title: The effects of exogenous testosterone and mating context on men`s preferences for female facial femininity

subject:
Testosterone
facial preferences
femininity
mate preferences
hormones
mating

abstract:
Correlational research suggests that men show greater attraction to feminine
female faces when their testosterone (T) levels are high. Men’s preferences for feminine
faces also seem to vary as a function of relationship context (short versus long-term).
However, the relationship between T and preferences for female facial femininity has yet
to be tested experimentally. This thesis examined the causal role of T in modulating
preferences for facial femininity across both short and long-term mating contexts, using
two separate experiments. Results of Experiment 1 (within-subject design, n = 24)
showed that participants significantly preferred feminized versus masculinized versions
of women’s faces. Further, participants showed a stronger preference for feminine female
faces in the short- versus the long-term context after they received T, but not after they
received placebo. Post-hoc analyses suggest that this effect was driven by a lower
preference for feminine faces in the long-term context when on T relative to placebo.
Results from Experiment 2 (between-subject design, n = 93) were highly consistent with
those of Experiment 1: men demonstrated a significant preference for feminized female
faces in the short- versus the long-term context after T, but not after placebo
administration, and this effect was driven by lower preferences for feminine faces in the
long-term context when on T relative to placebo. Collectively, these findings provide the
first causal evidence that T modulates men’s preferences for facial femininity as a
function of mating context.

abstract: Master of Arts in Applied Psychology


title: La perception de l'importance de l'intelligence, de la personnalité, de l'apparence physique: le rôle de la situation et du sexe

subject:
intelligence
personnalité
apparence physique
situations personnelles
situations professionnelles
homme
femme
traits

abstract: Cette recherche vise à savoir comment le sexe du percevant, ainsi que le sexe de la personne cible joue un rôle dans la perception de l’importance relative de l’intelligence, de la personnalité et de l’apparence physique dans des situations personnelles et professionnelles. 41 étudiants et 97 étudiantes universitaires ont répondu à un questionnaire dans lequel ils devaient évaluer comment un homme ou une femme perçoit l’importance de ces trois traits dans 8 situations personnelles ou professionnelles. Les résultats montrent que les hommes accordent une plus grande importance à l’intelligence et à la personnalité d’un homme qu’à son apparence physique, mais ils considèrent l’intelligence d’une femme plus importante que sa personnalité et que son apparence physique. Par contre, les femmes accordent une plus grande importance à la personnalité qu’à l’intelligence et qu’à l’apparence physique aussi bien pour les hommes et que pour les femmes. Les hommes et les femmes considèrent l’apparence physique le moins important des trois traits.


title: Comparaison entre les étudiants de première génération et de seconde génération : engagement, rendement et persévérance

subject:
étudiant de première génération
études postsecondaires
études universitaires
éducation
engagement dans les études
groupes sous-représentés
sciences humaines
sciences sociales
sociologie de l’éducation
interdisciplinarité et langue d’usage.

abstract:
Cette thèse s’inscrit dans l’interdisciplinarité ; elle recourt aux données de l’Enquête
nationale sur la participation étudiante (NSSE) de 2014 et y exploite des variables scolaires
pour chaque répondant afin de vérifier s’il y a des différences entre les étudiants de
première et de seconde génération dans une université bilingue et triculturelle du nord de
l’Ontario. Une recension des écrits sur le thème fait remarquer des contradictions,
soulève des questions et note l’absence d’études sur le sujet en Ontario français. Les analyses quantitatives comparent 514 étudiants en première année d’études sur les
facteurs d’engagement, de rendement et de persévérance dans les études ainsi que sur la
langue d’usage. Nous avons trouvé peu de différences en ce qui a trait au profil des
répondants et noté un nombre limité de divergences entre les deux groupes concernant
l’engagement dans les études. Les analyses sur la langue d’usage ont fait voir
passablement plus de différences entre les groupes sur le facteur d’engagement dans les
études : les étudiants inscrits dans des programmes de langue française présentent un
meilleur rendement scolaire pour les crédits accumulés. Toutefois, le facteur
persévérance dans les études n’a fait voir aucune différence entre les catégories
d’étudiants, ce qui soulève des doutes sur ce résultat. Soixante-seize individus ont livré des remarques sur la qualité de leur expérience
universitaire que nous avons classées en neuf thématiques et analysées en lien avec les
questions de l’outil. Les commentaires signalent un nombre de convergences et quelques
inconsistances dans les données quantitatives. Bien que cette recherche signale plus de différences entre les deux groupes d’étudiants
que nous l’avions prévu, les divergences relevées sur le facteur d’engagement
corroborent celles des recherches repérées dans la littérature, sauf pour la dimension de la
langue d’usage qui suscite d’autres questionnements. Cette recherche souligne des
similitudes et des divergences entre les deux catégories d’étudiants et propose des
enquêtes ultérieures dans le but de trouver où conduisent les nouvelles avenues qui se
sont présentées.

abstract: Doctorat en philosophie (PhD) en sciences humaines


title: Provenance and depositional age of the Cryogenian ‘grand conglomérat’, host of the Kamoa Cu-deposit, Democratic Republic of Congo

subject:
Detrital zircon
provenance
snowball Earth
Katangan basin

abstract:
The Kamoa copper deposit (759 Mt, 2.67% Cu at 1% cut-off) is one of the largest copper
deposits in the central African copperbelt. Mineralisation at Kamoa is hosted by the Cryogenian
‘grand conglomérat’, which was deposited in an intracratonic rift and its sub- basins associated
with the break-up of Rodinia, and is equated to the ‘Sturtian’ glaciation, the oldest of the
Neoproterozoic glacial events. Using detrital zircon geochronology, the provenance of synglacial and underlying pre-glacial units is compared, to evaluate the temporal dynamics of the
sediment supply at Kamoa. The detrital zircon age distributions suggest that the ‘grand
conglomérat’ was derived from locally exposed basement of the Mesoproterozoic Kibaran
Supergroup and from significant recycling of underlying pre-glacial units, with minor
contributions from distal, primary source areas. The stratigraphic differences in the distribution
of zircon age populations of the strata at Kamoa may reflect changes in glacial dynamics or of
rifting during deposition of the ‘grand conglomérat’. A Neoproterozoic zircon age population
~700 Ma is probably derived from rift-related volcanic rocks and is significant because it
repositions the timing of mid-Neoproterozoic rifting in the Katangan basin and the maximum
depositional age of the ‘grand conglomérat’. The new age constraints suggest that the midNeoproterozoic ‘Sturtian’ glaciation was globally diachronous.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc) in Geology


title: L'éducation physique et santé après la 9e annnée du secondaire en Ontario : le problème de la participation effective des élèves.

publisher:
Laurentian University of Sudbury
Laurentian University of Sudbury

subject:
Éducation physique secondaire
Participation effective

abstract:
Ce mémoire fait un survol du problème de la non-participation effective des élèves aux cours d’Éducation Physique et Santé (ÉP.S) après la neuvième année du niveau secondaire en Ontario. Il est composé de cinq chapitres.
Le premier chapitre de ce mémoire présente la nature de l’ÉP.S, son importance dans chaque province et territoire du Canada, et le programme-cadre de l’ÉP.S. en Ontario. Il termine par l’énonciation de la préoccupation des enseignantes et des enseignants d’ÉP.S au regard de la non-participation des élèves aux cours d’ÉP.S après la classe de 9e année du secondaire.
Le deuxième chapitre, quant à lui, synthétise le cadre théorique explicatif du phénomène de la non-participation des élèves aux cours d’ÉP.S après la classe de 9e année du secondaire. Il présente la théorie de la motivation.
Le chapitre trois expose les principaux facteurs inhibiteurs et motivationnels à la participation des élèves aux cours d’éducation physique et santé, et ce, tels que ces facteurs se présentent dans la recherche.
Le chapitre quatre est relatif aux suggestions à l’endroit du personnel politique des curriculums et des enseignants en vue d’espérer voir s’augmenter la participation des élèves aux cours d’éducation physique et santé.
Enfin, le chapitre cinq qui conclue le travail reprend les grandes lignes de la recherche et énonce des pistes de recherche pour le futur.

abstract: Maîtrise en développement humain


title: Pour une mesure des échanges interactifs et langagiers éducatrices-enfants en services de garde éducatifs.

subject:
services de garde éducatifs
développement de l’enfant
constructivisme social
interaction
pratiques langagières
éducation de la petite enfance
attachement
intégration sociale
programme de qualité
politiques publiques
formation continue
francophones en situation minotaire

abstract:
Depuis les dernières décennies, une attention accrue est portée au rôle que jouent les centres
de la petite enfance et à leur impact, entre autres, sur le développement langagier des
enfants âgés de moins de 6 ans qui les fréquentent. Le programme « Learning Language and
Loving It » (LLLI) du Hanen Centre, un organisme de bienfaisance situé à Toronto, vise à
outiller les éducatrices œuvrant auprès des jeunes enfants d'âge préscolaire. Ce programme
de formation continue de 14 semaines cible les interactions, apprentissage « informel » et
conversations spontanées, et ce, pendant les routines quotidiennes, favorisant ainsi le
développement social et langagier des enfants qui fréquentent les centres de garde éducatifs.
Une recherche effectuée en 2003, auprès de participantes anglophones, en décrit les
bienfaits. Ce programme a été adapté et traduit en français, toutefois, aucune recherche
scientifique n'a été menée pour mesurer l'efficacité du programme auprès des participant(e)s
francophones d’une communauté de langue officielle en situation minoritaire (CLOSM).En
suivant la méthodologie de l’étude originale, l'objectif de ce projet de recherche est de
mesurer l’impact du programme, en contrastant les interactions et pratiques langagières de
16 éducatrices de la petite enfance francophones qui travaillent dans quatre centres de garde
éducatifs dans la région du Grand Sudbury en Ontario par devis expérimentaux. Les outils
GEIPLE (Grille d’évaluation des interactions et des pratiques langagières de l’éducatrice –
outil du programme Apprendre à parler avec plaisir) et le SALT (Systematic Analysis of
Language Transcripts) permettent l’analyse des données. Les résultats de l’étude sont
limités, mais nous permettent d’engager des réflexions. Les éducatrices du groupe
expérimental ne se démarquent pas nettement des éducatrices du groupe contrôle. La
verbosité des enfants du groupe expérimental ne se démarque pas en français, mais plutôt en anglais. L’impact anticipé du programme, la présence des jeunes enfants anglo-dominants,
qui fréquentent ces services de garde éducatifs de langue française sont examinés. Les
modalités de cette étude sont discutées et des recommandations émises, afin de mieux
soutenir le développement langagier des jeunes enfants en CLOSM, l’encadrement prodigué
aux éducatrices et la nécessité d’une communauté de pratique, compte-tenu du désir itératif
des programmes gouvernementaux à atteindre l’objectivité, l’universalité, la certitude et la
maîtrise qu’offre la connaissance scientifique.


