title: Factors influencing thermal variability and fish distribution in small boreal steams / by Lisa McKee.

contributor:
Mackereth, Robert
Hecnar, Stephen
Mallik, Azim

subject: Fishes - Geographical distribution

subject: Riparian areas,  Effect of temperature on

subject: Fishes, Effect of temperature on

subject: Nipigon region (Ontario)

abstract:
The spatial variability of stream temperature is an important component of habitat within streams providing optimal temperatures for foraging and thermal refugia for sensitive species such as brook trout. Riparian shading and lateral contributions of groundwater through the hyporheic zone are the main contributors to spatial variability in stream temperature. The first two objectives of this study were to quantify thermal variability in stream systems through extensive mapping of streambed temperatures and to evaluate the influence of thermal variability on the stream fish distribution and community structure. The third objective was to examine associations between thermal variability and environmental variables at reach, riparian and catchment scales to identify features that may be used to characterize thermally important stream reaches. A total of 55 sample sites were surveyed during the warmest and driest season for Northwestern Ontario (mid-July - September) in streams from 4 catchments size classes; 1, 3, 5 and 10 km [squared]. Streambed thermal variability occurred on a sub-metre scale with temperature fluctuating up to 5.8 °C across a transect perpendicular to stream flow. The maximum variability found was 10.1 °C within a 50 m reach and 12.0 °C within a 300 m survey. Thermal
variability was driven by cold streambed temperatures; 44 of 55 reaches had larger deviations below the mean streambed temperature than above the mean, which is an indication of cool groundwater entering the streambed. Fish species diversity and brook trout abundance was significantly higher in reaches with high thermal variability, while
rainbow trout abundance was significantly lower. Fish species richness within a reach could be predicted as low (<5) or high (>5), with thermal variability as an independent variable using logistic regression. High (>0.10) or low (<0.10) rainbow trout abundance (fish/m[squared]) could also be predicted using thermal variability. Fish size was not found to be
associated to thermal variability. Furthermore, thermal variability was correlated with terrestrial variables associated with groundwater movement, including the amount of adjacent land contributing surface and subsurface runoff to the stream, also known as reach contributing area (RCA). Reaches with large RCAs had significantly higher levels of thermal variability compared to reaches with small RCAs. However, the relationship
between thermal variability and RCA was only found for reaches in the two largest stream catchment size classes (5 and 10 km[squared]) due to the dominance of groundwater during base flow of the two smallest catchments (1 and 3 km[squared]). Areas of low and high thermal variability differed in landscape topography, terrestrial surface roughness, landform geology and streambed permeability, which are all related to groundwater flow.
In regions such as Northwestern Ontario, where hydrologic pathways are related to topographic features it is possible to use environmental features, such as RCA, to locate lateral groundwater inputs into streams. This predictive ability allows for identification, management and protection of valued ecosystem components important for the maintenance of ecological integrity of streams.
Study area : Nipigon Bay Basin, Northwestern Ontario.


title: Efficacy of intensive case management for a concurrently disordered population

subject: Mental illness (Treatment Ontario, Northwestern Evaluation)

subject: Substance abuse

subject: Mentally ill (Substance use Ontario, Northwestern)

abstract:
The Northwestern Ontario Concurrent Disorders Program (NOCDP) offers a
multidisciplinary, assertive community treatment approach to clients with
concurrent disorders, substance dependence and co-morbid severe and persistent
Axis I and/or Axis II disorder. Substance use in a psychiatric population lessens
the effectiveness of treatment, increases the symptom severity of the mental
illness, and leads to less successful treatment outcomes. Accordingly, these
individuals need programming tailored specifically to their psychopathology,
substance(s) of choice, and social supports. The present research examines the
population that NOCDP serves, and the effectiveness of its programming. Client
symptom reporting, reported impact of substance use, number of hospitalizations,
legal activity, residential status, education/employment activity and income level
are used as measures of treatment success. While improvements within groups
were indicated on some measures, significant differences between groups were
not found. Level of functioning of NOCDP clients did improve over time, but
interpretation of the data was complicated by design limitations related to the
naturalistic nature of the study.


title: Experimental characterization of a hybrid photovoltaic-thermal system with regeneration

contributor:
Ismail, Basel
Singh, Birbal
Pakzad, Leila

subject: Natural resources in Canada

subject: Global energy consumption

subject: Solar radiation on earth's surface

subject: Solar thermal collectors

subject: Solar photovoltaic-thermal systems (HPVT)

subject: Optical losses in a PV panel

abstract:
Currently, enormous quantities of waste energy are continuously discharged into
the earth’s atmosphere from various sources. For example, in a photovoltaic panel, about
85% of the incident light is either dissipated as heat or reflected from the PV surface
accounting huge losses. Reflection losses in a PV panel can be up to 20% even with
antireflection layers inbuilt in them. In order to regenerate some of the optical losses in a
photovoltaic system, a new hybrid photovoltaic-thermal system with regeneration
(HPVT-Regen) is designed and built in this research. The new HPVT-Regen system
design allows the photovoltaic and thermal subsystems to function independently while
regenerating some of the optical losses by hybridization. The 3-D designs with complete
dimensions of the experiment components were made in CATIA V5. The components
were then purchased, fabricated and assembled with required instruments for detailed
experimental characterization. Detailed experimentation of the HPVT-Regen system was
conducted under indoor lab-scale solar simulator as well as under outdoor solar radiation
conditions of Thunder Bay, Ontario. The results showed that the HPVT-Regen system
regenerated 14% of the incident light, which was reflected from the PV panel and then
converted into electrical as well as thermal energy. From the reflected light, the indoor
test set up regenerated approximately 17 mW of electric power under lab simulator lights
contributing less than 1% more electric power per unit surface area whereas the outdoor
test set up regenerated approximately 137 mW of electric power under solar radiation
contributing approximately 3% more electric power per unit surface area. The HPVT-Regen
system regenerated 34% more thermal power in both indoor testing as well as in
outdoor testing raising approximately 2.7 ⁰C of air temperature solely from the reflected
light. This research thesis presents and discusses the design and real-time performance
characteristics of the HPVT-Regen system under various real-time operating conditions.


title: Potassium impact on red pine (Pinus resinosa) diameter and height growth

subject:
Red pine (Pinus resinosa)
Red pine growth patterns
Soil nutrients effect (tree growth)

abstract:
This thesis explores the relationship between the soil nutrient potassium and its
effect on red pine growth. This thesis summarizes existing knowledge on differing soils
impact on red pine and the lack of polymorphism. The importance of individual nutrient
effects on growth determines the overall effect and optimization of amelioration.
Individual nutrient effects on red pine growth are not available for mature red pine
stands and are generally restricted to early growth. Although soil texture is not a direct
influence on growth, nutrients in the soil impact growth behaviour. This study aims to
compare two similar red pine stands in northwestern Ontario and determine the
statistical difference in diameter and height growth. Stands height, diameter, and
mortality were cumulatively measured in previous years. The top 15 cm of soil in each
plot was measured and a Motte® soil sample test was completed to determine the pH,
nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium. The tree growth measurements were compared
with soil samples taken randomly in each plot with Microsoft Excel and SPSS. Our
findings showed an increase of 17-22% in diameter, 18- 24% in height, and a decrease
of 11% for mortality. Our results showed a significant correlation between increased
diameter and height growth with an increase in potassium levels. Our study revealed that
red pine plantations could provide a higher amount of volume through the amelioration
of harvested stands.


title: Relationship between depression and social ties

subject:
Depression in old age Social aspects
Depression, Mental Social aspects
Social isolation

abstract:
Imagine having an illness that stripped away your identity, had the ability to impair or
destroy valuable relationships, and left you crippled with sadness and anxiety (Canadian Mental
Health Association [CMHA], 2010b; Public Health Agency of Canada [PHAC], 2010b). It
would be overwhelming, to say the least. Added to that is the fact that the rates of relapse are
high for this illness, and for some sufferers death is inevitable (Beattie, Pachana & Franklin,
2010; CMHA, 2010b; Jhingan as cited by Rajkumar, Thangadurai, Senthilkumar, Gayathri,
Prince & Jacob, 2009). Tragically, those who cannot cope with this illness may commit suicide,
if they do not die from related physical causes (Alexopoulos, 2005; Beattie et al., 2010; Bephage,
2005; Chew-Graham, 2010; CMHA, 2010b; Gilmour, 2010; Golden, Conroy, Bruce, Denihan,
Greene, Kirby, et al., 2009). The name of this illness? Depression.
Depression is an elusive mental illness. Three million Canadians will experience
depression in their lifetime from various causes (CMHA, 2010b). But, there is no single cause
for this condition. Researchers indicate that chemical imbalances in the brain, medications,
physical conditions, psychosocial and socio-economical factors may be among the potential
causes of depression (Alexopoulos, 2005; Beattie et al., 2010; Butcher & McGonigal-Keimey as
cited by Costa, 2006; Chew-Graham, 2010; Cicirelli, 2009; Cyr, 2007; Grundy, 2006; PHAC,
2010c; Yohannes & Baldwin, 2008).


title: Does the presentation of neonatal abstinence syndrome symptoms differ among infants based on exposure substance?

