identifier: FitzGerald, John Edward <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/FitzGerald=3AJohn_Edward=3A=3A.html>   (1992) The confederation of Newfoundland with Canada, 1946-1949.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Following political scandal and facing economic collapse, in 1933 Newfoundland abdicated self-government in favour of an appointed Commission of Government. World War II brought an American presence and wartime activities to Newfoundland.  This, and the colony's resources spurred Canadian interest in the island. By war's end, the British had determined that Newfoundland would elect a National Convention, to recommend forms of government for inclusion in a constitutional referendum. By this time, local interest had developed in some quarters in confederation with Canada. J.R. Smallwood was elected to the Convention and became its leading advocate of confederation, but the Convention was dominated by advocates of a return to self-rule. In December 1946, a Responsible Government League (RGL) was formed by leading citizens. With ties with the Roman Catholic Church, the RGL proposed that Newfoundland return to responsible government before considering union with Canada. But while Smallwood and a Convention delegation were in Ottawa in the summer of 1947 getting proposed terms of union, the RGL failed to campaign. In January 1948 the Convention closed after defeating Smallwood's motion to include confederation with Canada on the ballot. The public was immediately asked to send telegrams demanding that confederation be included on the ballot, and the response was overwhelming. -- But before the confederates delivered their telegrams to the governor, the British had decided to put confederation on the ballot. RGL thunder was stolen when a party formed advocating economic union with the United States (EUP). Both groups fought confederate promises of the Canadian social welfare state. Smallwood campaigned with an intimate knowledge of the proposed Canadian terms of union, and received Canadian money and information, but the EUP's promises of a higher standard of living, and its slick campaign threatened to win. But because Commission of Government was included with confederation and responsible government on the ballot paper, the first referendum was indecisive. Commission was dropped, and a run-off vote was held. -- In the second referendum campaign the confederates attempted to capture the Commission vote by working in concert with the governor, Commissioners, and the Loyal Orange Association in a sectarian appeal to outport Protestant voters. Protestants were numerically dominant but they had hitherto lacked political cohesion, a situation the confederates had to overcome. While many factors entered into the decision of 22 July 1948, the second campaign was predominantly sectarian, personal, and not without electoral irregularities. Confederation narrowly passed responsible government, and the Government of Canada quickly accepted the decision. Despite RGL protests, final terms of union were negotiated between Canada and a confederate-dominated appointed Newfoundland delegation. Newfoundland joined the Canadian confederation on 31 March 1949, and the political dynasty of J.R. Smallwood was launched.


identifier: Kavanagh, Robert L. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Kavanagh=3ARobert_L=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1995) W force : the Canadian Army and the defence of Newfoundland in the Second World War.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

type: Thesis NonPeerReviewed

format: application/pdf application/pdf

abstract: In 1934, with the virtual collapse of its economy, Newfoundland surrendered representative and responsible government to a commission appointed by the government of the United Kingdom.  At the same time technology such as the airplane was increasing Newfoundland's strategic worth and making its security an important factor in the defence of North America.  Yet, on the eve of World War II Newfoundland had no local defence forces and depended for protection on the distant and overextended resources of Britain's Royal Navy. -- When the international situation deteriorated during the late 1930s Canada became concerned about Newfoundland's military weakness but was reluctant to become involved in the colony's defence.  With the fall of France in 1940 Canada's relationship with Newfoundland underwent a fundamental shift.  Changing strategic considerations and the country's own defence requirements led directly to Canadian intervention.  The despatch of military and air force units to secure Newfoundland's vital airfields represented the first stage of an extended commitment to the island's defence. -- A greater extension of Canadian control over Newfoundland's defence came with the establishment of W Force.  Comprised of elements of Canada's expanded wartime army, W Force was assigned responsibility for defending the island against enemy incursions and providing security for existing and proposed defence facilities. -- The American decision to station troops in Newfoundland in 1940 posed a threat to Canada's pre-eminent role in the island's defence.  The Canadian response was to hedge American command responsibility, to increase the Canadian commitment and to integrate Newfoundland into the Canadian defence orbit. -- Newfoundland became less important to North American defence as the war effort shifted towards Europe and the Allied invasion of German-occupied Europe.  This led to a reduction of Canadian Active Service Force units in Newfoundland and their replacement with personnel conscripted under the National Resources Mobilization Act, a situation that continued until the end of the war. -- Since the last decade of the nineteenth century Canada and Newfoundland had come closer together socially, culturally and commercially.  World War II now brought them together strategically and militarily.  The interaction between Canadians and Newfoundlanders was for the most part amicable and ultimately beneficial for both.  For Canada it had been a costly but necessary investment, given the tenor of the times.  Tens of millions had been poured into the Newfoundland economy creating thousands of jobs and an infrastructure that lasted beyond the war.  Canadian undertakings in Newfoundland were, however, based on sound military practice and research for this paper found no evidence that Canada's activities were motivated by anything other than wartime exigencies.


identifier: Tuck, Marilyn <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Tuck=3AMarilyn=3A=3A.html>   (1983) The Newfoundland Ranger Force, 1935-1950.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: A new broom sweeps clean.  In 1934 and 1935 the British controlled Commission of Government swept aside relics of Newfoundland’s political past and created new administrative structures that were impartial, efficient and economical.  The Newfoundland Ranger Force was one of these creations.  The Force comprised a total of 204 men in its 15 years of existence, varying in size from 31 Rangers in 1935 to 79 in 1946.  This small and elite force was originally intended as a forest ranger service or group of game wardens to develop revenue-producing fur farms in the vast uninhabited interior of the island.  But it evolved into a police ranger force with wide-ranging administrative duties designed to improve government services in the outports. -- The purpose of the Ranger Force changed in response to other developments in the government.  Commission of Government reformed aspects of Newfoundland’s administration in the hopes of eliminating dependence on political patronage in an impoverished and traditional society.  Reforms in the fisheries and customs departments improved the sources of government revenue and professionalization of the civil service itself rationalized its administration as much as society would tolerate.  Reorganization of the law enforcement agencies spread government control and services beyond the capital of St. John's to the outports.  In the spring of 1934 Commission of Government reorganized the existing police force, the Newfoundland Constabulary, and restricted it to the more heavily populated areas and industrial centres such as the Avalon Peninsula, Corner Brook and Grand Falls.  In the fall the Commission agreed that there should be a ranger service as recommended in the Amulree Report.  This group of game wardens was supposed to regulate the government beaver farms in the centre of the island.  Training the first members of such a Force was begun in the summer of 1935.  In the meantime, however, the Commission had increased the duties of magistrates in the rural districts by designating them administrative agents of all government departments.  When the magistrates failed to meet this challenge to perform the functions of district officers, Commission of Government turned to the Ranger Force in the spring of 1937.  Rangers became administrators and the Force reached the zenith of its power.  In the next three or four years the Rangers established a reputation for dependability, honesty and efficiency comparable to that of the North-West Mounted Police in Canada. -- Then came World War Two and the defence bases.  Thousands of Americans and Canadians injected unprecedented amounts of money into a struggling economy.  The presence of ‘foreigners’ in a small population that had had to adjust to very few immigrants was both stimulating and traumatic for Newfoundland society.  The Ranger Force had to meet the challenge of an erosion in traditional values.  In some areas the Force had to assume more police duties, and in general the Ranger Force grew to resemble the Royal Canadian Mounted Police in rural parts of Canada such as northern Ontario.  The Rangers managed to keep pace with the higher quality of government services, but government expectations and control of the Rangers became uncomfortably strict.  Government regulations now could be enforced because of improved communications, and Rangers who had been trained to be extremely independent and make their own decisions in the field disliked the unaccustomed supervision.  In 1947 the Ranger Force assumed a new role when the Rangers reported on the outport reactions to the form of government of their country.  The referendum which was to follow held out two possibilities for the Rangers--either their continuation under Commission of Government or a changed role under another form of government.  The latter happened when Newfoundland voted to confederate with Canada in 1949:  in 1950 the Newfoundland Ranger Force amalgamated with the RCMP.  The Ranger Force ceased to exist as an independent organization and the Rangers shed their blue serge uniforms and emerged in scarlet tunics.


