title: A microanalysis of EMG and EEG changes during the sleep onset period (SOP) : a theoretical investigation with practical applications /

subject: Sleep

abstract:
The present study has both theoretical and practical aspects. The theoretical intent
of the study was to closely examine the relationship between muscle activity (EMG) and
EEG state during the process of falling asleep. Sleep stages during sleep onset (SO) have
been generally defined with regards to brain wave activity (Recht schaff en & Kales
(1968); and more precisely by Hori, Hayashi, & Morikawa (1994)). However, no
previous study has attempted to quantify the changes in muscle activity during this same
process.
The practical aspect of the study examined the reliability ofa commercially
developed wrist-worn alerting device (NovAlert™) that utilizes changes in muscle
activity/tension in order to alert its user in the event that he/she experiences reduced
wakefulness that may result in dangerous consequences.
Twelve female participants (aged 18-42) sp-ent three consecutive nights in the
sleep lab ("Adaptation", "EMG", and "NOVA" nights). Each night participants were
given 5, twenty-minute nap opportunities. On the EMG night, participants were allowed
to fall asleep freely. On the NOV A night, participants wore the Nov Alert™ wrist device
that administered a Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) when it detected that muscle
activity levels had dropped below baseline.
Nap sessions were scored using Hori's 9-stage scoring system (Hori et aI, 1994).
Power spectral analyses (FFT) were also performed. Effects ofthe PVT administration on
EMG and EEG frequencies were also examined.
Both chin and wrist EMG activity showed reliable and significant decline during
the early stages ofHori staging (stages HO to H3 characterized by decreases in alpha activity). All frequency bands studied went through significant changes as the
participants progressed through each ofHori's 9 SO stages. Delta, theta, and sigma
activity increased later in the SO continuum while a clear alpha dominance shift was
noted as alpha activity shifted from the posterior regions of the brain (during Hori stages
HO to H3) to the anterior portions (during Hori stages H7 to H9). Administration of the
PVT produced significant increases in EMG activity and was effective in reversing
subjective drowsiness experienced during the later stages of sleep onset. Limitations of
the alerting effects of the PVTs were evident following 60 to 75 minutes of use in that
PVTs delivered afterwards were no longer able to significantly increase EMG levels.
The present study provides a clearer picture of the changes in EMG and EEG
during the sleep onset period while testing the efficacy of a commercially developed
alerting device. EMG decreases were found to begin during Hori stage 0 when EEG was
-
dominated by alpha wave activity and were maximal as Hori stages 2 to 5 were traversed
(coincident with alpha and beta activity). This signifies that EMG decrements and the
loss of resting alpha activity are closely related. Since decreased alpha has long been
associated with drowsiness and impending sleep, this investigation links drops in muscle
tone with sleepiness more directly than in previous investigations. The EMG changes
were reliably demonstrated across participants and the NovAlert™ detected the EMG
decrements when Hori stage 3 was entered. The alerting vibrations produced by the
NovAlert™ occurred early enough in the SO process to be of practical importance as a
sleepiness monitoring and alerting device.


title: Research in the clinical setting : a qualitative study of the value of play research in the continuing education of occupational therapists.

contributor: Department of Graduate and Undergraduate Studies in Education

subject:
Occupational therapists
Play

abstract:
Occupational therapists have always recognized playas an important part
of a child's life. However, until recently play has been viewed as a medium for
reaching treatment goals, rather than as an activity that is valuable in and of itself.
If occupational therapists think of playas the primary activity or occupation of
childhood, then play should be a very important area of focus for paediatric
clinicians.
In order to assist children to become as independent as possible with play
and to have fulfilling play experiences the occupational therapist needs to have a
clear understanding of how to assess, set goals which lead towards competence in
play, and promote play. Recent play literature has placed importance on play
behaviours and looking at the relationship between the child and both the human
and nonhuman environment. Believing that play and playfulness can and should be
promoted, for children with physical disabilities, requires that therapists learn new
assessment and intervention strategies.
A new assessment tool, The Test of Playfulness, was developed by Bundy
in 1994. It addressed play behaviours and environmental influences. The author,
a co-investigator and eight occupational therapists were involved in a playfulness
study using this test to compare the playfulness of children with physical
disabilities with their able-bodied peers. After the study was completed the author
questioned whether or not involvement in the playfulness study was enough of a
change agent to bring about transformative learning in order to further the eight
occupational therapists' education about play.


title: The role of learning and growth hormone-releasing factor in the control of protein intake in rats /

subject:
Ingestion
Proteins.
Learning.
Growth hormone releasing factor.
Rats as laboratory animals.

abstract:
Both learning and basic biological mechanisms have been shown to play a role in the
control of protein int^e. It has previously been shown that rats can adapt their dietary
selection patterns successfully in the face of changing macronutrient requirements and
availability. In particular, it has been demonstrated that when access to dietary protein is
restricted for a period of time, rats selectively increase their consumption of a proteincontaining
diet when it becomes available. Furthermore, it has been shown that animals
are able to associate various orosensory cues with a food's nutrient content. In addition
to the role that learning plays in food intake, there are also various biological mechanisms
that have been shown to be involved in the control of feeding behaviour. Numerous
studies have documented that various hormones and neurotransmitter substances mediate
food intake. One such hormone is growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF), a peptide that
induces the release of growth hormone (GH) from the anterior pituitary gland. Recent
research by Vaccarino and Dickson ( 1 994) suggests that GRF may stimulate food intake
by acting as a neurotransmitter in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and the adjacent
medial preoptic area (MPOA). In particular, when GRF is injected directly into the
SCN/MPOA, it has been shown to selectively enhance the intake of protein in both fooddeprived
and sated rats. Thus, GRF may play a role in activating protein consumption
generally, and when animals have a need for protein, GRF may serve to trigger proteinseeking
behaviour. Although researchers have separately examined the role of learning
and the central mechanisms involved in the control of protein selection, no one has yet
attempted to bring together these two lines of study. Thus, the purpose of this study is to
join these two parallel lines of research in order to further our understanding of mechanisms controlling protein selection. In order to ascertain the combined effects that
GRF and learning have on protein intake several hypothesis were examined. One major
hypothesis was that rats would successfully alter their dietary selection patterns in
response to protein restriction. It was speculated that rats kept on a nutritionally
complete maintenance diet (NCMD) would consume equal amount of the intermittently
presented high protein conditioning diet (HPCD) and protein-free conditioning diet
(PFCD). However, it was hypothesized that rats kept on a protein-free maintenance diet
(PFMD) would selectively increase their intake of the HPCD. Another hypothesis was
that rats would learn to associate a distinct marker flavour with the nutritional content of
the diets. If an animal is able to make the association between a marker flavour and the
nutrient content of the food, then it is hypothesized that they will consume more of a
mixed diet (equal portion HPCD and PFCD) with the marker flavour that was previously
paired with the HPCD (Mixednp-f) when kept on the PFMD. In addition, it was
hypothesized that intracranial injection of GRF into the SCN/MPOA would result in a
selective increase in HPCD as well as Mixednp-t consumption. Results demonstrated that
rats did in fact selectively increase their consumption of the flavoured HPCD and
Mixednp-f when kept on the NCMD. These findings indicate that the rats successfully
learned about the nutrient content of the conditioning diets and were able to associate a
distinct marker flavour with the nutrient content of the diets. However, the results failed
to support previous findings that GRF increases protein intake. In contrast, the
administration of GRF significantly reduced consumption of HPCD during the first hour
of testing as compared to the no injection condition. In addition, no differences in the
intake of the HPCD were found between the GRF and vehicle condition. Because GRF did not selectively increase HPCD consumption, it was not surprising that GRF also did
not increase MixedHP-rintake. What was interesting was that administration of GRF and
vehicle did not reduc^Mixednp-f consumption as it had decreased HPCD consumption.


title: Supporting and maximizing communication between individuals with intellectual disabilities and health care providers

subject:
People with mental disabilities
Health services accessibility.
Mental health services.

abstract:
The goal of the present study was to examine the barriers to access in health
services faced by individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID), as well as the nature of
communication between people with ID and those who are directly involved in
supporting their health and well being. The study included in-depth interviews with five
adults who have been identified as having ID and are supported by a community agency,
five community agency support staff and four physicians who are specialists in
supporting people who have ID. A qualitative content analysis approach facilitated the
comparative exploration of key themes that each participant group saw as positive or
negative influences on health care access and on effective health care communication.
Themes drawn from the findings emphasize the unique roles each of these groups plays
within the dialogical framework of the health care encounter. Of particular importance to
informants was the issue of people with ID being seen as full participants in their own
health care who, like all people, are unique individuals and not simply members of an
identified or marginalized group. Participants across groups emphasized the need for the
health care recipient to be known as an individual who is an expert in her/his own health
and well being and, therefore, entitled to full participation with the support of but not
control by others.


title: Understanding the polyvocality of autism discourse : a critical autoethnographic approach

subject:
Autism
Disability studies.

abstract:
Currently, much of the autism literature supports the notion that Pervasive Developmental
Disorder (PDD) is a deviation from what is considered "normal" and, accordingly, that it is in
need of early remediation. This thesis explored alternative constructions of autism and pathology
by drawing on theorists from other disciplines, such as cultural studies (Deleuze & Guattari,
1987, 1965, 1972, 1975,1980, 2003), critical psychology (Parker, 1995, 2002, 2005, 2007),
disability studies (Danforth,1997, 1999, 2000; Skrtic, 1995, 1996) and anti-psychiatry (Basaglia,
1987).
In an attempt to show how our accounts of the world encompass constructions rooted in
language and our own histories of thinking about topics that interest us, this research took an
autoethnographic approach to understanding autism discourse. Instead of denying the
researcher's existence and personal investment in the research, the author attempted to implicate
"the self in the research by acknowledging her own assumptions, biases and ideologies about
autism discourse and practice. Thus, tensions between the self and other, personal and political
become woven into the fabric, creating a personal, subjective, and partial account of the
phenomenon.
This research was intended to explicate and interrogate some of the taken-for-granted Truths
which guide our practices with people with autism. This alternative critical framework focused
on understanding autism as a discourse and explored the way these dominant autism
constructions function in society. Furthermore, positioning "the self in the research was meant
to illustrate the fundamental need for self-reflective practice in the social sciences.


title: Sources of perceived support from friends in exercise : an application of self-determination theory /

subject:
Exercise
Motivation psychology.

