title: Knowledge appurtenancy: Universities, regional development, and the knowledge-based economy.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 154

subject: Economic development -- Effect of education on.

subject: Education, Higher -- Canada, Northern -- Economic aspects.

subject: Rural development -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Rural development -- Manitoba, Northern.

subject: Human capital -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Human capital -- Manitoba, Northern.

subject: HD75.7 .V36 2008

abstract: Northern regions in Canada are being left behind in the knowledge-based economy. Long dependent on natural resource extraction, these regions have powered provincial and national economies but are seeing their political and economic influence decline relative to metropolitan centres. Academics, public officials, and commentators suggest that, in order to survive, resource-based regions require government policies that will enable them to participate in an economy that now favours human capital over resource endowments. Appurtenancy is one such policy option. Originally used in the management of water and forest resources, appurtenancy provided the conditions for regional sustainability by formalizing a relationship between a community and its adjacent resources. This thesis illustrates that appurtenancy remains relevant in a knowledge-based economy. The literature on regional development in the knowledge-based economy emphasized the importance of universities in providing regions with human capital and the capacity for economic development. By analyzing the experiences of northern British Columbia and northern Manitoba in creating universities, this thesis shows how the principles and characteristics of appurtenancy are present in formalizing the relationship between these universities and their adjacent regions. The data from the case studies provide evidence of how the universities have a strong relationship with their regions, provide local benefits, and embody a new social contract involving these regions and the state. At its foundation, knowledge appurtenancy is based on regional responsibility and providing the capacity for sustainability in a knowledge-based economy. --P.ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1434910


title: The epidemiology of cerebral palsy in British Columbia.

type: Text thesis

contributor: University of Northern British Columbia (Degree granting institution)

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 81

subject: Cerebral palsy -- British Columbia -- Epidemiology.

subject: RA645.C47 S655 2005

abstract: No abstract available.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1301982


title: The influence of job and community satisfaction on retention of public health nurses in rural British Columbia.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 52

subject: Incentives in industry.

subject: Compensation management.

subject: Teams in the workplace.

subject: ASO Savings & Loans -- Case studies.

subject: Incentives in industry -- Nigeria -- Case studies.

subject: HF5549.5.I5 I44 2013

abstract: The importance of having a motivated workforce in any organization cannot be over-emphasized. One of the factors that contribute to employee motivation is their perception of the organization's reward system. This study examined how employees' perceptions of the reward systems in terms of support for team work and fairness promote cooperation and affect employees' level of satisfaction with the reward system. The study was conducted using a sample of 35 employees of a financial institution in Nigeria, West Africa. Data was collected through a cross-sectional survey using a self-administered and web-based questionnaire. Pearson's correlation was used to analyze the data. The results showed that there was no relationship between an individual-based reward system and employees' pursuit of individual goals instead of team goals, as well as withholding of ideas and information by employees in a team situation. This finding is contrary to earlier studies which had suggested that an individual-based reward system in a team situation can result in employees withholding ideas and information, as well as pursuing individual goals to the detriment of team goals. The results also showed a positive impact of perception of being in team, perception of fairness of a reward system and receipt of feedback on employee satisfaction. The significance of this study is on evaluating how a company can use its reward system to increase motivation, satisfaction and cooperation among team members. It is recommended that a percentage of employees' compensation should be tied to the team's performance, in addition to individual performance. Also feedback should be used as a tool for performance management and not just for performance evaluation. --Leaf ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1860560


title: Colour me father: Lived experiences of incarcerated fathers in northern British Columbia.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 166

subject: Prisoners -- Family relationships -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Father and child -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Male prisoners -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Children of prisoners.

subject: HV8886.C3 M43 2012

abstract: The purpose of my thesis was to seek answers to the main research question: What is the lived experience of incarcerated fathers in northern British Columbia? My research sample consisted of seven fathers who were clients of the Northern John Howard Society. The approach used in my research is qualitative and the specific methodology is critical hermeneutical phenomenology. Data analysis involved two methods: critical hermeneutical phenomenology and metaphorical. The literature review critiques historical ideologies inherent in the history of fatherhood and penal history. Findings show that incarcerated fathers care deeply about their children and seek to change their behaviours to further paternal relationships with their children. Implications for the profession of social work include the development of specific interventions and recommendations for the reinstatement of inmate rehabilitation. --P. ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1803095


title: "Teachers aren't people... they're teachers": A comparative look at the effects of American teen television on Canadian national identity.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 99

subject: Television and teenagers.

subject: Nationalism -- Canada.

subject: Teen television programs -- United States.

subject: Television viewers -- Canada.

subject: Identity (Psychology)

subject: Television programs -- Social aspects.

subject: HQ799.2.T4 B35 2012

abstract: Using both Television and Cultural Studies as a lens, this thesis will negotiate through television that is written for teen audiences and analyze the possibilities of the genre while addressing the impacts of the genre who is watching, what they are gaining from it, and how their identity is modified as a response to and in relation to what they have seen. I chose to link identity formation and the development of national identity by analyzing two popular teen programs, Degrassi: the Next Generation (DTNG) and The OC. --Leaf 3.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1844626


title: A microworld model for multiagent computer-aided process planning.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 106

subject: Production planning -- Automation -- Research.

subject: Manufacturing processes -- Planning -- Data processing.

subject: Production planning -- Data processing -- Research.

subject: TS183.3 .W8 2009

abstract: This Thesis proposes and investigates a novel framework for the study of multiagent solutions for computer-aided process planning (CAPP) in manufacturing systems. The framework is based on a domain-specific microworld model of CAPP, called the CAPP World. The motivation comes from the current literature on multiagent systems (MAS) for CAPP, which emphasized the need for comparative studies that would identify the most suitable domain-specific multiagent solutions, and from the observation that a simple, manageable framework for such studies had not been developed. The proposed CAPP World is characterized by a product class, a model of a manufacturing cell, and appropriate adaptation and simplification of CAPP modeling concepts from the literature. These abstractions lead to a collection of specific actions that jointly construct a process plan in CAPP World. The analysis shows that the model meets its design objectives of being: simple integral in the sense of including the main aspects of CAPP representative of properties and difficulties in real-world CAPP and suitable for formulation and investigation of MAS solutions for CAPP. The suitability of CAPP World for domain-specific MAS studies is demonstrated through construction of concrete scenarios addressing topics such as: agent encapsulation, cooperation and coordination among team members, cooperative iterative improvements of process plan, improving the efficiency of process planning through caching of design solutions, team composition, and communication mechanisms. The Thesis also identifies some topics for future research. --P.[i]

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1644027


title: Code-switching by Chinese English-as-a-second-language students in computer-mediated communication:  A multiple case study.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 196

subject: Code switching (Linguistics).

subject: Second language acquisition -- Case studies.

subject: English language -- Study and teaching (Secondary) -- Foreign speakers -- Case studies.

subject: P115.3 .C85 2006

abstract: No abstract available.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1309596


title: Leading professional inquiry to develop students' research skills.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 150

subject: High school teachers -- Training of.

subject: Research -- Study and teaching (Secondary)

subject: LB1777 .K46 2012

abstract: This study describes my leadership of a professional inquiry, with two secondary teachers, to implement a new strategy for teaching student research skills. Our Teacher Learning Team used Mill's (2004) action research process to implement Brown, Klein, and Lapadat's (2009) student research platform with cycles of action, observation, and collaborative reflection to support further action. Secondary students were introduced to the process of gathering information in a carefully controlled way, so that their progress could be monitored and instruction could be differentiated to help them gain independence. I report the challenges and successes that led to teacher and leadership learning. My analysis revealed that persistent use of this strategy enabled these teachers to shift from a product to process orientation that led to enhanced engagement in learning for students. With carefully sequenced skill instruction, problems with plagiarism were no longer evident and students gained a sense of discovery that increased their interest in course content. --P. ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1805498


title: You want me to grow trees? The social implications of biomass crops on the resilience of Quesnel, British Columbia.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 183

subject: Energy crops -- Economic aspects -- British Columbia -- Quesnel Region.

subject: Energy crops -- Social aspects -- British Columbia -- Quesnel Region.

subject: Agroforestry -- British Columbia -- Quesnel Region.

