title: Experimental Evidence of Transitive Inference in Black-Capped Chickadees

contributor:
Ratcliffe, Laurene
Biology

subject:
Transitive Inference
Black-Capped Chickadee
Eavesdropping
Song Contests

abstract: Thesis (Master, Biology) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-24 10:45:17.316

abstract: Many recent discoveries in animal cognition have shown that species once thought to be relatively simple are in fact capable of complex problem-solving in accordance with their ecological needs. These findings have resulted from experiments designed with the evolutionary history of the focal species in mind. Transitive inference (TI), the abiliy to infer the ordering of non-adjacent objects within a series, is a cognitive skill once thought to be exclusive to humans. Now considered a litmus-test for logical-relational reasoning, TI is thought to have evolved in social species in order to help track dominance relationships. Although recent work has shown that animals can display TI, it has yet to be demonstrated in the natural context in which it evolved. Songbirds may use TI to gain relative dominance information about others during countersinging interactions, through their use of network communication. Here I demonstrate that black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) use TI to judge the relative rank of unknown territorial intruders during the breeding season using dominance information provided through song contests. Using a multispeaker playback, I provided focal males with the relative ranks of three simulated “males” through two countersinging interactions (A > B, B > C). I predicted that when presented with the non-adjacent pair (A and C) with no relative rank information provided, focal males would choose to defend against the intruder they perceived as the greater threat. Consistent with my predictions, the majority of focal males approached “male” A. Additionally, male responses were influenced by age, with older males (in their second or later breeding season) approaching the dominant intruder more consistently than younger males (in their first breeding season). This is the first instance of TI being demonstrated in a natural population of untrained animals, and has important implications for the understanding of songbird communication networks. Transitive inference may be used in several natural situations by chickadees throughout the breeding season and a number of possible avenues for future TI research are discussed. Additionally, methods are suggested for the examination of TI during the non-breeding season.

abstract: M.Sc.


title: The use and safety of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine in Grade 8 girls in KFL&A

contributor:
Lévesque, Linda E.
Brassard, Paul
Community Health and Epidemiology

rights: This publication is made available by the authority of the copyright owner solely for the purpose of private study and research and may not be copied or reproduced except as permitted by the copyright laws without written authority from the copyright owner.

subject:
HPV vaccine
pharmacoepidemiology
drug safety
public health

abstract: Thesis (Master, Community Health & Epidemiology) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-28 22:53:11.652

abstract: INTRODUCTION: Use of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine through Ontario’s $117 million program has been low, reaching only half of the eligible population. Safety concerns have been identified as a major barrier to vaccine uptake. In order to maximize the benefits of this program, it is necessary to understand factors associated with vaccine use and address parental safety concerns. DESIGN: We conducted a population-based, retrospective cohort study of girls eligible for Ontario’s Grade 8 HPV vaccination program in 2007 and 2008 residing in the Kingston, Frontenac, Lennox and Addington (KFL&A) health region. METHODS: Using data from the province’s administrative databases, we described the patterns of use of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine, identified factors associated with this use, and assessed the vaccine’s safety with respect to the risk of autoimmune diseases. To assess vaccine use, cross-tabulations were used to determine the vaccination and adherence status of girls according to socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. Logistic regression was used to estimate the strength of these associations. To assess the risk of autoimmune diseases, we identified all new cases of selected autoimmune diseases diagnosed during study follow-up. Juvenile arthritis was the only condition for which there were sufficient cases to permit further analysis. Rate ratios for juvenile arthritis were estimated using a self-matched analysis. RESULTS: We identified a cohort of 2519 girls eligible for publicly funded HPV vaccination in KFL&A, 56.6% of whom received at least one dose of the HPV vaccine and 48.2% of whom received all three doses. Vaccinated and unvaccinated girls differed only on the basis of vaccination history, whereas adherers and non-adherers differed on the basis of socio-demographics. The risk of juvenile arthritis was more than four times higher in the 60 days following HPV vaccination than in other time periods (RR 4.33, 95% CI 1.36-13.73). This risk appeared to vary across time. CONCLUSION: The results of this thesis provide new evidence of an increased risk of juvenile arthritis following quadrivalent HPV vaccination in girls aged approximately 13-15 years. Moreover, it demonstrates differences between vaccinated and unvaccinated girls, as well as adherers and non-adherers that have potential policy implications.

abstract: M.Sc.


title: Neural correlates of selective attention in cognitively normal older adults, patients with mild cognitive impairment and patients with mild Alzheimer's disease

contributor:
Garcia, Angeles A.
Neuroscience Studies

subject:
selective attention
Stroop task

abstract: Thesis (Master, Neuroscience Studies) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-24 11:33:28.83

abstract:
It is well established that people experience a decline in cognitive functions, such as selective attention (SA), as they get older. SA is the ability to focus on task-relevant information and suppress task-irrelevant information. The Stroop task has been used to assess SA. In the current study, the neural correlates of SA were investigated using functional MRI-Stroop task with cognitively normal older adults (NC), patients with amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI) and patients with mild Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
   The current study reanalyzed previous master student’s data, due to the disagreement in analyzing the data. In the fMRI data analysis, the contrast of correct responses in the naming incongruent color (SC) condition minus correct responses in the reading incongruent word (RW) condition (SC-RW) in series 2a and 2b was reanalyzed using an event-related analysis.
   The current Stroop experiment was in a block design with four series: series 0, series 1, series 2a and 2b. In behavioral analysis, the performance of the word-reading task was expected to be significantly better than the color-naming task in series 1, series 2a and 2b because the belief that reading incongruent color word was always an easier task than the color-naming task. The results from behavioral analysis showed that significant more errors were made in reading incongruent color words in series 2a and 2b than in series 1. In the functional MRI data analysis, although brain activation associated with inhibition was expected in the contrast of SC-RW of series 2a & 2b, the results did not show any brain activation. The unexpected results could be due to the RSE that was elicited by the task switching paradigm of series 2a and 2b. The results suggest that the current Stroop task adapted from the Stroop Neuropsychological Screening Test may not yield a Stroop interference effect of sufficient magnitude to be detected with fMRI in the contrast of SC-RW of series 2a and 2b.

abstract: M.Sc.


title: Cognitive Training With Video Games: The Role of Target Presentation Rate and Maximum Target Eccentricity

contributor:
Wilson, Daryl
Psychology

subject: Training Attention Practice Visual

abstract: Thesis (Master, Psychology) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-24 11:52:47.173

abstract: Action video games have been shown to improve the visual cognitive abilities of those who played them for as little as ten hours when compared to those who played a control non-action video game for the same period (Green & Bavelier, 2003).  The purpose of the current study was to examine which specific traits of action video games are responsible for which specific changes in visual cognition occurring while playing action video games.  To test this, the visual cognitive abilities of participants were measured using a battery of five tasks before and after ten hours of practice with one of four versions of a simplified action video game.  The battery was chosen to measure different aspects of the visual cognitive system.  The Useful Field of View task measures the amount of visual angle the participant can actively attend to at any given time, the spatial limit of visual attention.  The Attentional Blink task measures the ability to monitor one location over time, the temporal flexibility of visual attention.  The Flanker task measures  interference of a task-irrelevant object on a primary task, and is thought to provide an indirect measure of attentional capacity.  The Visual Reaction Time task was intended to be a measure of visual apprehension speed and response generation.  The Visual Search task was intended to measure the ability to find and identify a target amongst distractors.  Participants were randomly assigned to one of four training conditions in a 2X2 factorial design manipulating the rate at which targets appeared and the maximum eccentricity at which the targets appeared during training. The paradigm provided evidence that faster target training rates caused a marginal improvement over the slow rates in the Useful Field of View task from pre-training to post-training. Training with the fast target rate caused greater improvement than the slow rate on the Attentional Blink at only lag 2 and and a reversed effect at lag 6. All groups improved from pre-training to post-training on the Useful Field of View, Attentional Blink and Visual Search tasks. However, there was no differential effect for the narrow and wide training eccentricities.

abstract: M.Sc.


title: Renewing Homeland and Place: Algonquians, Christianity, and Community in Southern New England, 1700-1790

contributor:
Carson, James Taylor
History

subject:
Algonquians
Christianity
Colonization
Land and Community
New England, Eighteenth Century
First Great Awakening

abstract: Thesis (Ph.D, History) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-24 13:20:16.449

abstract: “Renewing Homeland and Place” explores the complex intertwining of evangelical Christianity and notions of place and homeland in Algonquian communities in southern New England during the eighteenth century.  In particular, this dissertation examines the participation of Algonquian men and women in the Protestant evangelical revivals known generally as the “First Great Awakening,” the adoption of New Light beliefs and practices within Algonquian communities, and the ways in which the Christian faith shaped and informed Algonquian understandings of place and community, and the protection of their lands.  Mohegan, Pequot, Niantic, Narragansett, and Montaukett people living in Connecticut, Rhode Island, and on Long Island (New York) struggled continually throughout the eighteenth century to protect their land, resources, and livelihoods from colonial encroachment and dispossession.  Christianity provided many Algonquians with beliefs, practices, and rituals that renewed, rather than erased, the spiritual and sustaining values they attached to their lands and that strengthened, rather than diminished, the kinship ties and sense of community that linked their settlements together.  Equally as significant, the adoption of Christian beliefs and practices brought to the surface the dynamic and contested nature of community and place, and the varying ways in which Algonquians responded to colonization.  As a number of Algonquians attended formal schools, assumed roles as ministers and teachers within their own settlements and among the Haudenosaunee in New York, and formed their own churches, they disagreed within their communities over issues of land use and political authority, and between their communities over the best response to the infringements they continued to suffer.  By the 1770s a number of Christian leaders began to consider relocation to Oneida lands in New York as a solution to the land loss and impoverishment they faced in New England.  While many Algonquians left their coastal homelands for central New York in the 1780s to form the Christian community of Brotherton, a number of Christians remained behind, highlighting the varying paths of adaptation and survival that Natives tread by the end of the century.

