identifier: Murphy, Terry J. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Murphy=3ATerry_J=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1992) Student satisfaction : the view from the bottom of the ivory tower.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study describes the perceptions and satisfactions of 43  senior students in the Faculties of Arts and Science at Memorial University of Newfoundland (MUN). It identifies those factors that affect student satisfactions and recommends ways to make the university experience more satisfying and rewarding for students. -- Higher education scholars have paid little attention to student satisfaction as an educational outcome. Much of the data are quantitative, American and designed for use in conceptual models of attrition or retention. These models suggest that students who are integrated into the social and academic domains of university life express higher levels of satisfaction than those less socially and academically integrated. However, while this research has added to our understanding of how the 'degree of fit' between students and their environments may affect educational outcomes, there is still a significant gap in our knowledge as to how the interplay of students' entry traits, thei. institutional experiences and the characteristics of the university affects student satisfaction. -- This study suggests that an  important part of the integration process involves the pursuit of goals in the organizational setting. To achieve these goals students require certain resources - monetary support, cultural capital, institutional rewards, social support networks and lay referral systems. The unequal distribution of these resources and the inability to define goals in an organizational setting ultimately account for variation in student satisfaction levels. Furthermore, student satisfaction is an emotional state oriented toward future expectations. Satisfied students appear much more optimistic than dissatisfied students that their education will prepare them for the limited opportunities after graduation. -- Undergraduates at MUN expressed dissatisfaction with the following aspects of the student experience: teaching, administrative procedures, student loans, social support and advising and counselling for students. At the same time, the majority of students appear to have reconciled themselves to the more adverse conditions  of university life. They maintain unexpectedly high levels of satisfaction by adjusting their aspirations to current economic realities.


identifier: Carter, Roger Alexander <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Carter=3ARoger_Alexander=3A=3A.html>   (1984) The Fogo Island Co-operative : an alternative development strategy?  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

type: Thesis NonPeerReviewed

format: application/pdf application/pdf

abstract: This thesis is a case study of the Fogo Island Co-operative Society.  It examines the origins of the Society and the social and economic context within which it was formed and was compelled to operate.  After outlining the social and economic context of Fogo Island and the North-east Coast, the thesis briefly outlines some of the early co-ops and development committees on the Island.  It then traces the emergence of the present co-op from its infancy to the present.  Particular attention is paid to the way in which the co-op has been attempting to deal with the present crisis in the Atlantic fishery and how it has struggled for financial stability while meeting the demands imposed on it by the community.  The way in which the co-op is perceived by the membership and the community is considered in detail, as is the co-op's internal structure and decision making. -- The thesis focuses on a particular co-operative but attempts to evaluate the co-operative 'model’ in general and the Fogo 'model’ in particular as an alternative way to facilitate social and economic development in other Newfoundland and Labrador communities.


identifier: McGrath, Darrin M. (Darrin Michael) <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/McGrath=3ADarrin_M=2E_=28Darrin_Michael=29=3A=3A.html>   (1992) Poaching in Newfoundland and Labrador : the creation of an issue.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In September, 1982 newspapers in St. John's reported that the provincial government had declared a "war" on big game poaching.  Perhaps the most significant of the initiatives announced by the provincial Minister of wildlife were amendments to the provincial Wildlife Act.  These legislative changes increased fines and jail terms for convicted poachers and also made the confiscation of any vehicle or equipment used in a big game poaching incident mandatory. -- This thesis examines how and why poaching became an issue for the government of Newfoundland and Labrador in 1982.  Legislation governing poaching had first been enacted in Newfoundland in 1845.  Why did poaching, a crime for 150 years, emerge as an issue in 1982?  The analysis draws on the body of sociological research dealing with the "discovery" or "creation" of social problems.  This literature suggests that a social problem is a social construct.  It results from a process of definition in which a given condition is recognized as a social problem. -- In this thesis, Spector and Kitsuse's (1977) four stage framework for investigating the emergence and maintenance of an issue is utilized, in conjunction with Best's (1987) analysis of rhetoric, to argue that the emergence of the poaching issue was inextricably linked to the provincial government's desire to expand the outdoor tourist industry.  Poaching did not emerge as an issue in 1982 because of an escalation in poaching incidents.  The key factor was the provincial government's renewed interest in outdoor tourism, a specific part of which was non-resident big game hunting.


identifier: Finlayson, Alan Christopher <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Finlayson=3AAlan_Christopher=3A=3A.html>   (1991) The social construction and reconstruction of a scientific crisis : a sociological analysis of Northern Cod stock assessments from 1977 to 1990.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: There is, at present, a generally perceived crisis in the Atlantic Canadian fishery.  From one perspective, this is nothing new as the history of the fishery can be portrayed as a long series of crises.  What is new is that--with Canada's extension of its territorial limits to 200 miles in 1977--a strong, institutionalized role for science was created in the fisheries management process expressly to help avoid the boom and bust cycles that had plagued the fishery in the past. -- This work takes the position that the descriptions and interpretations of reality offered by fisheries stock assessment science during the period from 1977 to the present can be understood as an artifact of multi-levelled, interactive social processes--that in many respects this perspective yields a more plausible explanation of scientific knowledge production than do the scientists' own reconstructions.


identifier: McKnight, John K. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/McKnight=3AJohn_K=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1996) The political economy of environmental regulatory policy : the case of Come By Chance.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The intent of this research is to evaluate the implementation of environmental regulatory policy governing industry in Newfoundland generally and in the specific case of the Come By Chance oil refinery.  Since effective regulation of industrial pollution is important to both human health and ecological sustainability, this research attempts to explain how government efforts to regulate industry and protect the environment might be compromised by specific limitations related to political and financial resources.  Through an empirical case study, involving both archival research and interviews with informed individuals representing relevant interest groups, this thesis therefore examines how specific financial and political constraints affect and influence government implementation of environmental regulatory policy.  This research found that in the Newfoundland political economy, specific resource limitations do compromise the environmental regulatory process governing the province's industrial polluters.  Proposals for further research in industrial pollution control are also presented, including brief discussions of policies relating to social regulation and the development of zero-emission 'industrial clusters.'


identifier: White, Gerald J. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/White=3AGerald_J=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1995) Patrick Manor : a case study of environment and subjective life satisfaction.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The objective of this thesis was to explore how living in an age-segregated complex affected the life satisfaction of its residents.  Specifically, I examined those physical and social factors in a senior citizens' complex which increased or decreased subjective life satisfaction.  The decline in physical health and the loss of relatives and friends increases the importance of special housing for seniors. -- Using a case study and symbolic interactionist approach, I interviewed and observed over twenty seniors in Patrick Manor over a four-year period and found that many of the residents were satisfied with their lives.  Much of this contentment could be attributed to their physical environment which provided a sense of worth, security, and friendship.  The residents of Patrick Manor were allowed to choose from the varied activities which took place at the complex, or to continue a lifestyle that was oriented towards the everyday activities outside of the complex. -- In the course of my research I discovered a number of adaptations by residents which were based on attachment to the complex.  Each adaptation type used the complex in varying degrees.  This adaptation ranged from using the complex as a dormitory with only infrequent interaction with other residents, to one in which the resident was almost completely immersed within the microcosm of the complex. -- The case study provided a means of understanding ways in which seniors manipulate their environments to achieve life satisfaction.  Through their eyes we can determine whether those housing environments intended to ensure a good quality of life actually accomplish their purposes.


identifier: MacInnes, Daniel William <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/MacInnes=3ADaniel_William=3A=3A.html>   (1972) What can be said of those who remain behind? : a historic, cultural and situational perspective on the Poplar Grove Scot.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: What Can Be Said of Those Who Remain Behind?  A Historic, Cultural and Situational Perspective on the Poplar Grove Scot. -- The study of migration within North America has been a popular area of research for many sociologists.  Their focus is frequently the rural to urban trend with particular emphasis on motivations for this type of migration.  Overwhelming evidence from these studies now indicate that these rural peoples have consistently left their places of birth and socialization as a means of effecting the promise of affluence proffered by urban centers. -- The extension of the promise of affluence to the rural hinterland and its resulting migration is but one aspect of the more extensive phenomenon termed modernization.  Modernization is the fulfillment of the ideology of the technological age.  Those who fail to grasp the "evolving truth" and who remain behind in rural areas with neither affluence or even the promise of affluence are termed "losers" in the efforts to modernize.  In the words of the poet writer Alden Nowlan; -- "They are the rural people in a world ruled by city dwellers.  They inhabit regions that have been made the Horrible Examples and whipping boys of their respective countries...." -- In this research the effort was made to investigate those who remained behind in Poplar Grove, Cape Breton.  Poplar Grove has been a veritable spring board for outmigrants and the present community is now collapsed by its long term effort.  Had this study been conducted by questionnaires "sent out" from some urban academic center the residents of this collapsed community might have been studied as "losers" (victims).  The strategy of participation in the culture allowed an experience of the life within Poplar Grove--a life with perceptions of reality existing long before the advent of modernization.  In Chapters 2 through 4 of this dissertation the attempt has been made to present these perceptions against the background of modernization. -- There are three parts to these perceptions of reality presented herein:  the historic, cultural and situational.  Chapter 2 introduces those historic events that have shaped the present life of Poplar Grove people.  This chapter deals especially with the socio-economic adaptation of the Scot Highlanders to the new land and their first encounters with modernization. -- Chapter 3 in detailing some of the elements of the traditional life depicts the distinctive culture of Poplar Grove.  In this rather ethnographic chapter the colour of the traditional life is accented so as to provide the reader with this significant finding:  social relationships in Poplar Grove still exist in a different manner than elsewhere in North America, a variety of gemeinschaft still predominates. -- Chapter 4 is the most restricted chapter of the dissertation dealing only with a small number of tactics that are locally employed to combat the insalubrious effects of modernization.  In particular the tactic of occupational diversity is discussed and it is demonstrated that this tactic can be employed to allow local definitions of situation to prevail over those imposed by modernizing agents. -- Finally, a brief conclusion explains the use of the word "perspective" in the title of the dissertation.


