identifier: Procter, Andrea <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Procter=3AAndrea=3A=3A.html>   (2012) The prospects of culture: resource management and the production of difference in Nunatsiavut, Labrador.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This dissertation examines how concepts of culture and cultural difference have been created, maintained, mobilized, and engaged in the struggle for political and economic control in Nunatsiavut over the past two hundred and fifty years, and how they have come to have material effect. From the Moravian Mission's attempts in the 18th  and 19th centuries to isolate and contain Labrador Inuit, to the pursuit of the region's nickel and uranium deposits over the last thirty years, ideas about Inuit cultural difference and indigeneity have played fundamental roles in both resource dispossession and the achievement of self-government. Culture has proven to be both socially constituted and a creative force in Nunatsiavut, intricately related to the creation of political and economic inequalities and to the struggles to rectify these disparities. In examining the historical development and use of certain cultural constructs, the codification of these constructs in the Labrador Inuit Land Claim Agreement, and the resulting political and economic implications in the post-land claims context, this thesis explores how Inuit, state powers, and industry have mobilized various productions of difference, and how these concepts perform new roles in current neoliberal governance situations.


identifier: Pronin, Oleksii <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Pronin=3AOleksii=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Pulse-cavitation vibrating drilling prototype development and evaluation.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

type: Thesis NonPeerReviewed

format: application/pdf application/pdf

abstract: The drilling rate decreases with an increase in depth due to high pressure at the bottom hole. Accordingly, there is a need for an improved rock penetration mechanism to increase the drilling speed in deep drilling conditions. Historically, vibration assisted drilling has shown the ability to improve the penetration rate. Therefore, current research aims to develop a vibrating tool to be used for experimental investigation in the laboratory and in the field. -- Considering existing vibration and pressure pulsation tools, a pulse-cavitation vibrating prototype was proposed. The vibrating tool, suggested for drilling penetration improvement, was proposed to be installed behind the bit as a drill collar sub. It should operate in deep drilling conditions and produce two major effects: high amplitude and high frequency pressure pulsations and vibrations. -- Prototype feasibility was tested using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. The tool was simulated to examine cavitation initiation and observe pressure pulsation patterns over a pressure range available in the laboratory facilities, and at pressures similar to deep drilling conditions. In addition, the density and viscosity of different drilling fluids on the performance of the prototype were analyzed. The prototype pulse-cavitation tool was manufactured and tested in laboratory facilities. A series of experiments was performed to obtain a significant tool operation experience. Measurements of pressure pulsations along with vibration accelerations were obtained during these experiments. Data yielded agreement of these parameters, therefore, it was concluded that cavitation produced the high frequency pressure pulsations, which caused vibration accelerations on the prototype. -- Initial CFD and experimental results show promise for the pulse cavitation tool use in creating high frequency pressure pulses and vibrations. The prototype can now be used for further performance and vibration assisted drilling investigations. The experience gained in the experimental operation provides a background for future prototype improvement and development.


identifier: Rabishaw, Melanie Lynn <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Rabishaw=3AMelanie_Lynn=3A=3A.html>   (2012) The relationship between scores on a language diagnostic test and success in a basic communication course in a justice studies diploma program.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Standardized tests are widely used to determine an individual's competency in a particular skill or in a particular area of study. These tests are generally used to measure a level of competence or understanding and to predict future success. Educational institutions rely on standardized tests for various purposes, including determining a student's enrolment eligibility in an institution. a program. or a course. -- The Communications 1 course in the Centre tor Justice Studies at Loyalist College in Belleville. Ontario, uses a language diagnostic test (LDT) to determine which students are eligible for exemptions from the course and to determine which students should be counselled to seek remedial support for spelling, punctuation, grammar, diction and usage, and sentence structure. The current study compared the results of the  LDT with the results of final course grades to determine if the  LDT had predictive ability. The current study followed and extended the findings of previous research that examined the extent to which standardized tests could predict students' final course grades in a basic business communications course. -- The statistical analysis of the data in the current study found that a passing grade on the  LDT does not guarantee that a student will pass the course and a failing grade on the  LDT does not guarantee that a student will fail the course. However, the analysis found that the higher the grade is on the  LDT, the greater the chance is for a student to pass the course and that as the grade ranges increase on the  LDT, the percentage of those who pass the course also increases. -- Implications of this study are highlighted and encourage educational institutions and organizations that use standardized tests to determine a person's competency in a particular area to review the tests in order to ensure that the tests are in fact measuring what they are intended to measure and that all possible factors that could contribute to a person's decline, for example, in a course or on the job, be considered so that people, institutions, and organizations will be successful.


identifier: Rahman, Md. Mustafizur <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Rahman=3AMd=2E_Mustafizur=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Simulation of preview controlled active suspension for convoy vehicles.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Designing a vehicle suspension that can give very good ride comfort along with crisp handling has been a subject for researchers for the last three decades. Research shows that active suspension can give superior performance over passive and semi-active suspension systems. Preview controlled active suspension can further improve the performance but faces the issue of sensing the road ahead of the vehicle. Previous applications of preview control have used look-ahead sensors mounted on the front bumper to measure terrain beneath. Such sensors are vulnerable, potentially confused by water, snow, or other soft obstacles; and offer a fixed preview time. For convoy vehicle applications, this thesis proposes using the overall response of the preceding vehicle(s) to generate preview controller information for follower vehicles. A robust observer is used to estimate the states of a quarter car vehicle model, from which road profile is estimated and passed on to the follower vehicle(s) to generate a preview function. The preview-active suspension, implemented in discrete time using a shift register approach to improve simulation time, reduces sprung mass acceleration and dynamic tire deflection peaks by more than 50% and 40% respectively. Terrain can change from one vehicle to the next if a loose obstacle is dislodged, or if the vehicle paths arc sufficiently different so that one vehicle misses a discrete road event. The resulting spurious preview information can give suspension performance worse than that of a passive or conventional active system In this thesis, each vehicle can effectively estimate the road profile based on its own state trajectory. By comparing its own road estimate with the preview information, preview errors can be detected and suspension control quickly switched from preview to conventional active control to preserve performance improvements compared to passive suspensions. Benefits of preview control for variation in sensor noise and more complex vehicle models must also be studied. For that, an estimation accuracy analysis has been done to study the effect of sensor noise. A half car vehicle model is also developed and discrete optimal control law is implemented to show the performance improvements. A good overall performance improvement for both the front and rear wheel is observed from the simulation results.


identifier: Roberts, Kathryn Louise Katey <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Roberts=3AKathryn_Louise_Katey=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Paleoenvironment of Marmara Sea: palynology of upper Pleistocene - Holocene sediments in long piston cores.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The Marmara Sea along with the straits of Dardanelles and Bosphorus is the marine gateway that connects the Mediterranean and Black seas. Fossil palynomorphs are used to reconstruct the paleoclimate and paleoceanography of the Marmara Sea recorded in piston core MAR02-89P, from a water depth of257 m on the upper slope basinward of the southeastern Marmara shelf. This is the first core from the region with a high resolution sedimentary record from approximately 30,000 cal. yr BP to early Holocene with the exception of a hiatus from ~14,850 - 12,700 cal. yr BP. The long section of upper Pleistocene glacial and early postglacial sediments in Core MAR02-89P enables a more detailed interpretation of the palynomorphs within the eastern Marmara Sea region than has previously been possible. Geochemical data indicate increased total organic carbon (TOC), and development of more anoxic sedimentary conditions starting around 18,000 cal. yr BP, with a gradual increase in marine production at 12,700 cal. yr BP. The ratio of total sulphur to TOC displays five peaks from -28,500 - 10,000 cal. yr BP, which correspond to spikes in Pediaslrul11 algae and may indicate Black Sea flood events. Pollen records indicate four assemblage zones (5 - 2) within core MAR02-89P. Pleniglacial to late glacial zone 5 represents mixed oro-Mediterranean forest and steppe grassland, indicating some areas with >600 mm rainfall/yr and warm enough to support a Castanea (sweet chestnut) refugium. Zone 4 in the cold Heinrich I-IS I and warmer Bølling-Allenrød equivalent intervals has increased presence of steppe grassland with Ephedra. Zone 3 in the Younger Dryas interval consists of predominantly steppe-forest, with sparse oro-Mediterranean forest, suggesting ~ 300 - 600 mm of annual rainfall. Preboreal to early Holocene Zone 2 records mesic euxinian forest with less steppe vegetation, because there is a reduction in pollen characterizing grassland areas and indicating <600 mm per year of rainfall, and an increase in pollen of euxinic forests plants requiring >600 mm of rainfall year-round. Dinoflagellate cyst records show two assemblage zones, with a low salinity Spiniferites cruciformis-Pyxidinopsis psilata assemblage being replaced with a more diverse Operculodinium centrocarpum Spiniferites assemblage by 12,700 cal. yr BP. Three subzones in Dinocyst Assemblage Zone 2 (D2) may indicate changes in sea surface salinity (SSS) and temperature (SST). The marker species in the Dinocyst Assemblage subzone D2c indicate -10 psu and cool water for the pleniglacial. Late glacial subzone D2b has assemblages indicating increased salinity (~13 - 17 psu) while late glacial subzone D2a assemblages suggest warmer SST during the Heinrich HSI and the start of the Bølling-Allenrød equivalent intervals. Dinocyst Assemblage Zone I (DI) consists of two subzones: dinocysts in pre-boreal subzone D1b indicate SSS of ~13 - 20 psu and cool to temperate surface water in contrast to subzone D1a Holocene assemblages indicating temperate to sub-tropical SST. From ~30,000 - 14,850 cal. yr BP, the Marmara Sea received water from the Black Sea during flood events. There is no record in core MAR02-89P for the interval of 14,850 - 12,700 cal. yr BP, by the end of this hiatus, sapropel development had begun, and Mediterranean dinocysts indicate Mediterranean water from the Aegean Sea was contributing to the Marmara Sea together with Black Sea water during and after the Younger Dryas event.