abstract: PhD


title: Examining the Relationship Between Alcohol Intoxication, Stress Response and Tension Reduction Alcohol Expectancies

contributor:
Olmstead, Mary C.
Psychology

subject: Stress Alcohol Expectancies

abstract: Thesis (Master, Psychology) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-24 13:28:03.555

abstract: Stress contributes to both the initiation and maintenance of drug use. Drug intake, specifically alcohol, may be reinforced under stressful conditions by reducing anxiety or tension. The pharmacological effects of alcohol, however, cannot account entirely for the tension-reducing experience of intoxication. This suggests that cognitive factors contribute to the stress-dampening effects of alcohol. This study examined this hypothesis by testing how tension-reduction alcohol expectancies moderate the relationship between stress and alcohol intoxication. Stress response was operationalized as an increase in subjective anxiety and impaired sustained attention. Verbal learning, which was hypothesized to not be impaired by the stressor, was used as a cognitive control. One hundred and nine undergraduate students were randomly assigned to one of five groups (low, medium or high dose alcohol; sober; or placebo). Following beverage consumption, participants completed cognitive tasks before and after the Trier Social Stress Test. Participants completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory – State upon arrival in the lab, as well as pre- and post-stressor. They also completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory – Trait and the College Drinking Influences Survey, which includes a Stress Reduction scale. Social stress did not hinder cognitive performance, whereas alcohol impaired sustained attention and verbal learning abilities. The stressor evoked a subjective stress response that was reduced by alcohol and the expectancy of alcohol (i.e., placebo). There was no evidence to suggest that tension reduction alcohol expectancies moderated this effect. These findings replicate alcohol’s ability to dampen a stress response and, furthermore, demonstrate that the expectancy of alcohol is as effective as the drug itself in reducing subjective response to stress. This study highlights the need for further research to elucidate which factors modulate the stress-dampening effect of alcohol in undergraduate students. This knowledge, in turn, could present an opportunity for screening and early interventions to circumvent problem drinking as alcohol consumption is used by this population to cope with stress.

abstract: M.Sc.


title: Biomechanically Constrained Groupwise Statistical Shape Model to Ultrasound Registration of the Lumbar Spine

contributor:
Abolmaesumi, Purang
Mousavi, Parvin
Electrical and Computer Engineering

subject:
Registration
Statistical Shape Mode
Ultrasound
GPU

abstract: Thesis (Master, Electrical & Computer Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-27 20:08:01.828

abstract: Spinal needle injections for back pain management are frequently carried out in hospitals and radiological clinics. Currently, these procedures are performed under fluoroscopy or CT guidance in specialized interventional radiology facilities. As an alternative, the use of inexpensive ultrasound image guidance promises to improve the efficacy and safety of these procedures. We propose to eliminate or reduce the need for ionizing radiation, by creating and registering a statistical shape model of the lumbar vertebrae to 3D ultrasound volumes of patient, using a groupwise registration algorithm. From a total of 35 patient CT volumes, a statistical shape model of the L2, L3 and L4 vertebrae is built, including the mean shape, and principal modes of variation. The statistical shape model is registered to the 3D ultrasound by interchangeably optimizing the model parameters and their relative poses. We also use a biomechanical model to constrain the relative motion of the models throughout the registration process. Validation is performed on three tissue mimicking-phantoms designed to preserve realistic curvature of the spine. We compare pairwise and groupwise registration of the statistical shape model of the spine and demonstrate that clinically acceptable mean target error registration of 2.4 mm can be achieved with the proposed method. Registration results also show that the groupwise registration outperforms the pairwise in terms of success rate.

abstract: M.A.Sc.


title: Multi-Dimensional Analysis of Large, Complex Slope Instability

contributor: Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering

subject:
Geomechanical Engineering
Landslides
Numerical Modelling
Beauregard
Downie Slide

abstract: Thesis (Ph.D, Geological Sciences & Geological Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-24 14:13:43.605

abstract:
Complex deformation processes observed in massive slow-moving, active, landslides are contributed to by topography, non-uniform shear surfaces, heterogeneous rockmass and shear zone strength characteristics, composite failure mechanisms and hydrogeology.  This thesis provides a systematic means to account for geology, geomorphology and geomechanics when interpreting slope deformation processes.  Significant contributions to the field of landslide geomechanics have been made by analyzing how spatially discriminated slope deformations are influenced by spatial variation of geological and geotechnical factors and temporal changes in piezometric levels.
The Downie and Beauregard landslides are massive instabilities that have extensive histories of slope monitoring and observational assessment, and where detailed site investigations have been completed.  A methodology has been developed for the interpretation of 3-dimensional shear zone geometries using spatial prediction algorithms complemented by sound engineering judgment.  The applicability of this process to other spatial data, such as displacement or piezometric records and measurements of material properties is demonstrated.  Composite landslide deformations have been analyzed for both Downie and Beauregard to characterize global slope behaviour and identify localized events.  Furthermore, a new interpretation of landslide morphological regions at Downie is provided.
The research presented in this thesis demonstrates the importance and value of 3-dimensional numerical modelling. A rigorous procedure to numerically simulate large landslides has been developed.  This sophisticated method accounts for complex geometries, heterogeneous shear zone strength parameters, internal shears, interaction between discrete landslide zones and piezometric fluctuations.  This advance in state-of-the-art landslide modelling provides an important tool for investigating dynamic landslide systems.
Based on Downie and Beauregard field data numerical models have been calibrated to reproduce observed slope behaviour.  The calibration process has provided insight on key factors controlling massive slope mechanics.  Calibrated models are used to investigate how trigger scenarios may accelerate deformations at Downie and the effectiveness of a proposed slope drainage system at Beauregard.  The ability to reproduce observed behaviour and forward test hypothesized changes to boundary conditions has valuable application in landslide hazard management. The capacity of decision makers to interpret large amounts of data, respond to rapid changes in a system and understand complex slope dynamics has been enhanced.

abstract: PhD


title: Moral Distress Among Regulated and Unregulated Care Providers Employed in Long Term Care Settings

contributor:
Lamb, Marianne
Nursing

subject:
Moral Distress
Ethics

abstract: Thesis (Master, Nursing) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-24 13:59:20.125

abstract:
The purpose of this research was to describe the experience of moral distress among regulated and unregulated nursing personnel employed in Long Term Care (LTC) facilities. The specific research questions were: 1) Do regulated and unregulated nursing personnel experience moral distress? 2) What is the nature of moral distress in LTC facilities? 3) How do nursing personnel describe and perceive the experience of moral distress? 4) What are the organizational factors that participants perceive as contributing to or reducing moral distress in their workplace?
A qualitative, descriptive, study design was used.  Semi-structured interviews were the method of data collection and analysis was conducted using thematic content analysis as proposed by Miles and Huberman’s (1994).  A purposive sample of 16 participants was recruited from two LTC facilities.
Participants described work experiences in which they felt they were unable to do the “right thing”.  There were four kinds of situations that gave rise to moral distress:  end of life care, resident behaviours, other direct care provider behaviours and the work environment.  The experience of moral distress was described in terms of an initial emotional reaction, followed by a response, with resolved or unresolved outcomes.  Half of the examples described by participants as giving rise to moral distress, remained unresolved.  Participants also identified organizational factors that prevented moral distress and assisted with its resolution such as, educational courses, administrative leadership and pastoral support.

abstract: MNSc.


title: Effect of Composition on Periprosthetic Fluid Rheology and Friction in Total Knee Arthroplasty

contributor:
Kontopoulou, Marianna
Bryant, J. Tim
Chemical Engineering

subject:
Prosthetic Joints
Friction
Lubrication
Periprosthetic Fluid

abstract: Thesis (Ph.D, Chemical Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-24 14:06:41.437

abstract:
The present thesis investigates the friction properties of total knee replacement components using lubricating fluids of different composition and rheology. The first stage of the thesis involves characterization of the rheological properties of hyaluronic acid (HA)/bovine calf serum (BCS) solutions. With increased concentration and molecular weight of HA, higher viscosities and more pronounced shear thinning in steady shear flow was observed. In dynamic oscillatory flow, the elastic character of the solutions became more pronounced and the cross-over frequency decreased upon increasing concentration and molecular weight of HA.

The second part of the thesis involves the determination of a method by which the coefficient of friction is estimated using a linear reciprocating wear testing machine with spherical metal indenters articulating on flat UHMWPE samples and deionised (D.I.) water lubrication. A characteristic periodic pattern in the friction behaviour was observed and the coefficient of friction was computed by calculating the average of 30 points about the midpoint between reversals and using the average of three cycles.

The third part of the thesis involves the investigation of the effect of fluid composition on the coefficient of friction in knee replacement components. With increased concentration of HA in solution (0-1mg/mL), the coefficient of friction of HA/BCS solutions decreased.  However, with HA/BCS solutions of higher HA concentrations (above 1mg/mL), no significant difference in the coefficient of friction was observed. Similar behavior was observed with HA/Albumin solutions. With HA/ D.I. water solutions, the coefficient of friction was almost identical irrespective of the concentration of HA in solution. Significant difference in the rheological properties of HA/D.I. water solutions did not affect the coefficient of friction. The Stribeck analysis revealed that the coefficient of friction with HA/BCS and HA/D.I. water lubrication was not governed by hydrodynamic conditions.

