggressive, silk/satin, dry, fleshy,
unripe, pucker viscosity, abrasive, heat, chewy, acidity, grippy/adhesive, bitter, balance,
overall astringency, and mouth-coat. Descriptive analysis profiling techniques were used
to train the panel and measure the intensity of these attributes. It was found that
decreasing pH values (averaged across all ethanol concentrations) showed an increase in
the overall astringency of the wine. The combined treatments of ethanol and pH, real
wine parameters (pH 3.4 and 3.6; 12% and 15% ethanol) did not have an effect on the
perception of the astringent sub-qualities of the wine. A time intensity study was also
included using the pH and ethanol adjusted wines, which showed that as the ethanol level
of the wines increased so did the time to maximum intensity.
The second objective was to identify appropriate sensory descriptors to evaluate the
influence of grape maturity and maceration technique (grape skin contact) on the
astringency sub-qualities of red vinifera wines from Niagara. The grapes were harvested
across two dates, representing an early harvest and a late harvest. A portion of the Cabernet Sauvignon grapes wine was divided into three maceration treatments of oneweek
maceration, standard two-week maceration, three-week maceration, and MCM.
Another portion of both the early and late harvest Cabernet Sauvignon grapes were
chaptalized to yield a final ethanol concentration of 14.5%. The wines were assessed
sensorially and thirteen terms were identified, through panel discussion, to describe the
mouth-feel and taste qualities: carbon dioxide, pucker, acidity, silk/chamois,
dusty/chalky/powdery, sandpaper, numbing, grippy/adhesive, dry, mouthcoat, bitter,
balance and, overall astringency. Descriptive analysis techniques were used to train the
panel and measure the intensity of these attributes. The data revealed few significant
differences in the mouth-feel of the wines with respect to maturity; which included
differences in overall astringency and balance. There were varietal differences between
Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, and Pinot Noir and differences for Cabernet
Sauvignon wines due to the length and manner of maceration and as a result of
chaptalization. Statistical analysis revealed a more complex mouth-feel for the Pinot
Noir wines; and an increase in the intensity of the astringent sub-qualities as a result of
the addition of sugar to the wines. These findings have implications for how processing
decisions, such as optimum grape maturity and vinification methods may affect red wine
quality.


title: Bone properties and skeletal maturity in adolescent males, as assessed by quantitative ultrasound

subject:
Bones
Musculoskeletal system

abstract:
ABSTRACT
Background:
Previous studies have implied that weight-bearing, intense and prolonged
physical activities optimize bone accretion during the grow^ing years. The
majority of past inquiries have used dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to
examine bone strength and hand-wrist radiography to determine skeletal
maturity in children. Recently, quantitative ultrasound (QUS) technologies have
been developed to examine bone properties and skeletal maturity in a safe, noninvasive
and cost-effective manner.
Objective:
The purpose of this study was to compare bone properties and skeletal
maturity in competitive male child and adolescent athletes with minimallyactive,
age-matched controls, using QUS technology. >.
Methods:
In total, 224 males were included in the study. The 115 pre-pubertal boys
aged 10-12 years consisted of control, minimally-active children (n=34), soccer
players (n=26), gymnasts (n=25) and hockey players (n=30). In addition, the 109
late-pubertal boys aged 14-16 years consisted of control, minimally-active
adolescents (n=31), soccer players (n=30), gymnasts (n=17) and hockey players
(n=31). The athletic groups were elite level players that predominantly trained
year-round. Physical activity, nutrition and sports participation were assessed with various questionnaires. Anthropometries, such as height, weight and
relative body fat percentage (BF%) were assessed using standard measures.
Skeletal strength and age were evaluated using bone QUS. Lastly, salivary
testosterone (sT) concentration was measured using Radioimmunoassay (RIA).
Results:
Within each age group, there were no significant differences between the
activity groups in age and pubertal stage. An age effect was apparent in all
variables, as expected. A sport effect was noted in all physical characteristics:
the child and adolescent gymnasts were shorter and lighter than other sports
groups. Adiposity was greater in the controls and in the hockey players. All
child subjects were pubertal stage (fanner) I or II, while adolescent subjects were
pubertal stage IV or V. There were no differences in daily energy and mineral
intakes between sports groups. In both age groups, gymnasts had a higher
training volume than other athletic groups. Bone speed of sound (50s) was
higher in adolescents compared with the children. Gymnasts had signifieantly
higher radial 50S than controls, hockey and soccer players in both age cohorts.
Hockey athletes also had higher radial 50S than controls and soccer players in
the child and adolescent groups, respectiyely. Child gymnasts and soccer
players had greater tibial 50S compared with the hockey players and control
groups. Likewise, adolescent gymnasts and soccer players had higher tibial SoS compared with the control group. No interaction was apparent between age and
type of activity in any of the bone measures. »
Lastly, maturity as assessed by sT and secondary sex characteristics (Tanner
stage) was not different between sports group within each age group. Despite
the similarity in chronological age, androgen levels and sexual maturity,
differences between activity groups were noted in skeletal maturity. In the
younger group, hockey players had the highest bone age while the soccer players
had the lowest bone age. In the adolescent group, gymnasts and hockey players
were characterized by higher skeletal maturity compared with controls. An
interaction between the age and sport type effects was apparent in skeletal
maturity, reflecting the fact that among the children, the soccer players were
significantly less mature than the rest of the groups, while in the adolescents, the
controls were the least skeletally mature.
Summary and Conclusions:
In summary, radial and tibial SOS are enhanced by the unique loading
pattern in each sport (i.e, upper and lower extremities in gymnastics, lower
extremities in soccer), with no cumulative effect between childhood and
adolescence. That is, the effect of sport participation on bone SOS was apparent
already among the young athletes. Enhanced bone properties among athletes of
specific sports suggest that participation in these sports can improve bone
strength and potential bone health.