identifier: White, Linda <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/White=3ALinda=3A=3A.html>   (1992) The General Hospital School of Nursing, St. John's, Newfoundland 1903-1930.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis examines the effect of the political economy of the General Hospital on the development of the General Hospital school of nursing from 1903 to 1930.  The General Hospital was the only government-funded hospital in Newfoundland providing health care for the entire colony of 124,000.  The school of nursing was the only nurses' training program in Newfoundland until 1929 when a second school opened.  Therefore, almost all trained nurses who worked in Newfoundland were graduates of the General Hospital school of nursing.  The exceptions were the British nurses who worked in remote rural areas as medical missionaries with the Grenfell Association and the Newfoundland Outport Nursing and Industrial Association. -- During the first period, 1903 to 1916, Mary Southcott, the Superintendent of Nurses, and the nurses sought to establish their place within the male medical hierarchy of the hospital.  They believed the goals of professionalization would help them improve their status in that hierarchy, goals such as autonomy within their occupation, the right to develop their own code of ethics, educational standards, and certification requirements. -- At the same time the hospital was evolving from a marginal welfare institution to a modern health care facility.  Doctors and administrators were anxious to carve out their own sphere of influence within this system.  They saw it as beneficial to have a subordinate and compliant female workforce as a cheap source of labour.  This was supplied by the school of nursing attached to the hospital.  Two personalities which played an important role in the development of nursing were Mary Southcott and Lawrence Keegan.  Keegan, as Medical Superintendent of the hospital, disagreed with the nurses' view that nurses should have control over all nursing matters.  He felt that all aspects of health care should be under his jurisdiction.  This contradiction led to a major crisis at the hospital in 1914 with the government instigating a royal commission to examine the problems and suggest recommendations.  At issue was the struggle between the nurses and the administration (doctors and government officials) over who had the power and authority to determine the nurses' role and status within the hospital. -- After a year of investigation, the royal commission agreed with Keegan's view and subsequently organized the hospital along new lines.  Southcott was fired and a new, more compliant nurse put in her place.  The second period, 1916 to 1930, saw the recommendations of the royal commission put into place.  A board of governors was established to run the hospital on a more businesslike footing. -- The years 1903 to 1916 were an optimistic period where nurses sought their place in the medical hierarchy.  It was a time of loyalty and respect to their common ideals of professionalism.  In the second period, 1916 to 1930, nurses responded to the new industrial management techniques by more aggressive industrial style opposition.  Instead of polite letters of protest which marked the first era, nurses resorted to threats of strike action to protest low wages and poor working conditions. -- Hospital nursing schools produced a work culture that was unique to nursing.  The apprenticeship form of training meant that nurses learned the detailed routine of hospital work from senior nurses and each other.  Learning was done both on the wards and in the residence.  Nurses' training programs in Newfoundland, Britain, Canada, and the United States were based on the guidelines established by Florence Nightingale.  Therefore, the universality of nurses' training offered General Hospital nurses the mobility of travelling and working in any of these countries.  Almost half of the nurses who graduated from the General Hospital travelled outside Newfoundland to work, the most popular location being the eastern United States.  Nursing, as a career, gave many Newfoundland women personal and financial independence as well as an opportunity to travel.


identifier: Leier, James Mark <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Leier=3AJames_Mark=3A=3A.html>   (1991) Bureaucracy, class, and ideology : the Vancouver Trades and Labour Council, 1889-1909.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This dissertation is an examination of bureaucracy, class, and ideology in the labour movement.  It seeks to understand what is meant by the term labour bureaucracy and to determine the degree to which bureaucracy shaped ideology in the Vancouver Trades and Labour Council from 1889 to 1909. -- The first section is an analysis of the theoretical literature and historiography of the labour bureaucracy.  As well as providing an overview of the topic, the thesis tries to formulate a different definition of the labour bureaucracy, one that focuses on the power of the bureaucrats, rather than their ideology.  The second section is a study of the officials and leaders that made up the VTLC from its beginning in 1889 to the founding of the B.C. Federation of Labour twenty years later.  In this section, the ideology of the council is examined to evaluate the impact of bureaucracy on the labour movement.  The policies and structure of the council are studied in detail to show how the separation of the leaders from the led developed over time and to demonstrate why bureaucratic solutions - the hiring of experts, reliance on government intervention, the routinization of procedures, and the creation of labour institutions - were taken and to outline the effect they had.  The conflict between labourists and socialists is examined closely to suggest first that bureaucracy is not limited to labour leaders of any single ideology, and second, that the needs of the labour movement and the demands of bureaucracy itself tended to soften ideological battles.  Even with the ascension of socialists to the council in 1907-1909, continuity remained the hallmark of the labour council, in part because socialists had no particular commitment to rank-and-file control of the labour movement.  Finally, the lives and class positions of the labour leaders are illustrated to try to shed some light on the ways in which bureaucracy, class, and ideology become intertwined.


identifier: Hampson, Eloise Lemire <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Hampson=3AEloise_Lemire=3A=3A.html>   (1982) The dialect stereotypes of schoolchildren and teachers in the Bay Roberts area of Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study investigated speech stereotypes, in a school context, in two non-standard dialect speaking communities in the Conception Bay North region of Newfoundland.  The sample group of 100 respondents represented three level's of age/education.  A modified matched-guise (verbal guise) technique was implemented to assess attitudes to four English dialects, two standard and two non-standard.  Respondents were asked to evaluate taped speakers with respect to personality traits and in terms of the suitability of their speech types to different speech situations. -- The results revealed clear stereotyped preferences for standard dialect speakers on prestige-related evaluations and for formal speech situations.  On solidarity-related evaluations and for informal speech situations, non-standard speakers received fairly positive evaluations.  Speakers of an external standard dialect, however, often were preferred again on these scales.  Ratings on pejorative scales revealed a general reluctance by the sample to award negative judgments, particularly to speakers of local non-standard dialects. -- Respondent age proved to be a differentiating factor in attitudinal discriminations.  The community backgrounds and sex of respondents were less obvious determining factors in attitudinal differences. -- The findings are related to the educational situation in Newfoundland.


identifier: Dawe, Audrey Marie <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Dawe=3AAudrey_Marie=3A=3A.html>   (1986) The fundamentals of Micmac historical morphology.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: As no one has yet traced the historical derivation of the morphology of Micmac this study will attempt to do so but it does not claim to be a complete and comprehensive study of Micmac historical morphology.  This thesis will study Micmac morphology (both nominal and verbal) with regard to its comparison with Proto-Algonkian with an aim to discover how much of the morphology Micmac has retained and how much innovation there has been.  Data from other Eastern Algonkian languages such as Abenaki, Maliseet and Delaware will be studied to help give insight as to whether the innovations evident in Micmac are exclusive to Micmac or if they are more widespread.  The presentation of the Eastern data does not entail taking a position on the controversy regarding Eastern Algonkian as a genetic subgroup. -- The goal of this thesis is to see how Micmac relates to other Algonkian languages and to see what light it can shed on some of the morphological problems evident in Algonkian. -- Chapter One will present a general introduction to the thesis.  The main verbal morphology will be dealt with in Chapters Two-Four.  Chapter Two will deal with the Animate Intransitive (AI) and the Inanimate Intransitive (II), Chapter Three will deal with the Transitive Inanimate (Tl) and the pseudo-Transitive Inanimate (psTI) and Chapter Four will deal with the Transitive Animate (TA).  Within each of these verbal morphology chapters there will be a general discussion of the verbal types as well as any peculiarities of the type, followed by a more specific discussion of verbal tenses and modes with representative paradigms of each.  The Proto-Algonkian forms will be given where they are known so that morphological comparisons can be made between Micmac and Proto-Algonkian.  Data from other Algonkian languages (especially Eastern) will be presented where it is morphologically relevant to the discussion. -- Chapter Five will also deal with verbal morphology but with one specific formation - the negative.  The Micmac forms of the independent indicative present will be examined and possible derivations from Proto-Algonkian noted.  Comparisons will be made with other Eastern Algonkian languages. -- Chapter Six will deal with nominal morphology, special regard being given to possession. The nominal morphology of possession will also be compared with the verbal morphology of the subordinative mode to display the similarities which exist between these formations. -- The thesis aims to draw some major conclusions regarding the historical morphology of Micmac.  On the surface Micmac appears to be very divergant when compared with the traditional Proto-Algonkian reconstructions of Leopard Bloomfield which were based solely on four of the Central languages -Fox, Cree, Menominee and Ojibwa.  When a more detailed study of Micmac's phonological development from Proto-Algonkian is carried out it can be seen that this is where Micmac has a radical evolution as there are cluster reductions, vowel contractions, etc..  Consequently, even though the phonological evolution has been somewhat radical, Micmac seems fairly conservative with regard to its historical morphology.  Micmac, in fact, retains much of the morphology of Proto-Algonkian.


identifier: House, Roger Joseph <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/House=3ARoger_Joseph=3A=3A.html>   (1989) Dependency relations within the French noun phrase.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: It is generally accepted that the words of a sentence are linked together by different dependency relations. Some words are said to be heads and others, modifiers. The primary objective of this study is to analyse the nature of the dependency relations within the fundamental French noun phrase. -- The work comprises four main parts. The first chapter is a comparison of two opposing views on syntax: constituency and dependency. These two models are evaluated to see if there are things the linguist can describe or explain with one but not the other. In the remaining chapters, a dependency approach is adopted for the analysis of the dependency relations linking the French noun phrase. -- Chapter Two investigates the fundamental nature of dependency relations and studies the underlying system which  gives rise to the parts of speech. The notion of incidence is introduced and is shown to be the basic mechanism involved in dependency structure. The special status of the noun is explained in terms of its binary nature: the fact that it incorporates both the mental referent and the lexeme  which names that referent. -- The relation between article (or definer) and substantive is then studied in detail in Chapter Three. Whereas tradition has the article dependent on the substantive, it is argued in this chapter that the article is in fact the head element in the noun phrase. Finally, in Chapter Four, the adjective-substantive relation  is analysed. Particular emphasis is put on the problems of adjective position in French. It is shown that adjective position is related to the binary nature of the noun and that it is the French solution to a general problem.


