title: Between Philosophy and the Law: Ibn Rushd, Leo Strauss, and the Demands of the City.

contributor:
Hollander, Dana
Religious Studies

subject: Religion Religion

abstract: This thesis uses Leo Strauss' analysis of Ibn Rushd's Decisive Treatise as an analytic framework to approach the Decisive Treatise anew and consider the political and philosophical importance of Ibn Rushd's argument about the relationship between reason and revelation. Using primary source documents in English, Arabic, French, and German, this thesis proposes that, by returning to Ibn Rushd' s text, the reader can develop a richer understanding of (1) the role of the philosopher in politics, according to Ibn Rushd, and (2) some of the complicated differences between the Islamic thought of Ibn Rushd and the Jewish thought of Maimonides as presented by Leo Strauss. This thesis offers an analysis of Strauss' reading of Ibn Rushd, a reading long overlooked by readers of Strauss and readers of Ibn Rushd alike. It provides the foundation for further research that will demonstrate the importance of Ibn Rushd' s thought, both for Islamic philosophy in general and for Leo Strauss specifically.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Variable Selection Methods for Population-based Genetic Association Studies: SPLS and HSIC

contributor:
Balakrishnan, Narayanaswamy
Xie, Changchun
Statistics

subject:
Statistics and Probability
Statistics and Probability

abstract: This project aims to identify the single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs), which are associated with the muscle size and strength in Caucasian. Two methods sparse partial least squares (SPLS) and sparse Hilbert-Schmidt independence criterion (HSIC) were applied for dimension reduction and variables selection in the Functional SNPs Associated with Muscle Size and Strength(FAMuss) Study. The selection ability of two methods was compared by simulations. The genetic determinants of skeletal muscle size and strength before and after exercise training in Caucasian were selected by using these two methods.

abstract: Master of Science (MS)


title: Body, Spirit, Magic and Ritual: The Charming Relationship of Spiritual and Bodily Health in Anglo-Saxon England

contributor:
Savage, Anne
English

subject:
English
English Language and Literature
English Language and Literature

abstract:
This thesis examines a selection of Anglo-Saxon texts featuring food, medicine and magic circa 975-1100 C.E and explores the ways in which food preparation, spiritual practices and magic were related to eating, spiritual and bodily health. I argue that during this period a context-specific attitude of continuity between magic and prayer, food and medicine was present. The supernatural was not differentiated from, but bound up with speech, the body and eating. A study of these texts grants us access to Anglo-Saxon perceptions ofhealth, spirituality, human relationships and death. In order to discuss this special literary space in history we need to develop a critical language that can convey the spiritual force ofwords without putting them into binary categories of "Christian" or "Pagan." Medieval texts resist modem and postmodern literary and historical categorization, making it more important to analyze the significance of overlap than to study the history of these works in isolated disciplines.
This project consists offour sections, each a different framework with which to approach and analyze these texts. These sections are as follows: Part 1) Food and Consumption, Part 2) Magic and Prayer, Part 3) Medicine and Death. A single Anglo-Saxon charm, for example, will receive three separate treatments and analyses. The categories that I have set up will thus work to demonstrate their very non-existence; the same passages can be studied three different ways and simultaneously have three different usages and meanings. My fmal conclusion functions as a connecting space where I will explain the ways in which this thesis both demonstrates and participates in the fluidity and permeability ofthese texts. As the separate discourses offood, magic and medicine synthesize in the conclusion, so too will the reader's categorical understanding of the Anglo-Saxon world.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Extra-Curricular Kids: Frankenstein, Matilda, and Difficult Knowledge

contributor:
Clark, David L.
English

subject:
English
Film and Media Studies
Film and Media Studies

abstract:
This project began as an investigation of the way children are depicted, characterized, and represented in adult literature, or in fiction that is not meant for children. In this sort of literature, child characters are typically very complicated. And the ways in which they are complicated say a great deal about the author's assumptions about children and childhood, and about the dominant assumptions of children and childhood that characterize the author's historical period. In order to speak to the ideas which characterize the Romantic period, this project concentrates critical attention on two texts by Mary Shelley, and two of the stranger child-like characters from her historical period.

This thesis works through what it means to understand the knowledge of kids in terms of what I call the "extracurricular." "Extracurricular" signals this thesis' particular concern with questions relating to the remainders of education and knowledge. Deborah Britzman's work on queer pedagogy provided the language necessary for examining the theoretical and political implications of child knowledge in Shelley. Britzman's discussion of what she terms "difficult knowledge" provided critical traction for talking about the types of education Shelley theorizes, more specifically, in Frankenstein and Matilda, but was not sufficient for a full analysis of the problems that arise in these texts, and within the critical contexts in which the texts are taken up. Instead of simply applying the concept of difficult knowledge to Shelley, this thesis works to translate the Shelleyean concept of "dangerous knowledge" into a model for understanding the relationship of the political to the pedagogical as it pertains to kids. This thesis, in other words, takes place at the intersection of Shelley's discussions of dangerous knowledge and Britzman's discussion of difficult knowledge.

The implications that Shelley's work has for the value of public education, and a less privatized society than the one she witnessed and responded to in her fiction, are still urgent today. While our education system is, ofcourse, profoundly different than the system Shelley was writing about, her demands for a public space (as well as a happy domestic sphere), and a system of public education that is healthy, democratic and keyed towards respecting the knowledge of children represent a politics ofhope in which education is taken seriously because it is understood to have a critical place in the formation of subjectivity.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Atomistic Simulations for computing solid liquid interface properties of the Al-Mg system

contributor:
Hoyt, Jeffrey J.
Materials Science and Engineering

subject:
Materials Science and Engineering
Materials Science and Engineering

abstract:
Crystal-melt interface properties and their associated anisotropies playa crucial role during solidification in controlling the nucleation, crystallization rate and growth morphology. There are two solid-liquid interfacial (SLI) properties affecting the dendritic microstructures that form in the crystallization process and the SLI properties are interfacial free energy (γ) and kinetic coefficient (μ) . In this research work, atomic scale simulation techniques, such as Monte Carlo (MC) and Molecular Dynamics (MD), have been applied to compute the crystal-melt interface properties and their anisotropies of the AI-Mg system.

An inter-atomic potential is utilized for describing the pair interactions of binary AI-Mg system during atomistic simulations. Actually the potential was developed particularly for the simulation of solid-liquid interface properties of AI-Mg alloys. Optimization of the potential is conducted by determining the equilibrium phase diagram employing Monte Carlo (MC) simulation techniques and comparing with the experimental results. A method is discussed for fitting the potential into phase diagram by varying the data for liquid solution energies. A good agreement of the AI-rich side of AI-Mg phase diagram, determined from this potential, is found with the experimental phase diagram. The inter-atomic potential is also optimized by comparing the liquid enthalpy of mixing of AI-Mg alloys with that of experiments.

The crystal-melt interfacial energy (γ) and its anisotropies in AI-Mg binary alloys are computed utilizing a combination of MC and MD simulations in association with the analysis of capillary fluctuation method (CFM). The orientation averaged surface energy γo is observed to increase with increasing temperature which is consistent with other computational results of Lennard Jonnes (LJ) and Hard Sphere (HS) system. The anisotropy of y is found to follow the ordering of γ100> γ110> γ111. Superimposition of the y anisotropy parameters on the orientation selection map, proposed by Haximali et al., predicts the primary dendrite growth in <100> direction for pure Al and the growth is examined to be stabilized in the same orientation with the addition of Mg atoms to Al i.e. in the concentrated alloys as well.

Kinetic coefficient (μ) of pure Al is determined from the free solidification method utilizing Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations employing multiple thermostats in the system which avoids the underestimation of μ due to slow dissipation of the generated latent heat at the solid-liquid interface. Kinetic coefficient is also extracted from equilibrium fluctuation analysis with a correction due to the contribution of thermally controlled interfacial kinetics. μ is computed for both (100) and (110) orientations of the crystal-melt interfaces and the values from both techniques are found to be equivalent. The magnitudes of interface mobility for pure Al is determined as μ100 = 163 cm/s/K and μ110 = 129 cm/s/K.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: Experimental and theoretical study of quartz and InP piezoelectric MEMS resonators

contributor:
Kleiman, R. N.
Engineering Physics

subject:
Engineering Physics
Engineering Physics

abstract: MEMS resonators, cantilevers and bridges, using the piezoelectric effect to drive and detect the fundamental resonance mode are studied. Two types of MEMS resonators are investigated in detail: a conventional quartz tuning fork (a two terminal device) and an InP bridge (a three terminal device). While the former is fabricated commercially from an insulating piezoelectric material the latter is fabricated via the controlled growth of a III-V semiconductor material with a non-zero piezoelectric coefficient. To utilize piezoelectricity based on a III-V semiconductor, an In0.85Ga0.15P /InP heterojunction was fabricated resulting in a depletion width which can be controlled using Schottky contacts. The result of this design is a piezoelectric device, in principle allowing for (dc) tuning of the magnitude of the resonant (ac) deflection and current. The type of deformation of interest is flexural and based on this a general theory relating the bending moment produced due to the piezoelectric stress is presented. Using this bending moment a general expression for the expected deflection and charge is derived analytically. For the quartz case the general expression, which has not been previously derived, is compared to the results of experiments and finite element simulations with good agreement. For the case of InP devices a resonance was not detected. This is attributed to the small piezoelectric coefficient of InP, the stiff bridge design that was chosen and large parasitic effects combining to make it difficult to observe the resonance. The fundamental mechanical noise of the quartz tuning fork was measured and is due to thermal fluctuations at the measurement temperature (~300K) associated with the dissipation in the mechanical system and can be related to the effective resistance of the resonator in the equivalent electrical circuit. Additionally, contributions to the package or dielectric capacitance using two and three terminal setups were studied. The three terminal configuration results in a lower package or dielectric capacitance than for the two terminal configuration.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: Factors Affecting Performance Decrement in Vigilance Tasks