subject: SB288.3.C2 K67 2013

abstract: Forest-dependent communities in the central-interior of British Columbia are facing an increasingly uncertain future due to ongoing change in the forest industry and more recently because of the mountain pine beetle. The use of forest resources to produce biochemical and bioproducts is seen by many communities and the provincial and federal governments as having potential to help communities adapt to this change. This thesis will focus on the implications of establishing short-rotation forestry crops on marginal ranchland in Quesnel, BC to provide a source of fibre for a biochemical/bioproducts industry. Ranchers in the Quesnel area were interviewed to determine how short rotation forestry crops would affect their current operations, the opportunities and barriers they see to its implementation, and their level of interest in growing these crops on their own land. The majority of ranchers were willing to grow crops provided it was profitable, though they were concerned about losing agricultural land to tree production. If agroforestry methods that integrate traditional crop production with short rotation forestry crops are used, there is potential for ranchers to have another source of income. However, there is also a chance that agricultural land will be removed from food production or excessively regulated. Both of these outcomes would negatively affect ranchers. --Leaf 3.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1863315


title: Out of here: Exploring locally regulated difference in contemporary novels of adolescence.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 96

subject: Place (Philosophy) in literature.

subject: Grekul, Lisa, 1972- Kalyna's song.

subject: Rosnau, Laisha, 1972- Sudden weight of snow.

subject: Toews, Miriam, 1964- Complicated kindness.

subject: Adolescence in literature

subject: PN56.P49 W54 2013

abstract: The role of the adolescent protagonist, as a critical medium through which to view society, is well established in the scholarly field of developmental fiction however, the concept of place - as it relates to societal norms, values, and expectations - remains relatively unexamined. Out of Here: Exploring Locally Regulated Difference' discusses ways in which contemporary novels of female adolescence appropriate developmental genre conventions and themes to explore the place-based definition and regulation of difference. Each of the novels suggests that conflict and transgression facilitate a critique of the social boundaries of place. Three contemporary Canadian novels that engage with local and systemic constructs of place frame this thesis: Kalyna's Song by Lisa Grekul (2003), The Sudden Weight of Snow by Laisha Rosnau (2002), and A Complicated Kindness by Miriam Toews (2004). My theoretical approach focusses on contemporary place theory as it relates to the critical function of conflict, a characteristic theme in developmental novels. --Leaf ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1890771


title: Femininity and female identity of forest industry workers in Northern British Columbia from 1960 to 2000.

subject: Women in forestry -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Forests and forestry -- British Columbia, Northern -- Employees.

subject: Women -- Employment -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Forest products industry -- British Columbia, Northern -- Employees.

subject: SD387.W57 D68 2013

abstract: This research asked what effects, if any, working in the male-dominated forest industry had on femininity and female identity of women who choose to work in the forest industry of Northern British Columbia. In the literature when women are mentioned attention is focused on their relationship to men who are involved within forest industries. By using Feminist Standpoint Theory the participants' stories are added to the discourse of the forest industry. What the findings propose is that the participants experienced an increase in strength - physical, mental and emotional - but they did not feel that their employment had any lasting effect on their femininity and female identity. While the women had many unique experiences interacting with forest industry employment, the same employment patterns are observable while studying male employees in the forest industry, such as the process to entry into the industry and the necessity of proving their capability performing the work. Therefore, aspects of women's employment within the forest industry are much like men's but work in the bush' is still socially constructed as a masculine realm. --Leaf 2.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1891274


title: How I learned the language: The pedagogical structure of the Taltan language.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 121

subject: Athapascan languages -- Study and teaching.

subject: Language acquisition.

subject: Grammar, Comparative and general -- Morphology.

subject: PM641.Z9 T353 2014

abstract: This thesis investigates the morphological structure of Tāl̸tān, a northern Athapaskan language. This thesis does not examine the morphemic properties of Tāl̸tān from a linguistic perspective. Instead, this thesis focuses on the pedagogical structure, which has been neglected and misunderstood in the previous research and literature, from a second language learning translation language. This thesis also examines the cultural differences between Tāl̸tān and English, the translation language. Based on the morphemic findings, and observed behavior governing syllable structure, I argue that the Tāl̸tān Language is structured around the pronouns in a way that is patterned into the paradigms with a consistency that simplified the learning process when a second language learner understand how it works. The thesis also points out how deeply the cultural understanding of the universe is embedded in the structure and nature of the language. --Leaf i.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1976551


title: Teachers in British Columbia: examining the experience of reporting suspected parental child abuse

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 111

subject: Child abuse -- Reporting -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Food security -- British Columbia -- Prince George.

subject: Food relief -- British Columbia -- Prince George.

subject: HV6626.54.C3 M56 2015

abstract: This qualitative study describes the experience of detecting and reporting suspected parental child abuse to child protection by six females who teach public school in northern British Columbia within School District 57. The research generated insight into what enables teachers to detect child abuse, why and when they report, as well as the emotional barriers and concerns they encounter during and after making a report. The research was informed by structural social work and the analysis of the interviews was undertaken using applied thematic analysis. The main implications for social work practice include: embracing strategies for effective relationship building with teachers and within schools communication with teachers, to the greatest extent possible, the outcome of reports made and working with the universities and school districts to conduct formal training on indicators of child abuse as well as when and how to report. --Leaf ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b2055272


title: Walking the maze:  The labyrinth between privilege and structural social work practice.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 109

subject:
Social workers -- Attitudes.
Social workers -- Self-rating of.
Social work education.
HV40 .E93 2003

abstract: No abstract available.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1241359


title: Capacity building: The experience of health education workers in the Yukon.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 117

subject: Public health -- Yukon.

subject: Health status indicators -- Yukon.

subject: Community health services -- Yukon -- Evaluation.

subject: RA450.Y8 H67 2006

abstract: No abstract available.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1303030


title: Lone, lorn creatures: the matrix of trauma, memory and identity in Dickens' orphan heroes

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 91

subject: Dickens, Charles, 1812-1870 -- Characters -- Orphans.

subject: Orphans in literature.

subject: English literature -- 19th century -- History and criticism.

subject: PR4592.O76 W45 2001

abstract: While orphan protagonists have long been a trope in western literature, Charles Dickens expands this tradition by using his orphan characters as both fictional creations and socially relevant representations. Literary theorists Baruch Hochman and Ilja Wachs posit that the "orphan condition" is a nearly universal sense of loss of self and abandonment which can result from a variety of childhood traumas. Thus, while the characters under study are bereft of parents, and are thus literal orphans, their stories speak to a broader readership through the reader's psychic identification with the orphan. Trauma theory explicates the process of bearing testimony, an act by which the survivor of trauma can redeem a sense of self by sharing the story with an auditor. David Copperfield and Great Expectations, when situated at the matrix of trauma, identity, and language formed by trauma theory, can reveal the sometimes limited efficacy of fiction as a form of testimony. The plethora of orphan texts published in the nineteenth century warrant particular explanation. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the changes to the conception of childhood in the early- to mid-Victorian period as well as to understand the generalized anxiety of the middle class in this period of great change. The legal, social, economic and existential context for the Victorian orphan reveals powerful factors which combined to make the working class mid-Victorian orphan both a source of fear in society and a source for sympathetic representation in literature. David Copperfield is the most obviously autobiographical of Dickens' novels, yet judged as testimony, it is a failure. This failure stems from two separate causes: first, Dickens strips Copperfield of the rage and fear inherent in the orphan condition and instead focuses his energies in the culturally normative values of diligence and earnest striving, and second, the Jack of emotional reporting in David Copperfield makes the novel a story of plot and character rather than a testimony which focuses on the self. Although Great Expectations is a far briefer and less autobiographical novel than David Copperfield, Pip's fuller investigation of his orphan state and the repercussions of that trauma allows this text to acquire the status of testimony.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1219466


title: Understanding conceptions of land tenure in the Lake Babine Nation.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 110

subject: Lake Babine Nation.

subject: Carrier Indians -- Land tenure -- British Columbia -- Lake Babine Region.

subject: Carrier Indians -- British Columbia -- Lake Babine Region -- Claims

subject: Indians of North America -- Land tenure -- British Columbia -- Lake Babine Region.

subject: Land use -- British Columbia -- Lake Babine Region.

subject: E99.T17 G74 2014

abstract: Understanding Conceptions of Land Tenure in the Lake Babine Nation is about evolving values and the leaders who navigate them. The traditional territory of the Lake Babine Nation (LBN) is situated on Babine Lake, east of Smithers and north of Burns Lake - a community adjacent to the Lake Babine Nation's largest community by population. Ownership and stewardship of land in the LBN has been rapidly evolving since the imposition of the Indian Act and other government legislation in the early 20th century, forcing the Babine to adapt their social and land management techniques. With the prospect of self-governance on the horizon and pressure from the Federal and Provincial governments to adopt a system of land tenure based on private property, the LBN is at a crossroads. In this work, leaders from Chief and Council, the LBN Treaty Office, and the Hereditary Chiefs, expressed their vision for the management of the traditional territories, including traditional and western forms of ownership and stewardship, with an emphasis on collective responsibility. This work is designed to facilitate a discussion about the fundamental land values of the LBN and how they can be represented in the governance structure of a self-governing nation. --Leaf ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1976533


title: Using bioclimatic envelope modelling to incorporate spatial and temporal dynamics of climate change into conservation planning.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 148

subject: Conservation of natural resources -- British Columbia.

