title: Engaging orality in theological education: teaching the story of the Old Testament in the MENA context

contributor:
Zailaa, Walid (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Wooden, Glenn) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2019

abstract: Acadia Divinity College

abstract:
This thesis project addresses the lack of biblical literacy, specifically of the Old Testament  narrative,  in  the  growing  oral  context  of  the  Middle  East  and  North  Africa (MENA), by designing a course at the Arab Baptist Theological Seminary (ABTS) for theology  students  who  are  already  pastors  and  leaders  and  who  represent  the  different countries in the MENA. Equipping key leaders to convey the story of the Old Testament in their oral context is an urgent need locally and internationally. The latest statistics of the International  Orality  Network  show  that  there  are  2.7  billion  unreached  people  in approximately  3500  unengaged  people  groups.  This  statistic  also  shows  that  there  are around 2 billion people without the Old Testament.
Chapter one begins by examining three short stories in the Old Testament, pointing out to the various commonalities in conveying a divine message through storytelling. I have  studied  the  stories  of  the  poor  man’s  lamb  (2  Sam.  11:27b-12:7a), the  2  fighting brothers and the avengers of blood (2 Sam. 13:38-14:24), and the fruitless vineyard (Is. 5:1-7) in their different forms and genre as a means of communicating a formative message. The  storytelling  techniques  used  ontributed  to  the  narration  project  in  which  ABTS students were trained to narrate the story of the Old Testament to their oral communities.
Chapter  two  continues  with  a  sampling  of  theologians,  biblical  scholars,  and Christian writers from throughout early church history. These sources are used to look at oral tradition and its significance in education from a historical and theological point of view. Four periods were considered: (1) the Old Testament period, especially the period of the Pentateuch; (2) the New Testament, especially during the time of Jesus’ ministry; (3) the early church; (4) the rabbinic period. At one stage in history, it is about reflecting on God’s faithfulness with His people; while, at another stage, oral tradition is revealing the mystery of the Kingdom of God. Oral tradition in the course of human history, within the
frame of the divine-human relationship, allows God’s mission to meet human response.
Chapter three explores the contemporary forms of storytelling and oral tradition both globally and locally. For this project, I will be using mixed-methods design, which involves  the  use  of  both  quantitative  and  qualitative  methods  in  a  single  study.  ABTS students were asked to narrate the story of the Old Testament to an oral group of people in which a paired-samples t-test was conducted to compare the test results of participants before they were subject to the narrative and after the story was narrated to them. The results of the test indicated a significant difference in the scores on the pre-test and on the post-test. Following this project, it was observed that learning occurred. Overall, the results revealed  that  the  narration  project  achieved  its  goal  of  teaching  the  story  of  the  Old Testament to oral communities.


title: Sermon Inc.

type: Text Dissertation/Thesis

contributor:
Smith, Danny (author)
(McMullin, Stephen) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

rights: The author grants permission to the University Librarian at Acadia University to reproduce, loan or distribute copies of my thesis in microform, paper or electronic formats on a non-profit basis. The author retains the copyright of the thesis.

subject: LE3 .A278 2019

abstract:
This thesis explores the implications of taking someone else’s sermon, with and without permission, removing it from the context it was intended for, and preaching it as one’s own. Most commonly in such discussions the interpersonal ethics are the focus. It is argued here, however, that the most important consideration when clergy preach someone else’s sermon is often overlooked, which is the Godward implications. The most serious crime of preaching someone else’s sermon is that it robs the preacher and the congregation of God’s unique word to them for their context. God desires to speak to his people and by preaching someone else’s sermon the preacher muffles or even mutes God’s voice.
In order to better understand how this issue affects evangelical churches in Atlantic Canada two surveys were conducted
among clergy and congregants. From these surveys it was discovered that clergy regularly do consult the sermons of others in their own sermon preparation, that the expectations of clergy and congregants concerning how long it should take to prepare a sermon differ, and finally that congregants care most about the quality of the sermon preached each Sunday rather than the process of how that sermon came in to being.
As a way to help both clergy and congregations recommit themselves to the task of Biblical preaching and become better informed of the implications of not giving the act of preaching the primacy and attention it deserves, a Preaching Covenant is proposed. This Preaching Covenant would both educate and help preachers and congregations work together towards enhancing the preaching ministry of the church.

abstract: Acadia Divinity College


title: Impact to historical logging and hydroelectric development on an upland river system, Nova Scotia, Canada: a paleolimnological perspective

contributor:
Godfrey, Adam (author)
(Spooner, Ian) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Mallory, Mark) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2018

abstract:
In Atlantic Canada, historical logging practices and watershed development for hydroelectric power generation has significantly altered flow dynamics, stream and sediment biogeochemistry, and seasonal discharge in forested upland rivers. In this study, the paleolimnological method was used to determine the immediate and legacy impacts of these practices on sedimentation rate, particle size, organic fraction, and bulk geochemistry, on a fluvial lake along the West
Branch of the Avon River, Nova Scotia.
Sediment cores were obtained in May of 2015 and either extruded and sliced on-site or frozen and split to reveal comparative stratigraphy.  Extruded sediment was analyzed by XRF, particle size analysis, and loss on ignition. Chronological constraints (210Pb and 14C) and stable isotope (13C and 15N) data were obtained by outside laboratories.
Quantitative data were analyzed in conjunction with historical records and local ecological accounts to create a chronology of disturbance in the area.
This research determined that:[1] fluvial lake sediments can provide an effective archive of watershed disturbance when
coupled with historical records; [2] historical logging produced significant short-term unconformities in the sediment record, increased allochthonous contaminant load, and altered redox chemistry; [3] damming decreased the clastic fraction and particle size of sediment, reduced system energy and dissolved oxygen, altered redox conditions, and initiated biological regime shifts; [4] concentrations of all metals, except lead, decreased post-damming, despite increased adsorbsion and complexation characteristics of the system, indicating a significant loss of geogenic input due to watershed reduction; and [5] the sedimentary strontium record seems to reflect logging and damming disruptions in anadromous fish visitation.

abstract: Biology


title: Ordovician ironstone of the Western Asturian-Leonese zone, Spain: coastal upwelling, Ocean anoxia and paleozoic biodiversity

contributor:
Squires, Alex (author)
(Pufahl, Peir K.) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2019

abstract:
Middle to Upper Ordovician ironstone and associated sedimentary rocks of the Western Asturian-Leonese Zone (WALZ),
Spain, provide new information regarding the paleoceanography of the Rheic Ocean and the Paleozoic Fe cycle. Examination of drill cores and outcrops indicates the southeastern margin of the Rheic Ocean was a dynamic continental shelf where upwelling of ferruginous seawater and storm currents controlledironstone deposition.
Parasequence composition and stacking relationships suggests iron deposition occurred in two distinct ironstone factories
during a rise in relative sea-level. Proximal parasequences coarsen-upwards through cross-stratified sandstones into a
granular hematite-rich ironstone capped by a flooding surface. Distal parasequences fine-upwards from silty ironstones to a bioturbated siltstone with rare reworked phosphatic beds bounded by a flooding surface.
These lithofacies associations support an emerging model for ironstone deposition where coastal upwelling delivered and stimulated the precipitation of Fe in shelf sediment. This notion provides further evidence for the development of persistent anoxic water masses in an Ordovician ocean that was near the threshold of becoming fully ventilated. New data suggest that small-scale regional extinction events punctuating the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event may be traced to these anoxic waters, which in addition to Fe were also enriched in biologically toxic trace elements. Precipitation of
upwelling-related ironstone may have helped sequester these trace elements, providing a negative feedback response to aid post-extinction recovery.

abstract: Earth & Environmental Sciences


title: A comparative study of some environmental factors affecting beaver colony site locations

contributor:
Tufts, Paul Daniel (author)
(Dodds, Donald) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 1967

abstract:
No abstract.
Biology


title: Altered environmental stressors and long-term effects on populations of common eider (Somateria mollissima) on Nova Scotia’s Eastern Shore

contributor:
Tomlik, Molly (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Mallory, Mark) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2019

abstract: Biology

abstract:
Colonial nesting common eiders (Somateria mollissima) are a culturally significant, broadly-distributed, harvested sea duck. They are particularly vulnerable to a variety of threats (e.g. predation, disease, overharvest, contaminants, commercial
fisheries), and some colonies in eastern North America and the Baltic Sea have experienced significant declines over the past few decades. In the Baltic Sea, some population declines have been attributed to low female survival caused by increased predation on the breeding grounds. In eastern Nova Scotia, monitoring has been undertaken at the Eastern Shore Islands Wildlife Management Area for the past four decades, and breeding surveys have indicated a decline in the number of nesting eiders since the 1990s, as well as reduced female survival (0.83 females, 0.92males). I used aerial imagery, habitat mapping and remote infrared cameras to evaluate whether habitat change and altered predation
pressure were contributing to these changes in local breeding populations. Results show a reduction in protective vegetative cover at nest sites, up to a 50% decline in the number of females attempting to breed, and a minimum mortality rate of 3% for incubating females. I also observed increased use of artificial nesting shelters and more stable or even increased breeding numbers on islands with shelters. These changes were coupled with increased and widespread exposure to both mammalian and avian predators, and suggest that eiders are responding to both mammalian and avian
predation pressure directly (mortality and/or decreased nesting attempts) and indirectly through altered nesting behaviour (site selection).