abstract:
Background: This study examined three social factors (i.e., autonomy support, structure, and
involvement) and their relationship with the motivational processes proposed by Vallerand
( 1 997). This study explored sources of support for exercise participation. -~ '
Methods: Participants (N = 425) completed self-reported instruments which assessed variables
outlined within Vallerand's ( 1 997) HMIEM.
Results: Structural equation modeling analyses predicting the cognitive/affective and exercise
behaviour accounted for 23 percent of variance in positive affect, 10 percent of variance in
negative affect, 38 percent of variance in physical self-concept, and 4 percent of variance in
exercise behaviour. Exploratory analyses revealed that friends, romantic partners, and educators
to be consistent sources for providing autonomy support, structure, and involvement, f !,< r - r*
Summary: This study is among the first to examine perceived sources oi autonomy support,
structure, and involvement from friends in the exercise context and suggest such perceptions may
contribute to motivating exercise behaviour in post-secondary students.


title: Analysis Of The A11a22 X 11a11 And A 33a22 X 1 electronic transitions in selenocarbonyl difluoride

subject:
Selenocarbonyl difluoride.
Electronic structure.
Selenium compounds.
Carbonyl compounds.
Spectrum analysis.

abstract:
The absorption spectrum of F2CSe in the 18800-21900 cm-1 region has
been recorded at -770 C and 220 C under the conditions of medium resolution.
The responsible electronic promotion is TI* + n excitation which leads to 3A2
and lA2 excited states. Progressions in vI', v2', v3" v4' and v4" have been
identified in the spectrum and have been analyzed in terms of vibronic transitions
between a planar ground state and a nQnplanar excited state. The
- 3 - 1 - 1 - 1
origins of the a A2 + X Al and A A2 + X Al systems were assigned to the
bands at 19018 cm-l and 19689 cm-l . This has given a singlet-triplet splittl.
n g lA2 - 3A2 P f 671 cm -1 The out-of-plane wagging levels were found to
be anharmonic.
1 -1
Barrier heights of 2483 cm- and 2923 cm were obtained
for the lA2 and 3A2 upper states from a fitting of the energy levels of a
Lorentzian-quadratic function to the observed levels in the out-of-plane
wagging modes.
1 3
For the A2 and A2 states nonplanar equilibrium angles of
30.10 and 31.40 have been evaluated respectively.
i


title: A G. C./M. S. study of the reaction and decomposition products of pentafluorophenyl-grignard and lithium reagents

subject:
Pentafluorophenyl-grignard.
Lithium.
Chemical tests and reagents.
Grignard reagents.

abstract:
Decomposition and side reactions of, and the synthetic
use of, pentafluorophenylmagnesium bromide and pentafluorophenyllithium
have been investigated using G,C9/M.S,
techniques• Their reactions with reagents such as CgF^X
(X - H, F, CI, Br, 1), C6F4X2 (X - H, CI)f C6F3C13, C6H6.
(CgX5)3P (X = H, F), (C6X5)3P=0 (X = H, F), (CgX5)Si (CH3)3
(X = H, F) and (CH0K SiCl , n = 1,2, in ether or
ether/n-hexane were studied•
In addition to the principal reaction of synthetic
use, namely the replacement of a halogen by a pentafluorophenyl
group, two types of side reactions were observed*
These were (i) intermolecular loss of LiF via a nucleophilic
substitution, and (ii) intramolecular loss of LiF, followed
by the addition of either inorganic salts such as lithium
or magnesium halides, or organometal compounds such as
organolithium or organo-Grigaard*
G.C«/M.S. techniques were routinely employed to study
complicated reaction mixtures. Although mass spectrometry
alone has disadvantages for the identification of isomers,
deduction of the most probable pathway often helps overcome
this problem.


title: An anharmonic contribution to the Helmholtz free energy O(lambda 6)

subject: Crystallography, Mathematical.

abstract:
The anharmonic contributions of order A6 to the Helmholtz free
energy for a crystal in which every atom is on a site of inversion
symmetry, have been evaluated The cor~esponding diagrams in the
various orders of the perturbation theory have been presented The
validity of the expressions given is for high temperatures. Numerical
calculations for the diagrams which contribute to the free energy have
been worked out for a nearest-n~ighbour central-force model of a facecentered
cubic lattice in the high-temperature limit and in the leading
term and the Ludwig approximations. The accuracy of the Ludwig approximation
in evaluating the Brillouin-zone sums has been investigated.
Expansion for all diagrams in the high-temperature limit has been
carried out The contribution to the specific heat involves a linear
as well as cubic term~ We have applied Lennard-Jones, Morse and
Exponential 6 types of potentials. A comparison between the contribution
to the free energy of order A6 to that of order A4 has been made.


title: A29 NMR spin-lattice relaxation study of paramagnetics -doped orthosilictes

subject:
Nuclear magnetic resonance.
Spin-lattice relaxation.
Paramagnetism.
Silicates.

abstract:
A ~si MAS NMR study of spin-lattice relaxation behaviour
in paramagnetic-doped crystalline silicates was undertaken,
using synthetic magnesium orthosilicate (forsterite) and
synthetic zinc orthosilicate (willemite) doped with 0.1% to
20% of Co(II), Ni(II), or CU(II), as experimental systems.
All of the samples studied exhibited a longitudinal
magnetization return to the Boltzmann distribution of nuclear
spin states which followed a stretched-exponential function of
time:
Y=exp [- (tjTn) n], O<n<l
For the most reliable experimental data, there is a bias
toward n=O.Sj the few genuine cases of deviation from 1/2power
are for dopant concentrations equal to or exceeding 2.5
percent dopant.
In some cases we find agreement with theory, and observe
a direct proportionality between the spin-lattice relaxation
time and paramagnetic dopant ion concentration, with
Tni[M2+]i=Tnj[M2+]j for a given dopant and mineral. There are many
cases where this correlation is not apparent, however, and
this is attributed to the structural, phase, and ion
distribution complexities inherent in many of these systems.


title: A study of selected factors influencing the reproductive performance of the common tern (Sterna hirundo) at Port Colborne, Ontario in 1973 and 1974

subject:
Common tern.
Terns.
Water birds--Ontario--Port Colborne.

abstract:
Several study areas were investigated at two Port Colborne
terneries during the summers of 1973 and 1974 in an attempt to
determine the influence of clutch size, time of clutch initiation,
position in the colony, proximity to Ring-billed Gulls, vegetation
and nesting substrate on the reproductive performance of the Common
Tern. Hatching success and reproductive success (the number of
chicks fledged per egg laid) were generally higher for 3-egg than
2-egg clutches but fledging (the number of chicks fledged per egg
hatched) success was usually independant of clutch size. Hatching,
fledging and reproductive success declined as a function of time of
clutch initiation. Mean clutch sizes also generally declined as a
function of time. Nests located in the center of the colony
exhibited higher fledging success than those on the periphery.
Rock-based clutches had a lower hatching success than clutches
initiated on sand or dried vegetation. Reproductive performance
did not appear to be related to proximity to Ring-billed Gulls
or vegetation within the study area.


title: Biochemical and histological investigations of viral localisation in the hypersensitive reaction of Phaselous vulgaris L. var Pinto to tobacco mosaic virus infection

subject:
Tobacco mosaic virus.
Virology--Research.

abstract:
STOBBS, Lorne,W
ABSTRACT
Biochemical and Histological
Investigations of viral localisation in the hypersensitive
reaction of Phaseolus vulgaris L. var Pinto to tobacco
mosaic virus infection. The infection of Phaseolus
vulgaris L. var Pinto with tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)
results in the production of distinct necrotic lesions
confining the virus to restricted areas of the leaf
surface. Biochemical and histological changes in the
leaf tissue as a result of infection have been described.
Trace accumulations of fluorescent metabolites, detected
prior to lesion expression represent metabolites produced,
by the cell in response to virus infection. These substances,
are considered to undergo oxidation and in diffusing into
adjacent cells, react with cellular constituents causing the
death of these cells. Such cellular necrosis in advance of
infection effectively limits virus spread. Chromatographic
studies on extracts from TMV infected Pinto bean leaf tissue
suggests that a number of extra-fluorescent metabolites
produced on lesion'expression represent end products of
phenolic oxidation r,eactionsoccurring earlier in these cells.
Inhibition of phenolic oxidation by ascorbate infiltration or
elevated temperature treatment resulted in the absence of
extra-fluorescent metabolites and the continued movement of
virus in the absence of necrosis. Further studies with
i
ascorbate infiltration indicated that irreversible necrotic
events were determined as early as 12 tci 18 hrs after
viral inoculation. Histochemical tests indicated that
callose formation was initiated at this time, and occurred
in response to necrotisation. Inhibition of necrosis by
either ascorbate infiltration or elevated temp8rature treatment
resulted in the absence of callose deposition.
Scanning electron'micrographs of infected tissue revealed
severe epidermal and palisade cell damage. Histochemical
tests indicated extensive callose formation in cells bordering
the lesion, and suggested the role of callose iTh the
blockage of intercellular connections limiting virus movement.
The significance of these cellular changes is discussed.
ii


title: Biotransformation of aromatic hydrocarbons and organic sulphides by fungi

subject:
Fungi.
Biotransformation (Metabolism)
Hydrocarbons.
Sulfides.

abstract:
Toluene is converted to benzyl alcohol by the fungi
Mortierella isabellina and Helminthosporium species; in the
latter case, the product is further metabolized. Toluene-a
-d 1 , toluene-a,a-d2, and toluene-a,a,a-d 3 have been used
with Mortierellaisabellina in a series of experiments to
determine both primary and secondary deuterium kinetic isotope
effects for the enzymic benzylic hydroxylation reaction. The
values obtained, intermolecular primary kH/kD = intramolecular
p rim a r y kH r kD = 1. 0 2 + O. 0 5, and sec 0 n dar y k H I kD = 1. 37 .:!.
0.05, suggest a mechanism for the reaction involving benzylic
proton removal from a radical intermediate in a
non-symmetrical transition state.
2H NMR (30.7 MHz) studies using ethylbenzene-l,1-d 2 ,
3 -fluoroethylbenzene-l,1-d 2 , 4 -fluoroethylbenzene-l,1-d 2 ,
and toluene-dB as substrates with Mortierella isabellina
suggest, based on the observable differences in rates of
conversion between the substrates, that the hydroxylation of
hydrocarbons at the benzylic position proceeds via a one
electron abstraction from the aromatic ring, giving a radical
cation.
A series of 1,3-oxathiolanes (eight) were incubated with
Mortierella isabellina , Helminthosporium , Rhizopus
arrhizus , and Aspergillus niger . Sulphoxides were obtained
from Mortierella isabellina and Rhizopus arrhizus using the
substrates 2-phenyl-, 2-methyl-2-phenyl-, and 2-phenyl-2-tert.
butyl-l,3-oxathiolane. The relative stereochemistry of
2-methyl-2-phenyl-l,3-oxathiolan-l-oxide was assigned based on
lH decoupling, n.O.e, 1
and H NMR experiments. The lH NMR (200
MHz) of the methylene protons of
2-methyl-2-phenyl-l,3-oxathiolan-l-oxide was used as a
diagnostic standard in assigning the relative stereochemistry
of 2-phenyl-l,3-oxathiolan-l-oxide and 2-phenyl-2-tert.
butyl-l,3-oxathiolan-l-oxide. The sulphoxides obtained were
consistent with an oxidation occurring from the opposite side
of the molecule to the phenyl substituent.


