title: Habitat and movements of overwintering Blanding's turtles (Emydoidea blandingii) in Nova Scotia

contributor:
Newton, Erica Jane (author)
(Herman, Tom) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2006

abstract:
Winter habitats of Blanding's turtle in a disjunct population complex in southwest Nova Scotia were examined to aid the Blanding's Turtle Recovery Team in conserving critical habitat for this species. Habitat (physical
structure, vegetation, water, and substrate depth) and environmental conditions (water and substrate temperature, ice cover, dissolved oxygen, and pH) were examined at eight overwintering (OW) sites, occupied by 46
turtles, and seven paired control (CL) sites. Environmental conditions were measured bi-weekly over two years (January-April 2005 and October 2005-April 2006). To investigate factors affecting turtle location and movement, 25 individuals were regularly radiotracked in the second year. Turtles overwintered fully or partially buried under organic substrate, resting on the bottom, or nestled in submerged vegetation just under the
water surface or ice layer. Movement to OW sites was gradual, but departure was rapid, and individual movements during winter did not exceed 11 m; movements were positively correlated with water temperature. Many physical factors and environmental conditions differed among OW sites, but were similar between OW and CL sites. OW sites had variable physical structure and vegetation, and contained abundant of submerged vegetation. Temperature ranged from 0.3-8.6°C in the organic substrate and from 0.3-7.6°C in the water column. Ice cover reached a maximum thickness of 30 cm. In OW sites, median DO ranged from
19.5-91.7 % and median pH ranged from 4.59-5.51. Data suggest that overwintering Blanding's turtles in Nova Scotia can tolerate a wide range of environmental conditions, but that suitable OW sites could be limited
because of communal, regular use of several OW sites.

abstract: Biology


title: First Baptist Church, Halifax: its origin and early years

type: Text Dissertation/Thesis

contributor:
Allwood, Philip G.A. (author)
(Moody, Barry) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

rights: The author grants permission to the University Librarian at Acadia University to reproduce, loan or distribute copies of my thesis in microform, paper or electronic formats on a non-profit basis. The author retains the copyright of the thesis.

subject: LE3 .A278 1978

abstract:
No abstract
Acadia Divinity College


title: Petrological and U-Pb zircon age constraints for metamorphic rocks of the northeastern Cape Breton Highlands, Nova Scotia: new insights into the geological history of the Aspy terrane

contributor: (Archibald, Donnelly B.) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Earth & Environmental Sciences

abstract: Geological mapping, petrological studies and U-Pb (zircon) dating were done to better  characterize metasedimentary and metaigneous rock units in the northeastern Aspy terrane, Cape Breton Highlands, Nova Scotia.  Foliated biotite monzogranite of the newly recognized South Aspy River pluton has a Silurian age (440.3± 2.1Maor 421.6 ± 4.0 Ma). An early Devonian age for the Glasgow Brook granodiorite pluton was confirmed at  415.7± 2.7Ma, consistent with a previously reported age of 416.0±1.9 Ma. U-Pb (zircon) ages from the Cheticamp Lake Gneiss of 416.9± 1.3 Ma and 415.9± 1.9 Ma, combined with mineralogical and textural similarities, suggests that the Cheticamp Lake orthogneiss and Glasgow Brook pluton may be related. Both the South Aspy River pluton and Glasgow Brook pluton were emplaced in a volcanic-arc tectonic setting and combined with ages of volcanic and plutonic rocks from other parts of the Aspy terrane indicate an extended history of arc magmatism from the early Silurian through the early Devonian. The plutonic units intruded metasedimentary rocks previously assigned to the Money Point Group but now named the Little Southwest Brook formation. The youngest detrital zircon population in a semi-pelitic schist sample provides a maximum depositional age of 441.2 ± 2.5 Ma. Mineral assemblages, lack of evidence for melting, and thermobarometry constrain peak prograde metamorphic conditions to <650 °Cat 5.5 –7kbar. Based on similar lithologies, includingcharac teristic pelitic rocks interlayered with amphibolite and marble as well as similar detrital zircon signatures, the Little Southwest Brook formation is interpreted to be part of the Cape North Group and correlative with high-grade metamorphic rocks elsewhere in the northern, western, and central Aspy terrane.  The igneous, metamorphic and deformational history of the area records the Salinic and Acadian orogenies and the Silurian-Devonian collision between the Aspy and Bras d'Or terranes.


title: North American farmland investments for retail investors

contributor:
Scully, Lee (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(MacLean, Stephen) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Business

abstract: Agriculture is an ancient practice that has shaped many cultures and societies as we know them today; given the historical importance of farmland and the colossal demand forecasted for agricultural output going forward, farmland is considered inherently valuable. With that said, it has traditionally been a private, family-owned asset on a global scale, excluding most retail investors from owning it within their investment portfolios. The literature indicates that should farmland become more liquid and available to more investors, they should seek to own it given its attractive profile as a diversifying inflationary hedge. This dissertation seeks to elaborate on this theory and update these findings with current data. Further, this research aims to highlight the lack of farmland investment opportunities for individual middle-class investors. The study uses North American farmland data to calculate farmland returns from 1995-2018, as well as Farmland Real Estate Investment Trust (F-REIT) data to calculate the returns of the  American listed farmland securities over the period of 2014-2018. The results of this study, using Sharpe Ratio optimization, indicate that direct farmland investments should comprise an allocation within the average middle-class investor’s portfolio. This is consistent with the literature (which is mainly focused on earlier time periods). Results also determined, benchmarked with the correlations of farmland with their publicly listed representatives (the two F-REITs), that there are no effective investment vehicles available to middle-class investors that adequately reflect the true risk-adjusted return profile of farmland.


title: Misplaced trust: the politics of cryptography from privacy to blockchains

contributor:
Pantalone, Robert (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Saklofske, Jon) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Politics

abstract:
Cryptography  is  an  increasingly  prevalent  means  of  securing  communication,  information,  and transmissions.    Its  politics,  however,  have  been  rarely  considered.    This  thesis  remedies  that  in three ways.  First, it maps the discourse of cryptography through the conventional opposition of privacy  and  security.    Comparing  two  debates  in  American  politics, it  argues  that  encryption technologies  correspond  with  a  shift  from  disciplinary  monitoring  to  the  mass  surveillance  of governmentality.    Second,  this  thesis considers  how  cryptography  mediates  relationships.  Examining cryptographic mechanisms themselves, it argues that encryption processes intermingle disparate epistemic orders to political effect.  They enact a distinction between those who can and cannot read a message, disposing actors to treat those in the latter category as adversaries.  Third, it  extends  these  findings  to  blockchain  technologies.    Situating  those  at  the  intersection  of  the security  practices  and  technologies  that  define  cryptography,  it
suggests  they  constitute  a  novel dispositif which protocologically produces knowledge to control contingent engagements.


title: Facial expression classification and morphing with machine learning

contributor:
Sifat, Samia (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Silver, Danny L.) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Computer Science

abstract:
Automatic facial expression recognition and facial morphing are challenging problems in the field of machine learning and computer vision.  In this thesis, we design and implement an automatic web-based system for facial expression recognition and facial morphing  using  machine  learning  with  deep  neural  network  and  transfer  learning. The website captures a photo desktop, laptop or phone, automatically detects a face,
crops  and  pre-process  the  image,  and  sends  it  two  machine  learning  models.   One neural  network  model  classifies  the  facial  expression  as  being  happiness,  sadness, surprise, anger, fear, disgust or neutral.  The second deep learning model transforms the pre-processed facial image into one of six expressive states, not included neutral, as requested by the user.  Our system was tested on an independent set of images using a K-fold cross validation with a collection of images of 184 people. The proposed classification model achieved an F−measure of 94%.  The morphing model achieved an accuracy of 89.64% on test data by comparing the original image and the generated image, using the Mean Absolute Error.  The final website, face-morph.com, is capable of accurately classifying and morphing a facial image.


title: A performative theory of anarchism: doing direct action with Judith Butler, John Holloway and Ursula K. LeGuin

contributor:
Penney, Jason (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Brittain, James) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Politics

abstract: Anarchism is often referred to as a reaction to and against the State. Seldom is it regarded as an expressive and localized form of politics within the micropolitics of communities. This thesis offers an alternative understanding of anarchism that proposes that anarchist principles and direct actionism hold the capacity to shape alternative ideas surrounding anarchist thought today . It explores the question: how can anarchism be understood as a performative theory of action located in the intimacies of the here and now? Beginning with a review of nearly two hundred years of anarchist thought, this thesis explores how anarchism may be theorized as a performative process. Through the works of Judith Butler, John Holloway and Ursula K. Le Guin’s science fiction novel The Dispossessed, the thesis proposes that anarchism can be read as a performative process of ‘doing;’ constantly subverting norms and space to create liveable conditions on a micropolitical scale.


title: Plastic ingestion by seabirds in the circumpolar Arctic

contributor:
Baak, Julia (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Mallory, Mark) (Thesis advisor)
(Provencher, Jennifer) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Biology

abstract:
Plastic pollution ingestion by seabirds is an increasing issue of environmental concern, even in remote areas such as the Arctic, yet research and monitoring of plastic ingestion by Arctic seabird populations is limited and there are large knowledge gaps for many geographic regions. To fill these critical knowledge gaps, I conducted a literature review of plastic ingestion by seabirds in the circumpolar Arctic. Second, I reviewed marine plastic policies in the Arctic countries and examined how these policies apply to seabirds. Finally, I quantified plastic ingestion rates in four seabird species from the Canadian Arctic to evaluate species-specific and temporal differences in ingestion. Of the 51 seabird species examined for plastic ingestion in the Arctic, 53% had ingested plastic, however the majority have few studies, small sample sizes, and/or data that are more than 15 years old. Further, few marine plastic policies directly address seabirds or other marine biota, and policies are implemented inconsistently across regions, making it difficult to monitor policy efficacy. Plastic ingestion remains an issue in Arctic Canada, where I found that 72% of northern fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis) and 15% of black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) contained plastic, while thick-billed murres (Uria lomvia) and black guillemots (Cepphus grylle) did not. The number and mass of plastic ingested by thick-billed murres did not changeover timebut decreased in fulmars. This suggests that fulmars are ingesting less or smaller plastic pieces in this region
, but given the 10 year gap between sampling efforts, trends are difficult to determine. In order to monitor trends of plastic pollution in seabirds in the Arctic, both pan-Arctic and international collaboration are needed to implement standardized policies and consistent long-term monitoring programs for marine
plastic.