The fourth part of this thesis involved characterization of lubricating fluids before and after friction testing. Absorbance and dynamic light scattering measurements of HA/BCS solutions and of HA/Albumin solutions indicate a rise in turbidity and the presence of larger size particles in these solutions after friction testing.  The ninhydrin test confirmed the presence of protein in the precipitates obtained following testing.

abstract: PhD


title: Stair Negotiation in an older adult population: Analysis of the lower limb

contributor:
Costigan, Patrick
Kinesiology and Health Studies

subject:
stair negotiation
lower limb
kinematics
kinetics

abstract: Thesis (Ph.D, Kinesiology & Health Studies) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-24 14:50:22.242

abstract:
Stair negotiation has been identified by older adults as one of the most challenging locomotor tasks, one that is associated with a high risk for falls and serious injury.  Currently lacking is a comprehensive understanding of the lower limb during stair negotiation in an older adult population.  It has been identified that more research is needed to determine key determinants of difficulty and safety on stairs.  The objective of this thesis was to investigate lower limb kinematics and kinetics during stair negotiation and evaluate the impact of handrail use on stair ambulation in young adults, older adults, and older adults with a fear of falling (FOF).
The four studies that make up this dissertation provide a detailed picture of the lower limb joint kinematics and kinetics during stair ambulation, as well as provide insight into the role of handrail use and FOF in performance of stair negotiation.
Specifically, in the first study principal component analysis (PCA) was used, of the scores generated from the PCA models four principal component (PC) scores were identified that could be used to correctly classify 95% of young and older adults.  The second study provided a comprehensive data set of lower limb joint kinematics and kinetics during stair negotiation. The third study identified comparable centre of pressure velocities (VCOP) between young adults and older adults during stair negotiation with and without a handrail. Whereas older adults with FOF demonstrated reduced VCOP during stair negotiation without a handrail and further reduced VCOP when using the handrail. Furthermore, no significant difference in lower limb moments during stair negotiation with and without a handrail were found in older adults, as was similar for older adults with FOF. However, a gait assessment revealed that older adults with FOF demonstrated differences from ‘normal’ gait patterns during stair negotiation with and without a handrail.
These studies provide a comprehensive normative dataset of the lower limb joint kinematics and kinetics during stair negotiation, as well as provide insight into the role of handrail use and fear of falling in performance of stair ambulation. It is important to appreciate the nature and extent of normal age-related adaption and compensatory strategies to identify unique patterns of movement due to the superimposition of pathology.

abstract: PhD


title: Model-Based Segmentation and Recognition of Continuous Gestures

contributor:
Greenspan, Michael A.
Electrical and Computer Engineering

subject:
Continuous Gesture Recognition
Gesture Segmentation

abstract: Thesis (Ph.D, Electrical & Computer Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-24 19:27:43.316

abstract:
Being one of the most active research topics in the computer vision field, automatic human gesture recognition is receiving increasing attention driven by its promising applications, ranging from surveillance and human monitoring, human-computer interface (HCI), and motion analysis, etc. Segmentation and recognition of human
dynamic gestures from continuous video streams is considered to be a highly challenging task due to the spatio-temporal variation and endpoint localization issues.

In this thesis, we propose a Motion Signature, which is a 3D spatio-temporal surface based upon the evolution of a contour over time, to reliably represent dynamic motion.  A Gesture Model, is
then constructed by a set of mean and variance images of Motion Signatures in a multi-scale manner, which not only is able to
accommodate a wide range of spatio-temporal variation, but also has the advantage of requiring only a small amount of training data.

Three approaches have been proposed to simultaneously segment and recognize gestures from continuous streams, which mainly differ in the way that the endpoints of gestures are located.  While the first
approach adopts an explicit multi-scale search strategy to find the endpoints of the gestures, the other two employ Dynamic Programming (DP) to handle this issue.  All the three methods are rooted in the
idea that segmentation and recognition are actually the two aspects of the same problem, and that the solution to either one of them will lead to the solution of the other.  This is novel to most methods in the literature, which separate segmentation and
recognition into two phases, and perform segmentation before recognition by looking into abrupt motion feature changes.

The performance of the methods has been evaluated and compared on two types of gestures: two arms movement and a single hand movement.
Experimental results have shown that all three methods achieved high recognition rates, ranging from 88% to 96% for upper body
gestures, with the last one outperforming the other two.  The single hand experiment also suggested that the proposed method has the potential to be applied to the application of continuous sign language recognition.

abstract: PhD


title: Drawing from the Well: Women's Spiritual Experiences in Healing from Child Sexual Abuse

contributor:
Pentland, Wendy
Rehabilitation Science

subject:
Healing
Spiritual Experiences
Child Sexual Abuse
Narrative Inquiry
Occupational Therapy
Recovery

abstract: Thesis (Ph.D, Rehabilitation Science) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-24 15:57:19.931

abstract:
The prevalence of child sexual abuse remains high with girls 1.5 to 3 times more likely to be victims compared to boys. In addition to psychological and emotional challenges, this abuse can lead to spiritual difficulties that impact survivors’ ability to find meaning in their life, find a sense of purpose, experience hope or believe in a world that is just. Spirituality can facilitate healing and this study contributes to that knowledge base by exploring women’s own perspectives.
The purpose of this qualitative narrative study is to understand, from women’s perspectives, the role of spiritual experiences in their healing from the impacts of child sexual abuse. Spiritual experiences were defined as any experiences that have a different reality or feeling compared to our usual everyday reality that may seem extraordinary or unexplainable, or very ordinary yet meaningful. Twenty in-depth individual interviews were conducted with ten women survivors of child sexual abuse. Narrative analysis methods were used to derive key themes that represent participants’ perspectives of how spiritual experiences enhance healing.
Results of this study show that spiritual experiences opened doorways to self, shifted energy, expanded perspective, revealed truths, connected to the present moment, created possibilities of the positive and were an enduring source of support and strength. Spiritual experiences create inter-connections between aspects of the self that can simultaneously transcend the self and connect to the larger world thereby unifying each into a greater whole. These impacts prevail even when there is dissonance in the interpretation. Occupations facilitated spiritual experiences by acting as a portal to a spiritual dimension, transcending language and mind, facilitating internal communication, connecting to the body through doing and through innate healing qualities.
Engaging in respectful dialogue on spiritual experiences requires reflection and awareness in the use of bias-free language. Health professionals are well situated to address spiritual experiences, using evidence-based practice and an understanding of embodied experience. Occupational therapists have a key role in validating spiritual experiences, facilitating the engagement in spiritual occupations, and providing resources to understand and interpret the experiences.

abstract: PhD


title: Enhancing Youth Access to Community Recreation Facilities: An Effectiveness Evaluation of the Grade 10 Community Physical Activity Pass

contributor:
Lévesque, Lucie L.
Kinesiology and Health Studies

subject:
Physical Activity Promotion
Adolescents
Community-Based Initiative
Environmental Intervention

abstract: Thesis (Master, Kinesiology & Health Studies) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-24 22:15:55.972

abstract:
Given the high prevalence of physical inactivity, effective strategies are urgently needed to increase physical activity levels among youth, especially those most at risk for inactivity including adolescent girls, older adolescents, and youth from low socioeconomic status households. A clear understanding of the factors associated with physical activity among youth is needed to design effective interventions. Physical activity is a complex behaviour that is influenced by intrapersonal, interpersonal, and environmental factors. Most recently, emphasis has been placed on the environmental correlates of youth physical activity. One consistent finding is that access to recreation facilities and opportunities to be active are positively associated with youths’ physical activity participation.
Environmental interventions, which are often community-based, hold particular promise of instilling population-wide change. Yet, to date, little information is available about the effectiveness of environmental interventions to enhance youth physical activity in community settings.
The manuscript presented in Chapter 3 of this thesis addresses these gaps in knowledge by providing evidence about a community-based initiative designed to increase access to recreation facilities by eliminating facility user-fees for youth. More specifically, recreation facility use among adolescents (n=1261; Mage = 14.97 ± 0.39; 46.3% girls) was objectively measured and the factors associated with the use of recreation facilities were examined. A total of 200 students accessed at least one facility. Results revealed that the likelihood of the best multilevel model examining pass use was 13 times larger than a model that included only individual-level predictors (p< 0.01). Pass users were more likely to: attend schools that were only a short distance away from facilities (OR=0.90 p< 0.01), be active (OR=1.69, p< 0.05), rate their health as fair (OR=2.32, p< 0.05), report homework as a barrier (OR=1.84, p< 0.01) and to have used facilities previously (OR=2.01, p< 0.05). Overall, results suggest that providing free access may be insufficient to enable adolescents to use recreation facilities. Furthermore, an ecological model should be used when designing interventions that aim to increase adolescents’ use of facilities. The implications of this study for research and practice will be outlined.
Although further research is greatly needed to enhance our understanding of youths’ behaviours in order to develop effective interventions, the challenges associated with conducting research involving youth can deter researchers from investigating this population.  In particular, several researchers have highlighted the methodological and ethical concerns of school-based research. These issues and their implications will be discussed in Chapter 4 of this thesis.  Lastly, recommendations to help reduce the challenges of school-based research will be presented.

abstract: M.Sc.


