identifier: Singh, Sanjay K. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Singh=3ASanjay_K=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1993) Mechanical behaviour of viscoelastic material with changing microstructure.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The observed response of a crystalline and brittle material to stress is the result of various micromechanical activities inside the material at the grain, or, at the constituent element scale. These activities include microcracking, pore formation and collapse, grain-boundary sliding, and phase change. In this thesis, such microstruc- tural changes, and their effect on the response of viscoelastic materials are presented with reference to the behaviour of ice during its interaction with a structure. -- During ice-structure interaction, zones of high pressure are formed at the structure interface. Extensive microcracking and other microstructural changes such as recrystallization in the ice occur in these zones. When the cracks coalesce, cavities are formed between junctions of weakly connected grains. This finely crushed material is finally extruded from the structure interface. The behaviour of ice and its damage depend on the rate of loading, the degree of confinement, the density of microcracks, grain boundaries, cavities and other microstructures. To further understanding in this area, triaxial tests were carried out on ice at different initial microstructure. -- The process of material modelling is guided by the framework of thermodynamics. The internal variable approach provides a powerful method of incorporating the microstructures into a continuum theory. The changes in microstructures such as cracks and grain boundaries are modelled by a generalized J-integral. while change in the porosity is modelled by an approximate solution for creeping solids. To describe the various changes in the material two theories are developed. In the first theory, solutions for nonlinear elastic media are extended to nonlinear viscoelastic media using a correspondence principle. The second theory for viscoelastic behaviour is based on a mechanical model with nonlinear elements. Three components of deformation, i.e., the elastic, the delayed elastic, and the viscous creep are separately identified, and their changes with the extent of damage are modelled. The first theory is more systematic and requires fewer parameters. Both of these theories provided good predictions for strength tests. The dilatation of the cracking polycrystalline ice and the porous crushed ice is also modelled by the mechanical model. -- A series of plane-strain extrusion tests were analyzed to understand the flow properties of crushed ice. A closed-form solution is presented for the nonlinear and viscous flow of crushed ice, and a finite element solution is also presented for the flow of crushed ice that is also undergoing compaction. These analyses provided a good agreement to the extrusion tests.


identifier: Wanasundara, Udaya Nayanakantha <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Wanasundara=3AUdaya_Nayanakantha=3A=3A.html>   (1996) Marine oils : stabilization, structural characterization and omega-3 fatty acid concentration.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

type: Thesis NonPeerReviewed

format: application/pdf application/pdf

abstract:
Marine oils are obtained from the flesh of fatty fish, liver of lean fish and blubber of marine mammals. Seal blubber, a major product from the seal fishery, is abundantly available in Newfoundland and Labrador, but its characteristics have not been adequately defined. In this work, seal blubber oil (SBO) and cod liver oil (CLO) were extracted and refined under laboratory conditions. During each step of refining, oils were assessed for their oxidative stability by accelerated oxidation under Schaal oven conditions at 65°C over a 6 days period. Progression of oxidation was monitored by employing peroxide value (PV) determinations and 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) tests. Oxidative stability of processed oils after alkali-refining, degumming and deodorization steps was lower than that of crude oils, which is due in part to the removal of natural antioxidative compounds during refining. Oxidative stability of refined-bleached and deodorized (RBD) SBO and CLO was compared with that of commercially available menhaden oil (MHO); SBO exhibited a higher oxidative stability than CLO or MHO, perhaps due to its low content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). -- Different procedures were examined for improving the oxidative stability of SBO and/or MHO. Particularly emphasis was placed on the use of natural antioxidants. Dechlorophyllized green tea extracts (DGTE, 100 to 1000 ppm), individual tea catechins [(-)epicatechin (EC), (-) epigallocatechin (EGC), (-)epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), (-)epicatechin gallate (ECG)] and commercially-available flavonoids (apigenin, kaempferol, morin, myricetin, naringin, naringenin, quercetin, rutin and taxifolin) at 200
ppm levels were added to both test oils. Oxidative stability of treated oils was determined and compared to those treated with conventional antioxidants such as α-tocopherol at 500 ppm and BHA, BHT and TBHQ at 200 ppm levels. Progression of oxidation was monitored by employing weight gain, PV and TBARS tests. DGTE at 500 and 1000 ppm and individual tea catechins at 200 ppm exhibited better antioxidant activity than α-tocopherol (500 ppm), BHA and BHT (200 ppm) in these oils. Antioxidant activity of individual tea catechins in both oils was in the order of ECG > EGCG > EGC > EC; antioxidant activity of ECG was slightly better than that of TBHQ (200 ppm). Among flavonoids tested, myricetin, morin, quercetin, naringin and naringenin were more effective than α-tocopherol, BHA and BHT in retarding oxidation of both oils. Myricetin was the most effective flavonoid tested. Therefore, DGTE, isolated catechins and some flavonoids could be used as effective natural antioxidants for stabilization of highly unsaturated marine oils. -- In another set of studies, microencapsulation of SBO with different starch materials such as β-cyclodextrin, corn-syrup solids and maltodextrins was carried out in order to improve the oxidative stability of SBO. Encapsulated SBO was stored at room temperature for 49 days and its stability was monitored by measuring fatty acid composition, PV and TBARS.  β-Cyclodextrin was the most effective encapsulating material used, as the resultant SBO retained 89% of its total PUFA. -- Stereospecific analysis was carried out to establish positional distributions of fatty acids in the triacylglycerols (TAG) of SBO and MHO. In SBO, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were located mainly in the sn-1 and sn-3 positions of the TAG molecules. In MHO, DPA and DHA were located mainly in the sn-2 position of the TAG, however, EPA was equally distributed amongst the sn-2 and sn-3 positions and was present only in small amounts in the sn-1 position. Therefore, EPA, DPA and DHA from SBO might be better assimilated in the body than those from MHO. -- In order to prepare ω3 fatty acid concentrates from SBO and/or MHO, three different approaches, namely low temperature crystallization, urea complexation and enzymatic hydrolysis were employed. Low temperature crystallization of free fatty acids of SBO gave a higher amount of total ω3 fatty acids in the non-crystalline fraction (concentrate) as compared to intact TAG.  Approximately 58.3 and 66.7% of total ω3 fatty acids were obtained at -60 and -70°C when hexane was used as the solvent; corresponding recoveries were 39.0 and 24.8%. -- Urea complexation of saturated and/or monounsaturated fatty acids resulted in concentration of ω3-PUFA in the non-urea complexed fraction, thus allowing facile separation of ω3 fatty acids from marine oils.  Process parameters such as urea-to-fatty acids ratio, crystallization temperature and crystallization time were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) with a central composite rotatable design (CCRD) to obtain maximum amounts of ω3 fatty acids in the SBO concentrate. Total ω3 fatty acids of 88.2% (recovery of 24.5%) were obtained at a urea-to-fatty acid ratio of 4.5, a crystallization time of 24 h, and a crystallization temperature of -10°C. -- Preparation of ω3 fatty acid concentrates from SBO and MHO using enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out by first screening microbial lipases from Aspergillus niger; AN, Candida cylindracea; CC, Chromobacterium viscosum; CV, Geotrichum candidum, GC, Mucor miehei; MM, Pseudomonas spp.; PS, Rhizopus niveus: RN and Rhizopus oryzae; RO for their activities; CC-lipase was the most efficient enzyme examined. Optimization of hydrolysis parameters, namely enzyme concentration, reaction time and reaction temperature, gave a maximum of 54.3% total ω3 fatty acids from SBO (recovery of 30%) at an enzyme concentration of 308 U/g oil, a reaction time of 40 h, and a reaction temperature of 37°C. Similarly, a maximum of 54.5% total ω3 fatty acids was obtained from MHO (recovery of 43%) at an enzyme concentration of 340 U/g oil, a reaction time of 45 h, and a reaction temperature of 38°C. Therefore, low temperature crystallization, urea complexation and enzymatic hydrolysis by CC-lipase may be used to prepare ω3 fatty acid concentrates from marine oils.


identifier: Hodgson, Paul Douglas <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Hodgson=3APaul_Douglas=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Mechanisms of the pathogenesis of cell injury and viral persistence in the woodchuck model of hepatitis B.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) persistently infects approximately 400 million people worldwide. It has several natural histories including silent infection, acute hepatitis and a serologically detectable chronic carrier state, which commonly leads to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Woodchucks infected with woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) have remarkably similar spectra of progression of infection and liver disease. This model is, therefore, invaluable for in vivo studies that are difficult or impossible to conduct in humans. The studies that comprise this thesis were aimed at determining some of the viral and host factors that may influence the outcome of experimental hepadnavirus infection of adult woodchucks. However, due to the relatively poor characterization of the woodchuck model, we first established a number of gene sequences relevant to the woodchuck immune system. This led to a gene discovery program that identified 14 novel woodchuck genes. Our first set of experiments studied Fas and perforin-mediated lymphocyte cytotoxicity to see if differences in the types of immune cell activation could predict the outcome of viral hepatitis. Our results demonstrate that lymphoid cells from woodchucks with acute WHV infection have an augmented capacity to elicit perforin-dependent cell killing when compared to woodchucks with chronic hepatitis (CH). This suggests that nonspecific cellular immunity, presumably NK cells, may play a role in early recovery from WHV infection. A second set of experiments investigated the hepatic and splenic expression of MHC class I in acute and chronic WHV infections. We have found that CH is accompanied by severely diminished hepatocyte and lymphoid cell MHC class I surface expression despite upregulated transcription of affiliated genes. This provides evidence that the virus posttranscriptionally disrupts MHC class I display and, this may protect infected cells from T cell-mediated immune clearance. This would contribute to viral persistence and possibly deregulate the MHC class I-dependent functions of the host's immune system. Our final set of experiments studied intrahepatic cytokine expression and T cell influx in the course of, or after, experimental WHV infection. This work demonstrated a positive correlation between recovery from adult WHV hepatitis and upregulated interferon γ (IFNγ). tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and CD3 gene expression. In addition, the same markers of immune activation were found to endure for years after resolution of acute infection. This suggests that antiviral cytokines, such as IFNγ and TNFα, may play a central role in recovery from acute hepatitis, as well as in the long term control of occult hepadnavirus persistence. The processes identified in the present studies could be critical for perpetuation of liver damage and evasion of anti-viral immunological surveillance in chronic hepadnavirus infection. The data obtained and the investigative tools generated should enable a better understanding of the immunopathogenesis of HBV infection and aid in the development of more effective anti-viral agents.