identifier: Maidment, MaDonna R. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Maidment=3AMaDonna_R=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1999) In conflict with women? : a gendered analysis of offenders electronically monitored in St. John's, Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This research provides a gendered analysis of women and men who have recently participated in an electronic monitoring (EM) program in Newfoundland, Canada.  The existing literature focusses primarily on the experiences of males and tends to be void of any conceptual analysis regarding gender biases.  Debates surrounding the implementation of EM programs have been primarily concerned with issues relating to increased surveillance within the private sphere, cost-effectiveness, net-widening, and legal and ethical challenges.  This lack of a gendered analysis is unfortunate since a review of the criminological literature clearly demonstrates that women's experiences with the criminal justice system are significantly different from those of men. -- Given women's structural location in society, their primary responsibility for child care and domestic labour, the nature and extent of their criminal convictions, and the level of state intrusion into women's lives, this study provides social scientific evidence that women's experiences with home confinement also differ dramatically from those of men.  The unique situation of female offenders, as evidenced by the findings of this research, is at best a marginal consideration by local correctional officials in designing programs.  The question of whether or not such programs can be 'modified’ to better suit the needs of women is one important dimension of this research.  A more critical issue, however, is whether this should even be considered a desirable goal.


identifier: Clark, Jonathan <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Clark=3AJonathan=3A=3A.html>   (1997) "Breaking the cycle" : the concept of movement in the work of Hannah Arendt.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis argues that the development and overall thrust of Hannah Arendt’s social and political theory was significantly informed by her comprehension of and reactions to movement.  I attempt to show that particular forms of movement were prized by Arendt and used as justification for her criticism and advocacy of certain ways of directing our lives.  With the exception of the first chapter's analysis of The Human Condition-one of her later works which sets out most explicitly her analysis and appraisal of movement-the thesis proceeds chronologically from Arendt’s PhD thesis, Love and Saint Augustine, through to The Life of the Mind, a work which was uncompleted at the time of her death.  Thematically, the thesis addresses Arendt’s political works, looking at her ideal of political action and the trends of the modern age that pose a threat to it, and her theoretical and philosophical works, exploring Arendt’s later interest in the relationship between thought and action and the relationship between activities of the mind and activities of the world.


identifier: Carpan, Ann Carolyn <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Carpan=3AAnn_Carolyn=3A=3A.html>   (1996) Learning to live with endometriosis : a grounded theory study.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study examines the psychosocial processes involved in women's experiences of living with endometriosis. Ten women diagnosed with endometriosis participated in unstructured formal interviews. The researcher discovered that the respondents define endometriosis as a chronic illness and, consequently, they are undergoing a process of learning how to live with endometriosis. Grounded theory methodology was used to determine four stages in the process of learning to live with endometriosis: discovering the cause(s) of menstrual problems, getting treatment, dealing with doctors and living with symptoms. Phases in each stage of the process of learning to live with endometriosis are described. The social construction of endometriosis is also explored through an examination of popular magazine articles and self-help books about endometriosis. Endometriosis is primarily constructed as a fertility problem, whereas the participants regard endometriosis primarily as a chronic illness, and secondarily as a fertility problem. Women's lived realities of the disease, as described by the participants, are not usually included in the popular press. -- Discussion focuses on the disjuncture between the lived realities of endometriosis described by the participants and   the social construction of endometriosis in the popular press. By reconstructing endometriosis in a way that includes women's experiences of endometriosis, medical and popular knowledge of endometriosis could reflect women's lived realities of the disease.


identifier: Morrison, Monica Sue <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Morrison=3AMonica_Sue=3A=3A.html>   (1977) "Small boy in small town" : an individual's response to the study of his own life.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study presents the reaction of an individual to the study of his life experience by a student of folklore. It is based on an extended fieldwork project in which my grandfather, A. H. Morrison, presented me with an organized, synthesized collection of material that described the part of his experience he found meaningful and that stands as a representation of his knowledge. -- The origin and development of the fieldwork project are described and his life history and sources of his knowledge are examined with emphasis on the influence of the traditions of his home community and family background.  A description of the kinds of experience he accepted as part of his significant knowledge and found useful as expressive behavior is included.  The influence of his worldview on his understanding of knowledge in general and of the fieldwork project in particular is discussed, and his adoption of an active role in relation to the project is described.  My grandfather's self image went through a series of changes during the project and these changes were in themselves an important part of the presentation of his knowledge.  Their influence on the final picture of my grandfather the project revealed is discussed. -- The methodology of the fieldwork project is examined with reference to other similar studies in folklore scholarship and it is concluded that the motivation of the individual to present his knowledge is more important in studies of this kind than the methodology chosen.


identifier: Sutherland, John Dufferin <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Sutherland=3AJohn_Dufferin=3A=3A.html>   (1988) A social history of pulpwood logging in Newfoundland during the Great Depression.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The Great Depression which struck all western nations in the 1930s was a period of great hardship for Newfoundlanders.  Its burdens fell particularly hard on the island's loggers and their families.  During the 1930s, for at least part of the year, nearly 6,000 Newfoundlanders toiled in the woods.  While some worked full-time, many laboured part-time to supplement their meagre earnings from the fishery.  Their labour contributed significantly to a forest products industry which, during the 1930s, was regularly valued at over $15 million a year and, in many years, made up over 50 per cent of the value of the island's exports.  And yet, despite their numbers and their contribution to Newfoundland's economy we have heard very little of these loggers' lives and as Greg Kealey puts it, "their struggles to minimize their oppression and to improve the lives of their families and their class."  This thesis examines the working lives of Newfoundland loggers during the Great Depression, their labour processes, strikes, collective actions and attempts to organize in the latter half of the decade.  In 1930 there were no unions specifically for loggers.  By 1939, however, there were three unions, the Newfoundland Lumbermen's Association, the Newfoundland Labourers' Union, and the Workers' Central Protective Union all of which represented loggers in the regions where they were based.  The Fishermen's Protective Union was also still active in the 1930s negotiating agreements on behalf of loggers on the northeast coast of the island.  This thesis looks at the emergence, structure, and effectiveness of the unions and at their damaging rivalries.  In doing so, it charts the changes these organizations forged in the relations between labour and capital in the Newfoundland woods before World War II.


identifier: Ricketts, Nicholas John <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Ricketts=3ANicholas_John=3A=3A.html>   (1976) The theory of semi-simplicial complexes.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

title: The theory of semi-simplicial complexes

abstract: This thesis has no abstract


identifier: Abracen, Jeffrey Lewis <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Abracen=3AJeffrey_Lewis=3A=3A.html>   (1990) Neuropsychological correlates in sexual and non-sexual offenders.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In an attempt to replicate the findings of Yeudall et al.(1986) (Cited in Flor-Henry, 1987) the three neuropsychological measures which most significantly differentiated sex offenders from normal controls in that study (i.e., Coloured Progressive Matrices, Trail Making B, Williams Verbal Learning Test) were administered to three groups of subjects.  An experimental group consisting of a homogeneous group of convicted sex offenders (child molesters) was compared to a group of non-violent non-sex prison controls as well as to a group of normal controls.  Several background measures were also administered to all subjects to control for the effects of variables related to neuropsychological test performance.  Results indicated that when the effects of the background variables were not included in the analyses the findings were in accord with those of Yeudall et al. (1986).  On both the Coloured Progressive Matrices and Williams Verbal Learning Test the sex offenders scored significantly lower than normal controls.  No differences were found between sex offenders and prison controls on any of these measures.  When the effects of the background variables were controlled for, no differences emerged between any of the groups on any of the neuropsychological measures.  The results do not support Flor-Henry's (1980, 1987) neuropsychological theory as to the etiology of the paraphilias.


