identifier: Alam, Md. Rabiul <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Alam=3AMd=2E_Rabiul=3A=3A.html>   (2005) Experimental and numerical investigations of impact splitting of naturally bedded layered slate rock.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In this thesis investigation, experimental and numerical studies were carried out to determine the axial impact splitting loads and the splitting process of naturally bedded layered slate rocks. This effort was undertaken to examine an alternate slate mining procedure so that the wastage in slate can be reduced from the present-day 95%. This was the first effort made in the use of this procedure for slate excavation. -- Experimental impact forces were determined by carrying out splitting tests on different sizes of slate blocks from small to intermediate scales, using a hydraulic actuator with a wedge-shaped indenter in the laboratory. Generally the slate blocks split parallel to their natural bedding planes, exhibiting clean and even split faces. Thus the use of this procedure for slate mining will minimize the damage produced by the use of optimum explosives; this reduction in wastage has been approximately estimated to be nearly 20% to 25% less than the present-day 95%. It has been observed in some cases that breaking loads were not consistent with the sizes of blocks (probably due to the presence of preexisting flaws within the block). Some of the larger blocks needed lesser loads to break than those found for relatively smaller blocks. -- Numerical analyses were carried out to predict the impact splitting loads required to split a finite sized layered slate rock based on the observed mechanism of plane crack propagation in plane strain and three-dimensional slate blocks, obtained from impact splitting of slate blocks in the laboratory. In order to characterize the material for numerical analysis, properties of the slate material, such as elastic moduli, Poisson's ratio, compressive and tensile strengths, coefficient of friction (between slate and steel), plane strain fracture toughness, hardness, crack propagation velocity etc., were determined after carrying out extensive experimental investigations. The experimental values obtained in this study were generally within the ranges specified for slates of other origins. It must also be mentioned here that the results presented in this thesis on the physical and mechanical properties of slate are the first study carried out on slates of Newfoundland origin. -- ABAQUS finite element software was used to simulate the entire wedge impact splitting process during numerical analysis. Mode I (plane strain opening mode) dynamic crack propagation was simulated numerically by the sequential releasing of the restraining node on the symmetric plane of the analyzed specimen. Mode I stress intensity factors (KI) were determined for different crack lengths and two types of crack propagation velocities. It was found that the crack propagation velocities had little (less than 10%) or almost no effect on the variation of the mode I stress intensity factors (SIPs). The possibility of crack propagation was determined by comparing KI with the plane strain fracture toughness (KIC). For a chosen slate block, the mode I stress intensity factor was obtained to be almost the same as its fracture toughness, when the experimental impact splitting load was applied on it. Also in a three-dimensional splitting scenario, a parabolic crack front was required to model an equal fracture toughness (or stress intensity factor) value all along the crack front. -- Numerical results on the effect of size of the specimen (width and depth) on the mode I stress intensity factor were also examined and a correlation equation was established between the mode I stress intensity factor, splitting force and plane strain geometry of the slate block. Breaking loads calculated using the correlation equation for plane strain fracture toughness were compared with those obtained from experimental work. The differences between the numerical and experimental impact forces were found to vary between +0.78 to -32.34%. A field problem, considering the separation of a large sized slate slab from its intact state, was also analyzed numerically. The breaking load obtained from this study was compared with those obtained from the developed correlation equation. A good agreement (difference was less than 15%) was obtained between them. A discussion is also given concerning the possible reduction of wastage by the use of this process as a slate mining procedure.


identifier: Alcock, Erin K. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Alcock=3AErin_K=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2005) Change in trophic structure of a shelf ecosystem in the northwest Atlantic during a period of increased fishing pressure.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

type: Thesis NonPeerReviewed

abstract: Multi-species and ecosystem modelling are increasingly touted as essential approaches in the future of fisheries management. These methodologies can involve the amalgamation of data on the landings, biomass, consumption, production, and diets of many species or species groups in current time, the future and in the re-examination of the past. The Ecopath approach was used to construct two mass balance ecosystem models for the southern Labrador Shelf, Northeast Newfoundland Shelf and Grand Bank in Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organisation (NAFO) Divisions 2J+ 3KLNO the first for the time period 1954-1956 and the second for 1968-1970. Our models increased the temporal resolution of ecosystem models developed by The Fisheries Centre at the University of British Columbia. The start (1950s) and rapid expansion (1960s) of industrial harvesting by factory freezer trawlers during these time periods resulted in massive increases in fishing effort, the total catch increased by 30%, and there was extensive spatial intensification and expansion, particularly on the Labrador Shelf. Biomass declines in adult and juvenile Atlantic cod, harp seals, and their main prey species capelin and sandlance were evident. A change in predator/prey relationships between the two time periods was expected, but not found. An increase in the biomass of some invertebrate species groups was expected, but not evident, possibly due to sparse historical data. System ratios and indicators pointed to the latter ecosystem as nearer to a state of being 'fished down', perhaps indicating the onset of the trophic shift evident in the late 1980s and 1990s.


identifier: Al-Dukhi, Salah E. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Al-Dukhi=3ASalah_E=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2006) Hexabenzocoronenes as potential precursors to aromatic belts.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis has no abstract.


identifier: Alexandrou, Elena <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Alexandrou=3AElena=3A=3A.html>   (2004) High level medium chain triglyceride feeding, energy expenditure and substrate oxidation in college-aged, non-obese women.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis assessed how short term feeding of high levels of dietary medium triglyceride (MCT) affected energy expenditure and postprandial substrate oxidation rates in females. Eight healthy, non-obese (BMI = 21.5 ± 0. 7 kg/m2), college aged (22.6 ± 0.5y) volunteers were fed both a MCT-rich and an isocaloric LCT-rich diet for two 1 week periods separated by 14 d. The energy content in each diet was 45% carbohydrates, 40% fat and 15% protein. The 2 diets had either 60.81% or 1.11% of total fat energy from MCT with the remaining fat energy intake from LCT. On days 1 and 7 of each diet, basal metabolic rate (BMR) and postprandial energy expenditure (PEE) were measured by indirect calorimetry with a ventilated hood. Results on days 1 and 7 showed no significant differences between diets for BMR or mean PEE. Fat oxidation for the MCT-rich diet was significantly greater (0.0001≤ p ≤ 0.04) than that for the LCT-rich diet at different time points across the 5.5 h postprandial period both on day 1 and 7 of feeding. It followed that postprandial carbohydrate oxidation rates on days 1 and 7 were significantly lower (0.0005 ≤ p ≤ 0.03) for the MCT-rich vs. the LCT-rich diet. In conclusion, relative to values for a LCT-rich diet, a MCT-rich diet gave a significantly increased postprandial fat oxidation rate but no effect on BMR or mean PEE. The results support that increasing proportions of MCT in the diet may help give a negative fat balance for women.


identifier: Algharaibeh, Zaher Abdelgader <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Algharaibeh=3AZaher_Abdelgader=3A=3A.html>   (2013) Modification of carbon electrode materials with anthraquinone and dihydroxybenzene functionalities for supercapacitors.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The main purpose of this thesis was to study the modification of carbon materials with anthraquinone (AQ) and dihydroxybenzene (DHB) functionalities, via diazonium chemistry and electrochemical oxidative polymerization of their amines, and to examine their usefulness as new electrode materials for supercapacitor applications. -- High surface area carbon materials have been widely used as electrode materials for supercapacitors. They store charges primarily through an electrostatic double layer charging mechanism which limits their energy density. The need for cost effective supercapacitors with high power and energy densities is crucial for many potential new applications. -- Modified electrodes were investigated by one or more of the following techniques: cyclic voltammetry, galvanic cycling, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis. -- The performances of the supercapacitors were evaluated by cyclic voltarnmetry and constant current discharging chronopotentiometry. Ragone plots were used to determine energy and power densities. -- Various diazonium coupling approaches were successfully implemented to attach anthraquinone, 3,4-dihydroxybenzene and 3,4-dimethoxybenzene to different types of carbon electrode materials including carbon fabric (Spectrocarb 2225), Vulcan XC72, Black Pearls 2000 and glassy carbon. -- AQ modified carbon fabric was used as a negative electrode with Ru oxide as a positive electrode in a 1 M H₂SO₄ (aq) asymmetric supercapacitor. Better energy and power densities were achieved from this device using 64% less Ru compared to an expensive symmetric Ru oxide device of the same mass as a result of the extended cell voltage and the higher specific capacitance that the AQ modification provides. Replacing the Ru oxide electrode with DHB modified carbon fabric electrode resulted in doubling the energy densities compared to the symmetric unmodified carbon fabric device. -- An electrochemical oxidative polymerization approach was successfully used to prepare the following conducting polymers; poly(l-aminoanthraquinone ), poly( anilineco-1-aminoanthraquinone), poly( dimethoxyaniline) on carbon electrodes. -- Interestingly, poly(l-aminoanthraquinone) films prepared from 6 M H₂SO₄ (aq) solution showed unusual electrochemical behaviour. These films were extensively studied by cyclic voltarnmetry and impedance spectroscopy and it was found that the AQ electrochemical activity was strongly affected by the conductivity of the polyaniline-like backbone. Accordingly, a charge trapping phenomenon was recognized.