title: Perceptions of complementary and alternative medicine in oral health education, a qualitative exploration of a Canadian school

contributor:
Wade, Alma (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Vibert, Ann) (Thesis advisor)
(MacLeod, Anna) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Education

abstract:
Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) which is generally described as any healthcare modality outside of mainstream medicine, is being used by a significant portion of the general population creating an environment where it may be necessary for healthcare professionals to incorporate this knowledge into their education and practice. The literature is lacking lack with regard to research about CAM in dental and dental
hygiene curriculum and in relation to faculty attitudes toward the topic.  The purpose of this qualitative, single case study in one Atlantic Canadian University was to explore the attitudes of one institutions dental and dental hygiene faculty members towards CAM.  Faculty members opinions about CAM inclusion in curriculum, and their perceptions about issues and benefits relating to the topic were explored.  This information
maybe useful in reshaping curriculum, faculty development, and encouraging further research with regard to CAM in oral health.  Semi-structured open-ended interviews were conducted with dental and dental hygiene
faculty members.  Questions focused on attitudes toward CAM, perceptions of compatibility with current curriculum, and perceived barriers and facilitators to incorporating CAM in to education and practice. The study has been undertaken from a constructivist view point.  The four-dimensional model of a curriculum framework by Lee, Steketee, Rogers, and Moran (2013) was used to guide the exploration of CAM in relation to oral healthcare education. The findings suggest that there are overall positive attitudes, however, a lack of knowledge on the subject exists and there is caution due to perceived lack of evidence.  Educators recognized the need for an information organizer so that more informed decisions about CAM in curriculum can be made.


title: Re-reading Canada: a critical discourse analysis of CBC’s Canada Reads

contributor:
Campbell, Hope (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Whitehall, Geoffrey) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Politics

abstract: n  this  thesis,  I  examine how  the narrative  structure  and  language  of  the novel form reproduces state authority and nationalistic discourse. In order to explore the novel’s state-reproducing  potential,  I  examine  two  years  of  the Canada  Reads competition:  the  2011 competition  to  choose  “the  ssential  Canadian  novel  of  the  2000s”  and  the  2014 competition  to  choose  “the  novel  to  change  Canada  now.”  Although  these  two  years present  two  different  ways  to  understand  Canada  and,  in  turn,  invite  each  panel  to champion different stories, both panels engage with similar discourses on what it means to be Canadian. While the CBC, the host radio network of Canada Reads, frames itself as an arbiter of Canadian culture and media, I am interested in how the novels are read by the panel to reproduce nationalistic discourses. Using the work of Benedict Anderson, Edward Said,  and  Walter  Mignolo,  I  will  map  how  the  novel  creates  national  community  and  is used  to  reinforce  hegemonic  state  structure.  Then,  I  draw  from  the  work  of  Leanne Betasamosake Simpson to discuss how different forms of storytelling can create different kinds   of   community. The   current   Canadian literary   imaginary exists   through   the marginalization of Indigenous and racialized communities, as such, it is vital to imagine different kinds of literary communities.


title: The role of stereotype vulnerability, belongingness, life satisfaction and utility value on university students' commitment to their academic major

contributor:
Bincik, Hanna (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Newman, Randy Lynn) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Psychology

abstract: The degree to which women expect, perceive, and are influenced by negative stereotypes pertaining to their abilities or interests acts as a barrier to them entering and persisting in science, technology, engineering, and math (i.e., STEM) fields. In this study, the impact of stereotype vulnerability on different aspects of university students’ commitment to their academic major (i.e., personal identity versus obligation and perceived costs) was examined along with the potential mediating effects of belongingness, life satisfaction, and utility value. Canadian undergraduate students (N= 496) enrolled in a range of academic majors (i.e., physical sciences [pSTEM], life sciences [lsSTEM] and non-STEM) were surveyed. Results indicate that women were more vulnerable to stereotypes than men, particularly in pSTEM. Moreover, women’s vulnerability to stereotypes served as an antecedent to reduced belongingness, a devaluing of their major, and reduced life satisfaction, all of which predicted lower levels of identity-based academic commitment. Findings underscore the importance of dispelling negative cultural stereotypes about women’s abilities, particularly within pSTEM fields, as a way of encouraging women to persist in these fields.


title: Opening the door to ambiguity: exploring queer identity and community through conversation and comics-making

contributor:
Moore, Avalon (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Vibert, Ann) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Education

abstract: This arts based, participatory action research (PAR) thesis is engaged in opening up space for queer creative expression and community-building beyond the restrictive bounds of heteronormativity. Guided by principles of queer theory, Rogerian humanistic psychology, and liberation psychology, my co-participants and I (all queer-identifying young adults between the ages of 21 and 27 living in Halifax, Nova Scotia) developed a collaboratively therapeutic group process, sharing our experiences and understandings of queer identity and community with one another through conversation and comics-making. Through the analysis of our artwork and our discussions, four themes emerged to describe what we each gain by attaching ourselves to the ambiguous identity label of queer: authenticity, self-determination, fluidity, and complexity. At the end of our group process, we created a zine which we offer as a window into our perspectives, in order to contribute to queer representation within counselling education and in the world beyond academia.


title: Sigmatropic rearrangements via the use of heteroallenes (ketenimine & keteniminium salts)

contributor:
Vinet, Laurent (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Drouin, Alexandre) (Thesis advisor)
(Lukeman, Matthew) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Chemistry

abstract:
This thesisis  split  into  two  distinct  sections each  section  corresponding  to  different heteroallenes (ketenimines and keteniminium salts).
In  the  first  section,  diverse  strategies  were  used  to  synthesize  ketenimines.  Although they  are  difficult  to  isolate  because  of  their reactivity;  their  synthesis  was  successfully achieved. The idea  was  to  use  these  highly  reactive  ketenimines  to  facilitate  Claisen rearrangements,  and  expand
a rearrangement  that normally  involves ketenes.  This  route eventually brought us to another heteroallene source: keteniminium salts.
The second section deals with the chemistry of the activation of amides. This chemistry is applied to the generation of a keteniminium salt. Recent works have shown their potential in  sigmatropic  rearrangements.  These  works  have  shown  that  keteniminium  salts  could undergo sigmatropic rearrangements with allylic ethers. The idea was to build on this body of work and to further develop the versatility of the method.


title: Vision and monstrous knights in Sir Thomas Malory's Morte darthur

contributor:
Hynes, Karen (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Whetter, Kevin) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: English & Theatre Studies

abstract:
This thesis aims to explore and expand on the definition of knighthood as set out in Sir Thomas Malory’s Morte Darthurthrough theories of vision and monstrosity. The connections established between monstrosity and knighthood are contrasted with an system of reputation and prowess. Despite this established
chivalric structure, renowned knights such as Balin, Gareth, and Lancelot also problematize the concepts of reputation and honour that knighthood is based upon. Deviant behaviour on part of these Arthurian knights offers a nuanced way in which knighthood can be read in the Morte Darthur, as ultimately, a successful knight must balance a kind of monstrosity in order to attain such status


title: Slash back: from Final Girls to final mothers in Wes Craven's A Nightmare on Elm Street and Scream

contributor:
Hope, Emma (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Pinder, Kait) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: English & Theatre Studies

abstract:
This thesis examines the last girl standing in two Wes Craven slasher franchises, A Nightmare on Elm Street and Scream. Film theorist Carol J. Clover calls this figure the Final Girl, the one who survives the massacre of the killer. I aim to synthesise the arguments of Clover and Julia Kristeva, in their respective theorisations of the Final Girl and the abject, while also extending their analyses to cover theoretical gaps in
the way horror film scholarship understands female characters.
The first chapter argues that Nancy Thompson and Sidney Prescott, the two Final Girls in A Nightmare on Elm Street and Scream offer a different model of the trope Clover theorizes. The chapter contends that these Final Girls are not masculinized virgin figures who act as stand-ins for a male sadomasochistic fantasy. Rather, they are characters who survive because of their wit and strength, not allowing themselves to be defined by the sexual standards that capture the classic Final Girl. These two characters survive despite their relationships (romantic and sexual) with male characters. They also disparage the tradition of viewing sex as abject and rather are motivated by their interactions with the killer figure, seeking to expel him as an abject threat rather than succumb to it. The second chapter proposes a new character model, the Final Mother, seen in Craven’s sequel films New Nightmare and Scream 4. This figure protects not only herself from a returned abject killer but also a child in her care. The Final Mother repurposes the trauma she endured in the original film in order to transcend the binary that seeks to categorize her as victim or monster. She emerges from the sequel film an agent of maternal heroism, who rids the abject threat once and for all. This thesis thus aims to extend Clover’s original trope to synthesize it with Kristeva’s theory, while also recommending the acknowledgement of the Final Mother, a grown-up Final Girl oft-ignored in horror scholarship.


