title: Investigation into the use of ELG for stand alone power system frequency control

subject: Electric power systems (Load dispatching)

subject: Electric generators (Automatic control)

subject: Turbines (Automatic control)

abstract:
The use of ELG for stand alone power system frequency control is investigated in this
thesis. Characteristics of a stand alone power system with PCR-ELG are presented.
Dynamic simulation of the system is developed using Simulink/SimPowerSystems
and is verified by comparing the simulation results with experimental results in the
literature. The simulation results show that terminal waveforms of the synchronous
machine with controller rectifier load are highly distorted. Pulses in phase voltage
caused by negative current through thyristors affect rectifier control if appropriate
snubber/filter is not imposed. Based on the simulation results, PCR-ELG control with
feedback loop is designed. The control results are compared with those of the system
having only normal governing and excitation systems. The results show that
PCR-ELG can provide much better frequency control for a stand alone power system
than normal governing and excitation control.


title: Reader response as a focal practice in foreign language acquisition

contributor:
Courtland, Mary Clare
Allingham, Philip

subject: Language and languages (Study and teaching)

subject: Language acquisition (Research)

subject: Language acquisition

abstract:
This study describes the implementation of the reader response as a focal practice approach
(Sumara, 1995) in a third year, Spanish as a foreign language class in a university setting, the
nature of engagement and response experienced by the students, the ways that the reader
response approach as a focal practice influences students’ oral language proficiency,
comprehension, interpretation, and re-interpretation of a text and the implications this approach
has in the foreign language curriculum at the university level. The design of the study was
qualitative and emergent. Methods included participant and non-participant observation, taped
responses, a taped focus group meeting, and analysis of documents. Six themes emerged from
the data analysis: shifting roles in the foreign language classroom; patterns of shared response to
La Casa en Mango Street; students’ attitudes towards a new pedagogical approach; students’
reading practices and priorities; response to La Casa en Mango Street, and pre- and post-unit
language assessments. This study found that students’ oral proficiency, comprehension,
interpretation and re-interpretation of the novel were positively affected by the reader response
as a focal practice approach to foreign language literature. In addition, this approach allowed for
social construction of meaning. The final culminating response to the novel allowed the
participants to respond to it through a variety of symbol system such as drama, poetry, music and
multi-media.


title: Loneliness and disclosure processes in early adolescence

subject:
Self-disclosure
Loneliness in children
Loneliness

abstract:
Research has shown that, in comparison to nonlonely
adults, lonely adults show problems in self-^^disclosure
intimacy with peers and the current study was designed to
assess whether lonely adolescents exhibit these problems.
In the study, 37 male and 47 female early adolescents were
administered a loneliness questionnaire and later engaged
in structured interactions with male and female peer
confederate partners who provided either high or low
intimate information. As expected, subjects demonstrated
topic-^intimacy continuity with partners by choosing topics
and disclosing information higher in intimacy with the
partners who provided high as opposed to low intimacy. In
partial support of hypotheses, lonely boys chose topics
low in intimacy in response to female peers. In contrast to
other subjects, lonely boys showed a tendency to disclose
less intimate information and, paradoxically, believed that
their partners became more familiar with them. Findings
were interpreted as indicating that the disclosure skill
deficits of lonely boys disrupted the formation of
oppQsite-^sex relationships, but not necessarily chumships.
It is assumed that lack of awareness regarding low levels
of disclosure intimacy with peers is largely responsible
for the social skill deficits of these lonely individuals.


title: The Impacts of forest management practices on mercury contamination in small stream biota

contributor:
Mackereth, Robert
Carney, Joseph
Hecnar, Stephen

subject:
Fishes
Effect of mercury on
Ontario, Northwestern
Mercury
Environmental aspects
Thunder Bay region

abstract: Mercury is a contaminant of global concern as it is present in all biota and ecosystems around the world. Small streams are influenced by the terrestrial systems that feed them. I examined the presence of mercury in small stream biota, the bioaccumulation of the mercury in higher trophic levels and the stream characteristics, including catchment disturbance that are associated with differences in mercury contamination among trophic levels. Sampling of periphyton, benthic invertebrates and fish occurred in 31 sites across 6 watersheds having different forest management histories. Mercury was present in all three biota types sampled with a wide range of mercury concentrations between and among sites and biota. Biota mercury concentrations were highest in the smaller size streams (small and medium) compared to the large streams with no differences between the different forest management histories. Biota mercury concentrations tended to have the highest association with local conditions including pH, conductivity, stream gradient and temperature. Brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill)] had the lowest average concentrations of the two fish species collected with average mercury concentrations 50% less than dace species collected within the same stream. While biota mercury concentrations have been associated with disturbance in other studies, local stream conditions and stream size tended to have the highest association in my study.


title: Physical and mechanical property variation of black ash (Fraxinus Nigra M.) grown in the Thunder Bay seed zone

contributor:
Leitch, Mathew
Shahi, Chander
Wang, Jian

subject:
Fraxinus nigra marsh.
Mechanical properties
Longitudinal variation
Radial variation
Wood properties mapping
Juvenile wood
Mature wood

abstract: The identification of traditionally underutilized species with the potential for development and increased marketing potential has been recognized as a source of potential innovation in the Northwestern Ontario forest sector. However, the industry requires improved knowledge of the physical and mechanical properties of these species and how this information can be applied to end use attributes in value added forest products. Black ash (Fraxinus nigra Marsh.) is abundant throughout the region, yet has been identified as an underutilized species with limited available literature on properties or potential variations. Nine mature black ash trees from the Thunder Bay Seed Zone were destructively sampled and wood properties in differing radial and longitudinal positions were measured and recorded. Longitudinal positions reflect 0, 25, 50 and 75 percent of total merchantable height. Radial positions reflect the juvenile wood core, transition zone and mature wood of each stem. Measured wood properties include MOE, MOR, compression parallel to the grain, Janka ball side hardness, relative density, ring width, latewood percentage and average ring density. Results indicate stable and predictable wood properties in the radial direction with only percentage of latewood varying significantly radially. Longitudinal position reflected increased variance with MOE, compression parallel to the grain, side hardness and ring width displaying significant results. The greatest level of variability was observed between sites in each of the selected properties. Results consistently displayed two subsets of sites; reflecting the second and third sites, or three distinct sites. Increased mechanical property values were identified in the upland and well-drained sites as compared to the lowland site. In the future, benefits exist for increased processing potential, as inherent properties are consistent throughout the tree including the desirable heartwood section. It was determined that site conditions play a significant role in the inherent wood properties and opportunities exist for forest managers to predict mechanical properties based on site characteristics.


title: Study of the strike at Canada Safeway by Local 175 of the United Food and Commercial Workers / by William P. Vinh-Doyle.

subject: Strikes and lockouts

subject: Thunder Bay (Ontario)

subject: Safeway

subject: Grocery stores - Strikes and lockouts

subject: United Food and Commercial Workers. Local 175.

abstract:
"This study began in 2004, two years after the Canada Safeway Strike had concluded. At the time of the strike, I was completing my undergraduate degree in Education at Lakehead University. ...    Two local newspapers. The Chronicle Journal and the Thunder Bay Post provided substantial coverage of the strike. Besides clarifying some basic facts, the editorials and letters to the editor provided feedback from the community and members of Local 175 of the UFCW. Efforts to enlist the help of the UFCW and Canada Safeway proved disappointing, as each side contended that it was looking to move on since the strike ended. Both refused to participate in the study.The UFCW history of the Canada
Safeway Strike in Thunder Bay, newspaper articles, and interviews with UFCW members provided plenty of evidence on the Canada Safeway strike. For many of the employees included the feelings of bitterness, shame, anger, disappointment, and joy they all felt towards each other while on the picket line. Those people I contacted nevertheless
remained fearful the company and union would find out about their participation and would retaliate against them. The subjects whom I interviewed thus remain confidential,
unless they gave me explicit permission to use their name.
While the interviews followed specific questions, neither the interviewees nor I were tied to them, as I allowed each interview to follow its own path. Some interviews lasted only forty-five minutes, but on the whole those I interviewed spent hours discussing the strike. The interviews conducted during this thesis provided information that could never be found in a newspaper, book or other written record." -- Preface


title: Using unmanned aerial vehicles and wildlife camera trapping for the early assessment of road reclamation effects in Northern Ontario

contributor:
Runesson, Ulf
Meyer, Lense
Thomson, Ashley

subject:
Orthomosaic
Unmanned aerial vehicles
Automated mapping
Wildlife monitoring
Drones
Vegetation mapping

abstract:
The forest industry has been performing forest road reclamation to regenerate forests after harvest, to maintain wildlife habitat and to limit forest access by the public, all to help maintain large, contiguous wild forests. International forest certification bodies like the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) and Sustainable Forestry Initiative (SFI) use third-party accreditation to ensure that forest management best practices are followed, wood products are harvested sustainably, and sensitive habitat and wildlife species are protected. To access new resources, previously disturbed areas must be returned to similar, natural forest conditions, which includes the reclamation of access roads. Deactivating access roads inherently creates challenges for monitoring site rejuvenation by removing the very pathways needed to monitor those areas. This study attempted to develop a new method for inexpensive, repeatable, large-scale monitoring and measurement of regenerating forest areas considered inaccessible from the ground.
This study was done using off-the-shelf unmanned aerial vehicles, or drones. Recent technological advancements has allowed for the application of random photo sampling methods to orthorectified mosaic tiles derived from drone imagery. The goal was to use automated software, and accurately classify percent vegetation cover (VC) on deactivated logging roads and correlate reclamation ‘success’ to wildlife species presence/absence. Two conventional image classification software packages (ERDAS Imagine and eCognition Developer) were tested to assess VC values on road reclamation treatments with overall orthomosaic classification accuracies reaching 97.86%. The largest influence on road regeneration VC was found to be road ecotype. Lack of significant difference in the photo sampling results suggests the previously applied reclamation efforts in this study area were unsuccessful. The wildlife monitoring efforts found a significant difference in the use of different road treatments and ecosite by species, with active/non-reclaimed roads having the lowest species presence and activity.


