title: Perceptions of education : voices from an isolated reserve community in Northern Canada

contributor:
Courtland, Mary Clare
McLeod, Roderick W.

subject: Indians of North America Education Canada

subject: Multicultural education Canada

subject: Indians of North America Ethnic identity

abstract: This qualitative study describes the perceptions held by the stakeholders of education in a self-governed northern isolated community of the goals of education and curriculum for Aboriginal children. The study recognizes the uniqueness of individual Aboriginal communities and represents a departure from previous studies which attempt to attribute a common educational/curriculum base for all Aboriginal children. Eight respondents were interviewed. Four themes emerged from the analyses of the data: general perceptions of education and curriculum, concerns and issues, goals for education and curriculum, and dimensions of curriculum. The study found that the school is the heart of the community. Respondents were unsure of the teaching methods, curriculum and policy-making procedures used within the school. Respondents indicated that there is a need for updated resources and a curriculum which is relevant to Aboriginal culture and which focuses on the unique needs of the community. The respondents were unanimous in their hopes that the students would finish secondary school and continue some form of post-secondary education to enable them to make career choices. The researcher anticipated that the Christian fundamentalist roots of the community would influence the perceptions of the goals of education and curriculum. Although the Christian roots were evident, the influence was not pervasive.


title: Narrating activist education: teachers' stories of affecting social and political change

contributor:
Walton, Gerald
Breunig, Mary
Berger, Paul

subject: Activist education

subject: Social, cultural, political and pedagogical perspectives

subject: Deweyan learning environments

subject: Invitational educational environments

subject: Critical pedagogical praxis

subject: Experiential learning vs. experiential education

abstract:
The
project
was
undertaken
in
order
to
gain
a
deeper
understanding
of
the
conceptual
and
practical
relationships
between
education
and
activism.
Of
particular
concern
is
how
teachers
perceive
this
landscape
from
social,
cultural,
political,
and
pedagogical
perspectives.
Underpinning
this
research
is
a
presupposition
that
education
has
the
potential
to
create
a
less
oppressive
and
more
socially
just
world.
Methodologically
informed
by
narrative
inquiry,
ten
participants
were
interviewed
using
a
semi-‐structured
interview
format
that
encouraged
story
telling.
The
approach
to
the
interviews
was
based
in
an
understanding
of
stories
as
fluid
and
organic
organisms.
Deleuze
and
Guattari’s
(1987)
notion
of
concepts
as
rhizomes
was
helpful
in
theorizing
this
approach.
Participants
were
encouraged
to
share
stories
of
their
experiences
as
activist
educators,
the
transcripts
of
each
were
parsed
for
relevant
stories,
following
McCormack’s
(2000a,
b)
multiple
lenses
approach,
and
then
curated
into
an
experience
narrative
for
each
participant.
Three
meaningful
rhizomes
were
discerned
from
the
body
of
experience
narratives.
Analysis
of
stories
indicated
that
activist
education
may
be
understood
as
socially,
politically,
and
pedagogically
oriented.
Social
elements
have
to
do
with
human
relations,
how
people
treat
each
other,
and
how
they
learn
these
ideas
through
education.
Political
elements
refer
to
normative
dimensions
of
activism
and
education:
what
decisions
should
be
made
in
order
to
live
well?
Who
should
be
included
in
making
these
decisions,
and
who
is
excluded?
Pedagogical
elements
reflect
the
importance
of
experiences
as
vehicles
for
learning,
and
the
potential
for
activism
to
be
a
source
of
rich
learning
experiences.
These
three
strands
are
not
strictly
independent,
but
rather
are intricately
intertwined,
and
even
chameleonic
at
times;
that
is
to
say
that
activist
education
may
be
social
at
one
moment,
but
transform
into
something
more
political
or
pedagogical
at
another
moment
according
to
the
needs
of
the
teachers
and
students
and
the
contexts
in
which
they
find
themselves.
The
findings
of
this
work
are
significant
both
for
teachers
who
identify
as
activist
educators,
teachers
who
do
not
immediately
see
themselves
as
activist
educators
but
who
are
interested
in
anti-‐oppressive
and
social
justice
education,
and
others
who
are
interested
in
social
justice
and
anti-‐oppressive
education.
The
stories
shared
by
the
ten
participants
in
this
research
illustrate
a
broad
range
of
activist
education
approaches
that
range
from
simple
and
politically
safe,
to
complex
and
politically
contentious.
Readers
of
the
participants’
stories
and
accompanying
theorizing
have
an
opportunity
to
better
understand
ways
that
education,
as
a
process
that
changes
students
and
teachers,
can
play
a
role
in
social
change
both
in
schools
and
the
societies
and
cultures
in
which
they
are
situated.


title: Fanning the flames? Negotiating gendered identity in forest fire suppression

subject:
Forest fire fighters
Gender identity
Female firefighters

abstract:
This thesis is an examination of gendered identity in a regional Canadian
community. Using ethnographic observation and in-depth interviews, I explore the
ways in which female forest firefighters negotiate ‘competent’ identities in the face
of formal and informal workplace barriers. Drawing on literature from sociology
and women’s studies that focuses on gendered subjectivity, spatial environments,
sociology of the body, and women in non-traditional work, I examine how varied
workplace settings and the social interactions that take place within them shape
women’s gendered subjectivity. In contrast to the existing literature on forest fire
suppression, the majority of which focuses on male firefighters, this study explores
the daily experiences of female firefighters at the Thunder Bay District Fire Center
and out on the fire line.
I argue female firefighters in northwestern Ontario construct and maintain
‘competent’ workplace identities in ways that suggest a marked departure from the
monolithic image of the firefighter as an ‘adrenaline junkie,’ a notion advanced in
much of the existing literature (Maclean 1999; Thoele 1995). In this context, this
study recognizes that the negotiation of gendered identity is a complex and nuanced
exercise. I suggest that the work of Thoele (1995) and Greer and Hendrickson
(2001), a promising point of departure, fails to adequately distinguish between the
plurality of identities operating in the Fire Program.


title: Attempts to differentiate elaphostrongyline larvae (Nematoda : Protostrongylidae) using guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) as alternate hosts

subject:
Nematoda Larvae Identification
Cervidae Parasites

abstract:
First-and third-stage larvae of Parelaphostrongylus tenuis, P. andersoni
and Elaphostrongylus cervi could not be distinguished morphometrically. Third-stage
larvae of P. tenuis did develop into recognizable adults in
experimentally-infected guinea pigs, but P. andersoni and E. cervi did not. At
present, elaphostrongyline larvae found in the feces of cervids in eastern
North America are most likely to be either P. tenuis or P. andersoni-, this
study confirms that the experimental infection of guinea pigs will allow this
distinction to be made. Because E. cervi is currently believed to be restricted
to Newfoundland, its third-stage larvae are distinguished by geographic origin.
As many as 22 migrating P. tenuis larvae were recovered from outside the
central nervous system (CNS) of each of seven guinea pigs necropsied between
1 and 27 days post-infection (DPI); all resembled third-stage larvae digested
from snails and used for infections. From one to six developing P. tenuis
larvae were recovered from the CNS of each of fourteen infected guinea pigs.
These included third-stage larvae, longer than reported in published literature,
which were recovered as early as 9 DPI and as late as 20 DPI in the CNS.
Fourth-stage larvae were recovered between 18 and 47 DPI, and fifth-stage
larvae between 20 and 61 DPI; these stages were only found in the CNS. The
morphology of the buccal capsule and the tail distinguished the third-, fourth and
fifth- stage larvae. Descriptions and dimensions of third- and fourth-stage
P. tenuis larvae recovered from the CNS are provided for the first time.
Lesions found in the stomach wall, mesentery and liver of guinea pigs
infected with P. tenuis suggest that third-stage larvae migrate through the
abdominal cavity towards the CNS. Similar lesions found in guinea pigs infected with P. andersoni and E. cervi suggest that larvae of these species
follow a similar route. However, P. andersoni apparently failed to reach the
musculature of any of six experimentally-infected guinea pigs. Similarly, E.
cervi was not recovered from the CNS or musculature of any of six
experimentally-infected guinea pigs.
Administration of dexamethasone appears to have been ineffective in
suppressing the immune response of guinea pigs to infection with these
elaphostrongylines. The mean number of P. tenuis larvae recovered from the
CNS of guinea pigs given dexamethasone was not significantly different from
that recovered from guinea pigs given saline. Treatment with dexamethasone
allowed neither P. andersoni nor E. cervi larvae to establish in guinea pigs.


title: Past reproductive events and finger digit ratio as predictors of symptom severity, psychological distress, and medical treatment-seeking during the perimenopausal period

subject:
Menopause
Menopausal endocrinology
Stages of menopause
Menopause symptoms
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
Perimenopausal

abstract: Researchers have found that reproductive events in which levels of estrogen increase or decrease can influence the emergence of psychological distress in some women, and it has been propsed that some women may be more sensitive to hormonal changes across the lifespan (Brace & McCauley, 1997; Deecher et al., 2008). Further, finger digit ratio (2D:4D) may serve as a measure of prenatal hormonal exposure (Manning, 2008), and may be able to identify women who are sensitive to particular hormone changes.


title: Investigating the qualities of raw lithic material and the selection pressures of lithic materials from the gunflint formation, in Ontario Canada

contributor:
Matheson, Carney
Fralick, Philip
Ross, Bill

subject:
Gunflint Formation
Paleoindian period
Archaic period
Bedrock formations
Lithic raw material
Prehistoric archaeology

abstract: The study of stone tools in archaeology has advanced considerably in recent years, from the early ideas of what makes a stone anthropogenically modified to using advanced spectroscopic techniques to help determine ancient trade networks and group relationships. However, there is a gap in our understanding of how the raw material behaves during manufacture and the attributes that make it favorable for selection at a quarry. There are many physical characteristics and various properties, including cultural aspects that need to be examined before researchers can further develop our understanding in these areas. Using the material quarried from the Gunflint Formation in Northwestern Ontario, Canada as a case study, the presented research aims to address some of these gaps in our understanding. In order to achieve this goal, new applications for testing were developed and statistical analysis was employed to determine the potential usefulness of each test. In addition, this study placed the data collected into a framework to answer a specific question related to the archaeological sites; what are the desirable traits in the Crane Site bifaces and are they manufactured from material sourced from one of the local quarry sites? Moreover, an effort was made to source by traditional and chemical techniques, these artifacts to specific outcrops within a single geologic formation. Overall, there was some success achieved at least in terms of using these methods as a sorting method for organizing large samples, building a local lithology of the raw material and, sourcing materials to specific outcrop locations.