title: Are sporting organizations preparing referees to recognize potential concussions in youth sport?: referees' experiences and education with concussions as influences on calling injury time-outs

contributor:
Coughlan, Erin (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(King, Colin) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Kinesiology

abstract:
Concerns regarding sports-related concussions (SRC) have grown steadily in recent years. The role of the referee in SRC recognition and initial management is unclear and has yet to be explored in a youth sport population. Enabling the referee as a stakeholder in SRC safety may mitigate the risk of further injury following an SRC. This study sought to explore the experiences and training undertaken by Nova Scotian Referees of contact sports including football, hockey, soccer and rugby to determine if they were equipped to recognize an SRC during a match. Ninety-eight referees (73 males, 24 females, 1 other) completed an online questionnaire exploring SRC education & experiences, SRC knowledge, and the role of the referee in supporting player safety. Independent t-tests and Single Factor ANOVAs were used to investigate significant
differences in SRC knowledge based on previous SRC education and amongst National Sport Organizations (P<.05). Ten participants (8 males, 2 females) participated in interviews to further deconstruct referees’ concussion knowledge and formal education. Referees had a moderate level of SRC knowledge that stemmed from professional and personal experiences. Thirty-four percent of participants had received formal concussion training, but only 60% of that was provided by their National Sporting Organizations. Those with formal education had significantly higher general SRC knowledge (P=.012) than those referees without.
Just 41% of referees felt adequately equipped to aid in the recognition of SRC by calling injury time-outs and 87% believed that more could be done to educate youth sport referees in SRC recognition. Participants
emphasized the importance of annual concussion education for all sporting stakeholders, using a multimodal approach for effective knowledge translation. This study highlights the need for increased support and harmonized education from sporting organizations for referees to contribute to SRC safety in youth sport. Support from all sport stakeholders will aid in fostering a sport culture that prioritizes SRC safety, mitigating additional harm following SRC, particularly in a youth sport setting when health professionals are often absent.


title: Into the unknown: exploring the association between intolerance of uncertainty and intimate partner violence

contributor:
Norris, Erin (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Bell, Kathryn) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Psychology

abstract:
The current study investigated the impact of relational uncertainty, jealousy, and intolerance of uncertainty (IU) on intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration. Participants (N=300) were recruited through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk and completed an online survey assessing relational uncertainty, jealousy, IU, and IPV. Behavioural jealousy was predicted to mediate the relationship between relational uncertainty and IPV perpetration and IU was expected to moderate the association between relational uncertainty and IPV perpetration. Path analyses revealed that behavioural jealousy mediated the relationship between relational
uncertainty and physical and psychological IPV perpetration. IU moderated the association between relational uncertainty and physical, but not psychological, IPV perpetration. Results suggest that those who are less tolerant of uncertainty may be more likely to perpetrate IPV.


title: Opening the invertebrate estrogen can of worms: no evidence that bisphenol-A disrupts regeneration via endocrine disruption in the polychaete annelids Pygospio elegans and Alitta virens

contributor:
Neumann, Eve (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Gibson, Glenys) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Biology

abstract:
While almost all polychaete species can regenerate, the physiology of regeneration and its regulation differs among  taxa.  Nereids,  for  instance,  lose  their  regenerative  abilities  as  they become sexually  mature
as  a result of a decrease in brain-derived juvenile hormone, with some authors suggesting estradiol may affect maturation. Pygospio elegans (Spionidae), by contrast, reproduces both sexually and by architomy,
which occurs as fragmentation followed by caudal (tail) and cephalic (head) regeneration. No endocrine influences on P.  elegans regeneration  or  reproduction  have  been  identified. Bispheno-A  disrupts regeneration
via mitosis  inhibition  and DNA  methylation  disruption,  and  as BPA  is  an  estrogen  mimic and a  potent endocrine disruptor in vertebrates, this raises the question of whether BPA has similar endocrine-disrupting
effects in polychaetes. To investigate whether estradiol affects nereid regeneration, if BPA exposure mimics the  effects  of  estradiol,  and  whether  potential  effects  in Alitta  virens (Nereidae)  differ  from  the  known
effects of BPA on P. elegans, I compared regenerate morphology between A. virens exposed to 1000 ng L-1 estradiol-17β, 3000 ng L¬1BPA,  BPA+estradiol,  or  seawater  (control),  with  parallel  experiments  on
regeneration  in P.  elegans.  No  significant  effects  of  BPA,  estradiol,  or  their  interaction  were  observed. Power to detect effects was reduced by sample size attrition due to infestation and by noise from the effects of infestation and of initial size on regenerate morphology.


title: Women’s wealth and financialization in rural Nova Scotia between 1910-1930

contributor:
Hollebone, Gillian (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Davis, Andrew) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Economics

abstract: This thesis uses Nova Scotia probate records to examine the level of female financial sophistication and wealth from 1910-1930. The wills of 149 women from Annapolis County women were read and analysed to determine the nature of their investments and wealth. The impacts of variables found in the wills such as marital status, location (urban vs. rural), wealth, and debt were all examined and found to have no strong relationship with whether women possessed different types of investments. From the levels of wealth described in the wills, a Gini coefficient of 0.78 was calculated, which shows extreme wealth in equality in the sample. This thesis deepens knowledge about the financial lives of mostly rural women in an understudied time period and shows the richness of detail available in probate wills.


title: A Planter success story: Handley Chipman's role in Cornwallis Township 1761-1799

contributor:
Walker, Peter Martin (author)
(Moody, Barry) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2004

abstract:
The New England Planters left an indelible mark on Nova Scotia's history. The migration that saw over 8,000 Planters arrive in what would become the Maritime Provinces of Canada was a major event of the 18th century. Despite being amongst the oldest English settlers in Canada, circumstances have long denied the Planters their rightful place in history. Only recently has scholarship facilitated a Planter revival. One of the more well-known Planters was Handley Chipman, originally from Sandwich, Massachusetts. Chipman was born 7 August 1717, son of influential public official, John Chipman. The elder Chipman
instilled in Handley strong religious morals, as well as a desire to succeed and will to serve his fellow man. After a successful business career in Newport, Rhode Island, Handley Chipman departed for Nova Scotia in 1761 as a part of the overall Planter migration. His reasons were doing so were not entirely clear.
Armed with his father's advice-and significant inheritance -Chipman took up his claim in Cornwallis Township on 7 May 1761, where he would prosper as a public official and storekeeper. Chipman was an influential member of the Cornwallis Township until his death on 27 May 1799. As Handley Chipman left more
literary remains than any other New England Planter, we are able to gain valuable insight into his life in Nova Scotia. Chipman's Memoir, Business Ledger, Last Will & Testament and several documents on religious affairs were central to the discussion. The resulting history of Handley Chipman, a Planter success
story, makes a worthy contribution to the steadily growing field of Planter studies.

abstract: History & Classics


title: Comparative morphology and demography of Peromysaus maniaulatus Wagner from Ile Haute and mainland Nova Scotia.

contributor:
Pulsifer, Mark David (author)
(Herman, Tom) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 1981

abstract:
Deer mice (Peromysous manioulatus Wagner) from Ile Haute and Bass River, Nova Scotia were examined primarily by snap-trapping between July 1980. and May 1981 in order to compare the morphology and demography of the two populations.
The island population exhibited life history traits generally associated with K-selection. Density, based on trap success, was significantly greater on Ile Haute than at Bass River. Sex ratios on Ile Haute favored females, while those at Bass River were nearly 1:1. Litter size on Ile Haute did not differ significantly from that at Bass River, but was significantly smaller than litter size obtained from a collective sample from Nova
Scotia. The Ile Haute population exhibited both a top-heavy age distribution and a significantly greater level of tail wounding for both sexes. Mean body weights and body lengths for both sexes of insular deer mice
were significantly higher for most age classes. Body length/tail length ratios on Ile Haute and at Bass River did not differ; however, adult females from Ile Haute had relatively shorter tails than the collective sample of
mainland females.
Deer mice from Ile Haute represent a "relict" population that has probably been isolated for at least 7,000 a. This population exhibits distinct demographic and morphological traits similar to those reported in other
insular deer mouse populations.

abstract: Biology


title: An immunohistochemical investigation for the presence of fibronectin in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar Linnaeus) alevins

contributor:
Ikejiani, Charles Essien (author)
(Lee, L.E.J.) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 1989

abstract: Attempts to localize a fibronectin-like molecule in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo Salar) were performed using indirect immunostaining. Tissue samples were taken from salmon alevin at hatching and two weeks posthatching. In the various tissues examined, no evidence of a fibronectin-like compound could be detected. Fibronectin is a ubiguitous adhesive glycoprotein that has been shown to be present throughout the phylum Vertebrata from agnathans to mammals. The lack of detection of this molecule in young Atlantic salmon tissues could be caused by various factors which are discussed.

abstract: Biology


title: Engineering realignment: an analysis of the United Alternative initiative

contributor:
Barnes, Paul J. (author)
(Stewart, Ian) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2001

abstract:
In 1998, Reform Party of Canada leader Preston Manning delivered a keynote address at his party's biennial convention in London, Ontario, where he proposed that his party explore the prospect of political realignment through a movement that came to be known as the United Alternative (UA) initiative. Its purpose was quite simple -unite conservatives of all partisan and ideological stripes (particularly members of the Reform and Progressive Conservative parties) under one partisan banner that would be capable of challenging the Liberal government in every region of the country, election after election.
This thesis employs a rational choice framework to examine Manning's reasoning, and seeks to determine the societal conditions that have produced political realignments in the Canadian polity. Using historical case studies, it was found that past realignments had emerged out of jarring societal events or charismatic leadership personalities that had been able to shatter existing bases of social support, leaving new movements in their wake.
The end result of the UA initiative -the Canadian Alliance -was partly successful in building a broader national conservative coalition. Ultimately, however, it was unable to provoke the jarring societal event or produce the charismatic leader needed to realign the system from its current bases.

