title: Design and Characterization of a Dual Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator

contributor:
Habibi, S.R.
Mechanical Engineering

abstract:
Actuation of flight surfaces in aircraft have evolved over the last century from systems using simple mechanical linkages actuated by the pilot to complex electronic systems that maneuver large loads and have some form of redundancy. The latest form of flight surface actuation uses Power-By-Wire (PBW) systems, which are modulated, lean and fault tolerant actuators embedded in the flight surface that require only the attachment of power and control wires. This research will focus on a specific form of PBW system called an Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator (EHA), which is seen on modern aircraft such as the Lockheed F-35 Lightning and the Airbus A380.

An EHA is a closed-loop form of hydraulic system which controls an actuator's movement by routing fluid to it via a fixed-displacement pump attached to a servomotor. The two primary components of the EHA's hydraulic circuit are a bi-directional external gear pump and an actuator, but the system incorporates an accumulator, a bi-directional relief valve, a by-pass valve and a series of check valves for full functionality. The minimal components and the closed-loop architecture lend itself to be lightweight, modular and independent of other hydraulic systems on an aircraft.

This research will focus on developing a design based on a dual EHA system used for the rudder of the F-35. The design objective is to reduce the comparative weight. The dual EHA allows for continued actuation of the airfoil in the event that one of the EHA's malfunction. The design produced in this research incorporates a new inner-circuit which allowed the system to be 12% lighter than the F35 rudder EHA. A prototype developed from this design was produced but was augmented with additional components that allow for simulation of fault conditions in the future. With a prototype produced several experiments were performed to determine the level of internal leakage and damping inside the system. Experiments showed that internal leakage increases linearly with the increase of back pressure on the pump and that the bulk of the leakage occurs at the pump itself. Experiments also showed that the damping in the system is non-linear and that it is best described by a LuGre friction model.

Black-box system identification techniques were applied to the EHA to determine piece-wise linear models. These trials showed that the non-linear friction as well as the seals in the actuator forced the system to have two major piece-wise linear regions. These experiments also showed that when the mean velocity of the actuator increases so does the system bandwidth.

Enclosed in this dissertation are details of the design of the dual EHA and the experimental results performed on it.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: Transport and Metabolism of β-Glycosidic Sugars in Sinorhizobium meliloti

contributor:
Finan, T.M.
Biology

subject: Biology Biology

abstract:
The bacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti forms N2-fixing nodules on the roots of alfalfa and some other leguminous plants. A gene cluster smc04260-smc04251 was previously found to be expressed when S.meliloti is grown in media containing cellobiose, gentiobiose, salicin and arbutin. These monosaccharides of these sugars are connected via glucosidic bonds of β (1-4) or β (1-6) configuration. The gene cluster smc04260-smc04251 appears to include an ABC-type uptake system as well as genes for catabolism of these sugars. Data from growth curves with strains carrying plasmid co-integrants suggested that the smc04260-smc04251 gene region were tested for their ability to grow on cellobiose, gentiobiose, salicin or arbutin as sole sources of carbon. In order to study the effects of specific gene deletions on the growth of S.meliloti, smc04259, manB, smc04254 were deleted in-frame and growth curves with these strains revealed that smc04259, manB and smc04254 were all important for growth of aryl-glycosides such as salicin and arbutin.

ManB protein, a putative β-mannosidase enzyme, was overexpressed, purified and then tested in protein assays to determine its activity with different substrates. In one assay, 4-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside and 4-nitrophenyl-β-D-mannopyranoside were used as substrates and it was determined that ManB was only active on 4-nitrophenyl-β-D-mannopyranoside. Glucose oxidase assay was used with cellobiose, gentiobiose, mannobiose, salicin and arbutin to study the activity of ManB with each substrate, and it was found that ManB only had significant activity when mannobiose was used as a substrate.

Transposon mutagenesis with transposon Tn5-B20 was used to select strains that could not grow or grew poorly when cellobiose and arbutin were used as sole sources of sugar. The mutants had transposon insertions within smc04260-smc04251 gene cluster as well as the smc03160-smc03165 gene cluster. Five mutants were mapped and tested for their ability to grow on cellobiose, gentiobiose, mannobiose, arbutin and salicin. These mutants were later complemented with pLAFR1 cosmid library. A complete understanding of metabolic capabilities of S.meliloti can be beneficial for studying similar systems in soil organisms. The ability to break down a variety of sugars increases the fitness of the organisms and widens the scope of understanding of such systems, which have some potential in biotechnology.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: Study of Steric and Electronic Effects on the Reactivities of Diarylsilylene in Solution by Laser Flash Photolysis Methods

contributor:
Leigh, William J.
Chemistry

subject: Chemistry Chemistry

abstract:
1, 1, 1,3,3,3-Hexamethyl-2,2-bis(3,4,5-trimethylphenyl)trisilane (43) has been synthesized and its photochemistry studied by steady state and nanosecond laser flash photolysis (NLFP) methods in solution. Photolysis of 43 in the presence of methanol leads to the formation of methoxybis(3,4,5-trimethylphenyl)silane (53) as the major product, resulting from the reaction of the alcohol with the reactive intermediate, bis(3,4,5-trimethylphenyl)silylene (1, SiTmp2).

The reactivity of SiTmp2 with various substrates such as methanol, acetone, CCl4, acetic acid, triethylsilane, cyclohexene, 1,3-dienes, bis(trimethylsilyl)acetylene (BTMSE), and O2 has been examined by NLFP techniques, and the results are compared to analogous data for diphenylsilylene (3). In almost all cases it was found that electronic factors reduce the absolute rate constants by a factor of ca. 2, except for the reactions with triethylsilane and BTMSE where a factor of ca. 5 rate retardation was observed. This indicates that in general the inductive electron-donating effect associated with six methyl groups on the aromatic rings has only a small effect on diarylsilylene reactivity. The reactivity of SiMes2 (2) with some substrates such as alcohols, CCl4, acetic acid, isoprene and BTMSE has also been studied. The rate constants for the reactions of SiMes2 and SiTmp2 with each substrate were compared to provide a quantitative assessment of steric effects of the ortho methyl groups in diarylsilylene reactivity. It has been observed that for substrates like acetone, acetic acid and O2 there is almost no sensitivity to steric effects, it is moderate in the cases of triethylsilane, CCl4 and methanol and high in the cases of alkenes, dienes and alkynes. This study is the first quantitative assessment of the individual effects of steric hindrance and electronics on the reactivities of diarylsilylenes.

abstract: Master of Science (MS)


title: An investigation to seismic induced soil pressures on relatively rigid structures with deep embedment

contributor:
Guo, Peijun
Civil Engineering

subject:
Civil and Environmental Engineering
Civil and Environmental Engineering

abstract:
Design of earthquake-resistant structures has been an important area in both research and engineering practice for decades. Realistic determination of seismic loading on structures is one of the governing design criteria for design of new buildings or evaluation of existing structures. For the nuclear industry, the performance of structures is extremely important owing to public safety concerns.

This report explores the methodologies used to calculate seismic-induced soil pressure applied onto partially embedded structures. A critical review was performed on different methods developed in the past, which includes simplified analytical approaches based on either yielding wall theory or rigid wall theory and detailed dynamic analysis with the consideration of soil-structure interaction effects. Assumptions, range for appropriate application, and corresponding shortcomings of these methods are identified. Several critical issues that have significant impact on the soil-structural response but are not sufficiently taken into account in most existing models, are identified. These include embedment effects, interface boundary conditions and material nonlinearity. Following the review, a detailed seismic analysis using the finite element method is carried out to explore the effects of embedment effects, interface boundary conditions and material nonlinearity on seismic earth pressure. A simplified CANDU 6 reactor building excited by an artificial strong ground motion is used in this analysis. The seismic earth pressures obtained from this detailed seismic analyses under various conditions are then compared with the simplified approaches to evaluate their accuracy.

abstract: Master of Engineering (ME)


title: Indo-Caribbean Canadian Mental Health Service Recipients: Processes of Power and Constructions of Identity

contributor:
Sin, Rick
Sinding, Christina
Social Work

subject:
Social Work
Social Work

abstract:
The purpose of this study was to create a space to explore and center marginalized knowledge, and voices of Indo-Caribbean Canadian mental health service recipients. I did this by interviewing five participants, with the aim of examining processes of identity construction of racialized people involved in formal mental health systems, and the forces that shape this construction. Areas of inquiry included definitions of mental health and illness and their treatment; processes of identity construction around race, ethnicity, and mental health identity within this system; the power structures that shape these constructions, and the notion of cultural relevance. In a parallel process of exploration, as a means of addressing power through transparency, I also examined my identity and positioning as a researcher.

At the outset of this study I anticipated tensions and discrepancies between participants' constructions of identity and mental health, and the dominant discourses and constructions in the mental health system. Results indicated a general endorsement of mental health system involvement, but differences in constructions of mental health and illness between culture of origin and Canadian culture. Tensions were evident in terms of racialized identity, in the context of acculturation and racism. My analysis of the results, surfaced the importance of the contextualization of experience, a reframing of ethno-racial and cultural service provision toward cultural relevance, and the process of social construction.

abstract: Master of Social Work (MSW)


title: Karst Geomorphology and Hydrogeology of the Northeastern Mackenzie Mountains, District of Mackenzie, N.W.T.

contributor:
Ford, D.C.
Geography

subject:
Geography
karst systems
geomorphology
hydrogeology

abstract:
This thesis describes the geomorphology and hydrogeology of karst systems in portions of the northeastern Canyon Ranges of the Mackenzie Mountains and the Norman Range of the Franklin Mountains, N.W.T. In the region, mean annual temperatures are -6 to -8°C, total annual precipitation is 325 to 500 mm, and permafrost has a widespread to continuous distribution. The area was glaciated in the Late Wisconsinan by the Laurentide Ice Sheet.