identifier: Reid Boland, Janice <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Reid_Boland=3AJanice=3A=3A.html>   (2001) Living under one roof : household economies in the Bay of Islands, Newfoundland, 1900-1935.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis examines household economies in the Bay of Islands from 1900 to 1935.   Simple demographic and statistical techniques are used to explore changing household economies in a rapidly populated and exploited frontier region before, during, and just after the industrial revolution arrived on Newfoundland's west coast in the guise of a railway in 1898, and a large pulp and paper mill and associated power plant in the 1920s. Bay of Islands settlers had access to economic resources and opportunities that were somewhat different than those available on Newfoundland's east coast. There was considerable variation in how households in different communities used these resources to survive. The resulting patterns of resource utilization were very different on the surface than those of the east coast traditional Newfoundland economy. So too were the structures of interaction with the formal economy. -- The underlying logic from the household perspective, however, was the same on east and west coasts - to use a combination of whatever resources were at hand to ensure survival and well being - a universal logic that required the ability to continually adapt to changing needs, circumstances and resources. Newfoundland household economies have been so intricately intertwined with the local ecology that they are best understood through detailed local analysis. This is the only way to uncover the strategies that allow them to be resilient in the face of constant change.


identifier: Yuan, Qi <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Yuan=3AQi=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Making memory : noradrenergic and serotonergic interaction leading to cAMP response element binding protein activation via cAMP mediated 2nd messenger signalling in neonate rat odor preference learning.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Early odor preference learning offers a unique paradigm for the study of natural mammalian learning. Week-old rat pups form an approach response to an odor that is paired with a tactile stimulus such as stroking. In this associative conditioning paradigm, norepinephrine (NE) input to the olfactory bulb from the locus coeruleus serves as the unconditioned stimulus (UCS) while olfactory nerve stimulation by odor input serves as the conditioned stimulus (CS). β-adrenoceptors are critically implicated in NE-mediated UCS effects. The β-adrenoceptor agonist, isoproterenol, can substitute for stroking to induce early odor preference learning. Activation of β-adrenoceptors in the olfactory bulb is both necessary and sufficient to induce early odor preference learning. The effects of isoproterenol exhibit an inverted-U curve; while a moderate dose of isoproterenol is effective in inducing odor preference learning when paired with an odor, both higher, or lower doses of isoproterenol fail to induce learning. Serotonin (5-HT) depletion shifts the isoproterenol UCS curve to the right. In an earlier model for odor preference learning, Sullivan and Wilson proposed that early odor preference learning results from the NE disinhibition of mitral cells from granule cells via β-adrenoceptors. This strengthens the mitral to granule cell synapses and increases mitral cell inhibition during memory retrieval. -- In the present thesis, I propose a new model for early odor preference learning. I suggest that a cAMP cascade activated by the NE UCS, likely via β₁-adrenoceptors, directly modulates the olfactory nerve to mitral cell connections and results in CREB transcriptional activation in the mitral cell which underpins long-term memory formation. The new model is based on the following evidence: effective CS and UCS pairing enhances phosphorylated CREB (pCREB) expression in mitral cells of the olfactory bulb and potentiates the olfactory nerve evoked field potentials of mitral cells (Chapter 2). Odor preference learning produces long-lasting increases in blood flow at the level of the olfactory nerve to mitral cell synapses which are observed during memory retrieval, and which support the hypothesis of a stronger odor input signal during memory. This is demonstrated by intrinsic optical imaging showing an enhanced response at the level of glomeruli 24 hrs after odor conditioning (Chapter 3). β₁-adrenoceptors and 5-HT₂A receptors co-localize in mitral/tufted cells. 5-HT depletion decreases NE-induced elevations of cAMP in mitral cells. 5-HT appears to promote NE-induced learning through convergence on the cAMP cascade in mitral cells (Chapter 4). CREB plays a causal role in early odor preference learning. Manipulations of CREB levels by a viral vector injection directly into the olfactory bulb change the likelihood of learning and this is reflected in alterations in pCREB (Chapter 5).


identifier: Wiseman, Roxanne Elizabeth <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Wiseman=3ARoxanne_Elizabeth=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Mapping the language of intellectual disability.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The terminology used to represent individuals with a lower than average intellectual capacity varies considerably amongst individuals, institutions, and countries. Some terms used in recent years are   intellectual disability, mental retardation, mental handicap,   and   learning   disability.      The   present   study   used   the   technique   of multidimensional scaling (MDS) to map the constructs underlying the terminology used by professionals working in adapted physical activity. A questionnaire was developed to measure respondents' perceptions of the degree of similarity between pairs of terms used to describe the target population.  The similarity matrix thus generated was used as the input for MDS that generated n-dimensional maps of the underlying constructs.   The questionnaire was distributed, and responses collected, via the Internet and postal services.    The survey participants were members of the International Federation for Adapted Physical Activity and guest reviewers and contributing authors for the Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly. The results indicated that there were significant differences between the terminology used in different English speaking countries.   The construct maps presented by the MDS mapping are subject to several alternate interpretations. The interpretations discussed were (a) advocacy (self-named) terminology versus medical (clinically    named)    terminology,    (b)    visual    stigmatization    versus    non-visual stigmatization, and (c) variations of terminology used in different countries. Implications for researchers and practitioners were also discussed.


identifier: Sheppard, Christopher Lorenzo <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Sheppard=3AChristopher_Lorenzo=3A=3A.html>   (1998) Magnetostructural correlations in polynuclear complexes of phtalazine based tetra- and hexadentate ligands.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis describes the synthesis, spectroscopic and crystallographic characterisation, and magnetism of a series of polynuclear Cu(II) complexes of the ligand 1,4-bis(3'-methyl-2’-pyridy)aminophthalazine (PAP3Me), and a series of Ni(II) and Mn(II) complexes of the ligand 1,4-bis((6-methylpyridine-2-carboxaldiimino)amino)phthalazine (PHP6Me), with particular interest in µ₂-1,1 azide bridged systems. In addition, a series of Extended Hūckel molecular orbital calculations investigating the variation of magnetic behaviour with changes in the geometry of the binuclear centre in the phthalazine / µ₂-1,1 azide bridged Cu(II) binuclear system was also undertaken. -- Part A is an introduction, consisting of three chapters. Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the study of polynuclear metal complexes. The role of these complexes as a bridge between the physics of molecular magnetism and the biochemistry of metalloenzymes is emphasised, and the theory of magnetism introduced. Chapter 2 develops the theory of molecular magnetism of binuclear metal complexes, including quantitative expressions for magnetic exchange, factors influencing the magnitude and sign of exchange interactions, and computational models (Extended Hūckel) of these interactions. Chapter 3 is an overview of the magnetic properties of binuclear and polynuclear complexes linked via azide or thiocyanate bridges. -- Part B consists of experimental results, and contains two chapters. Chapter 4 describes the synthesis of complexes based on a Cu₂PAP3Me core, in which the binuclear Cu(II) centres are bridged by phthalazine and azide or phthalazine and some other exogenous bridge.  The X-ray diffraction structures of four Cu(II) complexes, along with infrared, UV / Vis and variable temperature magnetism studies of these four, and five other complexes, are presented. In particular, it is found that the variable temperature magnetic data of the µ₂-1,1 azide bridged complexes cannot be fitted to the Bleaney-Bowers equation, whereas the data for the non-azide complexes can. Several other attempts to understand the anomalous magnetism of the azide systems suggests that using a variable temperature -2J best models the observed behaviour.  A variable temperature X-ray diffraction study was undertaken in an attempt to rationalise this behaviour in terms of changing bridge geometry, but the results indicate that this is not the case.  Extended Hūckel molecular orbital calculations were also carried out and showed that magnetic coupling in phthalazine / µ₂-1,1 azide bridged Cu(II) systems is a function of not only the µ₂-1,1 azide bridge angle, but of other geometric distortions of the azide bridge.  Chapter 5 presents the synthesis, preliminary X-ray diffraction studies, spectroscopic studies, and magnetism of Ni(II) and Mn(II) complexes of the ligand PHP6Me, plus either azide or thiocyanate.  Due to a lack of firm structural data, the results are inconclusive, and attempts to establish unequivocally an antiferromagnetic realm for µ₂-1,1 azide bridged Ni(II) and Mn(II) complexes proved unsuccessful.


