title: Petrographic Examination of Dolomitization, Miette Carbonate Complex, Jasper Park, Alberta.

contributor:
Risk, Michael J.
Geology

subject: Geology Geology

abstract: Upper Devonian carbonate complexes show varying degrees of dolomitization throughout Alberta. The Miette complex of Jasper Park contains penecontemporaneous dolomite in several forms within platform and biostromal formations. Isolated dolomite euhedra selectively replace more permeable cement fabrics; less permeable micrite muds, intraclasts and globular stromatoporoids are not extensively dolomitized. Amphipora-rich beds and brecciated reef margin biostromes are almost totally replaced by dolomite, presumably because of their initial high porosity. Small-scale dolomite fronts have not selectively replaced host rocks; they occur in micrite, calcite spar and chert. Repeated penecontemporaneous mixing of fresh and salt water in the phreatic zone is the suggested mechanism for dolomitization. Fluctuations in sea level are inferred from cement fabrics, erosion surfaces and intertidal facies, detrital dolomite beds, and a general stratigraphic sequence of growth and extinction of organic banks and biostromes. Later diagenetic dolomite is present in veins and vug fillings.

abstract: Bachelor of Arts (BA)


title: What You See is What You Get: Synthetic Photometry of Hydrodynamic Simulations of Binary Star Systems

contributor:
Sills, Alison
Physics and Astronomy

subject:
Radiative Transfer
Stellar Atmosphere
Synthetic Photometry
V1309 Scorpii
Other Astrophysics and Astronomy
Physical Processes
Other Astrophysics and Astronomy

abstract: In this thesis we present a procedure by which synthetic photometry of a hydrodynamic model of star or star-like object can be calculated in a regime where the photosphere is not radially resolved. In order to properly model the unresolved photosphere, we present a method where pressure and density are integrated outward from the outermost resolved radius of the star and then interpolated in temperature-surface gravity space between a set of MARCS \citep{Gustafsson2008a} stellar atmosphere models. These interpolations are accurate to within 10\% of expected temperature values and are determined by minimizing the difference between the integrated pressure, density and surface gravity and that of the atmosphere model. Using the Monte Carlo Radiative Transfer code \texttt{radmc3d}\citep{Dullemond2012}, we produce blackbody spectra of stars and photometric light curves of equal and unequal mass detached binaries and a contact binary. Stellar blackbody spectra are accurate to better than 1\%. Resultant light curves have less scatter than existing methods, such as \texttt{shellspec}\citep{Budaj2004} and show the expected morphology. Our method allows for imaging directly from hydrodynamic simulations, with minimal user set-up. This procedure is designed with the intent of producing simulated photometry of stellar merger models.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: “EVERYBODY NEEDS TO BE DOING SOMETHING”: EXPLORING THE CONTRADICTIONS IN ONTARIO WORKS AND THE NORMATIVE EXPECTATIONS BEHIND THE WORK OF BECOMING ELIGIBLE, EMPLOYABLE AND EMPLOYED

contributor:
Collins, Stephanie Baker
Social Work

subject:
Ontario Works
Workfare
Welfare
habitus
common sense
Social Policy
Social Welfare
Social Work
Social Policy

abstract:
Since Ontario Works (OW) was implemented in 1998, the policy has been tinkered with including making changes in benefits and relaxing of some of the more punitive practices such as a life time ban for recipients convicted of fraud. However in OW, one ofOntario's social assistance programs, the requirement to participate in work or work preparation activities, remains relatively unchanged. Intended to end the supposed free riding of recipients, work for welfare continues to be an unwavering policy instrument despite findings that the policy is at best ineffective and at worst counterproductive in helping OW clients find and keep work (Lightman et al 2005, Little 2005, Peck 2001, Quaid 2002).

Some scholars argue that administrative practices are maintained by the normative assumptions on which a policy stands (Fraser 1989, George and Wilding 2003, Plant et al. 1989). In order to investigate the normative underpinnings behind OW work, this study explored the literature on welfare state approaches. This review focused on the normative assumptions surrounding work that are engaged to diffuse and inculcate neoliberal imperatives and class and gender related codes of conduct connected to OW work. By conducting interviews with OW clients and staff, this study also examined the ways in which norms facilitate the administration of OW especially how internalized taken-for-granted ideas about work are leveraged by the policy. Gramsci’s notions of hegemony and common sense (Gramsci 2010) and Bourdieu’s notion of habitus, field and capital (Bourdieu 1989) were engaged as theoretical tools that might explain how taken-for-granted assumptions facilitate the administration of OW and the enforcement of workfare policies.

The project found that the 'works' part of OW is comprised of 3 types of work: becoming eligible, employable and employed. A major contradiction that emerged during the investigation is that OW is focused on ensuring ongoing eligibility - not on employment. The administration of OW work engages with normative expectations surrounding work, welfare and gender that are connected to the contradictions in OW work. It is common sense ideas surrounding these normative expectations (such as the moral benefits of work) that maintain practices and reconcile contradictions. As well, a specific habitus (coach/gatekeeper) operates in OW which engages certain types of common sense ideas that align with normative expectations.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: On the number of distinct squares in strings

contributor:
Franek, Frantisek
Deza, Antoine
Fred Hoppe, Nedialko Nedialkov
Computing and Software

subject:
string
square
primitively rooted square
parameterized approach
d-step approach
run
Theory and Algorithms
Theory and Algorithms

abstract:
We investigate the problem of the maximum number of distinct primitively rooted squares in a string. In comparison to considering general strings, the number of distinct symbols in the string is introduced as an additional parameter of the problem. Let S(d,n) = max {s(x) | x is a (d,n)-string}, where s(x) denotes the number of distinct primitively rooted squares in a string x and a (d,n)-string denotes a string of length n with exactly d distinct symbols.

Inspired by the d-step approach which was instrumental in Santos' tackling of the Hirsch conjecture, we introduce a (d,n-d) table with entries S(d,n) where d is the index for the rows and n-d is the index for the columns. We examine the properties of the S(d,n) function in the context of (d,n-d) table and conjecture that the value of S(d,n) is no more than n-d. We present several equivalent properties with the conjecture. We discuss the significance of the main diagonal of the (d,n-d) table, i.e. the square-maximal (d, 2d)-strings for their relevance to the conjectured bound for all strings. We explore their structural properties under both assumptions, complying or not complying with the conjecture, with the intention to derive a contradiction. The result yields novel properties and statements equivalent with the conjecture with computational application to the determination of the values S(d,n).

To further populate the (d,n-d) table, we design and implement an efficient computational framework for computing S(d,n). Instead of generating all possible (d,n)-strings as the brute-force approach needs to do, the computational effort is significantly reduced by narrowing down the search space for square-maximal strings. With an easily accessible lower bound obtained either from the previously computed values inductively or by an effective heuristic search, only a relatively small set of candidate strings that might possibly exceed the lower bound is generated. To this end, the notions of s-cover and the density of a string are introduced and utilized. In special circumstances, the computational efficiency can be further improved by starting the s-cover with a double square structure. In addition, we present an auxiliary algorithm that returns the required information including the number of distinct squares for each generated candidate string. This algorithm is a modified version of FJW algorithm, an implementation based on Crochemore's partition algorithm, developed by Franek, Jiang and Weng. As of writing of this thesis, we have been able to obtain the maximum number of distinct squares in binary strings till the length of 70.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Biological and Molecular Studies of a Low Oncogenic Mutant of Human Adenovirus Type 12

contributor:
Mak, Stanley
Biology

subject: Biology Biology

abstract: Physical and biological properties of a low oncogenic mutant (cyt mutant) of highly oncogenic human adenovirus type 12 were studied. The highly oncogenic parental strain contains much higher proportion of functionally defective particles than the cyt mutant. The role of defective virions was discussed in relation to oncogenicity of the viruses. Correlation of defectivity and viral DNA structure, as studied by electron microscopy, was made. Some defective virions have a specific deletion in their DNA. Also molecular mechanism for the reduction of virus yield by the cyt mutant was examined and it was found that the viral DNA synthesis was a limiting factor.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Hegel's Interpretation of Chinese History

contributor:
Vitkin, M.
Philosophy

subject:
Hegel
ancient China
beginning of history
Philosophy
Philosophy

abstract: In the Philosophy of History. Hegel argues that the empire of ancient China constitutes the beginning of history. While lithe end of history as a fundamental problem has been commented on extensively in 20th century Hegel scholarship, lithe beginning" has been relatively neglected. This thesis is an attempt to fill an existing gap. It examines Hegel's interpretation of Chinese history in the context of his political and historical philosophy as a whole. It argues that his interpretation proceeds from the vantage point of western modernity. While modern ethical life. according to Hegel. is characterized by the dialectical relationships between the family. civil society. and the state. Chinese ethical life does not differentiate beyond the ethical substance of the family. The Chinese state is model led on the structure of the family and ethical-political duties are defined in terms of filial obligations: moral subjectivity and autonomy which precede modern ethical life are lacking in Chinese culture. Because of the non-differentiation of the Chinese ethical substance. Chinese history is essentially static or non-dialectical. on Hegel's view. In the last two chapters. this thesis attempts to determine the insights as welI I as the limitations of Hegel's account of China in the context of the fundamental changes which modern China has undergone and is still undergoing.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Appraising Canada's Joint/pan-Canadian Oncology Drug Review (JODR/pCODR) Using an Economic Perspective

contributor: Clinical Health Sciences (Health Research Methodology)

subject:
Joint Oncology Drug Review
pan-Canadian Oncology Drug Review
oncology
economics
reimbursement
resource allocation
Medicine and Health Sciences
Medicine and Health Sciences

abstract:
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In 2007, the Joint Oncology Drug Review (JODR) (which ultimately evolved into a permanent body called the pan-Canadian Oncology Drug Review (pCODR)) was established to make recommendations to Canada’s provincial and territorial public drug plans regarding the funding (i.e. reimbursement) of new cancer drugs. The JODR/pCODR exists alongside Canada’s Common Drug Review, which provides reimbursement recommendations to Canada’s provincial and territorial public drug plans for drugs in all other disease areas. Using an economic perspective, this thesis (composed of three separate papers) appraised: the rationale for the JODR/pCODR’s establishment, the JODR/pCODR’s resource allocation goals, and the JODR/pCODR’s decision-making criteria and decision rules. The overarching theme linking the three thesis papers is whether the JODR/pCODR facilitates Canada’s provincial drug plans’ ability to achieve a goal of maximizing health benefits with available resources.

