title: Bayesian Approaches for Synthesising Evidence in Health Technology Assessment

contributor:
Tarride, Jean-Eric
Health Research Methodology

subject:
health care decision making
cost-effectiveness
informative priors
covariate adjustment
randomised controlled trials
non-randomised studies
Medicine and Health Sciences
Medicine and Health Sciences

abstract:
ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives: Informed health care decision making depends on the available evidence base. Where the available evidence comes from different sources methods are required that can synthesise all of the evidence. The synthesis of different types of evidence poses various methodological challenges. The objective of this thesis is to investigate the use of Bayesian methods for combining evidence on effects from randomised and non-randomised studies and additional evidence from the literature with patient level trial data.

Methods: Using a Bayesian three-level hierarchical model an approach was proposed to combine evidence from randomised and non-randomised studies while adjusting for potential imbalances in patient covariates. The proposed approach was compared to four other Bayesian methods using a case study of endovascular versus open surgical repair for the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms. In order to assess the performance of the proposed approach beyond this single applied example a simulation study was conducted. The simulation study examined a series of Bayesian approaches under a variety of scenarios. The subsequent research focussed on the use of informative prior distributions to integrate additional evidence with patient level data in a Bayesian cost-effectiveness analysis comparing endovascular and open surgical repair in terms of incremental costs and life years gained.

Results and Conclusions: The shift in the estimated odds ratios towards those of the more balanced randomised studies, observed in the case study, suggested that the proposed Bayesian approach was capable of adjusting for imbalances. These results were reinforced in the simulation study. The impact of the informative priors in terms of increasing estimated mean life years in the control group, demonstrated the potential importance of incorporating all available evidence in the context of an economic evaluation. In addressing these issues this research contributes to comprehensive evidence based decision making in health care.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Results on the Computational Complexity of Linear Idempotent Mal'cev Conditions

contributor:
Valeriote, Matt
Mathematics and Statistics

subject:
universal algebra
csp
Algebra
Algebra

abstract: In this thesis we examine the computational complexity of determining the satisfaction of various Mal'cev conditions. First we present a novel classification of linear idempotent Mal'cev conditions based on the form of the equations with which they are represented. Using this classification we present a class of conditions which can be detected in polynomial time when examining idempotent algebras. Next we generalize an existing result of Freese and Valeriote by presenting another class of conditions whose satisfaction is exponential time hard to detect in the general case, and en route we prove that it is equally hard to detect local constant terms. The final new contribution is an extension of a recent result of Maróti to a subclass class of weak Mal'cev conditions, proving that their detection is decidable and providing a rough upperbound for the complexity of the provided algorithm for said detection. We close the thesis by reviewing the current state of knowledge with respect to determining satisfaction of linear idempotent Mal'cev conditions.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: The Geography of Urban Arson in Toronto

contributor:
Yiannakoulias, Nikolaos
Geography and Earth Sciences

subject:
Arson
Heat Aggression
Geography
Criminology
Incendiary Fire
Built Environment
Biological Psychology
Criminology
Demography, Population, and Ecology
Geographic Information Sciences
Human Geography
Other Geography
Urban Studies and Planning
Biological Psychology

abstract: Arson has economic, structural and psychological repercussions. As a crime with such wide- ranging consequences, it has received little academic attention. Our goal in this research is to highlight how arson can be understood from two perspectives: the anthropogenic environment and the physical environment. Study one employs a generalized linear mixed regression model to explore the relationship between street network permeability and the incidence of deliberately- set fire events in the City of Toronto. This research aims to highlight the important influence that navigation of the built environment has on crime, specifically arson, in addition to the social characteristics of place that support criminal behaviour. We hypothesize that neighbourhoods with more permeable (less complex) street networks are more likely to be affected by deliberately-set fire events in the case of Toronto. Also using a multivariate regression model, study two aims to highlight the role of heat aggression on the incidence of fire-setting behaviour in the same study region. We consider fire events occurring between the months of May through September, and particularly those occurring during extended heat-wave conditions. We hypothesize that prolonged episodes of high temperatures will have a positive relationship with arson events. This research highlights that two conceivably different forms of geography (anthropogenic and physical) can impact that same phenomena: criminal fire-setting behaviour.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: COMPARING THE RISK OF THE PRESSURE TUBE-SCWR TO THE CANDU USING PROBABILISTIC RISK ASSESSMENT TOOLS

contributor: Engineering Physics and Nuclear Engineering

subject:
Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA)
SCWR
Safety Analysis
Risk Assessment
Probabilistic Safety Analysis (PSA)
Nuclear Engineering
Nuclear Engineering

abstract:
In the next few decades, the nuclear industry worldwide is expected to launch a set of reactors with advanced reactor designs. Generation-IV (GEN-IV) reactors are to display superior safety by incorporating additional passive safety concepts as well as improving accident management and minimization of consequences. Canada is in the early stages of conceiving its GEN-IV reactor design – the Supercritical Water Reactor (SCWR). The proposed design is based on the existing CANDU configurations and is expected to offer significant advances in thermal efficiency, fuel cycle sustainability, and relative cost of energy. Of particular interest is the reactor's ability to use inherent or passive safety concepts which will translate to the reactor being walk-away safe in an accident.

Steam generators in CANDU remove decay heat by thermosyphoning in a loss of Class-IV power accident. This natural circulation process was a passive feature in GEN-II and GEN-III CANDUs. The SCWR's direct thermodynamic cycle implies steam generators are no longer incorporated into the design. This thesis examines how the SCWR compensates for the removal of a passive safety system element and the difference to the overall safety of the reactor following accidents. These results will be compared to the traditional CANDU's response in accidents to demonstrate the added value of this new reactor in maintaining the goal of no widespread core damage. Comparisons were also made between the SCWR and similar GEN-IV reactors in terms of design and response to various initiating events.

Probabilistic Risk Analysis is used in this thesis to assess the SCWR design options. Although the SCWR is in the pre-conceptual design phase, the results of such risk assessment studies could affect the design, operation, and licensing of this new reactor. Future studies can build on this work to conduct more detailed analyses to characterise the SCWR's safety and reliability.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: Uncertainty Analysis In Lattice Reactor Physics Calculations

contributor:
Novog, David R.
Luxat, John C.
Engineering Physics

subject:
nuclear engineering
reactor physics
uncertainty analysis
covariance
cross-sections
resonance self-shielding
Nuclear Engineering
Nuclear Engineering

abstract: Comprehensive sensitivity and uncertainty analysis has been performed for light-water reactor and heavy-water reactor lattices using three techniques; adjoint-based sensitivity analysis, Monte Carlo sampling, and direct numerical perturbation. The adjoint analysis was performed using a widely accepted, commercially available code, whereas the Monte Carlo sampling and direct numerical perturbation were performed using new codes that were developed as part of this work. Uncertainties associated with fundamental nuclear data accompany evaluated nuclear data libraries in the form of covariance matrices. As nuclear data are important parameters in reactor physics calculations, any associated uncertainty causes a loss of confidence in the calculation results. The quantification of output uncertainties is necessary to adequately establish safety margins of nuclear facilities. In this work, the propagation of uncertainties associated with both physics parameters (e.g. microscopic cross-sections) and lattice model parameters (e.g. material temperature) have been investigated, and the uncertainty of all relevant lattice calculation outputs, including the neutron multiplication constant and few-group, homogenized cross-sections have been quantified. Sensitivity and uncertainty effects arising from the resonance self-shielding of microscopic cross-sections were addressed using a novel set of resonance integral corrections that are derived from perturbations in their infinite-dilution counterparts. It was found that the covariance of the U238 radiative capture cross-section was the dominant contributor to the uncertainties of lattice properties. Also, the uncertainty associated with the prediction of isotope concentrations during burnup is significant, even when uncertainties of fission yields and decay rates were neglected. Such burnup related uncertainties result solely due to the uncertainty of fission and radiative capture rates that arises from physics parameter covariance. The quantified uncertainties of lattice calculation outputs that are described in this work are suitable for use as input uncertainties to subsequent reactor physics calculations, including reactor core analysis employing neutron diffusion theory.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Design & Analysis of Microfluidic Systems for Droplet Generation via Flow Focusing & Electrogeneration

contributor:
Selvaganapathy, P. R.
Ching, C. Y.
Hoare, T.
Mechanical Engineering

subject:
microfluidics
flow focusing
droplet generation
microdroplet
lab on a chip
drop on demand
Applied Mechanics
Electro-Mechanical Systems
Other Chemical Engineering
Other Mechanical Engineering
Applied Mechanics

abstract:
Microdroplets have large and varied areas of application ranging from document printing to complex lab-on-chip devices. Lab-on-chip systems often require precise volume control as well as high throughput operations. Microdroplets fulfill these requirements and have become a staple in these devices. The work presented in this thesis involves the design and characterization of two individual devices capable of droplet generation utilizing flow focusing and electrogeneration methods.

The first design involved the generation of gel microdroplets utilizing the flow focusing technique. This device proved to be robust and reliable producing large volumes of uniformly mixed droplets. Long term operation of this device was analyzed and determined to be a feasible route for the manufacture of large quantities of droplets. The device was operated for over 30 hours creating gel droplets ranging from 40-200 μm in diameter with acceptable polydispersities for use in drug release studies.

The second device involved the design and characterization of a system for the electrogeneration of microdroplets. This novel device involved the injection of droplets via high voltage and high frequency signals into a cross-flow of oil. The droplet generation was characterized and different droplet generation modes were observed. With the careful selection of parameters ideal conditions were obtained to generate monodisperse droplets of sizes ranging from under 5 to over 100 μm in a highly repeatable manner.

To conclude, two separate microfluidic droplet generation devices operating in distinct modes were designed and analyzed. These devices are robust, reliable, and flexible with some applications being tested.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: A Comparison of Cardiovascular Nurses' Similarity Judgments at Two Points in the Novice-Expert Continuum

contributor:
Valaitis, Ruta
Strachan, Patricia
Eva, Kevin
Nursing

subject:
Novice-expert
nursing
cardiovascular
forced choice triad task
Other Nursing
Other Nursing

abstract:
Safe nursing care of patients with cardiovascular disease requires specialized knowledge and skill. However, education for such specialty practice has little empirical basis. Research has suggested that novices perceive primarily surface aspects of a domain while experts perceive primarily its deep principles. Insight into such perceptual differences may help inform future pedagogical strategies. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether or not such differences are found in the domain of cardiovascular nursing.