identifier: Rosales, Janna Metcalfe <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Rosales=3AJanna_Metcalfe=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Method in ecology : Bernard Lonergan and Catholic environmental ethics.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The central question of this thesis explores what the thought of Canadian Jesuit philosopher Bernard Lonergan may contribute to a Catholic perspective of environmental ethics. In comparison with secular environmental movements, Roman Catholicism has arrived relatively late on the scene to examine formally issues of specifically ecological import from either a theological or academic stance. Catholic ecotheology is still in its formation but offers much potential for effective collaboration among and between both Catholics and non-Catholics. As it stands, the great variety of issues at stake in environmental ethics calls for a multidisciplinary approach involving science, technology, politics, economics, law, education, philosophy, and religion. Finding common ground on which to discuss the issues and prioritize values proves difficult. This thesis explores ways that common ground may be sought both within Catholicism and in the broader secular sphere using Lonergan's three-fold notion of conversion (intellectual, moral, and religious conversion), his notions of the human good and collective responsibility, his method of self-appropriation, and his cognitional theory which claims invariance in the structure and process of knowing. Because the call for change, not just of social systems but also of hearts and minds, is a recurring theme in any environmental ethics, Lonergan's notion of conversion will be crucial to this exploration of common ground.


identifier: Heath, Olga Jean <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Heath=3AOlga_Jean=3A=3A.html>   (1992) Mental status in the hospitalized elderly.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of hospitalization on mental status in the elderly.  To this end subjects were given mental status exams in hospital and after discharge, with a retrospective assessment of functioning before illness obtained from an informant using the Informant's Interview section of the CAMDEX (Roth, Tyme, Mountjoy, Huppert, Hendrie, Verma, & Goddard, 1986).  Other measures that were taken include diagnosis, number of medications in hospital and at home, and the likelihood of those medications having an effect on mental status.  A comparison was made of performance on the mental status exam (M.M.S.E., Folstein, ,Folstein, & McHugh, 1975) in hospital and at home.  As well, multiple regression analyses were used to determine which factors more strongly predicted performance on the M.M.S.E. on both occasions. -- The results reveal that 52% of the population interviewed scored below the accepted cutoff of 24/30 on the M.M.S.E..  This is an important finding given that those subjects who were delirious were eliminated from the study.  Those subjects who scored in the impaired range on the M.M.S.E. in hospital did significantly better at home (p < .000).  There was no such difference for the unimpaired group suggesting that the finding is not the result of a practice effect.  The regression analyses show that mental status in-hospital and post-discharge was most strongly predicted by the CAMDEX pre-hospitalization measures.  The amount of variance explained post-discharge was greater than that explained in hospital.  The CAMDEX Informant's Interview subscales which best predicted performance, both at home and in hospital, for the group scoring in the impaired range, were the Activities of Daily Living and Paranoia.


identifier: Exner, Heather <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Exner=3AHeather=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Low political participation among rural women in Chiloe, Chile : consequences for democratization.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis, the research for which is based largely on fieldwork done in Chile between May and August 2001, seeks to answer why rural women living in the southern Chilean island of Chiloe participate so minimally in political activities and organizations. To question low participation implies an expectation of significant levels of participation, which prior to arriving in Chile was what I believed I would find - not in the sense of a formally developed civil society such as one would come across in North America, but in terms that citizens of a democracy, regardless of its economic standing, would seek to promote and further their objectives through political processes, be it through labour unions, civic associations or simply through voting. In rural Chiloe, this was not the case, as women there displayed very little interest or knowledge in politics or government. The reasons for this are varied and make up the focus of this study


identifier: Hofmann, Thomas <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Hofmann=3AThomas=3A=3A.html>   (1991) Marine propeller design, tests and manufacture.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis presents three aspects of marine propeller technology. 1) the theoretical design of small propellers; 2) some aspects of manufacturing, in particular, propeller casting; and 3) tests on full scale vessels. Although this work was done in the context of small fishing vessels, most of it is applicable to ships' propellers in general. -- Two lifting line theory propeller design programs were written and tested. Their usefulness was demonstrated by using test cases which involved real vessels and experimental test results. Through development of lifting surface corrections, results can be produced, from the lifting line theory which closely approximate experimental test data; also, propellers for specific vessels have been designed using the new programs. The lifting line methods for propeller design, as used here, are useful methods for designing propellers for small vessels for which few propulsive or resistive data are available and for preliminary design of other subcavitating propellers. -- A 1/5 scale model of the vessel UMV SUGAR was constructed to do a set of model tests: resistance tests; open water propeller and self propulsion tests; and hot film anemometer wake measurements. Although the model was designed and constructed by the author, the tank testing was done by a visiting post-doctoral fellow, Dr. Shukai Wu. The testing program was done to determine the propulsion and resistance data required for lifting line propeller design and to compare model and full scale results. A graph of the Taylor wake fraction and thrust deduction fraction as measured from the model are given in the appendix. Complete test results are given in the reference. -- Sea trials were performed to determine vessel propulsive performance of the UM V SUGAR and the MV BECKY A. by using a purpose designed and instrumented propeller stub shaft. Results from both full scale trials were analysed. These tests confirm previous claims of very poor propulsive efficiency for these vessels. -- A method for commercially producing a propeller casting was developed. This method did not require the use of a solid pattern to produce the mould. A strickle gear was designed and built to construct propeller moulds for propellers up to 24 inches in diameter. An expert system was developed to ensure that casting quality could be maintained through information access on mould design. The system was tested by producing a prototype propeller mould and casting for a model propeller.


identifier: Grande, Ottar Helge <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Grande=3AOttar_Helge=3A=3A.html>   (1983) Model study of wave propagation in a continuous ice sheet.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The propagating and amplitude attentuating features of gravity waves in ice covered water has, during the last decase, been given a fairly extensive theoretical treatment. Usually the wave characteristics have been estimated by modelling the ice cover as a continuous linear elastic or linear visco elastic plate of uniform thickness on an elastic foundation. -- In order to determine the validity of the theoretically derived dispersion relationships for the propagation and attenuation of gravity waves entering an ice field a laboratory study was conducted. Continuous semi-infinite artificial ice sheets based on polypropylene pellet and wax combinations were used and the wavelengths and wave amplitudes were measured. Theoretical values for the wavelengths were obtained by solving the wave dispersion equation using Padé coefficients and compared with the experimentally obtained values. The wave amplitudes in the ice covered region were calculated from the wave energy.


identifier: Rostami, Abbas Ali <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Rostami=3AAbbas_Ali=3A=3A.html>   (1979) Metal cathodes and hydrogen : part 1, lead disintegration ; part 2, hydrogen adsorption on silver.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In Part 1 of the thesis the disintegration of lead cathodes in aqueous perchloric and sulphuric acids at room temperature is considered. Electrochemical methods of analysis (differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry and differential pulse polarography) of the Pb²⁺ concentrations generated by lead disintegration has enabled it to be detected at lower rates and hence at lower current densities than hitherto. Periodic sampling has enabled observations to continue during several hours of cathodisation. -- Lead disintegration rates in aqueous H₂SO₄ were found to be 10-25 times those observed by Gastwirt and Salzberg in 1957, probably because of the exclusion of air, other precautions against impurities and because of the use of more sensitive techniques for measuring disintegration. Disintegration rates in aqueous HC10₄ are comparable to those in H₂SO₄, in both cases decreasing with increase in [H₃O⁺] because of the inhibiting effects of hydronium ions on disintegration. -- As found by Gastwirt and Salzberg, threshold current densities also increase with [H₃O⁺], continuous disintegration being unobservable at lower current densities. Nevertheless, disintegration of a different type does occur below threshold current densities, in this case being a discontinuous process. This previously unknown phenomenon is attributed to accumulation of atomic hydrogen in the lead, combining within the lattice to H₂ and exerting such pressures that particles of lead are ejected. -- Cathodic disintegration of lead is thought to involve chemical and mechanical processes simultaneously. The chemical process is proposed to be formation and decomposition of surface PbHx where x ≤ 2, while the mechanical process involves bulk diffusion of H atoms and their subsequent combination to H₂ resulting in Pb ejection. -- In Part 2 of the thesis, studies of the diffusion of electro-lytically generated hydrogen through silver are described, together with the results of overvoltage and capacitance measurements at silver cathodes in aqueous perchloric acid at room temperature. Capacitances were deduced from open-circuit potential decay measurements. The increase of overvoltage and the growth of the measured capacitances in the course of electrolysis are attributed to a growing pseudocapacitance component. This is analysed in terms of an increasing coverage, ⊖H, of the cathode by adsorbed hydrogen atoms. The increase in surface coverage from the beginning up to several days of cathodisation ranged up to 2% of a monolayer for silver in 0.1 mol ℓ⁻¹ HC10₄ and up to 0.9% of a monolayer in 1 mol ℓ⁻¹ HC10₄. -- The increase of overvoltage at constant current density and the increase of electrode capacitance at constant overvoltage with the logarithm of the cathodic charge (-Q) were both linear up to Q values of about -60 C cm⁻². This increase of overvoltage and pseudo-capacitance might be attributed to the adsorption and absorption of hydrogen atoms by silver cathodes.