The Canyon Ranges and Norman Range are composed of a sequence of faulted and folded miogeoclinal sedimentary rocks that span the Proterozoic to Eocene. The geology is reviewed with an emphasis on strata that display karst. Included are several dolomite and limestone formations, two of which are interbedded with evaporites in the subsurface. The principal groundwater aquifer is the Lower Devonian Bear Rock Formation. In subcrop, the Bear Rock Formation is dolomite and anhydrite, outcrops are massive calcareous solution breccias. This is the primary karst rock.

The regional distribution and range of karst landforms and drainage systems are described. Detailed mapping is presented from four field sites. These data were collected from aerial photography and ground surveys. The karst has examples of pavement, single and compound dolines, subsidence troughs, polje,sinking streams and lakes, and spring deposits. The main types of depressions are subsidence and collapse dolines. Doline density is highest on the Bear Rock Formation. Surficial karst is absent or less frequent in the zone of continuous permafrost or outside the glacial limit.

At the field sites, water samples were collected at recharge and discharge locations. Samples were analyzed for a full range of ionic constituents and many for natural isotopes. In addition, several springs were monitored continuously for discharge, temperature, and conductivity. Dye tracing established linkages between recharge and discharge at some sites. These data are summarized for each site, as is the role of permafrost in site hydrology.

The relationships between geological structure, topography, and groundwater systems are described. Conduit aquifers are present in both dolomite and limestone. These systems are characterized by discharge waters of low hardness and dissolved ion content. Aquifers in the Bear Rock Formation have a mixed flow regime and often have highly mineralized discharge. At the principal field site, there was a time lag of 40 to 60 days between infiltration and discharge in this unit. At a second site, flow through times were on the order of years. Variability in these systems is attributed to bedrock properties and boundary conditions.

Preliminary rates of denudation are calculated from the available hydrochemical data. Total solutional denudation at the primary field site is approximately 45 m3 km-2 a-1 (mm ka-l ). The majority is attributed to the subsurface dissolution of halite and anhydrite. The predominance of subsurface dissolution is linked to the high frequency of collapse and subsidence dolines and depressions.

The karst features and drainage systems of the northern Mackenzie Mountains date to the Tertiary. Glaciation has had a stimulative effect on karst development through the subglacial degradation of permafrost and the altering of boundary conditions by canyon incision.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Automatic Track Initialization and Maintenance in Heavy Clutter Using Integrated JPDA and ML-PDA Algorithms

contributor:
Kirubarajan, T.
Electrical and Computer Engineering

subject:
Electrical and Computer Engineering
Electrical and Computer Engineering

abstract: Target tracking in high clutter or low signal-to-noise environments presents many challenges to tracking systems. Joint Maximum Likelihood estimator combined with Probabilistic Data Association (JML-PDA) is a well-known parameter estimation solution for the initialization of tracks of very low observable and low signal-to-noise-ratio targets in higher clutter environments. On the other hand, the Joint Probabilistic Data Association (JPDA) algorithm, which is commonly used for track maintenance, lacks automatic track initialization capability. This paper presents an algorithm to automatically initialize and maintain tracks using an integrated JPDA and JML-PDA approach that seamlessly shares information on existing tracks between the JML-PDA (used for initialization) and JPDA (used for maintenance) components. The motivation is to share information between the maintenance and initialization stages of the tracker, that are always on-going, so as Lo enable the tracking of an unknown number of targets using the JPDA approach in heavy clutter. The effectiveness of the new algorithm is demonstrated on a heavy clutter scenario and its performance is tested on negibouring targets with association ambiguity using angle-only measurements.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: Studies of inorganic nanoparticles as collectors for flotation

contributor:
Pelton, Robert H.
Chemical Engineering

subject:
Chemical Engineering
Chemical Engineering

abstract:
The goal of my work was to synthesize an appropriate inorganic nanoparticle as a collector for flotation of glass beads and also to prepare thin films of nickel sulfide. The first step was preparing a very uniform thin layer of nickel sulfide for model adhesion studies. The method employed was successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR). The characterization experiments showed a weak deposited layer of nickel sulfide on glass, which was very uneven at low SILAR deposition cycles and very porous at high SILAR deposition cycles.

In the next step, commercial grades of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) and colloidal silica were employed as collectors for the flotation of glass beads. Also, stearic acid treatments were carried out on untreated PCC samples. Despite that the mean particle size of PCC particles were in the nano range, they aggregated in aqueous solution and particle size increased to the micron range. Therefore, deposition of these particles onto glass beads was very low and consequently flotation results were not satisfactory. Also, silica particles aggregated when the pH increased to 9 which is the flotation operating pH. These particles did not show good deposition onto glass beads nor good flotation ability. The reasons could be hydrophilicity and aggregation of colloidal silica.

In another series of experiments, stearic acid treated PCC nanoparticles were synthesized with a carbonation method and characterized with electrophoretic mobility, dynamic light scattering, FTIR and contact angle measurements. The flotation experiments have also been carried out and the results showed high recovery percentage of glass beads.

Moreover, silica nanoparticles have been prepared by the Stober method and modified with aminopropyltriethoxy silane (APTS) and mercaptopropyltrimethoxy silane (MPTS) in solvent and aqueous media with post-modification and co-condensation methods. However, flotation results of glass beads when APTS modified silica nanoparticles were employed as collector were not satisfactory which can again related to their hydrophilic characteristics.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: Implementation of a Multiple Frame Assignment Tracker in a CPU-GPU Integrated Environment

abstract:
The Multi Frame Assignment (MFA) tracker solves the data association problem as a constrained optimization for fusing multiple sets of data to the tracks with an Interacting Multiple Model (IMM) estimator.

With the rapid development of parallel computing hardware such as GPU (Graphics Processor Unit) in recent years, GPGPU (General-Purpose computation on GPU) has become an important topic in scientific research applications. However, GPU might well be seen more as a cooperator than a rival to CPU. Therefore, exploiting the power of CPU and GPU in solving the MFA tracker algorithm based on CPU-GPG integrated computing environment is the focus of this thesis.

In this thesis, a parallel MFA algorithm implementation based on CPU-GPU integrated computing model to optimize performance is presented. The results show that the algorithm increases the average performance by 10 times compared with the traditional algorithm. Based on the results and current trends in parallel computing architecture. it is believed that efficient use of CPU-GPU integrated environment will become increasingly important to high-performance tracking applications.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: CONTROLLABLE SELF-ASSEMBLY BASED ON INTERACTION OF BORONIC ACIDS AND DIOLS

contributor:
Pelton, Robert
Shiping Zhu, Gianluigi Botton
Shiping Zhu, Gianluigi Botton
Chemical Engineering

subject:
self-assembly
boronic acid
diol
interaction
Polymer Science
Polymer Science

abstract:
The interaction of boronic acid with diols is reversible and pH-dependent. Boronate groups are able to form complex with 1,2- diol or 1,3-diols at pH values above 9. Therefore, the unique property of boronic esters was employed to exploit controllable self-assembly by three independent mechanisms, each of which is independent of the other two. The three interaction mechanisms are 1) electrostatic attraction between positive polymers and negative surfaces. 2) Polyethylene glycol (PEG)—phenolic polymer complex formation, which is one type of hydrogen bonding. 3) Phenylboronate (PBA) binding to polyols.

To exploit these interactions, families of water-soluble and bifunctional copolymers containing pairs of non-interacting groups were prepared and characterized. Characterization includes structure, molecular weight, composition, etc. These bifunctional polymers can specifically interact with two other types of polymers/surfaces. Therefore, it provides a possibility to prepare complex assemblies by using multiple polymer/polymer interactions in one step.

The utility of multiple, independent interactions was demonstrated by formation of self-assembled multilayer thin films on both silicon wafers and polystyrene latex particles. Moreover, the formation of well-defined nanoparticle aggregates with three different sizes of polystyrene latex particles was studied to extend the application of controllable self-assembly by multiple interactions. The assembly structures of multilayers and latex aggregates were controllable by adjusting the pH and addition of competitive small molecules.

In addition to the study of multilayer self-assembly, a new approach for controllable deposition of latex nanoparticles on surfaces was also exploited. Regenerated cellulose films were chemically modified to fabricate the cellulose films bearing surface phenylboronic acid groups (cellulose-PBA). The poly(glycerol monomethacrylate)- stabilized polystyrene (PGMA-PS) latex particles were used to have reversible, pH-dependent adsorption onto the cellulose-PBA by the interaction of boronic acids and diols. Specific adsorption of PGMA-PS onto cellulose-PBA was observed at pH 10.5, whereas the latex particles were removed at pH 4.

abstract: Doctor of Engineering (DEng)


title: Uncertainty Analysis of Lake Erie Net Basin Supplies as Computed Using the Residual Method

contributor:
Moin, S.M.A.
Guo, Y.
Civil Engineering

subject:
Civil Engineering
Civil Engineering

abstract: The Lake Erie net basin supply (NBS) is defined as the net volume of water entering or exiting the lake from its own drainage basin over a specified period of time. NBS can be computed using either the component or residual method. In this research, an uncertainty analysis was performed on the residual method of computing Lake Erie NBS using both the First-Order Second Moment (FOSM) method and a Monte Carlo simulation approach. Uncertainties in each of the various inputs, including the inflows, outflows, and change in storage, among other sources, were first defined through analysis of data, when available, or with alternative methods when necessary. Estimating the unce11ainty in each of the NBS model inputs was found to be the most difficult and time consuming component of this study, and also the component prone to the most subjectivity. The results obtained using the FOSM and Monte Carlo approaches were found to be nearly identical when applied to the residual method of computing Lake Erie NBS. Comparison of the results of this study to the results from other research showed that the overall uncertainties in NBS are of similar magnitude. However, the uncertainty in the change in storage was found to be greater than estimates given in previous studies, and greater than perhaps generally believed, being of a similar magnitude to the uncertainty in the Lake Erie inflows and outflows, which have normally been cited as the greatest sources of uncertainty in Lake Erie residual NBS.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: Identifying Modifications and Generating Dependency Graphs for Impact Analysis in a Legacy Environment

contributor:
Wassyng, Alan
Lawford, Mark
Computing and Software

subject:
Computer Engineering
Software Engineering
Computer Engineering

abstract:
Large enterprise level systems often have their own application software layer wrapped over large software tools or products from commercial vendors. From time to time, vendors release patches which update or enhance the products to meet various requirements. However, applying the patches often introduces risk that the wrapper software layer might behave incorrectly, especially if the customer has little knowledge of the linkage between the application layer and the vendor provided system (for example, because the application itself is a legacy system). So there is always the need for analyzing the impact of patches and reducing the risk in applying them. Impact analysis depends on two sources of knowledge - the physical modifications made by a patch and a dependency graph of the entities in the system. This thesis provides an empirical approach to finding modifications and generating dependency graphs that can be used for impact analysis.