title: Effects of stimulus control and exercise on internal and external overweight females

subject:
Control (Psychology)
Obesity (Psychological aspects)
Exercise

abstract:
Forty-eight overweight females were randomly assigned into
four groups: 1) stimulus control, 2) exercise, 3)
stimulus control plus exercise, and 4) counting calories
(control), to determine which treatment was most
effective for weight and fat loss.
Locus of Control was assessed with Rotter's I-E and
Saltzer's Weight Locus of Control scales. Weekly measures
of food intake and energy expenditure were taken. The
relation of program adherence to weight loss was also
assessed.
Analyses of covariance showed that there was a
significant effect of stimulus control procedures on weight
and fat, whereas there was no effect of exercise. The
weight loss was maintained six months after the end of
the program in the groups that had received stimulus
control treatment. Analyses of variance indicated that
food intake decreased in the stimulus control group,
whereas there was no significant effect of exercise on
energy expenditure. Locus of Control orientation did not
correlate with amount of weight loss. Program adherence
did not correlate with amount of weight loss.


title: Heritage Breeds of Livestock in Protected Forest Landscapes: an approach to conserving natural and agricultural diversity

contributor:
Pulkki, Reino
Lovett-Doust, Lesley
Kemp, David
Hamilton, Scott

subject:
Protected landscapes
Historical ecology
Traditional agriculture
Heritage breeds
Grazing
Anthropogenic disturbance
Semi-natural meadows
Forest pastures
Grazed woodlands

abstract:
In landscapes with a long history of traditional agricultural activity, some protected areas
are using heritage breeds of livestock to conserve disturbance-dependent habitats and
combat the loss of natural and agricultural biodiversity associated with the widespread
decline in traditional agriculture. This dissertation examines this phenomenon on a
broad scale through a global review, as well as on a regional scale through a case study
at Koli National Park in eastern Finland.
A review of protected areas around the world was conducted to understand the
ways in which protected areas and heritage breeds contribute to each other’s
conservation. Benefits were found in terms of the contribution of heritage breeds to the
management objectives of protected areas (such as controlling invasive vegetation,
maintaining disturbance-dependent habitats, enhancing biodiversity, reducing soil
erosion, creating habitat for wildlife, serving as tourism attractions and fostering good
relationships with local residents via incentive programs). Reciprocally, protected areas
contributed to the conservation of heritage breeds by increasing awareness of the breeds,
supporting incentive programs that encourage local farmers to raise heritage breeds, and
creating opportunities for niche-marketing.


title: The Role of personality on decision making under uncertainty

subject:
Personality
Decision-making
Risk assessment
Psychological aspects

abstract: Dispositional characteristics appear to impact peoples' decision making when faced with situations characterised by uncertainty, a characterization of an unknown future outcome, and ambiguity, a characterisation of the present situation where multiple possibilities exist. There is a paucity of decision making research of an applied nature which limits the application of theory to practice. This study investigated the role of dispositional reactions to uncertainty in decision making in an applied medical setting by integrating theory and research findings from traditional economics and emerging cognitive and personality psychology models. We examined the relationship and predictive power of emergency physicians' affective and dispositional reactions to uncertainty and propensity for risk taking in clinical situations when deciding to admit a patient or release them home. Patients who present in the Emergency Department do so with a range of medical complaints, each with a different degree of risk and ambiguity. These properties of the patient/physician encounter were hypothesized to impact individual physicians differently, depending on the physician's trait and state reactions to uncertainty and propensity for risk taking. Specifically, it was hypothesized that Emergency Physicians' admission and discharge decisions and length of time required to arrive at a decision would be impacted by the physician's unique personality features and the degree of ambiguity and risk inherent in the patient's condition. Emergency physicians' dispositional characteristics were not found to playa significant role in the decision to admit patients. Limitations and directions for future research are discussed.


title: The relationship between forest restorataion and forest fire in boreal forest

subject:
Forest fire
Forest restoration
Boreal forest
Restoration ecology


title: Health impacts of caring for a spouse with dementia : rural versus urban settings

subject: Dementia patients

subject: Dementia & family relationships

subject: Caregivers of persons with dementia (health impact)

abstract:
Adverse mental and physical health outcomes in caregivers of persons with dementia are
well documented, particularly for spouse caregivers. However, geographical setting may
affect the caregiving experience. The main objective of this study was to investigate
potential differences between rural and urban spouse caregivers in the health impact of
caregiving, as well as identifying correlates of health status, health behaviors, and sleep
disruptions. A sample of 33 spouse caregivers for persons with dementia in
Northwestern Ontario was recruited, including 26 from an urban setting (population
109,000), and 7 from rural settings (populations < 9,000). Rural caregivers rated the
amount of information about how to access support services significantly poorer than did
urban caregivers (t(31) = 16.76, < .001). No other statistically significant differences
were found across residential settings in terms of caregiver health or health behaviors.
However, different correlates of health status and health behaviors emerged for the two
settings. For rural caregivers, lower levels of physical health were associated with higher
levels of depressive symptoms ( r(5) = -.938, p = .002), higher levels of role burden
( r(5) = -.938, p = .002), and poorer care recipient functioning in basic activities of daily
living ( r(5) = .895,p = .007). These associations were not significant for urban
caregivers. It was also hypothesized that healthy behaviors would be positively
associated with health status, but this hypothesis was not supported. Sleep disruptions
and depressive symptoms were reported by both groups. Results suggest that the impact
of caregiving may be different for rural and urban spouse caregivers. More research is
needed, with larger and more representative samples, to further investigate these potential
rural-urban differences.


title: Response of jack pine (P. Banksiana L.) seedlings to inoculation with Pisolithus tinctorius (Pers.) Coker and Couch

subject:
Jack pine
Seedlings
Pisolithus tinctorius


title: Linking environment, biodiversity, and ecosystem functions in forest ecosystems

contributor:
Chen, Han
Crowe, Kevin
Shahi, Chander

subject:
Natural forest ecosystems
Biodiversity-ecosystem functioning
Species-energy relationship
Life-history traits
Aboveground biomass
Soil carbon storage
Stand age
Soil drainage class
Climate
Growth form
Boosted regression trees
Structural equation modeling

abstract: The positive biodiversity and ecosystem functions relationship (BEF) has been well established, especially in controlled experiments. However, a coherent study to examine the multiple relationships in BEF in natural ecosystems is lacking. Using the observational data of Canadian forests, I aim to examine the species diversity-productivity relationships in natural forest ecosystems across forest strata, under the influences of the climate factors and local site conditions. I found the positive effects of energy on tree species diversity while accounting for potentially confounding evolutionary effects and show evidence for the effects of local site conditions and secondary succession on diversity. The positive species diversity effects on productivity were common across forest strata but to different extent while the canopy tree diversity had negative effects on understorey plant biomass. Furthermore, tree size inequality may be a central process for the positive diversity effects on productivity, and potentially as the shared mechanism in regulating productivity and species diversity simultaneously via interactions among individuals in natural forests. This study sheds lights to deepen our understanding of the key features of natural ecosystems. I highlight that relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services are multifaceted, subject to several covariates including climate, local site conditions, time since stand-replacing disturbances, and the  reciprocal interactions between diversity and ecosystem functions and services. However, our  findings call for the complementary experiments to evaluate those potential mechanisms and drivers.


title: Relationship of awareness of deficits and pre-morbid coping skills among rehabilitation clients

contributor:
Mountain, M. A.
Tan, J
Jamieson, John

subject:
Anosognosia
Brain damage Patients Rehabilitation

abstract:
One of the most striking deficits following brain injury is an unawareness of injury-related
impairments (Anosognosia). It has been proposed that lack of awareness of impaired
ability may be classified according to whether it has an organic or psychological origin.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the utility of a test instrument, the Patient
Competency Rating Survey (PCRS), in determining whether the lack of awareness of
deficit exhibited by neurorehabilitation clients is organically based Anosognosia or a
manifestation of psychological denial. Consenting consecutive patients (n=49) admitted to
the neurorehabilitation unit of St. Joseph's General Hospital in Thunder Bay, Ontario were
selected as the target sample for this investigation. Each subject was assigned to a brain
injured (BI) or a non-brain injured (non-BI) group. The BI group (n=32) consisted of
individuals who had sustained central nervous system damage affecting brain activity, and
the non-BI group (n=17) consisted of individuals with neurological damage not directly
impacting on brain activity. Each subject’s level of awareness of deficits was assessed
using the PCRS, and his/her pre-morbid coping techniques were assessed using the
Revised Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WOC-R). Comparison of the responses of BI
(n=32) and non-BI individuals (n=17) on the PCRS revealed that the relative to the non-brain
injured group, the brain injured group overestimated its ability on the following
seven critical items; preparing own meals, dressing self, washing dishes, taking care of
finances, keeping appointments on time, handling arguments with people well known to
the individual, understanding new instructions. Correlations between these critical items
and WOC-R coping scales indicated that psychological denial was not responsible for impaired awareness on four of the critical items. These analyses revealed moderate
negative associations between; Positive Reappraisal and preparing meals; Positive
Reappraisal and washing dishes; Seeking Social Support and washing dishes; Distancing
and handling arguments with people well known to the individual. In addition, a moderate
positive association was found between Accepting Responsibility and impaired awareness
of deficit in taking care of finances. These results provide evidence that the critical items
differentiate between organically and psychologically based impairments of awareness.