A forced choice triad task was developed to test the study hypothesis. Each triad trial consisted of a target item and two referent items. Referent items were designed to be similar to target items based on surface features (S) such as patient age or sex, deep features (D) such as the goal of therapy, or both surface and deep features (S/SD). Participants were asked to choose the referent item that they believed was more similar to the target item and to provide a rationale for their choice. The instrument was completed by n=17 nurses in two practice cohorts: a novice/less experienced cohort with less than three years of experience in cardiovascular nursing and an experienced/competent cohort of Nurse Practitioners with at least ten years of experience in the specialty.

Statistically non-significant differences in scores between study cohorts occurred in the hypothesized direction. However, due to the small final sample size, no definitive conclusions could be made based on this study's findings.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: Opera on Radio

subject: Music Music

abstract: This dossier is the product of an internship with the radio station CFMU 93.3 FM (McMaster University) which I completed between September 1995 and March 1996 as part of the program Master of Arts in Music Criticism. CFMU is a campus/community radio station located on the McMaster University campus. The station caters to a wide variety of interest groups and musical tastes, and boasts a unique and diversified schedule of programs, while providing extensive hands-on training for those interested in pursuing a career in broadcasting. Throughout the course of my internship, I was able to produce and present my own weekly radio program, and in the process gained considerable experience in the many facets of the broadcasting medium. Chapter One, The World of Radio, is a discussion of some of the challenges that I faced in the process of learning to become an effective broadcaster, and offers suggestions to anyone interested in creating an original radio program. Chapter Two presents a selection of transcripts from my weekly program entitled Sunday Morning at the Opera, supplemented by my own critical commentary on the effectiveness of each broadcast. Finally, Chapter Three "Critic at the Mike", focuses on some of the issues central to my project, in particular, the effectiveness of opera on radio and the role of radio broadcasting in music criticism.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Winnipeg Symphony Orchestra's New Music Festival 1992-96: A Critical Assessment

contributor:
Fast, Susan
Music Criticism

subject: Music Music

abstract: This thesis is a critical assessment of the Winnipeg Symphony Orchestra's du Maurier Ltd. New Music Festival, which is held annually at the Winnipeg Centennial Concert Hall. This document is a history of the first five years of the week-long Festival. In it, 1 have outlined the origins of the event and the marketing strategies that have made it successful. 1 have also analyzed the programming decisions made by the Festival's architect, Glenn Buhr, and have identified ways in which new music is relevant to Canadians today. 1 examined how the Winnipeg Symphony Orchestra has removed the barriers which often limit communication between the creators and appreciators of music. The emphasis at this Festival is on the interaction among composers, musicians and their audiences. The roles of government and corporate funding are also discussed. Special attention is given to the issues surrounding the debate over sponsorship from tobacco companies in Canada. This is the first document to present an analysis of the Winnipeg New Music Festival. Because of the event's astonishing public success, the Winnipeg Symphony Orchestra's approach has come to be a model for other orchestras across Canada; other organizations want to learn how to draw such large, enthusiastic audiences.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Biosynthesis of Carrageenans in Haploid and Diploid Plants of the Red Alga Chondrus crispus

contributor:
McCandless, E.L.
Biology

subject: Biology Biology

abstract:
Biosynthesis of carrageenans, the sulphated polygalactans which consitute most of the cell wall and intercellular matrix in the marine red alga Chondrus crispus, was studied using in vivo labelling with ³⁵S - sulphate and ¹⁴C - bicarbonate. Pre-cultured wild-type gametophyte showed enhanced sulphate uptake and incorporation characteristic of the rapidly grown T₄ strain. It was found that sulphate uptake was related to growth status of the plants rather than to the life cycle stage (haploid gametophyte or diploid sporophyte) despite the difference in sulphation level of the major carrageenans in these different stages. An apparent Km for sulphate uptake was determined for the T₄ gametophyte.

The sporophyte produces mainly lambda carrageenan (soluble in 0.3M KCl) while the gametophyte produces kappa carrageenan (insoluble in 0.3M KCl) and a 0.3M KCl soluble fraction very unlike lambda carrageenan (47). Lambda carrageenan consists ideally of repeating disaccharide units of 4-linked galactose - 2,6-disulphate and 3-linked galactose (70% sulphated at C2) while kappa carrageenan consists ideally of 4-linked 3,6 anhydrogalactose and 3-linked galactose-4-sulphate (68,70).

The synthesis of lambda carrageenan was more rapid than that of kappa carrageenan. Neither molybdate nor tungstate (other Group VI anions) inhibited sulphate incororation into carrageenans in T₄ gametophyte nor did nitrate. NH₄Cl reduced incorporation into kappa carrageenan while urea inhibited incorporation into the 0.3M KCl soluble fraction in T₄. Plants kept in the dark showed very little incorporation of ¹⁴C - bicarbonate into carrageenan. Galactose and 2,4-D showed little effect on total incorporation of ¹⁴C-bicarbonate but tended to shift the labelling of 0.3M KCl soluble and insoluble fractions.

Pulse-chase experiments showed the precursor of kappa carrageenan to be present in the 0.3M KCl soluble fraction. Subfractionation of this soluble fraction with 3M KCl followed by infrared and immunological analyses of the fraction showed a progression from iota - (4-linked 3,6 anhydrogalactose-2-sulphate and 3-linked galactose-4-sulphate) and/or nu - (4-linked galactose-2,6-disulphate and 3-linked galactose-4-sulphate) like carrageenan to kappa type with the 3M KCl soluble carrageenan being least kappa-like. A pathway for the biosynthesis of kappa carrageeenan was proposed on the basis of radioisotope labelling, infrared, and immunological evidence.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Attitudes linguistiques des jeunes Acadiens du Nord du N.-B.

contributor:
Lepicq, D.
French

subject: French and Francophone Language and Literature

abstract: Ce travail traite des attitudes linguistiques des jeunes Acadiens du Nord du Nouveau-Brunswick. L'intérêt de cette étude réside dans le fait q'aucune enquête de ce genre n'a été réalisée dans cette région. Avant de présenter les résultats, nous avons fait une brève rétrospective des principaux événements historiques ayant servi de cadre aux revendications des Acadiens du Nouveau-Brunswick (églises, écoles, droits linguistiques) puis nous avons décrit la situation politique actuelle. Nous avons ensuite procédé à une comparaison entre le parler de la région à l'étude et le français acadien traditionnel. Cet aperçu historique et linguistique permet de mieux cerner les facteurs qui peuvent influencer les perceptions linguistiques des jeunes langue. L'analyse des données a permis de voir comment les sujets de l'enquête perçoivent les autres variétés de français, et quelle influence l'anglais peut avoir sur leur niveau de sécurité linguistique. Dans la conclusion, nous avons suggéré des mesures pour promouvoir l'usage du français dans la province.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: LA SAGOUINE D'ANTONINE MAILLET: UNE OEUVRE BRECHTIENNE?

contributor: NARDOCCHIO, French

abstract: Ce travail est une comparaison du style et des structures dans les oeuvres de Bertolt Brecht et d'Antonine Maillet afin de montrer les similitudes, en particulier l'importance de la chanson et du style carnavalesque.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Leo-Pol Morin and Papiers de musique: A Critical Introduction and English Translation

contributor:
Hall, Frederick
Music Criticism

subject: Music Music

abstract: Although little known and often overlooked in anglophone music circles, Leo-Pol Morin (1892-1941) was one of the most lucid and penetrating music critics in Canada of our time. His audacious, yet distinctly realistic musical perspectives were disseminated in all regions of Quebec through weekly chronicles in key francophone daily newspapers, including La Patrie, La Presse and Le Canada. An innate critical sense, anchored by a solid knowledge base, unique cultural commitment and literary facility assured success and distinction in his critical endeavour. Morin's principal literary publication, Papiers de musique (Montreal, 1930), represents a selection of texts drawn and revised from nearly three hundred commentaries previously submitted to these newspapers. Notwithstanding the insularity and conservatism of Canadian culture at this time, Papiers is notably defined by its broad repertoire of seldom addressed issues: nationalism in music; Canadian composers (Claude Champagne, Rodolphe Mathieu et al); education; folklore; jazz; and the critic's metier itself. Papiers was recognized by contemporaneous scholars as the first even-handed and well-documented critical account of Canadian music .in the early twentieth century. However, the French Papiers de musique is symptomatic of a special and perennial problem of criticism in Canada: that of linguistic diversity and translation. This thesis thus comprises an English translation of Papiers, with original supporting commentary and notes to guide the reader. Part One, the author's critical introduction to Papiers, investigates pertinent issues of context, primary themes, treatment and style arising from Morin's discourse. Part Two affords an unabridged and faithful transcript of Papiers de musique in the English language: a vehicle through which the singular musical outlook of Leo-Pol Morin may be disclosed to and appreciated by anglophone readers in Canada.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Écritures minoritaires de l'exil: la nouvelle génération franco-ontarienne

contributor:
Crosta, Suzanne
French

abstract: Le Franco-Ontarien, minoritaire dans une province de majorité anglophone, se trouve, en effet, parmi ceux et celles situé(e)s dans les marges, et donc exclu(e) du centre hégémonique. Dès lors, dans l'espoir de s'intégrer dans le canon littéraire, l'écrivain franco-ontarien « de souche », tel que Patrice Desbiens, ne fait que réinscrire la même idéologie hégémonique de white (homophobic) masculinity (selon l'expression de Himani Bannerji) du groupe dominant qui l'a exclu en premier lieu, et, en effet, il exclut à son tour l'immigrant, la femme et l'individu queer. L'oeuvre de Patrice Desbiens, auteur sudburois, nous sert de point de départ dans cette étude comparée qui examine cette problématique d'exil et d'appartenance dans l'écriture minoritaire. Pour ce faire, cette thèse aborde trois écrivains néo-Franco-Ontariens : Aristote Kavungu, Aurélie Resch et nathalie stephens, qui se situent tous à la marge d'une culture déjà marginale par sa situation linguistique. Chacun(e) à leur tour, Kavungu, Resch et stephens abordent la problématique de l'exil, et entreprennent une quête ontologique. Mais contrairement aux écrivains franco-ontariens « de souche» qui cherchent toujours cette existence et cette appartenance, voire le salut même, chez le groupe hégémonique (comme on le verra chez Desbiens), ces « autres» écrivain(e)s franco-ontarien(ne)s, ou du moins Kavungu, Resch et stephens, abandonnent cette perspective patriarcale d'appartenance, donc une appartenance déterminée par la patrie. En fait, ils déconstruisent la notion d'appartenance qui repose sur l'appartenance à une ethnie, à une langue et à un terroir. Et donc chacun(e) à leur tour, Kavungu, Resch et stephens proposent une voie par laquelle on peut atteindre l'autonomie, l'existence et l'appartenance, sans souscrire à l'idéologie dominante patriarcale. De surcroît, chacun(e) d'eux! elles atteignent leurs buts: les trois revendiquent leur autonomie et le privilège ontologique (l'existence).

