identifier: Lister, Christopher J. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Lister=3AChristopher_J=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Compositional trends through the Holocene mud succession of the southwestern Black Sea shelf, and implications for sedimentary provenance and water-level history.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
Piston core MAR02–45P and its trigger weight core (MAR02–45TWC) record sedimentation over the last 10.3 cal ka on the SW Black Sea shelf with only one hiatus (from 5.4–2.1 cal ka BP). Geochemical and mineralogical studies were undertaken on the fine fraction of these sediments in an attempt to better define lithologic units, and to search for evidence of changing provenance. Isopach maps were used to estimate the volume of sediments deposited on the shelf. This estimate of sediment volume was compared to expected deliverable volumes from local rivers, as calculated using a robust empirical equation for sediment flux, available from the literature.
Four geochemical units (Units A, B, C1, C2) were identified, in agreement with previous studies. Correlation tables expose four groups of similarly behaving elements that govern the geochemical trends throughout MAR02–45. There is carbonate group composed of Ca, Mg, and Sr, and a mainly detrital group believed to reside in aluminosilicate minerals composed of Sc, Fe, Co, Ce, La, Th and Y. In contrast, As, Rb, Br, Mn and Sr are interpreted to have entered the sediment from the water column, or were mobile during early diagenesis and Cu, Pb, Ni, Zn, U and V are interpreted to indicate adsorption onto fine-grained phyllosilicates and/or organic matter during early diagenesis. A ~45 cm upward adjustment in the placement of the previously recognized α1 key seismic marker in the core is suggested by the new geochemical data.
Unit C1 (10.3–8.4 cal ka BP) contains some detritus from local sources, especially marked by spikes in Cr abundance associated with sandy horizons. Unit C2 (8.4–7.5 cal ka BP) contains the familiar signatures of Unit C1 as well as a high TS concentration. This unit preserves the geochemical signature of a previously identified ‘first-pulse’ of Mediterranean water entering the Early Holocene Black Sea. Unit B (7.5–5.4 cal ka BP) records a well-oxygenated environment with abundant mollusk communities and infaunal burrows. Unit A (2.1–0 cal ka BP) chronicles the dysoxic conditions that continue to the present, and has higher than average abundances of the redox-sensitive elements Cu, Ni, Zn, Pb, U, and Th.
Grain size analysis on nearby core MAR05–50 shows a bimodal texture similar to that of loess found within the Danube drainage basin. Geochemical comparisons between two loess profiles and core MAR02–45 show similar abundances for only one element.
Mineralogically, Units A, B, and C are similar to one another except for a downcore increase in the abundance of calcite, some of which is likely detrital. Although specific sediment sources (provenance) could not be determined, it is concluded that the volume of sediment deposited in Unit C is too large to have been delivered from only local sources, indicating that the SW Black Sea shelf must have been in open communication with the larger Black Sea basin since ~10.3 cal ka BP. The geochemical and mineralogical data are consistent with this conclusion, although they cannot be used to quantify the contribution from the various potential sources in the western Black Sea.


identifier: Mursalin, A.F.M. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Mursalin=3AA=2EF=2EM=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2014) A novel approach for fault detection in bearings of rotary machineries at variable load conditions.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

type: Thesis NonPeerReviewed

abstract:
This thesis proposes a novel approach for machine fault detection from vibration data
collected at variable load conditions of a system. Although load variation is a common
phenomena in real industry, most of the traditional fault detection techniques fails to
take this load variability into account while analyzing vibration data. Plant loads and machine
rpm change have a significant influence on the vibration data and to address this
fact accurately, amultivariate technique combiningMultiscale PCA (MSPCA) andMultiway
PCA (MPCA) is presented here. The methodology takes the powerful data signature
extraction feature of Wavelet Transform (WT) and strong fault detection ability of PCA
and integrate them with the multiple conditions monitoring ability of MPCA. Another
significant feature of this proposed multiscale MPCA technique is that it combines the
process variables with the vibration analysis. An advanced simulation system of bearing
fault at variable loads is presented and the methodology is used on the acquired
simulated data. The results are presented along with a comparison with a conventional
technique. The efficacy of the proposed methodology is demonstrated on a DC motor
experimental setup.


identifier: Gryshchenko, Andriy O. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Gryshchenko=3A_Andriy_O=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Development and evaluation of novel molecularly imprinted thin-films for phenol and application of direct spectroscopic detection for petrogenic contaminants adsorbed to molecularly imprinted films.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Phenol and alkylphenols are priority water pollutants from oil extraction, pyrolysis, and industry. The adsorption of phenols is required for the separations in analytical chemistry and industry. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are novel adsorbents with the template shaped binding sites. A MIP has to be prepared in film format to be combined with an analytical technique to accomplish rapid and direct detection of phenols and other water pollutants. Films from MIP particles and monolithic films, having 20 and 100 μm thicknesses and bound to a glass slide, were fabricated by UV-initiated radical polymerization between two inert surfaces. The morphology, thickness, and porosity of MIP films were studied by scanning electron microscopy and gravimetric analysis. Porosity was rendered using alcohol-water mixtures as a solvent and, in some instances, polyethyleneglycol and polyvinylacetate as solvent modifiers. Many MIPs for phenol were synthesized through non-covalent imprinting by hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. The MIP components included functional monomer (itaconic acid, 4-vinylpyridine, and styrene) and solvent, cross-linker (ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, divinylbenzene, pentaerythritol triacrylate—PETA), and template (phenol, xylene). The binding and imprinting properties of the MIPs were assessed based on adsorption capacities and cross-binding towards other phenolics and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). A MIP with increased styrene content and xylene along with a copolymer of divinylbenzene and PETA, both acting by hydrophobic interactions, can be recommended for practical applications. The higher content of styrene and/or more hydrophobic monomers such as divinylbenzene increased the binding capacity. The hydrophilicity of PETA rendered water compatibility to the films. The modest imprinting effect is attributed to a tight polymer network formed with PETA as well as xylene as a hydrophobic template. Alcohol-water mixtures promoted the imprinting by hydrophobic interactions and, concurrently, lead to homogeneous, porous, and rigid morphology of the films. Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy with silver nanoparticles, and fluorimetry, were unsuccessfully attempted for the direct detection of phenol on MIP films because of the low sensitivity and MIP background issues. The direct fluorimetric detection of light PAHs, as another group of pollutants from oil, was showen to be sensitive and selective, when front-face illumination geometry, 100 μm thick films, and synchronous scanning were used.


identifier: Copp, Corrina J. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Copp=3ACorrina_J=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2014) The development of protocols to restore the globally at-risk limestone barrens ecosystem.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
Restoring ecosystems and habitats in human-altered landscapes is challenging where reference sites to guide restoration can be limited or absent. The current shift in restoration theory to a dynamic reference alleviates some of this concern, acknowledging systems are not static. However, historical references are still useful as restoration targets when relatively intact. I applied this principle here, focusing on the limestone barrens of Newfoundland (Canada), an ecosystem that represents a biodiversity hotspot and hosts endemic plant species, e.g. the endangered Braya longii; human activities have degraded its critical habitat.
Historical aerial photographs were used to depict landscape topography prior to substrate removal, and identify intact reference sites. Identified reference sites were characterized in terms of substrate, nutrient and vegetation composition, and topography through field observations and measurements. To test protocols to restore the complex small-scale disturbance regime, substrate manipulation experiments were constructed and monitored for frost heave and cycles. Experiments were also seeded with native flora, including B. longii to determine an effective means of re-introduction following restoration.
Limestone barrens occur sparsely on the landscape atop ancient beach ridges. Low potential habitat (10%) was observed at the study site in 1948, of which slightly less than half was degraded by quarry activity and road construction by 1995. Remnant high quality habitat identified in aerial photos and described through field surveys is characterized by frost heave and sorting, high silt/clay and bare ground cover, and low organic content. Degraded sites and overburden material differed from the reference iii
site in terms of vegetation, substrate and nutrient composition. In addition, substrate treatments to restore small-scale disturbance that lacked added overburden material demonstrated similarities to the reference site in terms of the average number of frost cycles and duration suggesting partial recovery of cold-soil processes. The seeding experiments with native flora, including the endangered endemic B. longii, resulted in low percent emergence. However, more seeds are expected to germinate in subsequent years given germination syndromes.
This thesis emphasizes the need for human intervention, rather than a non-intervention expecting regeneration given the absence of vegetative and natural disturbance recovery towards limestone barrens. It also recommends that overburden material not be used to restore soil and substrate as it will hinder progression along the target limestone barrens trajectory. Overall, the recommendations provide a baseline methodology to restore limestone barrens habitat in degraded quarry sites, addressing the Federal Recovery Strategy’s target to expand and restore critical habitat, natural freeze-thaw disturbance, and B. longii within its historical range.


identifier: Manuel, Mike <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Manuel=3AMike=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Ship structure subjected to extreme ice loading: full scale laboratory experiments used to validate numerical analysis.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
As the amount of activity in the Arctic increases, the response of ship structures to ice loading is becoming ever more important. Plastic limit states design is utilized for the design of ship structures for ice conditions. This thesis includes the discussion of full-scale laboratory experiments involving ice-structure interaction. Stiffened panels representative of full-scale polar ship structure are loaded with laboratory-grown ice blocks quasi-statically to extreme load levels. These experiments are unique in scale for a laboratory environment.
Finite element analysis of the laboratory experiments is performed, and high fidelity is achieved. The close match between real-life results and finite element simulation validates the methods used in this thesis.
Using the laboratory experiments as validation, the plastic response of polar class ship structure along the midbody ice belt of a longitudinally framed, PC7, 12,000 tonne ship is evaluated using finite element analysis. Different stiffener cross-section types are evaluated, including T-section, L-section, bulb flat, and flat bar-section. Full discussion of the results is included.