contributor:
Newbigging, P. L.
Psychology

subject: Psychology Psychology

abstract: Three experiments are reported in this thesis. The first two experiments were concerned with counteracting the performance decrement observed in vigilance tasks. Previous studies have shown that the criterion parameter β ,of signal detection theory, increases during a vigilance session. The experiments reported here manipulated variables affecting β in order to keep it at a constant level throughout a session. In experiment I, signal probability was increased within sessions in an auditory vigilance task. This manipulation reduced the decrement in performance below that shown by control groups. The second experiment involved a visual task. Signal probability was held constant within sessions and artificial signal probability was increased. This also had the effect of reducing the performance decrement. The third experiment investigated the relationship between discrimination threshold and the vigilance decrement. Subjects' thresholds for discriminating between two visual stimuli were obtained by means of the PEST (Parameter Estimation by Sequential Testing) technique. A decrement in performance was found when subjects performed at a 75 or 60% correct level on the threshold task, but there was no decrement when subjects obtained 90% correct on the threshold task.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: High Volume Closed Loop Machining Simulation

contributor:
Veldhuis, S. C.
Mechanical Engineering

subject:
Mechanical Engineering
Mechanical Engineering

abstract:
Statistical Process Control (SPC) provides tools to monitor process quality and productivity. When coupled with closed loop control theory, SPC algorithms can be utilized to compensate for various error sources in stable, high volume, discrete part manufacturing processes. These error sources include environmental effects, tool wear, measurement, and material errors.

Closed loop machining cells must be analyzed from both Quality and Manufacturing Engineering perspectives for efficient and successful implementation. Discrete, stochastic, time event manufacturing simulation is used to analyze process organization, data flow and control system performance. SPC and Engineering Process Control (EPC) control algorithms are compared using data gathered from a high volume machining process involving steel turned components with a critical machined surface.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: Analysis of the role of CARM1 in telomere maintenance

contributor:
Zhu, Xu-Dong
Biology

subject: Biology Biology

abstract:
Recent data suggest that protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) plays a role in telomere length maintenance and telomere stability. PRMT1 has been shown to methylate the basic domain of TRF2 and depletion of PRMT1 leads to the formation of telomere doublets in primary cells and telomere shortening in cancer cells. Additionally mass spectrometry data suggest candidate arginine residues in TRF1 and TRF2 that are mono- or di-methylated. These data suggest that arginine methylation and thus PRMT enzymes may playa role in telomere biology.

Because PRMT1 has been shown to play a role in telomere maintenance, we decided to look for a role of another PRMT enzyme, coactivator associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1), on telomere biology. To determine if CARM1 plays a role in telomere length maintenance, hTERT-BJ cells were depleted for CARM1. Initially, a senescent phenotype was observed; however, this phenotype was not reproducible. Subsequently, I have shown that these cells do not accumulate telomere or genomic instability or a change in growth. To determine if CARM1 plays a role in telomere length maintenance, hTERT-BJ, HeLaII, and MCF-7 cells were depleted of CARM1 and cultured long term. Southern blot analysis indicated no change in telomere length dynamics over time upon depletion of CARM1 compared to control cells. Thus these results suggest that CARM1 does not playa role in telomere length maintenance.

The laboratory of Linger identified telomeres to be transcribed into telomere repeat-containing RNA termed TERRA. The mechanism of TERRA regulation is still to be elucidated. Because CARM1 is a transcriptional coactivator, we hypothesized that CARM1 play a role in TERRA transcription. Northern blot analysis conducted in hTERT-BJ and MCF-7 cells depleted of CARM1 revealed no role for CARM1 in TERRA regulation.

abstract: Master of Science (MS)


title: Drift of Black-fly Larvae and the Influence of Water-velocity, substrate Roughness and Incident Light Intensity on their Microdistribution (Diptera: Simuliidae)

contributor:
Davies, D.M.
Biology

subject: Biology Biology

abstract:
Part of this study was designed to examine diurnal drift of blackfly larvae of different species and stages. Larvae drifted more during the night, especially just after evening twilight. A sudden increase in water velocity also initiated larval drift. The re-establishment of drifting larvae was greater on rough rather than smooth surfaces but was not influenced by substrate colour.

Experiments were conducted to determine and compare the high and low water-velocity thresholds for larvae of different species and stages from different habitats. High current thresholds were those above which the larvae would be torn from the substrate, whereas low thresholds were those below which larvae ceased to filter feed statistically but began to crawl about.

The effect of different incident light intensities on micro-distribution of black-fly larvae was explored in artificial troughs using a graded series of plastic filters.

abstract: Master of Science (MS)


title: The Use of Polyvinylamine-supported TEMPO Oxidation in Wet-strengthening of Paper

contributor:
Pelton, Robert H.
Chemical Engineering

subject:
Chemical Engineering
Chemical Engineering

abstract:
Paper wet-strength is very important in many situations. Traditional wet strengthening agents such as formaldehyde-based resins and polyamide- epichlorohydrin (PAE) resins have been criticized to be a source of organochlorine compounds (l). This research aims at developing an efficient and environmental- friendly method to improve paper wet-strength. The new method combines the utilization of cellulose oxidation catalyzed by 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-l-piperidinyloxy (TEMPO) and the application of a new commercialized polymer, polyvinylamine (PYAm).

The TEMPO oxidation is known to introduce aldehyde and carboxyl groups on cellulose. In this research, an immobilized catalyst, polyvinylamine grafted TEMPO was synthesized and used for cellulose oxidation. The oxidation followed Anelli protocol, i.e. using NaCIO/NaBr as the primary oxidant. By using PVAm-TEMPO, we expect two advantages: a) upon adsorption onto fiber surfaces, PVAm-TEMPO could catalyze the oxidization locally and neighboring amines could then bond to the freshly formed aldehydes to impart strength. b) The oxidation catalyzed by immobilized TEMPO would be restricted to the exterior fiber surfaces because of the large size of PVAm-TEMPO. This will avoid the damage of fiber interior structures which is usually associated with free TEMPO oxidation and thus retain the fiber strength.

Wet cellulose-to-cellulose adhesion was evaluated by measuring the force required to separate two wet cellulose films laminated with PVAm. Cellulose wet-strength could be improved from almost 0 to 40 N/m if oxidation and PYAm addition were combined in a proper way. Three methods were developed to do this, namely: direct coating method, adsorption method and one step method.

Treatment conditions such as the optimum dosage of sodium bromide during oxidation and the best pressing temperature after PVAm application were investigated.

The catalytic activity of PVAm-TEMPO was demonstrated by the oxidation of methylglyoxal (a water-soluble aldehyde) in a membrane catalyst reactor. The supported TEMPO showed high reaction activity.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: Subtle Cues and Economic Games

contributor:
Daly, Martin
Psychology

subject: Psychology Psychology

abstract: Several recent studies have reported elevated levels of prosocial behaviour by participants experimentally exposed to images of eyes compared to those exposed to control images. I report the results of three economic games experiments in which participants exposed to images of eyes were no more generous, and in one case were significantly less generous, than those exposed to images of landscapes. I discuss the possible contributions to these results of subtle aspects of experimental stimuli and game structure, the relationship between participant and partner, methods of participant recruiting, and personality characteristics of participants.

abstract: Master of Science (MS)


title: Distributed Tracking with Probability Hypothesis Density Filters Using Efficient Measurement Encoding

contributor:
Kirubarajan, T.
Electrical and Computer Engineering

subject:
Electrical and Computer Engineering
Electrical and Computer Engineering

abstract: Probability Hypothesis Density (PHD) filter is a unified framework for multitarget tracking that provides estimates for a number of targets as well as individual target states. Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) implementation of a PHD filter can be used for nonlinear non-Gaussian problems. However, the application of PHD based state estimators for a distributed sensor network, where each tracking node runs its own PHD based state estimator, is more challenging compared with single sensor tracking due to communication limitations. A distributed state estimator should use the available communication resources efficiently in order to avoid the degradation of filter performance. In this thesis, a method that communicates encoded measurements between nodes efficiently while maintaining the filter accuracy is proposed. This coding is complicated in the presence of high clutter and instantaneous target births. This problem is mitigated using adaptive quantization and encoding techniques. The performance of the algorithm is quantified using a Posterior Cramér-Rao Lower Bound (PCRLB), which incorporates quantization errors. Simulation studies are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: Social Workers as Clients: Navigating and Situating Our Experiences as Insiders and Outsiders

contributor:
Sammon, S.
Social Work

subject:
Social Work
Social Work

abstract:
There are times during a person's adult life that one may require the services of a social worker. The journey through the social services system is often arduous and tedious for clients trying to navigate their way. This experience gets complicated when it is a social worker who requires social work services.

What do we do when we, as professionals, find ourselves requiring those very services that we support or within which we work? How supportive is our system for social workers who require social work services? How does the experience of being a client influence and shape our own practise?

This study endeavours to untangle the positions of social workers as clients within the social services system. In broadening our understanding of how these social workers have chosen to situate themselves in the discourse, we explore how they engaged with these various systems as clients and then journeyed back into the professional realm as social workers. This work includes data collected via online anonymous questionnaires as well as confidential personal interviews exploring social workers own accounts of their experiences when navigating the social services system.

I examine how this experience impacts social workers on a personal and professional level. Expectations and typical ways of practising are deconstructed when social workers tell their stories of being on the other side of the desk, including look at how our profession supports colleagues or classmates who require services within the social services system.