identifier: Leawood, Nancy E. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Leawood=3ANancy_E=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Metal concentrations in mussels from St. John's Harbour, Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: St. John's Harbour is an estuarine environment that has been at the centre of much of Newfoundland and Labrador's industrial, commercial and social activity since the settlement of the province's first immigrants. Historical practices such as atmospheric discharges from coal burning and current activities such as high-volume municipal sewage dumping and frequent ocean vessel trafficking has thus lead to contamination of this environment by a range of pollutants associated with such activities. Surprisingly there is little published quantitative information regarding seawater metal abundance and distribution within the harbour. In this study, the concentrations of 12 metals (Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Sr, Cd and Pb) were determined in the soft tissue of indigenous blue mussels that were collected from 6 sites within St. John's Harbour and 5 outer harbour sites, including one control site. The tissue was dissolved in a closed-vessel microwave system and analyzed by ICPMS. -- Statistical analysis indicated significant differences (p < 0.005) of median concentrations for most metals between inner and outer harbour regions. Zinc and Pb concentrations were an order of magnitude higher at the inner harbour sites, while Cd was an order of magnitude lower at the inner sites. Median inner and outer region values were 149 and 87 µg⋅g⁻¹ for Zn, 1.74 and 0.58 µg⋅g⁻¹ for Pb, 398 and 1133 µg⋅g⁻¹ of Cd, respectively. The magnitude of between-region concentration differences was not as great for the other analytes. Like Cd, concentrations of As and Se were significantly higher in the outer harbour region, all other metals being significantly higher in the inner region, except Cr and Ni, for which no significant concentration differences between regions was indicated (p > 0.05). The 85th percentile Zn concentration from the inner region and that of Se from both regions were higher than 85th percentile mussel concentrations reported by the NOAA National Status and Trends program. The spatial distribution of metals within each region was uniform, excepting one site on the south side of the harbour that showed elevated concentrations for several analytes. No indication of a correlation between the metal concentrations in mussels and proximity to sewage and storm drain outflows was found.


identifier: Coovadia, Ferhana <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Coovadia=3AFerhana=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Looking good and feeling great : women, exercise and weight consciousness.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study explores the body image and weight consciousness of women taking part in aerobic exercise in an Atlantic Canadian fitness centre. Their reasons for participating in aerobics and their perceptions of the role of cultural institutions such as the media in shaping their body image are also explored. The participants consisted of twenty-seven women who are moderately or highly committed to aerobic exercise. A short questionnaire was used to obtain information about their backgrounds. This was followed by an intensive, semi-structured interview. It was shown from these interviews that the discussion on diet, exercise and the body emanated from the perception that to be thin is to be fit, healthy and beautiful. The findings of this study attest to the existing dissatisfaction that women in western societies feel about their physical appearance. It also revealed that there was a link between being physically fit and healthy and experiencing a healthy mind.


identifier: Winsor, Fraser N. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Winsor=3AFraser_N=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Methods for removing inertial force from measured wave impact force signals.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This report discusses the implementation of three methods for removing or mitigating the so-called inertial force from measured signals resulting from wave impact on components of offshore structure models. The wave impact causes vibration or acceleration in the modeted component. The acceleration is perceived as a force by the measurement transducers. This inertial force component is not scaleable, and must be removed in order to obtain the actual applied force. -- A mitigation method based on the solution of the system equation of motion using normalized coordinates, known as the normal mode method, is investigated. A technique based on the division of the fast Fourier transform of the measured force by the system frequency response, known as the inverse Fourier transform method, is implemented. Finally, the use of digital low pass and band reject filters is examined. -- These techniques are applied to wave impact and decay test measurements from experiments conducted on jacket type fixed offshore structure models. -- The results prove to be less than ideal. The reasons for this are discussed, and recommendations are made for future investigations.


identifier: Taylor, Sharon <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Taylor=3ASharon=3A=3A.html>   (2001) Living on the other side of nowhere : unravelling meanings of community in the context of the TAGS era.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Much scholarly work has centred around community in Newfoundland and Labrador However, comparatively little work has focused on meanings of community. This thesis compares meanings of community in everyday life for people living in a Southern Shore community on Newfoundland's Avalon Peninsula, with the meanings found in scholarly literature and in government documents produced in association with The Atlantic Groundfish Strategy (TAGS). TAGS was a federal adjustment program responding to the moratoria on groundfish fishing in Atlantic Canada in the 1990s. I draw on Dorothy Smith's feminist theory, which starts from lived experience as well as the socioeconomic context of that lived experience as an entry point to illuminating the ideological nature of documents and their links to ruling relations. Smith's discussions of ideology and ruling relations are central to my gender- informed and mediated framework. I explore the contrast between meanings of community in TAGS documents and expert texts looking for lines of fault between these texts and meanings of community in everyday life in a fishing community in Newfoundland. -- I use as well Smith's notions of resilience and emergent consciousness to demonstrate that the historic oppressive practices of the ruling group are re-mobilized in TAGS, reflecting society's patriarchal and capitalist ideology generally, and government ideology more specifically. I show the insight of ordinary social actors into the conditions of their existence. My argument is that these concepts are integrally related to community research and policy development. -- The research shows that the meanings of community in one community is partly organized by history, geography and gender, and by religious, economic and political regimes. This thesis concludes by exploring the implications of these interpretations for community research and policy development.


identifier: Shi, Yu <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Shi=3AYu=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Model test data analysis of ship maneuverability in ice.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis presents a detailed analysis of planar motion mechanism model test data in various ice conditions. A comprehensive literature investigation on ship maneuverability in ice was performed. The main focus of this work is better understanding of the effects of different ice conditions on ship maneuverability and information for an effective and accurate mathematical model for estimating ship maneuverability in ice. Because of high forces and high accelerations in icebreaking operation, the data are complex. A complete procedure for the analysis of the raw test data, including wavelet transform and neural network calculation, was developed. A ship turning radius predictor based on the data gives internally consistent results. The proposals for further research, to achieve a more accurate model, are provided.


identifier: Knight, Thomas W. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Knight=3AThomas_W=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Habitat selection in Brook Trout, Salvelinus fontinalis.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: I combined field and laboratory experiments to test theories of density-dependent habitat selection and habitat preference in brook trout (Salvetinus fontinalis) from Cape Race, Newfoundland, Canada. My primary objective was to test whether theory allows us to correctly infer the behaviour of individuals in a population based only on field census data. Secondarily, I tested whether patterns of habitat use are influenced by the habitat composition of a river as indicated by models of evolution in heterogeneous landscapes. -- Theories of density-dependent habitat selection predict that competitive interference for preferred sites should produce curvilinear or non-linear relationships in population density. I tested the theory by manipulating population densities of brook trout in four separate stream enclosures containing flat and riffle habitats. Regressions of density in the paired habitats (isodars) were curvilinear, suggesting that brook trout are site-dependent habitat selectors. Body-size distributions between flat and riffle habitats were consistent with the hypothesis of site pre-emption by larger, presumably dominant individuals. The isodar analysis, based only on density data, revealed the competitive behaviours that are believed to underlie brook trout distributions. -- To test whether individual behaviour is consistent with the hypothesis of site dependence, I used observations of brook trout in an experimental stream tank. Brook trout were introduced into the stream tank over a range of population densities, at two flow treatments, and their precise location was mapped at consistent intervals over 2 to 3 days. My observations support the site-dependent model of habitat selection, confirming 3 a priori predictions: 1) brook trout recognise and respond to differences in site quality; 2) individuals select the highest quality site available; 3) larger, presumably dominant, individuals occupy the sites of highest quality. Observed habitat-selecting behaviour is consistent with behaviour inferred from population census data, further supporting ideas of density-dependent habitat selection and strengthening the theoretical basis of isodar analysis. -- Finally, I tested whether habitat use differs between populations as predicted by theoretical models of evolution among heterogeneous landscapes. Habitat preferences of brook trout captured from two isolated rivers were observed in an experimental stream tank. Individuals from a river composed primarily of flat habitat used the flat portion of the stream tank significantly more than brook trout from a river composed primarily of riffle habitat. I conclude that habitat preference in salmonid fish may evolve partially in response to the landscape composition of a given watershed.


identifier: Wang, Zhiguo <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Wang=3AZhiguo=3A=3A.html>   (1997) Ice forces on a multifaceted conical structure.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: To simplify fabrication and reduce costs of conical structures for arctic offshore development, a multifaceted conical shape was proposed to replace the conventional smooth cone. This raised a number of concerns about the mechanisms for ice interaction with this multifaceted conical structure (MCS) and the validity of analytical models which were developed for the smooth conical structure (SCS). A vertical neck at the top of the MCS was proposed for a prototype and industry has desired a large size for this neck, i.e., its diameter to be only slightly smaller than water-line diameter. This raised another concern: what was the effect of this vertical neck on ice loads ? -- To address these concerns, a university-industry joint program (NSERC file # 661- 119/88) was initiated to carry out a series of test program. The program involved three series of tests carried out in three Canadian test facilities (ESSO Resources Canada, Calgary; NRCC's Institute for Mechanical Engineering, Ottawa; and NRCC's Institute for Marine Dynamics, St. John's) with structural models at scales of 1:50 to 1:10 and at a cost about 1.3 million Canadian dollars. The results of these tests were presented in test reports published by each facility; while presenting these test results no detailed analysis was carried out to understand the ice/structure interaction in a comprehensive manner. The data contained in these test reports have been used in this study to understand in depth the various interaction scenarios possible between a multi- year ice ridge and the MCS. -- The direct analysis of the test data, presented in this study, covers answers to most of the concerns raised by the offshore industry but is not limited to them. Besides the ice failure mechanisms involved in the process of ice interaction with the MCS models, the parameters analyzed include neck size, structural orientation, ridge width, and the events that caused the maximum ridge loads. In the analysis of the ice failure mechanisms, three ridge failure patterns are identified. Both ridge cracking and ridge segment ride up processes are recognized to be events causing the maximum ridge loads. The influence of a number of factors on ice cracking pattern and ice loads exerted on the MCSs are considered in the data analysis. -- To provide an insight into the interaction process and the ice failure mechanisms, a series of numerical simulations are carried out using a commercial discrete element code (DECICE). DECICE is capable of realistically simulating the ice breaking processes accompanied by broken ice pieces riding up on the structural surface. This overcomes the disadvantage of the conventional finite element analysis in which the ride-up forces are to be approximately computed under an unrealistic assumption that only one layer of ice rides up. The simulations using DECICE show the broken ice pieces to be actively involved in the breaking process of impinging ice. The effect of neck size on ridge and sheet ice loads is also studied using DECICE. -- An analytical model is developed which takes the particular feature of the MCSs and ridge length into account; this model should provide designers with a simple estimation of ridge cracking loads. This analytical model is given in the form of a set of equations covering the initial crack event and hinge crack event for both finite length (short) and infinite length (long) ridges. Three loading conditions for hinge cracks in an infinite ridge are considered in the equations. The most conservative loading condition for the hinge cracks is chosen for short ridges to give a conservative estimation of the maximum ridge loads. The equations for long ridges are expressed in a general form with different coefficients for various crack events and loading conditions. -- An extensive comparison of the experimental results given in this thesis, for level ice fields, has been made with the analytical models that were develped for prediction of level ice loads on SCSs. The results show Nevel's analytical model for sheet ice load estimation to be fairly valid for use in estimation of sheet ice loads on MCSs though it was developed for smooth cones. Ralston's model is also acceptable for MCSs if appropriate parameters are chosen for inputs to this model. -- Of the various analytical models available for ridge load estimation, the model developed in this thesis gives the best prediction (closest to the measured loads). As a second choice, Wang's plasticity model which has been widely accepted for smooth cones is also applicable to the case of MCSs.


