title: Cyclical fluctuation in response to cold pressor pain across the menstrual cycle

abstract: This study investigated possible cyclic fluctuations in pain sensitivity across the menstrual cycle. Subjects were eighteen females with normal menstrual cycles, eight females who use oral contraceptives and eighteen males. As well, females who reported being dysmenorrheic were compared to female who experience little or no pain with menstruation. Female subjects were tested once at each phase of the menstrual cycle (menstrual, follicular, ovulatory and luteal) on the cold pressor task. Male subjects were tested at four correspondingly spaced time intervals. Magnitude estimation procedures, whereby the subject gives pain reports relative to an original standard of experienced pain, were used to monitor pain growth. Tolerance measures to the cold water were also recorded. Analyses revealed no fluctuations in pain sensitivity across the four phases of the menstrual cycle. Females who use oral contraceptives did not differ in their responses to the painful stimuli from females who do not use the pill. Whether female subjects scored as dysmenorrheic or nondysmenorrheic also did not influence responses. Male subjects on the other hand, had significantly higher tolerances than both female groups. As well, the numerical values male subjects attached to their pain reports were significantly lower than the ones given by female subjects. However, males did not experience pain growth at a significantly different rate than females. Results are discussed in terms of previous research, and social/psychological variables in the experience of pain.


title: A study of the artist-heroes of Mordecai Richler : problems of distance and sympathy in his realistic novels

abstract:
This thesis identifies problems of narrative distance and sympathy in the realistic novels which Mordecai Richler writes about artist-figures. Lack of distance creates a problem for Richler: he is so close to his protagonists and shares so many of their assumptions that he often fails to make a convincing case for them in terms that scrutinize their vision with any kind of rigor.
Chapter One introduces the rhetorical devices Richler employs in The Acrobats to manipulate our emotional responses towards Andre Bennett. Chapter Two examines the methods Richler uses to create sympathy for Noah Adler in Son Of A Smaller Hero, focussing on the lack of distance between Richler and Noah which is betrayed by Richler's refusal to reveal anything that undermines Noah unless it is defused by rhetorical devices. Chapter Three confirms that Richler is too close to his artist-hero in A Choice of Enemies to deal adequately and intelligently with such topics as expatriatism and The Spanish Civil War. Chapter Four offers a brief allusion to Richler's experiment with black humour as a necessary prelude to a critique of his latest two novels, in which he makes limited gains in solving some of the problems created by a lack of distance.


title: An Investigation of wind-induced heat losses from flat-plate solar collectors

abstract: This thesis describes full-scale and wind tunnel investigations aimed at determining the forced convection heat loss from flat plate solar collectors to the wind as a function of wind speed, type of supporting structure, and collector location on that structure. Associated with these investigations was an examination of the relevant data and analyses in the literature, including a detailed investigation of the relation currently used in estimating the heat loss term in question. The fullscale data to a good degree corroborated the wind-tunnel results. Thus, some confidence is expressed in the major result of the study: a series of design relations based on the wind tunnel data.


title: Effect of clonidine on amygdala kindling in normal and 6-hydroxydopamine pretreated rats

abstract:
The role of the alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in the development and expression of kindled seizures was examined in vivo . Male Wistar rats were pretreated with either vehicle (VEH) or the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Subsequently all rats were given an acute injection of one of the three clonidine doses (0.001, 0.01, 0.1 mg/kg), an alpha-2 agonist, or saline 30 minutes prior to each kindling trial.
The 6-OHDA pretreatment facilitated the rate of kindling and was associated with stronger than normal seizures. Clonidine (0.1 mg/kg), on the other hand, had an anticonvulsant effect on the development of kindling in both the VEH and 6-OHDA pretreated rats and attenuated the strength of the motor response in the latter group. These antiepileptic effects of clonidine, in the 6-OHDA rats suggests that many alpha-2 receptors reside postsynaptically.
These results suggest an important inhibitory role of the alpha-2 adrenergic receptors in the development of kindled seizures.


title: L'isolement et l'analyse structurale des triterpenes-glycosides des holothuries Psolus fabricii et Cucumaria frondosa

abstract: Holothurins were isolated from two Species of sea cucumbers, Psolus fabricii and Cucumaria frondosa, captured in different locations along the north shore of the St-Lawrence gulf and estuary. This is the first example of the oresence of saponin-like substances in a species of the family Psolidae. Physico-chemical evidence indicates the triterpene glycosidic nature of these bio-active compounds. Structural analyses were conducted on the triterpene and sugar moities resulting from acid solvolyses of the holothurins as well as on the intact glycosides. Partial structures 40 and 43 are proposed for these species.


title: Test-retest reliability and discriminant validity of the computerized personality disorder interview

creator: Ginsburg, Joel Isser, (Joel Isser David)

abstract: The psychometric reliability and discriminant validity of a computerized, self-report personality interview was assessed. The subject sample (N=100) consisted of male and female students from a university introductory psychology course, employees from a general hospital and volunteers from a metropolitan community. Subjects completed the Computerized Personality Disorder Interview (C-PDI) on two occasions separated by an interval of one week. Diagnoses were compared with scale score means. Kappa coefficients for diagnosis ranged from .10 (Avoidant) to .78 (Schizoid). Test-retest correlation coefficients for scale score means ranged from .74 (Obsessive Compulsive) to .90 (Schizotypal and Borderline). Males were significantly higher than females for the Schizoid and Narcissistic scales (p<.01). The C-PDI discriminated between subjects with psychiatric, substance use/abuse, and family psychiatric histories. The advantages of a dimensional system of classification for personality disorders which uses scale scores are discussed.


title: Sugar and agricultural diversification in the Barbadian economy : an overview

abstract:
In essence this study seeks to examine, by way of a 'macro' or 'overview' approach, the evolution and present posture of the agricultural sector of the island economy of Barbados.
Thus, the first two Chapters deal with the major evolutionary forces and events at work from the days of settlement to the immediate post-World War II period.
From the above study we go on to identify the twin forces of sugar production and crop diversification as crucial to the contemporary well being of that sector. Chapter III discusses the efforts to achieve an appropriate balance between them.
Finally, Chapter IV attempts, in a general way, to view agriculture within the context of the economy as a whole and to enumerate the basic lessons of the past which may be of assistance to those who will seek to formulate appropriate policies for development in the years to come.


title: Natural flavour ester production by immobilized Candida cylindracea lipase in organic solvent

abstract: Production of natural flavour esters by lipase was studied. Lipase can catalyze ester formation when an organic solvent, capable of extracting the ester, is used as a bulk phase solvent. Candida cylindracea lipase, which shows broad substrate specificity and pH stability, was immobilized by adsorption to silica gel. Synthesis of ethyl butyrate was studied as a model. The immobilized lipase was shaken in n-heptane containing ethanol and butyric acid. Ester production rate was optimal around: pH 4, decreasing at higher pH values; 30°C, decreasing at higher temperatures; substrate concentration of 0.4 M ethanol and 0.25 M butyric acid. Enzyme hydration was found necessary for stable activity in repeated use. A variety of flavour esters was produced. Ethyl butyrate production was also evaluated in a packed column of immobilized lipase through which a solution of hexane containing substrate was recycled. With a solution volume to packed bed ratio of 3:1, a space velocity of 20h-1 was found to maximize ethyl butyrate production.


title: Reliability analysis of waferboard I-beams : a damage accululation approach

abstract: Both the structural and serviceability reliability has been examined for waferboard I-beams and solid wood joists. The reliability indices of the two different joist types were compared to target reliability indices and to each other to attempt to ascertain the performance of the waferboard I-beams. The analysis was performed using both a first order - second moment approximation and a method incorporating a Monte-Carlo simulation and a Damage Accumulation model. The Damage Accumulation model was also used to evaluate present floor system testing procedures, particularily the CMHC testing procedure. An attempt was made to propose an alternate procedure, one which would result in a cost saving for the manufacturer and at the same time provide information as to the ultimate flexural capacity of the system to the engineering profession.


