title: Sedimentation models for glacial deltaic successions in the Thunder Bay area

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subject: Geology Ontario Thunder Bay Region

subject: Deltas Ontario Thunder Bay Region

subject: Sedimentation and deposition Ontario Thunder Bay Region

abstract:
The comparison of three mapped successions in northern Ontario to glacial deltas
reviewed in the literature results in the definition of four end-member depositional
environments for glacial deltaic sedimentation. Similar processes of sedimentation occur
within two main glacial delta types, distal-fed, and ice-contact. Distal-fed deltas divide into
nonglacial and ice-influenced. The other two end member types defined are subglacial and
supraglacial ice-contact deltas.
Fine-grained laminated beds sedimented by interflows and overflows, as well as diamict
and subaqueous outwash deposits underlie the glacial deltaic sequences. The prodelta region
consists of multiple reverse-graded beds, massive units, and laminated sediments deposited
from interflows and overflows, and minor rippled units indicating intermittent underflows.
Within the delta front underflows deposited rippled and graded units, and occasionally planar
cross-stratified units were sedimented by grainflows. The delta plain contains trough cross-stratified
sands and gravels which infill multiple distributary channels. Dropstone deposition
was restricted to the prodelta and delta front regions of ice-influenced distal-fed deltas, and
ice-contact deltas.
Distributary mouth bars, large scale cyclic sedimentation, subaqueous outwash systems
overlain by a glacial deltaic sequence, multiple processes of sedimentation within the delta
front, and reworking of glaciogenic deposits have not previously been documented in glacial
deltaic systems. These deposits and processes, as well as the inability to define the strandline
position indicate glacial deltaic systems are complex.


title: Gendering the muse : reinscriptions of patriarchal authority and the delegitimization of female authorship in selected Stephen King works

subject:
King, Stephen, 1949-
Masculinity

abstract: This thesis examines representations of masculinity and authority in selected Stephen Kings works: On Writing: A Memoir of the Craft, Bag of Bones, Misery, and The Tommyknockers. These texts reinscribe writing and authority as inherently male traits, while passivity and domesticity are associated with femininity. The thesis focused on King's representations of women and male authors in three different areas.


title: Alexander Morris and the Saulteaux : the context and making of treaty three, 1869-73

subject: Ojibwa Indians Canada Treaties

subject: Ojibwa Indians Canada Government relations

abstract:
The primary purpose of this thesis is to explore and analyze the circumstances
surrounding the Treaty Three agreement between the Canadian government and the
Anishinabe in 1873. The agreement is important for a number of reasons. The Anishinabe
won significant concessions from Canada that, not only led to the renegotiation of Treaties
One and Two, but set the standard for the rest of the numbered treaties across Western
Canada as well. It is helpful to remember that while most of the other numbered treaties
were signed in a matter of weeks, Treaty Three was over four years in the making. The
Anishinabe realized the value of their land and insisted on key demands from the Dominion
government. They remained committed to their basic position from 1869 when they first
issued a copy of their demands to the Canadian government until 1873 when they finally
signed Treaty Three. These demands went far beyond what Indian agents were commissioned
by the Canadian cabinet to agree to. The Anishinabe realized this and held up the talks until
they could negotiate with a representative of the Queen, who they believed had the authority
to deal with their demands. In 1873, they received such an individual in Alexander Morris,
the Lieutenant-Governor of Manitoba and the North-West Territories. The Anishinabe could
not have realized at the time that Morris’ instructions were as narrow as the other
representatives who had earlier attempted to negotiate a treaty with them.
It is not surprising that Morris has received much of the credit for negotiating Treaty
Three which had eluded the Canadian government since the Riel Resistance. However, a
careful examination of the available evidence suggests that the agreement was made possible
by the work of Simon Dawson and his associates Richard Pither and Nicholas Chatelain on
one hand and James McKay and other Metis leaders of the Red River community who accompanied Morris to Lake of the Woods in 1873. This paper argues that it was a
combination of these two factors, the rank that Morris enjoyed in the eyes of the Anishinabe
and the role played Dawson, McKay and the rest of the Canadian negotiating team that led to
the successful agreement in 1873.
In the 1870’s, Canadian officials referred to the Anishinabe as the Saulteaux. There is
no evidence available that suggests that they ever called themselves by this term.
Nevertheless, all of the primary and many of the secondary sources use the word Saulteaux,
so, for sake of consistency and in order to avoid confusion, I have decided to use it
throughout this paper.


title: Community and conflict : a study of the working class and its relationships at the Canadian Lakehead, 1903-1913

subject:
labour history
Thunder Bay
Lakehead
working class
middle class

abstract: Labour history is frequently equated with the internal workings of trade unions and radical parties in isolation from the society on which they are based.  This paper treats these institutions as important, though not the sole expressions of working class activity.  It discusses reactions to labour unrest and industrial conflict from within the working class, and from without, and the effect of these reactions on community relationships. This paper demonstrates how the relationship of the working class with the middle class changed from one of amity in 1903 to one of hostility in 1913, and that this came about in two ways: (1) through the changing relationships of the principle sub-groupings within the working class, organized labour, the immigrant communities, and the radical parties; and, (2) through changes in middle class attitudes brought about by reactions to this first development and by changes in the local economy.  The primary catalyst for change was violence which occurred in four labour disputes during the period.  In examining the source of violence and the means of its suppression,  the paper will argue that while cultural conditioning influenced the actions and attitudes of those involved, the nature of their class relationships was the decisive factor.


title: Early evidence of maize (Zea mays ssp. mays) and beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) on the northern plains : an examination of Avonlea cultural materials (AD 300-1100)

contributor:
Boyd, Matthew
Hamilton, Scott
Varney, Tamara

subject:
Paleo-Indians
Food
Prairie provinces
Ethnobotany
Native Peoples

abstract:
The goal of this thesis is to reconstruct the plant component of paleodiet for the Avonlea complex (AD 300 – 1100 BP), an early ceramic-producing culture on the Northern Plains. Avonlea peoples have been assumed by archaeologists to subsist exclusively off of wild plant and animal (bison) resources. However, elsewhere on the Great Plains, this time period witnessed a dramatic increase in the use of domesticated plants such as maize, beans, and squash. In addition to identifying consumption of wild plants, this thesis will examine the extent to which these cultigens were incorporated into Avonlea diet.
The plant component of Avonlea palaeodiet is reconstructed through analysis of starch and phytoliths from carbonized and non-carbonized food residue. This sample set included 21 ceramic vessels, 7 stone artifacts, and 3 soil samples obtained from eight Avonlea sites located in Manitoba and Saskatchewan. In addition to archaeological food residues, starch assemblages from 45 modern plant specimens were also examined to enable identification of previously unidentifiable wild and domesticated plant taxa.


title: The outcomes and effectiveness of two self-disclosure techniques

contributor:
Evans, James
McLeod, Hugh

subject: Self-disclosure

abstract: It has been shown that there is a dyadic effect in regard to self-disclosure. This dyadic effect refers to the fact that the more one says about one's self the more another person is likely to say about their self. Two different techniques for creating this dyadic effect have been demonstrated. These techniques are modelling and using self-disclosure as reinforcement. The present study compared the effectiveness of these two techniques in eliciting self-disclosure.


title: A comparison between the sustainable management plans: The Menominee Forest vs. Algonquin Provincial Park

subject:
Menominee Forest
Algonquin Provincial Park
Indigenous involvement on management
Sustainable practices for forestry
Sustainable management plans (forestry)

abstract:
This is a comparison between the sustainable management plans of the
Menominee Forest and Algonquin Provincial Park. The importance of this thesis is to
underline the importance of the attaining the most sustainable means of management
with impending climate change. The comparison is a comprehensive way to lay out
information and make decisions based on facts. This comparison is based on the state of
the historic forest versus the current day forest, which is further sub-divided into
vegetation, wildlife, soils, and productivity. Another topic that is discussed is the
impact of indigenous involvement on management. The conclusion of the discussion
based on those factors mentioned above, is that the Menominee Forest is the more
sustainable of the two.


title: Testing of nitride-semiconductor-based sensors for monitoring in control systems / by Hang Yu.

subject:
Semiconductors Optical properties
Automatic control
Nitrides Optical properties

abstract: "Sensors have become integrated into control system, for either mechanical, optical, chemical, or biological applications. The new materials for the sensor designing, diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS), are attractive candidates which consist of a traditional III-V, II-VI, or group IV semiconductor. Among these DMS materials, manganese Mn-doped GaN (Mn x Ga 1-x N) epitaxial films gain growing interests due to its unique magnetic, optical and chemical properties for control system intelligence sensor design. MnGaN films have been used in spintronic device applications according to its magnetic characterizations, and constructed MnGaN electrodes are of potential material for potentionmetric sensor applications since they have good performance as ion selective electrodes. Moreover, the lattice vibrations and dielectric functions of the Mn x Ga 1-x N films not only provide basic physical properties, but are also unique in their semiconductors electronic functionality: electrical and magnetic properties which allow control of electron spin as well as charge flow, making the materials ideal for spintronic applications.


title: The impact of amending forest soils with wood ash on soil organic matter attributes and associated properties

subject:
Renewable energy
Bioenergy
Forest biomass
Bioenergy production
Wood ash effect on carbon

abstract:
Wood ash, the byproduct of bioenergy production from biomass, is typically discarded
into landfills as waste. Adding ash back to soil may supply nutrients to soil that are lost through
biomass harvesting, increase soil pH, and improve site productivity, but the effects on soil
organic carbon are not well known. In Canada, there are eight wood ash experiments across the
country investigating the effects of ash addition on site productivity. In this study we measured
soil carbon concentrations and estimated stores of total soil organic carbon, sand fraction carbon,
microbial biomass carbon, hot water extractable carbon and mineralizable carbon in soils
collected from these experiments. Analyses of variance (ANOVA) were conducted to determine
the significant effect of different rates of wood ash application on each fraction. The difference
between ash application rates was analyzed using Tukeys post-hoc test. Following ANOVA, a
multivariate analysis was conducted using principal component analysis (PCA) to capture the
variables significantly contributing to the total variation in the study. Results revealed that labile
fractions were more responsive than the total carbon, but none of the measured attributes showed
consistent change across the sites with ash addition. Carbon attributes that varied significantly
(p<0.05) with wood ash addition varied across the sites and between the forest floor and mineral
soil layers. Wood ash addition had the greatest effect on microbial biomass carbon, hot water
extractable carbon and sand sized fraction carbon. There was no detrimental effect of wood ash
addition on carbon storage at any site. The effect of ash addition was also dependent on soil
texture, soil layers and the application rate. Fractions of soil organic carbon were typically more
responsive to ash addition than total carbon and may be included as indicators of soil quality.