subject: Climatic changes -- British Columbia.

subject: Natural resources -- British Columbia -- Management.

subject: S934.C3 R67 2010

abstract: Current and predicted trends in climate are diverging from historic norms, thereby compromising the equilibrial basis of our resource management frameworks. This study investigates the impacts of climate change on biodiversity in the context of conservation planning for British Columbia's Central Interior. I used bioclimatic envelope modeling and a climate interpolation and general circulation model downscaling tool to assess 73 rare plant species, 103 biogeoclimatic variants, and 30 terrestrial ecosystem units. I mapped areas projected to support climate suitable for the persistence of those conservation targets through to the 2080s. Results illustrate the potential for disruptive change only 12% (24) of the 206 targets are projected to experience persistent climate at their current locations. Although strong overlap among locations projected to persist for different targets was not found, and those areas meeting multiple objectives (including value independent of climate change) are clear priorities for protection. This methodology can function as a valuable tool for conservation planners and resource managers. --P. [i]

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1659527


title: Disability management strategies:  A preliminary investigation of perceptions, policies and return-to-work outcomes.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 92

subject: Vocational rehabilitation -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: People with disabilities -- Employment -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Disability evaluation -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Work capacity evaluation.

subject: HD7256.C22 B8 M33 2005

abstract: The objectives of this retrospective study were to (a) examine the predictive value of DM perceptions and DM policies in return-to-work outcomes for the injured worker; (b) examine factors that influence DM perceptions, DM policies, and Return-to-work outcomes; and (c) examine the relationship between demographic factors of the individual and return to work outcomes. Employers from a Northern BC community were randomly selected to participate. Analysis of the data supported the hypothesis that company perception towards DM is a significant contributing factor to the presence of DM policies in the workplace. The study draws particular attention to the need for collaboration with WCB to supplement claims data reported by employers. Interestingly, the instrument constructed for the study shows potential. With further development the tool may be valuable in identifying incongruent attitudes towards DM between different levels of an organization. As a future direction this would merit additional investigation.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1288847


title: Japan, Canada, and the U.S. ballistic missile defense program: A comparative analysis of middle-power relations with a superpower.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 122

subject: Ballistic missile defenses -- Canada.

subject: Canada -- Foreign relations -- United States.

subject: Ballistic missile defenses -- Japan.

subject: Japan -- Foreign relations -- United States.

subject: Ballistic missile defenses -- United States.

subject: UG745.C3 K36 2010

abstract: Ballistic missile defense (BMD) is a significant and controversial security issue in the world today. The United States (U.S.) is the leader in BMD development and deployment. This thesis analyzes the differing orientations to BMD of two key U.S. allies, Japan and Canada. The central questions asked in the thesis are: Why did Japan choose to join the U.S.-led BMD program as an active cooperative country in 2003, while Canada chose not to formally join in 2005? What inferences can we draw about BMD politics from these decisions? These questions were answered in three steps. First, I developed an analytic approach inspired by Putnam's two-level game theory. Second, I applied this approach to my two case studies. Japan-U.S. and Canada-U.S. BMD relations between 1983 and 2008 were analyzed at two levels, domestic and international, which resulted in identifying six international-related factors and two domestic-related factors influencing Japan's and Canada's BMD decision-making process. And third, the two case studies were compared and analyzed. I conclude that the basis for the two countries' foreign policy decisions was significantly different. Japanese foreign policy decision-making was rooted in realist thinking, while Canadian foreign policy decision-making was rooted in a combination of liberal internationalist and realist thinking. --P. ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1736508


title: Tool stones from the Punchaw Lake Village site (FiRs-1), Nechako Plateau, British Columbia, Canada.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 140

subject: Tools, Prehistoric -- British Columbia -- Punchaw Lake -- Analysis.

subject: Stone implements -- British Columbia -- Punchaw Lake -- Analysis.

subject: Prehistoric peoples -- Implements -- British Columbia -- Punchaw Lake.

subject: Indians of North America -- Implements -- British Columbia -- Punchaw Lake.

subject: Punchaw Lake (B.C.) -- Antiquities.

subject: E78.B9 B78 2012

abstract: Progress in petrography and chemical characterization of igneous lithic material and artifacts have been used to infer culture history, land use patterns, and potential exchange networks across British Columbia in recent years. This thesis examines the petrographic and geochemical characteristics of igneous flake samples collected from the Punchaw Lake Village site (FiRs-1), located west of Quesnel, British Columbia. The flakes are primarily composed of trachydacite and dacite of one or more unknown provenances. The primary objective of this study was to determine the possible sources of these igneous materials used in the production of the artifact assemblage. Three analytical techniques were employed to determine the physical composition of the specimens: (1) petrographic descriptions of the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics (2) whole sample chemistry (major elements by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (ICP-ES] and (3) trace and rare earth elements by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry [ICP-MS]. The geochemical data were subjected to multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis to aid the interpretations of the results. Results indicate that the lithic sample from Punchaw Lake Village site originates from more than one rock type, suggesting that the site inhabitants may have engaged in exchange and/or movement throughout the Nechako Plateau. --P. ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1805536


title: Technological upgrading and decent work in the manufacturing sector: evidence from seven coastline provinces, China, 2002-2014

contributor: University of Northern British Columbia College of Arts, Social, and Health Sciences (Degree granting institution)

subject: Manufacturing industries -- Employees -- China.

subject: Employees -- Effect of technological innovations on -- China.

subject: Employees -- Training of -- China.

abstract: This research examines the relationship between technological upgrading and decent work in the manufacturing sector in China. By analyzing data from seven selected coastline provinces (Jiangsu, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Shandong, Fujian, Guangxi, and Hainan), both technological upgrading and an increase in decent work have been observed between 2002 and 2014. Decent work, however, is not distributed evenly among Chinese citizens. The average wage is identified as a key decent work indicator, and selected as the dependent variable in the econometric regression model. The impact of technological upgrading on the average nominal wage is estimated by a time-series-cross-section regression model using provincial level data from 2003-2014. Regression results indicate that technological upgrading accelerates wage growth in the manufacturing sector. My suggestions for future government development strategies are, to firstly, revise the Hukou system to promote equal opportunities for all citizens, and secondly, offer preferential policies to attract more FDI and encourage domestic R&D... .

abstract: technological upgrading


title: Four Lheidli T'enneh families' experiences and expectations of public education

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 174

subject: Carrier Indians -- Education -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Lheidli T'enneh First Nation.

subject: Indians of North America -- Education -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Education -- British Columbia -- Evaluation.

abstract: Initiatives designed to understand the discrepancy in graduation rates and investigate educational possibilities for First Peoples across Canada recognize it is vital to consider the local contexts of Indigenous peoples’ experiences with educational systems and their perspectives on learning. No recent studies have explored the local Lheidli T’enneh First Nations’ (LTFN) context relative to their member’s educational needs and expectations. This study engaged four multi-generational LTFN families’ lived experiences of public education including their expectations of the system. Their stories reflected three topic areas fundamental to this research: (1) relationships within the school, (2) pedagogy, and (3) curriculum. From a decolonizing Indigenous lens and using a qualitative methodology within an Indigenous research paradigm, common themes were identified from the participant narratives and are presented alongside existing literature... .

abstract: Lheidli T’enneh First Nation

abstract: Indigenous peoples’ education experience

abstract: Education

abstract: First Nations Education

abstract: Indigenous Perspectives


title: The generalized tutor-student learning algorithm for autonomous mobile robots.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 81

subject:
Robots -- Control systems.
Robots -- Design and construction.
TJ211.35 B73 2005

abstract: No abstract available.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1303028


title: A flexible simulation framework for processor scheduling algorithms in multicore systems.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 93

subject:
Computer scheduling.
Parallel programs (Computer programs)
QA76.58 .M36 2012

abstract: In traditional uniprocessor systems, processor scheduling is the responsibility of the operating system. In high performance computing (HPC) domains that largely involve parallel processors, the responsibility of scheduling is usually left to the applications. So far, parallel computing has been confined to a small group of specialized HPC users. In this context, the hardware, operating system, and the applications have been mostly designed independently with minimal interactions. As the multicore processors are becoming the norm, parallel programming is expected to emerge as the mainstream software development approach. This new trend poses several challenges including performance, power management, system utilization, and predictable response. Such a demand is hard to meet without the cooperation from hardware, operating system, and applications. Particularly, an efficient scheduling of cores to the application threads is fundamentally important in assuring the above mentioned characteristics. We believe, operating system requires to take a larger responsibility in ensuring efficient multicore scheduling of application threads. To study the performance of a new scheduling algorithm for the future multicore systems with hundreds and thousands of cores, we need a flexible scheduling simulation testbed. Designing such a multicore scheduling simulation testbed and illustrating its functionality by studying some well known scheduling algorithms Linux and Solaris are the main contributions of this thesis. In addition to studying Linux and Solaris scheduling algorithms, we demonstrate the power, flexibility, and use of the proposed scheduling testbed by simulating two popular gang scheduling algorithms - adaptive first-come-first-served (AFCFS) and largest gang first served (LGFS). As a result of this performance study, we designed a new gang scheduling algorithm and we compared its performance with AFCFS. The proposed scheduling simulation testbed is developed using Java and expected to be released for public use.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1805629


title: Running with wounded feet: a Taiwanese daughter's views on familial issues of filial piety, home and marriage