The work presented here is actually part of a large reverse engineering project, which deals with a huge system consisting of a legacy customer application layer, Oracle E-Business Suite and Oracle database. To reduce the risk introduced by Oracle patches, the customer currently executes all tests of their current test suite, which is extremely expensive in terms of money and time, with the added drawback that the testing that is performed is not targeted in any way at the entities that have been changed or that depend on entities that have been changed. The ultimate goal of the project is to provide the customer with a reduced and focused test suite after analyzing the impact of patches. Although a lot of work has been carried out to date regarding impact analysis, program dependency graph generation and regression test selection, none of them deals with such a huge domain as involved in the E-Business Suite. Moreover, none of them was applied to a system where one component is a legacy layer.

We restrict ourselves only to Java class (bytecode) files for the sake of this thesis. We use static analysis on XML representation of class files produced by off-the-shelf bytecode analysis tools. For finding modification between two successive versions of a class file, we compare the two XML representations and generate the output in XML format. For generating a dependency graph among the entities in the Java environment, we analyze all the XML files, extract dependency information using an empirical technique which we call access dependency analysis, and finally store all this information in a database for use in the impact analysis process. Both of these processes are fully automated without any human intervention.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: Coarse Geometry and Homology Theories

contributor:
Hambleton, Ian
Mathematics

subject: Mathematics Mathematics

abstract: An exposition of several homology and cohomology theories is given. Particular emphasis is placed on coarse homology and coarse analogues of the Eilenberg-Steenrod axioms. Relations between coarse homology and end homology are considered, and an isomorphism between these two theories is proved under a certain contractibility condition on the underlying space.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: On the Mechanism of Ionic 1,3-Elimination in the Formation of Halonortricyclones

contributor:
Worstiuk, Nick H.
Chemistry

subject: Chemistry Chemistry

abstract: The mechanism of 1,3-elimination in the bicyclo(2,2,1)heptyl system was studied using mass spectrometry and gas chromatography. The ionic chlorination, bromination, and iodo monochlorination of 2,3-d₂-norbornene, exo, exo-5, 6-d₂-norbornene, and endo, endo-5, 6-d₂-norbornene were performed to obtain deuterium loss data. In the chlorination of norbornene, most of the tricyclic product arises from the cyclic norbornyl chloronium ion and/or classical exo-S-chloronorbornyl cation (classical ion interpretation), or from the cyclic norbornyl chloronium ion (non-classical ion interpretation). In the bromination of norbornene, most of the tricyclic product arises from the classical syn-7-bromonorbornyl cation and/or anti-7-bromonorbornyl cation (classical ion interpretation), or from the first formed non-classical 3-bromonorbornyl cation (non-classical ion interpretation). In the iodo monochlorination of norbornene, most of the tricyclic product arises from the classical syn-7-iodo-norbornyl cation (classical ion interpretation), or from the first formed non-classical 3-iodonorbornyl cation (non-classical ion interpretation. Three of the products from the reaction of norbornene with iodo monochloride were isolated and identified to be: 3-iodonortricyclene, exo-2-iodo-endo-3-chloronorbornane, and syn-7-iodo-exo-2-chloronorbornane.

abstract: Master of Science (MS)


title: Modelling of Recovery and Recrystallization in Magnesium Alloys

contributor:
Zurob, Hatem
Esmaeili, Shahrzad
Materials Science and Engineering

subject:
Materials Science and Engineering
Materials Science and Engineering

abstract: Through the study of recovery, precipitation and their effects on recrystallization at various annealing temperatures, a physically based model was developed to describe recrystallization kinetics of Mg AZ31. Based on Zener drag calculations, precipitates in AZ31 had little effect on recrystallization. Recovery activation energy and activation volume were determined from yield stress vs. time experiments. Recovery kinetics were used to determine the stored energy remaining within the material throughout the annealing process. Recrystallization experiments showed that contraction twins were preferred regions of recrystallization and in-situ recrystallization experiments showed that twin/twin and twin/GB intersections were ideal locations for nuclei growth outside of the twinned volume. Given the deformation and the annealing temperature, the proposed model is able to predict the recrystallized fraction as a function of time. Future versions of the model may be used to construct recrystallization-time-temperature (RTT) maps as well as predict recrystallized grain size after a time of anneal. The model predictions are in excellent qualitative agreement with experimental observations and can capture nucleation growth within both the twins and matrix.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: Design for Dynamic Performance: Application to an Air Separation Unit

contributor:
Swartz, Christopher
Chemical Engineering

abstract:
The significant effect that the design of a plant can have on its dynamic performance has led to methodologies for systematic analysis of the interaction between design and control, and for inclusion of dynamic performance considerations in plant design. In this thesis, an optimization-based framework is presented for improving the agility of a N2 plant in response to the highly dynamic market, particularly demand and electricity price fluctuations. In this research, a decomposition optimization strategy is followed to identify limiting plant constraints and investigate selected design modifications using a rigorous dynamic air separation plant model. The plant model comprises of dynamic models for the distillation column with an integrated reboiler/condenser and a primary heat exchanger, and algebraic models for a compressor and turbine. The models presented follow first principles and/or empirical approaches. An index reduction procedure is utilized to reduce a high-index dynamic distillation model to an index-1 system. The proposed plant model is validated and reconciled using plant data through parameter estimation. Excellent prediction accuracy is obtained.

Steady state optimization is the first tier of the optimization problem. In this stage, different scenarios in terms of demand changes and electricity price fluctuations are explored. In all optimized cases, the liquid nitrogen (LN2 ) production rate and rate of evaporation remain at their lower bounds due to the zero revenue for LN2 product and the high cost of evaporation. It is demonstrated that operating close to the maximum allowable impurity level is optimal as it gives a high recovery rate. Two major findings in this stage are: (1) the operating window of the plant is defined by the flooding constraint of the distillation column and the surge constraint of the compressor when the feed flow rate is considered; and (2) there is a break-even point between revenue generated from and compression cost required by one mole of air feed into the system when electricity price fluctuates.

Dynamic optimization is performed to switch the system from the base case operating point to the new operating point determined from the steady state optimization without violating plant constraints . At rajectory tracking objective function with endpoint constraints to "pin-down" the final states to the pre-determined optimal values is solved in each case. With optimized control action, a fast transition without constraint violations can be achieved. Plants can complete the transit ion in less than 30 minutes with step-like responses of gas nitrogen (GN2 ) production. Two plant modifications for aiding transitions are evaluated: (1) introducing external LN2 during transit ions for cases of increasing demand, and (2) allowing a vent stream after the compressor for cases of decreasing demand. Even though for this particular plant setup (impurity requirements, tray design, etc.), introducing external LN2 may not be cost-effective, this design modification is very attractive as it allows a smaller operating safety margin in the impurity requirement, which could result in more profitable steady state operation.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: A Generative Approach to Meshing Geometry

contributor:
Carette, Jacques
Smith, Spencer
Software Engineering

subject:
Software Engineering
Software Engineering

abstract: This thesis presents the design and implementation of a generative geometric kernel suitable for supporting a family of mesh generation programs. The kernel is designed as a program generator which is generic, parametric, type-safe. and maintainable. The generator can generate specialized code that has minimal traces of the design abstractions. We achieve genericity, understandability, and maintainability in the generator by a layered design that adopts its concepts from the affine geometry domain. We achieve parametricity and type-safety by using MetaOCaml's module system and its support for higher order modules. The cost of adopting natural domain abstractions is reduced by combining MetaOCaml's support for multi-stage programming with the technique of abstract interpretation.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: Interactions of sodium calcium exchanger (NCX) and sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA) in the porcine coronary artery smooth muscle cells

contributor:
Grover, A.K.
Biology

subject: Biology Biology

abstract:
Calcium (Ca2+) is an important signaling molecule with tightly regulated movements across cell membranes. Ca2+ transporters play a key role in this regulation. The sarco/endoplasmic reticulum (SER) Ca2+ pump (SERCA) and plasma membrane Ca2+ pump (PMCA) keep cytosolic Ca2+ levels [Ca2+]i low. The sodium calcium exchanger (NCX) is bidirectional and may work to expel Ca2+ or bring it into the cell depending on the electrochemical gradient. NCX has been proposed to play a role in refilling the SER Ca2+ pool.