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: THE COGNITIVE SIGNIFICANCE OF AND WHAT IS SAID BY DEMONSTRATIVE AND INDEXICAL SENTENCES

contributor:
Griffin, N.
Philosophy

subject: Philosophy Philosophy

abstract:
Frege did not develop an analysis of the sense of demonstrative or indexical expressions. It is possible, though, to understand Frege's analysis of thoughts as providing a set of constraints on the sense of all expressions, including demonstratives and indexicals. It will be shown that, for Frege, the sense of a demonstrative/indexical expression "α", must conform with the following four constraints:

(FS 1) The sense of "α" is a mode of presentation of a reference.

(FS 2) The sense of "α" must be a determinant of the cognitive significance of a rational person's understanding of the sentence "α is Φ".

(FS 3) The sense of "α", along with the senses of the other constituent expressions of the sentence "α is Φ", which expresses a thought, must determine a fixed truth value.

(FS 4) The sense of "α" is a determinant of the objective content of what is said by someone uttering "α is Φ" as well as the objective judgeable content of "α is Φ"

In this paper, I will attempt to investigate whether there is anything which demonstratives/indexicals possess which conforms with these constraints.

I will attempt to show that demonstratives/indexicals possess something which may be characterized as modes of presentation of reference, which are determinants of cognitive significance, as well as determinants of fixed truth values. To this end, I will develop an account of the cognitive significance of a rational person's understanding of demonstrative/indexical sentences. I will also attempt to show that a demonstrative/indexical possesses something which may be characterized as a mode of presentation of reference, and which, with qualification, is a determinant of the objective content of what is said by someone uttering a sentence containing the demonstrative/indexical as a constituent expression.

We will see that as a result of my investigation of demonstrative/indexical expressions, we must distinguish four non-identical types of contents which can be possessed by indexical/demonstrative utterances, i.e., cognitive significance, "grasped content", "re-expressible content" and linguistic meaning.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: THE PROWLER DE KRISTJANA GUNNARS: TRADUCTION ET COMMENTAIRE

contributor:
Portelance, Christine
French

abstract: Ce memoire presente la traduction integrale du Prowler de Kristjana Gunnars. Le commentaire qui precede le texte se compose d'une analyse litteraire du roman, d'une reflexion sur la pratique de traduction et de l'expose de quelques problemes particuliers au texte traduit.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: THE ATTIC SCOLIA AND THE ABUSE-LYRICS IN OLD COMEDY

contributor:
Slater, W.J.
Classics

subject: Classics Classics

abstract: The purpose of this thesis is to examine two elements of popular Attic culture as they appear in Old Comedy: the so-called Attic scolia, and the ritualized abuse often associated with cult, which takes the form of the abuse-lyrics so prominent in the iambic scenes. This will be done primarily through a reexamination of an old article by Ernst Wust [Philologus 77 (1921)]. This is necessary in that Wust's arguments seem to have been accepted as valid. It will be shown that, although there are Attic scolia present in Old Comedy (in different forms, e.g. in partial citations and in parody), they are not as pervasive and do not play as formative role in the structure of Old Comedy as Wust asserted. As for the abuse-lyrics, it will be shown that they derive from several traditions of invective: primarily from the cultic aιοxρoλoyιa and the good-natured abuse frequently associated with religious celebrations, especially those peculiar to women, but also from the Iambographers, whose influence is explicitly attested by the comic poets themselves. In addition, in both parts of this thesis the frequent use of forms of folk-poetry, and the significance of this, will be demonstrated.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: NEW MUSIC CONCERTS OF TORONTO: A CRITICAL STUDY

contributor:
Rapoport, Paul
Music Criticism

subject: Music Music

abstract:
New Music Concerts, an organization founded in Toronto in 1971 by Robert Aitken and Norma Beecroft, was created for the purpose of presenting concerts of contemporary art-music. From its first concert, on January 6, 1972, until the end of NMC's 1982-1983 season (the period examined in this study), New Music Concerts has presented 83 programmes on its main concert series in Toronto.

Presenting high-quality concerts of recent and at times artistically controversial works, New Music Concerts achieved national and, to a lesser extent, international importance in the contemporary music world during the 1970's.

In this study an attempt was made to answer the questions: "How did develop throughout its first twelve seasons?", "What programming policies and methods have been used by the directors of NMC?", and "What have been the critical reactions to NMC?" and "What influence has New Music Concerts had on local, national and international levels?"

The main sources of information on New Music Concerts used in this study were articles and reviews in newspapers and other periodicals, the archives of NMC and interviews with Aitken, Beecroft and others.

Among the conclusions of this study are the following: that New Music Concerts evolved from previous concert organizations in the Toronto area, in particular Ten Centuries Concerts and Music Today; that NMC has been consistent in its programming and faithful to its initial programming policies; that NMC has received a very broad range of critical reactions, with reviews in The Globe and Mail on the whole less favourable than those in The Toronto Star; and that NMC has had a limited but powerful influence in the contemporary music world.

A brief closing section to this study contains some proposals as to how New Music Concerts might best continue its activities in the face of the changing public tastes of the 1980's. Following this are appendices which include lists of all composers and compositions programmed by NMC.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: LEONARD BERNSTEIN'S YOUNG PEOPLE'S CONCERTS: A CRITICAL OVERVIEW

contributor:
Deaville, James
Music Criticism

subject: Music Music

abstract:
During his lifetime, Leonard Bernstein (1918-1990) led a varied musical career as conductor, composer, performer and author. He was also a well-known television personality it was largely through his appearances in this mass medium that he became the leading 20th-century icon of American music culture.

The New york Philharmonic Young People's Concerts were perhaps the most successful of Bernstein's television programs, running for 15 seasons on CBS from 1958-1972. In this critically-acclaimed series, Bernstein addressed the nation on a multitude of musical issues, and conducted the New York Philharmonic in performances of various works. Through his personal charisma and natural gifts for teaching and communication, he succeeded in attracting many viewers from the mass television audience, and, as a result, sparked a renewed, large-scale interest in the subject of Classical music.

This thesis is a critical study of Leonard 8ernstein's televised Young People's Concerts from several different perspectives. Chapter One provides the necessary historical background material to the Young People's Concerts and discusses their production, format and general content. Chapter Two assesses the popular and professional reactions to the concerts, including selected commentary from various critics. Bernstein's predecessors in the field of music appreciation and his own approach as an educator are highlighted in Chapter Three, followed by a fourth chapter exploring his positions on certain matters of music philosophy and aesthetics, as suggested in the series. In closing, the findings of the thesis are summarized. Ultimately, it is hoped that the reader will gain some impressions and specific knowledge of Bernstein's Young People's Concerts along with insights into their role in and impact on 20th-century music culture.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: THE TREATMENT OF THE HYLAS MYTH IN APOLLONIUS RHODIUS ARGQNAUTICA 1.1172-1272

contributor:
Murgatroyd, P.
Classics

subject: Classics Classics

abstract:
The earliest extant detailed accounts of the story of Heracles and Hylas date from the Hellenistic Age when it is treated Apollonius 1.1172-1272) and by Theocritus by (Id. 13) . While scholars, have discussed the episode in the Argonautica, no one, to my knowledge, has undertaken to investigate the passage in great detail. Rather Kohnken, for example, attempts to prove that Theocritus' Idyll was written first and that Apollonius' treatment is artistically superior and Lawall is specifically concerned with Apollonius' characterisation of Heracles.

While this thesis does not neglect the relationship of the episode to the Argonautica as a whole, its greater concern is the episode itself: the mythological background to the Hylas myth, ~ 1.1172-1272, how characterisation of the structure, chronology and pace of Apollonius deals with setting, the both Hylas and Heracles, and finally a detailed critical appreciation of the whole passage.

There is no attempt here to determine whether Apollonius or Theocritus wrote first or whose work is superior. Theocritus' account (Id. 13) as well as the later version by Propertius (1.20) are considered briefly at the end.

It is hoped that this analysis will provide a greater understanding and Appreciation of the Hylas myth in Argonautica 1.1172-1272.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Deep-Sea Valley-Fill Sediments: Cap Enragé Formation, Québec

contributor:
Walker, Roger G.
Geology

subject: Geology Geology

abstract:
The Cap Enragé Formation, Cambro-Ordovician in age, is approximately 250 m thick and consists of coarse clastic sediments in association with classical turbidites. Sediments are divided into seven major facies: (1) coarse-grained conglomerate; (2) graded-stratified/cross-stratified fine conglomerate and pebbly sandstone; (3) graded-dispersed fine conglomerate and pebbly sandstone; (4) graded-liquefied fine conglomerate, pebbly sandstone and sandstone; (5) ungraded-cross-stratified fine conglomerate, pebbly sandstone and sandstone; (6) structureless sandstone; and, (7) classical turbidites, mainly sandstone. Rare shale beds also occur.