Encouraging our own clients to seek out services or to be comfortable with the process is often part of our professional discourse. However, when the tables are turned and it is a social worker who requires services, the experience and support they receive as a professionally informed client leaves much room for further study, and has implications for social work education.

abstract: Master of Social Work (MSW)


title: Movement of K⁺ across the Blood-Brain Barrier of the American Cockroach, Periplaneta americana

contributor:
O`Donnell, Michael J.
Biology

subject: Biology Biology

abstract: Several previous studies of the blood brain barrier (BBB) of the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana, have shown that it is involved in the regulation of K+ and Na+ flux across the ventral nerve cord (VNC). Na+ flux is regulated in part by a Na+/K+-ATPase but few mechanisms involved in the regulation of K+ flux have been identified. Using the scanning ion-selective electrode technique (SIET) K+ flux across the VNC can be measured. This technique was used to determine whether K+ flux is actively regulated and whether the BBB is involved in the regulation of K+ flux. An uptake of K+ is seen at the connectives and an efflux is seen at the ganglion under some conditions indicating cycling of K+ from the ganglion to the connective may be occurring. A Na+/K+-ATPase appears to contribute to an influx of K+ at the ganglion but not the connective. It is postulated that a K+/H+-exchanger is involved in maintaining K+ levels at the ganglion. The presence of K+-channels (possibly Ca2+-gated) was detected at both the ganglion and the connective, although it appears that K+-channels play a greater role in regulating K+ flux at the connective. These results provide insights into the basic mechanisms regulating ion flux across the cockroach VNC.

abstract: Master of Science (MS)


title: Tribological Characterization of Surface Engineered Tooling for Metal Cutting Applications

contributor:
Veldhuis, Stephen
Mechanical Engineering

abstract:
The objective of this research was to develop a bench scale apparatus (tribometer) for mimicking the friction and wear conditions on the rake face of a metal cutting tool. The motivation for this study was to save test material costs, reduce machine downtime for testing, increase the number of test replicates and effectively add a reliable testing tool to characterize metal cutting operations and coating performance. The tribometer provides useful results approximately 8 times faster than an industrial machine once all materials have been obtained.

This study focuses primarily on isolating and studying the adhesive conditions on the seizure zone of the rake face. The setup simulates subsurface plastic flow in high temperature, near seizure conditions. This unit was constructed as a modified Brinell hardness test. A spherical tipped pin (3mm diameter) made of tooling material and treated with a coating is loaded under high stress and high temperature into a flat disk made of the workpiece material. The disk then rotates. The pin is aligned such that it is on the axis of rotation of the disk to produce near zero seizure like velocity. A high resolution reaction torque sensor measures the friction stress. The test unit is capable of simulating normal stresses of 0-4GPa and temperatures from room temperature up to 700-800°C depending on the specimens and heating patterns required.

This study focused on coated and uncoated cemented carbide pins with 6% cobalt. The workpiece materials used were Ti6Al4V and Inconel 718. 2 cases were tested for each workpiece. First the uncoated pin was tested, followed by an AlTiN Xceed® coating from Oerlikon Balzers®. Research conducted on an industrial machine has shown positive correlations with the tribometer measurements and agrees with the findings of our colleague Dr. L.S. Shuster in Russia who uses a similar test setup. The wear of the coated samples was lower than the uncoated samples.

The coefficient of friction (COF) was found to be the most suitable parameter for calculating tool performance. In general, the tests completed by the MMRI and Dr. Shuster (Fox-Rabinovich, Yamamoto and Aguirre, et al. 2010) showed that COF in similar rake face seizure conditions of a cutting tool is in the range of 0.2 - 0.35. The MMRI tribometer COF is calculated as follows:

μMMRI=(3*MTOT)/(2*FN*RIND)=Ʈ/σ=FF/FN

Here MTOT is the reaction torque measured, FN is the normal load applied and RIND is the outer radius of the disk print whether a spherical imprint or a flat circular scratch. Temperature was found to be the most important variable affecting friction and it was also the most difficult variable to accurately measure. The interface temperature and the temperature gradient within the workpiece/disk material are the most significant thermal variables.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: BioMEMS Glucose Sensors

contributor:
Kleiman, Rafael N.
Engineering Physics

subject:
Engineering Physics
Engineering Physics

abstract:
Since creation of the first glucose sensor for diabetes management in the 1960s, there have been tremendous amount of research devoted to development of sensors suitable for continous in vivo measurement of blood glucose concentration. Such devices would significantly enhance life quality of patients allowing reliable continuous monitoring of their condition and timely administration of medications. Ultimately, it could be combined with an insulin pump to create automatic closed-loop system for tight control of blood glucose level.

Analysis of modern glucometers and issues with in vivo measurements suggests the need for a novel approach for glucose sensing. This thesis describes sensors that combine microcantilever transduction paradigm with two Syntactic receptors for glucose, boronic acids and molecular imprinted polymers. These artificial ligands give invaluable advantages of being tunable and very resistant to harsh chemical conditions that would be beneficial for implantable devices. To validate the experiment design and compare results with literature, cantilever sensors with glucose oxidase, an enzyme used in conventional glucometers, were also tested.

Cantilever sensors have got a significant attention of the scientific community during last decade. Microcantilevers have an amazing capability to link physical, chemical and biological domains with easily assessable mechanical movements. Such microscopic devices hold a promise of being versatile and very sensitive detectors, which performance scales up with miniaturization. Fabrication process is compatible with GMOS technology opening up an opportunity for low cost mass production.

In this work, the developed glucose cantilever sensors are tested in aqueous solution of glucose and their deflections are measured using an optical lever setup.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: "Russia Will Be Converted": The Fatima Crusade's Marian Apocalyptic Discourse During and After the Cold War

contributor:
Badone, Ellen E.F.
Religious Studies

subject: Religion Religion

abstract:
It is increasingly acknowledged in treatments of the Cold War that any definitive narrative regarding this historical period must account for the role of religion in the public discourse of the time. Yet limited attention is accorded to the role of more marginal Catholic devotional organizations and their voice in Cold War discourse, most notably in the North American context.

The Fatima Crusade is one such organization, founded in 1978 by Fr. Nicholas Gruner and based in Fort Erie, Ontario. Devoted to the serial apparitions of the Virgin Mary at Fatima, Portugal in 1917, the Fatima Crusade developed the call for Russia's conversion made explicit in Mary's revelations at Fatima into the focus for a peripheral yet extremely vocal conservative element of the Catholic Church in North America. This organization vehemently opposed Soviet Communism in the pages of its quarterly magazine during the latter years of the Cold War era.

Fr. Nicholas Gruner's Fatima Crusade, marked by its apocalyptic Marianism and conservative Catholicism, provides a privileged vantage-point from which to examine the role of religiously-informed ideology in fashioning an anti-Communist polemic during the Cold War era in North America. This thesis explores the Fatima Crusade's development of the Fatima messages into an authoritative Marian apocalyptic worldview, its conflicts with the Church hierarchy regarding the interpretation of these messages, and the Crusade's ability to adapt its message to the latest historical developments and social issues following the collapse of the Soviet Union. While the Crusade's greater emphasis on social issues after the end of the Cold War tapped into larger Protestant apocalyptic discourses in North America, it still constitutes the latest articulation of a distinct and long-standing Marian apocalyptic tradition in Roman Catholicism.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Pierre Vallieres' Account of the Place of the Roman Catholic Church in the History of Québec

contributor:
Grant, George P.
Religious Studies

subject: Religion Religion

abstract:
1. Scope of the Study

The-purpose of this thesis is to provide an in-depth study of those opinions of Pierre Vallières which deal with the place . which the Roman Catholic Church has in the history of Quebec. In the course of this study, some examination will be made into the opinions of some other thinkers who have written about Quebec. These people's views are important to the extent that they serve to help further the point of the thesis which is to explicate the position of Pierre Vallières.

The secondary material will help to establish in the reader's mind the over-all scope and nature of the topic under study. In a sense, it provides background information to Vallières' own thoughts. This material will indicate the complexity of the topic, and will give a clearer picture of that material of Vallières which is examined. In addition, these views will, in many ways, provide a contrast to those of Pierre Vallières, thereby giving to the reader a basis of comparison between the ideas of others and the ideas of Vallières.

I will pay greatest attention to the writings of Pierre Vallières, specifically his first book, Nègres blanks d'Amèrique. This particular book deals more with the Roman Catholic Church in Quebec than any of his other writings, including his second and only other book, L'urgence de choisir. Because of this fact, only minor attention will be given to Vallières writings other than Nègres blanks d'Amèrique. From those writings which are available, Nègres blanks d'Amèrique stands out as the prime source with regards to Pierre Vallières position on the Roman Catholic Church·in Quebec.

2. Purpose of the Study

Why is it important at this time to do a study of this type which deals with the opinions of someone like Pierre Vallières particularly as they pertain to the Roman Catholic Church in Quebec? There are two basic reasons which provide the answer to this question: (1) The Roman Catholic Church has always been a most important force in the development of French Canada. This is reflected in the strong influence it has had on the social conditions in Quebec. This religious institution more than any other significant organization has determined the type of culture -- including language, religion -- which the Québécois have always thought of as their own. In addition, it has been a most powerful force in determining the political developments in Quebec. Thus, the Roman Catholic Church should be examined because it has been central to the development of various aspects of French Canadian life. (2) The views of Pierre Vallières are particularly important because of the significant role he has played in the movements of protest -- in both the religious and political spheres -- which are fermenting in present day Quebec. Pierre Vallières -- the man's ideas, and, as well, his lived-world involvement -- represents a model of the forces of change that have affected Quebec. For one thing, he represents a new generation of French Canadians whose ideas, beliefs and customs are very different from those held by past generations. Many members of the new generation look to Pierre Vallières as the one who most clearly expresses the ideas which they hold to be true -- this was especially true during the fifties and sixties which were the decades of most turbulent ferment and change.