title: Bis-and tris (amidine) fluoroboron cations and related systems studies by Multinuclear NMR and fast atom bombardment mass spectometry

subject:
Mass spectrometry.
Nuclear magnetic resonance.
Cations.
Amidines.
Boron.

abstract:
The formation and the isolation of fluoroboron salts, (D2BF2+)(PF6-),
(DD'BF2+)(PF6-) and (D3BF2+)(PF6-)2, have been carried out. 1,8-Diazabicyclo
[5,4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) and 1,5-diazabicyclo[4,3,O]non-5-ene (DBN),
extremely strong organic bases, were introduced into the fluoroboron cation
systems and induced a complicated redistribution reaction in the D/BF3/BC13
systems. The result was the formation of all BFnCI4-n-, D.BFnCI3-n and
fluoroboron cation species which were detected by 19p and 11B NMR
spectrometry. The displacement reaction of CI- from these D.BFnCI3-n (n = 1 and
2) species by the second entering ligand is much faster than in other nitrogen donor
containing systems which have been previously studied. Tetramethylguanidine,
oxazolines and thiazolines can also produce similar reactions in D/BF3/BCI3
systems, but no significant BFnC4-n- species were observed. As well as influences
of their basicity and their steric hindrance, N=C-R(X) (X = N, 0 or S) and N=C(
X)2 (X = N or S) structures of ligands have significant effects on the fonnationof
fluoroboron cations and the related NMR parameters.
D3BF2+ and some D2BF2+ show the expected inertness, but (DBU)2BF2+
shows an interestingly high reactivity. (D2BF2+)(X-) formed from weak organic
bases such as pyridine can react with stronger organic bases and form DD'BF2+ and
D'2BF2+ in acetone or nitromethane.
Fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry is doubly meaningful to this
work. Firstly, FABMS can be directly applied to the complicated fluoroboron
cation containing solution systems as an excellent complementary technique to
multinuclear NMR. Secondly, the gas-phase ion substitution reaction of
(D2BF2+)(PF6-) with the strong organic bases is successfully observed in a FABMS
ion source when the B-N bond is not too strong in these cations.


title: Characterization of the state transition in the cyanobacterium synechococcus sp. 7002 and a phycobilisome-less Mutant

subject: Cyanobacteria. Synechococcus. Photosynthesis. Phycobilins.

abstract:
ABSTRACT
Photosynthetic state transitions were investigated in the
cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 in both wild-type cells
and mutant cells lacking phycobilisomes. Preillumination in the
presence of DCMU (3(3,4 dichlorophenyl) 1,1 dimethyl urea) induced
state 1 and dark adaptation induced state 2 in both wild-type and
mutant cells as determined by 77K fluorescence emission
spectroscopy. Light-induced transitions were observed in the wildtype
after preferential excitation of phycocyanin (state 2) or
preferential excitation of chlorophyll .a. (state 1). The state 1 and 2
transitions in the wild-type had half-times of approximately 10
seconds. Cytochrome f and P-700 oxidation kinetics could not be
correlated with any current state transition model as cells in state 1
showed faster oxidation kinetics regardless of excitation wavelength.
Light-induced transitions were also observed in the phycobilisomeless
mutant after preferential excitation of short wavelength
chlorophyll !l. (state 2) or carotenoids and long wavelength
chlorophyll it (state 1).
One-dimensional electrophoresis revealed no significant
differences in phosphorylation patterns of resolved proteins between
wild-type cells in state 1 and state 2. It is concluded that the
mechanism of the light state transition in cyanobacteria does not
require the presence of the phycobilisome. The results contradict
proposed models for the state transition which require an active role
for the phycobilisome.


title: Demographic and genetic attributes of dispersing and resident individuals of an enclosed Microtus pennsylvanicus population

subject:
Microtus pennsylvanicus.
Mammals--Behavior.

abstract:
A dispersal polymorphism may exist in emigrants from cyclic populations
of Microtus '~nnsylvanicus biasing trap-revealed movements
of unenclosed animals in favour of sedentary or colonizing individuals.
The dispersal tendency of emigrants from an enclosed population was
investigated by releasing animals via tubes into one of two adjacent
enclosures, one vacant and one inhabited. Individuals from the enclosed
population were monitored for age, sex, weight and electrophoretically
detectable serum transferrin genotype in an intensive live-trapping
program.
In 1973 the minimum number alive in the introduced enclosed
study population reached approximately l67/ha when breeding stopped
in October. In 1974 intensive breeding increased the population
density to 333/ha by mid-July when a long decline in numbers and
breeding intensity began without an intervening plateau. An
adjacent unenclosed area had a much lower density and longer breeding
season in 1974. The growth rate of young males in the enclosed
population tended to be lowest during the decline period in 1974.
Survival of the enclosed population was high throughout but was
lowest during the decline phase in both sexes, especially males.
Low transferrin heterozygote survival during the decline coincided
with a significant heterozygote deficiency in females whereas in males
genotype frequencies did not depart from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
values throughout th.e study. Twenty-nine suitable ani.mals were
released during the decline in five periods from July to November 1974.
The proportions of males and transferrin heterozygotes in the released
graun were generally greater than in the source population~ In the
test enclosures 21% of the released animals continued their movement
through the vacant area while 41% (no significant difference) moved
through the inhabited enclosure. In the vacant test area, females
had a greater tendency than males to continue dispersal whereas no
difference was noted in the inhabited area. Low frequency of captures
in the tubes, predator disturbances and cold weather forced the
termination of the study.
The role of dispersal as a population regulating mechanism was
further substantiated. The genetic differences between emigrant and
resident animals lend support to Howard's hypothesis that a genetic
polymorphism influences the tendency to disperse. Support is also
given to Myers' and Krebs' contention that among dispersers an
additional density dependent polymorphism influences the distance
dispersed.


title: Distribution of excitation energy in photosynthesis: a study of heat loss, photo chemical activity and fluorescence emission in intact calls of cyanobacterium.

subject:
Photosynthesis.
Cyanobacteria.
Plant luminescence.
Bacteria, Luminous.

abstract:
Photosynthetic state transitions were investigated in the
cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 6301 by studying
fluorescence emission, heat loss, and PS I activity in intact cells
brought to state 1 and state 2. 77K fluorescence emission spectra
were modelled with a sum of 6 components corresponding to PBS, PS
II, and PS I emissions. The modelled data showed a large decrease in
PS II fluorescence accompanied with a small increase in the PS I
fluorescence upon transition to state 2 for excitation wavelengths
absorbed by both PBS and ChI ll.. The fluorescence changes seen with
ChI .a. excitations do not support the predictions of the mobile PBS
model of state transition in PBS-containing organisms. Measurements
of heat loss from intact cells in the two states were similar for both
ChI it. and PBS excitations over three orders of magnitude of laser
flash intensity. This suggests that the PBS does not become decoupled
from PS II in state 2 as proposed by the PBS detachment model of
state transition in PBS-containing organisms. PS I activity
measurements done on intact cells showed no difference in the two
states, in contrast with the predictions of all of the existing models of
state transitions.
Based on these results a model for state transition In PBScontaining
organisms is proposed, with a PS II photoprotectory
function.


title: Everything that rises must converge: a neo-Marxist analysis of Canadian business-government relations

subject:
Industrial policy--Canada.
Business and politics--Canada.
Marxian economics.

abstract:
The following thesis presents an analysis of business-government relations
within a neo-Marxist framework. Specifically, the discussion encompasses how the
business interest group. the Business Council on National Issues, maintains consensus
and unity amongst its monopoly capital members. Furthermore. the study elaborates on
the process through which the group's interests are acknowledged and legitimized by
the state under the "public interest" f8fue.
Most of the literature pertaining to business-government relations within the
context of interactions between business interest groups and the state, and such
specific branches of the state as the government and/or the civil service. emphasize a
liberal-pluralist perspective. Essentially, these writings serve to reflect and legitimate
the current slatus quo. Marxist discourses on the subject, while attempting to
transcend the liberal-pluralist framework. nevertheless suffer from either economic
determinism .. ie., stressing the state's accumulation function but not its legitimation
function or historical specificity. A cogent and comprehensive neo-Marxist analysis of
business-government relations must discuss both the accumulation and legitimation
functions of the state. The process by which the concerns of a particular business
interest group become part of the state's policy agenda and subsequently are
formulated and implemented into policies which legitimate its dominance is also
studied. This inquiry is significant given the liberal-pluralist assumptions of a neutral
state and that all interest groups compete "on a level playing field".
The author's neo-Marxist paradigm rejects both of these assumptions. Building
on concepts from nea-Marxist instrumentalism. structuralism. state monopoly
capitalism, and forms and functions of the state perspectives. the author proposes that
policies which legitimize the interests of the monopoly capital fraction cannot. be
discerned only from the state's activities. per StJ. Clearly, if the liberal-pluralist
3
contention of multiple and conflicting interest groups, including those within the
capitalist class, is taken at face value, M interest group such as the Business Council on
National Issues (BCND, must somehow maintain. internal consensus Md unity amongst
its members. Internal consensus amongst its members ensures that the state can better
acknowledge and articulate its concerns into policies that maintain hegemonic
dominance of the monopoly capital fraction under the "public interest" fllf.JJdq. The
author contends that the BCNI focuses most of its interactions on the upper echelons of
the civil service since it is this branch of the state which is most responsible for policy
formulation and implementation.
The author's paradigm is applied within the context of extensively analyzing
newspaper coverage. BCN! publications, and other published sources, as well as a
personal interview with an executive administrative member of the BeNI. The
discussion focuses on how agreement and unity amongst the various interests of the
monopoly capital fraction are maintained through the business organization, its policy
scope, and finally its interactions with the state.
The analysis suggests that while the civil service is an important player in
expressing the interests of the BCNI's membership through policies which ostensibly
also reflect the "public interest", it is not the only strategic target for the BCNI's
interactions with the state. The author's research also highlights the importance of
government officials at the Cabinet level and Cabinet Committees. Senior elected
officials from the Federal government are also significant in avoiding
intergovernmental or interprovincial conflict in implementing policies that legitimize
hegemonic dominance of the monopoly capital fraction over other fractions and
classes.