identifier: Cranford, Scott <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Cranford=3AScott=3A=3A.html>   (2014) 2-D inversions of gravity data for multi-sided polygons using particle swarm optimization.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Since its introduction in 1995 particle swarm optimization (PSO) has been an area of great interest for many optimization problems, including geophysical inversions, as it does not use gradient information to find solutions. PSO is a global searching method, which, in principle, should avoid local minima, and find the global minima. PSO operates by moving a group of particles around the search space according to a simple mathematical formula which is dependent on particle positions and velocities. The particles movements are influenced by their own best known positions, pbest, and the overall best known position, gbest, which is updated each iteration. This thesis presents a method for inverting 2-D geophysical data using multisided polygons and PSO which has never been investigated in the literature. The first implementation of the algorithm presented below was designed to minimize several standard benchmark functions. The second implementation augmented the existing algorithm by including a forward modeling method, and model parameterization to invert 2-D gravity data. Investigations were then carried out to discover more robust methods of parameterization and constraint handling methods because unconstrained inversions tend to turn themselves inside-out, i.e., become infeasible or geologically implausible. A penalty function was found to be the best solution for constraint handling, with an appropriate penalty value. The algorithm was tested with ten-sided models and noisy data, and returned excellent inversion results for all obstacles presented to it.


identifier: Kim, Hyunmin <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Kim=3AHyunmin=3A=3A.html>   (2014) An experimental study of the design and overload capacity of structural grillages subjected to ice loads.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
It is well known that the design limit states for plating and framing of Polar Class ships are based on simplified plastic collapse mechanisms which ignore the beneficial effect of membrane stress and strain hardening; therefore, real structure will have a substantial reserve capacity beyond the design point. However, it is challenging to quantitatively estimate the level of the reserve capacity.
Significant research efforts have been carried out to further understand the interaction between ice and ship structures. However, most experimental studies of structural response have used steel plates or rigid indenters for ice loading rather than real ice. Similarly most ice crushing tests use rigid indenters to crush ice as opposed to compliant structures. However, while the results of previous experiments and simulations well present post-yield behavior of the grillage with rigid indenter, there was no insight in terms of the interaction between ice and ship structures.
In this study, laboratory grown conical shaped ice samples (1 m diameter) were used to load structural grillages, typical of a transversely framed 10,000 ton Ice Class PC6 midbody ice belt arrangement, well beyond its yield point and design point. This allowed for investigation into structural deformation considering the failure of ice. Two large grillages (named #1 and #2 respectively) were tested with ice specimens in a quasi-static condition (0.5 mm per second). The tests on Grillage #1 were performed in two load steps at identical loading positions in the midspan of the central stiffener and aimed at studying the ultimate load-carrying capacity of the grillage. The tests on Grillage #2 were carried out in three load steps at different loading positions along the span of the central stiffener; right off-centre (330 mm away from the centre), centre, and left off-centre (330 mm away from the centre). The varying locations of Grillage #2 tests were intended to investigate the effect of damage at nearby locations on capacity of the structure.
These experiments suggest that local deformations of up to 11 % of the frame span and prior deformations nearby loading locations will not compromise the overall strength of the ship.
A finite element (FE) model was developed to analyze the experiments numerically. The load-deflection curves and deformation shapes measured by the MicroScribe® were used to validate the numerical results. The FE analysis results show strong agreement with the physical experiments and demonstrate that FE model can be used for analysis of an ice-strengthened ship structures subjected to extreme ice loading.
This thesis describes the procedure of the large grillage tests, discusses the results and pressure-area relationships, and compares against non-linear finite element analysis in conjunction with load-deflection curves and deformed shapes of the grillage. Each chapter presents several plots of data obtained from the experiments and uses photos to support the discussion of the results.


identifier: Que, Hua <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Que=3AHua=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Post-graduation settlement choices of international graduate students attending Memorial University of Newfoundland: a mixed methods study.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: International students, as an ideal source of skilled workers, are vital to the development of Newfoundland and Labrador. This study aimed to investigate the trend in these students’ post-graduation settlement plan, as well as the factors in their settlement decision. The findings of the study reveal that some aspects of life in Newfoundland and Labrador appeal to international students, including closeness to nature, clean atmosphere, and a gentle pace of life. Though they extol the advantages of living in Newfoundland and Labrador, few of them decide to settle permanently here. Other factors such as the lack of meaningful connections, the lack of supports for accompanying spouses of international students, the lack of career opportunities in sectors other than oil and gas, and the lack of city amenities may push them to leave. Therefore, general policies are needed to improve these areas in order to make Newfoundland and Labrador more attractive to international students.


identifier: Canning, Heather S. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Canning=3AHeather_S=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Streamlining the narrative elaboration technique: helping young children become better eyewitnesses.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
The Narrative Elaboration Technique (NET) is a forensic interview technique that has
been shown to increase the amount of information provided by children in open-ended
recall. Efforts have been made to streamline the technique for use in real-world settings.
The present study examined the effectiveness of two streamlined NET interviews with
three to seven year old children. It is the first study to completely omit the NET training
session, without substituting a rapport building session, and to test the effectiveness of
NET verbal prompts with children younger than six years old. Although NET was not
found to be effective at increasing open-ended recall with the younger children in the
sample, the streamlined NET interview with verbal prompts proved to be as effective as
the full NET interview with five to seven year old children. These verbal prompts could
be readily incorporated into forensic interviews.


identifier: Kim, Hyunwook <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Kim=3AHyunwook=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Ice crushing pressure on non-planar surface.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
The objective of this study is to investigate ice-structure interaction and develop a numerical model to predict the changes of ice loads and pressure during ice-structure interaction on non-planar surfaces.
It is important to understand the sequential ice pressure and load development during ice-structure interaction. This is particularly true for non-planar surfaces as most ships and many offshore structures are composed of near-flat panels that may be dented as part of in-service loading leading to panels that are concave. An important question is whether these concave surfaces act as load-increasers for subsequent ice interaction. Most laboratory and field trial tests have been performed based on the assumption that the structural shape is flat. Therefore, little information is available for cases where the structure is concave due to plastic deformation, or specific areas with intentional structural concave shapes.
In support of this objective, a series of laboratory-scale ice crushing tests were performed. Force, time and displacement data were measured. It was observed that ice crushing on concave shape indenters induced higher ice loads and pressure magnitudes compared to flat indenters. As part of the experimental program, techniques to use pressure measurement film were adopted to obtain ice-structure contact location, actual contact area, and changes of magnitude of pressure within the contact region. Following the experimental program a numerical model of ice crushing for concave surfaces was developed. In order to achieve valid numerical simulation results, a crushable foam model was modified by adding failure criteria. This followed the effect of indenter shape, level of confinement, test speed and cone angle to be evaluated in the numerical model and compared with the experimental results.
The numerical model is shown to be valid for the flat indenter cases and the wedge and conical-shaped indenter cases. The findings from this study show that the shape of the indenting surfaces does influence ice forces and pressure and that generally, concave indentation surfaces lead to increases in pressure and force arising from ice crushing. These effects can be qualified globally and locally using the pressure measurement film, and the effects can be modeled numerically. This work demonstrates that the assumption of ice loads associated with flat or convex shapes may lead to under design for concave shapes or may lead to structural overload in cases where structures previously that have been indented.


identifier: Hailat, Iyad Ali <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Hailat=3AIyad_Ali=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Mass spectrometric methods for analysis of sterols and steryl esters in biological samples.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
The composition of free sterols in cultivated blue mussels obtained commercially and from laboratory feeding experiments has been investigated. Total lipids were extracted from mussels using a modified Folch procedure followed by isolation of free sterols using column chromatography. Sterols were identified using GC/MS and quantified using (GC/MS-SIM) and GC/FID. The most abundant free sterols in commercially cultivated mussels were cholesterol, desmosterol, and brassicasterol. Mussels were fed on algae or fish waste for six months. The concentrations of sterols in fish waste-fed mussels were compared with those in algae-fed mussels. However, fish waste-fed mussels had significantly higher cholesterol concentrations compared to algae-fed mussels. Mussels fed algae had significantly higher campesterol compared to fish waste-fed mussels.
Free sterols are neutral molecules that are difficult to ionize by MALDI or ESI. Therefore, in order to increase their ionization efficiency, sterols were converted into their corresponding picolinyl esters, N-methylpyridyl ethers and sulphated esters. Using MALDI-MS, sterol picolinyl esters were identified as [M+Na]⁺, the signal being significantly enhanced after the addition of sodium acetate. Sterol N-methylpyridyl ethers were detected as [M]⁺ while sulphated sterols were detected as [M-H]⁻. The ester bonds of picolinyl and sulphated esters cleaved during MALDI-CID MS/MS resulting in diagnostic fragments at m/z 146 and 97, respectively.
Picolinyl esters of sterols were also analyzed using ESI/APCI-QIT MSn. The Picolinyl esters were detected as [M+H]⁺ in ESI and APCI sources. The ester bonds of picolinyl esters cleaved during CID MS², resulting in diagnostic fragments corresponding to steryl cation moieties [M+H-C6H5NO2]⁺. The CID MS³ of [M+H]⁺ → [M+H-C6H5NO2]⁺ of picolinyl esters was found to be useful for structural elucidation and for distinguishing among steryl isomers.
Steryl esters were identified in margarine and corn using ESI-QIT MSn. Sterols and other lipids extracted from samples using hexane were subjected to solid phase extraction. The steryl ester fraction was eluted with hexane: diethyl ether (98:2, v/v). Fatty acid steryl esters were detected as [M+NH4]⁺ using ammonium acetate as dopant. Steryl esters, including molecular isomers, were identified using ESI-QIT MS². ESI-QIT MS³ was carried out on the intact steryl fragmentation cation. The resulting CID spectra of the steryl cation were found to be unique and similar to those from APCI-QIT MS² CID of free sterol standards.