In Nègres blancs d'Amérique, Vallières integrates a condemnation of the traditional societal patterns in Quebec with a condemnation of the Roman Catholic Church in Quebec. By doing so, he states what many Québécois believe to be true about their own society. Those Québécois who have turned away from the R.oman Catholic Church and have opted for ways which are basically secular and, at times, anti-clerical, often identify with the opinions expressed by Pierre Vallières. Indeed, it also seems to be true that many Québécois who continue to believe in the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church have come to identify with much which Pierre Vallieres states concerning, Quebec. In some ways, Nègres blancs d'Amérique can be viewed as a handbook for these various types of dissidents, for the changing attitudes regarding traditional ideas, beliefs and customs are reflected in the pages of this book.

Thus, the views of Pierre Vallières, which are concerned with a number of topics pertinent to Quebec and her history, but, above all, with the. religious and political spheres of activity, are important because they are in a broad way representative of the beliefs of many contemporary Québécois.

To examine the thoughts of Pierre Vallières is a relevant and important task, since these·thoughts are pertinent in a central way to the over-all pattern of behaviour which the Quebecois of today are coming to adopt as their own. Vallières and others like him are rebelling against a strong force of traditionalism which has had a great influence on the character of Quebec for so many years. This traditionalism has, in large measure, placed the Roman Catholic Church at its centre to the extent that the Church has become the guiding force of the tradition. The importance which the Roman Catholic Church has had in Quebec is reason enough for a study of that role. To do so through the eyes of someone like Pierre Vallières is all the more valuable since in many ways it involves a bringing together of the old and the new. The old, in this case, is the Roman Catholic Church in Quebec, while the new concerns those citizens of modern-day Quebec who express their reaction to the Roman Catholic Church in secular political terms. p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 11.0px Times} span.s1 {font: 9.0px Helvetica} span.s2 {font: 9.5px Helvetica}

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: MULTISPECTRAL BIOLUMINESCENCE TOMOGRAPHY WITH X-RAY CT SPATIAL PRIORS

contributor:
Patterson, Michael S.
Dr. Tom Farrell, Dr. Troy Farncombe
Dr. Tom Farrell, Dr. Troy Farncombe
Medical Physics

subject:
Biomedical Optics
Diffuse Optical Tomography
Tissue Optical Properties
Optics
Optics

abstract:
Small animal imaging is a valuable tool in preclinical biomedical research which relies on the use of animal models to understand human disease. Newly emerging optical imaging techniques such as bioluminescence tomography offer an inexpensive and sensitive alternative to more established imaging technologies. These techniques are capable of non-invasively imaging a variety of cellular and molecular processes in vivo. As an emerging technology, current bioluminescence imaging methods suffer from several limitations, preventing them from reaching their full potential.

In this work, we describe the design and characterization of an integrated imaging system capable of multispectral bioluminescence tomography (BLT), diffuse optical tomography (DOT), and X-ray computed tomography (CT). The system addresses many of the inherent problems encountered in planar bioluminescence imaging techniques, allowing for the recovery of more accurate and quantitative bioluminescence data. The integrated X-ray CT scanner provides anatomical information which aids in the visualization and localization of the recovered bioluminescence distributions and also helps to constrain the inverse reconstruction in the diffuse optical tomography system. It was found that the inclusion of spatial priors from X-ray CT improved the reconstructed image quality dramatically. Four image reconstruction algorithms were evaluated for their ability to recover the effective attenuation coefficients of a series of test phantoms. Two of the algorithms (a modified Levenberg-Marquardt method, and a single-step Tikhonov method) did not use any a priori spatial information. Two other algorithms (hard priors and soft priors) used a priori structural information from X-ray CT to constrain the reconstruction process. The two methods incorporating spatial prior information resulted in recovered optical property distributions with RMS errors ranging from 8 % to 15 % in a series of test phantoms versus errors of 11 % to 26 % for non-spatial methods. The soft priors method was shown to be more resilient to imperfect a priori information.

The multispectral BLT component was used to recover accurate bioluminescence distributions in test phantoms using a priori background optical properties recovered from the DOT system. Multispectral measurements were shown to provide an accurate method for estimating the position of a bioluminescence source due to the wavelength dependent attenuation of tissue. Experimental measurements are presented which explore the importance of accurate estimates of background optical properties in BLT. The hard spatial prior method was found to provide the best overall recovery of total source strength, position, and fidelity at all source depths up to 12.5 mm. The total source strength was recovered to within 8 %, while the source position was recovered to within 0.16 mm in all cases. Errors in recovered power and position showed no dependence on depth up to the maximum of 12.5 mm.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Non-Linear Self-consistent Calculation of the Electron Density Distribution in Metallic Lithium

contributor:
Carbotte, J.P.
Physics

subject: Physics Physics

abstract:
An approximate non-linear self-consistent calculation of the charge density distribution about a point charge of Z=3, appropriate to lithium, imbedded in an electron gas of mean density equal to the free electron gas density of metallic lithium has been carried out. The major difference between this and previous work on lithium now in the literature is the manner in which the two core electrons have been treated. The previous work simply considered the screened potential of an Li⁺ ion and solved for the "valence" charge density in the presence of that potential. The present procedure has included these bound electrons in obtaining self-consistency; these states therefore have the wave functions appropriate to the metal instead of the free atom.

We have also gone beyond the previous work in that approximate corrections for correlation as well as exchange effects among the electrons have been included.

Because the neighbouring ions present in the solid affect the electron charge distribution, these results represent an approximation to the true density distribution of the metal. However, to a large extent, the ions are well separated, so this is expected to be a reasonable approximation, in particular in regions very near the ion. Because of this, the results are used to calculate the Knight shift, and good agreement with experiment is obtained.

abstract: Master of Science (MS)


title: ASSESSING INFORMATION AND TREATMENT DECISION-MAKING NEEDS OF PATIENTS WITH LOCALLY RECURRENT PROSTATE CANCER

contributor:
Bryant-Lukosius, Denise
Ingram, Carolyn
Dr. Margaret Black and Dr. Nancy Carter
Nursing

subject:
needs assessment
treatment decision aids
Grand River Regional Cancer Centre
Juravinski Cancer Centre
Delphi survey
Nursing
Oncology
Nursing

abstract:
Introduction. Treatment decisions for locally recurrent prostate cancer are difficult due to the number of available treatment options, varied evidence about their effectiveness and differences in side effects. It has been shown that decision aids improve information delivery and patient confidence in treatment decision-making.

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to identify and describe the decisional support needs of men with locally recurrent prostate cancer.

Methods. A two-phase descriptive needs assessment study employing both quantitative and qualitative methods was conducted to identify and describe the treatment decision-making needs of men with recurrent prostate cancer. Through a two-round Delphi process in Phase 1, physician consensus on treatment options for the decision aid was established. Phase 2 involved patient interviews to determine treatment decision-making needs.

Results. Oncologists and patients agreed that the treatment decision-making process took time, and may take several months. Some patients described feelings of regret and/or uncertainty about their treatment decision. Individualized patient needs for information and support were recognized. Key barriers to effective treatment decision-making included information overload and lack of access to unbiased information sources. Establishing a centralized information resource such as nurse-led information sessions was recommended by patients.

Conclusions. Treatment decision-making is time consuming for oncologists and patients. Despite these efforts, patients report unmet information needs and are not always confident in their treatment decision. Time efficient and effective ways of improving patient confidence in treatment decision-making, as well as implications for nursing practice and future research are discussed.

abstract: Master of Science in Nursing (MSN)


title: Elementary function evaluation using New Hardware Instruction

contributor:
Anand, Christopher
Computing and Software

subject:
Computer Engineering
Computer Sciences
Software Engineering
Computer Engineering

abstract:
In this thesis, we present novel fast and accurate hardware/ software implementations of the elementary math functions based on range reduction, e.g. Berner's multiplicative reduction and Gal's accurate table methods. The software implementations are branch free , because the new instructions we are proposing internalize the control flow associated with handling exceptional cases.

These methods provide an alternative to common iterative methods of computing reciprocal, square root and reciprocal square root. These methods could be applied to any rationalpower operation. These methods require either the precision available through fused multiply-accumulate instructions or extra working precision in registers. We also extend the range reduction methods to include trigonometric and inverse trigonometric functions.

The new hardware instructions enable exception handling at no additional cost in execution time, and scale linearly with increasing superscalar and SIMD widths. Based on reduced instruction, constant counts, and reduced register pressure we would recommend that optimizing compilers always in-line such functions, further improving performance by eliminating function-call overhead.

On the Cell/B.E. SPU, we found an overall 234% increase in throughput for the new table-based methods, with increased accuracy.

The research reported in the thesis has resulted in a patent application [AESIO], filed jointly with IBM.

abstract: Master of Science (MS)


title: Stable Carbon And Oxygen Isotopes In Bone – Tracing Droughts During The Maya Era Using Archaeological Deer Remain

contributor:
Schwarcz, Henry P.
Geography and Earth Sciences

subject:
Earth Sciences
Geography
Earth Sciences

abstract:
In this study, the potential of using white-tailed deer archaeological bones as an additional climatic proxy to track droughts in the Maya area at a very local scale is assessed.

The oxygen and carbon isotopic compositions (δ18O and δ13C) on chronological series of numerous white-tailed deer bones, excavated from three Maya archaeological sites (Piedras Negras and Motul de San Jose, Peten region, Guatemala, and Lamanai, Orange Walk district, Belize) have been measured.