title: Foraging ecology and parental care of common terns (Sterna hirundo) nesting in Windermere Basin, Lake Ontario

subject: Common tern--Ecology--Ontario--Windermere Basin.

subject: Common tern--Ecology--Ontario, Lake (N.Y. and Ont.)

subject: Common tern--Behavior--Ontario--Windermere Basin.

subject: Common tern--Behavior--Ontario, Lake (N.Y. and Ont.)

subject: Seafood gathering--Ontario--Windermere Basin.

abstract:
The relationships among chick feeding, size and type of prey item, and
foraging time away from the brood have not been well studied in seabirds. This
study investigated spatial and temporal patterns of foraging and chick-provisioning
among 23 radio-tagged male common terns nesting at Hamilton Harbour, Lake
Ontario during 1991 and 1992. Telemetry data were collected concurrently with
behavioural observations from an elevated blind.
Terns fitted with transmitters did not differ from controls with respect to either
brood attendance, patterns of chick mortality, species and size distributions of prey
delivered to offspring, or chick-provisioning rates. There was a clear separation of
parental roles: males were primarily responsible for feeding chicks while females
allocated more time to brood attendance. The prey species most commonly
delivered to chicks by adults were rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) and alewife
(A/osa pseudoharengus), followed in importance by larval fish, emerald shiner
(Notropis antherinoides), salmonids, and fathead minnows (Pimepha/es prome/as).
The relative proportions of various fish speCies delivered to chicks by males
differed over the course of each breeding season, and there was also much
variability in species composition of prey between years. Sizes of prey delivered to
chicks also differed between sampling periods. The modal size of fish brought to
chicks during Peak 1991 was 1.5 bill lengths, while the majority of prey in Late
1991 were small larval fish. The reverse trend occurred in 1992 when small fish
were delivered to chicks predominantly during the Peak nesting period. During
periods when predominantly small fish were delivered to chicks, the foraging
activity of radio-tagged males was concentrated within a two kilometer radius of the
colony. The observed variation in prey composition and foraging locations during
the study likely reflects temporal variation in the availability of prey in the vicinity of
the colony. Males delivered fish to chicks at a constant rate, while females
4
increased their feeding frequency over the first six to ten brood days. The mean
length of fish delivered to chicks by adults increased significantly with increasing
chick age.
As a group, within each nesting period, transmittered males either foraged
predominantly in the same directional bearing (north during Peak 1991, south
during Late 1992), or concentrated foraging activity in the immediate vicinity of the
colony (Late 1991, Peak 1992). However, individual radio-tagged males exhibited
unique and predictable foraging patterns, often favouring specific locations within
these areas and differing in their secondary foraging patterns. Overall, the Lake
Ontario shoreline between NCB Bay" (3.5 km south of colony) and the lift bridge
canal (4 km north of colony) was the foraging area used most frequently by radiotagged
males during the chick-rearing period.
Foraging patterns of transmittered males at Windermere Basin are similar to
patterns of peak-nesting common terns, but differ from those of late-nesters, at a
nearby colony (Port Colborne, Lake Erie). Differences between the foraging
patterns of late-nesting terns at these colonies likely reflect differences in annual
patterns of fish availability between the two locations.
No relationship was found between foraging proficiency of adults and
survival of offspring. Stochastic factors, such as predation by black-crowned nightherons
(Nycticorax nycticorax) and adverse weather conditions during the early
stages of chick rearing, may be more important determinants of common tern
breeding success than parental quality or fish availability.


title: Frequency-dependent selection at the amylase locus in Drosophila melanogaster

subject:
Drosophila melanogaster.
Amylases--Analysis.
Natural selection.
Population genetics.

abstract:
A. strain of Drosophila melanog-aster deficient in
null
amylase activity (Amylase ) was isolated from a wild
null
population of flies. The survivorship of Amylase
homozygous flies is very low when the principal dietary
carbohydrate source is starch. However, the survivorship of the
null
Amylase genotype is comparable to the wild type when the
dietary starch is replaced by glucose. In addition, the
null
viability of the amylase-producing and Amylase strains is
comparable v and very lm<] f on a medium with no carbohydrates .
Furthermore, amylase-producing genotypes were shovm to
excrete enzymatically active amylase protein into the food
medium. The excreted amylase causes the external breakdown of
dietary starch to sugar. These results led to the following
null
prediction: the viability of the A.mvlase genotype (fed on a
starch rich diet) might increase in the presence of individuals
which were amylase-producing. It was shown experimentally that
such an increase in viability did in fact occur and that this increase
v\Tas proportional to the number of mnylase..::producing fli.es present.
These results provide a unique example of a non-"competi ti ve
inter-genotype interaction, and one where the underlying physio~
logical and biochemical mechanism has been fully understood.


title: Intraspecific and interspecific social variation in the sweat bee Lasioglossum Malachurum and other members of the subgenus Evylaeus

subject:
Lasioglossum -- Variation.
Halictidae -- Variation.
Species diversity.

abstract:
Sweat bees exhibit a range of social behaviours, from solitary nesting, in which no
workers are produced, to strong eusociality, in which workers exhibit a high degree of
altruism, behaviour that is measured by the degree of personal reproductive sacrifice. Field
studies were carried out for seven weeks during May-June 2000 in southern Greece in order
to investigate intraspecific social variation, and test the hypothesis of a north-south cline of
decreasing eusociality in the obligately eusocial sweat bee L. (E.) malachurum. A
comparative study, using principal components analysis, was performed to determine if
patterns of intraspecific social variation in L. malachurum reflect the patterns of social
variation within the subgenus, Evylaeus, as a whole.
The results of the field study reveal that, in Greece, two worker broods were
produced followed by a third brood consisting of gynes, males and some workers, indicating
that there was an overlap in worker and gyne production. There was strong caste distinction
between queens and workers. Workers actively foraged and participated in nest construction
as most workers (58%, n=303) had a high degree of mandibular wear. Workers did not
participate in the oviposition of Brood 3 gynes since only 0.7% (n=278) of workers were
mated. Furthermore, queen survival until the end of Brood 3 and a substantial size
differential of 10.6% between queens and workers suggested that queen domination over
worker behaviour during the early to mid-part of the colony cycle was plausible. Male
production in Brood 3 by some workers was likely, since the timing of worker ovarian
development corresponded with the timing of male production. These findings suggest that
workers of the first two broods were primarily altruistic, but some (28%) Brood 1 (9%) and
Brood 2 (19%) workers produced males, indicating that the degree of altruistic behaviour
declined during the lifetime of the colony. In comparison with other L. malachurum
populations in Europe, the Greek population of L. malachurum had a weaker social level as
a result of the higher proportion of workers potentially involved in male production, thus
3
supporting the hypothesis of a southerly cline of decreasing eusociality. Furthermore,
intraspecific variation in social level across Europe appears to be due to longer breeding
seasons in more southerly locations that would promote the production of larger colonies
and provide opportunities for workers to evade queen control.
The comparative study using principal components analysis on 20 solitary (of the
subgenera Evylaeus and Lasioglossum), eusocial and socially polymorphic Evylaeus species
and populations reveals that six traits are closely associated with stronger eusociality in
Evylaeus. These traits are: (1) a reduction in the proportion of males in the early brood(s);
(2) a reduction in the proportion of females that mate; (3) an increase in the mean number of
first brood workers; (4) a reduction in the proportion of females with developed ovaries; (5)
an increase in size dimorphism between castes, and (6) nest guarding. These are traits that
most significantly define principal component one and therefore distinguish social type as
indicated by a clear separation of the eusocial and the solitary populations, with a socially
polymorphic species falling in between. Furthermore, most of these traits are under
foundress control and may suggest that the evolutionary loss or gain of eusociality is based
on selection pressures on a founding female. Colony size and female ovarian development
are common factors distinguishing social variation in L. malachurum and within the
subgenus as a whole. The principal components analysis excluding the solitary species and
the socially aberrant L. marginatum populations show the L. malachurum populations
separated based on an increasing proportion of workers with developed ovaries as
populations are found more south, lending further support to the hypothesis of a north-south
cline of decreasing eusociality.


title: Investigations in flow injection analysis (FIA): conventional FIA determination of chloride in water; sequential injection (SI)-FIA determination of mercury in water

subject:
Flow injection analysis.
Chlorides--Analysis.
Mercury--Analysis.
Water--Pollution--Measurement.

abstract:
Flow injection analysis (FIA) was applied to the
determination of both chloride ion and mercury in water.
Conventional FIA was employed for the chloride study.
Investigations of the Fe3 +/Hg(SCN)2/CI-,450 nm
spectrophotometric system for chloride determination led to
the discovery of an absorbance in the 250-260 nm region when
Hg(SCN)2 and CI- are combined in solution, in the absence of
iron(III). Employing an in-house FIA system, absorbance
observed at 254 nm exhibited a linear relation from
essentially 0 - 2000 Jlg ml- 1 injected chloride. This linear
range spanning three orders of magnitude is superior to the
Fe3+/Hg(SCN)2/CI- system currently employed by laboratories
worldwide. The detection limit obtainable with the proposed
method was determin~d to be 0.16 Jlg ml- 1 and the relative
standard deviation was determined to be 3.5 % over the
concentration range of 0-200 Jig ml- 1. Other halogen ions
were found to interfere with chloride determination at 254 nm
whereas cations did not interfere. This system was
successfully applied to the determination of chloride ion in
laboratory water.
Sequential injection (SI)-FIA was employed for mercury
determination in water with the PSA Galahad mercury
amalgamation, and Merlin mercury fluorescence detection
systems. Initial mercury in air determinations involved
injections of mercury saturated air directly into the Galahad whereas mercury in water determinations involved solution
delivery via peristaltic pump to a gas/liquid separator, after
reduction by stannous chloride. A series of changes were made
to the internal hardware and valving systems of the Galahad
mercury preconcentrator. Sequential injection solution
delivery replaced the continuous peristaltic pump system and
computer control was implemented to control and integrate all
aspects of solution delivery, sample preconcentration and
signal processing. Detection limits currently obtainable with
this system are 0.1 ng ml-1 HgO.