identifier: Ali, Kashif <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Ali=3AKashif=3A=3A.html>   (2007) An algorithm to analyze substitution permutation network resistance to linear and differential cryptanalysis.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In this thesis, we propose a practical novel algorithm, called the Two-Round Iterative (TRI) algorithm that analyzes the block cipher structure referred to as a Substitution Permutation Network (SPN). The algorithm characterizes the resistance of the cipher to linear cryptanalysis and differential cryptanalysis. By finding the best of close to best linear approximation and differential characteristics of the cipher, the algorithm can be used to find the number of plaintext/ciphertext pairs required to mount either attack on the cipher successfully. An important feature of the algorithm is that the complexity of algorithm is linear in terms of number of rounds and hence is able to give results in practical time. -- In this thesis, the algorithm has been applied to 16-bit ciphers to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm in finding optimal linear biases and differential probabilities. Further, it is applied to realistic 64-bit ciphers based on 8X8 and 4X4 S-boxes that possess good cryptographic properties. In addition to the TRI algorithm, we have also developed two algorithms that are guaranteed to find the optimal linear approximation and differential characteristic and applied them to 16-bit ciphers in order to examine the TRI algorithm efficiency and effectiveness. It is shown that the TRI algorithm is effective in finding the best or close to the best linear approximation and differential characteristic and the corresponding linear bias and differential probability.  Also the TRI algorithm can be practically applied to realistically sized cipher (e.g. 64-bits) where the other algorithms are too inefficient to be practical. Experimental data is presented in the form of figures and tables which demonstrate the usefulness of the TRI algorithm in characterizing the security level of realistic SPN block ciphers.


identifier: Alimuzzaman, Mohammed <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Alimuzzaman=3AMohammed=3A=3A.html>   (2013) Power performance investigation and control system design of grid-connected small wind turbines.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In this research, the power performance of three grid-connected small wind was investigated. Two small wind turbines were tested in a number of load conditions and test data were collected for approximately two months. Data was analyzed for active power, power factor and reactive power. Results indicate that the type of local load does not significantly affect the power curve of a small wind turbine. It was also observed that above 15% of rated power, the power factor of a grid-connected small wind turbine was almost constant. -- In the second stage of this research, another small vertical axis wind turbine was tested and data was analyzed. A maximum power point tracking (MPPT) table for optimal operation of a small vertical axis wind turbine was derived mathematically and verified by simulation model. The derived MPPT table was programmed in an inverter; the wind turbine was tested and data was logged for more than three months. The power curve from the logged data was produced and compared with the manufacturer’s power curves of the turbine. -- At the last stage of this research, a Matlab simulation model of a grid-connected 1.1 kW wind turbine system was developed along with active and reactive power control system. The supplied reactive power from the wind turbine was controlled by changing the phase angle of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) in the wind turbine inverter. A proportional controller was used to maintain the reactive power supplied by the wind turbine. On the other hand, a PI controller was used to maintain the wind turbine operation at an optimum tip speed ratio to extract maximum power from the wind. The simulation results confirm that the designed system is able to control the wind turbine and capable of providing the required reactive power.


identifier: Al-Jararha, Mohammadkheer M. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Al-Jararha=3AMohammadkheer_M=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2011) Age-structured population dynamics: age-dependent diffusion and death rates, and their applications to the cell population.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Please see thesis for abstract.


identifier: Almatarneh, Mansour Hussein <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Almatarneh=3AMansour_Hussein=3A=3A.html>   (2007) Computational study of the deamination reaction of cytosine.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The decomposition reaction of formamidine yielding hydrogen cyanide and ammonia has been studied first as a simple model for the intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen rearrangement of cytosine. The gas phase decomposition of formamidine predicted a high activation energy of 259 kJ mol⁻¹ at the G3 level of theory. Adding one and two water molecules catalysed the reaction by forming a cyclic hydrogen bonded transition state, reducing the barrier to 169 and 151 kJ mol⁻¹ at the G3 level, respectively. The PCM solvent model predicts a significant lowering of the free energy of activation. -- The mechanism for the deamination reaction of cytosine with H₂O, OH-, and H₂O/OH- to produce uracil was investigated using ab initio (HF and MP2) levels and B3LYP DFT calculations. All pathways in the cytosine deamination produce an initial tetrahedral intermediate followed by several conformational changes. The final intermediate for all pathways dissociates to products via a 1 - 3 proton shift. Two pathways for the deamination reaction of cytosine with H₂O and OH- were found. The activation energy for the rate determining steps of deamination of cytosine with H₂O for pathways A and Bare 221 and 260 kJ mol⁻¹ at the G3MP2 level of theory, respectively. The deamination of cytosine with H₂O by either pathway is therefore unlikely because of the high barriers involved. Deamination with OH⁻ through pathway C resulted in the lowest activation energy, 203 kJ mol⁻¹ at the G3MP2 level of theory. -- The deamination with H₂O/OH- and 2H₂O/OH- in which the water molecules acted as a solvent and a catalyst was also investigated. Seven pathways for the deamination reaction for these systems were found. We found that the barrier for the water-mediated 1-3 proton shift is reduced by 46 kJ mol⁻¹ at the G3MP2 level of theory. We also found that the addition of the second water molecule reduces the barriers for both rate-determining steps by 31 kJ mol⁻¹. The activation energy for the rate-determining step, the formation of tetrahedral intermediate for pathway D is 115 kJ mol⁻¹ at the G3MP2 level of theory, in excellent agreement with the experimental value. This work shows, for the first time, a plausible mechanism for the deamination of cytosine and accounts for the observed experimental activation energy (117 ± 4 kJ mol⁻¹)


identifier: Almatarneh, Rabie K. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Almatarneh=3ARabie_K=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2010) The performance of OFDMA wireless systems using PF scheduling.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) has gained a lot of attention from many researchers of wireless communications. OFDMA represents a promising multiple access scheme for high-data rate transmission over wireless channels as it combines the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) modulation and flexible and effective subcarrier allocation [1]. OFDMA inherits the favourable OFDM prosperities of high immunity to the multi-path fading and inter-symbol interference [2]-[3]. -- One main aspect related to OFDMA is scheduling. Scheduling in OFDMA systems is expected to manage multiple frequency subbands over time to deliver service to the system's users with specific quality requirements. Data rate, throughput, and fairness among users are key factors that specify how efficient a scheduling solution is. The Proportional Fair (PF) algorithm is an appealing scheduling scheme to improve the fairness among users without sacrificing the efficiency in terms of average throughput of the system [4]. -- This thesis focuses on OFDMA systems that utilize the PF algorithm to schedule the available time and frequency resources among users. The thesis studies the performance of OFDMA scheduling in terms of the throughput, fairness, and packet delay using computer simulations and analysis. -- Two dimensional (frequency and time) scheduling algorithms based on the PF algorithm are proposed, evaluated using computer simulations. The proposed solutions utilize the PF criterion to achieve high system throughput while maintaining fairness among users in the system. In order to support multimedia bursty traffic, our solutions allow frequency domain sharing so that more than one user can share a subband in each time frame, where a subband is formulated by grouping a number of subcarriers. We compare the performance of the proposed solutions with other candidate OFDMA scheduling algorithms in the literature. Results show that the proposed schemes outperform the other schemes in terms of the throughput and packet delay with comparable fairness performance. -- It is worth mentioning that, to the best of our knowledge, the performance of PF scheduling scheme for OFDMA systems is not determined analytically in previous work available in the literature, and it is usually found by simulations only. Hence, we analyze the proposed PF scheduling schemes for OFDMA systems and evaluate its performance analytically. We derive closed-form expressions for the average throughput, throughput fairness index, and packet end-to-end delay. Computer simulations are used for verification. It is found that the analytical results agree very well with the results from simulations, which verifies the correctness and accuracy of the analytical solution. In our opinion, deriving analytical expressions that reflect the performance of the PF scheduling algorithm is a significant contribution because it provides deeper insight and ameliorates the understanding of the PF scheduling algorithm behaviour and mechanism for OFDMA systems. This facilitates the process of pursuing future work and further studying and developing more efficient solution for OFDMA systems.


identifier: Almon, Mary Patricia <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Almon=3AMary_Patricia=3A=3A.html>   (1988) Study of activity, social interaction and sleep in a captive breeding colony of harbour seals.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Because harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) spend more than half their life at sea, researchers have not been able to observe much of their behaviour. The present study of a captive breeding colony of harbour seals explored the relationship between activity, social interaction, and sleep. Activity patterns for all five animals varied over the season ( July 27, 1986 to October 25, 1986) as well as during the day. Adult animals were significantly more active than younger animals. A circadian activity rhythm was found in all seals with most activity occurring during the day. Although the animals in this study were given free access to food, the daily amount they ate varied over the season. As activity increased for both adult males, food consumption decreased. The female and younger animals showed no such activity changes as a function of appetite. -- Copulation was witnessed on three occasions in August. Prior to mating, both adult males engaged in flipperslapping and bubbleblowing. After mating, these behaviours rarely occurred. The use of “space” by both adult males was restricted before mating but this disappeared after mating was over. Sleep varied over the observation period. No sleep was observed in any seal before mating, however, a marked increase occurred after the mating period. No significant differences were found between animals with respect to sleep in the water, however differences did occur between seals sleeping on land. Scanning only occurred on land, never in the water. Individual differences in scanning rates were found among animals.