METHODS: For the first two papers, a series of questions regarding the JODR’s establishment, resource allocation goals, decision-making criteria and decision rules were posed. The questions were answered by reviewing peer-reviewed literature and/or JODR/pCODR-published materials and by applying fundamental principles underlying an economic perspective. By again applying these same principles, the third paper in this thesis addressed the challenges associated with striving to simultaneously achieve the pCODR’s resource allocation goals of maximizing health benefits with available resources and striving to improve access to a more consistent standard of care across Canada.

FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION: The various issues identified in this thesis suggest that the JODR/pCODR is unlikely to facilitate Canada’s provincial drug plans’ ability to achieve a goal of maximizing health benefits with available resources for several reasons (which are described in detail in the thesis papers). It is my hope that this thesis will encourage further debate regarding the strengths and limitations of the pCODR and regarding other possible approaches for managing the public reimbursement of cancer drugs.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Integration of time-resolved fluorescence and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy for intraoperative detection of brain tumour margin

contributor:
Fang, Qiyin
Biomedical Engineering

subject:
time-resolved fluorescence
optical biopsy
Bioimaging and biomedical optics
Bioimaging and biomedical optics

abstract:
The annual incidence rate of tumours in the brain and central nervous system (CNS) was 19.89 per 100,000 persons between 2004 and 2008 in the United States. Surgery is a common treatment option for brain and CNS tumours. Typically, biopsy followed by histological analysis is used to confirm tumour types and margin during neurosurgery as an intraoperative diagnostic tool. However, this biopsy method is invasive, sampling number limited and not in real-time. To overcome these problems, many minimally invasive optical techniques, called optical biopsies, have been developed towards intraoperative diagnosis.

The research work carried out in this dissertation focuses on combining the time-resolved fluorescence (TRF) and diffuse reflectance (DR) spectroscopy towards intraoperative tumour margin detection in neurosurgery. Combining these two modalities allows us to obtain additional contrast features, thus potentially improving the diagnostic accuracy. To achieve this goal, first, a clinically compatible integrated TRF-DR spectroscopy instrument was developed for in vivo brain tumour study. An acousto-optical-tunable-filter-based spectrometer was designed to acquire the time-resolved fluorescence signal. A dual-modality fibre optic probe was used to collect the TRF and DR signals in a small volume. The system’s capabilities of resolving fluorescence spectrum and lifetime, and optical properties were characterized and validated using tissue phantoms. Second, in order to retrieve the fluorescence impulse response function accurately from measured fluorescence signals, a robust Laguerre-based deconvolution method was optimized by using the constrained linear least squares fitting and high order Laguerre function basis. This optimized Laguerre-based deconvolution method overcomes the over-fitting problem introduced by low signal-to-noise ratio and complex fitting model. Third, an ex vivo clinical study of brain tumours was carried out using the TRF and DR spectroscopy. Fluorescence spectra and lifetime features were selected to classify various tumour types. The sensitivity and specificity of meningioma grade I differentiated from meningioma grade II are both 100%. Finally, in order to increase the measurement tissue volume and obtain imaging contrast features, a scanning-based hyperspectral fluorescence lifetime imaging system was developed. This setup can provide time-, space-, spectrum- resolved multi-dimensional images for tumour margin detection.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Nicolai Hartmann's Intuitionistic Ethics

contributor:
Simpson, J.E.
Philosophy

subject:
Nicolai Hartmann
philosophy
German

abstract:
No Abstract.

Master of Arts (MA)


title: Ritual and Iconography in the Japanese Esoteric Buddhist Tradition: The Nineteen Visualizations of Fudō Myōō

contributor:
Shinohara, Kōichi
Religious Studies

subject:
Religious Studies
Religion
iconography
esoteric Buddhism
rituals

abstract: [missing page V]

abstract:
Japanese Esoteric Buddhism is characterized as a tradition with extensive use of complex rituals including elaborate rites of incantations, physical hand gestures, and sophisticated meditation techniques. Central to the performance of Esoteric rites is the invocation of a particular deity (or group of deities) accomplished in part through the use in ritual of an iconographic representation of the diety. One such ritual that epitomizes the Esoteric dynamic of art and ritual is the jūkyūkan, the "Nineteen Visualizations," part of ancient meditation rites performed in order to invoke and manipulate the powers of Fudō Myōō and accomplish the goals of the Esoteric practitioner.

Fudō Myōō is one of the most important deities in the Esoteric pantheon whose presence permeated the religious culture of ancient and medieval Japan. In the ancient Heian and medieval Kamakura Periods (794-1185, 1185-1333), Fudō imagery saw great changes. These changes, pointing to a source beyond artistic or local variance, were not only modifications of existing features, but also included additional elements never seen before.

The purpose of this thesis is to examine in detail the Nineteen Visualizations as they relate to both the art and ritual of Fudō. The objectives of this study are two: first, this study seeks to illustrate that the changes in Fudō's iconography were a direct result of the emergence of the Nineteen Visualizations in the Heian Period (the thesis of Part One); and second, it attempts to determine how, as a ritual performance, the Nineteen Visualizations provided the basis for these changes in the iconography that persist even today (the thesis of Part Two).

This thesis will not only highlight the strong relationship between art and ritual in Esoteric Buddhism, but will also redress the Western treatment of Fudō as primarily an artistic icon. Studies of Fudō in the West have been predominately art historical, largely ignoring Fudo's vast scriptural and ritual dimensions, without which the iconography can never be fully understood.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Concept of Faith in the Thought of Soren Kierkegaard

contributor:
Robertson, J. C.
Religion

subject: Religion Religion

abstract:
<p>[Missing pg 70]</p>
Master of Arts (MA)


title: Finding Antigone's Voice: Woman and the Dialectic

contributor:
Ajzenstat, S.
Philosophy

subject: Philosophy Philosophy

abstract: In this thesis, I investigate Hegel's understanding of woman and the role she plays in the dialectical advance of identity. I claim that Hegel's discussion of woman in the Phenomenology of Spirit and Elements of the Philosophy of Right is problematic in that it fails to recognize the difference internal to the category of woman. Hegel treats woman as a homogenous category, which is incapable of internal differentiation. I then investigate the possibility that this inability to recognize woman's difference is indicative of a problem inherent in Hegel's dialectical method itself. I reject this claim by focussing on the necessity of unity for contradiction in Hegel's dialectic. Specifically, I defend a reading of Hegel, which emphasizes that the form of the logical requires both unity and difference, and that if the imminent necessity of a category is to develop properly, both of these elements must be present. Finally, I claim that one may be able to enrich Hegel's discussion of woman if one adopts Kristeva's perspective on the split mother/woman. If one recognizes woman as a heterogeneous category, one can have a conception of woman that sees her as more than merely an Other for male identity.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Sartre's Conception of God

contributor:
Shalom, A.
Philosophy

subject: Philosophy Philosophy

abstract: Master of Philosophy (MA)


title: The horrible in nature reflects our worth: An investigation into the connection between Kant's notion of the sublime and our moral personhood

contributor:
Sassen, B.
Philosophy

subject: Philosophy Philosophy

abstract: The purpose of this thesis is to investigate Immanuel Kant's experience of the sublime and its reference to our moral personhood. I argue that when we contemplate the infinitely powerful in nature manifest in hurricanes, raging seas, etc., we are moved toward our moral nature and our infinite moral vocation. We come to esteem our rational power for moral lawfulness and autonomy in contrast to our more basic physical being. I also investigate what possible path an individual might be expected to pursue given that they embrace their moral nature. I argue that we adopt a disposition that orients us positively toward others and seeks a community of shared ends that contribute to the welfare and promotion of humanity.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: Computer Prediction and Experimental Determination of Fatigue Life Probability Distributions

contributor:
Siddall, J. N.
Mechanical Engineering

subject:
Mechanical Engineering
Mechanical Engineering

abstract:
One of the central unsolved problems of engineering design is prediction of the probability distribution of fatigue life of structural members and machine components. Fatigue data scatter is a manifestation of the probabilistic nature of fatigue failure. A relationship is known to exist between the distributions of the number of cycles-to-failure and the applied stress through the probabilistic stress-life (S-N) curve.

A method was developed for predicting the scatter of fatigue life for structures and components subjected to constant, complex or narrow band random amplitude cyclic loading. The method provides a unique way of predicting the statistical properties of fatigue life using a Monte Carlo simulation technique. In this method the randomness of material properties as well as that of the applied loading are incorporated into a stochastic model in conjunction with appropriate fatigue failure criterion to determine the fatigue life distribution.