title: Energy-efficient electronic health monitoring system with wireless body area networks

contributor:
Ikki, Salama
Bedeer, Ebrahim
Dekka, Apparao
Hai, Shafiqul

subject:
Wireless body area networks
Energy harvesting (WBANs)
Wireless communication
eHealth monitoring system

abstract:
Recent evolution and technological advancement in wireless communications and micro electronics
have enabled enhanced research trends toward wireless body area networks (WBANs). This emerging new
field of research plays an important role in medical and healthcare services. An electronic health
(eHealth) monitoring system is one of the major applications of WBANs that in addition to saving
lives can provide cost-effective healthcare services by replacing the need for costly in-hospital
monitoring with wearable or implanted monitoring systems that help early detection and prevention
of any abnormal physiological activities that could risk the patients'  lives.  Such a system
continuously  monitors  the patient 's vital signs and helps patients to  involve in their  routine
 activities  of daily life without requiring intensive or specialized medical services all the
time, thus creating significant enhancement in the standard of  living.  One of the  key
challenges that limit the widespread usage of eHealth solutions in practical healthcare facilities
is the limited battery life of sensor nodes (SNs) that are needed to be replaced/ recharged
manually once the energy is depleted. In most scenarios, battery replacement is not preferable, and
it becomes highly unsuitable and impractical, especially when the SNs are implanted inside the
human body. This limited battery capacity of SNs not only causes a performance bottleneck but is
also likely to disrupt the future operations of SNs, which may cause a life hazard. Therefore, in
order to have seamless and efficient implementation of an eHealth monitoring WBAN, improving the
SNs' lifetime or energy efficiency (EE) is of paramount importance. [...]


title: Effects of forest management, weather, and landscape pattern on furbearer harvests at large-scales

contributor:
Runesson, Ulf
Thompson, Ian
Mackereth, Rob

subject: Fur-bearing animals Effect of logging on Ontario

subject: Trapping Ontario

subject: Fur-bearing animals Effect of forest management on Ontario

subject: Forest management

subject: Geographic information system (GIS)

abstract:
Over the past 50 years, Ontario’s forest landscape has changed due to ever increasing
natural resource management. The natural vegetation pattern, forest composition, and the
fire regime have been altered. Maintaining wildlife species diversity is an important goal
of current forest management. However, little is understood about the impacts of large-scale
land use and landscape scale processes that influence wildlife. This project used
trapline harvest statistics from 1972-1990 to identify broad-scale effects of forest
management, weather, and landscape structure on furbearers (marten, beaver, fisher, and
lynx).
Spatial variables for logging and fire disturbance, forest cover type, weather, spatial
pattern, and road density were compiled in a geographic information system (GIS) and
standardized by trapline. Regression models were created for each species and analysed
at five spatial scales ranging from the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (OMNR)
district (5000 sq. km) to the ‘provincial’ (800,000 sq. km) scales. The models were then
compared temporally and spatially for consistency in variable contribution to the
regression models. Forest cover type, weather, and spatial pattern variables accounted for
the greatest variation in furbearer harvest, while disturbance and road density variables
accounted for little variation. Model predictive capability ranged from 10 to 55% for all
species. Marten models had the greatest predictive power (r2) at the ‘OMNR District’
scale, while fisher and beaver models had the highest r2 values at the ‘Hills site region’
and ‘provincial’ scales, respectively. Lynx models were inconsistent with relatively low
predictive power at all scales.
The models suggest that disturbance from forest management is not affecting furbearer
harvests. Landscape scale variables such as forest cover type, weather, and landscape
pattern account for a relatively high proportion of marten, beaver, and fisher harvests.
These variables and the predictive power of the models reveal the influence that broad
landscape factors have on wildlife.


title: Kakanjegawin, to know. Anishinawbe epistemology and education : a philosophic and holistic exploration of Anishinawbe approaches to knowledge and implications in education / by Amy Lynn Farrell.

contributor:
Iseke, Judy
Wolf, Sandra
Robson, Robert
Jickling, Robert

subject:
Native peoples - Education
Ojibwa Indians - Education.
Anishinawbe knowledge
Indigenous knowledge

abstract:
Ttiis literature-based study explores the holistic and tradition-based
Anishinawbe knowledge systems and what it means to know in the
Anishinawbe sense. Several aspects of discussion include the source from
which knowledge is attained, the manner in which knowledge is passed
down through the generations, and how one can recognize that knowledge
through various ways of knowing. Or, what does it mean to ‘know’ in a
traditional Anishinawbe sense? Implications and the importance of
Anishinawbe epistemology and culture in traditional Anishinawbe education
are also discussed.
This study is holistic in the same basis as that of the Anishinawbe
knowledge system which is interconnected with all things. This provides some understanding of the complexities of this and provides insight to the roots of traditional Anishinawbe teachings and knowledge acquisition.
Medicine wheel or Sacred circle information (leaf 11, leaf 33)


title: Height, growth and site index of jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb) in the Thunder Bay area : a system of site quality evaluation

subject: Jack pine

subject: Forest site quality

subject: Site index (Forestry) Ontario Thunder Bay

abstract:
Height growth patterns and site index were studied using stem analyses
taken from dominant and codominant trees growing on 109 plots located in
mature, natural, fully stocked evenaged stands of jack pine {Pinus banksiana Lamb.) in the Thunder Bay area. The observed height/age data were modeled using several nonlinear biological growth models: Richards growth model (1959); a modified Weibull function; and an expansion of the Richards model proposed by Ek (1971).
Height growth patterns of jack pine varied with level of site index, being
more curvilinear as level of site index increased. Height growth patterns were similar for jack pine growing on glacialfluvial sands, on moraines, on lacustrine soils and shallow to bedrock soils. Analyses showed that site index curves were more precise when based on breast height age instead of total age of the trees.
Height growth curves, site index curves and a site index prediction equation
were calculated from the jack pine stem analyses data. A modification of the
Chi-squared distribution was used for testing the accuracy of the site index
curves and prediction equation. The accuracy of the computed curves was tested using independent stem analyses data from 32 additional confirmation plots. Comparisons with this independent data showed very close agreement; the 95% prediction intervals calculated for the site index curves and site index prediction equation using independent data are -0.17 ± 0.89 m and -0.20 ± 1.14 m respectively.
Comparison between Plonski’s (1974) formulated site index curves for jack
pine and the site index curves produced in this study indicate differences in
predicted heights at ages greater than index age (50 years), but no differences younger than index age. Plonski’s site index curves showed lower predicted heights for each level of site index at ages greater than 60 years.


title: Sport perfectionism and risk factors of sport injury rehabilitation overadherence

contributor:
Gotwals, John
Sanzo, Paola
Smith, Leanne

subject:
Perfectionism and overstriving (Sport)
Rehabilitation overadherence
Sport injury

abstract:
Rehabilitation overadherence is a form of nonadherence in which individuals exceed
practitioners’ guidelines regarding the rehabilitation of their injury, resulting in enhanced risk for
re-injury and prolonged recovery (Granquist, Podlog, Engel, & Newland, 2014). Overadherence
is common among overly-motivated injured athletes with intense personalities (Niven, 2007).
This suggests that perfectionism may be a factor that puts injured athletes at a greater risk of
rehabilitation overadherence. This study utilized the 2 × 2 model of perfectionism (Gaudreau &
Thomspon, 2010) to investigate this claim. Injured athletes (N = 82; Mage = 27.45 years, SD =
10.88) currently undergoing supervised rehabilitation completed measures of two perfectionism
dimensions (personal standards and evaluative concerns) and four overadherence risk factors
(Effortful Healing, Expedited Rehabilitation, Inclinations to Overadhere, and Normalization of
pain). A series of multiple regression analyses tested whether the perfectionism dimensions
interacted to predict each overadherence risk factor. No significant effects were found for
Effortful Healing and Expedited Rehabilitation. A significant main effect (b = 0.17) indicated
that higher levels of evaluative concerns predicted greater Inclinations to Overadhere. A
significant interaction effect (b = -0.07) identified a similar relationship between evaluative
concerns and Normalization of Pain, but specified that this relationship was greatest when
personal standards were low. Findings are interpreted in line with the 2 × 2 model’s hypotheses
and identified initial evidence of the associations between perfectionism and sport injury
rehabilitation overadherence. The discussion speculates as to why relationships were evident for
some overadherence risk factors, but not others, elaborates on the role of evaluative concerns
perfectionism in overadherence, and suggests practical implications for practitioners.


title: Morphological variation in subalpine fir and its relationship to balsam fir in western Canada and the United States

subject:
Abies lasiocarpa
Balsam fir
Variation (Biology)
Subalpine fir
Taxonomy
Morphological variation

abstract:
To help clarify the taxonomy of the two closely related North American firs
subalpine fir {Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.) and balsam fir {Abies balsamea
(L.) Mill.) in western Canada and the United States, 10 populations of
subalpine fir from Yukon Territory, northern British Columbia, and Alaska were
compared on the basis of morphological traits to fir populations from
Washington to northern Ontario. Principal components and discriminant
analyses were carried out separately on cone and needle data for various
subsets of these populations. Multiple regression analysis and analyses of
variance were used to investigate which evolutionary processes may have
been important in the recent development of subalpine fir at its northern
extreme. The regression analyses and analyses of variance suggest that
variation is expressed primarily within populations, throughout a single large
genepool at the northern extreme of subalpine fir's range, and that selection
due to local environmental pressures has produced the existing morphological
variation among populations. The multivariate analyses of cone and needle
data produced different results for several of the population subsets, indicating
that vegetative and sexual features of these firs respond to different selection
pressures at the various sites. Although the results are not entirely consistent,
the combined cone and needle data indicate that 1) north coastal British
Columbia and interior Rocky Mountain populations of subalpine fir are
generally distinct with the exception of a Vancouver Island population; 2)
northern subalpine fir populations exhibit an affinity to interior populations and
are very distinct from coastal populations. Additional geographic trends are 1)
two Washington Cascades subalpine fir populations are distinct from all other
populations in needle morphology, but one of these populations (Mount Baker)
is similar to the interior populations in cone morphology: 2) all balsam fir
populations are indistinguishable from interior subalpine fir populations on the
basis of needle morphology, but well-differentiated from these and coastal
populations in cone morphology. These results support 1) continued
recognition of subalpine and balsam fir as separate species and 2) recognition
of coastal and interior subalpine fir as separate taxa, perhaps at varietal rank.
The present results refute the theory that subalpine fir survived the Wisconsin
glaciation in one or more northern refugia. Rather, the close affinity between
northern and interior subalpine fir populations suggests that they originated
from a common Rocky Mountain refugium.