It is considered that the isotopic composition of deer bones reflects a multi-year average of relative humidity and local precipitation amounts (δl8O ) as well as environmental conditions such as the type of food ingested by the animal (δ13C). The aim of the present work was principally to delineate the conceptual background needed to replace the obtained isotopic values in their context and understand their signification.

The results of geochemical analyses of deer bones are considered as reliable, in accordance with predicted values. However, the number of analyzed bones must be sufficient to accurately describe the variations of past climate variations. The major findings of this study are: (1) the use of Fourier Transform Infra Red spectroscopy is not a reliable way to detect diagenetically altered samples, (2) the climate during the apogee of the Classic Maya period was more variable than today, with more extremes pluri-annual wet and dry conditions, (3) no significantly dry climatic conditions occurred at the time the city of Piedras Negras started to decline and (4) dry conditions were probably responsible of the final abandonment of the site.

abstract: Master of Science (MS)


title: Cyclic Fatigue Behaviour of Wrought AZ80 Magnesium Alloy from Forged Automotive Wheel

contributor:
Niewczas, Marek
Materials Science and Engineering

abstract: Wrought AZ80 magnesium alloy from a spoke of forged automotive wheel was subjected to high cycle fatigue to study its fatigue properties and to understand the relationship between the material substructure and fatigue life. The results reveal that in axial tension-compression S-N testing the spoke material exhibits an endurance limit of 98MPa and a sharp bend in the S-N curve. Fracture surface observation by SEM revealed rapid crack growth after crack nucleation with micro voids and angled secondary cracks throughout. XRD analysis revealed a strong material texture beneficial to basal slip activation before and after fatiguing, with small amounts of refinement after cycling and no signs of twinning. TEM observations of samples cycled at high stress and stresses above and below the endurance limit revealed a large difference in the dislocation substructures developed, which may relate to the sharp bend in the S-N curve.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: The Effects of Limited Stimulus Information on Word Processing

contributor:
Levy, Betty Ann
Psychology

subject: Psychology Psychology

abstract: Word and pseudowords were tachistoscopically presented to subjects who had to verify as fast as possible whether the items were members of large or small semantic categories and to decide whether or not the items were in fact words. A dictionary model of word processing was tested, once at the respective thresholds for making wordness and semantic decisions and once at longer presentation times for purposes of comparison to other studies. Response latencies suggest that at short presentation times, when processing is not allowed to advance to the semantic level, a dictionary process seems plausible, whereas at long presentation times retrieval of semantic information may originate from stored categories of words. Final recognition data suggest that items paired with the wordness questions were not processed to as "deep" a level as items paired with the 'semantic questions.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Association Zen de Montréal: A Case Study in Sōtō Zen Nonviolence

contributor:
Rowe, Mark
Religious Studies

subject: Religion Religion

abstract:
In this thesis, I address the popular idea that Buddhism is a religion of nonviolence through the case study of a Sōtō Zen Buddhist group in Montréal, Canada. I focus on the following question: Is nonviolence a major concern for practitioners at the Association Zen de Montréal (AZM), and, if yes, why? I first examine Zen Buddhist violence and nonviolence scripturally and historically to show that both trends are present in the tradition. I also address the way in which the founder of the AZM, Deshimaru Taisen, presented his actions during the Fifteen-Year War to his Western followers. After providing ethnographic details about the group and its mother organization, the Association Zen Internationale (AZI), I turn to a discussion of the possible models of nonviolence in Deshlmaru's writings. I then turn to practitioners' own views of the relation between their Zen practice and nonviolence.

I demonstrate that although nonviolence is not a defining characteristic of the AZM, practitioners do not hesitate to advance that Zen has a nonviolence impact on their lives. Furthermore, I argue that the variety of responses to the topic of nonviolence in this group is best explained by looking at the different discourses present in their views. These are the Western traditions such as analytic psychology, Romanticism, and Enlightenment thinking, the modern discourse on Zen produced in the post-Meiji years, and Deshimaru's own personality and behaviour, still emulated by his close disciples. Finally, the fact that Deshimaru never articulated a clear stance on nonviolence also helps explain why individuals possess different views on nonviolence.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Dual Modifier Adaptation Methodology For the On-line Optimization of Uncertain Processes

contributor:
Chachuat, Benoit
Chemical Engineering

abstract:
The current industry standard in real-time optimization (RTO) is the two-step method. In this approach, mismatch between the plant and process model is compensated for by continuously updating a subset of the parameters in the process model. It is suitably resistant to measurement noise, however it is not guaranteed to move toward the plant optimum if structural plant-model mismatch exists. Due to this deficiency, a number of alternative methods have been developed over the years, including ISOPE and modifier adaptation. These methods, however, utilize plant derivative information, which must be estimated because a precise plant model is typically not known in practice. This makes these methods particularly susceptible to measurement noise. Therefore, in this thesis, the development of an RTO technology which is both optimum seeking and resistant to measurement noise is considered.

This research can be separated into two parts. In the first phase, the current state-of-the-art modifier adaptation algorithm is modified by employing Broyden's method to estimate the plant output derivatives. A pair of deficiencies of Broyden's method are then detailed, and a modification to the algorithm, designed to mitigate these deficiencies, is proposed. This consists of the inclusion of additional constraints in the model-based optimization problem, designed to limit both offset and variance in the Broyden derivative estimates. Since the new algorithm possesses two distinct goals, optimality and the accuracy of the Broyden estimates, it is referred to as dual modifier adaptation.

In the second phase of this research, the design of dual modifier adaptation systems is considered. The design methodology is built around the design cost criterion, a metric which had previously been developed for the two-step approach of RTO. The calculation procedure for the metric is adapted in this research in order to address dual modifier adaptation systems. In addition, an approach designed to compute the constraint back-off necessary to ensure a certain level of feasibility is developed.

The concepts discussed in both the first and second phases of the research are illustrated using the Williams-Otto Reactor case study. This is a benchmark problem that has been used in the RTO literature for many years. A more involved case study, a propane furnace, is introduced in the last main chapter of this thesis. Both the performance of the dual modifier adaptation algorithm itself and the design of dual modifier adaptation systems are discussed for this case study.

abstract: Master of Engineering (ME)


title: Haunted England: Dickens and the Gothic Imagination

contributor:
Ferns, H.J.
English

abstract:
Historically, the Gothic, both in its plastic and literary manifestations, may be broadly defined as a reactive aesthetic movement--reactive against classicism, Reason and, most importantly, social convention. Typically, the Gothic imagination, as exhibited in eighteenth-century Romantic fiction, seeks out sensations which are morally and psychologically aberrant, and experiences which are sometimes flagrantly anti-social, these predilections expressing a grave mistrust of the status quo and, at the same time, an angst at having lost a coherent ethical framework. This thesis attempts to gauge the artistic, intellectual and emotional impact of the Gothic tradition on Dickens the social critic. My intent essentially is to set Dickens within the general context of dark Romanticism, to demonstrate how he exploits the "horrid" imagery (ghosts, corpses, corruption) and melodramatic narrative technique of Gothic romance quite as competently as any sensation novelist, yet turns them to the account of a dedicated
Victorian social conscience. I focus primarily on Bleak House, probably Dickens's most emphatically "Romantic" novel, but also take some note of his earlier and later career.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Adlocutiones: Imperial Addresses to the Roman Army (27 B.C. - A.D. 235)

contributor:
Haley, Evan W.
Classics

subject: Classics Classics

abstract:
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Despite the large corpus of scholarly writing about the Roman army, the military address to the troops, or adlocutio, has not been studied at length. In an age lacking means of mass communication, the ceremony of adlocutio served as an important tool of the emperors, providing them with the opportunity to convey messages directly to large groups of army personnel in a single speech. The first chapter focuses on the setting, audience, and occasions for the speeches, as well as the important concept of the emperor as commilito or fellow-soldier. In order to better discuss the only substantial surviving text of an imperial speech to the army, chapter two examines Hadrian's early military career before looking at the setting for the address at Lambaesis and then the content of the emperor's speech. The conventions of the adlocutio including the use of gestures and body language, major themes, and common trends in vocabulary are explored in chapter three. Conclusions about the importance, frequency, and common features of the adlocutio complete this study ofthe imperial speeches to the Roman army.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Verification of programs with Z3

contributor:
Janicki, Ryszard
Computing and Software

subject:
Software Engineering
Software Engineering

abstract: Fixing the errors in programs is usually very labor-intensive and thus an expensive task. It is also known to be prone to human error thus not fully reliable. There have been many methods of program verification developed, however they still require a lot of human input and interaction throughout the process. There is an increasing need for an automated software verification tool that would reduce human interaction to the minimum. Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT) solvers, a series of SAT-solvers such as Z3 looked initially to be a proper and easy to use tool. Its syntax is fairly uncomplicated and it seems to be quite efficient. In this thesis, Z3 is used to find loop invariants, prove some properties of concurrent programs written in Owicki-Gries style and prove some properties of recursive programs. It appears that - in general- Z3 does not work as well as expected in all areas to which it was applied.

abstract: Master of Science (MS)


title: Growth of Sister Nuclei in Binucleate Cells Induced by Treatment with Methylxanthines

subject: Biology Biology

abstract:
The responses of primary root cells of Vicia faba to two methylxanthines, 8-ethoxycaffeine and 3-isobutyl-1 methylxanthine were compared. The object was to determine whether or not the binucleate condition, induced by treatment with methylxanthines, could be used to estimate cell cycle duration in a marked subpopulation of cells. Binucleate cells induced by EOC did not divide; about 75% of those induced by IBMX had a cell cycle duration of 15-16 hours, i.e. close to the duration estimated for fast cycling cells.