title: The carcinogenic properties of naturally occurring human papillomavirus 16 E6 oncogene variants

contributor:
Zehbe, Ingeborg
Law, David
Schraft, Heidi

subject:
Human papillomavirus (HPV)
HPV 16 E6
E7 oncogenes
Cellular immortalization
Cellular transformation
Cervical cancer

abstract: Human papillomavirus is the causative agent of the 2nd highest occurring cancer in women, cervical cancer, which is the result of expression of the E6 and E7 oncogenes. Here we challenged the dogma that the oncogenic protein E6 requires co-expression of E7 for malignant transformation of human keratinocytes using common HPV16 E6 variants that are highly associated with cervical cancer: the Asian-American E6 variant (AAE6) and L83V variant of HPV16. The E6 variants containing the L83V amino acid mutation are more frequently detected in cervical cancer than the corresponding prototype HPV 16 as evidenced by independent epidemiological data. We set out to analyze in a cell culture study how these variants in the absence of E7 perform during vital steps of carcinogenesis and assessed their ability to immortalize and transform primary human foreskin keratinocytes (PHFKs). Their migration ability, a hallmark for invasiveness and/or metastasis, was also investigated. Immortalization capability was based on population doublings, number of passages, surpassing Mortality Stages 1 and 2, telomerase reverse transcriptase expression and the ability to overcome G1 arrest via p53 degradation. Transformation and migration efficiency were analyzed by a combination of functional cell-based assays. For the first time, we observed that all E6 proteins alone were sufficient to immortalize PHFKs, with the AAE6 variant being the most proficient. The AAE6 variant protein alone also pushed PHFKs through transformation and significantly increased their migration ability over that of the PHFKs expressing L83V and E6 prototype proteins. Our findings are in line with epidemiological data that the AAE6 variant confers an increased risk over the prototype for cervical cancer as evidenced by a superior immortalization, transformation and metastasis potential.


title: Semantic similarity between words and sentences using lexical database and word embeddings

contributor:
Mago, Vijay
Choudhury, Salimur
Benlamri, Rachid

subject:
Semantic similarity (Computer science)
Semantic analysis
Bloom's taxonomy
Corpus statistics

abstract:
Calculating the semantic similarity between sentences is a long-standing problem
in the area of natural language processing. The semantic analysis field has a crucial
role to play in the research related to the text analytics. The meaning of the word
in general English language differs as the context changes. Hence, the semantic
similarity varies significantly as the domain of operation differs. For this reason, it is
crucial to consider the appropriate definition of the words when they are compared
semantically.
We present an unsupervised method that can be applied across multiple domains
by incorporating corpora based statistics into a standardized semantic similarity algorithm.
To calculate the semantic similarity between words and sentences, the proposed
method follows an edge-based approach using a lexical database. When tested
on both benchmark standards and mean human similarity dataset, the methodology
achieves a high correlation value for both word (Pearsons Correlation Coefficient =
0.8753) and sentence similarity (PCC = 0.8793) while comparing Rubenstein and
Goodenough standard; and the SICK dataset (PCC = 0.8324) outperforming other
unsupervised models.
We use the semantic similarity algorithm and extend it to compare the Learning
Objectives from course outlines. The course description provided by instructors is
an essential piece of information as it defines what is expected from the instructor
and what he/she is going to deliver during a particular course. One of the key components
of a course description is the Learning Objectives section. The contents of
this section are used by program managers who are tasked to compare and match
two different courses during the development of Transfer Agreements between various
institutions. This research introduces the development of semantic similarity
algorithms to calculate the similarity between two learning objectives of the same domain.
We present a methodology which deals with the semantic similarity by using a
previously established algorithm and integrating it with the domain corpus to utilize
domain statistics. The disambiguated domain serves as a supervised learning data for
the algorithm. We also introduce Bloom Index to calculate the similarity between
action verbs in the Learning Objectives referring to the Bloom's taxonomy.
We also study and present the approach to calculate the semantic similarity between
words under the word2vec model for a specific domain. We present a methodology
to compile a corpus for a specific domain using Wikipedia. We then present
a case to show the variance in the semantic similarity between words using different
corpora. The core contributions of this thesis are a semantic similarity algorithm for
words and sentences, and the corpus compilation of a specific domain to train the
word2vec model. We also provide the practical uses of algorithms and the implementation.


title: Implementation of the Heart Healthy Kids Toolkit by elementary school teachers in Thunder Bay and the factors that affect its use in the classroom

contributor:
Rahim, Medhat
Grover, Sonja

subject: Heart Healthy Kids Program

subject: Health education (Elementary) Ontario Thunder Bay

subject: Physical fitness for children (Ontario Thunder Bay)

abstract:
The Heart Healthy Kids Toolkit (HHKT) is a health and physical education resource that
elementary school teachers may use to help teach their students about the importance of being
physically active, eating healthy, and living a smoke-free lifestyle (subsequently referred to as a
heart healthy lifestyle). The focus of this study was to determine the level o f awareness and use
of the HHKT amongst elementary school teachers in Thunder Bay, and to identify factors that
may be associated with its implementation in the classroom. Five hundred and twenty-nine
elementary school teachers selected from 34 of the 50 public and separate elementary schools in
Thunder Bay were asked to complete a seven-page survey. The survey answered the following
research questions:
1. How many teachers are aware of the HHKT and how many of them used it during the
2001/02002 school year and to what extent and at what level?
2. How does the relative advantage, complexity, compatibility and observability of the HHKT
affect its implementation in the classroom?
3. How does the current organizational and political climate, and the teachers training,
educational background, HHKT implementation self-efficacy, self efficacy about teaching
physically active health and physical education classes affect HHKT implementation?
The overall response rate was 20% (n=107). Of the 107 total respondents, 30 identified that they
were aware of the HHKT (i.e. 28%). Sixteen of the 30 (53%) respondents who were aware o f the
HHKT indicated that they have used it during the 2001/02 school year. The factors that are most
closely associated with its use were the respondents implementation self efficacy, the HHKT's
perceived complexity, their awareness and concern for the health and physical education
discipline and the perceived relative advantage of the HHKT over existing health and physical
education resources.


title: Power, participation and relationships: an evaluation of decentralization in the planning and management of Quetico Provincial Park

contributor:
Smith, Peggy
Yuan, Mike

subject:
Protected area planning
Quetico Provincial Park
Governance
Decentralization
Public participation
Social capital

abstract:
There has been a global trend towards the decentralization of protected area planning and management. This study used a decentralization framework to determine if the planning and management of Quetico Provincial Park has been decentralized since its inception in 1909. The study found that public participation in the planning and management decision-making process has increased, but that decentralization has not
occurred. However, it was found that even though actors such as local communities, ENGOs, and tourism outfitters do not have the power to make planning and management decisions, they are able to influence the decision-makers through participating in the process and developing relationships with all actors including the government representatives.


title: Performance and emissions of a DI diesel engine fueled by different biodiesel blends

contributor:
Wang, Wilson
Murari, Roy
Ismail, Basel I.

subject:
Biodiesel history
Production of biodiesel
Biodiesel properties
Biodiesel's emissions and performance

abstract:
Biodiesel has been a promising clean alternative fuel to fossil fuels, which reduces the emissions that are released by fossil fuels, and possibly reduces the energy crisis caused by the exhaustion of petroleum resources in the near future. Biodiesel is replacing diesel as an alternative fuel for internal combustion engines. Previous research studies have shown that biodiesel can greatly reduce carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC) and particulate matter (PM) emissions compared to diesel fuels, but very few studies have shown a reduction in total nitrogen oxides (NOx). At present, B20 (20% biodiesel in the total fuel mix) is being used commonly in the US due to its material compatibility to changing weather conditions, emission benefits and costs. Currently, Canada is planning to use 5% of biodiesel by 2015.
The objective of this study is to test the feasibility of biodiesel in cold climates such as Canada. The biodiesel used is made of canola oil obtained from a local supermarket and winter diesel is used as a reference fuel. Three different series were used. The first series was biodiesel/diesel with six blends (B0, B5, B10, B20, B50 and B100). The second series was biodiesel/diesel plus 2% of a chemical additive (B0, B5A, B10A, B20A, B50A and B100A).
The final was kerosene/biodiesel series (K0, K5, K10, K20, K50 and K100). Chemical additive (Wintron XC30) is used to lower the cloud point of the blends and this is the first attempt to investigate its effect on engine emissions. On the other hand, there are limited studies on kerosene being treated as a blending fuel, where it is mainly used to lower the cloud point of the blends to investigate the feasibility of biodiesel in a cold climate such as the winter season in Canada and suggest an appropriate solution for the future of biofuel.
Engine performance and emission concentrations are investigated by determining the break specific fuel consumption (bsfc), fuel conversion efficiency and measuring emission concentrations of CO, HC, NO, NO2 and NOx using gas analysers. Engine tests are performed on a constant rated speed at three different load conditions. A comparison is made for the three series. Most of the blends have shown improved emissions compared to fossil diesel. B5A demonstrated a lower cloud point than fossil diesel, and the kerosene series showed excellent results at high load conditions.


title: Effect of group goals on group performance

contributor:
Farrell, Joey
Taylor, Jane
McAuliffe, Jim

subject:
Goal (Psychology)
Social psychology
Motivation (Psychology)

abstract:
The purpose o f the present study was to investigate the effect o f group goal difficulty and
group goal commitment on group performance. In addition, it was also to investigate two
mediating processes, effort and cooperation, using Weldon and Weingart’s (1993) model o f group
goals and group performance in the sport and motor domain. Twenty-four groups o f three people
each performed a 2-minute triangle basketball passing task. The groups were randomly assigned
to two different goal conditions: easy goals or hard goals. The design was a 2 (goal conditions) x
2 (pre/posttest) mixed factorial with repeated measures on the last factor. Performance results
indicated a significant goal condition by test interaction effect. The post hoc analysis showed that
the hard goal groups exhibited significantly more improvement than the easy goal groups. No
significant differences were found for goal commitment, effort, or cooperation. Results are
discussed in terms of Weldon and Weingart’s model and Locke and Latham’s goal setting theory
as well as some recent research about goal setting in sport setting.