identifier: Al-Saraierh, Hassan <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Al-Saraierh=3AHassan=3A=3A.html>   (2007) Synthesis of new Calix[4]arenes and Calix[4]naphthalenes via Sonogashira reactions, photochemically-induced reactions and [2+2] fragment condensation reactions.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Calixarenes are macrocyclic compounds which can be produced with different sizes and functionalities. They are mainly synthesized by 'one-pot' base-induced condensation reactions of the corresponding phenol(s) with paraformaldehyde. For example, the most accessible and commonly-used calixarene, tetra-p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene is produced by such a reaction, of p-tertbutylphenol with para-formaldehyde. The well-defined "calix"- or "cup"-like shape in most of these compounds have made them attractive targets for host-guest and/or supramolecular studies and many other applications. -- The work described in this thesis concerns the synthesis and a study of the properties of some new modified calix[4]arenes and calix[4]naphthalenes which were synthesized using different methods. Among the topics dealt with are the following: (a) An attempt to develop a new methodology for the wide-rim modification of calix[4]naphthalene by using a suitably pre-functionalized precursor. (b) The synthesis of a new thiophene-based calix[4]arene using [2+2] fragment condensation reactions. (c) The synthesis of a new member of the homooxacalix[4]naphthalene family using [2+2] fragment condensation reactions. (d) The ability to modify the dimensions of the cavity of a calix[4]naphthalene by extending the bridging units with (-CH₂-CH₂-) and/or (-CH₂-O-CH₂-) groups. -- The narrow-rim hydroxyl groups of calixarenes are known to be resistant to substitution displacement. The Sonogashira coupling reaction with trimethylsilylacetylene and phenylacetylene, however, has now been extended to trimethylsilylacetylene and phenylacetylene, however, has now been extended to the bistriflate of p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene, previously known to be resistant to Stille, Neigishi, or Suzuki-Miyaura reactions. Under some of the reaction conditions investigated, the previously unknown narrow-rim mono- and diiodo-p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene products were also produced, in addition to the targeted narrow-rim mono- and dialkynyl products. Homocoupling of the narrow rim monoethynyl-p-tert-butyl-calix[4]arene produced a new narrow-rim rigid butadiyne-linked bis-p-tert-butylcalix[4 ]arene. --  Finally, the syntheses of several new donor-acceptor narrow-rim functionalized alkynylcalix[4]arenes, and their potential in nonlinear optical materials are described.


identifier: Al-Taamneh, Ranyah <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Al-Taamneh=3ARanyah=3A=3A.html>   (2011) An empirical and theoretical investigation of the factors influencing Newfoundland and Labrador's post-secondary instructors' decisions to adopt web 2.0 technologies.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study replicated the 2008 research of Ajjan and Hartshorne (1) to assess post-secondary instructors' awareness of the benefits of using Web 2.0 technologies in their classrooms instruction; (2) to investigate factors that influence post-secondary instructors' decisions to adopt Web 2.0 technologies to support classroom instruction using the Decomposed Theory of Planned Behaviour (DTPB). -- A sample of 160 post-secondary instructors working in public colleges (College of North Atlantic) in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, were asked to fill out a web-based questionnaire. A path analysis model was applied to test the research hypothesis -- Consistent with Ajjan and Hartshorne's (2008) research, this study found that although the post-secondary instructors were aware of the educational benefits of using Web 2.0 technologies in their classrooms instruction, few of them frequently use Web 2.0 technologies in their classroom. As well, it was found that behavioral intention, attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, usefulness, ease of use, compatibility, superior influence, student influence, and self-efficacy were significant predictors of post-secondary instructors' usage of Web 2.0 technologies, while peer influence, technology, and resource conditions were not.


identifier: Alvari, Reza <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Alvari=3AReza=3A=3A.html>   (2012) A study of flow rate effects in drilling with embedded diamond coring bits, and the commissioning of a cerchar rock abrasivity tester.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The research is composed of two separate efforts. First, a study of the effect of flow rate of drilling fluid on the drilling performance of two-inch coring bits; and second, the commissioning of equipment for the CERCHAR rock abrasiveness test. CERCHAR is a standard test to determine a measure of rock abrasiveness based on the wear flat that the rock produces on the tip of a scratching tool. -- In the drilling tests the primary variables were the flow rate and weight on bit and also the drilling modes (vibration assisted and conventional). The bits were impregnated diamond coring bits and wear measurements were based on both microscopic photos of the bit surface and the diamonds and on the weight loss of the tool. The results show an overall increase of the rate of penetration for vibration assisted drilling compared to conventional drilling and also the boosting the effect of the flow rate on this increase in the rate of penetration. -- A previously constructed CERCHAR testing facility was commissioned, including the determination of the appropriate heat treatment of the tool steel chosen for the styli. The effect on the CECHAR Abrasiveness Index (CAl) of stylus hardness within the range of hardness of ±2HRC about the hardness stipulated in the standard is within the confidence limits for a CAl determination.


identifier: Alves, Tarcisio <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Alves=3ATarcisio=3A=3A.html>   (2003) The effects of early weaning on the behaviour, growth and survival of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and fat snook (Centropomus parallelus) larvae.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Live food production is one of the most costly activities during the intensive culture of the larval stages of marine fish. But the culture of marine fish larvae requires extensive use of live food to produce healthy larvae. However, the process of weaning larvae from a live to a dry diet results in loss of growth and increased in mortality. Combining live feed and manufactured diets (co-feeding) at an early developmental stage has been shown to improve growth and survival of larvae compared to the use of live feed only. Moreover, it helps to condition the larvae to more easily accept the manufactured diet when live feed is withdrawn, resulting in a shorter weaning period. -- In this thesis, I conducted weaning trial~ to improve the larviculture protocols of two marine species, the Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua), a temperate marine species, and Fat Snook (Centropomus parallelus), a tropical marine fish. Several combinations of live and inert food were examined as feeding protocols, to determine the earliest point at which larvae of these species can be successfully weaned from Artemia onto a dry diet. -- Two weaning experiments were conducted with Atlantic cod larvae. In the first experiment, 25 day post hatch (DPH) larvae were assigned to one of four treatments using Artemia as live food for 3, 5, or 10 days and a treatment without Artemia (larvae co-fed with rotifers for 7 days). By 45 DPH, larvae reared with Artemia for 10 days had significantly (P<0.05) better growth, had the highest survival and ingested more dry food pellets compared to all other treatments. In the second experiment, three treatments were developed in which larvae were co-fed with dry diet and Artemia on 25, 30 and 35 DPH for 10 days. A fourth treatment was assigned as a control in which larvae were fed only Artemia. Weaning age did not significantly (P>0.05) affect either growth or survival of larvae. However, larvae in the control treatment were larger and had a significantly (P<0.05) higher frequency of Artemia ingestion. Results from both experiments indicate that Atlantic cod larvae can be completely weaned by 35 DPH. -- Feeding trials were conducted with fat snook larvae. Fat snook larvae of30 DPH were assigned to five feeding trials in which larvae received Artemia for 5, 10 and 15 days (co-fed with a locally prepared dry diet), Artemia for 10 days (co-fed with a commercial dry diet), and only Artemia (control treatment). Larval survival was not significantly affected (P>0.05) by treatment. Fat snook larvae were successfully weaned by 35 DPH, but larvae weaned by 40 DPH displayed higher growth rates and were significantly (P<0.05) larger by the end of the experiment. There were no significant differences in any growth parameter between larvae weaned by 40 and 45 DPH. However, comparisons between treatments using different dry diets revealed a significant difference (P<0.05) in the frequency of dry diet ingestion, although it did not influence the growth of larvae. -- The results of the present study will benefit the intensive culture of both species, sharpening the current larviculture protocols and lowering costs on its large scale production.


identifier: Ambigaipalan, Priyatharini <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Ambigaipalan=3APriyatharini=3A=3A.html>   (2013) Structural changes within the amorphous and crysalline domains of c-type starches subjected to heat moisture treatment at different temperatures.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The structure (granular, supramolecular, molecular) and physicochemical properties of starches isolated from newly introduced Canadian cultivars of faba bean (FB), black bean (BB) and pinto bean (PB) were examined. The structure and physicochemical properties were determined by microscopy, High performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD), Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (A TR-FTIR), Wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXS), ¹³C cross polarization magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (¹³C CP/MAS NMR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Rapid visco analyzer (RVA), susceptibility towards enzyme and acid hydrolysis and turbidity. FB starches exhibited cracked granules, whereas the surface of PB and BB starches showed no evidence of cracks or indentations. All starches exhibited a 'C' type X-ray pattern. Molecular order near the granule surface followed the order: BB~PB>FB. Differences in amylopectin chain length distribution among FB, BB and PB starches and among cultivars were marginal. FB starches significantly (P<0.05) differed from BB and PB starches with respect to amylose leaching, swelling factor, gelatinization temperatures, enthalpy of gelatinization, susceptibility towards acid hydrolysis and nutritional fractions. Retrogradation characteristics of FB, BB and PB starches monitored by turbidity, FTIR, DSC, ¹³C CP/MAS NMR and X-ray followed the order: FB>BB~PB, PB>BB>FB, PB~BB~FB, PB~BB~FB and PB~BB~FB, respectively. Retrograded FB starches were hydrolyzed by α-amylase to a greater extent than BB and PB (BB>PB) starches.


identifier: Amini, Peyvand <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Amini=3APeyvand=3A=3A.html>   (2013) Association of grelin and peptide YY with insulin resistance and bone density in the Newfoundland population.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Ghrelin and Peptide YY (PYY) are two important gut hormones involved in the regulation of food intake and energy homeostasis. Recently, data mainly from in vitro and animal models have suggested that these hormones may play a role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis and bone density. However, previous human studies were performed on a small sample size, and their results are inconclusive. Moreover, important confounding factors were not controlled in these studies. -- In the first project, I addressed the association of circulating ghrelin with insulin resistance. A total of 2082 subjects from the Complex Diseases in the Newfoundland population: Environment and Genetics (CODING) study, participated in this investigation. Partial correlation analyses revealed that circulating ghrelin had significant inverse associations with insulin level and insulin resistance indices in the entire cohort (insulin: r = -0.09, p < 0.001 ; HOMA-IR: r = -0.08, p < 0.001 ; HOMA-β: r = -0.1 , p < 0.001 ; and QUICKI: r = 0.08, p < 0.001) and also in men and women separately. These correlations were independent of age, percentage of trunk fat, and HDL-cholesterol. -- In the second project, I investigated the relationship between circulating ghrelin and PYY and bone density using the same cohort, by controlling major confounding factors: age, BMI, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and smoking. A total of 2257 adult subjects were recruited in this study. Our results suggest a beneficial effect of circulating ghrelin level on bone density indices (L2-L4 BMD, L2-L4 Z-score, femoral neck BMD, femoral neck Z-score, total hip BMD, and total hip Z-score) in women. This effect was independent of the major confounding factors. However, we did not find evidence that PYY is significantly associated with the bone density parameters.


