title: Ruthenium-Tris(Pyrazolyl)methane complexes as potential candidates for cancer chemotherapy agents

contributor:
Spivak, Gregory
Gottardo, Christine

subject:
Antineoplastic agents
Ruthenium compounds
Organoruthenium compounds
organometallic chemistry
Organometallic compounds
Cancer
Chemotherapy
Research

abstract: The MeCN ligands of complex 1 were substitutionally inert, however, under forcing conditions the DMSO ligands of complex 2 were displaced by chelating 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane to produce complex 6. Structural characterization of compounds 1-8 was performed by NMR spectroscopy, and an X-ray diffraction analysis of complex 7 provided additional evidence for the proposed structures.


title: Evolving neuro-fuzzy tools for system classification and prediction

subject:
Neural networks (Computer science)
Fuzzy logic

abstract: "Classification and prediction algorithims have recently become very powerful tools to a wide array of real-world applications. Some real world applications include system condition monitoring, bioinformatics, robotics, predictive control, earthquake prediction, weather forecasting, stock market and traffic pattern prediction, just to name a few. Within this work, several novel approaches, as well as modifications to some existing approaches, are introduced in order to improve the performance of current classification and prediction paradigms. In the first section of this work, a novel weighted recurrent neuro-fuzzy inference system is introduced alongside two existing neural networks. It is found that the novel design outperforms both the existing neural networks in terms of equal-step and sequential-step inputs for time-series forecasting. The second contribution of this work is the development of a novel evolving clustering algorithim for classification and prediction. This particular algorithim starts without any priori knowledge of the distribution of the data set. The novel design is capable of revealing the true cluster configuration in a single pass of the data, estimating the location and variance of each cluster. After a rigorous performance evaluation, it is found that the novel design outperforms many existing clustering approaches including the well-known potential-based evolving Takagi-Sugeno (eTS) clustering scheme. The third and fourth contributions of this work are the development of a second novel clustering technique and a novel hybrid training technique. The clustering technique is a combination of the aforementioned scheme and the potential-based technique. The new training algorithm is a combination of the decoupled-extended Kalman filter (for the backward pass) and the recursive least-sequares estimate (for the forward pass). It is found that the novel clustering technique outperforms many available clustering techniques. Also, the novel training algorithm is proven to outperform most existing training techniques."--Abstract


title: A case study of teachers' experiences with power

subject:
School management and organization
Power (Philosophy)
Teacher (Psychology)

abstract:
The present study was designed to provide information concerning
teachers' experiences with power. Data obtained through surveys, interviews
and observations were used to determine the sources of power that teachers at
an elementary school identified as being significant and to describe their
experiences with power. Previous studies have focused on the experiences of
school administrators and less is known about how teachers view the use of
power. In Fennell's (2001) study, the aim of the principals to empower and
energize their staffs was evident. It has not been determined, however, how
teachers experience power emanating from various sources including the school
administrator. The current study was designed to shed further light on these
issues.
Three major themes emerged from the data of this study. These themes
were types and sources of power, teachers' experiences with power and other
powerful influences.
The findings reflected considerable unanimity concerning the identification
of the types and sources of power that impact upon teachers' performance and
activities. Some of the teachers' experiences produced feelings of power and
autonomy: others resulted in feelings of powerlessness. The latter occurred
when teachers felt coerced into complying with policies and procedures
mandated by their superiors. Accountability and curriculum represented other
powerful influences that have a significant effect on teachers' daily activities.


title: Inference in distributed multiagent reasoning systems in cooperation with artificial neural networks

contributor:
Noroozi, Nasser
Allaire, Francis

subject:
Neural networks (Computer science)
Intelligent agents (Computer software)
Bayesian statistical decision theory

abstract:
This research is motivated by the need to support inference in intelligent decision
support systems offered by multi-agent, distributed intelligent systems involving
uncertainty. Probabilistic reasoning with graphical models, known as Bayesian
networks (BN) or belief networks, has become an active field of research and practice
in artificial intelligence, operations research, and statistics in the last two decades.
At present, a BN is used primarily as a stand-alone system. In case of a large
problem scope, the large network slows down inference process and is difficult to
review or revise. When the problem itself is distributed, domain knowledge and
evidence has to be centralized and unified before a single BN can be created for the
problem.
Alternatively, separate BNs describing related subdomains or different aspects
of the same domain may be created, but it is difficult to combine them for problem
solving, even if the interdependency relations are available. This issue has been
investigated in several works, including most notably Multiply Sectioned BNs (MSBNs)
by Xiang [Xiang93]. MSBNs provide a highly modular and efficient framework
for uncertain reasoning in multi-agent distributed systems.
Inspired by the success of BNs under the centralized and single-agent paradigm,
a MSBN representation formalism under the distributed and multi-agent paradigm
has been developed. This framework allows the distributed representation of uncertain
knowledge on a large and complex environment to be embedded in multiple
cooperative agents and effective, exact, and distributed probabilistic inference.
What a Bayesian network is, how inference can be done in a Bayesian network
under the single-agent paradigm, how multiple agents’ diverse knowledge on
a complex environment can be structured as a set of coherent probabilistic graphical
models, how these models can be transformed into graphical structures that
support message passing, and how message passing can be performed to accomplish
tasks in model compilation and distributed inference are covered in details in this
thesis.


title: An analysis of inter-industry earnings differentials in Canada, 1957, 1962 and 1969

subject: Wages Canada

abstract:
Given that considerable inter-firm and inter-industry wage differentials in fact exist, much empirical work has been undertaken to discover the factors influencing earnings differentials. A majority of these studies have attempted to explain changes in these differentials over time rather than to explain the levels of these differentials
as they existed at points in time.


title: Germination in pea seeds : proteolytic enzyme activity and electron microscopy

subject:
Germination
Pea seeds
Seed physiology

abstract: This study was undertaken with two primary objectives in mind. The first objective was to isolate several pea seed hydrolases present during early seed germination. The second objective was to perform an ultrastructural investigation of protein mobilization in normally senescing and de-shooted cotyledons. It has been demonstrated biochemically that protein mobilization is delayed in de-shooted cotyledons (Guardiola and Sutcliffe 1971; Malek 1987). Peas were chosen for this study due to their large size, availability and the wealth of literature that was available as background. Despite the large amount of study, few pea seed enzymes have been purified to homogeneity. Isolation, characterization and localization of pea seed proteases will be necessary in order to piece together the puzzle of protein mobilization during germination.


title: Life on the edge : the role of habitat selection on vole density near forest boundaries

contributor:
Morris, Douglas
Lee, Peter
Rempel, Robert

subject: Voles Habitat Ontario, Northwestern

subject: Habitat selection

subject: Clethrionomys gapperi Habitat Ontario, Northwestern

abstract:
Theories of density-dependent habitat selection predict pronounced gradients of
population density near habitat edges. Population density in high-quality habitats
should decline toward edges with lower-quality habitats, and population density in
low-quality habitats should increase toward boundaries with higher-quality habitats.
This pattern should be more obvious near abrupt boundaries than near ecotones where
habitats gradually grade one into the other. 1 tested the predictions using the density
of red-backed voles (Clethrionomys gapperi) along eight belt transects crossing edges
between natural and anthropogenic boreal forest habitats in northwestern Ontario.
Transects were classified as having either a gradual (70 m to 90 m ecotone) or abrupt
edge (20m ecotone). Vole density varied consistently between pairs of habitats, but
there was no detectable gradient in density at either abrupt or gradual edges. The
absence of an edge effect may be related to errors in the assessment of habitat quality
by individuals confronted with a matrix of patch types near edges separating similar
habitats. Another possibility is that an, as yet, unidentified agent or process alters the
quality of red-backed vole habitats near boreal-forest edges.


title: Context sensitive neural network by overlapped systems

subject:
Neural networks (Computer science)
Artificial neural network

abstract:
The use of context dependency in neural networks is an important issue in many
cognitive situations. In this report we introduce a novel context dependent neural
network model based on overlapped multi-neural network structures. We present
a detailed study about contextual features and some of its applications in neural
networks. We also present some different strategies for applying overlapping in
neural networks.
The generalization ability of a neural network is mainly influenced by three
factors, the number and performance of the learning data samples, the complexity
of the learning algorithm employed, and the network size. Neural network overlapping
is one of the practical techniques of achieving a better generalization and
recognition rate. This is due to its ability of decreasing the number of free weights
of a neural network and providing less complexity of the neural network function.
For this purpose overlapped neural networks have been used in feed-forward neural
networks (MFNN) , self organizing maps (SOM) and in shared weight neural networks
(SWNN). Overlapped neural networks also have the ability of performing a
function localization over the neural network feature space.
Among the feature space of any problem, three different types of features (from the relevance point of view ) can be distinguished: primary, contextual, and
irrelevant features. Researches in the contextual features are mainly concerned
with two issues. Identifying such contextual features, and managing them. We are
presenting the strategy of identifying these context-sensitive features and five basic
strategies for managing them. We are also presenting a context sensitive model for
overcoming the slow convergence problems, and a context dependent (cd) neuron
model that is considered a generalization of the traditional neuron model.
We introduce a novel approach for problems regardless of sufficiency or accuracy
of their historical observations or lab simulation data. Our approach is based on
imposing a context of problem performance metrics into networks and gaining the
enhancement towards its satisfactory state. We use an overlapped system of back
propagation neural networks for our purpose. A main neural network is responsible
for mapping input and output relation while a regulatory neural network evaluates
the performance metrics satisfaction. We provide special training and testing algorithms
for the overlapped system that guarantees a synchronized solution for both
neural networks. An example of traffic control problem is simulated. The result of
simulation shows a great enhancement of the solution using our approach.