identifier: Rossiter, Christopher Philip <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Rossiter=3AChristopher_Philip=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Assessment of ice keel/soil and pipeline/soil interactions : continuum modelling in clay.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In process


identifier: Ross-Jones, Jesse <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Ross-Jones=3AJesse=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Acoustic detection of aircraft from an airborne platform.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In process


identifier: Khakzad Rostami, Nima <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Khakzad_Rostami=3ANima=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Dynamic safety analysis using advanced approaches.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Process systems are prone to accidents as they deal with hazardous material at high temperature and/or pressure. Process plants are also characterized as complex systems where a dense cluster of pipes and equipment may cause a chain of accidents. Therefore, implementation and maintenance of safety measures through risk assessment is crucial to maintain risk below the acceptance criteria. Risk assessment methodologies such as quantitative risk analysis (QRA) and probabilistic safety analysis (PSA) comprise different steps among which accident scenario analysis is a common task. Accident scenario analysis includes accident sequence modeling and associated consequence assessment. Among many techniques available to conduct accident scenario analysis, bow-tie (BT) and Bayesian network (BN) are the most popular. Both techniques are graphical methods illustrating an accident scenario completely and taking advantage of robust probabilistic reasoning engines. BT technique addresses causes and consequences of an accident scenario in a transparent manner that is readily tractable and communicable with stakeholders. However, it suffers limitations of being static and unable to model conditional dependencies. These limitations significantly reduce BT's efficacy to do dynamic risk analysis. In the present study, Bayesian updating and real-time monitoring of operational parameters in the form of physical reliability models are used to overcome these limitations. Physical reliability models provided the analyst with a deeper insight into the behavior of risk while Bayes' rule helps to capture variations over time and to learn from experiences. Bayesian network is an alternative technique to conventional methods such as fault tree and bow-tie, with ample potential in risk assessment and safety analysis. Mapping fault tree and bow-tie into Bayesian network, it is shown that how conditional dependencies, multi-state variables, common cause failures can be considered and most importantly, probability updating can be conducted. Advanced aspects of Bayesian networks such as object-oriented Bayesian networks (OOBN) and discrete-time Bayesian networks (DTBN) are examined in this study. The former decomposes a large network to sub-models with desired level of abstraction, facilitating the modeling and capturing of dependencies. The latter explicitly takes time into account to model sequential failures by means of dynamic gates. To improve the performance of DTBN, an innovative algorithm is introduced to reduce the size of probability tables. Further, two new relationships are developed for dynamic gates cold spare and sequential enforcing gates to make them compatible with most distribution functions. Applying Bayesian networks in the field of domino effects, both propagation pattern and probability of domino effect at different stages are calculated. In this study, the efficacy of BN in safety analysis and accident scenario modeling of a variety of applications such as loss of well control, risk-based design of safety systems and domino effect is examined.


identifier: Ryan, Devonne M.(Devonne Mary) <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Ryan=3ADevonne_M=2E=28Devonne_Mary=29=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Exploring the association between physical activity, heart disease, and aspects of the environment including interpersonal and community factors.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Purpose: To explore the association between regular physical activity, heart disease and aspects of the environment, including interpersonal and community factors. -- Methods: The 2011 Survey of Residents of St. John's, a representative telephone survey, provided data on English-speaking adults, 19 years and older, from St. John's, Newfoundland. From this, we created a novel interpersonal index based on sense of belonging and on satisfaction with family and friends and community level factors. We then used logistic regression to examine the association. -- Results: After controlling for age and sex, individuals who reported being physically active on a daily basis were more likely to have higher scores on the interpersonal index, were more likely to have a positive impression of outdoor spaces as a place to be active and were more likely to report feeling safe and secure in their environment than individuals who reported not being physically active. In addition, individuals with heart disease were more likely to rate their impression of active outdoor spaces (i.e. spaces where they were active) negatively than those without heart disease. -- Interpretation: The socio-ecological model of health provides researchers with a framework to study communities. This framework shows that St. John's residents rely on interpersonal and community support for daily physical activity. Strategies to encourage residents to be active should be based on this concept.


identifier: Sadighjamali, Saeedeh <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Sadighjamali=3ASaeedeh=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Courtyard housing : a comparative study.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

title: Courtyard housing : a comparative study

abstract: This thesis adopts a multi-dimensional ethnographic perspective to examine courtyard houses, a particular house type from Tabriz, Iran. My research investigates the interplay between spatial contexts and socio-cultural performances in this built environment. In particular, my thesis addresses two major cultural issues in relation to this architectural form. First, the research investigates the interrelation between architecture and belief. Examining the spaces and their functions in the house, I explore how aspects of Iranians' everyday lives are affected by the practice of Islam and how this influence is reflected in the spatial organization of houses and in the performances of residents within their houses. Second, and the most significant aspect of my research is to investigate the interplay between spatial arrangement and gendered experiences. Gender roles and relations are constructed, experienced and controlled within the spatial context of a dwelling. My research consequently aims to investigate the role of domestic architecture in articulating gendered relations. The courtyard house contributes to the confinement of women and their relegation to the domestic sphere. However, women do not always conform to the enforced gender roles and relations. My thesis shows how by controlling and mediating interior space, women resist and subvert the existing gender norms--though in a limited way.


identifier: Sarhan, Mohammed A. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Sarhan=3AMohammed_A=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Mechanisms of Hepatitis C virus infection of human T lymphocytes.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In process


identifier: Sarker, Md. Mejbahul <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Sarker=3AMd=2E_Mejbahul=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Modeling, simulation and control of stick-slip and bit-bounce vibration in an oilwell brillstring.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In process


identifier: Shukla, Ranjeet Rahul <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Shukla=3ARanjeet_Rahul=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Polycyclic quinolones: design, synthesis, preliminary in vitro and in silico studies.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: 4 (1H)-Quinolone is an important phamacophore found in a variety of biologically active molecules including clinically used antimalarial, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antiviral agents. The diverse biological profiles of quinolone derivatives have attracted researchers interested in exploring novel quinolone-based compounds that may overcome the unwanted effects of life-saving drugs while presenting new mechanisms of action and high efficacy. -- Among the quinolone derivatives, 4 (1H)-quinolone-3carboxylic acid derivatives have displayed an excellent antibacterial profile. This includes high efficacy, broad spectrum of activity, high tolerability, and effectiveness against bacterial strains resistant to available antibiotics. The work presented in this thesis was performed in order to discover novel polycyclic quinolones with potential antibacterial activity, focussing on activity against resistant bacterial strains. This work involves the design and synthesis of various fused quinolones and their in vitro microbiological activity. In order to understand the mechanism behind the loss of activity, in silico molecular docking was carried out on the DNA gyrase enzyme. -- The results obtained in this study showed that the synthesized quinolone derivatives have good binding affinities to DNA gyrase. However, these derivatives were not able to form stable bonds with the enzyme, which may account for the lack of bioactivity exhibited by these derivatives.


identifier: Siddiqui, Atiq Waliullah <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Siddiqui=3AAtiq_Waliullah=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Tactical planning in maritime transportation of crude oil.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The global crude oil distribution network mainly comprises of ocean shipping links that make use of massive and exceedingly expensive oil tankers. Oil companies rely on these tankers to exploit the economies of scale. However, it also means stern planning and managerial challenges in the presence of uncertain oil demand, freight rates volatilities, high operating costs, long delivery lead times and the associated environmental risks. These challenges vary from long term or strategic issues such as distribution network design, to medium-short term tactical planning issues such as order delivery scheduling and vessel chartering, besides some other day-to-day operational issues On a thematic level, this work presents an integrated approach, through a compatible set of frameworks, to the key tactical planning problems faced by an oil supplier. More specifically, there are at least four major contributions. In the first contribution, we present a cost-of-spill approach for selecting tanker routes for maritime transportation of crude oil. The proposed method is in line with the Formal Safety Assessment (FSA) guidelines proposed by the International Maritime Organization. In the second contribution, we present a time dependent periodic scheduling approach that exploits the crude oil demand structure and resource characteristics. In the third contribution, we present a simulation-optimization based fleet management framework that overarches the proposed scheduling model. Finally, our last contribution integrates and extends the earlier approaches into scheduling model, which would cater to a manager's risk-cost preference by generating a Pareto frontier of non-dominated solutions. a single bi-objective risk-cost based tanker routing and delivery.


identifier: Storch, Arnannguaq Ana <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Storch=3AArnannguaq_Ana=3A=3A.html>   (2012) The biology, ecology and management of Greenland halibut (reinhardtius hippoglossoides) in NAFO subarea 0+ 1:a case for conservation and comanagement by Canada and Greenland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In process


identifier: Sun, Zhao <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Sun=3AZhao=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Occurrence and significance of offspring variations : insights from brooding marine invertebrates.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In process


identifier: Tavakoli, Yashar <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Tavakoli=3AYashar=3A=3A.html>   (2012) New bounds for search numbers using probabilistic and algorithmic techniques.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Graph searching is a well-studied subject in graph theory. This thesis concentrates on the magnitude of two different search numbers. First, a new upper bound on the fast search number of a general graph is given. The new result improves the existing bound on the fast search number which is given by the brush number. Based on the improved result, an upper bound for almost all graphs is obtained. Next, using an existing lower bound on the fast search number, a lower bound on the fast search number of almost all graphs is derived. Finally, the only existing upper bound on the node search number of a general graph is improved.