abstract: Politics


title: An assessment of predation on turtle nests in relation to the spatial ecology of raccoons (Procyon lotor) in Kejimkujik National Park, Nova Scotia

contributor:
Oickle, David John (author)
(Herman, Tom) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 1997

abstract:
In 1993, Nova Scotia's Blanding's turtle (Emydoidea blandingil) population was designated Threatened by COSEWIC (Committee on the status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada) due to small population size and low recruitment. The RENEW (Recovery of Nationally Endangered Wildlife in Canada) Recovery Plan includes among its primary objectives an assessment of factors limiting
productivity. This includes an investigation of the effects of predation on productivity. It has been hypothesized that low recruitment is in part a result of intensive raccoon (Procyon lotor) predation;
however, there are few quantitative data on impacts of predation on Blanding's turtles within Kejimkujik National Park.
The overall objective of the present study was to provide quantitative data on the predators and predation rates of turtle nests and raccoon densities and home ranges in Kejimkujik National Park,
N .S., by trapping, radio-tracking and nest monitoring.
Seven raccoons were captured, and two were radiocollared and followed throughout the summer. Other species captured included a skunk (Mephitis mephitis), mink (Mustela vison), and porcupine
(Erethizan dorsatum).
Snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina) and Painted turtle (Chrysemys picta) nests were marked and monitored for predation. Of the 53 nests monitored all 19 predated nests occurred between June
7 and July 2, which coincided with the nesting season. The greatest nest mortality occurred in areas with intense human activity. All captures were made in areas with the heaviest predation, and
often raccoons were captured on the same night that nests were predated.
The female raccoon located in the group campground had a much smaller estimated home range (47.74 ha) than the male raccoon located in the Compound area (561.9 ha). Neither borne range
encompassed predated turtle nests; however, the edges of the male's home range were close to predated nests.

abstract: Biology


title: Marine nutrient transfer to three Atlantic Canadian lakes from the annual spawning migration of alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus Wilson, 1811)

contributor:
Hunt, Jillian (author)
(Stokesbury, Michael) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract:
Alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus Wilson, 1811) is an anadromous fish species that migrates annually  to spawn  in  lakes along  the eastern  coast  of  Canada  and  the  United States. Their migration provides an influx of crucial nutrients to freshwater environments through  carcass  decay and excretion  of  fecal  matter, eggs and  sperm. Stable  isotope analysis  performed  o n  aquatic  macroinvertebrates  from  three  lakes  in  Atlantic Canada determined that enriched 훿13C and 훿15N levels (indicative of marine origin) coincide with the alewife spawning migration. Significant enrichment of 훿13C was observed in Daphnia, Baetidae, and
Chironomidae in Gaspereau Lake, Daphnia, Baetidae and Rhyacophilidae in Jolicure  Lake,  and Daphnia and Rhyacophilidae in  Long  Lake.The  levels  of 훿15N were enriched by 3-4‰ between Daphnia–Baetidae
and Baetidae–Glossiphonidaein Gaspereau Lake;  Baetidae–Aeshnidae, Rhyacophilidae–Aeshnidae, Chironomidae–Aeshnidae,  and Glossiphonidae–Aeshnidae in  Jolicure  Lake; Chironomidae–Aeshnidae and
Baetidae–Aeshnidae in  Long  Lake.I  used %NCHS  analysis  and phosphorus assays on  alewife carcasses to  determine  the  quantity  of  nutrients in  alewives  that  would  be provided  by mortality from the annual migration. Alewife carcasses were categorized by sex and size and I determined that there was a significant difference of %N and %S between males and females. There was no significant difference in %NCHS or P between size classes or sex. Male alewife composition is 4.95 푔푓푖푠ℎN and 0.24푔푓푖푠 ℎS, and female alewife composition is 5.35 푔푓푖푠 ℎN  and  0.25 푔푓푖푠ℎ S.  CHP compositions are
25.05 푔푓푖푠ℎ 3.75 푔푓푖푠ℎ and  0.42 푔푓푖푠ℎ respectively.  This  information  can  quantify total nutrient  input  if  population  abundance, mortality rate, and sex ratio are known for separate alewife populations.

abstract: Biology


title: Let's be civil: the ambivalences of civility in novels by L.M. Montgomery, Sara Jeannette Duncan, and Nellie McClung

contributor:
Foote, Josh (author)
(Pinder, Kaitlyn) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract:
This thesis demonstrates that early twentieth-century Canadian novels by women authors normalize civility as a set of characteristics exclusive to white subjects. Daniel Coleman’s and Sunera Thobani’s respective works on the construction of Canada’s national identity reveal that compassion, politeness, and caring for others are the characteristics used to limit that identity to white English Canadian subjects. Coleman’s literary study, however, underrepresents the significant role of women authors and their women characters in the normalization of whiteness as a necessary component of the civil subject. Expanding on Coleman and Thobani, this thesis examines five novels written by women–L.M. Montgomery’s Anne of Green Gables (1908) and Rilla of Ingleside (1919), Sara Jeannette Duncan’s The Imperialist (1904) and Cousin Cinderella (1908), and Nellie McClung’s Painted Fires (1925). These novels represent women characters as crucial to standardising a model of civility that excludes non-white and non-British subjects from Canada. Chapter One lays a theoretical framework to understand the literary project of civility. Chapter Two examines women’s role as caretakers in insular communities limited to white subjects in
Montgomery’s novels. Further, Chapter Three analyzes the role women play in the trans-national relationship between Canada and Britainin Duncan’s novels. Finally, Chapter Four demonstrates that McClung’s novel contrasts Montgomery’s and Duncan’s models of civility by characterizing a white non-British woman as the guardian of Canadian civility. Ultimately, this thesis establishes that popular early twentieth-century women authors problematically normalize a construct of civility in the Canadian national consciousness that grants implicit privileges to white subjects.

abstract: English & Theatre Studies


title: A narrative analysis exploring the significance of social support networks for youth experiencing homelessness in rural Nova Scotia

contributor:
McCarthy, Tomi (author)
(Frank, Lesley) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Often the number of youth experiencing homelessness is not as clear in small towns, where shelters and services might not be as available as urban areas. This thesis explores the topic of homelessness in the context of rural Nova Scotia, focusing specifically on how a rural setting influences the services available for youth facing homelessness. This research looks to explore youths’ perspectives through a narrative case study, exploring how these youth access the services that are available to them, and examine the networks that facilitate collaboration between these supports. The method used in this research is semi-structured interviews with youth, to hear their stories and experiences navigating services and supports in the area to  understand the role that these networks play in their transition from homelessness. The findings highlight the need for this collaborative system to connect youth to various resources and services in rural areas. The data also presents the limitations of such services in addressing all of the complex issues that these youth experience, and points to structural causes of youth homelessness and the governmental role in social reproduction. This thesis presents the outcome of gaps in the neoliberal approach to social welfare in Canada and argues that these social service provisions fill the role of social reproduction through helping to facilitate social capital through their outreach and connection, and that these systems of support play a key role in youth transitioning into adulthood.

abstract: Sociology


title: Crop and weed stem classification with convolutional long short-term memory networks

contributor:
D'Arnall, Dieudonné N. (author)
(Chipman, Hugh) (Thesis advisor)
(McIntyre, Andrew) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: This study applies deep learning neural networks to the problem of identifying crop and weed stem origin points in images. An autonomous weeding robot drives through a field, taking overhead images as it drives over the crop row. A sample of images, with weed and crop labels added by an operator, is used to train a neural network.  The trained neural network determines the locations of weed stem emergence points, then a mechanical picking arm travels to the location of the weed and pulls it from the ground. The sequential nature of the image data over time raises the question of whether learning sequential features in addition to local features of the data could improve weed classification. This thesis offers an investigation into the utility of convolutional long short-term memory layers for classifying crop and weed stem origins from a sequence of two images and introduces a novel weed/crop confusion matrix for evaluating model performance.

abstract: Mathematics & Statistics


title: "Sisters unite": the Maritime Baptist woman's missionary movement, 1867-1914

contributor:
Hansen, Denise Mary (author)
(Moody, Barry) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 1979

abstract:
The contribution of Maritime women to the Baptist missionary enterprise in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century was certainly extensive. By the 1880's women had become the driving force behind the foreign missionary movement in the Maritimes. They served as missionaries, formed numerous, home-base missionary societies and developed a large scale, united organization.
There were several motivating forces which led women into missionary involvement. There were several motivating forces which led women into missionary involvement. The work represented an
outlet, implied a need for their special services, and gave them an opportunity to learn new skills and to work creatively for religion. Their commitment would have considerable implications for their
own self-conceptions, increasing their confidence in themselves and in their abilities. It would enhance their status within Church and society, without drastically changing the conception of woman's
'proper' role or leading them into an organized women's rights movement.

abstract: History & Classics


title: How power changes: a comparison of field structure from the Jimmy Carter primary to the Bill Clinton primary

contributor:
Armour, Douglas M. (author)
(Biro, Andrew) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2021

abstract:
This project investigates how the power structure of the political field of the United States has changed over the last 50 years. What is clear is the ways to obtain power in the Democratic Party have changed. This thesis uses the theory of Pierre Bourdieu to explain the shift in power dynamics. It compares the
presidential primary won by Jimmy Carter (1976) to the primary won by Bill Clinton (1992). This project looks at 388 New York Times articles and compares what factors commentators viewed as leading to success. Focus is given to the habitus of commentators as an indicator of larger structural changes within the field. This project shows how the political field has transformed from favouring social capital to favouring economic and symbolic capital.