title: A role and attribute based encryption approach to privacy and security in cloud based health services

subject:
Cloud computing
Role based access control
Cloud privacy & security
Health cloud eXchange (HCX)

abstract:
Cloud computing is a rapidly emerging computing paradigm which replaces static and expensive data centers, network and software infrastructure with dynamically scalable “cloud based” services offered by third party providers on an on-demand basis. However, with the potential for seemingly limitless scalability and reduced infrastructure costs comes new issues regarding security and privacy as processing and storage tasks are delegated to potentially untrustworthy cloud providers. For the eHealth industry this loss of control makes adopting the cloud problematic when compliance with privacy laws (such HIPAA, PIPEDA and PHIPA) is required and limits third party access to patient records.
This thesis presents a RBAC enabled solution to cloud privacy and security issues resulting from this loss of control to a potentially untrustworthy third party cloud provider, which remains both scalable and distributed. This is accomplished through four major components presented, implemented and evaluated within this thesis; the DOSGi based Health Cloud eXchange (HCX) architecture for managing and exchanging EHRs between authorized users, the Role Based Access Control as a Service (RBACaaS) model and web service providing RBAC policy enforcement and services to cloud applications, the Role Based Single Sign On (RBSSO) protocol, and the Distributed Multi-Authority Ciphertext-Policy Shared Attribute-Based Encryption (DMACPSABE) scheme for limiting access to sensitive records dependent on attributes (or roles) assigned to users. We show that when these components are combined the resulting system is both scalable (scaling at least linearly with users, request, records and attributes), secure and provides a level of protection from the cloud provider which preserves the privacy of user’s records from any third party. Additionally, potential use cases are presented for each component as well as the overall system.


title: Effects of copper, zinc and cadmium on the pigments and photosynthesis of black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P) seedlings

subject:
Black spruce seedlings
Heavy metals
Oxygen evolution

abstract:
The purpose of this study was to quantify the effects of heavy metals on pigments
and photosynthesis in four and a half month old black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.)
B.S.P.) seedlings. Photosynthetic pigment analysis by HPLC and reflectance red edge
methods were compared to chi a fluorescence and net oxygen evolution measurements to
assess their effectiveness in diagnosing plant stress. Copper, zinc and cadmium were
applied as 0, 10 and 20 mM Cu(N03)2, Zn (N03)2 and Cd(N03)2, for 214 weeks.
Response to the treatments was examined by measuring pigment content, reflectance red
edge, (see document) net oxygen evolution, net water content and needle element content. No
treatment differences were found for pigment content or red edge. In contrast, (see document) of
seedlings treated with 20 mM Cd was significantly lower than all other treatments and net
oxygen evolution decreased m metal-treated seedlings compared to untreated control
seedlings. Net water content did not differ between treatments. Needle element content
did not change, except for increases m Cu, Zn and Cd in the seedlings treated with these
elements. It was concluded that pigment content was unaffected by the treatments but
that photosynthetic efficiency (i.e. oxygen evolved) decreased. Possible explanations
include inhibition of enzyme activity by Cu2+, Zn2+ and Cd2+, or overloading of defense
mechanisms, such as phytochelatins. The use of HPLC analysis of pigments and remote
spectroradiometry may prove useful in assessing seedling quality.


title: Assertive community treatment in the District of Timiskaming and the city of Timmins : a longitudinal study of client outcomes

subject:
Community mental health services
Ontario
Timmins
District of Timiskaming
Mental illness
Treatment

abstract: Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) is a community based program designed to treat persons with serious mental illness by offering treatment and supports in a community setting rather than a hospital. Previous studies of ACT have tended to focus on outcomes regarding reduced hospitalization days and improved quality of life outcomes of ACT clients in well established programs. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of assertive community treatment on reduced hospitalization days and quality of life outcomes of clients admitted to a rural and urban ACT program using a longitudinal approach.


title: Public health program evaluation best practices within the Canadian federal government [research project]

subject: Public health Canada Evaluation

abstract:
Program evaluation findings are reported in evaluation reports as part of Treasury Board
of Canada Secretariat (TBS) funding requirements and are key information used to ensure
accountability for planned results. This project critically appraises the Public Health
Agency of Canada’s (PHAC) eight program evaluation reports for their strengths and
weaknesses - program evaluation planning, design and implementation, data collection
and analysis, and reporting - for informing public health practice. First, these reports are
appraised using a modified version of the review template obtained from the “Review of
the Quality of Evaluations Across Departments and Agencies”, developed by the TBS.
These findings are then reviewed in light of public health program evaluation guidelines
for compliance with the standards of public health evidence, as well as the current TBS
Evaluation Policy (2001) for compliance with the standards of performance reporting.
The project concludes with recommendations to advance public health program
evaluation planning, design and implementation, data collection and analysis, and
reporting in the joint context of public health practice and the Canadian federal
government accountability for performance.


title: Decolonizing actions that speak louder than words : science education through multiple lenses in Nunavut / by Marc Higgins.

contributor:
Korteweg, Lisa
Berger, Paul

subject:
Science education
Inuit youth - Education
Nunavut.
Decolonization

abstract: "Education in Nunavut, still largely based on Euro-Canadian knowledge and Western teachings, is a negative experience for many Nunavut youth - the result of cultural inappropriateness and worldview mismatch. The mismatch is one between an appropriate learning experience and the character, values, and traditions of Nunavut - and it remains especially pronounced in science education. In addressing this mismatch, I strive to decolonize both practice and practitioner by using movie camera lenses: in the first instance, to lend voice to Inuit youth's perspectives on science and, in the second instance, to turn the lens inward to address my own Eurocentric worldview and how it impacts the science education I deliver. Through this decolonizing synergy, I search to understand and deliver science education that strives to reach tenets of respectful research - to enact decolonizing actions that speak louder than words."--from abstract.


title: Distribution of Angiostrongylus vasorum and Crenosoma vulpis in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Newfoundland, Canada

contributor:
Lankester, Murray W.
Hecnar, Stephen
Rodgers, A.

subject: Red fox Parasites Newfoundland and Labrador

abstract:
Angiostrongylus vasorum, the French heartworm, and Crenosoma vulpis, a lungworm,
infect the pulmonary arteries and the bronchi and bronchioles, respectively, o f red foxes (Vulpes
vulpes). Both are widespread in Europe, but within North America the distribution of A. vasorum
is limited to the island of Newfoundland, Canada. During 2000-2002, 366 fox carcasses were
collected from 6 regions o f the island. This study is unique in being the first large-scale survey of
A. vasorum and C. vulpis in a natural fox population. Its objectives were to determine the precise
distribution o f both parasites in Newfoundland and to examine the possibility of interaction
between them.
Crenosoma vulpis occurred in all 6 regions at an overall prevalence o f 87% and a mean
intensity o f 230 ± 20.8 (mean ± S.E.). Young-of-the-year foxes had higher mean intensities (260
± 39.4) than yearlings (91 ± 31.2) or adults (78 ± 41.1) (F[2, 153] = 11.07, p < 0.001). The intensity
o f C. vulpis was not related to host sex, omental fat ratio, or body fat index. There was a weak
positive relationship between number of adult worms and output of first-stage larvae in feces (r2 =
0.199, Ff[1,135] = 34.84, p < 0.001); larval output decreased with increasing fox age (F[2,127 ] =
18.99,p< 0.001).
Angiostrongylus vasorum occurred only in the 3 southeast regions of the island; the
Avalon Peninsula, the North East Coast, and the South Coast/Burin Peninsula. Its distribution
may be limited by cold temperatures as it did not occur in areas where mean winter temperatures
were lower than -4°C . The prevalence was 56% and mean intensity 72 ± 7.6. The number of
adult worms did not differ with host age, sex, omental fat ratio, or body fat index. Although named the French heartworm, 88% of all A. vasorum were recovered from the pulmonary arteries
while the remainder were in the right ventricle. However, 78% o f infected foxes had at least one
worm in the right ventricle. Although the number of A. vasorum did not differ between the
pulmonary arteries o f the left and right lobes (F[1, 164] = 1.70, p= 0.194), there were more worms
in the arteries o f the posterior lobes (47 ± 5.4) than in the anterior (24 ± 2.5) (F[1, 161] = 13.39, p <
0.001). Also, there were no relationships between the number of A vasorum and larval output,
heart weight ratio, or ventricular ratio.
Although 40% of foxes from the A. vasorum positive regions had both A. vasorum and C.
vulpis infections, there was no interaction between the two parasites (Gc[1] = 0.10). Furthermore,
there was no linear relationship between the two parasites, and the mean intensity of each
nematode did not differ between single and dual infections.
Eight coyotes (Canis latrans) from Newfoundland were also examined. None had A.
vasorum, but 38% had C. vulpis, although the mean intensity (16 ± 10.2) was lower than that in
foxes.