Methylxanthines may also induce other effects, e.g. (1) chromatid stickiness and tetraploid nucleus formation, (2) depression of mitotic index EOC and IBMX differed in their ability to induce these changes.

Using binucleate cells, nuclear growth was followed throughout interphase. Nuclei did not grow continuously throughout interphase; there was a period of little or no growth initially and then a period in which the nuclei contracted. In IBMX induced binucleate cells, nuclear growth occurred and was rapid in the 2 hours prior to the entry of nuclei into mitosis. The other aspect of nuclear growth that was studied concerned the relative growth of the two sister nuclei of a binucleate cell. Sister nuclei were rarely of identical volumes.

In most cases, large differences were seen between sister nuclei; these differences were maintained throughout interphase and into prophase. Nuclear shape changed during interphase but sister nuclei in a binucleate cell tended to have the same shape. The change in nuclear shape and the volume differences between sister nuclei are discussed in terms of nucleo-cytoplasmic interactions and the origin of the differential behaviour of sister nuclei present in a common cytoplasm.

abstract: Master of Science (MS)


title: A Critical Examination of Arthur Koestler's Darkness at Noon

contributor:
Aziz, M.
English

abstract:
In Darkness at Noon the third person narrative and the structure of the story itself are dictated solely by the polemical intent. Koestler wants to force the reader to relive Rubashov's struggle to maintain his individual identity despite overwhelming pressure to adopt that of the Communist Party. His intellect is already so molded to this group that only in his emotions, most of which he has repressed, can he find the seeds of his authentic self. The narrative technique encourages the reader to view the story through the aperture of this inner self but when Rubashov shifts his centre of consciousness to his reasoning persona the reader's perspective is destroyed, along with much of the moral and aesthetic force of the novel.

The unconscious as a subject invites the use of symbols. Those of Koestler grow naturally out of, the facts of his story; they even reinforce one another, and spawn related images until some passages approach allegory. They are also useful litmus papers for detecting the emotional attachment to Marxist ideology Koestler retains.

In this novel Koestler dramatizes his arguments by embodying all those he wants us to approve in Rubashov and all those he wants us to doubt in the Party; thus he controls our responses very precisely. But the split in Rubashov designed to clarify Koestler's ideas also destroys his human quality and so undermines the tragedy of Darkness
at Noon.

It is not the didacticism but the subject matter of this novel that undercuts its aesthetic quality. The narrative technique pulls the reader inside Rubashov's emotions but when Rubashov loses contact with this self, the reader loses his window on events and his
concern about them. And, in a novel about individual freedom, the process of making explicit the normally implicit motives of an individual celebrates the philosophy of determinism rather than freedom. However, the loss of the reader's connection with the centre of consciousness and the difficulty of communicating the nature of freedom are overcome by the fascination of the contradictory emotions aroused by the ideas in Darkness at Noon.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Formability and Failure of Automotive Sheet Material AA5754

contributor:
Wilkinson, David S.
Jain, Mukesh
Materials Science and Engineering

abstract:
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The production of aluminum sheet material can follow two distinct processing routes: the conventional semi-continuous process referred to as direct-chill (or DC) casting and, more recently, the continuous casting process (CC). The variation in processing routes can affect the alloy's microstructure, specifically in terms of particle size distribution and the concentration of alloying elements in solid solution, which can alter the materials mechanical properties. Therefore, the formability and fracture behaviour of AA5754 automotive sheet material in the O-temper, produced via two different processing routes, CC and DC casting, has been investigated by the use of the forming limit diagram (FLD).

An in-plane forming test, developed by Marciniak (1973) was used to determine p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 11.5px Times; color: #202020} p.p2 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 11.5px Times; color: #383838} span.s1 {color: #383838} span.s2 {color: #525252} span.s3 {color: #6c6c6c} span.s4 {color: #202020}

the intrinsic forming limits of the two materials, while full-field strain mapping based on

digital image correlation analysis was used to follow the inhomogeneous plastic flow

behaviour. As a result, PLC deformation bands were observed and their influence as

geometric imperfections to initiate premature failure was shown to be dependent on the

strain path. In addition, post-necking and fracture observations were used to understand

the influence of microstructural variations and inhomogeneities on the total ductility of

AA5754, in terms of the two processing routes.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: The Sacred Tree in Ancient Greek Religion

contributor:
Slater, W.
Classical Studies

subject:
Classical Studies
Classics
Classics

abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine the role played by the tree cult in the religion of the ancient Greeks, and to discuss various aspects and instances of tree worship which survived into the Classical period and later. By this means it is to some extent possible to deduce information regarding the form and character of the religion practised by the early inhabitants of Greece, particularly in the prehistoric period, when tree worship began. To this end, various general remarks have been included on the subject of tree worship as it was manifested in ancient Greek religion, as well as a more detailed account given of three cults in which the tree cult survived in association with the deities venerated there. These were the cults of Artemis Orthia at Sparta, Helen at Therapnai, and Hera at Samos.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Task of Jacques Ellul: A Proclamation of Biblical Faith as Requisite for Understanding the Modern Project

contributor:
Grant, G.P.
Religion

subject: Religion Religion

abstract:
This thesis considers the major social analyses and studies of the Bible undertaken by the French scholar Jacques Ellul -- under the rubric of his understanding of the Christian doctrine of the two realms. The first chapter examines Enull's own perception of his task as an intellectual layman, participating in the work of the Church. Then the rest of the thesis deals with the way in which he proceeds. It is divided into two parts that analyze, in some detail ,his approaches to A) proper sociological descriptions of the technological society and B) the Bible which is the source for his comprehension of what is at stake in this society. The two parts come together in his reflections that the bible does speak to the world that we are currently trying to build.

The purpose of this examination is, first, to clarify what Ellul is attempting to accomplish. Secondly, it seeks to demonstrate the underlying unity that anchors the main strands of his thought. Thirdly, although no complete assessment is intended, the thesis suggests that Ellul's main contribution lies in the challenge he presents to the modem world d from the centre of the Protestant sola scripture tradition.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: The Notion Of The State In Aristotle and Confucius

contributor:
Georgiadis, C.
Philosophy

subject: Philosophy Philosophy

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Detribalization and Racial Conflict as Major Themes in Peter Abrahams' African Writings

contributor:
Bishop, Alan
English

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: User Adoption of Interface Agents for Electronic Mail

contributor:
Detlor, Brian
Business Administration

subject: Business Administration

subject: Business Administration, Management, and Operations

abstract:
This dissertation addresses the issue of user adoption of interface agents for electronic mail (email). Interface agents are reactive, continuous, collaborative, and autonomous software entities that act on a user's behalf by communicating directly with a person offering assistance and advice in performing computer-related activities. The study presents and empirically validates a model that describes user adoption behavior, offers insights on important features of this technology from the end-user perspective, reports on critical incidents of agent usage, and offers recommendations for developers and marketers.

As means of investigating this phenomenon, a survey of actual users of an interface agent-based email system was conducted. Emphasis was placed on identifying user needs and key factors that influence their adoption decisions. Data analysis involved quantitative and qualitative techniques (Partial Least Squares, descriptive statistics, classical content analysis). An extended version of the Technology Acceptance Model was introduced and tested, and the user context surrounding email agent adoption was explored. Survey findings suggest that existing management information systems and social sciences theories, models, and methodologies may be fruitfully applied to investigate user adoption of novel interface agent technologies.

By combining and synthesizing results of a deductive and inductive analysis of the survey data, a new, grand model of interface agents adoption and use is suggested that is the central contribution of this research. According to this model, in voluntarily usage conditions, two general types of factors influence user adoption behavior - user perceptions and agent operability. User perceptions are either positive or negative mental reflections of several properties of an agent, such as perceived enjoyment, usefulness, ease of use, intrusiveness, and attractiveness. Agent operability embraces factors pertaining to operational characteristics of an agent, such as compatibility, system interference, reliability, and personalization.

Findings also suggest that to foster the diffusion of highly useful agent systems, developers and marketers need to become aware of the importance of individual user characteristics, enhance their understanding of factors influencing people's adoption decisions, and demonstrate the functionality of interface agents through non-agent technologies.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Transnational and Transcultural Desires: Representations of National/Cultural Identities of South Asian North American Female Sexualities

contributor:
Goellnicht, Donald C.
English

subject:
English Language and Literature
English Language and Literature

abstract: This study considers how South Asian North American female writers aliiculate identity formation. While subjectivity has been a discursively explosive topic in postcolonial alld feminist studies, the intersections of gender, race, and sexuality as it relates to South Asian women of the North American diaspora remains overlooked as a subject of sustained query. Addressing the ways in which European colonialism enforced the construction of a European 'Self and a non-white 'Other,' my study explores how South Asian North American women negotiate issues of racial privilege and oppression within their interracial relationships, and considers how these relationships inform their identities. Chapter 1 ("Normalcy, Desire, and Orientalism in Heteronormative Interracial Relationships") investigates how racism and colonialism affect the politics of desire and identification in the heteronormative relationships depicted by Sharmeen Khan alld Tanuja Desai Hidier. Chapter 2 ("Normalcy, Desire, and Orientalism in Same-Sex Interracial Relationships") explores how Shani Mootoo's Cereus Blooms at Night, Almie Dijkstra's "Colombo to Haputale," and Suniti Namjoshi and Gillian Hanscombe's Flesh and Paper articulate desire and subjectivity in same-sex interracial relationships. Concerned with issues of the body, subjectivity, and space, Chapter 3 ("The Simultaneity of Geography, The Confines of the Body, and Forging a Space of Possibility") considers how the aforementioned writers attempt to create alternative subjectivities and spaces that oppose Orientalism.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Site of the Struggle: Colonialism, Violence, and the Captive Body

contributor:
Walmsley, Peter
English

abstract:
This thesis examines the ways in which the bodies of British captives among Native North American peoples in the mid- to late eighteenth century become sites of violence that implicate British colonial practices and policy, as well as domestic systems of discipline and justice. The captivity narratives which inform this work are from the period beginning in the mid-1750s and ending shortly before the American Revolution; these years witnessed arguably the most intense and widespread conflicts between First Nations and European powers than at any other time in the century. The narratives produced during this time reflect this heightened violence, and as such have long been dismissed as anti-Aboriginal propaganda or hyperbolic spectacles of violence meant to excite or elicit sympathy from the reading public. When considered in their colonial context, however, they become much more ambivalent documents.