title: Isolation and analysis of a corprinus cinereus DNA fragment showing homology to a fimbrial cDNA from ustilago violacea

subject:
Coprinus, cinereus.
Ustilago violacea.
Pili (Microbiology)
Homology (Biology)
DNA.

abstract:
Surface proteinaceous fibrils, termed fimbriae, were first
identified on gram negative bacteria in the 1940s. Fungal fimbriae,
discovered some 25 years later, are found on members of all fungal
classes. In the present study, polyclonal antiserum raised against the
fimbrial proteins of U. vio/acea were used in order to identify
antigenically related proteins from Coprinus cinereus and
Schizophy//um commune. Two polypeptides with molecular masses of
37 and 39 kDa from C. cinereus were observed and confirm earlier
results. A single previously unidentified 50 kDa polypeptide in S.
commune crossreacted with the antiserum. The 50 kDa protein was
found to consist of 3 isoforms with isoelectric points ranging from 5.6
to 5.8.
A fimbrial cDNA derived from U. vio/acea was used to identify
DNA restriction fragments from C. cinereus and S. commune showing
homology to the fimbrial transcript of U. vio/acea. Heterologous
hybridization with this cDNA was used in order to screen a C. cinereus
genomic DNA library. A single clone, A2-3A, with a 14 kbp insert
showed strong homology to the pfim3-1 cDNA. The region of homology,
a 700 bp Xba I fragment, was subcloned into pUG19. This plasmid was
refered to as pXX8. DNA sequence determinations of pXX8 and adjacent
fragments from A2-3A suggested that the cloned DNA was a portion of
the rONA repeat encoding the small subunit rRNA.
DNA sequence analysis of pfim3-1 yielded an incomplete open
reading frame. The predicted amino acid sequence codes for a 206
amino acid, 22 kDa polypeptide which contains a domain similar to a
transmembrane domain from rat leukocyte antigen, GDS3. As well, an
untranslated 576 nucleotide domain showed 81 % homology to pXX8 and
830/0 homology to the 188 rRNA sequence of Ustilago maydis. This
sequence was found adjacent to a region of adenine-thymine base pairs
presumed to represent the polyadenylation sequence of the fimbrial
transcript. The size and extent of homology is sufficient to account for
the hybridization of pfim3-1 to rDNA. It is suggested that this domain
represents a completely novel regulatory domain within eukaryotes
that may enable the observed rapid regeneration of fimbriae in U.
violacea.


title: Kinetic and product studies for the oxidtion of organic sulfides and sulfoxides in the presence of transition metal complexes

subject: Oxidation. Sulfides. Sulfoxides. Metals.

abstract:
Rates and products of the oxidation of diphenyl sulfide, phenyl
methyl sulfide, p-chlorophenyl methyl sulfide and diphenyl sulfoxide
have been determined. Oxidants included t-Bu02H alone, t-Bu02H plus
molybdenum or vanadium catalysts and the molybdenum peroxo complex
Mo0(02)2*HMPT. Reactions were chiefly carried out in ethanol at
temperatures ranging from 20° to 65°C.
Oxidation of diphenyl sulfide by t-Bu02H in absolute ethanol at
65°C followed second-order kinetics with k2 = 5.61 x 10 G M~1s"1, and
yielded only diphenyl sulfoxide. The Mo(C0)g-catalyzed reaction gave
both the sulfoxide and the sulfone with consecutive third-order kinetics.
Rate = k3[Mo][t-Bu02H][Ph2S] + k^[Mo][t-Bu02H][Ph2S0], where
log k3 = 12.62 - 18500/RT, and log k^ = 10.73 - 17400/RT.
In the absence of diphenyl sulfide, diphenyl sulfoxide did not
react with t-Bu02H plus molybdenum catalysts, but was oxidized by
t-Bu02H-V0(acac)2.
The uncatalyzed oxidation of phenyl methyl sulfide by t-Bu02H in
absolute ethanol at 65°C gave a second-order rate constant,
k = 3.48 x 10~"5 M^s""1. With added Mo(C0)g, the product was mainly
phenyl methyl sulfoxide; Rate = k3[Mo][t-Bu02H][PhSCH3] where
log k3 = 22.0 - 44500/RT. Both diphenyl sulfide and diphenyl sulfoxide react readily with the
molybdenum peroxy complex, Mo0(02)2'HMPT in absolute ethanol at 35°C,
yielding diphenyl sulfone.
The observed features are mainly in agreement with the literature
on metal ion-catalyzed oxidations of organic compounds by hydroperoxides.
These indicate the formation of an active catalyst and the complexation
of t-Bu02H with the catalyst. However, the relatively large difference
between the activation energies for diphenyl sulfide and phenyl methyl
sulfide, and the non-reactivity of diphenyl sulfoxide suggest the
involvement of sulfide in the production of an active species.


title: Landscape geochemical investigations in the vicinity of a lead deposit near Snertingdal, southern Norway

subject: Lead ores--Norway--Snertingdal.

subject: Landscape protection--Norway--Snertingdal.

subject: Geochemistry.

abstract:
Landscape geochemical investigations were conducted upon
portions of a natural uniform landscape in southern Norway.
This consisted of sampling both soil profile samples and
spruce tree twigs for the analysis of twelve chemical elements.
These elements were cobalt, copper, nickel, lead, zinc,
manganese, magnesium, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium and
aluminum which were determined by atomic absorption analysis
on standardized extraction techniques for both organic and
inorganic materials.
Two "landscape traverses" were chosen for a comparative
study of the effects of varying landscape parameters upon the
trace element distribution patterns throughout the landscape
traverses. The object of this study was to test this method
of investigation and the concept of an ideal uniform landscape
under Norwegian conditions. A "control traverse" was
established to represent uniform landscape conditions typical
of the study area and was used to determine "normal" or
average trace element distribution patterns. A "signal
traverse" was selected nearby over an area of lead mineralization
where the depth to bedrock is very small. The signal
traverse provided an area of similar landscape conditions to
those of the control traverse with significant differences
in the bedrock configuration and composition. This study was also to determine the effect of the bedrock mineralization
upon the distribution patterns of the twelve chemical elements
within the major components of the two landscape traverses
(i.e. soil profiles and tree branches).
The lead distribution within the soils of the signal
traverse showed localized accumulations of lead within the
overburden with maximum values occurring within the organic A
horizon of soil profile #10. Above average concentrations of
lead were common within the signal traverse, however, the
other elements studied were not significantly different from
those averages determined throughout the soils of the control
traverse.
The spruce twig samples did not have corresponding
accumulations of lead near the soil lead anomaly. This is
attributable to the very localized nature of the lead dispersion
pattern within the soils.
This approach to the study of the geochemistry of a
natural landscape was effective in establishing: a) average
or "normal" trace element distribution patterns b) local
variations in the landscape morphology and c) the effect of
unusually high lead concentrations upon the geochemistry of
the landscape (i.e. within the soil profiles and tree branches).
This type of study provides the basis for further more
intensive studies and serves only as a first approximation of
the behaviour of elements within a natural landscape.


title: Learning styles and achievement in postsecondary classrooms

subject:
Postsecondary education--Ontario.
Academic achievement--Ontario.
Learning--Testing.

abstract:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between
learning styles and academic achievement in postsecondary education. It was
the intent of the study to establish if there was a relationship between student
learning style, teacher style, learner/teacher matching and/or mismatching,
student gender and age, to the academic grades of students. This study was
basically a replication of a study completed by Mary J. Thompson and Terrance
P. O'Brien in 1991 on two campuses of a southeast community college in the
United States. In the present study, 243 students and 18 teachers from two
different campuses of a community college in the Province of Ontario
participated in the research. All participants were administered the Gregorc
Style Delineator and students identified by program, age and gender. Data
were tested by two analysis of variance (ANOVA) models. In the first
ANOVA model considered in this study, significant main effects were
manifested in regard to the teaching style, age group and gender. With the
exception of gender, these findings were very similiar to those of the original
study. Duncan's multiple range test revealed that Concrete Sequential (CS)
teachers assigned significantly lower grades than did teachers dominant in any
of the other three learning styles. Post hoc testing revealed that students 25
years of age and older received significantly higher grades than did younger
students. Female students also received significantly higher grades than did
male students. In the second ANOVA model student/teacher learning style
match/mismatch did emerge as a significant main effect. However, Duncan's
multiple range test and Chi square analysis did not substantiate the relationship.
Forty-eight references are cited.


title: Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of boron trihalide complexes of 1,1-BIS (dimethylamino) ethylene and related bases

subject:
Nuclear magnetic resonance.
Boron compounds.
Ethylene.

abstract:
Boron tribalide complexes of 1,1-bis(dimethylamino)ethylene (DME) ,
t etramethylurea (TMU), tetramethylguanidine (TMG) , and pentamethylguanidine
(PMG) and also mixed boron t r ihalide adducts of DME have
been investigated by 1H and 19F NMR spectroscopy.
Both nitrogen and the C-Q-H carbon of DME are possible donor
a toms to boron trihal ides but complexation has been found to occur
only at carbon of DME. The initial adduct acts as a Bronsted acid
and gives up a proton to free DME in solut ion. A side reaction in the
DME-BF, system gives rise to trace amounts of a complex aSSigned as
(DME)2BF2+. (DME)2BF2+ is produced in much larger quantities in t he
DME-BF3-BC13 and DME-BF,-BBr, systems by reaction of free DME with
DME:BF2X (X = Cl, Br).
Restricted r otation about the C-N bonds of TMUlBC13 and n1U:BBr3
has been observed at low temperatures. This complements previous work
in this system and confirms oxygen donation of TMU to boron trihalides .
Restricted rotation at low temperatures also has been observed in DMEboron
trihalide systems


title: Orientation of Non-Native 2-Monosubstituted and 2,3-Disubstituted 1,4-Naphthoquinones in the A1 binding site of PSI and the effect on the rate of electron transfer : an electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy study

subject: Naphthoquinone.

subject: Charge exchange.

subject: Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy.

subject: Photosynthesis.