title: The proventriculus of Cicindelidae : systematics and functional morphology

subject:
Tiger beetles anatomy
Beetles anatomy

abstract:
Internal structures of the proventriculus of adult tiger beetles were
examined to determine their function and taxonomic and phylogenetic value.
The overall appearance of the proventriculus suggested an intricate filter
designed to permit the flow of nutrient fluids into the midgut while retaining
particulate food; this corroborates earlier hypotheses of tiger beetle feeding
behaviour. The intricate proventricular structure indicates that regurgitation of
midgut liquids does not occur during regular feeding. S.E.M. and light
microscope observations revealed eight longitudinal internal folds, four minor
and four major plicae, lined with ctenidia. The minor plicae become apodemes
posteriorly and displayed anteriorly directed ctenidia which were shown to vary
among cicindelid subgenera. The ctenidia of the major plicae varied in length
independently of the plical height at both the anterior and posterior regions of
the organ. Slopes which were calculated from these measurements describe the
inner proventricular structure between the anterior and posterior ends of the
proventriculus and were shown to differ among cicindelid subgenera and
species groups. Advanced taxa displayed flatter proventricular slopes. The
proventricular slope data were compared to habitat types of seventeen species.
Among classified species of the maritima group, proventricular slopes reflected
traditional phylogenetic relationships rather than habitat distinctiveness.
Significant differences of proventricular slopes were shown among species
groups having different ancestral habitats. A histological examination of the
foregut of Cicindela tranquebarica Herbst third instar larva revealed that the
proventriculus is absent at this stage. The overall structure of the proventriculus
of the primitive tiger beetle Omus audouini Reiche displayed the close
phylogenetic relationship of this genus with the genus Cicindela although some
variations were noted. By comparison, in adults of the carabid Carabus
nemoralis Muller, "socketed setae" and cuticular ctenidia covered the intima of
this organ. Based on the comparative morphology of the proventriculus,
members of Omus and Cicindela were concluded to demonstrate a phylogenetic
relationship, with Carabus nemoralis more distantly related.


title: The wellbeing of First Nations children: an exploration of indicators and evaluation of a new measure

contributor:
Mushquash, Christopher
Stroink, Mirella
Maranzan, Amanda
McShane, Kelly

subject: Mental health of Aboriginal People in Canada

subject: Wellbeing of Indigenous people

subject: Culture and wellbeing

abstract: The purpose of this project was to create, implement, and evaluate a tool designed to measure the wellbeing of First Nations children in the Robinson Superior Treaty Area. This project followed a community-based participatory research approach and was overseen by a research advisory made up of employees from the partner organization. Interviews were conducted with community members in the Robinson Superior Treaty Area and analyzed to identify indicators of wellbeing for children. This analysis was utilized to generate items for a pilot version of the measure. This pilot version was administered by two mental health intake workers to the parents and caregivers of 91 children who were seen through intake for service at Dilico Anishinabek Family Care, along with the Child and Adolescent Needs and Strengths measure (Lyons et al. 2003). Following piloting, interview with the mental health intake workers, and measure refinement, a principal component analysis was conducted and three factors emerged: General Wellbeing, Traditional Activities, and Social Engagement. This measure represents one of few created and validated for use specifically with a First Nations population and aligns with the literature regarding the importance of engagement in traditional activities and understanding of culture for the wellbeing of Indigenous people.


title: Effect of water salinity on the hydro-mechanical behaviour of light backfill material

subject:
Fills (Earthwork)
Bentonite
Soil mechanics

abstract: A series of one-dimensional compression tests was conducted to examine and compare the hydro-mechanical behaviour of light backfill (LBF) material, composed of 50% bentonite and 50% sand, in the presence of distilled water and 100 g/l CaCl2 and 200 g/l CaCl2 solutions. In addition, the hydro-mechanical parameters of LBF required for compliance modelling of the deep geologic repository (DGR) emplacement room sealing system were determined. The tests were conducted on 50-mm-diameter by 10-mm-thick LBF samples, using standard lever arm consolidation equipment. Several different loading and wetting paths were examined, including allowing the LBF to swell up to 20% vertical strain on distilled water or solution uptake and constraining the LBF from swelling on distilled water or solution uptake.


title: Pollen pool heterogeneity in jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) : a problem for estimating population outcrossing rate?

subject:
Forest genetics
Jack pine
Pollen
Mixed-mating model
Computer simulation

abstract:
Pollen pool heterogeneity, which violates an assumption
of the mixed-mating model, is one of the major problems
facing population geneticists concerned with measuring
plant mating systems. In the present study, isozyme markers
were used to examine pollen pool heterogeneity in two
natural populations of jack pine, Pinus banksiana Lamb.,in
northwestern Ontario, Canada. Population multilocus
estimates of outcrossing rate ranged from 0.829 to 0.952
and differed significantly between populations. Singletree
outcrossing rates were found to be homogeneous among
trees in both populations. Computer simulation studies
shoved that the consanguineous mating pollen pool was a
potentially important component of the pollen pool, capable
of biasing population outcrossing estimates downward. In
contrast, random heterogeneity of the pollen pool was found
to have no effect on population estimates of outcrossing
rates. Pollen pool heterogeneity existed in these two
natural populations. However, it appeared to be random in
nature and therefore did not affect the population
outcrossing estimates.


title: Dielectric studies of rigid and flexible molecules in various media

subject:
Molecular dynamics
Dielectrics

abstract:
This thesis investigates mainly the molecular and
intramolecular relaxation processes of some aromatic and
aliphatic molecules containing rotatable polar groups and
some analogous rigid molecules dispersed in (a) atactic
polystyrene matrices and (b) cis-decalin. Sample preparations
and the dielectric measurements using General
Radio 1615A and 1621 Capacitance bridges with appropriate
temperature controllable cells have been described. The
glass transition temperature (T[subscript g] ) measurements using the
Glass Transition Apparatus have also been described. The
experimental data as a function of frequency at different
temperatures were subject to analysis by a series of computer programs written in APL language. The activation
energy barriers opposing the dielectric relaxation processes
were obtained by the application of the Eyring rate
equation.
Of the spherically shaped rigid polar molecules
examined in cis-decalin, both [beta]- and [alpha]-relaxations are
detected in most of the compounds. Dielectric data for
[alpha]-relaxations are described by the Cole-Davidson skewed
arc function. The AH values of the [beta]-process increase
appropriately with molecular size but are largely independent of the glassy medium. The [beta]-processes
for these systems are attributed to molecular
relaxation which may possibly occur in a "solvent cavity".
Of the aromatic flexible molecules, a variety of
anisoles have been studied in cis-decalin. In the systems
studied methoxy group relaxation except for the para-fluoroanisole.
The barrier to methoxy group rotation is independent
of para-substitution and the choice of solvent...


title: Polymorphic regions of the estrogen receptor, androgen receptor and serotonin transporter genes and their association with mood variability in young women

subject: Estrogen Receptors Psychological aspects

subject: Serotonin Psychological aspects

subject: Androgens Receptors Psychological aspects

abstract:
The present study examined whether genetic polymorphisms on the estrogen receptor,
androgen receptor, and serotonin transporter genes affect mood reactivity or mood
variability in women. A total of 279 women from the university community completed a
screening questionnaire (phase 1) for the study. During phase two, 146 women provided
a buccal swab which was analyzed for Variable Number Tandem Repeat (VNTR)
polymorphisms on the aforementioned genes. They also participated in an anxietyinducing
task. The Positive and Negative Affect Scale Expanded (PANAS-X), the
Pleasantness-Unpleasantness Scale, as well as the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were
completed prior to and following the completion of the mood induction task in order to
assess mood reactivity. Mood variability was assessed in the third phase of the study
where 62 women completed the PANAS and the Pleasantness-Unpleasantness Scale at
eight one-hour intervals over the course of one 24-hour period. It was hypothesized that
women’s mood variability, either during the laboratory mood manipulation or over the 8-
hour period, would differ based on number of repeats of (1) the 17 base pair element
within intron 2 of the Serotonin transporter gene (5-HTT), (2) CAG repeat numbers on
the Androgen Receptor (AR) gene, or (3) number of TA repeats on the Estrogen Receptor
a (ERa) gene. Women’s emotional variability did not differ significantly as a function of
genotype. However, with respect to emotional reactivity, the following trends were
observed: (1) a greater amount of overall mood change and PA change for the
homozygous long group o f the ERa allele, (2) a greater amount of NA change for the
heterozygous group o f the ERa allele, and (3) a greater amount of PA change for the
8/10-9/10 allele group of the 5-HTT gene. Additional predictors of affect are discussed.


title: Measurement of defense against death anxiety : construction and partial validation of an objective instrument

subject:
Death Psychological aspects
Fear of death

abstract:
This study involved the construction and partial validation
of two scales (Ultimate Rescuer, UR and Specialness, SP) that
Yalom (1960) suggests measure the beliefs one utilizes as a
defense against death anxiety. Evidence for how they relate to
cognitive fear of death measures (Threat Index, TI, Templer Death
Anxiety Scale, DAS', and Collett-Lester Fear of Death Scale, CL)
was obtained. One hundred and twenty-nine items considered to
best represent the two beliefs were counterbalanced and administered
to 150 introductory psychology students. Those items with
item-total correlation coefficients with a probability of .001 or
better were retained. Two scales, with 15 items per scale, were
constructed from these items. Each scale was found to have high
internal consistency reliability, (UR, r = .89; SP, r = .82) and
were cross validated on a second similar population (UR, r = 86;
SP, r = .87). Factor analysis resulted in the UR items all
loading on 1 factor, while the SP items loaded on 2 factors.
Construct validation procedures revealed mixed results. The
expected negative correlation between the defense scales and fear
of death measures was only found for the SP Scale and the CL. No
correlation was found for the UR Scale. T-tests for criterion
groups revealed that the UR group had significantly higher UR
scores and significantly lower fear of death scores. No differences
were found for the SP group. In general, the results partrally establish a relationship between the Ultimate Rescuer
and Specialness Scales and conscious fear of death, thus lending
some support to Yalom's (1980) theory of death anxiety,
implication for future research is discussed.