identifier: Sun, Wei Ping <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Sun=3AWei_Ping=3A=3A.html>   (1989) Mandarin classifiers from a semantic point of view.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
If we discuss classifiers in very general terms, probably all languages have classifiers. Under close examination of classifiers, it is discovered that there are two basic kinds  of classifiers: mensural classifiers and sortal classifiers (Lyons:1977). The term 'classifier language' is normally restricted to languages with sortal classifiers: such languages are frequently found in Southeast Asia. -- Mandarin is the official language of China, spoken regionally in the Northern part of China. The language is exceptionally rich in classifiers. Modern Mandarin dictionaries list about 150 standard classifiers. In addition there are many nouns which are borrowed to serve as  temporary classifiers. The total number of classifiers is over 500 in spoken and written Mandarin, if we add in the temporary classifiers. The frequency of classifiers has been  investigated (Xiong:1977), and it was found that there is one classifier for every 50 characters. In literary works, the frequency is even higher: about 30 characters for every classifier. However, most educated adults commonly confine themselves to a core set of a few dozen classifiers. -- In Mandarin the use of a numeral requires the use of a classifier. Incorrect use of classifiers renders a sentence 'ungrammatical'. The constituents of the numeral classifier construction must occur in the order: Numeral-CL-Noun.
Mandarin classifiers include verbal classifiers and noun classifiers. This paper concentrates on noun classifiers. -- Specialists find that sortal classifiers are sometimes determined on perceptual grounds and the object is assigned to a class with which it shares some physical characteristic. Such characteristics are frequently different shapes: long, round and flat, which are further divided into thick/thin, big/small, and flexible/rigid. -- This thesis has tried to provide a full-scale analysis of Mandarin classifiers from a syntactical and a semantic point  of view by a native speaker, and introduce an interesting, untouched aspect of classifiers, that has been treated in Chapter Five. The rhetorical function of classifiers has been neglected by scholars, and there is much to be said on this aspect in Mandarin classifiers. The use of classifiers is in part an art and not just a grammatical convention: people have varying degrees of skill in using them. We can invent as many classifiers as we need for rhetorical purposes and these temporary classifiers form an open-ended set. The rhetorical functions of Mandarin classifiers can also express different figures of speech, e.g., sketching, metaphor, simile, metonymy and irony. We can distinguish the  classifier from other parts of speech by its sometimes remarkable rhetorical function.


identifier: Ma, Li-Li <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Ma=3ALi-Li=3A=3A.html>   (1994) Duration and frequency NPs and Chinese verb phrase.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Duration and Frequency NPs (D/F NPs) pose problems for Case theory and theta theory in Chinese. They complicate the analysis of Chinese VP structure and word order as well. -- This thesis proposes a disjunctive theory of Case assignment  for object NPs and oblique Case for adjunct NPs (mainly duration and frequency NPs) in Chinese. The hypothesis is based on the phenomenon of definiteness existed in Chinese VP structure. There is a correlation between Case and definiteness underlying the language. Problems of postverbal  two constituents caused by D/F NPs are explained with the proposed Case system. -- Chapter Three investigates Case assigned to adjunct NPs in Chinese. It is shown that Chinese  adjunct NPs are assigned oblique Case uniformly, regardless of their positions (i.e. preverbal or postverbal) in the sentence. This oblique Case is assigned by the [+F] feature of the head noun. -- Chapter Four deals with Case assignment   to object NPs. A theory of Case assignment according to the definiteness of the affected NP is proposed. The Chinese VP structure is constrained by a Double Oblique Case Constraint. -- Chapter Five examines the relationship between this Case proposal and the Chinese X' structure. It is shown that this Case system can be adapted to a VP-shell structure and that it can be adapted to Chomsky's (1993) Minimalist program.


identifier: Lanari, Catherine E. Penney <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Lanari=3ACatherine_E=2E_Penney=3A=3A.html>   (1994) A sociolinguistic survey of the Burin Region of Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study investigated the formal and informal speech of the Burin region, employing a traditional Labovian methodology utilizing a 2 x 2 x 2 ANOVA design (age x sex x socioeconomic class). Twenty-four residents of the Burin region (divided into eight cells) were interviewed. The interviews were recorded, and ten phonological variables were selected for quantificational analysis. The objective was to determine whether significant linguistic differences existed among the various social groups represented in the study. -- Extensive variation was indicated in the speech of  local residents. Variation was found across groups, as well as in individual speech. The most significant social factors  determining dialect choice in Informal Style were social class, gender and then age. The majority of the linguistic features surveyed displayed minimal to moderate stratification across styles. Phonological conditioning did not appear to significantly affect pronunciation of variants  of variables (E), (AY), (AW), (THETA) and (ETH). -- Minimal stylistic stratification was displayed by features infrequently used by Burin region speakers, while those occurring more frequently displayed either moderate or considerable stratification. Some variants, while displaying  the predicted stratificational patterns overall, exhibited internal anomalies. Males and the working class (particularly young working class females) were marked by their use of specific non-standard features.


identifier: Wharram, Douglas <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Wharram=3ADouglas=3A=3A.html>   (1996) In the event of an event : a minimalist account of 'subjects'.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis investigates, within a minimalist framework (Chomsky (1993 et seq.)), some of the properties of "subjects". It is demonstrated that the term "subject" picks  out whatever element occupies the highest argumental position within its clause at LF, following reconstruction effects. -- In Chapter One, several recent analyses of certain "non-finite" clauses in the ergative Inuktitut/West Greenlandic languages and Lezgian are examined. I conclude that, in each case, the clauses in question are finite. It is proposed that the conspicuous absence, or near-absence, of non-finite control structures in ergative languages derives from the fact that arguments licensed as PRO in such  languages do not typically occupy a position where they can be controlled by an element in a higher clause. I consider one strategy made use of by the (ergative) Mayan language Jacaltec to make such clauses possible. -- In Chapter Two, standard assumptions with respect to a 'subject/object' extractability asymmetry are reconsidered, in light of data from English. It is shown that A'-extraction of 'subjects' of unaccusative or passive VPs is not as sensitive to intervening islands as is extraction of 'subjects' of transitive or unergative VPs. This follows, I demonstrate, from the requirement that both types of arguments raise overtly to an A'-position prior to extraction, attracted by an [event] feature of the C head, with the former type of argument necessarily raising via an intermediate A-position,  while the latter type must raise directly. Second, two non-finite constructions — one in Italian and another in European Portuguese - are considered. The interaction of the  proposed [event] feature of C⁰ with certain other features is shown to derive both fixed word-ordering restrictions and  the unexpected availability of 'nominative' Case in these clauses in both languages. -- In Chapter Three, I offer a preliminary analysis which derives 'accusative' versus 'ergative' Case checking patterns in strict terms of Economy, depending on the strength of certain features. I show that no special condition, like the Obligatory Case Parameter (Bobaljik (1993)), need be introduced to derive the differences between the Case patterns of accusative and ergative languages.


identifier: Inglis, Stephanie Heather <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Inglis=3AStephanie_Heather=3A=3A.html>   (1986) The fundamentals of Micmac word formation.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Leonard Bloomfield's 1946 sketch Algonquian laid the ground work for current discussions in Algonkian word formation.  Though research has been done on word formation in Central Algonkian languages (Bloomfield 1958, 1962), little has been done on word formation in Micmac, an Eastern Algonkian language. -- This thesis presents an overview of the fundamentals of Micmac word formation.  The grammaticalization of independent and dependent lexemes as preverb, root, medial and final formatives is discussed.  The ability for the same lexeme to be grammatically recategorized is also addressed.  The role of the formatives - preverb, root, medial and final - is examined and a set of Micmac word formation patterns or strategies outlined. -- A full set of appendices is included in the thesis.  The appendices give summary listings of the Micmac preverbs, roots, medials and finals identified during the study, as well as the Micmac words in which these formatives where found.


identifier: Scammell, Wendy P. A. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Scammell=3AWendy_P=2E_A=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1991) The acquisition of the dative alternation and particle movement by second language learners.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis looks at the second language acquisition of the English dative alternation, particle movement and their interaction by native speakers of Micmac.  The associated theories of syntactic Markedness, which follows from a theory of Universal Grammar and Case theory are assumed as the basis for this research.  The dative alternation is argued to have the unmarked structure [NP PP], as well as the marked structure [NP NP].  The unmarked structure for the verb-particle construction is assumed to be [V-Prt] and any other position of the particle in the sentence is marked. -- Results of a study on the acquisition of these structures indicate that the unmarked forms of the dative alternation and the verb-particle construction are acquired first by second language learners.  A greater number of subjects judged unmarked forms more acceptable than marked ones according to the results of an intuitive judgement test and employed more in production than marked structures are.  Results on the interaction of these structures show that sentences containing an unmarked contiguous particle and a prepositional dative are judged most acceptable and are widely employed in the production task.  Sentences involving a marked verb-particle construction and the marked double-object form of the dative are judged less acceptable and are employed less in production.  The results presented in this study support a continuum of markedness for sentences involving both target structures.