title: Braided strands of meaning : Mavis Gallant's language

contributor:
Fedderson, Kim
MacGillivray, S. R.

abstract:
This thesis grew out o£ the difficulties in classifying
Gallant’s fiction. Critics, when examining the works of Mavis
Gallant, have tended to use a thematic approach: the themes of
exile, fractured human relationships, and the importance of
memory in recreating the past have all been described as
unifying features of her work.* The critics' reliance upon this
particular approach has meant that the way in which Gallant uses
language to construct her fiction has been relatively neglected.
As Barbara Godard writes: "Obsessed with thematic analysis and
the national scene, critics failed to evolve a vocabulary and
concepts for discussing the construction of literary reality,
for exploring the technical means of achieving what Barthes
calls the 'reality effect'" (76). Godard's study, which
develops a semiotics of irony through an analysis of Gallant's
irony, takes the first step in addressing this critical
deficiency. In this thesis, I would like to continue along the
path Godard has illuminated. Through an exploration of the
r
structure of two of Gallant's texts, this thesis wil examine the
way in which Gallant uses language itself to undercut the
'reality effect' created by language.


title: A device for performing sonoporation on adherent cell cultures

contributor:
Pichardo, Samuel
Christoffersen, Carlos
Floriano, Wely

subject:
Sonoporation
Sonoporation efficacy
Parameters affecting sonoporation

abstract:
Sonoporation is a method for inducing a transient increase in the permeability of cell
membranes to otherwise impermeable compounds using ultrasound. This technique has
therapeutic potential as it allows for localized delivery of therapeutic agents in a noninvasive
and non-cytotoxic manner. The discovery and testing of potential therapeutic
agents that can be delivered using this technique requires performing studies on cell
cultures in vitro. This thesis presents a prototype sonoporation device which aims to
reduce the time and expertise required to perform sonoporation on adherent monolayer
cell cultures.
First, a prototype sonoporation device was designed and constructed. The device consisted
of an array of six ultrasound transducers a xed below a cell culture stage. The
six transducers were each constructed and electrically matched to 50
 at an operating
frequency of 1 MHz. The acoustic near- eld of each transducer was characterized using hydrophone
scanning and the distance from the transducer at which the plane perpendicular
to the beam path was most homogeneous was determined. The mean( s.d.) treatment
distance was 15.9( 0.67) mm and the mean -3 dB width was 1.97( 0.22) mm. The electrical
power required to produce 0.7 MPa on this plane was found for each transducer.
The mean( s.d.) electrical power was 101( 12.2) W.
Next, the prototype device was experimentally validated. Sonoporation was performed
on cervical carcinoma-derived SiHa cells with 70-80% con
uency at media temperatures
of 37°C, 39.5°C, and 42°C. Pulsed ultrasound of 1 MHz, 4.8% duty cycle, 1.6 kHz pulse
repetition frequency, and 0.7 MPa peak pressure was applied to induce sonoporation.
Ultrasound contrast agent was added to the cell culture media (0.33% v/v) to provide
cavitation nuclei during treatment. Plasmid DNA expressing green
uorescent protein
(GFP) was added to the cell culture (250  g/10 mL) to quantify successful permeabilization.
While there were no signi cant e ects due to the temperature of the media,
transfection was successfully performed using the prototype device given the positive expression
of GFP in the cells 24 hours following treatment. The mean( s.d.) transfection
e ciencies of the sonoporation treatment at 37°C, 39.5°C, and 42°C were 5.4( 0.92)%,
5.8( 1.3)%, and 5.3( 1.1)% respectively (n = 3 for each experimental group). Negative
control treatments had transfection rates of < 1:5% on average and the detected levels
of apoptosis among surviving cells was < 0:5% on average for all treatment groups. These results were in good agreement with those obtained using a di erent sonoporation
experimental set-up on the same cell line with similar experimental parameters.
Finally, the design of high-power ultrasound driving circuitry was explored in order
to create an electrical device with the ability to provide independent, concurrent, and
controlled excitation of the six transducers. A class DE half-bridge ampli er topology
was chosen as the output power stage of this device. A design of a class DE ampli er was
simulated using LTSpice with both a resistive 50
 load and a Butterworth-Van Dyke
equivalent circuit model of one of the six transducers, matched to 50
 at 1 MHz. The
ampli er was designed to deliver 150 W to a 50
 resistive load at an output frequency
of 1 MHz using a DC supply voltage of 96 V. The simulation of the ampli er using
the transducer equivalent circuit yielded an output power of 134 W, a drain e ciency
of 98.8%, a power-added e ciency of 89.0%, a gate power gain of 22.6 dB, and a total
harmonic distortion at the output of 27.9%.
The device presented here was shown to be e ective at performing sonoporation on adherent
monolayer cell cultures and will reduce the time and expertise required to perform
this technique in the future.


title: Diffusion of impurities from ion implants in silicon

subject:
Ion implantation
Semiconductors

abstract:
The use of shallow single and double impurity ion implants
as diffusion sources was studied on bare (111) silicon wafers
implanted at room temperature with 45 KeV boron, phosphorus and
arsenic. The samples were diffused in a vacuum from 900'^C to
I
llOO^C. The experimental diffusion profiles were wel 1 approximated
by a gaussian distribution, except near the surface. It was
determined that for single diffusions about 50% of the arsenic,
60% of the phosphorus and al1 of the boron ions became electrically
active after diffusion. Within experimental error, there was no
interaction evident between the simultaneously diffusing arsenic
and boron. The values of the diffusion coefficients obtained were
within the wide range of values quoted in the literature.
Some of the data presented in this thesis has been published
in a paper by: H. Heinrich, L. Hastings and J. Rozenbergs,
entitled: simultaneous Diffusion of lon-predeposited As and B
in Silicon, in the Journal of Applied Physics, October 1974.


title: Prediction of irregular discharges from the acute care units of Lakehead Psychiatric Hospital / by Janice Van Kampen.

subject: Psychiatric hospital care Ontario Thunder Bay.

subject: Prediction (Psychology)

abstract:
A prospective research study attempted to identify persons
who would subsequently receive an irregular discharge. The
sample consisted of 150 patients who were consecutively
admitted to the Acute Care units of Lakehead Psychiatric
Hospital. They were examined and rated on variables
previously found to be predictive of irregular discharges.
The results showed that: (a) the prediction of irregular
discharge was met with limited success; and (b) young males
were most likely to receive irregular discharges. A
retrospective examination of factors motivating patients to
discharge against medical advice were investigated through
individual interviews. A predominance of negative
complaints concerning hospitalization were offered by the
patients. During the three month follow-up period,
irregular discharged patients were readmitted to hospital
more often than their regular co-patients. The treatment
team may be better able to meet the needs of at-risk
patients by negotiating treatment contracts and by
developing special goals that facilitate short durations of
hospitalization. Discharge considerations compatible with
the recent focus on 'consumer satisfaction' are offered.


title: Effect of glycerine and water emulsion of diesel-biodiesel blends on engine performance and emissions with EGR

contributor:
Roy, Murari
Wang, Wilson
Pakzad, Leila
Tarokh, Ali

subject:
Biodiesel
Biodiesel fuel blending
Eco-friendly fuels
Glycerine
Diesel-biodiesel

abstract: The globally rising temperatures and its impact on our ecosystem and earth’s natural processes have raised an environmental concern worldwide. The pollution caused due to the burning of fossil fuels has resulted in climate change, thus, compelling the researchers to look for eco-friendly fuels. Biodiesel derived from biomass have emerged recently as a possible fuel due to their role in decreasing CO emissions. However, the excessive production of biodiesel has raised a disposal concern for its by-product glycerine and higher NOx emissions produced through its use has initiated the need to look for other alternative fuels. In the present study, a systematic comparison was performed with multiple blends of diesel-biodiesel and their glycerine emulsions to compare it with water emulsion and investigate the performance and emissions of the related fuels along with the EGR system. All fuel blends and their emulsions were tested on a light-duty and heavy-duty engine. Hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) was formulated using suitable surfactants to attain the desired stability for various emulsion fuels. Emulsion stability, mean particle droplet size, fuel properties, engine performance, and emissions were observed. It was concluded that brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and brake-thermal efficiency (BTE) increased with the increase in biodiesel and water-glycerine concentration. For emissions, the rise in CO and HC were noted but reductions in exhaust gas temperature, smoke and NOx were observed with emulsion fuels without EGR. Also, there was a significant decrease in smoke (approximately 80%) with increased concentration of glycerine at 3000 rpm, at high load. With the use of EGR, an increase in BSFC and decrease in BTE was observed. Additionally, EGR was seen to increase smoke, CO and HC emissions but lowers NOx and exhaust gas temperatures. The reduction of NOx in B100 was 20.41% and 16.39% when compared to water emulsion and glycerine emulsion at 10% concentration without EGR, and this reduction continued to 44.07% and 43.25% at maximum EGR % at 3000 rpm and high load respectively.


title: Teacher perceptions of the development of a school profile

contributor:
Epp, Juanita
Puk, Tom
Epp, Walter

subject: Educational evaluation Ontario Thunder Bay

subject: Teachers Ontario Thunder Bay Attitudes

subject: School management and organization

abstract:
This study was developed as a means to examine the
assumptions arising from educational research on the use
of the school audit process In building effective
schools. These assumptions are evident in the work of
Fullan & Hargreaves, McLoughlln, Sackney and others. They
are encompassed in the following belief which is
represented schematically In Figure 1 : school improvement
requires significant change In school culture through
understanding, collaboration and ownership. In this
thesis these assumptions are tested against teacher
perceptions collected through a school audit process.
Figure 1 is then modified to reflect the findings of this
study.