title: Employee health and wellness : it's everyone's business / by Kelly McNabb.

subject:
Employee health promotion Canada
Industrial recreation Canada
Physical fitness Health aspects Canada

abstract:
The Thunder Bay District Health Unit promotes the concept of comprehensive workplace
health promotion to workplaces of varying sizes throughout the district. This project
contains two documents for the employer. The first document provides a review of the
current literature focusing on updated facts and statistics pertaining to the benefits of
promoting physical activity in the workplace and aims to improve an employers’
knowledge and interest in initiating active living at work. The second document is a
sample manual, which aims to assist the employer to implement physical activity
programs and policies within the workplace.


title: Loneliness : an examination of the nonverbal behaviors that accompany self-disclosures in unstructured conversations

subject:
Loneliness
Self-disclosure
Nonverbal communication (Psychology)

abstract:
Loneliness is an interpersonal problem that involves a
lack of intimacy and inappropriate self-disclosure
patterns. Double bind theory predicts that high selfdisclosures
should normally be accompanied by highintimate
nonverbal behaviors. Discrepancy-arousal and
intimacy-equilibrium theories predict that low selfdisclosures
should normally be accompanied by highintimate
nonverbal behaviors. Eighty female
undergraduates, randomly paired into zero-history
dyads, participated in unstructured 15 minute
conversations. After controlling for the intimate
nonverbal behavior of partners, lonelier people
displayed significantly less intimate nonverbal
behavior during low self-disclosures, and tended to
display less intimate nonverbal behavior during high
self-disclosures. However the results supported none
of the above theories because the subjects (both lonely
and nonlonely) did not behave differently during high,
as compared to low, self-disclosures. Nonverbal
intimacy while listening to self-disclosures was not
associated with loneliness. Lonelier subjects liked
their partners significantly less and tended to falsely
perceive themselves as being disliked by their partners, bias
associated suggesting a negative perceptual
with the experience of loneliness.


title: Exploring cooking, culture, and equity in collective cooking spaces: a case study of roots to harvest

contributor:
Levkoe, Charles
Galway, Lindsay
Stroink, Mirella
Maharaj, Joshna

subject: Collective cooking spaces

subject: Community kitchen

subject: Culture and equity in food-based programming

subject: Social gastronomy

abstract:
This thesis explores how non-profit organizations can use Collective Cooking Spaces (CCS) to
support the populations they serve, integrate culture into their programming, and address equity
issues. The research presented here focuses on the opportunities for connection over
disconnection by exploring the possibilities of bringing together cooking, culture, and equity in
organizational programming. The research involves a qualitative case study of Roots to Harvest
(R2H), an organization in Thunder Bay, Ontario, that uses food as a conduit for change within
individuals and communities. A social constructivism research framework has been applied to
understand the individual and collective learning within CCS. Five program participants and
four program facilitators of R2H’s CCS were interviewed, from which thematic analysis of the
data was carried out. This analysis shows that R2H has built its foundation on belonging and
connection; R2H uses a strength-based approach to building skills and self-esteem in CCS
participants. The research shows that culture was well incorporated into the CCS programming,
with culturally tailored programs available. Participants were encouraged to share their
knowledge and experiences with their CCS groups. R2H is looking at ways to incorporate
teaching and actionable items concerning social issues within the CCS. Currently, the
organization attempts to mitigate the impacts of social determinants of health and inequities on
CCS participants through various methods of making CCS programs more accessible. These
findings can prove helpful to R2H and other organizations doing similar food work wishing to
include equity programming into their mandates and can contribute to scholarly literature and
broader conversations of CCS evolvement.


title: Predictive and explanatory assessments of traffic-related pedestrian injuries

contributor:
Pernia, Juan
Bedard, Michel

subject:
Road safety forecasting
Pedestrian injury
Traffic-related injury
Pedestrian deaths
Pedestrian safety

abstract: Pedestrians are an integral part of the modern transportation system but are often considered as the most vulnerable to severe traffic-related injury when compared to other road users. Between 1975 and 2009, annual pedestrian fatality counts in the United States have been decreasing steadily. However, after 2009, these counts have been increasing. Given that both the national demographic profile of the United States population and the physical makeup of transportation infrastructure show signs of aging, it is essential to understand how these affect pedestrian safety moving forward into future decades. This two-part thesis examines pedestrian safety trends from both of these perspectives. In the first part of this thesis, pedestrian fatality trends between 1975-2015, stratified by pedestrian age and sex, were analyzed and forecasted to the year 2035. Pedestrian fatality and exposure data were extracted from the NHTSA FARS and NHTS databases, respectively. Results showed that exposure-adjusted pedestrian fatality trends were consistently higher than observed pedestrian fatality counts across all ages and sexes, suggesting that interventions to reduce pedestrian fatalities have had a positive effect. Our fatality projection models indicated that traffic-related pedestrian deaths among children may continue to decrease, while pedestrian fatalities among adults aged 55 and older may increase significantly, which suggests that this cohort is at elevated risk. The second part of this thesis aimed at identifying factors that are significant in severe pedestrian injuries. Pedestrian injury data from the NHTSA GES database between 2011-2015 were examined. Odds ratios (ORs) of factors at the pedestrian, driver, crash, vehicle, environment and roadway levels were calculated. Results indicate that crashes at midblock had lower odds of fatal or serious pedestrian injury (OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.74 – 0.84) when compared to crashes at intersections with three or four approaches. Undivided roads (OR = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.23 – 0.27) and roads with painted medians (OR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.35 – 0.40) had protective effects against severe pedestrian injuries compared to roads with physical medians. Compared with locations with signalization, unsignalized locations with signage (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.44 – 1.71) or without signage (OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.27 – 1.45) were associated with higher odds of severe pedestrian injuries. Other factors such as light conditions and road surface conditions were also found to be significant in affecting the odds of a severe pedestrian injury. The findings presented in the two parts of this thesis provide further insight into the relationship between traffic-related pedestrian injury, human factors and the built environment. Further quantitative research is recommended to expand our understanding of pedestrian injury causality.


title: Reporting and investigating adverse events following immunization campaigns in Afghanistan : creating a tool for follow up

subject:
Immunization Afghanistan
Immunization Complications Afghanistan
Immunization adverse effects

abstract:
The purpose of this project was to assist the Afghanistan Ministry of Public  Health (MOPH, 2002)
in developing guidelines for a tool to conduct follow-up investigations of AEFis. Mass immunization
campaigns are currently the main venue for eradication (polio), elimination (measles), and
prevention (tetanus) efforts for children and women in Afghanistan. If AEFis are not followed up
carefully and promptly, serious AEFis can erode public confidence in vaccines and contribute to
poor  immunization
coverage.

Background:

In the past 35 years, childhood immunizations have become one of the most efficient and cost
effective public health preventative measures in both developed and developing countries. As a
result, millions of children have been saved from crippling and fatal consequences from vaccine
preventable diseases (Hadler, Cochi, Bilous, & Cutts, 2004). In fact, with the exception of safe
water, no other intervention, not even antibiotics, has had such a major effect on mortality
reduction and population growth (Plotkin, & Plotkin, 2004). Vaccines have not only assisted with
disease prevention and control such as measles elimination programs but disease eradication, with
smallpox eradication in 1980 and the prediction of eminent eradication of polio by 2006  (World
Health Organization [WHO], 2004).


title: Closing the northern gap: care provider perspectives on the suitability of an eHealth app for maternal mental health in Northwestern Ontario

contributor:
Moller, Helle
Chisholm, Jennifer
Kristman, Vicki

subject: Maternal mental health

subject: Maternal anxiety and depression

subject: E-healthcare

subject: Mood disorders

subject: Disparities in health care (Northwestern Ontario)

subject: Postpartum health

subject: Northern Ontario healthcare

abstract:
Maternal depression affects up to 25% of women during the perinatal period; however,
less than 10% of these women go on to receive adequate mental healthcare (Andersson et al.,
2004; Bailey, 2001; Cox, Sowa, Meltzer-Brody, & Gaynes, 2016; De Tychey et al., 2005; Gavin et
al., 2005; Hostetter & Newport, 2005). Women living in Northwestern Ontario (NWO) face a
number of unique barriers that further restrict their access to maternal mental health supports.
Technological advances in eHealth interfaces may represent novel solutions for overcoming
these obstacles. The HOPE app is an e-screening, e-referral, and e-therapy tool with a single,
virtual point of access that has been designed to screen, diagnose, monitor, and treat mood and
anxiety disorders in pregnant and postpartum women. The primary objective of this qualitative
study was to understand maternal care and social service providers’ perspectives on potential
barriers and facilitators to using the HOPE app in NWO. The providers were asked to share
their perspectives on the following three research questions: (1) What barriers or facilitators
currently exist in the delivery of, access to, and use of existing maternal care services and
supports in NWO? (2) What barriers or facilitators exist in the delivery of, access to, and use of
the HOPE app in NWO? (3) What changes could be made to the current HOPE app in order to
facilitate an improved fit to the specific needs of care providers and women (as perceived by
care providers) living in NWO? Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with ten
service providers representing various maternal care disciplines in Thunder Bay and Kenora.
Five major themes and twenty-one sub-themes were identified and analyzed using an
Interpretive Description approach. Notably, the participants acknowledged twenty distinct
obstacles to maternal care in Northern communities which could be organized under the
following four subsets: individual-level factors, social determinants of health, ecological
determinants of health, and structural barriers. Prominent obstacles to maternal care included –
among others – the lack of specific maternal mental health services, limited transportation
options, diminished internet access, and the shortage of primary care providers. Overall, the
social service and care providers viewed the HOPE app as a helpful tool for improving maternal care delivery and access, with six strong stipulations: (1) the content and images must
be modified to suit women in NWO; (2) the resource lists must be localized; (3) the content
must be culturally expanded in consultation with the communities of interest; (4) the high-risk
referral protocol must be re-evaluated for safety; (5) coaches must reside in NWO and should be
representative of demographics if at all possible; and (6) coaches must be reachable by
telephone, email, text message, and wifi-based chat. The principal concerns for using the app in
NWO was the reliability of internet connectivity in smaller rural and remote communities.
When asked if they would feel comfortable referring women to the HOPE platform, the
response from service providers was overwhelmingly positive. These findings suggest that the
HOPE app may represent a beneficial addition to the services currently offered in NWO,
particularly after region-specific modifications have been made. The providers suggested that
addendums to the app should focus on expanding its visuals and content to better represent the
diverse populations of women living in the North. Following revision, further research should
include direct input from women using this service.