identifier: Lu, Zhong-Ying <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Lu=3AZhong-Ying=3A=3A.html>   (1991) The preverbal NPs in Chinese.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

title: The preverbal NPs in Chinese

abstract: This thesis is a study of the syntactic structures of Chinese preverbal NPs, which is one of the prominent characteristics of the Chinese language.  Chapter two displays various preverbal NPs in Mandarin Chinese, which are derived from the basic word order.  In this chapter, the most important preverbal NP, subject (pre-S), is explained within the generative grammar framework. -- Chapter three investigates fronted objects in the position between the subject and the verb (pre-O), and presents some licensing conditions for such preverbal objects.  It is also shown that there is a semantic restriction, i.e., subject-object substitutability, that obstructs object movement. -- Chapter four discusses topicalization in Mandarin Chinese.  It is claimed that the topic in topicalization (pre-T1) is in the SPEC of CP, leaving a covert trace or overt anaphor that is a resumptive element in the object position.  Such a topic differs from the preverbal object because the topic, not the preverbal object, has a comment clause upon which it is predicated, even though they are both theta-marked by the verb. -- Chapter five deals with two types of topic: the topic associated with prepositions (pre-T2), and the topic which is an extracted possessor NP (pre-T3).  It is argued that every pre-T2 must have an appropriate proposition preceding it in D-structure, and that a pre-T2 is assigned a theta role by the predication through the preposition.  This chapter also presents the fact that a pre-T3 is extracted from the subject position quite freely, but that this extraction is restricted in certain cases from the object position.  It is shown that there is an interesting similarity between the object movement and the pre-T3 extraction, that is, when the possessor NP is in the object position, subject-possessor substitutability blocks the extraction.


identifier: D'Arcy, Alexandra F. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/D=27Arcy=3AAlexandra_F=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2000) Beyond mastery : a study of dialect acquisition.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Studies of dialect acquisition have revealed that certain phonological features may not be mastered by children whose parents are not native to a dialect area (Payne 1980; Trudgill 1982, 1986). Consequently, this study has examined the speech of younger female speakers in St. John's to determine whether or not parental origin plays a significant  role in the acquisition and use of local phonological features. -- The results of quantitative analysis indicate that with little exception, non-local-parent speakers appear  to acquire local dialect features. However, these speakers tend to use more General Canadian features, especially when these are innovative, and fewer local features, than their peers with local parents do. These results indicate that in St. John's, dialect acquisition is not strictly a matter of mastering local phonological, morphological, and lexical constraints. Instead, the social evaluation of dialect features appears to be the critical factor. Moreover, the stylistic profiles of the two parental origin groups differ;  local-parent speakers exhibit a greater degree of stylistic variation than do those with non-local-parents.


identifier: Newhook, Amanda R. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Newhook=3AAmanda_R=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2002) A sociolinguistic study of Burnt Islands, Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study investigated how the social factors of age and gender co-varied with nine linguistic variables (eight phonological and one grammatical) in Burnt Islands, a rural Newfoundland community.  Twelve participants were divided into three age groups in which both genders were represented.  The interviews were tape-recorded, and consisted of both casual and formal components in order to examine the effects of speech style on the usage of the linguistic variants.  In order to determine the significance of the independent variables, an ANOVA 2 x 2 design (Age x Gender) was employed. -- Variation was found in the speech of individuals, as well as across social groups.  In casual style, gender proved to be the most significant social factor in variant selection, while age affected approximately half of the variables.  Formal style results revealed that speakers in the overall sample displayed style shifting for most of the features examined.  Younger females were marked by their avoidance of local variants in both casual and formal speech, while older males tended use local forms the most often.  The general pattern of the decreasing usage of local features among successive generations suggests that supralocal norms are encroaching on the distinctive Burnt Islands dialect.


identifier: Singh, Gauri Shanker <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Singh=3AGauri_Shanker=3A=3A.html>   (1982) Fixed point theory of finite polyhedra.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

title: Fixed point theory of finite polyhedra

abstract: In this thesis the behavior of the fixed point property (f.p.p.) in the category of finite polyhedra is studied. The  f.p.p. behaves very badly with respect to many geometric constructions, for example, it is not invariant under topological products, products with the unit interval, suspensions, smash products, join products, nor is it a homotopy invariant. The only construction under which the f.p.p. trivially behaves nicely is the wedge (i.e. one point  union) of two spaces. Even if one restricts attention to very nice spaces (e.g. simply connected polyhedra) the f.p.p. is not preserved under topological products and many other geometric constructions. This can be seen from the classical counter-examples due to Fadell-Lopez and Bredon which, together with many of their consequences, are described and discussed in detail. In a more restrictive setting, for example for simply connected polyhedra satisfying the so-called Shi condition, the f.p.p. behaves more nicely, and it's invariance under topological products can also be proved under specific assumptions on the cohomology of the spaces involved.


identifier: MacDonald, Thomas <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/MacDonald=3AThomas=3A=3A.html>   (1972) Embedding theorems for closed categories.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Let us consider the following symmetric monoidal closed categories: -- (i) SM, the category of sets under the action  of a commutative monoid M; in short, a category of M-sets; -- (ii) SG, the category of G-sets, where G is an abelian group; -- (iii) MK, the category of moduloids over a commutative semiring K (a moduloid is basically a monoid acted on by a semiring); -- (iv) ModK,thecategory of modules  over a commutative ring K; -- (v) VF,the category of vector spaces over a field F. -- Let C be an arbitrary closed category. We are concerned with the following question: -- What conditions have to be imposed on C to ensure that it can be embedded (in some canonical way) into one or more of the above categories? -- The basic category theory needed in   this thesis is provided in chapters I and II. In chapter I we have provided the details of how, in a category with biproducts, the set hom(A,B) can be given the structure of a  commutative monoid (under addition). Chapter II gives a summary of the standard definitions and results leading up to the concept of a symmetric monoidal closed category. -- Since the properties of categories (i) and (iii) are not so well known, these categories are discussed in some detail in  chapters III and IV. It is shown that each of the categories  is in fact a symmetric monoidal closed category. -- In chapter V we answer our original question by establishing five embedding theorems. -- Each of these theorems gives sufficient conditions for a closed category to be embeddable  in one of the above categories. Fairly elementary examples are given to illustrate each of the theorems. -- In the appendix a detailed example is given to show that these embeddings are not, in general, full embeddings.


identifier: Bencivenga, Roberto <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Bencivenga=3ARoberto=3A=3A.html>   (1982) On the groups of automorphisms of principal and fibre bundles.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: If p: X → B is a principal G-bundle, an automorphism of p is  an equivariant map of X to itself over B. The set G(p) of all such automorphisms inherits, in a natural way, a topological group structure. Similarly we can define, for a fibre bundle pF: XxGF → B, the group F(pF) of automorphisms of pF and, under suitable conditions, this is also a topological group. The purpose of this thesis is to obtain information on the homotopy properties of G(p) and F(PF). This is accomplished by using known relations between two bundles in order to determine corresponding relations between their groups of automorphisms. -- Having shown that F(PF) is, algebraically, a quotient of G(P) classified by the subgroup of G which acts trivially on F, we prove that such classification is often also topological. Moreover if h: G → K is a topological group morphism and ph is the bundle induced from p by h, there is a homomorphism Πhp: G(p) → G(ph), with image F(ph), which is a fibration if h is  , or an n-equivalence if h has similar properties. This generates information on the fibre bundle problem and also on the effect of an enlargement of the structure group of p on G(p). Several computations are given, especially when the  structure group is a classical group. -- The already known relation between G(p) and the space ΩMap(B,BG;k), where k is  a classifying map for p, is then interpreted as a natural transformation connecting Πhp and the map induced by h, in the obvious way, between the corresponding loop spaces. We also outline a theory analogous to that of the main body of the thesis; in it a change of the base space replaces the change of the structure group or fibre. -- Finally, we give a non-standard construction of fibre bundles and associated principal bundles which leads to a simple proof of the equivalence between the categories of principal G-bundles over a space B and of fibre bundles over B with fibre an effective G-space F.


identifier: Moore, Margaret Mary <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Moore=3AMargaret_Mary=3A=3A.html>   (1988) Hereditary, continuous, homotopy, isotopy, productive and expansive topological properties.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Several separation axioms, connectedness and compactness as well as a number of other general topological properties are  studied to determine whether or not they are invariant with respect to heredity, closed heredity, open heredity, continuity, open continuity, closed continuity, divisibility, retractions, projections, homotopy and isotopy  equivalences, as well as finite, countable, and arbitrary products, and also with respect to contractions and expansions of the topology of a space. Of the resulting four hundred eighty questions, all but seven can be answered. The  resulting answers, found and discussed in the paper, are also tabulated in several tables.


identifier: Ezekiel, Gordon J. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Ezekiel=3AGordon_J=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1983) Some analytic properties of semigroups of positive matrices, transition matrices, p-functions and semi-p-functions.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In this dissertation we deal with four related mathematical entities:  transition matrices and their generalization (semigroups of positive matrices), p-functions (which can arise from the diagonal elements of a transition matrix) and their generalization (semi-p-functions).  In Chapter 1 we define these entities.  In Chapter 2 we discuss continuity under the assumption of measurability alone.  The remaining three chapters deal with standard entities only (i.e., those which enjoy a continuity condition at t=0) since most authors assume standardness anyway.  Chapter 3 deals with continuity, Chapter 4 with differentiability at t=0, and Chapter 5 with differentiability at t>0.  Counter examples are given for outstanding cases.