title: Does personality matter? Perceptions of introverts as general surgeons

contributor:
Luong, Victoria (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Petrie, Allison) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2019

abstract: Education

abstract: Few describe how medical trainees with different personalities succeed within the same specialties. Considering that surgeons are stereotypically dominant, aggressive, andextraverted, this study sought to explore how introverts experience, and are perceived in, surgical training and practice. Using constructivist grounded theory, we invited 16 general surgeons and residents to complete personality questionnaires and individual semi-structured interviews. An iterative coding process led to two patterns of responses. One group saw few differences in how introverts and extraverts experience surgical training. However, another thought that introverts appeared less assertive, confident, and decisive than extraverts; unless these trainees forced themselves to act more extraverted, participants thought this would interfere with patient care. The existence of two contrasting perceptions of surgical culture refines our understanding of how trainees are socialized in medicine. Students could benefit from reflecting on the challenges that come from pursuing specialties in which they don’t initially seem to “fit.”


title: Some problems on the game of Ambush Cops and Robbers

contributor:
Lacaze-Masmonteil, Alice (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Clarke, Nancy) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2019

abstract: Mathematics & Statistics

abstract: This thesis considers a variation of the game of Cops and Robber played on graphs.  In this variation, known as Ambush Cops and Robbers, the robber is given an accomplice with whom he can eliminate a cop under certain circumstances.  Our objective is to minimize the number of pursuers that can capture one of the robbers without losing one of their number.  Several classes of graphs are considered including outerplanargraphs,  chordal  graphs,  and  various  graph  products.   We  then  consider  the  game of  Ambush  Cops  and  Robbers  played  with  partial  information.   In  that  case,  the cop may only obtain information about the robbers’ positions on the graph through certain devices located on the elements of said graph.  The placement of these devices is incorporated in his winning strategy.  We seek to minimize the number of devices placed  on  the  graphs  without  compromising  the  cop’s  ability  to  safely  capture  a robber.


title: Animal passage project: monitoring small-bodied fishes movement through a culvert using traps, tags, and antennas

contributor:
Arany, Jillian (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Avery, Trevor) (Thesis advisor)
(Mockford, Steve) (Thesis advisor)
(Milton, Randy) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2019

abstract: Biology

abstract:
The construction of highways near or through fish habitat can potentially have an impact on local fish populations by obstructing movement. Culverts are regularly used around the world to facilitate fish movement. The main objective of this study (2013–2016) was to determine if small-bodied fishes moved through a culvert that was installed to provide passage following highway construction over a stream. Visual Implant Alpha (VI-Alpha) and Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT)
tags were used to tag Brook Trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, Creek Chub, Semotilus atromaculatus, Blacknose Dace, Rhinichthys atratulus, and White Sucker, Catostomus commersonii. Traditional trapping methods (eel and minnow traps) and antennas
(antenna arrays and backpack reader) were used to analyze fish recaptures and movement. PIT tags were effective; a 69.8%
recapture rate. Fishes were most often recaptured once using eel and minnow traps, but some individuals were detected more often using antennas. Antenna arrays had a total of 27,560 hits but only detected Blacknose Dace and White Sucker. The backpack reader had a total of 53 detections and was successful in detecting Blacknose Dace, Creek Chub, and White Sucker. Fishes caught in eel or minnow traps crossed through the culvert a maximum of 7 times; however, antenna arrays
detected up to 71 crossings by Blacknose Dace. The findings of this study have the potential to improve transportation planning by providing necessary information on small-bodied fishes movement and use of monitoring methods.


title: Cultivating  prayer as a priority for immigrant Chinese pastors in Canada: a pilot study on a tridimensional prayer practice

contributor:
Chan, Joey (author)
(McNally, John) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2019

abstract:
This thesis explores the quintessential role of prayer in the lives of God’s people with biblical and theological perspectives, aiming to help immigrant Chinese pastors in Canada to see the necessity of prayer for their holy living, though sojourning in a foreign country.
As  prayer  is  a  necessity  for  God’s  people,  this  thesis  also  explores  some  typical spiritual  disciplines  for  Christian  formation,  especially  cultivating  prayer  life.    A  three-dimensional prayer practice, namely the “3-2-1 Prayer Cell”, designed by the researcher, is  introduced  to  the  immigrant  Chinese  pastors  in  Canada,  aiming  to  encourage  them  to
cultivate prayer as a priority in the blessings of the Triune God and in three dimensions: to  grow  in  God’s  community  of  love  through  communal  prayer,  to  listen  to  the  Holy Spirit  through  spiritual  direction  in  His  fellowship  and  to  abide  in  the  Word  of  grace through Scripture meditation in silence and solitude.
  A pilot research study has been conducted to evaluate the impact of the practice of the “3-2-1 Prayer Cell” on prayers.  The findings show some evidence hat the practice of the “3-2-1 Prayer Cell” is helpful for prayers to cultivate prayer as a priority in their personal  lives  as w ell  as  in  church  ministry.    They  support  the  consideration  to  further study  with  a  larger  scale  and  improved  research  instruments  for  a  more  accurate evaluation.

abstract: Acadia Divinity College


title: Fractured interests: Assessing the CFS/CASA rivalry

contributor:
Waugh, Jeffrey D. (author)
(Stewart, Ian) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: Currently, there are two national student organizations operating the federal level in Canada. Although both the Canadian Alliance of Student Associations (CASA) and the Canadian Federation of Students (CFS) claim to represent the interests of students, they often disagree on the proper way to maximize that interest. Since CASA was founded as a reaction to CFS in the mid-1990s, the two organizations have often competed for members, government ear and public opinion. This thesis seeks to explain the rivalry between two groups representing the same clients. Essentially, the answer boils down to two overarching factors. First, CFS and CASA advance different operationalizations of the student interest. To simplify, CFS has broader lobbying goals, which, at times, includes social justice issues. CASA criticizes this approach, calling for pragmatic policy objectives, fulfilled through a corporatist lobbying paradigm. Second, both CASA and CFS put a premium on the survival of their organizations. These organizational interests help perpetuate their simultaneous existence. These circumstances lead to the conclusion that, for the foreseeable future, the rivalry between CASA and CFS will continue.

abstract: Politics


title: Searching on graphs

contributor:
McCorquodale, Megan Elizabeth (author)
(Clarke, Nancy) (Thesis advisor)
(Mendivil, Franklin) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: Many real world problems can be modeled with graphs. This thesis examines two  dierent areas of graph searching: the game of Cops and Robber with visibility con-  straints and search strategies for nding a specied node on a graph.  The game of Cops and Robber is fully characterized in the classic case with one  cop. After a brief introduction to the game, this thesis looks at the eects of imposing  visibility constraints on copwin graphs, specically the case of 2-visibility. Examples  of copwin graphs under 2-visibility, as well as relationships between visibility con-  straints and graph size for trees and grids are presented.  The third chapter of the thesis deals with the problem of searching for a sta-  tionary target on a graph with a visibility of 1. This could be useful when dealing  with optimization problems which can be modeled by searching a graph structure. A  strategy is outlined for nding a minimal walk which guarantees nding the desired  vertex. This strategy rst nds a maximally leafy spanning tree for the graph, then  prunes the leaves and nds a minimal walk on the remaining subgraph. Preliminary  code for implementing this strategy is given in the appendices.

abstract: Mathematics & Statistics


title: Perceptions of weight and health, weight history, and barriers and motivations for weight loss

contributor:
Sheehan, Hannah E. (author)
(Johnston, Elizabeth) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: The 2004 Canadian Community Health Survey indicated that 23.1% of Canadians were obese which is a 35% increase since the Canadian Heart Health Surveys (1986-92). The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions, barriers, and motivators to weight loss to obtain an understanding of why weight loss attempts have been unsuccessful. Individuals ≥ 18 years of age with a BMI ≥25 kg/m2 were recruited from the community to participate in a semi-structured telephone interview examining perceptions of weight and health, weight history, and barriers and motivators associated with weight loss. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded to identify common themes. Twenty subjects (mean BMI=31.76±7.23 kg/m2) were interviewed. Based on their own height and weight, 35% misidentified their weight as healthy. Seventy-five percent identified an overweight or obese male figure as healthy, while 65% did this for a female figure. Participants reported that the fundamentals of health included weight (65%), activity (55%), and diet (45%). Subjects attributed their weight to a sedentary lifestyle (50%), snacking (40%), and family habits (25%). Perceived barriers to healthy eating included cost (50%), a lack of time (50%), and comfort eating (45%). Participants found that they did not have enough time for physical activity (35%) or that they experienced pain while being active (20%). Weight loss attempts were inhibited by a lack of motivation (50%), illness (30%), and stress (25%). Subjects felt motivated to eat healthy and be active when they saw results (50%) and started to feel better (35%). This study provides insight into the barriers, motivators and other factors affecting weight loss in an overweight Canadian community. These findings may be helpful in the creation of more successful weight loss strategies.

abstract: Nutrition & Dietetics


title: Photophysical study of mono - and dinuclear ruthenium (II) complexes for use in photodynamic therapy

contributor:
Parrish, Adam W. (author)
(McFarland, Sherri) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: Artificial nucleases based on ruthenium (II) coordination complexes show promise as agents in photodynamic therapy (PDT).  Advantages of PDT are two.fold:  (a) toxicity of the agent is localized, and (b) there is essentially no peripheral thermal damage.  The optimal PDT agent elicits direct double-strand scission when excited in the phototherapeutic window [2].  To date, no satisfactory pre.clinical or clinical agent has been reported. To identify and understand possible DNA cleavage pathways of the agents, photophysical and photochemical parameters are critical. Using absorbance, steady.state luminescence, and time.resolved luminescence spectroscopies, photophysical parameters, specifically the quantum yield, and the luminescent lifetime, of ruthenium (II) based complexes are established under three conditions:  (a) room temperature in air, (b) thirty.minute argon.purge at room temperature, and (c) 50:50 (v:v) methanol:ethanol glass at 77 K.  Energy transfer to oxygen from a molecule.s triplet excited state(s) is measured as emission from cytotoxic singlet oxygen.  Complexes 6 . 10 demonstrated high singlet oxygen quantum yields, up to 94%.  Malignant and drug.resistant tumours often incorporate hypoxic tissue [1], rendering damage by singlet oxygen an ineffective treatment.  Emission from two states, ligand.centered (LC) and metal.to.ligand charge transfer (MLCT), was measured for complexes 6 . 10.  Emission structure and energy indicated the LC emission emanated from a pyrene moiety.  Non.radiative processes dominate the photophysics of Ru (II) complexes 1 . 10, illustrating that fast and efficient coupling to the ground state controls excited state dynamics of these molecules.