identifier: Budgell, John T. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Budgell=3AJohn_T=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1996) Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the substrates of anxiety enhancement in the adult rat.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study was designed to investigate the effects of the benzodiazepine receptor antagonist, Flumazenil, on an ecologically sound model of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (Experiment 1).  In addition, the study examined the role of N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor physiology in the genesis of anxiety-like behavior (ALB) (Experiment 2). -- Experiment 1 was designed to evaluate the effects of cat exposure and treatment with Flumazenil on anxiety and startle amplitude of Long-Evans rats.  Animals were exposed to a cat for 5 minutes and then tested in the elevated plus maze 1 week later.  Animals were injected with Flumazenil or sterile vehicle 10 minutes before behavioral testing.  The following day startle amplitude was measured in the acoustic startle chamber.  Animals given Flumazenil exhibited more head dips than vehicle injected controls.  Furthermore, animals that were exposed to a cat exhibited more head dips than animals which were not exposed.  In the elevated plus maze animals that were cat exposed showed significantly more anxiety-like behavior than animals that were not exposed to a cat.  Flumazenil was behaviorally neutral in the elevated plus maze and had no effects on ALB of cat exposed rats.  Moreover, the exposed animals showed a slower rate of habituation to the startle stimulus than animals that were non-exposed.  The startle amplitudes of animals that were cat exposed or given Flumazenil were greater than for animals given vehicle and not exposed in the first 7 blocks of startle trials.  However, by the end of the eighth block, all groups had reached an equivalent startle amplitude end point. -- Experiment 2 was designed to evaluate the neuropharmacology of stress induced increases in anxiety.  Specifically, the role of NMDA receptors in the pathophysiology of anxiety were investigated.  Animals were cannulated in the basolateral amygdala in the left or right hemisphere or bilaterally.  In other animals cannulas were implanted, and they were then handled but not exposed to a cat or intracranial injection.  Experimental animals were injected with either the NMDA receptor antagonist, MK-801, or sterile saline, as appropriate, 30 minutes prior to exposure to the cat.  It was found that the operated controls spent significantly more time in the open arms of the plus maze than either vehicle or MK-801 groups, which did not differ from each other.  Thus, cat exposure increased plus maze anxiety(decreased open arm exploration) one week after the exposure equally in both the vehicle and MK-801 groups.  However, MK-801 partially blocked the effects of cat exposure on Risk Assessment when injected into the left amygdala or bilaterally.  Finally, MK-801 into the right and left hemispheres reduced the magnitude of the startle amplitude to the level of an operated-handled non-exposed control.  The implications for anxiety research and PTSD are discussed.


identifier: Steele, Richard Kent <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Steele=3ARichard_Kent=3A=3A.html>   (1977) Predicting morale in the aged.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

title: Predicting morale in the aged

abstract: The primary purpose of this psychometric study was to determine the effectiveness of the Bradburn (1969) Affect Balance Scale (ABS) and the Stones et al. (1977) Free Recall Task as predictors of well-being.  A related issue involved assessing the pervasiveness of avowed happiness as a measure of morale.  The assumption was tested that happiness ratings would be reflected in two personality measures; the Thematic Appreception (TAT) and the Adjective Check List (AJCL). -- Fifty members of the St. John's Retired Citizen's Club (40 males, 10 females) were tested in the club rooms.  The criterion variable, well-being, was assessed by requesting subjects to indicate their level of current happiness on a seven-point scale.  Each subject was given the 10-item Affect Balance Scale, and was requested to provide a list of pleasant and unpleasant events encountered during the past month.  In addition, subjects were asked to choose self-descriptive terms from a list of 40 adjectives.  The final assessment involved tape-recording stories provided by subjects describing the scene in nine TAT cards. -- A multiple regression analysis, in which happiness ratings were the predicted variables and the previously mentioned scales were the predictors, indicated that only 23% of the criterion's variance was accounted for.  Positive TAT outcome was the only significant predictor.  A subsequent factor analysis demonstrated that the assessment variables clustered into five distinct factors, tentatively titled Current Affect, Memory, Positive and Negative Self-Evaluation, and Gender.  The study identified problems inherent in conducting research in a retirement club setting.  Response bias is a principal variable.  The prediction that avowed happiness would be reflected in the TAT was supported.


identifier: Donohue, John A. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Donohue=3AJohn_A=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1992) Predictors of treatment outcome : a long-term follow-up study of behavioural treatment for agoraphobia.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Outcome and predictors of long-term prognosis were investigated in 27 agoraphobic patients who were reassessed 1 to 5 years following exposure-based treatment.  The outcome measures used in the original trials were repeated by an assessor who also interviewed the patients.  Overall, improvements attained during treatment were maintained at follow-up.  Highly significant (p < .0001) improvements were observed on all clinical measures between pretreatment and long-term follow-up.  The pattern of improvement was similar to that observed in previous studies: treatment gains were maintained, but patients generally did not display significant continued improvement during the follow-up period. -- Forty-eight percent of follow-up clients achieved the a priori criteria for high endstate functioning.  The variables which gave the greatest contribution to the variance in outcome were social phobia, self-efficacy, behavioural avoidance, and later in treatment, agoraphobic severity and cognitive reactivity.  Discriminant function analyses of these variables resulted in over 80% correct predictions of outcome group at long-term follow-up.  On the other hand, the mode of phobia onset, level of depression, attitude toward treatment, and social support were poor predictors of long-term outcome.  Possible reasons for and implications of these findings are discussed.


identifier: Nichols, Rina Kathryn <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Nichols=3ARina_Kathryn=3A=3A.html>   (1995) Population ecology of small mammals in clear cut areas of western Newfoundland and their short-term response to prescried burning.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: A study of small mammals was conducted from May to September 1994 in a heavily logged area in western Newfoundland, Canada.  This study consisted of two main projects: 1) an ecological study of a population of small mammals with emphasis on meadow voles, Microtus pennsylvanicus.  2) a study of the short-term response of small mammals to prescribe burning.  Both populations were studied via live-trapping and telemetry. -- The first project examined a population of small mammals on a 3.2 ha plot established in a 9-year-old clearcut.  Three main habitat types were present in the plot: forest regeneration which comprised 89 percent of the area, and relatively small percentages of clearings and moist meadow patches.  Three species were captured on the site during the study: meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus), masked shrew (Sorex cinereus) and deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus).  Only three Peromycus were captured over the four months of the study and Sorex were difficult to live-trap, therefore efforts were focused on meadow voles.  Thirteen resident female Microtus, five adults and 8 eight juveniles, were radio-collared from June until late August 1994. -- Survival, recruitment and density of meadow voles peaked in June and then decreased to very low numbers in the fall.  Density of voles in western Newfoundland were lower than those reported for continental vole populations.  Only six percent of juvenile voles showed signs of sexual maturity in the summer of their birth.  Several juveniles were sixty to ninety days old and still were not reproductively active.  Microtus exhibited strong preference for the moist meadow patches in the 9-year-old clearcut.  Seven of the eight juveniles radio-collared had a portion of their home range in the meadow habitat.  Four of the five adults were located in the meadow or moist patches during excursions away from the nest.  Plant species highly palatable to voles, as revealed by a food preference test, were most abundant in the small meadow areas.  The highly palatable species could not be predicted by nitrogen concentration, phenol concentration or the ratio of nitrogen to phenols.  The forage selection patterns of voles in western Newfoundland are still unknown. -- Space use of female voles in this study tended to differ from other vole populations.  Periphery home range size and interfix distance were larger than those reported in the literature for similar species.  Core home range sizes were smaller for adult females than juveniles females in the study area.  Female voles tended to travel longer distances in the late morning than early morning possibly due to increased predator activity at dawn. -- The second project was an experimental manipulation study designed to examine the short-term response of small mammals to prescribed burning with an emphasis on the role of cover in this response.  The design consisted of three treatments: prescribed burn, prescribed burn plus cover and control.  Each treatment consisted of two 0.81 ha plots established in a two year-old clearcut.  All treatment plots were placed at least 75 meters apart to ensure that animals did not move between plots.  Plots were established in August 1994 and trapped for a week to ensure small mammals were present in the area.  In September 1994, the burn and burn plus cover treatments were burned by Newfoundland Forest Service personnel.  Following the burn, the burn plus cover plots were homogeneously covered with slash consisting of branches and tree tops with no living vegetation.  The two remaining plots were left unburned to serve as controls. -- Three small mammal species were captured on the study area: meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus), masked shrew (Sorex cinereus) and deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus).  All species were relatively low in abundance.  Almost twice as many voles were captured on the burn plus cover treatment than the burn or control treatments, however there was high variation within treatments.  The length of time a vole remained on a plot did not vary between treatments.  The catch per unit effort of Sorex was significantly higher on control plots than the burn or burn plus cover plots.  Overall Peromyscus numbers were too low for comparisons between treatments. -- The Braun-Blanquet method of vegetation surveying revealed that herbaceous cover and total number of plant species were significantly lower on the burn plots than the control plots.  Palatable cover was lower on the control plots relative to the burn and burn plus cover plots.  The only habitat variable which differed between burn and burn plus cover plots was slash cover thereby validating this study as testing for the effects of cover independantly of food.  Nutrient analysis revealed that nitrogen concentration was significantly higher in plant species on the burn and burn plus cover plots than the control plots. -- Four female voles were radio-collared for this second project.  Females established home ranges on the control and burn plus cover sites, but not on the burn sites suggesting that cover is an important factor determining vole distribution.  Three of four females established their home ranges in fairly close proximity to a small moist meadow similar to the spacing patterns exhibited by voles on the 9-year-old clearcut.  Female Microtus on both study areas distributed themselves in relation to highly palatable plant species.


identifier: Gauthier, Robert Benoit <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Gauthier=3ARobert_Benoit=3A=3A.html>   (1993) Reactivating preschool children's memory for the location of hidden objects.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: There is little research regarding the amount of information that three-year-old children can retain and the length of time that they can retain it.  In a task in which three-year-olds retained the locations of hidden objects, subjects were given a reactivation treatment to determine if the reminder would facilitate recall.  An additional question was whether having input into where objects were hidden would facilitate recall.  Ninety children learned the location of 16 objects hidden in a room.  One-half of the children determined which object to hide in each of the pre-selected locations (self-generated condition), and the experimenter determined which object to hide at each location for the remaining children (experimenter-generated condition).  For both the self- and experimenter-generated conditions, one-third of the children were visited three weeks after acquisition at which time they saw the 16 objects (reactivation treatment).  Another one-third were returned to the experimental room but did not see the objects (partial-reactivation treatment).  The remaining one-third of the children were visited again only at final testing (control treatment).  All subjects were tested for recall of the 16 object-location pairings 4 weeks after initial learning.  Results showed no significant differences due to reactivation or generation conditions.