Facies (7) beds follow the Bouma model and are interpreted as deposits from turbidity currents. Facies (5) beds are due to reworking of previous deposits by dilute flows associated with turbidity currents. Facies (1) to (4) and (6) record a two-stage process: i) grading patterns reflect segregation of clast sizes during main transport phases by turbity currents; and, ii) sedimentary structures and fabrics record transport and deposition from basal dispersions, which developed at the base of turbidity currents.

Facies (1) beds have an a-axis flow-parallel bedding fabric, with a-axis upstream imbrication. Beds were deposited en masse from dispersions, in which there was strong grain interaction and high dispersive pressures. Grading patterns are interpreted in terms of decreasing applied shear stress and concentrations of sediment, as follows:

upgraded → inverse → inverse-to-normal → normal grading.

Coarse-grained Facies (2) beds have the same fabric as the Facies (1) beds and are interpreted as en masse deposits from dispersions, with dominant inertial effects. Stratification in both the coarse-grained Facies (2) and Facies (1) beds reflects pulsating depostition from the basal dispersions.

Finer-grained Facies (2) beds have flow-parallel or bimodal a-axis bedding fabrics, with a-axis upstream or bimodal imbrications. Beds were deposited from waning turbidity currents under high velocity tractional flow conditions. Bimodal bedding fabrics reflect clast reorientation after initial deposition on the bed. Bimodal imbrications record deposition of clasts onto low-relief wave bedforms.

Facies (3), (4) and (6) beds all have a-axis flow-parallel, bimodal or random bedding fabrics. Differences arise in imbrication patterns: Facies (3) have bimodal imbrications; Facies (4) have bimodal or unimodal imbrications; and, Facies (6) have unimodal imbrications. All beds are interpreted as being deposited from basal dispersion, in which viscous effects dominated. Apparent viscous effects were due to high concentrations of sand, such that the coarser clasts responded to the flow as if it were very viscous. Facies (3) and (6) beds may have experienced some syn- or post-depositional deformation into low-relief wave-forms, yielding bimodal imbrications. Facies (4) beds experienced some syn- or early post-depositional liquefaction, producing fluid escape features. Some Facies (4) beds also underwent syn-depositional or early post-depositional deformation similar to Facies (3) and (6) beds.

The overall facies model suggests deposition within three main topographic levels: (i) main channels; (ii) bars within main channel networks; and, (iii) terraces above the main channel networks. Facies (1) beds are main channel deposits. Facies (2),(3) and (4) beds are bar-top deposits or marginal terrace deposits. Facies (6) are high terrace sediments. Facies (7) and shale were deposited on high 'distal' terraces, farthest removed from the main channel networks.

Small scale ( < 1 m - 5 m ) fining/thinning-up sequences record the abandonment of channels; coarsening/thickening-up sequences represent the occupation of channel sites. Large scale (10's - 100 m) sequences reflect interactions between main channel networks and high terrace sites. Transitions from channels to marginal terraces are fining/thinning sequences; sequences from marginal terrace to high terrace are fining/thickening; and, transitions from high terrace to 'distal' high terrace are fining/thinning.

Regional paleocurrent and facies trends within main channel networks suggest that sediments accumulated in a submarine braided valley system. Main channel networks were forced to swing parallel to the continental base-of-slope, perhaps by a small scale, uplifted continental block.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: COGNITIVE REMEDIATION IN PATIENTS WITH MOOD DISORDERS: BEHAVIOURAL AND NEURAL CORRELATES

contributor: Geoffrey Hall, Ph.D.; Michael Kiang, M.D., Ph.D.

subject:
mood disorders
cognitive remediation
neuropsychology
imaging
Psychiatry and Psychology
Psychiatry and Psychology

abstract: This thesis presents research documenting the effectiveness of computer-assisted cognitive remediation for patients with mood disorders. The first chapter provides an overview of cognitive impairment in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD), and a concise review of cognitive remediation in patients with schizophrenia, where the efficacy of these interventions has been reasonably well studied. The results of an analysis comparing neuropsychological test performance in patients with BD, MDD, and healthy controls is presented in Chapter 2, where we show a similar degree of deficit in both patient groups on processing speed, working memory, and mental flexibility tasks, and a greater degree of deficit in patients with BD on delayed recall and verbal fluency tasks. In Chapter 3 we present the results of our primary analysis examining the effectiveness of CACR for patients with BD and MDD; we show significant improvement on neuropsychological tests of working memory and delayed memory following remediation, and positive associations between improvement in neuropsychological test performance, and improvement in subjectively-rated cognitive and psychosocial functioning. Finally, in Chapter 4 we present functional neuroimaging evidence that shows increased activation following cognitive remediation in frontal control regions supporting working memory and in the right hippocampus supporting recollection memory. Although behavioural performance on the corresponding tasks was stable, the observation of increased activation in frontal and medial temporal brain regions following remediation is in line with our finding of improvement on neuropsychological tests of working memory and delayed recall post-training. Taken together, the results presented in this thesis provide convergent behavioural and neural evidence to demonstrate the efficacy of computer-assisted cognitive remediation for patients with mood disorders. These novel findings contribute to a growing body of literature that shows cognitive remediation to be an effective cognitive management strategy across a range of psychiatric and neurological disorders.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Characterization in Apuleius' Cupid and Psyche Episode

contributor:
Murgatroyd, Paul
Jones, Howard
McLean, Daniel
Classics

subject:
Apuleius
characterization
Cupid
Psyche
Metamorphoses
Golden Ass

abstract:
This dissertation is a careful study of characterization in the Cupid and Psyche episode (IV.28 - VI.24) in Apuleius’ Metamorphoses. In general, although the Metamorphoses has been the subject of a good deal of scholarly interest as of late, there has previously been minimal focused examination of characterization in the Cupid and Psyche section. This dissertation therefore represents an important contribution to current scholarship and uses a multi-faceted approach which includes investigation of the characters’ relationships to one another, roles, function, speech, intertextual connections, and questions of genre and authorial technique.

After a brief discussion of preliminaries such as the scope of the study, methodology, and the isolation of the Cupid and Psyche narrative from the rest of the novel, Chapter One examines the minor characters of the episode. The minor characters are defined and then placed into five groups for analysis: the invisible servants, the personifications of the abstract concepts, the floral and faunal characters, the animate object, and the deities. Chapter Two addresses the role of Psyche’s family in the narrative, covering her parents’ small but important contribution and her sisters in their larger role as Psyche’s secondary adversaries. Chapters Three, Four, and Five investigate the characterization of Venus, Cupid, and Psyche respectively. The Conclusion summarizes the larger picture of Apuleius and his approach to characterization and reviews some of his favorite techniques of characterization, as well as his approach to the characterization of females.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Likelihood Inference of Some Cure Rate Models and Applications

contributor:
Balakrishnan, Narayanaswamy
Mathematics and Statistics

subject:
Applied Statistics
Statistical Models
Applied Statistics

abstract: In this thesis, we perform a survival analysis for right-censored data of populations with a cure rate. We consider two cure rate models based on the Geometric distribution and Poisson distribution, which are the special cases of the Conway-Maxwell distribution. The models are based on the assumption that the number of competing causes of the event of interest follows Conway-Maxwell distribution. For various sample sizes, we implement a simulation process to generate samples with a cure rate. Under this setup, we obtain the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) of the model parameters by using the gamlss R package. Using the asymptotic distribution of the MLE as well as the parametric bootstrap method, we discuss the construction of confidence intervals for the model parameters and their performance is then assessed through Monte Carlo simulations.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: Near-surface Microstructure of Cast Aluminum and Magnesium Alloys

contributor: Jeffrey J. Hoyt, Hatem Zurob, Sumanth Shankar

subject:
Directional solidification
Phase-field
Dendrite
Orientation
Aluminum
Magnesium
Condensed Matter Physics
Engineering
Engineering Science and Materials
Materials Science and Engineering
Condensed Matter Physics

abstract:
Crystal growth has been recognized as a paradigm for non-equilibrium pattern formation for decades. Scientific interest in this field has focused on the growth rates and curvature of branches in snow flake-like structures patterned after a solid's crystallographic orientations. Similar patterns have been extensively identified in solidification of metals and organic metal analogues and are known as dendrites, which is originated from a Greek word "dendron" meaning tree.

Dendritic spacing and morphology established during casting often sets the final microstructure and second phase formation that develops during manufacturing of alloys. This is particularly true in emerging technologies such as twin belt casting of aluminum alloys, where a reduced amount of thermomechanical processing reduced the possibility of modifying microstructure from that determined at the time of solidification. Predicting and controlling these microstructure of cast alloys has thus been a driving force behind various studies on solidification of materials.

Mg-based alloys are another class of materials gaining importance due to the high demand for weight reduction in the transportation industry which accordingly reduces the gas consumption. While the solidified microstructure and its effect on the material properties have been the subject of intensive studies, little is known about the fundamental mechanisms that determine dendritic microstructure in Mg alloys and its evolution under directional growth conditions.

This thesis investigates the relationship between the microstructure and cooling conditions in unsteady state upward directional solidification of Al-Cu and Mg-Al alloys. The four-fold symmetry of Al-Cu alloys are used to study the dynamical spacing selection between dendrites, as the growth conditions vary dynamically, whereas, the Mg-Al system with a six-fold symmetry is used to study a competition between neighbouring, misoriented grains and the effect of this as the resulting microstructure. Mg-Al also presents a situation wherein the cooling conditions dynamically vary from the preferred crystallographic growth direction. Analysis of phase field simulations is used to shed some light on the morphological development of dendrite arms during solidification under transient conditions. Our numerical results are compared to new casting experiments.