abstract:
The proce-ss ofoxygenic photosynthesis is vital to life on Earth. the central event
in photosynthesis is light induced electron transfer that converts light into energy for
growth. Ofparticular significance is the membrane bound multisubunit protein known as
Photosystem I (PSI). PSI is a reaction centre that is responsible for the transfer of
electrons across the membrane to reduce NADP+ to NADPH. The recent publication ofa
high resolution X-ray structure of PSI has shown new information about the structure, in
particular the electron transfer cofactors, which allows us to study it in more detail.
In PSI, the secondary acceptor is crucial for forward electron transfer. In this
thesis, the effect of removing the native acceptor phylloquinone and replacing it with a
series of structurally related quinones was investigated via transient electron
paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiments. The orientation of non native quinones in
the binding site and their ability to function in the electron transfer process was
determined.
It was found that PSI will readily accept alkyl naphthoquinones and
anthraquinone. Q band EPR experiments revealed that the non-native quinones are
incorporated into the binding site with the same orientation of the headgroup as in the
native system. X band EPR spectra and deuteration experiments indicate that monosubstituted
naphthoquinones are bound to the Al site with their side group in the position
occupied by the methyl group in native PSI (meta to the hydrogen bonded carbonyl
oxygen). X band EPR experiments show that 2, 3- disubstituted methyl naphthoquinones
are also incorporated into the Al site in the same orientation as phylloquinone, even with
the presence of a halogen- or sulfur-containing side chain in the position normally occupied by the phytyl tail ofphylloquinone. The exception to this is 2-bromo-3-methyl
--.- _. -. - -- - - 4 _._ _ _ - _ _
naphthoquinone which has a poorly resolved spectrum, making determination of the
orientation difficuh.
All of the non-native quinones studied act as efficient electron acceptors.
However, forward electron transfer past the quinone could only be demonstrated for
anthraquinone, which has a more negative midpoint potential than phylloquinone. In the
case of anthraquinone, an increased rate of forward electron transfer compared to native
PSI was found. From these results we can conclude that the rate ofelectron transfer from
Al to Fx in native PSI lies in the normal region ofthe Marcus Curve.


title: Phytoplankton species diversity of 27 lakes and ponds of Costa Rica (Central America)

subject:
Phytoplankton--Costa Rica.
Lakes--Costa Rica.
Ponds--Costa Rica.

abstract:
The literature on species diversity of phytoplankton of tropical
lakes is scarce, and for the main part comes from studies of the big
lakes in Africa, or deep lakes in South America, leaving a gap in the
information about small shallow tropical lakes. In the present work
the phytoplankton species composition and diversity of 27 shallow
lakes and ponds in Costa Rica (Central America) was studied.
The species composition was found to agree with other studies of
tropical lakes, with a dominance of Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta, or in
some cases Bacillariophyta or Euglenophyta; and a general paucity of
Chrysophyta and Cryptophyta.
Species richness varied considerably among the lakes, and tended
to decrease with an increase in lake elevation. A low evenness in the
species abundances was found, with one or more species outnumbering
the rest by several orders of magnitude.
Individual species abundances and species composition was found
to vary with time in Rio Cuarto Lake, a meromictic lake situated in a
region with low seasonal change in precipitation.
In comparison with the phytoplankton of temperate lakes, the
phytoplankton of the tropical lakes studied tended to have a lower
evenness of species abundances, although species richness may be
similar to temperate figures in some cases. Diversity indices
sensitive to changes in the abundance of rare species tend to be
higher in the tropical lakes studied; diversity indices sensitive to
changes in the numbers of abundant species tend to be similar between
the temperate and tropical lakes examined.


title: Pigment orientation changes detected by low temperature linear dichroism spectroscopy: cold-hardening transition in phycobilisome-containing organisms

subject:
Linear dichroism.
Low temperatures.
Pigments (Biology)
Spectrum analysis.
Membrane proteins.

abstract:
Low temperature (77K) linear dichroism spectroscopy was used to characterize pigment
orientation changes accompanying the light state transition in the cyanobacterium,
Synechococcus sp. pee 6301, and cold-hardening in winter rye (Secale cereale L. cv.
Puma). Samples were oriented for spectroscopy using the gel squeezing method
(Abdourakhmanov et aI., 1979) and brought to 77K in liquid nitrogen.
The linear dichroism (LD) spectra of Synechococcus 6301 phycobilisome/thylakoid
membrane fragments cross-linked in light state 1 and light state 2 with glutaraldehyde showed
differences in both chlorophyll a and phycobilin orientation. A decrease in the relative
amplitude of the 681nm chlorophyll a positive LD peak was observed in membrane fragments
in state 2. Reorientation of the phycobilisome (PBS) during the transition to state 2 resulted in
an increase in core allophycocyanin absorption parallel to the membrane, and a decrease in rod
phycocyanin parallel absorption. This result supports the "spillover" and "PBS detachment"
models of the light state transition in PBS-containing organisms, but not the "mobile PBS"
model. A model was proposed for PBS reorientation upon transition to state 2, consisting of a
tilt in the antenna complex with respect to the membrane plane.
Linear dichroism spectra of PBS/thylakoid fragments from the red alga, Porphyridium
cruentum, grown in green light (containing relatively more PSI) and red light (containing
relatively more PSll) were compared to identify chlorophyll a absorption bands associated
with each photosystem. Spectra from red light - grown samples had a larger positive LD signal
on the short wavelength side of the 686nm chlorophyll a peak than those from green light -
grown fragments. These results support the identification of the difference in linear dichroism
seen at 681nm in Synechococcus spectra as a reorientation of PSll chromophores.
Linear dichroism spectra were taken of thylakoid membranes isolated from winter rye
grown at 20°C (non-hardened) and 5°C (cold-hardened). Differences were seen in the
orientation of chlorophyll b relative to chlorophyll a. An increase in parallel absorption was
identified at the long-wavelength chlorophyll a absorption peak, along with a decrease in
parallel absorption from chlorophyll b chromophores. The same changes in relative pigment
orientation were seen in the LD of isolated hardened and non-hardened light-harvesting antenna
complexes (LHCII). It was concluded that orientational differences in LHCII pigments were
responsible for thylakoid LD differences. Changes in pigment orientation, along with
differences observed in long-wavelength absorption and in the overall magnitude of LD in
hardened and non-hardened complexes, could be explained by the higher LHCII
monomer:oligomer ratio in hardened rye (Huner et ai., 1987) if differences in this ratio affect
differential light scattering properties, or fluctuation of chromophore orientation in the isolated
LHCII sample.


title: Pressure dependence of superconductivity in amorphous Ni x Zr 100-x alloys

subject:
Superconductivity.
Amorphous substances.
Alloys--Analysis.
Pressure--Measurement.

abstract:
Pressure variations of the superconducting transition
temperature Ic of a series of amorphous NixZr 1 OO-x alloys have been
studied under quasmydrostatic pressures upto 8 G Pa. For amorphous
samples having Ni-concentration less than 40%, i)Tc/dP is positive in sign
and it decreases non linearly with increase in I. whereasdTcldP is
negative in sign for Ni concentration of 45%.
Comparison with the Hall coefficient (I) and the thermoelectric
power (2) results for the same amorphous alloys leads to the conclusion
that s-d hybridization nature of the d-band (Nil plays a central role in the
sign reversal behaviour. Application of pressures greater than 2 G Pa to
Ni20ZrgO led to the formation of a new phase, w-Zr. which retains its
form after the pressure is released.


title: Reactions of steroidal epoxides with strong organic bases and an investigation into the syntheses of some labelled pregnane derivatives

subject:
Epoxy compounds.
Steroids.
Organic bases.
Pregnane.
Organic compounds--Synthesis.

abstract:
Reactions of 5,6- and 4,5-epoxycholestane derivatives with strong
bases were investigated.
Epoxidation of 3a-acetoxycholest-5-ene also gave a new compound along
with the anticipated epoxides. Interconversions of the latter were observed.
Some possible mechanisms of its formation and rearrangements have been
pIioposed.
No reaction was observed with any of the 5,6- and 4,5-steroidal
epoxides employed in the present study, using potassium tertiary butoxide
under refluxing conditions. n-Butyllithium reacted only with
5,6-epoxycholestanes bearing a ketal moiety at the C3 carbon. Opening of
the ketal group was observed with n-butyllithium in the case of a ~-epoxide.
The reaction was also investigated in the absence of epoxide functionality.
A possible mechanism for the opening of ketal group has been proposed.
Lithium diethylamide (LDEA) was found effective in rearranging
5,6- and 4,5-epoxides to their ~orresponding allylic alcohols. These
rearrangements presumably proceed via syn-eliminations, however the
possibility of a corresponding anti-elimination has not been eliminated.
A substituent effect of various functional groups (R = H, OH, OCH2CH20)
at C3 has-been observed on product distribution in the LDEApromoted
rearrangements of the corresponding epoxides.
No reaction of these epoxides was observed with lithium diisopropylamide
(LDA) •
In the second part of the project, several attempts were made towards
the sYRthesis of deoxycorticoste~one~17,2l,2l~d3' a compound desirable for
the 2l-dehydroxylation studies of deoxycorticosterone. Several routes were
investigated, and some deuterium labelled pregnane derivatives were
prepared in this regard. Microbial 21-hydroxylation of progesteronel7,21,21,2l-
d4 by ~ niger led to loss of deuterium from C21 of the product.
An effort was made to hydroxylate progesterone microbially under neutral
condtions.


title: Reactions of various aromatic nitro-compounds and anthraquinones with selected bases and nucleophiles

subject:
Nitro compounds.
Aromatic compounds.
Substitution reactions.
Quinone.

abstract:
The Introducti on deals mainly with hi storical studies
on aryne chemi stry and ring closure via arynes , hydride replacement
from aromatic rings by nucleophi les, c l eavage of anthr
aquinones in basic medium and the Leuckart reaction .
This work can be divided into two main s ect i ons.
Section I is concerned with the investigation of t he reaction
of some aromatic ni t ro-compounds with potassamide in l iquid
ammonia. 3-Amino-4- nitrobenzophenone was obtained from the
reacti on of 4-nitrobenzophenone with t his reagent, toge t her
with benzoic acid formed in a competing Haller-Bauer reaction.
Nitrobenzene under these conditions gave a complex
mixture from which 2-phenylphenol was isolated; a reaction
i nvolving benzyne may be i nvo l ved.
4-Nitrodiphenyl sulfone gave 4-aminodiphenyl sulfone
and 4-nitroani l ine. 4-Ethoxydiphenyl sulfone and 4-ethoxynitrobenzene
were isolated when ethanol was used as a co-solvent
in the reaction.
Oxidative coupling reactions were observed with nitrotoluenes.
4-Nitrotoluene gave 4,4t-dinitrobibenzyl which i n a
pro longed reaction gave 4,4t-dinitros t ilbene . 2-Nitrotoluene
gave 2 , 2 t-dinitrobibenzyl, but not the corresponding stilbene
derivative even after a longer time . A rather i nteresting
result was obtained with 1-nitro-2,4,6- trimethylbenzene which
gave a stilbene derivative only. Also the corresponding stilbene
was obtained from bis-(4-nitrophenyl)-methane in a rather slow
r eaction with this reagent .
Section II deals wi th (i) the preparation of 5-chloro-
1-N-methyl aminoanthraquinone and a new synthesis of N-methyl acridones
and (ii) treatment of chloro-anthraquinones with
fo rmamide and a new synthesis of chloro-anthracenes .
5-Chloro-1 -N-methylaminoanthraqui none was synthesised
f rom 1,5-dichloroanthraquinone by treatment with N-methylformamide.
Treatment of 5-chloro-1-N-methylaminoanthraquinone
with potassamide in liquid ammonia or with potassium t-butoxide
i n t-butylbenzene gave N-methylacridone-1-carboxylic acid.
This pleasing result, t he outcome of r i ng opening and alter native
ring closure, is being extended to related ring systems.