identifier: Boland, Anne Marie <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Boland=3AAnne_Marie=3A=3A.html>   (1976) Psychomotor agitation and retardation in depressed patients.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study was designed to find differences between Agitated and Retarded depressed patients on objective and subjective tests of psychomotor performance.  It was also designed to note patterns of psychomotor performance in depressed patients so as to enable cross-study comparisons with established patterns for schizophrenic patients and normal subjects. -- The twenty-four subjects consisted of patients from the Waterford Hospital and from St. Clare’s Hospital who had recently been admitted with a diagnosis of depression.  All were rated on an Agitation and Retardation Scale by clinical clerks or by a psychologist and were then tested on a Subjective Index of Psychomotor Retardation, on Tapping Speed, Purdue Pegboard and on Reaction Time.  For the latter tests, Preparatory Intervals and Sound Intensity were varied under Irregular and Regular conditions. -- Agitation and Retardation scores were found to be positively correlated.  This finding was discussed in terms of a possible relationship between the two syndromes in depressed patients and/or of a possible lack of rater experience.  A Discrimination Function Analysis was applied to the items on both scales and two of the items were shown to be predictive of Agitation and of Retardation scores.  When subjects were divided on the basis of these items, however, no significant difference was found between them on objective or subjective tests. -- Age was shown to be an important variable in predicting scores on the Subjective Index; when age was partialled out, Purdue Right Hand - Left Hand - Both Hands (RLP) score proved to be the only objective test which had significant predictive value. -- Patterns of responding as a function of Preparatory Intervals under Regular and Irregular conditions were found to be similar to those of normal subjects rather than of schizophrenic patients.  This would seem to suggest different underlying causes for psychomotor impairment in depressed patients than in schizophrenic patients.


identifier: Frizzell, Lynn Marie <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Frizzell=3ALynn_Marie=3A=3A.html>   (1994) Norepinephrine-induced potentiation is not blocked by the local diffusion of the NMDA channel blocker, ketamine, at concentrations that prevent tetanically-induced long-term potentiation in the dentate gyrus in vivo.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: An enduring increase in the size of the perforant path-evoked dentate gyrus response follows brief titanic stimulation.  This Long-Tern Potentiation (LTP) is considered a cellular substrate of memory.  A similar phenomenon, Norepinephrine-Induced Potentiation (NEP), results from exogenous application of NE or from endogenous NE release following Locus Coeruleus (LC) stimulation.  It has been postulated that NE promotes LTP induction in a manner consistent with a role in arousal and attention.  It has been documented both in vitro and in vivo that LTP induction requires the NMDA receptor and that NEP induction requires activation of the B-adrenergic receptor.  In fact, it has been shown in the slice that LTP and NEP depend on both receptors.  This suggests a codependence or synergy between NEP and LTP in the slice.  However, the same has not been demonstrated in vivo.  In fact, LTP is not eliminated by NE depletion in vivo, thus the B-receptor activation is probably not required.  It was the aim of the present study to determine the role of the NMDA receptor in NEP in vivo.  NEP was elicited by glutamate stimulation of the LC.  Two recording pipettes were placed in the dentate gyrus.  One pipette contained saline and the other, located less than 1mm away, contained the NMDA channel blocker, ketamine.  Diffusion of ketamine significantly attenuated LTP as compared to that at the saline site.  However, NEP was either unaffected or enhanced as compared to that at the saline site.  NEP in vivo does not depend on the NMDA channel.  B-receptor activation, and the cAMP-mediated biochemical cascade triggered, appears to be necessary and sufficient for the induction of NEP.  If NE promotes attention and memory through the B-receptor in the dentate gyrus, it does so independently of the NMDA receptor.


identifier: French, Geraldine <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/French=3AGeraldine=3A=3A.html>   (1987) Rural social work in Canada and the United States : concerns and curricula.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis has a two-fold purpose.  First, an extensive review of the literature aimed at an analysis of several past and current rural social work themes.  These subjects include:  (1) Problems which affect rural people and their communities, (2) The knowledge base necessary for rural social workers, (3) Suggested curricula aimed at the development of a rural social work program, and (4) Rural social work - generic vs. specialization. -- Secondly, an exploratory study was undertaken which presented data regarding present rural social work programs.  The study sample was composed of thirty-six social work programs that identified themselves as having a rural focus.  Data was collected by means of a mailed, self-administered questionnaire which included both closed and open-ended questions. -- The specific research questions posed by the study were:  (1) Was rural social work recognized as being different from other forms of social work?  (2) If so, what was it about rural social work that constituted the difference? -- Analysis of data revealed that rural social work was recognized, and thirty-six undergraduate and graduate programs identified themselves as offering a rural focused program.  The majority of respondents acknowledged that their program had a part” rather than a “whole” rural focus.  A wide range of social work courses were taught with only five percent having a total rural focus, and only three percent having about one-half rural focus.  Courses described as having a total plus one-half rural focus constituted only eight percent of social work courses.  The respondents indicated that rural content was taught throughout the social work curriculum rather than in specially designed rural courses.  Rural social work programs consistently depended on field placements to provide the main component of the curriculum.


identifier: McConnell, Susan Manning <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/McConnell=3ASusan_Manning=3A=3A.html>   (1984) The problem of autonomy : informed consent in social work.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study represents an attempt to deal with the problems posed by the social work profession's adherence to the value of self-determination by refocussing the energies of the profession toward a commitment to autonomy rather than self-determination and applying the doctrine of informed consent in social work as a way to avoid diminishing autonomy. -- The efforts of this study to deal with the problem of self-determination have resulted in a double focus.  The first is on an analysis of self-determination in the literature and on the meaning of autonomy and its relationship to personhood.  It is through this analysis, coupled with an understanding of the particular nature of social work, that the rationale for refocussing the profession's energies toward a commitment to autonomy emerges. -- The second focus of this study is on the doctrine of informed consent.  An historical analysis of the evolution of the doctrine of informed consent reveals an increasing emphasis on the duty of society to safeguard autonomy and the important part the doctrine plays in ensuring that the duty is carried out.  The purpose, functions and requirements of informed consent point to the centrality of autonomy in the doctrine. – An analysis of the requirements of informed consent and the requirements for the existence of autonomy shows that the doctrine of informed consent is an important vehicle in ensuring that the profession’s commitment to autonomy is upheld. -- Finally, this study explores some of the implications that the commitment to autonomy and the application of the doctrine of informed consent in social work practice would have for the client, the practitioner, the educator and the profession.


identifier: Ahmadzadegan, Aida <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Ahmadzadegan=3AAida=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Perturbation of large anti-desitter black holes and AdS/CFT correspondence.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: As the main goal of this thesis, the canonical form of the perturbation metric of anti-de Sitter black holes in four dimensions is derived by choosing the Regge-Wheeler gauge in  the standard Schwarzschild coordinates (t, r, θ, φ). By assuming the perturbations to be small, the differential equations governing the perturbations are obtained from the equations δRμν(h) = 0. Then, by taking the limit of m >> R where R is the radius of AdS space, the perturbation metric and field equations of large AdS black holes are found. Finally, under the shadow of AdS/CFT correspondence, these perturbations can be compared to their corresponding three-dimensional theory of fluid dynamics on the dual space, R × S². Furthermore, by using the definitions of stress-energy tensor and its perturbation, we can find energy density, pressure and shear viscosity which are the quantities we need to describe the behavior of the fluid on the boundary of the AdS space.


identifier: Ahmed, Abeer Ahmed Abuelmagd <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Ahmed=3AAbeer_Ahmed_Abuelmagd=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Polycyclic angular thieno, thiazeto, thiazolo and furobenzo[h]quiolines : design, synthesis, in vitro and in silico evaluation.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Functionalized quinolines and their benzo/hetero-fused analogs are an important class of organic molecules that have attracted the attention of synthetic and medicinal chemists, because of their presence in numerous natural products and their wide range of biological activities. The quinolines, particularly those substituted at position 4, have marked antimalarial, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antiviral activities. -- The remarkable applications of these compounds have not only prompted many chemists to synthesize these types of compounds, they have also become an active research area of continuing interest. -- In this work a structure-based drug design was done using  Hyperchem-3(TM) in order to develop a quinoline-originated Topoisomerase inhibitor with a potential anticancer and a better pharmacokinetic profile. The work involves the design  and synthesis of many ring fused quinoline systems including  thieno-, thiazeto-, thiazolo- and furobenzo[h] quinolines in  order to clarify the structural requirements for the activity; the in-silico data determined in this work provides a deep understanding of the binding affinities of these types of derivatives. -- The results obtained in this study showed that the synthesized quinoline derivatives have  good binding affinities to Human Topoisomerase II, particulary in the ATP binding region. Also, these derivatives were not able to chelate with Mg²⁺ which helped to account for the lack of cytotoxicity exihibited by these derivatives.