identifier: Thompson, Lesley Carolyn <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Thompson=3ALesley_Carolyn=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Ceci n'est pas un scénario: étude de neige noire d'Hubert Aquin.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In process


identifier: Tian, Wenjie <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Tian=3AWenjie=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Uniqueness of extremal kerr-newman isolated horizons: quasilocal intrinsic structure, near-horizon geometry and distortion of extremal horizons.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In Process


identifier: Twomey, J. Creina(June Creina) <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Twomey=3AJ=2E_Creina=28June_Creina=29=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Psychometric testing of the patient perception of hemodialysis scale.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In process


identifier: Vattathoor, Jayasankar <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Vattathoor=3AJayasankar=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Robust estimation methods in statistical quality control.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In process


identifier: Villarreal, Renán <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Villarreal=3ARen=E1n=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Ultrasonic study of CuO and a landau model for monoclinic multiferroics.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Encouraged by recent experiments on multiferroic systems using high-resolution ultrasonic measurements, we measured the temperature and field dependence of the velocity of acoustic modes in order to determine the magnetic phase diagram of the monoclinic multiferroic cupric oxide (CuO). A new transition at TN₃ = 230 K corresponding to an intermediate state between the antiforromagnetic incommensurate non-collinear spiral phase (AF2) observed below TN₂ = 229.3 K and a paramagnetic phase (PM), is revealed. Anomalies associated with a first order transition to a commensurate collinear phase (AF1) are also observed at TN₁ = 213 K. Our dielectric constant measurements confirm that only the spiral phase supports a spontaneous electric polarization. As well, we report on a spin-flop transition between 11 T - 13 T in the low temperature AF1 collinear phase with B ∥ b. Most of the experiments were carried out in Memorial University of Newfoundland with the exception of the high magnetic field (B > 7 T) measurements which are part of Professor Guy Quirion's short visit to l'Uuiversité de Sherbrooke. In addition, a non-local Landau-type free energy is developed for CuO and similar monoclinic multiferroics. In contrast with previous results of other groups, but in support of a recent proposal, our analysis clearly reveals the necessity for an incommensurate of collinear phase (AF3) between the PM and the spiral AF2 states.  Such a phase has been shown, both theoretically and experimentally, to occur in other geometrically frustrated antiferromagnets where symmetry allows for uniaxial anisotropy at second order and in multiferroic compounds similar to CuO. We compare the model predictions to the B-T phase diagram of CuO obtained using ultrasonic velocity data.  The same sequence of magnetic phase transitions is observed as in other multiferroic systems with spiral spin-driven ferroelectric order such as MnWO₄, AMSi₂O₆, some of the orthorhombic systems RMnO₃, the Kagomé-related compound Ni₃V₂O₈ and LiCuVO₄.


identifier: Wang, Cheng <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Wang=3ACheng=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Flexible and resource efficient design for hardware implementation of the advanced encryption standard.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In process


identifier: Wang, Hongfei <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Wang=3AHongfei=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Cyclostationarity based blind classification and parameter estimation for FSK and MSK signals.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
Blind signal classification and parameter estimation plays an important role in both military and civilian applications. The classification and estimation task provides signal information, such as modulation type, carrier frequency, signal bandwidth, and symbol timing, for the design of effective communication systems. In general, blind signal classification and parameter estimation is very  challenging, particularly in environments involving a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime, short observation periods, fading channel conditions and relaxed a priori information. -- Due to its easy implementation and widespread usage in legacy communications equipment, the frequency shift keying (FSK) modulation continues to be very  common, especially in the VHF and UHF bands. On the other hand, minimum shift-keying (MSK) scheme is also widely used in wireless communication systems as it possesses many advantages, such as bandwidth efficiency and constant-envelope property. Thus, the blind classification and parameter estimation of FSK and MSK signals becomes an attractive research area. Most of existing approaches for FSK and MSK signal classification and parameter estimation require pre-processing such as symbol timing and carrier recovery, and only additive Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel is
considered. -- In this thesis, the cyclostationarity-based FSK and MSK signal classification and parameter estimation are studied. The first- and second-order cyclostationarity of FSK and MSK signals affected by fading is investigated. Based on the first-order cyclostationarity of FSK signals, a  joint classification and tone frequency spacing estimation algorithm is proposed. Furthermore, a symbol period estimation algorithm for FSK signals is proposed based on the properties of second-order cyclostationarity. By combining the properties of first- and second-order cyclostationarity of FSK and MSK signals, a joint classification algorithm for FSK and MSK signals is proposed. Simulation and experimental results are canied out  to show the efficiency of proposed algorithms. It is proved that reasonably good performance can be obtained at low SNRs, using short observation period, under the fading effect, and with relaxed a priori information.


identifier: Wang, Yishu <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Wang=3AYishu=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Covariate-adjusted response-adaptive design with longitudinal responses.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Response-adaptive designs have been extensively studied and applied in clinical trials. However, few research is for longitudinal data and less is known on limiting allocation properties when response adaptive designs are used in a longitudinal setting. Zhang et. al. (2007) proposed a general covariate-adjusted response-adaptive (CARA) design for non-longitudinal clinical trials and explored its asymptotic properties. The objectives of this research are to extend the general CARA design to clinical trials with longitudinal responses, and to study the asymptotic properties of the parameter estimators and the allocation proportion. The explicit expressions for the limiting allocation proportions of the extended design are obtained. The generalized estimating equations and martingale theories are used to develop the asymptotic properties of regression parameters and allocation proportions. This research is also the first study on covariate-adjusted response-adaptive design with longitudinal clinical responses and with more than two competing treatments.


identifier: Wang, Zhen <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Wang=3AZhen=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Global dynamics of two epidemic models.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

title: Global dynamics of two epidemic models


identifier: White, Bryan Glover <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/White=3ABryan_Glover=3A=3A.html>   (2012) The expression and regulation of HSPB1 (Hsp27) in the rat myometrium during pregnancy and labour.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
One avenue available to combat the significant problem of pre-term labour is through a better understanding of regulation of uterine smooth muscle function and contraction. Although there is minimal research into the role of HSPB1 (Hsp27) in uterine smooth muscle, it has been proposed to play an important role in cytoskeletal arrangement and contraction in colonic smooth muscle. It was hypothesized that HspB1 would be highly expressed in the rat myometrium during pregnancy and regulated by the endocrinological environment as well as uterine stretch. Utilizing northern blot, immunoblot, and immunofluorescence analysis, the expression and regulation of HSPB1 mRNA and HSPB1 protein in rat uterine smooth muscle (myometrium) was assessed. Through gestation, HSPB1 mRNA increased to a maximun at day 19 and decreased afterwards, while total HSPB1 phosphorylated on serine-15 (pSer15 HSPB1) increased from d19 to a maximum at labour, falling thereafter. Labour also signalled a switch from peri-nuclear /membrane-associated HSPB1 localization in myometrial cells earlier in pregnancy to cytoplasmic localization in situ.  To analyze regulation of HSPB1 by ovarian steroids, experimental models including administration of progesterone or progesterone receptor antagonist (RU486) to pregnant rats were utilized as well as 17β-estradiol administration to non-pregnant rats. Progesterone increased HSPB1 expression, prevented the late-pregnancy increase in HSPB1, and forestalled the normal labour-associated localization shift in situ, while RU486 had the opposite effect, 17β-estradiol stimulated a very rapid (<1hr) increase in pSer15 HSPB1 expression, with an increase in total HSPB1 after 12-24hrs. To analyse the role of myometrial stretch on HSPB1 expression, unilaterally pregnant and non-pregnant ovariectomizcd rat models were utilized. Regardless of the endocrine environment, myometrial stretch facilitated an increase in both HSPB1 and  pSerl5 HSPB1 expression. However, total HSPB1 only
increased when the hormone environment was intact, which also directed its sub-cellular localization in situ. In total these data validate our hypothesis and specifically show that hormonal and stretch-facilitated signalling pathways, perhaps in concert, regulate HSPB1 gene expression. These data also support an ongoing hypothesis in  the lab that prior to labour HSPB1 may facilitate proper structural organization of the actin cytoskeleton and
incorporation into focal adhesions on the cell membrane while at labour HSPB1 may facilitate association of myosin with actin in the cytoplasm, to allow for the high amplitude contractions necessary for parturition.


identifier: White, Matthew M.(Matthew Martin) <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/White=3AMatthew_M=2E=28Matthew_Martin=29=3A=3A.html>   (2012) New tutorials for digital games: game design meets instructional design.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Contemporary digital games do little to help novice and disadvantaged players wanting to learn to play. The novice-expert divide is a significant barrier for entry for individuals wanting to play digital games. Given that digital games are widely being used in pedagogical situations, these barriers to entry present a significant problem in the use of digital games in the classroom. In response to this problem, three new tutorials for WORLD OF WARCRAFT were designed in an attempt to improve the existing  tutorials. These new tutorials offered different modalities of instruction, as well as instructional strategies in assisting players. Tutorials were designed using the Structured Sound Functions (SSF) model of instructional design, following the Attentional Control Theory of Multimedia Learning (ACTML). This work addresses three important and previously unexplored areas of research. First, the exploration and in-depth study of game tutorials is as yet missing from both the education and games studies literature. Secondly, literature concerning tutorial systems  in Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPGs)  such as WORLD OF WARCRAFT is currently non-existent. Finally, meaningful advice for the design of tutorial systems in digital games is a previously unexplored area in educational research. Results suggest that players react favourably to a faded or "just-in-time" instructional strategy, showing significantly increased motivation for play, engagement, and play mastery. Consistent with earlier research, multimedia sound was once again shown to be durable and resistant to forgetting, as the SSF groups had significantly higher game mastery than their visual-only counterparts. Implications for game design, game studies research, and future educational research are discussed.