The overall objective of this thesis was to determine the effect of SER Ca2+ depletion on NCX- SERCA interactions in pig coronary artery smooth muscle by monitoring changes in [Ca2+]i and the co-localization between NCX and SERCA. NCX mediated increase in [Ca2+]i was observed in Na+ loaded smooth muscle cells. The effect of SER depletion by thapsigargin was examined on the NCX mediated increase in [Ca2+]i. A decrease in the NCX mediated increase in [Ca2+]i was observed upon inhibition of SERCA pump with thapsigargin. The effect of SER depletion on proximity of NCX and SERCA proteins was also investigated using immunofluorescence confocal microscopy using anti-NCXl and anti-SERCA2 antibodies and fluorescence labeled secondary antibodies. Na+ loaded smooth muscle cells in NMG buffer were incubated with or without SERCA inhibitor thapsigargin. Resulting image stacks were analyzed for the co-localization of NCXl and SERCA2 in the areas near the plasma membrane. SER depletion with thapsigargin increased the co-localization between NCXl and SERCA2 near the plasma membrane of smooth muscle cells. Thus, SER Ca2+ depletion moves plasma membrane protein NCX and SER protein SERCA closer to each other and decreases the NCX mediated Ca2+ entry in the cell. These interactions may be crucial to smooth muscle Ca2+ regulation and has the ability to be a potential therapeutic target during oxidative stress. However, the nature of these interactions needs to be explored.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: A Simulation Study to Examine a New Method of Sampling When Information on the Target Population Is Very Limited

contributor:
Shannon, H.
Statistics

subject:
Statistics and Probability
Statistics and Probability

abstract: A new sampling method was developed for use in areas where standard methods for sampling from a population may be difficult or impossible to use. The new method uses Global Positioning System (GPS) points and satellite photos to identify datapoints (locations) within selected towns. A circle (of a specified radius) is drawn around each datapoint, which may include several buildings or sometimes none. A single household is sampled from each circle and then one adult (aged 18 years or older) is interviewed from the household, based on who had the most recent birthday. Two issues arise with this new sampling method: first, the probability of sampling any household may vary, depending on the datapoint its chosen from; and second, circles surrounding the chosen datapoints may overlap. The thesis used simulations to see whether the first issue affected the point estimates of two population parameters. The second issue was too complex to investigate so it was ignored when sampling households. Simulations were run to test the sampling method on two different hypothetical towns, one with denser population than the other. Results from the simulations showed that estimates did not always match what was expected, but the observed differences were not substantial. It was presumed that the reason for differences was due to the issue of multiple probabilities for selection as well as overlapping circles (which had been ignored during sampling), since both issues were inherent in this sampling method. Although some differences were observed from true values, they appeared not to be very different from the population values, so I conclude that this sampling method is a useful one. Future work may look more closely at understanding the issue of overlapping circles and how it affects the point estimates.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: Analyzing Health Utility Data with Generalized Additive Models

contributor:
Childs, Aaron
Pullenayegum, Eleanor
Statistics

abstract:
The money put into health care has been increasing dramatically. Comparison of different programs is important in helping government to make decision as to what health care services to be provided. The cost-effectiveness of different health care programs can be compared based on the improvement of a person's health states and the cost it incurred. To measure the health states of a person, health utility scores can be used. But health utility data exhibit features such as non-normality, heteroscedasticity of variances, and the majority of observations attaining values close to or at the maximum of the measurement scale. This brings challenges to analyzing health utility data. For example, linear regression with the assumption of normality might not be valid since non-normality is present in health utility data. To address these problems, other methods are used. In this study, we investigate the performance of generalized additive models (GAMs) in handling health utility data. In GAMs, the relationship between the response and the predictor variables can be non-linearly defined. So GAM methods give more options in the assumption of the relationship between the response and the predictors. For comparison, we also use ordinary least squares. To evaluate the performance of generalized additive models, simulation is used. Data are generated from the simulation model, and GAMs will be used to fit the simulated data. Bias and coverage probability will be used to assess the performance of the GAM method. A comparison between OLS and GAM will be also be done in the study. And, as an illustration, GAM will be applied to a real data set called Diabetes Hamilton which "vas collected from some diabetic patients who participated in a community program based in Hamilton, Ontario.

When GAM is applied to the real data set, similar results to the OLS method in terms of the estimates of the parameters is observed. Both methods give similar coefficient values for each parameter. From the simulation results, the estimate given by the GAM method is closer to the true value than the OLS method in general. The bias produced by the GAM is smaller than the OLS method. So overall, GAM method seems to be valid in analyzing the data set such as those used in this study and also the general health utility data.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: Integrated Plant Modeling and Optimization Under Uncertainty

contributor:
Marlin, Tom E.
Swartz, Christopher L.E.
Chemical Engineering

abstract:
A centralized optimization strategy is proposed to determine optimal raw material purchasing and plant operation practices as applied to the steel processing industry. Primary steelmaking can be separated into three sub-areas: cokemaking, ironmaking, and steelmaking. Raw materials are purchased on the open market for each area and include coal, iron ore pellets, and scrap steel. Many raw material vendors exist, providing products varying in quality and price. Additionally, the processing of raw materials within each area has an impact on its neighbours and, therefore, it is desired to determine the least costly method of both purchasing and processing the raw materials to make steel of acceptable quality.

This work studies the modeling of primary steelmaking using a combination of mass balances and empirical relationships. The model, in addition to process constraints, is combined with a cost objective function and solved using a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) solver. Various case studies are shown that illustrate the strong connection between the cokemaking and ironmaking as the carbon, volatile matter, and phosphorous contents of the coals and pellets have a large impact raw material selection. The centralized optimization results are then compared to the classic decentralized approach showing a clear reduction in cost.

Raw material uncertainty is incorporated using two-stage stochastic programming. The formulation considers numerous raw material quality scenarios and the optimizer is required to make purchasing decisions based on the probability of each scenario occurring. The results indicate that by making a slightly more expensive raw material purchase, the frequency of constraint violation during processing can be significantly reduced.

Multi-period optimization is also studied to determine how multi-tiered raw material pricing affects purchasing decisions. Steel demand forecasting is combined with the Multi-period formulation to make planning decisions over an entire year. Case studies are provided that illustrate how multi-tiered pricing can significantly change the slate of raw materials purchased. A rolling horizon optimization approach is then incorporated to determine how decisions change throughout the year in the face of errors in demand forecasting.

abstract: Master of Engineering (ME)


title: Optical Spectroscopy on High-Temperature Superconductors

contributor:
Timusk, T.
Physics and Astronomy

subject:
Astrophysics and Astronomy
Physics
Astrophysics and Astronomy

abstract:
Optical spectroscopy is an experimental tool used to probe the intermediate-energy level excitations in solid materials with the ultimate goal of achieving a bosonic spectral function. Reflectance of a sample is measured and then manipulated to yield frequency-dependent conductivity, dielectric functions, scattering rates and self-energies. The technique is particularly useful in probing the underlying electronic mechanisms in high-temperature superconductors.

The technique is applied to an Iron pnictide superconductor, namely BaFe1.8Co0.2As2. The reflectance is measured and reported, along with all relevant quantities derived from this result. In particular the bosonic spectral function is uncovered and then interpreted.

In addition, a "proof of concept" is included to illustrate the advantages and disadvantages of the Maximum Entropy Inversion method which is used to uncover the boson spectral function. The results reported here make reference to an already published article on the Bi-2212 superconductor and the conclusion will be verified.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: Polymers for Reversible Cell Encapsulation

contributor:
H., Harald D.
Chemistry

subject: Chemistry Chemistry

abstract:
Cell encapsulation aims to introduce immune-isolated living cells into patients to treat endocrine disorders. The conventional microcapsule structure is the alginate/PLL/alginate capsule (APA), which can provide a fairly biocompatible, semi-permeable shell for cells, but with insufficient chemical-mechanical stability. Clinical applications of APA capsules are still far off due to PLL protein absorption, alginate cytotoxicity and weakening the interpenetrated porous structure through the sodium/calcium ion exchange.

In this study, a reactive polyanion (poly (methacrylic acid-co-2[methacryloyloxy] ethyl acetoacetate), 70:30, A 70) was prepared by free radical polymerization in ethanol. A70 was combined with sodium alginate solution, and gelled in calcium chloride to provide crosslinked shell around PLL-coated CaAlg capsules, and to reinforce the CaAlg core by forming covalent bonds with PLL that diffused to the capsule interior.

This system benefits from a rapid non-toxic crosslinking reaction at physiological conditions. The mechanism and rate of covalent bond formation and cleavage were studied with the help of model reactions and UV/Vis and 1H-NMR. We also studied the ability of polyanion, A70, to reinforce the CaAlg core by forming covalent bonds with indiffused PLL. The PLL diffusion depth, the mobility of A70 inside the CaAlg gel, the encapsulation process and microcapsule structure were studied in detail. Network degradation was also studied using gel dissolution for the capsules stored at 37°C, and correlated with studies of chemical hydrolysis of the network forming polyanion.

Overall, this thesis introduces a simple, fast and accurate method to study the polyelectrolyte ability to form enamine bonds, and the stability of resulting crosslink bond in aqueous solution via small molecule models with an acceptable match to real microcapsules. According to these results the synthetic polyanion, A70, showed significant potential for applications that require protection of cells for the time needed to develop their own extracellular matrix, and as such can certainly find valuable uses in the field of cell encapsulation.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: Spatial and temporal dynamics of Laurentian Great Lakes coastal marshes

contributor:
Chow-Fraser, Patricia
Biology

subject: Biology Biology

abstract:
Despite their ecological and economical values, degradation of coastal marshes in the Laurentian Great Lakes is widespread. In order to restore degraded marshes and protect high-quality ones we need to understand the interactions between abiotic and biotic factors and how these change over space and time. The over-arching goal of this thesis is to gain greater understanding about the temporal and spatial dynamics that shape coastal marshes.

Chapter 1 evaluates the response of the biotic and abiotic components to restoration efforts at Cootes Paradise, a degraded coastal marsh of Lake Ontario. We used three approaches: 1) we analysed changes in water quality parameters and the community composition of zooplankton, macrophytes and fish 2) we used ecological indices based on water quality, zooplankton, macrophyte and fish communities to track changes in quality and 3) we evaluated changes in the wetland quality in comparison with two other coastal wetlands of the Laurentian Great Lakes for which long-term data exist. Our results show that there has been variable improvement in wetland quality at Cootes Paradise, but compared to the two other wetlands, it is still the most degraded in all aspects studied. We detected an overall trend towards moderately better water quality conditions in Cootes Paradise over the past decade but this is not directly reflected in the zooplankton, macrophyte and fish communities. We believe that high nutrient levels and high turbidity are preventing the progression to a clear-water macrophyte dominated system.