abstract: Chemistry


title: Which face do you put on Facebook?: Missed opportunities to gain social capital on Facebook

contributor:
Parmelee, Dana C. (author)
(Thomson, Tony) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: Social networking websites have become an increasingly popular means  for communication over the past few years. The purpose of these types of  websites is to “use [these] networks to make friends, dates, and business  connections” (Boyd and Donath 2004:71). Facebook.com, the most popular  among these websites, is open to the public and allows users to connect with both  offline and online acquaintances. Given the possibility to construct an identity by  profile building and communicating with others through this website, this thesis  focuses on whether or not there is tangible social capital to be gained through the  use of Facebook or whether Facebook can be seen as a missed opportunity to gain  social capital.  After presenting a review of the relevant literature on this topic, this thesis  will analyze Facebook based on themes such as the construction of the self in  Facebook profiles, the upkeep of offline relationships in online communities, the  fostering of new relationships in online communities, opportunities to gain social  capital on social networking websites, impression management on Facebook, and  privacy settings on Facebook.

abstract: Sociology


title: Perceived control of self-evaluation, cognitive adaptation, and mental health

contributor:
Wood, Nathaniel (author)
(Horvath, Peter) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: Instability of self-worth (Roberts & Kassel, 1997), as well as contingent self-esteem (Crocker, 2002), have both been considered as vulnerabilities for depressive symptoms. Such vulnerabilities have been linked to motivational orientations such as validation seeking. Cognitive adaptation theory (Taylor, 1983), however, has highlighted that individuals can resist instability of and sharp drops to self-worth by enacting various motivational and cognitive strategies. To further investigate the processes through which mood disorders occur, the present study investigated whether or not the constructs of perception of control over self-worth or self-determination (Deci & Ryan, 2000) mediated the effects of selected motivational orientations including cognitive adaptation and validation seeking on affect and depressive symptoms. Results of hierarchical regression analyses revealed the presence of mediation effects between the selected motivational orientations and positive as well as negative mental health outcomes.

abstract: Psychology


title: Small potatoes: Acting productively against the dominant agricultural paradigm

contributor:
Redfield, Alexander S. (author)
(Biro, Andrew) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: The replacement of nature with industry in the food production calculus has led to the entrenchment of a dangerous, but seemingly entrenched entity that is the industrial agricultural paradigm. With an ever.growing discourse on the social, economic, and ecological dangers of the contemporary preference of agribusiness over agriculture, a general consensus on the need for change to the agricultural paradigm is emerging. But how do you act against such a pervasive entity that is industrial agriculture? How can such a dominant knowledge be challenged from within? This thesis revisits the formulation of the problem; first employing the tools of political ecology to develop a richer context for the development of the industrial agricultural tatus quo and second using the .hows. of Actor Network Theory to emancipate the activist from the paralysis of the initial paradox. An investigation into the Black Panthers. Free Breakfast for Children Program of the 1960s and the Acadia Community Farm in 208 Wolfville, Nova Scotia reveals that through focusing on the socioecological foundations of the relations between human, nature, food, agriculture and change, local action becomes the most effective tactic against the falsely global systems of agripolitical violence.

abstract: Politics


title: A sensory evaluation of pork quality from hogs finished on an organic apple diet

contributor:
MacLean, Laura (author)
(Duizer, Lisa) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: Grazing hogs in organic apple orchards has been shown to help control grass density and weed problems, and they will also consume the wind-fall apples in the orchard. Although anecdotal testimony has claimed there to be an improvement in the quality of pork from pigs that have been fed apples, no feeding trials have been performed to investigate this claim. This research was carried out to determine the effect of an organic apple diet on the sensory properties of pork (as determined by a trained panel) as well as the liking of the meat by pork consumers. Eleven individuals participated on the trained panel, and they were taught to evaluate pork samples based on pork odour, pork flavour, sweet taste, salty taste, juiciness, tenderness, fibrousness, and aftertaste. The statistical analysis took into account the diet and the location where the pigs were raised (the pigs were raised in two different locations). Pigs raised in Scotsburn were found to have a greater pork odour, and pigs fed apples were found to be more fibrous than those fed solely conventional feed, particularly the pigs that were fed apples and that were also raised in Nappan. However, although statistically significant, the differences in sensory quality between pigs fed the two diets and raised in the two locations was not great. The consumer test that was carried out (n = 60) also found that there was no significant differences between pigs fed apples and those fed regular feed in regards to liking of flavour, tenderness, juiciness, or overall flavour. Correlations were performed between the attributes assessed by the trained panel and the consumer scores for liking, and there were no significant relationships found between any of the characteristics. Instrumental measurements were taken on pork samples from both diet groups from both locations, and the only significant difference was found to exist between pigs raised in the two  xii  locations, with pork from Scotsburn being more cohesive than that from Nappan. In general, the sensory properties of pigs raised on a diet of organic apples are comparable to those of pigs fed conventional feed.

abstract: Nutrition & Dietetics


title: Mitochondrial DNA variation of striped bass (Morone saxatilis Walbaum, 1792) in the Minas Basin

contributor:
Vaudry, Karen Anne (author)
(Dadswell, Michael) (Thesis advisor)
(Redden, Anna) (Thesis advisor)
(Stewart, Donald) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: Striped bass (Morone saxatilis) are important in both sport and commercial fisheries but they have recently been listed as a threatened species in the Bay of Fundy, as advised by COSEWIC. Currently the Shubenacadie River is the only known breeding population of striped bass in the Minas Basin. Most striped bass populations are known to be highly migratory with a range extending along the Atlantic coast from the St. Lawrence Estuary to Florida. Previous tagging studies indicated a mix of local and migratory stocks from throughout the range of striped bass, leading to an aggregated population in Minas Basin during summer. In the present study, mitochondrial DNA analysis was used to characterize the native Shubenacadie River spawning population for comparison with bass captured in the Minas Basin during the summer of 2008. Bass were sampled from three different regions in the Minas Basin; the Shubenacadie River, Five Islands and the Southern Bight during the summer of 2008. The mitochondrial control region was amplified and sequenced, allowing comparison of variation between both region-specific samples and individual fish. Variation among individual sequences was suggestive of aggregation of multiple stocks of striped bass. A total of six haplotypes were observed. Haplotype occurrence indicated the Five Islands group differed considerably from fish sampled at other sites. Further sequence comparison is necessary to clarify among stocks. It will also provide a better understanding of the stock make up of the Minas Basin summer population and aid in long term prediction of possible impact of the tidal power development. Genetic information complements ongoing research into striped bass migration patterns using conventional tagging methods.

abstract: Biology


title: Cultural influences on multimodal time perception

contributor:
Solomon, Joanna (author)
(Brodeur, Darlene) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: The present study explored the effects of sensory modality, culture, and stimulus complexity on time perception. Simple shapes, pure tones, complex pictures, and natural sounds were presented individually or in congruent pairs for durations ranging from 300 to 900 ms. Thirty-nine undergraduates from two cultures, East Asian and North American, were asked to make relative duration judgements. It was hypothesized that Asians would use contextual information and show integration for the complex cross-modal condition, while North Americans would not integrate information and instead would rely on auditory information alone. A temporal bisection task was used to assess timing sensitivity. Results were understood within the Scalar Timing Theory. Consistent with previous research, visual stimuli were judged as shorter than auditory stimuli. Although culture hypotheses were not met, there was a significant interaction between Modality, Complexity, and Duration in which complex conditions and the simple visual condition were significantly different than simple auditory and cross-modal conditions.

abstract: Psychology


title: Women's empowerment as a goal in development: How the needs of donor agencies trump the needs of the world's women

contributor:
Sinclair-Waters, Brynne (author)
(Brickner, Rachel) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: The empowerment of women has become a popular goal in development. The ability of  development organizations to empower women, however, has been impeded by a  continued focus on measurement. Quantitative measurement of empowerment project  results is a requirement for most organizations if they wish to receive funding. This kind  of measurement has negative implications because it mistakenly focuses on universal  outcomes and is unable to capture the process or its context-specific nature. This  approach leads to reductionist measurement which can distort the original goal of  women’s empowerment. Organizations are too often forced to make fundability their first  priority at the expense of a focus on women’s empowerment. This dominant approach is  illustrated by UNICEFs approach to operationalizing empowerment which involves a  focus on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the measurable targets  associated with them. The Green Belt Movement (GBM) in Kenya represents an  alternative to the dominant approach of measuring women’s empowerment, although  recently, even the GBM has been forced to shift its path due to funding concerns. This  paper explains how women’s empowerment is being trumped by the conditions imposed  by donor agencies.