identifier: Subbarayalu, Sethuramalingam <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Subbarayalu=3ASethuramalingam=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Hierarchical plate and shell element incorporating symbolic computations.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: A hierarchical nine node p-version curved shell finite element is developed incorporating symbolic computations. The element has five nodal degrees of freedom, three translations and two rotations. The displacement approximation functions which are hierarchical in nature are derived from the Lagrangian functions. The hierarchical finite elements have a distinct advantage of saving computational effort in comparison with h-version elements. However, as the order of the displacement polynomial increases, the number of gaussian points required for integration have to be increased to obtain element matrices. This increases the computational effort required for element generation. The nature of hierarchical formulation offers certain avenues for the usage of symbolic computations which substantially reduces the computational effort involved in the element generation. A number of locations where the usage of symbolic computations offers significant reduction in computational effort are identified and are incorporated. The problems associated with the development of finite element codes can be successfully addressed by the usage of Object Oriented Programming(OOP) techniques. A Finite element program for the shell element is developed using this OOP technique. The performance of the present element is demonstrated using various numerical examples.


identifier: Morgan, David <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Morgan=3ADavid=3A=3A.html>   (2001) Gracefully labelled trees from Skolem and related sequences.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In this thesis we use Skolem sequences, hooked Skolem sequences, and periodic odd sequences to find graceful labellings of trees. -- Using a particular Skolem sequence of order n we will produce a graceful labelling of a certain tree on 2n vertices. Additionally, the following two theorems will be established. -- • A Skolem sequence of order n ≡ 0,1 (mod 4) implies the existence of a graceful tree on 2n vertices which has a perfect matching or a matching on 2n - 2 vertices -- • A hooked Skolem sequence of order n ≡ 2,3 (mod 4) implies the existence of a graceful tree on 2n +1 vertices which has a matching on either 2n or 2n - 2 vertices. -- The periodic odd sequence will be used to show a particular class of trees to be graceful. Given a tree T, consider one of its longest paths PT, which is not necessarily unique. We define T to be m-distant if no vertices of T are a distance greater than m away from PT. We will show that all 3-distant graphs with the following properties are graceful. -- (1) They have perfect matchings. -- (2) They can be constructed by the attachment of paths of length two to the vertices of a 1-distant tree (caterpillar), by identifying an end vertex of each path with a vertex of the 1-distant tree. Consequently, all 2-distant trees (lobsters) having perfect matchings are graceful.


identifier: Wang, Qiang <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Wang=3AQiang=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Hereditary semigroup rings and maximal orders.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: ln this thesis, we study several problems concerning semigroup algebras K[S] of a semigroup S over a field K. -- In Chapter 1 and Chapter 2 we give some background on semigroups and semigroup rings. In Chapter 3, we discuss the global dimension of semigroup rings R[S] where R is a ring and S is a monoid with a sequence of ideals S = I₁ ⊃ I₂ ⊃ ⋅⋅⋅ ⊃ In ⊃ In₊₁ such that each Ii/Ii₊₁ is a non-null Rees matrix semigroup. -- In Chapter 4, we investigate when a semigroup algebra has right global dimension at most 1, that is, when is it right hereditary. As an application of the results in Chapter 3, we describe when K[S¹] is hereditary for a non-null Rees semigroup S. For arbitrary semigroups that are nilpotent in the sense of Malcev, we describe when its semigroup algebra is hereditary Noetherian prime. And for cancellative semigroups we obtain a description of when its semigroup algebra is hereditary Noetherian. -- In Chapter 5, we generalize the concept of unique factorization monoid and investigate Noetherian unique factorization semigroup algebras of submonoids of torsion-free polycyclic-by-finite groups. -- In Chapter 6, we investigate when a semigroup algebra K[S] is a polynomial identity domain which is also a unique factorization ring. In order to prove this result we describe first the height one prime ideals of such algebras.


identifier: Jacobs, Rene Lee <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Jacobs=3ARene_Lee=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Hormonal regulation of homocysteine metabolism.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
An elevated plasma concentration of homocysteine, a sulfur-containing amino acid derived from methionine, has been recognized as an independent risk factor for the development of vascular disease (Kang et aL, 1992). Methionine is adenylated by methionine adenosyltransferase to form S-adenosylmethionine, an important biological methyl donor. Numerous methyltransferases catalyze the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine to a methyl acceptor, producing a methylated product and S- adenosylhomocysteine which is subsequently hydrolysed to form adenosine and homocysteine.  Homocysteine has several possible fates: 1) remethylation to form methionine via either the cobalamin-dependent methionine synthase (using N⁵-methyltetrahydrofolate as a methyl donor) or betaine:homocysteine methyltransferase (using betaine as a methyl donor); 2) catabolism by the transsulfuration pathway, ultimately forming cysteine; 3) export to the extracellular space. Two vitamin B₆-dependent enzymes comprise the transsulfuration pathway: cystathionine β-synthase, which condenses homocysteine with serine to form cystathionine, and cystathionine y-lyase, which cleaves cystathionine to cysteine, NH₄⁺ and α-ketobutyrate. -- Altered flux through the remethylation or transsulfuration pathways as a result of genetic mutations or impaired vitamin status has been shown to affect plasma homocysteine levels (Ubbink et al, 1993; Kluijtmans et al., 1999). In recent years it has also become apparent that certain hormones can affect homocysteine metabolism. It has been shown that hypothyroid patients tend to have elevated plasma homocysteine and that these levels are normalized when thyroid levels are restored by thyroxine treatment
(Nedrebo et aL, 1998; Hussein et al, 1999). Altered homocysteine metabolism has been observed in diabetes mellitus. Diabetic patients (Types 1 and 2) with signs of kidney dysfunction (i.e. elevated creatinine levels) tend to have increased plasma homocysteine (Hultberg et al, 1991). However in the absence of renal dysfunction, Type 1 diabetic patients exhibit decreased plasma homocysteine relative to normal subjects (Robillon et al., 1994). In this thesis we investigated the hormonal regulation of homocysteine metabolism in rats in hope that we could illuminate a possible mechanism for altered plasma homocysteine levels in human hypothyroidism and Type 1 diabetes mellitus. -- In Chapter 3, hypothyroidism was induced in one study by addition of propythiouracil (PTU) to the drinking water for 2 weeks. In a second study, thyroidectomized and sham-operated rats were used with thyroid hormone replacement via mini-osmotic pumps. Unlike the human hypothyroid patients, both groups of hypothyroid rats exhibited decreased total plasma homocysteine (30% in PTU rats, 50% in thyroidectomized rats) versus their respective controls. Thyroid replacement normalized homocysteine levels in the thyroidectomized rat. Increased activities of the hepatic trans-sulfuration enzymes were found in both models of hypothryoidism. These results provide a possible explanation for the decreased plasma homocysteine concentrations. The hypothyroid rat cannot be used as a model to study homocysteine metabolism in hypothyroid patients. -- The purpose of our second study (Chapter 4) was to investigate homocysteine metabolism in a type 1 diabetic animal model and to examine whether insulin plays a role in its regulation. Diabetes was induced by intravenous administration of streptozotocin (100 mg/kg) to rats. Depending on the experiment, we observed a 30-70 % reduction in plasma homocysteine in the untreated diabetic rat. Treatment with insulin of the diabetic rat raised plasma homocysteine concentrations. Transsulfuration and remethylation enzymes were measured in both liver and kidney. We observed an increase in the activities of the hepatic transsulfuration enzymes (cystathionine β-synthase and cystathionine y-lyase) in the untreated diabetic rat. Insulin treatment normalized the activities of these enzymes. The renal activities of these enzymes were unchanged as was the proportion of plasma homocysteine metabolized by the kidney. These results suggest that insulin is involved in the regulation of plasma homocysteine concentrations by affecting the hepatic transsulfuration pathway. -- The increased hepatic cystathionine β-synthase activity in the untreated-diabetic rat was associated with elevated mRNA levels. Similar to its activity, cystathionine β-synthase mRNA levels were reduced by insulin administration. To further investigate the regulation of cystathionine β-synthase we incubated rat hepatoma cells (H4IIE) with various hormones. Cystathionine β-synthase mRNA, protein, and activity were induced in triamcinolone stimulated H4IIE cells. This induction was prevented by insulin incubation. CPT-cAMP, an analogue of cAMP, also induces cystathionine β-synthase mRNA levels in cultured cells. Co-incubation of insulin with CPT-cAMP prevents any increase in mRNA levels. These experiments provide evidence of the direct regulation of cystathionine β-synthase by insulin and its counter-regulatory hormones. -- Given the broad regulatory effects of glucagon on amino acid metabolism and the fact that plasma glucagon levels are often elevated in Type 1 diabetes we investigated the effect of glucagon on homocysteine metabolism in the rat (Chapter 5). Male Sprague Dawley rats were treated with glucagon (4 mg/kg/day in three divided doses) for 2 days while control rats received vehicle injections. Glucagon treatment resulted in a 30% decrease in total plasma homocysteine and increased hepatic activities of glycine N-methyltransferase, cystathionine β-synthase and cystathionine y-lyase. Enzyme activities of the remethylation pathway were unaffected. The 90% elevation in activity of cystathionine β-synthase was accompanied by a two-fold increase in its mRNA level. Hepatocytes prepared from glucagon-injected rats exported less homocysteine, when incubated with methionine, than did hepatocytes of saline-treated rats. Flux through cystathionine β-synthase was increased five-fold in hepatocytes isolated from glucagon-treated rats as determined by production of ¹⁴CO₂ and 1-¹⁴C-α-ketobutyrate from L-[1-¹⁴C]methionine. Methionine transport was elevated two-fold in hepatocytes isolated from glucagon-treated rats resulting in increased hepatic methionine levels. Hepatic concentrations of S-adenosylmethionine and S-adenosylhomocysteine, allosteric activators of cystathionine β-synthase, were also increased following glucagon treatment. These results indicate that glucagon can regulate plasma homocysteine through its effects on the hepatic transsulfuration pathway. -- This thesis provides clear evidence that glucagon lowers plasma homocysteine while insulin has the opposite effect. The mechanism for this reciprocal regulation has been outlined in detail. Taken together, it is clear that these metabolic hormones can be very important in controlling plasma homocysteine levels and that the liver is the site of this hormonal regulation.