identifier: Amoah, Nelson <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Amoah=3ANelson=3A=3A.html>   (1993) Viscoelastic response of flexible pavements under moving dynamic loads.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study proposes a mechanistic design model that analyzes the structural performance of flexible pavements under moving dynamic loads generated by heavy vehicles. It assumes a linear viscoelastic behavior of flexible pavements. The model expands the framework formulated by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) for the mechanistic design program called VESYS. It applies Boltzman's superposition principle to translate the pavement response from a stationary load to pavement response from a moving load of time-dependent amplitude. Experimental dynamic load data obtained using the instrumented vehicle developed by the National Research Council of Canada (NRCC) are used as input in the model. -- The variable dynamic responses along the longitudinal axis of the pavement are translated into fatigue cracking and rutting by assuming spatial repeatability of the dynamic loads. The 90th percentile of the cumulative damage values is assumed to represent the overall damage of pavement section. This damage value is then compared with the damage caused by moving loads of constant magnitude (static) through a relationship called Pavement Life Ratio (PLR). This is defined as the ratio of the accumulated number of load repetitions to failure due to static load divided by repetitions to failure due to dynamic loads. -- Furthermore, the model is used to investigate the performance of two suspension types (Air and Rubber) on three types of flexible pavements with different structural strengths. The effects of other vehicle characteristics on pavement damage is also investigated. -- Results from the analysis show that, moving dynamic loads are more crucial to pavement damage than static loads and the magnitude of the damage is dependent on the suspension type. It was found that, rubber suspension causes greater pavement damage than air suspension and the difference can be as much as 43%. Moreover pavement surface roughness and vehicle parameters like speed, axle spacing and axle configuration substantially influence the suspension type to increase pavement damage. For multiple axles, unequal load-sharing between the individual axles further increase pavement damage.


identifier: An, Dong <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/An=3ADong=3A=3A.html>   (2013) Diversity analysis within a collection of wild cranberry clones and cultivars.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) is a commercial fruit in Canada with great potential for health benefit. However, the paucity of application with the multifarious DNA markers has hampered the advance of study on cranberry. Therefore, genetic variation and relationship were studied among 102 wild cranberry clones collected from four Canadian provinces (Newfoundland and Labrador, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, and Nova Scotia) and five cranberry cultivars using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR), expressed sequence tag-polymerase chain reaction (EST-PCR), and EST-simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Although all three markers discriminated 107 cranberry genotypes effectively, ISSR markers generated the highest number of polymorphic bands and showed the highest values of polymorphic information content (0.97), expected heterozygosity (0.97), and marker index (1.20). These ISSR index values were followed by those of EST-PCR (0.56, 0.60, and 0.56, respectively) and EST-SSR (0.74, 0.77, and 0. 77, respectively). The co-dominant markers, EST-PCR (0.54) and EST-SSR (0.35) showed higher major allele frequencies than the dominant ISSR marker (0.08). The unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA) analysis depicted the relationships among the genotypes in dendrogram topologies of three DNA markers, solely and in combination. Cluster analysis by the UPGMA separated the 102 wild clones and 5 cultivars into four main clusters with ISSR markers, three main clusters and one outlier with EST-PCR markers, six main clusters with EST-SSR markers, and three main clusters with an outlier with the combination of three markers. With solely DNA markers and the combination of three markers, principal co-ordinates (PCo) analysis confirmed the UPGMA analysis, although some differences were observed. Analysis of molecular variation detected a sufficient variation among genotypes within communities and among communities within provinces with ISSR (66.29% and 35.50%, respectively), EST-PCR (71.52% and 33 .87%, respectively), and EST-SSR (71.76% and 33 .60%, respectively) markers, and with the combination of the three markers (70.96% and 34.54%, respectively). Insignificant variation was observed among provinces with all markers (-1.79%, -5.40%, -5 .36%, and -5.50% of total variation for ISSR, EST-PCR, and EST-SSR markers, and for combination of three markers, respectively). Combined use of three molecular markers revealed a sufficient degree of variation to differentiate among cranberry genotypes, making these technologies valuable for cultivar identification and for the more efficient choice of parents in the current cranberry breeding program.


identifier: An, Jiaqi <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/An=3AJiaqi=3A=3A.html>   (2013) Extraction of Ocean wave information from microwave nautical radar images: fourier method vs wavelet method.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The development of algorithms for extracting ocean wave information from X-band nautical radar images is addressed. The algorithms are designed based on the three-dimensional (3-D) fast Fourier transform (FFT) and two-dimensional (2-D) continuous wavelet transform (CWT). First, in order to design the 3-D FFT-based wave algorithm, methods for extracting sea surface current information using least squares (LS), iterative LS, and normalized scalar product (NSP) methods are examined. With the results of mode classification of wave components from the iterative LS current estimation process, an improved wave measurement algorithm is proposed in which a modified band-pass filter is constructed to retain the contributions of the fundamental wave only and to remove the harmonics and non-wave components for wave information extraction. Noise components and aliasing effects are also eliminated based on existing theories and techniques associated with 3-D FFT-based wave field analysis. An alternative scheme for wave measurement using the 2-D CWT is also presented. The relationship of the scaling factor of the CWT and the minimum distinguishable wavenumber is developed and its expression is presented with a calibration factor. Empirical optimal values of the scaling parameter for variable wave conditions are provided based on extensive simulated radar tests. Based on the existing techniques employed in the classic 3-D FFT analysis, a look-up-table method and an iterative method are proposed to determine the calibration factor. For the iterative method, a self-adaptive wavelet analysis algorithm for wave measurement is developed. The designed wave algorithms are first evaluated with the numerical simulation under various sea conditions, assuming shadowing modulation (SH) and tilt modulation (TM). Then for further validation, the algorithms are applied to dual-polarized radar field data collected on the east coast of Canada. Results derived from FFT- and CWT- based algorithms are analyzed and compared with in situ TRIAXYS directional wave buoy da ta collected in the same region. The comparisons reveal that the proposed algorithms are practical and effective for retrieving ocean wave information from the radar data.


identifier: Anderson, James R. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Anderson=3AJames_R=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2013) Stereovision in underwater environments.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

title: Stereovision in underwater environments

abstract: Stereoscopic vision is the modern field of using multiple cameras to extract three dimensional information about a scene. This technology is used in a wide variety of applications from motion capture used in the movie industry to the industrial monitoring and validation of production lines. This technology however has seen limited use in the challenging environment of underwater photography. This thesis attempts to implement and adapt this technology for use in the Marine Institute flume tank. The flume tank is used for scientific modeling and validation of fishing gear and other objects in ocean environments. This works focuses on the challenges involved in doing this, as well as experimental validation of modern camera calibration and triangulation and adding several novel improvements on these processes. -- This works shows that a modern system using a properly calibrated system functions faster, more accurately and more precisely than any human driven monitoring system. The testing of the various modern calibration techniques reveals several weaknesses when exposed to the challenging underwater environment. The comparison of several methods for stereo location showed the accuracy of these methods is greatly reduced in challenging environments. Both these results open the way for several novel improvements on the methods which increase accuracy and improve performance over the original methods.


identifier: Roy, Andre <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Roy=3AAndre=3A=3A.html>   (2013) Mapping capelin demersal spawning habitat off northeast Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Habitat mapping is an essential tool for the management and conservation of our marine resources. In this study, multibeam echosounders, which have become important instruments for the mapping of benthic habitat, were used to map capelin demersal spawning sites along the northeast coast of Newfoundland. The EM3000 multibeam echosounder was used in this study to survey an area near Cape Freels containing five known capelin spawning sites. Two types of information were extracted from the acoustic multibeam data: bathymetry, providing a high resolution grid from which the morphologic characteristics of the spawning site could be extracted; and backscatter information, providing a proxy for the substrate grain size. -- Studying the morphology of the spawning sites revealed that spawning is taking place on flat areas of the seafloor with a slope value of generally less than 2° and a rugosity ratio of less than 1.19. The spawning sites are situated inside depressions, confirming the findings of a previous study using single-beam sonar data. The backscatter information was used to identify the grain size of the spawning substrate, which varies from medium sand to pebble, to delineate the areas of suitable substrate in the study area. Maps identifying areas suitable for capelin spawning were compiled from the morphologic characteristics. It is estimated that 32% of the seafloor in the study area is suitable for capelin spawning. In 53% of the area, the grain size of the substrate is too large to be suitable for spawning; 5% has finer than suitable substrate; and 10% of the seafloor could not be classified. The multibeam data provided all the information necessary to build habitat maps showing the areas of the seafloor which could potentially support demersal spawning.