A modified probabilistic S-N diagram is used to reflect the variability of the endurance limit and the fatigue strength coefficient. Any damage criterion can be used with the simulated S-N diagrams. When the linear damage law is used, the analysis yields a damage criterion analogous to Miner's rule but with a random cycle ratio. The proposed method was used to analytically predict the characteristics of the cycle ratio distribution. Good agreement with available experimental results is obtained. This result is of particular importance since no assumption regarding the fatigue failure mechanism is made. A phenomenological treatment of damage accumulation below the endurance limit is presented.

The validity of the method is demonstrated for different load histories and materials. Fatigue life data for axial and bending test specimens of SAE 1008 steel sheets subjected to constant amplitude, block and narrow band random loading were generated experimentally. The distributions of the endurance limit, ultimate strength and fatigue strength coefficient were obtained. The endurance life and cyclic stress-strain curve were also determined experimentally. The suggested method has proved successful in predicting fatigue life distributions for each case.

The effects of the randomness of loads, material properties, and the shape of load probability density function were investigated. This study indicates that the large scatter exhibited in fatigue test data is mostly explained by the scatter in the material properties. It was found that the randomness of the fatigue strength coefficient does not significantly affect the scatter of predicted life or its estimated mean value. On the other hand, the variance of the endurance limit has a pronounced effect on the variability of fatigue life. Its effect on the estimated mean is also considerable.

It was shown that the scatter in fatigue life under random loading is less than that under sinusoidal constant amplitude loading. The mean value of fatigue life decreases slightly as a result of increasing the variance of the applied load. Changes in the shape of the load probability density function affect the scatter of life more than its mean value. The predicted fatigue life distribution under random loading depends upon the accuracy of the load probability density function.

The method has the capability of simulating complex load histories of the kind that occur in service. It can also be extended to include possible correlation between peaks of the applied load.

The suggested method is believed to be an efficient tool that can be used at the design stage; it is ideal for parametric studies and provides an attractive alternative to the costly and time consuming prototype fatigue tests. Minimum experimental data is needed for the analysis.

It is concluded that implementation of this new technique will substantially improve the ability of the engineer to design reliable fatigue resistant components efficiently.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Mechanistic Aspects of the Complexation, Chalcogen Abstraction and Sigma Bond Insertion Reactions by Transient Silylenes and Germylenes in Solution

contributor:
Leigh, William J.
David J. H. Emslie, Ignacio Vargas-Baca
Chemistry and Chemical Biology

subject:
photochemistry
silylene
germylene
kinetics
thermodynamics
spectroscopy
Inorganic Chemistry
Physical Chemistry
Inorganic Chemistry

abstract:
The complexation reactions of silylenes (SiMe2, SiPh2 and SiMes2) and germylenes (GeMe2, GePh2 and GeMes2) with a series of O-, S-, N- and P-donors have been studied in hexanes solution. The equilibrium constants for complexation of SiMes2 and GeMes2 with 7 Lewis bases were determined, and demonstrate that the silylene is more Lewis acidic than the germylene by ca. 1 kcal mol-1. Diethyl ether reacted with the six tetrellylenes with equilibrium constants that decrease in the order SiPh2 > SiMe2 > GePh2 > GeMe2 > SiMes2 > GeMes2, establishing a trend in the Lewis acidities of the silylenes and germylenes. Experimental results are complemented by calculated (G4) binding enthalpies of the MMe2-donor complexes, which were found to correlate with Drago’s E and C parameters leading to the classification of SiMe2 and GeMe2 as borderline soft Lewis acids.

A number of sigma-bond insertion reactions by transient silylenes was examined, namely the O-H, N-H and Si-O insertion reactions with alcohols, amines and siloxanes, respectively. In all cases the reactions were found to proceed via a two step mechanism in which the first step is a reversible formation of a Lewis acid-base complex. The second step was found to be a catalytic H-migration in the reactions with alcohols and amines; the catalysis by the alcohol is at least 104 times faster than that by the amine. Complexes of silylenes with alkoxysilanes and siloxanes transform into the final products via a unimolecular [1,2]-silyl migration.

Chalcogen abstraction reactions by silylenes (SiMe2, SiPh2, SiTmp2 and SiMes2) and germylenes (GeMe2 and GePh2) from oxiranes (cyclohexene oxide (CHO) and propylene oxide (PrO)) and thiiranes (cyclohexene sulfide (CHS) and propylene sulfide (PrS)) were investigated by laser flash photolysis and steady-state photolysis methods. The results indicate that the reaction proceeds via a two step mechanism, in which the first step is a reversible complexation followed by a unimolecular decomposition of the complex to yield products of chalcogen abstraction, namely alkenes and the corresponding R2M=X transients (R = Me, Ph, Tmp and Mes, M = Si or Ge, X = O or S). Diphenylsilanethione was directly detected and identified on the basis of its spectra and reactivity with amines and alcohols. The O- and S- abstraction by silylenes proceed with ca. 50% efficiency; in contrast, no evidence for O-abstraction by GeMe2 from CHO could be found, while propene was formed in ca. 35% yield in the reaction of GeMe2 with PrS.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: CATECHOLAMINE-REGULATED PROTEIN 40 IN PARKINSON’S DISEASE

contributor:
Gabriele, Joseph
Mishra, Ram
Doering, Laurie
Neuroscience

subject:
Catecholamine-regulated protein 40
Parkinson’s disease
movement disorder
protein cloning
oxidative stress
Diagnosis
Medical Biochemistry
Medical Molecular Biology
Nervous System Diseases
Therapeutics
Diagnosis

abstract: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative movement disorder involving protein misfolding, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress. The current dissertation, motivated by a lack of valid biomarkers and sustainable therapies, examined the potential application of a novel target for therapeutics and diagnostics of PD — the multifunctional, heat-shock like protein Catecholamine-Regulated Protein 40 (CRP40). The goal of this program of research was to elucidate further the implications of CRP40 in PD using a variety of molecular biology, bioinformatics, and clinical approaches through integrative collaborations with academia, government, and industry partners to translate scientific findings into real world solutions. Chapters 2 and 3 explored the potential therapeutic use and structure-function relationships of CRP40 through elucidating the smallest functional piece of this protein that was six times smaller, and validating a negative control for these experiments (Heat-Shock Protein 47). These initiatives could eventually lead to a small drug that could cross the blood-brain barrier and be targeted to the specific brain regions affected in PD. Chapter 4 examined the potential mechanisms of CRP40, and suggested that this protein may protect neurons from oxidative stress, maintain energy levels, and mitochondrial homeostasis, with important future implications for a variety of disorders. Finally, Chapter 5 presented compelling evidence for the potential use of CRP40 as a valid biomarker for early detection of PD and monitoring of disease progression. Overall, findings suggest that CRP40 may be a critical target for future breakthroughs in the diagnosis and treatment of PD.

abstract: Doctor of Science  (PhD)


title: Human Agency in Law and Jurisprudence

contributor:
Sciaraffa, Stefan
Waluchow, Wilfrid
Gedge, Elisabeth
Philosophy

subject:
philosophy of law
natural law theory
legal positivism
methodology of jurisprudence
Ethics and Political Philosophy
Other Philosophy
Ethics and Political Philosophy

abstract: This dissertation explores the way in which different conceptions of human agency have helped to shape the course of jurisprudential thought. The overarching aim is to bring to the surface the deeper commitments of Hartian positivism in its various engagements with rival accounts of the nature of law. In particular, I argue that although contemporary positivists take their account of law to be metaphysically noncommittal, views of what it is to be a human agent continue to motivate, if implicitly, their positions on such enduring jurisprudential questions as the nature and source of law’s normativity, the relationship between law and morality, and so on. In order to better understand these debates, we must therefore understand better the relationship between a theory of law and the conception of human nature that drives it.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Labels, Stigma and Sick Roles in a Therapeutic Culture: The Case of Developmental Coordination Disorder

contributor: Neil McLaughlin, John Cairney, Cheryl Missiuna

subject:
Labelling Theory
Stigma
Sick Role
Therapeutic Culture
Developmental Coordination Disorder
Educational Labels
Educational Sociology
Medicine and Health
Educational Sociology

abstract:
Labelling Theory stipulates that once an individual exhibits deviant behaviour, such as acting outside of the norm, the public and even close relatives will react to this behaviour by labelling it. Some of these labels result in social and psychological consequences for the individual, and Labelling theorists argue that, at the very extreme, they culminate in a self-fulfilling prophecy wherein the labelled individual fulfills the expectations others have placed upon him/her. Labelling Theory has been questioned for its lack of consistent supporting empirical evidence and still faces much scrutiny by leaving many unanswered questions, particularly within educational contexts. Several societal changes have created a profoundly different climate for labelling in the domains of mental health and education and beg the re-evaluation of labelling theory’s original arguments.