identifier: Whitehorne, Karen Mae Christine <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Whitehorne=3AKaren_Mae_Christine=3A=3A.html>   (2012) The lived experience of ICU for persons who have experienced delirium: a phenomenological study.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
The experience of being in the intensive care unit (ICU) frequently includes the experience of delirium. Delirium is a phenomenon that is often not recognized by nurses but has serious implications not only for the patient's mortality but also for his/her psychological well-being. Therefore, there is a need for nurses to understand the experience of ICU for patients who had delirium. The purpose of this phenomenological study is to answer the question "What is the lived experience of ICU for persons who have experienced
delirium?" Study participants, seven men and three women who ranged in age from forty-six to seventy years, were identified as having delirium using a validated tool for identifying delirium, the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (CAM-ICU). van Manen's (1997a) method of phenomenology was used to guide this study, and data collection entailed semistructured interviews which were audio recorded. Four themes were identified that describe the essence of the experience of ICU with delirium: I Can't Remember, Trying to Make a Connection, Trying to Get it Straight, and Fear and Safety Concerns. The first theme refers to the participants' reported loss of memory for part of the lCU stay and their reaction to the memory loss. The second theme is related to feeling disconnected from others and from reality as well as efforts to connect. The third theme means trying to make sense out of what was real or unreal such as the unusual experiences including hallucinations and disorientation in order to understand what happened to them in ICU. The final theme describes feeling safe or unsafe and the fear that loved ones were in danger. Participants identified ways that they were affected  by this experience, which was at times confusing or
frightening. The findings from this study have important implications for nursing interventions for patients in ICU including the need to assess for the presence of delirium as
well as the mental status for patients who have delirium, and helping patients and families learn about and deal with the psychological effects of the ICU experience. The findings from this study provide direction for nursing interventions, policy development, administation, education, and further research to improve the care of the patient who experiences ICU and delirium.


identifier: Wijekoon, Manjusri Pandula Atapattu <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Wijekoon=3AManjusri_Pandula_Atapattu=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Effect of water temperature and diet on cell membrane fluidity and fatty acid composition of muscle, liver, gill and intestine mucosa of adult and juvenile steelhead trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Chapter I highlights the significant role of lipids in fish as a source of metabolic energy for growth, reproduction, movement and health. Dietary lipids also influence the fatty acid composition in various tissues including cellular membranes altering composition and function. Fish oil (FO) derived from capture fisheries is the main source of lipid in aquaculture feed to provide the essential fatty acids for  maricultured fish. However, limitations in FO availability have prompted the investigation of the use of vegetable oil and animal fat as substitutes for fish oil and are investigated in this study. -- Chapter 2 reports the results of investigation of the effect of FO substituted commercial and experimental diets on muscle lipid class and fatty acid composition in adult and juvenile steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Study (i) compared herring oil (HE) diets with those containing medium levels of omega 3 fatty acids (M-ω3) and lower ω3 levels (L-ω3), and study (ii) compared HE with sunflower oil (SF) and flax seed oil (FLX).    The results of both studies indicate the possibility of substitution of FO without compromising growth, feed efficiency or health once the minimal essential fatty acid requirements are met in the diet. HE diets with higher ω3 levels (H-ω3) in both studies significantly increased the ω3 highly unsaturated fatty acid composition in muscle tissue with a corresponding decrease in plant terrestrial fatty acid composition (p ≤ 0.045). However, fish fed M-ω3, L-ω3, SF and FLX diets selectively accumulated DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) in muscle tissue minimizing the dietary differences in both adult and juvenile fish. All M-ω3, L-ω3 and SF diets were rich in linoleic acid and increased the ω6 composition in muscle tissue altering the ω6:ω3 ratio. In contrast, both HE and FLX diets had similar ∑ω3 and ω6:ω3 ratios due to the high availability of linolenic acid in FLX feed. Triacylglycerols were the main neutral lipid stored in muscle tissue (above 80 - 90% total lipid). Changes in water temperature had minimal effects on muscle lipid composition in both adult and juvenile fish. -- Chapter 3 investigated the effect of H-ω3, M-ω3 and L-ω3 diets and changes in water temperature on liver membrane fluidity, lipid class and fatty acid composition in adult fish. Fish were sampled from the initial (l3.5°C), middle (18.0°C) and final (13.5°C) experimental temperatures used in study (i). The membrane fluidity was determined by measuring the CH₂ symmetric stretching bands in Raman spectroscopy at 2850 cm⁻¹. The stretching frequencies were obtained by subjecting the liver lipid to a temperature range of 2 to 30°C in increments of 4°C. The physical properties of the liver membrane lipid in fish fed H-ω3 diets was the least influenced by quickly adapting to either  an increase or decrease in water temperature. The membrane fluidity of fish fed M-ω3 diets at 18.0°C, was similar to fish fed H-ω3. The liver membranes of L-ω3 diet fed fish sampled at both 18.0 and 13.5°C became increasingly more fluid than both H-ω3 and M-ω3 fed fish during the Raman trial. The fatty acid proportion of 20:3ω6 and 20:4ω6 at 18.0°C and 20:3ω6 at 13.5°C (final) was significantly higher in fish fed L-ω3 diets and may have influenced the increased fluidity in liver cell membranes. Both M-ω3 and H-ω3 fed fish have the capability to withstand a broader temperature range without undergoing complete phase separation of membrane lipids. -- Chapter 4 evaluated the lipid composition of gills, intestine mucosa and liver tissue of juvenile steelhead trout using HE, SF and FLX diets, during a water temperature increase from 8 to 18.0°C. The lipid class composition of gill tissue was not affected by diet or  temperature. Both SF and FLX diets significantly increased the terrestrial fatty acid composition and ω6:ω3 ratio in gills of juvenile steelhead trout. The variation in diets also influenced the storage and selection of fatty acid substrates for β-oxidation in juvenile steelhead trout. Fish  fed HE diets deposited a higher amount of saturated fatty acids in the liver while monounsaturated fatty acids were significantly higher in both SF and FLX diet fed fish. Both SF and FLX diets stimulated chain elongation and desaturation in steelhead juveniles. The SF diet stimulated the production of arachidonic acid while eicosapentaenoic acid production was promoted by the FLX diet.


identifier: Williams, Lorna Rose (Lorna R.) <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Williams=3ALorna_Rose_=28Lorna_R=2E=29=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Holocene ostracod paleoecology of the southwestern Black Sea shelf.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
The Black Sea is an essentially isolated sea connected to the Mediterranean Sea through two narrow and shallow straits. The Bosphorus Strait connects the Black Sea to the Marmara Sea and the Dardanelles Strait connects the Marmara Sea to the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Today, a two-way flow exists between the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea via the Marmara Sea and the Dardanelles and Bosphorus Straits. During glacial periods when water levels in the World Ocean dropped, the Black Sea became periodically isolated. There are three conflicting hypotheses regarding the timing and mechanism of the last reconnection of the Black Sea to the Mediterranean Sea: the Flood Hypothesis, the Outflow Hypothesis and the Oscillating Hypothesis. -- Cores MAR05-50P and MAR05-51G were raised in 91 m water depth from the southwestern Black Sea shelf on the eastern levee of a saline underflow channel. Composite core MAR05-50 was constructed from the above cores to accommodate core top loss and an age model was created based on 11 radiocarbon dates. Core MAR05-50 recovered sediments from virtually the entire Holocene from 11490 cal yr BP to present. -- A total of 45 individual ostracod species were found in the above cores and 43 were identified with the aid of taxonomic literature. From 11400 to7450 cal yr BP the ostracod assemblage is completely dominated by Ponto-Caspian species,  mainly Loxoconcha sublepida, Loxoconcha lepida and Tyrrhenocythere amnicola donetziensis. From 7580 to 6410 cal  yr BP the assemblage is almost equal abundances of a new Mediterranean species Loxoconcha littoralis and the Ponto-Caspian species. After 7450 cal yr BP to the top of the core, the assemblage is fully dominated by Mediterranean species, including Palmoconcha agilis, Carinocythereis carinata, Hiltermannicythere rubra and Pterygocythereis jonesii. CONISS cluster analysis revealed 6 Bio-zones where there are distinct changes in the ostracod assemblage. The lower, Porno-Caspian interval is divided into Bio-zones 1 and 2. The "mixed" assemblage is Bio-zone 3. The upper, Mediterranean interval of the core is divided into Bio-zones  4, 5 and 6 where new Mediterranean species are introduced and previous species decrease in abundance or disappear. The  changes in the ostracod assemblages from one bio-zone to the  next suggests that progressive ecological changes took place  on the southwestern Black Sea shelf from 11400 cal yr BP to present. Sedimentological data and geochemical data from core MAR02-45, ~70 km northeast of the study area, place the  timing of the last postglacial reconnection between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea at ~ 8500 cal yr BP. -- The ostracod data indicate a ~1000 year salinization lag between the reconnection and the first Mediterranean species  to colonize the area. The step-wise Bio-zones further suggest that the post-reconnection salinization of the Black  Sea was a gradual process and took ~5000 years to reach near-modern salinity conditions. The results conflict with the catastrophic Flood Hypothesis in that the changes in the  ostracod assemblages seem to reflect a more ordered reconnection and stepwise salinization process. The ostracod
results can neither confirm nor refute the Oscillating Hypothesis. There are no conflicts between the ostracod data and the Outflow Hypothesis which argues for a gradual reconnection and salinization. Both the Outflow Hypothesis and the Oscillating Hypothesis are entirely plausible based on the ostracod evidence from core MAR05-50.