identifier: Meade, Barbara Ann Moores <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Meade=3ABarbara_Ann_Moores=3A=3A.html>   (1977) Some fixed point theorems in metric spaces.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The main object of this thesis is to study contractive type mappings on a complete metric space.  These mappings are generalizations of the well known Banach contraction and have the property that each such mapping has a unique fixed point. -- In the the beginning we give some definitions of mappings of this type and theorems which give the conditions necessary to guarantee, for different definitions, the existence of a unique fixed point. We also consider common fixed points of pairs of mappings which satisfy a contractive type condition between the pair. -- In Chapter II, special consideration is given to mappings T which satisfy a condition involving ᶲ : R⁺ → R⁺ such that d(Tx,Ty) < ᶲ(d(x,y)). This idea has been extended to a pair of maps so that ᶲ : (R⁺)⁵ → R⁺ and ᶲ acts upon the five terms: d(x,y), d(x,Tx), d(y,Ty), d(x,Ty), and d(y,Tx). Also mappings which satisfy a commuting condition are considered. -- In the end sequences of mappings are considered. These mappings or their limiting mappings satisfy contractive type  conditions and theorems are given which contain the conditions necessary for the sequence of fixed points to converge to the fixed point of the limiting  mapping.


identifier: Tillotson, Joy Glenys <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Tillotson=3AJoy_Glenys=3A=3A.html>   (1978) The convenient category of sequential spaces.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: It is shown that sequential spaces are a convenient category in the terms of Steenrod’s definition and that they have advantages over other such categories.  The method of the Thesis is to define adjoint functors between the categories of all topological spaces and of sequential convergences.  Sequential spaces are defined in terms of these functors and results proved for sequential convergences are used in proofs for sequential spaces.  Initial and final topologies are used to generalize standard constructions and theorems in these categories.  The fibred exponential law and the convergent sequence open topology are discussed in terms of sequential spaces.


identifier: Rocha, Carlos Artur Sobreira <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Rocha=3ACarlos_Artur_Sobreira=3A=3A.html>   (1980) Statistical analysis and diversity with special reference to Brazilian fish.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In this thesis, a brief review of various techniques of estimating diversity is given.  The use of these techniques is illustrated to the fish data.  The data is collected from Brazilian coast utilizing sampling techniques.  In order to reduce the bias, the jackknife method is used for estimating the diversity.  Furthermore, it has been shown that lognormal distribution is a suitable model to describe species abundance in certain cases.


identifier: Caserta, Francesco <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Caserta=3AFrancesco=3A=3A.html>   (1984) Topology of fibrations.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

title: Topology of fibrations

abstract: This thesis contains a systematic exposition of the topology of fibrations, including Hurewicz, Dold and Serre fibrations and quasifibrations.  The fundamental properties and the classical results due to Hurewicz and Dold are discussed in a detailed way.  Many examples illustrate the theory; some of them are used to describe properties peculiar of each class of fibrations.  The thesis concludes with a discussion of some recent developments.  These are:  the functional space studied by P. Booth, P. Heath, C. Morgan and R. Piccinini and its application to fibred exponential laws; the theory of F-spaces and F-fibrations introduced by P. May; a categorical interpretation of a fibration as an algebra over the monad which sends each map to its associated fibration.


identifier: Veitch, Barbara M. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Veitch=3ABarbara_M=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1991) A categorical data analysis of health practices, health status, and hospital utilization in metropolitan St. John's.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Questionnaires were administered to adults from a sample of households in the Metropolitan St. John's area to gather data on their lifestyles, health habits and utilization of medical care services. -- Health practices, as described in the social medical literature (eating breakfast, smoking, drinking, sleeping, correctness of weight, and exercising), are explored.  A variety of statistical measures of association are used to gauge the strength of the relationships between these variables and one's health status. -- The relationships between sleeping habits and one's health is examined using logistic regression.  This analytical technique is again employed to study the effect of alcoholic consumption on health and to further explore its effect once educational level is controlled for. -- From individual health practices, a weighted health practice index is developed.  Using loglinear analysis we build models so as to examine the association between this score and hospital utilization, controlling for sex, age and education.


identifier: Shen, Shi-Yun <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Shen=3AShi-Yun=3A=3A.html>   (1991) Convergence rates and powers of six power-divergence statistics for testing independence in 2 by 2 contingency table.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis investigates the convergence rates to the limiting null distribution and the powers of six test statistics of the power-divergence family (Cressie and Read,  1984) for testing independence in the 2 by 2 Contingency Table. This family of statistics can be expressed by -- [special characters omitted] -- which is indexed by the parameter ⋋, x₁.j are observed cell frequencies and m₁.j are expected cell frequencies. It can easily be seen that the Pearson's X² (⋋ = 1), the log likelihood ratio statistic G² (⋋ = 0), the Freeman-Tukey statistic T² (⋋ = -1/2), the modified log likelihood ratio statistic MG² (⋋ = -1), the Neyman modified chi-square statistic MX² (⋋ = —2) and the Cressie-Read statistic (⋋ = 2/3), are all special cases. -- For calculating the convergence rates and the powers of these six statistics, an iterative procedure for obtaining the minimum power-divergence estimates for the unkown parameters will be presented. It is found that among these six statistics, the convergence rate of Pearson's X² (⋋ = 1) to the limiting null distribution is the best. For the power of the test, for different alternatives, each of X², G² and MX² is the most powerful. It is also found that the power of the test depends not only on the noncentrality parameter but on the location of alternative hypothesis. The  working rules for deciding which statistic is to be used will also be presented for the practitioner. -- Key Words: Convergence Rate; Power; Power-Divergent Family; Independence Model; Minimun-Distance Estimator; Asymptotic Distribution; Non-Central Chi-Squared Distribution.


identifier: Humber, John Robert <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Humber=3AJohn_Robert=3A=3A.html>   (1990) Determining the effects of fertilization on black spruce in the presence of Kalmia angustifolia.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study was initiated by Dr. Brain Titus who is employed with Forestry Canada. Dr. Titus was interested in the effects of fertilizers on black spruce seedlings in the presence of a shurb, Kalmia angustifolia, which is thought to inhibit spruce  growth. Statistical analysis is presented to evaluate the differences between fertilizers for their contribution in promoting tree growth.


identifier: Hoskins, Philip Joseph <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Hoskins=3APhilip_Joseph=3A=3A.html>   (1992) Equivariant algebraic topology and the equivariant Brown representability theorem.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The main purpose of this thesis is to give a complete proof of the Equivariant Brown Represcentability Theorem, in the process developing the equivariant algebraic topology needed  in the final proof. The proof of the theorem in the category  of path-connected G-spaces is given in Chapter 4 and follows  the proof of the non-equivariant case given in Spanier ([Sp], pp. 406-411). There is another account of the proof given in Switzer ([Sw], pp. 152-157), which is closer to the  original account given by Brown [Br1]. Equivariant versions of the theorem are announced in [LMS] and [V], for example, but no details of the proofs are given. -- In Chapter 1, the  basic theory of G-spaces and G-maps is presented. G-final and G-initial structures on a set are defined and sufficient  conditions are given which allow such G-space structures to be constructed. -- The equivariant homotopy groups are defined in Chapter 2 and the isomorphisms πHn(X) ≅ πn(XH) and πHn(X,A) ≅ πn(XH,AH) are established. These two results are then used to prove the results about equivariant homotopy groups needed in Chapter 4. -- In Chapter 3, G-CW-complexes are defined and all the necessary homotopic properties of G-CW-complexes are developed, culminating in the proof of the Equivariant Whitehead Theorem. -- Finally, in Chapter 5, we prove an equivariant version of the statement that if a functor satisfies the Wedge Axiom and the Mayer-Victoris Axiom given in Brown's original version of his theorem, then it also satisfies the Equalizer Axiom given in Spanier's version of the theorem. This immediately gives a Switzer style version of the main result.


identifier: Azam, Mohammad Nurul <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Azam=3AMohammad_Nurul=3A=3A.html>   (1988) Modelling factors affecting relative performance of two dust samplers in Labrador mines.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study was undertaken for modelling the effect of temperature and humidity on relative performance of two dust samplers in two mining complexes in Labrador, Canada.  Data were collected from five major locations.  A statistical analysis is given to identify the distributional pattern of dust concentration.  Then the multiple regression based on least squares as well as M-estimation of regression techniques were applied for modelling.


identifier: Morgan, Christopher Charles Gradidge <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Morgan=3AChristopher_Charles_Gradidge=3A=3A.html>   (1980) F-fibrations and groups of gauge transformations.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: A study of the relationships between various notions of "Universal fibration" which arise in the literature, has been done by P. Booth, P. Heath and R. Piccinini, within the  context of an admissible category of fibrations. This general category, of which the usual categories of fibrations that arise in practise are particular examples, is defined within the general framework introduced by J. P. May for the notion of F- fibration, by specifying certain axioms. Using a generalized version of the exponential law we show that the category of F- fibrations is directly related to this notion of an admissible category of fibrations. The result is that the axioms defining admissibility can be simplified. -- The appropriate notion of equivalence in an admissible category A is an extension of the notion of fibre homotopy equivalence, called F - homotopy equivalence. If p: E → B is an A- fibration (object  of A), we denote by F(p), the space of all F- homotopy equivalences p → p over B and by F¹(p), the space of all F- homotopy equivalences p → p over B which extend 1: F → F on a distinguished fibre F. We show that if the category A admits an "Aspherical Universal" A- fibration P∞: E∞ → B∞ (this is the situation in the usual categories of fibrations  that arise in practise) and k: B → B∞ is the classifying map  for p, then F(p) (resp. F¹(p)) has the same weak homotopy type as ΩL(B,B∞;k)(resp. ΩL*(B, B∞;k)). Here, L(B,B∞;k) denotes the path component of the function space L(B,B∞) which contains k and L*(B,B∞;k) is the based version. In particular, we show that if B∞ is an H-group then F(p) (resp. F¹(p)) has the same weak homotopy type as L(B,ΩB∞ (resp. L*(B,ΩB∞)); if B is an H-cogroup, then F¹(p) has the same weak homotopy type as L*(B,ΩB∞). With a connectivity condition on B∞ it is also possible to obtain some computations of the homotopy groups of F(p) and F¹(p) within  the stable range. In the case where the admissible category A is the category of principal G-bundles over smooth manifolds, with G a compact Lie, group the spaces F(p) and F¹(p) are the groups of gauge transformations that arise in theoretical Physics. The results obtained in the general situation are valid here up to homotopy equivalence.