This dissertation empirically tests the main tenets of Labelling Theory within an educational setting by exploring the experiences of children identified as having symptoms of Developmental Coordination Disorder in aNorthern Ontariocity. This study finds that children who are yet undiagnosed with DCD are often stigmatized not only by their peers, but also by educators, public, and even close relatives. However, those children who were formally labelled were granted more opportunities and were often more accommodated within the educational context. It also finds that formally labelled children often had varying degrees of self-confidence; conversely, those who were not labelled or awaiting diagnosis were often more critical of their abilities and were frequently socially isolated. Finally, this study found that parents played an active role in acquiring formal labels and services for their children throughout the diagnostic process and afterwards. These findings have implications for educational and health care related policies and future research for Labelling Theory.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: The Phenomenology Of Nothingness

contributor:
Madison, G.B.
Philosophy

subject:
Heidegger
concept of nothingness
Being and Time
Philosophy
Philosophy

abstract:
This thesis attempts to render a comprehensive interpretation of Heidegger's concept of nothingness as it is argued for in Being and Time. This thesis has two main objectives: 1) to reinterpret Heidegger's concept of the anxiety in which Dasein experiences nothingness and to argue against the standard interpretation which states that Dasein experiences anxiety or nothingness when it acknowledges its mortality, and 2) to show that section 40 of Being and Time should be interpreted independently from later sections. The main emphasis of this thesis is to clarify what Heidegger means by nothingness and to criticize those who misinterpret Heidegger. I attempt to provide a more satisfactory account of nothingness and its relation to anxiety and death.

In chapter I, merely give an account of Heidegger's concept of inauthenticity, which includes the following concepts: The "they", averageness, distantiality, levelling down, publicness, idle talk, curiosity, ambiguity, and falling and throwness.

In chapter II, I discuss anxiety and nothingness. refer to Heidegger's essay entitled "What is Metaphysics?" in order to get a deeper understanding of Heidegger's concept of nothingness. I argue against the standard interpretation and show that nothingness can be experienced without the acknowledgement of one's mortality.

In chapter III, I attempt to answer the following question: What does Heidegger mean by death? I outline the arguments of various interpreters of Heidegger's concept of death. They equate nothingness with one's acknowledgement of mortality, i.e., the possibility of one's own death. Those who argue for this position do not understand what Heidegger means by nothingness and its significance to death. I criticize these interpreters and reveal their oversights and misinterpretations, and then put forth my own interpretation of what Heidegger means by death.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: "Painting the Landscape": Regional Study in Britain During the Seventeenth Century

contributor:
Daly, James
History

subject:
Britain
seventeenth century
pride
geographers
European History
History
European History

abstract:
During the time between Queen Elizabeth I and the Restoration in particular, the foundations of English historical scholarship were laid and modern historical consciousness was born. Local pride was also manifested in historical-antiquarian- geographical accounts of the various regions of Britain, especially those based on county units. This type of study, often called "chorography" by contemporaries, centred on surveys on which local antiquities were often viewed. first hand. It is generally regarded as having been introduced into England by John Leland during the latter part of the sixteenth century, reaching its climax with the publication of William Camden's monumental Britannia, first issued in 1586.

The present study examines the work of the chorographers who followed these two men (chronologically, at least), and who have been relatively neglected by subsequent historians and geographers. Here, the character of this literary form as a whole is for the first time set out in detail, i.e., its subject matter and parameters; thus also, many of the individual "regional studies" which are obscure or totally unknown to the scholars of today are examined with regard to the author's background, purpose, attitude, style, etc.

In the second half of the seventeenth century, regional study became considerably more realistic and practical than that of the earlier workers in the field, usually concentrating on an examination of the natural--not "merely" civil-history of a region. The impetus for this is traced to t he influence of the activities of the Royal Society , which largely followed the scientific dicta of Sir Francis Bacon.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Thermal Neutron (n,α) Studies in the Rare Earth Region

contributor:
Macfarlane, R. D.
Chemistry

subject: Chemistry Chemistry

abstract:
Alpha decay from the thermal neutron capture states in Nd143, Sm149, Sm147, Gd155 and Eu151 has been studied. Precise measurements of the thermal neutron (n,α) effective reaction cross sections (σ) and the Q-values for various alpha transitions have been made. Decay schemes have been proposed and a comparison has been made in each case with those obtained by other workers. Experimental values for cross sections were compared with those calculated using the statistical model approach. From the Q-values and cross sections obtained, alpha emission reduced widths have been evaluated.

Neutron transmission experiments were made to obtain information on the spins and parities of the capture states in the case of Sm149. The contribution of bound levels to the neutron capture cross section was confirmed for both Sm149 and Nd143.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Effects of Physical Disturbances on BioSand Filters Used for Point-of-Use Water Treatment

contributor:
Dickson, Sarah
Schuster-Wallace, Corinne
Civil Engineering

subject:
BioSand Filter (BSF)
Point-of-use
Household drinking water treatment
Slow sand filtration (SSF)
Civil and Environmental Engineering
Civil and Environmental Engineering

abstract:
Over 750 million people, 80% of whom live in rural communities, lack access to improved water sources. Even where an improved water source is easily accessible, recontamination and/or inadequate infrastructure may make it unsafe for human consumption. A lack of safe water leads to elevated rates of waterborne diseases and can exacerbate cycles of poverty by forcing individuals to miss school and work and to travel greater distances to secure better-quality water. Households in rural and remote communities may thus choose to use point-of-use treatment as a means of gaining greater control over their water quality and the health of their families. The BioSand Filter (BSF) is one such technology: it is an intermittently-operated household-scale slow sand filter currently used in over 70 nations around the world.

This thesis situates point-of-use water treatment, and specifically the BSF, within the context of the relationship between water and health and the continuum of technologies used for water treatment. From this foundation, it presents the methodology and results of a study carried out to inform best-practices around BSF use by: (a) examining the effects on BSF media and filtration performance of physical disturbances that may commonly occur in the field; and (b) assessing whether the biological community within BSFs promotes nitrification that could produce elevated nitrate/nitrite levels.

Results demonstrated that disturbing the filters through moving and side impacts caused marked sand compaction and decreased flow rates for plastic (Hydraid) BSFs. Although these decreased flow rates may contribute to user frustration and disuse, they were not associated with reduced filtration performance. Nitrate and nitrite concentrations were well below WHO guidelines for all samples, but changes in nitrogen speciation suggested that nitrification was mediated by the biological community within the filters. Recommendations for practitioners and for future research are discussed in light of these findings.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: Old Age Policy in Canada: A Critical Look at the Partial Indexation of the Income Tax and Welfare Systems

contributor:
Denton, M.
Sociology

subject:
welfare state
Canada
senior citizens
Old Age Security
politics
economics
Sociology
Sociology

abstract:
One of the more interesting changes observed over the Twentieth Century has been the development of industrialized nations such as Canada into "welfare states", wherein there is some degree of a redistribution of national wealth, in the interest of creating a social safety net. While the Canadian welfare system grew and matured during the early and mid 20th Century, the larter quarter has been a time of stagnation and in some cases, retrenchment. A key rationale for proposals to reduce seniors' benefits has been the accelerated rate of population aging, and how current programs cannot be sustained in light of the increasing numbers of the elderly who will draw on them.

In response to these concerns, the Progressive Conservative government made a number of structural changes to Old Age Security and the tax system in the 1980's, in the form of partial de-indexation, which would effectively decrease the number of people eligible for Old Age Security, and reduce tax credits available to seniors each year.

This thesis uses time series national data to show how benefits and tax credits have declined over the last decade. From a political economy perspective, this process can be viewed as a gradual and stealthy transformation of the welfare state. Government maintained income security is gradually being dismantled and placed back into the hands of the market place. The tax system is being redefined in such a way that tax cuts that middle and lower income Canadians rely on are slowly losing value.

While RRSP contribution levels have been increased and some Canadians invest to both prepare for retirement and to gain the tax exemption for the invested income, only those with higher incomes can gain the most from this option. The effects ofthis process are discussed and the implications are considered in terms of distributional equity.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Total Synthesis of (±)-Ochrobirine

contributor:
MacLean, D.B.
Chemistry

subject: Chemistry Chemistry

abstract:
The spirobenzylisoquinoline alkaloids form a group of twelve bases incorporating a ring system which has only recently been recognized. The total synthesis of several of them has been realized. A new route to the spirobenzylisoquinolines is described here and differs from those previously reported. The readily available 2-phenyl-1,3-indandiones were used as starting materials and the synthesis of the spiro system was completed by construction of ring B through a modified Pomeranz-Fritsch reaction. The introduction of the nitrogen and the two carbons required to complete the carbon framework was achieved through bromination followed by displacement of bromine by aminoacetaldehyde diethyl acetal. Acid cyclisation after protection of the nitrogen completed the synthesis of the spiro system. The scheme was tested using 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1,3-indandione to give an analogue of ochrobirine. (±)-Ochrobirine, a member of the spirobenzylisoquinoline alkaloids, was then synthesized according to the scheme outlined.