title: Effect of organic carbon to nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) ratios on the performance of a novel microalgal-bacterial membrane photobioreactor

contributor:
Panu, Umed
Liao, Baoqiang

subject:
Membrane technology
Membrane fouling
Chemical oxidation demand
Sustainable wastewater treatment

abstract: Embargoed for a year (starting from 2021-11)

abstract: *Embargoed until October 2024

abstract:
This thesis aims to investigate the impact of Chemical Oxidation Demand (COD) to Nitrogen (N) ratio (COD/N) in influent on the biological and membrane performance of a
novel Microalgal-Bacterial Membrane Photobioreactor (MB-MPBR). In the meantime,
the influence of the COD/N ratio on biomass concentration, productivity and their influence on membrane fouling was studied using a well-controlled MB-MPBR receiving a
synthetic medium-strength municipal wastewater containing glucose as a carbon source
for a long term operational period (300 d). The COD/N ratio increases from 10.3:1, 13.9:1
and 16.8:1 throughout three phases of operation led to a remarkable amelioration in nutrients (N and Phosphorus (P)) removal, a COD removal was above 95% regardless of
COD/N ratio, and the membrane performance also improved. The results suggested the
capability of MB-MPBR for simultaneous removal of COD and nutrients in a single step. [...]


title: A comparison: forest fires and clear-cut harvesting impacts as disturbances within the boreal forest

subject:
Fire management strategies
Clear-cut harvesting
Fire disturbance (boreal forest)

abstract:
Clear-cut harvesting is often said to be an imitation of fires impact on the landscape
when discussing how harvesting is thought out or planned. Clear-cut harvesting and
fires have significantly different impacts on the landscape and the site. These impacts
range from different impacts on soil minerals and, soil acidity to landscape forest mosaic
management and the implications of different fire regimes across the landscape. Fire as
a disturbance is highly variable, and as such any attempt to substitute one form of Clearcut harvesting to act in its place is inadequate, alternative forms of harvesting may better
emulate fire. Further research is required in order to understand long term impacts of
logging on successional patterns and the spatial arrangement of harvests.


title: Self-esteem in learning disabled children : the role of social competence

contributor:
Schmidt, Fred
Rawana, Ed

subject:
Learning disabled children
Self-esteem in children
Social skills in children

abstract:
This study compared the self-esteem of a group
of twenty-one socially and behaviourally competent
learning disabled (LD) children, aged 8-12, with that
of a group of fifteen socially and behaviourally
competent normally achieving (NA) children. Measures
used were the Self-Perception Profile for Learning
Disabled Students (SPPLDS) and the Social Support Scale
for Children (SSSC). The hypotheses that the two groups
would not differ in the SPPLDS domains of Social
Acceptance and Global Self-Esteem were supported. The
hypothesis that the LD children would rate themselves
lower in the academic domains was partially supported,
as the LD students gave themselves lower scores than
did the NA group in Reading and Spelling, but not in
Math. The SPPLDS domain of Physical Appearance
correlated strongly with self-esteem for both groups,
as did the SSSC domain of Classmate Support. Overall,
these socially competent LD children were remarkably
similar to their NA counterparts in self-esteem, selfperceived
competencies, and sources of social support,
differing mainly in academic self-concept and
abilities.


title: Slate Falls: through memory and material

abstract:
This research addresses the last 100 to 150 years of Slate Falls First Nations’
history through the archaeological and ethnographic study of the Old Slate Falls Village.
The village site is located on North Bamaji Lake (Ontario) in the headwaters of the
Albany River. Many of the former residents of Old Slate Falls are still living and can
recollect their days spent in the old village, this allows the archaeological investigation
to be informed by the oral histories of former village residents. The project reported
herein assists the community members of Slate Falls to preserve and celebrate their
history in this location. It is through knowing one’s past, connections to the land,
understanding space and place, and the ability to trace history and lineage, that selfdetermination can be asserted. Archaeological documentation of the cabins and
structures in Old Slate Falls offers an overview of the transformation of construction
techniques, village layout, and material culture over time in response to rapid changes
defining the 20th Century. This data offers supplemental information which will be
compared to insights deriving from interviews and reminiscences about life within the
village through living memory.


title: Geology, petrology, geochemistry and platinum-group element-gold-copper-nickel ore asselmblage [i.e. assemblage] of the Roby Zone, Lac Des Iles Mafic-Ultramafic Complex, Northwestern Ontario

subject: Geology Ontario Lac des Iles Region

subject: Geochemistry Ontario Lac des Iles Region

subject: Petrology Ontario Lac des Iles Region

abstract:
The Archean Lac des lies Complex is a mafic to ultramafic intrusion emplaced into gneissic
tonalite. The Lac des lies Complex Is the largest of several mafic to ultramafic intrusions that
form a circular outcrop pattern approximately 30 kilometers In diameter. The Lac des lies
Complex is composed of two ultramafic intrusions exposed at Lac des lies and a gabbroic
intrusion located south of the lake. The gabbroic rocks contain the economically significant
Roby Zone PGE-Au-Cu-Ni deposit.
The Roby Zone deposit is composed of two texturally- and compositionally-distinct portions.
The northern portion of the deposit is composed of a relatively unaltered layered gabbroic
sequence consisting of leucogabbro, gabbronorite, gabbro and clinopyroxenite. Field data,
including the orientation and type of geolgic contacts, indicate that the layers represent an
intrusion of magma into a largely crystallized mush. In-situ fractionation was identified within
individual layers. The southern portion of the Roby Zone consists of a lithologically and
texturally complex unit containing numerous rounded and angular fragments varying in
composition from leucogabbroic to pyroxenitic and grain size ranging from medium-grained
to pegmatitic. These rocks have experienced pervasive deuteric alteration that modified the
original magmatic textures and compositions. Numerous pegmatitic dikes and patches occur
throughout the heterolithic gabbro.
PGE-Au-Cu-Ni mineralization within the northern layered sequence often forms net-textured
sulphides and represents primary magmatic mineralization. Within the heterolithic gabbro,
PGEs occur as primarily sulphides and tellurides. These PGE minerals occur as blebs within
pegmatitic pods and as fine-grained inclusions and streaks within secondary silicates suggesting that deuteric fluids have concentrated and deposited the metals within the
heterolithic gabbro. Within the southern portion of the Roby Zone, higher PGE
concentrations are associated with altered areas.
The model for the development of the Roby Zone and its attendant PGE-Au-Cu-Ni
mineralization consists of 1) fractionation of tholeiitic magma in lower magma chamber and
exsolution of immiscible sulphide liquid with associated PGE-Au-Cu-Ni, 2) intrusion of
fractionated magma into Roby Zone and subsequent in-situ fractionation, 3) prior to
complete solidification of the layers, a volatile-rich gabbroic magma injected the Roby Zone
resulting in brecciation of the layered sequence and formation of the heterolithic gabbro
composed of rounded and angular fragments within a gabbroic matrix, 4) partially solidified
rounded fragments and partial melting of some of the remaining fragments by the gabbroic
magma triggered liquid immiscibility, 5) deteuric fluids percolated through the fragmented
gabbroic rocks modifying the original magmatic textures and compositions and concentrated
and redeposited metals within the heterolithic gabbro. Subsequent regional deformation
tilted the Roby Zone to the east and shearing occurred within a portion of the
clinopyroxenite. Late-stage local Suiting and hydrothermal fluids further modified the original
magmatic textures, compositions and PGE-Au-Cu-Ni mineralization.


title: In through the outdoors: exploring the role of facilitated wilderness experiences in shaping my understanding of self and my relations with other people and the other-than-human world

contributor:
Greenwood, David
Russell, Connie

subject: Animas Valley Institute

subject: Environmental education

subject: Facilitated wilderness experiences

subject: Indigenous education

subject: Outdoor environmental education programs

subject: Personal development & self-knowledge

abstract:
I examine the role of facilitated wilderness experiences in shaping my understanding of self in relation to people and the other-than-human world through a critical qualitative approach using auto-ethnography to engage reflexively with my own experiences and to draw out the importance of those experiences in shaping my self-story and way of being. This thesis weaves a critical analysis of the literature with three narratives of my experiences with facilitated wilderness programs, including a vision quest coordinated by Animas Valley Institute. A unifying theme
that emerged through the research is my ongoing quest for self-knowledge and the means of finding a more authentic way of being in the world. The thesis concludes with a look at the key
elements of transformative facilitated wilderness experiences.


title: Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources Hearst District thermal regime stream assessment

subject:
Fishes Habitat Ontario Hearst Region
Water temperature Ontario Hearst Region
Forest management Ontario Hearst Region
Stream thermal stability
Fish habitat
Forest operation impacts

abstract:
Forest ecosystems today are continually under pressure from a variety of
special interests including timber operations. A goal of the Ontario Ministry of
Natural Resources to aid natural ecosystems by providing forest management
guidelines is to assist foresters with timber operations. The Timber
Management Guidelines for the Protection of Fish Habitat were developed to
mitigate the harmful influences of timber operations on fish habitat and water
quality.
Knowledge of a stream’s thermal regime is important for assessing the
effectiveness of the Area of Concern when applying the guidelines. Currently,
the lack of this information in the Hearst MNR District led to the attempted use
of a stream thermal stability model. The model was developed to allow users to
collect only a single stream temperature at 16OOhr on a day when temperatures
exceeded 24.5°C. Fifty-one stream segments were studied and temperature
data were collected with automated Hobo8 loggers. The thermal stability model
proved unsuccessful as the model could not be calibrated for this district.


title: Investigation into the attention profile of boys with and without Developmental Coordination Disorder / by Laura Anne Sheehan.