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 127

subject:
Daughters -- Taiwan -- Biography.
Women -- Taiwan.
Self-actualization (Psychology)
Daughters -- Family relationships.
Taiwan -- Social life and customs.
HQ1778.5 .W45 2001

abstract: This thesis is an attempt by the author to deconstruct her personal conflicts (issues relating to filial piety, home/family and marriage) by examining two fictional characters' life stories, Bell's and Sue's, and her own lived experiences. The author does not apply any single method of interpretation, but rather she reflects on phenomenology, ethnography and Anne- 1.ouise Brookes' autobiographical approach. Because the author is an international student with English as a second language and a different cultural background (non-Christian epistemology), the process of writing this thesis revealed issues relating to methods of interpretation, translation, the way of presenting an academic work and feminist pedagogy". For the author, this thesis is the product of a satisfying communication between different cultures and power positions.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1219505


title: Decisions, decisions: experiences of women who have undergone an elective hysterectomy in the northern interior health region of British Columbia

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 149

subject: Hysterectomy -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Surgery, Elective -- Decision making -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Women -- Surgery -- Decision making -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: RG391 .J67 1999

abstract: The lived experiences of women are often not heard or are dismissed, especially within the realm of health care. This is a fundamental flaw of the system since lived experience reveals a great deal about the context, relationship and structure of women lives and the health care decisions that they may need to make. Such information would be of benefit to health care providers who seek to provide quality care and service to women and who wish to promote partnership and shared decision making. This study explores and describes women's lived decision-making experiences of elective hysterectomy. Elective hysterectomies are performed on countless numbers of women in Canada every year. However, there remains much controversy about the necessity for the surgery given the advances to medical treatments and more conservative surgery options available. Decision making thus becomes a challenge. This study was conducted from a feminist phenomenological perspective. It takes place within the boundaries of the Northern Interior Health Region of British Columbia. Purposive sampling was used to select the eleven women. The interviews were audio-taped, transcribed and data were analysed to uncover the essential themes or "essence" of the experience. The fundamental theme describing the decision-making experience was: "You need to do what's right for you". Supporting or connecting themes that emerged were: setting the stage, experiences of the body, involvement with doctors, alternatives and choices, knowledge is key, figuring it out, reflections of the North and outcomes. The study found that women's decision-making experiences within the Northern Interior Health Region were indeed challenging, complex, and multi-layered. Issues related to relationships with doctors, locale, and access to information and resources emerged. The implications for social work practice include education, support and advocacy for women, their partners and doctors. This study was funded by the BC Centre of Excellence for Women's Health, a project of Health Canada.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1191917


title: Adults Living with Type 1 Diabetes, Reflections of their Youth: A Phenomenological Study.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 161

subject:
Diabetics -- Attitudes.
Diabetes in youth.
RC660 .N67 2010

abstract: Type 1 diabetes is a chronic medical condition. Effective illness management requires numerous, continuous self-care procedures to ensure a healthy life free of complications. This study asks, what do adults with type 1 diabetes recall about living with a chronic health condition during their youth? By interviewing adults about the different types of relationships and the experiences they had in their youth, the research examines if relationships influence diabetes self-care. Using a phenomenological approached called the Vancouver School of Phenomenology, the researcher drew themes from nine participant interviews. These include: diabetes knowledge, the impacts of diabetes, constructive and deconstructive factors in relationships, and self-awareness and identity in youth and adults with type 1 diabetes. In the sample, this particular composition of participants displayed characteristics that were not consistent with the majority of literature findings regarding persons living with type 1 diabetes. As a result, the data in this study revealed that relationships, and being highly motivated, organized, capable, cognitively intact and functional within the realities of daily life plays a critical role in diabetes self-care and this role changes and evolves over time.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1736071


title: Spore dispersal and infection of lodgepole pine by  Dothistroma septosporum in northwest British Columbia.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 113

subject: Red band needle blight -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Conidia -- Dispersal -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Lodgepole pine -- Diseases and pests -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Fungi -- Spores.

subject: Fungal diseases of plants.

subject: SB741.R38 B63 2011

abstract: Spore dispersal and infection by Dothistroma septosporum which has severely attacked lodgepole pine plantations in northwest British Columbia were studied. Spore abundance was assessed at different distances and heights from single juvenile tree inoculum sources and microclimatic factors were recorded during two consecutive years. One- year-old lodgepole pine seedlings were exposed to natural conditions at the study sites for inoculation. Conidia were assessed from spore traps from June to September in 2009 and were present in the samples whenever rain fell, with a peak in July. It was rare to detect spores more than 2 m away from inoculum sources. The timing and number of conidia dispersed were strongly tied to the climatic variables, particularly rainfall. Infection of the seedlings by the fungus was strongly influenced by the exposure periods, number of spores and high relative humidity. The results suggest increasing the planting distances between susceptible tree species through mixed species plantations and promoting dry conditions within pine plantations may be valuable strategies to reduce the spread of the disease and manage lodgepole pine plantations in the area. --P. ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1737861


title: A microsatellite analysis of the western Canadian mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) epidemic: phylogeography and long distance dispersal patterns

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 164

subject: Mountain pine beetle -- Dispersal -- British Columbia.

subject: Child welfare -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Child abuse -- Treatment.

subject: Social work with children.

subject: QL596.S35 B37 2008

abstract: The mountain pine beetle (MPB) is an eruptive insect that is currently causing an outbreak of record size in Western Canada. A lack of long distance MPB dispersal data has limited our understanding of and ability to manage MPB epidemics. My goal was to determine the MPBs Western Canadian population structure, upon which dispersal patterns may be superimposed. I analyzed MPBs from 35 infested lodgepole pine stands at six microsatellite loci. The MPB exhibited strong and significant Western Canadian population structure. This population structure was incongruent with the structure of its primary symbiont, O. clavigerum, but congruent with the structure of its primary host, P. contorta. Novel fungal selection pressures have probably caused the discrepancy in beetle/fungus phylogeography. A result of Western Canadian MPB population structure alternately contrasts and supports population structure previously reported for Scolytids, including MPBs. The partitioning of MPB population structure into a Northern and Southern group is most likely the result of postglacial recolonization and differences in MPB population dynamics. Primarily using my genetic data, I inferred the historical movement patterns of the MPB in Western Canada. I found no evidence that the epidemic spread from an epicenter in Tweedsmuir Provincial Park. My data support multiple sources for the current epidemic I suggest that regional population expansions have caused the rapid escalation in the severity of the current epidemic. MPB movement patterns and atmospheric wind data were concordant winds in Western Canada are predominantly westerly or southwesterly, which was the predominant direction of inferred movements among MPB populations. In contrast, current MPB population structure best fits a 30-year climatic suitability distribution for a historical (1921-1950) as opposed to the most current (1971-2000) period. The population genetics of long distance MPB dispersal, an evolutionary theory for MPB population dynamics, and MPB '~range expans

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1513712


title: Species and assemblage responses of carabidae (coleoptera) to forest harvesting: contrasting clearcut and patch retention removals in high-elevation forests of central British Columbia

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 124

subject:
Biodiversity -- British Columbia.
Insects -- Ecology.
SB933.3 .L46 1998

abstract: No abstract available.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1191391


title: Social competence: Cardiovascular activity and humor as mediating mechanisms.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 86

subject: Social skills in children.

subject: Pain in children -- Social aspects.

subject: Children -- Health and hygiene -- Social aspects.

subject: Parenting.