title: Women in music in Canada : an introduction

abstract: The work represents the first attempt to begin to identify, assess and bring together the primary sources available on women in music in Canada. It is hoped that its content will provide an adequate introduction and basic building block for any future research on the subject. Because music in Canada is largely a transplantation of European musical attitudes, it is necessary to first closely examine the European example of women in music. By presenting several European and American primary sources, it is shown how women were greatly restricted from becoming professional musicians when the Renaissance ideal of European feminine musical accomplishment was solidified by the bourgeoisie in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. It is further indicated that after women won their right to higher musical education in the late nineteenth century, their musical achievements, excluding singing, continued to be measured by a double standard that developed out of European feminine musical accomplishment. It is illustrated that these European feminine musical attitudes have been transplanted into Canada but that significant differences exist. For the sake of undertaking a more complete introductory examination of the position of women in music in Canada, the thesis contains an exploration of the position of women in Canadian Amerindian and Inuit cultures. In the research studied there is no strong indication that Canadian Inuit or Amerindian women receive as high a status or as many music-making opportunities as men. It is found that the effects of the environment and the varying difficulty of the procurement of food in Canadian Amerindian and Inuit culture seem to greatly determine status and the resultant gender roles in music-making. To conclude, resolutions are proposed to help bring about full opportunity for all of Canada's women musicians.


title: Line shapes in Ge (Li) detectors

abstract: Physical arguments have been presented regarding the shape of the peaks in gamma ray spectra produced by a germanium detector. From these arguments a function was derived to represent these peak shapes. This function has been used to fit several gamma ray peaks at various energies and the resulting values obtained for the functions parameters were studied. From the fits obtained for the gamma ray peaks of the O16 spectrum an energy separation of two of the gamma rays of O16 has been calculated.


title: "APLTALK" an APL implementation of smalltalk-80

abstract:
This thesis describes the design and implementation of Smalltalk-80. The dialect of Smalltalk implemented is APLtalk.
An understanding of the procedural semantics of the Smalltalk-80 language is developed using the Contour Model of Block Structured Processes. Independent contour models are constructed for Smalltalk and APL. A prototype system is described which integrates both models. The implementation section of this thesis is concerned with the strategies used to implement mechanisms such as message passing, variable binding and context switching. The Smalltalk language is explained via examples.


title: Axiomatic foundations of homology theory

abstract:
This thesis examines systems for homology theory. The Eilenberg-Steenrod axiom system is analyzed in detail, its consistency and categoricity, and certain relationships of equivalence and dependence are proved. Finally, a non-trivial homology theory is constructed satisfying these axioms: the singular homology theory.
Then, other axiom systems are introduced and briefly examined: D. Puppe's use of the suspension axiom to replace excision, S. T. Hu's subsequent work on this axiom system, G. M. Kelly's similar approach, P. Shanahan and J. W. T. Youngs' axioms for reduced homology theory, and, lastly, T. R. Brahana's system for local homology theory.


title: A revision of the genus macrophya dahlbom (hymenoptera : tenthredinidae) of America north of Mexico

abstract: The species of the genus Macrophya Dahlbom (Tenthredinidae: Tenthredininae) of America north of Mexico are revised. Forty-six species and two subgenera are recognized, Macrophya s. str. with forty-five species, and Pseudomacrophya Enslin with a single species. The subgenus Paramacrophya Forsius is newly synonymized with Macrophya s. str. Eleven species are described as new: amediata, epinolineata, macgillivrayi, masneri, masoni, mensa, nirvana, phylacida, senacca, serratalineata, and smithi; and the following new synonymy proposed: albomaculata (Norton) = contaminata Provancher, errans Rohwer, and fuscoterminata Rohwer; bifasciata (Say) = pulcherrima Kirby; cassandra Kirby = albilabris Harrington, bellula MacGillivray, and externiformis Rohwer; flavolineata (Norton) = confusa MacGillivray, crassicornis Provancher, (?) lineata Norton, and proximata Norton; flicta MacGillivray = fistula MacGillivray; fuliginea Norton = castaneae Rohwer; fumator Norton = pumila Norton, and subviolacea Cresson; mixta MacGillivray = bilineata Dyar nec MacGillivray; nigra (Norton) = minuta MacGillivray; oregona Cresson = obaerata MacGillivray, and obaerata var. dukiae Ross; pannosa (Say) = flaccida MacGillivray, and raui Rohwer; pulchella (Klug) = albifacies Kirby, dvari Rohwer, ornata MacGillivray, and trosula (Norton); pulchelliformis Rohwer = nebraskensis Rohwer; trisyllaba (Norton) = zonalis Norton; and varia (Norton) = fascialis Norton, and fascialis var. puella Ross. Macrophya varius var. festana Ross is removed from synonymy with M. varia (Norton) and accorded specific status, and the following species removed from previous synonymy and recognized as valid species: simillima Rohwer (from intermedia (Norton)) flavolineata (Norton), lineatana Rohwer, and zoe Kirby (from pulchella (Klug)); and oregona Cresson (from pumila Norton). Macrophya dejecta (Norton) is removed from the list of Nearctic species, being removed from synonymy with M. cinetula (Norton) and synonymized with the Palearctic species M. annulata (Geoffroy). Macrophya annulipes Cresson and Sciapteryx coquilletti Rohwer are excluded from Macrophya, these two species considered as belonging to a presently undescribed genus; and Allantus cestus Say is considered as an unrecognized taxon of Tenthredinidae. Neotypes are designated for Allantus intermedius Norton, and A. epinotus Say, and lectotypes designated for species where necessary. The limits of the genus and subgenera are discussed, as are the relationships between the Nearctic and Palearctic faunas. The species assigned to Macrophya s. str. are divided into three main species-groups based on  morphological, genitalic, and chromatic characters, while chromatic characters are used to subdivide one of the species-groups further. Keys to the adults, males and females,


title: Study of an adaptive method of controlling blood glucose concentration

abstract:
A study is made of an adaptive method to control the blood sugar concentration during a glucose tolerance test using a digital computer.
An adaptive algorithm is implemented as a digital computer program. A mathematical model of the glucose regulatory system is used in the study. This model incorporates the time delay present in the actual measuring instruments. The adaptive algorithm predicts the present output on the basis of identification of the system as a pulse transfer function and regulates the glucose infusion rate to give a desired blood-glucose concentration.
The algorithm is tested on a hybrid as well as a digital simulation of the glucose regulatory system.
The results of the digital simulation indicate that this algorithm may be used as long as little or no noise is present. Because of computational problems the hybrid simulation was not very successful.
Suggestions are made regarding the possibility of using this algorithm in practice.


title: Embedding the virtual within the real as a means of de-contextualizing/re-contextualizing the architectural artifact

abstract:
I began this study intending to explore how new media and digital medium in particular might help us to better understand and interact with real spaces as artifacts — particularly in a museum setting. As I searched for the nonobvious effects to which digital media might be used to represent spaces, a few questions arose: how might new media help us to engage the untouchable aspects of places that have changed over time? What are the advantages of using new media when we cannot access the real? As I considered these issues, I became increasingly interested in the co-existence of a virtual and real version of an artifact.
The relationship between the real and the virtual has always been a subject of concern mainly related to the fear that the virtual might threaten or devalue the real. On the other hand despite the increase use of sophisticated virtual environments, there seems to be an increase demand for the face-to-face interaction. This suggests a need for the virtual to co-exist with the real -- in order to augment rather than to replace it.
This thesis addresses specific problems reflected to placing an architectural artifact into a museum or gallery setting where it is both de-contextualized and re-contextualized. It also talks about the role that museum plays with respect to artifacts. It explores how a virtual version might augment the real version of an artifact and investigates the forms that the virtual might take when the two versions co-exist side by side. The "Firestone House and Collection" is used as a case study to explore issues and possibilities.


title: Moment-thrust-curvature relationships for wide flange sections with and without inelastic stress reversal

abstract:
Two computer programs are developed for the computation of the moment-thrust-curvature relationships for metal wide flange sections from the properties of axial test coupons. The first program deals with the case where inelastic stress reversal does not occur but strain hardening may be present. Good agreement is obtained with the results of other researchers. The second program handles the case where a single cycle of inelastic stress reversal takes place.
Both programs divide the section into small rectangular areas, each to be considered concentrated at its center of gravity, and use an iterative procedure to satisfy equilibrium and compatibility.
In order to establish the stress-strain curve for a typical structural steel under a single cycle of stress reversal, nine tests were run on identical coupons. These test results were used with the computer programs to compute a set of typical M-P-Φ curves.