title: The impact of golf courses on nutrient dynamics from developed areas

contributor:
Kanavillil, Nandakumar
Murray, Christopher
Lee, Peter
Kurissery, Sreekumari

subject:
Nutrient pollution
Impact of fertilizer treatment

abstract: Proper management strategies aimed at reducing the export of excess nitrogen and phosphorus to water bodies are fundamental for resolving nutrient pollution and eutrophication. Golf courses are more intensely managed than residential expanses of turfgrass, increasing the possibility of their acting as a source of nutrient export to inland water bodies. Experimental turfgrass mesocosms were established and nutrient concentrations of influent, runoff and infiltrate was examined by performing rain and storm simulations. The purpose of this research was to investigate how the variables of two grass species, three seed densities and five fertilizer treatments influence the concentration of phosphate, nitrate, total suspended solids (TSS), total phosphorus and total nitrogen in the infiltrate and runoff. Attempts were made to collect winter snowmelt to examine the effect of seasonality on the concentrations of studied nutrients. Completion of this study did not indicate that grass species, seed density or fertilizer treatment had a significant influence during rain simulations. However during storm simulations significant differences were noticed. Fertilizer treatment significantly influenced infiltrate phosphate concentrations and average runoff phosphate (0.93mg/L) was higher than the infiltrate (0.30mg/L). TSS was the only parameter studied that was lower than the inlet water (78.6mg/L) in both the runoff (16.7mg/L) and infiltrate (5.8mg/L). Winter snowmelt experiments also showed significant differences in phosphate concentrations between grass species with average concentrations of 1.58 mg/L for Creeping bentgrass and 0.85 mg/L for Kentucky bluegrass. Thus, the results of this study suggest that turfgrass can mitigate phosphate exports to inland water bodies.


title: Transforming ordinary linear differential equations to constant coefficient differential equations

subject:
Differential equations, Linear
Differential invariants

abstract:
The main purpose of this thesis is to give a characterization
of nth order linear homogeneous differential equations that can be
transformed into constant coefficient differential equations. The
characterization given makes use of invariance theory originated
by G. H. Halphen around 1880.
Chapter 1 gives an introduction to the problem of transforming
ordinary linear homogeneous differential equations into constant
coefficient differential equations. Chapter 1 includes an example
as well as enough of the theory of invariants to give a proof of
the main theorem of this thesis.
Chapter 3 is a development of the transform equations that we
make use of throughout this thesis. That is, we make changes of
the dependent variable and/or independent variable of a given
differential equation. The transformed equation is expressed in
terms of the coefficients of the original differential equation and
the functions used to define the changes of variables that we have
made.
In the last section of Chapter 4, we prove an important
invariance relation that is used in Chapter 5. The rest of Chapter
4 contains invariance results that are of historical interest as
well as being a prelude to the results of Chapter 5.
Chapter 5, the most important chapter of this thesis, concerns
the invariance theory of Halphen. This invariance theory is needed
to give the characterization of nth order differential equations that
can be transformed into constant coefficient differential equations.
Chapter 6 is devoted to applying the preceding theory to the
solution of differential equations that can be transformed into
constant coefficient differential equations.
The appendix contains some interchange of summation formulas
that we use throughout the thesis.


title: Academic achievement, personality and boarding home habits of Ojibwa high school students

subject:
Indians of North America
Psychology
Ojibwa Indians

abstract: The present study was undertaken for the purpose of gathering objective information pertaining to the nature of the Ojibwa personality as well as investigating the role of the native personality structure in school performance. In addition, a questionnaire pertaining to boarding home habits was employed for the purpose of gathering data concerning the relationship between the houseparent and native boarder and to determine whether academically successful native students tended to come from a firm or permissive boarding home atmosphere.


title: Analysis of improvement for turn on/off performance of the MOSFET gate drive waveform

subject: Metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors

abstract: This thesis shows that the gate waveform of a power MOSFET driven by a specialized driver chip used in industry is imperfect and induces increased power loss in the MOSFET and lowers overall efficiency. The accurate measurements and analysis of the RLC parameters for the transmission line connecting the driver to the MOSFET are presented and a mathematical model for the line is developed based on ABCD parameters. The transmission line is characterized by experimentally measuring the frequency response of the line and extracting the parameters of the line using the mathematical model. Spice simulations and experimental results confirm the results of the extraction process. The simplified Spice model of the power MOSFET driver is developed in conjunction with the transmission line model and simulated with power source circuitry to match the experimental results. Length of the transmission line is changed in Spice simulation to confirm the dependency of length of the line with the performance of the driver. Finally, the slew rate of the gate waveform is shown to improve by inserting a capacitor to split up the transmission line in half. The result is confirmed experimentally.


title: Writing the ascent : narrative and mountaineering accounts / by Justin Allec.

contributor:
Ivison, Douglas
Flegel, Monica
Cuthbertson, Brent

subject: Mountaineering - Social aspects.

abstract: Mountaineering is an activity traditionally practiced in remote areas of the world by a select few participants. Upon returning from an expedition, some mountaineers retrospectively publish their account as a testament of the experience. This is a common practice in the mountaineering subculture, and encouraged by the fact that an account can also act as a guide to the mountain for later expeditions. This thesis argues that this practice becomes troubling because even as later expeditions attempt to distinguish their ascents from their predecessors, a similar framework of ideals is reiterated. The expedition's actions can be justified using frameworks based on domination of the environment and indigenous cultures. The repetition of these ideals is encouraged by the teleological narrative adopted by the authors to describe the episodic order of the expedition as well as the goal of the summit. However, this common narrative, as well as the subject matter, also allows accounts to be read in dialogue with one another.


title: Nb-mineralization of the Oka Carbonatite Complex, Quebec

subject:
Niobium ores Quebec (Province)
Pyrochlore-group minerals
Perovskite-group minerals
Zirconolite
Niocalite

abstract:
A representative collection of minerals &om two niobium deposits found within the Oka
carbonatite complex: the Bond Zone deposit; and the NIOC AN deposit, were analysed using an
electron microprobe, and compared with existing data from the St. Lawrence Columbium
deposit. These minerals are good indicators of the petrological evolution of alkaline rocks, and
can be used to re-evaluate the paragenesis of niobium mineralization, and the relationships
between Nb-bearing minerals. In addition, this study has revealed the presence of zirconolite as
an accessory mineral in calciocarbonatite.
At Oka, pyrochlore typically occurs as euhedral- to -subhedral crystals, rarely as
aggregates and clusters. Back-scattered images, coupled with microprobe analyses, reveal
complex compositional zoning in pyrochlore, which undoubtedly reflects changes in the fluid
composition during the growth of the mineral. Large compositional variations were observed for
the major oxides of the pyrochlores: CaO (ranging f-om 4.1-34.8 wt. % oxide), TiO2 (2.3-40.4
wt. %), Nb2O5 (20.1-58.1 wt. %), ThO2 (0.3-18.2 wt. %), and UO2 (0.1-28.0 wt. %).
Ceriopyrochlore, cerium pyrochlore, and uranpyrochlore exhibit the greatest .4-site vacancies,
ranging &om 8.1-62.5 %. Of the REEs, only Ce is present at high concentration levels (ranging
&om 2.1-15.8 wt. %). Of note is the significant content of ZrO2, which ranges from 0.9-16.3 wt.
%. An .4-site substitution in the pyrochlore-group minerals has been identified between
(REE+U+Th) and (Na+Ca), as well as a 5-site substitution between (Nb+Ti) and Zr.
Latrappite and Nb-rich members of the perovskite-group are found occurring as euhedral to
-subhedral crystals. Both oscillatory and patchy zonation in the Oka perovskites has been
identified using back-scattered imaging. Small compositional variations are observed in the
mtyor oxides of both the latrappite- and -perovsldte end-members. Oka perovskites are slightly
enriched in the LREE's, Ce being the dominant LREE (averaging 3.5 wt. % oxide).
Zirconolite is commonly found as lath-shaped discrete crystals or intergrown with
perovskite and pyrochlore-group minerals. Oka zirconolites have a large range of Nb2O5,
ranging from 11.5-25.8 wt. %. Compositional zoning has been identified using back-scattered
imaging, correlating with an increase in LREE toward the rim of the crystals. The zirconolite
compositions are similar to other calciocaibonatite-hosted zirconolites, with the exception of
their higher Nb contents.
The crystallization history of the NIOCAN and Bond Zone deposits cannot be deduced
from the observed mineral assemblage. The calciocarbonatite does not represent a liquid
composition, as it has a bulk composition which is determined by mixing material derived from
several batches of magma. The magmas with gave rise to the NIOC AN and Bond Zone seem
more evolved than those forming the pyrochlore-group minerals in the St. Lawrence Columbium
deposits, as the pyrochlores from St. lawrence Columbium are "less-evolved" in relation to the
NIOCAN and Bond Zone pyrochlores. The major conclusion of this work is that the
calciocarbonatites at NIOCAN and Bond Zone are hybrid rocks. Enrichment of specific
mineralized zones is probably dependent upon rheological 6ctors rather than compositional
controls.