abstract: Politics


title: On a wing and a prayer: How religion affects volunteering and charitable giving in Canada

contributor:
Sanford, Melody D (author)
(Rippeyoung, Phyllis) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: The Western world as we know it is riding on a wing and a prayer as talk of a recession looms. Canada‟s financial state is troubling and often in situations such as this volunteering and charitable donations are relied on in an attempt to perpetuate normality in a sinking world. With generosity or philanthropy being such an important part of Canada, it is necessary to examine where these resources are coming from and why certain individuals are more likely to give communal support. Religious groups and religious people have been identified as a primary group of volunteers and financial supporters to charities. This paper will explore whether or not religious people demonstrate higher levels of giving and volunteering than the general public in Canada today and why. Previous research has concluded that religious individuals are more philanthropic than non-religious people, but there is some controversy as to how this difference may be explained. Social ties and religiosity are the two primary reasons given in the literature as to why religious people are more philanthropic than non-religious people.  This study finds that religious people do give more charitably than non-religious people, but that there is no significant difference between the volunteer rates of these two groups. It also finds that of the charitable donations made by religious people a large portion of them go to religious groups. The factor that was found to help explain why religious people give more was religious teachings.

abstract: Sociology


title: Evidence-based programming: An examination of the accreditation process for substance abuse programming in Canada’s federal correctional institutions

contributor:
Houston, Anne E. (author)
(Kitchin, Heather) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: This thesis examines the accreditation process for substance abuse programming in Canada’s federal correctional institutions. It identifies the link between substance abuse and crime, and analyzes how, over the past twenty to twenty five years, the Canadian government, through programming, has addressed the needs of federally incarcerated offenders with substance abuse problems. The thesis notes the differences between male and female pathways to crime, and their differing programming needs. It assesses the substance abuse programs offered prior to, and since accreditation, and seeks to decipher the programs’ effectiveness in reducing recidivism rates among offenders. Using Andrews and Bonta’s (2003) core principles for effective offender programming, the cost perspective, and statistics regarding recidivism rates, this thesis concludes that substance abuse programming for federally incarcerated offenders is, indeed, beneficial.

abstract: Sociology


title: A movement of motherhood: The creation of the Madres de Plaza de Mayo.

contributor:
Jarrett-MacKillop, Jessica J. (author)
(Brittain, James) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3.A278 2009

abstract: The history of feminism in Argentina, as in Latin America, has more  often than not been invisible, not due to the lack of its presence, but more so due  to the conscious or unconscious refusal to acknowledge its presence.  Historically, many rural women in Argentina have avoided upper- class and  foreign “ feminist” activity in the country. The elitist structure and the foreign  and economically unattainable studies of feminism in the 1800s and 1900s  helped to perpetuate the division of Argentine women. The women involved in  the Madres de Plaza de Mayo movement had grown up when the term feminism  was mostly tied to philanthropic causes or radical foreign ideologies ( Mercer,  1998). Women in Argentina, and throughout the world have been taught the role  of being a submissive domestic mother. It was often the responsibility of the  domestic sphere that pushed many women into political activity in order to  survive. However, in 1976 a military dictatorship took power in Argentina and  created an environment of unmitigated state terror, where hopes to oppose the  government were limited.  After the coup the military leader, Rafael Vidella ( 1976- 1981), continued  his promotion of capitalist and economic structuring, most notably with financial  funding from the International Monetary Fund ( IMF) and the World Bank  ( Swedberg, 1986). Vidella felt that the state must crack down on “ subversives”  who refused to fall in line with Western Christian ideals. Propaganda campaigns  were soon prompted to promote the home and church as important aspects of  creating and maintaining civil peace. Subsequently, as Argentine women were  6  charged with the private and domestic sphere of life, they were delegated the  promoters of and for a peaceful society. However, the military, while publically  promoting the family and motherhood, privately intended to destroy it through a  systematic process of National Reorganization. In six years, the military  abducted, tortured, murdered and or disappeared 30,000 Argentineans ( Arditti,  1999). Following a mounting national and international outcry against massive  human rights abuses, the military regime that took power in 1976 soon  collapsed. One movement emerged after the coup that became synonymous with  bringing attention to the mass slaughter and torture occurring in Argentina at the  hands of the state. Made up of mothers and relatives of the disappeared, the  Madres de Plaza de Mayo challenged the government on the basis of their moral  authority as mothers yet they proclaimed themselves as apolitical. How the  mothers were able to emerge in such a repressive state is what I hope to focus on  by looking at theories related to social movements – specifically resource  mobilization theory and political opportunity structure. I will also examine the  Madres own account of their inception while touching upon the history of  Argentine feminism and the socialization of women in this Latin American  country.  My interest in the Madres came about from examining social movements  throughout the Americas. North America, more specifically Canada, is perceived  to have a ‘ democratic’ state and the freedom of speech. It would seem then more  likely that social movements would occur in great numbers in such an  environment. Yet Latin America, which has suffered centuries of colonialism  7  and imperialism, has had a string of violent and brutal dictators but has  witnessed considerable social movements. Rights and freedoms have been  crushed under these dictators who often evoke state terror ( through mass  slaughter and torture) to control the population. In such a repressive  environment, one might think social movements have little to no ability to be  sustained, let alone created. However, the opposite is true for both North  America and Latin America. This is arguably due to many differences in not  only history but also economic, political, and social conditions. Without delving  too deeply into these differences, it was the awe- inspiring acts of deviance and  courage on the part of many Latin Americans that captured me. In 2009 North  Americans, compared to other countries have relative physical safety in  questioning power structures. A long list of issues related to marginalization  ( women, First Nations, people of color, gays and lesbians) are rarely given  national media attention in Canada or the United States. Thus creates the illusion  that social groups or movements rarely question these issues or that these issues  are not important. In Latin America - where your life or the life of your loved  ones can be the price you pay for questioning power structures- oppositional  groups struggle for legitimacy and survival. It is my profound respect for social  movements in Latin America that drew me to the study of radical social change  in a variety of countries. However, the Madres de Plaza de Mayo sparked my  interest the most. Here was a group of middle- aged mothers who questioned  systematic state repression and violence. They had contradicted resource-mobilization  theory in their creation and yet somehow were able to draw  8  international attention to their movement. Lacking any political or feminist  inclinations, a group of women challenged a strong and violent military system.  In order to understand how this was possible, I had to examine the theories and  actions that helped bring Vidella to power, what shaped many women in  Argentina’s lot in life, and theories behind social movements in repressive  states. I lacked the ability to go beyond secondary sources for my thesis, so I  relied heavily on books and articles related to the Madres, Latin American social  movements and feminism.  Marxist and feminist theory can be employed to explain the situation in  Argentina as the military took power. A capitalist ideology was fully  implemented in Argentina with the help of foreign powers, most notably the  IMF and the Untied States government ( Pion- Berlin, 1989). As I discuss in  Chapter two, Vidella’s junta, subscribed to ideals dictated by Western powers. It  was through these that Vidella began his process of National Reorganization.  Subversives were soon seen as anyone who did not prescribe to these  predominately Western and Christian morals. To maintain civil order in  Argentina Vidella subscribed to state terror. Chapter two will also discuss the  history and the varying ideologies of feminism in Argentina and the position of  women since Spanish conquest. Women were bound to domestic responsibility  even when participating, invisibly and unequally, in the work force. The lack of  positive and equal political, economic, and social opportunities for women  helped sustain their place in the home. Understanding the theoretical  9  environment from which the Vidella junta and the Madres arose helps explain  somewhat the abilities of the Madres to remain relevant.  In Chapter three I examine the actions of the junta in order to understand  the grave terror they created amongst the Argentine population. Vidella created a  security apparatus that extended from the highest in power to the lowest  ( Wright, 2007). The structure of the Argentine military, as with many militaries  around the world facilitated the creation of unquestioning soldiers who carried  out horrifying violence. Through propaganda and their ‘ secret’ involvement in  disappearances of countless Argentines the junta hoped to maintain power and  the political economic interests of foreign partners.  Chapter four examines the Madres straightforward questioning of the  junta’s public image and their private actions that resulted in a backlash the  military had not expected. How the Madres were able to question the junta  ( while enduring state violence and terror as many of their members and  supporters were disappeared) is greatly linked to the junta’s own mistakes, the  movements position as mothers, and their apolitical demands. Their lack of  available resources, which can help create and sustain a social movement in a  repressive state, did not hinder them because of the political opportunity the  junta provided. As a result of the states use of propaganda, the mothers exposure  and status of moral authority was raised which provided some legitimacy to their  movements as they began to look for their disappeared children. As the junta  was unable to provide valid answers or support to the mothers, the Madres and  members in Argentine society were forced to question the state. The loss of their  10  children pushed the self- proclaimed, politically unaware Madres into the public  sphere because the private had become public.

abstract: Sociology


title: Sentencing guidelines in law

contributor:
Ferm, Jacob L. (author)
(Ramsay, Marc) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: In this thesis I will examine the logical implications of using sentencing  guidelines to design punishments. In the first chapter on the thesis I will debate as to the  true purpose of punishment. I will contrast two of the leading theories of punishment  ( retributivism and utilitarianism) to expose strengths and weaknesses. I will decide upon  a system of punishment that uses retributivism as a maximum punishment, but only  punishes for utilitarian benefit. In the second chapter I will look at reasons for and  against using sentencing guidelines when delivering punishments. I will use my model  found in chapter 1 to help decide what outcomes of punishment are desirable. I will  come to the conclusion that a maximum punishment guideline may be allowed, but there  are too many variables to make minimum sentencing guidelines mandatory. In the third  chapter I will look at the case of Robert W. Latimer v. Her Majesty the Queen in order to  see how mandatory minimum sentencing laws apply in a real setting. I will come to the  conclusion that the mandatory minimum sentencing laws became a hindrance to justice.