title: Effects of the properties of geogrids on reinforced asphalt pavements

abstract:
In the late 1970's and early 1980's, research in reinforced asphalt pavements was revived from earlier failed attempts with the introduction of high strength plastic reinforcements termed "geogrids". Since then, many more grids have been introduced into the market. These grids, made of polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene, and fibreglass, are produced in a wide range of strengths and configurations. With this large influx of new grids, engineers are faced with the increasing problem of "when to use the grids, which one to use, and how to use it".
Therefore, this thesis is based primarily on addressing some of these questions by evaluating a few grids currently available and determining which characteristics must be considered in their selection and use. Similarly, the problem of evaluating reinforced asphalt concrete slabs in the laboratory has been addressed as it was found that standard testing methods are non-existent. Finally, new compaction equipment producing high quality asphalt is introduced for the compaction of both unreinforced and reinforced asphalt.
The research carried out in this thesis identified the most important parameters affecting the reinforcing mechanisms provided by geogrids. Specifically, it quantifies the relationship between the geometry of the grid and the interlock mechanism. Also, compaction procedures and installation methods have been found to play a major role in the performance of reinforced asphalt pavements.


title: Myth, history, explanation, and the problem of time in the fiction of William Faulkner : with special reference to Absalom, Absalom! and Go down, Moses

abstract: Faulkner did not agree that time is the extinction of successive moments. He believed that the existence of the past has to be acknowledged. In Absalom, Absalom! he portrays four varieties of the past coexisting with the present. The Sutpen history takes on a concrete form, temporally in the mind, in three ways: in the memories of Miss Rosa and General Compson, in the myths created by Jefferson, and in the putative versions invented by Mr. Compson, Shreve, and Quentin. Revising Absalom, Absalom! Faulkner perceived that mythology belonged to a realm outside of both time and the mind. He portrayed a fourth variety of the past by projecting the Sutpen story into eternity where putative notions and mythologized accounts of the family history are actualized. Faulkner wrote Go Down, Moses from this new perspective, projecting Yoknapatawpha into eternity where it could be explained by myth without tension between fact and truth.


title: The effects of urbanization on habitat use by the Big Brown Bat, Eptesicus fuscus

abstract:
Habitat use by populations of the Big Brown Bat, Eptesicus fuscus, was compared in urban and rural areas using ultrasonic sensors. Field work was conducted in eastern Ontario and western Quebec in the summer of 1981. Rural E.fuscus foraging activity was  concentrated in residential zones, with high activity also occurring over water. Activity was low over rural parkland and farmland. Urban habitats did not show significant differences in levels of E. fuscus foraging activity, although the overall foraging rate was lower in the urban environment than in the rural.
The movements of individual Big Browns were monitored using radio telemetry. Tagged E. fuscus from both urban and rural environments used more than one diurnal roost; the possible adaptive value of roost switching for E.fuscus is discussed.
The consequences of urbanization for an insectivorous temperate-zone bat species are considered, with emphasis on differential prey availability and roost availability in urban and rural areas.


title: Repetition in Vergilian simile passages : a study of verbal repetition in the similes and surrounding text in Books 1 - 6 of Vergil's Aeneid

abstract: A reading of the Aeneid leaves the impression that Vergilian similes are deftly woven into their contexts, often looking both forward and backward into the surrounding passages. Yet it has been suggested that the similes are late insertions, added ornatus causa, and that in some instances they are incomplete and not fully integrated into the text. Through an examination of the vocabulary of the similes and their contexts in Books 1 - 6 , and with the use of the Concordance for the frequency of subjectively chosen 'key' words, this thesis assesses to what extent verbal repetition is used by Vergil in those books to connect the similes and the narrative. This assessment, conducted against the background of modern and ancient views of simile and the use of similes by earlier epic poets, leads to a fuller understanding of this aspect of Vergil's literary technique.


title: P. A. Stolypin and the Polish question in Russian politics, 1906-1911

abstract:
P. A. Stolypin (1863-1911), was the Chairman of the Council of Ministers and the Minister of the Interior in the Russian Imperial Government from 1906 until his assassination in 1911. While being generally associated with his agrarian reforms, his rule coincided with an upsurge of Russian nationalism after the Revolution of 1905. Stolypin managed to use this nationalism as a cornerstone of his political program and as a means of attaining the popular support.
He strongly apposed Polish demands for autonomy and for special status for the Kingdom of Poland. The situation for the Polish minority continually deteriorated during Stolypin's rule. Hailing the "constitutional era" with great enthusiasm, the Poles found that obstacles were placed upon them repeatedly by the Stolypin administration. Their representation in the State Duma was drastically cut in 1907 when Stolypin decided that that institution be "essentially Russian."
Significantly, Stolypin's political demise came about when he implemented legislation introducing the zemstvo institution to six of Russia's western provinces under Article 87. The legislation divided the voters into national curiae and was designed to prevent Poles from playing a significant role in the zemstvos. Largely through the efforts of the Right, a conspiracy was organized and the legislation was defeated by the State Council.
In September 1911, Stolypin was assassinated by a young Jewish lawyer who doubled as a Social-Revolutionary and a police agent.


title: Laboratory studies on foliar penetration, movement and metabolism of orthene in white spruce and balsam fir and control of the spruce budworm

abstract:
S-methyl-14-C-Orthene was applied to the needles of white spruce and balsam fir twigs in quantities equivalent to a spray of 3, 6, 12 and 16 ounces per acre (oz/acre) and left to penetrate for periods of 1, 3 and 6 days under environmentally controlled conditions. After 6 days, 45 to 60% of the radioactive Orthene was recovered in a surface rinse of the treated needles while 20 to 30% of the radioactivity was recovered in the tissue extracts. Only 1 to 5% had been translocated away from the site of application.
Thin-layer chromatography revealed the presence of six metabolites along with Orthene in tissue extracts of the balsam fir and of five metabolites in white spruce. Three of these metabolites, Including Monitor, were radioactive in the balsam fir extracts while only two, including Monitor, were found to be radioactive in the white spruce extracts. These radioactive metabolites accounted for only 5 to 10% of the total radioactivity recovered in the tissue extracts while l4C-Orthene represented 90 to 95%, regardless of the quantity applied. The surface residue consisted of Orthene only.
When spruce budworms at the fifth instar larval stage were fed surface rinsed balsam fir and white spruce foliage which had been treated with Orthene concentrations equivalent to or higher than 6 oz/acre for 6 days, 100% mortality was recorded after 72 hours while second instars showed 100% mortality after 72 hours of feeding on foliage treated at only 3 oz/acre for 6 days.
No mortality was recorded in fifth instars feeding on foliage that contained only translocated residues while mortality in second instars reached 100% after 72 hours at the higher concentrations of the treatment (12 and 16 oz/acre).
Therefore, Orthene appears to be a good penetrating insecticide with excellent residual toxicity where direct contact between the white spruce and the balsam fir foliage and the chemical has occured but with very little systemic activity per se.


title: Design and implementation of a controller for a glass fiber chemical vapor deposition machine

abstract:
This thesis is concerned with a design of a closed-loop microprocessor based control system for a glass fiber chemical vapor deposition (CVD) machine.
Current CVD machines require extensive operator skills and intervention in the manufacturing process. From one to seven operators are typically employed. Controllers are single, open loops that are in general,unreliable and inflexible. The CVD process itself is undertaken by only a few companies and a substantial body of knowledge on controlability is lacking.
A fully automatic closed loop microprocessor system is described in this thesis. Its design involved a comprehensive characterization of the CVD process, designing an operator interface, selecting the hardware design and implementing the software. In addition, goals were set with respect to reliability, maintainability and extensibility. A complete system was built and tested.
Results of field trials indicate that the process can be controlled with minimal operator intervention, a single operator can simultaneously control up to eight CVD machines. Reliability and maintainability goals have been met. The operator acceptance has been high.


title: Prediction of heat transfer coefficient around transpiration cooled cylinders in crossflow

abstract:
A numerical method of calculating the heat transfer coefficient in the laminar boundary layer region of a transpiration cooled cylinder in crossflow is presented. The method is applicable to two-dimensional boundary layers, laminar as well as turbulent, with arbitrary distribution of wall temperature and surface blowing rate. Starting profiles of temperature and velocity, which can be obtained either from experimental results or engineering judgement are required. Profiles at successive downstream positions are calculated using a marching integration procedure. Boundary layer parameters such as heat transfer coefficient, wall shear stress, momentum thickness and shape factor are calculated from these profiles.
The method is tested against the well known exact solutions for laminar boundary layers and against turbulent boundary layer data. Thus proven, it is used to study the effect of surface blowing on heat transfer and other boundary layer parameters in the laminar boundary layer region of a cylinder in crossflow.
The method is also used for calculating the heat transfer on an aerofoil section and can be applied to other two-dimensional boundary layer problems.