title: Identification of wetlands on the Canadian boreal plain and their contributions to stream water chemistry

contributor:
Prepas, Ellie
Smith, Daniel W.
Germida, James J.

subject:
Alberta Wetland Inventory
Wetland identification
Forest management

abstract:
The Alberta Wetland Inventory (AWI), which is used in a variety of applications
across the province to estimate wetland cover from aerial photographs, detected only
34% of confirmed wetland field plots in boreal forest watersheds in the Swan Hills of
Alberta. Given the association between wetland cover and runoff and surface water
chemistry in western Canadian boreal forest (Boreal Plain) watersheds, accurate
quantification of wetland cover is critical to efforts to model hydrologic processes and
water quality. Therefore, as a component of the Forest Watershed and Riparian
Disturbance (FORWARD) Project, the Wetland Inventory and Identification Tool (WIIT)
was developed and successfully detected 81% of the wetland field plots. Application of
both models across a variety of landscapes in the boreal forest of Alberta demonstrated
that wetland cover estimates were 1.5 times higher with the new WIIT model than with
the AWI. Also, the WIIT identified polygons that were both smaller and contained taller
trees than those identified by the AWI, indicating that this computer model may be more
effective than wetland identification methods that use only aerial photography. Results
of this study show that careful interpretation of aerial photography at the 1:15 000 scale,
coupled with ground truthing and computer models, can provide an accurate means of
identifying wetlands on Boreal Plain landscapes.
A preliminary annual (November through October water year) water and
phosphorus (P) budget was also constructed for a 3-ha peatland in the Swan Hills, to
quantify some aspects of peatland water and P cycling. Understanding the relationship
between wetlands, and water and nutrient (P) inputs and outputs from watersheds is
central to models being developed for stream water quality and quantity. The study
wetland in the FORWARD Willow watershed retained 27% of the water collected
through rainfall and runoff, and evapotranspiration represented the dominant route for
water loss from the wetland, constituting 63% of rainfall inputs. The wetland retained
(within soils, vegetation and microbial pools) approximately 77% of P entering the
wetland via wet and dry atmospheric deposition and runoff.


title: Personality characteristics of adults with nonverbal learning disability subtypes

subject: Mathematical ability Psychological aspects

subject: Learning disabilities

subject: Learning disabled

abstract:
The present study examined whether individuals with poor math ability possess more
atypical personality characteristics than individuals with average or good math abilities.
Individuals with nonverbal learning disability syndrome (NLD) have been found to have
difficulties with mechanical arithmetic and psychosocial functioning, and it was hypothesized
that the individuals in the poor math group in this study would be analogous to individuals with
NLD with respect to psychosocial functioning. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality
Inventory - 2 (MMPI-2) was used to assess the personality characteristics o f 48 undergraduate
university students (31 females and 17 males), assessed as having poor, average and good math
ability based on their performance on the Wide Range Achievement Test - 3 (WRAT-3). The
hypothesis that the individuals with poor math abilities would resemble individuals with NLD in
their social-emotional deficits was not upheld, as the individuals in the poor math group did not
display any more significant elevations on the Clinical nor Content Scales of the MMPI-2 than
did the individuals in the other math ability groups. These findings suggest that the deficits of
NLD do not run along a continuum of mathematical ability, and that the poor math group in this
study was not simply displaying attenuated forms of the deficits seen in NLD individuals.


title: Restoring falsifiability to high school physics education

contributor:
Chambers, Joan
Kerr, Don

subject:
Science teaching
Science education
Science teacher education

abstract:
The idea that scientific theories and conclusions are provisionally true is essential for students to
understand. There are limitations as to what passes for science and epistemological limitations to
scientific knowledge. These limitations of science cannot be taught in one lesson but must be
infused within science teaching practice.
This portfolio is a coaching document. It highlights areas where this important aspect of the
nature of science (NOS) can be included within regular teaching activities. The participating
demonstrations (PD) are guides to help teachers develop their class materials. The idea of the
exemplar or teacher prompt is a second opportunity for teachers, both new and seasoned, to
develop their understanding of NOS. After which, it is easier to impart that understanding to
students in their classroom.


title: Effects of selected biotic and abiotic factors on growth and survival of young crayfish, Orconectes virilis (Hagen)

subject:
Orconectes virilis
Crayfish

abstract:
The growth and survival of Orconectes virilis young was
studied in 50 x 50 x 50 cm lake enclosures during the summer
seasons of 1986 and 1987. The effects of density (12/m2, 40/m2,
160/m2), substrate (mud, sand, no-substrate control), cover type
(leaf-litter, muskgrass, plastic plant, no-cover control),
treatment (control, food, fertilizer, 30 and 100 cm depth, and
presence of adult crayfish were investigated.
When first placed in the enclosures, the young crayfish were
4,0 - 4.5 mm in carapace length (tip of the rostrum to the
posteriomedia1 edge of the carapace). Experiments lasted two
weeks, after which the surviving crayfish were counted and
measured. In 1987, crayfish were returned to their cages after
being measured, to permit sex determination at the end of the
summer season and to provide further information on growth and
survival.
Survival of crayfish was relatively high (75 - 100 %). It
was reduced by the presence of adults (50 %) and was extremely
low in cages lacking substrate and cover (6 - 15 %). It was not
significantly influenced by any of the other factor combinations.
Mean carapace length after the two weeks experimental period
ranged from 4.9 to 8.8 mm. Growth was poorest in cages lacking
substrate and cover (4.9 - 6.4 mm) and in cages containing adult
males (6.8 mm). Growth was inversely related to density, even
though no difference existed between the low and the very low
density after the first two weeks. Growth was also enhanced by cover and a mud substrate. At the end of the summer season
crayfish size was distinctly different at all three densities
(16.1, 12.2 and 11.0 mm carapace length, respectively). Crayfish
were also significantly larger in the fertilized cages (10.8 and
12.7 mm carapace length, respectively). Differences in growth
are ascribed to food availability and feeding opportunity.
Sex ratio of crayfish that survived until the end of the
summer, was 1 1 .
Mortality of juvenile crayfish studied in Powell's lakes is
mainly ascribed to intraspecific competition, moulting and oxygen
deficiency. The extent of intraspecific competition is related
to the size and quality of the nursery habitat.


title: Amphibian species richness and distribution in northwestern Ontario : the importance of hydroperiod

subject: Amphibians (Habitat, Northwestern Ontario)

subject: Amphibian population

subject: Wetland habitats

subject: Amphibian species distribution

abstract:
The preservation of biodiversity has become a fundamental ecological
goal in recent years. If we wish to prevent or reverse worldwide amphibian
declines it is imperative that we understand patterns of abundance and
distribution and the causal factors. Virtually every aspect of the amphibian life
cycle depends on water, and therefore wetland hydroperiod plays an important
part in amphibian species richness and the distribution of individual species,
particulary since two major perceived stresses on amphibians are desiccation
stress and predation by fish. I used repeated surveys (breeding call and visual
surveys) to investigate amphibian species richness and incidence of 93 wetlands
(31 each of permanent, semi-permanent and temporary) in Northwestern Ontario
in relation to hydroperiod and a number of other wetland characteristics.
Amphibian species richness and incidence differed among hydroperiod
categories. Species richness peaked in semi-permanent wetlands and was
higher in permanent than temporary wetlands, despite presence of predatory
fish. Some species, even those considered ‘temporary’ occurred equally among
all wetland types while others were more likely to be found in one or two
hydroperiod categories. Species that I found to be rare in the study region may
be affected negatively by the amount of roads on the landscape. Salamanders
appeared very susceptible to alterations of the landscape. Percent forest cover
does not appear to be a factor in determining patterns of species richness or
distribution, as it is in other areas. There may be a minimum 'threshold' of forest
cover, below which amphibian species decline rapidly, that has not yet been reached in my study region. Permanent bodies of water offer suitable amphibian
habitat, despite potential predation by fish. Amphibian species richness was
equal among lakes with or without predatory fish present. The availability of
refuge habitat significantly increased amphibian species richness in lakes. I
suggest that lakes should not be overlooked as amphibian habitat and as
conservation areas. Lakes are suitable habitat for wetland-dependent organisms
like amphibians, and being permanent, are available for use even during times of
drought when other less permanent wetlands are not.