contributor:
McQueen, Karen
Jamieson, John
Bedard, Michel
Murphy-Oikonen, Jodie

subject:
Substance exposure
Neonatal outcomes
Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS)
Substance abuse during pregnancy

abstract:
INTRODUCTION: Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is one of the primary
negative effects of substance use during pregnancy. Neonatal abstinence  syndrome refers to a generalized disorder observed in infants experiencing opiate withdrawal. Signs and symptoms of NAS include yawning, sneezing, sweating, stuffy nose, mottling, fever and increased secretion of tears, and often the development of tremors, high pitched cry, increased muscle tone and irritability. The modified Finnegan scoring tool is widely used to assess NAS and guide NAS treatment. However, the emphasis is usually on the total score. Little is known about which symptoms (individual items) on the modified Finnegan Scoring Tool are the most commonly observed among infants presenting with NAS
and whether they differ based on type of substance exposure. Similarly, little is known whether the severity of NAS differs based on the type of substance exposure. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the presentation of NAS symptoms, severity of NAS and neonatal outcomes differ among infants based on the substances they were exposed to in utero. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted collecting data from infant and maternal health records (over a   one year period) from a tertiary care hospital. ANALYSIS: Descriptive statistics, Chi-Square and One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) using the Student- Newman-Keul (SNK) post hoc
comparisons were conducted to determine whether significant differences existed between groups on outcome variables based on exposure substance. RESULTS: Data were collected on 131 infantjmother pairs. Infants were categorized by exposure substance into one of four groups; methadone only, methadone and other substances, single non-methadone, and poly non-methadone. Three symptoms (increased muscle tone, tremors when disturbed and fever between 37.2°C and 38.3°C) were identified as the most common symptoms observed across all four groups of infants. Two symptoms (generalized convulsions, fever :?38.4°C) were never observed in any of the four groups, and ten symptoms were seen at a frequency of less than 5% in any of the groups. No clear significant differences were found between the four groups on the relative frequency of symptom observation. However, infants exposed to methadone (solely or in addition to other substances) experienced more severe  NAS compared to infants not exposed to methadone. This was demonstrated by the significantly higher peak scores, longer time from onset of symptoms to peak score, larger number of infants requiring pharmacological treatment, longer  length of treatment and longer lengths of stay in hospital. No significant differences among the four groups were found for any of the neonatal outcomes including term, weight, length, head circumference, and one minute and five minute Apgar scores. CONCLUSION: Infants exposed to methadone (alone or with other substances) experienced more severe NAS after delivery than did those exposed to substances other than methadone. Further evaluation of and a
possible reduction in the number of items on the modified Finnegan scoring tool  is needed as many items were rarely if ever observed, regardless of the substance exposure. There are varying findings in the literature regarding differences in birth outcomes based on substance exposure, further investigation is justified.


title: Self-tuned neuro-fuzzy controller based induction motor drive / by Zhi Rui Huang.

contributor:
Wang, Wilson
Uddin, Mohammad

subject:
Induction motors
Intelligent control systems
Fuzzy logic

abstract:
Among various ac motors, induction motor (IM) occupies almost 90% of the industrial drives due to its simple, robust construction and generally satisfactory efficiency as compared to dc motor. However, the control of IM is complex due to its nonlinear nature and the parameters change with operating conditions. Since 1980s, field orientation principle (FOP) has been used for high performance control of IM. Due to the well-known drawbacks of the fixed-gain proportional-integral (PI), proportional-integral-derivative (PID) and various adaptive controllers, over the last two decades researchers have been working to apply artificial intelligent controller (AIC) for IM drives due to its advantages as compared to the conventional PI, PID and adaptive controllers.  The main advantages are that these controllers can handle any nonlinearity of arbitrary complexity, and their performances are robust. Also fuzzy rules and neural network (NN) can be used to model a process for model reference or model predictive control. Meanwhile, the designs of these controllers do
not depend on accurate system mathematical model. Neuro-fuzzy controller (NFC), as a kind of artificial intelligent controller (AIC), has attracted much attention by researchers as it takes advantages from both fuzzy logic controller (FTC) and NN by combining the expert human knowledge and the learning ability of the NN.
Despite lots of research on AIC application for motor drives, industries are
still reluctant to use AIC for real-life industrial drives. The main reason is that most of AIC require complex calculation and hence suffer from high computational burden. Therefore, attention needs to be paid to develop AIC which is suitable for practical applications. In order to achieve that, in this thesis, first, a novel, low computational and simplified self-tuned NFC is developed for the speed control of IM drive. For the proposed NFC only the speed error is used as the input, unlike conventional NFCs,
which utilize both speed error and its derivative as inputs. Obviously, this
simplification lowers down computational burden and makes the NFC easier to be implemented in practical applications. Next, a faulty IM with broken rotor bars (IMBRB) is considered and a NFC is developed to minimize the speed ripple of that motor. The speed error and rotor electrical angle are used as two inputs o f the NFC.
A supervised self-tuning method is also developed for the developed NFCs.
The system error, instead of controller error, has been utilized to tune the membership functions and weights because the desired controller output is not readily available. Also the convergences/divergences of the weights are analyzed and investigated.
Simulation models for indirect field oriented control of IM incorporating both of the developed NFCs are developed in Matlab/Simulink. IM drives based on both of the developed NFCs are successfully implemented in real-time using DSP board DS1I04. For the first NFC, comparisons with conventional NFC and PI are done both in simulation and experiment at different operating conditions for a laboratory 1/3 hp IM. Also the effectiveness o f the second NFC is tested for a laboratory 0.5 hp IMBRB
both in simulation and experiment, compared to a well-tuned PI controller. It is found from the experimental results that the proposed NFC reduces the fundamental and second harmonic components of speed ripple which are significant components as compared to high frequency components.


title: Comparison of risk factors and criminogenic need among incarcerated young offender, probationary young offender and non offender samples

subject: Juvenile corrections

subject: Juvenile delinquency (Psychological aspects)

abstract:
This research examined some of the risk/need factors that discriminate offending
from non-offending youth employing three groups of adolescents at different
points on the crime continuum. Non-offenders (n=30), probationary young
offenders (n=28) and incarcerated young offenders (n=28), aged 16 to 18 years
were subjects for whom a number of psychometric measures and other data were
collected. A self-report measure of delinquent and criminal activity (SRP) was
developed and used to validate group assignment along the crime continuum.
Risk/need measures were predominantly psychometric and included measures of
personality, drug abuse, alcohol abuse, family dysfunction, intelligence, academic
achievement and the SRP. Drug abuse, family dysfunction and last complete grade
were the measures which discriminated among all three groups. Increased
criminality was associated with increased drug abuse problems, increased family
dysfunction and a lower self-reported grade achievement level. Of lesser relevance
in identifying group experiences were alcohol abuse, IQ, depression and
psychiatric symptomology. The results and limitations of the study are discussed.


title: Adaptive steady-state analysis of circuits using wavelets

subject:
Wavelet domain
Nonlinear circuits
RF integrated circuits
Circuit analysis

abstract:
This thesis presents research into utilizing the sparse representations of waveforms that are possible
in the wavelet domain to increase the computational efficiency of the steady-state analysis of electric
circuits. The system of non-linear equations that represent the circuits are formulated in the wavelet
domain and solved using Newton-Raphson method. Factoring the Jacobian matrix each iteration is a
major contributor to the computational time required for solving the circuit equations with NewtonRaphson method. This research aims to reduce the computational time of factoring the Jacobian matrix
and has led to the following contributions:
1. A study on the effect of wavelet selection on the sparsity of the Jacobian matrix and nodal variable
vectors: Results show that there is no one wavelet that provides the sparsest Jacobian matrices
in every case but the Haar wavelet tends to be a good choice if Jacobian matrix sparsity is a
concern. However, the time domain provides sparser Jacobian matrices than all of the wavelets
tested. Selection of a wavelet to provide the sparsest nodal variable vectors is much more difficult
and no one wavelet stood out as providing sparser vectors than the others.
2. A method for increasing the sparsity of the Jacobian matrix via removal of low amplitude entries: The threshold to determine which elements to remove is adaptively controlled during the
simulation. Results show that there can be a significant decrease in Jacobian matrix density with
adaptive thresholding but the Haar wavelet tends to provide the sparsest matrices with the test
cases. The results show that adaptive Jacobian matrix thresholding can lead to a speedup over the
non-thresholded wavelet domain steady-state analysis. In some cases, this speedup was enough to
lead to a speedup over the time domain when the non-thresholded simulations ran slower than the
time domain.
3. Two new methods that reduce the problem size by taking advantage of the sparse representations
that are possible with the nodal variable vectors in the wavelet domain: A unique feature of one
of these methods is that it allows for the automatic selection of a wavelet for each nodal variable.
Results show a speedup over wavelet domain steady-state analysis for some test cases. There were
some test cases where there was a slowdown compared to wavelet domain steady-state analysis
which was caused by the computational overhead associated with these methods. With one circuit,
the number of columns in the Jacobian matrix was not reduced for most iterations. More work is
required to determine if this is due to the method used to select columns from the Jacobian matrix,
the method used to control the error introduced into the update vectors by the column reduction
method, or if there are some problems that cannot benefit from the column reduction method.


title: An empirical test of norm-containment theory as applied to criminal behavior

subject:
Criminal behavior, Prediction of
Criminal psychology

abstract: Norm-containment theory (Reckless, 1961a, 1961b, 1962, 1967; Reckless and Dinitz, 1967; Reckless and Shoham, 1963) postulates that there are two containing buffers which steer the individual away from delinquency: inner-containment and outer-containment. Inner-containment is a form of internal control exercised by the individual over himself; the theory states that the internal control is essentially composed of a 'good' self-concept and also a high degree of self-control, tolerance, and a high sense of responsibility. Outer-containment refers to the degree of external control exercised over the individual by the family; the latter is more effective when the family provides the individual with an opportunity for acceptance and belongingness. The hypotheses that norm-containment theory advances in the explanation of criminal behavior were examined.