identifier: Andrews, Jeanette <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Andrews=3AJeanette=3A=3A.html>   (2000) A phenomenological study: the experience and meaning of being pregnant and on social assistance.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Pregnancy is an important time of physical and psychological adaptation for a woman. A large body of literature has reported on the association of numerous demographic and psychosocial factors, many of which are linked to poverty, with pregnancy outcomes. Although some study results have supported this correlation, many others have shown that this association decreases or disappears when controls for confounding variables are introduced. As a result, reviewers have suggested that more qualitative studies are needed to explore the meaning of pregnancy for women living in disadvantaged circumstances, especially poverty. -- This phenomenological study used van Manen's method to explore the question: What is the meaning of pregnancy in the lives of a group of eight women who are receiving social assistance? From the data collected in unstructured interviews, five themes were identified: (1) “settling in”—forging a meaningful balance; (2) giving recognition to disruptions and uncertainty; (3) living on the edge: emotional response to multiple stressors; (4) meaning of supports: facilitators of and barriers to adjustment; and (5) reflecting on the lived world. The essence of the experience was the search for acceptance. -- The findings show the experience of pregnancy cannot be separated from the context in which the experience is occurring. Supports play a critical role in achieving acceptance of the pregnancy and in dealing with other concerns, both financial and emotional. Care providers may contribute to this process if supportive assistance is offered in a caring, non-stigmatizing way.


identifier: Andrews, Joseph Matthew James <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Andrews=3AJoseph_Matthew_James=3A=3A.html>   (2006) Cytokine and hormone modulation of HLA-DR molecules in breast carcinoma cell lines.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Cytokines and steroidal hormones modulate HLA-DR expression on breast cancer cell lines (BCCL). This study compared the individual and combined quantitative effects of IFN-γ, IL-4, TGF-β1, and 17β-estradiol on HLA-DR expression on 8 human breast carcinoma cell lines (MCF-7, T47D, BT-474, BT-20, MDA MB 157, MDA MB 231, MDA MB 468, SKBR3) through the use of monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry and CELISA. -- Due to problems with the reconstitution solvents, we were unable to determine the effects of estradiol treatment on HLA-DR expression. However, comparison of constitutive and IFN-γ-induced HLA-DR expression in medium containing or depleted of estrogen illustrated that media components, particularly estrogen, significantly modulated HLA-DR expression on BCCL. -- We report distinct patterns in cytokine modulation of HLA-DR expression when co-cultured in estrogen-depleted media. Although IFN-γ increased HLA-DR expression on all cell lines, addition of IL-4 selectively increased HLA-DR expression on MCF-7 and SKBR3, and addition of TGF-β1 selectively increased expression on BT-20 and SKBR3. Furthermore, analysis of TGF-β1 sensitivity through detection of phosphorylated Smad2 and Smad3 proteins (P-Smad2, P-Smad3) by Western blotting showed differential expression of P-Smad proteins in BCCL, as both BT-20 and SKBR3 expressed P-Smad3 but not P-Smad2. Since P-Smad3 is thought to inhibit CIITA in most cell types, we suggest that TGF-β1 mediated up-regulation of HLA-DR on breast cancer cell lines may be mediated through a Smad-independent pathway.


identifier: Andrews, Pamela M. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Andrews=3APamela_M=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2013) Ain't no spook god: religiosity in the nation of gods and earths.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The Nation of Gods and Earths (NGE) are a demographically small, primarily urban-based offshoot of the Nation of Islam who have had a disproportionate influence over hip-hop music and culture. Group members eschew organized rei igion, referring to the tradition instead as a "culture" or "way of life". This thesis uses socio-cultural and historical critical theory to describe and analyze the history of the community, the complicated understandings of gender and race relations within the NGE, and the ways in which NGE culture has impacted the global hip-hop movement. Many theorists place the NGE within an Islamic framework, however, this thesis argues that understanding the culture within the context of New Religious Movements is more productive. Using Religious Studies scholar Catherine Albanese's " four C's" model of religion, this thesis illustrates some ways in which the Nation of Gods and Earths can be understood as a religious community.


identifier: Andrews, Phillip Gordon Patrick <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Andrews=3APhillip_Gordon_Patrick=3A=3A.html>   (2005) The role of human pygopus 2 in the proliferation of breast cancer cells.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Pygopus is a recently discovered downstream component of the Wnt signaling pathway required for β-catenin/Tcf dependent transcription. It has been proposed to act as a downstream mediator of transcription through its indirect interaction with β-catenin. Misactivation of Wnt signaling resulting in the overexpression of mitogenic Wnt target genes has been implicated in the progression of human cancer. In fact, aberrant Wnt signaling has been hypothesized to contribute to the formation of breast tumours. However, there are limited studies that conclusively address this question. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the expression and requirement of the newly discovered Wnt signaling component Human Pygopus 2 (hPygo2) in this malignancy. -- To assess the expression of hPygo2 in  malignant breast cancer cell lines and tumours, I characterized antiserum which specifically recognized hPygo2 protein. hPygo2 was found overexpressed in the nuclei of breast tumour cells and tissue but not in normal breast cells and tissue. Knockdown studies using siRNA or antisense oligonucleotides has demonstrated that bPygo2, but not β-catenin, was required for the growth of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cell lines and expression of the Wnt target gene Cyclin D1. Furthermore, I found that Pygopus I but not Pygopus 2 was required for mediating the Wnt signal through the key mediator, β-catenin. These novel observations suggest that the requirement for nuclear overexpression of hPygo2 can be independent of Wnt/β-catenin in the growth of breast carcinoma cells. Therefore, hPygo2 may be a more suitable therapeutic target than elements of the canonical Wnt pathway for the treatment of breast cancer.


identifier: Anstey, Robert J. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Anstey=3ARobert_J=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2011) The Dorset palaeoeskimo sites of Point Riche and Phillip's Garden, Port Au Choix, northwestern Newfoundland: investigating social and functional connections.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis explores the social and functional relationship between Point Riche and Phillip's Garden, two large Dorset Palaeoeskimo sites located near Port au Choix, northwestern Newfoundland. While previous research had considerably enhanced our understanding of Point Riche itself, little was known about its specific function, seasonality and potential connection to Phillip's Garden. To contribute to a fuller understanding of these issues, this research compares between the two sites qualitative and quantitative attributes of dwelling architecture and lithic artefact assemblages. The results of these analyses suggest that Point Riche was in intermittently occupied warm-weather occupation directly associated with Phillip's Garden.


identifier: Antal, Andrea <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Antal=3AAndrea=3A=3A.html>   (2011) Food and catering in one woman's creative performance of ethnic and gender identity.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This is a study of food and catering. In this thesis I focus on the multiple meanings food can play in the life of a caterer - Anna (of Hungarian ethnicity) - and her clients. Catering can be conceived as folkloric performance, for it contains the most important aspects of a folk drama: front, back stage, role distribution, teamwork, etc. Food and catering can also express ethnicity. Foodways provide a whole area of performance in which statements of ethnic identity can be made. In Anna’s case, food is a fluid creation; she creatively brings together European, American, and even Asian taste trends. Her combinations, adaptations and modifications express her flexible cooking style. She also uses food to earn a living and to build a reputation for herself in a small North American city. The power struggle between men and women can be expressed through food, just as in Anna’s case. She also uses food to reinforce family ties among the members of her family.


identifier: Anton, Elaine P. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Anton=3AElaine_P=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2004) St. John's Harbour 5 (HeCi-30) and an examination of Groswater and early Dorset relationships in Labrador.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In 1981 archaeologist William Fitzhugh reported that excavations of St. John's Harbour 5 (HeCi-30), located in the islands east of Nain, Labrador, had recovered "important data from a house apparently occupied by a late Groswater Dorset group undergoing influence from Early Dorset culture" (Fitzhugh 1981 :36). Fitzhugh based this interpretation on artifact style and raw material use he considered atypical for Groswater. In order to assess whether this site is indicative of influence from Early Dorset culture, Groswater and Labrador Early Dorset sites are reviewed to determine if interaction (resulting in influence) occurred between these groups in Labrador overall. To evaluate if interaction took place the site locations, dates, artifacts, raw material use, house styles and subsistence and settlement patterns for all Groswater and Labrador Early Dorset sites in Labrador are reviewed. From this analysis, it is concluded that Groswater and Labrador Early Dorset co-existed during overlapping time periods in the same geographic regions, but utilized unique tool kits and raw materials suggesting little direct interaction (including at the St. John's Harbour Site itself). At the same time, the pattern of site placement for these two groups indicates a partitioning of areas, evidenced especially in the Nain region, resulting in Groswater largely utilizing inner islands and Labrador Early Dorset utilizing the outer islands. This suggests passive interaction, that is, a decision to avoid each other through a division of land use and resources within geographic regions during the same time period.


identifier: Anwar, Saihul <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Anwar=3ASaihul=3A=3A.html>   (1992) Flood forecasting models for the Cimanuk River in West Jawa, Indonesia.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis concerns the development and application of two methods of estimating flood discharges on a real-time basis for the Cimanuk River at the City of Jatigede in West Jawa, Indonesia. -- The first method was based on a multiple regression analysis of the rainfalls at each of the four sub-basins of the Cimanuk River Basin and the runoff at the outlet of the Basin at Jatigede. This multiple regression model was developed based on the peakflows at the basin outlet as the dependent variable and the total rainfall at each of the four sub-basins as the independent variables. Both Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Robust regression methods were used to develop the multiple regression equation. -- The second approach was based on the concept of a Transfer Hydrograph (TH); which is a transfer function that transformed total rainfall into flood hydrographs. As opposed to the conventional unit hydrograph, which is derived using the effective rainfall and direct runoff of a basin, the TH was derived using the total rainfall at each of the four sub-basins and the direct runoff at the outlet of the whole basin at Jatigede. -- These two methods were validated using rainfall-runoff data that were not used in deriving the models. In comparing the two methods, the results showed that the TH approach gave more accurate forecasts in terms of both the magnitudes and the timing of the flood peaks.