title: Determining the metabolic profiles in drosophila melanogaster: development and application of a novel ion-pairing liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry protocol

subject:
LC-MS
Metabolomics
Drosophila melanogaster
oxidative stress

abstract:
Genetic perturbations and foreign chemicals can result in a multitude of changes across a wide
range of biochemical processes in a biological system. These perturbations may affect the
metabolome, the small molecule metabolites in an organism. Recently, liquid-chromatography
coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technology has been used to quantify large proportions
of the metabolome, however standardized protocols are not yet available for use with Drosophila
melanogaster. Here, I developed an ion-pairing LC-MS protocol for the metabolomic
characterization of D. melanogaster and demonstrated its implementation in establishing the
metabolomic profile of flies under oxidative stress and in the metabolic profiles of four different
Drosophila species. I demonstrated that this new method allows for the detection of otherwise
difficult metabolites and that it is repeatable and sensitive with acceptable levels of ionsuppression,
matrix effects, limits of detection and quantification. I then used this method to
determine and quantify the metabolomic fingerprints of loss of Superoxide dismutase activity
and paraquat-induced stress. Comparing and contrasting the effects of these two sources of
oxidative stress, I document both similarities and stressor-specific effects.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc) in Chemical Sciences


title: Hemagglutinin-based antigen designs expressed in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris

subject:
Pichia pastoris
Influenza virus
Hemagglutinin
Antigen
Protein Expression
Gene Design
Receptor Binding Domain
Vaccination

abstract: The Influenza virus is a significant global health problem whose worldwide circulation constantly triggers new pandemic strains often linked to genetic re-assortment and new mutations. Virus variability threatens and challenges the health of millions of citizens. Vaccination against influenza prior to infection offers the standard alternative to antiviral treatment in infected patients. Vaccine production must be available in sufficient volume for human and animal vaccination on a large scale. In this study I designed a novel recombinant influenza protein composed of three chimeric Hemagglutinin (HA) influenza receptor-binding domains (RBD) expressed in tandem. This construct was expressed as a single molecule in Pichia pastoris and characterized by gene sequencing, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, immuno-detection, and carbohydrate composition. The goal of this project is to develop a reagent for use in immunological response assays in a mouse model that will provide information regarding the potential use of these multisubunit gene-expressing constructs as vaccine candidates.


title: Epidemiology of the amphibian pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, across multiple spatial scales

subject:
Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
host-parasite interaction
life history
Rana pipiens
microbiome
MCMCglmm.
mixed-effects models

abstract:
Emerging infectious diseases are increasingly recognized as key threats to wildlife.
Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), the causative agent of chytridiomycosis, has been
implicated in mass mortalities, population declines, and local and global extinctions of
many species of amphibians around the world. As such, it is currently the largest
infectious disease threat to biodiversity. Understanding the distribution and spatial
dynamics of Bd is crucial to predicting spread to new geographic areas, revealing the
history of infection, and developing appropriate management strategies. One of the most
striking features of Bd is the variability in outcome of infection that has been observed
within a species, among populations. By identifying and comparing differences in
variables that co-vary between populations exhibiting different infection characteristics,
we can start to disentangle the mechanisms allowing for parasite persistence and
proliferation. However, infection dynamics operate across nested levels of biological
organization: within-host processes underlie among-host processes within a population.
As such, this thesis works within the classical themes of spatial epidemiology to consider:
1) the distribution of Bd and the evidence for spatial heterogeneity in both the prevalence
and intensity of infection, and 2) the role of individual- and population-level traits in
defining infection outcome.
The research presented, identifies that Bd functions endemically within Rana pipiens
populations in Ontario. Outbreaks of chytridiomycosis are not observed, but infection
dynamics show significant interannual fluctuations related to stable geographic factors
and local climatic nuances experienced at particular host life history stages. However,
Rana pipiens also display variation in resistance to the pathogen, mediated by
thermoregulation, dispersal behaviour, and phenotypic properties. Comparisons between
host populations show variation in skin-associated bacterial communities, which may
mediate susceptibility to chytridiomycosis. These bacterial communities are found to
vary across latitude and between sites experiencing different levels of anthropogenic
disturbance. Additionally, individual level traits, such as amphibian body temperature
and body size are reported to influence bacterial community. Hence, this research
highlights the importance of considering context-dependent individual- and populationlevel
environmental heterogeneity, when attempting to predict the infection risk of Bd.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Boreal Ecology


title: Gatekeeping and social work

subject:
gatekeeping
social work

abstract: Social work educators have an ethical responsibility to screen out students who are underperforming in a process known as gatekeeping. Gatekeeping is seen as a screening tool to prevent underperforming students from entering the field of social work. Field education represents an area where social work students are able to develop and demonstrate the necessary skills needed to work as professional social workers. When field placements are terminated, the results can be devastating for everyone involved. This qualitative study explored the experiences of nine field supervisors and one faculty consultant who had experienced an underperforming field placement student at some point in their careers. Ten semi-structured interviews were conducted with social workers who supervise placement students from northern and rural regions of Ontario both in person and over the telephone over a five-month period. The resulting data was then analyzed using the six-step approach developed by Tutty, Rothery, and Grinnell (1996). The results indicate that there are a variety of challenges identified by field placement supervisors when acting as gatekeepers of the social work profession. Discussions of the results, the implications for the field of social work, as well as recommendations, are presented.

abstract: degree of Master of Social Work


title: Dynamic stability of the human body during unstable pushups

subject:
instability training
dynamic stability
spine stability
degrees of freedom
unstable pushups

abstract:
Instability training provides the nervous system with a greater challenge than traditional
training, and thus can be performed with a reduced external load, potentially reducing the
likelihood of injury. Unstable exercises have also been found to elicit higher levels of core
muscle activity than their stable counterparts and so may increase joint loading. The degree to
which instability challenges the stability of the human body likely relies on the level of
instability of the movement, but the influence of experimental instability, and its effect on the
level of stability of the human body, has yet to be determined. This study aims to examine how
altering the available degrees of freedom of the pushup, as a means of quantifying instability,
may affect the dynamic stability of the lumbar spine. The results of this study indicate that
adding two available degrees of freedom to the conventional pushup significantly increases
kinematic variance of the L1 vertebra through 3-dimensional space. No significant difference in
kinematic variability existed between the two conditions of additional available degrees of
freedom. These results may help health care professionals improve the individualization of their
training programs by taking desired level of instability into account, and adjusting available
degrees of freedom accordingly.

abstract: Master of Human Kinetics (MHK)


title: Regional geophysical investigation of the Sudbury structure

subject:
Sudbury structure
magnetic
gravity
interpretation

abstract:
The ca. 1850 Ma Sudbury structure (SS) lies in the Canadian Shield at the paleocontinental margin between the Archean Superior province and the Proterozoic Southern Province. It comprises the Sudbury Igneous Complex (SIC), underlying brecciated footwall rocks, and the overlying sedimentary sequence of the Whitewater Group that occupy the central depression of the SIC. Having gone through a series of syn- and post-formation orogenies, the hypothesized initial circular shape of the SIC has been deformed into an elliptical shape of about 28 km by 60 km. Contacts qualitatively interpreted from the computed directional and tilt derivatives of the magnetic field are mostly coincident with the mapped geological contacts, especially in the North Range, but show some inconsistencies in the South Range probably due to extensive alteration and deformation processes. Interpreted magnetic lineaments further highlight the continuity of some previously known faults and dykes and also revealed some new lineaments probably buried or otherwise obscured. Two-and-a-half dimensional joint magnetic and gravity forward modelling consistent with the magnetic contacts and a new interpretation of the Lithoprobe seismic section incorporated a north-verging fold into the basal portion of the SIC in the South Range. The location of the basal deformation is coincident with and could be related to a linear gravity high observed within the Sudbury Basin. Geological interpretation along six profiles was used to develop a three-dimensional geological model of the Sudbury structure and forward gravity computation suggests the existence of a dense feature, interpreted to be mafic volcanic rocks of the Elliot Lake Group, at about 5-6 km depth under the Sudbury Basin. Sulfide-rich sublayer norite could lie above this deformed zone, suggesting it to be a deep prospective zone for future investigation. Northwest-directed closure and reversal of the Huronian rift basin during the Penokean orogeny is suggested to explain the development of
iv
structures at the base of the SIC. This interpretation is consistent with most reflectors of the Lithoprobe seismic section.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Mineral Deposits and Precambrian Geology


title: The effects of early life stress on stress induced binge eating later in life

subject:
stress
binge eating

abstract: Research has shown that stress not only affects our food intake but early life stress can affect this stress/eating relationship later in life as well. To study this, rats were subjected to early life stressors beginning on postnatal day 28 which consist of the adolescent phase of the rats lives, stressors consisted of elevated platform, damp bedding and restraint. On postnatal day 50, when rats had become adults they were then subjected to a mild electrical foot shock, after which, their intake of high palatable food was measured. Results demonstrate that rats who received early life stress ate less after the shock ( ) than rats who had not received early life stress ( ). These results suggest that early life stress increases rats’ sensitivity to stressors, thus reducing their stress related binge eating tendencies. Results obtained in this study demonstrate a potential factor that causes rats to become stress under eaters or stress over eaters.