title: Expression and function of endothelin and its receptors in vascular adventitial fibroblasts

subject:
Endothelins
Cardiovascular agents.

abstract:
Objective: The adventitia has been recognized to play important roles in vascular
oxidative stress, remodelling and contraction. We recently demonstrated that adventitial
fibroblasts are able to express endothelin-1 (ET-1) in response to angiotensin II (ANG II).
However, the mechanisms by which ANG II induces ET-1 expression are unknown. It is
also unclear whether the ET-1 receptors are expressed in the adventitia. We therefore
examined the role of oxidative stress in the regulation of ET-1. We also investigated the
expression of both the ETA and ETB receptors and the roles of these two types of
receptors in collagen synthesis and ET-1 clearance in adventitial fibroblasts.
Methods and Results: Adventitial fibroblasts were isolated and cultured from the
thoracic mouse aorta. Cells were treated with ANG II (lOOnM), ET-1 (lOpM), NADPH
oxidase inhibitor apocynin (lOOfiM), the superoxide anion scavenger tempol (lOOfiM),
the ANG II receptor antagonists (100[aM), losartan (AT| receptor) and PD 1233 19 (AT2
receptor), the ET-1 receptor antagonists (lOOuM), BQ123 (ETA receptor) and BQ788
(ETB receptor), and the ETB receptor agonist (lOOnM) Sarafotoxin 6C. ET-1 peptide
levels were determined by ELISA, while ETA ,ETB and collagen levels were determined
by Western blot.
ANG II increased ET-1 peptide levels in a time-dependent manner reaching
significance when incubated for 24 hours. NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor, apocynin, as well
as the superoxide scanverger, tempol, significantly reduced ANG Il-induced ET-1
peptide levels while over-expression of SOD1 (endogenous antioxidant enzyme)
significantly decreased ANG Il-induced collagen I expression, therefore implicating
reactive oxygen species in the mediation of ET-1. ANG II increased ETA receptor protein
as well as collagen in a similar fashion, reaching significance after 4, 6, and 24 hours
treatment. ANG II induced collagen was reduced while in the presence of the ETA
receptor antagonist suggesting the role of the ETa receptor in the regulation of the
extracellular matrix. ANG II treatment also increased ETB receptor protein levels in a
time-dependent manner. ANG II treatment in the presence of the ETB receptor antagonist
significantly increased ET-1 peptide levels. On another hand, the ETB receptor agonist,
Sarafotoxin 6C, significantly decreased ET-1 peptide levels. These data implicate the role
of the ETb receptor in the clearance of the ET-1 peptide.
Conclusion: ANG II-induced increases of ET-1 peptide appears to be mediated by
reactive oxygen species derived from NAD(P)H oxidase. Both the ETA and ETB receptors
are expressed in adventitial fibroblasts. The ETA receptor subtype mediates collagen I
expression, while the ETB receptor may play a protective role through increasing the
clearance of the ET- 1 peptide.