Chapter three studies spacing selection in directional solidification of Al-Cu alloys under transient growth conditions. New experimental results are presented which reveal that the mean dendritic spacing versus solidification front speed exhibits plateau-like regions separated by regions of rapid change, consistent with previous experiments of Losert and co-workers. In fact, The primary spacing of a dendritic array grown under transient growth conditions displays a distribution of wavelengths. As the rate of change in solidification front velocity is decreased, the evolution of the spacing follows the prediction of the geometrical models within a band of spacing fluctuations. The width of the band is shown to highly depend on the rate of the solidification front velocity acceleration, such that the higher the rate, the wider the band of available spacings. Quantitative phase field simulations of directional solidification with dynamical growth conditions approximating those in the experiments confirm this behavior. The mechanism of this type of change in mean dendrite arm spacing is consistent with the notion that a driven periodically modulated interface must overcome an energy barrier before becoming unstable, in accord with a previous analytical stability analysis of Langer and co-workers.

In chapter four, it is demonstrated both computationally and experimentally that a material's surface tension anisotropy can compete with anisotropies present in processing conditions during solidification to produce a continuous transition from dendritic microstructure morphology to so-called seaweed and fractal-like solidification microstructures. The phase space of such morphologies is characterized and the selection principles of the various morphologies explored are explained. These results have direct relevance to the microstructure and second phase formation in commercial lightweight metal casting.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: FUEL USE AND METABOLIC ADAPTATIONS TO HIGH ALTITUDE IN SMALL MAMMALS

contributor:
MCCLELLAND, GRANT B.
Biology

subject:
exercise
carbohydrates
respirometry
aerobic capacity
aerobic scope
Phyllotis
Comparative and Evolutionary Physiology
Comparative and Evolutionary Physiology

abstract: Knowledge on fuel use and muscle metabolism in high altitude mammals is very limited. Yet, as the oxidation of carbohydrates offers an oxygen-saving advantage over the oxidation of fatty acids (15-30% more energy produced per oxygen used), one possible adaptation to maintain performance at high altitude is to elevate the use of carbohydrates as a fuel source for energy metabolism. To test this hypothesis, I performed intraspecific and interspecific comparisons of whole-body fuel use and muscle metabolism in closely related high (4000-4500 m) and low altitude (100-300 m) native mice (genus Phyllotis), which I collected at different locations in Andean and coastal regions of Peru. My results show a higher proportional use of carbohydrates when oxygen becomes limited in high altitude Phyllotis in comparison to their low altitude counterparts. This phenotype does not seem to result from similar phylogenetic history or from a chronic exposure to hypobaric hypoxia during development or adulthood. Accordingly, this thesis provides the first compelling evidence of enhanced carbohydrate utilization as an adaptation to high altitude, a hypothesis proposed nearly 30 years ago. The mechanisms responsible for this shift in fuel use are unknown. There were no strong indications of a greater capacity for carbohydrate oxidation in skeletal and cardiac muscles of high altitude Phyllotis mice. Finally, as this thesis provides the first report of whole-body fuel use in mice, a comparison with other mammalian species (rats, dogs and goats) revealed that the current model of mammalian fuel selection, which is thought to be conserved among mammals, does not apply to small mammals. I thus revisited the current model and proposed a new one general to all mammals. This thesis thus provides significant advancements not only in the field of high altitude physiology but also in the field of mammalian energetics.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Russell's Philosophical Approach to Logical Analysis

contributor:
Griffin, Nicholas
Arthur, Richard
Gandon, Sébastien
Philosophy

subject:
Russell
logical analysis
logicism
decomposition
History of Philosophy
Logic and foundations of mathematics
History of Philosophy

abstract: In what is supposed to have been a radical break with neo-Hegelian idealism, Bertrand Russell, alongside G.E Moore, advocated the analysis of propositions by their decomposition into constituent concepts and relations. Russell regarded this as a breakthrough for the analysis of the propositions of mathematics. However, it would seem that the decompositional-analytic approach is singularly unhelpful as a technique for the clarification of the concepts of mathematics. The aim of this thesis will be to clarify Russell’s early conception of the analysis of mathematical propositions and concepts in the light of the philosophical doctrines to which his conception of analysis answered, and the demands imposed by existing mathematics on Russell’s logicist program. Chapter 1 is concerned with the conception of analysis which emerged, rather gradually, out of Russell’s break with idealism and with the philosophical commitments thereby entrenched. Chapter 2 is concerned with Russell’s considered treatment of the significance of relations for analysis and the overturning of his “doctrine of internal relations” in his work on Leibniz. Chapter 3 is concerned with Russell’s discovery of Peano and the manner in which it informed the conception of analysis underlying Russell’s articulation of logicism for arithmetic and geometry in PoM. Chapter 4 is concerned with the philosophical and logical differences between Russell’s and Frege’s approaches to logical analysis in the logicist definition of number. Chapter 5 is concerned with connecting Russell’s attempt to secure a theory of denoting, crucial to mathematical definition, to his decompositional conception of the analysis of propositions.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Puvaluqatatiluta, When We Had Tuberculosis: St. Luke's Mission Hospital and the Inuit of the Cumberland Sound Region, 1930–1972

contributor:
D. Ann Herring, PhD
T. Kue Young, MD, PhD
Trudy Nicks, PhD
Anthropology

subject:
Tuberculosis
Cumberland Sound
Eastern Arctic
Anglican Church of Canada
Mountain Sanatorium
Other Anthropology
Other Anthropology

abstract:
This thesis explores the ethnohistory of Church- and State-mediated tuberculosis treatment for Inuit of the Cumberland Sound region from 1930 to 1972. Pangnirtung’s St. Luke’s Mission Hospital sits at the centre of this discussion and at the nexus of archival evidence and regional Inuit knowledge about tuberculosis. Triangulating information gained from fieldwork, archives, and a community-based photograph naming project, this study brings together the perspectives of Inuit hospital workers, nurses, doctors, and patients, as well as of Government and Anglican-Church officials, during the tuberculosis era in the Cumberland Sound.

The study arose from conversations with Inuit in Pangnirtung, who wondered why they were sent to southern sanatoria in the 1950s for tuberculosis treatment, when the local hospital had been providing treatment for decades. Canadian Government policy changes, beginning in the 1940s, changed the way healthcare was delivered in the region. The Pangnirtung Photograph Naming Project linked photos of Inuit patients sent to the Hamilton Mountain Sanatorium to day-book records of St. Luke’s, and culminated in an emotional ceremony in 2009, during which copies of the photographs were returned to survivors or relatives.

Information in hospital day books was used to map the yearly distribution of tubercular Inuit in traditional camps, which were progressively abandoned as Inuit in-migrated to Pangnirtung, in response to increased Government incursions and concerns about Arctic sovereignty. Contrary to the pattern for Canadian Arctic Inuit, more tubercular Inuit were treated locally at St. Luke’s than were sent away for treatment to southern hospitals on board the Government-commissioned medical-patrol ship, CGS CD Howe.

This thesis underlines the importance of linking archival sources to local Inuit knowledge, in a collaborative, community-based research environment. It also speaks to current concerns about the re-emergence of tuberculosis and the importance of developing culturally-appropriate community initiatives to manage infectious diseases in Nunavut.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Local environmental determinants of adolescent body weight in low-socioeconomic status neighbourhoods in Ontario, Canada

contributor:
Susan J. Elliott, PhD
Geography and Earth Sciences

subject: environment and health; adolescent health; neighbourhoods and health; obesity

subject: Human Geography

subject: Human Geography

abstract:
A decade ago the World Health Organization declared obesity to be a ‘global epidemic’. Rapidly climbing rates of excess body weight resulted in Health Canada declaring obesity as one of three major health concerns facing children today. Accordingly, there is a growing body of research examining how 'obesogenic environments' contribute to increasing prevalence. To date, multiple studies have found rates of childhood and adolescent obesity especially high in low-socioeconomic status (SES) neighbourhoods but knowledge about the specific local-level factors that shape body weight is lacking. Thus, this research focuses on examining local environmental determinants of body weight in adolescent populations living in low-socioeconomic status neighbourhoods in two cities in Southern Ontario.

Using a mixed-method, parallel case study design, this study examines the environments in two low-SES neighbourhoods in the cities of Hamilton and Mississauga, Ontario. This study utilizes the ANGELO Framework as an analytic tool to dissect local environments. In the first phase of the study, the political and socio-cultural environments in both cities are investigated through analysis of municipal policy documents, public health websites and key informant interviews. The findings reveal that the cities each held differing health priorities and values that reflected the way they approached obesity. This phase further highlighted the integrated nature of the political and socio-cultural environments and their role in shaping other environments.

The second phase of the study involved qualitative data collection from adolescents living in low-SES neighbourhoods (based on 11 SES neighbourhood measures). Specifically, a community mapping exercise and in-depth interviews with 31 participants were conducted in order to better understand how participants define and use neighbourhood space. The results indicate that there are differences between how urban and suburban residents defined neighbourhoods and that personal factors such as age, mobility and migration status influenced knowledge of the neighbourhood. Additionally, findings suggest that social interaction is a primary factor that influences adolescents use of neighbourhood space.

In the third and final phase of the study, adolescent perceptions of the determinants of body weight were collected using in-depth and go-along interviews. Results of the 31 interviews revealed that adolescents perceive obese bodies as the unhealthy product of individual-level behaviours. Further exploration of environmental determinants revealed that factors in the physical and economic environments were indeed important and were often influenced by the socio-cultural environment. Participants held the view that neighbourhood space was tempting and unhealthy, and required them to self-regulate their behaviour. This research makes significant theoretical, methodological and substantive contributions to the obesity, adolescent health, and neighbourhoods and health literatures. Policy implications and future research directions are also highlighted.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Computational and Geometric Aspects of Linear Optimization

contributor: Frantisek Franek, Bartosz Protas, Tamas Terlaky, Hugh Thomas

subject:
Linear optimization
Hyperplane arrangement
Colourful simplicial depth
Oriented Matroids
Octahedral systems
Average diameter of arrangements
Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorics
Geometry and Topology
Operational Research
Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorics

abstract:
This thesis deals with combinatorial and geometric aspects of linear optimization, and consists of two parts.