title: Evaluating spatial variation in food web connectivity and energetics within the Lake Superior fish community

subject: Habitat coupling (Lake Superior)

subject: Lake Superior fish community & spatial bioenergetics

abstract: Habitat coupling integrates energy between habitats, a process known to contribute to food web stability, and has been observed in Lake Superior. The degree of coupling differs among species, but the extent to which it may vary across Lake Superior is unknown. A change in the degree of coupling may alter regional trophic transfer efficiency (TTE), which is the amount of energy that is available to be passed on to a successive trophic level. Spatial differences in habitat coupling and TTE in Lake Superior were evaluated using common fish species and their prey, collected from four geographically distinct regions and along a depth gradient. For each species, habitat coupling was assessed using stable isotope analysis, and bioenergetics models were created to estimate conversion efficiency (as a proxy measure of TTE). Species that exhibit diel vertical migration (lake trout, smelt, herring and bloater) showed more variability in resource partitioning with depth, especially in the deeper regions. Overall, there was a large pelagic reliance, but some benthic specialization was observed in the medium and deep depth strata. Lake whitefish and sculpin spp. showed a common use of pelagic resources across all depth strata within a region. Bioenergetic estimates exhibited opposite trends in lake whitefish and smelt across sampled regions, but lake trout bioenergetics were generally well conserved. Conversion efficiency showed a positive relationship with percent benthic reliance in lake whitefish populations and a negative association with percent benthic reliance in the smelt populations, suggesting species are better able to utilize energy from which they are most commonly associated. This study contributes to a better understanding of how food webs large lakes are structured, and the inherent variation in ecosystem function that should be considered in whole-lake modelling or regional management. Because Lake Superior is a relatively undisturbed ecosystem, these features can be compared with other large lakes and used as an example to identify common properties of healthy systems to protect or re-establish the functionality of disturbed systems.


title: Cyborgology and the limits of human and machine implosion

subject:
Cyborgs
Cyborgs in motion pictures
Cyber and socialist feminism
Cyborgs in media and cultural studies

abstract:
Introduction
Anxiety accompanies human/machine intersections. This condition is,
however, relatively new. Early work on machinic extensions of humans (men in
particular) for space travel occurred at roughly the same time as other forms of
technology, such as television, began to proliferate in everyday life. With the
increasing rate of this proliferation, some might say invasion, of technology, it is
now widely acknowledged the extent to which various forms of technology shape
our worlds. At times, this anxiety takes a phobic turn, questioning the extent to
which these technologies, as a whole, benefit human life on this planet:
In our more reflexive moments, we are suspicious that the
technological instruments intended to heal and bring us together -
the telephone, the automobile, the airplane, the computer, the fax
machine, medical apparatus - are in truth driving us further apart.
We fear that we are isolated bodies, plugged into technological
toys and tools but divorced from the comforts of human proximity
and touch. Even worse, the material products of technical-scientific
reason have proliferated until they promise to transform
the planet into a wasted metallic reflection of its misguided
demigod. (Rushing and Frentz, 1995:13-14)
Fear of isolation and environmental degradation and anxiousness about the
possibility that an increased relationship with and/or reliance upon technology
might mean that humans could not survive without machines; perhaps even that
human and machine are becoming integrated at the expense of pure'
humanness In short, the boundary between human and machine is becoming
blurred, if not eradicated. (see document)


title: The photochemistry of methoxy-substituted poly(acrylophenones)

subject:
Photochemistry
Polymers biodegration

abstract:
Poly(p-methoxyacrylophenone) (PMAP),
poly{3,4-dimethoxyacrylophenone) (P34DMAP) and
poly(3,5-dimethoxyacrylophenone) (P35DMAP) were exposed in the
form of dilute solutions and thin films to long-wave UV
radiation (see document) under high vacuum at 25 ± 1°C.
Photoreactions of these polymers occurred predominantly from
the carbonyl triplets. In addition, the photophysical
observations were consistent with the formation of low-lying
(see document) triplets which, in turn, was the result of substitution
of the aromatic ketones by electron-donating methoxy groups.
Quenching by both naphthalene and cis-1,3-pentadiene conformed
to Stern-Volmer kinetics. In all cases, methane and ethane
were formed, the quantum yields for their formation being
lower in solution than those observed for the solid state
photolysis. This resulted from methyl radicals formed by O-CH3
fission. The principal photoreaction in solution was a Norrish
type II decomposition which resulted in random chain scission.
The polymers also underwent colouration (yellow), and this was
attributed to the formation of quinonoid entities, their
precursors being the phenoxy radicals formed by O-CH3 fission.
The effects on chain scission of a number of additives with
varying transfer activities were found to be complex as rates
of chain scission decreased but not to the extent that would
be expected if H-transfer alone was occurring. Solvent quality
and polarity were also important. Similarly, the rate of chain
scission decreased with increasing polymer concentration, and this has been attributed, to inhibition of separation of
macrofragments (from the Norrish II reaction) due to polymer
entanglement.


title: Hamstrings contractile timing in anterior cruciate deficient subjects

subject:
Hamstring muscle Contraction
Knee Mechanical properties
Anterior cruciate ligament

abstract:
Anterior cruciate injuries are extremely debilitating injuries for active individuals. It is
estimated that 60 to 70% of all serious knee injuries involve damage to the anterior cruciate
ligament (ACL) (Brant. 1989). One of the functional roles of the hamstrings is to prevent the
anterior translation of the tibia, absorbing a portion of the anterior shear forces on the ACL
(Brant. 1989; Nordin & Frankel, 1989). Timing of the hamstrings contraction during gait
provides an important counter force to stabilize the knee. However, if the force occurs too early
or too late, stabilization is compromised. Electromyographical (EMG) research analyses
demonstrates that the hamstrings increase in actuation just before heelstrike (GaufBn & Tropp,
1992; Gronley & Perry, 1984; Phyllis, 1993; Johnstone, 1993). This response may be due to
training of the muscle to respond to spatial and temporal cues, causing a compensator)
contraction of the hamstrings (Schm idt 1988; Vlagill, 1989).


title: Folk schools: slow education for fast times

contributor:
Greenwood, David
Jickling, Robert

subject: Teaching and learning in a Folk School

subject: Legacy of Folk Schools

subject: North American Folk Schools past and present

subject: Modern Folk Schools

abstract:
Folk schools are an enduring vision of nineteenth-century Danish philosopher Nikolai Severin Grundtvig. These schools for life offer non-competitive, non-vocational, residential, youth and adult education. This thesis explores the historical and contemporary folk schools of the United States and Canada, addressing a lack of scholarly writing on North American folk schools. It is framed by the question, “What is the past and present state of folk schooling in the United States and Canada with respect to people, pedagogy, philosophy, and place; and what opportunities exist for folk schools to enact social change in today’s world?”
First I address the context from which this research arises: the history of folk schools. A review of the literature examines folk schools in national struggles for identity, and the lasting impacts of folk schooling in Scandinavia and in America. In the United States, the effect of folk schooling is apparent in contributions to the Craft Revival, Labour, and Civil Rights movements. The literature review also creates scholarly consensus around what constitutes a folk school.
I then develop an analysis of contemporary folk schools. Guided by methodologies of content analysis and comparative research, this qualitative, humanities-oriented research uses a historical and cultural lens for interpreting current web-based data and literature on folk schooling. I discuss contemporary North American folk schools and analyze them with respect to place, people, pedagogy, and philosophy. For the purpose of comparative content analysis, I examine folk schooling in five distinct yet related categories: The Originals, The Spiritual Schools, The (Quasi)State and Institutional Schools, The Grassroots Schools, and The Roving Schools. I then analyze modern folk schools as a unified branch of alternative, youth and adult education. In closing, I look to the future of folk schooling as sites of personal and social transformation, and suggest opportunities for living work that arise in response to this research.


title: Quantitative electroencephalographic amplitude, memory, and cognitive ability in Canadian First Nation adult offenders with and without solvent abuse histories / Michael R. Moland. --

contributor:
Netley, Charles
Mazmanian, Dwight
Hayman, Gordon
Newhouse, Ian

subject:
Electroencephalography
Inhalant abuse - Psychological aspects
Solvents - Toxicology
First Nations men.

abstract:
Most electroencephalographic (EEG) studies of solvent exposure have involved factory workers chronically exposed to industrial chemicals. Few studies have examined the neurological effects of recreationally abused solvents, and none have explored EEG and solvent abuse in Canadian First Nations people. Measures of EEG amplitude, working memory, cognitive ability, depression, and anxiety were used to compare adult First
Nations male offenders (n = 28) with First Nations male university students (n=14).  Offenders showed lower absolute theta and alpha amplitudes bilaterally. Compared to university students, they also showed significantly reduced scores on digit-span backward, letter-number sequencing, and a measure of nonverbal cognitive ability. No group differences were found for depression and anxiety. Offenders reporting a history of solvent abuse (n = 10) were also compared to those with no history of solvent abuse (n = 18) and controls (n = 14). Solvent-abusing offenders scored significantly lower than controls on digits forward, digits backward, letter number sequencing, and cognitive ability, while offenders without solvent abuse histories scored lower than controls on
letter-number sequencing and cognitive ability. Only digits-forward scores significantly differentiated solving-abusing from non-solving-abusing offenders. On EEG measures, significant group differences were found on absolute alpha amplitudes in eyes-open and letter-number sequencing tasks, with solvent abuse history offenders showing decreased alpha EEG amplitudes compared to non-solvent abusing offenders and controls. The
findings suggest that First Nations offenders reporting a history of solvent abuse show evidence of reduced memory performance and reduced cortical EEG functioning compared to non-solvent abusing First Nations offenders and First Nations controls.
Participants : 28 First Nations offenders from the Thunder Bay Correctional Centre (in Northwestern Ontario), 14 First Nations controls (Lakehead University Students) and 2 community participants.  Correctional inmates as a group reported a wide variety of past drug use involving (mainly) marijuana but also : gasoline, paint, glue, hairspray, barbiturates, opiates, and phencyclidine.


title: Self-consistent driven Bloch oscillations in excitonic Wannier-Stark ladder

subject:
Exciton theory
Superlattices as materials
Semiconductors Optical properties

abstract:
In this thesis, we present a theoretical model of Self-consistent driven Bloch oscillations (SCD
BO) of different types of charge carriers in biased semiconductor superlattices photoexcited
via ultra-short near-bandgap optical pulses. In this work, we wish to assess the influence of
the unbound continuum excitonic states on the Is excitons. This is modelled by calculating
the full dynamics of Is excitons and free electron-hole pairs, including the Coulomb interaction
in a mean-field approximation. All the calculations are based on a recently-developed Quasibosonic
treatment, by which we can study SCD BO to infinite order in optical field without
loosing the crucial intraexcitonic electron-hole correlations. T he interaction of Is excitons with
free electron-hole pairs is studied in both coherent and non-coherent systems. The numerical
results obtained are found to be partially in agreement with the experimental results reported
by F. Loser et al. [ Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 4763 (2000) ]. However, we find several serious
discrepancies that indicate that a more complete treatment may have to be adopted in future
work. Despite this, the work in this thesis provides some useful insights to the coherent response
of photoexcited semiconductor superlattices, and lays the ground work for fu tu re study.