identifier: Al-Darabsah, Isam <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Al-Darabsah=3AIsam=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Dynamics on a general stage structured n food chains.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
There are many mathematical models to describe the dynamics of plankton community
structure in literature, most of the models are based on the so-called preypredator
model. The purpose of this thesis is to propose a general prey-predator
model with stage structure and a constant maturation time delay with and without
interaction between patches.
First, we begin with the purpose of using delay differential equations in biological
models, like those involving population dynamics, epidemiology, and physiology;
and present a brief history of the delayed prey-predator models. We provide basic
properties of delay differential equations, the Method of Steps to solve them,
Chebotarev-Meimans Method and The D-Subdivision Method to determine the local
stability.
In Chapter (2), we propose a general model with n parallel food chains through the
stage structured maturation time delay, which can cover most of the prey-predator
models in the literature. We discuss some basic dynamical properties of the system
with single or multiple patches and with general or some particular functional
responses, including the existence of equilibrium points and their local and global
stabilities.
Then in Chapter (3), based on the model in (2.2), we include the consideration of migrations between all patches and present a more complex model for the multi-patch
predator-prey interactions. We discuss the existence of equilibrium points and their
local and global stabilities of the system with two patches and some properties of the
general model.
In Chapter (4), we give numerical simulations by choosing some different functions,
parameters and time delay in several examples to illustrate the validity of the
theoretical results given in Chapter (2) and (3).
At last, in Chapter (5), we summarize the results in this thesis, and indicate some
problems for future work.


identifier: McManus, John D. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/McManus=3AJohn_D=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Investigation of the persistence factors and barriers experienced by mid-life learners returning to post-secondary education.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
The world today is one of employability related lifelong learning, hence continually learning a living¹. In the Canadian Province of Ontario, there has been a shift in the economy from a manufacturing base toward various service sectors. Changes in technology, outsourcing of work, and business closures have resulted in an increase demand for further post-secondary education by displaced workers. Workers either are trying to stay relevant through formal learning or are reskilling into new careers. Mature adults, who have been away from the classroom for a long time, often have situational and operative psychological factors that are quite different from younger learners. The purpose of the research, using interpretive qualitative methods, is to explore and examine the motivations and barriers encountered by mid-life learners returning to post-secondary education funded by Ontario’s Second Career Program. As the Second Career Program has only been existence since 2008, there has been virtually no research focused on these mature learners or the success of the program. The knowledge gained would inform mature adults on the challenges inherent in their return to studies after a long absence. Post-secondary institutions may need to address the different needs of the older student with adjustments or additions to their current support systems. This research seeks to identify completion barriers experienced, the persistence factors, and motivational drivers utilized by mature adults in their return to studies. These issues, and revealed subsidiary outcomes, are explored in the context of one post-secondary institution actively recruiting Second Career learners thus experiencing a high intake of those mature adult students.

¹ The term “Learning a Living” may well have been originally coined be University of Toronto professor emeritus Robert K. Logan, Ph.D. in his book The Fifth Language: Learning a Living in the Computer Age. (1997). Toronto: Stoddart Publishing.


identifier: Siromani, Jerome D. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Siromani=3AJerome_D=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2014) The impacts of different stages of chronic kidney disease, as well as the co-morbidities of diabetes and heart disease, on patients' quality of life.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
Background: Health-related Quality of Life (QoL) pertains to how medical conditions affect the lives of people suffering from those respective conditions, and QoL measurements therefore help to define the everyday impacts of the conditions; understanding these impacts can lead to improvements in the healthcare provisions for patients with each condition. There is yet to be a large-sample Study that compares QoL across different stages of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) while (i) utilizing a predominantly North American adult population, and (ii) factoring in commonly-associated co-morbidities (i.e. Diabetes and Heart Disease).

Methods: A Retrolective Cross-sectional Observational Study utilizing historical baseline data from 1135 anonymous adult CKD patients was performed; CKD Stages 3 and 5 were predominant, and every selected patient had answered to a comparable version of the Short Form 36 (SF-36) Health Survey, having had CKD with/without a co-morbidity at baseline. SF-36 Domain and Summary scores
were compared, across the stages of CKD (in terms of medians, as distributions were skewed); similar  comparisons were also performed with co-morbidities and demographic factors as respective grouping variables. Regression models were subsequently built to analyse the associations between relevant SF-36 scores and each of these independent variables – Stage of CKD, Diabetes, Heart Disease, Age, and Gender.

Results: The Physical Component Summary (PCS) score was significantly (p < 0.05) lowest among patients with Stage 5 CKD, while patients with Stage 4 CKD, in turn, exhibited significantly lower PCS scores than patients with Stage 3 CKD; Stage 5 CKD patients - who were all on
Hemodialysis therapy - also scored lowest (significantly) on five of the eight SF-36 Domains. Coexisting Diabetes and Heart Disease were each associated with further significant decreases in the PCS score and three physical health-related Domain scores. Compared to females, males scored significantly higher on the PCS measure and on four Domains. Patients’ Age did not impact QoL, definitively - while the Mental Component Summary (MCS) score and mental health-related Domain scores were seen to gradually but inconsistently increase with Age, physical health-related QoL was generally unaffected by Age. Regression models, by and large, confirmed the findings from the comparisons of medians.

Conclusions: Greater negative impacts on physical health appear to occur, as CKD progresses from stage to stage, but the effects of CKD progression on mental health seem to be negligible. Among CKD patients, Diabetes and Heart Disease appear to further reduce patient perceptions of
physical health. Male patients with CKD appear to have more favourable perceptions of their overall health status, as compared to female patients with CKD.

Recommendations: Regarding future research - a   prospective longitudinal study that periodically assesses QoL across a cohort with CKD would be advisable (in order to further assess the impact of CKD progression on QoL, and to overcome the issues of “missing” data that were encountered during this Study). Regarding the clinical perspective - considerable efforts should be made to prevent (or slow) the progression of CKD towards the final stage of the disease, while enabling patient education, too.


identifier: Skeard, Janelle <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Skeard=3AJanelle=3A=3A.html>   (2014) "Hope springs eternal": a study of company and community in the former mining town of Buchans, Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Mining communities face a host of issues, including economic volatility, uncertainty, and closure. Thus, the common perception of mining towns revolves around a notion of impermanence - that the town follows the ore and when the ore is depleted, so is the community. However, this image is inherently problematic as it fails to recognize the fact that people put down roots, become attached to place, and create homes on the same ground from which ore is extracted. This thesis examines the various ways in which place identity is constructed in affiliation with the mining industry in Buchans, Newfoundland, and explores how identity and sense of community have contributed to community development and resilience post-closure. In doing so, it relies on qualitative methods and oral histories to provide insight into the sense of place that can develop in a former mining company town, how these relationships to place develop, and potential implications for community well-being and survival.


identifier: Li, Jia <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Li=3AJia=3A=3A.html>   (2014) A study of bias in the naive estimator in longitudinal linear mixed-effects models with measurement error and misclassification in covariates.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
This research presents a generalized least square approach to estimate the pa-
rameters in a longitudinal linear mixed-effects model. In this model, we consider
measurement error and misclassification in the covariates. Moreover, a classical mea-
surement error for continuous covariates, and misclassification for discrete covariates
up to three categories, is considered. Through simulation studies, we observe the
impact of each parameter of the model on the bias of the naive estimation, when the
other parameters stay unchanged.


identifier: Canning, Jon <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Canning=3AJon=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Change blindness and the sequential lineup: age-related comparisons.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
Change blindness (CB) refers to a lack of awareness regarding changes that occur
within our environment. Recently, CB has been discussed as a potential factor that
increases false eyewitness identifications when one’s view of the culprit is obstructed. CB
has not been studied in a forensic setting with seniors. Furthermore, past CB research has
failed to consider how an alternative procedure to the simultaneous lineup may affect
false identifications due to CB. In this study, a sample of young adults (n = 90) and
seniors (n = 90) viewed one of two mock-theft videos where the culprit changed (CB
video) or did not change (control video) during the video. To address identification,
culprit-present and culprit-absent sequential lineups were used. Results indicated that
28.9% of young adults and 37.8% of seniors displayed CB (p = .46), but surprisingly, it
was not found that CB affected their identification accuracy. Findings are presented in
terms of the potential benefits of the sequential lineup in reducing the effects of CB.