identifier: Ali, Osama Yousef <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Ali=3AOsama_Yousef=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Structures of metal-dication/Uracil complexes in the gas phase and matrix isolated-hydrogen bonded complexes.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Ionic complexes have long been studied by mass spectrometry while leisurely spectroscopic studies of neutral complexes can be studied using matrix isolation spectroscopy. Experimental results aiming to elucidate the structures of neutral and ionic complexes are often complemented by electronic structure calculations as has been done in this work. -- Complexes of divalent metal ions and uracil have been investigated using FTICR mass spectrometry. Positive ion electrospray mass spectra show that [M(Ura-H)(Ura)]⁺, where M is formally a divalent metal ion, are the most abundant ions even at low concentrations of uracil. MS/MS experiments show that the lowest energy decomposition pathway for [M(Ura-H)(Ura)]⁺ complexes is loss of HNCO for all metals studied with the exception of Sr, Ba and Pb which  do lose a molecule of uracil. The computed binding energies between neutral uracil and [M(Ura-H)]⁺, M= Zn, Cu, Ni, Fe, Cd, Pd , Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and Pb have also been calculated and are consistent with the experimentally-observed differences in fragmentation pathways. The potential energy surfaces associated with the fragmentation pathways of [Cu(Ura-H)(Ura)]⁺ were computed to help explain the collision induced dissociation spectra. -- Complexes of uracil and Pb²⁺, as well the water-solvated complexes have been studied by infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy in the N-H and O-H stretching region. The computed IR spectra for the lowest energy structures are  consistent with the experimental IRMPD spectrum. The experimental spectra for [Pb(Ura-H)(H₂O)n]⁺ (n=1-2) revealed that the first water molecule binds to the lead ion and indicates the presence of intramolecular hydrogen bonding to  a carbonyl of uracil. The second molecule of water also attaches directly to the lead ion, but does not participate in any hydrogen bonding. -- The infrared absorption spectra of hydrogen-bonded complexes of propylene oxide with either ethanol or 2-fluoroethanol have been recorded in neon matrices. The results indicate that hydrogen-bonded complexes were formed with propylene oxide as the hydrogen bond acceptor and either ethanol or 2-fluoroethanol as the hydrogen bond donors. The features assigned to the O-H stretch were red-shifted by 175 cm⁻¹ and 193 cm⁻¹ for ethanol and 2-fluoroethanol containing complexes. From the peak shifts and the comparison with the calculations, a 1:1 propylene oxide/ethanol and propylene oxide/2-fluoroethanol complexes are formed.


identifier: Aljaroudi, Alireda A. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Aljaroudi=3AAlireda_A=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Ultrasonic guided waves applications for locating and quantifying pipelines defects.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: On-line Health Monitoring of industrial structures in particular the oil and gas transporting system such as pipelines is of great importance to the reliability and survivability of the plant. In this research the propagation  of Ultrasonic Guided Waves as a tool to condition monitoring  of the pipes was investigated. Also, under this research the  Kirchhoff flaw approximation model was modified to provide an estimation of the size and location of flaws that may exist along the pipe. The modified model and the dispersion curves generated by the Ultrasonic Waves using PCDISP software can provide assessment of the location and extent of the flaw. Several simulation trials were performed using Matlab to validate the feasibility and applicability of the modified model and the results indicate that this model can accurately estimate the size and location of the flaws that exist in the pipe.


identifier: Alzaid, Abdullah <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Alzaid=3AAbdullah=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Stress-related and ontogenetic aspects of metabolic depression in cunner (Tautogolabrus adspersus).  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis examined: 1) how ontogeny affects aspects of metabolic depression in the cunner; and 2) whether the stress response of adult cunner is modified during metabolic  depression. The effect of decreasing temperature at 2°C per day on the metabolism of three size classes of ∼9°C acclimated cunner was studied. The onset-temperature for metabolic depression in cunner decreased with body size (age), i.e. 7°C in adult fish vs. 6°C and 5°C in small and young-of-the-year (YOY) fish, respectively. In contrast, the  extent of metabolic depression was ∼80% (Q₁₀ = ∼15) for YOY fish, ∼65% (Q₁₀ = ∼8) for small fish, and ∼55% (Q₁₀ = ∼5) for adults. Stress hormone levels and steroidogenic transcript levels were measured in adult cunner acclimated at 0°C and 10°C. Fish at 10°C had 9.09 fold and 4.77 fold higher post-stress plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine levels, respectively, and 4.67 fold greater resting plasma cortisol levels (∼65 ng ml⁻¹) compared with 0°C fish (∼10 ng ml⁻¹). However, cortisol levels did not increase post-stress in 10°C fish, whereas 0°C fish had a 'typical' stress  response with cortisol levels reaching ∼107 ng ml⁻¹ by 2 hours post-stress. Transcript levels of P450scc were 3.25 fold higher in the head kidney of 10°C fish compared with 0°C fish. However, there was no significant difference in StAR transcript levels in the head kidney of 10°C fish compared with 0°C fish. GR transcript levels were 1.70 fold and 1.29 fold lower in the head kidney and liver, respectively, of 10°C fish compared with 0°C fish.


identifier: Argyros, Leonidas <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Argyros=3ALeonidas=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Burrell & son of Glasgow: a tramp shipping firm, 1861-1930.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: A tramp ship is a vessel with no regular ports of call or sailing schedule. Tramp ships normally carry low-value, bulk  cargoes, such as coal, timber, grain and other raw materials  and are usually sent wherever necessary to secure freight and to minimize voyages in ballast. -- Burrell & Son of Glasgow was one of the most important British tramp shipping  firms of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. George Burrell entered the shipping business as a shipping and forwarding agent in the 1850s, but his successors took advantage of opportunities in the 1860s to expand into shipowning, mostly through the purchase of steamers. Over the next sixty-odd years, they engaged in many typical tramp  trades and cross-trading. During the Boer War in the late 1890s, Burrell & Son exited the shipping business. A few years later, it embarked on an ambitious shipbuilding program only to sell its steamships once more, at a considerable profit, during the First World War. -- The thesis uses quantitative and qualitative methods to analyse British tramp shipping along three broad themes: the acquisition of vessels by a tramp firm; the deployment of these ships and the cargoes they carried; and finally, the crew members who manned them. Crew agreements and bills of entry allow us to examine some of the business strategies and investment patterns of Burrell & Son and shed some light  on the world of tramp shipping. -- Burrell & Son was a fairly typical British tramp shipowner. The company, for the  most part, avoided exposure to risky endeavours and opted for reliability and economy, especially in terms of technological developments. It maintained a relatively young  fleet, without establishing an exclusive relationship with any particular shipyard. It remained mindful of the need for  economy, reducing costs wherever possible (especially through the reduction of the man/ton ratio and the employment of Asian crew members). Its scope of operations was global and its trade was in low-value, bulk tramp cargoes, but it also participated in less typical enterprises, like the first successful carriage of frozen meat from Australia to the United Kingdom.