abstract: Honours essay


title: "If we have the knowledge, then that is power to help our expectant moms": Northern Ontario health care students' knowledge and attitudes addressing alcohol consumption during pregnancy.

subject:
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
developmental disability
alcohol
qualitative
vignettes
Northern Ontario
health care students
health care professionals
prevention
health behaviour
self-efficacy
women’s health

abstract: The current document is a paper-based dissertation investigating health care professionals’ knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy regarding fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) and alcohol consumption during pregnancy. This dissertation incorporates findings from a secondary data analysis of health care professionals in Ontario, as well as original data from health care students training in Northern Ontario. While previous research has demonstrated that health care professionals remain under-educated concerning FASD and alcohol use during pregnancy, limited research has investigated the knowledge and experiences of health care students. The first paper included is a secondary data analysis of the 2001-2002 Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Survey for Health Professionals. Ontario-specific data (N=834) were used to examine the awareness of FASD held by various provider groups in both rural and urban settings. Results from this study indicate that many physicians, midwives, and other health care professionals may have inconsistent knowledge regarding the impact of prenatal alcohol exposure, resulting in mixed messages for women of childbearing age about the safety of alcohol use during pregnancy. The second paper included is a qualitative analysis of scenario-based vignettes regarding alcohol use during pregnancy. Although almost all students (N=21) recognized that no alcohol consumption during pregnancy is the safest recommendation, many students noted that this advice is not always conveyed to pregnant women. Finally, the third paper included is also a qualitative analysis based on a thematic analysis of scenario-based vignettes and semistructured interviews. The third paper explores health care students’ (N=21) attitudes and beliefs about women who may continue to consume alcohol throughout their pregnancy and presents the often stereotypical and stigmatic perceptions of FASD and alcohol use during pregnancy held by health care professionals. Recommendations and implications for increasing students’ and professionals’ knowledge and self-efficacy regarding FASD management and prevention are discussed.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Interdisciplinary Rural and Northern Health


title: The impact of intergroup similarity on prosocial behaviour

subject:
Intergroup relations
social identity
prosocial behaviour
social networking

abstract:
Individuals are frequently asked to provide aid to those in need and social networking sites have
become a popular vehicle for requesting such aid. The question of who is likely to receive help
has applied implications, and research addressing this in an online context is timely. This study
therefore evaluated the impact of intergroup similarity on online prosocial behaviour. Intergroup
similarity was manipulated by altering the national identity of a recipient of aid ingroup
(Canada), similar outgroup (United States), and dissimilar outgroup (South Africa). Prosocial
behaviour was assessed on three measures: Facebook support (clicking ‘like’ or ‘share’ on
Facebook), prosocial intentions (willingness to engage in prosocial behaviours with real world
consequences: signing a petition, volunteering, donating, or fundraising), and prosocial action
(behaviours with real world consequences: signing a petition, volunteering, donating or
fundraising). Moderated multiple regression analyses assessed whether prosocial personality,
civic engagement, and conservatism moderated the relationship between intergroup similarity
and the three measures of prosociality. Main effects and moderation effects were generally
consistent with the common ingroup identity model. Implications are discussed in relation to
increasing the effectiveness of charitable campaigns and educational programs aimed at
promoting prosocial behaviour.

abstract: Master of Arts in Psychology (M.A.)


title: Differences between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal women engaged in street prostitution in Sudbury.

subject:
Prostitution
Sex work
Aboriginal
Colonization
Sudbury
Substance use
Women
Hardships

abstract:
This study identifies differences between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal women engaged in
street prostitution in Sudbury, Ontario using an Indigenous Research Paradigm. A sample of
twelve women engaged in street prostitution were interviewed using the Prostitution
Questionnaire developed by Dr. Melissa Farley of Prostitution Research & Education.
Additional questions of regional and cultural relevance were added. A comparison group of nine
marginalized women without experience in prostitution was also interviewed with an abbreviated
interview tool. The results indicated that Aboriginal women engaged in street prostitution
differed from non-Aboriginal women in the following areas: stronger desire for the legalization
of prostitution, more experience with discrimination, more physical assaults, higher alcohol
consumption, more criticism from others about alcohol consumption, stronger desire to reduce
alcohol consumption, more prolonged substance use, stronger desire for treatment of substance use, family with residential school experience, more interest in deepening cultural connections,
more active within their faith, greater contact with family and more trusting relationships. Like
Aboriginal women engaged in prostitution, Aboriginal women with hardships differed from non-
Aboriginal women with hardships in their family experience with residential schools, in being
more active within their faith and having greater contact with family. Furthermore, Aboriginal
women with hardships also had more family and friends living in a First Nations community, had
lived in a First Nations community at some point and had more knowledge of Aboriginal
teachings. Additional results outside of identified differences were also included to help define
the local populations. The findings, in relation to Aboriginal women engaged in street
prostitution, are discussed within the context of historical antecedents, community development
and political policies.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Human Studies


title: Ecology and food quality of fishes in coastal rivers of the far north of Ontario

subject:
river
freshwater
fish
subarctic
growth
anadromy
food webs
stable isotopes
mercury
fatty acids
food quality

abstract:
The Far North of Ontario is home to over 24 000 people in 31 communities, and many of
these people rely heavily on wild fish as part of their diet. Six of these communities are
situated on the lower reaches of large river systems near the coast of Hudson and James
Bays. These large rivers, as well as numerous smaller rivers along the coast, are home to a
variety of fish species, including some presumed anadromous (migrating between fresh and
salt water) populations, that support important subsistence fisheries. However, little research
has been carried out on fish resources of these river systems, and basic information is
generally lacking. I examined fish populations from the lower reaches of 14 of these rivers in
terms of growth, trophic ecology, life history, and their suitability for human consumption
based on mercury and fatty acid content. Stable isotope and fatty acid compositions
indicative of predation on marine food sources were most evident in the presumed
anadromous species - Brook Trout, Lake Whitefish and Cisco. Compared to inland lakes of
the same drainage basins, coastal river populations of Northern Pike and Walleye grew faster
and occupied broader trophic niches, suggestive of an indirect marine influence on their diet.
In contrast, Lake Whitefish tended to grow more slowly in coastal rivers than in inland lakes.
Fish mercury concentrations in coastal rivers have not changed appreciably over the last ~ 30
years. Current fish mercury concentrations did not vary latitudinally among coastal rivers,
but were significantly higher than in inland lakes for Walleye, Lake Whitefish and White
Sucker. Fillet lipid and essential fatty acid (EPA+DHA) content decreased with increasing
latitude in Northern Pike, but not in other species. Both mercury and essential fatty acid
concentrations of fish muscle varied among rivers but there did not appear to be spatial
concordance between them. Presumed anadromous species - Brook Trout, Lake Whitefish,
Cisco – tended to have both the greatest concentrations of essential fatty acids and among the
lowest mercury concentrations, making them an especially high quality food source. Walleye
generally had the highest muscle mercury concentration and relatively low essential fatty
acid content.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc) in Biology


title: The perceived influence of emotions on clinical decisions and practices in child and adolescent eating disorders

subject:
Eating Disorders
Clinician Emotions
Eating DisoChildren and Adolescents

abstract: Recently, two theoretical models (the Iatrogenic Maintenance Model for Eating Disorders and the Therapist Drift Model) have identified clinician emotion as a factor that may negatively influence the treatment of eating disorders (ED). However, the role of clinician emotion in the delivery of treatment remains largely unstudied. The present article-based thesis sought to examine clinicians’ perceptions of the negative influence of emotions (clinicians’ own emotions and those of others) on clinical decisions and practices with respect to child and adolescent eating disorders. Two studies were conducted to examine clinicians’ perceptions of whether, and in what ways, emotions play a role in clinical decisions and practices. Overall, clinicians endorsed some degree of negative influence of emotions on clinical decisions. Specific treatment decisions were identified as being perceived to be more vulnerable to the negative influence of emotions (e.g., decisions related to the involvement of a critical or dismissive parent in treatment), and particular client/parent emotional states (anger, flat affect, hopelessness or helplessness) were identified as being perceived to be more likely to lead to a negative influence of emotions on clinical decisions. Clinicians also endorsed specific concerns that they perceive to drive emotion-based decisions, as well as several emotion-driven practices. Finally, clinician characteristics related to the perceived occurrence of this phenomenon were examined. Emotional drain and work setting were factors predictive of the perception of negative emotional influence on decisions and practices. The results are discussed in terms of the implications for clinical practice and future directions.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA) in Applied Psychology


title: A comparative evaluation of Canadian physical activity play-based programs for children with different abilities and its transferability to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

subject:
children with different abilities
physical activity
play
play-based program