identifier: MacAdam, Jean-Sébastien <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/MacAdam=3AJean-S=E9bastien=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Au-delà des frontières réelles et imaginaires, une approche transdisciplinaire de l'oeuvre de Marjane Satrapi, Persépolis.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
This thesis is an exploration of the graphic novel Persépolis, written and drawn by Marjane Satrapi from 2000 to 2003. The work is deconstructed from different perspectives relating to Marxist, feminist, and postcolonial theory. In addition, psychoanalysis and semiotics provides supplementary interpretations of the text and a strong foundation for the literary study of Persépolis. The graphic novel is fundamentally different from the traditional novel in its deliberate use of images. Explicitly, it is a multi-dimensional, polyphonic and hybrid form. This paper explores subjects such as revolution, trauma, and literary schizophrenia. At the focus are the implications of theories proposed by Edward Saïd on Orientalism and Pierre Bourdieau on distinction and how they can relate to this text. The aim of this thesis is to critically engage in current academic research on Persépolis, and present themes not yet explored within Satrapi’s work. //
D’abord et avant tout, je voudrais remercier mes parents et grands-parents de m’avoir donné cet amour de la lecture et du livre. Je voudrais également remercier le département de français pour son soutien et sa confiance en moi. Tout particulièrement, je voudrais remercier Dr. Virginia Harger-Grinling, la directrice de mon mémoire, pour sa patience, son sens de l’humour et ses précieux conseils. Je dois aussi remercier Dr. Philippe Basabose et Dr. Anne
Thareau pour leurs encouragements et aussi pour avoir partagé avec moi cette
passion pour la littérature. De l’Université Bishop’s, je dois aussi remercier le professeur Chad Gibbs du département d’anglais. Ce dernier m’a introduit au roman graphique, une de ses grandes passions. Je vais aussi remercier ma compagne, Dana, pour son amour et son soutien.
Finalement, je vais dédier ce mémoire à tous ceux à travers le monde qui ne sont pas libres. En écrivant ce mémoire, je pense aux victimes de circonstances, aux peuples opprimés et à ceux qui n’ont pas de voix.


identifier: Fowler, William A. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Fowler=3AWilliam_A=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Boundary layer velocity structure in a coldwater coral area of Haddock Channel, southwest Grand Banks.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
Gorgonian corals occur extensively at continental slope depths > 200 m off the southwest
Grand Banks of Newfoundland. Among these corals, Keratoisis grayi forms
gorgonian coral thickets on cobbles and boulders in otherwise muddy sand habitats.
These thickets are believed to form a critical benthic habitat, in particular for juvenile
fish, and as such are an integral part of the ecosystem. These coral thickets are
impacted by bottom trawling activity which therefore could have far reaching consequences
for the larger ecosystem. This thesis reports on a study of how the ocean
bottom boundary layer is affected by the presence of coral thickets. This information
is important both to establish the characteristics of coral habitat but also to demonstrate
how the removal of corals modifies the boundary layer which would in turn
modify the benthic environment.
Bottom boundary layer currents in coral habitat in Haddock Channel were characterized
using two 2-MHz acoustic Doppler current profilers.The profilers were deployed
on the seafloor at a depth of 700 m, looking upward, for 85 hours, beginning
July 17th, 2007. The effective vertical profiling range was 4 meters, with 1 meter
depth resolution, sampling every 2.7 minutes. One instrument was placed in an area
where bamboo corals (Keratoisis grayi ) extend approximately to 1 meter in height
and occur with a density on the order of 1 colony per square meter (Coral Site). The
second instrument was deployed 100 meters away in an area with visually similar sea floor characteristics, but from which the corals had been removed by a research
bottom trawl (Mud Site). Mean flow speeds at both the Mud and Coral Site are
on the order of 10 cm s⁻¹, which is consistent with previous current data from the
general area. Observed currents showed some evidence of tidal forcing but other nonlinear
processes clearly influence the current regime. Speed profiles were fitted to the
logarithmic law of the wall to obtain bottom roughness zₒ, and friction velocity u∗
estimates. Both the Mud and Coral Site appear to conform to the logarithmic law of
the wall for turbulent boundary layers.
Friction velocity (u∗) estimates at flow speeds less than 5 cm s⁻¹, were consistently
higher at the Coral Site, relative to the Mud Site; Mud Site u∗ values were 30%
to 80% of Coral Site estimates, indicating increased turbulence due to the presence
of corals. However, friction velocity increased faster with flow speed at the Mud
Site, suggesting that at higher flow speeds coral induced bottom roughness is less
important to friction velocity. There was significant uncertainty in bed roughness
estimates, however bed roughness values at the Coral Site (mean zₒ = 0.51 ± 0.28
cm), were found to be generally higher at flow speeds below 5 cm s⁻¹, compared to
the Mud Site (mean zₒ = 0.27 ± 0.40 cm), again possibly indicating that the coral
are affecting the hydrodynamic roughness at low speeds.
Backscatter intensity was also examined as an indication of suspended organic
material. It was impossible to make relative absolute comparisons between the two
sites but relative changes in backscatter intensity could be compared. Backscatter
levels from both sites increased as flow speeds increased, up to 7 cm s⁻¹. Backscatter
increased faster with flow speed at the Mud Site, relative to the Coral Site, for speeds
between 2.5 and 7 cm s⁻¹, which is broadly consistent with the suggestion of greater
increase in friction velocity values seen at the Mud Site.
Above 7 cm s⁻¹, Coral Site backscatter intensity increased substantially, while the corresponding Mud Site backscatter intensity declined. The reason for this change in
trend is unclear, a possible explanation being a transition into a different flow regime
whereby increased flow speeds interact favourably with the rough topography created
by the corals. However, the large uncertainty estimates for backscatter levels at these
higher speeds were such that it was very difficult to draw firm conclusions.
We conclude that higher u∗ and zₒ estimates at low flow speeds at the Coral Site,
relative to the Mud Site, are consistent with the hypothesis that the enhancement of
turbulence due to the coral behaving as roughness elements is significant only at low
flow speeds, enabling coral polyps greater opportunities to extract organic material
from the water column due to resuspension of organic material from the sea floor.


identifier: Burkinshaw, Kelly <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Burkinshaw=3AKelly=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Segmental and prosodic conditioning in the first language acquisition of phonology.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
Children learning how to speak their first language must acquire the sounds and sound
combinations which make up the phonological system of that language. This is a challenging
task, especially given that these units may vary significantly depending on their position within
syllables, words, or larger domains. In this thesis, I consider a number of factors which may
influence the child's understanding of the target system. I study longitudinal data on the
consonantal development of two children, Inês and Joana, who are learning European
Portuguese as their first language, and show that the analysis that each child attains is
influenced by different sets of cues. European Portuguese displays a number of phonological
alternations at both syllable and word boundaries. I show that Inês attends to these alternations,
as she displays clear differences in her consonantal development across positions. In contrast,
Joana fails to attend to that evidence and, instead, shows more variable patterns of development.


identifier: Sheriff, Faseeja <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Sheriff=3AFaseeja=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Kant and Rawls on rights and international relations.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The Kantian doctrine of rights is a conception of equality of human beings which in a sense is pre-moral, and expressed in the concept of a person. For Kant, “Recht” is that free action whose maxim can coexist with the freedom of everyone according to a universal law. A distinguishing feature of the Kantian doctrine of rights is that rights are correlative to coercible duties. To determine if it is possible for Kant’s ethical position to provide an adequate theory of right, a thorough critical examination of his position and its consequences will be engaged. This will involve showing how Kant derives each part of his theory from the former in order to put forth a coherent doctrine of rights that can be extended to international realms. The thesis is laid out as follows. The first two chapters present the development of the Kantian system of rights. Subsequently, chapter three discusses the Kantian principles of justice being put into practice, and shows his derivation of the right of nations. The latter part of chapter three discusses the Kantian account of justice beyond borders, to regulate relations between societies both domestically and internationally. Lastly, chapter four presents the Rawlsian system of rights, and of develops a framework for international relations while highlighting its pitfalls. An attempt is made to show that Kant’s notion of right is defensible as it offers a greater degree of moral authority and political potency as a framework for international relations grounded in the unrestricted workings of practical reason and is superior to Rawls’ attempt to construct such a framework as it relies on abstract hypothetical conditions. Within the Kantian system, it is the workings of practical reason that allows rational persons to recognize the need to resurrect institutions that protect equality and autonomy universally. When reason is not fully subjected to public, it runs the risk of forwarding improper ideas that may ultimately undermine the freedom of others. However, within the Rawlsian system, subjects of justice are merely capable of acting autonomously, rather than acting autonomously for the sake of justice in itself.