identifier: Aslanova, Rana <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Aslanova=3ARana=3A=3A.html>   (2012) HPV genotype distribution and oncogene expression in HIV-positive adults and the underlying risk factors for anal, oral and genital malignancy : an Atlantic Canada prospective cohort study.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: BACKGROUND: -- Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common   sexually transmitted agent. These small DNA viruses target the basal cells of the epithelium. While the HPV family is comprised of more than 100 genotypes, only about 40 or so types are associated with human anogenital infections. Infections with oncogenic HPV (probably high-risk 26,53,66,68,73,82 and high-risk HPV types 16,18,31,33,35,39,45,51,52,56,58,59) are causally linked to the development of cervical cancer (HPVI6 & 18 are related to about 99% of cervical malignancy) as well as a proportion  of anal, oropharyngeal, vulvar, vaginal and penile cancers and their associated precancerous lesions. HPV is also the cause of genital warts (low-risk HPV types 06,11,34,40,42,44,53, & others). However, in most people HPV  infection is transient and does not lead to disease. Immune suppression increases the likelihood of HPV-related diseases, and people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)  infection or with HIV-positive partners are at a higher risk  of pre-cancer lesions and cancers, as well as genital warts. The literature suggests HIV-HPV co-infection in women increases the risk of anal carcinoma by 30 times and the risk of HPV associated anal cancer is 163-fold greater in young men with HIV. A number of studies have recommended that all HIV-infected individuals be routinely screened for HPV-related disorders to facilitate early detection and treatment because of the heightened risk of persistent HPV infection with the risk of malignant transformation. -- OBJECTIVES: -- Primary: To determine the prevalence and distribution of high risk (HR) oncogenic HPV-types in HIV-positive adults in Atlantic Canada. -- Secondary: To correlate the prevalence of HR HPV genotypes with underlying  pre-malignant lesions and malignancy through a cross-sectional study. -- To correlate pre-malignant lesions and malignancy with patients' demographics and underlying risk factors. -- METHODS: -- This thesis is part of a larger prospective cohort study designed to follow consenting persons with HIV infection in Atlantic Canada over a 3-year period subsequent to baseline screening in year one. The data in this thesis are limited to that obtained at baseline  in all four Atlantic Provinces during the first year of the study. All HIV-positive adults treated through the participating infectious disease clinics were approached by the clinic physicians or nurses to request participation in the study. Atlantic Canada has approximately 800 routinely followed HIV-positive adults and we expected to enroll approximately 400 of them. This study was approved by ethic committees of all participating institutions as well as the Public Health Agency of Canada, the funding agency for the study. -- Recruitment commenced in June, 2009. All procedures were performed after obtaining informed consent. Consenting participants were required to complete a confidential questionnaire to obtain demographic and risk factor data. Participants' identifiers were retained to permit questionnaire data to be correlated with HPV related disease outcomes. SurePath (Becton Dickinson) liquid cytology medium was used in the collection of oropharyngeal and anal swab specimens from all males and females, and an additional cervical specimen was obtained from females. All specimens were tested for cytologic abnormalities, HPV DNA and genotyping. The study cohort will be followed up with the above protocol for a period of 3 years. These results will be subsequently used to assess any HPV related disease outcome and genotypic specific information. Consent also gives access to patients' medical files for information on viral load, CD4⁺ T cell count and treatment regimens in order to correlate these factors with disease outcome. -- RESULTS: -- The study analysis is based on a total of 300 patients; of these 91.7% were males. The population and gender distribution among the provinces were: Nova Scotia, Halifax (NSH) - total 150 patients, of these 142 (94.7%) were males; New Brunswick, Moncton (NBM) - total 90 patients, of these 85 (94.4%) were males; Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's (NLSJ) - total 44 patients, of these 34  (77.3%) were males; and New Brunswick, Saint John (NBSJ) - total 16 patients, of these 14 (87.4%) were males. The mean (SD) age of the study population was 46.9 (9.36) years and its distribution by age categories was: 62 (20.7%) aged 25 to 39 years; 209 (69.7%) aged 40 to 59 years; and 29 (9.6%) aged 60 years and older. -- There was no significant difference in the association of cytologic results with CD4 cells count and plasma viral load levels. -- A total of 232 (77.3%) of the participants tested positive for any HPV infection with 125 (54.0%) showing multiple HPV types. Up to  46 HPV genotypes were detected, of which 39% were HR oncogenic types and 61% of low-risk (LR) types. The most frequently detected HR HPV types among all specimens were: HPV16 11.8%; HPV52 7.2%; HPV45 5.6%; HPV51 5.4% & HPV18/HPV59 4.6% each. Six HR HPV types: 16 (p<0.001); 45 (p=0.044); 51 (p=0.014); 52 (p<0.001); 53 (p=0.045); and 59 (p=0.006) were more frequently associated with anal lesions;  from them atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) were detected in 37 (12.3%) patients; atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance cannot exclude high-grade intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H) in 3 (0.5%) patients; low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs) were detected in 35 (11.6%) participants; and high-grade intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) in 3 (0.5%) of them. HPV51 was detected in one oropharyngeal specimen with ASC-US  cytologic changes; and HPV35 was more frequently associated with cervical lesions (ASC-US in one female; LSIL in one patients also; and LSIL cannot exclude high-grade lesion (LSIL/HSIL) in one female participant). The highest number of cytologic abnormalities was reported in anal specimens (26%) as compared to cervical and oropharyngeal specimens (12% & 0.3%, respectively). Cytologic changes were significantly associated with patients' high risk behaviour such as unprotected anal and vaginal sex. All patients with detected lesions were referred to an appropriate specialist for further investigation. -- The overall prevalence rate of  the cases with the high-risk (HR) HPV genotypes was 46.6% (108/232). The overall prevalence of the cytologic abnormalities caused by HR HPV types in the study population  was 27.3% (82/300) during the screening year. -- CONCLUSION: -- In this study, 74% of 300 patients studied had normal anal cytology, with 26% having abnormal anal cytology, and with 15.3% (46/300) of patients having unsatisfactory anal specimens for evaluation. Abnormal cytology was reported mostly as ASC-US (12.3%) and LSIL (11.7%), with fewer samples showing HSIL (1.0%). All participants with detected anal, cervical and oropharyngeal precancerous lesions were referred to specialists to undergo a high-resolution anoscopy (HRA) and colposcopy with biopsy (the results of these tests will be analyzed as a part of the larger study).  The results of the data presented here are comparable with the results from other studies. Follow-up analysis of anal, cervical and oropharyngeal biopsy results are required to draw conclusions about real prevalence of cytologic abnormalities in the study population; cytologic outcomes have to be correlated with histologic outcomes. -- KEY WORDS: -- Human papillomavirus infection; anal cancer; cervical cancer; head and neck cancer; HPV genotyping; HPV prevalence and incidence; HPV and malignancy; HPV risk factors; HIV-HPV co-infection.


identifier: Auld, Robyn <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Auld=3ARobyn=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Life history, morphology and host choice among populations of blissus leucopterus hirtus montandon (Hemiptera: Blissidae) in Quebec and Atlantic Canada.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Blissus leucopterus hirtus Montandon (Hemiptera: Blissidae) (hairy chinch bug), is a pest of turfgrass in Quebec and Atlantic Canada that causes considerable damage to turf and lawns. This research investigated the influence of environmental heterogeneity on the phenology, morphology and  host preference of B. leucopterus hirtus. Populations of B. leucopterus hirtus in St. John's, NL displayed the lowest threshold for egg development and the highest rate of egg development compared with other regions across the insect's range, indicating environmental influence attributable to shorter and cooler summers in the St. John's region. This adaptation was also reflected in a more compact phenology compared to other regions. Cumulative Degree Days and Julian  Days were both effective in predicting the appearance of 2nd instars, a critical milestone for pest managers in conducting appropriately timed pesticide application. -- There was no difference in tertiary sex ratio among sites at  a local scale, but there was an greater number of males than  females in Fall 2004 and 2005 compared to the sprang, suggesting differential mortality of dispersal. Wing form ratios varied at the local scale and over time, with an increase in brachypters over two years indicating increasingly established populations. Differences in habitat  at the local and regional scale were sufficient to produce differences in insect size, with the smallest insect size rankings in St. John's, NL, where egg development rates were  also most rapid. -- Differences in host choice among 1st instars of B. leucopterus hirtus were observed at the local and regional level, demonstrating flexibility in host choice  among populations. Preference was affected by age of insect,  with 1st instars favouring Kentucky bluegrass, while 5th instars were less discriminant. Tendency for aggregation in later instars appeared to influence choice. Based on these results, pest managers should be better able to predict host  vegetation based on insect phenology and potentially apply alternative methods of control such a vacuuming when populations are likely to be found on specific host plants as a result of either feeding preference or other behaviour tendencies such as aggregation. -- The results of this thesis confirm the influence of environmental heterogeneity on the phenology, morphology and host preference of B. leucopterus hirtus and the subsequent need for regional specificity in pest management, along with consideration of insect age and populations dynamics in host choice research.


identifier: Ayoub, Sarah <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Ayoub=3ASarah=3A=3A.html>   (2012) The surface morphology of thin AU films deposited on SI(001) substrates by sputter deposition.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
Thin (100 nm) gold films were deposited on Si(001) substrates by direct current magnetron sputtering. The effects of the deposition rate, the distance between the target and substrate, the substrate orientation, bias, temperature, and gas flow rate on the surface morphology of the Au film have been studied using atomic-force microscopy.  It was observed that the deposition of Au on Si(001) followed the typical Volmer-Weber growth mode characterized,  in the initial stages, by hemi-spherical grains distributed uniformly on the surface. Decreasing the target/substrate distance caused both the average grain diameter and height to increase. Decreasing the distance between the target and substrate from 19.5 cm to 5 cm and using a deposition rate of 0.1 Å/s produced samples in the second stages of the VW growth mode characterized by the coalescence of Au islands. Increasing the relative angle from 0ﾟ to 90ﾟ between the substrate and the substrate table caused the average grain diameter to decrease by approximately 8.7% and the average
grain height to increase by approximately 52.3%. Applying a high negative voltage to the substrate during the deposition  caused a small decrease of approximately 10.2% in average grain size and a change of 26.2% to the average grain height. When the substrate temperature was lowered during the deposition process from 12 to -11 ﾟC, a decrease of
21.6% was found in the average grain size while the height of the average grain increased by 44.7%. By adjusting the above parameters it was possible to obtain samples with
average grain size ranging from 26 to 180 nm with RMS roughness values ranging from 0.8 to 21 nm. The results of this work provides an understanding for how to produce a
wide range of surface morphologies of thin Au films on Si(001) for applications such as cantilever sensing and for producing bio-functionalized tips for atomic-force microscopy.


identifier: Baqee, Sumaiya <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Baqee=3ASumaiya=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Occupational health and safety education for youth : the process of constructing knowledge in the high-school curriculum.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In 1998 the Government of Newfoundland and Labrador (NL) introduced the Workplace Safety 3220 course to the provincial high school curriculum. Similar to occupational health and safety (OHS) courses introduced in other jurisdictions, this elective course aims to reduce occupational accidents and injuries among young workers. It is the first OHS curriculum that has been designed specifically for young workers in Newfoundland and Labrador.  In this thesis I describe the findings of my MA research, which examined the ways in which health and safety knowledge  is constructed in the high school curriculum. I used a multi-methods approach to examine the content of the Workplace Safety 3220 course. My findings reveal certain assumptions, biases and omissions embedded within the curriculum about what OHS means, and how it is experienced by different types of workers. The curriculum uses a technical and scientific approach to present the OHS knowledge, on rules, regulations, rights and responsibilities in relation to various types of occupational hazards. By using this technical and scientific  approach, the curriculum does not effectively capture workers' experiences of OHS or how the socio-economic and organizational contexts mediate accidents, injuries and management responses to these. There is a bias in the curriculum towards the OHS issues associated with blue-collar, industrial work, which is dominated by adults and male workers. The work that youth and women do is underrepresented, as are white-collar and pink-collar occupations, and occupations in rural and non-industrialized  areas. Using a social constructivist approach, I argue that these findings reflect the impact on the curriculum of power  relations and struggles within the government and of wider socio-economic structures, such as public and private institutions, businesses, and the education system. As a consequence to these biases and omission in the curriculum, young workers and female workers in particular are left in a  disadvantaged position within the OHS curriculum. I argue that one of the first steps to subverting these power relations and power struggles is to examine textual knowledge and bring to light how such knowledge is produced.