In the first part, we address a conjecture formulated in 2008 and stating that the largest possible average diameter of a bounded cell of a simple hyperplane arrangement of n hyperplanes in dimension d is not greater than the dimension d. The average diameter is the sum of the diameters of each bounded cell divided by the total number of bounded cells, and then we consider the largest possible average diameter over all simple hyperplane arrangements. This quantity can be considered as an indication of the average complexity of simplex methods for linear optimization. Previous results in dimensions 2 and 3 suggested that a specific type of extensions, namely the covering extensions, of the cyclic arrangement might achieve the largest average diameter. We introduce a method for enumerating the covering extensions of an arrangement, and show that covering extensions of the cyclic arrangement are not always among the ones achieving the largest diameter.

The software tool we have developed for oriented matroids computation is used to exhibit a counterexample to the hypothesized minimum number of external facets of a simple arrangement of n hyperplanes in dimension d; i.e. facets belonging to exactly one bounded cell of a simple arrangement. We determine the largest possible average diameter, and verify the conjectured upper bound, in dimensions 3 and 4 for arrangements defined by no more than 8 hyperplanes via the associated uniform oriented matroids formulation. In addition, these new results substantiate the hypothesis that the largest average diameter is achieved by an arrangement minimizing the number of external facets.

The second part focuses on the colourful simplicial depth, i.e. the number of colourful simplices in a colourful point configuration. This question is closely related to the colourful linear programming problem. We show that any point in the convex hull of each of (d+1) sets of (d+1) points in general position in Rd is contained in at least (d+1)2/2 simplices with one vertex from each set. This improves the previously established lower bounds for d>=4 due to Barany in 1982, Deza et al in 2006, Barany and Matousek in 2007, and Stephen and Thomas in 2008.

We also introduce the notion of octahedral system as a combinatorial generalization of the set of colourful simplices. Configurations of low colourful simplicial depth correspond to systems with small cardinalities. This construction is used to find lower bounds computationally for the minimum colourful simplicial depth of a configuration, and, for a relaxed version of the colourful depth, to provide a simple proof of minimality.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Improving Process Efficiency Through Applied Process Scheduling and Production Planning Optimization

contributor:
Swartz, Christopher L.E.
Marlin, Tom E.
Chemical Engineering

subject:
Industrial Application
Scheduling
Planning
Optimization
Process Control and Systems
Process Control and Systems

abstract:
The industrial application of production planning and process scheduling optimization is addressed in this thesis. The first part of the thesis addresses the research into process scheduling application. Several scheduling models are developed based on both discrete and continuous time modelling frameworks. Extensions to both frameworks are presented to address unique production policies and maintenance activities. The potential benefits of schedule optimization is determined through several comparative industrial case studies. The weekly production schedules of the actual plant are compared against the schedules generated by optimization. The historical plant performance is ascertained and areas where efficiency gains are possible are highlighted. In addition, the scheduling model is used to investigate potential changes to production policies.

The second part of the thesis addresses the research conducted in production planning application. The main goal of production planning is the efficient generation of a plan that specifies production targets for products over a medium term horizon. Direct application of previously proposed planning models fails to model several unique and key processing features of the production facility. A production planning model is presented that relaxes the detailed scheduling model structure and exploits the use of traveling salesman type constraints to accurately model sequence dependent changeovers. Two case studies are presented to investigate the benefits of optimization in production planning. The first case study investigates the lowest cost planning solution over a three month planning horizon. The second case study investigates the effects of a key production parameter on the optimality of solution. The results highlight the potential benefit of optimization application in increasing plant processing efficiency and reducing unnecessary production downtime.

Finally, a modelling framework is presented that allows for the combined scheduling of production and maintenance. The framework allows for maintenance with various timing requirements and extends the capabilities of current frameworks.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: Sedimentology and stratigraphy of the Curling Group (Humber Arm Supergroup), central western Newfoundland

contributor:
Middleton, Gerard V.
Geology

subject: Geology Geology

abstract:
Central western Newfoundland is mainly underlain by marine deposits ranging in age from Early Cambrian to Middle Ordovician. These deposits can be geographically separated into two parallel belts: on the east a platform sequence, and on the west a basin sequence. The latter constitutes the Curling Group.

The Curling Group comprises two distinct units: a shale unit below (Middle Cambrian-Lower Llanvirnian), consisting a shale, micritic limestone, limestone breccia, chert, and dolomitic siltstone; and a sandstone unit above (Upper Llanvirnian), consisting of medium- and coarse- grained sandstones plus scarce conglomerates.

In the shale unit shales predominate. Black, green, red, and gray shales are present, which may form units by themselves or appear interlaminated. Contrasted with modern deep-sea shales, the shales in the Curling Group are rich in silica and in magnesium; the black shales show a much higher content in organic carbon than the other varieties; many samples are calcareous or dolomitic.

Thinly-bedded micritic limestones are interbedded with shale. The limestone beds are massive or show parallel lamination; bases and tops are flat and sharp. The limestone is rich in organic carbon. Limestone breccias are abundant locally but overall they are a minor lithologic component. Bedded and nodular chert forms two well developed units in the northern half of the region, but only a few beds in the southern half. Yellow-weathering dolomitic silstones are resistriced to the northern half of the region, where they are abundant; they form thin beds or cyclic, coarsening-upwards, units.

The sandstone unit consists of medium-grained to conglomeratic sandstones, interbedded with scarce shale; conglomerates are scares and contain pebbles and cobbles of limestone and chert. According to bedding characteristics, grain-size, and sedimentary structures, the sandstones have been divided into several types. The main mechanism of deposition of the sandstones appears to have been turbidity currents, but with the concurrence of other mass flow mechanisms in the late stages of depostition, or immediately after deposition. The distribution of sandstone types and the geometry of the deposits, suggest the development of several small submarine fans. Nonetheless, it is not clear whether the fans developed wholly at the base of slope, in the manner envisaged by the submarine fan model, or rather as prodelta fans on a platform and shallow basin.

The sandstones are quartzose wackes with less than 10% feldspar and about 40% rock fragments. Paleocurrent measurements show that provenance was from the east, with the possible exception of the sandstones on Woods Island which may have been derived from the west. Petrography and paleocurrents suggest derivation from the metamorphic Fleur de Lys Supergroup, presently exposed east of the Long Range Mountains, with the possible exception of the sandstones on Woods Island.

The Curling Group is currently interpreted as a nappe with roots to the east of the Long Range Mountains, and now lying on the platform sequence. New graptolite ages, petrography, and lithological correlations, presented in this thesis, suggest instead, that the Curling Group is approximately in place relative to the platform sequence, and that is passes laterally (eastwards) to the platform sequence.

An appendix is included giving details about the graptolite collections from the Curling Group secured during work for the present thesis. The collections were studied by Dr. D Skevington, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: In Silico Modelling of Complex Biological Processes with Applications to Allergic Asthma and Cancer

contributor: Medical Sciences (Molecular Virology and Immunology Program)

subject:
Mathematical Modelling
Computational Modelling
Asthma
Cancer
Allergy and Immunology
Disease Modeling
Immune System Diseases
Immunology and Infectious Disease
Medical Biomathematics and Biometrics
Medical Immunology
Non-linear Dynamics
Oncology
Other Computer Sciences
Other Mathematics
Systems Biology
Allergy and Immunology

abstract:
Regardless of their origin or pathology, many, if not all, diseases have long been regarded as complex. Yet, despite the progression in the understanding of complexity and the development of systems biology, the majority of biomedical research has been derived from qualitative principles. In comparison to the ethical, temporal and logistical limitations of human experimentation, in vivo animal models have served to provide a more advantageous means to elucidate the underlying disease mechanisms. However, given the additional limitations presented by such models, in silico models have emerged as an effective complement, and, in some cases, a replacement for in vivo experimentation. The in silico models presented in this thesis were developed using mathematical and computational methods to investigate the evolution of two complex, diverse diseases from a systems biology perspective: allergic asthma and cancer.

We generated two novel in silico models of allergic asthma aimed at clarifying some dynamic aspects of allergic responses. Experimentally, we utilized an in vivo murine model of chronic exposure to the most pervasive aeroallergen worldwide, house dust mite (HDM), for up to 20 weeks, equivalent to at least 20 human years. Using a range of HDM concentrations, experimental data were collected to study local and systemic effects. The first model applied empirical mathematical techniques to establish equations for airway inflammation and HDM-specific immunoglobulins using an iterative approach of experimentation and validation. Using the equations generated, we showed that the model was able to accurately predict and simulate data. The model also demonstrated the non-linear relationship between HDM exposure and both airway inflammation and allergic sensitization and identified system thresholds.

The second model used mechanistic mathematical techniques to investigate the trafficking of eosinophils as they migrated from bone marrow to the blood and, ultimately, to the lungs. Making use of a limited data set, the model determined the effect of individual processes on the system. We identified eosinophil production, survival and death as having the greatest impacts, while migration played a relatively minor role. Furthermore, the model was used to simulate knockout models and the use of antibodies in silico.

In the context of cancer growth and metastasis, we developed a theoretical model demonstrating the spatio-temporal development of a tumour in two-dimensions. The model was encoded to create a computer graphic simulation program, which simulated the effects of various parameters on the size and shape of a tumour. Through simulations, we demonstrated the importance of the diffusion process in cancer growth and metastasis.