During the course of this work, two rearrangement of the spirobenzylisoquinoline system were observed. The first offers a route to the phthalide isoquinoline alkaloids while the second provides a route to the protoberberine alkaloids. A possible mechanism for the two rearrangements is offered. In the light of the results obtained from this work and of those from the work of others, a model for the biogenesis of the spirobenzylisoquinoline is proposed.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Smooth Finite Cyclic Group Actions on Positive Definite Four-Manifolds

contributor:
Hambleton, Ian
Mathematics

subject: Mathematics Mathematics

abstract: Smooth actions of odd order cyclic groups on closed positive definite simply connected 4-manifolds are considered. For such an action, by studying its associated instanton one Yang-Mills equivariant moduli space, it is proved that the fixed point pattern of the singular set and the isotropy representations are the same as those of an equivariant connected sum of complex projective spaces acted linearly by the same group. Under certain assumptions, questions regarding the number of distinct possible isotropy representations at singular points arising in smooth actions and equivariant connected sumes of algebraic actions on 4-dimensional complex projective spaces are answered.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: BEFORE ‘CHURCH’: POLITICAL, ETHNO-RELIGIOUS, AND THEOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE COLLECTIVE DESIGNATION OF PAULINE CHRIST-FOLLOWERS AS EKKLĒSIAI

contributor:
Runesson, Anders
Westerholm, Stephen
Schuller, Eileen
Religious Studies

subject:
ekklēsia
synagogue
New Testament
voluntary associations
Greco-Roman politics
Apocrypha
Philo
Josephus
patristic
Other Social and Behavioral Sciences
Other Social and Behavioral Sciences

abstract: In this study I situate socio-historically the adoption of the term ekklēsia as a permanent collective identity by early Christ-followers, particularly Pauline ones. I contribute to at least four areas of ekklēsia research. First, my examination of almost 1900 inscriptional occurrences of the word ekklēsia indicates a lack of evidence for a non-civic association self-identifying collectively as an ekklēsia. Second, I develop the preliminary observation by Runesson, Binder, and Olsson (2008) that ekklēsia can refer either to a gathering of Jews or to the self-designation of a Jewish community, i.e., that ekklēsia is one among several terms that can be translated into English as “synagogue.” This problematizes, from an institutional perspective, suggestions common in scholarship that Paul was “parting ways” with Judaism(s), ‘Jewishness,’ or Jewish organizational forms. Third, given both that non-Jewish Christ-followers could not be designated using the ethno-religious term “Israel” and that ekklēsia is a Jewish synagogue term, Paul’s designation of his multi-ethnic communities as ekklēsiai allowed gentiles qua gentiles to share with Torah observant Jews qua Jews in God’s salvation history with Israel. Ekklēsia, thus, does not indicate an inherently supersessionist identity for communities designated by this term. Fourth, Paul’s adoption of a political identity (civic ekklēsia) for his communities need not imply his promotion of counter-imperial civic ideology. Greek literary (e.g., Plutarch) and inscriptional evidence suggests that if an Imperial period non-civic group (e.g., voluntary association) self-designated as an ekklēsia, it could have been perceived as a positive, rather than as an anti-Roman, participant in society.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Sartre's Thinking Of Marx

subject:
Jean-Paul Sartre
Karl Marx
fetishism theory
Philosophy
Philosophy

abstract:
Jean-Paul Sartre' s central purpose in writing the Critique of Dialectical Reason was to render intelligible Karl Marx's principle that circumstances make people just as much as people make circumstances. With the intent of complementing Marx's work, Sartre sought to theoretically connect the marxist outline of social process with its constituting parts--individuals. He sought to do this without ascribing to circumstances a superorganic existence, and in terms of the general structure of individual action per se. In place of a super organic being he attributed unintended consequences to all individual action (as well as intended consequences). The actual influence of circumstances upon people he explained by the fact that products bear some trace of the intentions of those who made them. The product becomes a sign, and people construct about them a world of signs.

Within this world of signs people tend to become separated as mediations between constructed things. It is in this sense, that is, in explaining how social relations tend to occur indirectly through the products of praxis, that Sartre sought to justify a rejection of organicism by developing his interpretation of Marx's theory of fetishism.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: The Reproduction of Patriarchal Ideological Hegemony in Soap Opera: A Case Study

contributor:
Knight, Graham
Sociology

subject:
patriarchal ideology
soap opera
Stuart Hall
theory of mass media
Gender and Sexuality
Inequality and Stratification
Sociology
Gender and Sexuality

abstract: This research analyzes the reproduction of patriarchal ideological hegemony in the soap opera Another World using Stuart Hall's theory of the mass media and his conceptualization of ideology. A structural analysis of five one hour video-taped episodes of Another World reveals how the soap opera text constructs meaning fulfilling the three functions of the mass media, and thus, reproducing patriarchy's hegemony. This research confirms Hall's theory of the mass media and the propositions which flow from his conceptualization of ideology. Moreover, this research is the first attempt to systematically apply Hall's theory to the study of soap opera. It goes beyond the generalizations of his theory to look at the particularities of soap opera which contribute to the reproduction of patriarchal ideological hegemony. However, it is seen that what is problematic to this research, and all research on soap opera, is a lack of a theory of the reader.

abstract: Master of Arts (MA)


title: RENAL FUNCTION IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING SURGERY

contributor:
Devereaux, PJ
Health Research Methodology

subject:
acute kidney injury
dialysis
cardiac surgery
troponin
hypotension
Cardiology
Cardiovascular Diseases
Nephrology
Surgery
Cardiology

abstract: Reduced kidney function around the time of surgery is an important risk factor for postoperative mortality. Despite this there is limited information on how reduced kidney function prior to surgery alters prognosis, what causes sudden decrements in kidney function after surgery (known as acute kidney injury), or how they might be avoided. The studies in this thesis inform these knowledge gaps. Chapter 2 describes the results of a post hoc analysis of the interaction between preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate, a marker of kidney function, and postoperative cardiac troponin T, a marker of heart damage, for predicting 30-day mortality in a prospective cohort study of patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. Chapter 3 uses administrative and clinical data from a single centre to inform the risk of acute kidney injury after noncardiac surgery by concentrations of preoperative hemoglobin and change in postoperative hemoglobin. Chapter 4 uses the same data to determine a definition of intraoperative hypotension that is prognostic of acute kidney injury, myocardial injury and death. Chapter 5 describes a randomized controlled trial that compares a novel therapeutic procedure called remote ischemic preconditioning to a sham procedure in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Prognosis in current heart failure patients

contributor: Clinical Epidemiology/Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics

subject:
Heart failure
prognosis
survival
circulating progenitor cells
implantable cardioverter defibrillator
Cardiology
Cardiovascular Diseases
Cardiology

abstract:
Background: Heart failure (HF) constitutes an important growing medical and economic problem with high prevalence and mortality. Prognosis assessment remains a challenge because of the dynamic nature of HF and the existence of some unexplained variation in outcomes. Our objective was to refine the process of prognostic assessment in current HF patients.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review to identify existing risk prediction models in ambulatory HF patients, a meta-analysis to identify mortality predictors in HF patients treated with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), a retrospective cohort study to validate a new model, the HF Meta-Score, derived from the results of the meta-analysis and a cross-sectional and prospective cohort study to evaluate whether circulating progenitor cells (CPCs) are associated with functional capacity and mortality in ambulatory HF patients.

Results: We identified 20 risk prediction models in ambulatory HF patients; only five were externally validated showing limited discrimination and calibration. The two most validated models were derived from HF cohorts from the 1990s and reported limited performance in ICD patients. In a meta-analysis, we identified that age, baseline renal function, history of heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, left ventricular ejection fraction, NYHA class, atrial fibrillation, wide QRS and the occurrence of appropriate or inappropriate ICD shocks were independent mortality predictors. Some of these predictors were omitted in previously identified models. From the results of the meta-analysis, we developed the HF Meta-Score that showed better performance that an existing model. We observed that CPCs were independently associated with functional capacity and outcomes in ambulatory HF patients.

Conclusions: These results open many pathways to further refine the prognostic assessment in ambulatory HF patients. The HF Meta-Score is a promising score. The clinical utility of the HF Meta-Score and of the incorporation of new predictive factors, such as CPCs, needs to be tested.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: A Mathematical Programming Model of Trade and Protection Applied to the Canadian Textile Sector

contributor:
Williams, J.R.
Muller, R.A.
Butterfield, D.W.
Economics

subject:
general equilibrium model
trade policy
Cobb-Douglas function
Canadian textile sector
Economics
Economics

abstract:
This thesis develops a computable, non-linear programming, general equilibrium model of the Canadian textile sector for the purpose of addressing certain trade policy issues.

One of the unique features of the model is the specification of the objective function a CES nested in a Cobb-Douglas function. This objective function incorporates the assumption of diminishing marginal utility', an assumption which is almost universally accepted in microeconomic theory but which is conspicuously missing in linear programming models. This objective function also allows for imperfect substitutability between domestically produced textiles and imported textiles.

The textile sector is significantly disaggregated to allow for the interconnections among the various textile industries in the sector. In addition, unlike partial equilibrium models which do not consider what happens to other industries outside the sector under study, this model is able to shed same light on the behaviour of these industries.

The model is solved by an optimization package called MINOS (a modular in-core nonlinear optimization system) and then used to predict the 1979 variables to set a benchmark for the model. The model predicts most variables reasonably well.

The results of the experiments confirm Bhagwati's concept of equivalence as applied to general equilibrium models. The results also show that if protection in textiles is removed, imports will pour in, leading to declines in output and employment in the textile industries. The finding that there is considerable anti-protection in the textile sector agrees with the view expressed by other writers. The results also show that, in general, a textile industry at a later stage of processing tends to expand if it is the only one protected and an industry at an early stage of processing tends to contact if it is the only one protected.

Given any quota, its tariff equivalent can be computed using the model. With reference to tariffs and subsidies, the results show that one cannot say categorically that one means of protection is generally preferable to the other, a finding which is consistent with the trade distortions literature.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Paleoclimate Models for Western North American as Inferred from Speleothem Isotope Records

contributor:
Schwarcz, Henry P.
Ford, Derek C.
Geology

subject: Geology Geology

abstract:
Prediction of future climate change relies on the accuracy of models that can be calibrated using paleoclimate proxy data. The longest and most continuous records are based on marine sediment and ice cores, but cannot be dated using absolute radiometric techniques. Analyses of speleothems from western North America were used to develop well-dated isotope records for Quaternary paleoclimate reconstructions. This research uses the oxygen and carbon isotope records of speleothems from Reed's Cave, in the Black Hills of South Dakota, to determine the presence of high resolution and long-term climate cycles. δD analyses of fluid inclusion water extracted from speleothem were used to estimate absolute paleotemperature change.