identifier: Arara, Boaz Kaunda <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Arara=3ABoaz_Kaunda=3A=3A.html>   (2003) Marine reserves and their influence on adjacent fisheries in coastal Kenya.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Analysis of more than two decades (1978 to 2001) of commercial fish catch data collected by the Kenya Fisheries Department indicates that a rapid overall decline in landings occurred in coastal Kenya during the last decade. The decline was most severe in the most populated Mombasa district. Amongst the commercial families, the groupers (family Serranidae) showed the steepest decline in landings and forecasts indicated a gradual decline in yields for the next decade (2002-2011). This thesis reports on the results of experiments to test the efficacy of two of the oldest marine parks in Kenya (Malindi, 6.3 km² and Watamu, 10 km², created in 1968) to restore such over-fished stocks and their potential to sustain adjacent sites through a spillover effect. A comparison of catch per unit effort (CPUE) and sizes of fish species across the park boundaries showed that species are orders of magnitude more abundant and larger inside the parks than the adjacent fished sites. However, higher seasonal abundance and even larger sizes of some species (e.g., the whitespotted rabbitfish, Siganus sutor and the seagrass parrotfish, Leptoscarus vaigensis) occur outside the parks (especially at Watamu). Results suggest that yields of some species in adjacent fished sites and perhaps beyond may have been sustained by a spillover effect from the parks. However, this effect appears to be species and site specific and affected by season and reef types. Size frequency distribution of commercial species showed a high proportion of small sized fish inside the parks, suggesting the parks additionally function as nursery grounds. -- A logistic decay model fit to species abundance (CPUE and #/500m²) data across the park boundaries showed steep gradients of fish abundance (especially for the sky emperor, Lethrinus mahsena) across a patch reef at Malindi, indicating limited dispersal across this reef type. However, the locally abundant whitespotted rabbitfish, Siganus sutor, had a shallow gradient of abundance across this reef indicating ability for dispersal. Inter-annual variations in patterns of abundance were evident. For example, S. sutor was more abundant outside Malindi Park during the SE monsoon of 200/2001 but was more abundant during the NE monsoon in 2001/2002. -- Tagging experiments showed higher spillover rates of commercial species, mostly of S. sutor and the emperors along fringing reefs at Malindi and Watamu Parks. Little spillover was suggested off the patch reef at Malindi. Most of tagged fish showed little out-migration from the parks and had multiple recaptures within the parks. Large-scale (30-180 km) movements were reported in three species (Gaterin flavomaculatus, S. sutor and L. mahsena) that were generally believed to be sedentary on home reefs. -- Reduction of fishing mortality within the parks may interact with species behavior to enhance conservation potential of the parks. For example, results of acoustic telemetry studies within Malindi Park, showed site fidelity and homing tendency in a commercial grouper (Epinephelus tauvina: Serranidae) displaced to multiple sites (0.5-2.6 km) within the park. Homing in this species is thought to be linked to tidal factors amongst others and to play a role in the preservation of spawning stock biomass within the parks. -- Estimates of demographic parameters (growth, mortality and survival rates) of some commercial reef fishes necessary for stock assessment and management are provided. These rates are largely unknown for most species, thus making cross-regional comparisons difficult. However, where data exist for other geographical areas, growth parameters (e.g., instantaneous annual growth rate, K, and absolute growth rates) were higher, especially for Siganus sutor and Lethrinus mahsena, on the Kenyan coast suggesting superior conditions for growth. -- The overall implication of these results to species conservation, and the function and design of marine parks are discussed in the thesis.


identifier: Arifujjaman, Md. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Arifujjaman=3AMd=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2006) An isolated small wind turbine emulator.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

title: An isolated small wind turbine emulator

abstract: Furling control method is the most commonly used control method by small wind turbine industry to control the aerodynamic power extraction from the wind. In this thesis, a small wind turbine with furling mechanism and its resulting dynamics are modeled on Matlab/Simulink platform. The model is simulated to regulate the speed of the wind turbine via a load control method. Tip-speed ratio and hill climbing control methods for the maximum power extraction are investigated. The wind speed data and Rayleigh distribution of St. John's, Newfoundland, is used to determine the annual energy capture. Satisfactory simulation performance leads to the implementation of an isolated small wind turbine emulator based on a separately excited DC motor to emulate and evaluate the performance of a small wind turbine using different control strategies. The test rig consists of a 3HP separately excited DC motor coupled to a synchronous generator. Wind turbine rotor and furling dynamics are incorporated in the emulator with the use of a PC based wind turbine model. A dump load is connected to the generator through a buck-boost converter controlled by a microcontroller. Emulation of the wind turbine is confirmed by running the DC motor to track the theoretical rotational speed of the wind turbine rotor. A dynamic maximum power controller is implemented and tested. The controller uses the wind speed and rotor speed information to control the duty cycle of the buck-boost converter in order to operate the wind turbine at the optimum tip-speed ratio. Test results indicate that the proposed system accurately emulates the behavior of a small wind turbine system.


identifier: Arisi, Joseph Abraham <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Arisi=3AJoseph_Abraham=3A=3A.html>   (2006) Leaching of copper, chromium and arsenic from utility poles treated with chromated copper arsenate (CCA) in Newfoundland and Labrador.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Chromated Copper Arsenate (CCA) is a timber preservative used to treat utility poles in Canada. The aim of this study was to determine (i) the amount of leaching of Cu, Cr and As from utility poles and diffusion of Cu, Cr and As into soil under natural conditions (ii) the variation in concentration of leaching of Cu, Cr and As with pole age, (iii) the temperature effects on leaching of Cu, Cr and As (iv) the effect of amount of rainfall on the rate of leaching of Cu, Cr and As (v) the other climatic effects on leaching of Cu, Cr and As and (v) soil properties like cation exchange capacity (CEC), pH and total organic carbon (TOC) of the contaminated soil samples. A total of 114 surface soil samples were collected around 28 Douglas fir utility poles at distances of 0, 0.30, and 0.60 m and three background samples were collected at a distance of 7.0 m from the poles. Also a freshly treated, 1.50 m long wooden log section was suspended outside in a large cylinder to collect runoff. The Cu:As:Cr (molar) ratios of the average metal contents in the soil samples collected at a distance of 0 m, and in the runoff from the pole segment, were 100:46:56 and 100:44:57, respectively. At 0.60 m distance the metal concentration had reached background levels. The results suggested that As was more mobile than the Cr and that the Cu, Cr and As were being continuously leached from the poles over time. 13-yr poles leached the highest amount of concentration of Cu, Cr and As followed by 1-yr old poles and then 2-yr old poles. 1-yr old poles leached more As than Cr. 13-yr-old poles leached the highest amount of Cr. North or South directions from the poles generally had the highest amount of leaching. The leaching was more dependent on amount of rainfall than temperature. A correlation between the soil CEC and TOC was observed.


identifier: Arora, Shruti <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Arora=3AShruti=3A=3A.html>   (2013) Effect of cross-over fatigue on posture.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

title: Effect of cross-over fatigue on posture

abstract: Research has shown that local fatigue occurring in an exercised limb can result in force loss in the same muscle of the non-exercised limb. This proposed cross-over effect of fatigue has been identified in muscles of the upper and lower limb and also in muscles that are not directly related to the fatigue (i.e. right quadriceps femoris fatigued and effects are noted in left and right biceps brachii and dorsal interosseous muscle). Studies published to date have also examined the effects of age and gender on cross-over fatigue. Not all studies, however, have confirmed the existence of cross-over fatigue in the nonexercised limb. The discrepancy in results (i.e. some studies finding cross-over fatigue and others not) may be attributed to the variety of outcome measures examined, the intensity at which the fatiguing contractions were performed, the type of fatiguing task and the specific muscle studied. -- So far most studies have examined strength deficits created by this cross-over fatigue. Little attention has been paid to the effect of this type of fatigue on the body's ability to control movement. To the best of our knowledge there is only one study which has examined the effects of cross-over fatigue on balance. These researchers fatigued the quadriceps femoris on one side and measured balance of the non-fatigued leg during single leg standing pre- and post-fatigue protocol. Their study showed that balance, while standing on the non-exercised leg, was disturbed after the fatiguing protocol. At present it remains unknown whether these changes in non-exercised limb balance were due to the alterations in quadriceps femoris function or whether the fatigue affected the activation patterns and force production of other lower limb muscles. Based on this unanswered question this thesis aimed to replicate the previous balance related fatigue research, while adding a full analysis of lower limb muscle activity to assess how knee extensors fatigue on one side affected the non-exercised leg standing balance and muscle activation patterns. The fatigue protocol incorporated 15 consecutive isometric contractions of 16 sec each, which were performed at 30% peak force for the dominant knee extensors. The experimental protocol consisted of pre-fatigue balance trials, warm-up exercises, maximum voluntary isometric contractions, fatigue protocol, and post-fatigue balance trials. The pre- and post-fatigue balance trials consisted of transition from double to single leg standing and single leg standing trials. The study found no cross-over fatigue effects and it is hypothesized that the intensity and the duration of the fatigue protocol incorporated in the present study might have accounted for the lack of cross-over fatigue effects.