title: Berlin in Transit(ion)

contributor:
Hosek, Jennifer
German

subject: Berlin U-Bahn Film Literature

abstract: Thesis (Master, German) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-24 23:38:12.104

abstract: This study establishes how rail transportation systems and their filmic and literary representations form and inform culture and identity, particularly in the new German capital and by extension its new Berlin Republic. Where, how, and by whom mobility is practiced influences the city and vice versa. Historically, Berlin’s U-Bahn and S-Bahn system, have mirrored physical and emotional changes in the urban landscape. They have also been an important platform for the exchange of cultural information through networks of shared knowledge among Berlin’s diverse groups of citizens. This situation continues into today. Both studies about urban rail transport and more traditional cultural texts suggest the communicative possibilities of such public mobility infrastructure. Interactions that occur on the Bahn system can engender possibilities for a new nation based on a multicultural society and constitutional patriotism, rather than one based on blood-and-soil type ideologies. Theoretical and fictional work also suggests that public rail transport is a litmus test, registering, for instance, the significant tensions of unification including increasing economic disparity and a resurgence of racialized violence. Cultural texts in particular sketch a mass exodus of citizens from the Bahn system and depict an increase of privately owned vehicles and bicycles being used to access the city. How does the figurative and perhaps real world removal of these travelers from the culture-building dialogues that occur on Berlin’s rail transportation signify for the future? Cultural representations of the Bahns provide unique perspectives into the past, the present, and the prospective future of Berlin.  As ciphers, they participate in the rich cultural code of Berlin, a city between worlds and central to German national identity.

abstract: M.A.


title: Wittgenstein and the Appeal to Our Practices

subject: Wittgenstein epistemology scepticism practices

abstract: In On Certainty, Wittgenstein repeatedly responds to an imagined sceptic by appealing to our everyday expressions of knowledge, doubt, and certainty, thereby showing the sceptic's use of these expressions to flout common practice. Where the sceptic would raise doubts, we ordinarily would not blink an eye. The sceptic's words, despite their  resemblance to our own, should not be mistaken for ours—in the sorts of context in which she utters them, they do not clearly express anything. Against the backdrop of ordinary use, this argument against the sceptic appears incisive. However, such ordinary use is precisely the sceptic's target. She aims to show that we are unwarranted in our epistemic conduct. If Wittgenstein means to refute scepticism, his appeal to our epistemic practices cannot stand on its own. It may well be that the sceptic disregards their bounds, but unless it can be shown that they so stand to reality as to warrant what we do, as to in fact produce knowledge, any appeal to them comes to nothing. In the following thesis, I will argue that Wittgenstein need not substantiate this relation between our epistemic practices and reality, for with this appeal to our practices, he intends not to refute the sceptic but to transform her claim into something with which we can and do live. In the first chapter, I provide a more detailed account of the thesis's subject and structure. In the second, I present Wittgenstein's response to scepticism in On Certainty and the apparent difficulty it runs into. In the third, I turn to Wittgenstein's rule-following considerations as a parallel problematic from which we can draw insight. In the fourth, I consider two readings of the rule-following considerations that attempt to avoid the parallel problem of substantiating the relation between our practices and reality and argue that having forgone this relation all together, neither is tenable against scepticism. In the final, I argue for parallel readings of the rule-following considerations and On Certainty that, while dependent on a certain relation between our practices and reality, hold that substantiating this relation is something we need not do.


title: Investigation of Vibration Related Signals for Monitoring of Large Open‐Pit Rotary Electric Blasthole Drills

subject:
Electric Blasthole Drills
Signals for Monitoring
Vibration

abstract: Thesis (Master, Mechanical and Materials Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-27 12:15:07.644

abstract: This thesis investigated the monitoring and analysis of signals related to the vibration of large rotary blasthole drills. The research focused on a machine with electric drilling actuators: such machines are used as primary production equipment in the drill‐and‐blast cycle of the surface (open‐pit) mining process. The performance of such machines is limited by the onset of severe vibrations, which can arise due to the interaction of geology, bit, drill string, machine structure, and control settings. Experimental data for the thesis were obtained during field periods at an iron ore mine in Minnesota’s Mesabi Iron Range. The data acquisition and signal analysis techniques which were utilized are presented, including smoothing of signals and calculated variables such as specific energy. Ambient vibration sources and vibration aliasing issues are investigated. Results from analyzing structural response tests indicate that, as expected, the natural frequency of the drill mast decreases with increasing bit depth – although the mounting position of accelerometers distorts this trend. The pull down force (weight on bit) is shown to have no appreciable impact on the mast’s natural frequency, nor on the mast’s damping ratio. A strong relationship between rotary speed and the dominant vibration frequency peaks at 3x and 6x rotary speed is demonstrated, and a physical explanation of the 6x vibration peak is postulated. The rotary motor current is shown to consistently exhibit frequency peaks at 3x and 6x rotation speed, indicating that this variable is a good candidate for use either as a substitute for accelerometer feedback, or as an auxiliary signal to detect down‐the‐hole vibration when it is not manifested by the mast mounted accelerometers. System identification is used to demonstrate that the dynamic relationship between vibration and rotary current, while it can be modeled locally, varies with depth and geology and hence is essentially a time‐varying process. This results in the amplitude of rotary current not being usable as a proxy for vibration amplitude. Nonetheless, it is demonstrated that the root‐mean‐square (RMS) of the low frequency current oscillations, in a nonlinear combination with the RMS of the current signal as a whole, may be able to serve as a proxy for the RMS of the vibration signal.

abstract: M.A.Sc.


title: Intensity of Care and Level of Life Interference as Possible Predictors of the Physical Health of Family Caregivers of Individuals with Schizophrenia

contributor:
Stuart, Heather
Krupa, Terry
Community Health and Epidemiology

subject:
Family Caregiver
Schizophrenia
Physical Health

abstract: Thesis (Master, Community Health & Epidemiology) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-27 13:29:55.834

abstract:
Purpose: The deinstitutionalization movement formalized the role of the family caregiver in mental health, yet the needs of these family caregivers have received little attention.  Additionally, while a wide body of literature has focused on the effects of socio-demographic factors and level of social support on caregiver well-being, less attention has been paid to the nature of the caregiving relationship.  This study aimed to address this gap by developing and assessing scales to measure two indicators of the nature of the caregiver-care recipient relationship: intensity of care and life interference, and to use these scales to assess the relationship between these constructs and caregiver physical health.
Methods: Using data from a national survey of members of the Schizophrenia Society of Canada, we employed reliability and factor analyses to evaluate whether the multiple items describing the caregiving role from the Caregiver Survey could be combined to form reliable and novel intensity of care and life interference scales.  We then employed least squares regression to examine these constructs as predictors of physical health.
Results: Factor analysis of the ten items describing intensity of care revealed one strong factor accounting for 44.0% of variance.  The Intensity of Care Scale revealed high reliability (Cronbach’s alpha=0.85).  Two underlying factors emerged for the life interference items, one accounting for 60.0% of variance and the other for 8.8%.  Cronbach’s alpha for the 10-item Daily Life Interference Scale was 0.95.  For the 5-item Peace of Mind Interference Scale, Cronbach’s alpha was 0.88.  Based on a least squares regression, these scale scores were not significant predictors of physical health. A decline/fluctuation in physical health status as a result of caregiving, lower reported emotional health, and older age predicted lower current physical health ratings and this model accounted for 37.5% of variance.
Conclusions: This study contributed three novel and internally consistent scales to the literature to be used and further refined.  It also added to the limited body of literature aimed at identifying characteristics of high-risk caregivers and shed light on potential future research directions to ultimately ensure that interventions can be directed towards those at greatest risk of caregiver burnout.

abstract: M.Sc.


title: Evidence for Local Adaptation in Birds

contributor:
Martin, Paul R.
Biology

subject:
Local Adaptation
Birds
Natural Selection
Yellow Warbler
Nests
Reciprocal Transplant
Fitness

abstract: Thesis (Master, Biology) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-28 13:16:38.686

abstract: Phenotypic traits that vary geographically within species are commonly assumed to represent local adaptations to different environments. In order for local adaptation to evolve by natural selection, three conditions must be met: (1) traits must vary geographically, (2) local variants of traits must provide a fitness advantage (increased survival or reproductive success) within the local environment, and (3) local variants of traits must be heritable. In chapter two, we review evidence for local adaptation in birds. Geographic variation among populations is nearly ubiquitous, yet experimental tests of the fitness advantages of local trait variants are rare among populations of birds, presumably because of the difficulties in transporting individuals between populations. Thirty-seven studies have tested the heritability of among population variation in traits. Thirty-three of the 37 studies found some degree of heritability of variation among populations, consistent with traits diverging in response to natural selection. In chapter three, we experimentally test the fitness consequences of divergent nest morphologies of Yellow Warblers (Dendroica petechia) using reciprocal nest transplant experiments between a temperate and subarctic site in Canada. Yellow Warblers breeding at our subarctic site build larger nests constructed with more insulative materials than Yellow Warblers breeding at our temperate site, and these differences are the result of different nest building behaviours. Temperate nests transplanted to subarctic sites experienced significantly colder temperatures, and tended to suffer higher egg and nestling mortality due to climatic conditions (cold temperatures), than locally transplanted subarctic nests. Adult females breeding in subarctic sites that received temperate nests changed their incubation behaviours by taking shorter recesses than females who received locally transplanted subarctic nests. In contrast, subarctic nests transplanted to our temperate site showed no changes in nest temperature, fledgling success, or parental behaviour during incubation. We suggest that divergent selective pressures acting on Yellow Warblers in subarctic and temperate environments results in different nest building behaviours. Cold temperatures in our subarctic site likely favour increased investment in larger, insulative nests, whereas warmer temperatures at our temperate sites likely favour reduced investment in nest building, and consequently smaller nests.

abstract: M.Sc.