title: Diffusion Monte Carlo study of electronic properties for H and Be atoms /

subject:
Monte Carlo method.
Algorithms.

abstract:
We examined three different algorithms used in diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) to study
their precisions and accuracies in predicting properties of isolated atoms, which are H
atom ground state, Be atom ground state and H atom first excited state.
All three algorithms — basic DMC, minimal stochastic reconfiguration DMC, and
pure DMC, each with future-walking, are successfully impletmented in ground state
energy and simple moments calculations with satisfactory results. Pure diffusion Monte
Carlo with future-walking algorithm is proven to be the simplest approach with the
least variance.
Polarizabilities for Be atom ground state and H atom first excited state are not satisfactorily
estimated in the infinitesimal differentiation approach. Likewise, an approach
using the finite field approximation with an unperturbed wavefunction for the latter
system also fails. However, accurate estimations for the a-polarizabilities are obtained
by using wavefunctions that come from the time-independent perturbation theory.
This suggests the flaw in our approach to polarizability estimation for these difficult
cases rests with our having assumed the trial function is unaffected by infinitesimal
perturbations in the Hamiltonian.


title: The effects of R(+)-lipoic acid supplementation on regulation of human skeletal muscle pyruvate dehydrogenase

subject:
Glucose
Muscles
Thioctic acid.
Pyruvate kinase.
Musculoskeletal system.

abstract:
This thesis investigated whole body glucose disposal and the adaptive changes in
skeletal muscle carbohydrate metabolism following 28 d of supplementation with 1000
mg R(+)-lipoic acid in young sedentary males (age, 22.1 ± 0.67 yr, body mass, 78.7 ±
10.3 kg, n=9). In certain individuals, lipoic acid decreased the 180-min area under the
glucose concentration and insulin concentration curve during an oral glucose tolerance
test (OGTT) (n=4). In the same individuals, lipoic acid supplementation decreased
pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase activity (PDK) (0.09 ± 0.024 min"^ vs. 0.137 ± 0.023
min'\ n=4). The fasting levels of the activated form of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDHa)
were decreased following lipoic acid (0.42 ± 0.13 mmol-min'kg'^ vs. 0.82 ± 0.32
mmolrnin'^kg"\ n=4), yet increased to a greater extent during the OGTT (1.21 ± 0.34
mmol-min'kg"' vs. 0.81 ±0.13 mmolmin"'kg'\ n=4) following hpoic acid
supplementation. No changes were demonstrated in the remaining subjects (n=5). It was
concluded that improved glucose clearance during an OGTT following lipoic acid
supplementation is assisted by increased muscle glucose oxidation through increased
PDHa activation and decreased PDK activity in certain individuals.


title: Ultrasonic attenuation in layered superconductors /

subject:
Ultrasonic waves
Superconductors.
Superconductivity.

abstract:
We study the ultrasonic attenuation in layered superconductors using the Green's function
formalism. General expressions are derived analytically and then calculated numerically
by taking the nearest and next-nearest interactions in a disordered layered superconductor
with random hoppings. Our results show huge anisotropics of ultrasonic attenuation in the
superconductors and the strong dependence of ultrasonic attenuation on the temperature
and the direction of polarization of the sound wave.