abstract:
Children with different abilities have been shown to have limited participation in play and
physical activities, thereby placing them at higher risk for developmental health problems.
Previous research has suggested that participation in play and physical activity program may
benefit these children, the outcome of such programs potentially impacting their physical, social,
and cognitive well-being. Given these links, it is important to understand how these play-based
programs work and which of their specific features are responsible for positive outcomes. A
comparative case study was applied to conduct the three phases of this inquiry: (1) the
completion of comparative case studies of three similar play-based programs in Canada; (2) the
identification and selection of useful and applicable patterns and features across all three playbased programs; and (3) the adaption and customization of a Canadian framework of play-based
programs into the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s culture and context. To complete the first two
phases, interview data and unobtrusive data were collected from 40 Canadian program team
members. The data were deductively and inductively analyzed via thematic analysis. The data
were analyzed deductively and inductively via thematic analysis. The results included an indepth picture of three examples of Canadian play-based programs and their evidence-based
successful factors. Important themes included: (a) the quality of the program (adequate program
theory, implementation, material delivery, team, and facilities), (b) meeting needs, and (c)
lessons learned from experts and practitioners. The third phase was completed by engaging 61
Saudi intended users in an open-ended questionnaire and SWOT analysis with the aim of
increasing the likelihood of successful implementation. The result included a customized KSA
play-based program based on the Canadian framework.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Humane Studies


title: Water source of concern: an architectural response to the implications of the Winnipeg Aqueduct on a way of life in Shoal Lake 40 First Nation

subject:
water
community development
Indigenous community design
architecture

abstract:
This thesis focuses on the community of Shoal Lake 40 First Nation
in Northwestern Ontario and the impact of the Winnipeg Aqueduct on a way
of life. This thesis aims to present an architectural response which provides a
restorative environment for a community, as well as developing a sustainable
economy within that community. The main architectural response includes
a water purifcation centre, a community greenhouse and a constructed
wetlands park. Potable water will then be available to the community’s
residents. Once this is established the second phase will be an eco-lodge that
incorporates the living museum previously established within the community,
along with a series of cabins, as this will promote eco-tourism. A series of
landscape and low impact design strategies are also planned throughout the
proposal across a spectrum of design scales, from the master plan, to the
building scale, including the ecological. Through these phased interventions
over time, the community of Shoal Lake 40 First Nation will frst provide
potable water to its residents, and then subsequently continue to develop a
sustainable community

abstract: Master of Architecture (M.Arch)


title: Wood architecture research and fabrication centres

subject:
wood
wood architecture
wood architecture research
mass timber
assemblies
fabrication
wood fabrication
digital fabrication
computer aided design
prefabrication
design
sustainability
research facility
research exploration
design-build
northern climate
northern architecture
environmental conditions

abstract:
This thesis explores architectural wood assemblies and
fabrication methods, towards the design of a wood architecture research
and fabrication centre, at Laurentian University. During the 19th century
timber was the dominant building material used throughout Northern
Ontario. The industrial revolution of the 20th century, introduced concrete
and steel into the construction industry as fire-resistant alternatives
to timber buildings. Due to increased environmental concerns and
the advancement of engineering capabilities, wood has re-emerge
in the 21st century as a low-carbon alternative to concrete and steel
construction. This revolution towards a sustainable building industry is
demanding an increased understanding of wood, and its potential within
the built environment. This thesis examines academic and industry
research facilities experimenting with wood buildings assemblies and
robotic manufacturing processes. Design and fabrication research is
conducted to develop a new architectural assembly that is applied in
a building proposal for a Wood Architecture Research and Fabrication
Centre at Laurentian University, in Sudbury, Ontario.

abstract: Master of Architecture (M.Arch.)


title: Numerical modeling of brittle rock failure around underground openings under statis and dynamic stress loadings

subject:
rock failure
FLAC
underground excavation
rockburst

abstract:
Stability of underground excavations is a prerequisite for the proper functioning of all other systems in a mining environment. From a safety point of view, the lives of people working underground rely on how well the support systems installed underground are performing. The ground control engineer cannot design an effective support system unless the area of the rock mass around the opening, prone to failure, is well identified in advance, even before the excavation of the tunnel.
Under high stress conditions, usually experienced at deep mining levels, stress-induced rock failure is the most common type of instability around the underground openings. This thesis focuses firstly on the use of the finite difference numerical tool FLAC to simulate brittle rock failure under static in-situ stresses. Brittle failure of the rock mass around underground openings is a particular type of stress-induced failure, which can result in notch-shaped breakouts around the boundary of the tunnel. Generation of these breakout zones is a discontinuum process and approximating this process using FLAC, which is a continuum tool, requires careful consideration of the stress conditions and the stress related behavior of rock material. Based on plasticity theory, this thesis makes an effort to estimate the breakout formation using an elastic – brittle - plastic material model.
Due to seismic challenges that deep mining operations are currently experiencing, rockbursting is a major hazard to the stability of underground structures. Therefore in this research, brittle failure of rock in the vicinity of the underground excavations is approximated also under dynamic loading conditions. The numerically modeled results of two different material models
iv
are compared with each other along with a previously developed empirical graph. This assessment, when further validated by field observations, may provide a different perspective for underground support design under burst-prone conditions.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (M.A.Sc.) in Natural Resources Engineering


title: The use of mechanical redundancy for fault detection in non-stationary machinery

subject:
machinery fault detection
machinery fault simulator
subsystems
parallel machines
non-stationary machinery

abstract:
The classical approach to machinery fault detection is one where a machinery’s condition is constantly compared to an established baseline with deviations indicating the occurrence of a
fault. With the absence of a well-established baseline, fault detection for variable duty machinery
requires the use of complex machine learning and signal processing tools. These tools require extensive data collection and expert knowledge which limits their use for industrial applications.
The thesis at hand investigates the problem of fault detection for a specific class of variable duty machinery; parallel machines with simultaneously loaded subsystems. As an industrial case study, the parallel drive stations of a novel material haulage system have been instrumented to confirm the mechanical response similarity between simultaneously loaded machines. Using a
table-top fault simulator, a preliminary statistical algorithm was then developed for fault detection in bearings under non-stationary operation. Unlike other state of the art fault detection
techniques used in monitoring variable duty machinery, the proposed algorithm avoided the need for complex machine learning tools and required no previous training.
The limitations of the initial experimental setup necessitated the development of a new
machinery fault simulator to expand the investigation to include transmission systems. The design, manufacturing and setup of the various subsystems within the new simulator are covered in this manuscript including the mechanical, hydraulic and control subsystems. To ensure that
the new simulator has successfully met its design objectives, extensive data collection and analysis has been completed and is presented in this thesis.
The results confirmed that the developed machine truly represents the operation of a
simultaneously loaded machine and as such would serve as a research tool for investigating the application of classical fault detection techniques to parallel machines in non-stationary operation.

abstract: Master's Theses


title: Forward modelling and imaging method studies for cross-hole radio imaging (RIM) data.

subject:
Forward modelling
Finite-element method (FEM)
Comsol
Cross-hole
Radio-imaging method (RIM)
Electromagnetic
SIRT
Back scattering inversion
Contrast source inversion (CSI)
TE
2D inversion

abstract:
The radio imaging method (RIM) is a cross-hole electromagnetic (EM) method which employs radio frequency EM waves to estimate the electric properties between boreholes. RIM is applied in hard rock mining to find and delineate sulfide mineral deposits. A basic and relatively simple method for imaging and interpreting RIM data is the straight-ray method. However, the strengths and weaknesses of the straight-ray method and other more sophisticated methods have not been studied thoroughly.
In the first part this research, I modelled RIM data using a finite element package, Comsol Multiphysics. To validate the Comsol approach, I compared the Comsol model data with the analytical solution of an electric dipole in a homogeneous whole-space model, and some published analytical solutions and numerical solutions of models with conductive objects. The Comsol generated data are consistent with the analytical and the published results.
Secondly, I used Comsol synthetic data to assess the effectiveness of the straight-ray method for interpreting RIM data and to study the characteristics of the radio-frequency EM fields. I studied four sets of models with conductive objects embedded in resistive environments, which resemble ore deposits in mining settings. The experiments show that the characteristics of the EM fields mainly depend on the wavelength. Longer wavelengths are associated with lower frequencies. In this condition, EM induction is strong. Shorter wavelengths are associated with higher frequencies. In this condition, the scattering effects of EM waves dominate. In the radio-frequency range, I concluded that the straight-ray method cannot always provide high quality imaging results for RIM data.
To account for the scattering effects, I adopted the contrast source inversion (CSI) method, which was originally developed for microwave tomography in medical imaging, to invert the RIM data. The CSI method was tested with Comsol synthetic data and field data. The synthetic studies show that the CSI method provides images with more accurate locations and shapes of the conductive objects when compared with the straight-ray method. The case studies show that CSI imaging results are more consistent for data collected at different frequencies and are easier to interpret geologically.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Mineral Deposits and Precambrian Geology


title: Legacy planning for major multi-sport events vs faith, hope and charity!

abstract:
Not unlike many nations that have bid for and hosted major multi-sport events, franchise holders and their backers in countries around the world routinely cite a number of benefits that will accrue to their country in order to garner the public and private support required to successfully bid for and stage international level major multi-sport events.
These benefits include: sport development; social, cultural, economic and community
benefits, among others, derived from hosting international level sport events.
Canada has an enviable record of hosting major multi-sport events. We have staged
them often and we have hosted them well. Since 1967, Canada has hosted almost
every major multi-sport event available to it. Billions of dollars in public expenditures have been made in support of these events from all levels of government. But do the promises that are made to convince governments, community leaders and the general public deliver the benefits that they advertise?
This research paper will examine the legacy aspects of major multi-sport games from
the vantage point of community development, economic impact and in particular sport benefits. It also offers a conceptual framework to evaluate the sport benefit
legacies and introduces the Major Event Return Legacy Index (MERLIN©).
The prospect of hosting a major multi-sport event attracts a multitude of eager bidders in pursuit of tangible and intangible legacies for a nation. However, the rising complexity and spiraling expenditures necessary to secure, plan and stage these events require more robust assessment tools to properly measure the cost/benefit of supporting these mega projects. This research paper will contribute to the body of knowledge available to assist franchise holders and policy makers in determining the true legacy benefits that can be derived from hosting a major multi-sport event instead of relying on faith, hope and charity!