title: Ribosome metabolism in excised slices of Jerusalem artichoke tuber tissue

abstract: Changes in ribosome populations in artichoke tuber slices aged in water and treated with 2,4-D and kinetin were followed using fractionation and density gradient techniques. A decline in total ribosomes occured during aging due to a drop in the free ribosome population. At the same time membrane bound(m.b.) ribosomes increased significantly. Isotope labelling indicated that extensive ribosome synthesis occured during this period with new ribosomes being randomly distributed between free and m.b. populations. Aging in 5FU prevented formation of m.b. ribosomes without affecting levels of free ribosomes. 5FU markedly changed the sedimentation characteristics of cytoplasmic RNA. Free polysomes gradually increased to a maximum by 24 hr of aging. Membrane bound ribosomes were also predominantly in polysomes. Aging in 5FU did not prevent formation of free polysomes. Hormone treatment significantly increased the total and free ribosome population and slightly elevated the proportion of free ribosomes in polysomes.


title: Information handling and its effect on organization

abstract:
This thesis presents a theory of organization in which the dynamics of change in organization are closely related to the introduction and use of computer based information handling systems. It argues that the computer and its associated specialists permit management to be kept well informed of internal and external activities and the need for organizational change. System design can incorporate, if management so desires, provision for automatic interchange of information between systems serving separate but interrelated organizations.
Four cases are presented to show what has been done by industry and the United States Department of Defense to take advantage of the new technology. The extent to which their progress has influenced Canadian government departments and agencies is examined.
A discussion of the forces at work and the consequent trends toward more participation by senior management and a coordinated Canadian government effort, leads to the conclusion that if early action is taken to standardize, then expensive redesign later on for compatibility of the various information handling systems being automated by departments and agencies can be avoided. A model is suggested by which the basic elements of coordination can be kept conveniently in perspective and through which the effective interrelationship of information handling systems and organization can be achieved.


title: L'apport de la theorie feministe dans deux romans d'Anne Hebert : Kamouraska et Le Premier Jardin

abstract: The question of subjectivity abounds when one reads the works of Anne Hebert. Through this study, we have attempted to undertake with the two female protagonists of the novels, Kamouraska and Le Premier Jardin their own search for subjectivity. In doing so, we have examined the diverse roles played by Elisabeth d'Aulnieres and Flora Fontanges respectively, as well as their interactions with secondary characters in the novel which exert an influence on this search for their own subjectivity. This led us to the opposition between nature and culture, which is a key element in the study of female subjectivity. Finally, we saw the process which led to Elisabeth becoming further victimized by her own society, while Flora is able to find a certain degree of liberation through her experiences as an actress.


title: Neuroprotective effects of cytokines in a pesticide model of Parkinson's disease

abstract:
Substantial evidence suggests an important role for environmental factors in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD). Specifically, numerous studies indicate that agricultural/industrial chemicals, particularly pesticides, can damage dopamine (DA) neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to DA deficits and motor impairment. Within the present thesis, we assessed the neurodegenerative and functional effects of the herbicide, paraquat, and determined if its effects would be augmented in the presence of another environmental toxin, namely the fungicide, maneb. To this end PQ + MB did additively provoke neurodegeneration of nigrostriatal DA neurons and motor disturbances, as indicated by reduced open field exploration. Interestingly, however, these behavioral and neurological consequences were observed in mice obtained from Charles River but not identical animals from Jackson laboratories.
Given the mounting data suggesting that neuroinflammatory factors mediate neuronal loss in PD, a second component of this study assessed the potential contribution of the cytokines, interleukin-10 (EL-10) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) to paraquat induced neurodegeneration. To this end, mice genetically deficient of IL-6 were greatly resistant to the neurotoxic effects of paraquat. However, central administration of either IL-6 or EL-10 also attenuated the neurodegenerative, as well as the neuroinflammatory (as indicated by diminished microglial density), consequences of both PQ + MB. Thus, EL-6 and IL-10 administration appears to have neuroprotective effects against pesticide toxins. Yet, the fact that inhibition of the cytokine from birth (at least in the case of EL-6) was also neuroprotective, raises the possibility that protective compensatory changes might occur in the absence of the cytokine at developmentally critical times. Taken together, these data further our understanding of how the complex interplay between environmental insult exposure, early life history (e.g. place of breeding) and presence of inflammatory factors (e.g. cytokines) might shape the evolution of PD.


title: Polysystemic chronic candidiasis and the challenge to the disease model : an exploratory investigation

abstract:
In recent years the medical profession has been obliged to look at, and to find ways to deal with, a variety of chronic illnesses. While there has been a call by some toward a more preventive and wholistic approach to both medicine and patients, it has still been difficult to deal with chronic illnesses which slowly creep on with a wide variety of symptoms until finally one day the patient can be diagnosed with a "disease" the medical profession can deal with.
This particular thesis was designed to gain initial insight into the experiences people have with Polysytemic Chronic Candidiasis (PCC). Issues of the coping strategies utilised by men and women who have been coping with PCC, the focus of their health locus of control and how lifestyle is related to this chronic dis-ease were addressed.
Fifty-nine women and 9 men completed a questionnaire designed to access responses to these issues. The findings suggest that this sample almost certainly has yeast-related health problems and, as a group score higher than normal for depressive symptomatology. Suggestions that the control of their health tends to be placed more away from Powerful Others than actually for Internal locus of control were made. Participants tended to choose more engagement-oriented coping strategies, but not consistently.
Relationships were found between impact, control, depression and perceived stress. Relationships were also discovered between health locus of control and engagement-disengagement coping strategies. Recommendations were made for further research to look at the processes and stages involved with PCC.


title: Illinx of postmodern thought

abstract:
The Modern condition is that of disconnect; of the individual and the material, the body and the mind. This disassociation can be seen with specific reference to the loss of the 'craftsman', and the loss of a phenomenological connection to material reality . Historically, water as a material is laden with spiritual connotations as a giver of life. Within modern society water has lost a connection to it's 'magical essence', it is but a fluid from a tap to a drain. Water exemplifies the disconnect between the post-modern body and mind.
This thesis proposes an Architectural Illinx which addresses this disassociation through the phenomenology of water. The Illinx, is defined by Callois is a form of play which temporarily disrupts perception and creates moments where the individual may question their mental pre-conditions and ostensibly their society. The Illinx is an instillation spanning five pedestrian blocks along Sparks street in Ottawa's downtown core. Moments are created and transformed through the propensity of water. Water as a material will transform itself from space to space until its final decent into the earth.
This thesis explores how architecture might create an emotional connection between the body and mind, through a phenomenological approach to materiality. This intimacy, which relies on the experience of the human body and mind as one, constitute a framework for an emotional experience of Architecture.


title: The Ground thermal regime with special reference to the occurrence of permafrost

abstract:
This thesis deals with the ground thermal regime and specific reference is made to the occurrence of Permafrost.
Consideration is given to the thermal characteristics of soils in that various methods for determining the specific heat and the thermal conductivity of soils are reviewed. The methods presented for determing these soil characteristics were chosen because they represent traditional, present, and future methods for determining the characteristics.
An examination is then made of various factors which affect the ground thermal regime in Permafrost regions. Consideration is given to such items as air temperature, topography, water, vegetation, and climate. Some papers are reviewed which discuss these factors and an attempt is made to present general relationships between these factors and the ground thermal regime in Permafrost regions.