identifier: Parsons, Wade William <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Parsons=3AWade_William=3A=3A.html>   (1987) Studies in the space C(X) of real-valued continuous functions on a topological space X.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In this work, we study some aspects of the ring C(X) of real-valued continuous functions defined on a topological space X. Explicitly we consider C(X) as a ring, as a Banach space and as a Topological Vector Space. Our aim, throughout  this work, is to relate the topological properties of X with  appropriate properties of a suitable structure on C(X). -- In Chapter 0, we develop the necessary prerequisites, and show that completely regular spaces are the right kind of topological spaces for such a study. The ideals and filters in the ring C(X) are studied in Chapter 1, and a one-to-one correspondence is established between maximal ideals in C(X) and ultrafilters on X. These are then employed to construct the classical Stone-Cech Compactification βX and Hewitt's realcompactification ʊX. This leads to the consideration of how to "recover" the underlying space X from the ring C(X), generating some "Banach-Stone" type theorems. Alternative constructions of βX and ʊX are furnished. -- Taking X to be a compact Hausdorff space, we then study the Banach space C(X) under the uniform norm, and describe its dual space via  the Riesz Representation Theorem. The necessary and sufficient conditions for an arbitrary Banach space B, to be  C(X) for some X, are then obtained. A version of the Banach-Stone theorem is proved, namely, the Banach spaces C(X) and C(Y) are isometric if and only if X and Y are homeomorphic. The class of spaces C(X), for X compact Hausdorff and extremally disconnected, is precisely the class of " Hahn-Banach spaces", (i.e., they enjoy the Hahn-Banach extension property). -- The final chapter is devoted to the study of C(X) as a topological vector space, when equipped with the compact-open topology. The conditions on X, necessary and sufficient for C(X) to be metrizable, barreled, and bornological, respectively, are then given. It turns out that C(X) is bornological when and only when X is realcompact.


identifier: Qu, Zhende <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Qu=3AZhende=3A=3A.html>   (1995) On approximate likelihood inference in the poisson mixed model.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The application of the Poisson mixed model has been hampered by the difficulty of computation in evaluating the marginal likelihood of the parameters involved.  Many approximate approaches have recently been proposed for inference about the generalized linear mixed model which refers to the Poisson mixed model as a special case, for example, the penalized quasi-likelihood (PQL) approach of Breslow and Clayton (1993), and the generalized estimating function (GEF) approach of Waclawiw and Liang (1993).  We show in the thesis that both the PQL and GEF produce inconsistent inference for the variance component in the Poisson mixed model.  The thesis then proposes a two-step approximate likelihood approach (AL) for the estimation of three types of parameters (fixed effect parameters, random effects and their variance component) in the Poisson mixed model.  In the first step, an approximate likelihood function of count data is constructed to estimate the fixed effect parameters and the variance component by applying a conjugate Bayesian theorem.  In the second step, the random effects are estimated by minimizing their approximate posterior mean square error.  Our estimates are always consistent for both the fixed effect parameters and the variance component.  When the actual variance component is near zero, our estimates are almost efficient for both the fixed effect parameters and the variance component, and are almost optimal for the random effects.  When the actual variance component is away from zero, our estimates are always asymptotically unbiased for the fixed effect parameters, whereas our estimate is asymptotically negative biased for the variance component.  Another desirable merit is that, unlike the existing approaches mentioned above, our estimates for both the fixed effect parameters and the variance component only depend on the distribution of random effects rather than the estimates of random effects.  An important finding is that the asymptotic covariance of our estimates for the fixed effect parameters will become smaller in general as the variance component, an index of the intra-cluster association, increases, and can be noticeably reduced by assigning the values of the fixed effect covariates as different as possible among different observations in any cluster.  However, if the fixed effect covariate has the same or almost equal values among different observations in any cluster, the asymptotic variance of the estimate for the corresponding fixed effect parameter may increase as the variance component gets larger.  This feature may be useful in designing a valid experiment or sampling for the Poisson mixed model.  Unless the variance component is small, the fixed effect covariates should be designed to have values as different as possible among different observations in any cluster.  It is further shown, through simulation, the proposed approach performs better than the PQL and GEF approaches.


identifier: Morgan, Christopher Charles Gradidge <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Morgan=3AChristopher_Charles_Gradidge=3A=3A.html>   (1977) On spaces of the same homotopy type as a CW-complex.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis has no abstract


identifier: Robertson, Arthur Joseph Lewis <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Robertson=3AArthur_Joseph_Lewis=3A=3A.html>   (1976) On the convergence of the sequence of iterates.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The main objective of this thesis is to study the convergence of sequences of various iterates to a fixed point in certain Banach spaces. -- The preliminaries of metric spaces, normed linear spaces, and basic fixed point concepts are covered in the first chapter. -- In the second chapter, the first section gives a brief statement of the problem of convergence of sequences of iterates. -- The second section traces the development of some of the more important results on the convergence of sequences of iterates.  The concept of a densifying mapping is then introduced and a similar development of theorems for these mappings is given. -- The last section covers a more general sequence of iterates.  An extension of a theorem by Senter [19] is presented and a corrected version of his original theorem is given.  The corrected version is then shown to be a corollary of the new theorem.  It is also shown that a condition Z of Rhoades [17] is a subset of one of the conditions of the new theorem.  The final theorem in this section is an extension of one by Petryshyn and Williamson [15] to this more general sequence of iterates.


identifier: Peschke, Georg <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Peschke=3AGeorg=3A=3A.html>   (1983) The "+" construction.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

title: The "+" construction


identifier: Rockwell, Beverley <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Rockwell=3ABeverley=3A=3A.html>   (1986) First time fathers and their perception of participation in labour and delivery.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purposes of this research were to obtain an overview of factors thought to predispose a man to participate in the childbearing cycle, changes occurring in men at this time, their perceptions of their participation and to test for the  presence of these factors in a sample of Newfoundland men. The study base was obtained from a review of available literature on expectant fathers. Implications of their participation were obtained from writings which pertained to the changing roles of father's. A conceptual model developed  from Role Theory served as a guide for identification and categorization of paternal behaviours described in the literature. Selected variables related to men's backgrounds,  physical and/or emotional changes, concerns and their preparation for fatherhood. Immediate post-partum reactions to participation in labour and delivery were explored. Reviewed literature suggested that the needs of fathers are not being met by health professionals, mainly due to lack of  empirical knowledge of what these needs are. -- The subjects  consisted of 36 first-time fathers who were present during labour and/or delivery. Data collection was by subject interview in early labour and post-delivery questionnaire. Frequencies and means of data were obtained in order to describe the population in relation to the variables being investigated. Factor analysis was performed on the fathers' perceptions of their participation. Tests of significance were performed using identified principal components as the dependent variables. In this manner differences of perceptions of prepared/unprepared fathers and birth attenders/non-attenders were obtained. -- Results revealed the majority of these fathers had experienced psychosocial changes and concerns during their wives' pregnancies. A minority reported physical changes. Prenatal classes had been attended by most of the men and a variety of activities  to augment their ability to support their wives during labour were reported. Preparation for the fatherhood role was suggested in the findings. Reported activities were informal and self-motivated. Analysis of activities supported the suggestion that there were, in fact, two operations occurring; preparation to provide support to the wife and preparation to be father to the child, but that health care professionals provided anticipatory guidance almost exclusively on the support functions of expectant fathers. Factor analysis of the post delivery questionnaire identified seven principal components which accounted for 66% of overall variance. The subjects' perceptions of their participation was, on the whole, positive. The exception was  in regards to knowledge of how to help their wives. Two tailed T tests performed on subgroups of this population showed two areas of statistical significance (p. = < 0.02). Perceptions of the processes of labour and delivery was more positive both in prepared fathers than unprepared and in men  who had attended delivery than those who had not. -- The finding's of this study suggest an evaluation of prenatal course content, inclusion of fathers psychosocial needs in the antenatal assessment of each pregnancy and the development of a tool which would assess each participating father's desires and abilities to carry out support functions during labour and delivery. However, the results of this study are descriptive in nature and further research  is recommended.