identifier: Arruda, Arthur Paulo Pascoal <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Arruda=3AArthur_Paulo_Pascoal=3A=3A.html>   (1997) Re-conceptualizing the viability of small rural schools viv-a-vis a provincial political-economic crisis: a critical exploration of Newfoundland's education reform movement.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: For over a decade, Newfoundland's education system has been subjected to continual pressure to enact substantive, structural, and procedural reforms. The foundation of education reform in the province is encapsulated in two seminal Royal Commission reports, which, although addressing different topics, are inseparably linked. The Royal Commission on Employment and Unemployment (1986) delineates the commencement of the current movement to reform and rationalize the education system and direct it toward instrumental economic goals. The Royal Commission of Inquiry into the Delivery of Programs and Services in Primary, Elementary, Secondary Education (1992) presented a blueprint for education reform, incorporating many of the recommendations found in the Report of the previous Royal Commission. Subsequent policy statements from the Government of Newfoundland have refined the direction of reform toward a non- denominational school system that will emphasize fiscal rationalization, cost efficiency and centralization of education services, and an instrumental link to economic development. -- The primary focus of this study was how these reforms have endangered the survival of small rural schools in the province. Small rural schools are being disparaged for their lack of an urban-based comprehensive school structure and for their purported low achievement levels and inefficiency. As the viability of these schools is called into doubt, they are being subjected to increasing levels of consolidation and closure. -- This study utilized a critical theoretical framework in analyzing the situational and concurrent events in the educational, economic, and political-ideological realms in which the education reform process is located. As such, the strictly educational and pedagogical relevance of the reforms, the benefits of school consolidation, and the foundation upon which small rural schools are proposed as being non-viable, were shown to be spurious. Instead, the changing political economy was identified as the catalyst for education reform; and post-industrial economic development the referent toward which education is being restructured. Finally, the rational-pragmatic discourse employed in the policy statements, which proclaim the benefits of a rationalized school system, was identified as serving to conceal the hegemonic intentions of the provincial government in relation to both small schools and rural communities.


identifier: Asapo, Emmanuel <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Asapo=3AEmmanuel=3A=3A.html>   (2011) An adsorption study of nickel and cobalt on saprist Newfoundland peat.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Air dried saprist Newfoundland peat, harvested from a private peat bog owned by Traverse Nursery in Torbay, St. John's, was employed as the sole adsorbent in laboratory batch and column experiments for the removal of Nickel and Cobalt cations from stock solutions. The saprist peat type has not been widely investigated as an adsorbent, unlike the fibrist peat. Characterization using non-destructive methods showed the peat as being acidic, consisting of small, overlapped and collapsed cellular masses. The cation exchange capacity was 70 meq/100g, with a wet bulk density of 0.65 g/cm³ and ~90 % organic content. The peat matrix was dominated by oxygenated functional groups and to a lesser extent amine/amide groups which are all capable of complexing / co-ordination with Ni²⁺ and Co²⁺. -- The response surface method of the Box-Behnken design showed that peat dose, concentration, solution pH and contact time were the significant factors that influenced the peat Ni²⁺ and Co²⁺ adsorption capacity with the interaction effect of the factors being metal specific. The batch test investigation showed that the metal uptake reaction was a pseudo-second order type and attainment of equilibrium was metal concentration and pH dependent. Kinetic equilibrium adsorption over 12 h gave a maximum adsorption capacity of 385 mg/g for Ni²⁺ at a peat dose of 21 g/L, pH of 5.5 and Ni²⁺ concentration of 125 mg/L while for Co²⁺ it was 33.44 mg/g at a peat dose of 2g/L, pH of 8 and Co²⁺ concentration of 200 mg/L with regression coefficients near unity. -- Equilibrium adsorption data gave good fits with both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms from which corresponding adsorption parameters were determined. The percent metal removed was nearly 100% for the two metals at solution pH 3, especially at metal concentrations below 50 mg/L while, between 35 % and 75% removal were obtained at concentrations between 125 and 200 mg/L. Competitive sorption tests showed that at higher concentrations and peat doses, more Ni²⁺ and Co²⁺ were removed in the presence of Cd²⁺, Pb²⁺, and Zn²⁺ with the order of removal being Pb²⁺ > Ni²⁺ > Cd²⁺ > Zn²⁺ > Co²⁺. Breakthrough was metal and flow rate dependent. The maximum adsorption capacity of the 12.5 cm long peat bed was 72 g/L and 24.7 g/L for Ni²⁺, at a flow rate of 1.0 Uh and 2.0 Uh respectively. For Co²⁺, 17 g/L and 6.7 g/L was the computed maximum adsorption capacity at a flow rate of 1.0 L/h and 2.0 Uh. The adsorbent exhaustion rate was metal and flow rate dependent with Ni²⁺, at a flow rate of 1.0 L/h, 0.69 g/L was computed and for Co²⁺, at a flow rate of 1.0 L/h, 2.16 g/L was computed. -- The metal uptake mechanism on the saprist Newfoundland peat was strongly pH dependent and based on the experimental data; complexation was the dominant reaction at acidic conditions especially at pH ~3.0, while ion exchange was the main reaction at basic conditions. Kinetics and equilibrium sorption data especially desorption with 0.1 M to 2 M HC1, showed that the two reactions occurred simultaneously at the pH of 5.5 and 8 for Ni uptake while, Co uptake occurred predominantly by ion exchange at pH 10 and by complexation at pH of 5.5 and 8.


identifier: Asche, Hans Petrie <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Asche=3AHans_Petrie=3A=3A.html>   (1994) A report of a counselling internship conducted at the Memorial University Counselling Centre: researh component: an exploratory look at career indecision through the Career Planning Centre of Memorial University: contextual, demographic relationships a.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This document contains a report of a Master's level counselling internship conducted at the Memorial University counselling Centre in partial fulfillment of a Master's of Education program in Educational Psychology. The internship was of 12 weeks duration and ran from May 9, to August 5, 1994. -- Chapter 1 discusses the internship option and rationale, outlines the internship goals, and describes the internship setting. Supervision and evaluation of the intern are also outlined along with confidentiality issues and ethical considerations. -- Chapter 2 deals with the actual counselling and professional activities conducted during the internship. It describes the individual counselling conducted, including concerns of clients and issues addressed. Specific counselling sessions are highlighted to provide insight into the intern's growth and development. Other related activities reviewed include medical interviewing skills training, Career Planning Centre involvement, and internship related readings. -- Chapter 3 presents the intern's research into Career Indecision. The first section includes the purpose, rationale, definitions, significance of previous findings, hypotheses and research questions, limitations, delimitations, and a literature review. The methodology section outlines the sample, instrumentation, procedure, analysis, consents, and safeguards. The data were analyzed in an empirical and descriptive fashion, and described career indecision as related to various contextual and demographic factors. The results were further analyzed, using two popular subtypes of career indecision, namely that of the undecided and indecisive career clients. -- Results consistently found that the Career Planning Centre service was related to lower career indecision in analyzing subtypes, a significant difference was found in the identified uncertain group when they received individual career counselling at the MUN Counselling Centre; however, this service was related to higher indecision scores. The descriptive analysis suggested two underlying causes of career indecision, which were in the areas of employment availability and program availability and eligibility. These factors were given (the descriptor of Market Driven Indecision. Recommendations were made for both Memorial University counselling Centre Services and future research into the area of career indecision.


identifier: Ashton, John <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Ashton=3AJohn=3A=3A.html>   (1985) A study of the lumbercamp song tradition in Newfoundland.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The province of Newfoundland possesses a rich and varied tradition of folksongs and music comprising British, North American and indigenous material. This tradition has been widely documented and investigated by scholars and enthusiasts of all kinds. Despite these facts, we find little reference in local folklore scholarship to songs or singing related to the logging industry. -- We know that Newfoundland has had a sizeable pulp and paper industry since the turn of the century and, that in the other parts of Canada and the U.S. where forestry has held a position of prominence, a song tradition associated with that industry has been unearthed. This would suggest the existence of an anomaly within Newfoundland folksong tradition, or, a gap in the literature pertaining to folksongs in Newfoundland. -- This thesis suggests that the latter is the case and offers some possible explanations. Employing resources gathered from both archival and field research, it attempts to define the broad parameters of the lumbercamp song tradition in this province. The context, style and repertory of Newfoundland lumbercamp singing are described together with the occupational songs of the lumberjack which have been found here.


identifier: Asif, Md. Rahimul Hasan <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Asif=3AMd=2E_Rahimul_Hasan=3A=3A.html>   (2013) Dynamic modeling and supervisory controller design for a small isolated hybrid system with pumped hydro storage.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In this research dynamic modeling of a remote hybrid power system and feasibility of a pumped hydro storage system is presented. Existing hybrid system in Ramea, Newfoundland has an electrolyzer, hydrogen storage and generator system. This research proposes a pumped hydro storage as a replacement to the hydrogen system. Detailed MATLAB-Simulink modeling has been done for every component of the Ramea hybrid power system. Incorporation of a pumped hydro system and some lead acid batteries will eliminate the low tum around efficiency of the electrolyzer and hydrogen generator system. The system dynamic model and simulations presented here is fast, accurate and includes dynamic and supervisory ·controllers. The proposed real time supervisory controller algorithm observes the available surplus/lacking power in the system and regulates pump/turbine and charging/discharging of the battery bank to maintain a stable system frequency. This thesis presents dynamic model, supervisory controller design and algorithm, six case studies and detailed simulation results. This thesis also presents different operational modes of diesel engine generator to estimate the fuel consumption, no of switching and system frequency deviation.