identifier: Winward, Mark <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Winward=3AMark=3A=3A.html>   (2012) The truth shall (not) set you free: hegemony, identity, and history education in Yugoslavia and Rwanda.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: A shared history is crucial to the formation of a national imagined community. Many post-ethnic conflict societies, such as Tito's Yugoslavia and Kagame's Rwanda, have attempted or are attempting to build new national imagined communities in order to overcome genocide. Building this community requires a new understanding of the past that is able to co-opt divisive elements of history that helped to fuel identity based violence. History education provides a mechanism for states to construct this new history amongst the next generation, ideally creating a new supra-ethnic identity in the process. -- Using the theoretical framework of hegemony, and drawing lessons from 'Yugoslavism', this thesis evaluates the potential of Kagame's 'Rwandanism' project as a means of post-conflict reconciliation. Methods of disseminating narratives of the past such as gacaca, genocide memorialisation, ingando, and the public school system are discussed, highlighting the differences between official and local accounts of Rwanda's history.


identifier: Wish, Tyler <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Wish=3ATyler=3A=3A.html>   (2012) The clinical and molecular epidemiology of inherited colorectal cancer in Newfoundland and Labrador.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Background -- Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a hereditary disease and approximately one-third of all patients have a family history of CRC. A greater understanding of the clinical and molecular features associated with hereditary CRC may lead to improved screening and patient outcomes. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the clinical, molecular and environmental features that are associated with CRC patients who have a family history of the disease. -- Methods -- Incident population-based CRC patients from Newfoundland and Labrador were prospectively identified from the Newfoundland Colorectal Cancer Registry (NFCCR). Eligible index patients (n = 1,173) were diagnosd at less than 75 years of age and eligible study controls (n = 1,603) were identified through random digit dialing. Consenting patients (n = 750) provided a blood sample and permission to access medical records and tissue blocks. Biological specimens underwent molecular testing for germline mutations  in the mismatch repair genes (i.e. Lynch Syndrome), tumour microsatellite-instability and for the somatic p. V600E BRAF  mutation. Patients and controls completed family history, personal history and food frequency questionnaires. -- Results -- Thirty-two percent of index patients (n = 179 / 553) had at least one firstdegree relative (FDR) affected by  CRC. High-risk patients contained either a pathogenic mismatch repair gene variant (n = 17), or satisfied high-risk family history criteria, defined by either the familial  CRC type X (FCCTX) (n = 15) or modified-FCCTX criteria (n = 16). The risk of CRC in family members of patients identified as FCCTX and modified-FCCTX is similar, but is significantly less when compared to Lynch syndrome. Twenty-six percent of non high-risk patients had at least one FDR affected by CRC. Patients who had either a synchronous or metachronous tumour or a V600E BRAF mutation tumour were associated with a significantly greater family history of CRC compared to patients without either of these features. Patients who have a V600E BRAF mutation tumour are significantly associated with diabetes, smoking and inversely associated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. -- Conclusions -- The incidence of hereditary colorectal cancer in NL is high. A small subgroup of patients satisfies high-risk criteria, but the etiology of the disease is unknown for the majority of these families and requires further investigation. The V600E BRAF mutation and the occurrence of multiple tumours are associated with an elevated family history of CRC and may be useful markers of increased risk for screening purposes. Metabolic and inflammatory mechanisms may be important factors in the etiology of patients who have a BRAF mutation tumour.


identifier: Xu, Qingheng <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Xu=3AQingheng=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Family-specific differences in growth rate and hepatic gene expression in triploid growth hormone (GH) transgenic Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.).  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
Growth hormone transgenic (GHTg) Atlantic salmon have enhanced growth when compared to their non-transgenic counterparts, and this trait is beneficial for aquaculture
production. However, there are concerns regarding the potential impacts of transgenic fish on wild populations. The culture of sterile triploid GH transgenic (3NGHTg) Atlantic salmon would prevent interbreeding of transgenic fish and wild stocks, thus minimizing environmental impacts. Generally, the growth performance of triploid salmon relative to diploid siblings remains an area of investigation. Growth rate of 3NGHTg Atlantic salmon families were found to significantly vary between families in a breeding program. In order to identify gene expression correlates of enhanced growth in 3NGHTg Atlantic salmon, a functional genomics approach (32K cDNA microarrays followed by QPCR) was used to identify and validate liver transcripts that are differentially expressed between two fast-growing 3NGHTg Atlantic salmon families (AS11, AS26) and one slowgrowing 3NGHTg Atlantic salmon family (AS25). Of 687 reproducibly informative microarray features, 143 features (116 more highly expressed in fast-growing, and 27
more highly expressed in slow-growing) were identified in the AS11 vs. AS25 microarray study, while 544 features (442 more highly expressed in fast-growing and 102 more highly expressed in slow-growing) were identified in the AS26 vs. AS25 microarray study. In order to identify growth-relevant transcripts that were consistently differentially expressed between fast-growing and slow-growing 3NGHTg families, the AS11 vs. AS25 and AS26 vs. AS25 microarray gene lists were further analyzed using Venn diagrams. Forty microarray features (39 associated with fast growth and 1 associated with slow growth) were present in both microarray comparisons. The expression levels of 15 microarray-identified transcripts were studied using QPCR with individual RNA samples to validate the microarray results and to study biological variability of transcript expression. The QPCR results agreed with the microarray results for 12 of 13 putative fast-growth associated transcripts, but QPCR did not validate the microarray results for 2 putative slow-growth associated transcripts. Many of the 39 microarray features that were consistently associated with fast-growing 3NGHTg salmon (including ACBP, APOAI, APOAIV, B2M, D5DP, FTM, GAPDH, and NUPR1) were involved in carbohydrate, lipid, and amino acid metabolism, iron homeostasis and oxygen transport, and immune-or stress-related responses. The results of this study increase our knowledge of family-specific impacts on growth rate and hepatic gene expression in 3NGHTg Atlantic salmon. In addition, this study provides a suite of rapid growth rate associated transcripts that may lead to the development of molecular markers (e.g. intronic, exonic or regulatory region SNPs) for the selection of GHTg Atlantic salmon broodstock that will give rise to sterile triploids of desired growth performance for future commercial applications.


identifier: Zhao, Jing <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Zhao=3AJing=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Physical activity, the direct and indirect effect of socioeconomic status on risk factors of colorectal cancer in Canada.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
The objective of this thesis was to examine the determinants of colorectal cancer(CRC) from two perspectives: 1) the associations between recreational physical activity and the risk of CRC; 2) the direct and indirect effect of socioeconomic status on the risk of CRC. -- Higher levels of physical activity have been consistently associated with lower risk of CRC in previous studies. Nevertheless, the specific mode, intensity, frequency, and duration of physical activity required for CRC prevention are not well known and remain controversial. The first objective of this study is to examine the associations of walking, non-walking
exercise, and total recreational physical activity on colorectal cancer development. The study used the data collected from the existing population based case-control study of Ontario (ON) and Newfoundland and Labrador (NL), in which personal history, life style and dietary information were collected using the Personal History Questionnaire (PHQ), Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and Family History Questionnaire (FHQ). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratios(OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) after adjusting potential confounding covariates. Pooled analysis in both ON and NL
was also conducted. Results from this study showed that the highest quintile of walking was associated with increased colorectal cancer risk for both males and females in both provinces (highest VS lowest: ON: OR=1.51, 95%CI=l.07-2.13; NL: OR=2.01,95%CI=1.25-3.22; pooled analysis: OR=1.70, 95%CI=1.09-2.66). However, this result could be biased because a higher proportion of cases responded to this item than controls. Non-walking exercise was insignificantly associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer for both sexes and provinces. These findings suggested that increasing amounts of neither walking nor non-walking exercise was associated with reducing the risk of colorectal cancer. More specified prospective studies on physical activity are needed to evaluate effective frequency,
duration and intensity of physical activity in relation to colon and rectal cancer prevention. -- Existing epidemiologic studies have not investigated how risk factors work together to increase the incidence of CRC; therefore, the true effect of each factor could be under- or
over-estimated. The second component of this thesis was to explore how socio-cconomic status(SES) directly influences the risk of developing CRC and its mediated effect on CRC
risk through diet while adjusting for possible risk factors of alcohol intake, smoking, physical inactivity, and obesity. Using the data from just the NL province, measurement and structural modeling was used to test conceptual models. Exploratory factor analysis was used to
identify dietary patterns measured by 39 food groups. Next, the direct and intermediate effects of risk factors were examined using structural equation modeling. The results from multivariable regression analysis indicated that age (OR=l.03), SES (OR=O.89), processed meat intake (OR=1.08), non-screening (OR=2.67), smoking (OR=1.44, 1.85 (ever, current)), and family history score of CRC(OR=l.06), were significantly associated with the risk of CRC. SES (β=0.05) has a direct effect on the risk of CRC and the indirect effect (β=0.06) of SES on the risk of CRC also appeared to exist through processed meat intake (β=0.01), lower
vegetable intake (β=0.01), lower screening frequency (β=0.02), and smoking (β=O.02). This study indicated that the NL population has three major dietary patterns. Also, structural equation modeling used in this study, a relatively new approach in epidemiology studies, provided unique information of the direct effect of SES on the development of CRC and its indirect effects through a set of candidate CRC risk factors. -- KEYWORDS: Colorectal cancer; physical activity; socioeconomic status; diet pattern; direct effect; indirect effect.