title: Cancer biomarker discovery using selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry

subject:
Lung cancer
Biomarker based cancer tests
Volatile compounds

abstract: Lung cancer is one of the most common types of neoplasm and is a leading cause of death in Canada. Accurate early diagnosis is key to the effective treatment of the disease, however the current means to do so, such as Computed Tomography diagnostic imaging, are costly, invasive, and not practical for routine use. The detection of volatile cancer biomarkers in breath represents an attractive non-invasive means to diagnose the disease. It is unclear, however, which, if any, breath chemicals have diagnostic utility. In this thesis I used Selected Ion Flow Tube Mass Spectrometry (SIFT-MS), a trace gas analytic method to (a) identify potential volatile cancer biomarkers in blood, and (b) investigate whether these markers are present in breath. Potential biomarkers were identified by comparing products ions formed in the reaction between hydronium (H3O+) and nitronium (NO+) precursor ions and trace gases present in the headspace of plasma obtained from patients with breast cancer, colorectal or lung cancer, and healthy controls. Using this approach product ions of interest were identified which derive from a wide range of chemical classes including aldehydes, acids, alcohols and sulphides, including some which have been identified previously by other investigators. Many of these ions could be quantified in the breath of healthy controls and therefore be suitable for quantification by breath analysis. The production rate of most of these ions was, however, poorly correlated between those formed in the reactions between nasal breath and those formed in reactions with blood headspace, even when using in samples collected and analysed simultaneously from the same participants. The lack of correlation suggests that the breath trace gases from which these product ions are formed are not dependent on the blood concentration of the same gas, but likely derive mainly from the airways. As such while my data suggest that cancer biomarkers may be found in the bloodstream, breath analysis is not a suitable means to non-invasively detect these cancer markers, in particular cancers of tissues other than those found in the airway. On the other hand, my data suggests that the detection of airway disease, including that of lung cancer, may be suitable candidates for the diagnosis and/or screening using breath analysis.


title: Studies on water quality of aquaculture farms with an emphasis on Flavobacterium psychrophilum and UV treatment

contributor:
Kurissery, Sreekumari
Murray, Chris

subject:
Flavobacterium psychrophilum
Coldwater disease
Aquaculture in Ontario
Water quality
Ultraviolet disinfection
Coldwater fishery

abstract:
Flavobacterium psychrophilum, the causative agent of Coldwater Disease, affects salmonid fish in aquaculture operations worldwide and causes skin lesions which if left untreated results in spinal deformities, spiral swimming and eventual death. Currently, there are no available vaccines for Coldwater Disease. The use of antimicrobials is limited to reduce the potential development of antibacterial resistance in bacteria. This study examined the association between F. psychrophilum and water quality parameters (specifically dissolved oxygen and nitrite) to determine what associations would be best to develop alternative management techniques. In addition, this study investigated the impact of ultraviolet disinfection on planktonic bacteria concentrations and biofilm development in the treatment of land-based aquaculture effluent.
The study locations were two commercial partial recirculation rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) aquaculture facilities located in Coldwater, ON and New Dundee, ON. At the Coldwater Fishery, water samples were collected monthly from March 2013 to October 2013 from 6 sampling locations and water quality parameters and planktonic bacterial densities were measured. At Lyndon Fish Hatchery, in New Dundee, samples were collected from June 2014 to August 2014 from 4 sampling locations and to measure water quality parameters, planktonic bacterial densities, biofilm bacterial densities and UV efficacy on planktonic bacterial load. A field study of biofilm growth was investigated by suspending glass slides on either side of a UV reactor connected to the effluent flow.
Results indicated that the abundance F. psychrophilum did not demonstrate a clear association with water quality parameters. The water quality parameters that had the strongest correlations with F. psychrophilum at Coldwater Fishery were PO4, pH and NH3. The water quality parameters that had the strongest correlations with F. psychrophilum at the Lyndon Fish hatchery were NO2-, TKN and Temperature. The concentration of biofilm heterotrophic bacteria and F. psychrophilum remained similar at the UV influent and UV effluent areas despite reductions in the planktonic bacterial density.


title: Effects of the anger expression and hostility components of the type A personality behavior pattern : on physiological recovery from a psychosocial stressor / by Mary-Beth Minthorn-Biggs.

subject:
Typology (Psychology)
Stress (Psychology)
Personality.

abstract:
The present study re-examined the relationship of the Type A
Behavior Pattern to heart rate and finger temperature recovery
from a psychosocial stressor. It also investigated the role of
anger expression, hostility and rehearsal as predictors of
delayed heart rate and finger temperature recovery. 30 male
and 29 female students were given questions of multiplication,
division, addition, subtraction, with a few geography and general
knowledge questions also included. Heart rate and finger
temperature were measured before, during, and after the stressor
presentation. Results showed that heart rate recovery was
significantly slower for those individuals who scored high on
Angerin and Rehearsal scales. No heart differences in recovery
were found between Type A and Type B individuals. Evidence was
presented that the Rehearsal scale has an anger component which
may be responsible for its relationship to slower heart rate
recovery. In contrast to the rapid recovery of heart rate,
finger temperature did not recover over the 10 minute recovery
period. There were no significant correlations between finger
temperature recovery and personality.


title: Simulated accelerated evolution by modeling the rapid fixation of bacteria along an antibiotic gradient

subject:
Statistical mechanics
Antibiotic resistance in bacteria
Molecular genetics
Bacterial evolution
Antibiotic gradient

abstract: The work in this thesis makes connections between statistical mechanics and genotype frequencies in population sizes, and how mutation of the bacteria E. coli helps to increase its resistance to the antibiotic ciprofloxacin. The objective of this thesis is to use existing models in statistical mechanics as a basis in order to create a new program to simulate how an antibiotic gradient affects the rate of mutation of a bacterial population, and what influence the shape of the gradient has on the evolutionary rate. In addition, several other factors affecting the evolutionary rate are identified as well. Overall, a steeper antibiotic gradient will result in accelerated evolution as long as the initial growth of bacteria is not in the presence of antibiotic. It was observed that by allowing for initial bacterial growth in the absence of antibiotic, followed by migration towards an increasing gradient of antibiotic results in accelerated mutation.


title: One world, one dream : comparisons of the newspaper coverage of the 2008 Beijing Olympic and Paralympic Games

contributor:
Crossman, Jane
Taylor, Jane
Walker, Diane

subject:
Olympic Games
Press coverage
Paralympics
Canada
Beijing Games

abstract: This study compared and explored the newspaper coverage of the 2008 Beijing Olympic (OG) and Paralympic Games (PG) by a Canadian newspaper, The Globe and Mail. The methodology for this study was mixed methods design which uses both quantitative and qualitative methods at the same time and with equal weight. From the results of quantitative comparisons, there were huge differences in the amount of the size and frequency between the 2008 OG (August 8-25), 2008) and PG (September 6-17, 2008).


title: Year-round biodiesel use strategy in diesel engines in Canadian adverse cold weather conditions

contributor:
Roy, Murari
Wang, Wilson

subject:
Biodiesel
Engine performance
Engine emissions
Biodiesel production
Wintron Synergy

abstract: The effects of climate change that have been seen at an unprecedented scale over last decade or so, have sparked intensive efforts toward the identification and development of clean, environmentally compatible, and renewable fuels. Biofuels such as alcohol and biodiesel have been identified as alternatives for powering internal combustion engines. When using vegetable oil as a feedstock for the production of biodiesel, major issues that arise include its poor low temperature properties. In this study, an experimental analysis was conducted to test the feasibility of biodiesel in cold climates specifically in Thunder Bay region and to suggest an appropriate solution for the biodiesel usage throughout the year. Weather reports from last decade were studied to compare with the cloud points of biodiesel blends. Biodiesel was produced from canola oil from transesterification and fractionation processes. Summer diesel and winter diesel have been used as reference fuels. Five different fuel series were used. The first series was summer diesel-biodiesel with ten blends (SB10, SB20, SB30, SB40, SB50, SB60, SB70, SB80, SB90 and B100). The second series was winter diesel-biodiesel with ten blends (WB10, WB20, WB30, WB40, WB50, WB60, WB70, WB80, WB90 and B100). The third series was winter diesel-biodiesel with 2 volume percent of (cold flow additive) Wintron Synergy series (WB20S2, WB50S2 and B100S2). The fourth series was winter diesel-fractionated biodiesel (FB20, FB50 and FB100). The final was winter diesel-fractionated biodiesel with 2 volume percent of Wintron Synergy series (FB20S2, FB50S2 and FB100S2). Except for winter diesel-biodiesel with 2 vol% synergy, all the fuel blend series were tested on two separate diesel engines; a four-cylinder heavy-duty diesel engine at constant speed of 800 rpm for emissions at idling condition followed by a two-cylinder light-duty diesel engine to investigate effects of fuel blends on performance and emission, under low, medium and high loads, at variable engine speeds of 1000 rpm, 2100 rpm and 3000 rpm. Results showed that normal biodiesel and fractionated biodiesel with 2 vol% synergy showed significant improvement in the cloud point. FB40S2 has the lowest cloud point compared to other fuel blends measuring -48.5⁰C. The effect of fuel blends on engine performance in light duty engine was investigated. The emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and smoke opacity from different fuel blends were measured and compared to summer and winter diesel fuels. In both the engines, fractionated biodiesel and synergy blends were found to be effective in reducing both CO and HC emissions. Smoke opacity emissions when compared from both the engines had a contrasting results. However, all biodiesel blends increased NOx emission. Results indicated that fractionated biodiesel with 2 vol% synergy had better engine performance, and lower emission compared with diesel fuel and normal biodiesel blends. Thus, fractionated biodiesel up to 80 vol% with 2 vol% synergy was found to be suitable for use in diesel engines in extreme winter conditions in Canada without the need for any engine modification.