abstract: Politics


title: A transcription of the journals of Rev. Edward Manning for the period of June 1, 1822 to December 31, 1822

contributor:
Fenerty, Freeman Chambers (author)
(Zeman, Jarold K.) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 1976

abstract:
No abstract
Acadia Divinity College


title: Assessing the effects of progressive muscular relaxation on pre-competitive anxiety levels in competitive cheerleaders

contributor: (Kruisselbrink, Darren) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Kinesiology

abstract:
Research in the field of pre-competitive anxiety shows almost no research within the sport of competitive cheerleading. This high intensity, year-round sport has a highly competitive environment which can create pre-competitive anxiety that can be debilitative or facilitative depending on the coping mechanisms used.  This study examined the relationship between the use of progressive muscular relaxation (PMR) and pre-competitive anxiety levels between two female only competitive cheerleading teams. A total of 23 female 4.2 level cheerleaders were divided into intervention or control group by team. The intervention group received
PMR training. All participants completed a variety of questionnaires including the Sport Competition Anxiety Test (SCAT) and a 5-item athlete satisfaction scale as pre-and post-test, as well as the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 Directional (CSAI-2D) prior to two in-season competitions. Competitive anxiety and satisfaction within the intervention group was unaffected from pre-test to post-test. Pre-competitive anxiety results showed that PMR had no significant effect on the intervention group across competitions. Limitations in the current study include unregulated PMR practice within the intervention group which may have undermined the effectiveness of the intervention, and the duration of the study. Although the current study did not find that PMR affected pre-competitive anxiety, the need for research on anxiety levels and environmental stressors in the sport of competitive cheerleading remains.


title: The physiological and behavioural effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) on acute novel tank stress in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

contributor:
Coughlan, Lindsey (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Wilson, Brian) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Biology

abstract:
Stress can negatively impact one’s mental and physical health. Cannabinoids, isolated from Cannabis sp., may be an effective treatment for stress and stress-related illness. Two cannabinoids,THC and CBD, isolated
from the plant Cannabis sativa act on two cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2 to modulate the stress response through the endocannabinoid system. Experiments discussed in this thesis studied the effects of CBD and THC on acute stress in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Zebrafish were treated with 150nM THC, 150nM CBD, methanol or water for two hours in a 1L beaker. Subsequently, the fish were stressed using the Novel Tank
Diving Test and behavioural responses were recorded. In addition, whole-body cortisol levels were measured using GC-FID. Mucus protein profiles were also examined using 1D SDS-PAGE to look for potential protein biomarkers of stress. Behaviours, whole-body cortisol levels, and mucus protein profiles were not significantly different between treatment groups. A minor effect of increased variation in the stress response of the THC
treatment group was observed and should be explored further. It is possible that a higher dose and increased sample size might elucidate the effects of cannabinoids on acute stress in zebrafish. This research should be expanded on to clarify the effects that THC and CBD have on the stress response and to reveal if THC and CBD can be effectively used as a treatment for stress-related illness in humans.


title: Assessing the prevalence and the effect of nutrition education on female athlete triad risk at Acadia University

contributor:
Higgins, Madalyn R. (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Kaviani, Mojtaba) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Nutrition & Dietetics

abstract:
Introduction: Despite numerous health benefits seen through female participation in sports, there has been an increase in sports related health consequences including the female athlete triad (low energy availability, low bone mineral density, and menstrual dysfunction). Little is known about prevalence of the triad or effective methods to reduce athletes’ risk. Objectives:  The objectives for this research were: 1) to investigate the prevalence of the female athlete triad among varsity and club female (as identified at birth) athletes at Acadia University (AU), 2) to examine factors which increase athletes’ risk, and 3) to explore the effects of nutrition education on triad risk and dietary intake. Methods:  Varsity and club female athletes were recruited (n=17). Participants were randomized to an experimental group to attend eight nutrition education sessions, or a control group. All participants completed a survey assessing triad risk and nutrition knowledge prior to and following intervention. Results:  Triad prevalence at AU was high with 29.4% of athletes at risk of the triad prior to intervention and 47.1% at risk following intervention due to injuries. Negative beliefs surrounding food were common with 94.1% of participants reported feeling guilty when choosing unhealthy foods. Intervention
demonstrated no significant effect on athlete’s triad risk as well as intakes of energy, fat, carbohydrate, protein, or calcium and vitamin D. Conclusions:  Almost half of the participants were at risk of the female athlete triad and nutrition education did not significantly affect triad risk. Many factors including negative beliefs surrounding food affected athletes’ triad risk. These finding raise questions about the effectiveness of nutrition education intervention, the impact of injuries in assessing triad risk, and effective methods of reducing risk of the female athlete triad.


title: Has the application of section 217.1 of the Criminal Code succeeded in remedying the deficiencies in Canadian criminal law at the time of the Westray disaster?

contributor:
Bergen, Madison K. (author)
(Balcome, Randall) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract:
Bill C-45 became Canadian law in 2004.  It created new criminal law duties for workplace health and safety (Bill C-45, 2004). This Bill implemented, in part, section 217.1 of the Criminal Code which established a new
criminal law duty, applicable to everyone who has the authority to direct how another person does their work, to take reasonable steps to ensure their safety (Criminal Code, SC 2003, c. 21, s. 3). Sixteen years have passed since this Bill became law, providing ample time to analyze the success or failure of section 217.1 in remedying the issues in Canadian law present at the time of the Westray disaster (Criminal Code, SC 003, c. 21, s. 3). This paper evaluates, based on available evidence and primarily Canadian Court decisions which have considered this “new” section of the Criminal Code, whether Bill C-45has been successful and achieved its stated purpose (Criminal Code, 1985) (Bill C-45,2004).  In that regard I will consider the following more specific, and in some cases counterfactual questions: (1) whether sections 217.1 and 22.1 of Bill C-45 would have resulted in a successful criminal prosecution in the Westray case (2)the judicial consideration of section 217.1 since 2004 (3) and cases where there has been a successful prosecution with respect to section 217.1, the impact that sentencing decisions have had on possible deterrence and workplace safety in Canada (Criminal Code, SC 2003, c. 21, s. 3). I conclude that (1) sections 217.1 and 22.1 would not have resulted in a successful criminal prosecution of any managers or officers of Curragh Inc., the owners of the Westray mine, (2) since 2004 there have been very few successful prosecutions using section 217.1, and the narrow judicial interpretation of section 217.1, and the fact that it does not create a separate criminal offence but merely a criminal law duty, has limited the effectiveness of Bill C-45 (Bill C-45, 2004).  Moreover, where there have been successful prosecutions the sentences have been relatively lenient, (3) the relevant statistics and caselaw since 2004 illustrate limited deterrence or at least no positive trend in workplace injuries and deaths in Canada (Criminal Code, SC 2003, c. 21, s. 3). Given this analysis, section 217.1 and Bill C-45 generally have not succeeded in remedying the deficiencies in Canadian criminal law
since (Bill C-45, 2004, “Section 217.1”). One of the main reasons for this is that this section does not create a criminal offence per se but rather a criminal law duty. For the “Westray Bill,” and in particular section 217.1, to fulfill its intended purpose, it must be revised.

abstract: Business


title: Adult attachment styles and caregiver attitudes when raising a virtual child: the roles of desire to have children and specific attachment

contributor:
Trask, Maggie (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Symons, Doug) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Psychology

abstract: Adult attachment style and caregiving attitudes were examined in two studies using a parenting simulation. In Study 1, 172 students completed measures of attachment and desire to become a parent before and after raising a virtual child. Measures of positive caregiver attitudes of serving as an attachment figure, perceived child security, and positive feelings were completed afterwards. Avoidance negatively predicted attachment figure and security measures, but not feelings. Desire to have children did not change due to the simulation, but was positively related to attitudes and negatively related to avoidance. Study 2 of 420 students showed that avoidance negatively predicted all three caregiver attitudes. Also, attachment was broken down into the four figures of mother, father, partner, and best friend. Anxiety towards mother and avoidance towards father negatively predicted security, and avoidance towards all but father negatively predicted attachment figure. These results showed the relation of avoidance to negative caregiver attitudes even in a parenting simulation when the child is not real.


title: Mapping horse mussel biogenic habitat in the Bay of Fundy

contributor:
Wilson, Brittany (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Redden, Anna) (Thesis advisor)
(Brown, Craig) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Biology

abstract:
Dense aggregations of horse mussels exist in the Bay of Fundy and are thought to be associated with high biodiversity compared to surrounding habitats. Previous research has found correlations between these aggregations (often referred to as reefs) and long narrow flow-parallel bedform features, but theories on the origin of these features vary. This study takes a multi-method approach using supervised and unsupervised classification methods to determine the distribution of these habitats and to assess broad-scale biophysical patterns and associated community assemblages of the horse mussel habitat and surrounding areas. MaxEnt was used to map habitat suitability at multiple scales in the area surrounding the flow parallel bedforms. Habitat suitability was best measured at 10 meters and not all flow parallel bedforms were found to be suitable habitat. These findings suggest, in contrast to previous studies, that not all bedforms contain horse mussel reefs. Seafloor images were compared to multibeam echosounder layers to further investigate community patterns and biodiversity. Overall community patterns shifted gradually across the Bay of Fundy and communities on and off the bedforms were found to be not discrete. Further analyses of the bedforms and surrounding areas suggested the abundance of horse mussels was significantly higher on the bedforms yet no significant differences in biodiversity were found. These findings will ultimately facilitate decisions
around marine spatial planning, protection and monitoring of these areas.


title: Edward Manning's Journal: a partial deciphering

contributor:
Fenerty, Laurie Donald (author)
(Whidden, Evan M.) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 1962

abstract:
No abstract
Acadia Divinity College


title: Leaders of the Black Baptists of Nova Scotia, 1782-1832

contributor:
Davidson, Stephen Eric (author)
(Moody, Barry) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 1975

abstract:
No abstract
History & Classics


title: Local church governance: Understanding the Issues in designing the optimal structure

contributor:
MacLeod, Todd Wesley (author)
(Brackney, William) (Thesis advisor)
(Committee member)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

format: electronic electronic

rights: The author retains copyright in this thesis. Any substantial copying or any other actions that exceed fair dealing or other exceptions in the Copyright Act require the permission of the author.