title: Use of residual strips of timber by moose within clearcuts in Northwestern Ontario

subject:
Clearcutting Ontario, Northwestern
Moose Ontario, Northwestern

abstract:
Leaving strips of uncut timber within clearcuts has been
questioned as an effective option for moose (Alces alces)
management. Winter use of strips of timber was examined in six
study sites in Northwestern Ontario. Winter aerial track surveys
and spring browse surveys in 1987 and 1988 showed that moose used
areas near the strips of residual timber within clearcuts during
the winter. The area within 45 m of the strips was preferred
(p<0.05) in 2 of 11 cases and used as available in the remaining
9 cases. The area within 90 m of the strips was preferred in 5
of 11 cases and used as available in the other 6 cases. Aerial
track survey data also showed that moose significantly (p<0.01)
preferred the area within 45 and 90 m of cover. Analysis of
spring browse survey data showed no significant (p<0.01)
difference between the number of stems available or browsed that
was related to distance from the strips. Significant (p<0.01)
differences between the number of twigs available and browsed
were found but differences in browsing seemed related to
availability rather than increasing distance from the strips.
Snow surveys showed significantly (p<0.01) lower snow depths
within the strips than in the cutover. Snow depth and conditions
adjacent to the corridor may have been influenced by the strips,
but were also influenced by wind, terrain and ground cover.
Residual strips of timber were not being used specifically for
feeding areas but may have been used as escape cover, thermal
cover or as travelling areas.


title: Can heart rate variability biofeedback mitigate the negative consequences of a social comparison challenge?

subject: Heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV BF)

subject: Stress and emotion regulation in eating pathology

subject: Role of the autonomic nervous system and heart rate variability in emotion regulation

subject: Vagal tone and self-esteem as buffers of threat

abstract: The present study sought to explore the ability of a single session of heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV BF) to mitigate the negative responses to a social comparison challenge. One hundred and fourteen undergraduate females were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: high-HRV BF, low-HRV BF, and no-BF. Following a single 15-min BF session, whereby they followed their assigned instructional set, participants viewed fashion magazine images while instructed to compare themselves to the models based on appearance characteristics. Consistent with previous findings, the social comparison challenge increased negative mood and body dissatisfaction across the sample as a whole. The effect of the social comparison challenge on negative mood was moderated by dispositional body concerns, with those higher on this dimension experiencing greater negative mood after viewing the images. In addition, time spent engaged in social comparison processing was related to more negative responses. The main finding indicated that HRV BF was not effective in reducing negative reactions for the average participant; however, resting HRV moderated the effectiveness of the intervention. Specifically, those with low intrinsic HRV benefitted the most from the HRV BF and experienced the least negative mood reactivity in response to the images. Results are discussed in terms of their relevance to the social comparison literature as well as to the future implementation and application of HRV BF.


title: The effects of a reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training protocol on measures of cardiovascular and metabolic health in physically inactive individuals

contributor:
Newhouse, Ian
Sanzo, Paolo
Thompson, David

subject:
High-intensity interval training (HIIT)
Cardiovascular and metabolic health
Cardiometabolic benefits of exercise

abstract:
Cardiometabolic diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease are a
growing threat to the quality of life of the population. Exercise is a frontline approach to
treat and prevent cardiometabolic disease and its associated risk factors. The majority of
individuals, however, are physically inactive and fail to meet weekly physical activity
guidelines primarily due to time-constraints. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a
time-efficient method of exercise for improving physical fitness and reducing
cardiometabolic risk factors compared to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT).
Recent research indicates that the number of repetitions and duration of high-intensity
intervals can be reduced without attenuation of health benefits. This study recruited nine
physically inactive but otherwise healthy participants (6 female, 3 male) which engaged
in a 6 week reduced-exertion HIIT protocol. Participants were assessed before and after a
2 week run-in period, and again upon completion of the exercise protocol to assess the
effect on predicted aerobic capacity (VO2max), resting heart rate (HR), resting blood
pressure, heart rate variability (HRV), fasting blood glucose, peak power, mean power,
body mass, and body fat %. Participants improved predicted VO2max F(2,16)=6.33,
p=.009, peak power F(2,16)=10.84, p=.001, and mean power F(2,16)=20.87, p=.00006,
but no changes were observed in body mass, body fat %, resting HR, resting blood
pressure, resting HRV, and fasting blood glucose. In conclusion, a reduced-exertion HIIT
protocol with minimal time-commitment improved predicted VO2max, peak power, and
mean power and is a time-efficient alternative or adjunct method of exercise for eliciting
health benefits in physically inactive individuals.


title: Study of the relationship between health symptom reporting and mold measurements in First Nations housing

subject: Native peoples Housing Ontario, Northwestern

subject: Molds (Fungi) Health aspects Ontario, Northwestern

subject: Molds (Fungi) Environmental aspects Ontario, Northwestern

abstract: Study conducted in the First Nations community of Neskantaga in Northern - Northwestern Ontario, in the District of Kenora.

abstract:
The purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between health symptom reporting
and mold concentration in First Nations housing. Indoor air quality is increasingly becoming a
topic of concern for many homeowners, and the information on the issue is often controversial
and misunderstood. Various studies report that a range of health symptoms are associated
with being exposed to mold in the indoor environment, but there is still debate over which
symptoms are included in this association and the amount of mold to which an individual
must be exposed before the symptoms occur.
One study concludes that, while there is general agreement that visible mold in the indoor
environment is unhealthy and is a situation that must be corrected, the point at which mold
contamination becomes a health concern is not known (Robbins et al., 2000). Other studies
state that people experiencing mold-related health effects have diverse characteristics, and
that, as there are currently no health-based exposure standards for molds, it is difficult, if not
impossible, to predict who will experience symptoms and when (Bobbit et al., 2005; Rao et
al., 1996). Even though these studies have led to a significant amount of scientific literature,
unanimous agreement has not been reached as yet on whether or not mold in fact causes
health symptoms in the individuals exposed.
This subject is important, considering that it is reported that Canadians spend up to 70% of
their time indoors—perhaps even more in the coldest months of the year (la). Therefore,
when houses are contaminated with mold, the exposure time of the occupants is significant
and ongoing. Housing inequalities among individuals living on and off reserve have also been
recognized for some time. According to a report produced by the National Aboriginal Health
Organization (RHS, 2002/03), nearly half (49%) of families living in band-owned houses
report mold in their homes. This was confirmed in the 2003 Report ofthe Auditor General of
Canada (RAGC, 2003), which stated: “Mold contaminates almost half of First Nations
households.”
First Nations homes are also about four times more likely to require extensive repairs than
are Canadian homes overall (34% vs. 8%) (RHS, 2002/03). Exacerbating the problem is the
fact that First Nations members live in homes that are, on average, nearly twice as crowded as
Canadian homes overall (4.8 vs. 2.6 persons per room) (RHS, 2002/03).
There are significant gaps in the literature regarding the health effects of mold on First
Nations individuals. Very few studies have been conducted in which First Nations people
were the target population and in which mold measurements and reported health symptoms
were collected in a systematic fashion. This study was designed to bridge this gap by examining the association between reported health symptoms and mold concentration in an
entire First Nations community.


title: Peer acceptance, deviancy training, and victimization as predictors of adolescent problems : a search for personality moderators / by Hilary Cartwright.

contributor:
O'Connor, Brian
Mazmanian, Dwight
Netley, Charles

subject:
Peer pressure in adolescence
Bullying in schools
Adolescent psychology

abstract: "More recently, the importance of peer relationships with respect to the development of behavioural and emotional difficulties in children and adolescents has been acknowledged ... The extent to which individuals' experience acceptance or rejection from their peers, associate with deviant peers, or are victims of bullying have all been associated with internalizing and externalizing difficulties."--abstract.


title: Bio based phenolic resins and adhesives derived from forestry residues wastes and lignin

contributor:
Xu, Chunbao
Pulkki, Reino

subject:
Phenol
Phenolic compounds
Lignin
Phenol-Formaldehyde
Biomass pyrolysis
Biomass Solvolytic Liquefaction
Woody biomass

abstract:
The work presented here aims to produce bio-phenolic compounds from forestry biomass (residues, wastes and lignin), and substitute petroleum-based phenol with the bio-phenolic compounds to produce high quality bio-based phenol formaldehyde (PF) resins.
For the production of bio-phenolic compounds from biomass, alcohol (methanol or ethanol) and water showed synergistic effects on biomass direct liquefaction. 65 wt% of bio-oil and a biomass conversion at > 95% were obtained at 300 C for 15 min in the 50%/50% (w/w) co-solvent of either methanol-water or ethanol-water. At a temperature higher than 300 C, conversion of bio-oil to char was significant via re-polymerization reactions. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) analyses of the obtained bio-oils confirmed the presence of primarily phenolic compounds and their derivatives (such as benzenes), followed by aldehyde, long-chain (and cyclic) ketones and alcohols, ester, organic acid, and ether compounds. The Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) results suggested that hot-compressed ethanol as the liquefaction solvent favored lignin degradation into monomeric phenols. The X-ray Diffraction (XRD) patterns of Eastern White Pine (Pinus strobus L.) wood before and after the liquefaction displayed that the cellulosic structure of the feedstock was completely converted into amorphous carbon at around 300 C, and into crystalline carbon at about 350 C.