subject:
Attention in boys
Apraxia

abstract:
Attention problems have been identified as an associated problem in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), using the Child Behaviour Checklist, and the Covert Orienting of Visuospatial Attention Task. Their patterns indicate a deficit in the voluntary disengagement of attention, while reflexive orienting seems to be unaffected. Recently, attention has been investigated using the Attention Network Test (Fan, McCandliss, Sommer, Raz, & Posner, 2002) which measures the efficiency of orienting, alerting and executive control networks. As no research presently exists, the goal was to examine attention networks in boys
with and without DCD using the Attention Network Test for Children (ANT-C; Rueda et al.,2004).
Twenty-five boys between 7 and 10 years were recruited to participate in the study. Each participant was screened using the MABC, and then tested on the ANT-C. Fourteen boys with a mean age of 9 years comprised the DCD group (MABC percentile mean = 5.5), while eleven boys with a mean age of 8.6 years comprised the comparison group (MABC percentile mean = 51.1).
A series of independent sample t-tests revealed the boys with DCD were not significantly different from the comparison group on the alerting (t([subscript]23)=-0.44, p=0.61, d=-0.18); orienting (f([subscript]23)= -1.39, p = 0.18, d= -0.55); or executive control (f([subscript]23)=-0.68, p=0.51, d=0.28) networks. In addition, the two groups were similar on error rates (t([subscript]23)=0.94, p=0.36) and overall reaction time (t([subscript]23)=0.61,p=0.55). In contrast, using bivariate correlations, relationships were found between the alerting network and both the orienting (r = 0.70, p = 0.02) and executive control (r = 0.64, p = 0.04) networks in the group without DCD. In the group with DCD, these relationships were not observed. The presence or lack of relationship between networks suggests the two groups use differing strategies to achieve similar efficiency scores.
Based on the previous literature, which described attention difficulties in children with DCD, the results of the study were unexpected. High variability within and between each group, demonstrated by individual profiles and standard deviation, may have had a strong effect on the outcome of the inferential statistics. In addition, the validity of the ANT-C in regard to previous studies has also been questioned. It appears the ANT-C is not measuring the same aspects of attention that have been determined problematic in previous studies. Therefore, the attention profiles of boys with and without DCD remain similar on network efficiency, error rate and
median reaction time, but may differ on the strategies used to achieve them.


title: Self-evident shams : metafiction and comedy in three of Flann O'Brien's novels

abstract:
The aim of this thesis is to analyse the connections between comedy and
metafiction evident in Flann O’Brien’s At Swim-Two-Birds, The Third Policeman and
The Hard Life. The following pages discuss how these novels express, utilize, subvert
and explode typical comic discourse within a postmodern paradigm. As works that
contain numerous ontological levels that confuse a reader’s sense of reality, that
foregound their status as art and that take the subject of writing itself as a theme. At
Swim-Two-Birds, The Third Policeman and The Hard Life all explode traditional modes
of representation in general, and the conventional comic vision in particular.
Throughout my discussion, I describe and apply theories of laughter (namely, the
Incongruity, Superiority and Relief theories) to help describe how the humorous aspects
of O’Brien’s work disrupt the reading process and the reader’s expectations o f order and
comfort. I also interrogate other comic/humour devices within O’Brien’s works — such
as puns, which crack language to let words bleed a variety of meanings, and thus reflect
how language is implicit in generating multiple levels of fluid reality.
My rhetorical pattern for this thesis consists of analysing the way O’Brien handles
the mixing of the comic and metafiction from novel to novel — that is, I chart a
progession from the more obvious (At Swim-Two-Birds) to the more subtle (The Third
Policeman) to the well-hidden but certainly still evident and important (The Hard Life). I
show how O’Brien’s subversion of comic discourse creates a vision of a chaotic, plural
reality that is both playful and dark.


title: Charcoal in North American boreal forests: implications for carbon storage and management

contributor:
Luckai, Nancy
Morris, Dave
Meyer, Lense

subject:
Charcoal management
Boreal forest soil
Charcoal formation
Charcoal stability
Boreal soil function

abstract:
Charcoal plays an important role in boreal soil function and carbon storage, and is present in most boreal forest soils as a result of naturally recurring wildfires. Charcoal management has been proposed as a potentially valuable tool for addressing long term issues of global carbon cycles and sustainability of forest management. However, a proper understanding of boreal charcoal stocks and their effect on boreal soil carbon balance is imperative for successful application. The objectives of this thesis were to 1) review the role of boreal charcoal carbon stocks on boreal soil carbon balance; 2) determine naturally occurring wildfire derived charcoal stocks in North American boreal forests and compare these to laboratory produced charcoal; and 3) determine the risk of charcoal additions priming the decomposition of boreal soil organic matter.
A review of the literature of boreal soil charcoal studies found wildfires convert 0.7-2% of biomass to charcoal, with charcoal in boreal soils accounting for 1 Pg of carbon globally. Charcoal is highly aromatized and represents a form recalcitrant carbon, with half-lives one to two orders of magnitude greater than other soil organic matter, being able to remain onsite for millennia. However, due to a lack of soil mixing processes, charcoal in boreal soils is vulnerable to re-combustion in recurring fires, inhibiting the accumulation of charcoal over time, unlike in other fire prone ecosystems. Boreal charcoal stocks appear to be highly variable, depending on the intensity of fire. Increased fire intensity results in greater charcoal formation. Charcoal stocks in this thesis were 2-3 times greater than those reported for other boreal ecosystems where non-stand replacing fires are the predominant disturbance; suggesting global estimates of boreal charcoal carbon stocks may need to be revised upwards to account for greater wildfire intensity in North American boreal forests. Within boreal forests, charcoal is an important driver of soil function, stimulating microbial activity and nitrogen mineralization and decreasing phenolic concentrations. High productivity in post-fire stands has been attributed in part to the presence of active, newly produced charcoal that helps to reverse long term declines in productivity with increasing time since fire. Changes in carbon content and chemical composition, however, occur over time, especially in the first ~100 years.


title: Traditional and non-traditional tobacco use among First Nations Persons living on reserve in Canada: distinctions, emotions, and visions of best-case future realities

contributor:
Moller, Helle
Mushquash, Christopher
Knutson, Glenna

subject: Tobacco among First Nations Peoples in North America

subject: Traditional tobacco use vs non-traditional tobacco use

subject: Tobacco use realities in First Nations communities in Canada

subject: Tobacco cessation drug therapy

subject: Tobacco control initiatives by First Nations communities

subject: Future of tobacco in First Nations communities in Canada

abstract: This thesis presents a qualitative study on traditional and non-traditional tobacco use in Fort William First Nation, a First Nation community adjacent to the City of Thunder Bay in Ontario, Canada. This study inquired about whether a concept of traditional and non-traditional tobacco use exists among members Fort William First Nation; how members distinguish between traditional and non-traditional uses of tobacco; tobacco’s roles in the community; emotions that members experience in relation to tobacco; and members’ visions of best-case, future realities of tobacco use in their community. Through five focus group discussions with youth, young caregivers, members of a 55+ Group, health service providers, and persons in senior leadership positions (N = 19), this study found that a concept of traditional and non-traditional tobacco use exists among members of Fort William First Nation. It appears that one distinction between traditional and non-traditional tobacco use is that traditional use has a cultural purpose whereas non-traditional use does not have a cultural purpose. Tobacco plays many cultural, health, and economic roles in Fort William First Nation; members experience a variety of emotions in relation to tobacco; and the predominant best-case, future reality of tobacco use envisioned for the community was no cigarette smoking and tobacco being used only in traditional ways. This study also found that traditional uses of tobacco facilitate well-being at the personal, family, and community levels; cigarette smoking appears to be unnecessary for engaging in Pow Wows and Sacred Fires; and cigarettes can interfere with traditional uses of tobacco and thereby inadvertently encourage cigarette smoking. A future where Fort William First Nation returns to using only leaf tobacco for traditional purposes was seen as a remedy to the interference posed by cigarettes. Also envisioned was nicotine- and carcinogen-free tobacco for traditional use.


title: The effect of mode of presentation, stimulus concreteness, and verbalization on a paired-associates learning task

subject:
Learning, Psychology of
Recall (Memory)

abstract: A 2x2x3x8 experimental design was used to investigate the effects of two levels of the concreteness dimension (i.e. concrete and abstract) of nouns; two levels of verbalization (i.e. verbalization and nonverbalization) and three kinds of input modality (i.e. auditory, visual and auditory-visual combined) over eight trials of a paired associates learning task. Two lists of fifteen noun pairs each were constructed: one list of concrete noun pairs and one of abstract noun pairs. An equal number of pairs from each list were presented in each of the three kinds of mode of presentation.


title: Living well in a world with wolves: educators' perspectives

contributor:
Russell, Connie
Greenwood, David
Breunig, Mary

subject:
Importance of wolves
Human-wolf relations
Environmental and humane education
Education and wolves
Understanding and working with wolves
Wolf conservation controversy

abstract:
The purpose of this qualitative, phenomenological investigation was to explore
wolf-focused education from the perspective of educators who work at various wolf
education centres and programs around North America. The research question was:
What are the experiences of educators who work at programs that feature captive or wild
wolves; in particular, what do these educators learn through both working with and
teaching about wolves? The research sought: to better understand the learning that
emerges from direct experiences humans have with other animals, in this case wolves; to
fill a gap in the research on wolf education; and to explore and understand some of the
ethical aspects of wolf education and wolf conservation from the perspective of
educators. Using a phenomenological methodology that drew from critical theory,
methods included 16 in-depth semi-structured interviews with 17 educators from 15
different wolf programs around North America, a brief content analysis of the programs’
websites, and observations of two wolf programs. Topics discussed with the educators
included the purpose of their work, their ideas about how best to educate the public about
wolves, their own ideas about wolves including what they had learned through observing
and working with wolves, and their thoughts on wild wolf management and conservation.
When it came to the experience of being a wolf educator certain motifs emerged that help
elucidate the experience: the significance of political, regional, and cultural contexts; the
key role that scientific knowledge and learning has for many wolf educators; the
importance of ethics to the educators when it comes to teaching about and working with
captive or wild wolves; the impact of direct experiences with wolves on how educators
understand and feel about wolves; and finally, their engagement with conservation issues.
This research highlights the importance of education as one strategy for wolf
conservation, especially if it does not shy away from the messiness of controversial
conservation issues and helps people grapple with the social, ethical, regional, and
cultural aspects of knowing wolves and our relationships as humans with them.