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: The author of this thesis has been interested for years in the nature of the respective roles  of and working relationship between pastors and their boards and congregations. His own  experience in a church whose organizational structure had outlived its usefulness fueled  the drive to study the relationship between factors which can change, such as  congregational size and pastor’s leadership style, and the effectiveness of its  organizational structure. When does the interplay between these factors indicate the need  to modify or replace the organizational structure and how do leaders know when and how  to change?  The purpose of this thesis is to help church leaders understand the nature of local  church governance, be able to identify some indicators of necessary change, and provide  some principles to follow during the process. Chapter One builds the Biblical foundation  for understanding leadership and governance in the local church; Chapter Two provides  the historical context for the development of governance in the local church from the  apostolic period through to modern day, following a thread most relevant to the Baptist  context. Chapter Three introduces and summarizes the essential nature of local church  governance as expressed in three contemporary models. Chapter Four introduces the  method and goal of the original research undertaken in this thesis, which was to describe  the narratives of five Baptist churches who, for different reasons and under very different  circumstances made changes to their organizational structures. Chapter Five analyzed  their stories for lessons and principles from which others might benefit, while Chapter  Six presents guiding principles and recommendations.

abstract: Acadia Divinity College


title: Mu Na Kesinukutiwek: engaging the 'Sick Indian' with perspectives of Mi'kmaq on healing and sickness

contributor:
O'Quinn, Makenzie S. J. (author)
(Rudrum, Sarah) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract:
This thesis engages with a narrative on Indigenous peoples, one that is created purposefully to maintain current systems of power between Indigenous people and the colonial state by promoting notions of essential difference, essential sickness, and dysfunction. It is in recognition of these notions that the narrative has been named the “Sick Indian”. This narrative is directly implicated in the creation of discriminatory policies,
state coercive force in stealing land and resources, issues of sovereignty, and the creation and perpetuation of a specific power relationship between nations. By using Indigenous research methods associated with oral story in recruitment and knowledge generation, the thesis investigates how this narrative emerges in the truths revealed by co-researchers on their lives and their experiences as Mi’kmaw.  Conversations with co-
researchers surrounded power, ideas of health, and this concept of the Sick Indian. These interviews explicitly showed that the idea of the purposeful framing of sickness is understood by my Mi’kmaw co-researchers and reveals how the influence of these structures is experienced.

abstract: Biology


title: The examination of a summer sailing program for the inclusion of children with disabilities: an autoethnography

contributor:
Lach, Mara-Jade (author)
(Shields, Chris) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract:
There continues to be a lack of inclusive and adapted physical activity options for children with disabilities in many local communities (Moore, Clapman & Deeney, 2017). Benefits of sport and recreation for children
with disabilities have been shown to promote social integration, skill development, increased self-esteem, confidence, and increased awareness within the general and disability communities (Roult, Brunet, Belley-Ranger, Carbonneau, & Fortier, 2015). There are many factors that affect the participation of children with disabilities in sport and recreation. Parents of children with disabilities often raise concerns about a lack of
inclusive programming and their children are restricted from reaping the benefits of physical activity (Cotterill & Brown, 2018). Parents have expressed concern related to barriers and safety which may be elevated for an activity like sailing. Sailing is often overlooked as an option for children with disabilities despite being well suited to accommodate all participants. This review will examine types of sporting classifications and options for individuals with disabilities, the benefits of different types of physical activity, summer camp program structures and options, parental perceptions of physical activity for children with disabilities, and explore
sailing as a possible option.

abstract: Kinesiology


title: Exploring women farmers' gendered barriers and perspectives of sustainable agriculture in Nova Scotia

contributor:
Grandberg, Melissa (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Warner, Alan) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Community Development

abstract:
Women farmers are essential to the development of sustainable agriculture, however barriers to women’s involvement in farming continue to persist. There is currently little research on the gendered experiences of women farmers in Nova Scotia, and no research on the gendered experiences of women farmers in sustainable farming in Nova Scotia. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to increase the discourse around gendered issues in farming and better understand how to encourage and support women in entering and remaining in the field.
There were two questions explored in this research. First, what are the motivations of sustainable women farmers, including what they love most about farming? Second, what are the barriers facing sustainable, women farmers and to what extent are these a gendered experience? These two questions were explored through photovoice, a participatory, action-based methodology. This study collected qualitative data through
four photovoice sessions, including two focus groups. The participants for this research consisted of 6 sustainable women farmers living in the Annapolis Valley.
The study found that there were many motivations for participants to farm, with a significant number of reasons being closely connected to why they chose to use sustainable farming methods. The study also found that participants did face gender barriers, such as having to work harder to gain credibility, having to conform to a male dominated field and experiencing gendered treatment and assumptions in their interactions with others. The types of communities that support sustainable women farmers and the ways in which these support systems can be strengthened were discussed in the study.


title: Petrography, geochemistry, and PB-ZN-CU-AS-AU mineralization in drill core from the Faribault Brook area, western Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia

contributor:
Tamosauskas, Michael P. (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Barr, Sandra) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Earth & Environmental Sciences

abstract: Mineral exploration has been done in the Faribault Brook area of the western Cape Breton Highlands, Nova Scotia, since the 1890s, but the age, structure, and tectonic setting of both the mineralization and its highly deformed metavolcanic and metasedimentary host rocks remain enigmatic. This study focuses on core from three exploration holes drilled in 1978, 1990, and 2008 and archived at the NS Department of Energy and Mines core library (Stellarton).  Visual core logging combined with magnetic susceptibility measurements, petrographic study, and chemical analyses enabled identification of lithology in these mainly fine-grained, deformed and metamorphosed rocks.  Hole AMC-06-79 (177.3 m) from near the Core Shack occurrence north of Faribault Brook consists of interlayered mafic metavolcanic, calc-silicate and garnet-rich metasedimentary rocks; the abundance of metavolcanic rocks increases with depth and metasandstone with blue detrital quartz clasts occurs at the top of the hole. Hole RB-90-01 (102.4 m) from near the Rocky Brook occurrence 7 km south of Faribault Brook also contains interlayered metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks but metasedimentary units dominate in the upper and lower sections. Hole GM-09-08 (50 m) from the western part of the area consists of metasandstone with blue quartz clasts and interbedded siltstone. All 3 holes contain more mineralization than recognized in company assessment reports. Elevated Pb-Zn occur mainly as stratabound layers in metasedimentary rocks whereas Cu and As are hosted in quartz-carbonate veins.  Anomalous Au was found in two holes in both quartz veins with arsenopyrite (up to 6 ppm Au) and in metawacke with elevated Pb and Zn (e.g. 1236 ppb Au, 2465 ppm Pb, and 6086 ppm Zn).  Although mineralization in the Faribault Brook area was previously assumed to be VMS-style, most mineralization in the three drill holes is in metasedimentary rocks, suggesting sedimentary exhalative (SedEx)-type with related epithermal veins.


title: Petrology, age and tectonic setting of the Gunshot Brook pluton, Eastern Cobequid Highlands, Nova Scotia

contributor:
Vaccaro, Miguel M. (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Barr, Sandra) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Earth & Environmental Sciences

abstract: The goal of this project was to provide new information about field relations, petrology, age, and tectonic significance of the enigmatic Gunshot Brook pluton in the eastern Cobequid Highlands of northern mainland Nova Scotia.  Field mapping showed that pluton intruded the ca. 760-735 Ma Mount Ephraim plutonic suite on its southern margin and the >735 Ma Dalhousie Mountain Formation on its western, northern and eastern margins. Petrographic study revealed that the pluton consists mainly of granodiorite gradational to monzogranite and tonalite, with minor co-mingled dioritic rocks, all cut by mafic and felsic dykes. Whole-rock chemical data from about 40 samples display trends consistent with a comagmatic relationship among the tonalitic, granodioritic, and monzogranitic rocks, and a compositional gap between them and the mingled dioritic rocks. They are calc-alkalic and likely formed in a continental margin subduction zone together with the associated dioritic rocks. U-Pb zircon ages of 630.6 ± 2.7 Ma and 638.6 ± 2.5 Ma for granodiorite samples from the northern and southern parts of the pluton are consistent with petrological similarities which suggest that the cross-cutting Millsville fault does not have significant offset.  Granitic and dioritic rocks from the southeastern part of the pluton have chemical characteristics which indicate that they are part of the Mount Ephraim plutonic suite rather than Gunshot Brook pluton, resulting in revision to the mapped extent of the Gunshot Brook pluton.  Because these plutons differ in age from the ca. 620-600 Ma plutons of the Jeffers and Bass River blocks of the Cobequid Highlands, the Gunshot Brook pluton, Mount Ephraim plutonic suite, and ca. 735 Ma Six Mile Brook pluton, together with their host rocks, are assigned to a separate Mount Ephraim block, of as yet uncertain relation to the rest of the highlands, and to Avaloniain in general.


title: An exploration of intrinsic and extrinsic factors influencing the mental health of athletes recovering from a concussion

contributor:
Rankin, Mitchell (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(King, Colin) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Kinesiology

abstract: Introduction:  Due to an increase of media coverage surrounding stories of athlete mental health issues, there has also been an increase in research within the same field. However, the specific intrinsic and extrinsic factors that influence mental health states during concussion recovery are currently underdeveloped. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify and further explore various intrinsic and extrinsic factors that impacted athlete mental health following a concussion. Methods:  Seventy-one university-aged (47 females, 24 males) students participated in an online questionnaire exploring their history of sport-related concussions and mental health. Responses were analyzed to identify emerging themes that were further deconstructed during semi-structured interviews with 10 participants (5 female, 5 males).  Results:  Various intrinsic and extrinsic factors impacting mental health states following a concussion emerged from the data, with a strong suggestion for further education on proper concussion management amongst primary care healthcare practitioners. Furthermore, athletic identity derived from social influences and self-identification may have discouraged transparency in reporting symptoms. Conclusion:  The results of this study identified several important factors that negatively impacted mental health during the recovery from a concussion. Recognition of these factors may allow healthcare professionals to appropriately prescribe earlier physical activity and approach each athlete with increased sensitivity towards their injury.