title: Residues in soils : a gas chromatography - mass spectrometry study

subject:
Soils--Analysis.
Gas chromatography.
Mass spectrometry.

abstract:
Combined gas chromatography and mass
spectrometry has been used to identify unknown
residues in soils (especially pesticides).
The effect of U.V. light on DDT and
linuron and quantitative estimation of elemental
sulfur in different soils has also been carried out.


title: Some ecological factors affecting the input and population level of total and faecal coliforms and salmonella in Twelve Mile Creek, Lake Ontario and sewage waters near St. Catharines, Ontario

subject: Salmonella.

subject: Ecology--Ontario, Lake (N.Y. and Ont.)

subject: Ecology--Ontario--Twelve Mile Creek.

subject: Water--Pollution--Ontario--St. Catharines.

subject: Sewerage--Ontario--St. Catharines.

subject: Ecology--Ontario--St. Catharines.

abstract:
Some Ecological Factors Affecting the Input and Population Levels of Total
and Faecal Coliforms and Salmonella in Twelve Mile Creek, Lake Ontario and
Sewage Waters Near St. Catharines, Ontario. Supervisor: Dr. M. Helder.
The present study was undertaken to investigate the role of some
ecological factors on sewage-Dorne bacteria in waters near St. Catharines,
Ontario. Total and faecal coliform levels and the presence of Salmonella
were monitored for a period of a year along with determination of temperature,
pH, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solids, nitrate N, total phosphate
P and ammonium N. Bacteriological tests for coliform analysis were
done according to APHA Standard Methods by the membrane filtration technique.
The grab sampling technique was employed for all sampling.
Four sample sites were chosen in the Port Dalhousie beach area to
determine what bacteriological or physical relationship the sites had to
each other. The sample sites chosen were the sewage inflow to and the
effluent from the St. Catharines (Port Dalhousie) Pollution Control Plant,
Twelve Mile Creek below the sewage outfall and Lake Ontario at the Lakeside
Park beach. The sewage outfall was located in Twelve Mile Creek, approximately
80 meters from the creek junction with the beach and piers on Lake
Ontario. Twelve Mile Creek normally carried a large volume of water from
the WeIland Canal which was diverted through the DeCew Generating Station
located on the Niagara Escarpment. An additional sample site, which was
thought to be free of industrial wastes, was chosen at Twenty Mile Creek,
also in the Niagara Region of Ontarioo
3
There were marked variations in bacterial numbers at each site and
between each site, but trends to lower_numbers were noted from the sewage
inflow to Lake Ontario. Better correlations were noted between total
and faecal coliform population levels and total phosphate P and ammonium
N in Twenty Mile Creek. Other correlations were observed for other sample
stations, however, these results also appeared to be random in nature.
Salmonella isolations occurred more frequently during the winter and spring
months when water temperatures were minimal at all sample stations except
the sewage inflow. The frequency of Salmonella isolations appeared to be
related to increased levels of total and faecal coli forms in the sewage
effluent. However, no clear relationships were established in the other
sample stations. Due to the presence of Salmonella and high levels of
total and faecal coliform indicator organisms, the sanitary quality of Lake
Ontario and Twelve Mile Creek at the sample sites seemed to be impaired over
the major portion of the study period.


title: Studies in the mass spectra of perfluoroaromatic derivatives of phosphorus and some selected transition metals

subject:
Mass spectrometry.
Transition metals.
Phosphorus.

abstract:
The mass spectra and fragmentation of a variety of
fluoroaromatic compounds of Group V and some selected
transition elements are discussed in some detail, aided by
data from metastable defocussed experiments. Results of
,studies on the coupling reaction using unstable organotitanium
chloride intermediate species are reported. The
preparation of some 5-substituted octafluorodibenzophospho1es
is also discussed. Rearrangements under electron bombardment
resulting in the loss of heteroatom-fluoride fragments are
discussed in the light of presently accepted mechanisms for
these processes as are rearrangements observed in compounds
involving thionophosphoryl bonds ( p=s ).


title: The effects of language complexity in a counterattitudinal appeal to laypeople : an application of the elaboration likelihood model of persuasion to a legal issue

subject:
Persuasion (Psychology)
Communication--Psychological aspects.
Law--Language.

abstract:
The effects of a complexly worded counterattitudinal appeal on laypeople's attitudes
toward a legal issue were examined, using the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) of
persuasion as a theoretical framework. This model states that persuasion can result from the
elaboration and scrutiny of the message arguments (i.e., central route processing), or can result
from less cognitively effortful strategies, such as relying on source characteristics as a cue to
message validity (i.e., peripheral route processing). One hundred and sixty-seven undergraduates
(85 men and 81 women) listened to eitller a low status or high status source deliver a
counterattitudinal speech on a legal issue. The speech was designed to contain strong or weak
arguments. These arguments were 'worded in a simple and, therefore, easy to comprehend
manner, or in a complex and, therefore, difficult to comprehend manner. Thus, there were three
experimental manipulations: argument comprehensibility (easy to comprehend vs. difficult to
comprehend), argumel11 strength (weak vs. strong), and source status (low vs. high). After
listening to tIle speec.J] participants completed a measure 'of their attitude toward the legal issue,
a thought listil1g task, an argument recall task,manipulation checks, measures of motivation to
process the message, and measures of mood.
As a result of the failure of the argument strength manipulation, only the effects of the
comprehel1sibility and source status manipulations were tested. There was, however, some
evidence of more central route processing in the easy comprehension condition than in the
difficult comprehension condition, as predicted. Significant correlations were found between
attitude and favourable and unfavourable thoughts about the legal issue with easy to comprehend
arguments; whereas, there was a correlation only between attitude and favourable thoughts
11
toward the issue with difficult to comprehend arguments, suggesting, perhaps, that central route
processing, \vhich involves argument scrutiny and elaboration, occurred under conditions of easy
comprehension to a greater extent than under conditions of difficult comprehension.
The results also revealed, among other findings, several significant effects of gender. Men
had more favourable attitudes toward the legal issue than did women, men recalled more
arguments from the speech than did women, men were less frustrated while listening to the
speech than were ,vomen, and men put more effort into thinking about the message arguments
than did women. When the arguments were difficult to comprehend, men had more favourable
thoughts and fewer unfavourable thoughts about the legal issue than did women. Men and
women may have had different affective responses to the issue of plea bargaining (with women
responding more negatively than men), especially in light of a local and controversial plea
bargain that occurred around the time of this study. Such pre-existing gender differences may
have led to tIle lower frustration, the greater effort, the greater recall, and more positive attitudes
for men than for WOlnen.
Results· from this study suggest that current cognitive models of persuasion may not be
very applicable to controversial issues which elicit strong emotional responses. Finally, these
data indicate that affective responses, the controversial and emotional nature ofthe issue, gender
and other individual differences are important considerations when experts are attempting to
persuade laypeople toward a counterattitudinal position.

abstract:
The effects of a complexly worded counterattitudinal appeal on laypeople's attitudes
toward a legal issue were examined, using the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) of
persuasion as a theoretical framework. This model states that persuasion can result from the
elaboration and scrutiny of the message arguments (i.e., central route processing), or can result
from less cognitively effortful strategies, such as relying on source characteristics as a cue to
message validity (i.e., peripheral route processing). One hundred and sixty-seven undergraduates
(85 men and 81 women) listened to eitller a low status or high status source deliver a
counterattitudinal speech on a legal issue. The speech was designed to contain strong or weak
arguments. These arguments were 'worded in a simple and, therefore, easy to comprehend
manner, or in a complex and, therefore, difficult to comprehend manner. Thus, there were three
experimental manipulations: argument comprehensibility (easy to comprehend vs. difficult to
comprehend), argumel11 strength (weak vs. strong), and source status (low vs. high). After
listening to tIle speec.J] participants completed a measure 'of their attitude toward the legal issue,
a thought listil1g task, an argument recall task,manipulation checks, measures of motivation to
process the message, and measures of mood.
As a result of the failure of the argument strength manipulation, only the effects of the
comprehel1sibility and source status manipulations were tested. There was, however, some
evidence of more central route processing in the easy comprehension condition than in the
difficult comprehension condition, as predicted. Significant correlations were found between
attitude and favourable and unfavourable thoughts about the legal issue with easy to comprehend
arguments; whereas, there was a correlation only between attitude and favourable thoughts
toward the issue with difficult to comprehend arguments, suggesting, perhaps, that central route
processing, \vhich involves argument scrutiny and elaboration, occurred under conditions of easy
comprehension to a greater extent than under conditions of difficult comprehension.
The results also revealed, among other findings, several significant effects of gender. Men
had more favourable attitudes toward the legal issue than did women, men recalled more
arguments from the speech than did women, men were less frustrated while listening to the
speech than were ,vomen, and men put more effort into thinking about the message arguments
than did women. When the arguments were difficult to comprehend, men had more favourable
thoughts and fewer unfavourable thoughts about the legal issue than did women. Men and
women may have had different affective responses to the issue of plea bargaining (with women
responding more negatively than men), especially in light of a local and controversial plea
bargain that occurred around the time of this study. Such pre-existing gender differences may
have led to tIle lower frustration, the greater effort, the greater recall, and more positive attitudes
for men than for WOlnen.
Results· from this study suggest that current cognitive models of persuasion may not be
very applicable to controversial issues which elicit strong emotional responses. Finally, these
data indicate that affective responses, the controversial and emotional nature ofthe issue, gender
and other individual differences are important considerations when experts are attempting to
persuade laypeople toward a counterattitudinal position.