title: Benthonic microfaunal associations from the liassic (lower jurassic) of Zambujal, West Central Portugal

abstract:
Thirty-one surface samples, collected from sediments belonging to the Pliensbachian and Toarcian stages (Lower Jurassic) exposed near Zambujal in west central Portugal, have been analysed for foraminifera and ostracods. A total of 112 species of foraminifera and 35 species of ostracods have been identified and systematically described.
The boundary between the Pliensbachian and Toarcian stages is marked by a mass extinction of species; only 8 species of foraminifera and 2 species of ostracods are common to both stages, these are:- Ammobaculites alaskensis Tappan, Trochammina sp. 1, Lenticulina gottingensis (Bornemann), Astacolus varians (Bornemann), Dentalina bartensteini Tappan, Dentalina sinemuriensis Terquem, Dentalina pseudocommunis Franke, Eoguttulina liassica (Strickland), Polycope sp. 1, and Cytheropteron sp.
Six microfaunal associations have been recognised based upon percentage abundances of species, taxa of restricted occurrence, and recurring combinations of species and morphological trends. Pliensbachian microfaunas define 3 associations as follows:
Association 1 - characterised by the restricted occurrence and recurring combinations of the following species, Ammobaculites alaskensis, Verneuilinoides mauritii, Ophthalmidium sp. 1, Berthelinella involuta, Nodosaria columnaris, Citharina eugenii, Citharina suturalis, Pseudonodosaria multicostata, Pseudonodosaria guinguecostata, Ogmoconcha spp., Bairdia sp. l, Bairdia sp. 2, and Ostracod sp. 6.
Association 2 - characterised by faunas dominated by either Marginulina prima or Lingulina tenera, together with abundant specimens of species of Polycope, and Cytheropteron sp.
Association 3 - characterised by faunas low in numbers of specimens, and showing little similarity to other Pliensbachian assemblages; Spirillina numismalis and Brizalina liasica are common only in this association.
Toarcian assemblages define three associations as follows:
Association 4 - characterised by faunas dominated by the genus Dentalina and Ostracod sp. 6.
Association 5 - characterised by faunas dominated by Ophthalmidium liasicum and Ostracod sp. 6.
Association 6 - characterised by the following combination of species: Ammobaculites fontinensis, Ammodiscus tenuissimus, Citharinella deslongchampsi, Lenticulina d'orbignyi, Kinkelinella sp. 1 and Cytherella toarcensis.
The distribution of these associations throughout the section is shown to be related to changes in palaeoenvironment.
The following criteria were used in the interpretation of environments:- a) comparison of the fossil microfaunas with known microfaunal distribution and ecology on the present day continental shelves; b) the distribution of microscopic remains of ammonites and belemnites in the Zambujal section; c) variations in sample lithology; d) comparison of the lithological changes seen in the Zambujal section with similar changes occurring at the same stratigraphic level throughout the Tagus Basin.
Microfaunal Associations 1 and 6 occurred in the shallow water, nearshore subtidal environments found in the Jamesoni, lbex and Spinatum Zones of the Pliensbachian, and the Levesquei Zone of the Upper Toarcian.
Associations 2, 3, 4 and 5 occurred in deeper water, nearshore shelf environments found in the Davoei and Margaritatus Zones of the Pliensbachian and in the Lower Toarcian.
The sediment types and microfaunas show a cyclic distribution which correlates well with the stratigraphical distribution of widespread sedimentary cycles known from other parts of Europe. An examination of literature concerning the Liassic sediments of the Tagus basin suggests that the two major sedimentary cycles of the Lias, corresponding to the Pliensbachian and Toarcian stages, are present in Portugal.
Microfaunas of comparable composition to those found at Zambujal are of widespread occurrence in the Lower Jurassic, and are known from Alaska, other parts of Europe, the Grand Banks of Newfoundland, and Sicily in the heart of the Tethyan faunal realm.


The reserve agricultural programme, 1880-1900 : the cultivation of cheap labour-power in the Canadian north-west


Recall organization in response to suggestions for selective and complete amnesia


Foraminifera and their relations to bottom sediments on the Scotian Shelf


title: Effects of heavy metals on iron and zinc chelation during hepatic heme biosynthesis

abstract:
This thesis reports the development of two new assay methods for Ferrochelatase. The first allows fluorimetric measurement of both Deuteroporphyrin (DP) and the Zinc chelate after stop-time assays. This method allows the simultaneous determination of DP remaining and the Zn-chelate formed, since it was found that the emission wavelengths of DP and ZnDP differ by 41 nm. When the excitation wavelengths chosen for each component are also separated by 41 nm, complete resolution is possible in a suitably diluted mixture.
The second method allows continuous spectroscopic measurement of ZnDP formation by using the extinction coefficient determined from visible absorption spectra.
A preliminary investigation into the applicability of Magnetic Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy revealed that this instrument may be used to quantify a mixture of ZnPP and Heme in a sample such as blood, with minimal handling procedures.
The activity of solubilized rat liver mitochondrial Iron-chelatase was determined using a variety of reducing agents. Also, the effect of the Cytochrome Oxidase inhibitors CO and CN on particulate Fe-chelatase with Fe3+ and Fe2+ as substrates, revealed several aspects of this activity's requirement for reducing conditions.
The non-enzymic chelation of Zinc with DP is qualitatively determined, and a hypothesis is presented to account for the observed results. The effects of the metal ions; Pb2+, Hg2+, Cd2+, Cu2+, As3+, and Zn2+ or Fe2+ on Iron-chelation and Zinc-chelation (respectively) are reported, as are the comparative effects of pCMB.
It is shown, for the first time, that Lead may directly enhance the Zinc-chelatase activity of mitochondrial membrane preparations, while at the same time inhibiting Iron chelation in vitro. This finding may explain the clinical observation of ZnPP accumulation during Lead poisoning without requiring lead to secondarily affect putative iron transport processes. The general initial velocity rate equation for bi-substrate reactions was used to analyze the control plots. It was found that the binding of one substrate does not affect the binding of the other (Kia=Ka), so that apparent Km values could be obtained directly from Eadie-Scatchard plots:
For Iron chelation; KFe - 16 ±11 uM, KDp = 17 ±11 uM.
For Zinc chelation; KZn = 11 ±2 uM, KDP = 4 ±1 uM.
This also demonstrates the kinetic mechanism is sequential.
The kinetic pattern of lead inhibition indicated lead competes with iron binding but does not affect DP binding. Both the Log plot for Fe-chelation inhibition by lead and the parabolic secondary plot for the kinetic analysis indicated that either there are at least two binding sites for lead, both of which are sufficient to exclude iron from binding, or Fe-chelation activity is due to two or more isozymes with differing Vm and Km values.
On the other hand lead activation of Zn-chelatase activity was non-competitive in both substrates, with a hyperbolic secondary plot. Three possible explanations are put forward . Lead binds to a site remote from both substrate binding sites so as to increase the productive breakdown of ternary complex. Secondly, Pb again does not affect substrate binding but interacts with two or more isomers with varying Vm and Km values. Thirdly, the activation may be a non-enzymic phenomenon.
The implications of the observed non-linear reciprocal plot over a wider substrate concentration range are discussed.


title: A preliminary study of the sounds produced by artiid moths

abstract:
Within Ontario, there are 60 described species of Arctiidae (Tiger Moths) of which 22 were captured and tested for sound production. Sound in the form of rapidly repeated, high frequency pulses generated by the buckling action of the tymbal organ of the moth's thorax was produced by 15 species under tactile stimulation. Stridulations could be further produced in seven of these 15 species by exposing them to bursts of ultrasonic sound resembling bat echolocatory/hunting cries.
The structure of the sound emitted by the moths can be related to the form of their tymbals. The sound produced by those tymbals typically possessing a row of ridges or "microtymbals" is in the form of pulse-trains whereas the non-striated tymbals of Callarctia spp. produce single pulses as the entire tymbal is collapsed and recovered. The measurements of a variety of acoustic parameters of the sounds are given, all of which exhibit a high degree of variability. There are no differences in the sounds emitted by male or female Cycnia tenera Hübner except in pulse repetition rates where males deliver a slightly higher number of pulses per second.
The reponse of C. tenera, which will produce sounds when exposed to artificial bat cries, is tested against stimuli of varying frequency and intensity. Cycnia tenera appears to exhibit an avoidance reaction to the sounds of conspecifics while in free flight.


title: Culture and regeneration of Fucus Vesiculosus L.