title: Validation of ice skating protocol to predict aerobic power in hockey players

subject:
Hockey
Hockey players
Respiration

abstract:
Validation ofan Ice Skating Protocol to Predict Aerobic Power in Hockey Players
In assessing the physiological capacity of ice hockey players, researchers have
often reported the outcomes from different anaerobic skate tests, and the general physical
fitness of participants. However, with respect to measuring the aerobic power of ice
hockey players, few studies have reported a sport-specific protocol, and currently there is
a lack of cohort-specific information describing aerobic power based on evaluations
using an on-ice protocol.
The Faught Aerobic Skating Test (FAST) uses an on-ice continuous skating
protocol to induce a physical stress on a participant's aerobic energy system. The FAST
incorporates the principle of increasing workloads at measured time intervals during a
continuous skating exercise. Regression analysis was used to determine the estimate of
aerobic power within gender and age level. Data were collected on 532 hockey players,
(males=384, females=148) ranging in age between 9 and 25 years. Participants
completed a laboratory test to measure aerobic power using a modified Bruce protocol,
and the on-ice FAST.
Regression equations were developed for six male and female, age-specific
cohorts separately. The most consistent predictors were weight and final stage completed
on the FAST. These results support the application of the FAST to estimate aerobic
power among hockey players with R^ values ranging from 0.174 to 0.396 and SEE
ranging from 5.65 to 8.58 ml kg' min'' depending on the cohort. Thus we conclude that
FAST to be an accurate predictor of aerobic power in age and gender-specific hockey
playing cohorts.


title: Determinants of left ventricular mass as measured by Doppler echocardiography in pre-adolescents

subject:
Heart
Heart
Heart
Child development.
Children
Doppler echocardiography.

abstract:
This study examined factors contributing to the differences in left ventricular mass as
measured by Doppler echocardiography in children. Fourteen boys (10.3 ± 0.3 years of
age) and 1 1 girls (10.5 ± 0.4 years of age) participated in the study.
Height and weight were measured, and relative body fat was determined from the
measurement of skinfold thickness according to Slaughter et al. (1988). Lean Body Mass
was then calculated by subtracting the fat mass from the total body mass. Sexual
maturation was self-assessed using the stages of sexual maturation by Tanner (1962).
Both pubic hair development and genital (penis or breast for boys and girls respectively)
development were used to determine sexual maturation. Carotid Pulse pressure was
assessed by applanation tomometry in the left carotid artery. Cardiac mass was measured
by Doppler Echocardiography. Images of cardiac structures were taken using B-Mode
and were then translated to M- Mode. The dimensions at the end diastole were obtained
at the onset of the QRS complex of the electrocardiogram in a plane through a standard
position. Measurements included: (a) the diameter of the left ventricle at the end diastole
was measured from the septum edge to the endocardium mean border, (b) the posterior
wall was measured as the distance from to anterior wall to the epicardium surface, and (c)
the interventricular septum was quantified as the distance from the surface of the left
ventricle border to the right ventricle septum surface. Systolic time measurements were
taken at the peak of the T-wave of the electrocardiogram. Each measurement was taken
three to five times before averaging. Average values were used to calculate cardiac mass
using the following equation (Deveraux et al. 1986). Weekly physical activity metabolic equivalent was calculated using a standardize activity questionnaire (Godin and Shepard,
1985) and peakV02 was measured on a cycloergometer.
There were no significant differences in cardiovascular mesurements between
boys and girls. Left ventricular mass was correlated (p<0.05) with size, maturation,
peakV02 and physical activity metabolic equivalent. In boys, lean body mass alone
explained 36% of the variance in left ventricular mass while weight was the single
strongest predictor of left ventricular mass (R =0.80) in girls. Lean body mass, genital
developemnt and physical activity metabolic equivalent together explained 46% and 81%
in boys and girls, respectively. However, the combination of lean body mass, genital
development and peakV02 (ml kgLBM^ min"') explained up to 84% of the variance in left
ventricular mass in girls, but added nothing in boys.
It is concluded that left ventricular mass was not statistically different between
pre-adolescent boys and girls suggesting that hormonal, and therefore, body size changes
in adolescence have a main effect on cardiac development and its final outcome.
Although body size parameters were the strongest correlates of left ventricular mass in
this pre-adolescent group of children, to our knowledge, this is the first study to report
that sexual maturation, as well as physical activity and fitness, are also strong associated
with left ventricular mass in pre-adolescents, especially young females. Arterial
variables, such as systolic blood pressure and carotid pulse pressure, are not strong
determinants of left ventricular mass in this pre-adolescent group. In general, these data
suggest that although there is no gender differences in the absolute values of left
ventricular mass, as children grow, the factors that determine cardiac mass differ between
the genders, even in the same pre-adolescent age.