title: Nonlinear adaptive control for robust wide speed range operation of IPMSM drives

subject: Permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM)

subject: Motor control algorithms

subject: Permanent magnet motors

abstract:
Various applications, including robotics, spindle drives, machine tools, etc. rely on accurate, reliable controllers to deliver the required drive performance. With recent advances in magnetic materials and semiconductor technology, machines such as the permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) family of ac drives have seen a rise in popularity, owing to the high power density, efficiency and relative longevity as compared to conventional ac motors.  In particular, interior permanent magnet synchronous machines (IPMSM) are characterized by all the features of the PMSM family, with the additional possibility of improved efficiency due to rotor construction, making them ideal for critical applications with high performance demands.
Notably, despite the advantageous aspects of PMSM motors in general, control of this class of ac machines is complex if full performance potential is to be realized. In order to achieve optimal efficiency while permitting wide speed range operation, it is crucial to design controllers that are capable of delivering this high performance. Due to the nonlinearity of magnetic flux distribution during operation, the parameters of the PMSM may vary significantly. Thus, a high performance controller must be capable of optimizing efficiency while maintaining excellent response characteristics from set-point or loading variations.
As a result of the nonlinear flux distribution caused by rotor/stator magnetic field
interactions, direct control of PMSM in the stator reference frame is not possible as the level of mathematical complexity renders it infeasible. Expression of the PMSM stator variables in the rotating rotor reference frame permits the effective decoupling of machine variables into velocity and torque control components. This is roughly analogous to separately excited direct current (DC) motors, where control of the rotor speed (field magnetization) and shaft torque (armature current) are decoupled as a function of the design. Analysis of the PMSM model in the rotating reference frame shows that the “d” and “q” axis currents are principally responsible for indirect air gap flux control and developed shaft torque, respectively.
Traditional linear type control techniques based on proportional-integral-derivative (PID)
controllers are able to achieve moderate success in controlling the PMSM family. The
performance achieved is however typically within a narrow operational band and without the ability to adapt to parametric variation or optimize efficiency. This restriction makes PID type controllers non-ideal for more demanding applications that require highly accurate control and high efficiency regardless of load, temperature, machine age or operating environment.
Therefore, this thesis presents a robust nonlinear control algorithm utilizing an adaptive
back-stepping technique with flux control for optimizing developed torque and improved
operational range. Further, global asymptotic stability of the proposed controller is assured
through Lyapunov’s stability criterion in conjuncture with criterion supported by Barbalat’s
lemma. The proposed control algorithm ensures that the machine operates at precise command speeds, coping with system uncertainties and disturbances, while reducing losses and enabling operation over a wide speed range.
Simulation of the proposed system is carried out in MATLAB/Simulink, as well as in a cosimulation environment utilizing MATLAB/Simulink and PSIM. The first scenario
implements an ideal mathematical system model with the controller in Simulink; whereas the second scenario uses PSIM to host the dynamic system model, with MATLAB/Simulink hosting the controller. This co-simulation permits rapid, accurate system analysis, by employing more accurate software models for switching elements, synchronous machine and any reactive elements not reflected in the basic mathematical model. Simulation results from both methods indicate excellent performance and robust operation, with excellent disturbance rejection.
Real-time implementation of the system is realized utilizing the DS1104 digital signal
processor (DSP) in conjuncture with an IPMSM commutated by a three-phase two-level
insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) inverter, with a direct current (DC) generator as
dynamic load. Performance of the proposed controller have been verified through experimental implementation for a range of operating conditions.


title: Increased production of sugar streams from lignocellulosic materials through enzyme recycling

contributor:
Christopher, Lew
Malek, Lada
Law, David

subject: Pulp primary sludge

subject: Enzymatic hydrolysis

subject: Response surface methodology

subject: Fermentable sugars

subject: Enzyme recycling

subject: Alternative energy sources

subject: Grain-derived fuels and associated challenges

subject: Biofuel

abstract: The Canadian pulp and paper mills generate over 1 million tons of primary sludge per year. This sludge mainly contains small cellulosic fibers and contaminants from pulp and paper manufacture and is usually disposed of by landfilling or incineration. Both of these processes are economically and environmentally objectionable. However, the mill sludge could serve as low or negative-cost cellulosic feedstock that requires no pre-treatment and is largely available. The objective of this study was to examine primary sludge as a source of fermentable sugars that are used for production of biofuels and value-added biochemicals. Sludge was hydrolyzed with a commercial enzyme in presence of surfactants that are known to enhance the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis. The hydrolysis process was statistically optimized using response surface methodology. In addition, opportunities for enzyme recovery and reuse were also investigated. The primary sludge contained 30% of dry solids of which 51% was glucan. The study of different surfactants revealed that glucose yield from sludge can be improved by up to 12% in presence of polyethylene glycol 4000. Statistical model pointed the solid and enzyme loadings as the most significant factors (p < 0.05) in enzymatic hydrolysis of sludge. Under optimum conditions of 7.4% w/w dry solid loadings, 2.6% enzyme loadings (19.2 FPU g-1dry primary sludge, and 5% w/w surfactant loadings (polyethylene glycol 4000), an 85.6% glucose recovery of the theoretical maximum was attained. Furthermore, 34.7% enzyme was recovered from the sludge hydrolysate using a 3 kDa molecular weight cut off ultrafiltration membrane. The recovered enzyme was reused on fresh sludge sample to produce a glucose yield of 82.3%. Present work suggests that primary sludge can add value in the form of fermentable sugars. It presents an opportunity to reuse nearly 35% of the enzyme, which could significantly reduce the production costs of fermentable sugars. Thus, enzymatic conversion of primary mill sludge can offer the pulp and paper industry an alternative approach for turning waste into value in a cost-efficient and environmentally friendly way.


title: Mating system and population structure in a black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) clonal seed orchard in Northwestern Ontario

subject:
Black spruce
Seed orchards Ontario, Northwestern
Cloning

abstract:
Multi-locus enzyme systems were studied in a black
spruce {Picea maniana (Mill.) B.S.P.) clonal seed orchard in
northwestern Ontario. The embryonic and megagametophytic
tissues of each clone were sampled and electrophoretically
analysed to examine the inheritance pattern of 8 polymorphic
loci. With the exception of leucine aminopeptidase (Lap) and
aconitase (Aco), allozyme segregation followed expected 1:1
ratios. The mating system is characterized by a moderate
level of selfing (s=0.15) and a small effective population
size. The ratio of genetically effective males to receptive
females was calculated to be 0.31. Although the parental
population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the majority of the enzyme systems examined revealed a deviation from the
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the filial generation. Several
loci exhibited heterogeneous pollen pools and there was an
observed excess of heterozygotes. Indications of non-random
mating and small effective population size invalidate two
basic seed orchard assumptions, namely, random mating and
large population size.


title: Men's ability to detect cyclical changes in women's facial and bodily attractiveness / by Jennifer M. Patola.

contributor:
Oinonen, Kirsten
Mazmanian, Dwight

subject:
Sexual attraction
Sexual behavior
Physiognomy

abstract:
Despite widespread beliefs to the contrary, recent evidence suggests that human ovulation is not completely hidden. There is some evidence that men may be able to detect physical changes across the menstrual cycle. Second-to-fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) is a sexually dimorphic trait, said to be fixed at birth. Recent research suggests that 2D:4D may change over the menstrual cycle (Patola et al., 2006). The current study involved photographing women (faces and bodies) at the periovulatory phase and one other phase of the menstrual cycle. Measures of 2D:4D were obtained via hand scans. Ninety-three men chose the more attractive face, body, or hands from each pair of photos. Four hypotheses were tested: (a) women will be perceived as most attractive during the periovulatory phase, (b) partners will evaluate periovulatory phase photos as attractive more often than nonpartners (c) 2D:4D will be highest in the luteal phase, and (d) luteal phase or high 2D:4D hand scans will be judged as most attractive. Results indicated that overall, men found faces most attractive on the day of ovulation ( p < .01).  Makeup use affected results in that higher periovulatory preferences (FPs) were found in nonmakeup wearers, while
men preferred the nonperiovulatory faces of makeup wearers. Sociosexual orientation (SO) of both men and women also affected PPs; unrestricted men showed a greater PP than restricted men, and all men showed a higher PP when evaluating restricted versus unrestricted women. Second-to-fourth digit ratio did not change over the cycle. Trends (p < .05) indicated that men preferred luteal phase and lower 2D:4D hand photos. These
findings support the idea that men are most attracted to high estrogen faces (e.g.. Smith et al, 2006). However, the sociosexuality of both men and women plays an important mediating influence on cyclical preferences, potentially due to differing mating strategies.


title: Assessing the impacts of climate change on fluvial processes: using a physically-based model to determine hydrologic responses of the Slate River

contributor:
Stewart, Robert
Cornwell, Adam

subject:
Watershed modelling
Climate change
Soil and Water Assessment Tool
Topography, geology and soils
Hydrology
Flora & fauna

abstract:
Watershed models are an important tool in regional planning and
conservation efforts. They can provide valuable insight into the potential impacts
of different land use changes and future climate change scenarios on water
resources, which can lead to better, more informed decision making. Climate
impacts, in particular, add a new level of uncertainty with regard to freshwater
supplies as the hydrological cycle is intimately linked with changes in
atmospheric temperatures. The main objective of this study is to investigate the
extent of long-term climate change on streamflow and stream temperature within
an agriculturally defined watershed in Northern Ontario. For this purpose, the Soil
and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was utilized to provide a better
understanding of how hydrological processes in the Slate River Watershed will
alter in response to long-term climate change scenarios. The SWAT model is a
distributed/semi-distributed physically-based continuous model, developed by the
USDA for the management of agricultural watersheds, and is currently one of the
most popular watershed-based models used in climate change analysis of snowmelt
dominated watersheds. Historic flow data was compared to a discharge
model that reflected four climate models driven by SRES A1B and A2 through
the middle and end of the century. Hydrology modelling was enhanced with
stream temperature analysis to gain a comprehensive understanding of the
extent of changing climate regimes on the Slate River. A linear regression
approach representing a positive relationship between stream temperature and
air temperature was used to determine the thermal classification of the Slate
River. Our results indicated that the Slate River was well within the warm-water
character regime. Unusual high stream temperatures were recorded at mid-
August; these were accompanied by low water levels and a lack of riparian
vegetative cover at the recording site, providing a possible explanation for such
temperature anomalies. The results of the flow discharge modelling supported
our hypothesis that tributaries within our ecosystem would experience increasing
water stress in a warming climate as the average total discharge from the Slate
River decreased in both climate scenarios at the middle and end of the century.
Although the lack of accurate subsurface soil data within the study region
prevented our discharge model from quantifying the changes in stream
discharge, the strong correlation between the observed and simulated flow data
as reflected by a 0.92 r² statistic gave us confidence that discharge from the
Slate River will continue to follow a decreasing trend as climate change persists
into the future. This study aims to support the future endeavours of hydrologic
modelling of watersheds in Northern Ontario by illustrating the current capabilities
and limits of climate change analysis studies within this region.