abstract:
Regeneration in Fucus vesiculosus L. has been studied using light microscopic, autoradiographic, and electron microscopic techniques.
Segments of vegetative tissue from mature Fucus plants were cultured in sea-water. Histological sections of this material were prepared at various intervals up to eight months of culture in order to follow the development of adventitious branches from the wound surfaces. In both cultured segments and whole, naturally wounded plants, existing filament and cortical cells in the midrib region of wound surfaces differentiate a new epidermis. Several loci on this new epidermis undergo increased rates of periclinal division to produce structures which are morphologically very similar to normal Fucus embryos and which ultimately acquire apical grooves and apical cells and become flattened in the manner of normal vegetative thallus branches.
Thin sections of regenerating tissue segments were prepared at intervals up to thirty days of culture and examined with the electron microscope. Soon after wounding, a new cell wall is formed within existing walls of filament cells located adjacent to wounded cells. Plastids and Golgi bodies appear to be involved in the production of some of the new wall material, and an effective barrier to damage is produced by cells which are exposed during wounding. One to two weeks after wounding, these cells expand near their outer end by a process in which the new cell wall protrudes through the old wall. The expansion and subsequent cellular divisions produce a layer of cells at the wound surface which differentiate into new epidermal and cortical cells similar to equivalent cells in unwounded plants.
A radioisotope of sulfur was used, by autoradiography, to determine changes in fucoidan production at the wound surface. Fucoidan is synthesized within 6 hours after wounding and concentrated near filament cross-walls which separate wounded and unwounded cells. Autoradiographic experiments utilizing radioactive thymidine failed to indicate the location or time at which cell divisions are Initiated during the formation of new epidermis.
An apparatus was designed which permitted the continuous culture of mature Fucus plants in an artificial inter tidal environment.


title: Politics and patronage : federal sponsorship of native arts development

abstract: The policies of the Federal government with regard to native arts development are considered with reference to economic exploitation of the commercial potential of arts and crafts as commodities. A model of the art market is outlined, which then provides the conceptual framework for subsequent discussion of Inuit and Indian arts programs. Effectiveness of development together with an in-depth policy analysis are undertaken in the final chapter.


title: Numerical simulation of a Bendix, Hyge actuator

abstract:
This thesis summarizes the work performed in providing the Defense and Civil Institute of Environmental Medicine with a means of predicting the response of their Impact Test Facility's Hyge Actuator. The means chosen to provide this capability was to develop a computer program capable of predicting the Actuator's response, in the form of graphs of acceleration, velocity and distance versus time. This is done by performing a Numerical Simulation of the system using initial conditions entered by the system operator.
The process of developing this program included:
1) A search of literature pertaining to similar simulations.
2) The study and analysis of the operation of the Hyge system and the development of an analytical model which accurately predicts the behaviour of the Hyge System.
3) The integration of this model into a computer program which can be used by system operators who might not be well versed in thermo-dynamics or numerical solution techniques.
4) The performance of a series of trial runs aimed at assessing the accuracy of this program.


title: The Queen of "Woman's Kingdom" : the journalism of Kathleen Blake Coleman ("Kit") 1889-1915

abstract: Kathleen Blake Coleman a.k.a Catherine Ferguson Willis (1856-1915) arrived in Canada a destitute Irish immigrant in 1884. To earn her living and support her two Canadian-born children, she juggled the androgynous and womanly aspects of her new identity to become "Kit", of the Toronto Daily Mail/Mail and Empire. "Kit", the pioneer woman journalist, was an adventurous traveller as well as a fashion expert, a war correspondent as well as a motherly advice-giver. She was also a mother-journalist trying to balance her domestic duties and her own literary ambition. Her experiences of life made her quick to sympathize with others, but her liberalism had its limits. She believed in the intellectual and economic equality of the sexes and helped other women succeed in journalism. But for professional and personal reasons, she remained aloof from the women's movement and did not advocate suffrage until it became a respectable cause.


The reactions of some S-methyl xanthates with trialkyl phosphites, and Dehydrogenation studies on two dicycloalken (a, c) benzenes


title: Multidimensional scaling of alphabetic confusion matrices for the right and left visual fields

abstract:
The present study attempted to determine possible differences in representations obtained from letter confusion matrices for the left and right visual fields.
Fifteen right handed male subjects (no familial sinistrality) were required to identify single letters from a previously learned subset of the English alphabet. The stimuli were presented briefly at 5 degrees from central fixation in the right and left visual fields to ensure transmission to the hemisphere contralateral to the side of presentation.
Data were cast in the form of 8 x 8 matrices. Luce's Index of confusability provided an interval scale representation of errors (Luce, 1959). The KYST algorithm was used to generate representations of the confusion matrices for the left visual field and right visual field data and determine goodness-of-fit of the representation.
Multidimensional scaling of error patterns and vocal reaction times indicated no difference between visual fields in representation though a right visual field advantage was found for accuracy.
The discussion considered the results in terms of the possible operation of a hierarchial decision process in letter recognition and examined inconsistencies in existing theories of hemispheric asymmetry.


title: Class configurations of the racial subordination of blacks in Nova Scotia

abstract: The issue of racial/ethnic subordination has usually been regarded as transitory, and therefore divorced from general theories of stratification. Popular explanations have usually deemed it the result of naked prejudice or defective characteristics of the groups concerned. The persistence of this line of cleavage under advanced capitalism, however, has seen an attempt by Marxists to incorporate it into a general class analysis. This thesis is an attempt to examine the experience of the Blacks in Nova Scotia from a class perspective. Using data gleaned mainly from library and archival research, it is argued that contrary to the popular explanations. Black subordination in Nova Scotia is related to the process which involved the development of capitalism in Nova Scotia.


title: The Comte connection : George Eliot, positivism and poetry

abstract: George Eliot's poetry has been ignored for practically a century. Critics have passed on adverse comments about her poems without bothering to investigate them. The fact is that George Eliot wrote poetry to explore and to propagate ideas derived from the philosophy of Auguste Comte. An understanding of the relationship between the poetry and Comtean Positivism is an essential preparation for adequate critical assessment. After a brief exploration of the critical disinheritance, the question of George Eliot's Positivism is examined. The biographical facts are re-assembled to demonstrate that from 1854 to the end of her life she studied Auguste Comte's Philosophie and Systems de Politique Positive continually, and in particular during the years in which she wrote poetry (1865-1874). The verse-drama. The Spanish Gypsy, is a Positivist allegory. Later poems deal with the concept of the Great Being of Humanity and subjective immortality. Silas Marner, Romola and Middlemarch are also discussed in the context of their Positivist ideas as they relate to the poems. Finally, an explanation is offered as to why George Eliot never publicly proclaimed herself a Positivist, and why, after 1874, she ceased to write Positivist poetry.


title: Pre/forming lesbianism : sexually explicit representation and the formation of communities

abstract:
This thesis explores sexually explicit representations of the 'lesbian' as a site where lesbian identities are contested and 'communities' are imagined into being. It examines these made-in-Canada representations in relationship to state discourses, feminist discourses, the academic dialogue of 'queer theory' and racist discourses and speaks to the following questions: what kinds of lesbian identities are being created in Canada? In what contexts? And to what end?
Representations produced in this country are found to challenge fixed notions of gender, sexuality and race; resist paternalistic state discourses and insist on the fluidity gender and sexuality. Strategic use is made of the sign 'lesbian', but a multiplicity of sexual discourses evoked and spoken to by these images and their creators resist foreclosure, suggesting a new 'style' of imagining community. Various discourses create the conditions for the appearance and erasure of lesbian sexual representations which, in their turn, effect new discourses on sexuality.


title: Quebec Inc.

abstract:
In the past several years, a new business elite dominated by francophones has emerged in Quebec, which for centuries has been dominated economically by anglophones. This thesis is an attempt to describe the economic changes in Quebec, particularly the major personalities in the province's business world, behind this phenomenon. The paper briefly covers the past few centuries of Quebec's history, focusing on the business milieu, but places greater emphasis on the past two decades.
This thesis is descriptive rather than analytical; it is an extended, book-length piece of journalism rather than an academic dissertation. Through the personalities of the men and women, in the past and present, who have acted as the main players in Quebec's economic elite, the paper aims to demonstrate how the nature of the province's business 'establishment' has profoundly changed in the past twenty years or so. In doing so, the aim of this thesis is to contribute to a greater understanding of current social, political, and economic trends in the province of Quebec.


title: Regulation of the adenosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate pool in escherichia Coli

abstract: Escherichia coli, adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) and cAMP receptor protein (CRP) are required for the synthesis of many inducible proteins including/β-galactosidase. Since the concentration of intracellular cAMP affects the synthesis of these proteins, it is important to understand how the cAMP pool in E. coli is regulated. The prerequisite for such studies is a determination of the rates of synthesis, degradation and excretion of cAMP. Previously, a method was not available for a determination of the rates of synthesis and degradation of cAMP in intact JE. coli during exponential growth. A method has been developed for estimating these rates in exponentially growing E. coli cells which depends on a determination of the cAMP pool size and the specific activities of both adenosine 5'-triphosphate and intracellular cAMP. The theory in the method should be applicable to an estimation of the rates of synthesis and degradation of any other cellular component of E. coli during exponential growth. Applying this method, it was found that the cAMP pool sizes in C coli grown on various carbon sources are in approximately direct proportion to the rates of cAMP synthesis and that the combined rates of removal (excretion plus degradation) of cAMP from its pool are directly proportional to the cAMP pool sizes. Using this method it was also shown that the abnormal accumulation of cAMP in an E.. coli CRP- strain (deficient for cAMP receptor protein) is due to the enhanced synthesis rather than decreased degradation of cAMP. A strain was constructed which combined the CRP- character with a deficiency of cAMP phosphodiesterase activity (CPD-). This CRP-CPD- strain accumulated even greater amounts of cAMP than the CRP- strain.