abstract: Master of Business Administration (M.B.A.)


title: Sexism and personality traits: what you think, and what you think others think

subject:
personality traits
sexist assumptions
positive personality traits
negative personality traits
men
women

abstract: The studies of personality traits, as well as the study of sexist assumptions, have been a popular topic of interest in psychology. In this study, both variables are combined and examined to determine the extent to which certain personality traits are associated to men and women respectively. In addition to this, the study determines if the perceptions differ when considering the answers strictly given by men or by women, and both towards their own, and the opposite sex. These perceptions are measured via questionnaire given to thirty males and thirty females, all students at Laurentian University. Briefly stated, negative personality traits were most often associated to women, and the positive traits were mainly traits which benefit others (like generous and patient, for example). Positive and self-sufficient traits, such as ambitious and confident, for example, were mostly associated towards men.


title: A rhetorical analysis of wind concerns Ontario's use of melodrama to promote online opposition to industrial wind turbine developments

subject: blogs

subject: divisive humour

subject: environmental grassroots organizations websites

subject: environmental rhetoric

subject: headlines

subject: melodrama

subject: Green Energy Act Ontario

subject: industrial wind turbine opposition

subject: participatory journalism

subject: rhetorical analysis

subject: Wind Concerns Ontario

abstract:
In 2009, the Ontario government implemented the Green Energy Act (GEA). Within this
initiative, the GEA heavily subsidized renewable energy developments and instituted procedural
mechanisms to expedite such developments across the province. In doing so, the GEA altered
the landscapes of numerous rural Ontario communities. Since 2009, nearly 2 500 industrial wind
turbines (IWTs) have been constructed – turbines approximately 80 meters high with blades
exceeding 40 meters. In response to this alteration, roughly 50 grassroots groups have
designated themselves as “Not A Willing Host” of IWTs.  This phenomenon represents a paradoxical “green on green” (Warren et al. 2005) controversy in
which pro-environmental arguments figure centrally (though not exclusively) within grassroots
opposition to a government-led ‘green’ initiative.
To understand the scope and style of these arguments as a form of environmental
communication, my dissertation undertakes a textured rhetorical analysis of Wind Concerns
Ontario’s (WCO) online opposition – the most prominent grassroots IWT opposition group
within the province.
Drawing on Schwarze’s (2006) theory of environmental melodrama, my rhetorical analysis
illustrates that WCO’s use of ‘embedded third-party edited blog posts’ constitutes an
environmental melodrama – a melodrama that is enacted through WCO’s appropriation of
journalistic conventions. In communicating these posts, WCO often inserts its own headline,
lead, visual and/or caption to frame the linked item as part of its oppositional discourse. I argue that this complex and contemporary rhetorical strategy functions as a form of participatory
journalism to promote political homophily and create an echo chamber in which the ideological
underpinnings of IWT opposition coalesce and reverberate, while contrary ideologies are
dismissed.
This research contributes to further mapping the parameters of the IWT controversy in Ontario.
It also contributes to an understanding of the rhetorical repertoire of environmental melodrama
by highlighting its discursive complexity and malleability – notably the incorporation of
technocratic discourse conventions and divisive humour – two features not typically associated
with this rhetorical form. Furthermore, by exploring the characteristics and implications of
melodrama – a rhetorical form common in public disputes – this research will inform citizens
and stakeholders who find themselves imbricated amidst a social controversy, environmental or
otherwise, and navigating a potential rhetorical response.


title: Life history trade-offs, immune function and the expression of sexual signals in two model groups of birds (Psittaciformes, Charadriiformes)

subject:
Ecological immunology
Reproduction-based trade-offs
Psittaciformes
Charadriiformes

abstract: Ecological immunology is the study of the ecological and evolutionary factors that explain variation in the function of, and investment in, the immune system. Within this field, reproduction-based trade-offs are an important focus, where studies often address the immunological costs associated with the expression of secondary sexual traits used in mate choice. Specifically, the Immunocompetence Handicap Hypothesis (ICHH) links the expression of secondary sexual traits to immune function, stating that testosterone promotes the expression of these traits while suppressing the immune system. In doing so, testosterone may maintain the honest expression of such traits, but also ultimately cause sex differences in immunity because males tend to have high levels of testosterone. I explore aspects of these topics using two model systems: the Psittaciformes (Parrots: Chapter 2) and the Charadriiformes (shorebirds), in particular the sex-role reversed Red phalarope (Phalaropus fulicarius). In Chapter 2, I employed a phylogenetically informed approach to investigate the relationships among immune investment, plumage colouration and longevity in parrots. I found that immune investment was greater in more colourful species, as well as in those with a slower pace-of-life (i.e., longer incubation periods), but not specifically in those with longer lifespans. In Chapter 3, I investigated the role that reproductive behaviours play in determining sex differences in corticosterone levels. One explanation for sex differences in the stress response is that selection favours a reduced response in incubating birds to reduce nest abandonment. I generally found little support for sex differences in corticosterone being driven by behaviours related to incubation. Moreover, in phalaropes, sex differences in corticosterone were already present prior to incubation. In Chapter 4, I found that males have higher levels of testosterone than females, but that females were immunosuppressed compared to males. However, I found evidence that testosterone may regulate immune function in females, but not males. The observation of female-biased immunosuppression is consistent with Bateman’s Principle, and although there was some evidence of a testosterone-mediated handicap acting through immune function, these results attest to a fundamental lability in the relationship between testosterone and immunity. In Chapter 5, I demonstrated that plumage colouration in phalaropes is condition-dependent and so potentially conveys useful information to conspecifics. Yet, the relationship was negative in both sexes such that more colourful individuals had poorer immunocompetence, which was contrary to predictions. In Chapter 6, I demonstrated that phalaropes pair assortatively (positively) based on plumage colouration, but negatively based on aspects of size. I discuss the results of this dissertation in the light of life history theory, as well as in the context of mechanisms maintaining signal honesty.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Boreal Ecology


title: Commissioning and verification of compressed air yield on the hydraulic air compressor demonstrator

subject:
hydraulic air compressors
instrumentation
commissioning
air yield

abstract:
The completion of the hydraulic air compressor (HAC) demonstrator at Dynamic Earth in
Sudbury, Ontario marks the beginning of a series of research activities to increase the efficiency
of compressed air production and build confidence in future commercial applications. Before any
proper experiments could be conducted on the HAC Demonstrator a series of commissioning
activities and testing was completed to i) calibrate the instruments, ii) check and understand losses,
and iii) verify, or otherwise, some of the assumptions made during the system design.
The practical work associated with this master’s thesis included the development of a human
machine interface (HMI) to allow for automated control of the HAC. Instrumentation and control
equipment was installed and routed to a control panel providing conditioned power and routes for
signals. Within the control panel, these are digitised and transmitted using TCP/ IP/ MODBUS
protocol, operating over a TopServer (Software toolbox, 2009) OPC backbone. The OPC Client
toolbox in MATLAB was adopted to interface with the OPC Server, and MATLAB’s App
Designer adopted for authoring the HMI. All I/O functionality is thus routed to MATLAB in which
a PID control loop was established between the HAC separator water level and the HAC’s
compressed air motorized globe valve. Thus, a reliable, flexible, scientific control interface and
data storage infrastructure was established for this novel compression plant as part of the master’s
work. The HAC Demonstrator can now effectively run a variety of experiments while recording a
wide range of data for analysis. To date, a series of 90 benchmark tests for compressor performance
have been completed in a systematic manner on the demonstrator to create a database of real HAC
operating conditions. This thesis thus represents the first formal publication of the HAC
Demonstrator’s complete performance under the baseline operating conditions.
Previous predictions of the compressed air yield and efficiency of a HAC of this size have been
made by Millar (2014), upgraded to weakly couple solubility loss by Pavese et al. (2016) and
refined using Young’s (2017) detailed coupling of solubility and psychrometric phenomena. The
predictions made by these models have been tested. The 1D hydrodynamic solubility models also
predicted a small beneficial ‘airlift’ effect on compressor performance, due to exsolution of
formerly dissolved compressed gas, that has also been reported upon.
One unexpectedly important factor that has been found to affect HAC performance that was not
anticipated in any of the models included the absolute surface roughness of rubber lined pipe, in
comparison to that of bare steel pipe. High precision experiments are reported upon that have
produced reliable values for absolute surface roughness for rubber lining materials, that have now
been adopted in the HAC models, and may be adopted more widely too. The occurrence of
detrainment, water jet-free fall and air re-entrainment is speculated upon as the source of
previously unreported loss in the air-water mixing process, based on pressure profiling
observations undertaken over the complete performance envelope of the Dynamic Earth HAC
Demonstrator.