title: Past and future impacts of climate change on boreal forest timber supply

contributor:
Shahi, Chander
Chen, Han
Wang, Jian

subject:
Climate change
Boreal forest
Aboveground biomass
Harvest operations

abstract:
The boreal forest is home to a thriving forest industry which requires stable, long term timber to remain viable. Anthropogenic climate change, caused by the release of greenhouse gasses, is occurring rapidly in northern locations. Climate change impacts the boreal forest in many different ways and has the potential impact forestry operations considerably. While there has been significant research on both climate change and the boreal forest, few studies combine both topics to include long-term timber supply. Knowledge gaps exist in terms of how ecological impacts from climate change will affect forestry, particularly in terms of net biomass, species compositions, forest disturbances and species migrations. There is also a lack of timber forecasting studies that utilize forest disturbances and implement drought mortality. Throughout this thesis, these key areas are addressed.
We first conducted a literature review and synthesis of the impacts of climate change on boreal forest timber supply. We found that the disparity between migration rates of tree species with ongoing climate change may reduce the overall forest area of the boreal long term. Regional forest disturbances are increasing in frequency and intensity, affecting harvestable volumes and timber quality. Species compositions are changing; favoring early successional conifers and deciduous broadleaf species because of new local climates and more frequent disturbances. Most importantly, net biomass is likely in decline since regional increases in growth are outweighed by general increases in overall tree mortality. Our synthesis concluded that considerable reductions in the quality and quantity of boreal timber supply are likely to occur in the near future without forestry adaptation strategies or climate mitigation measures being implemented.
We then simulated four climate change scenarios in three boreal forest regions to test the effect on long term timber supply and the success of two harvesting intensities. By adding annual, species specific, drought-induced tree mortality to a previously published landscape model, we sought to more completely study this important topic. Our results show long term declines in aboveground biomass, regional increases in tree mortality (from fires, insects and drought), and species composition shifts favoring broadleaf and temperate forest species. Our area-based harvesting prescriptions show that with lower harvesting intensity, consistent harvest levels area more likely to be maintained. However, our most severe climate forcing shows considerable reductions in aboveground biomass and harvested biomass. These findings necessitate action for mitigation of climate change and forestry adaptation strategies to cope with negative climate impacts.
In summary, climate change considerably impacts the future success of boreal forestry. Our review of recent literature suggests that the consequences of climate change far outweigh the benefits. Our simulation results show annual biomass levels generally declines, especially in extreme future climates. Continued study and urgent management actions are needed to successfully adapt forest industry to the pressures of climate change.


title: Low-power multi-band injection-locked wireless receiver

subject:
Wireless sensor network technology
Injection-locked oscillator
Ultra-low-power linearized LNA

abstract:
The demand for low-power high-performance wireless receivers has dramatically in-
creased with the emerging deployment of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Among the
demodulation schemes, non-coherent receivers consume less power in comparison with its
counterpart, e.g. the coherent receiver, attributed to its simple architecture and fewer com-
ponents. The injection-locking based envelope detection design, consisting of a low-noise
amplifier (LNA), injection-locked oscillator, and an envelope detector, has drawn a lot more
attention in recent years for low-power non-coherent demodulation. However, the utilization
of the injection-locked oscillator, providing
flexibility and high performance, remains quite
challenging.
This thesis describes both the circuit level and mathematical model of injection-
locking, allowing for the implementation of a CMOS receiver offering low-power, high per-
formance and the ability to support multiple radio frequency bands. By leveraging both
fundamental and superharmonic injection-locking, the receiver is capable of operating at
 ve frequency bands, e.g., 433 MHz, 863 MHz, 915 MHz, 950 MHz, and 2.4 GHz, used for
WSN applications.
One of the challenges of making use of superharmonic injection-locking is the narrow
lock range that is insufficient for the oscillator to implement frequency-to-amplitude conver-
sion under the locked-in status while maintaining low-power performance. A mathematical
model developed in this work reveals the relationship between the lock range of superhar-
monic injection-locking and the third-order coefficient of the nonlinearity. An examination
of the injection transistor operating in the weak and strong inversion region leads to the
discovery of an optimal biasing point in the subthreshold region where the maximum lock range can be attained.


title: Studies of the biology of swim bladder nematodes, Cystidicola spp. (Habronematoidea)

subject:
Nematoda
Freshwater fishes Ontario
Fishes
Parasites

abstract:
The life cycle and larval development of swim bladder nematodes, Cystidicola spp., have been elucidated. C, farionis developed in three species of amphipod. Naturally infected amphipods have been found previously but one well known report was not valid. C. cristivomeri. developed in Mysis relicta but not in amphipods. Naturally infected mysids were found. The third-stage larva of Cystidicola spp. and other cystidicolids undergoes considerable growth and development, but not the third moult, in
the intermediate host.
C, cristivomeri was found in lake trout, brook trout, a new host record, and lake whitefish, probably an abnormal host. The intensity of infection of c. cristivomeri in lake trout in northwestern Ontario lakes was very high where the trout may be planktonivorous throughout their life. C, cristivomeri may have disappeared from the Great Lakes when lake trout populations
declined severely. C. farionis was found in a variety of salmonids including introduced species in Lakes Huron and Superior. Eggs of C. farionis had mostly lateral filaments in lake whitefish and mostly polar filaments in other fish hosts. The number of filaments was variable. Changes in the intensity of infection in lake whitefish with age likely relate to changes in amount and kind of food eaten and growth rate of the fish. The movements and feeding
habits of the fish hosts determine which amphipods are important
in natural transmission of the parasite.


title: Death and bereavement in Northern Ontario's long-term care facilities

subject: Death (Psychological aspects)

subject: Bereavement, grief, mourning

subject: Long-term care of the sick (Psychological aspects)

abstract:
The formal and informal supports available to families, staff, and residents of long-term
care facilities, along with how death was handled, were examined. With the assistance
of long-term care staff, a survey was developed to gather this information. The results
indicated that a variety of formal and informal resources were used by the 3 groups to
cope with bereavement. Nurses in direct care of dying residents carried the
responsibility of notifying the family, staff, and other residents of the impending and
subsequent death of a resident. The average turn-around time to admit a new resident
was 48 hours. The findings are consistent with the previous literature, and provide a
basis on which standards of practice for bereavement can be developed.


title: Differential item and test functioning of the Brief Child and Family Phone Interview in First Nations and non-First Nations children and adolescents / by Dana Bova.

subject: Native children

subject: Child mental health

subject: Native youth

subject: Mental health

subject: Ontario

subject: Aboriginal youth

subject: Brief Child and Family Phone Interview (BCFPI)

abstract: In 2001 the Ontario Ministry of Social Services mandated that all Ontario funded providers of children mental health services utilize the BCFPI (Brief Child and Family Phone Interview) which assesses emotional and behavioural disorders in children and adolescents.  It evaluates : regulation of attention ; impulsivity ; activity level ; cooperation with others ; conduct ; separation from parents ; managing anxiety ; managing mood, and in addition, it explores how these problems influence the child's academic, social and family functioning.--Leaf 21


title: Cortical response to a chocolate craving induction among restrained and unrestrained eaters

subject:
Craving
Cortical response
Restrained eaters
Unrestrained eaters
Cortical asymmetry

abstract: Interest in the cortical response to food craving in restrained eaters is a relatively unexplored area. Typically when presented with images of highly appetizing food, healthy individuals will show greater left than right frontal hemispheric activity, an event indicative of heightened approach motivation. To date there are no known studies showing this same effect in restrained eaters. However, it has been shown that restrained eaters have greater right frontal cortical activity at rest compared with unrestrained eaters. The purpose of this study was to examine cortical asymmetry in restrained eaters using an electroencephalogram (EEG) while undergoing a craving induction.


title: Optimization of Software Transactional Memory through Linear Regression and Decision Tree

contributor:
Atoofian, Ehsan
Jannesari, Ali

subject:
Software Transactional Memory (STM)
Multiprocessors
Linear regression
Decision trees

abstract: Software Transactional Memory (STM) is a promising paradigm that facilitates programming for shared memory multiprocessors. In STM programs, synchronization of accesses to the shared memory locations is fully handled by STM library and does not require any intervention by programmers. While STM eases parallel programming, it results in run-time overhead which increases execution time of certain applications. In this thesis, we focus on overhead of STM and propose optimization techniques to enhance speed of STM applications. In particular, we focus on size of transaction, read-set, and write-set and show that execution time of applications significantly changes by varying these parameters. Optimizing these parameters manually is a time consuming process and requires significant labor work. We exploit Linear Regression (LR) and propose an optimization technique that decides on these parameters automatically. We further enhance this technique by using decision tree. The decision tree improves accuracy of predictions by selecting appropriate LR model for a given transaction. We evaluate our optimization techniques using a set of benchmarks from Stamp, NAS and DiscoPoP benchmark suites. Our experimental results reveal that LR and decision tree together are able to improve performance of STM programs up to 54.8%.


title: Comparative assessment of SFMM/Stanley & COMPLAN for forest management planning in Ontario

subject: Forest management

subject: SFMM (Strategic Forest Management Model)

subject: COMPLAN

subject: Spatial modelling

abstract:
The growing complexity of forest management planning issues requires the best
planning tools available. A key question facing forest management planners in Ontario
is whether SFMM (and its harvest-blocking tool Stanley) are the appropriate tools. The
most effective method to evaluate SFMM/Stanley’s appropriateness is to compare it
with a model proven in other jurisdictions.
Through the study the differences in the approaches to forest management taken by
each model became apparent. The differences between optimization and simulation
apart, the biggest difference derived from the role the model developers envisioned for
their model. SFMM was designed as a tool to develop management strategies in even-aged
forests. The scope is over a large area and long timeframe, typical of preparing a
forest management plan in the province, this makes allowance for a loss of a certain
amount of detail. COMPLAN was designed in partnership with industrial clients and
emphasizes operational considerations, much more so than SFMM. COMPLAN
attempts to maintain as much detail as possible. The model also integrates the spatial
component into the operational planning, as spatial constraints are identified as a key
factor in the operational planning process.


title: Lumber recovery, a leaf area model, and water use in response to commercial thinning, for plantation grown black spruce (Picea mariana [Mills] B.S.P.) / by Steven M. Young.