title: Application of a physically based hydrological model on a semi-arid watershed in Northern Ghana

subject:
Geographic information systems Ghana
Arid regions Ghana
Hydrologic models

abstract:
Land degradation in semi-arid environments is increasing due to rapid population
growth, poor landuse practices and variable climate conditions. Landuse planners
require a better understanding of the impact that proposed changes in landuse practices
have on a watershed’s hydrologic response when implementing policies and programs
designed to decrease the detrimental effects of land degradation. A physically based
hydrological model, r.hydro.CASC2D, was used to illustrate the impact changes in
landuse practices have on the hydrologic response of a semi-arid watershed located in
northern Ghana. The development of the required model input parameters using
geographical information systems and remote sensing technologies is described. A
sensitivity analysis on selected model inputs was conducted. The models output was
sensitive to all model input parameter tested, such as grid cell size, Green and Ampt soil
infiltration parameters and Manning’s n values. Two landuse scenarios were then
developed to illustrate the impact of implementing landuse practices that increase
vegetative ground cover. With increasing vegetative cover, peak discharges decreased
with an associated delayed time to peak discharge. In addition, total runoff volume
decreased as the level of vegetation increased, resulting in total volume of water
infiltrating.


title: Degenerate four wave mixing in biased semiconductor superlattices

contributor:
Dignam, Marc M.
Hawton, Margaret

subject: Superlattices as materials (Optical properties)

subject: Electronic excitation

subject: Semiconductors (Optical properties)

abstract: Includes material on semiconductor Bloch equations, the Wannier-Stark ladder and Bloch oscillation theory. It also develops the equations of motion which allow calculation of the DFWM signal for biased semiconductor superlattice to third order in the electric field.--leaf 4.


title: Adapted flexibility of jealousy : the moderating influences of sex, children, relationship satisfaction, relationship length, and age-related changes in fertility on reactions to sexual and emotional infidelities / Edouard S. St.-Pierre

subject:
Jealousy
Adultery
Sex differences


title: Post disturbance dynamics of aspen mixed-woods : a comparison among fire, logging, and budworm outbreak

contributor:
Wang, Geoff
Dang, Qing-Lai
Luckai, Nancy
Wang, Jian

subject: Populus tremuloides

subject: Boreal mixedwood

subject: Spruce budworm

subject: Boreal forest ecosystem

subject: Fire, logging and spruce budworm disturbance

subject: Natural tree regeneration

abstract:
Seventy-one aspen (Populus tremuloidies Michx.) mixedwood stands disturbed in
the 1980’s were sampled in southeastern Manitoba, Canada to examine the response of
arboreal and understory communities to natural and management-induced disturbances.
Thirty stands were disturbed by severe spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana
Clem.) outbreaks, 21 by crown fire, and 20 by conifer-selective logging. All sampled
stands were on well drained upland sites with similar pre-disturbance vegetation.
For the understory community, species diversity, richness, and presence did not
differ significantly between the disturbance types. Significant differences, however, were
found in species evenness with the understory of logged stands being dominated by
shrubs. Coefficient of community was consistently greater than percent similarity,
indicating that differences between disturbance types occur primarily in species
abundance. Comparisons were made with mature aspen (< 25 % and conifer) and mature
mixed (> 25 and < 75 % conifer) stands. Logged stands were found to be more closely
associated with mature aspen stands while budworm and fire disturbed stands were
intermediate between the two mature stand types. Implications for management are
discussed.
Due primarily to differential canopy removal both fire and logging disturbed
stands were dominated by post-disturbance aspen regeneration and contained little conifer
recruitment while spruce budworm disturbed stands had abundant conifer recruitment and
significantly less aspen regeneration. Seed availability and abundance was the primary
factor affecting post disturbance conifer recruitment with seedbed condition and vegetative competition playing a secondary role. Timing of post-disturbance tree
recruitment differed among the disturbances. Aspen was recruited more abundantly in the
first five years following fire and logging and had significantly more recruitment after
five years following end of budworm outbreak. White spruce (Picea glauca (Moench)
Voss) and black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) showed continual recruitment in
fire and budworm disturbed stands but not in logged stands where recruitment was more
abundant in the first five years. Balsam fir {Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.) showed continual
recruitment following fire and logging, and recruited more abundantly after five years
following budworm disturbance.


title: Effectiveness of dispute resolution mechanisms in natural resource management in Ontario

subject: Natural resource management

subject: Conflict management Ontario

subject: Environmental policy Ontario Citizen participation

subject: Consensus-based decision-making

subject: Public consultation/participation

abstract:
For a variety of reasons, the number and complexity of natural resource management
conflicts in Ontario is increasing rapidly. To evaluate the premise that existing natural
resource management planning processes are ineffective in preventing and/or resolving
natural resource use and management disputes, fifteen cases of natural resource conflict
prevention/resolution processes in Ontario were studied. The public
consultation/participation guidelines outlined in the Ministry of Natural Resources’ Timber
Management Planning Manual for Crown Lands in Ontario (OMNR 1986a) were used as one
of the cases and as a benchmark for the comparison of other cases. Based on the analyses,
characteristics, pros, cons and effectiveness of each prevention/resolution process studied
were described. Conclusions support the premise and suggest that effective conflict
prevention/resolution processes must have the ability to be modified to accommodate unique
conflict characteristics such as type and source of conflict. Processes which allow for
varying levels of public participation and consultation tend to be most adaptable to necessary
modifications.


title: Nutrients Recovery from Municipal Wastewater Effluent using Electrochemical and Freeze Concentration Approaches

contributor:
Chen, Aicheng
Liao, Baoqiang
Gao, Wa
Elyasi, Siamak

subject:
Municipal wastewater
Anaerobic membrane bioreactors
Chemical oxygen demand
Enhanced biological phosphorus removal
Electrocoagulation
Electrodeionization

abstract:
Municipal wastewater (MWW) is now being re-evaluated as a potential multi-resource for water,
energy and nutrients. Anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) are increasingly being investigated
as a cost-effective biological option with strong potential for the recovery of energy and removal of
pathogens and contaminants from MWW. However, the recovery of nutrients by AnMBRs is typically
negligible. This thesis focused on the simultaneous removal of nutrients from the effluent of AnMBRs
for MWW treatment. Three approaches were proposed, namely, electrodeionization (EDI), freeze
concentration (FC), as well as using FC as a preconcentration step for electrodialysis(ED). Synthetic
effluents from AnMBR for MWW treatment were used as feed in the EDI, FC, and integrated FC/ED
studies in this thesis.
In the investigation of EDI approach, the effect of the scan rates on limiting current (Ilim) determination
and effects of 110% of Ilim, Ilim and 90% of Ilim were studied. At the recommended Ilim over 3 h, the
removal efficiency of NH4
+-N, HxPO4
y--P, Ca2+ and Mg2+, was 74.4%, 100%, 92.3%, and 58.8%,
respectively, with a specific energy consumption of 0.74 kWh/m3 of feed wastewater. The results
demonstrated that the EDI process is very promising for the removal of ionic nutrients and hardness
ions from wastewater similar to municipal wastewater.
For FC approach, synthetic feed water containing the single impurities (HxPO4
y--P, NH4
+-N and COD
causing glucose) and the multiple impurities with different concentrations were tested at various mixing conditions. The average achieved removal efficiencies of HxPO4
y--P, NH4
+-N and COD in single
impurity tests were 99.9%, 96.5% and 100%, respectively. In multiple impurities tests, the average
removal efficiencies of HxPO4
y--P, NH4
+-N and COD ranged 99.9% - 90.6%, 96.2% - 90.2%, and 100%
- 88.2%, respectively. The experimental results indicated a potential that FC was efficient to remove
nutrients from municipal wastewater effluent.
An approach of using freeze concentration as a preconcentration step for electrodialysis (ED) was also
investigated. The removal efficiencies of NH4
+-N, HxPO4
y--P, and Ca2+ at a current from 90% to 110%
of limiting current over 3 h, ranged from 93.9% - 97.1%, 56.4% - 62.3%, and 88.6% - 94.5%,
respectively. The results of experiments with synthetic MWW without freeze concentration revealed
that preconcentration was prerequisite for improving the performance of ED for dilute solutions,
particularly for the removal of HxPO4
y--P. Freeze concentration as a preconcentration step for ED offers
a promising approach for the treatment of MWW via ED.


title: The usefulness of a carpal tunnel compression assessment tool: evidence of reliability and validity in assessing carpal tunnel syndrome

contributor:
Newhouse, Ian
Zerpa, Carlos
Sanzo, Paolo

subject: Carpal tunnel syndrome

subject: Carpal compression test

subject: Assessment tool

subject: Effect of carpal tunnel sydrome on society

subject: Treatment methods for carpal tunnel syndrome

subject: Assessing carpal tunnel syndrome via self-report questionnaires

subject: Assessing carpal tunnel syndrome via direct measures

abstract:
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is a medical condition (neuropathy) that affects many individuals throughout their daily lives. The condition is caused by the compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel space, with repeated flexion and extension of the wrist increasing the risk of developing CTS. At present, there is a lack of CTS assessment tools that are easy, accurate, and less expensive to implement than traditional methods to help medical
professionals, workers and employers identify potential causes of CTS within the workplace. The purpose of this study was to provide evidence for the validation of a simple and easy to
implement carpal tunnel compression assessment tool (CTCAT) to more accurately assess CTS. The CTCAT is a portable testing device that can easily be used by medical professionals to assist with reducing diagnostic wait times and/or costs associated with CTS. As the CTCAT is a new instrument, much of the work in this study involved prototype development. A sample of 19 participants was used for this study (10 with CTS, nine controls). Participants with CTS must have been clinically diagnosed. All participants were over 18 years of age. Physical testing was completed with the CTCAT based on the Carpal Compression Test protocol (Durkan, 1991). Construct-related evidence of validity was provided by relating the CTCAT to the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire and a 10 point Likert pain scale. The findings were analyzed by using correlation techniques (i.e., intraclass and Pearson’s correlations) and measures of internal consistency (i.e., Cronbach’s alpha). The outcome of this study revealed that the CTCAT produced reliable and valid measures when assessing participants with CTS based on response time to symptom onset on two testing dates. This study builds on the research of Durkan (1991) for the use of participant response time measures to CTS symptom onset as an avenue to
diagnose individuals with and without CTS.