title: Assessment of magno-, parvo-, and koniocellular visual streams in migraine / by James Brazeau.

contributor:
Wesner, Michael
Mazmanian, Dwight
Netley, Charles

subject:
Migraine
Vision - Testing
Visual perception

abstract:
Although visual abnormalities have been noted in migraine, no studies have specifically sought to assess all three visual processing streams. We are the first to psychophysically assess visual functionality of the magnocellular (MC), parvocellular (PC), and koniocellular (KC) parallel streams at different hierarchical visual pathway loci across groups of individuals with migraine with aura (MA; n = 13), migraine without aura
(MWO; n = 14), and controls (o = 15). Participants completed four tasks: (I) visual field analysis using short-wave length automated perimetry (SWAP), (2) chromatic discrimination along cone-excitation axes using the Cambridge Colour Test, (3) chromatic contrast sensitivity across isoluminant bichromatic spatial Gabor gratings, and (4) luminance contrast sensitivity across heteroluminant spatial Gabor gratings. Our
results suggest that deficits are selective to short-wavelength-sensitive cones and the associated KC visual stream. Furthermore, functional inconsistencies and consistencies between our SWAP and chromatic discrimination measures and SWAP and chromatic sensitivity measures, respectively, provide evidence for a retinal locus of dysfunction in
MA that is compensated for at downstream locations within the KC visual stream.


title: Exploring the human dimension of Thunder Bay moose hunters with focus on choice behaviour and environmental preferences

subject: Moose hunting Ontario Thunder Bay (Psychological aspects)

subject: Human dimension of wildlife management

subject: Hunting motivations

subject: Tourism and moose hunting issues

abstract:
This study examined hunters' attitudes, preferences, and support for a variety of
hunting and resource management issues. The survey also included the first application
of a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to hunters in Ontario, to explore how changes in
environmental and social attributes influence hunter site selection.
The data used in this study were obtained from a mail survey of 1000 randomly
selected moose hunters residing within the District of Thunder Bay. Research objectives
related directly or indirectly to Ontario's Living Legacy program (1999), Term and
Condition 80 of the Reasons for Decision and Decision - Class Environmental
Assessment by the Ministry of Natural Resources for Timber Management on Crown
Lands In Ontario (Ontario Ministry of the Environment 1994), the Crown Forest
Sustainability Act (1995), specific moose hunting regulations, and biological issues in
moose management.
Survey results indicated that respondents support all three modes of harvest
registration proposed, especially registration by phone or by postcard. Most respondents
support the Hunter Safety Apprenticeship Program, however, program objectives should
be reviewed frequently in order to identify and address potential problems or
shortcomings, if any, that might disrupt the program's true intentions. Moose hunters'
concerns, and in some cases misconceptions, prove that so far forest managers have
failed to educate moose hunters adequately about the use of herbicides in forest
management. Respondents also reported little tolerance for improper hunter behaviour
afield. Management-related issues such as insufficient conservation officers afield, the
Selective Harvest System, and a variety of forestry-related impacts all impose some
negative effect on one's hunting experience. Respondents overwhelmingly support the
right to access and hunt all of Ontario's Crown Lands, whereas restrictions such as gating
to prevent access into tourism areas were not supported. Respondents were evenly split
on issues pertaining to road maintenance and restricting hunting on Crown Lands but not
closing roads to the public. With regards to moose tag allocation and hunting
opportunities, most respondents strongly believe that tourist outfitters 1) receive too many
adult tags, 2) should only be allocated tags in WMU's where a surplus exists, and 3)
should only provide moose hunting opportunities at remote (fly-in) destinations. The DCE
yields negative utilities for increased distance from home to the hunting area, frequency of
encounters with other hunters, height of tree regeneration and predominantly conifer
regeneration cutovers. In contrast, increases in moose populations, the presence of
lakes, and access, to a lesser extent, yield positive utilities.
Study results provide a variety of data which are useful in investigating the tradeoffs
of possible wildlife management initiatives (enforcement, access restrictions, hunting
opportunities and regulation changes), forest-use decisions (timber harvests), and other
policy objectives (Ontario's Living Legacy Land Use Planning Strategy) which would
particularly affect recreational moose hunters.


title: Classroom and blended-media : a case study of training delivery methods in Ontario child protection

subject:
Child protection training in Ontario
Computer-assisted instruction
Child welfare Ontario

abstract:
Within the last year, there have been 31,231 children in the care of Ontario Children’s
Aid Societies (GACAS, 2004). This represents a 65% increase in the number of children in care
since the implementation of the Ontario Risk Assessment Model (ORAM) in 1998. Collectively,
Children’s Aid Societies (CAS) in Ontario spent $1.085 billion net expenditures for the fiscal
year 2003/2004. This would be a 100% increase in net expenditures since 1998-1999 (OACAS,
2004). Furthermore, CAS protection workers received 157,883 referrals in 2003-2004. Of these
referrals, 73,190 were assessed but required no further investigation. The remaining 84,693
referrals resulted in investigations. There were 26,959 open protection cases as of March 30,
2004. In summary, this noticeable and dramatic increase in the number of children and families
who have become involved with CAS has affected the child welfare system as a whole. In order
to ensure that all children and families continue to receive quality service delivery, there is a
need to investigate the most appropriate means to train child protection workers.


title: Searching for incomplete self orthogonal latin squares : a targeted and parallel approach

subject:
Magic squares
Latin squares
Orthogonal Latin squares

abstract:
The primary purpose of this dissertation is in the search for new methods
in which to search for Incomplete Self Orthogonal Latin Squares. As such
a full understanding of the structures involved must be examined, starting
from basic Latin Squares. The structures will be explained and built upon in
order to cover Mutually Orthogonal Latin Squares, Frame Latin Squares and
Self Orthogonal Latin Squares. In addition the related structure Orthogonal
Arrays, will be explained as they relate to Incomplete Self Orthogonal Latin
Squares.
This paper also dedicates time to explaining basic search methods and
optimizations that can be done. The two search methods of focus are the
backtracking algorithm and heuristic searches. In our 6nal method the two
will work together to achieve an improved result. The methods currently
being used to search in parallel are also provided, along with the necessary
backup to there structure.
The main research of this paper is focused on the search for Incomplete
Self Orthogonal Squares. This is done by breaking down the problem into
four separate areas of the square. By separating the blocks it enables us to
work on a smaller problem while eliminating many incorrect solutions. The
solution methodology is broken up into three steps and systematically solving
the individual areas of the square.
By taking advantage of the properties of squares to constrain our search as
much as possible we succeeded in reducing the total search time significantly.
Unfortunately, even with our improvement in the overall search time, no open
incomplete self orthogonal latin square problems could be solved. Full results
and comparisons to existing methods are provided.


title: Body positivity as public pedagogy? The case of the #effyourbeautystandards movement on Instagram

subject: Hegemonic beauty

subject: Body positivity

subject: Public pedagogy

subject: Fatphobia and fat oppression

subject: Social media (body positivity, fat stigma)

abstract:
This thesis is a qualitative single-case study of the #effyourbeautystandards Instagram account
and hashtag as a site of public pedagogy. Using feminist critical discourse analysis, this study
sought to understand the ways it did and did not challenge hegemonic beauty standards for fat
women. The study was guided by two questions: 1) How does the #effyourbeautystandards
Instagram account challenge and/or reproduce hegemonic beauty norms? 2) In what ways does
the body positivity promoted by #effyourbeautystandards serve (or not serve) fat women? Data
consisted of the top nine Instagram posts using the #effyourbeautystandards hashtag account
collected daily for one week in December 2019. Analysis of visual and textual data contained in
the posts revealed that much can be learned from whose bodies were seen and not seen. Non-fat
and smaller fat women who were young, conventionally attractive, and performed traditional
femininity dominated. While there was racial/ethnic diversity, none of the fat women featured
showed any physical or other (dis)abilities nor were any of the women clearly members of the
2SLGBTQ+ community. The women only occasionally made benign statements about body
positivity, with most narratives and hashtags instead focused on advertising clothing brands,
pointing to the role of influencer culture and capitalism on Instagram. The findings illuminated,
then, that only certain bodies matter in the #effyourbeautystandards community on Instagram,
namely those that most conform to hegemonic beauty standards, and that fat activism has been
watered down by a body positivity movement coopted by capitalism. This study thus points to
the limits of Instagram as a site for fat public pedagogy and the continued need for fat activism
that ensures inclusion and positive representation of truly diverse fat bodies.


title: Health condition monitoring of civil structures using time varying autoregressive models

contributor:
Wang, Wilson
Sadhu, Ayan
Deng, Jian
Bai, Hao

subject:
Structural health monitoring
Damage detection techniques

abstract: In recent years, there have been an increasing interest in long-term monitoring of civil structures, as the research community has been alarmed by some tragic events and collapses of bridges and buildings that pointed out the vulnerability of some existing structures and the uncertainties in their analysis for monitoring and maintenance purposes. SHM is the measurement of the operating and loading environment; as well as the critical responses of a structure to track and evaluate the symptoms of incidents, anomalies, damage and/or deterioration which may affect operation, serviceability, safety and reliability. Although many damage detection techniques were applied to scaled models or specimen tests in controlled laboratory environments, the performance of these techniques in real operational environments is still questionable and needs to be validated. Often damage sensitive features employed in these damage detection techniques are also sensitive to changes of environmental and operation conditions of the structure. The objective of this study is to propose a new Time Varying Autoregressive (TVAR) modeling technique for SHM of large-scale structures like bridges and buildings. TVAR model, a method by virtue of its nature is applicable for modeling data whose spectral content varies with time. The research is conducted to critically understand the effective performance of the structures under various loads and health conditions, and detect their operational anomalies using the proposed data-driven technique. In this research, an attempt is made to alleviate the use of system identification method where TVAR modeling is conducted directly on the data. The proposed method does not depend on the complicated algorithms and free of any other user-defined parameters. In pursuance of applying the proposed data-driven technique, the data collected on site are essentially paramount. Data inherently used are mainly obtained from experiments, as well as the data acquired from the Harbin Institute of Technology in fulfillment of a full-scale validation. The proposed TVAR technique detects not only the occurrence of structural damage, but also the location of damage. Whereas the TVAR developed captures the changes in the time domain, for comparison, Stochastic Subspace System Identification (SSI) method is applied to the experimental data. The method is used because it is an important tool that captures the frequency changes, as the SSI tracks the changes in the frequency domain. Using both experimental and full-scale studies, it is shown that the proposed TVAR technique and the comparable SSI method applied, can therefore be considered as a useful tool for SHM.