title: Aboriginal rights in international law and politics : the case of Canada's indigenous peoples

abstract:
Through a formal resolution passed at the World Council of Indigenous Peoples' Conference by representatives from a majority of the countries where indigenous peoples live, the wish was expressed that aboriginal rights should be recognized as a principle of international law. Our goal, in this thesis, is to examine the implications of this demand with specific reference to Canada. In the absence of extensive scholarly analyses on the subject, and indeed, on account of the general misunderstanding of the concept of aboriginal rights, this thesis provides an analysis which has never been attempted before, and indeed, a new perspective to international human rights. In pursuing this objective, our research method consists of an analysis of existing data on the subject from a variety of sources including published research, historical studies and even primary archival material as well as the results of research surveys of our own. With this method, we focus on the social, economic, cultural, political and legal components of aboriginal rights, which help to identify a model of dualism and conflict in Canada. At the same time, these variables define a Canadian Indigenous Community as a distinct national minority, thus permitting us to relate established concepts of human and minority rights to aboriginal rights as well.
By its very meaning, the term aboriginal rights divides Canadians between descendants of the first inhabitants of the country and others. This initial division establishes cause for other distinguishing characteristics which tend towards further polarization of the groups on account of different cultural perceptions, unequal standards of living, and a different world view. When a separate Indigenous Community has been identified, we examine it further in order to find out the cohesiveness of the group, since particular degrees of cohesion would determine the international rights for which the group would qualify.
A closely knit group may, in fact, possess attributes of nationalism which can be of particular interest to the international community. The existence of power relationships of colonial dominance would also evoke a particular international response. Since the group is identified as a national minority, we are able to examine the problem from the perspective of the rights of national minorities which, already, are well established by international custom. This allows a review of the interests of the United Nations and its organs in that subject, as well as the issue of the rights of indigenous minorities. It permits as well, a close scrutiny of Canada's response to international enquiry about its indigenous minorities.
Our analysis therefore allows some comparisons with conditions of indigenous deprivation in other countries, which resulted in a series of recommendations based upon international experience in these matters, including the issue of decolonization. Conclusions of dualism involving the Indigenous Community of Canada, explain, in the end, various aspects of aboriginal rights, a concept which lies at the roots of the conflict, like a pervading ideology. The term refers to a special relationship with the land as Provider and Creator. It is a reassertion of the right to traditional livelihood patterns, to the cultural integrity, and even the residual sovereignty of Indigenous Canadians. With these assertions, the leaders of this group come into conflict with the social status quo, the imperatives of industrial and economic development, and even the political stability of the Canadian Confederation.


title: Relationship between physical exercise, attention load and mental task performance

abstract:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between physical exercise and performance on a mental task, and to offer a possible explanation for this relationship.
Two experiments were conducted which examined the effects, in aerobically fit subjects of physical exercise on a mental task. Five male volunteer subjects between 23 and 30 years of age were used; two in Experiment 1 and three in Experiment 2. Prior to the experiments, all subjects were individually evaluated on a submaximal bicycle ergometer test conducted by Carleton Physical Recreation Centre. The subjects used in this study obtained maximum oxygen uptake scores equal to or above 48 ml/kgm/min, indicating well above average fitness levels.
Five intensities or stages of exercise were used (i.e.. Rest; 50% of maximum workload; 75% of maximum workload; Post 50% of maximum workload; Post 75% of maximum workload). This allowed for examination of the effects of both prior and concomitant exercise. At stages of concomitant exercise subjects pedalled a bicycle ergometer at a rate of 50 rpm at individually set resistance levels. The resistance settings were based on fitness test scores for each individual.
Subjects performed a mental task at each of the five stages of exercise. The task consisted of either a delayed comparison judgement about two line lengths, a digit pair comparison, or both of these task components combined. Thus attentional load and physical workload were manipulated in these experiments.
Speed and accuracy of performance on the mental task were measured. As well, a speed to accuracy ratio was computed as a measure of overall efficiency of task performance.
Results generally indicated the presence of a speed accuracy tradeoff at concomitant exercise, a slight improvement in performance following light exercise and a decrease in performance (particularly speed of performance) following a moderate level of exercise. Light exercise (both prior and concomitant) seemed to have a facilitating effect on overall efficiency of performance, whereas a moderate intensity of exercise caused a deterioration in efficiency. The effects of attentional load produced some unexpected results, as well as a neat replication of some previous studies in the perceptual area.
A tentative explanation, based on an Adaptation to Overall load model (Vickers, 1979), was proposed to account for these results. An ISI effect, present at a particular attention load level and stage of exercise, was explained in terms of time order error effects established in some previous studies (e.g., Jamieson and Petrusic, 1975a, b).


title: Political and economic determinants of Romanian foreign policy in the Middle East

abstract:
Bucharest's mideast policy has been affected by the changing conditions in Romania's domestic and external environment and has been governed by the Romanian Communist Party's perceptions of the country's political and economic requirements during the three distinct stages of Romanian foreign policy: 1) the period 1945-67, when Romania was a loyal member of the socialist camp, 2) 1967-71, when Romania dramatically asserted its independence and 3) 1971-79, when Romania has restrained its defiant attitude toward the Soviet bloc.
Since the 1960's, Romania has ceased to emulate Soviet foreign policy. Instead, it has developed an independent position within the bloc. In the Middle East, this policy has taken the form of a basic neutrality toward both sides in the Arab-Israeli conflict. The pursuit of this neutrality has been necessitated by the need to ensure Romania's national economic and political interests. Maintaining good relations with Israel, while the other bloc countries severed ties with the Jewish State, Bucharest has enhanced its image at home and abroad acquired sophisticated technology and equipment as well as other forms of economic support, and increased its export markets. At the same time, in developing its relations with the Arab world, Bucharest has been able to expand its export markets for Romanian manufactured goods and to procure needed supplies of oil and other raw materials as well as to obtain a place in the nonaligned movement. In other words, Romania's neutral posture 1) has enabled it to enhance its international image (the by-product of which was the success of Ceausescu's "good offices" in the establishment of the Egyptian-Israeli rapproachement), 2) has helped to consolidate domestic political support and 3) has facilitated the Romanian leadership's efforts to meet the needs of the country's economic development.
Although Romania has started leaning toward the Arab position, since the world energy crisis in 1973-74, it has, nevertheless, been able to successfully preserve its fundamental neutrality in the Arab-Israeli conflict through skillful diplomacy.


title: Dynamic simulation of an air cooled lithium bromide-water absorption cooling system operating with solar energy

abstract:
The dynamic performance of a solar absorption refrigeration system using the water-lithium bromide combination is investigated. The study is oriented towards developing a system which would be able to operate at a relatively low evaporator temperature so that it can be used for air conditioning and refrigeration as well. In addition, an attempt is made to meet the heat transfer requirements of the condenser and absorber by air cooling, thus avoiding the use of a cooling tower.
Under these considerations, it is shown that the conventional cycle is not likely to operate satisfactorily due to temperature limitations and therefore the cycle is modified appropriately. Initially, a typical steady-state operation is assumed and the system is analyzed in detail both in terms of thermodynamics and heat transfer.
For the purpose of dynamic simulation, a computer program is written, in which the results of the heat transfer analysis are introduced as design parameters. Ambient air temperature and solar radiation are the required inputs of the program. System temperatures, concentrations, and energy flows can then be predicted. Typical performance results are discussed and the system is shown to operate satisfactorily at the designed capacity over a significant part of the day.