identifier: Askari, Nazanin <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Askari=3ANazanin=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Improved visual cryptography schemes without images size expansion.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Over the past few years, increasing concern about the privacy of information shared in computer systems has increased interest in data security. Visual cryptography is a secure secret sharing scheme that divides secret images into shares which on their own reveal no information of the original secret. Recovery of the secret image can be performed by superimposing the shares using transparencies. Hence, the process does not require any special software or hardware for cryptographic computations and the decoding process is done by human visual system. -- In the application of visual cryptography, pixel expansion and contrast are two primary issues. Pixel expansion can result in many problems such as the problem of image distortion and the requirement of more storage space. In addition to the problem of pixel expansion, loss of contrast is also a problem for visual cryptography. Since the secret is recovered visually, making a good visual effect is as important as keeping the image size invariant. A few studies pay attention to solving the problem of pixel expansion; however, such schemes may not be suitable because the visual effect of the recovered image is poor. -- In this research, we propose a novel visual secret sharing scheme for sharing one secret image. The purpose of the proposed method is to solve a problem of pixel expansion and generate a recovered image such that its visual quality is very similar to the original secret image. Our proposed non-expansion scheme is perfectly secure and experimental results show that it provides better contrast and visual cryptography schemes. -- Furthermore, we extend our research to find a solution to deal with the problem of pixel expansion and the visual quality of the recovered images for advanced schemes such as multiple image visual cryptography and extended visual cryptography. This is done by using algorithms that process the original secret image prior to applying the visual cryptography schemes. The resulting recovered images in a multiple image visual cryptography scheme and the share images in an extended visual cryptography scheme are significantly visually improved over other approaches.  The improvement in visual quality is particularly critical for half-toned images which are derived originally form grayscale images. Three novel methods are proposed to improve the visual quality of the recovered share images when using grayscale secret images.


identifier: Askarpour, Vahid <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Askarpour=3AVahid=3A=3A.html>   (1991) Brillouin scattering studies of rotation-translation coupling effects in some simple molecular crystals.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The role of rotation –translation (RT) coupling was studied in large single crystals of α-carbon monoxide, γ-oxygen, cyclooctane I and methane I by observing the behavior of acoustic phonons as a function of temperature particularly as the order-disorder phase transition is approached. To this end the adiabatic elastic constants were determined by the technique of high resolution Brillouin spectroscopy. – Large single crystals of α-carbon monoxide, γ-oxygen, methane I and cyclooctane I were grown and cooled in a low temperature cryostat. The quality of the crystals and the orientation of their crystal axes were dete3rminded by analyzing x-ray Laue diffraction photographs. Laser light of 5145 °A was incident along the axis of the cell and the scattered light was analyzed at 90° by a Brillouin spectrometer. – The adiabatic elastic constants of α-CO at 60.9 K were determined RT coupling appeared no to be significant in the q=0 wavevector regime and the α-CO crystals effectively behaved like a rare gas solid in this regime. The orientations of the fcc and hcp phases were correlated. – The adiabatic elastic constants of γ-O₂ were determined at 49.0 K, 46.5 K, 45.6 K and 44.0 K. The spectrum, close to the triple point temperature, exhibited unusually strong elastic isotropy and transverse component intensity. Cyclooctane I was studied for comparison to γ-oxygen since it had the same structure and RT coupling was known to be strong in this solid. The Brillouin spectra were recorded at 284.2 K, 274.2 K, 254.2 K, 234.2 K and 224.2 K. Cyclooctane I was also very isotropic and only one transverse component was ever observed for all the orientations and temperatures studied in this experiment. It was therefore concluded that the unusual features in the Brillouin spectra of γ-oxygen and cyclooctane I are caused by strong RT coupling in their peculiar structure. – The elastic constants of methane I single crystals were determined at 72. K, 50.9 K, 38.5 K and 25.0 K. It was noted that RT coupling effects become less significant as the rotational ordering is approached and methane I behaves like a rare gas solid at temperatures below 70 K. It was noted that RT coupling effects become less significant as the rotational ordering is approached and methane I behaves like a rare gas solid at temperatures below 70 K. Reduction in the value of C₁₂ was observed at 25.0 K which appeared to indicate the onset of the phase transition.


identifier: Assiri, Ahmad I. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Assiri=3AAhmad_I=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2011) Arabic adjectival phrases: an agree-based approach.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The main objective of this thesis is to account for the agreement (a)symmetries between nouns and the adjectives to which they relate in various adjective-containing structures in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), where agreement includes phi-features (i.e., [Number] and [Gender]), Case, and definiteness. The investigation of such (a)symmetries of agreement raises some a number of theoretical issues and poses challenges to various syntactic frameworks. The investigation provides an Agree-based approach to the analysis of Arabic Adjectival Phrases (Aps) by reconciling earlier approaches to the syntactic process of Agree. Specifically, it assumes Chomsky’s (2005, 2008) Feature-Inheritance model of Agree, and adopts certain aspects of Agree developed in the works of Pesetsky and Torrego (2004, 2007). -- The developed approach argues for the existence of two syntactic processes Scan and Case-Reservation (Case-R), which are proved to be essential for the Agree relation established between phasal Probes (e.g., adjectival aP) and their Goals. Scan establishes links between lexical items, thus allowing these items to share features. Case-R, on the other hand, prevents a nominal, pronominal, or adjectival element which has participated in an Agree relation from receiving another Case value. -- The investigation of the data show that the close association as well as the simultaneity of valuation between Case and phi-features (as proposed in Chomsky’s work) must be reconsidered, for phi- and Case features operate independently. This has implications for how we view the features present on adjective from the numeration. As far as phi-features, the investigation shows that, depending on the syntactic structure they appear in, there are three type of adjectives in MSA. Adjectives in the first type come from the lexicon with empty phi-features (i.e., they have no phi-values for the features [Number] and [Gender]), which must receive these values in order for the derivation to converge. Adjectives in the second type come with only one valued phi-feature (i.e., has a value for the feature [Number]), but no value for the [Gender] feature. The third type of adjective comes from the lexicon with valued phi-features.


identifier: Atherton, John Norman <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Atherton=3AJohn_Norman=3A=3A.html>   (1971) Photolysis of some organic sulphur compounds.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Mercury lamps were used to photolyse (CH₃)₂S₂, (CH₃)₂S, CH₃SH, CD₃SH and CH₃SD at 77K and 17K . The photolyses were followed by E.S.R. and infrared spectroscopy. Some samples consisted of the pure solid while others were trapped in an argon isolation matrix. -- The infrared spectrum of CD₃SH is presented and analysed.


identifier: Auger, Réginald <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Auger=3ARe==0301ginald=3A=3A.html>   (1984) Factory Cove: recognition and definition of the early palaeo-eskimo period in Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This research was originally designed to document what was then called "Early Dorset" on the Island of Newfoundland~ however, analysis of the data suggested that we should not refer to the Factory Cove remains as "Early Dorset" but rather as "Groswater" since it now appears most closely related to Fitzhugh's (1972~ 1976a) Groswater Dorset for Labrador. The investigation of on early Palaeo-Eskimo phase different from the so-called "Typical Newfoundland Dorset" was in itself a new approach to Newfoundland Eskimo archaeology. -- The present research is a contribution to establish the Eskimo cultural history for the time period of 2700 to 2100 B.P. The data reported here were collected over the summers of 1978 by Dr. James A. Tuck and by the author in 1981. Altogether 160 square metres were excavated.  -- The faunal remains recovered included 13 species; season-specific species suggest a late winter to early summer occupation. The variety of the architecture though, is suggestive of a year round occupation. We were able to identify a house which had been slightly dug, a mid-passage hearth structure, a lean-to, and a tent circle. In my opinion the section dealing with the lithic remains represents the main contribution to our understanding of the Groswater phase. The multiple occupations that occurred over six centuries allowed us to pinpoint certain changes in the lithic tools. -- The main conclusion of this research is the rejection of the traditional view of seeing "Early Dorset" metamorphosing into Middle Dorset in Newfoundland. It is proposed instead that Groswater is the last phase of an early Palaeo-Eskimo period lasting in Newfoundland no later than 2100 B. P. After an apparent gap of approximately 200 years from the end of the Groswater phase, the carriers of the late Palaeo-Eskimo period arrived on insular Newfoundland from Labrador.


identifier: Avogan, Mathias Kuami <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Avogan=3AMathias_Kuami=3A=3A.html>   (1971) Problems of economic integration in West Africa.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The last two decades have witnessed increased concern about economic development. The endeavours in the struggle against underdevelopment have led to some successes and achievements. However, problems of underdevelopment and poverty remain unsolved. -- The countries in the third world would find better prospects for their development in instituting large, coherent, regional economic systems. This is so because integration would create for them larger markets for a greater productive capacity. -- The West African leaders seem to understand that their condition of underdevelopment compels them to adopt a program of economic integration that would promote development. However, up to the present time, the West African nations have had very little success even with the planning stages for economic integration, and the future is uncertain. The advantages that a regionally integrated market offers West Africa are considerable. -- This study is an inquiry into the problems of integration in West Africa and the contributions a fourteen country economic community would make to the development of the region, and needless to say, the individual countries. -- West African nations are reluctant to take part fully in this regional undertaking. They seem to be paying only lip-service to the formation of a regional economic community. The difficulties they consider serious problems are for the most part minor obstacles that would be wiped away as they start implementing a programme of coherent integrated development that would secure benefits for each sovereign state. Economic integration once begun, it can be argued, is likely to soften some of the political rivalries that stand in the way of economic development. -- There are a number of benefits to be gained by regional integration: larger markets and better opportunities for regional specialization, a protected environment for growth of infant industries. This study presents a list of industries that are capable of development within the context of a West African Economic Community and tries to suggest the proper regional location for some of these industries.