title: Behavioural and neural correlates of operant conditioning in Lymnaea stagnalis : role of previous experience during development /

subject:
Operant conditioning.
Lymnaea stagnalis.
Paired-association learning.
Neural networks (Neurobiology)

abstract: The freshwater mollusc Lymnaea stagnalis was utilized in this study to further the understanding of how network properties change as a result of associative learning, and to determine whether or not this plasticity is dependent on previous experience during development. The respiratory and neural correlates of operant conditioning were first determined in normally reared Lymnaea. The same procedure was then applied to differentially reared Lymnaea, that is, animals that had never experienced aerial respiration during their development. The aim was to determine whether these animals would demonstrate the same responses to the training paradigm. In normally reared animals, a behavioural reduction in aerial respiration was accompanied by numerous changes within the neural network. Specifically, I provide evidence of changes at the level of the respiratory central pattern generator and the motor output. In the differentially reared animals, there was little behavioural data to suggest learning and memory. There were, however, significant differences in the network parameters, similar to those observed in normally reared animals. This demonstrated an effect of operant conditioning on differentially reared animals. In this thesis, I have identified additional correlates of operant conditioning in normally reared animals and provide evidence of associative learning in differentially reared animals. I conclude plasticity is not dependent on previous experience, but is rather ontogenetically programmed within the neural network.


title: The capillary supply of human skeletal muscle in health and disease

subject:
Capillaries
Muscles
Muscle contraction
Muscles

abstract:
BACKGROUND: Capillaries function to provide a surface area for nutrient and waste exchange
with cells. The capillary supply of skeletal muscle is highly organized, and therefore, represents
an excellent choice to study factors regulating diffusion. Muscle is comprised of three specific
fibre types, each with specific contractile and metabolic characteristics, which influence the
capillary supply of a given muscle; in addition, both environmental and genetic factors influence
the capillary supply, including aging, physical training, and various disease processes.
OBJECTIVE: The present study was undertaken to develop and assess the functionality of a
data base, from which virtual experiments can be conducted on the capillary supply of human
muscle, and the adaptations of the capillary bed in muscle to various perturbations.
METHODS: To create the database, an extensive search of the literature was conducted using
various search engines, and the three key words - "capillary, muscle, and human". This search
yielded 169 papers from which the data for the 46 variables on the capillary supply and fibre
characteristics of muscle were extracted for inclusion in the database. A series of statistical
analyses (ANOVA) were done on the capillary database to examine differences in skeletal
muscle capillarization and fibre characteristics between young and old individuals, between
healthy and diseased individuals, and between untrained, endurance trained, endurance welltrained,
and resistance trained individuals, using SAS. RESULTS: There was a significantly
higher capillarization in the young compared to the old individuals, in the healthy compared to
the diseased individuals, and in the endurance-trained and endurance well-trained compared to
the untrained individuals. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study support the conclusion
that the capillary supply of skeletal muscle is closely regulated by factors aimed at optimizing
oxygen and nutrient supply and/or waste removal in response to changes in muscle mass and/or
metabolic activity.


title: Investigations towards the synthesis of isotope labelled analogues of tocopherols and tocotrienols /

subject:
Vitamin E
Vitamin E

abstract:
Vitamin E is considered as the most effective lipophilic chain breaking
antioxidant. a-Tocopherol and its analogues have been studied thoroughly with
regards to its biokinetics and bioavailabily. Deuterated tocopherols have been
synthesized and utilized in such studies. Tocotrienols are arousing more and more
interest because of their high efficiency as antioxidants. However, to date, there is no
effective synthetic method reported for deuterated tocotrienols.
This thesis is focused on the investigation of the synthetic methods of deuterated
tocotrienols and their analogues: 5-trideuteromethyl-a-tocotrienol, 5-
trideuteromethyl-p-tocotrienol, tocotrienol acetate, silyl tocotrienol ether,
etc. Several synthetic procedures for the preparation of poly-deuterated tocopherols
are known. Mainly the deuterium is introduced by use of labelled formaldehyde and
deuterated hydrogen chloride under Lewis acid catalysis. However, these methods are
not effective in tocotrienols due to exchange of protons for deuterium at other sites
under the acidic conditions. We developed several different approaches to generate
polydeuterated tocotrienols by using both morpholinomethylation followed by
reduction with NaCNBDs as deuterated reducing reagents and transmetalation
strategy. The 5-trideuteromethyl-a-tocotrienol was finally obtained in a satisfactory
yield of 60%. In addition, this thesis also discussed the study of structural
comparison and the chemical property difference of tocopherols and tocotrienols,
which provides hints to explain the reactivity difference of them towards oxidation at
the C3-C4 positions.Furthermore, the methodology of halogenation and dehydrohalogenation of
tocotrienol was explored to prepare a hexaene tocotrienol derivative as a florescent
reporter of tocopherol.