identifier: Drodge, Wesley Jacob 1945- <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Drodge=3AWesley_Jacob_1945-=3A=3A.html>   (1980) Funding of health sciences research in a faculty of medicine : a case study.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of this research was a case study of the factors  affecting the funding of Health Sciences Research in the Faculty of Medicine at Memorial University of Newfoundland. -- Data was collected from the various sources such as the Faculty of Medicine, the University, the Association of Canadian Medical Colleges, the Medical Research Council, Statistics Canada, and the Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada. Various factors such as grant amounts, numbers, types, sources, numbers of faculty and students, organizational structures, etc., were documented and analyzed. -- The findings indicated that while there was growth in funding of Health Sciences Research, more effort needs to be put into increasing the share that the Faculty of Medicine gets from the national total. A concerted effort needs to be taken to ensure that all avenues for potential funding are explored. The success or otherwise of these efforts should be analysed yearly. In addition, the lack of provincial and local research funding needs to be addressed specifically. -- Through this study a partial insight was gained into the past and present operation of the Faculty of  Medicine and a baseline was established for future research. The methods used should provide useful tools for future researchers.


identifier: Smith, Janet Dawne <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Smith=3AJanet_Dawne=3A=3A.html>   (1987) Factors affecting adherence of Staphylococcus epidermidis in peritoneal dialysis solutions.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Staphylococcus epidermidis is the most frequent cause of peritonitis complicating continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). During CAPD, S. epidermidis presumably enters the peritoneal cavity through the surgical incision along the outer surface of the catheter tubing or less frequently through its lumen. The catheter is a foreign body  and the peritoneal dialysis solution (PDS) may support bacterial attachment and growth. -- Virulence mechanisms of S. epidermidis are poorly understood, but adherence properties and the presence of slime on some strains may contribute to this organism's ability to cause peritonitis. -- Using an in vitro model for adherence, eight strains of S. epidermidis (two non-slime and six slime-producers) were tested in fresh and post-dialysis PDS. The effects of various additives (insulin, serum, albumin, and protamine sulfate) and antibiotics (gentamicin, penicillin, and cephalothin) on bacterial adherence to catheters were tested. -- The presence of slime production did not enhance adherence to polyvinyl catheters used in this study. Compared to fresh PDS, there was a significant decrease in bacterial adherence in post-dialysis PDS for all strains tested. Insulin (5 units/mL), 5% serum, protamine sulfate (125 and 250 mg/L), gentamicin (0.06 and 0.12 mg/L), penicillin (0.06 and 0.12 mg/L), and cephalothin (0.12 and 0.25 mg/L) decreased adherence of bacteria to the catheter by at least four-fold compared to controls. A 5.0% concentration of albumin decreased adherence three-fold compared to controls. There was a 1.5-fold decrease in adherence with 0.625% serum, a four-fold decrease with 1.25%  and 2.5% serum, and a six-fold decrease with 5.0% serum. The  10.0% serum additive produced nearly a ten-fold decrease in bacterial adherence to the catheter, compared to controls. Also, the 5% serum, heated at 60° C for one hour, decreased adherence two-fold. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed these results. Adherence was greatest in fresh PDS with no additive or antibiotic and least in post-dialysis PDS with an additive or an antibiotic. -- These studies showed that certain therapeutic additives and antibiotics may inhibit pathogenetic mechanisms of S. epidermidis. In vivo studies are required to evaluate whether these results seen in vitro have relevance in the clinical situation.


identifier: Laher, Janet Michelle <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Laher=3AJanet_Michelle=3A=3A.html>   (1983) Factors influencing the intestinal absorption of hydrocarbon carcinogens.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This study was undertaken to determine mechanisms involved in absorption of Tipophilic xenobiotics and to define factors which may alter their bioavailabilities. First examined were the in vitro partitions of 3 hydrocarbon carcinogens, 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA), 3-methylcholanthrene and benzo(a)pyrene and one polychlorinated biphenyl compound, between an emulsified oil phase and a mixed micellar solution simulating intestinal content. Nearly identical behaviours were exhibited by the 4  hydrocarbons whose solubilization was directly dependent upon the formation of bile salt micelles. Solubilization was  enhanced by increasing concentrations of bile salt, reduction of triglyceride concentration and the formation of  mixed rather than pure bile salt micelles. Micelles containing long-chain fatty acid and monoglyceride were better able than medium-chain lipid mixed micelles to solubilize the hydrocarbons. The second part of the study examined intraluminal factors which might alter hydrocarbon bioavailability in vivo. Conscious, restrained rats were administered ³H-DMBA in various lipid test meals via duodenal cannulae. Subsequent biliary excretion or plasma levels of radiolabel were monitored using common bile duct or tail arterial catheters. In the absence of luminal bile, DMBA was absorbed from triglyceride vehicles to an appreciable extent. Luminal bile replacement did not influence radiolabel recovery from the medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) but dramatically enhanced it from long-chain triglycerides(LCT) whether mono- or polyunsaturated. With luminal bile present, plasma levels and biliary recovery were significantly greater from both LCTs than from  the MCT carrier. In a 6. hour study period, plasma levels of  radiolabel were inversely related to the volume of triolein carrier. Rats receiving intraduodenal infusions of ³H-DMBA biliary products subsequently eliminated 33% of the dose in their bile within 24 hours. In rats with lymphatic fistulae,  biliary radiolabel excretion was used as an indirect index of hydrocarbon. Increasing doses of radiolabel were administered then relative lymphatic and biliary radiolabel recoveries were monitored. Despite a 2000-fold variation in dose (10 μq vs 20 mg) total recoveries as percentage administered were similar. Although some degree of increased  lymphatic transport was evident with increasing DMBA burden,  at least 75% of absorbed radiolabel was transported in portal blood. This study demonstrates that conditions favouring micellar solubilization of hydrocarbon in the intestinal lumen produce greatest bioavailabilities. Portal transport accounts for the major route of hydrocarbon (or derivative) transport following ingestion with the lymphatic  system playing only an auxiliary role. 0nce in the body, the compound is efficiently excreted in the bile and extensive enterohepatic recycling ensues.


identifier: Butler, Ann Marie F. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Butler=3AAnn_Marie_F=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1986) Biochemical genetics of orosomucoid.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

title: Biochemical genetics of orosomucoid

abstract: This investigation demonstrates that electrophoretically cryptic genetic variation involving methionine residues, can  be resolved using site-specific cleavage of the polypeptide chain with cyanogen bromide, followed by SDS-polyacrylamide electrophoresis of the fragments. Orosomucoid, also called α₁-acid glycoprotein, was used as the model to test this approach because the proportion of methionine residues has been reported to be less than unity in this protein, evidence that can be interpreted as due to heterogeneity. A method to purify the model protein, orosomucoid, from as little as 0.5 ml of serum was developed,as a first step in this investigation. Genetic analysis of familial and population material confirmed a polymorphism, Val/Met, at residue 156.


identifier: Baldeh, Mansajang P. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Baldeh=3AMansajang_P=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1987) Characterization of receptors for encephalomyocarditis virus on cells.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: A great deal more is known about viruses than about the receptor structures that allow entry of viruses into cells. The work reported in this thesis was aimed at finding out more about the structure of a receptor for the mouse encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus that is found on some mouse cells and on human erythroid cells. Since previous reports clarified that the receptor for EMC virus on the human crythrocyte is glycophorin A (Allaway et al., 1986), a virus-Sepharose column was used to study the binding of glycophorin to the column as well as to study binding between the virus and its surface receptors on human erythrocytes and Krebs II ascites tumour cells. Glycophorin was retained on the virus-Sepharose column and was eluted with 0.02 M sodium phosphate buffer pII 8.0 containing 0.02 to 0.05 M NaCI. This result indicates that weak ionie interactions are involved between the virus and glycophorin. -- Radio-labelled molecules from red cell membranes solubilized in detergent were found to bind to EMC virus-Sepharose and analysis of eluates by electrophoresis showed that the bound material contained both glycophorins A and B.  When glycophorins A and B isolated by gel filtration on Biogel columns were separately applied to the EMC virus-Sepharose column, both sialoglycoproteins (glycophorius A and B) were retained on the virus column. Contrary to previous reports this result suggests that both glycophorins  A and B may serve as receptors for EMC virus. -- Radio-labelled molecules from red cell membranes solubilized in detergent were found to bind to EMC virus-Sepharose and analysis of eluates by electrophoresis showed that the bound material contained both glycophorins A and B. When glycophorins A and B isolated by gel filtration on Biogel columns were separately applied to the EMC virus-Sepharose column, both sialoglycoproteins (glycophorins A and B) were retained on the virus column. Contrary to previous reports this result suggests that both glycophorins A and B may serve as receptors for EMC virus. -- Radio-labelled Krebs cell membranes were solubilized in detergent and applied to the virus-Sepharose column. The column eluates analysed by SDS-PAGE showed a peak at the origin of the gel and this material was sensitive to trypsin treatment but not treatment with neuraminidase which releases sialic acids. This result suggests that the receptor for EMC virus on the Krebs cell may be a non sialylated glycoprotein. -- In a second approach, to characterize the receptor for EMC virus on cells, anti-idiotypic antibodies were used. Antibodies to the EMC virus were raised in New Zealand White rabbits; these antibodies were purified by affinity chromatography and then injected into the same breed of rabbits to produce anti-idiotypic antibodies. Such antibodies should mimic the binding properties of the virus itself. The anti-idiotypic antibodies were found to: -- 1. bind to glycophorin immobilised on nitrocellulose. -- 2. immunoprecipitate blycophorin from solubilized radiolabelled red cell membranes. -- 3. agglutinate both human and sheep erythrocytes but not bovine nor rabbit red blood cells. -- These results suggest that anti-idiotypic antibodies against EMC virus have been successfully made and these antibodies bind to the receptor for EMC virus on human erythorocytes.