identifier: Bartlett, Zachary <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Bartlett=3AZachary=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Forecasting spatio-temporal vegetation changes in the mealy mountains using a cellular automata-markov chain hybrid model.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Sub-arctic temperatures are expected to increase by approximately 4°C by 2050. These changes are having impacts on vegetation patterns in arctic and sub-arctic environments, particularly along transition areas between forested and tundra ecosystems. Using multi-temporal satellite imagery, in combination with topographic variables, the changes in vegetation patterns from 1983 to 2008 were explored in a small, diverse region of the Mealy Mountains, Labrador. Bayesian probabilities were created for  each land cover class, with topographic variables used as a priori additions to the probabilities. Vegetation changes were related to topographic variables, climate, and Bayesian  probabilities. The Bayesian probability layers demonstrate the propensity for change of each land cover class used in the study. Knowledge of these changes was used in a cellular  automata-Markov chain model to predict vegetation changes to  2020 and 2032. The predictions suggest movement of deciduous  shrub along valley floors and into toe-slopes, as well as on  protected, south-facing slopes. Coniferous shrub is expected  to expand in the lower elevations (where it is dominant), and advance marginally along the valley floors.


identifier: Bhawsinka, Karan <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Bhawsinka=3AKaran=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Maneuvering simulation of displacement type ship and planing hull.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In this thesis, two separate PC based maneuvering simulation  programs have been developed using FORTRAN programming language. The first is for conducting displacement hull maneuvering simulation (it is capable of simulating all the standard ship maneuvers) and the second is for conducting planing hull maneuvering simulation (it is capable of simulating planing hull turning circle maneuver). Both programs are valid only when the vessel is moving in unbounded, calm, and deep water. A captive model test plan for a Zodiac Hurricane 733 craft has also been developed in this thesis, which can be used to measure and create the hydrodynamic coefficients database which is required as input by the developed planing hull maneuvering simulation program. -- For validation studies, standard maneuvers of ESSO OSAKA have been simulated using the displacement hull program and turning circle maneuvers of a simple planing craft (for which Katayama has published full scale sea trial  results) and the Zodiac Hurricane 733 craft (for which Virtual Marine Technology provided some full scale sea trial  data) have been simulated using the planing hull program. Simulation results have been compared with full scale sea trial results wherever data was available and good agreements have been found. Observed discrepancies in a few cases have been explained.


identifier: Bonnell, Carey <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Bonnell=3ACarey=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Evolution of seafood sustainability certification standards : key trends & considerations.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Thesis has no abstract


identifier: Boutet, Jean-Sébastien <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Boutet=3AJean-S=E9bastien=3A=3A.html>   (2012) An Innu-Naskapi ethnohistorical geography of industrial iron mining development at Schefferville, Québec.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis examines the era of iron ore activities at Schefferville between 1954 and 1983, a major period in the postwar industrial development of subarctic Québec. Relying on oral and written sources, it seeks to understand the roles and actions of Innu and Naskapi individuals during this phase of large-scale resource exploitation conducted by  the Iron Ore Company of Canada at the heart of their ancestral homeland. If the mining experience in Schefferville evolved in part to the detriment of the Innu and the Naskapi communities inhabiting the region, it is also shown that these groups worked to determine their own engagement with the industrial world, adjusting and maintaining their practices notably in order to combine the labour opportunities at the mine with their life on the land.


identifier: Browne, Thomas M. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Browne=3AThomas_M=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Analysis of compressive ice failure during ice-structure interaction.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Forty-four small-scale ice indentation tests have been performed on confined polycrystalline ice specimens in order  to aid in the understanding of the mechanics associated with  ice failure processes related to high pressure zones formed during ice-structure interaction. A review of fundamental ice mechanics theory, execution of a laboratory-scale experimental program, and analysis of the collected data were completed. -- Through analysis of the collected data, cyclic loading patterns, at frequencies as high as 250 Hz, have been linked to crushing and extrusion of ice associated  with high pressure zone failures. Structural compliance was observed to aid in the development of cyclic loading patterns and the frequency has been determined to have a linear dependence on structural stiffness. A linear relationship was also observed between the indentation speed  and the resulting cyclic loading frequency. A layer of damaged ice adjacent to the indenter was observed and composed of regions of both dense microfracture and recrystallized ice. -- This study is part of a larger, three  year research project on ice compressive failure mechanics that is jointly funded by Statoil and the Research and Development Corporation of Newfoundland and Labrador. Promising results from the work presented in this thesis will be used to guide the remainder of the research project.


identifier: Butt, Ashley <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Butt=3AAshley=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Analysis of phonological development and reading acquistion in children with autism spectrum disorder : where does comprehension get lost?  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Reading comprehension in children is often limited by weak decoding skill. Decoding is the transfer or translation of letters into units of meaning, i.e. the understanding of letter strings into words. Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have shown a different pattern in that they have poor reading comprehension but good decoding skill. The  aim of this study was to examine some of the possible sources of reading comprehension problems in children with ASD. The target population was children with a diagnosis of ASD who were between the ages of 4 and 9 and who lived in the St. John's, NL area. Ten participants completed tests assessing spelling, vocabulary, non-verbal reasoning, phonological awareness, word decoding as well as word, passage, and listening comprehension. Word decoding was assessed to confirm previous research and as a comparison tool. The children's decoding ability was similar to population means, t(9) = .44, p =.67, but within the groups sentence comprehension and listening comprehension were found to be poorer than word comprehension, t(9) = 4.08, p <  .01; t(9) = 3.08, p = .01, respectively. This pattern of findings suggested that problems in reading comprehension that have been observed in children with ASD were likely due  to factors other than decoding and could be due to more general difficulties with language processing.


identifier: Caines, Scott Clifford Peter <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Caines=3AScott_Clifford_Peter=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Variation in the population dynamics of the invasive bryozoan Membranipora membranacea along a 450-km latitudinal gradient in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The overall objective of this study was to quantify and compare seasonal (June to November) and inter-annual (2008 and 2009) variation in settlement, recruitment, and colony cover of the invasive bryozoan Membranipora membranacea on the kelp Saccharina longicruris across eight sites spanning a 450-km latitudinal gradient between the southwestern tip of Newfoundland and southeastern tip of Labrador. Thermal histories were calculated for each site to determine the extent that the observed variation was explained by sea temperature. Analysis of settlement data (Chapter II) indicated that (1) settler abundance varied both seasonally and annually with a sharp increase between August and September at warmer sites, and spatially with differences of up to three orders of magnitude between sites, (2) settler abundance and sea temperature were strongly correlated (r(2)=0.577), with maxima at mid-latitudes and minima at the northernmost and southernmost sites, and (3) exposure to waves, degree of kelp blade corrugations, and surface area of colonies of M. membranacea on kelp had little explanatory power on settler abundance across the study sites compared to sea temperature. Analysis of recruitment and colony cover data (Chapter III) indicated that (4) recruitment and colony cover varied seasonally, though variation generally decreased with increasing latitude, (5) temperature in the 76 days preceding measurements explained most [>60%] of the variation in recruitment within each month from late summer [September] to late fall [November] with the highest predictive capability (97%) in late fall, and (6) colony cover was strongly correlated (r(2)=0.524) to recruit abundance from late summer to late fall. Consistently low abundances of settlers, recruits, and colonies at the two northernmost sites suggested that M. membranacea is nearing its northern distribution limit in the northwest Atlantic. This study provides the first quantitative analysis of spatial and temporal variation in the abundance of M. membranacea in Newfoundland and Labrador since its introduction in the early 2000s. It strongly supports the general hypothesis that temperature is a key factor in regulating the population dynamics of this species, while suggesting that oceanographic phenomena such as upwelling and downwelling, which act on larval transport, also affect the dynamics at different spatial and temporal scales. A few inconsistencies both within the system studied and between the system studied and that of Nova Scotia indicate additional long-term observational and experimental studies are required to elucidate factors that regulate local and regional variation in the abundance of M. membranacea in cold temperate and subarctic environments.