title: Forest structure and small-mammal responses to variable-retention timber harvest in the Cape Breton highlands of Nova Scotia

subject: Mammals Effect of logging on Nova Scotia Cape Breton Island

subject: American marten Effect of logging on Nova Scotia Cape Breton Island

subject: Mammals Habitat Nova Scotia Cape Breton Island

abstract: American marten ( Martes americana Turton) are endangered in Nova Scotia and the population on Cape Breton Island is critically low. A marten recovery strategy is in place but there are large gaps in information regarding future prey abundance and forest structure in managed stands across the Cape Breton Highland Plateau. The Crowdis Mountain study area was established in 2002 by StoraEnso, now New Page, Port Hawkesbury Limited, to study the effects of variable-retention harvesting techniques on habitat requirements of marten. The goal of this study was to determine the response of small mammals, standing and downed dead wood (SDDW), and understory ground vegetation to these alternative harvesting techniques. Sampling occurred from May to September pre-treatment in 2002 and post-treatment 2003 and 2005. It was concluded that treatments did not have a significant effect on small mammals or density of standing and volume of downed dead wood. Small mammals displayed an increasing trend over the entire study area and these increases were correlated with percent cover of fern, slash/fine debris, and CWD volume. Increases in SDDW were found when snag density and CWD volume data were combined for all treatment units but treatment effect was found to be non-significant. This study confirmed that because of past silvicultural practices, stands in the Crowdis Mountain study area had low small-mammal abundances, understory cover, and SDDW. Experimental harvesting treatments implemented were economical and maintained minimum coarse stand-type requirements of marten and did not negatively affect small-mammal abundances. However, at 50 years old, stands were showing signs of wind damage and increasing trends in small-mammal abundance and SDDW recruitment, independent of silvicultural intervention.


title: Control of heat and fluid flow in solidification processes by an inverse method

subject:
Inverse heat conduction problem
Two-dimensional heat transfer problems
Control engineering
Thermal and fluid flow controls

abstract:
The objective of this research is to produce a control scheme by an inverse method
that is capable of acting fast enough to be useful in a real-time manufacturing environment. The scheme should provide a transient boundary condition that produces
a prescribed interfacial surface motion with a corresponding desired morphology at
the phase interface in solidification problems. In this thesis, an inverse technique is
presented for one and two-dimensional heat transfer problems with phase change. It
calculates the required boundary temperature to provide a specified interface velocity
at the solid-liquid interface. An entropy-based method b used to improve the stability
of the proposed algorithm. The effects of free convection in the liquid are &O considered.
A control-volume- based finite element method is employed for the numerical
solution of the conservation equations for mass, momentum and energy. Numerical
examples are presented in order to demonstrate the promising capabilities and performance
of the proposed formulation. In practical solidification problems, this method
can lead to stable and meaningful results.


title: Indicators of competition in a Northwestern Ontario jack pine plantation

format: application/pdf application/pdf

subject: Jack pine Ontario, Northwestern Growth

subject: Jack pine Ontario, Northwestern Seedlings.

subject: Plant competition Ontario, Northwestern

subject: Seedling growth

abstract:
Competition in forestry is discussed as a prelude to the hypothesis that tree seedling
growth is strongly related to that of other vegetation close to it. The hypothesis states that:
a) the relationship is species-dependent; b) seedling growth is inversely proportional to the
amount of other nearby vegetation; c) seedling growth is directly proportional to the distance
separating the tree from other vegetation; and d) that the amount of competition is
quantifiable by some measurement of the tree seedling. The study was conducted in a four year-
old Pinus banksiana plantation in Northwestern Ontario. Several non-crop plant
species occupied the site: Epilobium angustifolium, Calamagrostis canadensis, Carex spp.,
Rubus idaeus, Corylus cornuta, Prunus pensylvanica, Betula papyrifera, Acer spicatum and
Alnus crispa.. The author established in the study area 110 sample plots of 1.13 m radius
(4 irfi ) divided into 2 m^ inner and 2 m^ outer rings centred on jack pine (crop) tree
seedlings. For each plot, a tally sheet was completed recording: (a) crop tree parameters
(height, stem diameter, and crown width), and (b) non-crop species, average height, and
ground cover as a percentage of the plot. Samples of jack pine from peripheral areas and
non-crop species above-ground biomass samples were collected, dried, and weighed. The
crop tree parameters were correlated to the non-crop species measurements and Towill and
Archibald's (1991) Competition Index (T&A’s Cl) method was applied to assess the degree
of competition. The correlation coefficients (r) for crop tree parameters with non-crop
species vary from 0.852 for alder, 0.602 for natural jack pine, -0.572 for total plant species
as a group, to 0.239 for fireweed. T&A’s CIs correlate highly with the estimated dry
weight for all plant species (r = 0.845), but poorly with the jack pine parameters (r = -0.259
to -0.377). The strengths and weaknesses of this Cl are considered, and modifications are
proposed, formulated and applied individually and in combination. The best correlations of
the modified indices with jack pine dry weight and with any other parameters were not
significantly different from the unmodified index.


title: Impact of alternative harvesting practices on the small mammal community in an Ontario boreal mixedwood forest

subject:
Silvicultural systems
Small mammal community
Boreal mixedwoods
Ecosystem management
Timber harvest methods

abstract:
During the current project four studies were conducted to determine the effect of alternative
silvicultural systems, and harvesting methods on the small mammal community of a boreal
mixedwood forest in northern Ontario. In the first study (Chapter 1) pitfall and livetrapping
were used to monitor the small mammal community in uncut forest, on lands harvested under the
clearcut and shelterwood silvicultural systems, and at the edge of these harvest treatments.
Livetrapping was used during the second study (Chapter 2) to monitor the effect of different
harvesting methods on the small mammal edge community of clearcut and shelterwood cut
areas. The third study (Chapter 3) investigated how small mammals used the treated and
untreated side of livetrapping grids at the edge of all six timber harvest treatments, and in uncut
forest. Finally, during the fourth study (Chapter 4) radio-telemetry was used to investigate the
response of Peromyscus maniculatus (deer mice) to several timber harvest treatments.
Differences in the small mammal communities associated with the harvest treatments were
noted during all four studies. For instance, the first study revealed that the number of Clethrionomys
gapperi (southern red-backed voles) was lower, and the number of Glaucomys
sabrimis (northern flying squirrel) captures was higher at clearcut edges than at shelterwood
edges and in controls by the second year after timber harvest. The second study found a higher
number of G. sabrinus captures at the edge of full-tree clearcuts than at tree-length clearcuts
and on controls in the second post-harvest year. The third study revealed that C. gapperi and
P. maniculatus utilized harvested edges differently. And the fourth study revealed differences in
the way habitat was used by P. maniculatus on clearcut, shelterwood, and control treatments.
These studies revealed that applying different silvicultural systems and harvesting methods
can influence the small mammal community. Since small mammal species responded to the
harvest treatments differently, it follows that foresters will need to implement a variety of silvicultural
systems and harvest methods within boreal mixedwood forests if conservation of small
mammal species diversity in these areas is of concern. Some species, such asPhenacomys
intermedius (heather voles), Sorex hoyi (pygmy shrews), and Glaucomys sabrinus, were
more common in this mixedwood forest than expected so they could be of particular importance
in boreal mixedwood management
The variability in species abundance observed among the replicates used during this work
demonstrates the importance of replicating the timber harvest treatments being investigated
during such projects. The conclusions from this research could have been much different if
treatments had not been replicated. Also demonstrated was the importance of using several
different trapping methods when assessing the abundance, richness, diversity and composition of
small mammal species in a community as some species were captured by only one trapping
method during this project.


title: Empirical study of dense schedule performance ratio on open-shop scheduling problem

subject:
Heuristic programming
Computer scheduling

abstract:
In this paper, we study properties of dense schedules for the open-shop problems and their average
performance ratio. After using two sets of test problems, we show that the average performance ratio
of dense schedules is actually much better than ( ), the worst-case performance ratio in the
conjecture. The results from randomly generated problems which have large sizes show that when the
dimension of open-shop problems become larger, the average performance ratio is getting even
smaller. Twelve heuristic algorithms to generate dense schedules are presented in Chapter 3 and the
computational results of two sets of test problems are also provided.