title: Giant Steps From Small Thefts: Bypassing Constraint by Trait Co-option

rights: Queen's University's Thesis/Dissertation Non-Exclusive License for Deposit to QSpace and Library and Archives Canada

rights: ProQuest PhD and Master's Theses International Dissemination Agreement

rights: Intellectual Property Guidelines at Queen's University

subject:
Species Interactions
Bird Nest
Karoo Prina
Evolutionary Constraint
Eriocephalus

abstract: Thesis (Ph.D, Biology) -- Queen's University, 2015-09-15 00:32:47.466

abstract: Species interactions can provide organisms with access to novel traits without having to evolve these traits themselves. Viewing such interactions as an alternative to trait evolution offers a new perspective to understanding species interactions—organisms can bypass evolutionary constraints and gain access to adaptive traits by co-opting them from other species. I explore the costs and benefits of trait co-option and generate 10 hypotheses for when and where selection might favor the co-option of traits as an alternative to typical trait evolution (Chapter 2). Next, I examine a possible case of trait co-option in nature, involving numerous species of birds that use aromatic seed-material from plants in the genus Eriocephalus to construct their nests (Chapter 3). I describe the bird-Eriocephalus interaction and focus on a single species of bird, the Karoo prinia (Prinia maculosa), which uses large amounts of Eriocephalus in their nests. Although previous work has suggested that both birds and plants benefit from their interaction, prinias gathered large quantities of E. racemosus seed fluff but avoided seeds, providing limited dispersal benefits to the plant. The time and effort invested into gathering fluff suggests that this material benefits prinias. I test two hypotheses for the fitness benefits of Eriocephalus material in bird nests—that chemical compounds reduced levels of nest ectoparasites (Chapter 4) and rates of nest predation by a specialist predator, the rhombic egg-eating snake (Dasypeltis scabra) (Chapter 5). Chemical compounds reduced levels of nest ectoparasites by functioning as either a deterrent to gravid female parasites, or as an ovicide. I found no evidence that chemical compounds reduced rates of nest predation from egg-eating snakes. Overall, these observations and experiments suggest that Karoo prinias benefit from co-opting Eriocephalus compounds for use in nest construction, likely at the expense of the plant. Overall, interactions similar to those involving prinias and Eriocephalus are widespread in nature, yet rarely are they viewed as an alternative to trait evolution. Viewing species interactions from the perspective of trait co-option and evolution has the potential to elucidate general patterns for when and which species should interact, broadening our understanding of nature and biodiversity.

abstract: PhD


title: The Effect of Switchable Additives on Colloidal Interactions Found in Oil Sands

contributor:
Horton, J. Hugh
Jessop, Philip G.
Chemistry

subject: Chemistry

abstract: Thesis (Master, Chemistry) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-29 00:09:12.153

abstract:
This thesis describes an investigation of how carbon dioxide triggered switchable additives affect colloidal interactions found in oil sands, in an effort to identify potential candidates for industrial use.
	Chemical force spectrometry was used to evaluate adhesion forces present in model oil sand systems.  Organic/mineral and mineral/mineral interactions were investigated in the presence of cationic and anionic switchable surfactants, as well as switchable ionic strength additives.  Of the additives studied, cationic switchable surfactants caused the greatest change in adhesion force between solutions free of CO2 and solutions saturated with CO2.  These trends were consistent across all of the systems examined.
	The effect of switchable additives on clay suspension behavior was studied by zeta potential measurements.  The stability of clay suspensions are a problem in tailings disposal because fine mineral matter in recycled process water are detrimental to bitumen extraction.  Cationic and anionic switchable surfactants were investigated, as were switchable ionic strength additives.  Switchable ionic strength additives demonstrated the ability to suppress clay zeta potential to nearly zero upon exposure to CO2.  It was demonstrated that destabilization of clay suspensions can be achieved upon exposure of aqueous solutions containing the additives to CO2.

abstract: M.Sc.


title: Shareholder litigation and the information role of accounting conservatism

contributor:
Thornton, B. Daniel
Management

subject:
Litigation
information role of conservatism
conservatism
information asymmetry

abstract: Thesis (Ph.D, Management) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-29 17:59:20.556

abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of litigiousness on the information role of accounting conservatism. Prior literature documents the information role of accounting conservatism, measured by the positive association between earnings conservatism and information asymmetry between inside managers and outside investors. Prior literature also demonstrates that shareholder litigation concerns motivate managers and auditors to be conservative in preparing financial statements because conservatism shields managers and auditors from allegations that they overstated earnings and net assets. In a more litigious environment, both managers and auditors have incentives to be more sensitive to expected litigation costs, which increase with the level of information asymmetry. I hypothesize that higher levels of litigiousness enhance the information role of accounting conservatism. Overall empirical results are generally consistent with the hypothesis.

abstract: PhD


title: Design and implementation of an analyzer for a timed pi-calculus

contributor:
Dingel, Juergen
Computing

subject:
kiltera
piklt
timed pi calculus
analyzer

abstract: Thesis (Master, Computing) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-29 12:02:41.361

abstract:
In this thesis, we design and implement an analysis tool for a language called kiltera which is a timed extension of pi-calculus. kiltera allows the modeling of concurrent, mobile, real-time and distributed systems. Our analyzer takes a kiltera model as input and performs analyses such as detection of deadlock states, stable states etc. To improve performance, the analyzer uses some transformation techniques to simplify the input kiltera model without changing its behavior. We provide a detailed description of the design and implementation of the analyzer and discuss some performance optimizations. Finally, we present some case
studies to illustrate the  capabilities of our analyzer.

abstract: M.Sc.


title: Remediating Photography: Reimagining Ethics In-Light of Online Photo-Sharing Practices

contributor:
Hand, Martin
Sociology

subject: Photography Ethics Digitization

abstract: Thesis (Master, Sociology) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-29 15:12:36.414

abstract:
Photography has been exposed as an infinitely complex series of intersecting technologies, industries, discourses and socio-cultural desires. Figured as an image-making medium that bears the direct trace (light) of reality, it has become a fundamental method through which we construct identity, capture memories, communicate knowledge and reflect and shape reality. Its resulting conceptualization as a discourse-laden visual language, that enables the (co)articulation of subject (self), object (device) and truth, has located it as a central locus of ethical consequence. While there has been a significant amount of research into an ethics of photographic representation, there has been very little consideration of the importance of reconsidering the intersection of photography  (in and of itself) and ethics in light of digitization. While this thesis will function to map out a number of theoretical and practical trajectories, its central purpose will be to draw upon a rich understanding of analogue and digital photography in order to critically re-imagine ethics in light of digitization.
	This thesis begins by mapping out a series of continuities and discontinuities in the technological, sociological and practical engagements of photography as a result of digitization. Following in this vein, it will engage in a comparative review of past and present (analogue and digital) photographic practices and theories in an effort to expand the conceptual frames of these trajectories further through an inter-disciplinary and sociological lens.  Following this review, and in response to a number of proposed digital novelties, this thesis will revisit past conceptualization of photographic ethics, demonstrate and legitimize their short-comings in the digital age, and begin to imagine alternative means of tackling the ‘impossible possibility’ of digital ethics.

abstract: M.A.


title: « Je Est D’autres » : Intermédialité et Altérité Chez Dany Laferrière et Sergio Kokis

contributor:
Hayward, Annette
Inkel, Stéphane
French

subject:
Intermediality
Migrant Literature
Alterity
Identity

abstract: Thesis (Master, French) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-29 17:17:50.692

abstract: Comment faire l’amour avec un Nègre sans se fatiguer (1985) by Dany Laferriere and L’art du maquillage (1997) by Sergio Kokis, are two novels that are part of what is known as migrant literature in Quebec. Both explore the question of identity and alterity, one from a racial perspective and the other, from an individual and artistic one. If, on the one hand, the presence of otherness within identity refers to the importance of the other for the subject within the diegesis of the novels, on the other hand, it also represents the trace of a discursive other in the writing of the two novels. Hence, this thesis explores the importance of the other through a study of intermedial references to four paintings that prove to be significant for a better understanding of both novels. In Laferrière’s novel, the subject objectifies the other through his perception and his literary creation, and through this process, he objectifies himself. In Kokis’s novel, not only does the subject’s quest to reach the real Other end in failure, but by representing the other in art, he will eventually change the other’s identity. Acting as a theoretical framework for this analysis are Jacques Lacan's psychoanalytic studies on the relationship between the subject and the other, and Irina O. Rajesky’s and Peter Wagner’s respective theoretical texts on intermediality, with the help of which the links between the paintings and the themes at play in the novels are explored.

abstract: M.A.


title: An Approach for Identifying Service Composition Patterns From Execution Logs

contributor:
Zou, Ying
Electrical and Computer Engineering

subject:
Web resource
Service Composition Pattern
Service Oriented Application
Web Services
Execution Logs

abstract: Thesis (Master, Electrical & Computer Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-29 18:08:07.55

abstract: Different types of web resources, such as Web Services, HTTP-based APIs and websites, can be located on the web to provide various services, such as information access and online banking. Such services are the basic building blocks to compose more complex functionality that cannot be achieved by a single service. Many service-oriented applications can be composed to fulfill similar functional requirements. Among various applications, a set of services can be frequently used together to deliver a unique functionality. Such set of services are called a service composition pattern. More specifically, a service composition pattern consists of a set of services and the control flow among the services. The reuse of the service composition patterns can facilitate the composition of new applications, improve existing applications and optimize maintenance process of services. To facilitate the identification and reuse of service composition patterns, we propose an approach that mines the service composition patterns from execution logs produced by service-oriented applications during runtime. Since the execution logs can be produced by heterogeneous web resources, we propose a unified description schema to describe various web resources in order to identify functionally similar services of different types. This helps reveal complete service composition patterns. Then we identify frequently associated services using Apriori algorithm and heuristics. Finally, we recover the control flow among the services using the event graph and process mining techniques. The effectiveness of the approach is evaluated through two case studies. The result shows that the unified description schema facilitates the identification of similar services of different types and our approach can effectively identify service composition patterns.

abstract: M.A.Sc.