Ultimately, we believe the greatest benefit of each in silico model is the ability to provide an understanding of each respective disease recognized as dynamic and formally complex, but predominantly studied in reductionist, static or un-integrated approaches.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (Medical Science)


title: Computing the Kinetic Energy from Electron Distribution Functions

contributor:
Ayers, Paul W.
Randall S. Dumont, Alex D. Bain
Chemistry and Chemical Biology

subject: Kinetic energy functional

subject: Density functional theory (DFT)

subject: von-Weizsacker functional

subject: March-Santamaria functional

subject: Two-point normalization of model density matrix

subject: Pair density functional theory (PDFT)

subject: Physical Chemistry

subject: Physical Chemistry

abstract: ABSTRACT  Approximating the kinetic energy as a functional of the electron density is a daunting, but important, task. For molecules in equilibrium geometries, the kinetic energy is equal in magnitude to the total electronic energy, so achieving the exquisite accuracy in the total energy that is needed for chemical applications requires similar accuracy for the kinetic energy functional. For this reason, most density functional theory (DFT) calculations use the Kohn-Sham method, which provides a good estimate for the kinetic energy. But the computational cost of Kohn-Sham DFT calculations has a direct dependence on the total number of electrons because the Kohn-Sham method is based on the orbital picture, with one orbital per electron. Explicit density functionals, where the kinetic energy is written explicitly in terms of the density, and not in terms of orbitals, are much faster to compute. Unfortunately, the explicit density functionals in the literature had disappointing accuracy. This dissertation introduces several new approaches for orbital-free density functional methods. One can try to include information about the Pauli principle using the exchange hole. In the weighted density approximation (WDA), a model for the exchange hole is used to approximate the one-electron density matrix, which is then used to compute the kinetic energy. This thesis introduces a symmetric, normalized, weighted density approximation using the exchange hole of the uniform electron gas. Though the key results on kinetic energy are not accurate enough, an efficient algorithm is introduced which, with a more sophisticated hole model, might give better results. The effects of electron correlation on the kinetic energy can be modeled by moving beyond the one-electron distribution function (the electron density) to higherorder electron distributions (k-electron DFT). For example, one can model electron correlation directly using the pair electron density. In this thesis, we investigated two different functionals of the pair density, the Weizsäcker functional and the March-Santamaria functional. The Weizsäcker functional badly fails to describe the accurate kinetic energy due to the N-representability problem. The March-Santamaria functional is exact for a single Slater determinant, but fails to adequately model the effects of electron correlation on the kinetic energy. Finally, we established a relation between Fisher information and Weizsäcker kinetic energy functional. This allowed us to propose generalisations of the Weizsäcker kinetic energy density functional. It is hoped that the link between information theory and kinetic energy might provide a new approach to deriving improved kinetic energy functionals.  Keywords: Kinetic energy functional, Density functional theory (DFT), von-Weizsäcker  functional, March-Santamaria functional, Thomas-Fermi model, density matrix, Twopoint normalization, Pair-density functional theory (PDFT).

abstract: Doctor of Science  (PhD)


title: Detecting Radiation Pressure in Waveguides Using Microelectromechanical Resonators

contributor:
Kleiman, Rafael N.
Engineering Physics

subject:
MEMS
Radiation Pressure
Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

abstract:
The phenomenon of radiation pressure has fascinated scientists since it was ﬁrst proposed by Maxwell in the late 19th century. Numerous experiments involving optical forces have been carried out, however the optical force acting on a curved waveguide does not appear to have been previously investigated. An experiment to measure the force acting on a waveguide due to the optical power it contains is proposed here. This experiment takes advantage of the sensitivity of MicroElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS) and the performance of silicon integrated optics in a single hybrid device.

Devices are fabricated from silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafers using conventional micromachining techniques. Anisotropic alkali etches are used to produce smooth vertical side-walls for a mechanical structure and a rib waveguide. An analysis of the electrical systems and measurement techniques is provided. Using these techniques, the resonant operation of the devices is demonstrated by means of capacitive actuation and sensing. The application of this system to the measurement of radiation pressure is discussed.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: INDIRECT AND PHYSICAL AGGRESSION IN CHILDHOOD AND ADOLESCENCE AND OUTCOMES IN EMERGING ADULTHOOD

contributor:
Szatmari, Peter
Boyle, Michael H.
Lipman, Ellen
Health Research Methodology

subject:
Indirect Aggression
Physical Aggression
Adjustment
Trajectories
Structural Equation Modelling
Measurement Invariance
Group-Based Trajectory Modelling
Psychiatry and Psychology
Psychiatry and Psychology

abstract: This dissertation examined several dimensions of the development of physical aggression and indirect aggression in a longitudinal sample of boys and girls. These data are part of the National Longitudinal Study of Children and Youth which evaluated the development of children bi-annually from 1994 to 2010. The data for this thesis come from individuals aged 10 and 11 in Cycle 1 (1994) through to Cycle 5 (2002) when they were 18 and 19. In an attempt to explore trends in the development of aggression, the research is presented as three separate projects that examine the following: (1) measurement of physical and indirect aggression by informant and sex; (2) group-based trajectories of physical and indirect aggression and outcomes of trajectories in emerging adulthood; and (3) association between indirect aggression in adolescence and depression in emerging adulthood when physical aggression is taken into account. This is the first longitudinal study to investigate group-based physical and indirect aggression trajectories in childhood and adolescence and outcomes in emerging adulthood. The contribution of this thesis to the field of epidemiological research on aggression is the importance of considering distinct subgroups within both physical and indirect aggression, and joint trajectory groups of both physical and indirect aggression when exploring developmental trends and outcomes of aggression.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: THE VIRULENCE CHAPERONE NETWORK ASSOCIATED WITH THE SPI-2 ENCODED TYPE THREE SECRETION SYSTEM OF SALMONELLA ENTERICA

contributor:
Coombes, Brian K
Biochemistry

subject: Salmonella

subject: enterica

subject: virulence

subject: chaperone

subject: T3SS

subject: pathogen

subject: effector

subject: SPI-2

subject: Bacteriology

subject: Biochemistry

subject: Molecular Biology

subject: Other Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology

subject: Pathogenic Microbiology

subject: Structural Biology

subject: Bacteriology

abstract: Bacteria employ virulence mechanisms to promote fitness that are generally detrimental to a host organism. The Gram-negative pathogen Salmonella enterica utilizes type three secretion systems (T3SS) to inject proteins termed effectors into the host cell cytoplasm where normal cellular function is modified. The coordinated T3SS assembly, and delivery of effectors to the cytoplasmic face of the T3SS is aided by virulence chaperones. The interaction of effector-chaperone complex with the T3SS occurs via an ATPase protein, where the complex is dissociated and the effector is unfolded, presumably for passage through the T3SS. The virulence chaperone network associated with the Salmonella pathogenicity island two (SPI-2) encoded T3SS has not been fully characterized. Additionally, the T3SS ATPase protein encoded within SPI-2, SsaN, has yet to be examined for functional motifs or a precise role in effector secretion. The contents of this thesis describe the characterization of two novel virulence chaperones, SrcA and SscA, and the T3SS ATPase SsaN. SrcA is a virulence chaperone for the effector substrates SseL and PipB2, and adopts the characteristic horseshoe-like structure common amongst effector chaperones. SscA is a chaperone for the translocon component SseC of the T3SS structure, and both proteins impact the regulation of SPI-2 promoters. The structure of SsaN resembles other T3SS ATPases, although different conformations exist between the structures, potentially highlighting regions with T3SS function. Additionally, an N-terminal domain was found to be dispensable for membrane localization, and residues within the predicted hexamer model impact effector secretion. These results identify novel virulence chaperones essential for T3SS function, and characterize the T3SS ATPase protein encoded within SPI-2. These findings greatly expand our knowledge of the virulence mechanisms utilized by S. enterica.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Iphigenie auf Tauris: A Reaffirmation of "Greek Renaissance" in Goethe's Early Classicism

subject:
Modern Languages
Modern Languages

abstract: From the time of Goethe's writing of Iphigenie auf Tauris, a play based on Euripides' drama Iphigenia in Tauris, critics have been occupied with comparisons of the German 18th century and the ancient Greek works. Schiller, Goethe's contemporary, in a letter to Körner, has called Goethe's version "ungriechisch" and "erstaunlich modern". Since that time critics have taken varying viewpoints concerning the relationship between the two versions. This thesis takes a fresh view of this fascinating relationship by working very closely with the two texts. Certainly Goethe's play, like any great work, is a creation of his own epoch, and as such is modern. However, the author of this thesis demonstrates that many of the changes Goethe has made do not actually depart from the Greek work, but rather represent a development of the ideas already present in the Greek drama. Euripides, a late contributor to 5th century tragedy, was an innovator and Goethe capitalized on some of his innovations. The direction the two plays take does vary, particularly with the decision Goethe's heroine makes to tell Thoas the truth, but in spite of this difference, there is much common ground in the characterization of the figures. This investigation comprises two parts. In the first part the plight of the human will be explored: Orestes' escape from the Furies, his recognition of Iphigenia, the curse on the house of Tantalus and Iphigenia's dilemma. In the second part the author deals with aspects which are considered to lie outside the human sphere: the goddess Diana, the heroic element, Apollo's oracle and the divine. The element of "Greek Renaissance" found in Goethe's early classicism is evident in his exploration of the relationship between humanity and divinity. By tracing the origins of the myth surrounding Iphigenia, the author shows that Goethe's Iphigenie auf Tauris is part of a European literary tradition that finds its roots in the Euripidean drama.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Facets of Practical Music Criticism

contributor:
Rapoport, Paul
Music Criticism

subject: Music Music

abstract: This document contains a collection of articles, reviews, profiles and programme notes written during an internship in music criticism. The diversity of these pieces reflects the varied nature of the terms music critic and music criticism, and the many roles a critic must play in writing for different audiences and numerous venues. The introduction to this portfolio outlines the details of my internship and discusses my perspective and goals as a critic. The sections I - V contain pieces which have been published by The Hamilton Spectator and Opera Canada, as well as two pieces which have been submitted for publication in the Spectator and Current Musicology. Section VI contains programme notes written for the McMaster University Celebrity Series and for Symphony Hamilton.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Gender Politics in the Early Poetry of Alfred, Lord Tennyson

contributor:
Kehler, Grace
English

subject:
English Language and Literature
English Language and Literature

abstract: This study explores representations of gender in the poetry of Alfred Lord Tennyson as they apply to Victorian England. In particular, it addresses the apparent gender transgressions that seem to occur in his presentation of "masculine" women and "feminine" men; these transgressive portrayals seem to defy a society that maintains a binary of gender strictly contrasting women and men through opposing roles and qualities. Several critics have explored Tennyson's use of "masculine" women and "feminine" men in relation to his society. Some of these critics maintain that he still challenges the rigid Victorian norms despite conservative closures, while others argue that he presents two readings simultaneously; while he reinforces conservative gender in his endings, he still leaves the possibility for gender transgression open. Another group of critics, with whom I align myself, maintains that Tennyson ultimately reinforces such conservative gender distinctions. However, while most of these critics contend that Tennyson's reinforcement of gender is either unintentional or only occurs in the latter stages of the poem, I maintain that conservative norms of gender are apparent even when gender transgression seems most evident. Furthermore, while most criticism on Tennyson and gender deals with his later poetry, from The Princess (1847) onwards, my study includes a full chapter on Tennyson's representations of gender as early as ''Mariana'' (1830), and also including ''The Lady of Shalott" (1832) and 'Ulysses" (1842).