Oxygen and carbon isotope analysis of two Winsconsin age speleothems shows different δ18Oct (δ18O of calcite) records for their coeval period of growth. The growth rates for the speleothems also differ and suggest that local environmental factors may have produced the divergent isotopic variation. Spectral analysis of the oxygen isotope record reveals the presence of millennial-scale cycles and Heinrich events. Good correlation with speleothem isotope records from Missouri and Israel confirm that global climate is being recorded.

Three mid-Pleistocene speleothems from Reed's Cave grew from 550,000 to 150,000 years ago have divergent isotope records but show evidence of global climate change. Local differences in hydrology and topography are attributed to the different records. Two speleothems show large isotopic variation during marine isotope stages (MIS) 11 and 13. These results show the sensitivity of the speleothem isotope record to climate change on the continents. There is evidence that MIS 13 was warmer than MIS 11, information that rejects the theory that MIS 11 was the warmest Quaternary interglacial.

The measurement of δD variations in speleothem fluid inclusion water gives a record of paleopreciptitation for two sites in western North America. The temperatures calculated show large magnitude changes in temperature during the Wisconsin glacial period of up to 10 °C. The temperature shift for the coeval period of the growth for the two speleothems shows sychronous warming and cooling events between 60 and 55 ka BP. Results of δD analyses of a speleothem from the central California coast show Holocene cooling that was initiated at approximately 8 ka BP and may be evidence of the hypsithermal.

This research was initially intended to develop paleoclimate records for western North America but also succeeded in providing additional insight on speleothem geochemistry. Divergent isotope records in coeval speleothems is not necessarily evidence of non-equilibrium deposition. We found corresponding differences in the deposited calcite and the fluid inclusion water, which is likely a preserved sample of the original dripwaters. Therefore it is possible to uncover global climate signals in speleothems with divergent δ18Oct records. The influence of local, small scale variables on the isotope record has been underestimated. There is stron evidence that terrestrial proxies record high resolution paleoclimate that cannot be captured by the marine and ice core records.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Language, Reality and Religion in the Philosophy of Ludwig Wittgenstein

contributor:
Weeks, Ian G.
Religious Studies

subject:
philosophy
Ludwig Wittgenstein
language
reality
Wittgensteinian Fideism
Philosophy
Philosophy of Language
Philosophy

abstract:
The philosophical work of Ludwig yvittgenstein divides into two periods. His earlier philosophy is found in the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus and his later philosophy is most clearly presented in the Philosophical Investigations. In this dissertation I present an interpretation of these two works which demonstrates a fundamental continuity between them concerning the essential relationship of language and reality. The origins of my argument lie in a recent discussion of the question of the nature of religious belief which has been called 'Wittgensteinian Fideism'. The 'Fideists' offer an interpretation of Wittgenstein's later philosophy which asserts that language constitutes an epistemologically prior framework which forms a linguistic community's view of reality. In this sense language and its grammar are said to be autonomous from reality and construct an essentially formless world.

I argue against this interpretation of Wittgenstein's later work by showing that in both periods of his life he taught that language and its structural principles are one with reality and that this unity is established in human nature. Wittgenstein argues that language is an objective order of facts in the real world, and that the human production of linguistic facts shows the essential unity of all language as well as the essential unity of language and reality. The assumption that human beings are the source of linguistic facts also enables Wittgenstein to argue for an ethical-religious view of man's place in the world. By means of this interpretation of Wittgenstein's works I am able to refute the epistemological approach to Wittgenstein's later work as well as to offer an alternative view of the implications of his philosophy for understanding religion.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Long-Term Behaviour of Model Piers in Weak Rock

contributor:
Horvath, R.G.
Civil Engineering

subject:
long term behaviour
drilled piers
weak rock
concrete
Civil and Environmental Engineering
Civil Engineering
Construction Engineering and Management
Engineering
Civil and Environmental Engineering

abstract:
The research contained in this thesis is concerned with longterm behaviour of drilled piers socketed in weak rock. The experimental work involved testing of two steel and seven concrete model piers. The 25.4 mm (1.0 in) diameter steel piers had relatively smooth socket walls (RF = 0.033) and were socketed into pseudo-rock material. The concrete piers were 76.2 mm (3.0 in) in diameter and were socketed into weak rock (Queenston Shale). The concrete piers were of two types: conventional socketed piers with relatively smooth socket walls (RF = 0.025) and grooved piers with relatively rough socket walls (RF = 0.081 and 0.303).

The piers were tested under two condition of load support, shaft resistance only and combined shaft resistance and end-bearing support conditions.

In case of steel piers, electrical resistance strain gauges were mounted on the pier shaft to measure the load distribution along the shaft of the piers. For concrete piers under combined shaft resistance and end-bearing support conditions, flat jack load cells with Marsh and Budenberg pressure gauges and/or electrical pressure transducers were used to measure the load transfer at the base.

All model piers were axially loaded in the laboratory using load frames designed and fabricated for this purpose. The axial loads were iii applied by the air cylinders and held constant throughout the period of testing using a regulated air pressure supply.

The test results confirmed that performance of socketed piers can be significantly improved by increasing the roughness of the pier-rock interface. Both the primary creep rate and the load transfer with time were larger for piers with small shaft roughness.

A second stage of creep having a much lower creep rate was observed for all model tests. The time to the end of primary creep was found to depend on the roughness of the socket wall. The primary and secondary creep rate appeared to be dependent on the stress level, shaft roughness, compressive strength of weak rock and support conditions.

The results of the model tests are compared with available test data and with values predicted using methods based on viscoelastic analysis. This method of analysis for piles in clay soils has been modified for application to socket piers in weak rock. It is suggested that the modifications can be used to estimate the long-term settlement of socket piers in weak rock

abstract: Master of Engineering (ME)


title: A PERSONAL HEALTH RECORD MODULE FOR PREGNANT WOMEN: SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT AND USER ADOPTION STUDY

contributor:
Archer, Norman P.
Milena Head, David Chan
Business

subject:
Personal health records
Pregnancy
Smart device
usefulness
ease of use
technology acceptance model
Health Information Technology
Health Information Technology

abstract: Pregnancy is one of the most important periods of a woman’s life, during which lots of potentially worrying changes occur in her body. Being aware of the nature of these changes can help her to make informed decisions and decrease her level of uncertainty and anxiety. Delivering information to pregnant women to help understand these changes is not a new idea. Brief searches of the web turned up many related resources and information. One important aspect of pregnancy that was found to be widely used was keeping daily records in a paper-based format. However, to the author’s best knowledge, there is no pregnancy specific electronic personal health record (ePHR) currently being used in Canada. In this study, a preliminary pregnancy specific PHR module was developed, and its usefulness and usability evaluated.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: Simulating SCWR thermal-hydraulics with the modified COBRA-TF subchannel code

contributor:
Novog, Dave R.
Engineering Physics

subject:
Thermalhydraulics
Code Development
Subchannel
SCWR
Gen. IV
COBRA
Energy Systems
Heat Transfer, Combustion
Nuclear Engineering
Energy Systems

abstract:
Among the six GEN-IV reactor concepts recommended by the Gen-IV International Forum, supercritical water-cooled reactors (SCWR) have gained significant interests due to its economic advantage, technology and experience continuity. In the last few years, extensive R&D activities have been launched covering the various aspects of SCWR development, especially in thermal-hydraulic analysis. In Canada, most R&D projects are led by AECL or NRCan.

SCWR design and development require the modification of simulation codes used for design and safety demonstration of subcritical water-cooled reactors. This study modifies the subchannel code COBRA-TF, applicable to only subcritical water-cooled reactors, to a new version COBRA-TF-SC, applicable to both supercritical and subcritical water-cooled reactors. Supercritical water property data tables and supercritical water property formulations are implemented. Supercritical water heat transfer and pressure drop correlations are also added. The saturation curve in the subcritical model is extended by introducing a pseudo two-phase region at supercritical pressures to avoid any numerical instabilities consistent with other studies.

Some simple fuel bundle experimental data on the flow and temperature distribution are used to evaluate the code. The fuel bundle experiment is simulated with both COBRA-TF-SC and AECL's ASSERT-PV-SC. The COBRA-TF-SC predicted results show good agreement with the experimental data and results obtained from ASSERT-PV-SC, demonstrating good feasibility and accuracy of this code. COBRA-TF-SC is then used to predict the detailed thermalhydraulics behaviour of the 62-element Canadian SCWR fuel bundle design. The advantage of COBRA-TF-SC is that it can accommodate transcritical flow conditions whereas the existing subchannel codes for SCWRs cannot.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: EVALUATION OF NEW PROBES AND APPROACHES FOR CORRELATING OPTICAL AND NUCLEAR IMAGING: APPLICATIONS IN CANCER DETECTION AND TREATMENT

contributor:
Valliant, John F.
Medical Physics

abstract:
The photophysical and biological properties of a series of novel molecules that can be used for dual-purpose molecular imaging (optical and nuclear) and therapy of cancer were evaluated. Specifically isostructural [2+1] Re/Tc complexes, a porphyrin conjugate and an antibody-recruiting small molecule construct capable of targeting prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) were assessed.