Chapter 2 examines the influence of environmental variation on the zooplankton assemblage at nearshore Long Point Bay, Lake Erie. We visited 102 sites along the nearshore and sampled for zooplankton and a suite of environmental variables. Afterwards, we evaluated the impacts of exposure using wind and fetch data to calculate a Relative Exposure Index (REI). Ordination techniques revealed a large variation in physical disturbance, water clarity, nutrient concentrations, water chemistry and aquatic vegetation that explained the distribution pattern of zooplankton at the 102 sites. Gradients of REI are strongly positively correlated with environmental variables, such as pH, dissolved oxygen, and temperature and highly negatively correlated with conductivity and dissolved organic carbon. The results of this study highlight the impacts of exposure on the zooplankton community and the effects of connectivity to larger water bodies.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: Distributions of Linear Combinations of Uniform Coverages

contributor:
Mead, E. R.
Mathematics

subject: Mathematics Mathematics

abstract: This paper is concerned with the distributions of one and two linear combinations of uniform coverages with applications to the distributions of the sums of ordered intervals.

abstract: Master of Science (MS)


title: The Logical Modalities and Their Semantics

contributor:
Wilson, N.L.
Philosophy

subject: Philosophy Philosophy

abstract: This thesis is an interpretation of the logical modalities with the formulation of a suitable semantics. The system devised, QS4.3*, is based on the modal system S4.3, with the defining axiom, ם]םpםכq] vם]םqםכp], and the addition of quantifiers. The "accessibility relation" for the system is reflexive, transitive and anti-symmetric which defines a partial-ordering of possible partial worlds, rather than of the usual possible worlds. The need for a partial-ordering allows for a fuller interpretation of truth in all/some possible partial worlds with respect to states-of-affairs and sub-states-of-affairs. This is possible with a restricted meaning of the possible world as a possible partial world.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Energy Efficient Model Predictive Building Temperature Control

contributor:
Mhaskar, Prashant
Chemical Engineering

abstract: Sustainability considerations have placed increasing emphasis on the energy efficient operation and control of temperature control systems. It is estimated that the use of advanced control structures could lead to valuable savings in energy expenditure (up to 15-20 %) . This work considers the problem of developing a model predictive control (MPC) algorithm for temperature control in buildings. To this end, a cascade control structure was designed to regulate the room temperature subject to heat load disturbances, such as outdoor conditions or changes in the internal gains (i .e., number of people in a room). The inner loop of the cascade control structure involved controlling key variables of a vapor compression cycle (VCC), namely the superheat and supply air temperature (from the evaporator), by manipulating the compressor speed and valve opening (components in the VCC). Linear inputoutput models were appropriately identified for the VCC using a detailed first-principles model (adapted from Thermosys) for eventual utilization in a predictive control design. Then, closed loop simulations were performed by interfacing the VCC model with EnergyPlus (developed by the U.S . Department of Energy) , which was used to model realistic room temperature behavior. The control performance using a predictive controller (in the inner loop) was then evaluated against PI control.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: Sedimentology of the Wapiabi Formation and Equivalents (Upper Cretaceous), Central and Northern Foothills, Alberta

contributor:
Walker, Roger G.
Geology

subject: Geology Geology

abstract:
This thesis provides detailed sedimentological descriptions and interpretations for the Upper Cretaceous Wapiabi Formation of the central and northern Alberta Foothills. The Wapiabi Formation is made up at seven members (Muskiki, Marshybank, Dowling, Thistle, Hanson, Chungo, and Nomad) which form a thick sequence (up to 700 m) of predominantly marine shales, siltstones, and sandstones.

During Muskiki time (late Turonian to Coniacian), deposition in the Alberta Basln was largely restricted to marine shales. These shales were deposited during a period of relative orogenic quiescence in the rising Cordillera to the west.

Subsequent to deposition of the Muskiki Member, siltstones of the early Santonian aged Marshybank Member (and sandstones of its equivalent to the north, the Bad Heart Formation) were deposited. Paleocurrent data suggest that this clastic pulse prograded from the northwest. A facies change from nearshore sands to deeper marine siltstones occurs in the area just north of Hinton, Alberta.

A major transgression occurred subsequent to Marshybank deposition. The resulting sequence of Dowling and Thistle shales (early to late Santenian) was deposited in a quiet marine basin during a long period of tectonic inactivity. The Hanson and Chungo Members ( late Santonian aged), together, record a single progradational phase prior to the initial major progradation of the Belly River-Paskapoo Assemblage. The bioturbated shales and siltstones of the Hanson Member were deposited well below storm wave base in a quiet marine environment. The lower Chungo member is characterized by a regressive sequence of storm influenced sandstones which exhibit turbidites and hummocky and swaley cross-stratification. The upper Chungo Member at Mt. Yamnuska records tidal dominance within an environment protected from storm events (outer eustuary, protected bay?). At the remaining Chungo exposures the upper Chungo is interpreted in terms of a storm dominated. northeasterly prograding shoreline sequence that was influenced by a strong longshore Current that flowed towards the southeast. The top of the Chungo regression is regionally capped by a thin, transgressive pebble conglomerate which marks the transition into deep marine shales of the Nomad Member.

The late Santonian to early Campanian aged Nomad Member records the last inundation of the Wapiabi Sea. The basal shale beds are transgressive in nature, being deposited above both marine and non-marine Chungo sediments, wgile the transitional upper beds reflect the fast rate at which the non-marine Belly River Formation prograded over the Nomad shales.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: A Reconsideration of Bacon's Essays

contributor:
Roebuck, W. G.
English

subject:
English Language and Literature
English Language and Literature

abstract: This thesis begins by examining various critical opinions of Bacon as a literary figure. He has been both praised for the clarity of his writing and his ability to synthesize disparate realities and ridiculed for his expediency and his lack of imagination. During the twentieth century critics have championed both viewpoints. We have examined this controversy and attempted to point out the limitations of each argument. In particular, we have considered the Essays since this work has been selected by critics as representative of Bacon's positive and negative qualities. The Essays pose several problems because Bacon chose to write them in three different versions, 1597, 1612, and 1625. Most people have noted the various additions and emendations in the editions but few scholars have discovered a pattern or rationale for the development of the Essays. Stanley Fish, however, has put forth an interesting and provocative thesis. He suggests that the changes, in the form especially, are analogous to Bacon's inductive, scientific method. We have considered carefully his theory and then proceeded to examine the audience or readership of Bacon's Essays. It has been commonly accepted that the Essays, like many other common-place books, were written for the growing middle class. Our thorough investigation of the Essays shows, however, that in a number of essays changes in the content focuses them on the affairs of state and particularly on the duties of the King. Moreover, we note that the changes in form reveal a use of techniques common in grammar school exercises. We suggest, then, that Bacon wrote his Essays in response to the social and political needs of the era, and further, that the new essays appealed both in content and form to an elite audience rather than an exclusively middle class group. In so doing, we have offered several comments about Bacon's literary abilities in general and we have introduced a new idea regarding the development of the Essays specifically. We hope that this thesis will be of value to future Bacon scholars.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Antithetical Developments in the Poetry and Criticism of Matthew Arnold

contributor:
Ferns, John
English

subject:
English
English Language and Literature
English Language and Literature

abstract:
My thesis involves a study of a development in Arnold's poetry that is antithetical to the development of Arnold's prose. At first, Arnold's poetry preached an active, moral involvement in the world. This stance gradually collapsed, and, from quite early in his career, Arnold's poetry is characterized by detachment and withdrawal from life.

Arnold's literary criticism exhibits an opposite movement. The Preface to Poems (1853) stresses the necessity for the pleasurable presentation of an action as a basis for poetry, and explicitly denies that the poet in any way interprets his age. This, says Arnold, is the "delirium of vanity." Yet Arnold makes an about face. He decides later, in his essay on Maurice de Guerin (1862), that poetry must be both the "interpretress" of the "natural" and "moral" world. This stance characterizes his later literary criticism.

The first chapter of my thesis deals with the above development in Arnold's poetry up to the 1853 volume of poems. The chapter ends there because the change described above has, by that time, taken place. The second chapter deals with Arnold's middle and later poetry, but primarily with the antithetical development of his early literary criticism. The third and fourth chapters deal with Arnold's middle and later literary criticism, as well as Culture and Anarchy and Literature and Dogma, and the relationship between this prose and the contemporaneous poetry.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: "James Joyce's Ulysses: A Critical Approach With An Analysis of Some Recent Joyce Criticism"

contributor:
Vince, R. W.
English

abstract: The presentation of a critical approach to James Joyce's Ulysses suggesting a way in which previous critical contradictions might be overcome.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Implications of Chaos in Paradise Lost

contributor:
Dale, James
English

abstract: I plan to trace the implications of Chaos in Paradise Lost as a place, an illuminating allegorical figure, and as a constant fact of fallen reality. "The heav'ns and earth / Rose out of Chaos", says Milton (I, 9-10), and I intend to establish its cosmological reference points before investigating Chaos, as it is presented in the poem, with its frightening extrapolations for man's fallen state. By recognizing the enormity of Chaos we gain a sense of its overwhelming presence, and a heightened awareness of its everthreatening encroachment on our fallen world.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Innovative and Unifying Vision of Sir Thomas Malory in THE TALE OF THE SANKGREAL

contributor:
Braswell, Laurel
English

abstract:
Malory's Quest of the Holy Grail has generally been regarded as a rather inept translation of the Quest del Saint Graal, Malory's source. Critics, especially Vinaver, have usually maintained that Malory did not understand the theology of the original and consequently 'secularized' it, missing its essential point. In defense of this argument, they have pointed out that Malory reduced the length and number of the many speeches and homilies, delivered by monks and hermits, found in the French Quest. They have also accused Malory of exonerating Lancelot, saving him from the humiliations he encounters in the French and failing to present him as a good penitent. This argument can be challenged, however. The incidents and passages frequently used to demonstrate Malory's secular outlook either do not stand up to close examination or else establish merely that Malory's purpose differed from the French author's. In no way do they prove that Malory diminished the religious significance of the tale.