identifier: Canning, Jennifer <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Canning=3AJennifer=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Fuzzy methodology for prediction of occupational accident rate.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: An occupational accident is defined as an unexpected and unplanned occurrence arising out of or in connection with work, resulting in personal injury, disease or death. The human cost of occupational accidents is vast and the economic burden of poor occupational health and safety practices is staggering, resulting in the loss of billions of dollars annually. -- Over the last 40 years, occupational  safety has been regulated under various national legislative  schemes to ensure a balanced approach to workplace health and safety issues and to minimize hazards and reduce risk in  the workplace. Model development in the research of accidents is considered to be the most effective way of studying the occupational accident issue, providing a proactive approach to address occupational concerns. -- The majority of research directed towards occupational accidents  is qualitative and relies on the opinions of experts in the ranking of risk. A key component in many occupational accident models lies in the derivation of qualitative data obtained through a survey of safety experts to propose graded or ranked causes of accidents. The subjective nature of expert opinion or judgements introduces a degree of uncertainty within the analytical process. This work focuses  on the development of a fuzzy methodology which is aimed to enhance the effectiveness of accident models by providing a mathematical tool to account for vagueness and uncertainty associated with expert judgements and opinions and to capture this uncertainty within the analysis. The novelty of  the proposed methodology lies in an approach that embraces uncertainty as an inseparable element of the system. The proposed methodology recognizes that uncertainty plays a role in decision making and uses fuzzy set theory to account  for and minimize uncertainty associated with the subjective nature of expert opinions. The fuzzy methodology will be incorporated into a predictive model developed to predict the frequency of occupational accidents and associated costs  within the oil and gas industry.


identifier: Cappa, Dario Fernando <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Cappa=3ADario_Fernando=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Neuromuscular characteristics of drop and hurdle jumps with different types of landings.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis has no abstract.


identifier: Caravan, Holly E. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Caravan=3AHolly_E=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2012) A chink in the armour: an investigation of thrips soldier morphology and sex in relation to fighting ability.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Explaining the persistence of self-sacrificing individuals throughout evolutionary time has been a central area of study for evolutionary biologists since Darwin. In total, seven species of Australian gall inducing thrips have evolved soldiers with enlarged femurs that are used to defend against invertebrate invaders. In the species Kladothrips intermedius, the sexes of soldiers differ morphologically - the females have more robust femurs than the male soldiers, which have longer wings, suggesting less commitment to this defensive role. There was no difference in the fighting abilities of the male and female soldiers in K intermedius. Morphology of the soldier, within a sex, was related to the outcome of a battle with an invader, but not in the way expected. Females with slimmer femurs were more likely to battle an invader. Also, female soldiers with shorter wings were better able to dispatch an invader while male soldiers with longer wings were less likely to battle an invader.


identifier: Carpenter, Mallory <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Carpenter=3AMallory=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Benthic habitats of a sub-arctic fiard: the case study of Okak Bay, Labrador.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The objective of this thesis is to classify and map the nature and distribution of benthic marine habitats of Okak Bay. Okak Bay is an irregularly shaped, generally shallow, low elevation estuary best described as a fiard, on the central Labrador coast. Supervised classification of multibeam sonar bathymetry and backscatter data ground-truthed with substrate and biotic samples were used to map the seafloor. Cluster analysis of grain size data from 123 substrate samples indicated 7 classes: mud, sandy mud, sandy, gravelly mud, gravelly sand, kelp and bedrock/boulder. Analysis of similarity and similarity percentage analysis show that the 7 substrates support 5 statistically distinct habitats, divided into soft-bottom: mud, sandy mud, and gravelly sandy mud; and hard-bottom: kelp and bedrock/boulder. Key species comprising the soft-bottom habitats are deposit-feeding bivalves and polychaete, whereas encrusting epifauna dominates the hard-bottom habitats. The accuracy of the substrate and habitat maps was assessed at 71% and 82%, respectively. A sensitivity analysis of habitats to potential stressors suggests that kelp and gravelly sandy mud are most vulnerable to a variety of impacts including the majority of fishing activities and physical environment changes such as increases in turbidity and sedimentation, and steps should be taken to protect representative areas. The distribution and nature of habitats within Okak Bay differed significantly from others Labrador fiords, supporting the hypothesis that fiards are distinct marine estuarine systems, both physically and oceanographically, and developing a better understanding of these habitats will contribute to resource management initiatives within the central Labrador region as a whole.


identifier: Carruthers, Erin H. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Carruthers=3AErin_H=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Ecological and societal context of catch and discards: identifying opportunities for bycatch mitigation in swordfish and tuna pelagic longline fisheries.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Bycatch, defined here as catch discarded for regulatory, economic or personal reasons, from pelagic longline fisheries has contributed to wide spread population declines of sharks and sea turtles. Opportunities to reduce impacts in these fisheries occur throughout the fishing process and depend upon the fishing practices within fleets, and upon the behaviour of target and bycatch species. The overall objective of this thesis was to identify bycatch mitigation opportunities within the Canadian Atlantic pelagic longline fishery, which targets swordfish (Xiphias gladius), warm-water tunas (bigeye, Thunnus obesus; yellowfin T. albacares; and albacore, T. alalunga) and mahi-mahi (Coryphaena hippurus). Bycatch includes common sharks and rays (blue shark, Prionace glauca; pelagic stingray, Pteroplatytrygon violacea), and endangered sea turtles (leatherback Dermochelys coriacea; loggerhead, Caretta caretta). Bycatch mitigation approaches such as shifting to circle hooks, increased the likelihood that shark bycatch would be released alive and with less severe hooking injuries. Shorter longline soak times also increased hooking survival among most of the common bycatch species. Shorter soak times would not decrease catch of the most common landed species (swordfish), but this shift in fishing practices could negatively impact fisher safety. Interviews with active longline captains revealed operational difficulties and unintended ecological impacts with proposed bycatch mitigation approaches. Longline captains also reported innovative uses of bycatch mitigation tools that could increase post-release survival of common bycatch species in this and other pelagic longline fleets. Finally, the combined analysis of fisheries observer data, qualitative data from fishers' knowledge interviews, and concurrent environmental data suggested that high blue shark catch rates were related to local oceanography - and did not reflect behavioural differences between blue shark and swordfish. Clearly, there are opportunities for bycatch mitigation within the Canadian pelagic longline fishery for swordfish and tunas. However, the process of interviewing pelagic longline captains revealed both interest in reducing bycatch, but also suspicion of research efforts. Such trust issues will need to be addressed in subsequent research as the combined use of fishery assessments, detailed oceanographic data, practical fishing knowledge, and on-the-water observations will be needed to decrease the amount of and harm to discarded bycatch.


identifier: Chen, Jie <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Chen=3AJie=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Performance evaluation of network-on-chip architectures.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: With the development of integrated circuit technology, System-on-Chip (SoC), which is composed of heterogeneous cores on a single chip, has entered the billion-transistor era. As the microprocessor industry moves from single-core to multi-core, and eventually to many-core architectures, providing tens to hundreds of similar cores on a single multiprocessor chip will be necessary. Efficient communication among different processors becomes critical. Therefore, a high-performance, flexible, scalable, and design-friendly interconnection architecture is highly desired for modern SoC and microprocessor designs. --  How to provide efficient communication within a SoC architecture poses a challenge to both academia and industry. Before the advent of Network-on-Chip (NoC), interconnection architectures were usually based on dedicated wires or shared buses. However, they cannot be easily scaled up to meet the ever-increasing demand from the on-chip systems. NoC has been proposed as a highly structured and scalable solution to address the communication problems in on-chip systems. NoC has several advantages over dedicated wiring and buses, e.g., high bandwidth, low latency, low power consumption, and scalability. For NoCs, messages are transported back and forth via the interconnection networks. Thus, the interconnections among multiple cores on a chip have a significant impact on communication efficiency and the performance of a chip design in terms of end-to-end delay, throughput, and packets loss ratio. Therefore, it is worthwhile studying the different characteristics of different interconnection network topologies. Another vital factor which can affect network performance is the particular communications requirements of the applications. Without targeting any specific applications, spatial and temporal distributions are explored to study the performance of various interconnection network architectures. It is clearly reflected through our study that networks of different architectures can perform differently under various traffic conditions. In this thesis, the most popular topologies and some recent topologies are reviewed and compared, and Three target architectures are chosen: torus (a representative topology of recent topologies), Metacube (a representative topology of recent topologies) and hypercube (a representative topology of popular topologies with relatively high cost). Their performance under different traffic models is studied. Three temporal distributions including Poisson, MMPP and Pareto, and three spatial distributions including bit-complement, random uniform and hot spot, are discussed in this thesis. Based on the simulation results, strengths and limitations of the torus, the Metacube and the hypercube are summarized.


identifier: Chen, Yuan <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Chen=3AYuan=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Field investigation and modeling of metal transport and fate in a coastal watershed by DYNHYD5 and WASP.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Water pollution in coastal watersheds due to the introduction of toxic substances from industrial discharges, land, and storm drains has been a growing concern for both the public and governments. Over the years, great efforts have been paid by engineers and researchers to study the transport and fate of pollutants within a watershed in order to evaluate the impacts of water pollution on human and aquatic life. However, fewer studies have been undertaken to investigate the applications of water quality models to coastal watersheds, particularly to model the transport and fate of metals. This research proposed an integrated water quality monitoring and modeling approach for coastal waters. The approach is applied to the Nut Brook and Kelligrews River, a local watershed in Newfoundland. Intermittent field monitoring and sampling have been conducted in a number of sites within the watershed since 2006 for pollution source identification and data collection. In order to compensate the limitations existing in the intermittent field sampling and monitoring, a hydrodynamic model (DYNHYD5) and a water quality model (WASP) were utilized for hydrodynamic and water quality simulation of metals in the watershed. The selected models are found to be quite effective in simulating the trends of concerned pollutants levels over the entire study time period. Based on the results from field investigation and water quality monitoring and modeling, a number of recommendations were made to the local authorities for facilitating water pollution control and quality management practices.