The first chapter traces the moments of capture, or "forced contact," throughout several narratives in an attempt to establish the economies of exchange and violence that circulate captive bodies even before they are taken into "Indian" hands. Chapter two examines the strategies of representation employed by the captives, including stereotypes and scenes of torture, and suggests that these methods implicate the British themselves in Indian savagery. Finally, the last chapter looks at the ways in which captives "go native," despite the seeming lack of (willing) transculturation in the narratives as a whole.

The captivity narrative is frequently considered to be a uniquely North American form of writing that announced the emergence of American writing and subjectivity. This thesis argues instead that they must be considered within the context of British colonialism, and to a certain degree within the broader, global captivity geme. Only then can their role as conflicted accounts of aggressive European expansion be fully assessed.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Dispositional Antecedents of Leader-Member Exchange and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour: A Process Perspective

contributor:
Hackett, Rick D.
Business Administration

subject: Business Administration

abstract: While dispositional antecedents to organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB) have been established, scant attention has been given to the interpersonal and attitudinal processes that may mediate the effects of personality on OCB. Similarly, we know little with respect to the influence of supervisor and subordinate personality on leader-member-change quality (LMX). In this study, a path analytic model was developed and tested in which the effects of leader and follower personality attributes on LMX quality were hypothesized to be mediated through cognitive (role ambiguity), perceptual (perceived similarity), and affective (subordinate affect toward supervisor) variables. The model also positions LMX as mediating the effects of these cognitive, perceptual, and affective variables on job satisfaction and OCB. Structural Equation Modeling supported the hypothesized model. Results were consistent with both affective and role definition process explanations for LMX development. There was particularly strong support for the role of follower affect in mediating the influence of LMX on OCB. The theoretical and applied significance of these findings are discussed.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Photochemistry of Triphenylmethylcyclopentadiene

contributor:
Warkentin, J.
Chemistry

subject: Chemistry Chemistry

abstract: The products and mechanism of the photolytic rearrangement of the equilibrium mixture of triphenylmethylcyclopentadienes have been studied. Direct irradiation of the equilibrium mixture of triphenylmethylcyclopentadienes yields 5,6,6-triphenylibicyclo{3.1.0} hex-2-ene. Photolysis with a triplet sensitizer yields dimeric products in addition to 5,6,6-triphenylbicyclo{3.1.0}hex-2-ene. Thermolytic isomerization of 5,6,6-triphenylbicyclo{3.1.0}hex-2-ene is reported. The predominant isomer in the equilibrium mixture of triphenylmethylcyclopentadiene has been established as 2-triphenylmethylcyclopentadiene.

abstract: Master of Science (MS)


title: Employment Equity and Organizational Diversity Performance: The Role of CEOs' Characteristics and Commitment

contributor:
Jain, Harish C.
Business Administration

subject: Business Administration

abstract: This thesis investigated how Chief Executive Officers' (CEOs) commitment to managing diversity and perceptions of that commitment affect actual diversity practices and outcomes in organizations. Data were collected in a field survey from 196 Canadian organizations covered under the federal employment equity programs. The results indicate that CEOs' personal attributes such as individual values, cognition about diversity, and leadership styles affect their commitment to managing diversity. Moreover, subordinates' perceptions ofCEOs' commitment were more important than CEOs' self-reported commitment in predicting actual diversity practices and outcomes. CEOs' commitment to diversity also accounted for more explained variance in the adoption of diversity management than environmental factors, suggesting that the environment is limited in determining organizational diversity practices. This thesis concluded that although there are strong institutional pressures to implement employment equity, organizational decision makers exercise strategic choice in the way they respond to these pressures.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Buyer-Supplier Relationships and the Adoption of Business-to-Business Electronic Marketplaces

contributor:
Archer, Norman P.
Business

subject:
Adoption
Buyer-Supplier Relationships
Electronic Marketplaces
Case Studies
Business
Business

abstract:
Despite the high expectations that researchers and practitioners had for business-to- business electronic marketplaces (EMs), EMs have not prospered, for reasons that are not well understood. Research to this point on EM adoption is very limited due to their quickly changing nature and the complexity of the issue, which involves multiple economic, political and technical factors at both macro and micro levels.

EM adoption and buyer-supplier relationships are related. Buyer-supplier relationships play an important role in firms' EM adoption decisions since businesses are not willing to change their current relationships with trading partners to adopt EMs and their support functionalities, such as auctions, reverse auctions, transaction support, etc. The adoption of EMs also impacts buyer-supplier relationships. A framework is proposed in this thesis to investigate these mentioned issues. A buyer-supplier relationship perspective is adopted to investigate EM adoption, and both the economic and power dimensions of buyer-supplier relationships are examined. It is proposed that power can speed up the adoption of EM functionalities and that the effect of power is moderated by market structure. Some important contingencies are suggested that underlay buyer supplier relationships, such as transaction uncertainty, transaction frequency, transaction specific investment, complexity of product description and non-contractible factors, and it is proposed that they are likely to affect choice of functionality. At the same time, it is proposed that EMs can make short-term relationships efficient and long-term relationships effective. It is also proposed that the use of EMs causes varying degrees of satisfaction of participants with their online trading partners.

A case study approach was adopted to examine the framework. A total of five EMs and some of their participating buyers and suppliers were studied to validate the propositions. Some important findings are reported. The first finding was that the classification of EMs should not be a dichotomy, but a continuum. It was also found that complexity of product description could not explain why companies choose to use different functionalities, since simple products tended to be involved in EM trading, in all the functionalities that we studied. It was confirmed that relationship efficiency and effectiveness gains were moderated by the drawbacks of EMs and the lack of participant system and process integration into EM systems. Finally, based on the results of the case studies and the confirmed propositions, a refined framework is presented and described.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: At the Root of the Teeth: An Investigation of the Healing Power of Interpersonal and Familial Relationships in Zadie Smith's White Teeth

contributor:
Strauss, Helene
English and Cultural Studies

subject: English and Cultural Studies

subject: English Language and Literature

subject: Other Languages, Societies, and Cultures

subject: English Language and Literature

abstract: This thesis considers how Zadie Smith's novel White Teeth contributes to contemporary debates on immigration, race, gender, and identity. The focus is on Smith's character Irie Jones and how her feelings of instability and displacement are negotiated in post-war Britain. Essentially this thesis considers the characters' inabilities to feel a sense of belonging in their lives as a result of the political and cultural climate in England during the late 20th century. The characters' struggles are explained and dissected in three chapters. The first chapter is devoted to the role that diaspora and travel theory play in a desire to belong; chapter two investigates the second-generation immigrant children's familial relationships and the conflict between the generations; and chapter three focuses on how gender and femininity function in regards to Irie's difficulties. This thesis investigates the ways that Irie diverges from her matrilineal heritage and negotiates for herself a place that she can call home in contemporary Britain.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Auditioning For Care: Transsexual Men Accessing Health Care

contributor:
Sinding, Chris
Social Work

subject:
Social Work
Social Work

abstract: Utilizing an Institutional Ethnographic framework, the aim of this research project is to make visible the interconnected, often complex forms of work that transsexual men in Ontario do in order to access trans specific health care. The forms of work were made visible beginning from the experiential standpoint of transsexual men. This work was mapped onto the specific sites of health care access and traced up through the discourses and practices that socially and institutionally shape this work. The originating texts of these discourses were illuminated. This was accomplished by interviewing four transsexual men who had accessed health care services in Ontario during their process of transitioning. Findings indicated that much of the work that transsexual men complete is linked to their knowledge of the discourses that have directly informed what is deemed a credible transsexual identity and transsexual trajectory in Ontario. Findings suggest that further exploration of these texts and the specific institutional sites and processes where these discourses circulate would illuminate how trans specific health care is socially organized to unfold in Ontario.

abstract: Master of Social Work (MSW)


title: On Being Certain

contributor:
Shalom, A.
Philosophy

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Joseph von Eichendorff's Libertas und ihr Freier

contributor:
Chappel, C. G.
German

subject:
German Language and Literature
German Language and Literature

abstract: This thesis examines Libertas und ihr Freier, a political satire in the form of an allegorical fairy-tale, in the context of Eichendorff's other works, both poetic and polemic, and of his political views before, during and after the German Revolution of 1848-49. The satire demonstrates quite clearly the quality of the poet's mind at the time of its composition, and reveals a basic dualism within the poet, a mixture of Romanticism and literary Realism.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: An Application of a Cox Model for Lifetimes of HIV Patients

contributor:
Balakrishnan, Narayanaswamy
Statistics

abstract: In this project, an application of the Cox proportional hazard model is being considered. Cox proportional hazard model is fitted to estimate the effect of the covariates, age and drugs, on the survival of the HIV positive patients. These estimates also agree with the estimates obtained by using the numerical method. Likelihood ratio, Wald test and Score test are applied to test the significance of these estimates. Power for these test are performed by Monte Carlo simulation method. Simulated powers for sample size n = 10, 20 and 30, β = 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 and 1%, 5% and 10% are tabulated.

abstract: Master of Science (MS)


title: Everyday Racism & Racialized Ex-Inmates: Obstacles to Achieving Anti-Racist Correctional Social Work Practice

contributor:
Sin, Rick
Social Work

subject:
Social Work
Social Work

abstract:
Racism within the criminal justice system is a serious concern. Yet, despite the unfortunate circumstances and injustice confronting racialized inmates, there are very few studies, which critically examine the rampant racial discrimination that they experience on a daily basis in Ontario's jails and detention centres.