title: My experience is just one: The voices of four racialized women at Queen's University

contributor:
Freeman, John G.
Education

subject: Racialized, colourmute, colourmute, Whiteness, Queen's University

abstract: Thesis (Master, Education) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-29 19:37:52.329

abstract:
Silence around ideas of racial diversity in public settings has become normative. Colourmuteness allows for the culture of Whiteness to remain unchallenged, and reinforces attitudes of assimilation and tolerance. This culture manifests itself in institutions of higher learning, and positions these places as sites of cultural domination, such as Queen’s University, site of the current study. The purpose of this thesis was to offer insight into the educational experiences of four female self-identified racialized students at Queen’s University. Together these participants contributed their stories about their thoughts, motivations, and experiences at Queen’s University, and their experiences as members of the student body. The inductive process was used as an analytical framework to allow the experiences of the participants to be the main focus of the work, and the voices of the participants were used as a guide for analysis.
Results of this study indicated that the exploration of identity is a complex and layered phenomenon, and that interrelations between different aspects of identity make categorization of individual experience problematic. Each participant presented her personal story of her experiences as a racialized student within the Queen’s context, and together these stories revealed a need for open dialogue around constructions of difference, rather than a silencing of diversity.

abstract: M.Ed.


title: Mutagenic Studies of RdoA, a Eukaryotic-Like SER/THR Protein Kinase in Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium

contributor:
Martin, Nancy L.
Microbiology and Immunology

subject:
Salmonella Typhimurium
RdoA
Protein Kinase
Cpx Pathway

abstract: Thesis (Master, Microbiology & Immunology) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-29 21:35:42.815

abstract:
RdoA is a eukaryotic-like serine/threonine protein kinase found in Salmonella typhimurium. It is a downstream effector of the Cpx stress response pathway and has been phenotypically characterized to have a functional role in flagellin phase variation and long-term bacterial survivability. Structurally, RdoA is homologous to, choline kinase and aminoglycoside (3’) phosphotransferase IIIa (APH[3’]IIIa). These kinases all belong to a protein kinase superfamily and share highly conserved residues/motifs in their catalytic domain. In RdoA seven of these conserved amino acids were proposed to have functional roles in the phosphotransfer mechanism. Mutation of these proposed catalytic domain residues resulted in a loss of in vitro kinase activity and in vivo RdoA function for a majority of the mutants. Four of the mutants also exhibited decreased levels of stable RdoA compared to wildtype.
Many protein kinases regulate activity through phosphorylation of an activation loop. Although RdoA does not contain a canonical activation loop, its carboxyl terminus is proposed to play a similar regulatory function. Mutations of a putative autophosphorylation target in the carboxyl terminus resulted in loss of in vitro kinase activity. Truncations of this region also resulted in loss of kinase activity, as well as decreasing RdoA stability. The length of the carboxyl terminus in the kinase was shown to be an important determinant in the overall structural stability of RdoA. Mutational analyses of conserved amino acid residues surrounding the putative substrate-binding cleft of RdoA revealed site specific mutants with diminished in vitro phosphorylation activity and/or RdoA levels. A subset of these mutants for which no in vitro kinase activity was detected were still able to complement RdoA function in vivo.  Taken together these results indicate that this region of the protein is important for RdoA function.
In summary, this work has generated a panel of RdoA mutants with several unique phenotypes that will facilitate characterization of RdoA function and of regions of the protein

abstract: M.Sc.


title: Ion Exchange Chromatography Coupled to Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry: a Powerful Technique for Stability Constant Determination, Speciation Analysis and Kinetic Studies

contributor:
Beauchemin, Diane
Chemistry

subject: Ion Exchange Chromatography

subject: Speciation Analysis

subject: Chromium Speciation Analysis

subject: Hyphenated Technique

abstract: Thesis (Ph.D, Chemistry) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-30 08:05:27.342

abstract:
Facile procedures based on hyphenated ion-exchange chromatography (IEC) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were developed to determine conditional stability constants, speciate chromium species and investigate the reduction of Cr(VI).
1. Improvements were made to a method previously developed to determine the conditional stability constant, Kf’, and chelation number, n, using IEC-ICP-MS. This method allowed the accurate determination of the conditional stability constant of a simple system.  However, the corresponding chelation number was significantly different to the expected value because the principal assumption, i.e. that the ligand was in excess, was not realized in the experimentation. Furthermore, it neglected complexes other than that formed with EDTA4-.  By taking into account these factors, accurate Kf’ and n were obtained for Co-EDTA and Zn-EDTA systems.
2. A simple method was developed for chromium speciation analysis at sub-µg L-1 level in potable water by IEC-ICP-MS. Cr(VI) and Cr(III) were separated on IonPac® AG-7 guard column within 7.5 minutes using gradient elution with 0.1 M ammonium nitrate and 0.8 M nitric acid. H2 collision/reaction interface gas eliminated chlorine-based and carbon-based polyatomic interferences on Cr detection. Water samples were analyzed directly, without any pretreatment. The accuracy of the method was verified through accurate analysis of riverine water certified reference material. Limits of detection of 0.02 and 0.04 µg L-1 for Cr(VI) and Cr(III), respectively, were obtained.
3. This speciation analysis method was then used for kinetics studies of Cr(VI) reduction in  acidified riverine water. Water was spiked with Cr(VI), with or without Cr(III), and evolution of each Cr species with time was monitored by speciation analysis, showing that the reduction of Cr(VI) was a pseudo first order reaction. By plotting the logarithm of the peak area ratio of the instant Cr(VI) concentration over that of the original spiking versus time, the reaction rate constant was obtained as the slope. The reduction rate increased with decreasing pH and increasing temperature. The activation energy of the reaction at pH 1.3 was calculated using an Arrhenius plot. This method offers the advantages of small sample consumption, minimal sample manipulation, and easy data interpretation.

abstract: PhD


title: Identifying, Understanding and Incorporating the Other: Cultural Encounters in Medieval Literature

contributor:
Straker, Scott-Morgan
English

subject:
Medieval
Chaucer
Cultural encounters
Aliscans
The King of Tars
English

abstract: Thesis (Master, English) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-30 09:46:10.087

abstract: This dissertation illustrates the complex nature of Christian and Saracen relations by analysing fixed and fluid representations of cultural boundaries in three medieval tales. The first chapter discusses the Sultaness in Chaucer’s “Man of Law’s Tale”; responding to feminist critics, I portray the extreme actions she takes as necessary to the protection of her Saracen subjects from Christian conversion. Rather than regard the Sultaness from her familial position, as so many critics do, and define her as monstrous for murdering her son, I view her in terms of her political standing and use John of Salisbury’s Policraticus along with René Girard’s theory of sacrificial violence to interpret her actions as essential for the continuation of the Saracen culture.  The second chapter contrasts opposing attitudes towards the possibility of integrating the other into Christian society in The King of Tars and Aliscans. The texts have yet to be read alongside each other by other scholars. This chapter is supplemented with scholarship by Siobhain Bly Calkin which discusses the ability to move between cultural and political groups, criticism by Susanne Conklin Akbari on crossing spiritual boundaries, and incorporates Jeffrey Jerome Cohen’s understanding of the portrayal in late Medieval culture of biological otherness. The chapter concludes with a speculative account of the reasons why these two texts have such different views on assimilation.

abstract: M.A.


title: Structural Behaviour of Plastered Straw Bale Panels Under Non-Uniform Loading

contributor:
MacDougall, Colin
Civil Engineering

subject:
Straw Bale
Non-Uniform
Plaster
Point Load
Concentrated Load

abstract: Thesis (Master, Civil Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-30 11:32:53.613

abstract:
The search for more sustainable construction methods has created a renewed interest in straw bales technology. Straw bales are a composite material that is energy efficient and durable. Rectangular straw bales stacked in a running bond and plastered on the interior and exterior faces have adequate strength to resist typical loads found in two-storey structures.
	The structural behaviour of a load-bearing plastered straw bale wall subject to uniform loading is well researched. However, door and window voids in the wall redistribute vertical load paths and produce areas of concentrated stress. This thesis describes experiments on small-scale plastered straw bale panels subjected to loading conditions that simulate the loading conditions experienced in areas around door and window voids.
	Twenty-one specimens were tested under two main types of loading conditions. The specimens were rendered with lime-cement plaster, were one to three bales (0.33 m to 0.99 m) in height, and were either unreinforced, or contained metal diamond lath or chicken wire embedded within the plaster. The specimens were pin-supported at various centre-to-centre distances ranging from 200 mm to 500 mm and were loaded either uniformly or by a point load.
	Two distinct types of failure were observed. Strut-and-tie models were developed to describe the structural behaviour of panels undergoing vertical cracking of the plaster skin at failure. Bearing models were developed to describe the structural behaviour of panels undergoing crushing of the plaster skin beneath the point of applied load. The models predicted the correct failure mode of 92% of the specimens and had an average ratio of experimental strength to theoretical strength of 0.95 with a standard deviation of 0.17.
	The results show that the behaviour of plastered straw bale walls can be predicted using common methods of structural analysis. A parametric analysis of door and window voids within plastered straw bale walls is presented.

abstract: M.A.Sc.


title: BendFlip: A Flexible Reading Apparatus

contributor:
Vertegaal, Roel
Computing

subject:
hci
ebook
computer science
electronic books

abstract: Thesis (Master, Computing) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-30 11:49:39.205

abstract: We present recommendations for the design of flexible electronic book readers, based on an empirical evaluation of form factors and input techniques in a single page navigation task. Capacitive touch, pressure, and bend sensors are compared on rigid and flexible devices using a prototype electronic book reader. Results from the evaluation of input techniques suggest flexible designs do not perform significantly worse than rigid designs, and bend gestures perform as well as button presses in flexible form factors. Capacitive touch sensors may have decreased performance on flexible devices. We conclude by presenting recommendations for the design of future flexible e-book readers.