title: Interpersonal complementarity and rigidity in close relationships : a test of predictions from interpersonal theory / by Lauren Mount.

subject:
Interpersonal relations
Personality assessment
Rigidity (Psychology)

abstract: Participants were undergraduate psychology students at Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario.

abstract:
Interpersonal theory states that in our interactions with others, we seek information
that validates our self-concepts. Thus, we emit behaviors which elicit
complementary responses from others. Individuals with psychopathology are
believed to manifest greater interpersonal rigidity, which is characterized by an
inflexible interpersonal style. As a result, they are hypothesized to exert a stronger
pull for complementary responses from others. In the present study, participants
and a significant other of their choosing each completed three versions of the
Revised Interpersonal Adjective Scales (lAS-R; Wiggins, Trapnell, & Phillips,
1988), for Self- in-General, for Self-with-Other, and Other-with-Self, They also
completed the short form of the Personality Assessment Inventory and a measure of
positive regard for self and other. The following hypotheses were examined: (1)
psychological disturbance will be associated with interpersonal rigidity, (2) the
partners of individuals with rigid interpersonal styles will experience a greater pull
for complementary responding, and (3) greater rigidity will be related to lower
positive regard for self and other. Some forms of psychological disturbance were
related to rigidity in specific behavior types and there was partial support for the
relation between rigidity and lower positive regard. However, the results for
complementary responding were inconsistent.


title: Niizhaaweynima-nimama (Mother Earth Song)

contributor:
Cormier, Paul
Desmoulins, Leisa

subject: Indigenous education

subject: Traditional teachings

subject: Indigenous scholar's success (Eurocentric educational environment)

abstract:
This study investigates factors that have contributed to other Indigenous Peoples’
successes at the post-secondary level in graduate studies by interviewing Indigenous People that
have gone through the system and have graduated. The study examines how Indigenous ways of
knowing, seeing, doing and being contribute to an Indigenous scholar’s success while in a
Eurocentric educational setting. By exploring how Indigenous ways of knowing, seeing, doing
and being have contributed to the success of Indigenous People at the post-secondary and
graduate level, this may provide insight into helping future generations of Indigenous scholars
understand how Indigenous traditions assist them in fulfilling their responsibilities to family,
community, and scholarship. What was found was the importance of relationships and how these
relationships are woven into each scholars’ work through an Indigenous way of knowing, seeing
doing and being. The study is framed from the unique perspective of a traditional Indigenous
male, who is a single parent.


title: Autonomous navigation using image processing

subject:
Autonomous navigation
Mobile robots
Artificial neural network
Navigational vector field

abstract:
In the recent years, the pursuit intelligent and self-operated machines have increased. The human user is to be completely eliminated or minimized as much as possible. It is also popular now to observe machines that are able to do variety of tasks, instead of just one.
A division of intelligent robotics is autonomous navigation. Google, Tesla, Honda, and many other large corporations are trying to master this field, since the search for a self-driving vehicle is profitable as much as it is difficult. The research presented in this thesis is autonomous navigation for mobile robots in an indoor environment, but not limited to.
Some explored algorithms focus on navigating in environment that has been already explored and mapped. Algorithms such as modified A-Star and goal-based navigational vector field were tested for how effectively a path is planned from one point to another. The algorithms were compared and analyzed for how well the robot avoided obstacles and the length of the path taken. Other algorithms were also developed and tested for navigation without a map.
The navigational algorithms are simulated on different artificial environments as well as on real environments. Machine learning is used to learn and adapt to the robot’s motion behaviours, which enables the robot to perform movements as intended by the implemented navigational algorithms. Referred to in this thesis as the intelligence engine, a feed-forward artificial neural network was created to predict power delivery to the motors. Back-propagation algorithm is used alongside the neural network to enable supervised learning.
Similar to human vision, the algorithm relies mainly on image processing to obtain data about the surrounding environment. The data human eyes provide helps one perceive and understand the surroundings. Similarly, a Kinect sensor is used in this thesis to get 2-dimensional colour data as well as depth data.
A program was implemented to process and understand this arbitrary sequential array of numbers in terms of quantifiable values. The robot in return is capable of understanding target, obstructions, and is capable of navigation. All external data are gathered from one optical sensor. Many different algorithms were implemented and tested to efficiently detect and track a target. The idea is to make an artificial robot perceive its’ surrounding using 3-Dimentional image data and intelligently navigate the local surroundings.


title: Effect of seasonal training on selected physical and physiological variables of junior male alpine ski racers

subject: Anthropometry

subject: Muscular strength & power, motor ability, flexibility, aerobic power

subject: Anaerobic power & capacity

abstract:
The purpose of this study was threefold: 1) to investigate
the effect of seasonal training on anthropometry, muscular
strength and power, motor ability, flexibility, aerobic power,
and anaerobic power and capacity, 2) to investigate the
relationship between physical and physiological variables in
slalom (SL) and giant slalom (GS) performance, and 3) to
establish a regression equation to predict SL and GS performance
for junior male Alpine ski racers.
A group study research design was employed, which involved
pre-season and post-season tests. Measurements of SL and GS
performance were taken immediately after each test session.
Twenty one junior male Alpine ski racers were assessed for: i)
anthropometry following the International Biological program
(Weiner and Lourie, 1969) ; ii) muscular strength, power, and
endurance of quadricep and hamstring muscle groups using the Dual Channel Cybex II isokinetic unit and a Stoeling hand dynamometer
and also using vertical jump, box jump, and hexagonal jump tests;
iii) flexibility using the Leighton Flexometer and a sit and
reach test; iv) pulmonary function using the autospirometer AS-
700 (Minato Medical Science); v) aerobic power using a cycle
ergometer protocol (MacDougall, Wenger, and Green, 1982); vi)
anaerobic power and capacity using a cycle ergometer (Bar Or,
Dotan, and Inbar, 1977); and vii) anaerobic threshold determined
by locating an increase in the ventilatory eguivalent for O2
without an increase in ventilatory equivalent for CO2 and an
increase in FEO2 at the peak point of FECO2.
Three methods of statistical analyses were used to
investigate the results of the study: 1. Paired t-test of pre and
post-season results, 2. Pearson Product-Moment correlation
for both pre- and post-season results, and 3. Stepwise multiple
regression analyses of pre-season SL and GS performance and postseason
SL and GS performance.
The paired t-test indicated that slalom performance and hip
rotation degree significantly (p<.05) improved after the season,
and fatigue index for the hamstring muscle group in the left leg
showed a significant decline between pre- and post-season tests.
The Pearson Product-Moment correlation coefficient revealed
several significant (p<.05) relationships between skiing
performance (SL & GS) and selected variables as well as several
significant intercorrelations between the variables.
The stepwise multiple regression analyses revealed that age and hexagonal jump accounted for a large percentage of the
variability for both pre-and post-season SL and GS performance.
Additional stepwise multiple regression analyses were
applied to pre- and post-season SL and GS performance with the
independent variable "age" removed to investigate what other
predictors would account for the variation in the absence of the
age variable. In general, isometric quadricep strength in the
right leg accounted for most of the variance in 2 out of the 4
analyses and hexagonal jump accounted for most of the variance in
the remaining 2 analyses.


title: The Influence of wetlands and watershed geology on lake chemistry of five remote lakes in Northwestern Ontario

subject:
Mercury
Environmental aspects
Ontario, Northwestern
Methylmercury
Walleye (Fish)
Effect of water pollution on
Effect of metals on
Water chemistry
Geochemistry

abstract:
In chapter 1 of this study the relationship between spatial, chemical, and
biological factors and their influence on mercury concentration s in walleye were
examined. Water, sediment, and fish tissue samples were collected in the summer of the
2008 from 5 lakes near Aroland First Nation, in Nortwesthern, Ontario, Canada and
analyzed for metals, mercury, pH, and alkalinity. Arc GIS was used to extract spatial data
from base map s and digital elevation models, in order to calculate lake area, watershed
area, and wetland area for each study lake. Hg concentrations in fish tissue were
compared between lakes using a standardized length using an ANCOV A. The test proved
that a significant difference was present (p=O.OOOO with 95% confidence intervals).
Walleye (Sander vitreum) from Melchett Lake had the highest levels of mercury with a
mean concentration of 0,5505ug/g, while E snagami had the lowest at 0.2228 ug/g.


title: Ecotypic variation of black spruce in northwestern Ontario

subject:
Black spruce
Ecotypic variation
Soil types (Black spruce)

abstract:
The success of reforestation can be improved by selecting the appropriate seed source
for the site type. However, not much is known about the differences in using upland
versus lowland black spruce seed sources when making seed transfer decisions. A black
spruce provenance test consisting of 50 seed sources from across northwestern Ontario
was analyzed to determine if adaptive divergence of provenances originating from
different soil types was evident. Differences in height and diameter of black spruce
provenances planted at the 25th Side Road Tree Farm near Thunder Bay, Ontario were
examined. Soil categories were created based on the northwestern Ontario Forest
Ecosystem Classification (FEC) program. One-way and two-way ANOVAs were run for
each of the measured variables. The results suggest an absence of ecotypic variation
concerning soil types in black spruce.