abstract: Philosophy


title: Satirizing social issues in the name of Family guy: Exploring TV's impact on young viewers

contributor:
Awalt, Amelia D. (author)
(Thomson, Tony) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: It is arguable, when considering social problems and ways in which social awareness occurs, that satire is not always a useful strategy for acknowledging and encouraging awareness of social issues, especially among young viewers whose critical and analytical skills may not be fully developed. Very little research has specifically explored the level of awareness of and stance on social problems that youth may have as a result of the media they mundanely encounter. The purpose of this study was to use the animated TV series, Family Guy, to understand the type and nature of the satirical content that is presented in animated comedies and provide insight into how this content may affect young viewers. A content analysis of ten randomly selected episodes of Family Guy was employed. The episodes were coded according to content that may be defined as objectionable, such as being derogatory to an identifiable group or demonstrating sexual harassment. The most common form of content coded involved the denigration of women. In addition, I conducted a focus group to gain additional insights into the issue of social apathy among youth in relation to the satirical content found in Family Guy. Members questioned whether young teens and pre- teens would be able to place the satire in context and understand the social nature of the issues being presented. Further research should be conducted with adolescent participants to apply the theoretical speculations of this study to determine whether or not social apathy could be measured and is related to watching social issues satirized in television shows.

abstract: Sociology


title: Closing the distance: Technologies of control in capitalism and war

contributor:
Steingass, Jana (author)
(Whitehall, Geoffrey) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3.A278 2009

abstract: The logic of representation has fallen into crisis in modern International Relations.  In response to this crisis, I argue that digital technologies have enabled the logic of  representation to be applied in a new form of governance called “ control.” I define control  as the ability to manage and effect change. Through control, the logic of representation  has moved into de- centralized spaces of performance. Control has manifested itself in  both military and capitalist strategies, attempting to manage this crisis by recapturing  them within a renewed logic of representation. I argue that the link between corporate  capitalist and military strategy has been strengthened under the logic of control. This link  merges the production, representation and execution of war through the use of similar  technologies. A key implication, I conclude, is that the experience of war is being  replaced by the representation of war and as such violence is rendered aesthetic.

abstract: Politics


title: Stolen innocence: An examination of child prostitution in Thailand

contributor:
MacDonald, Shannon (author)
(Brittain, James) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: This research examines child prostitution in Thailand focusing on how Thailand‟ s unique cultural, economic, political, religious and social conditions make it such an ideal environment for the ongoing sexual exploitation of children. This thesis seeks to provide an account of the deep- seeded history and modern continuity of prostitution in Thailand, while highlighting the underlying factors of why and how children became prominent figures in the industry. The method used for this Research was a rethinking of existing literature. This thesis argues that the introduction of globalization in Thailand, plus the nation‟ s existing societal acceptance of prostitution, coupled with the influence of Theravada Buddhism and the state‟ s restructuring of development programs all had disastrous effects on the country. Theravada Buddhism plays a strong role in the lives of many in Thailand, and one of its central teachings is that children must make merit for their next life and show gratitude towards their parents by providing for them financially. Daughters especially are expected to support their parents and prior to the advent of capitalism, they had been able to use the family‟ s farmland to do so. The effects that the land reform programs had on Thailand‟ s agricultural north will be examined very closely. This Research will argue that it was the confiscation of farmland, coupled with certain doctrines of Theravada Buddhism that led many young girls to turn to prostitution as a way to fulfill their filial duties.

abstract: Sociology


title: The Eassons: Family, culture, and community

contributor:
Gouthro, Patrick James (author)
(Moody, Barry) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: When the young Scottish master artificer John Easson migrated to Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia, in 1734 to begin a career in imperial service at that lonely, colonial outpost, he also began the process by which he would found one of the first English families in what became the modern day country of Canada. In doing so, John Easson also created, established, and shaped a family culture defined by an entrepreneurial tradition, maintained strong religious convictions, commitment to education, and, interestingly enough, an aversion to civic duty and public service. Through the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries and over successive generations of the Easson family, this distinctive family and family culture demonstrated a remarkable persistence.  Utilizing primarily the Easson family fonds, a collection of colonial- era family documents significant for their quantity and quality, this family study utilizes the concepts of folkways, as envisioned by David Hackett Fischer, in an examination of the evolution of family structure, the demarcation of power, roles and responsibilities, as well as the function of eighteenth and nineteenth century colonial family, and the complex network of interconnections between family and society.

abstract: History & Classics


title: Rural to urban migration: The case of Mexico City in comparison to other megacities

contributor:
Black, Steve J. (author)
(Sacouman, Jim) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3.A278 2009

abstract: The central argument of this thesis is two- fold: 1) rural to urban migration is a global  demographic trend occurring at a greater rate than ever before in history. In developing  countries especially, economic and state factors are contributing to those living in rural  settings to migrate to urban areas; and 2) that despite this influx of peasants from rural to  urban areas, self- emancipation of the impoverished class has proven to be possible  through collective organization and mobilization.  In understanding the factors that “ force” migration upon peasants in developing  countries, economic, military and political factors are examined. In understanding the  potential for self- emancipation of the impoverished class in developing countries, Mike  Davis‟ Planet of Slums ( 2005) is examined and then discussed.

abstract: Sociology


title: The tragic portrait of Xerxes in Aeschylus and Herodotus

contributor:
Megaffin, Danielle Victoria (author)
(Provencal, Vernon) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2010

abstract: This thesis examines the tragic portrait of Xerxes found in Aeschylus‟ play Persians and the Xerxes in Herodotus‟ Histories. To better understand how the Western portrait of Xerxes developed into a stereotypical barbarian ruler, we must consider all the major ancient sources in which he played a role. It will first consider the primary evidence of the archaeological remains of ancient Persian civilization in the Near East which raises the question: what do we know of this real Xerxes and how much of him is to be found in Western antiquity. In Chapter Two, this question is partially answered by a consideration of the earliest appearance in the literary evidence of the Western tradition: the Xerxes of Aeschylus‟ Persians, a play which dramatizes the retreat of Xerxes back into Asia after he failed to subject Greece to his empire. Chapter Three examines the Xerxes of Herodotus and finds that both Western portraits ( the Aeschylean and the Herodotean) depict him as a tragic figure corrupted by the imperialist nomos of Persia. These tragic portraits of Xerxes were used as warnings to the Greeks in the 5th century BCE.

abstract: History & Classics


title: Host-seeking behaviour of Culex territans mosquitoes parasitized with Hepatozoon clamatae

contributor:
Ferguson, Laura V. (author)
(Smith, Todd) (Thesis advisor)
(Hillier, Kirk) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2010

abstract: Animals infected with parasites often display abnormal behaviour that may be a product of the influence of the parasite over the host. Modifying host behaviour may benefit the parasite by increasing transmission success. Trophically transmitted parasites may benefit from reducing host activity during parasite development so as to avoid being consumed prematurely. Conversely, it may be beneficial for the parasite to induce an increase in host activity to attract predators once the parasite is transmissible. Hepatozoon clamatae is a trophically transmitted, apicomplexan blood parasite that passes between the definitive host, the mosquito, Culex territans, and the intermediate host, the green frog, Rana clamitans. We tested whether, during the 30 day development period, H. clamatae inhibits mosquito host- seeking behaviour, presumably so that mosquitoes avoid being eaten before parasites are mature. We also tested whether, once the parasite has matured, H. clamatae modifies the host- seeking behaviour of the mosquito, presumably so that infected mosquitoes become more conspicuous to the frog. Observations of the behaviour of infected mosquitoes in the presence of uninfected green frogs during parasite development and at parasite maturity suggest parasite manipulation of behaviour is not occurring. However, inhibition of host- seeking behaviour due to egg retention in both infected and uninfected mosquitoes may not allow a true interpretation of this host- parasite relationship.

abstract: Biology


title: Optimizing the use of the EcoPlate to achieve the most consistent results when characterizing the microbial content of riparian area soils

contributor: (Bondrup-Nielsen, Soren) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2010

abstract: Documentation of the differences in the soil microbial communities of riparian  areas near Grafton, Nova Scotia is part of a larger study on biodiversity in an agricultural  landscape. The BIOLOG EcoPlate ™ was elected for use in this study, as it considers  microbial communities as functional units characterized by their total metabolic activity,  thus generating Community Level Physiological Profiling ( CLPP), a term coined by J.  Garland & Mills in 1991. Because CLPP measures the potential microbial diversity of  soil communities it gives insight into the biodiversity of microorganism populations  within soil samples. The EcoPlate ™ contains three replicates of an array of 31 common  carbon source compounds and one water- only control well. EcoPlate ™ results have been  criticized because of variation between inner- plate replicate results. In order to increase  the reproducibility of EcoPlate ™ results various protocols for preparing the EcoPlate ™  inoculum were tested. The variation within these microbial populations in regards to soil  depth, temporal change and variation within the riparian zone were also tested. My  results and previously published data suggest that the most effective and consistent  protocol for preparing the inoculum is to suspend 5 grams of crushed, dry soil in 45  grams of sterile 0.85% NaCl solution, then vortex this mixture for 3 minutes before  centrifugation at 1150 RPM for 5 minutes at 20 º C and diluting the inoculum ten- fold  prior to its use.