title: Reconciliation through metissage in higher education

contributor:
Korteweg, Lisa
Allen, Andrew
Cormier, Paul

subject: Métis education in Canada

subject: Métis Pedagogy

subject: Indigenous content requirement (ICR) courses

subject: Canadian higher education

subject: Culturally appropriate curricula

subject: Reconciliation (Higher education)

abstract:
As a result of the final report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (2015) and its Calls to
Action for education, many universities are working to design culturally appropriate curricula
and to “Indigenize” their policies. While the intention is to demonstrate reconciliation through
institutional practices, rarely do these committees consider the university experiences of
Indigenous, let alone Métis students. And rarely do these reconciliation plans veer away from a
pan-Indigenous homogenizing approach to Indigenous content, subsuming Métis, and Inuit
cultures into First Nations1 as one monolithic category. This Ph.D. study focusses on how Métis
peoples’ knowledge, culture, and experience need to be explicitly addressed and discussed as
reconciliation in higher education. The study investigates the question: How have university
courses and learning experiences impacted Métis peoples’ understanding of their identities, the
role of Métis-specific Knowledge, and perspectives on reconciliation in higher education? The
research follows a grounded theory approach of constant comparison within a métissage design
where Métis storytelling is blended with autobiographical narratives and interview data. Twelve
participants, all Métis people living in Ontario and involved in higher education, completed
interviews or submitted written responses to semi-structured questions, either as students
enrolled in a north-central university, as alumni working in education organizations, or as
community members engaged in school systems.
The study’s findings demonstrate that a Métis-specific wise-practices approach to including
Métis content is mostly absent but greatly needed in higher education curriculum. Through the
creation of a métissage-as-reconciliation framework, I argue that Métis perspectives woven into
university courses is a critical step towards acknowledging the identities, history, and culture of
Métis people while creating more equitable, diverse, and inclusive (EDI) practices for Métis and
all students. If Canadian universities want to implement Indigenous initiatives and programs to
advance reconciliation, then Métis perspectives must be included for any meaningful
engagement, recognition, and retention of Métis learners. Métissage-as-reconciliation offers a
curricular framework for representing Métis identity, respectfully including Métis-specific
perspectives in course content, and understanding how decolonizing efforts can be attentive to
the learning experiences of Métis people. Reconciliation through métissage can ensure a more
robust institutional effort to address the TRC’s Calls to Action and support the growing
demographic of Métis students in Canadian universities


title: Children’s views of the learning environment: a study exploring the Reggio Emilia principle of the environment as the third teacher

contributor:
Mastrangelo, Sonia
Kaefer, Tanya
Epp, Juanita
Wien, Carol Anne

subject:
Reggio Emilia
Environment as a third teacher
Learning environment

abstract: The purpose of this research study was to explore the concept of the environment as the third teacher and how students in a Reggio Emilia inspired school view their classroom and its ability to help them learn. The research design chosen for this study was a qualitative phenomenological approach and was chosen to give power to the participant’s voice—namely the child. The participants in the study were sixteen students from a senior kindergarten classroom. Data were collected using observational field notes, photo elicitation, and photo interviewing analysis with the children. The children served as both researchers and participants in this study as they selected what is deemed valuable and necessary in the environment to help them learn. Data analysis was done using inductive reasoning through photo interviewing analysis in small focus groups. After careful analysis of the research data, it is evident that the children in this study perceive that their environment helps them learn and therefore acts as a third teacher in the classroom. Twenty of the 85 photographs in the study were taken in the math center, this tells us that there was a strong association with the group that the math center helps them to learn followed by 15 of the photos taken of the communication and building centers, 11 of the art center, 10 of the light and lastly 6 of the drama center. The remaining 8 photos were taken of other areas of the room that did not fit into the pre-existing centers and include: the nature center, the resting center, the office, and reading. The children described that within the centers they were able to learn by using the materials provided, engaging in imaginative or pretend play, making real-life connections, communicating with their peers, and by exploring the documentation on the walls of their classroom.


title: Effects of past grazing and trampling on soil nutrients at Stanley Hill Bison, Kakabeka Falls, Ontario

subject:
Bison management
Livestock management
Soil quality
Soil erosion
Effects of grazing on soil quality
Grassland soil dynamics

abstract:
Global studies indicate that ungulates can have negative influences on soil
quality and directly affect soil nutrient availability. This thesis examines the effects of
past cattle grazing and current bison grazing on soil quality on a small, rented farm
property in Kakabeka Falls, Ontario. Three fields were chosen for comparison of a
position at the top of a hill intended to be used in rotational grazing (upslope area), a
heavily trampled mid-slope area, and the downslope area of the same hill near a natural
watercourse used for livestock watering. Bulk density, loss on ignition (an estimate of
soil organic carbon), and concentrations of soil macro-, micro-, and secondary nutrients
were calculated to compare the soils. ANOVA and MANOVA tests show that there
were significant differences with slope position and that, as expected from literature on
seepage, higher macronutrient levels were generally downslope. The mid-slope area had
lowest bulk density and highest soil organic carbon, perhaps due to high quantities of
manure in the soil. Continued monitoring of soil quality at the farm is recommended as
planting and rotational grazing remediate past failure to manage the pastures.


title: Detection of Campylobacter jejuni in poultry samples using Florescent in situ Hybridization (FISH)

subject:
Campylobacter jejuni
Meat contamination
Poultry diseases detection
Fluorescent in situ hybridization

abstract: In this study, a protocol using Fluorescent in situ Hybridization (FISH) for the detection of Campylobacter spp., particularly C. jejuni, in naturally contaminated poultry samples was developed and its application evaluated. The protocol used would eliminate the need for the conventional plating of enriched samples, thereby significantly reducing the time needed to detect the presence of Campylobacter spp. Using a fluorescence plate reader, the detection limit for pure C. jejuni was 7.33 log10CFU/ml. Several types of enrichment media were tested and Bolton Broth with (aerobic and microaerophilic) and Bolton with Campylobacter growth supplement (microaerophilic) were most effective for culturing samples spiked with low levels of C. jejuni. Applications of FISH for spiked poultry samples showed that blood will interfere with sample processing and greatly increase non-specific background fluorescence.


title: Silicate, sulfide, and platinum - group petrology and mineralogy of the Kawene Intrusion, Quetico subprovince

subject: Intrusions (Geology) Ontario Atikokan Region

subject: Petrology Ontario Atikokan Region

subject: Mineralogy Ontario Atikokan Region

abstract:
The Kawene Intrusion is an ultramafic, layered, metamorphosed
Cu- Ni- PGE- bearing intrusion located 29 km east of Atikokan
within the Quetico Subprovince of northwestern Ontario. The Kawene
Intrusion is emplaced primarily in metasedimentary turbiditic
wacke. The intrusion is composed of hornblende wehrlite in the
center, with hornblende clinopyroxenite, clinopyroxene
hornblendite, and hornblende melagabbro at the margin. The
intrusion has been metamorphosed to upper greenschist - to - lower
amphibolite metamorphic grade.
The mineralized area is composed of alternating layers of
hornblende clinopyroxenite and clinopyroxene hornblendite intruded
by tonalite veins, and sulfide veinlets. The sulfide veinlets and
the disseminated sulfides consist mainly of chalcopyrite,
pyrrhotite, and pentlandite. The other sulfides found in these
ultramafic rocks in decreasing order of abundance are ; galena,
violarite, and sphalerite. The Platinum - Group Minerals (PGM) are
spatially associated with the sulfides.


title: Empirical recovery performance of fourier-based deterministic compressed sensing

contributor:
Yu, Nam Yul
Wei, Ruizhong
Naser, Hassan

subject:
Compressed sensing
Noisy compressed sensing
Haar wavelet transform
Chirp sensing codes
Orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm

abstract: Compressed sensing is a novel technique where one can recover sparse signals from the undersampled measurements. Mathematically, measuring an N-dimensional signal...


title: "I was a good girl when he married me" : issues of respectability and gender in a Northern Ontario murder trial / by Cheryl Elizabeth Shaw.

subject:
Abused women
Murder trials
Timmins (Ontario)
Battered wife defence

abstract:
At the heart of this thesis is a trial, R. v. Clara Irene St. Cyr. In 1948 Clara was a thirty-two year old mother of six. Bom in St. Lucie, Quebec but raised in Gogama, Ontario, she was eighteen when she met Jerome “Jerry” St. Cyr, an outdoorsman who knew the area well. They married shortly after and moved to
Timmins. Their fourteen-year marriage would later be characterized in the press as tumultuous, frequently violent and marred by deprivation and emotional abuse. On March 4th, 1948, Clara killed her husband with an axe following a domestic dispute. Her trial was held in Cochrane at the Spring Assizes of the Supreme Court and lasted approximately two weeks until March 25th, culminating in a verdict of ‘not guilty’. Therefore, the case provides ample commentary on the complex and unique ways in which race, gender and class were constructed as signifiers of values and social mores in Timmins ... The trial’s position in legal history is also of interest. R. v. Clara Irene St. Cyr [is] one of the earliest cases to plead successfully a defense of what is now recognized as ‘battered wife syndrome’.  (Introduction)


title: Frost hardiness of balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera L.) during the spring dehardening period

subject:
Populus balsamifera
Genetic variation
Frost hardiness

abstract:
Changes in the frost hardiness of balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera L.)
cuttings from four populations along a latitudinal transect from N. Wisconsin to
Bearskin L, Ontario, were examined during the spring of 1987. Hardiness levels of
dormant stem cuttings from the two extreme populations were examined after
various incubation periods, under two different dehardening temperature regimes,
with a standard freezing test (freezing temperatures: -S.-l 1 ,-19, and -27° C).
Northern clones were less susceptible to frost injury than southern clones during
the spring dehardening period, and this phenomenon was closely related to the
tendency of northern clones to remain dormant longer than southern clones. High
within-population variation was also noted in hardiness levels and bud break
characteristics. Leaf tissue dehardened more rapidly than stem tissue, and the
dehardening process occured more rapidly at the higher incubation temperature.
A second study in which cuttings from the four provenances were subjected
to a series of controlled freezing temperatures (-3,-6,-9,-12,-18, and -24° C) at
parallel developmental stages revealed that provenance differences in frost injury
were essentially a function of differential shoot phenology at the time of freezing.
Cuttings were hardy to -18° C when leaf expansion first became visible, and could
be subjected to -12° C without injury when the newly expanding shoot became
visible, indicating that an attenuated form of hardiness may exist even when the
shoots are actively growing.


title: Impacts of different harvesting methods on forest environment

contributor:
Wang, Jian
Dang, Qing-Lai

subject: Forest regeneration

subject: Forest ecosystem

subject: Harvesting effects (forestry)

subject: Clear-cutting impacts (forest environment)

abstract: Harvesting methods are an important component of forestry management. Determining the impact of harvesting methods on forest environment can help us to do it more efficiently. In this paper, the methods, impact and intensive of three harvesting methods are reviewed. The degree of influence was determined by comparing soil microorganisms, soil chemical properties and physical properties. The results show that high intensive harvesting methods will have a high damage level to the forest environment. Harvested area should be regenerated immediately after harvest.