identifier: Pirzada, Ashar <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Pirzada=3AAshar=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Inherited predisposition to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in the Newfoundland population.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a late-onset disease characterized by
inflammation and scarring of the lung parenchyma. 10-15% of IPF is attributed to genetic
causes. The prevalence of familial pulmonary fibrosis (FPF) is up to 10x higher in
Newfoundland & Labrador (NL) in comparison to other populations of European origin
such as the United Kingdom (UK) and Finland. The five genes (TERT, TERC, ABCA3,
SFTPC and SFTPA2) known to carry variants causing FPF have been screened in our NL
cohort with no pathogenic variants found. This suggested there is/are novel variant(s) to
be identified. Previous work done in this cohort utilized microsatellite genome-wide
scans, fine-mapping/haplotyping and SNP genotyping to find loci associated with FPF.
From these loci on chromosome 16 and 6, ten positional and functional candidate genes
were previously sequenced with no pathogenic variants identified.
In this thesis, selection and sequencing of candidate genes from previously
mapped loci is performed. Nine candidate genes were sequenced by Sanger sequencing in
FPF Family R0942; however, no pathogenic variant was discovered out of28 variants
found. Also, genotyping was carried out on a common MUC5B rs35795950 promoter
polymorphism that has been recently implicated with both sporadic and familial forms of
pulmonary fibrosis (PF). A case-control analysis was carried out using 110 affected
individuals and 277 healthy controls from the Newfoundland population. Results showed
a significant association between rs35705950 genotypes and IPF. The odds ratio for
individuals affected with IPF who were heterozygous and homozygous for the variant
allele of this SNP were 5.4 (95% confidence interval, 3.3 to 9.6, P < .001) and 12.2 (95% confidence interval, 3.3 to 44.7, P < .00 1), respectively. Furthermore, two of our FPF
fami lies (R0942 and R11 36) showed familial segregation of the variant allele with the
phenotype. In these families, all affected individuals were carriers of the variant T allele.
Furthermore, a Simplified rapid Segregation Analysis (S ISA) analysis demonstrated that
the probability by chance that co-segregation of the variant T allele with PF in family
R0942 was 1.56%.
This thesis supports the suggestion that the minor T allele of rs35705950 is likely
a contributor to the pathogenesis of IPF in the NL cohort. The MUC5B gene encodes for a
major gel-forming mucin macromolecule in respiratory secretions and is upregulated in
other lung diseases. Further evidence of association is provided by tissue expression
studies done through previous research.


identifier: Lau, Catherine <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Lau=3ACatherine=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Robust stress response does not alter cell proliferation and survival in adult rat hippocampus after acute predator stress.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Traumatic events contribute to a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Identifying the mechanisms underlying the stress response may aid in understanding the development of, or improving treatment options for, these debilitating disorders. Neurogenesis, the production of new neurons, is known to occur in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the adult mammalian hippocampus. While the reduction in adult neurogenesis following chronic stress is largely supported, acute stress models, particularly predator stress, have yielded inconsistent results. Thus, the goal of the current study was to help elucidate the effects of predator stress on adult hippocampal neurogenesis. This study implements a single, unprotected cat exposure which produces anxiety-like behaviors and hyperarousal in rats for up to three weeks. Despite a robust stress response detected by elevated corticosterone (CORT) in predator stressed rats, predator stress had no effect on the total number of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine immunoreactive (BrdU-IR) cells in the SGZ at 2 hours or 4 weeks post-stressor. However, acoustic startle (measure of hyperarousal behaviour) along with predator stress significantly reduced BrdU-IR cells in comparison to rats that were only predator stressed.


identifier: Casey, Erica Jocelyn Paul <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Casey=3AErica_Jocelyn_Paul=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Effects of supine and inverted seated positions on neuromuscular and cardiovascular parameters.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
Purpose: The inverted and supine body positions are not common postures humans
adopt. During unusual situations (e.g. overturned helicopters, motor vehicle accidents,
gymnastics) when body position is altered, neuromuscular and cardiovascular (CV)
responses can change. To optimally manage these situations, it is necessary to examine
the changes in muscle force output, activation and CV parameters. In previous research,
impairments during posture change were believed to be secondary to inhibition of
sympathetic nervous system activity in recreational subjects. The purpose of this research
was to evaluate the neuromuscular and CV changes in supine and inverted body positions
on a group of aerobically trained athletes before and following physical fatigue.
Methods: Twelve male athletes completed three trials in the upright, supine and inverted
seated positions. At baseline (upright), leg extension (LE) and elbow flexion (EF) evoked
contractile properties and MVCs were performed. The participant was then positioned for
150s in each posture, followed by a 30s MVC (MVC30). During each trial, stroke volume
(SV), cardiac output (Q), heart rate (HR), time and frequency domain HR variability
measures and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) measurements were recorded. As well,
force-fatigue and EMG relationships were evaluated. Results: An ANOVA showed no
statistical differences in EF MVC force, but a tendency (p=0.12) for LE MVC decline
across positions with moderate effect size. EF evoked resting twitch (p=0.1) had a decline
in force that was not significant from upright to inverted and no change from upright to
supine. Potentiated peak twitch (p=0.06) force displayed a tendency towards an increase
from upright to supine and decline in force from upright to inverted postures (p=0.1). LE evoked resting twitch had a non-significant (p=0.1) but large magnitude increase in force
across the three positions and there was a significant increase in potentiated twitch force
(p=0.03). Force-fatigue, electromyography-fatigue relationships and HR variability
during MVC30 fatigue across positions were not affected. HR and Q were significantly
(p<0.01) lower with inversion following both LE and EF fatigue. Conclusions: The lack
of significant postural changes in resting force and CV measures may demonstrate that
highly trained individuals may adapt better to the supine and inverted positions.


identifier: Miszaniec, Jason Ian <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Miszaniec=3AJason_Ian=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Dorset use and selection of firewood at Phillip's Garden, Northern Peninsula, Newfoundland: an application of wood identification on archaeological charcoal and contemporary driftwood.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: This thesis employs wood identification and spatial analysis of charcoal to examine Dorset Palaeoeskimo firewood use and selection at the Phillip’s Garden site (EeBi-1), Northern Peninsula, Newfoundland. Handpicked charcoal fragments (n = 600) from five cold-weather dwellings and one midden were identified. Charcoal identified was predominantly fir (Abies sp.; mean = 69%) and spruce (Picea sp.; mean = 14%). These genera dominate the modern forest (65% and 27%, respectively) as well as contemporary driftwood accumulations (34% and 32%, respectively) and are present in the prehistoric tree pollen record from a nearby pond. These data suggest that Dorset collected firewood according to the principle of least effort from nearby sources. Reduced diversity in minor genera (<1%) in the archaeological charcoal record may be indicative of changing cultural preferences and/or reduced availability as prolonged occupation led to a decline in local wood resources. To evaluate if handpicked charcoal biased genera represented, eight sediment samples were processed from three dwellings tested in the summer of 2013. Few charcoal fragments were recovered from the sediment samples and were either fir or spruce suggesting that handpicked sample did not introduce a source of bias. Maps depicting charcoal distributions within three dwellings indicate that wood was burnt inside despite lacking hearth features. These findings challenge the widespread assumption that marine mammal fat was the only fuel used by the Dorset. This project applies a novel approach to a resource that has received little attention to date in the study of the Dorset people.


identifier: Legge, Rhonda J. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Legge=3ARhonda_J=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2014) A qualitative evaluation of the home share St. John's pilot program.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Home sharing is defined as an arrangement between two unrelated people to share a living space to their mutual benefit. The Home Share St. John’s Pilot Program is a local home sharing endeavour that commenced in 2012 in response to the need for affordable housing options for older adults and students. This thesis constitutes the qualitative portion of an evaluation of this program. Qualitative interviews were conducted with sixteen home share participants in the fall of 2012 with the primary goals of understanding the participants’ experiences with home sharing in relation to facilitating aging in place, social inclusion, and intergenerational learning; and, more generally, to explore home sharing best practices. Although limited by the short duration of the pilot matches, the findings suggest that home sharing is a desirable and affordable housing option, with the potential to address some broader systemic issues of an aging population.


identifier: Mahoney, Krista <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Mahoney=3AKrista=3A=3A.html>   (2014) The clinical and genetic epidemiology of pediatric idiopathic epilepsy in Newfoundland and Labrador.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
Background: Epilepsy is a common and very heterogeneous neurologic disorder which shows a predilection towards the pediatric population. Idiopathic epilepsy (IE) refers to cases with no known underlying etiology other than a presumed genetic predisposition. IE accounts for approximately half of all cases of epilepsy. Newfoundland and Labrador has a tertiary referral center for pediatric neurology patients where virtually all children living on the Avalon Peninsula are treated. The current study aims to determine the clinical and genetic epidemiologic characteristics in this population.
Purpose: To describe the incidence, genetic and clinical epidemiology of pediatric IE in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador.
Methods: All children < 15 years of age with IE were ascertained through the provincial pediatric neurology clinic at the Janeway Child Health Centre. Family history, medical history and blood samples were obtained from affected children and their family members. All blood samples were screened for mutations in the seven candidate genes (SCN1A, SCN2A, SCN1B, KCNQ2, GABRA1, GABRG2 and KCNQ3) of highest priority, based on previously reported phenotype-genotype relationships, by direct bidirectional Sanger DNA sequencing.
Results: The mean annual incidence of IE for the population of children living on the Avalon region of Newfoundland from 2000 to 2004 was 107 per 100 000. This rate is approximately three-fold greater than comparable populations in other developed countries. Incidence was similar in males and females. Multiple different epilepsy phenotypes were identified between and amongst families. Of 117 families with IE eligible for study, 86 (74%) provided detailed pedigree data. Fifty-five families (64%) had a positive family history. Eight (9%) of these had family histories compatible with autosomal dominant (AD) inheritance and these families lived in five different geographic isolates. DNA was obtained from 79 individuals in 21 families. Seven genes previously associated with childhood epilepsy were sequenced and excluded in all but one family which had a pathogenic mutation in SCN1A. This gene encodes a sodium channel subunit and a novel missense mutation (c.1162T>C, p.Tyr388His) was identified in a multiplex family segregating a severe, clinically novel form of autosomal dominant generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+). The phenotype was consistent with GEFS+, with a variable phenotype that included mood and anxiety disorders, as well as ataxia – thereby expanding the phenotypic spectrum of GEFS+ to include neuropsychiatric disease.
Conclusions: The incidence of IE in the Avalon Peninsula of Newfoundland is three times higher than comparison populations and the rate of familial disease is high throughout the province of Newfoundland and Labrador. The distribution of familial and AD IE in different geographic isolates, together with the clinical heterogeneity of disease, suggests substantial genetic heterogeneity. A novel SCN1A mutation and phenotype was identified.