abstract: M.Sc.


title: The Future of the St. Lawrence River at Cornwall, Ontario Post-Remedial Action Plan (RAP): Navigating toward Sustainability

contributor:
Campbell, Linda M.
Ridal, Jeff
Environmental Studies

subject:
ecosystem approach
governance
environmental management
Remedial Action Plans

abstract: Thesis (Master, Environmental Studies) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-30 15:39:18.132

abstract:
This thesis undertakes a review of the Remedial Action Plans (RAPs) for the St. Lawrence River Area of Concern (AOC).  As directed by Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement, RAPs are to take a systematic and comprehensive ecosystem approach to restoration, and ensure that the public is consulted about restoration activities.   Through triangulation of three different research methods: twelve semi-structured interviews, observational research, and document analysis, this research explores how these two principles were incorporated into the St. Lawrence River AOC.
This research draws from environmental management and governance literature in order to describe the implementation and decision-making frameworks of the RAP program.  In theory an ecosystem approach is to be holistic and comprehensive in scope and application.  In terms of the St. Lawrence River AOC, the holistic nature of the restoration process was hindered by the jurisdictional complexity of the region; Not only was there two federal governments, Canada and the United States, but the province of Ontario, state of New York, and the Mohawks of Akwesasne Nation.  These jurisdictional divisions led to the eventual decision to separate the AOC into two RAPs at Massena, NY and Cornwall, ON.  This division led to a divergence in impairment indicator identification and resultant restoration practices, timelines for RAP progress reports, availability of financial resources, and collective organization of restoration duties.
The goal of each RAP is to eventually delist as an AOC.  Through a review of the collective organization of the Cornwall RAP, it is best described as participatory and inclusive in terms of governance.  There was representation and membership from government, industry, First Nations, and the public making the Cornwall RAP an example of solidarity in action.  Because there has been a unification of visions through the RAP process, which is to have a clean and health St. Lawrence River, momentum has been generated to expand the ideals of the RAP to a broader St. Lawrence River collective.  Lessons learned from this restoration process are constructive for cross-jurisdictional, multi-media restoration projects and serve to inform approaches to ecosystem restoration, planning, and management, especially that of the St. Lawrence River.

abstract: M.E.S.


title: Écrire le Traumatisme : Pour une Étude de L’incompréhensible Chez Soucy, Duras, Mavrikakis et Perec

contributor:
Inkel, Stéphane
Bénard, Johanne
French

subject: Literature Trauma Fiction Memory Identity Incomprehensible Dissociation Soucy Duras Mavrikakis Perec Benjamin Holocaust Hiroshima

abstract: Thesis (Master, French) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-30 15:58:43.88

abstract:
We live in an era of fragmented memory. Though the wars and catastrophes of the twentieth century may have preceded our birth, we remain haunted by their lingering presence. Many studies have been conducted on the delayed nature of trauma, the power of the past to govern the present: it is precisely for this reason that trauma is a contemporary theme in both the social sciences and humanities. Psychology has demonstrated that a symbolization of the traumatic past is of the utmost importance to the process of liberating oneself from its encumbering grasp. However, in the wake of events that surpass human understanding, notably the Holocaust and the bombing of Hiroshima, the question arose of how such brutal realities could possibly be represented.
It is here that literature comes into play. The present study considers the theme of trauma and its various representations in five literary works: L’Immaculée Conception by Gaétan Soucy, Savannah Bay by Marguerite Duras, the film Hiroshima mon amour by Duras and Alain Resnais, Le ciel de Bay City by Catherine Mavrikakis and Georges Perec’s W ou le souvenir d’enfance. It will demonstrate that these authors, rather than yield to that which resists representation, embrace the dilemma. This study’s progression will be twofold, looking first at an individual trauma based on fictional events in order to examine the literary means of symbolizing reality. The works in the succeeding chapters move toward historical and collective phenomena, departing from fiction with respect to the events, but not, however, in regard to the symbolization of these realities. The authors continue to resort to the imaginary to represent the horrors of the past. This recourse raises certain questions: what is the role of literature in representing trauma? What is the
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relationship between fiction and reality, and finally, can writing aid in the process of healing from a traumatic past?

abstract: M.A.


title: Experimental Analysis of an Indirect Solar Assisted Heat Pump for Domestic Water Heating

contributor:
Harrison, Stephen J.
Mechanical and Materials Engineering

subject:
Solar Assisted Heat Pump
Heat Pump
Solar Thermal
Domestic Water Heating

abstract: Thesis (Master, Mechanical and Materials Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2010-10-12 18:53:01.189

abstract:
Due to rising energy costs and increasing environmental awareness, various methods of energy conservation are being investigated.  In the residential sector, both solar and heat pump systems have been extensively tested.  Recently, combinations of solar and heat pump systems have been developed for both space heating and water heating.  These systems have the capability to provide better performances than either of the systems operating on their own.  The solar collector benefits from a lower fluid (glycol) inlet temperature which increases efficiencies, and the heat pump benefits from higher evaporator temperatures due to the additional solar energy collected.
For this study, a prototype of an Indirect-Solar Assisted Heat Pump for use in the Canadian environment was constructed, instrumented and tested.  Controlled, constant temperature tests, as well as solar profile tests were conducted and the heat transfer rates, natural convection flow rate, and heat pump coefficient of performance (COP) were calculated.  These values were then compared to simulation results based on a model developed in a previous feasibility study.  The experimental COPs calculated ranged from 2.3 to 3.3 throughout the full range of tests which were conducted with supply temperatures ranging from 0°C – 40°C.  The simulated results consistently overestimated the experimental results by between 12% - 15%.  New empirical heat exchanger relationships were developed for the model bringing the simulated results within 5% of the experimental results for tests run at glycol flow rates of 77 and 154 kg/hr.  These relationships were used to refine the model, and produce updated annual performance values in the TRNSYS simulation software.  Updated results showed a 5% drop in the annual free energy ratio in Toronto from 57% to 52%, but further optimization of the system using the TRNSYS software package improved annual results up to 56%.
For the purposes of the study, a solar assisted heat pump prototype was constructed and tested successfully within the laboratory environment.  Results showed that the system has a strong market potential, especially in regions without a strong solar resource.  Based on these results further research is recommended, continuing with a full year outdoor test using unglazed solar collectors.

abstract: M.A.Sc.


title: Analysis of Hydride Effects in Zr-2.5Nb Micro Pressure Tubes

contributor:
Holt, Richard A.
Mechanical and Materials Engineering

subject: Materials Science

abstract: Thesis (Master, Mechanical and Materials Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2010-10-01 01:26:49.608

abstract:
During operation of a CANDU reactor, corrosion occurs which results in free hydrogen that can diffuse into the tubes. Once the solid solubility of hydrogen in the zirconium matrix is exceeded, the hydrogen will precipitate as a flake-like brittle hydride phase. The natural orientation of the hydride flakes is in the circumferential direction but under a tensile hoop stress the hydrides are able to reorientate themselves to the radial direction. This makes the pressure tubes susceptible to delayed hydride cracking (DHC) which can cause failure of the tubes. A memory effect has been observed to cause hydrides that would otherwise form in the circumferential direction to form in the radial direction. Studies have been previously performed to examine the memory effect however they have not quantified the hydride orientation distribution.
This study examined the memory effect in Zr-2.5Nb micro pressure tubes with three different microstructures and textures. A stepped micro pressure tube sample design was hydrided to 100 ppm(wt%) and pressurized to obtain a nominal hoop stress ranging from 65 MPa to 350 MPa. Each of the samples was heated to 350oC to dissolve all of the hydrogen followed by cooling under stress. Samples were then reheated to 350oC for 1 hour and 24 hours and cooled without stress. Almost complete reorientation was observed in typical pressure tube material which had a very fine microstructure and a large portion of basal plane normals in the transverse direction. After reheating, little memory effect was found in material similar to the commercially used pressure tube material. However a clear memory effect was observed in the other two samples. The memory effect was observed in the range of angles where hydrides are naturally present.
A second flanged sample design was used to find the dilational strain associated with hydride reorientation from which the normal strain could be calculated. The strain normal to the hydride, εnormal, was calculated to be 0.11 ± 0.05. This study provides a valuable resource that can be used to improve DHC models which are used to determine the useful life of the pressure tubes.

abstract: M.A.Sc.


title: Interactive Whiteboard Technology: Perspectives and Attitudes of FSL Teachers.

subject:
French as a Second Language
Interactive Whiteboard Technology
Smartboard
Language
Qualitative
Quantitative
Mixed Methods
Interviews
Questionnaire
ICT
IWT
TAM
Technology Acceptance Model

abstract:
Advancements in the use of technology in education are changing the way students learn and inevitably change the way teachers teach. This project explores French as a Second Language (FSL) teachers’ perceptions and attitudes towards interactive whiteboard
technology (IWT) use by quantitative and qualitative methods.  This study also reviews the literature on technology for second language learning and teaching, second language teaching methods, information communication technology (ICT) use in second language classrooms, IWT
and the TAM. To this end, this project cites the technology acceptance model (TAM) and implements a modified version of this model to support the data collection for this research. The data were collected from FSL teachers of two Eastern Ontario school boards and the study consisted of an
analysis and discussion of both questionnaire and interview responses. In the interpretation of the findings, the entire analysis from both quantitative and qualitative data was taken into account.
In general, the results of the study support the following conclusions: 1) FSL teachers
perceived IWT use as a way to enrich FSL instruction; 2) FSL teachers perceived IWT use as a way to enrich FSL learning; 3) FSL teachers perceived IWT easy to use if the necessary training was given on how to use IWT to its optimal potential; 4) FSL teachers had mixed attitudes
towards the push for technology use in the FSL classroom. Additional findings, implications for future research and limitations to the study are also discussed.