identifier: Zhou, Mingxi <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Zhou=3AMingxi=3A=3A.html>   (2012) The approach of improving the roll control of a slocum autonomous underwater glider.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
Currently, Slocum Autonomous Underwater Gliders (AUGs) are widely used in oceanographic research. However, compared to the other legacy AUGs, Spray gliders and Seagliders, the roll controllability is insufficient on the Slocum gliders. This thesis discusses two different approaches of improving the roll controllability on a Slocum underwater glider. With improved roll motion, the Slocum glider has the potential to be involved in iceberg management along the Newfoundland and Labrador coast, and to fulfill the mission of iceberg surveillance and data reporting; for example, iceberg draft measurement and profiling. The operation of a Slocum glider will be safer and less expensive than the current ship based method. A simplified dynamic model of an underwater glider is derived and evaluated by comparing the simulation result with the field trial data collected in Conception Bay, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, 2010. The presented dynamic model can be easily modified to represent various realistic Slocum glider internal mass arrangements or even other types of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs). In addition to the existing internal structure of a Slocum glider, a movable mass, the position of which is variable in the wingspan direction, is introduced to investigate the 6 degree of freedom (DOF) performance of a Slocum glider, especially the roll and yaw motions. Two roll control mechanisms are introduced in this thesis. Based on the field data, a small roll angle (2° to 5ﾟ)exists in the mission due to a small error of separation between the center of buoyancy and the center of gravity in the roll trimming or other environmental effects. An Autonomous Roll Trimming Mechanism (ARTM) evolving from the wingspan movable mass is designed to simplify the roll trimming process and to eliminate the dynamic roll angle error during the flight. In the design of the Deflectable Wingtip Mechanism(DWM), the standard flat-plate wing sets are replaced by NACA00l2 airfoil sections and deflectable wingtips. A miniature geared stepper motor is integrated into the wing to control the wingtip deflection angle. The mechanism rolls the glider
by reversing the lift forces on the wingtips which create a rolling moment and roll the Slocum glider with an angle up to 45°. Simulated with the previously introduced and
evaluated dynamic model, the Slocum glider flies in a spiral motion with a fixed roll angle with a deflection on the wingtip. In order to control the spiral motion properly, the spiral parameters, such as turning radius and roll angle, are further examined. We illustrated the relationship between the angle of attack of the wingtip and the spiral motion performance. -- Beyond the mathematical analysis of the DWM, a hydrodynamic test is applied on the DWM. A hydrodynamic testing platform is designed, on which the angle of attack of the DWM, the sweep angle, and the wingtip deflection angle are variable. The experiments are conducted in the Open water flume tank located at the Engineering Department of Memorial University of Newfoundland. The forces and torques are collected using a 3-axis JR3 load cell. As a result, the hydrodynamic characteristics
of the DWM with different experimental settups are Obtained and compared.


identifier: Zong, Rui <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Zong=3ARui=3A=3A.html>   (2012) Finite element analysis of ship-ice collision using LS-DYNA.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
The energy industry's increasing interest in the Arctic region demands more and stronger polar ships. IACS has released a set of documents titled Unified Requirements for Polar Ships (URI) to harmonize different ice classification specifications. This thesis defines a procedure for evaluating an "IACS Polar Class" ship under ice impacts using LS-DYNA, an explicit finite element analysis tool. The final product includes a numerical model that is capable of evaluating the global motions of the ship and ice, the ship-ice contact force, and the local structural response of the ship. A few ice material models whose pressure-area relationships comply with the URI are proposed as well. Restoring forces are modeled using user-defined-curve-functions. This innovative approach significantly
reduces the computation cost by excluding the water domain from the analysis. The Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method in LS-DYNA is discussed and employed to estimate necessary inputs for the user-defined-curve-functions. Several ship-ice impact scenarios are modeled in LS-DYNA and contact forces are compared with the estimations by DDePS, a simple analytical solution that is consistent with the URI. In the last part of this thesis, the ship from the previous analysis is ice-strengthened with internal structures
in accordance with the URI and the DNV specifications. Local structural response of this ship under ice impacts is assessed.


identifier: Caputo, Michelle <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Caputo=3AMichelle=3A=3A.html>   (2013) Migratory behaviour of brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) in Gros Morne National Park, Newfoundland, and the potential for co-management of the recreational fishery.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
Charr (Salvelinus spp.) exhibit a variety of migration strategies, whereby some individuals venture to sea (anadromous) while others spend the entirety of their lives in freshwater (residents). The anadromous individuals are of particular interest as their behaviours may shape life history and affect population dynamics through increased
exposure to fishery exploitation. Here, I explore the migratory behaviour at sea of brook charr (S. fontinalis) from two distinct populations in Gros Morne National Park (GMNP), Newfoundland; one where the river enters a protected fjord and the other, open ocean. An interdisciplinary approach is used, integrating acoustic telemetry, otolith
microchemistry, and fishermen surveys to quantify and contrast migratory behaviours, and to characterize the recreational fishery. Acoustic telemetry of 17 brook charr from one population (in the Bonne Bay fjord), and otolith microchemistry from two populations (Bonne Bay fjord, where N=23, and Western Brook, where N=82) show age and habitat specific movements of brook charr. Brook charr make their first seaward migration at age 2+, often with previous movements to brackish environment between ages 1-2. At sea, charr frequent areas close to river mouths during the beginning and end of migratory period, venturing further away during the mid period of their marine residency. Results indicate that estuarine habitat may be important to anadromous individuals. After first seaward migration at 2+, there was no significant age-specific pattern for subsequent migrations. Fishermen surveys from two charr fisheries in western Newfoundland (the brook charr fishery of GMNP, and the Arctic charr [S.alpinus]) fishery of Pistolet Bay) provided some evidence that sea-run charr are at increased risk of fisheries interactions. Surveys revealed the usefulness of fishermen’s knowledge to managers, especially to rural communities where local fishermen are the primary
resource user and have historical knowledge of the fishery. In both cases, fishermen identified decreases in stock health, but where fishermen were more engaged, in Pistolet
Bay, resource users supported increased management efforts to improve stock health. By comparing the GMNP fishery with the Pistolet Bay fishery, I emphasized the effectiveness of fishermen engagement in management regimes and highlight
opportunities for comanagement in recreational fisheries to protect stock health where necessary. My results provide insight into the complexity of migratory strategies
exhibited by charr species and the opportunities in management of charr recreational fisheries.


identifier: Gale, Katherine Sarah Petra <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Gale=3AKatherine_Sarah_Petra=3A=3A.html>   (2013) Ecology of deep-sea Asteroidea from Atlantic Canada.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Sea stars (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) from shallow-water habitats worldwide are known to influence local biodiversity and community structure through their feeding behaviours. Deep-sea (> 200 m) asteroids may have similar ecological roles, but there is little information available for most species. To better understand the roles of asteroids in communities on continental margins, I investigated the diets, distributions, habitat use, and species associations of about 30 subtidal and bathyal asteroid species from 37–2243 m off Newfoundland and Labrador (NL), Canada. Stomach content analysis, stable isotope analysis, and live animal observations of seven bathyal species revealed asteroids to be either top predators of megafauna or secondary consumers (mud ingesters, infaunal predators, suspension feeders). Two of the predatory species consume corals and sponges, whereas the other species feed mainly on crustaceans, molluscs, and organic matter in sediment. Using a data set covering ~600,000 km2 and including over 350,000 individual asteroid records, I found most species to have wide depth ranges spanning > 1000 m. Using cluster analysis, I identified three different asteroid assemblages over the study area, including the Grand Banks, the Laurentian Channel, and the north-eastern Newfoundland shelf and slope. Multivariate analyses revealed asteroids associate with corals, sponges, bivalves, and other echinoderms, and that depth and local substrate influence assemblages. Most asteroids were found on silt or mud, while a few occurred mainly on hard substrates. This analysis contributes to the growing knowledge of benthic invertebrates in NL waters, providing baseline distribution and ecological information for many poorly-known bathyal asteroid species, and indicating that the feeding behaviours of some asteroids may affect deep-sea benthic communities.


identifier: Franke, Doreen <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Franke=3ADoreen=3A=3A.html>   (2013) Microbial and photochemical cycling of dissolved organic matter in boreal headwater streams.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a key global energy source and carbon reservoir that links terrestrial and aquatic biogeochemical cycling. Allochthonous organic matter is
abundant in boreal headwater streams, and environmental changes such as variation in nutrient availability and changes to watershed landscape composition have great potential for altering the DOM source, its composition and cycling. This dissertation focuses on two of the main drivers of aquatic carbon and nutrient cycling: the photochemical and the microbial processing of DOM in boreal headwater streams; specifically (i) how the photochemical
lability of DOM varies between reaches within headwater streams, among headwater streams and an associated large river reach, (ii) how stream biofilm mineralization may be
regulated by watershed organic matter source and composition, increased labile carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus availability, and (iii) whether algal carbon sources are important to supporting stream biofilms and if such sources influence the use of allochthonous DOM in
nutrient-enriched streams. The results suggest changes in landscape and nutrient availability have the potential to alter the photochemical and biogeochemical cycling of DOM. DOM photolability was increased upstream relative to downstream and the river DOM. This may be due to differences in DOM source and composition, and suggests losses in photolabile DOM downstream and in the lower reaches of the watershed. The phototransformation of DOM into low molecular weight compounds and nutrients such as ammonium is likely
relevant to the carbon and nutrient cycling in boreal watersheds. Results here further suggest that boreal stream biofilm mineralization of DOM is regulated by watershed DOM
source and composition. Labile carbon sources, such as algal inputs, may also play an important role in regulating DOM mineralization and the processing of nutrients by these biofilms. In nutrient-impacted streams, where primary production is high relative to nutrientpoor streams, biofilms may be stimulated to incorporate algal carbon sources. Yet in the boreal streams studied here, added labile carbon rarely enhanced the mineralization of extant stream DOM suggesting autotrophic-heterotrophic interactions represent a more important priming effect relative to changing DOM source in boreal streams.