abstract: Science (MASc) in Natural Resources Engineering


title: Bond mean field theory for electron spin resonance frequency shift analysis

subject:
ESR
spin lattices
bond-mean-field theory
solid state

abstract:
Electron spin resonance (ESR) is an important experimental technique. A comprehensive theory of ESR has been di cult to establish, and as such several di erent approximations
are used to predict and explain experimental results. This thesis applies the bond-mean-
 eld theory to the problem of ESR frequency shift for the one-dimensional antiferromagnetic
Heisenberg spin chain with uniaxial exchange anisotropy. We use this theory to calculate
the ESR resonance frequency shift as a function of temperature and magnetic  eld. We
perform numerical calculations using the expression obtained. These results are compared
to existing results in the literature; they are in broad agreement with theoretical results such
as those of Oshikawa and A eck obtained via bosonisation, but they show discrepancies
with experimental results. We agree with the theoretical authors that the discrepancy is due to our use of the simplest-case interaction model.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc) in Physics


title: The intersecting social identities of Canadian national team female boxers

subject:
intersectionality
social identities
female boxer
culture sport psychology
cultural praxis
arts-based method
creative nonfiction inquiry

abstract:
Understanding athletes as whole person through the lens of social identities is an
emerging line of inquiry in both the academic and practical fields, within sport
psychology (Schinke & McGannon, 2015). Social identities can be represented as
socially constructed and group-based conceptions that people are categorized within
multiple social groups, such as gender, race, sexuality, class, education, age, ethnicity,
and disability, which constituting each person as who they are and how they relate to the
outside world (Blodgett, Schinke, McGannon & Fisher, 2014). In the previous research,
researchers portrayed athletes only through the role-based athletic identity (Ronkainen,
Kavoura, & Ryba, 2016). Utilizing social constructionism, in the current dissertation,
identities were conceptualized as multifaceted, fluid, performative, and contextually
contingent products of cultural narratives and discourses (Schinke & McGannon, 2015),
saturated with power, making individuals privileged in certain cultural discourses while
subordinated in others (Collins, 2000). To develop an understanding of complexity and
multiplicity of athletes, I integrated an intersectionality framework to investigate how do
athletes engage in the sport team with multiple aspects of selves within the Canadian
National Female Boxing Team. The research questions were structured as: (1) How do
the national female boxers construct multiple social identities in boxing? (2) What social
identities are privileged and what are subordinated on the Canadian National Boxing
Team? (3) What are the implications of the various culturally constructed social identities
and associated meanings for female boxers’ sport experience and wellbeing? Ten national
female boxers participated in this research. Art-based method and conversational
interview were employed to facilitate rich storied accounts around social identities
iv
(Smith, 1999). Interpretive thematic analysis (Braun & Clark, 2016) and creative
nonfiction inquiry (Smith & McGannon, 2015) were used to organize the data around
research questions. Based on the stories and experiences athletes shared, nine social
identities were identified as salient and meaningful to athletes’ sport experience on the
National Team context, where the patriarchal, whiteness-centered; and pragmatic
discourses inform the identity inequality issues on the team. The identities were
coalesced into three groups (gender-sexuality-physicality, race and ethnicity- languagereligion,
and socioeconomic status-weight categories- the athletic level) for analysis.
Seven vignettes were presented to show the different social realities that athletes
constructed pertaining to these social identities. Following the CSP agenda, the current
project aims to empower marginalized identities and to build up a culturally inclusive
sport environment. Five conclusions were generated around the intersectionality of
athletes’ social identities, with the practical implications, recommendations, and
interventions were presented correspondingly.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PHD) in Human Studies


identifier: Lacassagne, Aurélie:  Une  reconstruction éliasienne de la théorie d'Alexander Wendt:  pour une approche relationniste de la politique internationale.  Bordeaux:  Université Montesquieu, 2008.

format: application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf

abstract:
Cette thèse propose une démonstration critique de l’œuvre d’Alexander Wendt. On mettra en lumière la généalogie de sa pensée qui se retrouve en théorie sociale et en relations internationales. Ainsi, on peut dire que la théorie wendtienne, loin d’apporter une réponse au traditionnel débat agency-structure, met en réalité en évidence le problème fondamental posé par les termes mêmes de ce débat. La volonté affichée par Wendt de synthétiser les deux approches co-déterministes que sont le constructivisme et le réalisme critique, démontre notamment l’impasse théorique d’un tel mode de pensée. Une reformulation sémantique des termes du débat apparaît nécessaire d’où le développement de concepts tels que le processus, relations, habitus et configurations issus de la pensée éliasienne.
Nous proposons également de faire une reconstruction de la théorie wendtienne qui se fonde en grande partie sur la sociologie relationniste ou sociologie des processus développée par Norbert Elias. Une approche relationniste permet de mettre l’emphase sur caractère processuel de toute réalité sociale. On évite ainsi les réifications si courantes dans la pensée sociale traditionnelle. Par ailleurs, afin de comprendre et d’expliquer la politique internationale, il faut travailler sur la longue durée, seule façon de voir l’évolution (souvent lente) des processus sociaux. Enfin, avec Elias, nous réintégrons une dimension psychologique à la compréhension de la politique internationale au travers du concept d’habitus qui se révèle à la fois social et psychique. Il y a donc une discussion sur le rôle des émotions, des affects et de leur autocontrôle dans le rapport à la violence sur la scène internationale. L’ultime objectif s’avère d’humaniser, de socialiser et d’historiciser les théories des relations internationales.


title: Living with a sibling diagnosed with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder

subject:
fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
developmental disability
siblings
stressors
positive experience
negative experience
adaptation
mixed methods
qualitative
capabilities
coping
resources
services

abstract: The following document is a two-paper manuscript-based thesis investigating the experiences of siblings of individuals with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD). According to the sibling literature, individuals are impacted by living with a brother or sister with a disability, but, much of the research has focused on siblings of individuals with Autism, Down Syndrome, or developmental disability in general. Thus, the purpose of this exploratory study was to examine both the positive and negative experiences associated with having a sibling diagnosed with FASD, along with what strategies these siblings are using to help them adapt. The first paper, which focused on the benefits and challenges when having a sibling diagnosed with FASD, used a mixed methods approach. The qualitative data consisted of semi-structured interviews, which were analyzed using Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), and the quantitative data comprised the Sibling Inventory of Behaviour Scale (SIB) and the Daily Hassles and Uplifts Scale (DHUS), which were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis. Siblings described feeling a number of emotions associated with their experience such as frustration, fear/worry, resentment, happiness, and personal growth. The second paper examined both coping behaviours and resources used by siblings to help facilitate adaptation. This qualitative study employed Thematic Analysis (TA) to analyze the semi-structured interview. Results indicated that siblings employ coping behaviours such as active and emotional avoidance, and access both informal and formal resources; however, understanding the complexities of FASD is important in perception of helpfulness of these resources. Implications for clinical interventions are discussed.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA) in Applied Psychology


title: The confusion of fear/surprise and disgust/anger in children: new evidence from eye movement technology

subject: Perceptual-attentional limitations hypothesis

subject: Age Differences

subject: Disgust

subject: Fear

subject: Eye Movements

abstract:
Research shows that children often confuse facial expressions of fear with surprise and
disgust with anger. According to the perceptual-attentional limitations hypothesis, facial
expressions are confused because they share action units (Camras, 1980; Wiggers, 1982).
Experiment 1 tested this hypothesis for the confusion between fear and surprise and Experiment
2 for the confusion between disgust and anger. Eye movements were monitored in both
experiments. In experiment 1, the results showed that children were more accurate when two
distinctive action units were presented than when the brow lowerer was the only distinctive
action unit differentiating between fear and surprise. Furthermore, the results showed that
participants spent more time fixating on the mouth than the eyebrows. They made more saccades
when the only distinctive cue was in the eyebrows. In experiment 2, participants identified the
emotion as anger when the mouth was open, and disgust when the mouth was closed, spending
more time on the mouth when the mouth was open. These findings suggest that facial
expressions are confused, not only because of the amount of visual similarities they share, but
also because children do not allocate their attention to facial regions equally; they tend to focus
on the mouth.

abstract: Master's Thesis


title: Surface modification of biodegradable magnesium implant materials for controlled biodegradation

subject:
magnesium alloys
biodegradation
biocompatibility
surface modification
mesoporous silica
calcium phosphate
direct method
indirect method
CyQUANT assay
cell adhesion
cytotoxicity
superhydrophobic surface
fibronectin mimetic

abstract:
Magnesium and its alloys are promising candidates to be employed as a new generation
of biodegradable metals in orthopaedic applications. However, the rapid degradation rate of
magnesium alloys in the physiological environment has prevented their widespread application
in medicine. The main objective of this thesis was to develop surface modification strategies that
control the degradation rate of magnesium alloys in physiological environments and to provide
an accurate assessment and evaluation of their biocompatibility in vitro. The overall thesis is
composed of three individual projects.
The first project was to develop an accurate method to test the in vitro biocompatibility of
magnesium alloys. In this study, the CyQUANT assay was used to quantitatively evaluate the in
vitro biocompatibility of Mg AZ31 alloy by both direct and indirect methods. The results
demonstrated that the CyQUANT assay provides a more complete assessment of the overall in
vitro biocompatibility of biodegradable metals by combining both direct and indirect analyses.  In the second project, a multilayer coating consisting of a sol-gel silica layer followed by
a mesoporous silica layer and finally a layer of calcium phosphate was developed. Surface
characterization showed that a uniform and stable multilayer coating was successfully deposited
on the Mg AZ31 alloy. In vitro characterization of the coatings confirmed this surface
modification strategy significantly decreases the degradation rate of the magnesium alloy and
that it is not cytotoxic.
Superhydrophobic surfaces decrease the corrosion rate of magnesium alloys, however,
cell adhesion is inhibited. In the third project, a superhydrophobic magnesium alloy surface was
modified with the cell adhesive molecule, MAPTrix-F-RGD and the influence of this surface modification on cell adhesion was studied. The results demonstrate that although the MAPTrixF-RGD molecule was successfully immobilized to the superhydrophobic magnesium alloy
surface, cell adhesion was not improved. The complex surface topography of the
superhydrophobic Mg AZ31 surface may be responsible for the observed cell behavior.
This thesis demonstrates that surface modification can be used to simultaneously control
both the biodegradation rate and the biocompatibility of magnesium and its alloys, making these
materials promising candidates for orthopaedic applications. In addition, it has been
demonstrated that cell quantification assays based on the fluorescence of cyanine dyes are an
excellent method for in vitro testing of these materials in direct contact with cells.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Materials Science