contributor:
Reid, Doug
Morris, David
Meyer, Lense
Lane, Janet

subject:
Black spruce - Thinning
Northwestern Ontario

abstract:
Three black spruce (Picea mariana [Mills] B.S.P.) plantations (Airstrip, Boom Lake and Tyrol Lake), in northwestern Ontario, with varied stand densities (2806 stems ha[superscript -1], 2285 stems ha[superscript -1], and 3578 stems ha[superscript -1], respectively) and site indices (11.8 m, 13.3 m, 10.9 m, respectively) were studied to determine lumber properties and yield and to develop a model to predict leaf area. The Boom Lake site was also studied to assess the impacts of site disturbance and residual tree damage from commercial thinning on tree water use.
With respect to lumber recovery, all three sites produced over 87% No. 2 and Better grades lumber. Wane and skip were the two most prominent defects causing lumber downgrades. The lowest quality site with the highest stand density produced significantly stronger (modulus of rupture, MOR) and stiffer (modulus of elasticity, MOB) lumber than either the best quality site with a lower stand density or the medium quality site with a similar stand density. The best site with the lowest stand density also produced significantly stronger and stiffer lumber than the medium site with higher stand density. Lumber sawn from log sections taken from below the live crown were significantly stronger but not significantly stiffer than lumber sawn from logs from within the live crown. There were no significant differences in bending MOB and MOR between visual grades. Economy grade lumber was denser than the other grades and had a smaller average ring width than the Grades No. 1 and No. 2. There were weak negative relationships between average ring width and basic wood density. There were weak positive relationships between basic wood density and MOB or MOR. Three scenarios were examined for relative economic return. Regardless of economic scenario, the Boom site (best site quality) produced the highest value per hectare followed by Tyrol (poorest site
quality) and then Airstrip. Generally, MSR grading produced the highest value per hectare (maximum $28,000/ha at the Boom site).
The model to predict whole tree leaf area was developed from 37 plantation grown black spruce trees collected from all 3 sites. Allometric equations to describe needle weight (W[subscript n]), leaf area (A,) and A[subscript 1]: breast height sapwood area (A[subscript s]) relationships are described.
Specific leaf area (SLA, m[superscript 2]/g ) was measured on needles from 4 needle age classes on 4 subsampled branches taken from 3 crown sections of equal length on each of the 37 trees. SLA varied by site, needle age and crown section. SLA of needles from the Airstrip was
significantly larger than those from the Tyrol site, while needle SLA from the Boom site was not significantly different from either. Linear and nonlinear allometric models were built to appropriately scale up to whole tree leaf area based on live branch diameters measured in the field, and compared against trees (9 total, 3 from each site) where the entire crown was collected. Nonlinear models for crown sections 1 (top section) and 2 (middle section) revealed an unbiased predictive ability whereas both linear and nonlinear models showed a general tendency to over predict the needle weight of crown section 3 (bottom section). Nevertheless, a linear model to predict A[subscript 1] from A[subscript s] was developed that showed to no evidence of bias.
Sapflow was measured from May 2007 to August 2008 to assess the impacts of site disturbance and residual tree damage  from  commercial thinning on tree  water use.   Twelve black spruce trees were instrumented with thermal dissipation sap flow sensors in the spring following a  fall season harvest. Soil resistance to penetration was measured with an Eijkelkamp  06.15.SA model Penetrologger Set. The twelve trees were classified based on damage and adjacency to  trails resulting in 4  treatment groups; TD  (adjacent to the trail with apparent damage), TN (adjacent to the trail with no damage), ID (away from the trail with apparent damage)
and  IN  (away from the trail  with no damage).  There was no  significant difference between the soil resistance to penetration on or between harvest trails.  Daily water use (Q[subscript d]) was as high as 20.711 day[superscript -1] and as little as 0.06  1 day[superscript-1].   There were no  significant differences   detected between treatment groups for diameter at breast height (DBH), height (H), length of live crown (EC), sapwood area (A[subscript s])  or leaf area (A[subscript1]).  The TD trees appeared to  have the lowest  Qd, while the TN trees appeared to have lowest mean sap velocity ( v[subscript s])   and low Qd.  Transpiration (Qi) and stomatal conductance (G c) levels appeared to generally be lower for the TN group when compared to  other treatment groups.  The data suggests that Q, and Gc may not  be affected by adjacency to trails and/or mechanical damage in the first year following thinning treatment.


title: Building green energy initiatives in Northern Ontario Indigenous communities: case study on community development in Lac des Mille Lacs First Nation

subject: Renewable energy

subject: Energy transition

subject: Hydroelectric energy

subject: Solar energy

subject: Wind energy

subject: Renewable energy initiatives in Indigenous communities

subject: Replacing diesel with renewable energy

abstract: Northern Ontario’s First Nations communities rely heavily on diesel energy, a fuel source with high economic and environmental costs. Thus, many communities are examining the viability of making a partial or full transition to a renewable energy-derived community power source. This thesis will examine the recent renewable energy initiatives conducted by Lac des Mille Lacs First Nation, an Ojibwe community located approximately 130 kilometres northwest of Thunder Bay, Ontario, and the benefits, challenges, and viability of such a large-scale project.


title: Assessment using TerrSet geovisualisation of the temporal and spatial effectiveness of the prescribed burn program in re-establishing the oak savannah habitat at the Pinery Provincial Park

subject:
Mottled duskywing
Oak savannah
Pinery Provincial Park
Prescribed burns
TerrSet geovisualisation tools
New Jersey tea

abstract:
Oak savannah is a plant community of widely spaced deciduous trees with a
canopy cover of between 25 to 35%, allowing grasses and other ground cover vegetation
to thrive, providing habitats for numerous plant and animal species, including many
endangered species. Historically, oak savannah covered large areas across North
America but only 1% of these habitats still remain. Today, almost half of the oak
savannah habitat in North America is found at the Pinery Provincial Park in Southern
Ontario, but this has been threatened due to fire suppression, overgrazing and pine
planting. Programs have been developed to re-establish the oak savannah at the Pinery,
using a combination of deer population control, pine removal and prescribed burns. This
thesis uses field observations together with TerrSet geovisualisation tools, satellite
photographic records, and field mapping data to assess the temporal and spatial
effectiveness of the programs to re-establish the oak savannah at the Pinery, and it
makes future projections out to 2032. The results indicate that the oak savannah at the
Pinery has been recovering since 2007, but forward projection indicates this may decline
by 2032 unless a more intensive and frequent program of prescribed burns is adopted.


title: School council implementation : women principals' experiences with a policy for improving school leadership

contributor:
Fennell, Hope-Arlene
Blaikie, Fiona
O'Meara, John

subject: School principals Ontario

subject: Women school administrators Ontario

subject: School management and organization Ontario

abstract:
The 1995 Ontario initiative that requires representatives of all school
stakeholder groups to participate in the new forum of community governance
known as school councils is based on the premise that decentralized school
administration is an improvement over traditional principal-based
management. This study addresses the experiences of seven elementary and
secondary women principals immersed in the implementation of school
councils. Grounded in a theoretical review of leadership, principalship,
leadership by women principals, and site based management, this study
examines how these school leaders exercise authority, communicate with
school stakeholders, adapt to an evolving practice of decision making within
the context of shared, school council directed administration, and to what
extent the presence of school councils is improving school leadership.
Not all early experiences are perceived as productive or even useful,
and in many cases forced collaboration among historically antagonistic
groups is counterproductive and demoralizing. Among the positive
experiences reported by women principals are the collaborative spirit uniting
stakeholders working toward a common goal, the opportunity for principals to
"finally" share the heavy burden of school administration, and the creation of
a leadership pool within which teachers, parents, students and administrators
can review complementary perspectives and direct their various expertise
toward the creation of a better learning environment.
Principals report difficulties in setting council priorities, in the failure
of orientation and training programs, in teachers' and principals' resentment
over increasing exposure to "well intentioned " parents, and in being required to share school governance with uninformed, inexperienced, and unskilled
colleagues. Although initial hardships appear to outweigh short run gains,
metamorphosis of the principalship into a collaborative, facilitative nexus of
power suggests that temporary disruptions to school routine and student
learning will ultimately be superseded by highly successful councils capable
of meeting the idiosyncratic needs of their student populations.


title: Examining the transfer of academic knowledge to business practitioners: doctoral program graduates as intermediaries

subject:
Management discipline
Evidence-based management
Knowledge transfer
Business administration

abstract:
The relevance of academic research to practice has been a widespread topic for academics to debate. This study investigated whether practitioners who hold a business-related Ph.D. degree may act as intermediaries in the transfer of academic knowledge from academia to industry. Based on the extant literature, a model of knowledge transfer was developed and used as a lens of analysis. Twenty one Ph.D. graduates were interviewed. The data were subjected to content analysis to test current knowledge transfer theory.
First, it was found that the lack of demand for evidence-based knowledge in industry deters practitioners from using academic research. Second, when these practitioners remain involved in the academic domain, they are more likely to access and apply academic knowledge. Lastly, the attitude of a practitioner’s employer or client impacts the probability of the practitioner using academic literature in decision making processes. The findings of this study revealed how influential an organization’s culture is in determining what sources of knowledge practitioners access and apply to perform their responsibilities. The implications of this study include a recommendation for doctoral program curriculums to include more applied knowledge. Additionally, it recommends that industry employers should provide employees with access to academic literature. In summary, the results reinforced the importance of understanding the relationship between a source and a receiver as studied in this case between academics and practitioners.


title: Explorations in the Practice of Eco-art: A Phenomenological Arts-informed Research Project

contributor:
Sameshima, Pauline
Greenwood, David

subject:
eco-art
art education
photography
Nature (Aesthetics)

abstract: This study investigated the genre of eco-art through a phenomenological arts-informed research project to augment current practices and inspire new art and art/science initiatives in schools and communities. Incorporating narrative inquiry and photography, the researcher engaged in an eco-art practice over a two-year period on a Lake Superior shoreline. The work produced took the form of ephemeral paintings done with clay on rocks, both materials found at the site. The intent of the project was twofold: to develop a practice consistent with particular environmental values and to inform eco-art pedagogy by critically considering the qualities of an eco-art practice and how they fit in an educational setting. What themes emerge for eco-art pedagogy from the study and experience of an eco-art practice? What themes emerge from the study of the work of contemporary ecoartists? Key findings were: 1) the potency of place; 2) being alone; 3) the outdoor studio; 4) a sense of adventure; 5) ephemeral qualities and other aesthetic considerations; and 6) the role of art in ecological restoration. The stories of artists in the eco-art field also emerged as an essential resource that guided and supported the research. The insights gained from the project may resonate with educators from both art and environmental science backgrounds as ways to incorporate art making as an engaging process that supports our journey towards sustainability and atonement.