identifier: Akintola, Kolawole  <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Akintola=3AKolawole_=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Phonon dynamics of exotic materials Bi₂Se₃, Bi₂Te₃, Sb₂Te₃ and WSe₂.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
Raman and Brillouin spectroscopy have been employed to investigate the phonon
dynamics of Bi₂Se₃, Bi₂Te₃, Sb₂Te₃ (all topological insulators) and WSe₂ (a 2D semiconductor).
In the frequency range studied, two peaks were observed in the Raman
spectra of Bi₂Se₃, Bi₂Te₃, Sb₂Te₃. Polarization studies were done to study the nature
of these peaks and assign them to particular vibrational modes. Due to the fact that
all three materials belong to the same space group and have the same Wycko↵ positions,
it stands to reason that their Raman spectra will be identical in every respect
except for the position where the peaks appear. This was found only to be partially
true from what we observed. The presence of Te atoms in Bi₂Te₃, and Sb₂Te₃ was
observed to play a prominent role in determining mode intensity. We verified that
the higher intensity of the peak observed due to the A₁g(2)
1g mode compared to that due
to the Eg(2)
g mode in Bi₂Te₃, and Sb₂Te₃, is most probably due some resonance effect
induced by the laser excitation wavelength used.
Raman scattering studies of WSe₂ have generated much controversy with regards
mode assignment and the shifts at with spectral peaks appear while there are no
reports from Brillouin scattering studies of this material. Our Raman experiment
shows that the Raman active E₂g(1)
2g and A1g modes in WSe₂ initially thought to be
degenerate are not degenerate. This was verified by collecting spectra at different
polarization configurations. One of the polarization configurations showed two closely
separated peaks, enabling us to identify the constituent modes from the originally
near-degenerate mode in the unpolarized spectrum. The velocity of the Rayleigh
surface wave was extracted from the Brillouin spectra collected at different angles of incidence ranging from 35 to 80 degrees in a Brillouin light scattering experiment.
The value of the velocity compares well with those previously reported for related
materials.
This work reports new results on the vibrational properties of Bi₂Se₃, Bi₂Te₃, Sb₂Te₃ and WSe₂. Our results also resolves the inconsistencies reported in previous
studies on the vibrational properties of these materials.


identifier: Morton, Katherine <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Morton=3AKatherine=3A=3A.html>   (2014) The radical activist and the natural victim: colonial tropes of Aboriginal identity, the media, and public inquiries in Canada.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Images of Aboriginal social problems and protests are frequent features of mainstream news discourse. This thesis identifies two dominant tropes of Aboriginal identity found within the mainstream visual discourse of Aboriginal social problems: the radical activist and the natural victim. Using "hot-button" cases of Aboriginal social problems that resulted in public inquiries (i.e. Oka, Ipperwash), this thesis identifies where and why colonial tropes are constructed within the visual discourse of these events and their subsequent public inquiries. This thesis will pay particular attention to the way in which colonial tropes of Aboriginal identity continue to shape the mainstream visual discourse of Aboriginal social problems and in turn have an impact on public opinion and government responses to these hot-button issues.


identifier: Kulkarni, Kaivalya G. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Kulkarni=3AKaivalya_G=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2014) A formal synthesis of (-)-aphanorphine and studies on the synthesis of (+) clauslactone S and enantiomerically enriched α-hydroxy acid derivatives.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
(−)-Aphanorphine is an alkaloid isolated from the fresh water algae Aphanizomenon flos-aquae. The 3-benzazepine scaffold in aphanorphine resembles the benzomorphan analgesics such as pentazocine, eptazocine and morphine. The complex 3-benzazepine scaffold and a quaternary stereocenter has made (−)-aphanorphine an interesting synthetic target. The synthesis of (−)-aphanorphine from an enantiomerically enriched α-hydroxy acid derivative is described in Chapter 1 of this thesis. This hydroxy acid is readily available from an ephedrine-derived morpholinone via a highly diastereoselective allylation followed by removal of the ephedrine portion. The methodology developed for the synthesis of (−)-aphanorphine is potentially useful for the synthesis of other N-methylpyrrolidine-based natural products and related structural motifs.
Clauslactone S is a terpenoid which was extracted from the leaves and stems of Clausena excavate in 2008. There has been no synthesis of clauslactone S reported to date. We envisaged that the substituted δ-lactone in clauslactone S can be synthesized using an enantiomerically enriched α-hydroxy acid derivative. Studies on the development of a modular synthetic strategy for clauslactone S and the details of the synthesis of a potential intermediate to clauslactone S are described in Chapter 2 of the thesis.
The α-hydroxy acid derivative employed as starting material in the aphanorphine and clauslctone S studies is readily obtained by a highly diastereoselective double alkylation of an ephedrine-derived morpholinedione. However, the limitation of the methodology is that ephedrine is no longer commercially available. Hence, studies were conducted on several morpholinediones, that were derived from enantiomerically enriched amino alcohols, with the objective of finding an alternative to ephedrine. Details of these investigations are presented in Chapter 3 of this thesis.


identifier: Krumsick, Kyle <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Krumsick=3AKyle=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) feeding for ecosystem-based management and sustainability in Newfoundland and Labrador marine ecosystems.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The purpose of this study is to challenge long-standing assumptions on Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) feeding around Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, and provide information that will be useful for the next generation of ecosystem-based models. Using stomach content analysis and published cod stomach data I address two primary questions: Do cod cease feeding during spawning? Does the cod diet reflect changes in prey assemblages in the ecosystem? Spatial and temporal diet variation was additionally analyzed. Regional variation was paramount such that diet diversity, mirroring ecosystem diversity, increased with decreasing latitude. Contrary to current assumptions, feeding continued through spawning. The stomach content contribution of shrimp reflect environmental trends in these prey assemblages over the past 65 years, while crab, a minor part of the cod diet, does not reflect abundance changes. Capelin appeared preferably consumed when encountered. Cod are not complete generalist feeders but select for certain energy rich prey.


identifier: Dan, Lydia Annabel <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Dan=3ALydia_Annabel=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Variation in genes regulating angiogenesis, lymph-angiogenesis and metastasis: associations of three polymorphisms with outcome in patients with colorectal cancer.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Biological and clinical findings show that the variation in the angiogenesis, lymph-angiogenesis and metastasis processes may affect patient survival. This study aims to identify new prognostic markers in colorectal cancer by investigating the associations of 381 genetic polymorphisms and haplotypes from 30 angiogenesis, lymph-angiogenesis and metastasis genes in a cohort of colorectal cancer patients from Newfoundland and Labrador. Our results showed that three linked SNPs located in the MMP8 and MMP27 genes were individually associated with overall survival (rs11225388, rs11225389, and rs12365082). By predicting and analyzing the haplotypes from these genes I also found an association between overall survival and an MMP3 haplotype consisting of four polymorphisms. The biological consequences of these three SNPs and the MMP3 haplotype and their relation to the risk of death in colorectal cancer are currently unknown. Future studies are required to replicate these findings in another cohort of colorectal cancer patients.


identifier: Godbout, Genevieve <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Godbout=3AGenevieve=3A=3A.html>   (2008) Breton bread ovens of the Petit Nord: the archaeological landscape of foodways in the French fishing stations of Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
From the sixteenth century to the early twentieth, French fishermen
came to the Petit Nord, a region of northern Newfoundland, to harvest and
process cod. After 1713, international treaties prevented them from overwintering
or settling on the Petit Nord, and fishing rooms typically comprised
ephemeral and minimalist structures, with the interesting exception of large
bread ovens. French fishermen built such ovens in Newfoundland at least
since the late eighteenth century, during the decades surrounding the French
Revolution. During that time, a growing symbolic association of bread with
cultural identity participated in the development of French nationalism.
French people, regardless of their social situation or occupation, yearned to
consume bread of a good quality, apparently including fishermen engaged in
migratory fishing expeditions to Newfoundland. The French bread ovens of
the Petit Nord suggest the socio-economic importance of bread in the fishing
crews' lifeways and in the expression of their identity in the landscape.


identifier: Derwish, Leena <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Derwish=3ALeena=3A=3A.html>   (2014) The role of MIER1 and G9a in histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27) methylation.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: G9a is a lysine methyltransferase, which is responsible for mono- and di-methylation of lysine 9 on histone 3 in euchromatic loci containing transcriptionally active genes. G9a has been shown to be implicated in the methylation of lysine 27 on histone 3 as well. This study focused on characterizing the interaction between G9a and mesoderm induction early response 1 (MIER1), a fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-activated transcriptional regulator. Glutathione S-transferase pull-down assay showed that MIER1 interacts with G9a via the SANT domain, a domain common in MIER1 isoforms. Co-immunoprecipitations using lysates from human embryonic kidney cells (HEK-293) confirmed the validity of the interaction between these two proteins in vivo. Co-immunoprecipitations also revealed MIER1 to interact with chromodomain protein, Y-like (CDYL). Moreover, CDYL bridges enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), the methyltransferase subunit of PRC2 complex, to MIER1. Methyltransferase assays using histone H3 N-terminal [H3(21-44)] peptide or recombinant histone H3 monomer as substrates showed recombinant G9a to have no detectable methylation activity towards H3K27. GST-MIER1 does not have intrinsic histone methyltransferase activity and does not methylate H3K27. However, the MIER1 complex immunoprecipiated from HEK-293 cells does methylate H3K27. A methyltransferase associated with MIER1 in HEK-293 cells, such as G9a or EZH2, could be responsible for this methylation.