title: Does altering brachial artery tone with lower-body negative pressure and flow-mediated dilation affect arterial stiffness?

subject: Arm Blood-vessels Blood-vessels

abstract:
Although medium sized, muscular vessels normally respond to sympathetic stimulation
by reducing compliance, it is unclear whether the large brachial artery is similarly
affected by sympathetic stimulation induced via lower-body negative pressure (LBNP).
Similarly, the impact of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) on brachial artery compliance and
distensibility remains unresolved, hi addition, before such measures can be used as
prognostic tools, it is important to investigate the reliability and repeatability of both
techniques. Using a randomized order design, the effects of LBNP and FMD on the
mechanical properties of the brachial artery were examined in nine healthy male subjects
(mean age 24y). Non-invasive Doppler ultrasound and a Finometer were used to measure
simultaneously the variation in systolic and diastolic diameter, and brachial blood
pressure, respectively. These values were used to calculate compliance and distensibility
values at baseline, and during both LBNP and FMD. The within-day and between-day
repeatability of arterial diameter, compliance, distensibility, and FMD measures were
assessed using the error coefficient and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). While
heart rate (P<0.01) and peripheral resistance increased during LBNP (P<0.05), forearm
blood flow and pulse pressure decreased (P<0.01). hi terms of mechanical properties,
vessel diameters decreased (P<0.05), but both compliance and distensibility were not
changed. On the other hand, FMD resulted in a significant increase in diameter
(P<0.001), with no change in compliance or distensibility. hi summary, LBNP and FMD
do not appear to alter brachial artery compliance or distensibility in young, healthy males.
Whereas measures ofFMD were not found to be repeatable between days, the ICC
indicated that compliance and distensibility were repeatable only within-day.


title: The impact of scheduling on the implementation of the new Ontario curriculum: teachers' perceptions /

subject:
Education, Secondary
Education
Schedules, School

abstract:
This qualitative study explored secondary teachers' perceptions of scheduling
in relation to pedagogy, curriculum, and observation of student learning. Its objective
was to determine the best way to organize the scheduling for the delivery of Ontario's
new 4-year curriculum. Six participants were chosen. Two were teaching in a
semestered timetable, 1 in a traditional timetable, and 3 had experience in both
schedules. Participants related a pressure cooker "lived experience" with weaker
students in the semester system experiencing a particularly harsh environment. The
inadequate amount of time for review in content-heavy courses, gap scheduling
problems, catch-up difficulties for students missing classes, and the fast pace of
semestering are identified as factors negatively impacting on these students.
Government testing adds to the pressure by shifting teachers' time and attention in the
classroom from deeper learning to a superficial coverage of material, from curriculum
as lived to curriculum as text to be covered. Scheduling choice should be available in
public education to accommodate the needs of all students. Curriculum guidelines
need to be revamped to reflect the content that teachers believe is necessary for a
successful course delivery. Applied level courses need to be developed for students
who are not academically inferior but learn differently.


title: Conversations with EFL teachers: toward an understanding of whiteness in the classroom /

subject:
English language
Multicultural education.
Intercultural communication.