identifier: Croft, Anne Lorraine Condon <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Croft=3AAnne_Lorraine_Condon=3A=3A.html>   (1984) Health manpower planning in Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: An increasing emphasis is being placed on health manpower planning both nationally and internationally as governments,  employers, and professional associations jointly attempt to provide a better and more cost effective health care delivery system,. This thesis (a) presents a synopsis of the  major methodological approaches to estimating health manpower supply and requirements, (b) provides a summary of health manpower planning activities within the Province of Newfoundland, and (c) estimates the current and future supply and requirements for nursing manpower in Newfoundland  over a five-year planning time frame. -- The findings of the  research with regards to the provincial nurse manpower situation are that current supply meets current requirements  and that projected supply would exceed projected demand given the methodological approaches to supply and requirements that are utilized in the thesis. While the findings also suggest that there may be a surplus of nurses at the end of the planning time frame, the author is not prepared to state definitely that such will be the case due to the changing labour force participation rates of women and the trend towards part-time employment by nurses. The author stresses also in this regard that the supply and requirements estimates derived in any study are, in large part, determined by the planning methodology chosen. -- The major conclusions to be drawn from the thesis are (a) while several formal approaches to health manpower planning exist,  not all of them will be applicable in all settings due to factors such as the non-availability of data and limited financial, time and human resources; (b) health manpower planning is a very imprecise and hazard prone activity; and (c) there is a need for increased flexibility in health manpower policy and decision making. The thesis concludes with the caution that mechanistic techniques are not a substitute for insight and the recommendation that the use of expert opinion and professional judgement continue to be incorporated with any future manpower planning activities that take place within the Province.


identifier: Salimonu, Lekan Samusa <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Salimonu=3ALekan_Samusa=3A=3A.html>   (1976) Immunoglobulin measurements in a genetic isolate.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In three geographically and genetically close Newfoundland communities, there was an aggregate of 19 cases of Hodgkins disease, embryonic tumour, lymphosarcoma, leukaemia, thymoma and immunodeficiency. In this study, 939 sera from community members and control samples from 321 blood donors and healthy children were tested for their concentrations of  immunoglobulins G, A, M and D by immunodiffusion. The results were submitted to a multifactorial analysis of variance. -- The main findings were that (i) significant differences in immunoglobulin concentrations associated with  age and sex; (ii) no significant association between variations in tonsil size and the mean concentrations of the 4 immunoglobulin classes; (iii) the mean concentrations of IgG, IgA and IgM were elevated in the first and second degree relatives of the patients particularly relatives of those with embryonic tumour, lymphosarcoma, leukaemia and thymoma, and of those with immunodeficiency, and to a lesser  extent in relatives of patients with Hodgkins disease; (iv) the relatives of patients with Hodgkins disease had a significantly elevated mean IgD level compared with the mean  IgD levels found for other groups; (v) many relatives of the  patients showed immunoglobulin deficiencies of various grades and one case each of hypogammaglobulinemia and isolated IgA deficiency. -- Elevated immunoglobulins in relatives of patients with lymphoreticular malignancies and immunodeficiencies may result from increased antigenic stimulation of the immune system, perhaps by an infective agent. A subtle form of immunodeficiency which permits the entry of antigens into these individuals more easily than in   healthy people, may be a predisposing factor. It is also possible that the closely associated immunodeficiency and malignancy could both result from the same cause. The peculiar genetic make up of this community with a high incidence of inbreeding raises the possibility of an inherited disposition to both conditions. Continued exposure  of the community to an infective agent (Virus(es)) may lead to raised immunoglobulin levels in many people, and to overt  disease such as malignancy or severe immunodeficiency in a few. Since the functional state of the immune system may be inherited, it is likely that the predisposition to virus carriage is genetically determined. -- It is suggested that both genetic and environmental factors may be contributing significantly to immunopathology in these communities.


identifier: Boisseau, Deirdre-Ann <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Boisseau=3ADeirdre-Ann=3A=3A.html>   (1989) Evaluation of a densitometric method for detecting null genes of the fourth component of complement, C4.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
The fourth component of complement (C4) is encoded by tandem  MHC-linkcd genes, C4A and C4B. C4A and C4B have multiple alleles, including nulls, at each locus. Individuals who are  homozygous null for C4A or C4B are identified by the absence  of C4A or C4B in scrum. The complete absence of C4A is strongly associated with systemic lupus crythematosus (SLE).  Although the C4A or C4B heterozygous-null genotype can only be assigned with certainty when informative family data are available, many investigators use relative intensity of C4A/C4B bands after serum electrophoresis to assign null alleles. These assignments are based on unproven assumptions  regarding gene-dose and relative C4A/B expression, and pose a serious problem in population studies that attempt to show  associations between null C4 alleles and disease, as for example in SLE. In this study the usefulness of C4A:C4B ratio measured by densitometry of typing bands as a method for detecting null alleles was examined. -- C4A:C4B densitometric ratios were determined for 108 individuals genotyped by family studies. Discriminant analysis was used to compare genotype derived from family data with genotype predicted from A:B ratio. Mean ratios for various C4 genotypes and total C4 concentrations by single radial immunodiffusion were also evaluated. C4A:C4B ratios were then determined for six populations of unrelated individuals  including SLE and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and control subjects. Observed frequencies for genotypes predicted by A:B ratio were compared to expected frequencies, assuming Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. MHC data were evaluated for individuals mis-classified by densitometry, and those with very high and very low ratios. -- The results of this study showed that the overall accuracy of the densitometric method was approximately 80%. The main error in the method was the false identification of  subjects as heterozygous null for C4A. The overall mis-classification trend toward the heterozygous null C4A group suggested that many individuals may have more C4B than C4A. Using densitometric measures of C4A:C4B ratio to estimate
population frequencies of carriers of null C4 genes tended to overestimate the frequency of carriers of null C4A. The overestimation was pronounced in populations in which the actual frequency of the null C4A gene was low. The assumptions upon which the densitometric method is based may  not be valid because the MHC haplotype HLA-B17, C4A6C4B1, HLA-DR7 may carry a C4A6 that is expressed at low levels, and the haplotype HLA-B44, C4A3C4BQ0 may carry two copies of  C4A3 or a single A3 that is expressed at high levels. -- In summary, the ratio of C4A to C4B in an individual's serum is  an inaccurate predictor of his/her genotype.


identifier: Marshall, Trudy <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Marshall=3ATrudy=3A=3A.html>   (1988) CIS- and trans-regulation of human papillomavirus types 16, 18, and 11 gene expression.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: A comparative study was made of the regulatory elements enhancers/promoters) of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16,  18, and 11. This was accomplished by inserting the noncoding  region (ncr) fragment of each viral type immediately upstream of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene  in the pSV0-CAT plasmid to test for promoter function and into the enhancerless pAl0 CAT plasmid to test for enhancer function. In this manner, the noncoding regions of HPV 16, 18, and 11 were shown to contain enhancer and/or promoter function. In addition, the constitutive enhancers of HPV 16, 18, and 11 were localized to 315 bp, 230 bp, and 213 bp fragments, respectively. Comparison of the DNA sequence homologies of the viral enhancers indicates that the HPV 16 and 18 enhancer elements are closer in sequence homology than either HPV 16 or 18 is to the HPV 11 enhancer. Enhancer  activity of the ncr of these viruses was tested for expression in several cervical and noncervical cell lines. The sequence relatedness of these HPV ncrs corresponds to the differences in cell specificities observed among the HPV  16, 18, and 11 enhancer elements. HPV 16 and 18 enhancer activity, is restricted to cervical epithelial cells, whereas the HPV 11 enhancer appears to be active in a wider range of cell lines. The conditional enhancer activity of the ncr of these viruses is increased in trans by the E2 gene product of HPV 16 and is repressed by the E7 gene product of HPV 16. Trans-activation by E2 is mediated through the E2 binding motif on HPV enhancer plasmids with a heterologous but not with a homologous promoter.


identifier: Thurston, Wilfreda Enid <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Thurston=3AWilfreda_Enid=3A=3A.html>   (1985) Patterns of use of a shelter for battered women in Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Wife battering is now recognized as a widespread problem with serious social, medical, and legal consequences.  The literature on aggression and violence in general, and on wife battering in particular, is insufficient to explain this phenomenon adequately.  It does indicate that battered women exist in all socioeconomic strata and that the theories on wife battering must address the cultural and political context in which it occurs.  Hundreds of non-governmental services have been opened in response to the needs of these women.  Shelters providing temporary accomodation are the most common.  Little is known about how these services are used. -- This study analyzed data collected by one shelter.  Women admitted in the first three years because of spouse abuse (N=297) were included.  Data on the sociodemographic characteristics, health status, history of abuse, and admission characteristics of these women as well as some details on the admission are presented. -- The results indicate that this shelter was a much needed service which was well received by battered women.  Women from a variety of backgrounds used the shelter.  Although the women had many contacts with professionals from social, legal, and medical services, few were referred to the shelter by these services.  It is clear that shelters are an important source of data for understanding the problems and needs of battered women.  The data indicate that some specialized training may be needed for staff of shelters and for professionals who are in contact with battered women.  The issue of prevention should be addressed in order to aid battered women and to decrease demands on the health care system.  The large number of children admitted to this shelter suggests a need for information on the children of battered women and their response to services designed for their mothers.