title: Aspects of comparative growth, morphology and anatomy of long and short shoots of Betula papyrifera Marsh

subject:
Trees Growth
Paper birch

abstract:
The primary objectives of this research were:
1) To compare long and short shoot growth utilizing growth analysis techniques.
2) To describe the general morphology of long and short shoots and to compare them using morphometric analysis.
3) To compare vegetative and reproductive shoot growth and to assess the cost of reproduction.
4) To study the inception and apical organization of potential long and short shoot buds at selected stages of development and ascertain any differences.
5) To compare the anatomy of long and short
shoots, with emphasis on stem anatomy.
6) To correlate these data in order to develop an understanding of how long and short shoot growth in paper birch relates to other
studies of long and short shoots.
The results/observations and discussion, with
appropriate introductory paragraphs pertaining to specific
portions of this study are presented as separate chapters.
A general summary chapter will collate and discuss the
pertinent findings. This format is adopted to enhance
convenience of presentation and readability since some
of the chapters have been submitted for publication.


title: Exposure to work-related physical and psychological load in career firefighters at three timepoints over one year

contributor:
Sinden, Kathryn
Dorman, Sandra
Zerpa, Carlos
Newhouse, Ian

subject: Musculoskeletal injuries

subject: Occupational demands in firefighting

subject: Physiological, biomechanical and mental health demands (firefighting)

abstract:
Background: Firefighters experience high rates of injury – both physically and to their mental health. Firefighting is a unique context to study the interaction of these factors due to the cyclical nature of the work and interaction of physiological, biomechanical and mental health demands. Measuring these constructs over multiple time-points will provide insights into the cumulative demands associated with firefighting.
Thesis Objectives: To quantify the biomechanical, physiological, and psychological loads during two simulated firefighting tasks, at three time-points over one year and assess variability in these factors over a one-year period, among Thunder Bay Fire Rescue firefighters. The overarching goal of this thesis is to identify prevalent multifactorial firefighting injury risk factors for the development of effective injury prevention strategies.
Methods: Biomechanical load was inferred from measurement of musculoskeletal (MSK) injury risk using the Ovako Working posture Analyzing System (OWAS) applied to video of firefighters performing two simulated firefighting tasks. Physiological load was determined from metrics extracted from the Zephyr BioHarness physiological monitoring device worn by firefighters during both tasks. The Critical Incident Inventory (CII) questionnaire was used to determine critical incident exposure and infer impacts on firefighters’ mental health. Data was collected at three time points over one year (November 2017, May 2018, November 2018) to gain insights on cumulative loads associated with firefighting.
Results: Analysis of variance over time indicated that heart rate (F(2, 48) = 4.685, p < .05, ηp2 = 0.163) and working intensity (F(2, 48) = 5.598, p < .05 ηp2 = 0.189) significantly increased from baseline to one-year during the performance of the hose drag task. Heart rate variability significantly increased from baseline to one-year during the performance of the patient transfer task while lifting at the head (F(2, 26) = 5.2030, p < .05, ηp2 = .287) and lifting at the feet (F(2, 28) = 3.807, p < .05, ηp2 = .214). There were no statistical differences in MSK injury risk over time. Critical incident exposure remained consistently high (XG = 6.3 incidents) across all timepoints within the one-year period (x2(2) = 0.977, p = .614) with highest exposures to incidents involving direct exposure to blood and body fluids as well as incidents involving one or two deaths.
Conclusion: Thunder Bay Fire Rescue firefighters’ exposures to biomechanical, physiological, and psychological loads appear to be high and remain high over the one-year period. Musculoskeletal injury risk during task performance is also high and remains unchanged over time. Results indicate that there is a need for ergonomic intervention targeting biomechanical, physiological, and psychological loads associated with firefighting. Future studies should consider the interaction of these factors on firefighter work health including MSK injury risk.


title: Art and music in the fiction of Helen Weinzweig

subject:
Art in literature
Music in literature

abstract:
Critics Northrop Frye and, more recently, Linda Hutcheon have commented tellingly on
the relationships that exist among Canadian art, music and literature. Perhaps surprisingly, aside
from an incidental comment here and a descriptive comment there, Canadian criticism has been
very reluctant to investigate this promising complex of ideas. The training in music, for
exarnple, of such writers as Charles G. D. Roberts, Robert Finch and Sinclair Ross has usually
been treated as a matter ofbiographical fact rather than as something which might be of
significance to their work.
Helen Weinzweig, a Canadian writer, has made extensive and significant use of music
and visual art in her fiction. It may be an informative comment on the focus of Canadian
criticism that Weinzweig's published work to date — two novels and a number of short stories -
remains largely unexplored, and, on the issue of her use of music and art in her work, virtually
ignored. But a close examination of the work shows that Weinzweig uses both music and art in
an integral way not merely to indicate the broad cultural spectrum from which she can draw to
enrich the texture of her work, but also in a structural way to link pattern and meaning. For the
most part rejecting conventional fictional structures, Weinzweig employs music and art, under
the integrating power of memory, in order to offer her readers more fully charged, alternative
views of life.
This thesis proposes to examine Weinzweig’s use of allusions and structures from music
and art, in concert with the power of memory, in an effort to explicate the peculiar power of her
prose fiction. Emphasis in the thesis will be on the short stories although there will be some
discussion of the novels as well. The thesis will be organized in the following way. Following a
brief introduction, chapter one will examine Weinzweig's use ofvisual art and artists in the
stories; chapter two will explore musical allusions and structures in the stories and in the novel,
Basic Black with Pearls’, a brief conclusion will be provided.


title: Access control scheme for partially ordered set hierarchy with provable security

subject:
Computers Access control
Cryptography
Data encryption (Computer science)

abstract:
In many multi-user information systems, the users are organized as a hierarchy.
Each user is a subordinate, superior and/or coordinate of some
others. In such systems, a user has access to the information if and only
if the information belongs to the user or his/her subordinates. Hierarchical
access control schemes are designed to enforce such access policy. In the past
years, hierarchical access control schemes based on cryptography are intensively
researched. Much progress has been made in improving the schemes’
performance and security.
The main contribution of this thesis is a new hierarchical access control
scheme. This is the first one that provides strict security proof under a
comprehensive security model that covers all possible cryptographic attacks
to a hierarchical access control scheme. The scheme is designed and analyzed
based on the modern cryptography approach, i.e., defining the security
model, constructing the scheme based on cryptography primitives, and proving
the security of the scheme by reducing the cryptography primitives to
the scheme. Besides the security property, this scheme also achieves good
performance in consuming small storage space, supporting arbitrary and dynamic
hierarchial structures. In the thesis, we also introduce the background
in cryptography and review the previous schemes.


title: Grazing intensity and carbon pools in soils, roots and forage plants on the Thunder Bay community pasture

subject:
Grazing intensities
Carbon storage in forage plants
Grassland ecosystems
Grazing and carbon pools

abstract:
This thesis explores carbon (C) storage in the forage plants found on the
Thunder Bay Community Pasture (TBCP). Plant tissues, roots and shoots, were
collected from the TBCP and analyzed at Lakehead University using a loss on
ignition technique. This thesis summarizes the (C) pools, the importance and
influence of C on soils and plants species, comparing grazing intensities of cattle
on the pasture. C storage in the plant communities subjected to high grazing
intensity do not differ from levels found in areas subjected to light and medium
grazing intensities. Ultimately, plant species in all three functional groups
compared (annuals, grasses and legumes) did not have differences in above-
ground (C) stores at the grazing intensities observed in the TBCP.


title: Books and readers, 1596; a survey and analysis of all books printed in England or in English abroad during the year 1596

subject:
Books
History
1400-1600
Bibliography
Early printed books
16th century
English literature
Early modern, 1500-1700
History and criticism

abstract: This thesis attempts to capture the temper of English life in 1596 through the medium of its extant printed works. It examines all of the extant printed works from that year in the fields of religion, the arts, education and learning, government and topical publications against the general background of the English Renaissance and the particular background of English life in 1596.


title: Fish biomonitoring in an industrial environment : the Toxicity Early Warning System (TEWS)

contributor:
Lee, Peter
Keeler, Werden

subject:
Environmental monitoring
Wood-pulp industry
Waste disposal
Fishes (Effect of water pollution on)
Aquatic Biomonitoring Systems (ABS)
Toxicity testing

abstract: Industrial, agricultural and municipal effluent discharge into receiving waters continues to be a significant environmental problem. Currently, industrial effluent quality is assessed using chemical assays or by evaluating physical parameters, which have multiple limitations. To overcome these limitations, aquatic biomonitoring systems (ABS), which use behavioural responses of living organisms, have been introduced.


title: Optimizing the sensitivity and specificity of genetic disease detection / by Travis E. Marion.

subject:
Molecular diagnosis
Genetic disorders - Diagnosis
Polymerase chain reaction methodology
Degraded DNA

abstract:
The molecular diagnosis of genetic disease is of great importance to the field of medicine and medical research. Though many rare inherited diseases have been described in the medical literature, the inheritance pattern of more common diseases has yet to be established. Until recently evolutionary disease research has been conducted either by molecular diagnosis of those living with the disease or by archaeological investigations examining the morphological pathologies of tissue remains. It was the purpose of this study to design and optimize a PCR based multi-stepped multiplexed SNE methodology to detect -haemoglobinopathy biomarkers that could be applied to degraded medical and archaeological specimens and expand upon previous work. In order to apply the methodology to degraded tissue samples it was hypothesized that the necessary increase specificity and sensitivity could be obtained by increasing the number of primers used to amplify target sequences and by using the products of previous PCR reactions in subsequent PCR reactions respectively.  Furthermore by multiplexing and incorporating an SBE SNP detection methodology the amount o f time, cost, involved in genetic disease detection could be reduced. The optimal methodology to be followed in future applications consists o f three sequential steps: multiplex PCR, hemi-nested PCR, and single base
primer extension SNP detection. It was through this methodology that multiple gene
amplifications were produced and sequenced from dilution extracts o f 1:1000000 that exhibited 100% homology to the reference sequence. With the increase in detection sensitivity and specificity, multiplex capabilities and the involvement o f SNP detection this methodology can be expanded to detect multiple genetic mutations/variants and be applied to medical screening, association studies, population mapping, identification o f individuals, evolutionary disease
studies, and validate pre-existing research.