abstract:
Few teachers would question that teaching is a contextual and situational process,
yet as Gay (2000) reminds us, too few teachers have sufficient knowledge of how
teaching practices reflect dominant cultural values. This qualitative study explored
whiteness in the EFL classroom and the relation between teacher identity and pedagogy.
This research was shaped by the overarching research questions: How does being white
influence teachers' educational practices? How can teachers successfully negotiate crosscultural
teaching?
Data included open-ended interviews, a content analysis of EFL training
materials, and my research and personal journals. The experiences of five EFL teachers
form the central focus of this study. My personal story, as a white EFL teacher, is also
included throughout this thesis.
This study offers a detailed description of the complex and dynamic ways in
which these five teachers understood their racial identities, and the classroom decisions
they made in response to their understandings. Included in the discussion are the
strategies that my participants and I used to subtly resist the notion and exploration of
racial privilege. Implications for teacher education programs and possible directions for
further study are offered.


title: Perceptions of creativity in a fashion design course /

subject:
Creative thinking
Creative thinking
Creation (Literary, artistic, etc.)
Creation (Literary, artistic, etc.)

abstract:
Creativity is important to the growth and development of society, to educational
institutions, and to the personal growth of individuals. Students who are aware of their
creativity are assumed to have innovative ideas and fresh insights. Limited research has
been conducted to see if students can identify their own creative abilities. In this study, I
explored the students' perceptions and experiences in a fashion design course. This study
documented the creative journey from the concept stage of an apparel collection to the
final product.
Participants were asked to reflect and document their creative moments, describe
a creative process, and identify a creative environment. The participants were students
who were enrolled in a fashion design course and were asked to participate in this study
because they experienced all stages of the design process. Data were collected through
personal reflection surveys, focus groups, and personal interviews. Themes of creative
moments that emerged from this study were experiences that the participants had as they
proceeded through the stages of the fashion design process.
All of the participants identified a creative process, but the stages varied for each
participant The participants identified themes related to promoting creativity in an
environment, including the atmosphere, creative people, teachers, reflection, student
needs, and assignments. The participants identified potential barriers in an environment,
including rules and guidelines, teachers, the classroom, deadlines and time, feedback, and
other important issues.
The results ofthis study suggest that there needs to be a better understanding of
creativity and greater support and encouragement for creativity in the classroom.
Instructors need to support environments that are conducive to creative development and
lead to effective learning for students. Students need to learn how to enhance their
creativity as well as understand the barriers that block their creative development.


title: Improving the oral health status of functionally independent and dependent seniors residing in long-term care facilities through dental hygiene education /

subject:
Dental health education.
Older people
Long-term care facilities

abstract:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the oral health status of residents
residing in 2 long-term care facilities and determine if dental hygiene education was
required in order to improve their current oral health. The oral health status of 6
independent and 4 dependent individuals residing in 2 long-term care facilities was
evaluated. In addition, the current oral health and disease prevention practices employed
by 4 caregivers who were responsible for providing oral care to dependent residents in
the long-term care facilities were evaluated. Furthermore, an evaluation of the oral care
practices of independent residents who were responsible for providing their own care was
conducted. Finally, the challenges that caregivers and independent residents faced when
performing oral care were determined, and methodological changes were proposed.
Using a generic qualitative research methodology, data collection was comprised
of semi structured interviews, field observations, and documentation. The oral health
status of the residents was reevaluated 3 months later. The findings of this study
demonstrated an increase in plaque accumulation, gingival inflammation, and unhealthy
gingival tissue colour changes among the residents over the 3-month period. The study
revealed that poor oral health among the residents was a result of inadequate oral hygiene
care techniques, difficulties accessing oral health care, financial limitations, insufficient
care staff, insufficient time for personal care duties, lack of professional development,
minimal interprofessional collaboration of health disciplines, and lack of perseverance on
the part of the caregivers and residents.
Overall, oral health is essential, and maintaining optimal oral health requires
increased collaboration and communication between health care providers.


title: Teaching media literacy skills about commercials: a comparative analysis of media literacy instruction /

subject:
Media literacy
Mass media and education.
Television advertising and children.

abstract:
In this study, methods of media literacy instruction including analytic
activities, production activities, and a combination of analytic and production
activities were compared to determine their influence on grade 8 students'
knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours towards commercials. The findings showed
that media literacy instruction does improve media literacy skills. Specifically,
activities that included an analytic component or an analytic and production
component were significantly better than activities that included a production
component. Participants that completed analytic or analytic and production
activities were able to discern media-related terms, target audience, selling
techniques, social values, and stereotypes in commercials better than participants
that completed only production activities. The research findings also showed
obstacles when teaching media literacy. When engaged in analytic activities, the
difficulties included locating suitable resources, addressing the competition from
commercials, encouraging written reflection, recognizing social values, and
discussing racial stereotypes. When engaged in production activities, the
difficulties were positioning recording stations, managing group work, organizing
ideas, filming the footage, computer issues, and scheduling time. Strategies to
overcome these obstacles are described.