identifier: Mitchell, Matthew <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Mitchell=3AMatthew=3A=3A.html>   (2000) I will go and return : motion, tension and the uncertainty of salvation in the language and literary structure of the Book of Hosea.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis explores the theme of ambiguity in the book of Hosea, the means by which this theme is communicated and its effects upon the interpretation of the book as a whole.  The contention of this thesis is that the book of Hosea does not allow for 'closed' readings or 'final' interpretations of the book's message and that the book delivers a message which wavers between threats of punishment and promises of reconciliation, yet avoids providing the reader with a final, unqualified statement in favour of one or the other.  This tension between threat and promise is one of the qualities which gives the book its tremendous power, yet at the same time the uncertainty it expresses has been a source of many difficulties for the book's commentators.  The first chapter explores the 'marriage metaphor' which has captured the attention of biblical scholarship for many years, examining the uses of words derived from the root זנה,  including the varying interpretations of the expression זנןנים שתN.  The interpretations of the early chapters of Hosea as 'biography' are critiqued and rejected in favour of viewing the use of such expressions as not only inconsistent with the methods of most proposed biographical reconstructions, but also as a result of the polemical aims and language of the text. The second chapter discusses the literary devices used to create a sense of ambiguity and instability within the book's opening chapters. Special attention is given to the sequence surrounding the naming of the children in the first two chapters and the recurring use of the negative Nל, but a discussion of Hosea's use of imagery with multiple connotations, in particular the 'wilderness' and its role in the wife's abandonment and return, is also included. The third chapter continues the exploration of polyvalent imagery, moving into the latter portion of the book (chapters 4-14). The investigation deepens by examining the intertwining of the images of 'Exodus', 'Egypt' and the 'wilderness', the use of the root שרב in conjunction with these images as illustrations of the polyvalent imagery found in the book of Hosea, and the element of physical motion involved in metaphors of apostasy and faithfulness. From this analysis one can more clearly see how the 'marriage metaphor' of Hosea 1-3 sets forth the book's basic themes, and also provides the reader with both a means of entry into the dynamic tension of the text, as well as some of the interpretative tools required to analyse a book which consistently defies expectations and evades facile summarisation.


identifier: Bezerra, Andrea <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Bezerra=3AAndrea=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Growth and protein digestibility of tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum, Cuvier 1818, fed diets based on fish silage.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: It is recognized that the cost of artificial fish feed makes a significant contribution to the costs of an aquaculture operation. In order to decrease the dietary costs an alternative protein source to traditional fish meal is needed. Silage is often used, however there is a lack of research on the utilization of silage as a main source of protein in fish diets in the Northeast of Brazil. Hence, this thesis was undertaken to determine the growth and apparent protein digestibility of tambaqui, Coiossoma rnacropomun, when fed diets based on formic acid and biological fermented silage compared to a control fishmeal diet. -- Fish silage was obtained by the addition of formic acid to minced tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Lactobacillus plantarum was used as inoculum and molasses as the carbohydrate source. Chemical composition, pH, total and free amino acid of the silages were determined. Formic acid and biologically fermented silage stored for 4 and 30 days were co-dried with wheat bran and incorporated into the diet of juvenile tambaqui as the main source of protein. The control diet was formulated using fishmeal as the main source of protein. The 5 experimental diets and the control diet were isocaloric and isonitrogenous. -- The growth experiment used fifteen round concrete tanks (3 for each diet) with 15 fish per tank. Fish were fed twice a day at a rate of 3% of body weight. The fish were weighed every 15 days to determine the amount of food to be given, and to calculate growth parameters such as; average daily gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion rate and protein efficiency rate. Fifteen aquaria were used for the digestibility experiment. Each aquarium was stocked with 5 juvenile tambaqui. Chromic oxide was used as a marker and feces were collected from the bottom of the water column twice daily. -- Results showed that both acid and biological silages had good storage properties. The variations in moisture, protein, lipid and ash between the four silages (formic acid silage stored for 4 and 30 days and biological silage stored for 4 and 30 days), that were included in the fish diets, did not induce any significant change in the amino acid profile of silage diets and the amino acids requirements for tambaqui were met. Although formic acid silage, stored for 4 and 30 days, showed higher protein solubilization and higher levels of free amino acid at the end of the 30 days storage period compared to the biologically fermented silage, there was no significant difference in growth and digestibility between treatments. -- Based on the excellent acceptability of all diets tested by juvenile tambaqui, good protein digestibility and the satisfactory growth performance obtained in this study, we concluded that co-dried tilapia fish silage could be successfully utilized as an alternative protein source for fishmeal in fish diets. In this way, it is possible to utilize processing wastes for producing valuable animal protein and, furthermore, make a contribution to the protection of the environment.


identifier: Kernaghan, Scott <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Kernaghan=3AScott=3A=3A.html>   (1997) He said, she said : how people judge sexual harassment cases in the absence of evidence.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Previous work suggests that judgements of guilt or innocence in cases of sexual harassment are often based on the relative attractiveness of the defendant and the complainant. The present study hypothesized that, in addition to the role of attractiveness, the consistency of the defendant's perceived attitudes with sexual harassment may contribute to these judgements.  In a 2 (accusation/no accusation of sexual harassment) X 2 (defendant's attitudes consistent/not consistent with sexual harassment) between subject's design, 160 undergraduates at Memorial University of Newfoundland rated the likelihood that an undergraduate male student had committed sexual harassment.  Participants also rated their attraction to the target, completed a semantic differential evaluation, and gave estimates of social consequences for the target.  Finally, participants indicated their own position on the attitudes ascribed to the target.  The results indicated that targets holding attitudes consistent with sexual harassment were rated as more likely to be guilty of such behaviour than targets holding attitudes not consistent with sexual harassment.  Participants whose attitudes were similar to the target's attitudes rated him as less likely to have committed sexual harassment.  A consistency model is postulated which may augment the model of relative defendant and complainant attractiveness.


identifier: Kirby, Chris (Christopher) <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Kirby=3AChris_=28Christopher=29=3A=3A.html>   (1998) Generation participation factors and transmission costing.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: At present, the North American electric utility industry is undergoing fundamental changes that will effect the means by which revenues are generated. One of the revenue streams that will gain importance is the transmission line tariff. Re-regulation in this industry will necessitate some means for estimating the contributions made by each system generator to the total power flow in the transmission system in order to approximate the tariff costs in advance. The existing literature dealing with tariff rate design presents only the traditional methods for attributing the current in transmission lines to their sources. One such method is the procedure of performing successive load flow studies. This thesis discusses some of the proposed toll schemes and presents a mathematical derivation for decomposing the total power flow in a transmission line into components attributable to contributing generators. The method is based on the use of the inverse admittance matrix for a system configuration and the results from load flow solutions. It has been successfully applied to a modified standard IEEE 14 bus system in an effort to evaluate its suitability for application to the many proposed tariff schemes that apportion the cost of the physical plant between users. The simulations produce satisfactory results and indicate that this simplified method is suited to the philosophy of the costing methodologies anticipated under the emerging deregulation regime. For its application, the proposed method requires only one load flow solution for the operating point and configuration in question. The technique can be easily incorporated into system planning software as an important feature.