subject: BF723.S62 R67 2010

abstract: The present study examined the impact of parent and child pain responsiveness, parent and child health, parent and child pain experience, and parenting style on the main outcome variable of social competence of preschool aged children. The conceptual model depicted direct effects of the first seven variables on the main outcome variable, child social competence, as well as indirect effects on child social competence via parenting style. Participants were recruited from 66 preschools operating in the Lower Mainland of British Columbia. A diverse sample of 242 parents, 220 mothers and 22 fathers, of preschool-aged children completed questionnaires measuring parent and child pain responsiveness, parent and child pain experience, parent and child health, parenting style and child social competence. In addition, the recruited child's preschool teacher completed a questionnaire rating the social competence of the child. Teacher rating questionnaires were completed for 184 children. The analytic process employed a preliminary series of correlational analyses to determine variables to include in model evaluations using parent and teacher rated child social competence as the principal outcome variables. The main analyses involved testing and refinement of the proposed model in a series of structural equation modeling (SEM). Because child social competence was measured using data from both parents and teachers, the modeling exercise was performed separately on each of the parent and teacher outcomes. Three variables from the originally hypothesized model, specifically child pain responsiveness, parent pain experience, and child health were not significantly correlated with the outcome variables. The tested model included parent pain experience, child pain experience, parent health, parenting style and child social competence for each of the parent and teacher models. In the parent model increased child social competence was predicted by decreased child pain experience, increased positive parenting style, and decrea

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1659507


title: Building resilience in the agricultural sector of the Omineca: Assessing barley (Hordeum vulgare) cultivars response to water stress and cultural practices of northern producers.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 132

subject: Barley -- Effect of water levels on -- British Columbia -- Omineca Region.

subject: Agriculture -- Research -- British Columbia -- Omineca Region.

subject: SB191.B2 B53 2015

abstract: A gap in regional agriculture research and extension has restricted farmers' ability to cultivate long-term sustainable, profitable operations in the Omineca Region, BC. An interdisciplinary project was designed to re-initiate regionally focused research. First, an autoethnography was conducted (2012-2014) to explore cultural practices of northern farmers and to identify needs and opportunities within the region. It was found that diversity of environment, economic and cultural contexts of farmers will impact management decisions, and there is an immediate need for contextual, regional research that addresses the realities of farmers working outside the industrial agriculture system. Second, a greenhouse study was designed to examine the implications of breeding strategies on water stress tolerance of modern and heritage barley (Hordeum vulgare) cultivars. Significant differences were found in phenology and resource allocation traits of modern and heritage cultivars, suggesting breeding strategy has impacted adaptive tolerance of modern cultivars and may impact future management practices within the region. --Leaf ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b2006812


title: Turkey's membership in the European Union?: past, present & future

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 85

subject: European Union -- Turkey.

subject: Turkey -- Foreign relations -- Europe.

subject: European Union countries -- Foreign relations -- Turkey.

subject: JZ1649 .C47 2001

abstract: Turkey's interest to be part of the political and economic union of Europe dates back to the 1950s, when the idea of European Union (EU) was born. Almost forty years after the first agreement between the two parties, Turkey is still knocking on the EU' s door to become a full member. The EU has stepped into the twenty-first century with the most comprehensive enlargement of its history in process. The process of enlargement of the EU constitutes the most important step in Turkey's relations with the European Union. In order to become a full member in the European Union, the applicant state has to fulfill the EU's Copenhagen Criteria, which in the case of Turkey requires major improvements in its economic and political conditions. However, even if Turkey could meet the Copenhagen Criteria, its full membership would probably not be granted due to Turkey's significant cultural and religious differences from the rest of the member states. Turkey's full membership in the European Union would offer enormous advantages for both parties. Turkey's strategic position, which is at the crossroads of Europe, Central Asia and the Middle East, has great significance for the European Union. EU membership for Turkey, on the other hand, would mean an end to its identity problem of where it belongs - in Europe or Asia. Turkey's official candidacy status constitutes a turning point for Turkey's historic dream of being part of Europe economically, politically and socially. Turkey's EU candidacy leaves Turkey important domestic and external challenges. The ability of Turkey to overcome these challenges will determine the prospects for full membership of Turkey in the European Union. Given the changes required for Turkey to meet the Copenhagen Criteria, and the length of time accession negotiations would take once these criteria were met, it IS unlikely Turkey will be admitted to the European Union before 2020.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1219699


title: Great beginnings: a prenatal program evaluation

subject:
Prenatal care -- Nova Scotia.
RA450.N6 S45 1998

abstract: This study represents the evaluation of The Canada Prenatal Nutrition Program, Great Beginnings Project of Canning, Nova Scotia. The evaluation is based on the views as expressed in three focus groups of women who had been participating in the project. The women identified several reasons for becoming involved in the program which included support with other mothers, information and financial help. These factors were also identified as services the women were receiving from participating in the program. The women appreciated the nutritional supplement called The Good Food Box as it was the vehicle for initiation of social contact and interaction. Final analysis indicates that the program is meeting the short term needs of these women. The participants express interest in meeting as a group for future support in the future and after the program was concluded for them. As well the women indicated they would like to have the program extended. These results indicate there is a need to build in sustainable support and skills as a component of the program. Recommendations include involving participants as peer support, developing a group meeting, develop means to address sustainable support with other mothers, and ways to spread out the food budget. The findings from these groups were used to redirect program priorities and to improve delivery of services.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1191662


title: Acoustic and adsorption properties of submerged wood.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 118

subject:
Sound -- Transmission.
Wood -- Acoustic properties.
Wood -- Chemistry.
QC233 .H55 2012

abstract: Wood is a common material for the manufacture of many products. Submerged wood, in particular, is used in niche markets, such as the creation of musical instruments. An initial study performed on submerged wood from Ootsa Lake, British Columbia, provided results that showed that the wood was not suitable for musical instruments. This thesis re-examined the submerged wood samples. After allowing the wood to age unabated in a laboratory setting, the wood was retested under the hypothesis that the physical acoustic characteristics would improve. It was shown, however, that the acoustic properties became less adequate after being left to sit. The adsorption properties of the submerged wood were examined to show that the submerged wood had a larger accessible area of wood than that of control wood samples. This implied a lower amount of crystalline area within the submerged wood. From the combined adsorption and acoustic data for the submerged wood, relationships between the moisture content and speed of sound were created and combined with previous research to create a proposed model to describe how the speed of sound varies with temperature, moisture content and the moisture content corresponding to complete hydration of sorption sites within the wood. --P. ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1805541


title: Physical stream feature assessments using aerial videographic surveys

subject: Aerial photography.

subject: Rivers -- British Columbia -- Management.

subject: Fishes -- Habitat -- Aerial photographs -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Stream ecology.

subject: TR810 .R36 2000

abstract: The accuracy of aerial videographic surveys to identify and locate physical stream features was compared to ground-identified physical stream features. A portion of the Mackenzie Timber Supply Area, in northern British Columbia, was surveyed using aerial videographic survey techniques to identify selected stream features. The features were identified visually and recorded on a computer with their corresponding GPS locational positions. In addition, a super VHS video recording was made using a camera mounted to the undercarriage of the helicopter. A Watershed Restoration Program Levell fish habitat assessment was developed using this video recording to investigate the information that may be collected using a video-only approach. The accuracy of identification and location of both the visual and video-only survey data were determined by conducting ground stream assessments on a stratified random sampling of aerial ~ - surveyed stream segments. The visual aerial stream feature information had an overall accuracy of less than eight percent with an average locational error of~ 3 7 metres for each stream feature. Aerial identification accuracy was affected significantly by the type of stream feature identified and the order of the stream surveyed. Larger, easily interpreted features such as "Bridges" or "Culverts" that were associated with openings in the crown closure were successfully identified with 100% accuracy, while smaller, more complex features such as "Backwater Channels" were not successfully identified during the course of the aerial survey. The identification of detailed stream features from the air was not possible on any size of stream using the current aerial video graphic methodology and therefore the technique should not be used for gathering detailed stream habitat information. However, aerial videographic surveys appear to be a cost-effective tool for assessing overview information such as large, easily interpreted features and general stream descriptions. The preliminary investigation of a video-only approach indicated that qualitative stream habitat assessments may be performed with a high success rate on streams larger than 4thorder. However, the successful identification of quantitative stream parameters might decrease as stream complexity increases. Detailed physical information on larger streams might be obtainable visually and recorded with higher resolution video with changes to the aerial videographic survey technique.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1218060


title: Reclaiming their places: seven women chiefs in northern B.C.