title: Beginner and elite hockey players' perception of rule infractions in hockey

subject:
Hockey Rules Moral and ethical aspects
Hockey players Ontario Attitudes

abstract:
The purpose of this study was to examine differences in perceptions of rule infractions in
hockey between beginner and elite hockey players. Seven categories (“legal,” “logical,” “value
non-moral,” “contextual,” “value moral,” “authority” and “knowledge”) were used to clarify the
reasons(s) behind the perceived legitimacy o f rule infractions. The instrumentation was a video of
hockey clips and a questionnaire regarding the clips.
The first part of the study dealt with whether or not participants could identify when an
infraction was occurring. Both the elite and the beginner sample groups were successful in
identifying when rule infractions occurred. Beginner athletes had less success than elite athletes in
identifying which specific rule was being broken.
The second part of the study examined what reason(s) participants gave for perceiving
rule infractions as “okay to do.” The reasons given most often by elite participants for rule
infractions as “okay to do” were “contextual” with 25%, “value moral” with 20% and “authority”
with 18%. Beginner athletes gave “value moral,” “authority” and “legal” as the most frequent
reasons at 19% for rule infractions being “okay to do.” Elite athletes perceived rule infractions as
“not okay to do” 54% of the time whereas the beginner athletes perceived rule infractions as “not
okay to do” only 50% o f the time “Value moral” at 73% and “logical” at 57% were the two
most frequently chosen reasons by elite athletes for why rule infractions are “not okay to do.”
Beginner athletes chose “value non-moral” at 54% and “logical” at 55% as the two most frequent
reasons why rule infractions are “not okay to do.”


title: Adaptive backstepping based online loss minimization control of an induction motor drive / by San Woo Nam.

subject: Electric motors, Induction Automatic control

subject: Control theory

abstract:
The efficiency of an induction motor (IM) can be improved by the optimum
selection of a flux level in the motor. Among the numerous loss minimization
algorithms (LMA), a loss-model-based approach offers a fast response and no torque
pulsation. However, it requires the accurate loss model and the knowledge of the
motor parameters to find the optimum flux level. Therefore, a technical difficulty in
deriving the loss-model-based LMA lies in the complexity of the full loss model and
the on-line parameter adaptation for the precise motor parameters.
In an effort to overcome the drawbacks of on-line loss model controllers (LMC),
this thesis presents a new loss-model-based LMA for inverter-fed IM drives aiming at
both high efficiency and high dynamic performance.
A new LMC is proposed for the loss minimization of vector-controlled IM drives.
An IM model in d-q coordinates is referenced to the rotor magnetizing current and
then an iron loss resistance is added in parallel to the magnetizing inductance. This
transformation leads to no leakage inductance on the rotor side by incorporating it
into other parameters. This decomposition feature into d-q components makes the
derivation o f the motor loss model and LMC simpler while keeping the effect of
leakage inductances.
In order to achieve high dynamic performance, an adaptive backstepping based
nonlinear controller (ABNC) is designed incorporating iron loss under the parameter
uncertainties of rotor resistance and load torque. In proposed IM equations, no
additional state variables are added while iron loss is considered. Thus, an ABNC incorporating iron loss can be designed without much m ore complexity compared to
the one with neglected iron loss. ABNC achieves desirable motor dynamics at any
operating point while the flux level is varied by the LMC in order to reduce the input
power.
Adaptive backstepping technique provides a tool to design the controller avoiding
wasteful cancellations of certain nonlinearities. Another important feature of an
adaptive backstepping technique is that it can derive param eter update laws
simultaneously with control laws from the error dynamics. With an extra gain
introduced in adaptation laws design, we take advantage of this feature by combining
the ABNC with LMC, thus an on-line param eter adaptation of LMC can be obtained
with no extra effort.
The complete closed loop control o f the proposed LMC based IM drive is
implemented in real-time using digital signal processor board DS 1104 for a
laboratory 1/3 hp motor. The dynamic performance of the proposed controller and
parameter adaptation features are examined. The effectiveness of the proposed loss
minimization scheme through a wide range of speed regions including the field
weakening region is demonstrated through computer simulation and experimental
results.


title: Specific binding sites for [H Dexamethasone and [H17B-Estradiol [17-Beta (Greek symbol)] in the hypothalamus of juvenile rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

contributor:
Omeljaniuk, Robert J.
Lankester, Murray W.
Gottardo, Christine

subject: Rainbow trout Reproduction Endocrine aspects

subject: Hypothalamus

subject: Hormone receptors

abstract:
In bony fishes such as the rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, glucocorticoid (GC) and
estrogenic hormones are associated with a variety of physiological functions. Most notable are
effects of GCs which allow the animal to respond to stressful events (Donaldson, 1981;
Clearwater and Pankhurst, 1997; Stouthart et al., 1998) and the actions of estrogens in the
hormonal control of reproduction (Donaldson, 1973; Arcandhoy and Benson, 1998; Aiukwe and
Goksoyr, 1998). Circulating levels o f GCs and estrogens are regulated largely by activation of the
hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis (Donaldson, 1981; Stouthart et ai., 1998), and the
hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis (Fostier et al., 1983; Blazquez et al., 1998; Kah et al.,
1997), respectively In the case o f the HPI axis, the initial stimulus for biosynthesis and release of
cortisol, the primary plasnia GC, is corticotropic releasing hormone (CRH). Neurons o f
hypothalamic origin project their axons to pituitary target cells, corticotrophs (Peter et al., 1990).
CRH released onto corticotrophs stimulates release o f adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) into
circulation (Baker et al., 1996; Stouthart et al., 1998). ACTH serves as the final signal in this
pathway by stimulating interrenal tissue to synthesize and release cortisol into circulation
(Chester-Jones et al., 1969). In turn, the level of plasma GCs may provide a feedback signal to the
HPI axis, via activation o f hypothalamic glucorticoid receptors (GRs).


title: Investigation of the role of individual words in the comprehension of connected discourse

subject: Psycholinguistics Reading


title: Quetico Fault in the Superior Province of the southern Canadian Shield

format: application/pdf application/pdf

subject:
Quetico Fault (Ont.)
Faults (Geology) Ontario

abstract:
The Quetico fault is a major transcurrent fault in the
southern Superior Province of the Canadian Shield. Along part of
its length the fault forms the boundary between the
Wabigoon subprovinces. Dextral motion on the fault
by dextral microfaults and appropriately asymmetrical quartz
c-axis petrofabrics.
The fault comprises a zone of dynamically metamorphosed
rocks - primarily mylonitic rocks with some cataclastic rocks and
pseudotachylite. A transition from predominantly ductile
deformation to brittle deformation occurred during the time the
fault was active.
The ductile deformation of quartz within the fault zone
is the result of crystal-plastic processes,
prism planes in the a-direction and slip on
a-direction, accompanied by dynamic recovery and syntectonic
recrystallization. Feldspar grains are commonly deformed in a
brittle manner by fracture processes. Particulate flow appears
to have made a significant contribution to deformation in the
fault zone.
The harmonic mean of deformed grain axial-ratios and strain determinations by the all object-object separations method
indicate that flattening strain is predominant within the fault
zone. The magnetic susceptibility anisotropy ellipsoid is also
flat-shaped and coaxial with the strain ellipsoids. The
characteristics of microfaults and folds within the fault zone
indicate that flattening may have been accompanied by or followed
by shearing. The harmonic mean of deformed quartz grain axial
ratios yields a minimum strain estimate of 130% extension in X,
58% extension in Y, and 71% shortening in the 1 direction.


title: Nursing Practice Council : literature review, implementation, and evaluation plan

subject:
Public health nurses Ontario
Public health nursing Ontario

abstract:
The purpose of this paper is to outline an implementation and evaluation plan for the establishment of a Nursing Practice Council (NPC) for the public health and registered nurses in a
small rural health unit in southern Ontario. A NPC is a formal, employer-supported structure,
consisting of a representative group of front line nurses, and its purpose is to enhance the practice and
work environment for nurses by providing access to peer support and creating a forum for discussion
and decision making regarding nursing practice issues. The resulting enhanced nursing practice
environment may lead to benefits to the patient through improved care and benefits for the
organization such as improved nurse recruitment and retention.
In this paper, a health promotion program planning and evaluation framework will be utilized
to plan, implement and evaluate a NPC for the Haldimand Norfolk Health Unit (HNHU), located in
southern Ontario. As the NPC is not a true health promotion program per se, the evaluation
framework for its development and implementation has been modified to suit this project. By using
this modified framework, a step by step plan can be developed, which will facilitate the identification
of enabling factors and barriers as well as provide information for the implementation evaluation
strategies throughout the process. Consequently, timely corrections to the process can be made during
implementation which will in turn assist the project to succeed. The evaluation will seek to identify
the benefits to the nurses and the organization.
In this paper, information is provided on a review of current literature regarding the status of
public health nursing in Ontario and the concepts and models related to NPCs (section 2); the goal of
the paper (section 3); an overview of the project (section 4); the project implementation plan (section
5); the proposed evaluation framework (section 6); and the implications for public health practice and
policy (section 7).