This exploratory study describes a qualitative investigation of racism from the perspective of racialized ex-inmates who have been through the Ontario criminal justice system. Based on semi-structured, qualitative interviews, the purpose of this project is to open up the debate about what is missing when we examine racism in institutions. In bringing this new knowledge forward, the analysis is based on major themes such as: everyday racism, racial profiling, dual and intersecting oppressions, whiteness, and solutions and barriers.

The results exemplify the subtle yet deliberate attempt to subdue any discussion of everyday racism and to downplay incidents of racist behaviour. This study emphasizes that efforts to contribute to the elimination of racial injustice in correctional social work practice must not be on conflated notions of cultural differences or on theoretically driven anti-oppression models but rather on the everyday reality of racism.

abstract: Master of Social Work (MSW)


title: Microstructure Development during Crystallization of Tin and Tin-Based Alloys under High-Gravitational Fields Simulated by Centrifugal Acceleration

contributor:
Johari, G.P.
Materials Science and Engineering

abstract:
Succinonitrile, commercially-pure Sn, Sn-0.3 wt% Cu, and Bi-Sn of several weight ratios were solidified under high-gravitational fields 287 times that of the earth's gravity simulated by centrifugal acceleration. The microstructure of the samples solidified in high-gravity was examined and compared with those solidified in normal gravity. Solidification was also done under varying cooling rates to determine its combined effect with high-gravity on microstructure development. The microstructure was quantified in terms of grain size, eutectic spacing, and primary phase distribution against the radial position of the samples. Vickers hardness of the samples was also measured by using both low load and a high load, in order to determine the solidified samples' relative strength.

The microstructure of the Sn sample solidified in high-gravity possessed a higher percentage of small grains than that solidified in normal gravity. For Bi-Sn alloys solidified by slow-cooling, the eutectic phase formed in high-gravity had a complex but regular lamellar structure whereas that formed in normal gravity was irregular. In the hyper- and hypoeutectic Bi-Sn sample, the primary phase was segregated to the inner or outer radius of the samples formed in high-gravity, depending on the variation of density between the phases. The Sn-Cu alloy solidified in high-gravity had a cellular structure whereas that solidified in normal gravity had a dendritic structure.

The effects of high-gravity on microstructure development are explained by the enhanced fluid flow and Rayleigh-Bénard convection during solidification of the melt. This convection is caused by thermally-induced density gradients within the melt and is confirmed by calculating the Rayleigh number. Other effects on microstructure are explained in terms of the Stokes equation and the Mullins-Sekerka criteria for solidification stability. Change in the solidification temperature as a result of increasing centrifugal acceleration was calculated from the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, and its magnitude is discussed.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: Large LOCA BEAU Analysis of a Generic 900MW CANDU Plant

contributor:
Novog, David
Engineering Physics

subject:
Engineering Physics
Engineering Physics

abstract:
A RELAP5 input model representative of a 900 MW CANDU plant was created. Due to the one dimensional nature of the code, complex plant components such as heat transport system pumps, fuel channels, and the reactor core were modeled using thermal hydraulically equivalent geometries. The model consists of 301 thermal hydraulic components and heat structures with five boundary conditions specifying the pressure, temperature, and in some cases the mass flow. Spacial convergence of the model was ensured through the implementation of various channel nodalizations (6, 12 and 24 axial nodes) and core representations (single channel group and 6 channel groups per core pass). A control subroutine representative of the pressure control system and steam generator control system was implemented in the model, mimicking the controllers that exist in operational CANDU Reactors. A point kinetics model was used to simulate the reactor power.

Uncertainties for parameters related to the modeling of specific phenomenons were obtained from literature sources related to the models in which the parameters belong to. Where sources of open literature were unavailable (error in the void reactivity coefficient, and trip delay times), an estimate was made for the parameter uncertainties. Uncertainties for plant specific parameters were derived from plant operating data obtained either from plant instrument measurements (RIH pressure, RIH temperature, etc) or through code simulation (channel powers, bundle powers, etc). Breaks in the NW reactor inlet header were considered. Due to the additional flow from the pressurizer present in the east loop, it was found that breaks in this loop would lead to slightly lower results. The bulk net energy deposition (NED) related to expected maximum sheath temperatures, and the reactor peak power related to the fuel heat up rate were chosen as the figures of merit. Breaks with a size of 48% of the reactor inlet header area were found to lead to the highest NED. From parametric sensitivity studies performed at the best estimate and non best estimate points for the 48% break, a Phenomena and Key Parameter Identification and Ranking Table (PKPIRT) was established with the void reactivity feed back identified as the highest ranked parameter. It was found that the ranking based on best estimate local studies does not reject parameters that may be of importance at their 95th percentile (non best estimate point).

Two best estimate methods along with a conservative approach were implemented. A brute force monte-carlo method consisting of 10,000 simulations provided a probability distribution function for the figures of merits. First and second order GRS methods were found to adequately predict an upper bound for the 95th percentile of the FOMs. Both best estimate methods demonstrated that the consequences of a hypothetical large break LOCA are much more benign than those predicted by the LOE approach.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: Turnover of Nitrate Reductase in Neurospora crassa

contributor:
Sorger, G.J.
Biology

subject: Biology Biology

abstract:
Turnover of nitrate reductase in Neurospora crassa was examined in mycelia incubated in varying conditions. This study showed that the specific activity of the enzyme was very dependent on the age of the mycelia: it was highest in young mycelia which were in an exponential stage of growth. Both the rate of induction and the rate of decay in vivo and in cell-free extract were also highest in the mycelia in logarithmic growth phase. Comparison of the rate of induction and decay of nitrate reductase in exponentially growing mycelia on nitrate media and on media with no nitrogen suggested that the higher specific activity of the enzyme on nitrate media was perhaps a result of the protective effect of nitrate on the enzyme. The rate of decay of nitrate reductase in mycelia on ammonia media incubated at different ages and different temperatures was markedly different from the rate of decay of the enzyme in similarly treated mycelia on nitrate or no nitrogen media. This suggested that there might be two different mechanisms of decay.

An assay was developed to examine protease levels of the mycelia incubated in varying conditions. There was little evidence for the involvement of a protease in the decay of nitrate reductase, but the pattern of decay of the enzyme is consistent with the hypothesis that a protease may act as the mechanism of decay.

abstract: Master of Science (MS)


title: Beyond Words: The Language of Clarissa

contributor:
Blewett, David L.
English

abstract:
For Samuel Richardson, language is the means by which he tells the story of Clarissa but, more importantly, it is his symbol within the novel of the deceptions of the world. It is language that leads the heroine away from herself and from everything that she holds dear; it is language that frustrates her and Lovelace's attempts to reach an understanding; and it is language, finally, that must be abandoned by Clarissa as she
prepares herself for death. Through a close study of the language of Clarissa, this paper attempts to define the heroine's relationship to the words she and the other characters use and to trace Richardsen's involvement with this theme. It is argued that Richardson emphasizes Clarissa's attitude towards language through the use of imagery, lmagery which is especially noticeable and important towards the end of the novel when the heroine rejects ordinary words in favour of sacred language.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Effects of Prior Restraint and Noncontingent Preshock on Acquisition of an Escape Response in the Rat

contributor:
Black, A. H.
Psychology

subject: Psychology Psychology

abstract: The three experiments reported in this thesis investigated the effects of restraint and of randomly presented, fixed duration preshocks on subsequent shuttlebox escape-from-shock learning. Fixed-intensity preshock, random-intensity preshock, and no-preshock conditions were included in each experiment. In Experiment 1, restraining the rat in a harness both during preshock and during nopreshock conditions prior to escape training retarded escape acquisition. There was no effect of preshock. In Experiment 2, independent retarding effects of restraint and high fixedintensity (1.0 ma) preshock were found, whether escape training occurred immediately or 24 hours after preshock. In Experiment 3, a condition in which movement was punished by positively correlating preshock intensity with the rat's movement retarded escape conditioning. No effects were found for fixed-intensity or random-intensity preshock, nor for a condition in which movement was rewarded during preshock. The retarding effects of restraint and certain types of preshock were explained in terms of interfering instrumental responses.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Les particularités du fonctionnement des tropismes sarrautiens dans Enfance, texte à caractère autobiographique

contributor:
Grodek, Elzbieta
French

subject: French and Francophone Language and Literature

abstract: Cette thèse analyse le fonctionnement des tropismes sarrautiens dans Enfance de Nathalie Sarraute. D'abord, nous contextualisons l'écriture de Sarraute dans le paysage « nouveau-romanesque» pour montrer comment son écriture est singulière. Ensuite, nous expliquons le concept du tropisme pour pouvoir étudier l'influence de la double narration dans Enfance sur son fonctionnement. Nous trouvons que le dialogue crée un espace particulièrement propice à la réalisation des tropismes. Nous concluons la thèse par une réflexion sur le statut d'Enfance comme texte à caractère autobiographique.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)