title: The investigation of edge effects within ragmented forest islands in Short Hills Provincial Park

subject: Landscape ecology--Ontario--Short Hills Provincial Park.

subject: Forest ecology--Ontario--Short Hills Provincial Park.

subject: Island ecology--Ontario--Short Hills Provincial Park.

abstract:
It has been well documented, within the field of landscape ecology, that terrestrial
fragmentation contributes to increased heterogeneity at the landscape level. It has also been
observed that elevated areas of edge habitat occur within fragmented landscapes. Spatial
and temporal edge effects were investigated in four areas designated as Nature Reserve
Zones within Short Hills Provincial Park, near St. Catharines, Ontario.
Random sampling along exposed edges was performed on trees and saplings, at 5
and 25 ill edge depths, using the point-centred quarter method. Diameter at breast height
(dbh) and distance from point measurements were used to establish relative density,
dominance, frequency and importance value. One-way analyses of variance were used on
dbh measurements of tree species and Chi-Square contingency tables were used on size
class distributions of saplings species to determine significant differences between 5 and 25
metres. Qualitative comparisons of importance values were also used to determine
differences between 5 and 25 metres as well as between trees and saplings.
These statistical and qualitative comparisons suggest that a significant overall
spatial edge effect is currently exhibited by fragmented wooded islands within the park.
The major species of the park, Acersaccharuln, may be exhibiting a temporal edge
effect. The heterogeneous nature of the park may be of importance in understanding this
area as a complex, ecological system. It is possible that the remaining forest tracts of the
park have been affected, and continue to be affected by previous disturbances.
Based on these findings, recommendations are made to the Ontario Ministry of
Natural Resources concerning the management of Short Hills Provincial Park in accordance
with their 1990 proposed Management Plan.


title: The kinetics and solvent effects on the thermal decomposition of isopropyl peroxide and 1, 2-dioxane

subject:
Decomposition (Chemistry)
Peroxides.

abstract:
Rates of H2 formation have been determined for the thermal decomposition
of isopropyl peroxide at l30o-l50oC in toluene and methanol and at l400C in
isopropyl alcohol and water. Product studies have been carried out at l400C
in these solvents.
The decomposition of isopropyl peroxide was shown to be unimolecular
with energies of activation in toluene, and methanol of 39.1, 23.08 Kcal/mole
respectively.
It has been shown that the rates of H2 formation in decomposition of
isopropyl peroxide are solvent dependent and that the ~ vs "'2';' values
(parameters for solvent polarity) givesastraight line. Mechanisms for
hydrogen production are discussed which satisfactorily explain the
stabilization of the six-centered transition state by the solvent. One
possibility is that of conformation stabilization by solvent and the other,
a transition state with sufficient ionic character to be stabilized by a
polar solvent.
Rates of thermal decomposition of 1,2-dioxane in tert-butylbenzene
at l40o-l70oC have been determined. The activation energy was found to
be 33.4 Kcal/mole. This lower activation energy, compared to that for
the decomposition of isopropyl peroxide in toluene (39.1 Kcal/mole) has
been explained in terms of ring strain. Decomposition of 1,2 dioxane in
MeOH does not follow a first order reaction.
Several mechanisms have been suggested for the products observed
for decomposition of 1;2-dioxane in toluene and methanol.


title: The mechanism of formation of the mixed boron trihalide adducts of trimenthylamine

subject:
Halides.
Boron compounds.

abstract:
Boron trihalide and mixed boron trihalide adducts
of trimethylamine have been prepared, and characterized
by proton and fluorine N.M.R. spectroscopy. The acceptor
power of the boron trihalides was seen to increase in the
order BF3 < BC13 < BBr3 < BI3, corroborating previous
evidence. The mixed boron trihalides had intermediate
Lewis acidities.
Solution reactions between adducts and free boron
trihalides rapidly led to the formation of mixed adducts
when the free boron trihalide is a stronger Lewis acid
than that in the adduct. A slower reaction is observed
when the free BX3 is a weaker Lewis aoid than that complexed.
The mechanism of halogen exchange leading to the
mixed (CH3)3NBX3 adducts was investigated. 10B labelling
experiments precluded B-N bond rupture as a possible
mechanism in solution; results are discussed in terms of
halogen-bridged intermediates. Pre-ionization may be
important for some systems. At higher temperatures, during
gas phase reactions,B-N coordinate bond rupture may be
the initial step of reaction.
Two mixed adduots, namely (CH3)3NBClBr2 and
(CH3)3NBHOIBr were prepared and characterized by Mass
Spectrometry


title: The news media in a changing global political system : toward the establishment of an African news agency

subject:
News agencies--Africa.
Mass media--Political aspects--Africa.
Foreign news.
Press.


title: The People's Republic of China and her relations with the countries of the association of Southeast Asian nations : 1969-1975

subject: China -- Foreign relations -- Southeast Asia.

subject: Southeast Asia -- Foreign relations -- China.

abstract:
Phe Ihesis examines the evolution of the -policies of
the People fs Jtenublie of China towards J?hail°nd, PTal ysia,
Singapore, Iidonesia pad the Philip-pines, organised in
the Association of Southeast Asian Nations from 1969 to 1975•
2ze first central point of this study is an *ir sumption
that the foreign relations of The People's Tepublic of
Chi la Towards Southeast ^sia have been motivated by a
dynamic interplay of t^o main factors: (1) Farxist-Leninist
ideology and ICao J^e-tung Ph^ught, which dictate to China
to behave as a revolutionary Dover vhich must assist the
insurgent movements in the area in their strug fle to overthrow
the local governments; (2) national interest, vhich
demands of China to safeguard the southern flank of her
territory bordering on Southerst 'sia through Friendly relations,
trade and ot*»er conventional inrtniments of diplomacy.
hile the tvo main motive factors are nuTually antagonistic
and exclusivet the Chinere leaders are nevertheless
at te mi ting to oring them iirco a coherent policy under Mao's
theory of tve {hniity of op-nosites," vhich believes that it
is -possible to reconcile these co-posing tendencies into a
dynamic enuibrium through vhich both opnosites could be
promoted at the same time although not to the same extent*
la other words, the Chinese leaders conceive the dynamic
equilibrium as a continuum between them in a mix in which
one or the other orientation predominates in different
•periods* Bins we might see China1 s conduct motivated in one
period by mostly ideological considerations at the expense
of the staire-to-state relations, then ve might see her policy
in the middle of the continuum and suf ering from immo bill sine
and just muddling through, or finally ?fe might see her emphasising
friendly ties at the expense of support of revolutionary
movements at the other extreme -point of the spectrum*
!fhe mechanism vhich enables Peking to move from one
pole to the other of the spectrum is activated by the
following elementsJ (1) the result of an internal power
struggle within the leadership in Peking between ideologically
radical and moderate elements, which enables the victorious
faction to initiate nev policies; (2) Peking's assessment
of the changing intentions and capabilities of the major
powers in the area; (3) internal changes within the countries
of the area and the changing attitudes of their
governments towards China; (4) changing fortunes of revolutionary
movements operating in the area*
'Phe second major point of this study is an assertion
that while China's conduct toward Southeast *lsia after her
foundation in 1949 was primarily based upon ideological
considerations, the beginning of the seventies saw the
national interest reasserting itself as the leading motive
factor* Thus China talks with her neighbours in Southeast
asia in terms of relevance of fllong historical ties,"
casting herself into the role of a benevolent "older brother11
who is entitled to reopect and deference in exchange for
patronage and protection* Hence the traditional echoes
of the past are emerging ever stronger and influencing
her postures towards the region, while the open support
to revolutionary moevments is underplayed at the moment.


title: How Ontario elementary school principals negotiate their varied work roles

subject: Elementary school principals--Ontario.

subject: Elementary school administration--Ontario.

abstract:
This qualitative study>addresses the question of how Ontario elementary school
principals negotiate their varied work roles, through interviews with and observations of
6 principals. Using inductive data analysis, principals' negotiations were divided into 5
categories: negotiating priorities, negotiating the process, negotiating constraints,
negotiating the roles of others, and negotiating the self. These principals worked within
these categories simultaneously, emphasizing some more than others, dependent on the
circumstances. For these principals, the time they spent with people in the school and the
resulting relationships that enabled them to build were a first priority, and a large part of
how each principal chose to negotiate the demands of their role arose from their
personality and their personal values.


title: An examination of NHL fans' reactions to the cancelled 2004-2005 season

subject:
Strikes and lockouts--Hockey.
Hockey fans--Attitudes.

abstract:
AN EXAMINATION OF NHL FANS' REACTIONS TO THE CANCELLED 2004-
2005 SEASON
Chad Asselstine
Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University
Gary Bettman, the Commissioner of the National Hockey League (NHL) stepped
in front of the worldwide media on February 16, 2005 to announce that there would be no
NHL games played during the 2004-2005 season. Two sides were prominent during the
labour dispute; the NHL owners and the NHLP A, however a third side that became the
forgotten party was the fans (NHLF A, 2005). The fans are the consumers of the NHL and
all the brands associated with its franchises, they are the people who provide the revenues
that allow owners to pay the players' salaries.
The present study is situated within the sport marketing framework, particularly
within the fan loyalty literature to provide an understanding of the impact of the 2004-
2005 lockout on the forgotten party, NHL fans. This study examines 16 fans' experiences
in four stages: becoming a fan of the NHL, being a fan prior to the lockout, being a fan
during the lockout including their anticipated reaction to the return of the NHL, and their
actual reaction to the return of the NHL. Data was collected using face-to-face interviews
with each ofthe participants, resulting in 16 fans' stories of how the lockout impacted
them specifically.
Through analysis of the data themes began to emerge including the fans'
understanding that there was a need to restructure game play, the business operations of
the NHL, a desire for service recovery strategies which would exceed fans' expectations,
4
and the desire for alternative forms of consumption including alternative hockey leagues
as well as the growing popularity of poker playing.
The study summarizes the effects that the NHL lockout had on the relationship
between 16 individual fan~ and their favourite teams, and concludes with Suggestions for
Future Research and Implications for Sport Marketers that emerged from this unique case
in the history of North American professional sport.


title: A sedimentological study of the glacigenic deposits at Mohawk Bay, near Dunnville, Ontario

subject: Sedimentation and deposition--Ontario--Mohawk Bay.

subject: Sediments (Geology)--Ontario--Mohawk Bay.

subject: Sedimentology.

subject: Glaciers--Ontario--Mohawk Bay.

subject: Glacial epoch--Ontario--Mohawk Bay.