title: Aesthetic ratings of northern forest scenes : the effects of spatiochromatic stimulus attributes in silvicultural landscape images

subject:
Nature (Aesthetics)
Color vision
Forest landscape management

abstract:
The Environmental Impact Assessment Act, through the use of The Social Impact
Assessment (SIA) established public participation in environmental decision-making. The
concern for landscape aesthetics has been one among many issues, and has received special
prominence in the case of timber management in Ontario’s northern forests. Research on
landscape perception has contributed to the debate. Typically such studies use rating
methods to evaluate public perceptions of landscape quality, beauty and/or aesthetics.
However, these studies did not consider whether luminance-, spatial- and/or chromatic
variations influence aesthetic judgments in the natural environment. From that perspective,
this study is an extension of earlier visual search studies that investigated the effects of
specific spatial and chromatic properties of target stimuli into the realm of landscape
perception. Based on the findings from this extensive body of work, we predicted that
high levels of chromatic conspicuity and extrinsic (or unnatural) regularity in spatial
patterning in a wilderness scene would have a negative impact on the public perception of
forest landscapes. Three conditions representing landscape elements (targets) that simulate
silvicultural practices were manipulated using Adobe Photoshop software. The targets
were a checkerboard clear-cut, an irregular cut, and a roadway. The chromaticity of each
target was defined by the target midtones (average across 400 pixels, or 1° subtense). The
“neutral” chromaticity was equated across checkerboard and irregular patches. The
chromaticity of the targets was modulated (7 steps) along red-green axes in Commission
Internationale de l’Eclairage (CIE) 1931 chromaticity space. All presentations were done
on a high-resolution colour monitor (CRT). Each of the targets was presented in five
background conditions of oblique aerial photographs of coniferous trees with and without a
lake to determine position bias and target/lake proximity effects. Each of the 16 observers
per background condition (N=80) was presented 84 randomized landscapes from a total of
420 images. Data interpretation was conducted using a 4-way multifactor design with
repeated measures on 3 factors (5 randomized backgrounds X 3 spatial targets X 7 target
chromaticities X 4 quadrant locations). Results showed that varying the spatiochromatic
properties of the silvicultural targets and their locations significantly influenced the
perceived beauty of northern forest landscapes. Patches in a scene that had spatial
regularity and a colour appearance that was shifted towards the “reds” were given the
lowest ratings. Comparable situations can be observed in real scenes that have undergone
recent harvesting operations.


title: The Effects of Oral Contraceptives on Emotional Reactivity and Cognition

contributor:
Oinonen, Kirsten
Hayman, Gordon

subject:
Oral contraceptives
Emotional reactions
Cognitive ability
Side effects

abstract:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of oral contraceptives (OCs) on
emotional reactivity and cognitive ability. Previous research has suggested that OC users
may experience blunted positive affect (PA) reactivity and that some women also
experience negative mood side effects from OCs. In the present study, 149 participants
(58 OC users, 46 nonusers, and 38 men) viewed three different emotional videos paired
with music intended to evoke either happiness, sadness, or fear. After each emotional
video, participants completed a facial emotions recognition task, and a GoNogo task of
inhibition. The hypothesis that women taking OCs would have lower PA reactivity
compared to nonusers and men was not supported. However, a sex difference in negative
emotional reactivity (women > men) was found and was strongest in OC users (OC users
> men) and longer duration OC users. While a small sample size reduces validity of the
findings, the hypothesis that OC users with current negative mood side effects would
have faster response times than nonusers and men was not supported. However, a sex
difference was evident in that men had slower response times to negative faces. Also,
men had slower response times than OC users, after sad and fear mood inductions. There
was partial support for the third hypothesis that OC users would have more errors of
commission than nonusers and men. OC users (and women as a group) made more errors
of commission during the GoNogo task compared to men, but only after the happy mood
induction. Also, OC users with current negative mood side effects had fewer errors of
commission after the sad mood induction compared to OC users with no mood side
effects. Possible mechanisms are discussed for OC-associated impulsivity and for the possible reversal of such an effect in women experiencing OC mood side effects.


title: Developing and testing the applicability of a decision support system for the planning of juvenile jack pine thinning

subject:
Jack pine thinning
Forest thinning mathematical models
Geographic information system
Pre-commercial thinning
Remote sensing
Spatial analysis

abstract:
An investigation was made into the applicability of a model used to assist in
planning the allocation of pre-commercial thinning to juvenile jack pine stands. The
hypothesis of this study was that planning pre-commercial thinning of juvenile jack pine
to focus on areas within a stand {e.g. high density areas with the largest potential for
response) is cheaper and more efficient than allocating a "blanket" pre-commercial
thinning over entire jack pine stands. The model incorporates machine costing models,
pre-commercial thinning productivity estimates, stand density maps, and road networks
to investigate the potential cost savings of detailed planning of pre-commercial thinning.
Integration of a GIS database, remote sensing, and network analysis provided an
experimental decision support system (DSS) for planning the allocation of precommercial
thinning. The DSS was applied to two study areas in northwestern Ontario
containing juvenile jack pine stands. Based on the case study results, there appears to
be potential for a total cost savings of 12 to 25 percent by planning and focusing precommercial
thinning treatments to key areas of a stand. Estimated cost savings were
reduced as the stem density spatial pattern became more uniform and the average stand
density approached the eligible density for thinning. Cost estimates were also found to
be sensitive to the pre-commercial thinning productivity estimates. The planning model
could be applied to other problems involving spatial components such as skidder trail
planning in harvest blocks. Use of this DSS could assist in investigating the interactions
between stand density patterns, pre-commercial thinning productivity, pre-commercial
thinning equipment operational costs and allocations pre-commercial thinning treatments
within a forest stand.


title: Closure as it relates to perception and thinking

subject:
Whole and parts (Psychology)
Perception
Thought and thinking


title: Trends and variability of temperature and precipitation in Northwestern Ontario during the 20th century : implications for forest management

contributor:
Duinker, Peter N.
Flannigan, Mike
Kemp, David

subject: Precipitation (Meteorology) Ontario, Northwestern

subject: Atmospheric temperature Ontario, Northwestern

subject: Forest management Ontario, Northwestern

abstract:
Time series of temperature and rainfall in Northwestern Ontario are joined and
adjusted to provide a database for analysis of regional climate change.
Processes used to locate and adjust for non-climatic discontinuities are provided.
Temperature trends were computed for 1916-1998. All available stations have
increases in mean annual temperature. The greatest warming occurred in the
spring at all stations with most stations > 1.0° C warmer. Some increase in
winter and the growing season temperature has taken place. A slight negative
change has taken place in the fall in most stations. The warming has been
greater In minimum temperatures than maximums with resulting declines in the
diurnal temperature range especially evident in the first half of the period.
Average rainfall has increased at all stations in the region. An analysis of daily
rain events suggests increases in frequency and amounts of individual events
>40 mm in southern locations and 30.0 - 39.9 mm In the northern stations.
Trends and variability in these variables during the 20th century are analysed to
define a base and context for predictions of significant climate change In the 21st
century. Ecosystem change because of climate change is likely to have major
impacts on forest management and wood-based products, an economic sector of
major importance in the region.


title: Perceptions of conformity during the student teaching placement

contributor:
Epp, Juanita
Fennell, Hope-Arlene

subject:
Student teaching
Supervision of student teachers
Teaching

abstract:
The purpose of this study was to examine the issue of conformity and the relationship
between student teachers and associate teachers during the pre-service practicum. The three
questions that guided this research included: (a) Did associate teachers expect pre-service
teachers to mirror their practices during the practicum? (b) Did student teachers describe and
expectation of conformity within their field experience?; and (c) What circumstances during the
practicum increased the likelihood of conformity?
This study was conducted with a sample of student teachers and associate teachers during
the 1999 - 2000 school term at one Ontario university, and it consisted of two phases of data
collection. The first stage involved preliminary interviews with one student teacher on two
separate occasions. The data from these interviews guided the surveys that were distributed to
student teachers and associate teachers in the second phase of data collection.
This study found that associate teachers indicated that conformity occurred, and a fraction
of these participants clearly expressed a desire for this behaviour. Other associate teachers may
have implied this expectation through communication, feedback, and their actions. The student
teachers suggested that conformity occurred in smaller numbers. Some participants expressed
that it was a requirement of the practicum, while others felt that conformity occurred out of
respect for the associate teacher.
With reference to the factors that contributed to conformity, a perceived expectation of
conformity and an associate teacher with more than 20 years of experience all increased the rate
of conformity with this group of participants. If student teachers observed for one week at the
start of their practicum and then proceeded to teach 3 - 4 lessons per day, they reduced their risk
o f conformity. Additional variables aside from the ones presently stated were also examined
within this research.


title: Examination of the stigma experiences and needs of individuals with serious mental illness

subject:
Mental health services
Mentally Ill Persons
Stigma (Social psychology)

abstract: Study area : Northwestern Ontario.

abstract:
This project explores the stigma experienced by individuals with serious mental illness
(SMI) and identifies their needs, both met and unmet. This is a somewhat unique approach as the
data has been gathered solely from the perspective of individuals with mental illness.
Researchers have stated that “the voice of service users is not strongly represented in the
literature on stigma (Thornicroft, 2007, p. 153) and further that need has historically been
“invariably oriented towards the perceptions of staff rather than those of patients” (Slade, Phelan,
Thornicroft, & Parkman, 1996, p. 109). Corrigan and Penn point out that people with mental
illness have unique insight into their disease and “excluding their perspective would omit a large
and essential body of information” (Corrigan & Penn, 1997, p. 359). Thus, this project provides
an important discussion of stigma and needs experienced by people with SMI.


title: Biofilm formation of environmental and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli / by Stefan Moreira.

subject: Escherichia coli Ontario, Northwestern

subject: Biofilms Ontario, Northwestern

subject: Escherichia coli Ontario Thunder Bay Region

abstract: Sample sites : Boulevard Lake & Chippewa Park, Thunder Bay ; Billy Lake, Dorion (Northwestern Ontario).


title: Get on the good foot : do pedal asymmetries exist in the sprint start response?