title: Human-crocodile conflict in Timor-Leste: attack characteristics and management implications

subject:
Human-crocodile conflict
Saltwater crocodile
Tara Bandu
Timor-Leste
Traditional knowledge
Translocation

abstract:
Timor-Leste is a relatively new developing nation, having gained its
independence from Indonesia in 2002. The people of this country have a traditional
belief system in which the saltwater crocodile, Crocodylus porosus, forms the basis of
their creation myth and thus holds great cultural value. As the populations of both
humans and crocodiles on the island grow, there have been increasing occurrences of
human-crocodile conflict (HCC) throughout the country. Due to the unique situation in
Timor-Leste, normal management practices for HCC are not directly applicable. As a
result, this country requires specific considerations for dealing with this problem while
remaining sensitive to cultural values. This paper aims to discuss characteristics of
human-crocodile conflict in Timor-Leste and recommend strategies for management.
Conflict records from 2007-2021 were collected from the online database, CrocBITE,
and attack characteristics and locations were analysed. Areas of concern due to high
conflict rates are Tutuala and Lake Ira Lalaro of Lautem municipality, Suai of Cova
Lima municipality, and Viqueque of Viqueque municipality. Attack hotspots followed
core crocodile habitat distribution. Analysis of conflict characteristics determined that
males (84%), subsistence fishers (73%) and youth below the age of 20 (43%) were the
people most at risk of attack, with most conflicts (70%) resulting in a fatality. Age,
activity, and water body had many cases in which these characteristics were unknown,
with 32, 23, and 16 respectively. Most incidents occurred at ocean or beaches (32%),
although incidents in rivers (23%) and lakes or ponds (23%) were common. Incidents
peaked in the months of October to April, the warmer and wetter months, in accordance
with crocodile activity levels. Crocodile size information was unavailable for most
cases. Using information analysed here and existing literature, recommendations to help
solve this problem were made, such as the use of traditional knowledge and education,
establishment of economic incentives, genetic and migration pattern studies, and the
integration of the traditional management system, Tara Bandu.


title: The inference problem in multilevel secure databases

subject:
Inference (Statistical databases)
Database security

abstract:
Conventional access control models, such as role-based access control, protect sensitive
data from unauthorized disclosure via direct accesses, however, they fail to prevent
unauthorized disclosure happening through indirect accesses. Indirect data disclosure
via inference channels occurs when sensitive information can be inferred from nonsensitive
data and metadata, which is also known as “the inference problem”. This
problem has draw n much attention from researcher in the database community due to
its great compromise of data security. It has been studied under four settings according
to where it occurs. They are statistical databases, multilevel secure databases,
data mining, and web-based applications.
This thesis investigates previous efforts dedicated to inference problems in multilevel
secure databases, and presents the latest findings of our research on this problem.
Our contribution includes two methods. One is a dynamic control over this problem,
which designs a set of accessing key distribution schemes to remove inference after
all inference channels in the database has been identified. The other combines rough
sets and entropies to form a computational solution to detect and remove inferences,
which for the first time provides an integrated solution to the inference problem.
Comparison with previous work has also been done, and we have proved both of
them are effective and easy to implement.
Since the inference problem is described as a problem of detecting and removing
inference channels, this thesis contains two main parts: inference detecting techniques
and inference removing techniques. In both two aspects, some techniques are selectively
but extensively examined.


title: Reel history : film production at the Lakehead, 1911-1931

subject: Amateur films (Ontario, Thunder Bay history)

subject: Motion picture industry (Canada, History)

subject: Silent films (Ontario, Thunder Bay history)

abstract:
During the early twentieth century the former cities of Fort William and Port Arthur were
home to a burgeoning film industry both regional and foreign in nature. Between 1911
and 1931 the twin cities enjoyed a romance with the North American motion picture film
industry and produced several historically significant films. Filmmakers at the Lakehead
created one of the first films documenting street life in a Canadian city, a series of
amateur feature length films, including the first made in Canada, two Hollywood feature
films; and was home to both Robert Flaherty, one of the most important documentary
filmmakers in history, and Dorothea Mitchell, the first independent woman filmmaker in
Canadian history. The films produced in and about the Lakehead region serve as visual
records of the social and cultural development in Northwestern Ontario during the first
decades of the twentieth-century. Using the existing literature on early film production in
Canada and numerous archival sources, this thesis is an examination of these films and
the motives of the individuals and organizations responsible for their creation.


title: Coping strategies used by cancer patients in anticipation of Cancer Centre follow-up appointments

subject:
Cancer Patients Ontario Thunder Bay
Cancer Psychological aspects
Adjustment (Psychology)

abstract:
Sixty cancer patients who had completed their course of
treatment were contacted prior to a scheduled follow-up
appointment at the Thunder Bay Regional Cancer Centre.
Subjects completed four questionnaires (Daily Stress
Inventory, Ways of Coping, Desirability of Control,
Multidimensional Health Locus of Control), two brief
scales (Hope and Dread), and were interviewed
individually on the day of the follow-up appointment.
The structured interview included questions concerning
appointment-induced stress, individual coping
strategies, personal beliefs concerning health,
existing support systems, and opinions regarding the
Cancer Centre. Follow-up visits may be very stressful
life events for cancer patients. For some the visit
may be anticipated with hopeful expectancy, while for
others it may be a dreaded experience, and the
individual's coping style plays a large part in
determining how stressful the visit may be. This study
assessed patients' use of emotion-focused and problemfocused
coping strategies, the degree of personal
control generally deemed desirable by the individual in
a variety of situations, the belief concerning the
degree of control specific to their personal health,
and related these factors to the amount of stress reported daily for a fourteen-day period prior to the
visit. It was hypothesized that: (1) patients more
inclined to use emotion-focused coping, as opposed to
problem-focused coping, would experience lower levels
of stress, and that (2) patients who reported a higher
desirability for control in general, yet believed they
had little control over their health, would cope least
effectively and would experience higher levels of
stress than their counterparts. The findings indicated
that patients did not consider the follow-up
appointment to be unusually stressful and that both
emotion-focused and problem-focused coping positively
correlated with stress, although problem-focused coping
was the best predictor of daily stress. The
interaction between desire for control and belief in
health control in mitigating stress is worthy of
further investigation. Implications for the care of
cancer patients are discussed.


title: Stressfulness of a coactive situation

subject:
Stress (Psychology)
Competition (Psychology)
Social interaction


title: Understanding the process of innovation through the theories of learning and communication

subject:
Learning
Technology transfer
Forestry innovations

abstract:
Literature on learning, communication, psychology, sociology and related disciplines was
reviewed. It was found that innovation is often incorrectly described in the literature as two
separate processes. These are the processes of learning and communications, involved in invention
and the spread of the invention, respectively. Research on learning and everyday life experiences
show that learning and communications are closely interrelated. Invention involves learning and
communication, and the spread of inventions also involves both processes. This information was
used to develop a conceptual model of the process of innovation.
The process of innovation involves collaboration and learning by individuals within a social
system, such as a work centre. The conceptual model, called the collaborative learning model, was
used to describe the factors that influence innovation. Three major factors influence innovation.
These factors are: 1) factors internal to the individual such as motivation, and learning experience
and skill, 2) cultural factors such as the development of socially acceptable behaviour, and 3)
factors related to the use of technology. Examples from natural resource management are used to
describe the collaborative learning model and factors that affect innovation. Innovation, while often desirable, may not occur, and at other times may result in unforseen
negative consequences. The complexity of ± e process often makes innovation difficult to plan or
carry out The collaborative learning model and literature suggest that unforseen negative
consequences are part of the innovation process. Unforseen negative consequences may occur due
to the interdependences amoung technological, social, and environmental systems. Changes in
one, usually the technological system, may result in unforseen changes in the social or
environmental systems. The only way to reduce negative consequences of innovation is to continue
innovating.


title: Conditioning white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) transplants for overwinter storage by root pruning and wrenching

subject:
White spruce
Roots (Botany)
Seedlings Storage

abstract:
Problems associated with the establishment and early growth of outplanted white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) led to research on conditioning white spruce transplants for overwinter frozen storage by root pruning and wrenching. The objectives of the research were: 1) to use root
pruning and wrenching treatments in conjunction with potassium fertilizer treatments during the final year in the nursery to modify the morphology and physiology of white spruce transplants, 2) to monitor the effects of the treatments on the shoot and root growth response of the stock during
overwinter frozen storage, and 3) to monitor the performance of both overwinter frozen stored and spring lifted stock, which had been subjected to root pruning and wrenching treatments, after outplanting.
In 1984, 2+1 white spmce transplants were root pruned in three phenological stages: 1) pre-flush, 2) mid-flush and 3) post-flush, followed by root wrenching at 28-day intervals. Additional potassium fertilizer was applied at three levels (0 kg/ha, 100 kg/ha and 200 kg/ha). In 1985, 2+1 white spruce transplants were root pmned early in the season followed by 1) wrenching at 21-day intervals or 2) wrenching periodically to coincide with periods of peak root growth. Additional potassium fertilizer
was applied at two levels (0 kg/ha and 75 kg/ha). In both years, 25 transplants per variate were monitored throughout the season for height and root collar diameter growth. At the end of the season,
these samples were assessed for morphological quality. Bud samples were collected to assess the effects of wrenching on primordia development. Samples of the stock were fall lifted and placed into overwinter frozen storage at -2°C. Batches of stock were removed from the freezer at one month intervals during the winter and assessed for time to bud break and root growth potential after 21-days in the growth chamber. Fall lifted and overwinter stored stock was outplanted simultaneously with spring
lifted stock from the same experiments. The outplanted stock was assessed for root growth potential after 21 days, survival and growth after the first and second year for the 1984 root conditioning trial and the first year for the 1985 trial. Plant moisture stress was monitored for the first three weeks after outplanting.
Root conditioning modified the morphology of the stock in both years by reducing height and root collar diameter and inducing the development of a more compact fibrous root system. Early season
root pruning followed by wrenching at regular intervals throughout the growing season was most effective in modifying the morphology of the stock. Root growth patterns during overwinter frozen
storage were different in the two years, with a mid-season peak occurring the first year and a gradual decline occurring through the winter in the second year. Shoot growth response was similar in both
years. Survival was excellent but growth was poor for the 1985 outplant. Survival and growth were excellent for the 1986 outplant. Differences between the two years can be attributed to differences in
climate and handling practices rather than the treatments. The results indicate that root conditioning does not confer any significant advantage to stock outplanted in wet years and that additional potassium
fertilizer does not increase survival through storage or after outplanting.