abstract: Biology


title: Petrology of the Hemlock Hill gneiss, Meguma terrane, Nova Scotia

contributor:
Doucette, Vincent J. (author)
(Barr, Sandra) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2010

abstract: A gneissic inlier approximately 5 km by 1.75 km is located around Hemlock Hill in the Meguma terrane approximately 13 km south of Windsor, Nova Scotia. Two smaller ( 1 km by 0.2 km) gneissic inliers occur approximately 6 km southeast of the main unit. Ambiguity as to the petrology, age, and provenance of the Hemlock Hill gneiss had led to previous speculation that it may be older than other units in the Meguma terrane and might represent the basement that underlies the terrane. To investigate this possibility, geological mapping was conducted in the gneiss and surrounding units, which resulted in a better understanding of extent and contact relationships of the gneiss, and its internal structure. Petrographic studies of samples collected from the gneiss revealed contact metamorphic mineral assemblages that fall within hornblende hornfels and pyroxene hornfels facies. Metamorphic mineral assemblages and compositions indicate that contact metamorphism at maximum P- T conditions of 645° C and ca. 0.2 GPa produced cordierite, andalusite, and sillimanite and overprinted regional low- grade metamorphism. Relict bedding and foliation in the gneiss are generally parallel. The geologic structural features of the Hemlock Hill gneiss are concordant with those in the Cambrian- Ordovician Goldenville and Halifax groups, and lithological characteristics of the gneiss indicate its stratigraphic position is in the Government Point Formation of the Goldenville Group, ruling out speculation that it is Meguma terrane basement. The Hemlock Hill gneiss is likely to be a roof pendant of the Goldenville Group in the South Mountain Batholith, whereas the smaller gneissic outliers are large rafts.

abstract: Earth & Environmental Sciences


title: Attachment and feeding locations of ectoparasites on Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus Mitchill, 1814) in Minas Basin

contributor:
Munroe, Samantha E.M. (author)
(Dadswell, Michael) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2010

abstract: The Atlantic sturgeon is found along the North American Atlantic coast from Labrador to Florida. Sturgeon are long- lived, late- maturing, and infrequently- spawning and as a result overfishing has depleted some Canadian and American populations. Little is known about the ectoparasites found on Atlantic sturgeon or other fish species in Minas Basin. External macroparasites of Atlantic sturgeon and ten other species of fishes were surveyed at intertidal fishing weirs in Minas Basin, Nova Scotia and a total of 10 ectoparasite species were found. Five species were identified from sturgeon only two of which were found on other species. Parasite densities on sturgeon were compared among nine body areas. Caligus elongatus ( Copepoda) infected 81% of sturgeon surveyed, and had highest densities on the caudal fin and peduncle. Dichelesthium oblongum ( Copepoda) infected 85% of sturgeon and were found within the gills or burrowed into the musculature at the base of the fins. Calliobdella vidvida ( Hirudina) were found on 29% of sturgeon and reached significant densities on the pelvic and pectoral fins. The crustacean Argulus stizostehthii ( Branchiura) infected 12% and Nitzschia sturionis ( Monogenea) infected 8% of sturgeon but were not found at body sites in high enough densities for statistical comparison. Only D. oblongum infections were associated with visible damage and this fact warrants further investigation of the general biology of this copepod to better quantify their importance to Canadian management.

abstract: Biology


title: Regression based models for the banker's offers In Deal or no deal

contributor:
Ritcey, David Brien James (author)
(Ranjan, Pritam) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2010

abstract: Deal or No Deal is a television game show that involves one contestant, one banker  and 26 briefcases containing different dollar values ranging between one cent and one  million dollars. The allocation of dollar amounts inside the briefcases is unknown  prior to the game to both the contestant and the banker. The contestant selects one  case to start the game that remains closed until the end. The game is played to a  maximum of nine rounds, with a certain number of briefcases opened each round,  revealing the dollar amounts. After every round the banker will submit a dollar  offer to the contestant in an attempt to buy the contestant’s briefcase. The question  of interest is how exactly the banker determines the offer that will be given to the  contestant.  This thesis will focus on the formulation of the banker’s offers for each of the nine  rounds in Deal or No Deal. The data set collected by playing the online National  Broadcasting Corporation ( NBC) version and by watching the television ( NBC) ver-sion  of the game are both analyzed to develop and compare several candidate models  for the banker’s offers. These models will then be tested on new data points to de-termine  how well the banker’s offer can be predicted for the online and television  versions of Deal or No Deal.

abstract: Mathematics & Statistics


title: A petrological study of REE-rich Carbonatite intrusions from the Lofdal farm area, Namibia, Africa

contributor:
Kaul, Alexander (author)
(Barr, Sandra) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2010

abstract: Carbonatite dykes in the Lofdal farm area near the town of Khorixas in Damaraland, Namibia, contain elevated concentrations of rare- earth elements ( REE) and in some cases unusually high ratios of heavy REE to light REE. Most dykes have widths between 0.5 cm and 5 m but some are up to 25 m wide and extend over several kilometer. Carbonatite also occurs in plugs with diameters up to several hundred meter. The carbonatite dykes and plugs occur in association with syenite and nepheline syenite intrusions that combined form an alkaline intrusive complex in an area of over 125 km2. The complex is hosted by 1.7 Ga metasedimentary rocks, including gneiss and schist, of the Huab Basement Complex.  This petrological study is based on 18 samples from 6 carbonatite dykes and their host rocks and two carbonatite plugs. Most of the carbonatite samples consist of equigranular twinned calcite with varying abundance of Fe- carbonates, Fe- oxides, and magnetite. Other minerals include biotite, K- feldspar and very fine- grained apatite. Some samples are highly altered ferrocarbonatite and consist of Fe- carbonate with inclusions of calcite, K- feldspar and biotite. Based on electron microprobe analyses, the Fe- carbonate mineral is ankerite. Preliminary microprobe data indicate that REE appear to occur in fine- grained opaque minerals as well as in REE- mineral inclusions in calcite. Analyses of eight whole- rock samples showed varying total REE abundances, with a high of 50820 ppm. Ratios of total light to heavy REE range from 0.71 up to 59.63 in the analyzed samples. A regional geochemistry database of 1418 REE analysis shows total REE concentrations up to 86184 ppm in some dykes. 1

abstract: Earth & Environmental Sciences


title: Animal rights and the problem of biomedical research

contributor:
Moffat-Vallée, Rebecca (author)
(Wilks, Ian) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2010

abstract: The following thesis compares the views on the rights of animals of three  philosophers, Carl Cohen, Tom Regan, and Peter Singer, with the goal of discerning  whether rights should be attributed to non- human animals. I conclude that the rights of  non- human animals must be acknowledged if one wishes to avoid the charge of  speciesism while still protecting the moral rights of individuals against the benefits of the  larger group.  I begin with an examination of the views of Carl Cohen, who denies that animals  could be rights bearers because they do not lead moral lives, are not the kind of being that  could have rights, and are not part of the human moral community. I argue that the  arguments advanced by Cohen are inadequate because they seek to exclude animals from  the category of rights bearers while seeking nonetheless to include “ marginal” humans in  this category without offering satisfactory reasons for excluding one group but not the  other.  In the final chapter, I examine Tom Regan’s rights view against Peter Singer’s  Preference Utilitarianism. I conclude that utilitarianism is an inadequate moral theory  because it does not offer sufficient protection to individuals, preferring instead to  maximize group benefits. The best way to offer protection to individuals is to  acknowledge their basic moral rights; of course, if this is done in the case of humans, it  must also be done in the case of animals in order to avoid speciesism.

abstract: Philosophy


title: Vie d'orage: Pouvoir et transformation des métaphores

contributor: (Wyile, Andrea Schwenke) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2010

abstract: Mon mémoire étudie la métaphore littéraire et la manière dont elle transforme en crois- sance la détresse des personnages dans cinq livres: Vieux Thomas et la petite fée, de Do- minique Demers, illustré par Stéphane Poulin; Nuit d’orage, écrit et illustré par Michèle Lemieux; L’oiseau de passage de Hélène Vachon, illustrations de Yayo; La liberté? Connais pas... de Charlotte Gingras; et Cantique des plaines de Nancy Huston. Le chapi- tre un insiste sur l’importance et le rôle de la littérature et des métaphores. Le chapitre deux explore comment les métaphores directes ( quand un sujet de comparaison égale un autre) aident les personnages à comprendre des difficultés pour qu’elles se changent en métaphores de croissance ou soient remplacées par des pensées plus positives. Le chapi- tre trois présente les métaphores libres qui, en étant des guides, ont les mêmes pouvoirs transformatifs sur les personnages. Somme toute, j’insiste sur le pouvoir extraordinaire de la métaphore pour montrer qu’elle n’est pas une simple structure littéraire mais une force transformative importante que la population générale doit reconnaître comme moyen utile de surmonter les difficultés.  My thesis studies the literary metaphor and the way in which it transforms the characters’ distress into growth in five books: Vieux Thomas et la petite fée by Dominique Demers, illustrations by Stéphanie Poulin; Nuit d’orage written and illustrated by Michèle Le- mieux, L’oiseau de passage by Hélène Vachon, La liberté? Connais pas… by Charlotte Gingras, and Cantique des plaines by Nancy Huston. Chapter one insists upon the impor- tance and the role of literature and metaphors. Chapter two explores how direct meta- phors ( when one subject of comparison equals another) help the characters’ understand difficulties so that they change in into metaphors of growth or are replaced with more positive thoughts. Chapter three introduces open metaphors that, being guides, have the same transformative powers over the characters. Overall, I insist upon the extraordinary power of the metaphor to show that it is not a simple literary structure but an important transformative force that the general population should recognize as a useful means of overcoming difficulty.