subject:
Pedal asymmetries
Sprinting (Physiological aspects)
Limb asymmetries

abstract:
The study of pedal asymmetries examines the differences in reaction time and
movement time between the foot/hemisphere systems in humans. Although
asymmetries have been examined using pointing movements research has yet to
be completed that examines pedal asymmetries in a functional movement such
as the track and field sprint start. Using the track & field sprint start, 20
individuals (10 experienced, 10 inexperienced) were assessed for pedal
asymmetries. Each participant performed 48 starts (24 right foot starts and 24 left
foot starts). Variable foreperiods (1500, 2000, 2500 & 3000ms) were used to
control for anticipations. A left foot (i.e., left foot in rear position) reaction time
advantage was found. Right foot (i.e., right foot in rear position) advantages
were found for movement time and response time. Foreperiod length did not
affect reaction time. There were no significant differences between the
experienced and inexperienced sprinters. The experience factor did not interact
with any other factors. Preferred stance was evaluated as a control variable and
did not affect the pattern of asymmetry. The pattern of pedal asymmetries in the
sprint start response was consistent with that of manual asymmetries. Further,
the results were consistent with a right hemisphere specialization for spatiotemporal
processing, and a left hemisphere specialization for movement
execution and on-line correction. The pattern of asymmetries extends to tasks
using an auditory signal as an auditory tone was used to mimic the “starting gun”.


title: Humour and proverb comprehension as related to humour production ability

subject:
Wit and humor
Proverbs
Creative ability


title: Holocene fire-climate-vegetation dynamics in Central Canadian Shield boreal forests of Northwestern Ontario, Canada / by Dominic Lafontaine-Senici.

contributor:
Chen, Han
Bergeron, Yves

subject: Geology, Stratigraphic Holocene

subject: Paleobotany Holocene Ontario, Northwestern

subject: Climatology Ontario, Northwestern

abstract:
Co-primary investigator of the original project
proposal and outline: Dr. Adam Ali.

abstract:
The boreal forest is the largest terrestrial ecosystem in North America, one of the least disturbed by humans, and most disturbed by fire. This combination makes it an ideal system to explore the environmental controls on fire frequency, the relative importance of climatic and non-climatic factors, and the importance of fire in governing ecosystem processes at a large scale. Multiple vegetation and forest fire history records were established by analyzing Holocene-aged lake sediment stratigraphies collected in the central boreal shield region of northwestern Ontario, Canada. The stratigraphies were dated using [superscript14]C AMS. In the first research chapter macroscopic sedimentary charcoal and plant macroremains were analysed in order to investigate local fire
frequency and tree abundance. The results show contrasting fire regime dynamics between a xeric and mesic landscape and highlight the influence of local factors as important drivers of fire frequency at centennial to millennial scales. The second research chapter examines spatial and temporal variations in fire frequency to evaluate the influence of some local non-climatic factors on the regional fire regime. The results show that sites within landscapes fragmented by high open-water lakes and wetland cover tended to have lower fire frequencies, and that this trend was stronger in the past. Results clarify some regional fire regime controls and imply climate-vegetation interactions will significantly affect future boreal fire regime dynamics. The third research chapter examines regional fire-vegetation interactions. The results show that millennial-scale
species community diversity may not be driven by fire frequency variations. This study contributes to our knowledge of the varying spatial controls forest fire regimes in the central boreal forest region.


title: Lignocellulosic materials in hydrolysis and spent liquors

contributor:
Fatehi, Pedram
Leitch, Mathew

subject:
Biomass
Autohydrolysis
Hydrolysis liquors
Lignocellulosic materials
Lignin-carbohydrate complexes
Lignosulfonate

abstract:
Biomass pretreatment is widely used for softening biomass prior to its disintegration for value added product production. There are numerous methods for biomass pre-treatment, among which alkaline pulping and acid hydrolysis are the most widely applied. Hydrothermal treatment or autohydrolysis has a similar concept of action to acid hydrolysis, while autohydrolysis is the chemical-free and environmentally friendly technology. Hydrothermal and alkaline pulping pretreatments lead to lignin and polysaccharide dissolutions in hydrolysate and spent liquor (SL), respectively. Lignin and carbohydrates presented in hydrolysates and SL can be used for manufacturing value-added products. Lignin can be employed in carbon fiber, phenol formaldehyde, and hydrogen productions, for example, and hemicelluloses could be used for ethanol or xylitol production. However, the direct conversion of lignocellulosic materials present in hydrolysates and SL to value-added products is expensive due to their low concentrations. Lignocelluloses can be isolated from these liquors via acidification, solvent precipitation and membrane filtration. It is well known that lignocelluloses have different properties. Pulping and pretreatment processes have also great impacts on the properties of the extracted lignocellulose in liquors. Despite their effectiveness in isolating lignocelluloses, the impact of lignocelluloses properties on the efficiency of extraction processes is unknown. In this dissertation, the effect of autohydrolysis parameters on the properties, structure and composition of extracted lignocellulosic material was investigated. Also, the effect of lignocellulose's properties presented in hydrolysates and SL on the efficiency of acidification and solvent extraction was examined.
The efficiency of lignocelluloses extraction from softwood chips via flow through autohydrolysis pretreatment was investigated in this PhD study. The highest temperatures applied in the autohydrolysis process were found to yield maximum removal of lignin from wood; whereas, prolonged hydrothermal treatment increased the removal of hemicelluloses from wood. In addition, it was discovered that a low flow velocity led to higher lignocelluloses removal. However, at high liquid flow rates hemicelluloses with larger molecular weight (Mw) were extracted. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analysis revealed the presence of lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCC) in the hydrolysates. The GPC analysis showed that the hydrolysate generated in autohydrolysis treatment with a high liquid to solid (L/S) ratio contained a significantly lower amount of lignin presented in the LCC form. Moreover, 2D HSQC NMR spectroscopy revealed the existence of LCC linkages only in lignocellulosic materials obtained via lyophilisation of hydrolysate produced at the lowest autohydrolysis severity.
The material generated as the result of mixing ethanol with hydrolysates produced at low autohydrolysis intensity showed the highest sugar content and negligible lignin content. Acidification of hydrolysates generated at high severity conditions led to extraction of almost pure lignin. The isolated material produced from hydrolysates due to ethanol or acid addition showed approximately twice as much heat capacity values as that of dried hydrolysates. The 1H-NMR analysis revealed that the extracted materials via acidification contained more methoxyl groups and a lesser degree of cross-linking than those present in hydrolysate. The GPC analysis also suggested the presence of LCC in the hydrolysates before and after treatment processes.
In addition, the current research studied the properties, structures, and composition of lignocelluloses in spent liquors before and after isolation. Furthermore, the effect of organic solvents (i.e., ethanol, acetone, isopropyl alcohol) on lignocelluloses removal and the properties of the isolated lignocelluloses were determined. In examining the impact of the solvent type, it was discovered that hemicelluloses isolation had the highest isolation at the lowest solvent concentrations. While acetone and isopropyl were found to be efficient for lignosulfonate extraction, the highest hemicelluloses removal was achieved with ethanol treatment. The molecular weight and charge density of isolated lignocelluloses was higher when ethanol was used in comparison with acetone and isopropyl. The examination of the heating values, ignition temperatures, and heat capacity values of the precipitates revealed the possibility of using these materials as fuel or additives in briquette production. Additionally, a direct correlation between the inorganic content of the extracted lignocelluloses and their Tg values was discovered. The results achieved in this dissertation can be used as guidelines for developing biorefining processes for generating lignocelluloses with different properties from hydrolysate or spent liquors of different pulping processes. In addition, information available in literature on the structure and properties of lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCC) as well as their production, analysis and application were discussed and critically evaluated.


title: Mineralogy and petrology of the Ham Kimberlite, Somerset Island, N.W.T., Canada

subject:
Geology Nunavut Somerset Island
Mineralogy Nunavut Somerset Island
Petrology Nunavut Somerset Island

abstract:
The Ham diatreme and dyke are post-late
Silurian intrusions located in north-central Somerset
Island and are the most northerly known kimberlites in
the Somerset Island kimberlite province. The Ham
diatreme, which consists of three petrographically
distinct varieties of kimberlite, formed as a series
of fluidized intrusions at the intersection of
several regional fracture sets. Type lA kimberlite
is petrographically similar to the Ham dyke (a single
intrusion located 1.5 km to the east) and forms the
flanks of the Ham diatreme. This dark, massive rock
contains phenocrysts and xenocrysts of garnet, olivine,
chrome-diopside, phlogopite, spinel and carbonate in
a serpentine-carbonate groundmass containing carbonate
and serpentine emulsion textures. Type IB kimberlite,
which occupies the central portion of the Ham diatreme,
is a highly altered, light green, serpentine-carbonate-rich
rock formed by the prograde serpentinization and
carbonatization of Type lA kimberlite. This
alteration occurred during the degassing of structurally
lower portions of the Ham diatreme. Type 2 kimberlite
is a carbonate-rich mineralogical equivalent of Type
lA kimberlite and formed as a late stage dyke within
the Ham. diatreme.


Men in the novels of Toni Morrison : sleeping with the anima / by Charles H. Bishop. --


title: Healthy eating, exercise, weight and body image : the closer I get the better I feel

subject:
Body weight (Psychological aspects)
Nutrition (Psychological aspects)
Body image in women
Body dissatisfaction

abstract:
Many studies have found evidence showing that women are dissatisfied with their bodies.
Self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987) may be particularly applicable to this area of
study due to the difference between the North American ideal of beauty and the reality of
most women's bodies. Discrepancies may also be observed in areas related to healthy
lifestyles such as eating and physical activity. In the present study, a sample of 121
undergraduate females were asked to rate their proximity to and valence of reaching their
own definitions of healthy eating, body image, physical activity, and body weight. The
participants were also asked to respond to questionnaires, which served as predictor
variables. The present study had two main goals: (a) to determine what factors would
predict proximity to the healthy definitions; and (b) to determine if valence of reaching
these definitions would serve as a moderator variable. The results of hierarchical
multiple regressions indicated that combinations of the nine predictor variables could
predict the four different types of proximity. This study also found support in the areas
of eating and body weight for the hypothesis that valence would moderate the
relationship between the predictor variables and proximity. The overall results of this
study indicated that the closer women are to reaching their healthy ideals, the more likely
they are to also experience increased positive affect and better self-esteem.