title: Effect of two interval training programs on lactate threshold, ventilatory threshold and oxygen kinetics at the onset of exercise in females

subject: Exercise for women Physiological aspects

subject: Muscles Physiology

subject: Aerobic exercises Physiological aspects

subject: Maximum oxygen consumption

subject: High intensity aerobic interval training

abstract:
The primary purpose of the present study was to measure the
effects of two different forms of high intensity aerobic interval
training. These modes were a) training at a 1:1 work/rest ratio,
using 30 seconds work and 30 seconds rest and b) training at a 1:1
work/rest ratio, using two minutes work and two minutes rest on
lactate threshold, ventilatory threshold, and the transient oxygen
uptake response of female subjects at the onset of exercise.
Twenty-four female subjects (18-26 years) were matched in terms of
their V02max and randomly assigned into one of two groups; (a)
training at 30s, or (b) 2 minutes with a 1:1 work/relief ratio
before embarking on a 7 week training program starting at 85% V02inax and increased 5% every two weeks (85%, 90%, and 95%) until
completion of the training program. The subjects trained to exhaustion
4 times/week. Results showed significant increases with
training in V02max, ventilatory threshold and lactate threshold
(p<0.01) and significant decreases in half-time transient oxygen
response (p<0.01). There were no significant group differences on
any dependent measure. It was concluded that both forms of
interval training produced strong training effects for O2 kinetics
at the onset of exercise.


title: Epitaxial growth of p-type doped III-V nitride semiconductor on sapphire substrate using remote plasma metal organic chemical vapor deposition

subject:
Gallium nitride
Metal organic
Nitride semiconductors
Molecular beam epitaxy

abstract:
Lakehead University Remote Plasma-enhanced Metal Organic Chemical Vapour Deposition (RP-MOCVD) is used to grow III-V nitride semiconductor material. RP-MOCVD use nitrogen plasma as a nitrogen source along with group III precursor for epitaxial growth of III-V nitride. Using plasma for the growth process is advantages over conventional MOCVD as it uses ammonia for nitrogen source. As ammonia dissociate at higher temperature, restrict the growth for certain material thus limiting the selection of substrate for the growth process. RP-MOCVD is efficient as it operates at low temperature and uses plasma for growth.
In this work p-type acceptor doped GaN epitaxial growth using RP-MOCVD is discussed. Mg is used as a dopant element to obtain p-type in GaN. Achieving p-type doping always remains a difficult issue for electronic and optical devices. Mg doped GaN has hole concentration around 1x1018 cm-3 due to saturation in p-type conductivity when Mg concentration is increased. Polarity of GaN matter during the growth, with Ga-polar GaN the hole concentration is higher compared with N-polar GaN. Temperature is one of the main factor in RP-MOCVD determining p-type conductivity in GaN film which provide room for compensation effect, solubility issue and dopant incorporation.
The growth result obtained from RP-MOCVD are analysed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Atomic force microscope (AFM), Hall effect, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).


title: Comparison of the late quaternary sedimentary sequence and paleomagnetic record of the North Bay outlet and a Baffin Island fiord

subject: Paleonmagnetism Nunavut Baffin Island

subject: Geology, Stratigraphic Quaternary

subject: Sediments (Geology) Ontario North Bay Region

abstract:
The lithology of the Late Quaternary lacustrine
sequences of five lakes in the North Bay area differs from
one lake to another. However, chronostratigraphically
equivalent sections of cores taken from the same lake do
show similarities in mean grain size, sand percentage and
organic and carbonate carbons.The lithology of the Late
Quaternary fiord sedimentary sequence of McBeth Fiord,Baffin
Island exhibits a slightly higher sand content and lower
organic carbon content than the North Bay lacustrine
sediments.
The magnetic mineral grains deposited on the bottom of
lakes and fiords tend to align in the direction of the
earth's magnetic field at the time of deposition creating a
remanent magnetic field in the sediments.The sedimentary
sequences of lakes in the North Bay and McBeth Fiord, Baffin
Island areas provides a record of the direction and
intensity of the earth's magnetic field for these regions
during the Late Quaternary-The declination and inclination
values of oriented samples taken from soft-sediment cores of
the Late Quaternary lacustrine sequences of the North Bay
area and the fiord sequences of McBeth Fiord can be compiled into paleodeclination and paleoinclination logs.The
oscillations of the relative paleodeclination logs show a
similar character for cores taken from the five lakes and
the fiord as do the paleoinclination logs.Marker horizons
picked on the character of either the paleodeclination or
paleoinclination logs provide a method for
chronostratigraphic correlation from one core to another
within the North Bay area and also for the McBeth Fiord
area.


title: Spectral response of some inorganic phosphors to fast ions

subject:
Ion bombardment
Phosphors
Luminescence


title: Simple route to new palladium-carbonyl-bis(diphenylphosphino)methane complexes

contributor:
Hughes, A. N.
Holah, D. G.

subject:
Complex compounds
Organopalladium compounds Synthesis
Phosphine Synthesis

abstract:
The method of synthesizing metal-carbonyl-dppm complexes [dppm = bis(diphenylphosphino)methane)
devised by Holah and Hughes has been extended to include palladium. Specifically, reductions of
palladium salts by NaBH4    in the presence of dppm and CO lead to any one
or more of five different palladium-dppm complexes.  Two of these complexes, (see document) were identified spectroscopically and have been
previously prepared by other less convenient
routes.
Three new palladium complexes are also reported. The hexameric Pd 6 ( µ- dppm) 3 ( µ- C0) 6 , 3,
has been identified spectroscopically and crystallographically. The X-ray crystal structure of 3
shows that crystals of this complex lie in the space group Pna2 1 and are orthorhombic with unit
cell dimensions of a, 39.836(13)
A; b, 15.587(4)  A; c, 12.1654 A. The other  two unidentified complexes 4a and 5a were only partially
characterized spectroscopically. Two possible
structures, (see document) are proposed for 4a and
these proposals are based largely on spectroscopic and
analytical evidence. An X-ray quality crystal of 4a
has been obtained very recently. It has been found to
diffract satisfactorily and data are currently being
collected as of this report. The unidentified complex
5a was characterized only partially. Complex 5a is a
fluxional molecule at room temperature and is thought to
contain at least 3 Pd trimeric units. The
inter-relationships between 3, 4a and 5a are discussed.


title: Mimetic roots of Flannery O'Connor's The violent bear it away

abstract:
Literature from classical antiquity to the end of the
eighteenth century was predominantly mimetic; that is, the
general function of literature was to present a heightened
imitation of reality, and, in particular those aspects of
reality which are most crucial to understanding the meaning
of human destiny.
Although Flannery O'Connor does not use the term
"imitation," her carefully formulated aesthetics bear
witness to this basic orientation. More than her comments
on the art of fiction, her literary achievement,
specifically her second novel. The Violent Bear It Away
(1960), reveals a mind that has a firm sense of the demands
of mimesis, and is intuitively close to the principles and
values of this tradition.
Through a detailed analysis of The Violent Bear It
Away. I show how it is mimetic— how it represents an
imitation of reality in the sense theoretically outlined by
Aristotle. My thesis attempts to discover a plausible
critical basis upon which O'Connor's fiction can be
understood and evaluated. I believe that as one of her
mature works. The violent Bear It Away is representative of
her fictional approach: most of her fiction tends to fall
within a closely circumscribed thematic, social, and
emotional range. If this is true,then perhaps my approach
to the novel can be applied to other individual works.
When viewed "reflexively," The Violent Bear It Away
appears to comment upon O'Connor's fictional art, and as
this thesis demonstrates, the attitudes in the novel
correspond to the classical ideals surrounding mimesis. For
example, Aristotle's theory of katharsis was connected to
his belief in the formative effect of art on the mind.
Katharsis operates by stimulating our ability to convert
insight into feeling, while at the same time controlling and
directing that feeling according to a dramatically rendered
and symbolically ordered form. But The Violent Bear It Away
suggests that humanity's redemption by Jesus Christ is a
process of "dark and disruptive" grace which carries with it
its own terrifying katharsis. O'Connor suggests that God
uses evil (as her novel uses negative emotions and violence)
as a kind of therapeutic instrument to purify and instruct
the protagonist of the story, Francis Marion Tarwater.


title: Behavior of exposed column base plate connection subjected to combined axial load and biaxial bending

subject:
Column base plate (CBP) connections
Steel construction

abstract:
Column base plate (CBP) connections are one of the most crucial structural components of steel
structures that act as a transfer medium for all the forces and moments from the entire building
into the foundation. Importance of this type of connection becomes significant when the structure
experiences dynamic loading, such as wind or earthquake, which incorporates dynamic effects in
the structure that need to be transferred to the foundation. Considerable research efforts have been
made over the past few decades on CBP connections, which led to the publication of AISC Design
Guide 1 (2006) for CBP design. This design guide is still widely used in the industry. All the
previous studies and design guidelines considered only the uniaxial (major axis) bending moment
combined with axial load for CBP connection design. However, very often the base plate
experiences a bidirectional bending moment from lateral loads during any dynamic loading event.
Although, the column is designed and checked under combined axial load and bi-axial bending,
when it comes to the base plate connection, only the axial load and major axis bending are
considered. Therefore, the objective of this research is to investigate the behavior of CBP
connections subjected to combined axial load and biaxial bending through an extensive numerical
parametric study, using general purpose finite element software ABAQUS. For this numerical
study, an accurate nonlinear finite element (FE) model is developed, considering both geometric
and material nonlinearities and validated against experimental results that are available in the
literature subjected to monotonic and uniaxial cyclic loading. Validation results show that the
developed FE model can effectively simulate force transfer at major contact interfaces in the
connection. Concurrently, a database of CBP connection subjected to axial load and uniaxial
bending, is constructed from the literature to identify the influential parameters as well as different
failure modes of the CBP connection, using Machine Learning (ML) approach. Among nine
different ML models, the Decision tree based ML model provides an overall accuracy of 91% for
identifying the failure mode whereas base plate thickness, embedment length, and anchor rod
diameter are found to be the influential parameters that govern the failure mode of CBP
connections. Therefore, a total of 20 different FE models that have different base plate thicknesses
and yield strengths, anchor bolt sizes and quantity as well as embedment lengths, grout thicknesses
and axial load ratios are developed. Furthermore, a bidirectional symmetric lateral loading protocol
is developed and applied with constant axial compressive load in the developed models. The study
reveals that the thickness of base plate and anchor rod diameter are the governing parameters for
different base connection behavior such as moment rotation response, maximum bolt tensile force,
and yield line pattern of the base plate. Moreover, the rigidity of the base plate connection is found
to be in the semi-rigid region under biaxial bending condition. Finally, this study found that the
available methods for uniaxial bending overpredicts the connection rotational stiffness compared
to the stiffness obtained from numerical analysis considering biaxial bending.


title: Evaluation of cooperative learning implementation in the classroom

subject:
Group work in education
Team learning approach in education

abstract:
This study examined how Cooperative Learning was being implemented by teachers in one board of
education. Cooperative Learning is an instructional strategy which involves students working
together in carefully designed groups. The academic and social benefits of Cooperative Learning are
well documented but there is a lack of information on its prevalence in classrooms. This study
focused on the following questions:
How are teachers using Cooperative Learning in their classrooms?
What difficulties are they experiencing?