subject: Indian women -- Political activity -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Women political activists -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Leadership in women -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Political leadership -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: HQ1236.B7 J64 2000

abstract: This qualitative social work thesis uses the medicine wheel to analyze and explore unique influences and experiences that encourage the political activism of seven First Nations 6and council, tribal council and hereditary women Chiefs. Between June 9, 1999 and July 19, 1999 seven in-depth interviews were conducted with six currently elected Indian Act women Chiefs and one hereditary woman Chief. Collectively, the: women Chiefs represent nineteen bands in Northern B.C. The findings of this study indicate four distinct elements in the developing leadership styles of the women. First, the women recognize how their traditionally matrilineal Nations and inclusive governance models have been affected by the imposition of Euro-Canadian legislation and Christian religious principles. Second they are developing leadership styles that value and model community-based inclusiveness, transparency, neutrality, respect and mutual accountability at all levels. Third they have begun to organize locally, regionally, provincially and internationally to strengthen First Nations culture, languages and feminine spirituality as well as address child welfare, education and land claims issues. Finally, each woman Chief contributes toward a holistic vision of a safe, hopeful and just future for First Nations people in Northern B.C. The seven women Chiefs recognize that social justice and change requires continued education and alliance building, both in and outside First Nations communities. The necessary and valued role of women in both elected and hereditary systems of governance is an issue requiring respectful acknowledgement, support and encouragement from Aboriginal organizations, Federal and Provincial governments.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1212853


title: Temporal and spatial differences in smolting among sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) populations throughout fresh-  and seawater migration and the effect of water temperature on the smolt window

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 96

subject: Sockeye salmon -- Migration -- British Columbia -- Fraser River Watershed.

subject: Reading disability -- Study and teaching (Elementary) -- Handbooks, manuals, etc.

subject: QL638.S2 B37 2015

abstract: Salmon smolts undergo physiological changes in the spring that are important for successful migration to seawater. Species that are widely distributed may differ in timing of physiological changes associated with smelting. In my first study, I compared indices of smolt characteristics among populations that differ in migration distance to the ocean. Fraser River sockeye salmon from four regions in the watershed were intercepted at different times during migration to characterize the parr-smolt transformation. Gill Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase (NKA) activity was highly variable at the start of migration, and was not explained by the distance from the ocean. Gill NKA activity changes with migration were also highly variable, but consistently smolts in the ocean had the highest gill NKA activities. The nature of smelting appears to be dynamic and variation was not based on the region of origin, timing during migration, or on the year of migration. The duration of time when anadromous salmon are able to survive in seawater – the smolt window – is influenced by temperature. In my second study, I found that warm water temperature abbreviated the smolt window. Additionally, isoforms of the gill NKA enzyme and endocrine signals suggest that the stimulus for smelting occurred prior emigration from the natal lake. Modeling the thermal experience that smolts encountered as they migrated downstream to the ocean in 2012 suggested Chilko fish did not experience temperatures as warm as the temperatures that abbreviated the smolt window in my study. Furthermore, climate change projections for temperature may not limit successful emigration of Chilko sockeye salmon smolts from central British Columbia to the ocean – but changes in other abiotic and biotic factors may confound this prediction.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b2055246


title: Nos histoires:  A reflection in democratic discourse in a French primary classroom.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 125

subject: French language -- Study and teaching as a second language -- Immersion method.

subject: Oral communication.

subject: Social skills in children -- Study and teaching (Elementary)

subject: Children -- Language.

subject: PC2074.8 D38 2005

abstract: This study used an interpretive model of classroom action research and focused on the planning, implementing, and rejection related to a dialing routine called Nos histoires in a Grade 1 French Immersion classroom. The sharing of personal narratives provided opportunities for students to be motivated to practice language because the topics were of personal interest to them; for students to extend conversations and create social interaction through the set-aside time for dialogue; and finally, for students to work together, construct knowledge collaboratively and acknowledge living together in the same space, thus living a good life. Reflections confirmed student discourse could be useful in a second language setting. The sharing time experienced by the children became a practical routine for fostering the theoretical ideals implicit in Vygotsky\u2019s social learning theory and in the theory of democracy. The practices of dialogue and caring expanded into other routines throughout the school day, and connections were made between socioculturalism and democracy, and democracy and action research.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1288133


title: Genecology of 20 paper birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh.) provenances from British Columbia and northern Idaho.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 90

subject: Paper birch -- Seeds -- Research -- British Columbia.

subject: Paper birch -- Seeds -- Research -- Idaho.

subject: Genotype-environment interaction.

subject: Paper birch -- Growth.

subject: Paper birch -- Genetics.

subject: SD397.P28 B35 2009

abstract: Paper birch is an ecologically valuable species with a broad geographic distribution and increasingly valuable commercial attributes. Its diversity, versatility and enduring nature make it an ideal candidate for a selective breeding program. However, an understanding of the genecology of the species and an understanding of the potential impacts of climate change will be fundamental to its success. The objectives of the trail were to determine if the phenotypic variability observed in paper birch for certain traits was due to genetics, the growing environment or an interaction between the two. Traits examined were bud flush (phenological) and height growth (morphological). Whether or not nursery practices were a factor was also examined. Twenty provenances of paper birch were collected from five regions in British Columbia (BC) and northern Idaho. Seedlings were grown at three nurseries in BC and Idaho and planted in a randomized single tree interlocking block design in three common gardens in BC and Idaho. Geographic variation in the timing of bud burst in paper birch is under genetic and environmental control. It follows climatic clines based on latitude, longitude and elevation. The signal for the onset of spring bud flush is determined by an interaction between air and soil temperature and photoperiod. Long distance displacement of provenances from their site of origin can lead to detrimental abiotic and biotic effects such as frost or pest damage. Differences in stock handling among nurseries and nursery displacement effects also influenced the growth and survival of some provenances. This information will be useful when developing seed zones and seed transfer guidelines for paper birch in BC. It will also help mitigate the potential impacts of climate change and will be beneficial if a selective breeding program is established.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1601609


title: A hybrid approach for FAQ retrieval tasks

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 160

subject: Text processing (Computer science)

subject: Information storage and retrieval systems.

subject: Information retrieval -- Data processing.

subject: QA76.9.T48 .Z44 2005

abstract: FAQ (Frequently Asked Question) collections are constructed to solve users' problems by providing related information in question-answer pairs. The task of searching a large FAQ collection can be viewed as the automatic retrieval of an FAQ entity that semantically matches a user query written in natural language. However, this task remains unsolved due to various difficulties. This thesis presents an approach comprised of three IR methods: the term expansion technique, differential latent semantic indexing (DLSI) approach, and template structure with related algorithms for solving FAQ retrieval tasks. This thesis is based on studying the advantages and drawbacks of traditional Information Retrieval (IR) techniques already applied to solving other IR problems, early research works related to retrieving FAQs, as well as the template approach that has been used successfully in language tutoring systems. Finally, by giving detailed methodologies of this hybrid approach for solving FAQ retrieval tasks, the effectiveness of the approach is evaluated through a series of experiments with a particular FAQ collection.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1302032


title: Nihl Adagwiy T'gun Adaawaks GalksiGabin (Here Is the Story of GalksiGabin): A modern auto-ethnography of a Nisga'a man.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 109

subject:
Niska Indians.
Niska Indians -- Philosophy.
Niska Indians -- History.
E99.N734 R63 2008

abstract: This thesis is an auto-ethnographic description of my life as GalksiGabin, Andrew Robinson, a proud member of the Nisga'a Nation who has grown up during extremely monumental and influential times for Nisga'a people. Not only have my people been witness to the first Comprehensive Land Claim settlement in British Columbia's history, but we have found the ways and strength to make our traditional lives and Ayuukhl (laws) work with the Canadian State. Within this work, I describe the importance and foundation of our existence as Nisga'a. This includes: geography and culture, social organization and language, and finally, Nisga'a governance. By beginning each of my chapters with a story, I honour the integrity of the oral society I am born from, while placing each of my ethnographical headings in a context that is appropriate to the chapter. In discussing geography and culture, one will find my elaboration on the Nisga'a lands that I come from and the intricate relationship those lands have with dictating much of our social system. In my chapter on social organization and language, the reader will get a glimpse into how the Nisga'a social system is dependent on the sustainability of a society that has been in place for thousands of years. Finally, in regards to governance, I discuss the infamous Nisga'a Treaty and its new-found, interrelated relationship with the Nisga'a Ayuukhl (laws) that have governed our Nation since time immemorial. Throughout the thesis, I have utilized my language where it is necessary and appropriate in order to bring forward that this thesis represents a world view that Nisga'a people call Sayt K'ilim Goot (Of One Heart). Writing this thesis has given me an opportunity to revisit the foundations of my world view and reminded me of the testimony of the Elders I grew up with who taught me their wisdom. For this I am grateful, and even more proud to know the sacredness I have been blessed with in my life. I am honoured to share my story with you. T'yooyak'siy niin. --P.iii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1513762


title: Regional, ecological, and temporal patterns in Douglas-fir climate-growth relationships in the British Columbia interior.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 146

subject: Douglas fir -- Growth -- Climatic factors.

subject: Douglas fir -- Effect of temperature on -- British Columbia.