identifier: Hall, Pam <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Hall=3APam=3A=3A.html>   (2013) Recruiting the visual: knowing our commonplace towards an encyclopedia of local knowledge.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This is a multi-vocal document. It knits together theory and practice, multiple disciplinary traditions and vocabularies, and diverse manifestations of human knowledge – knowledge that lives in bodies and places as well as in books and libraries, in memories and in minds. While it remains far from presenting Foucault’s “adequate means for thinking about everything that is happening”, it does offer an argument for broader, more diverse “means” for thinking about things. The knowledges it contains emerge from diverse practices of knowing in a variety of locations – rural, urban, traditional, contemporary, visual, spatial, textual, formal and informal. Here, readers will find conversation between disciplinary thinkers within the Western intellectual tradition and knowers and doers speaking from the rural, vernacular and artisanal knowledge practices of everyday community life in western Newfoundland.


identifier: Langlois, Patricia Pryde <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Langlois=3APatricia_Pryde=3A=3A.html>   (1996) Incest, sexuality and Catholic family culture.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Much scholarly activity has centred around sexual abuse of children perpetrated by Catholic clergy. However, comparatively little work has focused on sexual abuse of children within Catholic family contexts. This thesis explores the social construction of sexuality and gender relations within Catholic families in which incest has occurred. Particular attention is paid to: first, the significance of the gendered division of labour endorsed by Catholic ideology; second, Catholic ideology's rigid regulation of sexuality; and third, the importance of Catholic identity in the construction of gender and sexual identities. --  The theoretical framework assumes that women's experiences of oppression within a dominant patriarchal order provide an epistemically advantageous starting point for sociological research. Starting from the standpoint of women incest survivors, the thesis tracks the "points of rupture" along an emergent "line of fault" between Catholic ideology and the women's actual experiences within Catholic families (Smith, 1987; 1990). -- A feminist, qualitative, participatory action methodology is employed. The methods include a process of multiple, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions designed to encourage interaction and feedback among the participants and researcher, and textual analysis of official writings on Catholic marriage, family life and sexuality. -- Study findings suggest that a variety of practices reinforced Catholic family and sexual ideology. A gendered division of labour in families contributed to the disempowerment of women and children. Shame about sexuality, combined with the silence about and fear of sexuality in these families, contributed to the onset and continuation of incest. The thesis concludes by drawing upon the incest survivors' reconstructed gender, sexual and, in some cases, Catholic identities to generate a vision of gender and sexual relations which are more empowering for women and children.


identifier: Lingard, Tammie Diane <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Lingard=3ATammie_Diane=3A=3A.html>   (1995) La traduction assistee par ordinateur (TAO) a Grenoble.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Au cours de cette étude, ayant indiqué les grandes lignes des recherches préliminaires, nous nous attacherons aux idées directrices des Grenoblois. -- Dans les années soixant, le Centre d’Études pour la Traduction Automatique (CETA) a constuit un système de TAO russe-français, fondé dur le passage par langage pivot hybride, de qualité suffisante pour permettre à un spécialiste de comprendre des textes russes scintifiques. -- En 1970 le Groupe Étude pour la Traduction Automatique (GETA) a élaboré un système fournissant des traductions brutes qui puissant être révisée rapidement. Le générateur de systems développé, ARIANE-78, permet d’écrire des maquettes multilingues. -- Dans les années quatre-vingt le GETA contribute vivement à des transferts de technologie vers l’industrie. En 1982, ARINE-78 a été choisi pour la mise en oeuvre d’un prototype industriel dans le cadre du Projet National de TAO. ARIANE a contribué également à la définition de l’architecture du projet EUROTRA. -- Le système ARIANE-78, remanié et étendu, a donné naissance à l’actuel ARIANE-G5. Pourtant, des fiablesses ont été détectées: ces sysèmes ne sont réellement efficacies que pour de gros flux de textes homogènes et seulement s’ils sont maintenus et développés par des équipes d’une même organisation. -- Depuis 1989, des recherches en TAO du réviseur se poursuivent, mais l’orientation principale reste la TAO du rédacteur. Les recherches sont surtout axées sur une traduction de type personnelle. Le but principal du projet LIDIA ets de mettre la TAO à la portée des rédacteurs (monolingues) de documentation technique. Une maquette limitée permet de simuler les fonctionnalités de traduction du poste de travail du rédacteur et traite de documentations multilingues hétérogènes. C’est l’équipe du projet NADIA qui cherche par la suite à formaliser et à implementer des bases lexicales multilingues. -- Le GETA se limite à la maintenance d’ARIANE-G5. Le système est employè par le projet LIDIA, par des partenaires industrielles, et dans le cadre du projet EUROLANG. L’èquipe poursuit sa collaboration avec des partenaires commerciaux europèens afin de crèer une “trousse à outils” pour la TAO. -- Pendant la période 1993-1995 les chercheurs comptent developer la maquette LIDIA-1 et réaliser des outils permettant le passage entre NADIA et les sources lexicales accessibles.


identifier: Pittman, Karen Dale <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Pittman=3AKaren_Dale=3A=3A.html>   (1994) L'echec du reve d'un monde ideal : le narcissisme de l'auteur reflete dans les personnages de La Nouvelle Heloise.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Dans ses Confessions Jean-Jacques Rousseau affirme que son unique roman La Nouvelle Héloïse a d’abord été concu comme une compensation des insuffisances de la vie réelle. Né de la soif d’amour et d’amitié, et du désir ardent d’appartenir à une petite société intime, le roman est l’expresssion de sa conception d’un monde idéal. L’auteur croit réussir à y peindre le tableau d’une société parfait, peuplée d’amis fidèles et vertueux. L’objet de ce mémoire ets de démontrer que, contrairement à cause de son incapacité d’échapper à sa proper personnalité. -- Notre étude des relations sociales de Rousseau jusqu’ à la publication de son roman confirme qu’il éprouvait réellment de la difficulté à maintenir des relations satisfaisantes et permenentes avec autrui. A travers ses diverses oeuvres autobiographiques, notre auteur tente de se disculper de toute responsabilité de son incompatibilité avec ses prochains; il s’y peint comme la civtime innocente et méconnue d’une société contraignante et dépourvue de sincérité qui cherche à le subjuguer. -- Cependant, une analyse des rapports de Rousseu avec Madame de Warens, Madame d’Epinay et les Luxembourg, quelquesuns de ses meilleurs amis, révèle que son alienation et en grande partie le résultat de son proper narcissisme.Il profite sans scrupules des services de ses amis bienfaiteurs, mais se montre peu enclin à leur générosité. Son caractère exigeant et égoïste l’empêche d’être jamais satisfait des attentions de ses amis et en même temps le rend in sensible à leurs besoins et à leurs peines. Méfiant, soupçonneux et d’humeur inégale, il réussit toujours à repousser même ses amis let plus zélés. -- Ce narcissisme se manifeste également à travers son oeuvre Romanesque où les personnages principaux montrent les mêmes caractéristiques égoïstes que leur créateur. Leur conduit diffère à peine de celle de Jean-Jacques Rousseau dan la vie réelle. En consequence, le modèle de la vie idéale que nous propose notre auteur dans son roman about it en échec.


identifier: Pentz, Benjamin C. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Pentz=3ABenjamin_C=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2008) A river runs through it: an archaeological survey of the Upper Mersey River and Allains River in southwest Nova Scotia.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: New archaeological evidence from the Mersey and Allains Rivers in southwest Nova Scotia has enabled historic use of this traditional Mi'kmaq canoe-route to be extended back into the pre-Contact Period. The 2006 Upper Mersey/Allains River Corridor Archaeological Survey has bridged a gap in the archaeological record by building on previous investigations from the southern half of the Mersey River, and limited work on the Allains River. A continuous line of pre-Contact sites now extends through the interior of southwest Nova Scotia, linking the Bay of Fundy and the Atlantic coast. The association of these sites with modern portage trails and the presence of imported Bay of Fundy lithics across the route confirm these waterways formed a travel corridor during the Middle-Late Woodland Period (ca 2,000-450 BP). Additional evidence also indicates most of the route has been used for at least 5,000 years. The results of this survey have provided the basis for more wide  ranging discussions of land-use and seasonal settlement patterns of the Mi'kmaq and their ancestors in the region.