abstract: Languages & Literatures


title: Environmental roulette: Colonial moderisation and ecological consequences

contributor:
Raeside, Gordon (author)
(Perrins, Robert John) (Thesis advisor)
(Duke, David) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 . A278 2009

abstract: Environmental issues are not limited to issues surrounding solely the loss of animal habitat, as humans are intimately connected with their surroundings. The importance of both environmental concerns and the risk of infectious disease in contemporary society means that the history of environmental events in the not so distant past are an important topic to investigate. Many of the ongoing environmental issues today have roots that date to the past century when new populations migrated into relatively unpopulated lands. An historical perspective is an excellent tool to use when looking at modern issues that have recent historical antecedents. As the world modernized in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries many untouched regions came under the shovel, the tractor or the railroad. The newly modern and industrialised nations of Japan and the Soviet Union were desperately searching for raw materials to fuel their growing economies and the result was that regions that were in equilibrium would be disrupted. For north-eastern China, the region more commonly referred to in the west as Manchuria, settlers, mostly from south of the Great Wall, migrated into the region along newly constructed Japanese and Russian railroad lines. This massive influx of people was a catalyst for a large plague epidemic that broke out throughout Manchuria in the winter of 1910-1911. The economic pressures on Japan and the South Manchurian Railway only aided the plagues spread along the railroads. As well, the Soviet Union‟s push to conquer lands set much of Central Asia up for environmental and ecological disaster. The “Virgin Lands Scheme” and the desire to grow cotton in Central Asia was only possible through a massive diversion of water and the heavy use of pesticides. The development methods of both Japan and the Soviet Union resulted in the loss of the  natural equilibrium in both Manchuria and Central Asia, affecting both regions‟ environment and peoples.

abstract: History & Classics


title: An update strategy for numerically solving boundary value problems

contributor:
Rideout, Matthew Eric (author)
(Haynes, Ronald) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: Certain types of boundary value problems have solutions which exhibit special properties  making it difficult to approximate numerically. The solutions on these regions  have rapidly changing features. We explore a method of arriving at an approximation  to the solution by choosing a mesh of points across the domain and estimating the  value of the solution at those points. One then chooses where it would be beneficial to  place additional mesh points along the domain to achieve a better approximation. In  this thesis we develop a method to identify the regions requiring a more refined mesh.  We then use the Sherman-Morrison-Woodbury formula and the Block Matrix Inverse  formula to continually update our approximation to the solution until a user-defined  error tolerance has been achieved across the whole domain.

abstract: Mathematics & Statistics


title: From the verge of extinction to the survival of the Mi'kmaq

contributor:
Landry, Carolyn A. (author)
(Thomson, Tony) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: The Mi‘kmaw First Nation is one of the original aboriginal Nations inhabiting what is now the Maritime Provinces of Canada. In this thesis I argue that during the time since contact to the present day, most ancient Mi‘kmaw traditions and customs have been altered, changed, misrepresented, and, in many cases, destroyed through a policy of cultural genocide. I explain the Mi‘kmaw worldview known as Netukulimk, exploring various aspects of this all-embracing philosophy of life. Drawing on postcolonial theory, I present a narrative of Mi‘kmaw experience with colonialism, focusing on the effects of colonial practice on religion, education, and the economy. I argue that the traditional concept of Netukulimk is present only implicitly in Mi‘kmaw culture, but it survives in many traditional practices such as in healing and spirituality. As a primary research method, I organized and participated in a sharing circle, which followed traditional Mi‘kmaw custom. The process of the circle and the results are described in the thesis. The thesis draws on autoethnography to discuss the difficulties I had reconciling my desire to understand my own culture through Netukulimk and put this understanding in terms of an academic thesis. The main contradictions were between my role as an insider and as an academic outsider, the use of a traditional sharing circle as a 'focus group', and ultimately between the oral culture of the Mi‘kmaq and the written, objective culture of sociology.

abstract: Sociology


title: Determining the potential for tidal power in the Bay of Fundy and optimizing turbine placement

contributor:
Lickley, Megan Jeramaz (author)
(Karsten, Richard) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: There exist large tidal currents in the Minas Passage making it an ideal location  for electrical power generation. We were able to model the tides using a finitevolume  numerical model to quantify the potential for tidal power using in-stream  turbines. Turbines were simulated by increasing the drag in the Minas Passage and  suggest that up to 6.9 GW of power could be extracted. Removing this amount of  power would decrease the tidal amplitudes within the Minas Basin by approximately  30% and increase the tidal amplitudes along the coast of Maine and Massachussetts  by 15%. There would likely be serious environmental damage resulting from this  change. Simulations indicate, however, that extracting 2.5 GW of power would create  a change less than 6% throughout the region and still, according to Nova Scotia  Power, provide enough energy to power 800,000 homes. Due to the added cost of each  additional turbine, optimization schemes were implemented in attempts to find the  optimal arrangement of turbines which would maximize power output and minimize  the number of turbines required. In theory, maximum power can be achieved when  the turbines are arranged into a fence spanning the entire cross section having all  of the flow pass through them. Theoretically, this power output should be constant  regardless of the location of the turbine fence. Simulations using a wide fence of  turbines spanning the cross section of the Minas Passage, found that 6.6 GW of  power could be generated with an efficiency of 0.7 kW/m2, where the area is the  cross sectional area of the turbines. For the suggested power of 2.5 GW, the best  solution was a fence in the same location as the aforementioned, however, less dense.  The efficiency of the thin fence was 0.8 kW/m2, approximately twice as efficient as a  single isolated turbine.

abstract: Mathematics & Statistics


title: Suitability of the continued use of E. coli as an indicator for surface water quality

contributor:
Richardson, Lucas R. (author)
(Bell, Colin) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: It would not have been possible to complete this honours project without the help of so many great people and organizations. Firstly, a special thanks to Dr. Bezanson for his help in the writing process as well as lab techniques. I certainly could not have done any of this without his help, patience, and knowledge. As well, a great thank you to everyone else in the Kentville Research Station Microbiology Lab including Robin Macinnis for my countless lab procedure questions. A huge thank you to Lisa Waddington and Tim Ells for all their help regarding my molecular experiments and for putting up with my million excel questions. As well, a big thank you to Dr. Bell at Acadia University for all his help guiding me throughout this process and keeping my schedule on track. I would like to thank ACSME for awarding me their Isme8 scholarship allowing my survival throughout the summer research and allowing the completion of this project. As well as Andy Vermuellen for allowing the use of his land to reach my sampling site along the Habitant River. Finally, I’d like to thank all my other fellow students and professors at Acadia University who helped out with this project including a special thanks to Claire Coulter, Adam Johnston, and Ashley Drohan.

abstract: Biology


title: Adult attachment styles and parent-child discourse during joint-reading about medical procedures and hospitalisation

contributor:
Pace, Sarah Beth (author)
(Symons, Doug) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: The present study examined the extent to which adults with a secure attachment style make more references to mental states and hold elaborative health-related conversations with their child during a joint reading task. A children‟s book about hospitalization was used to elicit discussion. Participants were 20 mothers, two fathers, and their 22 eight- to twelve-year-old children. All utterances by either member of the dyad during the reading activity which were not found in the text of the book were transcribed and coded for mental state language during the book and for parental health-related elaborative discourse about personally-relevant events after the book had ended. Adult romantic attachment was measured using the self-report ECR-R and the narrative word measure. Results revealed no significant correlation between attachment measures and the use of mental state language by either partner. However, parents high in anxiety in romantic relationships used less elaborative discourse. This pattern was not due to overall verbosity, child age, or socio-economic status. Discussion focuses on the relationship between attachment style and the opportunity to discuss potentially painful events with children.

abstract: Psychology


title: The nesting ecology of the wood turtle, Glyptemys insculpta, at the northeastern limit of its range

contributor:
Holman, Wendy G. (author)
(Mockford, Steve) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: The Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) listed the wood turtle, Glyptemys insculpta, as a threatened species in 2007. Little is known about wood turtle ecology in Nova Scotia, which limits the development of conservation strategies. This study examines the nesting ecology of a central Nova Scotia population of wood turtles. The objectives included describing where and when nesting occurs in the Musquodoboit Watershed, as well as comparing nesting ecology to that of other populations. Several areas were surveyed to identify appropriate nesting habitat, and turtles were closely monitored during the nesting season. All nests were protected with predator exclusion boxes. Morphometric data were obtained from all turtles handled and from all nests encountered. Data analyses examined relationships between female size, clutch size, egg size, and egg viability both within the Musquodoboit Watershed and in comparison to the wood turtle population in the Saint Mary's Watershed. Morphometric measurements from gravid females on Little River in 2008 (in the Musquodoboit Watershed) were not significantly different from ovipositing females on Saint Mary’s River in 2006. Egg length, width, and weight from Little River in 2008 were 35.3 mm (SD=2.4), 23.2 mm (SD=1.6), and 11.1 g (SD=1.9) respectively. These were significantly different from egg length, width, and weight from Saint Mary’s River in 2006. Unfortunately, all of the protected nests were inundated during unusually high water levels in August, resulting in the death of all eggs. This precluded any analysis of incubation time or hatching success. Embryos were examined for developmental deformities. This study has led to a better understanding of the nesting ecology of the species in Nova Scotia, identified critical habitat for nesting, and led to the identification of a population of wood turtles in Nova Scotia that has not been previously studied.