subject: SD397.D7 G75 2008

abstract: How climate change will affect tree growth across species' ranges remains a critical knowledge gap. Tree-ring data were analyzed from 33 Douglas-fir stands spanning a wide climatic and geographic range in the interior of British Columbia to identify regional and ecological patterns between climate and growth. Populations growing in warm and dry climates had growth patterns correlated mostly to local annual precipitation, whereas populations growing in high-elevation wet and cold climates were more correlated to annual/winter snowfall/winter temperatures and quasi-periodic ocean-atmosphere climate systems. Populations growing near the climatic margins of the species' range had the strongest responses to climate variability. Examining these relationships over different temporal scales revealed that some climate-growth relationships have varied substantially over time. Our results indicate that in the interior of British Columbia, Douglas-fir growth responses to climate change will not be uniform over time and space.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1599558


title: Cariboo: A novel.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 106

subject: Women -- British Columbia -- Cariboo Region -- Fiction.

subject: Historical fiction, Canadian (English)

subject: PS8639.I5 C37 2011

abstract: This thesis consists of the first fourteen chapters of a novel about the Cariboo. The time line for the novel is during inter-war years and following World War Two. Martha Scott arrives in Vancouver in 1938 determined to find a better life for herself here than the one she had in Britain. There she felt stifled as a woman and disliked the perception of women as being fit only for a life of domesticity. Idealistic and opinionated with an independent spirit, she embraces her new life in Vancouver. After meeting a young Canadian lawyer on the boat coming over, romance flourishes and they marry. Martha is now dependent on her husband. She gives up her job and assumes a domestic role. They move to Wells in the Cariboo, where Martha more used to an urban lifestyle, must now accommodate herself to life in a remote rural gold town. --P. ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1740945


title: The development of Native Studies at Canadian universities:  Four programs, four provinces, four decades.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 152

subject: Indigenous peoples -- Study and teaching (Higher) -- Canada -- History.

subject: Indians of North America -- Study and teaching (Higher) -- Canada -- History.

subject: E78.C2 T36 1997

abstract: An historical and critical examination of First Nations programs at Trent University, the Saskatchewan Indian Federated College, The University of Alberta, and UNBC.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1180880


title: Visitor trail attribute expectations for a proposed heritage trail: potential impacts for an integrated resource management regime

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 167

subject: Cariboo Wagon Road (B.C.) -- Public use.

subject: Roads -- British Columbia -- Caribou Region -- Public use.

subject: Trails -- Public use -- British Columbia -- Caribou Region.

subject: Historic sites -- Public use -- British Columbia -- Caribou Region.

subject: Resource allocation.

subject: FC3815.C37 F54 1999

abstract: This thesis examined a method of identifying heritage visitors' expectations of trail attributes encountered on a multi-use trail and how these expectations could be incorporated into an Integrated Resource Management planning process. Using data from a mail-out survey exploring heritage visitors expectations for standards affected by recreational, forestry, and mining activities, the research proposed an alternative method of collecting user needs data to be incorporated into a heritage trail design plan. The survey design employed expectancy theory to reveal heritage visitors' expectations towards types of recreational encounter and impacts from potential logging or mining activity. Residency proved to be the single most determining expectancy variable analysed in this study for differences in impact assessments. Interviews with identified resource planning stakeholders were used to analyse how survey data would be incorporated by stakeholders in shared-use decision making processes for resource planning. Integrated Resource Management planning methods have proven effective in utilising research data from multiple fields in a collaborative process of negotiated use or access. This thesis provides research from a recreational and heritage perspective to aid these collaborative development efforts. The relatively homogenous survey results from heritage visitors suggest they hold similar attitudes towards both recreational and industrial pursuits on or near the trail. Preferences lie in non-mechanised low-impact recreation and very limited industrial activities which predominately represent previous historical practices. Stakeholder interview results indicate that as planning data, the incorporation of this data will be dependent upon each stakeholder group's organisational mandate.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1201604


title: Effects of root deformation on growth and susceptibility of lodgepole pine to attack by the Warren root collar weevil.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 153

subject: Lodgepole pine -- British Columbia -- Prince George Region -- Roots.

subject: Lodgepole pine -- Diseases and pests -- British Columbia -- Prince George Region.

subject: Pine root collar weevil -- British Columbia -- Prince George Region.

subject: SB608.L6 R63 2004

abstract: No abstract available.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1275035


title: How siblings, raised in abusive or neglectful homes, are treated similarly or differently: An exploration by Northern social workers.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 108

subject: Abused children -- Family relationships -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Brothers -- Abuse of -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: HV6626.54.C3 L57 2010

abstract: In situations of child abuse or neglect, it is beneficial to know how and why siblings may be treated differently. The thesis question was investigated using transcendental phenomenology. The participants were social workers in northern British Columbia, who worked for a minimum of two years in a position assessing risk to families. In this study, siblings who were treated differently by their abusive parents were male children who were physical and emotionally abused by a step-father. Two reasons given were because of the parent's upbringing, and the child's behavioural diagnoses. Further, siblings who are treated similarly in abusive homes were neglected by their mother. Neglect occurs because of mental health diagnoses and alcohol and substance misuse by the parent. The childhood experiences of the parent, including sibling relationships, and keeping Aboriginal children connected to their communities are also themes from this research. Solution-focused therapy was suggested as one treatment to be used by clinicians working with siblings who have been abused. Social workers working with families assessing risk may examine these results when working with abusive or neglectful families where children appear to be treated similarly or differently. --P. ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1659538


title: Leading for literacy: Building capacity for school-wide improvement.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 220

subject:
Teachers -- Training of.
Literacy -- Study and teaching.
Teaching -- Training of -- Planning.
LB1027.47 .B35 2011

abstract: This collaborative inquiry documents the experiences of five secondary school teachers who worked together to improve teaching and learning by developing a Literacy Inquiry Team. The purpose of this study was to explore connections between teacher leadership and school improvement, specifically by attempting to improve literacy instruction through collaborative, teacher-led initiatives. The collected data documents our collaborative planning, instructional changes, as well as our perceptions of our instructional improvements as the Literacy Inquiry Team moved through the seven stages of Sagor's ...action research process. The analysis revealed that teachers in a wide range of subject areas can make a mental shift in their thinking to believe in the effectiveness of literacy instruction in building student capacity for learning. The findings suggest that teachers will make a larger commitment to making further instructional improvements after they see a connection between literacy instruction and deeper student learning. The findings also demonstrate that collaborative inquiry teams are an effective way for teachers to begin building shared meaning ...and capacity for improvement. Finally, the collected data documents my leadership growth as I led the Literacy Inquiry Team. I identified several skills that are necessary in leading an inquiry team to improve literacy: these skills include establishing a shared vision for improvement, supporting teachers with resources, developing a culture of support, encouraging varied approaches while maintaining a common team focus, and developing a data driven system to evaluate student learning. --P. ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1754823


title: What do Inuit drawings mean to Nisga'a children?

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 157

subject: Art appreciation -- Cross-cultural studies.

subject: Intercultural communication.

subject: Inuit art -- Appreciation.

subject: Arts and children.

subject: NX627 .I98 2002

abstract: No abstract available.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1232059


title: A structural equation model of alcohol misuse among clients of the Healthiest Babies Possible Program.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 120

subject: Alcoholism in pregnancy -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Alcoholism -- British Columbia, Northern -- Psychological aspects.

subject: Alcoholism -- Social aspects -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: RG580.A46 S63 2002

abstract: No abstract available.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1230446


title: Recruitment and retention challenges of a regional centre of a resource-based region:  The case study of Prince George, BC.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 147

subject: Employees -- Recruiting -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Employee retention -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: Resource-based communities -- British Columbia -- Prince George -- Case studies.

subject: Resource-based communities -- British Columbia, Northern.

subject: HD5717.5.C22 B8 W39 2005

abstract: This thesis challenges the idea that only small resource-based communities have recruitment and retention issues by examining a regional centre of a resource-based region, Prince George, British Columbia. To test whether the pull and push factors were consistent between these two types of communities, this thesis surveyed new residents to Prince George and human resource professionals. The results confirmed that Prince George shares many of the same pull factors (e.g., employment, natural setting, and friendliness) and push factors (e.g., loss of employment, climate, and isolation) of smaller resource-based communities. The number of services did not appear to be as large an issue for Prince George as it was for the smaller communities. For example, the presence of post-secondary institutions was viewed very positively. Prince George's most important push factor, poor air quality, appears to be unique to this case study as the literature does not identify environmental problems as a general push factor of resource-based communities. It is important to note that Prince George's recruitment and retention issues were not perceived to be as severe as those facing many of its smaller neighbours. Recruitment and retention are important governance issues as the inability to attract professionals can severely hamper overall community development and many of the push and pull factors represent broader quality of life issues. As such, recruitment and retention issues are not just a business issue. Therefore, addressing the push and pull factors will require the collective action of multiple actors.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1288433


title: An evaluation of the supplemental instruction program implemented in a first-year calculus course.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 77

subject:
Peer teaching -- Evaluation.
Calculus -- Study and teaching (Higher)
College students -- Rating of.
LB1031.5 .F39 2005

abstract: No abstract available.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1301932


title: Pragmatism, projections, priorities, plans and politics in Prince George: Adapting to climate change in a Canadian community.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 199

subject: Climatic changes -- Government policy -- British Columbia -- Prince George.