title: The role of watersheds in determining the population structure of Blanding's turtles (Emydoidea blandingii), a fragmented species at risk in southwestern Nova Scotia

contributor:
McEachern, Lori A. (author)
(Herman, Tom) (Thesis advisor)
(Mockford, Steve) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2003

abstract:
Blanding's turtle is a long-lived, late maturing species with strong site affinities, characteristics that conspire against the ability of this species to adapt to rapid environmental change. In Nova Scotia, Blanding's turtle
is at the northeastern periphery of its range, existing only in small isolated populations. To date, two distinct populations (KNP and McGowan Lake) have been recognized and characterized. The KNP and McGowan
Lake populations exist on adjacent watersheds (Mersey, Medway), and have been shown to have measurable population genetic structure, despite the small distance (<15km) separating them. We hypothesise that
watershed structure is the principal influence on population genetic structure and may therefore account for the measured genetic distance between these adjacent populations. The population examined in this study
(Pleasant River) exists on the Medway watershed, approximately 15km from the McGowan Lake population. Genotyping of the Pleasant River population, which shares a watershed with only the McGowan Lake population, allows for an explicit test of our hypothesis. Trapping and radio-telemetry in the Pleasant River region of Nova Scotia over a five month interval led to a sample size of n=27 in this newly discovered subpopulation. The Pleasant River population was found to be approximately as genetically differentiated from McGowan Lake (Fsi=0.04201 P=0.00750+/-0.0008) as KNP is from McGowan Lake (Fsr=0.04159 P=0.00201+/-0.0004), despite being on the same watershed. These data therefore suggest that watershed may not be the defining element in population genetic structure. Population pairwise Fsr tests performed using, the three areas of concentration in Pleasant River suggest that there is population subdivision even within this small, isolated population.

abstract: Biology


title: Turtle nest predation and predator foraging patterns in Kejimkujik National Park, Nova Scotia

contributor:
Shallow, Maria Christine (author)
(Herman, Tom) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 1998

abstract:
The Blanding's Turtle (Emydoidea blandingii) is a northern fresh water species that inhabits Kejimkujik National Park, Nova Scotia. This population was designated 'Threatened' by COSEWIC (Committee on the Status
of Endangered Wildlife in Canada) in 1993. The Blanding's Turtle Recovery Plan has identified nest predation as a primary cause of low recruitment into the adult breeding population. However, quantitative data pertaining to nest predation are lacking. Oickle (1997) investigated raccoon (Procyon lotor) spatial ecology in relation to predation on Snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina) and Painted turtle (Chrysemys picta) nests.
The purpose of the present study was to complement the existing data on turtle nest predation. Collection of data through nest monitoring, raccoon live-trapping, radio tracking and fluorescent powder tracking took place in Kejimkujik National Park from May to August, 1997. Since 1989, Blanding's turtle nests have been screened against predation. However, in 1997, the nests were left uncovered and monitored for predation,
along with Snapping and Painted turtle nests. Most predation occurred between June 18 and July 15, coinciding with nesting season and incubation. Although raccoon populations were low, the maximum predation
rate was high (47.5%). Proximity of nests to each other was a good predictor of predation; proximity of nests to human disturbance was not. Trapping and radio tracking data suggested that raccoon movement within
the park is extensive and that raccoons may travel to nesting beaches during nesting season. These two factors can cause significant shifts in nest mortality frolic year to year. Fluorescent powder trails were variable
and indicated that raccoons search the upper third of the beach while foraging.

abstract: Biology


title: Structural geology and basement-cover relations in the southeastern Cape Breton Highlands, Nova Scotia

contributor:
Tizzard, Amy M. (author)
(Raeside, Robert) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2003

abstract:
The southeastern Cape Breton Highlands consist of various pre-Carboniferous plutonic, volcanic and metamorphosed basement rocks of the Bras d'Or Terrane, with Carboniferous sedimentary material in the adjacent
valley and coastal regions. Field investigations in the past have shown that the older basement rocks outcrop at equal, if not higher, topographic elevations than the nearby Carboniferous sedimentary units in the
southeastern Highlands.
Detailed mapping of the contact, structural analyses, thin section petrography and geophysical map interpretations show that the basement rocks have been ernplaced by a thrust fault that extends from the Baddeck
River area, through the Christopher Macleod and Big Glen Brook valleys, east into the St. Anns area where it follows topographic contours northwards into the North River area. The thrust fault transported a slab of
pre-Carboniferous basement rocks at least 100 metres thick and over 200 km2 in area over Carboniferous Horton and Windsor group rocks for a cumulative distance of at least 9 km. The timing of the thrust fault movement was likely during the Alleghanian Orogeny in Late Carboniferous to Permian times based on the observation elsewhere on Cape Breton Island that rocks of the Mabou Group are deformed and overlain by
undeformed rocks of the younger Cumberland Group, which are the oldest rocks that postdate the Alleghanian Orogeny.

abstract: Earth & Environmental Sciences


title: The potentiometric determination of ascorbic acid and the fluorimetric determination of thiamine

contributor:
Haley, Philip G. (author)
(Hill, D.U.) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 1945

abstract:
No abstract
Chemistry


title: Water and sediment chemistry influences on mercury bioaccumulation in freshwater invertebrates from two lakes in Kejimkujik National Park, Nova Scotia

contributor:
Clarke, Rachel (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(O'Driscoll, Nelson) (Thesis advisor)
(Hillier, Kirk) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2018

abstract: Earth & Environmental Sciences

abstract:
Mercury  is  a  trace  metal  and  a  toxic  environmental  pollutant  that  can  be  deposited  in remote  ecosystems  and  result  in  adverse  effects  on  the  heath  of  organisms. Higher mercury concentrations near the bottom of the food web have implications for significant mercury  transfer  to  higher  trophic  organisms.  Caddisfly  larvae  and  mayfly  naiads,  lake water, and benthic sediment were collected from two lakes and one wetland catchment in Kejimkujik  National  Park,  Nova  Scotia.  Methylmercury(MeHg)  was  analyzed  in  all samples  using  gas  chromatography-atomic  fluorescence spectroscopy  (AFS). Across  all sampling  sites,  pH  was significantly negatively  correlated  with  MeHg concentration in
mayflies. Water  samples  from Big  Dam  East  (BDE) and  Big  Dam  West  (BDW), sediment  samples  from  BDW,  and  invertebrate  samples  from  BDE  from  the  wetland catchment (Thomas   Meadow   Brook;   TMB) were   significantly   higher   in   MeHg concentration  than  the  lake  locations. Mayfly  MeHg  concentrations  were positively correlated with  water  MeHg  concentrations. Caddisfly  MeHg  concentrations  were  not significantly  correlated  with  water  MeHg  concentrations,  however,  results  suggest  that caddisfly  MeHg  might  be  correlated  with  sediment  MeHg  concentrations (BDW  and TMB  R=-0.23  and -0.21,  respectively). These  results  indicate  that  caddisflies  may  be more influenced by sediment characteristics, while mayflies may be more influenced by water characteristics. Analysis of MeHg bioaccumulation in aquatic invertebrates and its relationship  with  water  and  sediment  characteristics  is  important  to  understand  relative accumulation  between  invertebrates, and more  research  into  MeHg  bioaccumulation at the base of food webs is necessary to better understand food web transfer.


title: Quantification of three trace elements in the tissues of five species of coastal fishes from the Bay of Fundy, Nova Scotia

contributor:
Pomerleau, Rachel L. (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Avery, Trevor) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Biology

abstract:
Although fish provide great health benefits for consumers, they are also repositories for contaminants. Current Nova Scotian consumption guidelines for fish are limited to six freshwater species and are based on mercury content only, disregarding coastal fishes and other potentially harmful elements. In this study, total mercury, arsenic, and selenium were analyzed in the tissues of five species of marine fishes: Striped bass
Morone saxatilis, American eel Anguilla rostrata, Alewife Alosa pseudogarengus, American shad Alosa sapidissima, and Atlantic tomcod Microgadus tomcod. Samples of muscle, liver, and gonad tissue were cryogenically ground and freeze-dried prior to elemental analysis by TDA-AAS and ICP-MS. Nearly all species and tissues had concentrations exceeding Health Canada’s maximum level of 0.5 mg∙kg-1 for mercury and 3.5 mg ∙ kg-1 for arsenic in fish. All sample selenium concentrations were consistently below the EPA’s toxic threshold of 11.3 mg ∙ kg-1 for freshwater fishes. Atlantic tomcod were particularly high in arsenic and selenium compared to other species. Significant relationships between total mercury concentrations in fish tissues, total length, and across trophic levels indicated mercury bioaccumulation and biomagnification was occurring. Total arsenic concentrations as a function of length increased in Alewife and decreased in Striped bass. Tissue contaminant distribution varied according to element and fish species; however, small sample sizes prevented some analyses. Concentrations of mercury and arsenic were higher than reported in previous studies. This study highlights the need for restricted fish consumption, a regional database, and a continued monitoring program to assess fish health, and for creating consumption guidelines and advisories where they are currently lacking.