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Chemistry of Chromium Sandwich Complexes

contributor:
McGlinchey, M. J.
Chemistry

subject: Chemistry Chemistry

abstract: A series of complexes (C₆H₆)Cr(C₆F₅x), where x = CHO, CH(OH)CH₃, COCH₃ or CO₂Et, have been prepared via the lithium reagent (C₆H₆)Cr(C₆F₅Li). The dilithio derivative (C₆F₄Li₂)Cr(C₆H₆) forms a stable di-ester, but the bis(trimethylsilyl) derivative is very labile. Attempts to synthesise chromarenes with alkenyl substituents are described. The chemistry and air stability of symmetric chromarenes (Ar₂Cr) and the unsymmetric chromarenes of type ArCr(C₆H₆) can be correlated with the sum of the Hammett σⅿ parameters of the substituents. It is proposed that the unsymmetrical chromarenes exhibit an internally compensating stabilization effect analogous to that of the chromium tricarbonyl moiety. This postulate is supported by NMR and polargraphic evidence. Pentafluorochromarenyl diphenyl phosphine has been prepared and its structure determined by X-ray crystallography; its NMR spectra and reaction with [Rh(CO)₂Cl]₂ are also discussed. The cocondensation reaction of nickel vapor and 6,6-dimethylfulvene produces a mixture of 4,4,8,8-tetramethyl-1,4,5,8- (and 1,4,7,8-) tetra-hydro-sym-indacenes, which were identified X-ray crystallographically. Although this dimerization is formally achieveable by a (6+6) cycloaddition, it is believed to proceed via ligand coupling on a nickel template.

abstract: Master of Science (MS)


title: Strength and Stiffness of Composite Beams In Unbraced Frames

contributor:
Robinson, H.
Civil Engineering

subject:
Civil Engineering
Civil Engineering

abstract:
Composite steel-concrete beams often form part of multi-story frames. However, very little information is available on which to base the design of composite beam-to-column connections. As a result, these connections are currently designed on the basis of the connecting steel elements. Most of the information available is limited to continuous composite beams subjected to gravity loads which may be used as a part of braced multi-story frames. Limited information is available on the behaviour of composite beams is unbraced multi-story frames subjected to combined gravity and lateral loads.

The object of this thesis is to study the behaviour of composite beams with ribbed metal deck in an unbraced multi-story frame. Of particular importance in this investigation is the effective slab width which is to be used in evaluating the strength of the composite beam at the connection and the effective slab width which is to be used in evaluating the stiffness of the composite beams in the positive and negative moment regions of an unbraced frame subjected to combined gravity and lateral loads. A combined analytical and experimental investigation was conducted.

A method of analysis has been devloped using a combination of the finite difference and finite elements methods to model the composite steel-concrete beams in the various moment regions. The analytical model was used to study the parameters affecting the effective slab widths, for strength and stiffness, and consequently the behaviour of composite beams in an unbraced frame. Curves showing the variation of the effective slab width for strength and the effective slab width for stiffness with the side ratio (L/b) and the column width to slab width ration (c/b) in the case of complete interaction and a method for evaluating the effective slab width for stiffness for any degree of interaction are presented.

The analytical model was used to study the effective slab widths for composite simple beams subjected to a central point load, and the results were compared with the different code formulae. The results showed that the AIJ formula agrees very well with the analytical results of the effective slab width for strength while the CSA S16.1 formulae provides a good estimate for the effective slab width for stiffness especially for (L/b) greater than 4.

In the experimental program, 10 composite beam-to-column connections were tested under positive moment conditions to stimulate that portion of the composite beam in an unbraced frame between the point of contraflexure and the column face and subjected to positive moment. The test results showed that the strength, stiffness and ductility depend on the (L/b) and (c/b) ratios, steel beam size, slab thickness and the existence of lateral support. The test results showed also that the composite beam-to-column connections possess sufficient rotattion capacity to enable plastic design to be applied to unbraced frams with composite beams.

The test beams were analysed using the analytical model and very good agreement was obtained between the experimental and analytical results.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: The Character and Administration ofGovemor John Wentworth

contributor:
William, Renwick
Music

subject: Music Music

abstract: Compared to the Western world, music critique in China is virgin soil that has been untouched by the rest of world for a long time. People in North America don't know how the Chinese think about or define "music"; what a Chinese musician's critical judgment is and moreover how the Chinese critique music. As in Europe, China does have its own music-critical culture and just needs time to review the past, examine it and then report to the world. This thesis introduces essential aspects of Chinese musical culture and philosophy and provides observations by Chinese contemporary music critics on western classical music. The thesis begins with a brief retrospective of the history of music critique in China, and then discusses the Chinese philosophical ideas as exposed by some prominent music critics throughout a special cultural development period-the Chinese Cultural Revolution, 1966-1976. The final part of this thesis analyzes the articles by contemporary music critics in two major Chinese cities, Beijing and Shanghai during the period 2003 to 2005. In summary, this thesis will present critical and in-depth research revealing the mysteries of music critique in China. If, as a Chinese proverb says: "a journey of a thousand miles starts with a single step", then I hope this thesis represents the first single step towards a better understanding of Chinese music in the west.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: "NOTHINGNESS IN WORDS ENCLOSE": A STUDY OF BECKETT'S WATT

contributor:
Bishop, Alan
English

abstract: Samuel Beckett's novel, Watt. represents one of the most significant attempts of a twentieth-century writer to find an artistic form. that can "express the inexpressible" and "enclose nothingness in words." It is a profoundly philosophical novel, examining the existential crisis of meaning confronting modem man and embodying in its form the chaos that Beckett sees as the ultimate reality. This thesis examines the major philosophical and religious themes that are central to Watt, the relationship between the novel's content and form, and explores some of the parallels between Beckett's worldview and that of Taoist philosophy.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: George Bernard Shaw's Early Musical Criticism: The HOI1lSeY Hornet, 1876-77

contributor:
Walker, Alan
Music

subject: Music Music

abstract: George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950), though primarily recognized today as one of the twentieth century's foremost dramatists, is also known as a music critic. It is only from the late 1880s and early 1890s that his musical criticism is generally remembered. Shaw's first writings, for the Hornsey Hornet, from 1876-77, have remained all but unknown over the past century. Their republication in Dan H. Laurence's Shaw's Music: The Complete Musical Criticism of Bernard Shaw (1981), along with the first publication of many of Shaw's letters from this period, by Stanley Weintraub in Collected Letters 1874-1897 (1986), present much fresh material. I, myself, include in this thesis a number of hitherto unpublished reviews that Bernard Shaw wrote for the Hornsey Hornet, which did not find their way into Dan Lawrence's compendium. Chapter One, Musical Roots: "Dublin 1856-76," deals with George Bernard ("Sonny") Shaw's musical environment in Ireland. The focus, though primarily on his immediate family, deviates slightly to capture the image of the enigmatic John Vandeleur Lee. Without this musical instigator it is doubtful whether any of the Shavian musical jottings would have emerged. The second chapter, ''The Hornet's Sting: London 1876-77," begins with a look at how Bernard Shaw stumbled into musical criticism. A survey of his critical columns from that year provides a rather comprehensive list of his musical beliefs. The topics range from orchestras to soloists to purple prose to composers and arrangers. The third chapter, 'The Vocal Critic and his Demise," shows how Shaw continued with his self-education, with a little help from his friends. Shaw emerged, even in these early writings, as an extremely knowledgeable and capable vocal critic. By the fall of 1877 the complications of being a "ghost" critic caught up to Shaw and London lost, at least for a number of years, one of its most volatile journalists. In Chapter Four, 'The Shavian Musico-Critical Legacy," Shaw's Hornsey Hornet contributions are weighed according to how Shaw viewed them, and how they compare with the efforts of other Victorian critics. As well, some possible reasons for the perpetuation of Shaw's musical criticisms in posterity are investigated. Finally, in the Appendix, information derived from Bernard Shaw's Hornsey Hornet reviews (the date of presentations, the major work reviewed, the performing group and venue, and the artists involved) are assembled in chart form.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: From Novel to Screenplay to Film: The Adaptation of Jane Austen's Sense and Sensibility

contributor:
Aziz, Maqbool
English

abstract: This study of Sense and Sensibility comprising three main sections and a concluding appendix, arises out of the current interest in the adaptation of Jane Austen's novels for the cinema. A comparison of the novel with the final production, a comparison that has as its objective the identification of those areas of convergence and divergence, additions and omissions, becomes possible with the publication of Emma Thompson's screenplay and diary of the film-making process. I concentrate in the introduction on the subject of adaptation, providing a contextual background that shows the sometimes fractious relationship between literary critic, writer and cinematic artist. The following chapter contains a broad biographical and critical background of Austen that establishes the social milieu out of which she wrote. This provides a ground against which to view the screenplay, a comparison which forms the subject of the following section. My ultimate purpose in this, the final chapter, is to reveal the extent to which both director and screen-play writer recognize the novel's subtleties, its inherent social commentary, changing only in order to emphasize and to interpret. The appendix with which I conclude the study consists of some background information pertinent to the film's director, Ang Lee.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: An English Translation of Stefan Andres' "Die Maschine"

contributor:
Dusen, Robert Van
German

subject:
German Language and Literature
German Language and Literature

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)