title: Pre- and postnatal effects of nicotine on the development and behavior of rats

subject:
Nicotine
Rats Behavior
Behavioral toxicology

abstract:
The effects of nicotine administered during one of three
gestational trimesters on development and behavior of
rats were investigated. Pregnant female SHS (Satinder's
Heterogeneous Stock) rats were injected subcutaneously
with nicotine (0.0/, 0.3 or 0.6 mg/kg/day) during one of
three gestational trimesters (days 0-6/ days 7-13/ or
days 14-20). No differences were found between groups in
litter size/ litter weight/ male-female litter ratio or
postnatal mortality. However/ progressively later
trimesters and higher nicotine dosages retarded the
appearance of developmental signs and' reflexes. At 29
days of age/ one day after weaning/ emergence from home
cage was measured. Rats prenatally exposed to 0.3
mg/kg/day of nicotine and rats exposed during the second
trimester (7-13) had shorter emergence latencies than
the other groups. Following emergence testing/ all
animals were exposed to the open field for 4 successive
days. The 5-minute session each day revealed higher
defecation scores and increased activity in the group
prenatally exposed to 0.3 mg/kg/day of nicotine. Animals
prenatally treated during the third trimester/ defecated significantly more than animals treated during the first
trimester. On completion of open field testing#, each rat
was examined for an unconditioned escape response to
electric shock. No differences were found between groups
when litter differences were taken into account. After
one day of rest#, animals were given 4 days of either-way
avoidance training. Following training# the effects of
postnatal nicotine administration were assessed by
administering nicotine (0.0# 0.2# 0.3 or 0.4 mg/kg
counterbalanced over 4 days) 25 minutes before avoidance
testing. Rats prenatally exposed to nicotine during the
second trimester displayed superior avoidance
acquisition and avoidance performance during the
postnatal nicotine challenge#, but this difference became
non-significant when the differences between litters
were considered. Differences in one-way avoidance
performance with the different postnatal nicotine doses
were only observed for two groups: animals exposed to
saline during the first trimester and animals exposed to
0.3 mg/kg/day during the third trimester. In both of
these groups# the postnatal nicotine dose most
comparable to the dose received prenatally resulted in
the best avoidance performance. The effects of pre- and
postnatal nicotine on development and behavior and the
presence of greater susceptibility to a specific nicotine dose or gestational period is discussed. It can
be concluded that different nicotine dosages
administered during different periods of gestation can
differentially affect development and behavior.


title: Effects of alternative conifer release treatments on a soil seed bank in a boreal spruce plantation

subject:
Cutover lands Ontario, Northwestern
Effect of glyphosate on soil seed banks
Effect of logging on soil seed banks
Fallingsnow Ecosystem Project
Vegetation management

abstract: Evaluates the effects of 5 alternative conifer release treatments : cutting with brushsaws and a mechanical cleaning machine, applying herbicides (Release triclopyr and Vision glyphosate) by helicopter, and, untreated control on environmental components in a young spruce plantation. Documents the effects of clearcutting.  Study site: Fallingsnow Ecosystem Project near Thunder Bay, Ontario.

abstract:
This soil seed bank study was carried out as part of the Fallingsnow Ecosystem
Project, located near Thunder Bay, Ontario. The project is an operational scale,
integrated, multi-disciplinary study that was established in 1993. It evaluates the effects
o f 5 alternative conifer release treatments (cutting with brushsaws and a mechanical
cleaning machine; applying herbicides (Release [a.e. triclopyr] and Vision ® [a.e.
glyphosate]) by helicopter and untreated control) on environmental components in a
young spruce plantation. In addition, the project documents the effects of clear cutting
on the environmental components by comparing post-harvest changes with changes in
adjacent unharvested forests. This study compares the treatment effects on the soil seed
bank.
Samples o f the soil seed bank were collected in 1996 and green house grown
during the winter of 1997. The resulting germinants were identified and quantified by
species and treatment. Thirty-four species were identified, two of which were tree
species: White birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh.) and trembling aspen (Populus
tremuloides Michx ). Species richness, abundance and evenness indices clearly show
that there was a treatment effect on the seed bank. Analysis further shows a significant
difference in richness (number of species) between treatments. Species abundance
curves were completed and are typical for the Northern Hemisphere. Orthogonal
comparisons also show significant differences in species abundance between the forest
and the cutover, the brushsaw treatment compared to the Silvana Selective treatment,
and the treated cutover (brushsaw, Silvana Selective, Release®, Vision® in comparison to
the untreated cutover and the forest combined. These seed bank germination differences
resulting from applied silvicultural treatments could play a role in future forest
management practices that strive to emulate forest fire effects.


title: A new PWM CSC-based wind energy conversion system

subject:
Offshore wind energy
Power converter topology
Wind farm configuration
Wind energy conversion systems

abstract:
In order to eliminate the bulky and costly offshore substation, a new offshore wind farm
configuration has recently been proposed: series-connected configuration. Among the seriesconnected configurations, the pulse width modulation current source converter (CSC)-based one is
considered a good candidate. In this thesis, a new PWM CSC-based wind energy conversion system
is proposed for the series-connected wind farms. Compared with the previous work, the proposed
topology reduces the cost and the manufacturing pressure of the system. A new control scheme is
proposed to solve the voltage and current imbalance problem of the proposed configuration. In
addition, the optimal modulation scheme is investigated for the series-connected CSCs. Simulation
results are provided to assist in the investigation and verify the performance of the proposed
configuration and control schemes.


title: Butterflies of Verde Sumaco, Ecuador during late December

contributor:
Henne, Don
Wang, Jian

subject:
Lepidoptera
Verde Sumaco
Tropical rainforest butterflies
Agroforestry
Ecotourism
Butterfly conservation

abstract:
This thesis explores the different Lepidopteran species that were found around
the community of Verde Sumaco, Ecuador, in December of 2018. The objective of this
thesis was to determine if there is a difference in Lepidoptera species richness within
five different site types: chakra, river edge, trail, secondary forest, and open field.
Species were photographed in 30-minute intervals and various sites within the site types
over five days. The most significant result was that the chakra site type did not have any
Lepidopteran species while the open field site type had the most. Another significant
finding was that the area around the community had some Lepidopteran species that are
usually only found within old-growth forests. More work should be done to obtain a
more accurate representation of the Lepidopteran species found within the community
over a longer time.


title: Comparative study of individual versus group interventions for parents of hyperactive children

subject: Behavior therapy

subject: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

abstract:
Many treatments including, diets and medication, have
been documented as successful interventions for treating
hyperactive children diagnosed with Attention Deficit
Disorder (A.D.D.).Because compliance and constant monitoring
are instrumental in these long term interventions, success
is not always the outcome.Furthermore, the A.D.D. child's
behaviour can cause a constant strain on the parents. A
number of studies have indicated that parents can be helpful
co-therapists in treating their children.Not only does the
child benefit in this case but, by educating the family on
symptomology and providing education to aid the parents
dealing with a hyperactive child, stress may decline
relieving the tension caused by the interaction of the
hyperactive child and the family unit. Studies have
additionally indicated, that parents benefit, more from small
group support than from individual counselling.
Individual counselling was provided at a local
children's centre. However, the question of whether or not
group counselling * was an alternative treatment was
investigated in this study. Two experimental groups, one
comprised of five to six single parents and the other of
five to six two parent couples were compared to the control
group consisting of parents who opted for individual
counselling.The children's group was used in conjunction
with the parenting groups. Strategies in the children's
groups were presented at an experiential level
understandable to the children. There was no manipulation of
the children's group.Both prior to and at the end of the six
week program all groups were requested to complete three
questionnaires; The Conners Behaviour Checklist (1960), The
Achenbach Child Behaviour Checklist (1983) and Barkley's
Home Situation Questionnaire (1980) in addition to an
evaluation questionnaire to determine whether changes in
hyperactive behaviour resulted. Parental groups were
provided information and practice in behaviour modification
through role-playing techniques and group discussions. Ttests
revealed little difference between the control group
and those receiving group counselling. This suggests that
depending on the number of referrals, group counselling
could be somewhat more feasible than individual counselling.


title: Recognizing the effects of climate change on honeybees

subject:
Impact of climate change (honeybees)
Wildlife preservation
Bee population
Pollinator conservation

abstract:
Honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) are an essential pollinating species as they are
important in building healthy and resilient ecosystems. Honeybees, now found all over
the globe, were introduced to North America from Europe many decades ago. Because
effects of climate change have begun to arise, it has been more difficult for honeybees to
follow their similar activity patterns as in years past, and they have had trouble adapting
due to their bodies being ectothermic and the temperature of their surroundings
determining their activity. This has led to a severe decline of the species as well as other
pollinating species of bees. Climate change has also affected honeybees by affecting the
floral resources available to them and has introduced more of their natural enemies.
Because significant numbers of honeybee populations are decreasing, researchers have
investigated the correlations between climate change and honeybee decline along with
declines of other vital bee pollinator species. Investigating the effects of climate change
and implementing multiple conservation plans and policies has been a method that has
been proven to improve, develop, and enhance pollinators such as wild bees and
honeybees, their conservation, and habitat restoration.


title: Dramatic significance of I.i of Hamlet, Othello and Macbeth : a study of the relationship between the opening scene and the complete drama

contributor:
Gellert, J.
Merrill, George

abstract:
This thesis is an examination of the dramatic significance
of I.i of Hamiet. Othello and Macbeth in terms of the
opening scene’s relationship with the complete drama. To facilitate
the reader’s understanding of this relationship between the opening
scene and the whole drama and to illustrate how Shakespeare uses
certain expository or dramatic devices in effecting this
relationship, the concept of exposition in drama is discussed.
Special attention is given to the differences between expository
method/device and expository function in general and the
expository function of Shakespearean drama in particular. This
is followed by an analysis of the rationale for the choice of
Hamlet. 0thel1o and Macbeth as the focus of this study,
/
an analysis of how Shakespeare’s expository methods/devices in
Hamlet. Othello and Macbeth are different from, and
similar to, the methods applied in any other of his plays and a
discussion of the act and scene division of Shakespearean drama.
The text of the thesis is divided into three chapters, each
dealing with an individual play. Each chapter is, again,
organized in the following order; (a) introduction to the
chapter, (b) a description of the expository details of I.i of a
play, (c) an examination of the implications of the exposition in
I.i for the complete drama, (this involves describing a specific
area of exposition or an expository method/device and its role in
establishing a relationship between I.i and the rest of the
drama), and (d) chapter summary.