How will/have they resolve(d) these difficulties?
The data for this study were collected through questionnaires and interviews that were developed
from the Concerns-Based Adoption Model. This model of change focuses on the change from the point
of view of the person undergoing the change. The process of data analysis involved organizing the
data into reoccurring  themes.
From this study's findings, it appears that few teachers in this board had fully implemented
Cooperative Learning in their classrooms. This study provided valuable insight into the
difficulties that they were experiencing. These difficulties fell into 3 main categories:
educational climate, teaching assignments, and Cooperative Learning itself.
The teachers provided valuable suggestions to help them better implement Cooperative Learning into
their classrooms. They were aware of what Cooperative Learning should look like and
overwhelmingly suggested  that more support be made available to  them.


title: Adaptive almost disturbance decoupling for a class of nonlinear differential-algabraic equation systems

subject:
Differential algebraic equations
Disturbance decoupling

abstract:
A class of engineering systems is modeled by Differential Algebraic Equations
(DAEs), which are also known as singular, descriptor, semistate and generalized
systems. In the chemical engineering processes, the differential equations are
constituted by the dynamic balances of mass and energy, while the thermodynamic
equilibrium relations, empirical correlations, and pseudo-steady-state conditions
build the algebraic equations. The robotic systems with kinematic constraints are
also modeled by DAE systems.
Physical and complex plants are exposed to extraneous noises and signals such as
sensor measurement noise, structural vibration and environmental disturbances. For
example, the external disturbance of a wind gust on an aircraft affects its control
system. The challenge of almost disturbance decoupling is to design a controller to
attenuate the effect of disturbances on the output to an arbitrary degree of accuracy
in the L2
 gain sense.
It is worth noting that some parameters of the real plants are naturally unknown due
to the difficulty of measurement. For example, the damping, stiffness and friction
coefficients in the dynamic equations of a constrained robotic system are difficult to
measure.
In this work, the problem of adaptive almost disturbance decoupling for a class of
nonlinear DAE systems is investigated. The DAE system is converted to equivalent
lower triangular structure by regularization and standardization algorithms and an
adaptive almost disturbance decoupling controller is constructed based on adaptive
backstepping technique. At the end, an application of the design procedure to a
physical model is shown and the results are discussed.


title: Depression and cognitions of significant life events

subject: Depression, Mental

abstract:
The present study examined a number of relevant
underlying cognitions of depression, within the context
of learned helplessness theory, and more specifically,
reformulated learned helplessness theory. Previous
research has found mixed support for the possibility
that locus of control, moderates the effects of life
stress on depression. Externality is theoretically
linked to helplessness and in order to elucidate the
role of controllability in depression, the Levenson IPC
scales (Levenson, 1974) were employed in the present
study. The attributional reformulation of learned
helplessness theory proposes that depressives
make more attributions to internal, stable, global
causal factors over negative events than do
non-depressives. In addition to an assessment of
maladaptive attributional style, Harvey (1981) included
a controllable - uncontrollable dimension of causes in
his questionnaire and found that depressives also made
attributions to controllable causes. This finding,
using student subjects, minimized the central importance of helplessness as related to depression.
The present study attempted to test the above
findings. Subjects included 126 college students and
26 out-patient counselling subjects. Each was given a
Beck Depression Inventory (Beck, 1967), the Levenson
IPC scales (Levenson, 1974), a Life Events Inventory
(Cochrane and Robertson, 1973), and an Attribution
Style Questionnaire (Hammon & Mayol, 1982). A multiple
classification of analyses of variance revealed that
male out-patients make attributions to internal,
stable, global factors; while female out-patients, the
highest scoring BDI group, made attributions to
external, stable, global factors. There was partial
support for the maladaptive attributional style, but
several questions and issues were raised. In contrast
to the findings of Harvey (1981), females whether
depressed or not, attributed the cause of stressful
events to external factors. Finally, a series of
step-wise multiple regression analyses were conducted
on the data to examine the relative contribution of the
attributions generated from the Attribution Style
Questionnaire and the three locus of control scales. Results reveal the Uncertainty, Powerful other and
Chance scales are the best overall predictors of
depression. The above findings lend support to the
learned helplessness model of depression rather than a
negative self-attitude model (Beck, 1967).


title: Prevalence of injuries in a selected cohort of high school football players in the city of Winnipeg

subject: High school athletes Health risk assessment Manitoba Winnipeg

subject: Football injuries Manitoba Winnipeg

subject: High school athletes Health and hygiene Manitoba Winnipeg

abstract:
While many studies have been published documenting injuries in
college aged and professional sports, there are few studies that describe the
prevalence of injuries among high school athletes. As a first step to creating an
injury prevention strategy for high school football, the following study describes
the prevalence of injuries among high school aged players. The study included
464 high school football athletes aged 15-18 years. Injuries for the 2005
Winnipeg high school football season were recorded. Athletes were more often
injured during practices. The lower body was defined as any structure below the
waist. The leg was most often involved in an injury, followed by the torso, and the
hand. Sprains/strains and contusions occurred more frequently than concussions
and fractures. Defensive backs and linebackers displayed the greatest number of
injuries for the defense compared with the running backs on offense. Injury
surveillance in Winnipeg will provide comparison opportunities of injury data
against established studies with similar cohorts. Injuries will occur within any
physical activity (Backx et al, 1991). Therefore, implementation of injury
surveillance measures will monitor the injury profile.


title: The response of avian predator populations to forest tent caterpillar (Malacosoma disstria; Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae) outbreaks in Ontario, Canada

contributor:
McLaren, Brian
Henne, Don
Morris, Douglas

subject:
Forest tent caterpillar
Forest insect defoliators
Forest ecosystem
Specialist/generalist predators
Defoliation

abstract:
Outbreaks of insect defoliators have broad ecological effects on forested
ecosystems because they can cause extensive mortality in host tree
populations. They also represent peaks in the density of food for specialist and
generalist predators, and some species of insectivorous birds show strong
responses to outbreaks of defoliators. Using over 50 years of bird counts and
defoliation data, I examined the response of four species with a range of
foraging specializations to outbreaks of the forest tent caterpillar, a major
defoliator of deciduous trees in eastern North America. The specialist blackbilled
cuckoo (Coccyzus erythropthalmus) showed strong aggregative and
numerical responses to the outbreaks of forest tent caterpillar at local and
regional spatial scales, respectively. In contrast, species with a lower degree of
foraging specialization, the least flycatcher (Empidonax minimus), the yellow
warbler (Setophaga petechia), and the black-capped chickadee (Poecile
atricapillus) showed weak or null aggregational and numerical responses to the
outbreaks, suggesting that they forage opportunistically on forest tent
caterpillars and that this does not result in increased reproductive output. The
results of this study are consistent with the idea that only species with a high
degree of foraging specialization can take advantage of a food resource that
fluctuates in a predictable manner, and highlights the need to consider the
predator-prey dynamics when managing population outbreaks of insect
defoliators.


title: Evaluation of brief outpatient services in a children's mental health community clinic

contributor:
Schmidt, Fred
Mazmanian, Dwight

subject:
Brief outpatient services
Children's mental health
Time-limited treatment
Short-term treatment
Brief therapy

abstract: In the past two decades, increased emphasis has been placed on the use of brief treatment services in clinical practice with youth. However, despite the common use of such services, there is a lack of research evaluating the effectiveness of this treatment approach, especially pertaining to brief services that are four sessions or less. The current study addressed this gap in the literature by evaluating the effectiveness of a Brief Service program consisting of four treatment sessions or less. It also investigated how therapeutic alliance, client satisfaction, youth and parent psychopathology, and caregiver strain were related to treatment effectiveness. A pre/post-treatment design was used in order to determine if successful treatment outcomes could be attributed to the Brief Services. Specifically, families with children under 18 years of age who would normally be assigned to Brief Services within a local children’s mental health centre were invited to participate. Participants (N = 33) received brief outpatient treatment at the Children's Centre Thunder Bay (CCTB), which involved one to four sessions over a maximum of six weeks. The CCTB Brief Service program was found to be effective in reducing child and parent mental health issues and caregiver strain. Clients were satisfied overall with their experiences at CCTB as well. Client ratings of therapeutic alliance were associated with treatment satisfaction for sessions one and two, and changes in youth mental health for session two. Parent and youth depression, anxiety, and stress were not associated with treatment outcomes in youth or caregiver strain.