title: Low-Frequency-Induced Synaptic Potentiation: a Paradigm Shift in the Field of Memory-Related Plasticity Mechanisms?

contributor:
Dringenberg, Hans C.
Neuroscience Studies

subject:
Long-Term Potentiation
Hippocampus

abstract: Thesis (Ph.D, Neuroscience Studies) -- Queen's University, 2010-10-04 11:35:21.288

abstract: It is assumed that plasticity involving up-and down regulation of synaptic strength (i.e., long-term potentiation, LTP; long-term depression, LTD) mediates learning and memory processes. Typically, high-frequency stimulation (HFS) of afferent fibers results in LTP, while low-frequency stimulation (LFS) elicits LTD. In stark contrast to this “HFS- LTP vs. LFS-LTD” dogma, the present thesis characterizes a novel form of LFS-induced LTP in the septohippocampal system. The first set of experiments show that alternating, single pulse stimulation (1 Hz) of the medial septum (MS) and CA3 hippocampal (H) commissural fibres results in a long-lasting potentiation of field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) in CA1 of urethane-anesthetised rats (MS-H-LTP). MS-H LTP is long lasting (>5 h), requires a specific inter-stimulus interval of 1 s between MS and CA3 stimulation, saturates with repeated stimulation episodes and depends on NMDA receptor activation. In the third chapter (review) I suggest that LFS protocols may more accurately mimic some oscillatory activity patterns (~ 1Hz) present in hippocampal and neocortical circuits during sleep-related memory consolidation. Moreover, I compare the mechanisms underlying classical, HFS-LTP to those mediating MS-H LTP as well as several other types of LFS-LTP in the hippocampus and amygdala in vitro. Subsequently, I investigated cellular mechanisms of MS-H LTP and their similarity to classical HFS-LTP via drug application at the CA1 recording site and showed that MS-H LTP depends on protein kinase A and protein synthesis. This surprising similarity between mechanisms mediating HFS-LTP and MS-H LTP was further supported by occlusion experiments whereby LFS and HFS, delivered to the same animal, competed for the available synaptic potentiation of CA3-CA1 synapses. The final experiments showed that MS-H LTP is compromised in early aged rats, while similar levels of potentiation are expressed in the juvenile and adult hippocampus. Interestingly, MS-H LTP could not be induced (i.e., was occluded) 3 h after training on the hidden platform version of the Morris water maze, while it was unaltered at 8 and 24 h intervals. This thesis characterizes a novel form of hippocampal plasticity at the cellular, synaptic and behavioural level and suggests that LFS-LTP may mediate processes of sleep-related memory consolidation.

abstract: PhD


title: Ontario's Annual Education Plan: A Curriculum Guide for Grade 7 and 8 using Career Cruising

subject:
career education
annual education plan
choices into action

abstract: This program guide has been developed to provide Grade 7 and 8 students with necessary career and education exploration activities.  The activities in the guide have been developed using Career Cruising, a web-based guidance and career education resource.  The Ministry of Education in Ontario purchases a provincial license to this program providing access for all publicly-funded schools in the province.  The website and the portfolio development system within the program provide schools and school districts with the tools they need to deliver a comprehensive and student-friendly guidance and career education program.


title: Real-Time Embedded System Design and Realization for Integrated Navigation Systems

contributor:
Noureldin, Aboelmagd
Electrical and Computer Engineering

subject:
Embedded Systems
FPGA
soft-core processors
MicroBlaze
GPS/INS Integration

abstract: Thesis (Master, Electrical & Computer Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2010-10-11 16:08:38.811

abstract:
Navigation algorithms integrating measurements from multi-sensor systems overcome the problems that arise from using GPS navigation systems in standalone mode. Algorithms which integrate the data from 2D low-cost reduced inertial sensor system, consisting of a gyroscope and an odometer, along with a GPS via a Kalman filter has proved to be worthy in providing a consistent and more reliable navigation solution compared to the standalone GPS. It has been also shown to be beneficial, especially in GPS-denied environments such as urban canyons and tunnels. The main objective of this research is to narrow the idea-to-implementation gap that follows the algorithm development by realizing a low-cost real-time embedded navigation system that is capable of computing the data-fused positioning solution instantly. The role of the developed system is to synchronize the measurements from the three sensors, GPS, gyroscope and odometer, relative to the pulse per second signal generated from the GPS, after which the navigation algorithm is applied to the synchronized measurements to compute the navigation solution in real-time.
Xilinx’s MicroBlaze soft-core processor on a Virtex-4 FPGA is utilized and customized for developing the real-time navigation system. The soft-core processor offers the flexibility to choose or implement a set of features and peripherals that are tailored to the specific application to be developed. An embedded system design model is chosen to act as a framework for the work flow to be carried through the system life cycle starting from the system specification phase and ending with the system release. The developed navigation system is tested first on a mobile robot to reveal system bugs and integration problems, and then on a land vehicle testing platform for further testing. The real-time solution from the implemented system when compared to the solution of a high-end navigation system, proved to be successful in providing a comparable consistent real-time navigation solution. Employing a soft-core processor in the kernel of the navigation system, provided the flexibility for communicating with the various sensors and the computation capability required by the Kalman filter integration algorithm.

abstract: M.A.Sc.


title: The Algorithmic Expansion of Stories

contributor:
Lessard, Greg
Levison, Michael
Computing

subject:
computational linguistics
computational semantics
story generation

abstract: Thesis (Ph.D, Computing) -- Queen's University, 2010-10-12 11:24:33.536

abstract:
This research examines how the contents and structure of a story may be enriched by computational means. A review of pertinent semantic theory and previous work on the structural analysis of folktales is presented. Merits and limitations of several content-generation systems are discussed. The research develops three mechanisms - elaboration, interpolation, and continuity fixes - to enhance story content, address issues of rigid structure, and fix problems with the logical progression of a story.

Elaboration works by adding or modifying information contained within a story to provide detailed descriptions of an event. Interpolation works by adding detail between high-level story elements dictated by a story grammar. Both methods search for appropriate semantic functions contained in a lexicon. Rules are developed to ensure that the selection of functions is consistent with the context of the story. Control strategies for both mechanisms are proposed that restrict the quantity and content of candidate functions. Finally, a method of checking and correcting inconsistencies in story continuity is proposed. Continuity checks are performed using semantic threads that connect an object or character to a sequence of events. Unexplained changes in state or location are fixed with interpolation.

The mechanisms are demonstrated with simple examples drawn from folktales, and the effectiveness of each is discussed. While the thesis focuses on folktales, it forms the basis for further work on the generation of more complex stories in the greater realm of fiction.

abstract: PhD


title: Gear Fault Detection Using Non-Contact Magnetic Rotation Position Sensors

contributor:
Mechefske, Chris K.
Mechanical and Materials Engineering

subject:
Gear fault detection
magnetic sensors
transmission error

abstract: Thesis (Master, Mechanical and Materials Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2010-10-12 17:21:13.125

abstract: This thesis is an investigation of possible applications for a low cost non-contact magnetic rotational position sensor.  A single stage gearbox operating spur gears was instrumented with these sensors along with typical optical encoders.  These rotational position devices were used independently to measure gearbox Transmission Error (TE) during operation.  Basic filtering techniques were used to condition the TE so that localized faults were observable.  Characteristic feature extraction on the TE using RMS, Kurtosis and Crest Factor was used to quantify gearbox dynamics.  These features were able to measure dynamic changes in gearbox health, such as wearing in the gears or the progression of a fault resulting in full tooth failure.  These sensor attributes are ideal for machine condition monitoring applications where catastrophic failure can be forewarned by incipient fault detection.

abstract: M.A.Sc.


title: Exploring the Underlying Psychological Processes of Gambling Behaviour: Individual and Contextual Factors

contributor:
Lindsay, Roderick C. L.
Psychology

subject: gambling attitudes impulsivity

abstract: Thesis (Ph.D, Psychology) -- Queen's University, 2010-10-12 22:52:53.757

abstract:
High levels of impulsivity, positive gambling attitudes, and positive gambling beliefs are identified as risk factors for pathological gambling and related symptoms in numerous surveys and naturalistic studies.  However, there remains a need for experimental studies, as we know little about how the effects of these variables on gambling emerge or the contextual factors that may exacerbate or attenuate these effects.  The current project thus tests whether direct effects of impulsivity, attitudes, and beliefs on within-session gambling exist in a controlled environment and examines whether the relationships among these variables and bet perception and betting differ in a spontaneous vs. a deliberative context or according to the desirability of the bets.
Three experiments were conducted using a computerized gambling task.  The first experiment (N=151) had two time conditions: spontaneous and deliberative; and two desirability conditions: high desirability and low desirability (both conditions included ambiguous bets).  Participants’ level of impulsivity, attitudes, and beliefs were assessed.  No significant main effects of impulsivity, attitudes, and beliefs on betting emerged; however, the time and desirability conditions did have an effect.  The second experiment (N=156) replicated the first experiment, but also explored the role of perceptions.  When participants were asked to reflect on their perceptions, impulsivity, attitudes, and beliefs significantly related to participants’ bet perceptions and to betting on ambiguous bets.  The third experiment (N=142) further explored responses to ambiguous bets by removing the impact of the desirability condition.  Consistent with experiment two, attitudes and impulsivity related to bet perceptions and betting.  The effects of impulsivity, attitudes, and beliefs on amount wagered were fully mediated by participants’ perceptions of bets.

abstract: PhD