identifier: Stenhouse, Iain J. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Stenhouse=3AIain_J=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1998) Habitat utilization and breeding success of Leach's storm-petrel, Oceanodroma leucorhoa.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: It is generally assumed that individual organisms behave optimally. In terms of habitat utilization, die optimal habitat for any species is that which provides the optimum conditions for survival and reproduction. -- This study compared how Leach's Storm-Petrels, Oceanodroma leucorhoa, utilized forest and open habitat on Great Island, Newfoundland. Specifically, nesting habitats were compared in terms of slope, aspect, and peat compaction. The adaptive significance of habitat utilization was assessed through comparisons of burrow density, the proportions of active and occupied burrows, hatching success, chick growth, breeding success and predation risk. -- Forest and open habitats differed; open habitat had steeper slope and more compact soil than forest, which had deeper peat. Burrow density and activity were greater in forest than open habitat, indicating that Leach's Storm-Petrels actively selected forest over open habitat Clearly, based on area, forest habitat supported a greater number of breeding pairs. Moreover, birds nesting in forest exhibited greater hatching and breeding success than birds nesting in open habitat, thus storm-petrels nesting in forest were disproportionately more productive than storm-petrels nesting in open habitat. -- Avian predation of Leach's Storm-Petrels did not differ between forest and open habitats, but varied seasonally in both. Predation was much reduced in both habitats following the inshore movement of spawning Capelin, Mallotus villosis. -- The terrestrial flora of the habitats utilized by Leach's Storm-Petrels change over time, being influenced by other seabirds (e.g. gulls and puffins on Great Island). Forest habitat is estimated to have decreased by 17 % on Great Island over the past 25 years. Open habitat has been expanding, which will negatively affect the overall productivity of the Leach's Storm-Petrel colony. Generalizations to other Leach's Stonn-Petrel colonies in the northwest Atlantic are also made.


identifier: Pink, Desmond Barry Stephen <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Pink=3ADesmond_Barry_Stephen=3A=3A.html>   (2002) Hepatic zonation of [delta]-pyrroline-5-carboxylate metabolism.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Metabolic zonation in the liver is characterized by a heterogeneous distribution of enzymes along the sinusoids of the liver acinus. Periportal hepatocytes are enriched in enzymes associated with gluconeogenesis, amino acid degradation and urea synthesis. Xenobiotic metabolism, lipogenesis and glutamine synthetase activity occur predominantly in the perivenous cells. The localization of proline oxidase activity has been examined to investigate the zonal implications of P5C metabolism. -- Administration of the hepatotoxins, carbon tetrachloride and bromobenzene, was used to induce damage (in vivo) to the perivenous zone. Allyl alcohol administration was used to damage the periportal zone of the acinus. Alternatively, controlled antegrade and retrograde perfusion of rat liver with digitonin was used to selectively permeabilize cells in the periportal or perivenous zone of the acinus. These techniques were combined with the collagenase method for hepatocyte isolation to provide enriched suspensions of specific hepatocyte populations. The activities of perivenous zone-specific marker enzymes, glutamine synthetase and ornithine aminotransferase, as well as the periportal zone-specific ornithine transcarbamylase were used in conjunction with histological analysis to ascertain the extent of damage. -- Administration of bromobenzene provided strong evidence to suggest a perivenous enrichment of proline oxidase. This result was further substantiated by retrograde digitonin-perfusion. In both instances, cells in the perivenous zone were destroyed and remaining cells demonstrated significantly decreased activities of perivenous zone markers and of proline oxidase. -- The results of the toxin and digitonin experiments have also demonstrated that the (perivenous) zone of proline oxidase enrichment is not as discrete as glutamine synthetase. The zone of positive proline oxidase activity was similar to the zone of positive ornithine aminotransferase activity. -- Proline production from P5C was used to assess the activity of P5C reductase in isolated hepatocytes following either toxin or digitonin treatment. The results indicated that as more of the perivenous region was damaged, proline production increased. Specifically, proline production was highest following bromobenzene intoxication, followed by carbon tetrachloride and allyl alcohol intoxication. These results suggest a periportal enrichment of P5C reductase. Retrograde digitonin-perfusion however, resulted in a significant decrease in proline production, indicative of a perivenous enrichment. -- The utilization of DL-P5C as a substrate for amino acid production was compared in hepatocytes from fed and fasted animals. Following a 48 hour fast, P5C was converted to proline and glutamate equally. In the fed state, P5C was preferentially converted to proline with marginal conversion to glutamate. The production of ornithine from P5C was not observed in either nutritional state.


identifier: Mercer, John <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Mercer=3AJohn=3A=3A.html>   (2001) Generalized maximal independence parameters for trees.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: An independent set I ⊆ V of a graph G = (V.E) is said to be k-maximal if there does not exist two sets X and Y' such that X ⊆ I. Y ⊆ (V - I). |X| < k and (I - X) ∪ Y is an independent set of cardinality larger than |I|. This definition generalizes the traditional concept of maximality of independent sets. -- The problem of finding the smallest k-maximal set for a given graph is NP-hard for many simple classes of graphs, such as the class of bipartite graphs. Here we investigate the MINIMUM k-MAXIMAL INDEPENDENT SET (MIN k-MIS) problem for trees. We characterize the k-maximal independent sets for trees and we present an O(n³) time algorithm for the MIN k-MIS problem under this restriction. We will also show that we can test an independent set for k-maximality in O(n) time for trees.


identifier: Zhu, Shuguang <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Zhu=3AShuguang=3A=3A.html>   (1997) Generation of 1,3-dipoles containing carbon, nitrogen, sulphur and phosphorus.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Most of the known 1,3-dipoles of propargyl-allenyl type (A≡B⁻-C˙) are composed of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen. Very few 1,3-dipoles of this type contain atoms from the third or lower periods. The nitrile sulphide (R-C≡N⁻-S˙), a recently discovered family of 1,3-dipoles, incorporates sulphur in its π manifold. Our attempts to isolate this very reactive intermediate proved that a bulky group, adamantyl (C₁₀H₁₅-), could not appreciably stabilize it. -- Our synthesis of the bis(nitrile sulphides) or their synthetic equivalents started with the adamantyl (1,3-C₁₀H₁₄-) substituent. 1,3-Bis(1’,3’,4’-oxathiazol-2’-one-5'-yl)-adamantane 3-28a, the precursor for the 1,3-bis(nitrile sulphide)-adamantane 3-20a, was prepared and its cycloaddition reactions to DMAD and 1,3-bis(cyano)adamantane were examined. It was found that the bis(nitrile sulphide) 3-20a had a comparable reactivity to that of adamantyl nitrile sulphide 2-6. 1,8-Bis(1’,3’,4'-oxathiazol-2'-one-5’-yl)-octane 3-28b, another precursor for bis(nitrile sulphide) 3-20b, was also prepared but others such as 1,1-bis(1',3',4'-oxathiazoI-2'-one-5'-yl)-methane 3-28c and 1,4-bis(1',3',4'-oxathiazol-2’-one-5’-yl)-benzene 3-28d could not be synthesized from similar reactions of the corresponding amides with CISC(O)CI due to the strong hydrogen bonding existing in the amides. The conjugated phenyl isothiazolyl oxathiazolones 3-41 and 3-42 were synthesized and their cycloaddition reactions to dipolarophiles were examined. The possibility of producing the poly(isothiazoles) from these oxathiazolones will be discussed. -- A novel synthetic route to the precursor, 1,3,4-oxathiazol-2-one, has been discovered. A better starting material, N,O-bis(trimethyIsiIyl)carbonamide 4-7, was used to replace the amide in the reaction to avoid the strong hydrogen bonding. Several oxathiazolones such as 5-methyl-1,3,4-oxathiazol-2-one 4-4a, 5-(4'-biphenyl)-1,3,4-oxathiazol-2-one 4-4c, 1,4-bis(1’,3',4'-oxathiazol-2'-one-5’-yl)-benzene 4-4d and 4,4'-biphenyl-bis(1”,3",4"-oxathiazol-2”-ones) 4-4e were prepared through the new route. -- The reactions of amides 5-21 with C1SC(O)CI were proposed to synthesize the heterocycles 5-22 which were supposed to be the precursors to the new 1,3-dipoles 5-23. The reactions of p-toluenesulfinamide/N,N-bis(trimethylsilyl)-p-toluenesulfinamide 5-24 with CISC(O)CI did not give the expected precursor 5-22 but p-toIuenedisulfide 5-25, p-toluenethiol-p-toluenesulfonate 5-26 and cyanuric acid 5-27. Benzenesulfonamide/p- toluenesulfonamide with CISC(O)CI did not give any product but the amides themselves. A new reaction of adamantyl phosphaalkyne 5-37 with elemental sulphur with or without Et₃N present in toluene was tested for the synthesis of phosphaalkyne sulphide 5-38.


identifier: Robichaud, Dave <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Robichaud=3ADave=3A=3A.html>   (2001) Homing, population structure and management of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), with emphasis on spawning at Bar Haven in Placentia Bay, Newfoundland.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: I have assessed the potential for small-scale population structure within a cod stock on the south cost of Newfoundland, since decreases in productivity can occur if managers fail to match the scale of the management unit to that of the population. A group of cod (Gadus morhua) that spawns at the Bar Haven ground (Placentia Bay. Newfoundland) were studied in detail. I examined the homing of adults, and the retention of spawning products. Over three consecutive spawning seasons, all relocations of spawning cod, tagged acoustically at Bar Haven, were within 10 km of the tagging site, the majority within a few hundred meters. No tagged fish were relocated at other known spawning grounds or elsewhere in the bay. Navigation while homing was most likely towards an omnidirectional attractor at the spawning ground that dissipates with distance, such as a characteristic sound or geophysical signature. Movements during spawning seasons were sex-specific, and suggested that females move in and out of male-dominated spawning aggregations. Local retention of eggs and larvae was observed, but was greater in warmer water, in which eggs and larvae develop faster, thus settling before drifting with currents out of the bay. Given exacting homing, and local retention, there is a strong possibility that population sub-structure exists within Placentia Bay. However, a review of the literature shows that cod migratory behaviour ranges from sedentary to highly migratory, and no behaviour is limited to inshore or offshore environments, or to any part of the North Atlantic range. -- Although management of cod at Bar Haven may benefit from recruitment predictions resulting from simple age 0 cod surveys, predictions more quantitative than a ranking of year-class strengths were complicated by density-dependent site-use. However, important, temporally stable nursery grounds were recognisable within the bay. Acoustic assessment of Bar Haven spawners was complicated by high rates of turnover of individuals within a spawning season. Thus, acoustically determined abundance estimates from serial surveys must be adjusted to account for the proportion of individuals present during more than one survey. -- Overall, I review the diversity of cod migratory behaviours, and illustrate the potential for small-scale population structure, specifically where cod perform precise homing migrations and eggs are retained near spawning areas. I discuss how managers can use information about population structure to hinder local depletions and to help avoid overall reductions in productivity.