title: Determination of antibacterial activity and phytochemical screening of wild and ornamental flowers of Ixora coccinea

contributor:
Mullegama, Sandunika (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Coombs, Melanie) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Biology

abstract:
Ixora coccinea is a small plant, most commonly used in Sri Lankan traditional medicine for the treatment of skin disease, eye disease, leucorrhoea, candida infection and, whooping cough. The flowers  of  two  variety  of the plant  namely:  wild  and  ornamental  were  extracted  with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) graded methanol by maceration method and soxhlet apparatus. Gas  chromatography-mass  spectrometry  (GC-MS) analysis  was  used  to  analyze bioactive compounds present in the crude extract of I. coccinea wild and ornamental flowers.  The parameters of mass spectral analysis namely: retention  time and characteristics of the peak using the National  Institute  of  Standards  and  Technology  (NIST) library  were  considered  for  the detection  of  compounds. The  agar  disc  diffusion  method  was  used  for  the  analysis  of the antibacterial activity of methanol extract of I. coccinea. The micro-organisms used for the bioassay included Staphylococcus sp. and Bacillus sp. (Gram-positive), and Escherichia coli and Proteus
sp.   (Gram-negative).   The   major   compounds   present   in   the wild   crude   extract   were   4-hydroxypyridine  1-oxide  (23.124%), hexanedioic  acid,  bis  (2-ethyl-hexyl)  ester  (12.022%)  and succinic  acid,  di  (3,5-dimethylcyclohexyl)  ester  (8.940%).  The  ornamental  crude  extract  had cyclohexasiloxane    dodecamethyl    (28.015%),    octacosane    (24.274%),    cycloneptasiloxane tetradecamethyl   (16.361%)   and   1,2-benzenedicarboxylic   acid,   mono   (2-ethylhexy)   ester (11.854%)  as  the  major  compounds.  Both  wild  and  ornamental I.  coccinea showed  potent antibacterial  activity.  The  ornamental I.  coccinea
extract  was  most  effective  against E.coli and Bacillus sp. and showed minimum antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus sp. and Proteus sp.  whereas,  the  wild  crude  extract  was  effective  for  all  four  bacterial  species  with  a  maximum antibacterial  activity  against E. coli.  The  presence  of  alkaloids,  glycosides,  tannins,  flavonoids, steroids, and carbohydrates was observed in the flower extract of I. coccinea.


title: The women of Generation X: will they be prepared for retirement?

contributor:
MacDonald-Francis, Naomi (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Casey, Rebecca) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2019

abstract: Sociology

abstract: In recent years banks, finance companies, investment firms and multi-media outlets have identified financial challenges that could potentially threaten Generation X’s (1965-1980) ability to prepare for retirement. However, very little academic attention has been devoted to the retirement preparation of Generation X. This paper examines the financial knowledge and practices of five Canadian women born between 1965 and 1978 using a qualitative approach. The semi-structured interviews offered an in-depth analysis of each woman’s life trajectory, which included: education level, employment history, family unit, financial responsibilities, retirement goals and retirement preparation. The results of the interviews identified sevenkey themes: 1)desired age to retirement; 2)retirement education; 3) preparing for retirement; 4) positive and negative circumstances impacting retirement; 5)financial obligations; 6) debt load; and 7) retirement goals and dreams. The research concluded that due to the current economic climate in Canada the women of Generation X may experience challenges as they prepare for retirement.


title: Double shifts: Acadia University students' views on low -wage work and poverty

contributor:
Bradley, Remy (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Casey, Rebecca) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2019

abstract: Sociology

abstract:
The goal of this study is to learn how Acadia University students who work low-wage jobs feel treated and how Acadia University students view low-wage work and poverty. Low-wage jobs fall under the term ‘precarious employment’, which
is on the rise. Additionally, low-wage workers or workers employed in precarious employment are often living in poverty. While many low-wage workers are university students who have hopes of receiving an education and gaining a higher paying job, others working in low-wage jobs may have few options for gaining better employment and struggle to make ends meet. Regardless of why they are in low-wage work, low-wage workers may face negative treatment because they are not seen as contributing enough to society and not having done enough to personally improve their employment. A survey was designed using LimeSurvey and Acadia University students received a link through an all students email list. The findings from the research show that the majority of participants have been treated poorly in their low-wage jobs with
women being more likely to witness heightened levels of mistreatment. Also, most participants view low-wage work as acceptable for younger people and older people, but not people in mid-adulthood. Furthermore, most respondents believe
more should be done to help people living in poverty with women outnumbering those who strongly agree with this statement. Overall, this research shows Acadia University students’ views on low-wage work, the treatment of low-wage workers, and poverty.


title: “Why do you put so much gay stuff in your artwork?" “I’m fucking gay, you stupid asshole.": a qualitative study on the connection between queer or trans identity and creativity

contributor:
Bissnette, Imriel (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Gracey, Anthony) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2019

abstract: Sociology

abstract: Using grounded theory, the author interviewed members of the queer and trans community about their use of art. Questions were asked about usage such as if there was a family history, and if they believed their art and identity were intertwined. The themes were allowed to emerge with no specific question to be answered. The main themes that were found were Normalization and Retroflection. Normalization was the use of art to fill the spaces with queer or trans representation that mainstream media had failed. Retroflection was the use of art to either explore one’s identity or to help one feel that their journey to understand their identity was safe and they would come to a positive conclusion in their lives. In conclusion, the creativity and sexual/gender identity is interconnected.


title: Welcoming Moms and babies: barriers, supports, and transitioning to a culture of welcome

contributor:
Fisher, Laura (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Brickner, Rachel) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2019

abstract: Community Development

abstract:
This research sought to define welcomefor low-income mothers in Kentville, Nova Scotia. This was done through an extensive literature review, as well as a qualitative study involving in-depth, semi-structured interviews of 10 professionals working with or for this demographic. Their sectors of experience ranged from social, public, and health services to municipal politics. Welcome to communities is a subject that has only been studied a few times, and in those cases, the studies were in reference to immigrants and psychiatric patients. Welcome for mother-baby dyads has never been studied,
and motherhood in general has been neglected in the research of Community Development and the Social Sciences since the nineties. My research has found that there is astrong link between mother and infant and that they are best seen as a
dyad. Mothers are still the primary caregivers in the majority of situations and contribute the highest proportion of care regardless of partnership status. Low-income mothers are also more likely than middle-income mothers to be experiencing multiple intersecting oppressions related to age, race, family structure, and mental health status; a feminist and gendered lens was used to explore how welcome is impacted by these factors.
The theme of socioeconomic status as an overarching aspect of welcome emerged clearly, including the intensified stigma surrounding those of lower-income and class in rural versus urban areas of Nova Scotia. Similar to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, the research shows that basic needs such as housing, food security, healthcare access, and transportation are a foundation for welcome. These areas also informed policy recommendations that must be supported to create a
welcoming culture for low-income mother-baby dyads.


title: The effect of age and sex on lower limb biomechanics, and investigating lower limb biomechanical relationships during a vertical drop jump

contributor:
MacFarlane, Aidan (author)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)
(Landry, Scott) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2020

abstract: Kinesiology

abstract:
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a passive stabilizer for the knee joint, and functions to primarily restrict anterior tibial translation on the femur. Injury to the ACL is a devastating injury to endure and has become increasingly more common in youth. ACL injury not only takes an athlete out of sport in the short term, but also greatly increases the risk of accelerated osteoarthritis in the knee.Age and sex have shown to be two important determinants of ACL injury risk, as post-pubescent females are to be 2-8 times more likely  to  sustain  a  potential  ACL  injury  compared  to  their  male  counterparts. There  are  hormonal  and anatomical differences between age and sex groups to be considered, however biomechanical risk factors which  have  shown  to  be  modifiable, need  to  be studied  further in  order to  ultimately  work  on  reducing
injury  risk  through  training  interventions. While  there  have  been  studies  that  have  identified  the biomechanical  profiles of  age  and  sex  groups,  little  research  has  attempted  to  observe  the  relationship
between adjacent joints during a drop jump task. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to identify differences  in biomechanical  patterns  between  sexes  and  age  groups.  It  also  serves  to  identify  potential relationships between adjacent lower-limb joints during a drop jump task. Male and female athletes were recruited  (male=69,  female=71)  from  Acadia  University  summer  camps, Acadia  varsity  and  club  sports teams, local soccer and basketball sporting clubs, as well as through word of mouth. Of the 69 males, 33 were considered pre-pubescent (age = 10.6±1.8yrs, height 148.8 ±15.0 cm, weight 40.8 ± 12.0 kg), and
36 were considered post-pubescent (age=20.6±2.1 yrs, height = 182.3 ± 6.6 cm, weight 83.2 ± 10.6 kg). Of the 71 females participating in the study, 31 were considered pre-pubescent (age=11.2 ± 1.5 yrs, height 151.3 ± 9.2 cm, weight 41.5 ± 9.1 kg), and 40 were considered post-pubescent (age= 20.1 ± 1.5 yrs, height 168.2 ± 6.9 cm, weight 69.4 ± 11.3 kg). A double-leg drop-jump protocol was employed to analyze group
mean  joint angles  at  initial  contact  (IC),  maximum  joint  angles  during  stance, as  well  as joint range  of motion (ROM) from IC to max. Peak joint moments for the hip, knee and ankle were also analyzed. Joint
angles were calculated in the sagittal plane, with knee frontal plane joint angles also being calculated, while peak joint moments  were also calculated in both the  sagittal and the frontal planes. Two-way  ANOVAs
(p>0.05) were used to calculate age (pre vs post-pubertal) and sex (male vs female) effects as well as age by  sex  interaction  effects.  Bonferroni  pairwise  comparisons  were  used  when  an  interaction  effect  was
identified. It was observed that pre-pubescent individuals displayed significantly greater joint angle ROMs in all measures, while post-pubescent individuals displayed greater peak joint moments compared to pre-pubescent participants  for  all  measures  except  peak  knee  abduction  moment. It  is notable  that  females displayed a greater peak knee abduction angle during the drop jump task. Males displayed a significantly greater  peak  hip  extension  moment,  knee  extension  moment,  ankle  plantarflexion  moment,  and  ankle supination moment,  while  females displayed  greater hip abduction moments. Linear  regression analyses show knee flexion ROM to be a significant predictor of ankle and hip ROM in pre-pubescent females, post-pubescent males,  and post-pubescent females. These  findings  provide  insight  on  the  difference  in biomechanical patterns between age groups and sexes. Future studies should continue to test the validity of using regression analyses between lower-extremity joint biomechanics during athletic movements.