title: Needs assessment : identifying the barriers to admission and supports in long-term care facilities for the mentally ill elderly in the region of London-Middlesex, Ontario

subject: Mentally ill aged Long-term care Ontario

subject: Mentally ill older people Long-term care Ontario

subject: Long-term care of the sick Ontario

abstract:
There are increasing demands for long-term care (LTC) homes to admit elderly
persons with mental health illness who are unable to be cared for within the community.
This project examined the barriers to admission to LTC homes and supports required in
these homes for the elderly who experience mental health illness. No longer is LTC
simply for the frail elderly population, but current trends now include a younger
population with mental health needs, an increased male population, residents with
dementia and difficult-to-manage behaviours, developmentally challenged residents, and
other residents with a variety of mental health diagnosis that may also include concurrent
substance abuse and medical issues. These facilities face unique challenges when
providing care for the geriatric mentally ill population not only because of these trends
but also because of issues with staffing recruitment and retention; a need for
appropriately trained staff in mental health; and unmet interdisciplinary staffing needs,
inadequate psychiatric supports, environmental needs, and fiscal constraints.
Older adults who suffer with mental health illness are at an increased risk for
experiencing the inequalities within our health care system. This is a very vulnerable
population because their medical and psychological needs related to aging are more
complex than those of the youth and adult populations. Older adults with serious mental
illness face discrimination and stigma both for their mental health disorders and for their
age. These facts, in turn, are just some of the barriers facing admission to LTC homes for
this population. The increasing senior population, especially in the 85 and older age
category, gives precedence to the urgency of assessing the community resources available
to meet their needs. The statistics show an alarming incidence of mental health illness
within the geriatric population, with the frequency being as high as one in five being affected over the age of 65 (Jeste et al., 1999, as cited in Bartels, Dums, et al., 2002). It is
anticipated that the number of people over the age of 65 who will suffer with a mental
health illness will “more than double by the year 2030, from 7 million in 2000 to 15
million” (Jeste et al., as cited in Bartels, Dums, et al.).


title: Abstract convexity in metric spaces

subject:
Metric spaces
Convex domains

abstract:
Convexity in metric space is the main topic of discussion in this thesis.
To undertake the study we have studied extensively the means introduced by Doss and included the results concerning means derived by Gahier and
Murphy. We use this definition of a mean to define a new notion of convexity on a metric space, called B-convexity. B-convexity has been compared with other notions of convexity on a metric space. Finally following a construction given by Machado, we show that a B-convex metric space, satisfying certain properties, is essentially a convex subset of a normed space and the space is
unique.


title: Multi-advisor deep reinforcement learning for smart home energy control

subject: Smarthome control approaches

subject: Reinforcement learning

subject: Automated power management (smart homes)

abstract:
Effective automated smart home control is essential for smart-grid enabled approaches to demand response, named in the literature as automated demand response. At it’s heart, this is a multi-objective
adaptive control problem because it requires balancing an appliance’s primary objective with demandresponse motivated objectives. This control problem is difficult due to the scale and heterogeneity of
appliances as well as the time-varying nature of both dynamics and consumer preferences. Computational considerations further limit the types of acceptable algorithms to apply to the problem. We
propose approaching the problem under the multi-objective reinforcement learning framework. We suggest a multi-agent multi-advisor reinforcement learning system to handle the consumer’s time-varying
preferences across objectives. We design some simulations to produce preliminary results on the nature of user preferences and the feasibility of multi-advisor reinforcement learning. Further smarthome
simulations are designed to demonstrate the linear scalability of the algorithm with respect to both
number of agents and number of objectives. We demonstrate the algorithms performance in simulation against a comparable centrallized and decentrallized controller. Finally, we identify the need for
stronger performance measures for a system of this type by considering the effect on agents of newly
selected preferences.


title: Identity development and perceived parental behaviour as sources of adolescent egocentrism

subject:
Identity (Psychology) in adolescence
Ego (Psychology)
Parent and child

abstract:
Adolescent egocentrism involves heightened self-consciousness and feelings of
uniqueness and invulnerability (Elkind, 1967). Some studies have found that adolescent
egocentrism is associated with identity development, whereas other studies have found that
egocentrism is associated with perceived parental behavior. The purpose of this
investigation was to simuitaneously examine the associations between perceived parental
behavior, identity development, and adolescent egocentrism. Specifically, we attempted to
determine whether the association between perceived parental behavior and adolescent
egocentrism observed in previous research stems from identity development, or whether the
association between perceived parental behavior and adolescent egocentrism is
independent of the identity development process. Four-hundred twenty-five subjects from
12 to 21 years of age completed established measures of perceived parental behavior,
identity development and egocentrism. It was found that identity development was more
strongly related to egocentrism than was perceived parental behavior, but that perceived
parental behavior had a relationship with egocentrism that was in addition to (or separate from)
the effect for identity development. The implications of these findings for theories of
adolescent egocentrism are discussed.


title: Design and control of a 10 DOF biped robot

subject:
Robotics
Mobile robots
Design and construction
Motion
Bipedalism
Control systems

abstract: Compared to wheeled robots, biped robots have their advantages. Biped robots have better mobility. Biped robots can walk in human environments, such as rough terrain and the place that contains obstacles, and can also climb stairs or ladders. A biped robot has "discrete" footholds; therefore, it does not require a continuous path of support as wheeled robots. Moreover, biped robots can turn around in a small area. However, it is more difficult to balance and control the biped robot, especially on the rough or slope surface, compared to wheeled robots.


title: Modeling groundwater flow and transport of contaminants at a former manufactured gas plant in the midwestern USA

contributor:
Kjartanson, Bruce
Mohamedelhassan, Eltayeb

subject:
Groundwater flow
Soil contamination
Groundwater contamination

abstract:
The  processes  used  to  produce  manufactured  gas  for  heating,  cooking  and  lighting purposes in North America from the early 1800s to the mid-1900s have generated by- products such as coal tar containing Monocyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (MAHs) and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), coke, light oil derivatives, and ammonia. Improper disposal of these wastes has resulted in contaminated soils, groundwater and sediments at these sites, potentially affecting human health
and the environment. There is an increasing reliance on using numerical groundwater modeling to predict fate and transport of contaminants as well as employing predictive simulations to anticipate concentrations of contaminants in groundwater in order to evaluate a remedial action. To this end, developing a Visual MODFLOW-based model to simulate groundwater flow and transport of selected MAH and PAH compounds at a former MGP site located in the Midwestern U.S. is the main goal of this study. Available site data were compiled to develop the conceptual site model to assess contaminant fluxes and field-scale attenuation rates and to calibrate the groundwater flow model using WINPEST as a finishing step.


Soldiers of the shield : the 96th "District of Algoma" Battalion of Rifles, 1886-1896, a social and military institution


title: Improving mathematics teaching through professional learning groups

contributor:
Kajander, Ann
Bartley, Tony
Mgombelo, Joyce

subject:
Teaching mathematics
Professional learning groups
Effective mathematics instruction
Research-based pedagogy

abstract:
In order to teach mathematics well, teachers must have a specialised knowledge of the content (Silverman & Thompson, 2008) and believe in effective teaching methods (Philipp, 2007). Research has indicated that teaching mathematics effectively may require teachers to use pedagogy that they have never experienced themselves (McNeal & Simon, 2000). To address the important issue of effective mathematics instruction, professional learning groups have been explored as a means to provide teachers the support they need to continue developing professionally. This research addresses a call by Johnson (2009) that professional learning
groups need to be investigated further to ensure their effectiveness. A case study of one professional learning group was conducted to explore how the discussions provided the needed support for mathematics teachers in using research-based pedagogy in their classrooms. Professional learning group characteristics provided by the research literature were examined in relation to this case study in order to determine how such groups could be developed in mathematics. Conversations about beliefs and knowledge were also analysed, in order to provide an understanding of how the group focused on mathematics teaching and learning. Narrative inquiry was used to provide in-depth descriptions of five of the teachers, chosen in order to show a range of the members within the group. Through both the case study and narrative, a model
was created, in order to provide a description of characteristics and dynamics needed in a professional learning group in order to support teachers in their mathematics teaching development. The potential of the model to analyse other research on mathematics professional learning groups was briefly examined. This research determined that to encourage teachers to make changes in their teaching, the professional learning group model should center on an action research type mentality with a “leader” pushing conversations toward more research-based pedagogy. Furthermore, professional learning groups in mathematics need to consider the beliefs and knowledge of the group members in order for the professional development to be effective.


title: Role of inhibition of return in the safe driving of elderly persons

subject: Visual perception (Testing)

subject: Traffic accidents (Research)

subject: Older automobile drivers (Ability testing)

abstract:
Elderly individuals represent a growing portion of our population and a growing number
of elderly individuals are driving. A concern arises over the fact that elderly drivers are
involved in more crashes than any other age group except for teenagers when the number
of miles driven is accounted for. Research has found that deficits in visual attention are
related to crashes in elderly drivers. Therefore, the current study attempted to look at a
visual attention process, inhibition of return (IOR), and to try to determine its role in safe
driving in the elderly. This is the first known study looking at the relationship between
these two phenomena. Forty-one individuals aged 55 years and older completed an IOR
task and these results were compared with psychological tests and driving evaluations
that were completed earlier. Thirteen younger individuals completed the IOR task and
served as the control group. An IOR effect was found and it was discovered that older
and younger individuals differ in terms of the amount and type of IOR they show. Few
correlations between IOR scores and psychological test scores and driving scores were
significant. Two of the five regression models including age and IOR were significant.
Location-based IOR added predictive ability to models that predicted driving evaluation
scores and scanning errors. Because this is a new study in this area of research,
subsequent research can expand on this study and make a number of modifications in
order to discover more about the role of IOR in the safe driving of the elderly.