identifier: Aljabri, Mahmood <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Aljabri=3AMahmood=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Synthesis and complexation studies of new triazole bridged-calix[4]arenes and attempts to synthesize a modified Homooxacalix[4]acenaphthene.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
The possibility of synthesizing compounds capable of selective binding to metal ions has been extensively investigated. Such investigations mainly aim at making compounds available for metal ion testing. This work has been motivated by the fact that synthesizing proper receptors that can selectively and specifically interact with metal ions of interest is important for the development of supramolecular chemistry.
This thesis begins by providing a brief introduction to the main concept of supramolecular chemistry, often referred to as “Host-Guest Chemistry”. Chapter 1 also describes the forces that control supramolecular interactions between host and guest molecules. A thorough discussion about calixarenes, whose synthesis and complexation properties were one of the main objectives of this work, and the techniques used for the complexation studies are also presented in Chapter 1.
In Chapter 2, the syntheses of two new molecular receptors namely bis(naphthyl)methane-bridged macrocycles are described. These two receptors were subsequently characterized by ¹H- and ¹³C-NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Chapter 2 also presents a study of the complexation properties of these receptors with different metal ions of interest which have been investigated using ¹H-NMR and fluorescence spectroscopy. Our results have shown that these two compounds are selective towards Fe³⁺, Hg²⁺ and Cu²⁺ in a mixed 4:1 acetonitrile: chloroform solvent. Chapter 3 presents the synthesis procedures that have been followed to develop fluorescent chemosensors based on acenaphthene-modified calix[4]arene-triazoles. The selectivity of these chemosensors towards metal ions has been studied using fluorescence and ¹H-NMR spectroscopy. The results obtained from these techniques which show their complexation properties are explained in detail in this chapter.
In Chapter 4, attempts made towards the modification of homooxacaxalix[4]-acenaphthene are presented. This modification has been performed with the hope that such a compound could selectively bind C⁷⁰ fullerene, since the prototype compound was found to be selective towards C⁶⁰ fullerene. Synthetic work towards the modification of homooxacaxalix[4]acenaphthene is on-going.


identifier: Bednarz, Małgorzata <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Bednarz=3AMa==0142gorzata=3A=3A.html>   (2014) 3D ichnofabrics in shale gas reservoirs.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

title: 3D ichnofabrics in shale gas reservoirs

abstract:
This PhD research project uses three-dimensional ichnology to address issues of shalehydrocarbon
reservoir quality and provides new tools for ichnofabric analysis and
ichnotaxonomic considerations. The study presents deterministic (devoid of conceptual
simplifications and interpretations) visualizations of the true spatial geometry of the aff.
Chondrites, aff. Phycosiphon and Nereites trace fossils and models the three-dimensional
arrangements of the burrow components. The volumetric reconstructions of the real
geometry of the trace fossils allowed for their comparison with the previously established
visualizations and for reconsideration of pre-existing palaeobiological models. To date
three-dimensional understanding of the majority of trace fossils is presented as
conceptual drawings available only on two-dimensional media. Such reconstructions are
extrapolated mainly from observations of cross sections of burrows from core and
outcrop and do not allow for realistic volumetric quantification and full elucidation of
complex trace fossil geometries in the context of the host-sediment. The new
methodology based on precise serial grinding and volume-visualization presented herein
addresses this gap in ichnological knowledge, and is especially useful for examination of
the ichnofabric contained in mudstones and muddy siltstones where the application or
non-destructive methods of 3D reconstructions as CT scanning or MRI is impossible
owing to the rock petrological characteristics (e.g., low burrow-matrix density
difference). Volumetric calculations formulated in this study allowed for quantitative
characterization of the fundamental attributes of the trace fossils and ichnofabric. The quantitative analytical methods of three-dimensional ichnology presented herein
considerably improve our understanding of the petrophysical characteristics of the
bioturbated mudstone and therefore they significantly inform the quality of shale gas
reservoirs.
Five bioturbated samples of organic-rich mudstones collected from shale-gas reservoir
type facies of different ages (from Yorkshire [UK], Northumberland [UK], Baja
California [Mexico] and Muddy Creek Canyon [Utah]) were reconstructed in 3D at a 1:1
scale. Visualization and volumetric analysis of the spatial distribution and architecture of
burrows in reconstructed phycosiphoniform and aff. Chondrites ichnofabrics provides
insights into the effects of these taxa on the rheological and petrophysical characteristics
of mudstones. It has been demonstrated in the course of this thesis that, in addition to
creating significant volumes of silty (clay-poor) zones of enhanced porosity and
permeability, trace fossils propagate in all directions infiltrating substantial spatial
volume of “tight” matrix and generate horizontally and vertically connected frameworks
of densely packed quartzose strips, thereby improving permeability isotropy (kh≈kv) and
increasing stress isotropy. It is illustrated herein that shale ichnofabrics can create
extensive fracture-prone planes of weakness in sediments that are of importance to
hydraulic fracturing methods. Burrows similar to Phycosiphon and Chondrites
significantly increase the surface area of the interface between the organic-rich matrix
and silty burrow fills, thereby increasing the potential for diffusive transport of
hydrocarbon molecules from the “tight” matrix to wellbore-connected volumes. By
creating dense, highly interconnected brittle boxworks, ichnofabrics also have the potential to improve the fracturability of reservoir mudstones by affecting fracturespacing
and fracture connectivity. The burrow spacing approach developed and employed
in this study may form the basis for future modeling of fracture spacing and assessment
of fracture complexity in stimulated hydrocarbon-charged shale intervals with
bioturbation.


identifier: Khademi, Masoud <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Khademi=3AMasoud=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Laboratory study of the effect of axial compliance on rock penetration of PDC bits.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Drilling field tests and numerical simulations show that there are relationships between Bottom-hole Assembly (BHA) configuration (compliance and mass), BHA vibrations, and the Rate of Penetration (ROP). In recent years sophisticated down-hole tools (e.g. shock sub, Thruster, and Flex Stabilizer) have been designed and fabricated to mitigate unwanted BHA vibrations and increase the ROP. However, utilization of these tools in field tests shows both positive and negative effects on the drilling process. In order to conceptualize the mechanism behind these effects and further investigate the effect of the compliance element on the ROP, a laboratory test rig with a variable compliance feature is developed. Different levels of compliance are achieved by changing the number and pattern of sandwich rubber mounts in the compliance mounting system. Experimental results verify that changing the compliance value can improve the ROP. An optimum compliance value is also investigated in this laboratory study. Additionally, it is investigated that different compliance values alter the relative bit-rock displacement and positively affect bottom hole cleaning, and negatively affect the cutting surface area.


identifier: Li, Mu <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Li=3AMu=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Wanderers between cultural boundaries: exploring the individual expressions of Chineseness in Newfoundland.  Doctoral (PhD) thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: With less than 2000 members, the Chinese community(-ies) of Newfoundland and Labrador represents the province‘s largest ―visible minority. The Chinese have had a commercial presence since 1895 but their cultural impact has been less visible. My doctoral dissertation examines the Chinese community(-ies) of Newfoundland and Labrador, focusing especially on the St. John‘s area. It traces the experiences of the largest ―visible minority‖ of the youngest province of Canada. Through historical description, fieldwork observation and interpersonal interviews, it documents contemporary Chinese traditions in Newfoundland and explores how individual Chinese Newfoundlanders who may be different from each other in terms of birthplace, language, occupation, socioeconomic class, immigration time and other social and cultural aspects, perceive and present their personal versions of Chineseness. My research challenges the stereotypical notion of the homogeneous Chinese community in Newfoundland and draws attention to the intra-group differences which is highlighted through individuals‘ folkloric practices such as foodways, festival celebrations and cultural performance to comprehensively present how the image of "Chinese in Newfoundland" is established and developed.


identifier: Giles, Madison Leigh <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Giles=3AMadison_Leigh=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Impact of an HIV/AIDS sexual health education program for youth in southern Inuit communities.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
HIV/AIDS data in Canada indicates a steady and disproportionate increase of HIV
infections among Indigenous youth. To address this health vulnerability, a community-based
research project was conducted to evaluate an HIV/AIDS sexual health
presentation specific to youth in Labrador. Ninety-eight students in Grades 7-12
responded to pre- and post-questionnaires to determine, on a short-term basis, their
knowledge, attitudes, and programming preferences. Research results demonstrated an
increase in overall knowledge and attitudes. Older and female participants gained
significant positive attitudes surrounding HIV/AIDS compared to younger and male
participants. Students were found to prefer HIV prevention initiatives permeated with
games, activities, and demonstrations. Several misconceptions were discovered that call
for further education on HIV transmission and stigma. This study provided important
insights into gaps in HIV/AIDS education, as well as subgroups that require programming
that meets their specific needs. These insights can be utilized to tailor sexual health
education to be more reflective of, and effective for, youth in Southern Inuit communities.