A further case can be made that Malory in fact added a further level of meaning to the Quest. Most literary critics, and many historians, have assumed that chivalry was essentially dead and gone in Malory's time, and that his interest in knighthood could only have been nostalgic. Recent historical evidence, however, suggests the opposite--that knighthood was very much alive in the fifteenth century. The literary evidence supports this stand. On the basis of a close comparison of Malory's Quest and its source, an argument can be made that Malory had a lively interest in chivalry and was actively involved in the attempt to define an ideal of knighthood which was in harmony with Christian standards. To complete this argument, a number of differences between the two versions of the Quest suggest that Malory was influenced by the ideal of political or mixed rule advanced by Sir John Fortescue, and that Malory incorporated political responsibilities into his chivalric ideal.

On the basis of this evidence, it appears that Malory's Quest deserves to be treated, not as an inadequate translation of the French, but as an innovative and coherent work with considerable merits of its own.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Reporting of Influenza-Related Events

contributor:
Loeb, Mark B.
Dolovich, Lisa
Brazil, Kevin
Health Research Methodology

subject:
agreement
reliability
influenza
self-report
medical records
influenza like illness
Medicine and Health Sciences
Medicine and Health Sciences

abstract: We evaluated the comparability of influenza-related events self-reported by research participants and their outpatient medical records using data collected from the Hutterite Influenza Prevention Trial. We also explored the implications of using data on influenza symptoms from both data sources, independently and in combination, as predictors of laboratory-confirmed influenza. Self-report of influenza symptoms, physician-diagnosed otitis media and antibiotics prescribed at outpatient consultations was collected from trial participants. Similar data were also collected by fax requests for medical record information to the medical facilities. We found lower rates of self-reported prevalence for fever, sore throat, earache and otitis media and higher rates of antibiotic prescriptions compared to the medical records. Total agreements between self-report and medical report of symptoms varied between 61% and 88%. Negative agreement was considerably higher than positive agreement for each symptom, except cough. Self report of otitis media was a very specific measure (93%), but had lower sensitivity (47%). Positive predictive value was moderate at 64% but negative predictive value was good at 86%. Self-reported antibiotic prescription was a highly sensitive measure (98%), but had low specificity (50%). Positive predictive value was high at 91% but negative predictive value was modest at 65%. Fever (on its own) and combined with cough and/or sore throat were highly correlated with laboratory-confirmed influenza for all data sources. The ILI surveillance definition of fever and sore throat, based on combined symptoms by both medical records and self report, was the best predictor laboratory confirmed influenza.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: BIOTECHNOLOGICAL INVENTION OF CALOXINS - A NOVEL CLASS OF ALLOSTERIC INHIBITORS SPECIFIC FOR PLASMA MEMBRANE CALCIUM PUMP ISOFORMS

contributor:
Grover, A.K.
Biology

subject:
endothelium
smooth muscle
PMCA
calcium pump
inhibitor
caloxin
phage display
coronary artery
Molecular Biology
Molecular Biology

abstract:
This work used biotechnology to invent new caloxins - allosteric peptide inhibitors of plasma membrane Ca2+ pumps (PMCA) needed to understand the Ca2+ signalling in coronary artery.

PMCA are encoded by genes PMCA1-4. Defects in PMCA expression have been associated with several pathologies. The major objectives of my thesis were to determine the expression of PMCA isoforms in the smooth muscle and the endothelium of coronary artery and to invent high affinity and specificity caloxins for the isoforms present in these tissues.

In Aim 1 it was determined that the total PMCA protein and activity was much greater in smooth muscle than in endothelium. Both tissues expressed only PMCA1 and PMCA4, with PMCA4 > PMCA1 in smooth muscle and PMCA1 > PMCA4 in endothelium. Therefore, the search for PMCA1 and 4 selective caloxins using phage display technique was conducted.

Aim 2 was to invent PMCA1 selective inhibitors. Caloxin 1b3 was invented as the first known PMCA1 selective inhibitor. It inhibited PMCA1 Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase with higher affinity than PMCA2, 3 or 4. Aims 1 and 2 were consistent with the greater potency of caloxin 1b3 than a known PMCA4 selective caloxin 1b1 in increasing cytosolic Ca2+ concentration in endothelial cells.

Aim 3 was to obtain ultrahigh selectivity and affinity PMCA4 bidentate inhibitor using the previously invented PMCA4 selective caloxins 1c2 and 1b2. In the first step the affinity of caloxin 1b2 was improved by limited mutagenesis to obtain caloxin 1c4. Caloxin 1c4 had 5-6 times higher affinity than caloxin 1b2 for inhibiting PMCA4 activity. Optimization of the bidentate caloxins from caloxin 1c2 and 1c4 was also attempted.

The novel caloxins may aid in elucidating the role of PMCA1 and PMCA4 in the physiology and pathophysiology of coronary artery and other tissues.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: A BIOMECHANICAL EVALUATION OF LIGAMENT AND MUSCULAR STIFFNESS IN THE DISTAL UPPER EXTREMITY

contributor:
Keir, Peter
Jim Potvin, Michael Pierrynowski
Jim Potvin, Michael Pierrynowski
Kinesiology

subject:
Distal Upper Extremity
Stability
Muscle Stiffness
Ligament Stiffness
Cadaver
Occupational Biomechanics
Biomechanical Engineering
Biomechanics
Motor Control
Biomechanical Engineering

abstract:
The purpose of this thesis was to evaluate musculoskeletal contributions to joint stiffness in the distal upper extremity. An in-vitro and in-vivo approach was used to examine muscle and ligament contributions to mechanical joint stiffness at the elbow and wrist. In Chapters 2 and 3 an in-vitro approach was used to evaluate ligament contributions to carpal tunnel mechanics. Chapter 2 documented transverse carpal ligament (TCL) mechanical properties and provided a calculation of TCL length when stretched, which confirmed the ligaments importance in carpal tunnel mechanics and carpal bone stability. Chapter 3 quantified mechanical properties of the TCL at six different locations using a biaxial tensile testing method. It was found that the complex TCL fibre arrangement makes the tissue properties location dependent. The TCL contributes to carpal tunnel mechanics and carpal stability and the ligament contributions are different depending on the tissue location tested. Chapters 4 and 5 focused on the effects of hand loads and arm postures on the muscular response to sudden arm perturbations. The elbow flexors demonstrated stiffness contributions immediately prior to a perturbation and were influenced by posture and hand loading. The forearm muscles provided a small contribution to elbow joint stiffness. Chapter 6 also found muscular contributions that increased wrist joint stiffness immediately prior to a sudden perturbation. Additionally, for a small grip-demanding task, forearm muscle co-contraction resulted in large increases in wrist joint stiffness.

This thesis has provided a detailed analysis of the TCL which improves our understanding of the carpal tunnel and specific mechanisms of injury. It is the first to document individual muscle contributions to elbow and wrist joint stiffness. The comprehensive analysis of ligament and muscular contributions to joint stiffness has provided insight into joint stability in the distal upper extremity. This can improve our understanding of injury caused by sudden joint loading.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Adaptive State Estimation for Systems with White and Coloured Noise

contributor:
Sinha, N.K.
Electrical Engineering

subject:
Electrical and Electronics
Electrical and Electronics

abstract:
The problem of adaptive state estimation which involves the identification of the Kalman gain matrix without a priori information on the noise statistics is presented. A scheme incorporating an identification algorithm and a tracking algorithm is proposed. This scheme provides a powerful approach for adaptive state estimation.

An ARMA model for system description is derived for preliminary analysis of the noise transition matrix when the observation noise is sequentially correlated.

The innovations process for systems with coloured observation noise is shown to be white for optimum filtering.

Simulations are performed on an inertial navigation system for both white and coloured observation noise. Numerical results indicate the superiority of the filter with tracking over one without. Performance of the filter for coloured observation noise confirms the theoretical derivation of the ARMA model.

abstract: Master of Engineering (ME)


title: DOCTRINE AND POSTRY OF POPE'S ESSAY ON CRITICIS WITH RElATION TO BOILEAU'S ART POETIQUE

contributor:
Owen, B. W. J.
English

abstract: Themes and poetic expression of Alexander Pope's Essay in Criticism; the question of its originality and quality in comparison with Nicolas Boileau's Art Poétique.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: A Study in Historical Fiction: John Ford's Perkin Warbeck and Mary Shelley's The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck

contributor:
Morton, R.
English

abstract: This thesis is a detailed study of two fictional works, John Ford's Perkin Warbeck and Mary Shelley's The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck, which deal with the star; of the Royal Pretender Perkin Warbeck. It strives through these to show how historical fiction is written and how it relates to an author's own time and interests. It also glances at how historical fiction relates to posterity.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: THE FORCES OF ANTAGONISM IN SPENSER'S THE FAERIE QUEENE

contributor:
Cain, T.H.
Cain, T.H.

abstract: Doctor of Arts (DA)


title: Theban Legend in Greek Tragedy

contributor:
McKay, A. G.
Classics

subject: Classics Classics

abstract: This thesis examines those Greek tragedies dealing with the legend of the house of Laius and attempts to discover the adaptability of the hero to religious, social and political themes and also to delineate the persistent (and peculiar) images of each play.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Senate under Augustus: the Evidence of Dio

contributor:
Paul, G.M.
Latin

subject:
Latin American Languages and Societies
Latin American Languages and Societies

abstract:
This study attempts to investigate the position, working and activity of ' the Senate as revealed in Cassius Dio's account of the Principate of Augustus. I have selected what seem to me to be the principal passages on this theme in Books 52 to 56 for comment (the list is provided in the Table of Contents), and have freely referred to many others not so chosen.