title: Physiological and morphological responses of mountain maple (acer spicatum l.) seedlings to light under different carbon dioxide concentrations, soil temperature and soil moisture regimes

contributor:
Dang, Qing-Lai
Wang, Jian
Law, David

subject:
Mountain maple
Soil moisture
Physiological responses
Morphological responses
Photosynthesis
Elevated CO2
Soil warming
Growth
Biomass

abstract: Determining the response of mountain maple (Acer spicatum L.) to increases in light is confounded by interaction with other environmental factors. Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations ([CO2]) and the accompanying global warming and soil moisture depletion are expected to have large impacts on plants, including mountain maple, responses to their biological and physical environments. Yet the effects of global climate change factors on mountain maple response to light is ignored. Mountain maple seedlings were grown in two light regimes (low or shaded and high or unshaded), two [CO2] (ambient: c 380 μmol mol-1 and elevated: 760 μmol mol-1). Using soil temperature manipulation equipment (17 and 22°C), I tested the effects of [CO2] and Tsoil on the physiological and morphological responses of mountain maple to light. Secondly, soil moisture treatment was applied to another set of seedlings to test the effects of [CO2] and soil moisture on the physiological and morphological responses of mountain maple to light.


title: Daguerreotype as analogy for Whitman's Leaves of Grass

subject: Daguerreotype

abstract:
We commence our examination of the kaleidoscopic range
of connections between Whitman and the daguerreotype with a
simple, unpretentious news column by Whitman entitled "Visit
to Plumbe’s Gallery". This leads to speculations of how Whitman
could not have missed or ignored the profound infusion of the
daguerreotype upon nineteenth century American society.
In the next chapter we witness Whitman's facination with his
own photographic portraits. We also see the revolutionary stagecraft
that was employed in his portraits, and how there seems to
be a chronological record of transitions from a Brooklyn journalist,
to a proletariat "rough", and then to an enlightened sage.
The two chapters that come next examines how Whitman's emphasis
on sight and seeing in Leaves of Grass corresponds with key elements
in photography, and how the monistic philosophy of Whitman as it
relates to the body and the soul is analogous to the direct positive
process of early daguerreotypes.
Next we are reminded of Whitman's enthusiasm for scientific
advancements, and how the advent of photography seemed to fit the grid of the poet's mind perfectly. In addition we discern
a kinship between Whitman's democratic leaning and the popularity
of photography - how both Leaves of Grass and the art of the
daguerreotype were "of the people, by the people, for the people".
The final chapter culminates with an examination of the ways
in which Whitman’s prosodical achievements resemble the techniques
in photography. His poetic practice of piling line upon line in
catalogue stacks bears an uncanny likeness to individual snapshots.
Thus this thesis aims to observe Leaves of Grass from a new
angle and through a new lens. Hopefully we can gain a little
understanding of the genesis of the dozen poems that comprised
the thin quarto of 1855.


title: The immediate effects of Tai Chi on the postural stability, muscle activity and measures of inferred ankle proprioception of healthy young adults

contributor:
Sanzo, Paolo
Zerpa, Carlos
Sinden, Kathryn

subject:
Tai Chi
Balance
Physical stability
Proprioception

abstract:
Tai Chi has often been applied in research among older adults to affect postural stability and
proprioception in the lower limbs; however, little is known about the effects Tai Chi may have in
these domains among healthy young adults. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to
investigate these potential effects. A total of 30 (17 females and 13 males) healthy young adults
were randomized to either an experimental group or control group. To assess postural stability,
both groups performed a pre-intervention postural stability task under eyes open/closed and
firm/foam surface conditions, while center of pressure-based measures of mean sway velocity
(MSV) and 95% elliptical area (EA) were collected. Ankle proprioception was inferred using
electromyography data from the tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius medialis bilaterally, in
addition to, the spectral power within the 0.4 – 0.7 Hz band derived from all data points of COP
sway in the anteroposterior direction, which is believed to be sensitive to change in ankle
proprioception. For the intervention, the experimental group was engaged in a 15-minute Tai Chi
task, while the control group sat comfortably in a chair. Post-intervention measures were then
collected using the same protocol as the pre-intervention measures. Four-way ANOVAs were
used to determine if the Tai Chi intervention had a significant effect on postural stability, muscle
activity, or measures of inferred ankle proprioception. No significant differences were observed
between the experimental or control group across pre-/post test measures. These findings suggest
that a single 15-minute Tai Chi intervention is not sufficient to produce effects on the postural
stability, muscle activity, or ankle proprioception of healthy young adults.


title: Improving Performance of Transactional Applications through Adaptive Transactional Memory

subject:
Transactional memory (TM)
chip multiprocessors (CMP)
synchronization

abstract: With the rise of chip multiprocessors (CMPs), it is necessary to use parallel programming to exploit computational power of CMPs. Traditionally, lock-based mechanisms have been used to synchronize shared variables in parallel programs. However, with the complexity associated with locks, writing a correct parallel program is a huge burden for programmers. As an alternative, Transactional Memory (TM) is gaining momentum as a parallel programming model for multi--‐core processors. TM provides programmers with an atomic construct (transaction), which can be used to guarantee atomicity of accesses to shared variables, as the synchronization is handled through the underlying system. Transactional memory comes in two variants: Software transaction memory (STM) and Hardware transaction memory (HTM). Both STM and HTM systems have advantages and disadvantages that either enhance or penalize performance in transactional applications. In this thesis, the focus is on implementing an adaptive system that exploits both STM and HTM at transaction granularity. The goal is to achieve performance gain by incorporating the benefits of both TM systems. A synchronization technique is developed to seamlessly switch between HTM and STM based on the characteristics of a transaction. We exploit decision tree to predict the optimum system for each transaction in a given application. The decision tree is a form of supervised machine learning to classify transactions based on parameters such as transaction size, transaction write ratio, etc. From the evaluations using STAMP, NAS, and DiscoPoP benchmark suites, the proposed adaptive system is able to improve speed of transactional applications by 20.82% on average.


title: The relationship of leadership dimensions under conditions of stress

subject:
Nursing
Ontario
Thunder Bay
Stress (Physiology)
Leadership

abstract: The present research examined the relationship between two leadership test, the Least-Preferred Co-Worker (LPC) scale and the Leadership Opinion Questionnaire (LOQ). The two instruments are claimed to measure two conceptually similar dimensions of leadership style. One dimension is task orientation which is indicated by a low score on the LPC sclae and a high score on the Initiating Structure (IS) dimension of the LOQ. The other dimension is relationship-orientation which is indicated by a high score on the LPC scale and a high score on the Consideration (C) dimension of the LOQ.  (abstract)


title: Lowbush blueberries in Northwestern Ontario as a commercial crop option in post-harvest peatlands

contributor:
Lee, Peter
Law, David
Nelson, Connie
Schraft, Heidi

subject: blueberries peatlands

abstract:
Wild blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) were investigated as a possible reclamation tool for post harvest peatlands in Northwestern Ontario, by genetic fingerprinting using microsatellite markers, an examination of native blueberry soils in comparison with the GG3 peatland near Upsala, ON and identification of optimal soils in the GG3 peatland using GIS-based approach and multivariate statistics. The genetic diversity of natural populations of V. angustifolium Ait. was investigated using four microsatellite markers developed for Vaccinium corymbosum L. and compared to nineteen commercial wild blueberry plants. Fifty blueberry plants collected from across Northwestern Ontario were selected to obtain genetic fingerprints and to estimate genetic similarity by microsatellite analysis. The microsatellite data set was analyzed using POPGENE. Each of the microsatellite primers was polymorphic creating a total of 133 bands with the proportion of polymorphic loci at 97%, with none of them in all of the plant samples. The number of alleles per locus was 33.35 with a range of 13 to 51. The average genetic similarity was 97%. The corresponding nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis supported the clusters and showed the separation of the commercial plants from the wild plants from Northwestern Ontario and distinct outliers, plants from Nipigon and Sioux Lookout. Low gene flow could be attributed to fragmented habitat due to their need for open sunlight and acid soils. Microsatellite analysis is a beneficial tool for genetic fingerprinting and identification, as well as useful for investigating genetic similarities and differences.
We studied the soil chemistry of eight different native blueberry stands across Northwestern Ontario and compared them to 210 peat soil samples from the GG3
peatland near Upsala, ON. Comparing these soils to the Canadian Soil Quality Guidelines revealed that arsenic levels for the site near Wawa could present phytotoxicity in blueberry plants. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling showed a distinct separation of blueberry soils from the peat soils along the second axis. Bulk density was one of the main differences and could be increased by tilling the mineral subsoil into the peat in the preparation for blueberry planting. Layers within the peat bog were difficult to separate in the statistical analysis. Leaf tissue analysis would help identify nutrient deficiencies better than soils analysis due to the perennial nature of the blueberry plants. Identification of optimal areas of soil within the GG3 peatland would ensure the success of using blueberries for reclamation. Using the GIS software, ArcGIS, nonmetric multidimensional scaling values for axis two were mapped for the seven individual layers of the peatland. A band, running from east to west in the middle of the peatland showed soil chemistry values closest to the native blueberry soils. An upper layer of the peat should be reserved for use in the blueberry reclamation as it would have the least issues with phytotoxicity due to high elemental content.


title: Adoption and use of computer mediated communications : reactions of female site coordinators in a distributed education system

subject:
Educational technology
CoSy Computer Conferencing System
Women in technology

abstract:
This study examines women's reactions to the
introduction of computer-mediated communications (CMC).
The literature suggests women exhibit some reluctance
in the use of computer technology. There are, however,
computer technologies, such as CMC, which appear
conducive to the learning and working conditions
preferred by women. This study examined the adoption
and use of the CoSy conferencing system by women site
coordinators. The Hiltz et al. model of acceptance was
used as the conceptual framework for the study. This
model views acceptance as a learning process in which
computer users require time to learn the skills
necessary to become competent users of the CMC system.
Hiltz et al. used three major categories of variables,
system features, group factors and individual
difference measures to describe the various factors
that influence the "acceptance" of CMC systems. The
acceptance model focuses on how individual difference
measures interact with system features and group factor
variables of the CMC system. Acceptance is measured\by
the individual's use of and satisfaction with CMC. \
Consistent with Hiltz' approach, this study examined '
the reactions of a group of women site coordinators to
the system feature and group factor variables of the
CoSy computer conferencing system. Use and perceived
satisfaction with the system were used as indicators of
the women's acceptance of the CoSy system. The results
indicate the women were well satisfied with the
cooperative social arrangement of the group. The women
were also satisfied with the system features of the
CoSy conferencing system.