identifier: Mozaffari, Mohammad <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Mozaffari=3AMohammad=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Comprehensive simulation of single PDC cutter penetration using distinct element modeling (DEM) methods.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
Distinct Element Method (DEM) models are a class of material models that represent the material as a domain of small elastic balls bonded by non-linear elastic springs with defined shear and tensile bond strengths. This kind of material can represent concrete which is a material composed of a Portland cement-based matrix and rock aggregate, and has similar material properties and failure behaviour as low-permeability, sedimentary rocks.
This study investigates the performance of DEM in drilling operations by developing a toolkit. The toolkit has tried to introduce the most possible aspects of a drilling operation to qualitatively replicate the available experimental studies with optimized high accuracy.
The toolkit has maturated through this study in multiple steps. Initially there was only a cutter dragging on a rock under a vertical force in presence of confining pressure. Further enhancements such as cutter cleaning were added; also, boundary effects were minimized and particle size has been optimized. In the last step an advanced contact model, i.e. Flat-Joint contact model, has been used to better study the behavior of granular media.
The gradual process helped the toolkit grow. A number of experimental studies were re-created using this toolkit and the performance of the toolkit was tested in two scenarios against experimental and published work. The results confirm the performance and accuracy of the toolkit in replicating and predicting the experimental study qualitatively. Furthermore, the results were tested against available correlations and it has been found out that they follow the correlations closely.


identifier: Haq, Muhammad Masood ul <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Haq=3AMuhammad_Masood_ul=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Lateral buckling of deep subsea pipelines.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: Deep subsea pipelines are often laid on the seabed surface and may experience partial vertical embedment due to self-weight. Pipelines being operated in such scenarios are prone to lateral deformations under the load effects from external hydrostatic pressure, seabed ambient temperature, internal pressure, operating temperature and external reactions (e.g. seabed, structural support). These parameters along with other factors including pipe/soil interaction, installation stress and seabed topology influence the effective axial force that governs the pipeline global buckling response. The radius of curvature and amplitude of geometric imperfections (e.g. initial out of straightness) also affect the mode shape of the buckled profile. This study focuses on the assessment of controlled lateral buckling phenomena through development of calibrated numerical tools and conducting parametric studies. The research outcomes will aid pipeline engineers to develop a better understanding on lateral buckling mechanism of deep subsea pipelines under the influence of various operational and geometric parameters and varying soil properties along the pipeline route


identifier: MacKinnon, Marc <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/MacKinnon=3AMarc=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Synthesis of novel π-systems containing two pyrene units.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The research described in this thesis deals with the synthesis of designed π-systems that contain two pyrene units. In Chapter 1 a brief overview of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons will be described. In Chapter 2 the synthesis and characterization of BINOL-‐like compounds, in which the naphthalene moieties are replaced with pyrenes, is described. Some properties of these compounds are also described. Over the past several years, the Bodwell group has been involved in the design, synthesis and characterization of pyrene-‐containing systems, most notably, a series of pyrenophanes. However, all of the pyrenophane examples reported by the Bodwell group have contained only a single pyrene unit. In Chapter 3, the attempted synthesis of a pyrenophane with two pyrene units is described and conclusions presented.


identifier: Nizamee, Md Renesa <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Nizamee=3AMd_Renesa=3A=3A.html>   (2014) The intrinsic hardness of structure approximation.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
A natural question when dealing with problems that are computationally hard to solve
is whether it is possible to compute a solution which is close enough to the optimal
solution for practical purposes. The usual notion of "closeness" is that the value of the
solution is not far from the optimal value. In this M.Sc thesis, we will focus on the
generalization of this notion where closeness is defined with respect to a given distance
function. This framework, named "Structure approximation", was introduced in 2007
paper by Hamilton, Müller, van Rooij and Wareham [HMvRW07], who posed the
question of complexity of approximation of NP-hard optimization problems in this
setting.
In this thesis, we will survey what is known about the complexity of structure approximation,
in particular recasting results on Hamming approximation of NP witnesses in
the Hamilton/Müller/van Rooij/Wareham framework. Specifically, the lower bounds
in the NP witness setting imply that at least for some natural choices of the distance
function any non-trivial structure approximation is as hard to compute as an exact
solution to the original problem. In particular, results of Sheldon and Young (2013)
state, in the language of structure approximation, that it is not possible to compute
more than n/2 + nᵋ bits of an optimal solution correctly in polynomial time without
being able to solve the original problem in polynomial time. Moreover, for some
problems and solution representations, even a polynomial-time algorithm for finding η/2−O([root of]η ln η) bits of an optimal solution can be used to solve the problem exactly
in polynomial time.
In addition to the lower bounds results, we will discuss algorithms and design techniques
that can be used to achieve some degree of structure approximation for several
well-known problems, and look at some traditional approximation algorithms to see
whether the approximate solution they provide is also a structure approximation.
We make a number of observations throughout the thesis, in particular extending
Hamming approximation lower bounds to edit distance approximation with the same
n/2 + nᵋ parameters for several problems.
Finally, we apply these techniques to analyse the structure approximation complexity
of the Phrase Alignment problem in linguistics, in particular Weighted Sentence
Alignment (WSA) problem of DeNero and Klein [DK08]. We discuss several ways
of defining a natural witness for this problem and their implications for its structure
approximability. In a search of the most compact natural witness representation, we
define a still NP-hard restriction of the WSA, a Partition Weighted Sentence Alignment,
and show that the n/2 + nᵋ lower bounds for the Hamming distance and edit
distance apply in this case; this implies structure inapproximability of the WSA itself
with somewhat weaker parameters.


identifier: Chavoshi Jolfaei, Mahin S.  <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Chavoshi_Jolfaei=3AMahin_S=2E_=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Evaluation of foxO modulation in modelling Parkinson Disease in Drosophila melanogaster.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
Symptoms of Parkinson Disease (PD), the second most common
neurodegenerative disease, emerge due to degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. Approximately 10% of PD is familial with a number of genes that have been recognized to play a role. In 2012, a genome wide study revealed a role for the foxO transcription factor in PD. To more fully understand human diseases, model organisms such as Drosophila melanogaster are widely used. In the present study, I have attempted to model Parkinson Disease in Drosophila by foxO modulation using RNAi transgenes. To achieve this goal, I conducted longevity assays and locomotion measurements along with supportive experiments that target expression in the developing eye. Results suggest that under certain conditions, slight elevation of foxO by down-regulation of one of foxO’s inhibitors, the kinase minibrain (mnb), can model PD in flies. Results are presented here showing that expression of mnb-RNAi (and predicted subsequent slight elevation of foxO) in dopaminergic neurons results in significant loss of climbing ability: the defining feature of PD models in fruit flies. Other results suggest that slight decrease of foxO by foxO-RNAi decreases life span significantly when expressed under the control of TH-Gal4( Tyrosine Hydroxylase-Gal4) . In addition, results show that GFP-RNAi expression under the control of TH-Gal4 reduces life span significantly.


identifier: Fournie, Mitchell S. <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Fournie=3AMitchell_S=2E=3A=3A.html>   (2014) "Outside agitators and ungrateful kids": the making of the working class in rural Newfoundland.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: The 1971 Burgeo strike was a central moment in the development of working-class consciousness in Newfoundland. Combining archival sources with the author‘s own field interviews, this thesis illustrates how the development of industrial production during the two and a half decades after the Second World War generated a corresponding shift in the society and culture of rural Newfoundland. The resulting narrative demonstrates a model of class formation in the "industrial villages" of outport Newfoundland.


identifier: Hossain, Md Shakhawat <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Hossain=3AMd_Shakhawat=3A=3A.html>   (2014) Small wind turbine based packet energy system with battery storage.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract: In this thesis, an application of a grid connected small wind turbine with a battery based storage system is presented. Small wind turbine has been used to charge the battery, and the system connection to the grid is determined by the load dispatch center. Once the system is connected, it delivers power at full inverter rating. Therefore, it can be considered as a packet energy system. Such a system can profit from net metering and variable rate electricity which are available in some Canadian provinces. Energy storage system has been designed in HOMER. A control algorithm has been proposed and simulated in Matlab/Simulink with 3 case studies to investigate the impacts of different charging and discharging scenarios. Sizing and cost calculations indicate that such a system can be used by residents who are interested to generate profit from variable rate electricity. This research shows that a small wind turbine based packet energy system can make renewable energy sources more practical and supply energy on demand. The proposed energy system can take energy flow instructions from Smart Energy Dispatching Centers (SEDCs) and deliver power. The system has been modeled using low order transfer functions and energy packets have been generated by switching randomly. A prototype of the battery based energy storage system has been designed and implemented. Lab tests and simulation results indicate that the designed packet energy network system is able to provide energy packets as required by the grid. Additionally the simulation results show that the output power from a very large energy packet network will be stable with the existence of large load fluctuation.


identifier: Taban, Momeneh <https://research.library.mun.ca/view/creator_az/Taban=3AMomeneh=3A=3A.html>   (2014) A recommender system for breast cancer patients.  Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

abstract:
An ongoing challenge in the information age is finding information relevant to a
particular need. One area in which this is particularly problematic is the medical do-
main, where patients suffering from certain conditions seek advice on managing their
health. Personalized recommendations can be useful in this context. A recommender
system can assist users to locate relevant information and choose the best option that
matches their needs.
This thesis developed a Breast Cancer Recommender System (BCRS) which rec-
ommends health related articles appropriate for patients confronting breast cancer.
BCRS applies a hybrid algorithm which combines collaborative filtering and content
based approaches to generate recommendations. Article recommendations can be
categorized in four main groups: life style, emotional concerns, risk factors and treat-
ment. To examine the quality and perceived usefulness of article recommendations,
a preliminary evaluation was conducted using female medical students of Memorial
University.