title: Gravity data acquisition and potential-field data modelling along Metal Earth's Chibougamau transect using geophysical and geological constraints

subject:
Chibougamau
Metal Earth project
potential field
gravity
magnetic
2.5-D
geological modelling
forward modelling

abstract:
The Metal Earth (ME) project aims to understand the underlying geological mechanisms that
differentiate mineral endowments in Precambrian greenstone belts of the Canadian Shield. The
ME project acquires and collates various geological and geophysical data along 13 transects to
create valid models of subsurface features in order to identify components that contribute to the
mineralization processes that result in mineral endowment.
In this thesis, gravity observation along ~128 line kilometers in the Chibougamau transect is
considered. The acquired data were checked for quality, processed to calculate the complete
Bouguer anomaly and combined with existing gravity data provided by the Geological Survey of
Canada.
Gravity and compiled magnetic data were forward modelled along four sections and constrained
by surficial geological observations, seismic sections, and petrophysical properties to estimate
and improve the geometry and depth of plutonic bodies, and identifying the subsurface features
such as dykes and faults. These improvements will help others to identify components that
contribute to mineralising processes.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc) in Geology


title: Genomic insights into the psychrotrophic microbial leaching of low sulfide waste rock in kinetic testing systems

subject:
kinetic tests
waste rock
acid rock drainage
16S rRNA sequencing
metagenomics
psychrotroph

abstract:
The microbial activity occurring within mine wastes is a known driver of the
development and perpetuation of acid generation from mining waste products, including waste
rock. The acid generating capacity of waste rock can pose a great environmental liability to
surrounding watersheds, which often prompts substantial management of large volumes of waste
rock throughout the development, operation, and closure of a mining operation. Kinetic testing
systems are a standard means of predicting the acid generating potential of waste rock, but are
dependent on abiotic or artificial biological amendments to measure this key parameter. Waste
rock from mine sites can be classified as potentially acid generating (PAG), which suggests
uncertainty around the acid generating status of the waste rock in question. Temperature is a key
control on the weathering of waste rock as the acceleration of abiotic and biotic sulfide oxidation
at warmer temperatures can induce faster weathering rates. Nonetheless, the relationship between
PAG rock geochemistry in colder regions and its native microbial communities have not been
well characterized in the field or in kinetic testing systems.
This thesis aims to address the microbial contribution to humidity cell and field leach bin
testing systems of low sulfur waste rock native to Boreal climate. A laboratory-based humidity
cell experiment was conducted over an extended 28 week period where the microbial community
was surveyed over time and compared to weekly leachate geochemistry. The same rock was
subjected to a field bin experiment, where the microbial community and leachate geochemistry
was profiled over 11 months.  Both humidity cell and field bin experiments remained at near neutral conditions over the
course of the experiment and exhibited significant neutralization potential. The elemental release
rates differed between the humidity cell and field bin experiments, although all experiments
predicted the time to acid generation to be under 75 years. Temperature exerted a greater
influence on element release in the field bin experiments. Additionally, those elements in the
humidity cell experiments that exhibited significant differences in their release rates between
temperature treatments were not released at the same rates as they were in the field bin
experiments. Microbial communities in both experiments were analyzed through a combination
of 16S rRNA gene sequencing and shotgun metagenomics. The original, untreated, waste rock
from the mine site contained a microbial community dominated by sulfur oxidizers. After being
applied to field and laboratory scale leaching experiments, the initial microbial community
transitioned into communities unique to each experiment with clear shifts related to the duration
of the experiment and temperature treatments. Both field and laboratory experiments supported
microbial communities which were dominated by heterotrophs, with a less abundant community
of acidophilic chemolithotrophs that persisted from the initial rock community under warm and
cold temperatures. Metagenomic analysis also concluded that microogranisms living on the
waste rock have the capability to function in cool temperatures. The findings of this work present
a first glimpse into the microbial communities existing on low sulfide waste rock and how they
influence the behavior of kinetic testing systems at relevant seasonal temperatures.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc) in Biology


title: Geochemistry and isotopic composition of sediment cores to understand the lithological and anthropogenic controls on eutrophication in the New River Estuary, Southland, New Zealand

subject:
eutrophication
sedimentation
sediment cores
geochemistry
stable isotopes

abstract:
The New River Estuary (NRE) in Southland, New Zealand is highly eutrophic and has
rapidly declining ecosystem health. Historic estuarine reclamation, extensive catchment
drainage, and waterway modification have increased the susceptibility of the estuary to
degradation. In addition, more recent (post-1984) agricultural intensification and a shift in
primary land use from sheep to dairy farming have increased the fine-sediment and associated
pollutant loss to the catchment. Extensive macroalgae cover in the NRE reflects the ecosystem's
response to eutrophication, where opportunistic species outcompete native plants in the nutrientenriched environment. Three sediment cores from the primary depositional areas in the NRE, the
Waihopai Arm and Daffodil Bay, were geochemically characterized, including stable and
radiogenic isotopes, to assess changes in the rate of sediment, nutrient, and heavy metal
accumulation. The sedimentation rate in the upper Waihopai Arm has increased from 7.3-13 mm
yr-1 before 1935 to a very high rate of 20-22 mm yr-1
from 2009-2017. The lower Waihopai Arm
and Daffodil Bay have increased to a high rate of sedimentation in the last decade from 5.9 to
17.5 mm yr-1
and 5.5-7 to 10.3 mm yr-1
, respectively. Phosphorus and trace metal concentrations
in the bioavailable sediment fraction, which includes Fe- and Mn-oxides, sulfide, organic, or
surface-adsorbed phases, have increased up to three and eight times higher than geogenic levels,
respectively, which heightens their vulnerability to mobilization in response to changes in
salinity and redox state. Increasing heavy metals and decreasing calcium loads, coupled with
carbon- and nitrogen-isotopic values trending toward a terrestrial signature (𝛿
13C = -28‰, 𝛿
15N
= 8‰), delineates a transition in sediment source from marine-dominated (pre-1935) to
terrestrial-dominated (post-1985). The composition of fallout radionuclides also indicates a
change in the delivery of terrestrial sediment from channel bank collapse and subsoil erosion
(pre-1965) to sheet erosion of surface, likely pasture, soils (post-1997). This study highlights the
importance of differentiating the natural sediment signatures from the anthropogenic sources of
pollutants to assess the proportion of low-quality sediment (i.e., high nutrient and/or metal
concentration) for which a targeted mitigation approach should be applied.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc) in Geology


title: Evaluating SNO+ backgrounds through 222RN assays and the simulation of 13C(a, n)160 reactions during water phase

subject:
SNO+
neutrino detection
radon assay
decay chain

abstract: SNO+ is a large multipurpose neutrino detector searching for rare interactions. Some backgrounds come from naturally occurring 222 Rn and its daughters within the 238 U chain. Under development are cryogenic trapping assay systems which will monitor the 222 Rn levels within scintillator, water, N 2 cover gas, and small detector materials. These systems can measure concentrations up to 8×10 −5 Rn atoms/L (1.6 × 10 −17 g 238 U/g LAB) within scintillator, and 4.75×10 −15 g are discussed within.  13 238 U/g H 2 O in water. The status of the assay systems C(α,n) 16 O reactions occur from 222 Rn’s progeny 210 Po, but Monte Carlo simulations predict < 0.4 events within the SNO+ fiducial volume of 5.5 m and 5 - 9 MeV region of interest over a 9 month running period within water.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc) in Physics


title: Application of physical properties measurements to lithological prediction and constrained inversion of potential field data, Victoria Property, Sudbury, Canada.

subject:
Down-hole physical properties
Fuzzy k-means clustering
Neural network
Classification
Constrained geophysical inversion
Litho-prediction model
Derivative analysis
Layer boundaries

abstract:
In recent years the number of near-surface deposits has decreased significantly; consequently, exploration companies are transitioning from surface-based exploration to subsurface exploration. Geophysical methods are an important tool to explore below the surface. The physical property data are numerical data derived from geophysical measurements that can be analyzed to extract patterns to illustrate how these measurements vary in different geological units. Having knowledge of links between physical properties and geology is potentially useful to obtain more precise understanding of subsurface geology.
Firstly, down-hole density, gamma radioactivity, and magnetic susceptibility measurements in five drillholes at the Victoria property, Sudbury, Ontario were analyzed to identify a meaningful pattern of variations in physical property measurements. The measurements grouped into distinct clusters identified by the fuzzy k-means algorithm, which are termed ‘physical log units’. There was a meaningful spatial and statistical correlation between these physical log units and lithological units (or groups of lithological units), as classified by the geologist. The existence of these relationships suggests that it might be possible to train a classifier to produce an inferred function quantifying this link, which can be used to predict lithological units and physical units based on physical property data. A neural network was trained from the lithological information from one hole, and was applied on a new hole with 64% of the rock types being correctly classified when compared with those logged by geologists. This misclassification can occur as a result of overlap between physical properties of rock types. However, the predictive accuracy in the training process rose to 95% when the network was trained to classify the physical log units (which group together the units with overlapping properties). Secondly, lithological prediction based on down-hole physical property measurements was extended from the borehole to three-dimensional space at the Victoria property. Density and magnetic susceptibility models were produced by geologically constrained inversion of gravity and magnetic field data, and a neural network was trained to predict lithological units from the two physical properties measured in seven holes. Then, the trained network was applied on the 3D distribution of the two physical properties derived from the inversion models to produce a 3D litho-prediction model. The lithologies used were simplified to remove potential ambiguities due to overlap of physical properties. The 3D model obtained was consistent with the geophysical data and resulted in a more holistic understanding of the subsurface lithology. Finally, to extract more information from geophysical logs, the density and gamma-ray response logs were analyzed to detect boundaries between lithological units. A derivative method was successfully applied on the down-hole logs, and picked the boundaries between rock types identified by geologists as well as additional information describing variation of physical properties within and between layers not identified by the geologist.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Mineral Deposits and Precambrian Geology