Although the work is in no way a treatment of the constitutional position of the Princeps, this topic must intrude often on a discussion of the Senate's relation to its new master: and so must other, at first glance unrelated, subjects such as provincial governorships and financial administration--so central to the government of the State was the Senate. Frequent references also must be made to Republican usages, and to developments between the age of Augustus and Dio's own time.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: W. H. Auden's Horae Canonicae

contributor:
Berland, Alwyn
English

abstract:
This thesis is a close critical examination of W.H. Auden's most important poetic statement on the nature and function of Christian faith , the Horae Canonicae.

The Introduction gives, in brief, the historical background of the Canonical Hours of Worship in the Roman and English Churches, and there is discussion of Aude's particular use of the tradition of the hours. The significant extant criticism of the Horae is surveyed. This study of Auden's poems is presented as being more detailed than any work of criticism presently available , and as a new examination of the Horae Canonicae in the light of the whole of the Auden canon, with particular attention to other of Auden's poetic works analogous in thought , manner and voice to the poetry of the Horae.

The seven poems of the series are examined closely, one chapter of discussion being devoted to each. The argument is put forward that Auden's "hours" are not merely a cyclical devotion, but a progressive and didactic meditation on the efficacy of the sacrifice of Christ in the life of each individual willing to accept its claims upon him.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Labour Party and the CCF-NDP: A Comparative Study of Policies and Policy-making, 1945-1968

contributor:
Breckenridge, George
Political Science

subject:
Political Science
Political Science

abstract: This thesis is a comparative study of some domestic policies (nationalisation, taxation, health services and housing) of the Labour Party and the CCF-NDP between 1945 and 1968. The aims of the study are to assess the extent to which these policies have changed, to examine the reasons why they have changed and why CCF-NDP policies have become less socialist more rapidly than the Labour Party's.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Female Demons in the Fantasies of George MacDonald

contributor:
Sigman, Joseph
English

abstract: The thesis analyses several female characters in the fantasies of George MacDonald, using the concept of Jungian archetypes as a basis for study and comparison. Various similarities and contrasts between individual figures are developed first among those representing the "good" aspect of the Feminine and then the "evil". Some attempt is made to link the techniques used in the fantasy characterizations with those used by MacDonald in his "realistic" novels.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Structure and Unity of Robert Lowell's Life Studies

contributor:
Shrive, Norman F.
English

abstract:
The major emphasis of this thesis is a detailed explication and analysis of Robert Lowell's Life Studies. This volume of poetry, while not being ignored by critics, has been subjected to incomplete and often distorted analysis. I have read and analyzed this volume of poetry as if it were one long poem, as Lowell indicated that it should be read.

What my sustained reading has illuminated is something other critics have noticed, commented upon, but consistently failed to elaborate upon in detail: the unity and consistency of the poetry. What structures this vision, this world-view, is a complex symbol system, leitmotifs, verbal echoes and historical and social conceptions.

I have explored the poetic interweaving of the symbolic structures, the historical conceptions that inform the poetry, and, indeed, the very placement of the poems themselves in order to demonstrate that the vision presented in the poetry is a compelling and thoughtful one. So much so that I rank it with those other testaments of our age, The Waste Land and The Cantos. Whatever contributions ny thesis has made to knowledge is as yet undetermined. What can be said with some degree of certainty is this: this thesis has extended Lowpll scholarship in that many of the alleged mysteries or obscurities in Lowell's verse will, when this thesis is consulted, appear less mysterious, less obscure.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Stone, Flower and Jewel Imagery in Tennyson's Maud

contributor:
Ferns, John
English

abstract:
Since its initial publication in 1855, the conclusion of Tennyson's Maud has created a controversy among critics. Some critics regard Maud as one of Tennyson's greatest successes; other critics view the poem as both naively didactic and a failure of Tennyson's poetic technique.

In particular, the decision of the poem's speaker at the conclusion of Maud to enlist in the cause of the Crimean War has aroused much dispute. Many critics have seen this decision as a contradiction of the speaker's claim to have achieved moral enlightenment. This opinion ignores, however, Tennyson's design of the poem as a "psychological study" and concentrates instead on the biographical elements of the poem.

I believe that Tennyson's foremost consideration when writing Maud was an exploration of human psychology . Rather than see the speaker's decision as contradictory and an indication of the poem's failure, I regard it as psychologically valid and proof of Maud's success. Tennyson's use of imagery--particularly stone, flower and jewel images--to provide both dramatic continuity and lyric beauty to Maud is extensive and provides the means by which one can obtain insights into the character of the speaker and ascertain his intellectual and emotional condition at the conclusion of the poem.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Analysis of Damping and Synchronizing Torques in Power System Stability Studies

contributor:
Alden, R.T.H.
Electrical Engineering

abstract: Recently the problem of dynamic instability has been increased due to the recent trends in synchronous machine design and the growth in the relative size of the power stations. In this thesis such a problem has been examined by analysing the damping and synchronizing torque coefficients. Different methods for calculating those torque coefficients have been reviewed, and a new method based on a more accurate representation for the machine has been developed. Because of the more detailed representation the new resultant torque coefficients permit the investigation of additional properties of those coefficients, as well as more precise analysis of the properties previously studied. The problem of weak or negative damping associated with the use of high gain and quick response static exciters has been given special attention. Different schemes for producing a stabilizing signal have been discussed. A design procedure for a stabilizer which assures successful operation over the whole generation range has been outlined.

abstract: Master of Engineering (ME)


title: Spenser and the Sacred Booke: Biblical Allusion and Typology in Book I of The Faerie Queene

contributor:
Cain, T.H.
English

abstract: This thesis will examine Spenser's use of biblical allusion and typology in Book I of The Faerie Queene focusing on two major patterns the pattern in which the Legend of Holiness parallels the structure of the Bible as a whole, and the pattern drawn from the Book of Revelation. Chapter One will examine how the first part of the Legend of Holiness makes extensive use of the Old Testament, particularly the Fall story and the account of Israel's wandering. Chapter Two will explore Arthur's role as a redeemer figure, the Redcrosse knight's crisis of faith and his subsequent education in New Testament doctrine. The third chapter will concentrate on Spenser's use of the Book of Revelation, demonstrating how allusions to Revelation also contribute to the structure of Book I and then examining the relationship of the two concluding cantos to two of the great visions of St. John-- the triumph of the forces of good over the forces of evil and the marriage feast of the Lamb.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Woman's Part

contributor:
Hammond, Antony D.
English

abstract: A study of the boy actor and sexual disguise in Shakespearian comedy.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Curse Upon the Flesh: Hardy's Treatment of Women

contributor:
Rosenblood, B. N.
English

abstract: This study examines the treatment of women in four of Thomas Hardy's major novels : Far From the Madding Crowd, The Return of the Native, Tess of the d'Urbervilles, and Jude the Obscure. The central concept under examination is the pattern of ambivalent attitudes expressed towards Hardy's heroines and the manner in which the narrator deals with the theme of the fear of the sexual woman. As well , the theme of the fear of the sexual woman is examined in conjunction with Hardy's other thematic concerns.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Role of Tanzanian Socialist Doctrine

contributor:
Means, Cordon
Political Science

subject:
Political Science
Political Science

abstract:
The Thesis examines the role of the ideology of socialism, as defined by Julius Nyerere, in the post independent years of Tanzania. Theoretical works will be cited. They list the possible roles an ideology can play. In addition, 'factors' that effect the role of an ideology at a specific time will be considered. The thesis will relate these possible roles to the Tanzanian experience.

In our investigation the concepts of Tanzanian socialism will be articulated. The relationship between social pressures and the formulation of the ideology, and the influence of that ideology on Tanzanian development will also be observed. Drawing from the Tanzanian experience, some broad conclusions will be made concerning the power of an ideology to aid modernization programmes in under-developed nations.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Falicity and Objectification in Thomas Traherne

contributor:
Brink, Andrew
English

abstract: In contradistinction to works which deal with the sources of Traherne's doctrines and those which are psychological studies of the man and his literary output, this thesis will attempt what may be termed an "existential" study of Traherne's work in its historical context.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Labyrinth of Life: George Eliot and the Limits to Freedom

contributor:
Ross, M. L.
English

abstract:
Chapters one to four of this thesis provide background material relevant to George Eliot's thought about the limits to human freedom. In chapter one, Eliot's loss of faith and her relationship to Hennell's position are considered. Chapter two deals with her indebtedness to Feuerbach, and his doctrine of the religious centrality of man . The nature of Eliot's views on ethical obligation is discussed in chapter three. Chapter four ends this section with a consideration of the view of life which pervades Eliot's novels, an essentially deterministic one which nonetheless insists upon the need for responsible moral action.

Chapters five to nine analyze the weight of determining factors in the lives of a number of Eliot's characters. These are: chapters five and six -- Hetty Sorrel and Arthur Donnithorne (Adam Bede) , chapter seven -- Maggie Tulliver (The Millon the Floss), chapter eight -- Mrs. Transome (Felix Holt , the Racical) and chapter nine -- Gwendolen Harleth (Daniel Deronda ) .