identifier: Dillon, Leo J. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Dillon=3ALeo_J=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1983) Black Diamond Bay : a rural community in Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Black Diamond Bay, a rural community in Newfoundland, was found to have undergone a number of very fundamental changes, primarily within a period of approximately twenty years.  In the place, there was a shift from a generalized, largely subsistence-oriented adaptation to a dependency upon wage labour.  Accompanying this change in the organization of labour there has been a general easing of the traditional isolation of the community through an upgraded infrastructure, particularly paved roads, and through the introduction of readily accessible mass media, especially radio and television.  One of the most apparent outcomes of these changes has been the emergence and a development of a regional identity and a corresponding reduction in the importance of community identity. -- Another important impact of the recent material changes which have affected the community has been the creation of what may be referred to as a "generation gap."  This "gap" is acknowledged by residents of the community and is a frequent subject for their speculation.  Upon closer examination, however, it was found that the "gap" seemed to actually represent the expression of traditional values a new idiom derived from the implements and symbols of mainstream North American culture. -- The traditional values were found to form a complex centering upon the male peer groups which cross-cut ties created by the formal kinship system.  The values themselves largely emphasized equality and personal worth and served to sanction behaviour which denied, or threatened  to deny, the important cultural emphasis on egalitarianism. -- It was further argued that egalitarianism, as a cultural ideal, seemed to operate in a dialectical manner with the tendency toward stratification inherent in the community's embeddedness in the wider society.  It appeared to be a means by which a small, face-to-face community attempts to disrupt, or to render impotent, the divisiveness of stratification.  It creates a local-level moral community and demands subscription to it. -- Prognosis for the continued adaptation of the traditional value system is not good.  The increasing tendency toward stratification and the decreasing importance of relationships on the community level seems to indicate movement toward a larger scale, differently organized, regional form of social organization.


identifier: Buchner, Anthony P. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Buchner=3AAnthony_P=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1976) Cultural dynamics in the grassland-boreal-deciduous transitional zone of southeastern Manitoba : 1000 B.C. to A.D. 1000.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Artifactual material from the multi-component Bjorklund Site  is described and discussed. It is determined that the Laurel  Phase represents the movement into southeastern Manitoba of a new group of people as the Laurel assemblage is discontinuous with that of the resident late Archaic Larter or Pelican Lake Phase. The subsequent Late Woodland Manitoba or Blackduck and Selkirk Phases are seen as providing evidence of cultural continuity from the Middle Woodland Period to the Historic Period in southeastern Manitoba. -- The Larter or Pelican Lake Phase is compared to the neighbouring and roughly contemporaneous Lake Forest Archaic  (incorporating Old Copper, Glacial Kame, Red Ochre and Laurentian) and the Shield Archaic tradition of the Boreal Forest region. It is concluded that the greatest degree of cultural interaction is evidenced in Archaic components of the Canadian Shield which may be traced to plains-adapted peoples of the Larter Phase and the woodland-adapted peoples  of the Lake Forest region. It is further suggested that the Shield Archaic as presented by Wright (1972b) does not merit  tradition status and is not a useful theoretical construct. -- The Laurel Culture as a member of a broader Lake Forest Middle Woodland configuration, is seen as an evolutionary development from a Lake Forest Archaic cultural base with the introduction of ceramics from an external source. The Lake Forest Archaic ancestry from Laurel is supported by the  available radiocarbon dates, ceramic correspondences throughout the Lake Forest, adaptation to a similar environment, similar subsistence base and the high degree of  correspondence in the artifactual trait lists of the two cultures. Much of the Laurel ceramic material beyond the borders of the Lake Forest zone is thus considered indicative of an expansion of Laurel peoples who either left  the Lake Forest permanently or on a seasonal basis to exploit the resources of the neighbouring ecological zones. The displacement of Larter peoples by those of the Laurel Culture is considered to have been successful primarily because of the greater diversification and hence efficiency of environmental exploitation by the latter group. An additional and perhaps deciding factor may have been the onset of a major climatic episode during the period of Laurel cultural development. The Sub-Atlantic is associated with a southerly and westerly advance of the Boreal Forest. This would have resulted in a depresssion of the Parkland edge in southeastern Manitoba, thus causing the wintering grounds of the bison to lie west of their earlier location. Larter peoples, who depended almost exclusively upon bison for food would have found the area less favourable and this 'new' ecological niche was rapidly filled by people of eastern derivation with a diffuse economic base aptly suited  to changing environmental situations and transitional ecological zones. -- The study concludes with a brief discussion of the relationship between Laurel and Blackduck populations and the problems involved in the ethnic identification of the prehistoric populations of southeastern Manitoba.


identifier: Cohen, Zelda Ruth <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Cohen=3AZelda_Ruth=3A=3A.html>   (1980) Playing for privilege : an ethnography of play in a summer camp.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The primary purpose of this thesis is to elucidate the ways in which play is utilized by young people to manipulate and alter social structures. -- Fieldwork for this study was conducted in a summer camp in the Haliburton Highlands region of Ontario during the summer of 1979.  The camp accepted campers between the ages of approximately 6 and 17, while the counsellors' ages ranged from 16 to 23 years.  Research was focused specifically upon the play of two age groups within the camp, the intermediate girls (aged 10 to 14 years) and the senior campers (aged 15 to 17 years). -- The camp was structured in the form of an egalitarian community.  No camper received extra privileges and all campers were treated similarly regardless of their age.  Counsellors, by virtue of their position in the camp, enjoyed a number of rights and privileges which were withheld from campers. -- Various forms of conflict arose between senior campers and counsellors, resulting from the fact that these campers were often the same age or older than the staff members.  The counsellors' freedom to regulate their own hours and to smoke were perhaps the most pronounced causes of conflict.  When campers endeavoured to share these privileges it was often their age mates on staff who attempted to enforce the camp rules and stop campers from enjoying these restricted privileges.  Senior campers dealt with these restrictions by creating their own 'private' areas on the camp grounds.  During daily free time activities, as well as each night, campers would move into the 'bush', in groups or alone, to free themselves from their counsellors' almost constant supervision.  The privacy the bush afforded these campers gave them the opportunity to, for example, smoke and/or be with members of the opposite sex.  At the same time as the campers were enjoying these 'illicit' privileges, the free time of staff members was interrupted, since they would have to search for the missing campers.  In this way senior campers could not only enjoy the same privileges as their age mates on staff, but also interrupt the staff members' free time activities.  Hence, campers, by forcing counsellors into nightly games of 'hide and seek', could invert the camp's power structure, taking rights for themselves while removing them from staff members, and thereby momentarily exert control over the counsellors and the camp. -- The intermediate girls did not share the senior campers' above-mentioned problems.  For this group, the egalitarian nature of the camp, which demanded that they share their friendship equally with all their cabin mates, was a problem.  Although strong cliques formed within cabin groups, counsellors attempted to maintain equality among all their campers.  During periods of free play however, clique members were able to emphasize their popularity and camaraderie by supporting each other and ostracizing non-members.  In this way clique members could reinforce and emphasize their self-images as popular and powerful individuals by forcing outsiders into a position of unpopularity and powerlessness. -- Although the senior campers and the intermediate girls were contesting for different types of power and/or recognition, both groups used play as the arena for the contest.  Both groups also required the presence and/or participation of non-members in order for their messages to be communicated.  In this way much of the play of the intermediate and senior campers was concerned with 'presenting’ their ideas to an audience. -- In sum, the present study supports the contention that play can be utilized to alter social systems (Sutton-Smith 1972:17; Turner 1974).  This study also illustrates that the potential freedoms inherent in play are as available to young people as they are to adults, suggesting therefore, that young people have the capacity to recognize and alter binding social structures.


identifier: Simpson, David N. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Simpson=3ADavid_N=2E=3A=3A.html>   (1986) Prehistoric archaeology of the Port au Port Peninsula, western Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This work presents the results of an archaeological survey of the Port au Port Peninsula which recovered evidence of: the Dorset, or Late Palaeo-Eskimo tradition (1300+/-80 B.P., Beta 7779 and 1350+/-60 B.P., Beta 7778), the Little Passage (790+/-70 B.P., Beta 7777), and Beaches complexes of the Recent Indian period, as well as two non-specific Palaeo-Eskimo occupations. Faunal remains indicate the season of occupation of the Port au Port site to be summer and possibly mid-winter for the Dorset, and summer, possibly extending through any of the other seasons for the Little Passage. The Dorset presence at the inland Long Pond site suggests that the Dorset seasonal round included spring of fall excursions into the interior. A paucity of data from the earlier periods is attributed to coastal flooding due to post-glacial sea level fluctuations. -- A preliminary lithic source analysis indicates that the Little Passage populations utilized locally available chert resources, while the Dorset obtained flakable lithic materials from a variety of more distant sources. Regional variation in the style of Dorset end blades across Newfoundland is argued to be partly a function of differences in the quality of chert between regions. The greater extent to which end blades of finer chert would be reduced by resharpening (tip-fluting) is proposed as the mechanism to explain the differences. Variability in the Dorset expanding flake end scrapers from the Port au Port site is considered to relate to several factors: the reduction in size and change in shape of a tool through its period of functional utility as a result of resharpening, and hafting requirements.


identifier: Sawicki, Anna Irena <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Sawicki=3AAnna_Irena=3A=3A.html>   (1983) Palaeo-Eskimo occupations in Bonavista Bay, Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The first indication that an early Palaeo-Eskimo occupation was present in Bonavista Bay came from excavations at The Beaches site in the early 1970's.  However, its relationship to the Middle Dorset occupation and its chronological significance were unclear. -- The primary goals of this study are to identify and examine the Palaeo-Eskimo, manifestations in Bonavista Bay and to determine if the differences between them - in technology, time and use of raw materials - suggest distinctly different occupations.  In order to achieve these goals, a detailed comparison of artifact attributes, tool categories, utilization of raw materials and available radiocarbon results from eight Bonavista Bay sites is presented.  Comparisons are also made with dated Palaeo-Eskimo occupations in other areas of Newfoundland and Labrador. -- Based on the results of the analysis, the Palaeo-Eskimo occupations are identified as the Groswater and Middle Dorset phases of two temporally and technologically distinct traditions:  Early and Late Palaeo-Eskimo.  Furthermore, there clearly exists a cultural relationship between the Bonavista Bay Groswater and Middle Dorset phases and similar complexes throughout Newfoundland and Labrador.