title: Peer victimization in Northern Ontario: the search for protective factors to combat reported health concerns

subject:
bullying
Northern Ontario
prevention

abstract:
This master’s thesis study looked to expand on the current body of literature regarding
the potential role of social support for individuals who have been exposed to bullying. More
specifically, the study examined how connected social support is to the concept of resilience, and
compared levels of social support, levels of resilience, and health concerns between victims of
bullying and those not involved in incidents of victimization. Questionnaires were completed by
112 students in grades seven and eight from two school boards in Northern Ontario. Participants
were asked to complete a questionnaire booklet consisting of four separate questionnaires. The
Behaviour Assessment System for Children, Second Edition, Child and Adolescent Social
Support Scale, Child and Youth Resilience Measure, and a modified version of the Revised
Olweus Bullying Victim Questionnaire were used in this study. The questionnaires were
completed after a brief presentation on the definition of bullying, forms of bullying, and how
students may be involved. Analyses showed that overall social support did not act as a buffer for
total health concerns based on one’s bully status (victim versus not-involved). Social support and
resilience were found to be moderately and positively correlated to one another based on selfreports.
Lastly, similar to previous literature, victims had higher mean scores for health concerns,
and lower mean scores for social support and resilience compared to the non-victim group.
Therefore, all students may benefit from perceiving strong social support systems, not just
victims of bullying. Prevention and intervention programs should include training for school
personnel to expand support networks that are currently perceived as lacking by victims of
bullying, especially with the results of this study indicating results surrounding negative health
outcomes, lower levels of perceived social support and low levels of resilience for victims.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA) in Psychology


title: A fluid inclusion study of the Little Nahanni LCT-Type Pegmatite Group, NWT Canada: implications for the nature and origin of fluids in LCT-Type Pegmatites and Pegmatite evolution

subject:
LCT-type Pegmatite
fluid Inclusion
Little Nahanni Pegmatite Group
evaporate mound

abstract:
The Cretaceous (82 Ma) Little Nahanni Pegmatite Group , Canada, is a 15 km long swarm of
LCT-type pegmatite dikes that intrude Precambrian to Lower Cambrian siliciclastic metapelites
and carbonate rocks. The dykes are dominated by a primary assemblage of quartz, spodumene,
K-feldspar ± muscovite lacking both graphic textures and core zones, but characterized by combtextured spodumene and K-feldspar intergrowths. Varying degrees of albitization and lesser
phyllic alteration accompany ore-grade oxide enrichment (Ta-Nb and Sn, respectively).A
comprehensive fluid inclusion study using a wide variety of methods (petrography , CL,
microthermometry, SEM/EDS evaporate mound analysis, LA ICP-MS, laser Raman
spectroscopy, δ13C) on minerals (quartz, K-feldspar, albite, spodumene, muscovite, garnet, and
tourmaline) from barren and mineralized samples indicate the fluid inclusions are secondary and
appear to post-date pegmatite crystallization. The presence of secondary fluid inclusions may
instead represent entrapment during the late-stage (sub-solidus to post crystallization)
metasomatic evolution stage of the pegmatites. Three fluid types occur, and listed in paragenetic
order are: (A) an aqueous-carbonic fluid (≤1 wt. % eq. NaCl) with varying XCO2 (0.1 to 0.78),
purity (TmCO2= -57o
to -61oC), and density; (B) a low-salinity (≤2 wt. % eq. NaCl) aqueous
fluid; and (C) an aqueous-methane-nitrogen fluid. SEM-EDS analysis indicates that the fluids are
Na (-K) - dominant, but with significant S and enrichment in transition and chalcophile elements.
Fluid inclusion extracts have δ13C values (-9.7 to -27.7‰; n=7) which indicates exchange of the
fluids with the immediate, carbon-bearing wall rocks occurred. Collectively the data indicate: (1)
fluids were trapped during the later, metasomatic stage of pegmatite evolution; (2) fluids were
trapped at <2.5 kbars and <350°C with pressure fluctuating between lithostatic and hydrostatic;
(3) variable degrees of fluid:rock interaction occurred with the exocontact zone, resulting in
varying XCO2and CO2:CH4 values; and (4) metasomatism and rare metal mineralization
occurred in the presence of meteoric water. These findings indicate that the LNPG pegmatites
are not a closed system, some of the carbonic component of H2O-CO2 fluids is exotic, and that
low-salinity fluids of meteoric origin infiltrated during the subsolidus stage of pegmatite
evolution.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc) in Geology


title: A rhythmic approach to temporal architecture ideation and creation

subject:
temporality
interval of time
movement
displacement over time
Greater Sudbury, Ontario
transport nexus
design work flows
market

abstract:
Temporality is inherently how any living being experiences existence, however when it comes to the
design of the built environment the it seems to be one of the last things considered when designing.
The interval of time has untapped potential to manifest and represent the phenomenon, creating
spaces that consider how we move through space. To understand the how to begin to work with the
interval of time, a thorough study into Etienne-Jules Marey conducted. Marey was a French inventor
who dedicated his life to uncovering the mysteries of movement through chronophotography.
Marey’s contemporary Eadweard Muybridge followed a similar career path with a focus on recreating
movement through cinema. Both methods influence how to move forward with implementing
temporality into a design process.
The study of movement is also essential to the topic of displacement over time. The speeds at which
movement occurs, and where it occurs can have massive repercussions on a site. Paul Virilio, A French
philosopher wrote about the politics of speed, and through his study of how cities change, comparing
the movement within to an engine. His study is integral to understanding how cities change over time.
Greater Sudbury was chosen as a city to study in regards to interval and speed due to its unique nature.
Sudbury is made of man smaller cities and towns that are all connected by highways, challenging the
typical grid format. This creates a unique problem of having a desolate town center since each smaller
town has their own center, while the greater city has no common crossing point between them. To
combat this issue a transport nexus is proposed to unify methods of transportation across Greater
Sudbury to create one common place of intersection at the city’s core. In addition to the nexus, a
market is proposed to create a program rich environment that encourages interaction and exploration.
This intent is to increase the daily traffic through what would be the new city center, while manifesting
the interval of time within the buildings.
The methodology conducted to reach the desired outcome is a series of iterative and cyclical processes
that challenge traditional design work flows to encourage a focus on designing for temporality as
much as it does spatially. Starting with digital collage and eventually ending with projection; the work
conducted demonstrates a nonlinear work flow through play to manifest architecture that is both
practical and imbued with temporal essence.

abstract: Master of Architecture (M.Arch)


title: An integrative approach to distinguishing taxonomically challenging microhymenoptera: Eurytomidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) associated with cynipid galls on rose.

subject:
Cynipid galls
Roses
Hymenoptera
Eurytomidae
Diplolepis

abstract:
iii
Abstract
Cynipid wasps of the genus Diplolepis Geoffrey induce galls exclusively on roses. These galls are susceptible to attack by various hymenopteran parasitoids, the most common of which are members of the family Eurytomidae, with 10 described species having been recorded in association with rose galls in Canada. Because of their small size, sexual dimorphism, morphological plasticity and poorly known biology, species identification of eurytomids is often uncertain. This thesis focused on identifying the eurytomids associated with the galls of the 14 native species of Diplolepis in Canada, testing species limits using a combination of morphological, mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase I (COI), ecological and geographical data. Six morphospecies were identified using morphological characters, while molecular data identified eight haplogroups.
COI sequences identified one species of Tenuipetiolus Bugbee and seven species of Eurytoma Illiger, all associated with galls induced by Diplolepis in Canada. Inconsistencies were observed when compared to morphospecies, including four haplogroups within the genus Eurytoma that were overlooked by morphological studies. The morphospecies Eurytoma acuta Bugbee is a junior synonym of Eurytoma discordans Bugbee; however, the high intraspecific genetic divergences suggest the existence of a species complex. Two geographically sympatric but genetically distinct haplogroups were found within the morphospecies Eurytoma spongiosa Bugbee, “E. spongiosa 2” being a new species that was previously overlooked. An identification key along with (re)descriptions of all identified species was provided. This integrative taxonomy approach confirmed the oligophagous nature of most eurytomids, and provides new insight into the life history strategies of these parasitoids.

abstract: Master of Science (M.Sc.) in Biology


title: Exploring traditional roles of first nation older adults to promote the quality of life for those experiencing alzheimer's disease and related dementia's

subject: indigenous health research

subject: community-based participatory action research,

subject: dementia

subject: brain aging

subject: traditional roles

subject: intergenerational

subject: meaningful social interactions

subject: older adults

subject: youth

abstract:
The emergence of Alzheimer's disease and related dementia’s (ADRD) in Indigenous
populations across Canada is a rising concern as prevalence rates exceed those of non-
Indigenous populations. Culturally appropriate approaches to address the increased
prevalence of ADRD are guided by the Indigenous Wholistic Theory and the
Intergenerativity Model. Community-based participatory action research led by
interviews, focus groups and program observations aid in identifying barriers and
facilitators of success for intergenerational social engagements in the Anishinaabe
community of Wikwemikong, Ontario. A qualitative thematic analysis guides future
recommendations for programming opportunities to foster traditional roles of older First
Nation adults and intergenerational relationships. This project results in culturally
appropriate suggestions to improve healthy brain aging in older populations through
increased social interactions with youth and the nurturing of traditional roles. The results of this study are relevant to other Indigenous communities who may wish to adopt the framework to their own community context.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc) in Interdisciplinary Health