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Poetry of Seamus Heaney from 1966-1979

contributor:
Coldwell, Joan
English

abstract: In this thesis I attempt to follow the development of Seamus Heaney's poetry from Death of a Naturalist (1966) to Field Work (1979). Particular attention is given to Heaney's search for a language and a mythology adequate to the Ulster experience in general and his own in particular, and the kind of poetry that can embody it. Emphasis is also placed on Heaney's preoccupation with the role of the poet undertaking such an enterprise.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Milton's Conception of True Liberty

contributor:
Dale, James
English

abstract: John Milton is one of those bold, progressive Seventeenth-Century Englishmen who devotes much of his life to the fight for religious, domestic, and political liberty. A determined champion of intellectual freedom, Milton believes that all men have fundamental right to know the truth, and to use it for a better, freer life. He proclaims the philosophy of Natural Law and social contract as the foundation of an enlightened, liberated society, his ideal commonwealth. However, Milton is essentially a convinced elitist, who reserves full or SUbstantial liberty for a minority too small to achieve and preserve his ideals.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Heroic Monarchs, Divine Poets and the Groves of Eden

contributor:
King, James
English

abstract:
This thesis examines the use of landscape as metaphor in Restoration and eighteenth-century poetry. During this period, the natural scene is merely a manifestation of the character and reign of the sovereign. Many critics have discussed the relationship between monarchy and topography, yet they have been reluctant to explain its place in literary history.

Giambattista Vico was an Italian writer whose book, The New Science (1744), introduces a new system of literary criticism. Vico suggests that the world continually progresses through three ages. The first is the age of gods, the second is the heroic age and the third belongs to men. These ages are distinguishable by their individual philosophies, and by studying the poetry of of Milton, Marvell, Drummond, Denham, Waller, Dryden and Pope, it will become clear that, although Vico had not based his book on this literature, his theories can still be validly applied to it. The New Science, therefore, provides a framework for this paper, and shows that this era marked a return to the age of heroes, where the ruler was a hero, and his poet, a god.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: A Study of W. B. Yeat's Idea of Style

contributor:
John, Brian
English

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Development of V. S. Naipaul as a Writer

contributor:
Dale, J.
English

subject: English Language and Literature

abstract: This thesis explores the themes prevalent in the novels of V. S. Naipaul and examines his development from a regional writer to one with a more universal appeal. In Chapter One an attempt is made to establish a critical background by briefly discussing the ideas revealed in his non-fictional works. Chapter One also discussed the themes of the early novels, The Mystic Masseur, The Suffrage of Elvira and Miguel Street. Chapter Two of this thesis deals with the themes of A House for Mr. Biswas and Mr. Stone and the Knights Companion. These novels are seen as representing a turning point in Naipaul's development as a writer. Chapter Three focuses on The Mimic Men and "A Flag on the Island", and sees these two works as representing a bleaker but more philosophical mood by the author. In A Free State is examined in the final Chapter of this thesis and Naipaul's effectiveness is evaluated.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Continuity and Autobiography in Evelyn Waugh's War Trilogy

contributor:
Roebuck, Graham
English

abstract: This thesis attempts an illustration of Evelyn Waugh's war trilogy as the culmination of characterization, childhood, and militarism are traced throughout the trilogy to reveal a tightly cohesive and unified whole. The manner in which Evelyn Waugh's relationship to his fiction provides his works with unity is also demonstrated. Consequently, this thesis relies heavily upon Waugh's diaries; the raw materials for his trilogy.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Antic Hay: a Study in Post-War Disillusionment

contributor:
Bishop, Alan
English

abstract:
In Antic Hay, Aldous Huxley wanted, as he stated, to depict the "life and opinions" of the post-war generation. The considerable critical and popular response elicited by the newly published novel indicates that Huxley had indeed made a statement which, at the time, was of urgent importance to his contemporaries. Reader reaction varied from virulent condemnation to an uneasy acknowledgement of the author's talents to outright acceptance. Significantly, Antic Hay received its most enthusiastic reception from Huxley's immediate contemporaries -- the young members of the post-war generation for whom the novel had been written.

Whatever it was that attracted or repelled Antic Hay's original readers was a quality inherent in the fiction itself which embodied or reflected a transformation of sensibility taking place at the time. If some readers deplored the surface flippancy and the seemingly irresponsible brutality of the novel, others saw in these same features a fundamental seriousness. Huxley himself maintained that his intention in writing Antic Hay was entirely serious and explained any possible confusion as arising from the novel's incongruous blend of farce and tragedy, fantasy and realism. And, in fact, his conviction that farce could at once mask and yet effectively convey a sense of tragedy constitutes the basic premise of Antic Hay.

Set in the London of the 1920's, Antic Hay partakes of the decade's mood of pessimism and abandoned hedonism. Always behind the reckless gaiety of cabaret scenes and night excursions, behind the mocking cynicism which animates the novel's dialogue, is a profound sense of disillusionment. This disillusionment has originated in the Great War which, concentrated in the figure of Myra Viveash, casts its shadow over the existence of all the novel's characters. The War's influence on the fictional world of Antic Hay is pervasive. Evoked through allusions and fragments of personal memory, it provides the appropriate cultural perspective from which to consider the novel's events. The cynical rejection of past values and beliefs springs from a consciousness of imminent cultural dissolution which has rendered impotent the capacity for positive vision. The hopelessness of such a plight is shown by the desperate attempt to escape a consciousness of spiritual impotence in a continual round of vain distractions. The result is only further disillusionment; the novel's final vision is one of utter pessimism.

In Antic Hay, Huxley pungently depicts and examines the plight of his contemporaries. But his detachment as a commentator is undermined by a curious susceptibility to the vitiating strain of sentimentalism and affectation characteristic of the novel's fictional world. The outward mask of cynicism which emphatically announces the disappointed idealist within is as much a feature of his own attitude as that of his characters. It was Huxley's failure to fully transcend the prevailing mood of his age which must have made Antic Hay's evocation of the post-war ethos so compelling and relevent to its original readers. At the same time, this flawed perspective -- indispensible to Huxley's appeal in the 1920's -- has made Antic Hay somewhat of a "period piece", fascinating as an account of its age, but of limited significance as a work of art.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Dreams: Such Stuff as Literature is Made On A Study of the Idealized Woman in Charles Dickens: Little Dorrit and Great Expectations

contributor:
Roseblood, N.
English

abstract:
The worship of the angelic guardian of the hearth is endemic to Victorian novel writing, but she appears no where so frequently as in the work of Charles Dickens. The idealized woman appears in some form in everyone of his major novels. The first portion of this study attempts to look at idealization as a form of psychic process. It tries to discover what causes it and why it takes the form it does. A brief biographical sketch of Dickens early development seeks to apply what we have discovered of Freudian theory to this author's experience to see if some light can be thrown on the haunting reappearance of the ideal woman in his work.

In Freud's The Interpretation of Dreams he interprets his own now famous dream of Irma's injection. His method is to take each line of the dream and analyze it separately. Such a method would be hopelessly cumbersome in the study of a whole novel, and so it has been our purpose in chapters two and three to take important passages descriptive of the heroine and analyze them line by line. We have shown in this way that idealization always calls forth a counterpart to it in the form of a wholly bad character, sister to the idealized good one. We have been able to show that idealization is a psychic defence which makes ambivalence toward the image of woman rather than the exaltation of her which it appears at first glance.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: "Modes of Education" in Middlemarch: Victorian Feminism and the Characters of Dorothea and Rosamond

contributor:
Ross, Michael
English

abstract: The title of this thesis is taken from a sentence, included in the first edition of Middlemarch, in which Dorothea's mistakes are attributed in part to "modes of education which make a woman's knowledge another name for motley ignorance". The thesis concerns the relationship between the Victorian feminist movement to allow women access to established systems of higher education and George Eliot's characterization of Dorothea Brooke and Rosamond Vincy. Dorothea and Rosamond are discussed with reference to the writings of influential feminists: Mary Wollstonecraft, John Stuart Mill, and Emily Davies. Relevant passages from George Eliot's letters and essays are also considered, as well as comparable characters in other novels by Eliot.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Some Aspects of Style in Wordsworth's The Prelude

contributor:
B., W. J.
English

abstract: The aim of this dissertation is to examine some facets of poetic technique in wordsworth's The Prelude. Because Wordsworth emphasizes the importance of spoken communication In his relationship with Nature, and because that relationship is central to the growth of the poet's mind, the initial focus of the study is on the function of the vocal control as a consciously adopted means of structuring and modulating the monologue in the poem. Wordsworth adopts various voices which are recognizably Miltonic, Shakespearian and Augustan, and these are examined in chapter two. In the third chapter, his use of variations in the voice which are recognizably Wordsworthian is examined. The second area focused upon in the study is the use of particular techniques which substantiate Wordsworth's view that language is "the incarnation of thought" but that there are areas of experience which cannot be reached by language. This view is linked to his conscious use of understatement, his careful use of repetition as a means of probing and clarifying experience and perception, and his control of syntactic and linear structure to demonstrate and to probe the validity of his views on language, expression and experience. These aspects of poetic technique are considered in chapter four. The final chapter attempts to plAce the various aspects of style examined in the dissertation in context, by observing them as they function in one passage.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Hawthorne, James and the "Cluster of Appurtenances": A Comparison of The House of the Seven Gables and The Spoils of Poynton

contributor:
Brasch, J. D.
English

abstract:
The House of the Seven Gables and The Spoils of Poynton are comparable primarily in the manner in which Hawthorne and James focus on 'relationships'. The reader usually perceives characters in their relationships to other characters. Furthermore, through the major device of the house, Hawthorne and James compare characters to their settings, indicating the important effect of each upon the other. In the works under discussion, therefore, James and Hawthorne are strongly tied together by their methods of composition.

Chapter One deals with some of the general theories critics have employed to compare the fiction of Hawthorne and James, and these criticisms are applied to the specific comparison of The House of the Seven Gables and The Spoils of Poynton. In Chapter Two, the relevant comments of Hawthorne on The House of the Seven Gables, and James, both on Hawthorne's work and The Spoils of Poynton, are examined. The two works are directly compared and contrasted in Chapter Three.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Tharmas in The Four Zones

contributor:
Sigman, J. T.
English

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)