title: Legal education in crisis: healing and humanizing Canadian law schools /

subject:
Educational change
Law schools
Law schools

abstract:
Western law schools are suffering from an identity and moral crisis. Many of the
legal profession's problems can be traced to the law school environment, where students
are taught to reason and practice in ways that are often at odds with their own
personalities and values and even with generally accepted psychologically healthy
practices. The idealism, ethic of care, and personal moral compasses of many students
become eroded and even lost in the present legal education system. Formalism,
rationalism, elitism, and big business values have become paramount. In such a moment
of historical crisis, there exists the opportunity to create a new legal education story.
This paper is a conceptual study of both my own Canadian legal education and the
general legal education experience. It examines core problems and critiques of the
existing Western legal education organizational and pedagogical paradigm to which
Canadian law schools adhere. New approaches with the potential to enrich, humanize,
and heal the Canadian law school experience are explored. Ultimately, the paper proposes
a legal education system that is more interdisciplinary, theoretically and practically
integrated, emotionally intelligent, technologically connected, morally accountable,
spiritual, and humane. Specific pedagogical and curricular strategies are suggested, and
recommendations for the future are offered.
The dehumanizing aspects of the law school experience in Canada have rarely
been studied. It is hoped that this thesis will fill a gap in the research and provide some
insight into an issue that is of both academic and public importance, since the well-being
of law students and lawyers affects the interests of their clients, the general public, and
the integrity and future of the entire legal system.


title: Resilience factors of university and college students with learning disabilities as revealed through retrospective interviews /

subject:
Resilience (Personality trait)
People with mental disabilities

abstract:
This qualitative study examined resilience factors of eight university and college
students with learning disabilities as revealed through retrospective interviews. This
study has added to the existing literature surrounding resilience especially as it relates to
individuals with learning disabilities. This study may provide additional insight into the
emotional impacts of repeated and chronic risks on students with learning disabilities.
The major themes that emerged using the interpretive phenomenological analysis method
(Smith & Osborn, 2003) were organized under these four major headings: Challenges and
Obstacles, Surviving Challenges, Supportive Conditions, and A Journey of Discovery
and Hope. An adaptation of the listening guide analytical method (Gilligan, Spencer,
Weinberg, & Bertsch, 2003) was also utilized and offered a more personal depiction of
the participants and an exploration of the unique contributions their stories made to this
study. Specifically, a theme of feeling trapped/wanting to escape emerged as a reaction
to adversity faced during elementary school years. Furthennore, this study has
demonstrated that for several of the participants, the benefits of positive outlets extended
beyond nurturing areas of strength and self-esteem to also include the provision of a short
respite from their challenges and enhanced feelings of overall well-being. Additionally,
this study may add to the existing literature surrounding character traits evident in
resilient students, specifically highlighting the significance of optimism and selfacceptance.


title: The genetics of glucosamine resistance in yeast

publisher: St. Catharines [Ont.] : Dept. of Biological Sciences, Brock University,

subject:
Yeast.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae.


title: The analysis of humour

subject: Wit and humor.

abstract:
INTRODUCTION
Theories of humour are traditionally divided
into two classes: superiority or relief theories,
and incongruity or ambiguity theories. As their
names imply, the former tend to ascribe amusement
primarily to a particular attitude of mind, while
the latter account for it by describing its objects
as having a particular quality.
Enjoyment as an attitude is always a response
to an object present to the mind or feelings. If,
then, enjoyment in amusement is identical with
feelings of superiority or relief, its objects
must always display characteristics of inferiority
or inhibition. But the enjoyment of humour seems
to be distinguishable from a reaction to particular
kinds of topic, and from any personal relation felt
between the subject and the objects of his amusement.
Incongruity theories do not explicitly ascribe
the enjoyment of humour to a particular range of
topics.