title: Investigating relationships: How mining companies and Aboriginal communities can improve impact mitigation for terrestrial wildlife and traditional harvesting practices in the Canadian Arctic

contributor:
Lemelin, Harvey
Hamilton, Scott

subject:
Mining industry
Canadian Arctic
Northern Canada
Environmental protection
Sustainable development
Aboriginal participation

abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between mining companies and Aboriginal communities in the Canadian Arctic through their shared connection to the natural environment. The focal point of this investigation are the mitigation strategies employed by mining companies for reducing adverse effects to terrestrial wildlife, and the associated traditional harvesting practices of local native communities. This study investigates the roles of both parties in direct relation to effective wildlife management, socio-economic benefits and maintaining traditional lifestyles, as well as the potential for greater sustainable development. As such, it is expected that the improved management of environmental impacts can lead to more positive experiences for communities with local mining projects. Moreover, with a positive relationship, it is expected that both parties would derive greater benefits and more successful sustainable development. With a narrow focus on terrestrial wildlife species and traditional harvesting, this study is able to examine a critical component of the relationship between mining companies and communities, and devise management recommendations for future development.


title: The genetic diversity of eastern North American tree species as related to the extent of their spatial distribution during the Last Glacial Maximum

subject:
Last Glacial Maximum
Paleoecology
Glacial refugia
Phylogeography
Species distribution models

abstract: The distribution of boreal and temperate species during the last glacial maximum (LGM) in Eastern North America can have a significant effect on the genetic diversity of present day populations. Here, I modelled the LGM distribution of several keystone deciduous tree species native to northeastern North America. The ecological niche modelling software, Maxent, was used to generate a relative rate of occurrence that was used to infer the probable locations of glacial refugia. These predicted refugia were then validated by paleo-ecological records where available. The genetic variation of each species was assessed by a literature review of previous studies that used allozymes to determine the expected heterozygosity. The area of the refugia were then compared to the expected heterozygosity through a linear regression. The findings of this study indicated no significant relationship (r2 = 0.024) between refugia size and expected heterozygosity. The lack of data on expected heterozygosity likely skewed the results and further studies need to be conducted to correct for this.


title: Synthesis of alginate neoglycolipids / by Rongsong Xu.

subject:
Glycolipids - Synthesis
Cancer research
Alginates - Synthesis

abstract:
Innate immunity, one of two arms of the immune system, can provide more rapid defense mechanisms than adaptive immunity in human immune defense systems. The innate immune system recognizes invading pathogens by binding a variety of ligands to the family of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) which play important roles in linking innate and adaptive immunities in host immune defense.
Direct application of natural TLR ligands in the pharmaceutical industry is evidently limited due to their complicated components and high toxicity, and hence synthetic TLR ligands have emerged as competitive therapeutic agents involved in various diseases including infection, inflammation and cancers.
Alginates are unbranched and non-repeating linear polysaccharides comprising 1,4-linked β-D-mannuronic acid (M) and the C-5-epimer α-L-guluronic acid (G) with highly variable composition and sequential structure. They act as strong immune stimulants mediated by TLR2 and TLR4. β-1,4-D-mannuronic acid neoglycolipids (1 and 2), in this thesis, have been designed as potential ligands for TLR 2/4. The chemical synthesis of 1 and 2 have been described. Through diastereoselective β-glycosylation of the 4,6-0-benzylidene protected α-thiomannoside
donor 9 with glycosylation acceptors 6, 12 and 18 respectively,
followed by a series of deprotection and protection steps, the protocol successfully provides β-1,4-di- and tri-D-mannosides. Finally, the TEMPO/BAIB mediated oxidation and global hydrogenlization steps lead us to the target molecules 1 and 2:  [formula]


title: Ethical considerations for mindfulness in education: prescriptive quick fix or transformational paradigm shift?

contributor:
Sameshima, Pauline
Kerr, Don

subject:
Mindfulness
Buddhist roots of mindfulness
Contemporary mindfulness in the West
Mindfulness in education
Maladaptive conditioning and bias
Mindfulness and social justice

abstract: While mindfulness practices have demonstrated utility in bolstering human well-being and functioning, they are certainly not beyond reproach. Purser and Loy (2013) have coined the term “McMindfulness” to refer to instrumental and prescriptive forms of mindfulness that attempt to apply scientific reductionism to isolate, quantify, and maximize components of mindfulness associated with specific outcomes, such as stress-reduction and increased attention. In this thesis, I examine mindfulness through the lens of conceptual analysis, Buddhist ontology and epistemology, and social justice. As mindfulness is mainstreamed and appropriated by various entities that attempt to capitalize on its growing popularity, it is crucial to understand what it is and how it may be applied in a holistic manner, particularly in educational contexts. Education is a critically important site from which to enact change; for this reason, it is essential to question and understand what mindfulness is before applying it as a pedagogical prescription. Furthermore, if mindfulness is to continue to be implemented in education, it should be in support of human development and human flourishing in ways that cultivate collective well-being, rather than individualistic well-being.


title: Backward and forward associative strength in children's false recall for DRM and categorial word list / by Nadine M. Gagnon.

subject:
False memory syndrome
Memory in children
Recall (Memory)

abstract:
Recent findings with children and adults propose that the developmental increase in the DRM false memory illusion is not related to children's increased ability to process relational meaning across list items as proposed by Fuzzy-trace theory (FTT). These studies show that the effects of semantic information are limited to true memories. Unlike the propositions of FTT, this suggests that false memories do not benefit from this type of information. Previous research with adults has demonstrated that the DRM false memory illusion using recall tasks is strongly related to DRM lists' backward associative strength (BAS). However, the role of lists' associative strength has not yet been examined on children's false recall. This study sought to examine the role of associative strength on children's false recall using the DRM paradigm and to further examine the role of semantic information on children's true and false memories.  Children with the ages of 5, 7, and 11 years, studied and recalled 12 (6 DRM, 6 category) word lists with varying backward and forward associative strengths. To examine the role of semantic information, half of the children in each age group were provided with descriptive labels prior to list presentation. Results indicated that children’s false recall of category and
DRM lists were effected by different variations of associative strength, where the highest rates of false recall was obtained from DRM lists with high backward- high forward associative strength, and category lists with high backward-low forward associative strength. This also varied within each age group. Children’s true and false recall benefited from descriptive labels. However, the increase in false memories can be attributed to the
strong associative relations between the descriptive label and the critical lures of category lists. When associative relations between descriptive labels and critical lures were low, as in DRM lists, there was no beneficiary effect of labels on false recall. These results suggests that as in adults, children’s false memories occur as a result of associative activation, whether from backward or forward associative links with list items or
descriptive labels. This is in line with false memory theories based on network models of semantic knowledge (such as activation/monitoring theory), where falsely reporting the critical lure within the DRM paradigm results from its activation through highly related list items. Children’s increased susceptibility to the false memory illusion may be related
to an increased automaticity in processing associative relations between list items and the lure rather than an increased ability to extract meaning across list items.


title: Electrochemical methods and membrane bioreactor approach for wastewater treatment and water quality assessment

contributor:
Chen, Aicheng
Liao, Baoqiang

subject:
Waste pollution
Wastewater treatment
Water quality assessment
Electrochemical oxidation
Membrane reactors

abstract:
Severe water scarcity, high health standards, and strict disposal limits have necessitated the development of novel and robust strategies for wastewater remediation and water quality analysis at lower cost with reduced energy expenditure. Electrochemistry offers promising and environmentally compatible approaches for the treatment of wastewater and for water quality assessment. Meanwhile, membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology is widely recognized as an effective method for enhanced wastewater treatment or re-use. In this study, an enhanced electrochemical oxidation process was first developed for the decontamination of phenolic compounds. Subsequently, a thermophilic submerged aerobic membrane bioreactor (TSAMBR) integrated with electrochemical oxidation (EO) was constructed for the treatment of thermomechanical pulping pressate. Finally, a photoelectrochemical method was proposed for the rapid determination of chemical oxygen demand (COD).
A novel process based on an adsorption and release step followed by electrochemical oxidation was developed for the decontamination of three phenolic compounds: Phenol, p-nitrophenol (p-NPh) and p-cresol. The adsorption step was carried out by adsorbing the three pollutants onto a hyper-cross-linked resin (MN-200). The adsorption equilibrium and kinetics, as well as temperature effects were systematically studied. The MN-200 resin exhibited a high removal efficiency of the three pollutants and the adsorbed phenolic compounds can be efficiently released in a NaOH solution. The pre-concentrated phenolic compounds were further treated via electrochemical oxidation at a Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5–IrO2 electrode. The first-order model fitted the kinetics data of the electrochemical oxidation very well, showing that the degradation rate constant decreased in the order of p-NPh > phenol > p-cresol. The integration of the effective  pre-concentration process with the electrochemical oxidation offers a promising approach for the effective decontamination of phenolic pollutants in wastewater.


title: Children's use of a verbal-nonverbal consistency role for assessing truth and lying

subject:
Truthfulness and falsehood
Facial expression
Nonverbal communication

abstract:
Research on adults and older adolescents has indicated
that verbal and nonverbal coimnunication cues are utilized by
listeners to assess speaker truthfulness and sincerity. Some
evidence suggests that truthfulness is inferred from the
consistency between these two types of cues. The present
study was designed to assess whether, and if so, at what age
children use a consistency principle to determine truth and
lying. Twenty subjects (10 boys and 10 girls) from each of
kindergarten, second, and fourth grade were shown videotapes
of male and female stimulus persons providing concomitant
verbal and nonverbal cues of matched valence (consistent) or
of mismatched valence (inconsistent). After each
verbal-nonverbal communication subjects were asked to judge
whether the stimulus person was telling the truth or lying.
Results indicated that a consistency pattern was evident by
fourth grade (age 9). Additionally, sex differences were
found indicating that the consistency pattern was more evident
in females than in males.