The isostructural [2+1] metal complexes were synthesized to act as an optical probe when prepared using rhenium and a nuclear probe for SPECT when the core metal is 99mTc. The rhenium analogues were incubated with MCF-7 cells and confocal imaging was used to visualize the uptake of a rhenium bipyridine cyclohexyl nicotinate derivative. Uptake of the 99mTc complexes in MCF-7 cells were also measured and showed approximately 7% uptake for the pyridine methanol derivative and 5% for the cyclohexyl nicotinate derivative at 120 min. These results demonstrated the utility of the [2+1] isostructural compounds to create dual purpose optical/nuclear imaging agents.

As a complementary approach to the [2+1] complexes, a series of targeted porphyrin derivatives were prepared and screened in vitro. A set of PSMA targeted chlorin e6 (Ce6) derivatives which act as isostructural molecular imaging probes and targeted photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy (PDT) were evaluated. Ce6 was linked to a potent glutamate-urea-lysine based inhibitor of prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA), which is a transmembrane protein overexpressed in malignant prostate cancer. Studies in PSMA positive LNCaP cells showed greater uptake of the agents compared to cells with minimal PSMA expression.

Building on the chlorin PSMA studies, a set of antibody-recruiting small molecules that target prostate cancer, and also act as a SPECT imaging agent (when radiolabeled with 123I) or a radiotherapeutic (when labelled with 131I) were developed. These small molecules consist of a PSMA-inhibitor on one end and 2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP) group on the other which recruits anti-DNP antibodies. A plate reader assay was developed using a PSMA-positive cell line and fluorescently labeled anti-DNP to observe binding and recruitment of antibodies through fluorescence. An iodine-containing derivative with a PEG8 chain between the PSMA inhibitor and DNP was found to be potent (IC50 = 14 nM) and is therefore an attractive candidate for combined radio- and antibody recruiting therapy.

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: Synthetic Jet Actuator for Active Flow Control

contributor:
Ziada, Samir
Mechanical Engineering

subject:
Synthetic Jet
Flow Control
Flow Induced Vibration
Actuator
Tandem Cylinder
Acoustics
Acoustics, Dynamics, and Controls
Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics
Other Mechanical Engineering
Acoustics, Dynamics, and Controls

abstract:
This thesis investigates the characteristics of a long aspect ratio synthetic jet actuator and its application for the active control of the vibrations of the downstream cylinder in a tandem cylinder arrangement.

A long aspect ratio synthetic jet is produced through an axial slit along part of the length of a cylinder. The jet is excited acoustically by a pair of loudspeakers mounted at the cylinder terminations. The study compares between the performance of two different slits with aspect ratios of 273 and 773. The comparison is based on the spanwise distribution of the mean jet velocity and phase between the jet velocity fluctuations and the excitation signal. Three different frequencies and amplitudes are used to excite the speakers covering the range of frequencies used in the control application.

For both cases studied the mean centerline velocity of the jet increases with increasing the amplitude of the exciting signal, but decreases with increasing its frequency. Moreover, velocity deficits of up to 30% are evident as the midspan of the cylinder is approached from either end. Similar trends are also observed for the centerline phase distributions of the velocity fluctuations, with deficits of up to 130°. However, it is observed that for the long slit case the deficits in both the velocity and phase distributions are much larger than those for the short one.

The synthetic jet is then mounted in the upstream cylinder of a tandem cylinder arrangement to be used as a control actuator for controlling the vibrations of the downstream cylinder. A simple feedback control mechanism is used at a Reynolds

number of about 6.3x104. This Reynolds number corresponds to the case where the iii

downstream cylinder’s response is dominated with two frequency components, one at the resonance frequency of the cylinder, which is excited by broadband turbulence in the flow, and the other at the vortex shedding frequency. Both slits studied for the characterization experiments are used to compare their performance as control actuators.

Both jets produce comparable reductions in the vibration of the downstream cylinder. A reduction of about 20% in the total RMS amplitude of the vibrations signal is achieved. This amounts to a reduction of about 50% in the resonant peak and an average value of about 40% in the vortex shedding peak. The optimal values of gain and time lag of the controller are then used to investigate the effect of the jet on the flow. It is found that the short slit jet produced an effect that was traced up to 1.875 diameters downstream, while the effect of the long slit jet dropped dramatically very close to the upstream cylinder.

abstract: Master of Applied Science (MASc)


title: Capture Of Magnetic Inelastic Dark Matter In The Sun

contributor:
Yavin, Itay
Physics

subject: Dark Matter

subject: Particle Physics

subject: Inelastic

subject: Dipole

subject: Theoretical Physics

subject: Elementary Particles and Fields and String Theory

abstract: We consider the phenomenology of the Magnetic Inelastic Dark Matter model, specifically its capture and subsequent annihilation in the Sun. By using the most recent data from the IceCube and Super- Kamiokande neutrino detection experiments, we are able to put limits on the dipole moment of this WIMP candidate for masses ranging from 100 GeV to 10 TeV with a mass-splitting ranging from 0 to 200 keV. Limits are placed on a 100 GeV WIMP with magnetic dipole interactions as low as 2.6 × 10^−6µN for an inelastic parameter of 100 keV

abstract: Master of Science (MSc)


title: Partly Non-local Potentials in the Model Triton

contributor:
Sprung, D.W.L.
Physics

subject: Physics Physics

abstract:
Properties of the model triton have been calculated for two classes of phase equivalent potentials. The partly non-local (PNL) potentials are an attempt to simulate what we know about the nucleon-nucleon interaction, combining long-range locality with short-range non-locality. Rank-two separable potentials are also used for comparison, being constructed not only phase equivalent to the total interaction, but with the attractive part phase equivalent to the local part of the partly non-local potentials. Triton binding energies, wavefunctions, form factors and asymptotic normalization constants have been calculated for all these potentials. Comparisons are made between the two classes of potentials and other type of phase equivalent potentials. Deuteron, triton and nuclear matter properties are discussed.

Both classes of potentials give increasing triton binding energy, ET, as the attractive part of the potential is weakened, with a sharp rise near the limiting condition, when the attractive part of the interaction produces the same binding energy as the complete interaction. In all cases, however, each PNL potential gives 1 to 2 MeV less binding energy than its purely separable counterpart. Two-body properties such as the zero-energy would integral and deuteron wavefunction greatly influence the triton binding energy. The PNL potentials give much more realistic form factors than do the separable potentials although this is due mainly to their lower values of ET. However, none of the potentials reproduce the experimental form factor of ³He near and beyond the diffraction minimum Q²min. There is a strong resemblance of deuteron and triton form factors. The effects of the neutron and proton form factors is discussed. The new observable, the triton asymptotic normalization constant, CT, is not sensitive to changes in the PNL potentials except in the limiting case. It does vary, for the separable potentials, increasing with increasing ET, as the attractive part of the interaction weakens.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: The Red Earth Crees and the Marriage Isolate, 1860-1960

contributor:
Preston, Richard J.
Anthropology

subject:
Crees
Saskatchewan
anthropology
ethnographic research
marriage
Anthropology
Social and Cultural Anthropology
Anthropology

abstract:
No pages i or ii in the hard copy

Pgs. 111 and 209 were combined together in Photoshop because pages were too large for scanning at one time.

abstract:
This thesis is based upon ethnographic and archival research relating to the Crees of Red Earth in east central Saskatchewan. Ethnographic research was conducted at the Red Earth reserves for about a year, mainly in 1971 and 1972. Archival research was carried out at the Public Archives of Manitoba, utilizing documents of the Hudson's Bay Company and the Anglican Missionary Society.

This research has been basically historical in orientation and directed towards obtaining information on the changing subsistence-settlement patterns and social organization of the Crees of the Red Earth region since about 1860. Culturally, the Red Earth people are Plains Crees, originally affiliated with those who centred their yearly activities about Ft. a la Corne, Saskatchewan. Of particular interest is the cultural and social affiliation of the Red Earth people with the Shoal Lake Crees, a Swampy Cree group who formed one segment of the large Indian group attached to The Pas, Manitoba.