title: The impact of trust in management and quality of change communication on readiness for change

subject:
Organizational change
Psychological aspects
Management
Organizational behaviour

abstract:
Organizational change is something that many organizations are facing and implementing change is an important skill for leaders to have. Despite this fact, the actual success rate for implementing organizational change is very low. An employee’s readiness for change is thought to be a critical precursor to successful change implementation, but there is sparse and conflicting research on how it can be facilitated.
This thesis aims to narrow the gap in knowledge by investigating the roles of trust and communication on readiness for change. Additionally, the role of readiness for change on change commitment was investigated.
A field study with conducted within two sites of an organization currently implementing a Microsoft SharePoint system. At one of the sites, where the implementation has been successful, a mixed methods approach was taken, primarily gathering quantitative data which was supplemented by qualitative data. At the other site, where the implementation was still in progress, a purely quantitative approach was taken with the collection of independent and dependent variables at different times.
The results highlighted the importance of communication in creating readiness for change, especially in a high trust relationship. There is evidence to suggest that the relationship between trust and readiness for change is complicated and varies throughout the process, which may explain previously conflicting results.
Future research directions, as well as implications for practitioners are presented.


title: Evaluating the combined effect of thermoplastic polyurethane material in Ice hockey goaltender helmets and cervical muscle strength in mitigating concussion risk during simulated horizontal head collisions

contributor:
Zerpa, Carlos
Liu, Meilan
Kivi, Derek
Sanzo, Paolo

subject:
Concussions
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI)
Goaltenders, head & neck injuries

abstract:
Concussions, or mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI), occur due to an impact on the head
and are the most common type of brain injury for goaltenders in the sport of ice hockey. The two
main techniques used to mitigate concussion risk for ice hockey goaltenders include improving
the impact absorption capabilities of the goaltender helmets and increasing the athlete’s cervical
muscle strength. Based on these two strategies, this study examined the effect of thermoplastic
polyurethane (TPU) as a goaltender helmet liner material to mitigate concussion risk for
individuals with different neck strength levels during simulated horizontal head collisions.
To address the purpose of this study, static testing was conducted to examine the material
properties of the goaltender helmet liners, which was then used to identify the best TPU liner
design that improved the performance of the goaltender helmet technology. One particular TPU
liner design was found to weigh 2.7 times more on average than the standard liner; however, it
was capable of statically absorbing 10.8 times more energy per kilogram than the standard liner.
The researcher selected this TPU design and used it in repeated impact testing to further gauge
the performance of the TPU and standard liner materials compared to a bare head without liner
protection. Repeated dynamic impact trials revealed that the TPU liner mitigated impacts
similarly to the standard liner, providing evidence of the TPU effectiveness as a possible helmet
liner.  [...]


title: Circum-Troodos limestone succession of south and west Cyprus : a magnetic fabric and magnetic mineralogical study

subject:
Geology Cyprus Troodos Mountains
Geomagnetism Cyprus Troodos Mountains
Mineralogy Cyprus Troodos Mountains
Magnetic fabric studies
Magnetic mineralogy

abstract:
Calcite petrofabrics align easily with weak strains, possibly being the most
sensitive classical petrofabric indicator. Thus, calcareous sediments may reveal stress
trajectories in neotectonic environments. Calcite aligns by crystal-plastic deformation and
pressure solution to produce corresponding alignments in accessory clay minerals and
magnetite (possibly fossil-bacterial). Their alignments are rapidly and precisely detected
by anisotropy of low field magnetic susceptibility (AMS). These net magnetic fabrics
blend diamagnetic contributions from matrix calcite (diamagnetic bulk susceptibility (see document)
Considering their relative abundances and different anisotropies, their orientation
distributions of AMS axes are sensibly interpreted as paleostress trajectories in Neogene
and Quaternary strata at the regional and sub-area level (each ~400km2 and ~30km2
respectively). The AMS axes may be correlated with the orientation of faults, plate-motion
vectors and seismic solutions. A large sample (1090 specimens from 419 sites)
was treated by different statistical approaches (“standardization”) to emphasize or
suppress the contribution of sub-fabrics with anomalous mean susceptibility. A subsample
of 254 specimens from 219 sites, from different sub-areas was also investigated
by anisotropy of anhysteretic remanence (AARM), which isolates the orientation
distributions of magnetite. AMS and AARM magnetic fabrics are mostly of the L-S kind
with the magnetic lineations compatible with gravitational stretching of the sedimentary
cover away from the Troodos massif and orthogonal to the strike of principal faults and
graben. The L-direction (kMAX) shows a smooth variation in orientation, through the subareas,
directed radially from the Troodos massif and the S-components of the magnetic fabrics are inclined gently to the bedding, compatible with vergence toward the Cyprean
Arc that lies offshore to the South and South-West of Cyprus.
From the original set of 1090 specimens, two smaller sets of samples were further
studied using different magnetic techniques to examine differences in magnetic
mineralogy and granulometry in different lithologies and through time.
The first set of 100 specimens was divided into pelagic and non-pelagic sub-sets
and microhysteresis showed that these samples contained magnetite in the appropriate
size ranges for simply interpretable AMS fabrics (“normal fabrics”) and also exhibited
possible contributions from titanomagnetite (TM60) in the non-pelagic samples.
A sub-set of 55 samples in stratigraphic sequence with approximately known age
determinations (54-6 Ma) shows systematic variations in bulk susceptibility (k),
anhysteretic susceptibility (kARM), saturation isothermal remanence (SIRM), and
thermal demagnetization unblocking temperatures (Tub)- Some combinations of these
magnetic parameters have demonstrated that TM60 is present in appreciable amounts in
the youngest of the Cyprus limestones (due to uplift and early erosion of the Troodos
massif), and in some of the oldest rocks (due to distal submarine volcanism).
Furthermore, the lack of TM60 in the middle of the sequence and the magnetic
granulometry shows that magneto tactic bacteria dominate the chalk units of Cyprus.


title: Ontario teachers' reasons for choosing to teach outside Canada

contributor:
Epp, Walter
Bowd, Alan
Brady, Patrick

subject:
Teachers Ontario Job satisfaction
Teachers Employment
Teachers Ontario Attitudes

abstract:
This study examines the factors that influence Ontario teachers’ decisions to teach
outside Canada. Deciding factors were derived from previous studies related to career
choice and career change and involved concepts such as: altruistic motives, intrinsic
nature of teaching, financial and circumstantial reasons, fringe benefits and interpersonal
influence. Applicants to an overseas teaching recruitment fair were selected as
participants for this study. The researcher employed a mixed methods approach to
research design where both quantitative and qualitative data were used in the analysis of
the research problem. The study found that the decision to leave Ontario and teach
outside Canada was the result of a combination of several factors. The study concluded
that the most influential factors in this decision included altruistic motives, interpersonal
influence and financial and circumstantial reasons.


title: Conceptions of and experiences with inclusion for a cohort of caregivers of secondary students with intellectual and multiple disabilities in an Ontario high school

contributor:
Blaikie, Fiona
Fennell, Hope-Arlene

subject:
Children with disabilities Education
Mainstreaming in education
Inclusive education

abstract:
The primary purpose of this qualitative study is to examine the conceptions of and experiences
with inclusion of students with intellectual and multiple disabilities by a cohort of participants from
one Ontario high school? The data was collected and analyzed via qualitative semi-structured
interviews. Participants were selected via purposive samplings and included four female caregivers
and one male caregiver.
The findings of this study provide insight into the participants' opinions about inclusion,
focussing on what inclusion means to them Also identified are their points of view regarding politics,
goals, friendship, and the elimination of special education classrooms and how these relate to
inclusion. As well, the participants identified elements necessary for effective inclusive education.
According to the participants, the term inclusion refers to educating students with disabilities
together with students without disabilities. Politically, inclusion is seen as being cost effective. The
participants do not believe that inclusion facilitates friendships between students with and without
disabilities. True friendships develop only between students with disabilities. The participants' goals
for inclusion are student orientated. They oppose foil inclusion because students with disabilities
ultimately forego many benefits. Effective collaborative planning invites the parents, guardians, and
support personnel's input, and helps to place students with disabilities appropriately. Negative
ramifications for parents, guardians, and support personnel, and students with and without disabilities
are a result of inappropriate inclusive educational placements. Positive attitudes and proper support
for all individuals involved in the inclusion process are necessary for inclusion to be successful.


title: Efficacy of bacteria and caffeine as indicators of anthropogenic waste in freshwater systems

contributor:
Kurissery, Sreekumari
Kanavillil, Nandakumar
Leung, Kam

subject:
Nutrient loading
Stormwater drainage
Domestic waste processing
Combined sewer overflow
Septic system leakage
Aquatic health
Microbiology

abstract: With urban sprawl and intensified agriculture, nutrient loading of waterways has become a pressing issue across southern Ontario. Domestic wastes are more likely than other wastewater sources to be associated with the presence of human pathogens, and therefore they may present a greater public health risk in watersheds. Field studies were performed in the watersheds of the County of Simcoe, ON to assess the efficacy of tracing nutrient loads directly attributable to domestic waste using caffeine as an indicator, and comparing caffeine patterns with those seen with conventional bacterial assessments such as heterotrophic plate count, total coliforms, fecal coliforms, and E.coli counts. Seasonal fluctuations in the levels of caffeine in these systems, both in water and surface sediments, were also studied. In a controlled experiment in the laboratory, a one-week study investigated the efficacy of standard bacterial tests and caffeine measurements, both individually and in combination, as predictors of the relative contribution of domestic waste to wastewater. Trace concentrations of caffeine in water and sediment samples were measured using gas chromatography ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry. In a series of step-wise multiple regression analyses, caffeine was found to be a useful and significant factor that helped to predict the extent of domestic land use and domestic waste concentrations in the environmental samples (p<0.05) , and in the laboratory study examining conditions in various blends of domestic and agricultural waste (p < 0.05). In a multiple analysis of covariance, caffeine levels showed a significant correlation with seasonally varying water parameters (p < 0.05). The use of caffeine as a contributing indicator of the relative contribution of domestic wastes in waterways is supported by the present study.