identifier: Tucker, Vanessa C. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Tucker=3AVanessa_C=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2002) I really wanted a girl 'cause girl doctors are softer than boys : children's memories and their subsequent health care attitudes.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The present study examined the mediating role of memory within the relationship between experience and children's health care attitudes. Forty-six children between the ages of 6 and 13 years old were recruited from an emergency room and interviewed about their injuries and hospital visits initially and 6 months later. Children were also given a health care attitudes questionnaire at both periods. Children who remembered more about their injuries reported that the health care system was less effective. Children who remembered more about hospital related events reported disliking the health care system more. Changes in children's memory over the two time periods did not relate to changes in children's health care attitudes. Higher levels of distress were found to be related to enhancements in children's memory and more negative health care attitudes initially. Findings suggest that memory for medical experiences may play a minor role in health care attitudes.


identifier: Keppler, Amy <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Keppler=3AAmy=3A=3A.html>   (2001) Heidegger's concept of thinking and its relation to concepts of thanking and the gift.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In his text What Is Called Thinking? Heidegger refers to thinking as thanking and states that thinking is a gift to humankind from Being. Despite Heidegger's insistence that Being is not a being, the language he uses to describe Being appears to characterize Being as a being. Heidegger's insistence that Being is not a being is related to his attempt to step outside of metaphysics, since metaphysics is unable to see the difference between beings and Being, and thereby focuses on beings when it searches for Being. It is not simply that Heidegger's language appears to make Being into a being, but rather that it appears to make Being into God, which Heidegger thinks of as a being. Yet Heidegger's conception of God as a being is limited to the metaphysical conception of God, and, as I will present in my thesis, there is a difference between the metaphysical conception of God, and the God of faith. Thus, it is only the narrowness of Heidegger's conception of God which makes Being into a being. Therefore, if we step outside of the metaphysical understanding of God we see that Being can be thought of as analogous to God, without being thought of as a being. This is precisely what I shall argue in my thesis. -- Along with discussing the analogy between God and Being I will consider whether Heidegger is successful in his attempt to step outside of metaphysics, thereby avoiding the representational and subjectivist thinking metaphysics entails. It is the language Heidegger uses in describing man's relation to Being that suggest an analogy between God and Being. Yet this analogy presents the possibility that Heidegger is able to think Being through faith in much the same way that other thinkers within the metaphysical tradition think of God. Furthermore, Heidegger appears to be trapped by a language that is inherently metaphysical, yet he attempts to escape this language by resorting to a phenomenology based on faith and poetry.  In this thesis I will explore Heidegger's conception of thinking as he presents it in What Is Called Thinking?, and argue that the language Heidegger uses to describe Being make Being analogous to God. Following from this I will examine the implication of this analogy on Heidegger's attempt to step outside of metaphysics.


identifier: Davis, Reade <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Davis=3AReade=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Gambling on the future : video lottery terminals and social change in rural Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis explores the roles played by video lottery terminals (VLTs) in the lives of twenty- five regular gamblers living in a rural, fishery-dependent region of eastern Newfoundland. The introduction of VLTs into these communities occurred during a particularly dynamic historical period. The sudden availability of electronic gambling machines in clubs throughout the province during the early 1990s coincided closely with the federal government's declaration of a moratorium on the fishery for northern cod, the economic staple of the region. The restructuring of social and economic life that was induced by the fishery closure, and the resulting compensation programs, helped to create conditions in which the playing of VLTs assumed tremendous importance in the lives of certain area residents. These changes, in conjunction with a long history of economic dependency, stimulated the development of a distinct set of values which influenced the ways in which players learned to relate to each other, and to the machines.


identifier: Crane, Sheldon N. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Crane=3ASheldon_N=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Geminal acylation of ketones and acetals : use of methyl-substituted analogues of 1,2-bis[trimethylsilyl(oxy)]cyclobutene and application of this methodology in model studies aimed toward an enantioselective synthesis of the antitumor antibiotic fredericamycin A.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The BF₃.Et₂O-catalyzed geminal acylation of ketones and acetals with 3-methyl-1,2-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)cyclobutene (3) provided methylcyclopentanediones in yields that ranged from 40 to 94%. The best substrates were unhindered cyclohexanones. With acetals, stereochemical preferences in the initial Mukaiyama-like aldol step giving cyclobutanones translated into the stereochemistry of the ultimate cyclopentanedione products. With ketones, equilibration of the initial cyclobutanone compounds resulted in cyclopentanedione products with a different stereochemical preference. The gem-dimethyl cyclobutene reagent 4 reacted with ketones to give gem-dimethylcyclopentanediones in modest yield. The process was much more stereochemically efficient than the reaction with 3. Rearrangement from the initial cyclobutanone compound was partially diverted towards air-sensitive 3-furanone compounds and ring-opened 1,2-diones. Use of BCI₃ as the Lewis acid in reactions of ketones with 4 inhibited cyclobutanone equilibration by formation of five-membered borate-containing compounds. Conversion to the corresponding diol cyclobutanones with hydrofluoric acid and thence to dimethylcyclopentanediones with trifluoroacetic acid provided dimethylcyclopentanediones in synthetically acceptable yields. -- Treatment of aromatic ketones with 1,2-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)cyclobutene 1 or its methylated analogues 3 and 4 in the presence of BF₃.Et₂O smoothly led to products of geminal acylation, i.e., 2,2-disubstituted 1,3-cyclopentanedione derivatives. Yields ranged from 42 to 76%. Minor products (up to 27%) were lactones that are proposed to have arisen by an alternate rearrangement pathway from a common cyclobutanone intermediate. -- Since its discovery in 1981, the antitumor antibiotic fredericamycin A (91) has been the subject of extensive synthetic efforts focused mainly on construction of its spiro-1,3-cyclopentanedione subunit.  Six total syntheses of 91 in racemic form have been reported. An asymmetric synthesis of fredericamycin A was accomplished only very recently. We have devised a potentially enantioselective route to fredericamycin A relying on precedents set in our laboratory for the construction of spiro-1,3-cyclopentanediones and their reduction in an enantioselective manner by Baker's yeast. The naphthoquinone portion of 91 was to be constructed by a silicon-tethered photochemical [2+2] cycloaddition or alternatively an intermolecular Diels-Alder reaction. The isoquinoline fragment was to be introduced using a Beckmann rearrangement strategy. A review of the literature dealing with 91 and the results of our own preliminary studies directed toward an enantioselective synthesis of this interesting molecule are presented.


identifier: Barry, Irene Doyle <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Barry=3AIrene_Doyle=3A=3A.html>   (1999) Student and faculty readiness for distance education.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: As distance education enters the mainstream of higher learning, educators must not only adapt to changing technology but must also recognize and promote it as a quality alternative to traditional classroom learning. Outcome measurement including academic achievement and student satisfaction supports the expanding role of distance education as a viable and rewarding choice for learners. This paper folio explores student readiness for distance education and the importance of faculty preparation and support, typical characteristics of today's distance learner, as well as distance education's unique fulfillment of adult learning theories. Because of the distinctive characteristics of the province as well as a superlative access to the newest technological advances, institutions delivering the Bachelor of Nursing Collaborative Program in Newfoundland and Labrador are well placed to offer a world-class distance education program. Distance education is envisioned as an agent for change, expansion, and diversity in the nursing program, particularly as it responds to the educational needs of adult learners.


identifier: Sun, Lihui <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Sun=3ALihui=3A=3A.html>   (1998) Synthesis and reactivity of some Co-, P-Chiral Co(III) complexes.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Chiral phosphorus compounds have attracted research interest due to their biological activity and potential applications. Asymmetric synthesis of chiral phosphorus compounds via transition-metal-mediated (TMM) chemistry, with its possibility to modify reaction conditions and to control stereochemistry of phosphorus through coordination, holds promise as a synthetic avenue for synthesis of new phosphorus materials. This thesis focuses on a novel method to synthesize chiral pentavalent phosphorus compounds via optical induction from transition metal complexes and examines the chemistry of the resulting inorganometallic phosphorus moieties for further transformations. -- Three series of Co-, P-chiral Co(III) complexes are synthesized via transition- metal-mediated (TMM) Arbuzov reactions. The structures and spectroscopic properties are described and the reactivity of the synthesized chiral phosphonate moieties are examined. Unlike their organic analogs, the inorganometallic phosphonates are inert to nucleophiles. Reaction with PCl₅or SOCl₂ under prolonged heating cleaves the Co-P bond. In the presence of BCI₃, the perfluoro-substituted P- phosphito Co(III) complex reacts with the nucleophile to give a novel product, which involves C-F bond cleavage. -- The LUMOs of the inorganometallic phosphonates and their organic analogs are analysed at the Hückel level. The LUMOs of the inorganometallic phosphonates are metal-based while those of their organic analogs are dominated by the orbitals of phosphorus centre. The shift of the LUMO from phosphorus to metal explains the behavioural difference between organic and inorganometallic pentavalent phosphorus compounds.