A major theme of this thesis is the development of a high degree of in-marriage between the Red Earth and Shoal Lake Crees and the formation of an in-marrying group which is here termed the "deme" or "marriage isolate". It is postulated that the marriage isolate is a social form characteristic of hunter-gatherer society throughout the world and that it was present among Northern Algonkians in the early contact period (and, therefore, also in pre-contact times). Due to the environmental instability of the boreal forest, disruptions due to contact (introduced diseases, fur trade vicissitudes) and contemporary government policies, it appears that Northern Algonkian demes have been in a recurrent state of disruption and re-formation throughout the contact period.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Impact of diet induced obesity on mouse skeletal muscle health: metabolism, growth and regeneration.

contributor:
Hawke, Thomas J.
Medical Sciences

subject:
skeletal muscle
metabolism
regeneration
satellite cell
lipid oxidation
insulin resistance
obesity
high-fat diet
Cellular and Molecular Physiology
Cellular and Molecular Physiology

abstract: Prediabetes can lead to Type II Diabetes Mellitus, yet Prediabetes is a disease in its own right with its own physiological complications. Despite the pervasiveness of Prediabetes in our society and the negative impact on current and future health the extent of myopathy, short of muscle insulin resistance, and the mechanisms behind development of muscle insulin resistance remains unclear. Animal models of diet-induced obesity (DIO) have been employed to assess development of muscle insulin resistance and changes to muscle health. However there is a lack of clarity as to the molecular mechanisms leading to muscle insulin resistance. The goal of the studies presented here was to elucidate changes to muscle health and potential mechanisms contributing to muscle insulin resistance in response to DIO. Since the ability to perform exercise is to date one of the best therapies for Prediabetes and exercise contributes to a healthy muscle mass, the ability of muscle to undergo proper regeneration was also assessed following DIO. The results presented in this work demonstrate that skeletal muscle tissue adapts to increased dietary lipid by an early increase in functional lipid oxidation, mitigating IMCL deposition, despite glucose intolerance. Unfortunately this adaptive response is reversed with prolonged dietary fat intake and the development of muscle insulin resistance. Of note was the stronger link between IMCLs and muscle insulin resistance, compared to inflammation. DIO also led to decrements in satellite cell functionality which, along with physiological changes to HGF content and signaling, likely resulted in the observed impairment in regenerative ability. The results reported here improve our understanding of changes to muscle health and the mechanisms behind development of muscle insulin resistance with DIO. These findings have implications for therapies and treatments for Prediabetes.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (Medical Science)


title: Modelling Rapid Solidification Using Atomistic and Continuum Methods

contributor:
Provatas, Nikolas
Hoyt, Jeff J.
Zurob, Hatem
Materials Science and Engineering

subject:
Rapid Solidification
Computational Engineering
Metallurgy
Other Materials Science and Engineering
Computational Engineering

abstract: Free solidification molecular dynamics simulations were used to study solute trapping behaviour in the Ni-Cu alloy system. The segregation coefficient, K, as a function of crys- tallization rate was compared with several theories of trapping and, in agreement with a model proposed by Sobolev, it was found that complete trapping (K=1) occurs at a finite velocity. In order to gain further insight into the thermodynamic and kinetic factors affect- ing solute trapping, forced velocity phase field crystal (PFC) simulations were performed on a model binary alloy. We find that the complete trapping limit only occurs if a com- bination of wave-like and diffusive dynamics equation of motion of the PFC alloy model. Finally, an amplitude expansion analysis of the PFC formulation for constant velocity so- lidification was performed and an analytic expression for the complete trapping limit and solute drag was obtained.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: THE SENSORIMOTOR CONTROL OF HUMAN STANDING POSTURE: AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE RELATIONSHIP AMONG ATTENTION, VISUAL FEEDBACK AND AGE

contributor:
Lee, Timothy D.
Lyons, James
Cinelli, Michael
Kinesiology

subject:
Aging
Postural control
Attention
Visual feedback
Cognitive dual task
Motor Control
Motor Control

abstract:
Maintaining upright posture is seemingly an automatic task in younger adults, but it may require additional resources in late adulthood due to decreases in sensorimotor and cognitive functions. The thesis used a dual-task paradigm to investigate age-related changes in relation to the secondary task and context-dependent factors attributes to postural control. The postural task involved visuomotor tracking. Successfully performing the visuomotor task necessitated proper sensory feedback, motor response, and sensorimotor integration. Moreover, we used silent counting as a cognitive task to investigate attentional demands on postural control and age-related difference in cognitive processing.

We first investigated the relative contributions of visual feedback delay and cognitive task load on postural dynamics as well as age-related difference in this effect. Our results supported distinct timescale mechanisms for postural control. Moment-to-moment center of pressure fluctuations are dependent on cognitive performance during delayed visual feedback postural control. Also, we demonstrated the increased role of vision with age in postural control. Next, we investigated whether postural control improved when performing a cognitive task with an internal focus of attention. We found that devoting less attention internally by performing a cognitive dual-task enhanced postural control in young adults. Yet, the age-related declines diminish the attentional allocation ability. Lastly, we investigated how older and younger adults differ in employing sensorimotor strategies in a dual-task situation. Our results suggested that age-related changes in postural control may degrade the flexible coordination of the sensory feedback and motor execution. Furthermore, diminished cognitive and attentional capacities may alter postural performance in dual-task conditions.

This thesis adds to the current understanding of the role of sensorimotor processing, attentional influence and age in the control of posture. Our data provide convergent evidence that deterioration of peripheral sensorimotor systems and reduced flexibility in central information processing are responsible for the age-related differences in postural control.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Birkhoff Normal Form with Application to Gross Pitaevskii Equation

contributor:
Craig, Walter
Mathematics

subject: Gross-Pitaevskii equation

subject: Hermite functions

subject: Mathematics

subject: Mathematics

abstract: L^p is supposed to be L with a superscript lower case 'p.'

abstract:
This thesis investigates a 1-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation from the viewpoint of a system of Hamiltonian partial differential equations (PDEs). A theorem on Birkhoff normal forms is a particularly important goal of this study. The resulting system is a perturbed system of a completely resonant system, which we analyze, using several forms of perturbation theory.

In chapter two, we study estimates 011 integrals of products of four Hermite functions, which represent coefficients of mode coupling, and play an important role in the proof of the Birkhoff normal form theorem. This is a basic problem, which has a close relationship with a problem of Besicovitch, namely the behavior of the L^p norms of L² -normalized Hermite functions.

In chapter three we carefully reconsider the linear Schrodinger equation with a harmonic potential, and we introduce a family of Hilbert spaces for studying the GP equation, which generalize the traditional energy spaces in which one works. One unexpected fact is that these function spaces have a close relationship with the former works for the tempered distributions, in particular the N-representation theory due to B. Simon, and V. Bargmann's theory, which uncovers relationship between the tempered distributions and his function spaces through the so-called Segal-Bargmann transformation. In addition, our function spaces have a nice relationship with the Sobolev spaces. In this chapter, a few other questions regarding these function spaces are discussed.

In chapter four the proof of the Birkhoff normal form theorem on spaces we have introduced are provided. The analysis is divided into two cases according to the regularity of the related function space. After proving the Birkhoff normal form theorem, we made an analysis of the impact of the perturbation on the main part of the GP system, which we remark is completel:y resonant.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Huguenot Preaching and Huguenot Identity: Shaping a Religious Minority through Faith, Politics, and Gender, 1629-1685

contributor:
Armstrong, Megan
Kaczynski, Bernice
Aksan, Virginia
History

subject:
Huguenot
Sermons
France
Seventeenth Century
Identity
Absolutism
History of Religion
History of Religion

abstract:
This dissertation examines the development of Huguenot confessional identity and political strategy under the Edict of Nantes through sermons. Here, sermons serve as a vital medium of ideological exchange, shaping and reflecting the mental world of France's Protestant population, while acting as a source of dialogue between Huguenot ministers, their parishioners and readers, and the crown. As a result, this study demonstrates the cultural tools that influenced how the Huguenot population made sense of their position in France in the seventeenth century, and it shows that, while Huguenots lost much of their effective political power after 1629, their ministers were active in the decades after through informal but telling channels, instructing their parishioners about proper civic and political belief, and positing for their various audiences a view of the French polity – and of its absolutist monarchy – that included a legitimate place for the Huguenot population.

The introduction and the first chapter provide the historical and historiographical background, while also offering a detailed explanation of the training and vocation of Huguenot ministers, shedding light on their sermons and their social and professional networks. Chapters two and three provide the heart of the argument, exploring the elements of the sermons that emphasized, first, the necessity of religious particularism for Huguenots within France and, second, their abiding devotion to the crown. Together, these dual elements of Huguenot identity meant that they were negotiating their own vision for the kingdom and their place within it. The final three chapters examine the prevalence and significance of the Huguenot dual identity in diverse sermon themes, while also showing its legacy beyond the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes.

This dissertation provides an important contribution to Reformation and French historiography, while also complicating notions about religious identity and the development of absolutist thought by demonstrating a confessionally-distinct political activism that is not often recognized. It also reveals the interwoven nature of religion and politics in the Reformation era, here as it is manifested in sermons.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)


title: Is Anyone There? The Collapse of Information and Communication Technologies in the Social Worlds and Arenas of Police, Fire and Emergency Medical Services

contributor:
Cuneo, Carl
Sociology

subject: Sociology Sociology

abstract:
horrific events as school shootings, terrorist attacks and natural disasters. The political attention given to emergency preparedness is largely connected to its apparent failure during the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Centre in 2001. Since these attacks, there has been substantial attention given to the state of emergency communication and information sharing (i.e., emergency interoperability). To improve emergency interoperability, information and communication technologies (lCTs) have been implemented throughout Emergency and Protective Services in Canada and the United States.

Using contextual constructionism, social worlds / arenas theory and concepts from science and technology studies, I assess how these technologies are used by emergency responders in two organizationally distinct Canadian Emergency and Protective Services. From this comparative situational analysis, I uncover a two-part critical design-use disconnect between: (1) how emergency ICTs are designed to function and their in-situ application (junctional disconnect); and, (2) how emergency technologies are conceived and defined to be needed by different emergency responders and ICTs designers (ideological disconnect).

The functional and ideological disconnects, I argue, have resulted from: (a) technological anomalies arising from the incorporation of nonhuman actants (such as outside technologies and geographical landscape) and human heterogeneity (numerous workers belonging to various social worlds with multiple needs and uses); and, (b) the various social worlds' ideological and organizational contexts that guide the implementation and use of emergency technologies. To date, emergency ICTs have been implemented with little analysis of their impact on front line responders or society at large. The present research, therefore, provides a grounded analysis and identifies how the local, situational and organizational use of emergency technologies can create impediments to emergency interoperability and collective activity.

abstract: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)