subject: Climatic changes -- Risk management -- British Columbia -- Prince George.

subject: Climatic changes -- Risk assessment -- British Columbia -- Prince George.

subject: QC985.5.B82 P75 2013

abstract: The two principal human responses to climate change are adaptation and mitigation. A small, but growing, number of scientific and professional efforts are focusing toward adaptation, as it becomes clear that mitigation efforts alone can no longer effectively minimize the negative impacts of climate change. Local governments are well suited to undertake proactive adaptation measures due to their abilities to apply social capital, act quickly, and implement actions that can provide direct benefits for residents. Like many northern communities, the City of Prince George, Canada, has been experiencing rapid rates of climate change. City practitioners have been responding to changing conditions in the region for years, and expressed interest in formally exploring adaptation with researchers. During a focused one-day workshop, an overview of climate change and past climate trend and future projection information were presented to local staff and stakeholders, and applied to determine impact priorities. The workshop outcomes were triangulated with community feedback to create an adaptation strategy for Prince George. Changes to forests and increased flooding are the top local priorities, and impacts related to transportation infrastructure, severe weather and water supply are high priorities. Other impacts, such as agricultural changes, are important but did not rank highly using a risk assessment framework. The adaptation strategy precipitated further local engagement and action. Researchers participated in the processes to create a sustainability plan and update the Official Community Plan for Prince George. Many adaptation measures were integrated into both documents. Factors enabling the incorporation of adaptation included the high level of local knowledge and existing adaptation strategy. Many barriers, including limited policy direction and a lack of priority, continue to pose challenges in mainstreaming adaptation into local plans. Additional research focused on forests, flooding, transportation infrastructure

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1890944


title: Performance on the Geriatric Learning and Memory Battery by persons with mild and moderate stage Alzheimer's disease.

subject:
Alzheimer's disease.
RC523 .H46 1998

abstract: No abstract available.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1191660


title: Isolation and characterization of the U4 snRNP in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 117

subject:
Ribosomes -- Research.
RNA splicing.
QH603.R5 L34 2008

abstract: Pre-messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) splicing is a cellular phenomenon common to all eukaryotes in which non-coding sequences are removed from pre-mRNA transcripts and the coding sequences spliced together yielding mRNA. The spliceosome is the entire complement of proteins and snRNAs responsible for pre-mRNA splicing and forms around a core of five small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles (snRNPs). There is evidence suggesting that the RNA component of the spliceosome is responsible for the two transesterification reactions that produce the spliced mRNA, highlighting the importance of understanding the behaviour of spliceosomal RNAs and the relationship between RNA and proteins in the spliceosome. With the goal of identifying the major structures of the spliceosome and their organization, there has been an effort to isolate the discrete snRNPs, identify the associated proteins and structurally characterize the particles. While the U1, U2, U4/U6, U4/U6.U5 and U2/U6 snRNPs have been isolated and studied, there are other snRNPs that have been hypothesized to exist. The U4 snRNA is believed to exist as a discrete particle prior to incorporation into the U4/U6 snRNP however, the free U4 snRNP has not been isolated as it does not accumulate in cellular lysates. This investigation utilized both genetic and biochemical means to generate U4 snRNP from Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the purposes of isolation and characterization. I identified the 1sub/4sub allele of prp24 ...as a mutation set that causes a shift to almost 100% of U4 RNA in the cell occurring in the free form. Analysis of lysates from this strain on cesium chloride gradients provided evidence that the accumulated U4 RNA is associated with a mass of protein and that it is indeed an RNP. In addition, I successfully modified Raghunathan & Guthrie's ...method of generating Brr2-released U4 snRNA species with the goal of creating a preparative system for generating U4 snRNA/P and confirmed that the released species is not composed of naked RNA and is als

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1513769


title: The impact of parental death and socioeconomic factors on children in sub-Saharan Africa.

contributor: Safaei Boroojeny, Jalil (Thesis advisor)

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 128

subject: Orphans -- Africa, Sub-Saharan -- Economic conditions.

subject: Orphans -- Africa, Sub-Saharan -- Social conditions.

subject: Parents -- Death.

subject: Orphans -- Nutrition -- Africa, Sub-Saharan.

subject: Children -- Africa, Sub-Saharan -- Economic conditions.

subject: Children -- Africa, Sub-Saharan -- Social conditions.

subject: HV1337 .C73 2010

abstract: Mass orphanhood in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) results from conflict, poverty, and disease. In the absence of resilient fostering systems, orphans may be more vulnerable to health hazards after losing one or both parents, depending on each parent's care roles. Using multiple logistic regression on national household survey data for four SSA countries, this thesis explores: 1) which socioeconomic and demographic factors are risk factors for child undernutrition and 2) whether different types of orphans confer varied degrees of vulnerability to undernutrition. Child age, household wealth, and mother's education are significant and reliable predictors of undernutrition. The child's sex, and maternal and paternal orphanhood also have some impact, but the results are not as reliable. These findings add to limited scholarship about health outcomes of maternal versus paternal orphans. More investigations into individual countries' orphan crisis are needed. --P.ii.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1659520


title: Carbon sequestration in British Columbian sub-boreal cut blocks

format:
electronic
Number of pages in document: 118

subject: Carbon sequestration -- British Columbia -- Aleza Lake Research Forest.

subject: Forest microclimatology -- British Columbia -- Aleza Lake Research Forest.

subject: Forest management -- Environmental aspects -- British Columbia -- Aleza Lake Research Forest.

subject: SD387.C37 P97 2001

abstract: During the summers of 1999 and 2000 measurments of component and ecosystem-level C02 fluxes were taken in seven cut blocks aged 0, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9 and 10years since harvest in the Aleza Lake Research Forest, near Prince George, British Columbia. A Bowen ratio energy balance (BREB) system was placed within a 5 to 6 year-old planted interior spruce (Picea glauca x Picea engelmanniz) clearcut to measure the ecosystem C02 flux during the 1999 and 2000 growing seasons. To substantiate the BREB measures of the ecosystem C02 flux a second method, called the component model, was established based on instantaneous measurements of component C02 fluxes (conifer, herbaceous plant, woody shrub and below ground) scaled up to the ecosystem-level. Both approaches indicated inter-annual variation in the growing season C02 fluxes. The 1999 growing season ecosystem C02 flux measurements estimated the clearcut to be a sink of -20 ~ 43 g C m~2 and -86 g C m~2 from 27 June to 3 September, using the BREB method and component model respectively. In contrast, in 2000 the growing season C02 flux during the same time period was a source of 43 g C m~2 (BREB method) and 66 ~44 g C m~2 (component model) during the same period. In 2000, an additional 50 days of measurement, from 24 May to 20 September, indicated an even larger source of C02 totaling 143 ~57 and 103 g C m~2 using the BREB method and component model, respectively. However, regardless of the approach used, both years would have been sources of C02 if additional measures were taken for the entire year. The component fluxes were dominated by the C02 source from below ground (338 and 466 g C m~2 in 1999 and 2000, respectively) and the C02 sink provided by the deciduous plants (-382 and -365 g C m~2 in 1999 and 2000 respectively). The conifer photosynthetic C02 uptake for the 5 to 6 year-old clearcut was meager in comparison (-47 and -57 g C m~2 in 1999 and 2000, respectively). During the 2000 growing season, the below ground C02 flux and above ground biomass was measured in 7 cut blocks aged 0, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9 and 10 years and one mature stand. All sites were in the SBS wkl 08 or 07 except the 0 and 9 year-old sites that were of the sub series 01. The growing season below ground C02 flux was similar for all cut blocks, including the mature forest. Furthermore, there was little change in above ground biomass carbon uptake between the different aged cut blocks. Hence, when biomass was incorporated with the below ground C02 fluxes all cut blocks were sources for C02\u2022 Therefore, cut blocks within the Aleza Lake region (SBS wk1 07 or 08) are sources of C02 for at least 10 years after harvest because the conifer component of the C02 flux is incapable of surmounting the loss of C02 from below ground.

abstract: The original print copy of this thesis may be available here: http://wizard.unbc.ca/record=b1219468