abstract: Biology


title: Industrialized patriotism: Cinema and the formation of the Soviet national myth

contributor:
Renaud, Mary Kathleen (author)
(Perrins, Robert John) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: Cinema played a formative role in the creation and legitimization of the state in  the early Soviet period. Amidst the chaos of the Russian Civil War, Lenin signed the  official nationalization decree of the film industry and declared the cinema the most  important artistic tool in the socialist construction of the new order. Bolshevik  revolutionaries inadvertently created the conditions for the ‘golden age’ of Soviet cinema.  It was aboard the Civil War agitpoezds (film trains) that the future pioneers of Soviet  filmmaking, most notably Sergei Eisenstein, Lev Kuleshov, Vsevolod Pudovkin, and  Dziga Vertov, gained filmmaking experience and first-hand exposure to Bolshevik  politics. Furthermore, the implementation of Lenin’s New Economic Policy granted a  degree of artistic and intellectual independence that facilitated cinematic innovation and  debate. Throughout the 1920s and early 1930s, revolutionary filmmakers effectively  instilled the Soviet national myth within and beyond the USSR until Stalin’s  consolidation of power altered the relationship between the cinematic community and the  state. Under Lenin, films assisted the establishment of a socialist political structure,  whereas Stalin used the cinema to create and maintain his personality cult. Although the  Great Turn in cinema may appear to have been a betrayal of Leninism, Stalin’s actions, in  fact, made Lenin’s directives a reality.  This project examines the Soviet film industry from the Russian Civil War to the  All-Union Creative Conference of Workers in 1935. It argues that during this period,  revolutionary filmmakers had a profound effect on the socio-political development of the  Soviet Union and that an examination of the relationship between the Soviet leadership  and the cinematic community can be used to illuminate the nature of the state. Both  Soviet and cinematic historiography are incorporated as well as an abundance of primary  sources, including films, government documents, newspapers, speeches, and private  letters.

abstract: History & Classics


title: Grand Pré national historic site: An economic impact assessment of a UNESCO world heritage designation

contributor:
MacLeod, Adam W. (author)
(VanBlarcom, Brian) (Thesis advisor)
(Kayahan, Burc) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: As the ease of travel continues to progress, tourism has become the  world’s principal economic activity, and more attention is being placed on  cultural sites as an area to expand the industry. Grand-Pré National Historic  Site in the Annapolis Valley of Nova Scotia, has realized this trend in tourism,  and in hopes of strengthening their position and attractiveness as a cultural  destination, it is applying for a UNESCO World Heritage Site designation.  World Heritage Sites are significant properties around the world which  exemplify an outstanding level of cultural diversity and natural wealth. Along  with being recognized as a cultural destination, Grand-Pré is looking to take  advantage of another benefit of the designation; the belief that as a Heritage  Site, there will be an increase in the level of public awareness which would in  turn spark an increase in visitation to the area.  This paper estimates if there is any truth to the belief that an increase in  tourism occurs due to a World Heritage Site designation. Given the declining  trends in tourism for Grand Pré and the Annapolis Valley, this could be a way to  attract new visitors to the area and sustain the local tourism industry.  In the summer of 2008, 278 surveys were collected asking visitors about  their awareness and the importance of the site as well as their spending habits  while visiting the area. Visitation statistics to Nova Scotia were used to create a  regression model to be able to measure what kind of visitation impact a  UNESCO designation could have on the area. Using these data, I assessed the  potential economic impact of visitor spending attributable to a UNESCO  designation on the site and local economy.  An increase of 6.2% in the number of visitors to Grand Pré due to a  UNESCO designation was estimated. An average spending of $68.72 per  visitor was estimated using our survey data. This information was analyzed  under both a historical and forecasted scenario of visitation to Grand Pré, to  develop the increase in tourists to the site and the spending of new visitors due  to a UNESCO designation. It is concluded that a UNESCO designation at the  National Historic Site of Grand Pré could have considerable positive economic  impacts for the site and local economy for years to come.

abstract: Economics


title: Considerations for graft choice with ACL reconstruction for athletes

contributor:
Reynolds, Sarah (author)
(MacLeod, James) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: Being one of the most common orthopaedic injuries at present, the torn anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and methods for surgical reconstruction have become one of the most researched areas of sports medicine and orthopaedics. Despite this, many athletes and health practitioners outside the field of research may find that understanding the conflicting and complex amounts of information and theories based on „ideal‟ graft option can be quite overwhelming. This present study sought to examine some of the main factors, regarding surgical outcomes, which should be taken into consideration when comparing graft options for ACL reconstruction. Specifically, this study compared published research regarding three of the most common types of ACL grafts: the bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) autograft, the semitendinosus-gracilis (ST-G) autograft, and the bone-patella tendon-bone (BPTB) allograft. Results from this analysis showed significantly higher rates of osteoarthritis post-operatively with BPTB autografts (vs. ST-G autografts). Trends towards more cases of operation-site symptoms, range of motion deficits, extensor strength deficits, and poorer functional performance with BPTB autografts (vs. ST-G autografts) were also observed. On the other hand, ST-G autografts appeared to demonstrate greater manual laxity compared to BPTB autografts. The BPTB allografts did not show a significant benefit in reducing cases of operation-site symptoms, and displayed a trend for increased manual laxity, greater flexion deficits, and reduced rates of return to sport when compared to BPTB autografts. The conclusions of the study are that, while no graft is ideal for all individuals, an athlete and their associated health-practitioners should be aware of general considerations that are to be made for each graft choice available to them, in order to match the choice of tissue graft with the demands/expectations of the athlete in terms of outcomes from the surgery.

abstract: Kinesiology


title: This little piggy went to market: Micro-pig® and its effects on the animal-human relationship

contributor:
Franey, John R. (author)
(Whitehall, Geoffrey) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: Xenotransplantation, the process by which animal tissues or cells are inserted into  human bodies, promises to fill the gap in human-to-human tissue transplantations, thereby  alleviating organ transplant wait-lists and decreasing human suffering. This thesis  examines the xenotransplant and the recipient. While pigs are used for agricultural and  medical purposes, transplanting a living part of a pig body into a human body is different  from other exchanges between the two species. Exploring the concepts of biotechnology,  life itself, and speciesism, this thesis studies the relationship between the  xenotransplantation donor and the xenotransplantation recipient. The thesis concludes  that xenotransplantation begets a novel form of speciesism, whereby the  xenotransplantation recipient becomes a humanising human and the xenotransplantation  donor becomes a species without a species.

abstract: Politics


title: Linear fibre-cavity ring-down spectroscopy

contributor:
Saunders, John E. (author)
(Tong, Anthony) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: Chemical sensing of environmental samples can be time consuming and expensive as samples must be collected and then transported to the laboratory for analysis. Evanescent-wave fibre-cavity ring-down spectroscopy (FCRDS) is a potential solution to these issues. A linear FCRDS apparatus for evanescent sensing was constructed using 100 μm core multimode optical fibres. Optical fibre ends were coated with dielectric mirrors to form optical cavities and the light intensity was modulated inside the cavities from 10 kHz to 250 kHz using an acousto-optic modulator. Phase-shift measurements were conducted, allowing for the calculation of the ring-down time of the optical cavity. The phase-shift measurements were performed using a tuneable diode laser ranging from 1520 nm to 1570 nm. The ring-down time was determined to be between 438 ns and 819 ns for a 2.3 m cavity, and approximately 441 ns for a 9.0 m cavity. Circular imperfections were observed in the dielectric coating using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). This was believed to have been the cause for the high signal loss and low coupling efficiency of the optical cavities. Evanescent wave experiments were conducted with acetylene and it was determined that the evanescent field was confined within the unmodified optical fibres and was not accessible to the surrounding gas. Future work will involve removing the polymer jacket from the optical fibre and chemically etching the fibre cladding to expose the evanescent field. It is believed that the new device will be useful in many applications in field sensing of greenhouse gases and other emerging environmental contaminants.

abstract: Chemistry


title: "True British Tars": The sailor's image in popular print, 1793-1815

contributor:
Kirkham, Krystyna Cathryn (author)
(Doerr, Paul) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: During its ‘Golden Age’, 1793-1815, the Royal Navy held the command of the  oceans, and was the most successful fighting force of its day. Yet the men who lived and  breathed the ships are often left in obscurity, shrouded by myth and misunderstanding.  Once a problematic, potentially disruptive figure, the ordinary seamen was molded into  the safe and acceptable image of ‘Jolly Jack Tar’. This image of the courageous, loyal  seaman developed into a national symbol, embodying British ideals of masculinity and  honour. This study examines the role of caricature in molding and popularizing the  typecast image of the sailor. Largely ignored by the historical community, caricature and  satirical print offer insight into the popular and intellection opinion of the sailor. A  description of the stereotype and deconstruction of Jack’s image is presented in  conjunction with the examination of selected contemporary prints. It is argued that  caricature played a pivotal role in the popularization of the Jack Tar’s stereotype in  Georgian Britain. The sailor’s depiction in satirical print developed into two distinct  areas: the sailor ashore and Jack Tar as a national identity. This study concludes that  caricature played a pivotal role in the popularization of Jack Tar.  In this analysis of the development and popularization of the sailor’s characters a  number of contemporary sources are utilized. The careful selection and examination of  ten satirical prints, or caricatures, form the core of the primary sources used in the writing  of this thesis. In addition, an extensive review of recent and established scholarships on  this subject has been examined to support the analysis. The result is a history of the  British Tar’s depiction and characterization in contemporary political print during the  Georgian Era.

abstract: History & Classics


title: Do attachment styles moderate reactions to pain catastrophizing

contributor:
Milne, Justin L. (author)
(Holmberg, Diane) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2009

abstract: Effects of one partner’s support seeking on the other partner’s physiological and psychological well-being, and how attachment style moderates this relationship, was examined. Twenty couples completed a self-report measure assessing adult attachment styles and then came to the lab to participate in a supposed stressful/negative support interaction task, in which male partners pretended to be in pain. Male partners were directed to send both catastrophizing messages and pain ratings, or pain ratings only, to their partner, via MSN messenger. Findings indicated that women had poorer well-being when their partners catastrophized. In addition, higher attachment anxiety in the women was associated with poorer psychological well-being during the pain task, particularly in the message condition. Higher attachment avoidance was associated with poorer physiological and psychological well-being levels in the women, again, particularly in the message condition.

abstract: Psychology