title: Investigation of the effect of ionizing radiation on integrated injection logic developed at Carleton University

abstract:
There is a growing interest in Integrated Injection Logic as a Large Scale Integration technology that may prove suitable for space environment applications. To investigate this possibility, a process was developed for the fabrication of minimum geometry Integrated Injection Logic at Carleton University.
This thesis presents an analytical approach to the design and performance characterization of the I2L devices. It outlines the development of a process for the fabrication of I2L devices and presents device characteristics, obtained from test circuits, that indicate both good performance and excellent agreement with the predictions of theory. Lastly, the radiation tests performed on the devices and their results are described. The tests indicate that in the present devices permanent damage effects are significant with total ionizing exposure dose on the order of 1 Mrad(Si) under normal operating conditions.


title: Women's political action : an integration of three perspectives

abstract: In the present study, an examination of definitions of feminist consciousness led to the suggestion that double deprivation would be strongly related to political action. In addition, it was hypothesized that perceptions of the availability of resources and double deprivation would co-occur. Finally, it was suggested that past social psychological measures of feminist consciousness (Gurin & Townsend, 1986) do not adequately represent the qualitative experience of a feminist consciousness. Regression analyses showed that double deprivation was associated with political action. Furthermore, both the perceptions of resources and double deprivation were uniguely related to action. Finally, one dimension of feminist consciousness, namely, legitimacy, as well as perceptions of common fate were associated with both double deprivation and political action. Implications for these theories were discussed.


title: On-line Utopia or Emperor's new clothes? The virtualization of community through computer-mediated communication

abstract: The Internet and computer mediated communication offer new opportunities for communication studies. On-line individuals are encountering dramatic new possibilities for personal growth. This thesis critically interrogates these possibilities with its social psychological perspective. Through theory that owes much of its heritage to symbolic interaction, it asks questions about the virtualization of community and new manifestations of the digital self. Too often, commentators feel that community on-line is afforded simply by the connections that the Internet offers. Community, however, is most fully-developed when individuals recognize 'the other' such that they can most fully know themselves. A n empirical study of community networking is undertaken to support this concept and show that virtual community need not be an empty term. This study demonstrates that the way that people value information is more important than an information provider that is a good value.


title: La vision du narrateur dans deux romans de Roch Carrier : La guerre, yes sir! et Il n'y a pas de pays sans grand-pere. Contribution a une analyse du discours indirect libre a une analyse pyschologique des personnages

abstract:
This study is an attempt to examine the vision of the narrator in two of Roch Carrier's novels: La guerre, yes sir! and II n'y a pas de pays sans grand-pere. It takes as its inspiration the linguistic theories of Jacques Dubois and the psychological ones of Jean Pouillon.
It aims at a linguistic analysis of narrated monologue (style indirect libre), as well as at a psychological analysis of the vision "avec" which particularly manifests itself in narrated monologue.
By identifying the various elements of style, the reader discovers how the author controls what is written, and that the use of narrated monologue reveals the narrator's view, the position of the author vis-a-vis his characters. Thus, the reader discovers that the narrator, although he seems to share the vision of his characters, often stands back to mock them in an ironic fashion.
Cette etude est un essai qui a pour fin d'examiner la vision du narrateur dans deux romans de Roch Carrier: La guerre, yes sir! et II n'y a pas de pays sans grand-pere. C'est une etude qui s'inspire des theories de Jacques Dubois pour la partie linguistique et des theories de Jean Pouillon pour la partie psychologique.
Elle vise a une analyse linguistique du style indirect libre et a une analyse psychologique de la vision "avec" qui se manifeste particulierement dans le style indirect libre.
En degageant les divers elements de style, le lecteur decouvre comment l'auteur mene le jeu et que le style indirect libre revele la vision du narrateur, la position de l'auteur vis-a-vis de ses personnages. Ainsi, degage-t-on en particulier le fait que le narrateur, bien qu'il semble partager la vision de ses personnages, se distancie souvent d'eux d'une maniere ironique.


title: Lateralized interference effects in stuttering

abstract: The research was designed to test a hypothesis that relates stuttering to an anomaly in the functioning of the corpus callosum. The approach involved an analysis of concurrent hand and foot motor performance. Stutterers and non-stutterers showed more interference with ipsilateral than contralateral limb pairs, a finding contrary to the hypothesis. This finding is, however, consistent with the "Functional Cerebral Space" model of neural organization. Of special significance was evidence of group differences in the effect of left versus right foot tapping on hand performance. Non-stutterers showed more interference when tapping with the left foot, while stutterers showed the reverse pattern. It was argued that this reflects a dissociation between structural and attentional asymmetries in the brain of stutterers.


title: Coballoy : a new permanent-magnet alloy

abstract:
Northern Electric Co. Ltd. Research and Development Laboratories is currently developing the SP-1 Electronic Switching System. This switching system is under the control of a program stored in a semi-permanent memory which uses as its bit element the Piggyback Twistor.
Successful performance of the semi-permanent memory, and hence the swîtching system, is dependent upon successful performance of the Piggyback Twistor. Achievement of this is heavily dependent upon obtaining the correct magnetic characteristics in two tapes of dissimilar magnetic materials, one of high coercive force and the other of low coercive force, used in the construction of the Piggyback Twistor.
A new alloy of cobalt, iron, and goid, called Coballoy, has recently been disclosed by the Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc. and proposed for the high coercive force magnetic material in the Piggyback Twistor.
It is with the metallurgy of this alloy and with the development of a metallurgical process which brings out the desired magnetic characteristics in this alloy for its use in the Piggyback Twistor that this thesis is primarily concerned. Magnetic, crystallographic, and metallographic data on the alloy are presented. The relationship between coercive force and metallurgical processing is discussed. Finally, hysteresis loop squareness is related to the development of a preferred orientation in the tape through crystalline, anisotropy energy.


title: Fabrication and mechanical testing of thin CYTOP membranes

abstract: The fabrication and mechanical testing of thin CYTOP membranes is explored for implementation with surface plasmon waveguides. A membrane supported gold strip allows for the propagation of Long-Range Surface Plasmon Polaritons (LRSPPs) and functionality as a biochemical sensor. The fabrication of 25nm thick gold waveguides on thin (400nm) CYTOP membranes is described. Critical process steps include the CYTOP spin and curing procedure, metal lithography for forming the waveguides and wafer passivation during membrane release. Mechanical properties of the CYTOP membranes were experimentally determined through application of the bulge test. The extracted value for Young's Modulus was 1.4±0.2 GPa and residual film stress was 30.8±1.8 MPa. Narrow (200μm) membranes were observed to be able to withstand over 30kPa of differential pressure without failure.


title: Intergovernmental conflict involving the regulatory process : the evolution of pay television

abstract:
The objective of this thesis is to test the validity of the argument that the mandate and activities of the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) have created tension in federal-provincial relations, and have contributed, in large measure, to federal-provincial conflict over the issue of pay television.
Following a detailed description of the evolution of pay television in the period of 1972 to 1983, the thesis will conclude that federal-provincial conflict over pay television is simply another variant of federal-provincial discord in the policy area of communications. The thesis will also conclude that the mandate and activities of the CRTC have not contributed, in large measure, to federal-provincial conflict over pay television.
As a first step in dealing with the problem of federal-provincial conflict over pay television, it is recommended that the federal and the provincial governments address the anachronistic division of powers with respect to communications issues like pay television. It is clear that both the federal and the provincial governments have a vested interest in the development of new programming and non-programming services which will be made available to Canadians in the future. It is imperative that both levels of government acknowledge and respect each others interests in these services. If they do not, the prospect of indefinite conflict will be enhanced.


title: Growth responses of bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss) and orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) to intensities of defoliation

abstract:
Bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) and orchard-grass (Dactylis glomerata L.), grown under greenhouse and growth room conditions, were subjected to various degrees of clipping. Established greenhouse-grown seedlings, planted three per crock, were clipped at different plant heights and to different stubble heights. In subsequent experiments on single plants reared in the growth room from cuttings, certain of the treatments were reversed mid-way through the experimental period.
Plant and stubble height at harvesting both affected yield of dry matter but the latter had the greater effect. The combination of close and frequent clipping depressed yields considerably. The beneficial effect of an increase in plant height diminished as stubble height increased and vice versa. When treatments were reversed during the experimental period, yields of orchardgrass generally were higher in the second period from plants that had been subjected to the more lenient treatments in the first period. Yields of bromegrass tended to follow the same pattern as orchardgrass but did not respond as much to the previous cutting treatment.
Root and crown weights were highly correlated with each other and with top growth weights. The number of stems increased with increasing stubble height but was little affected by plant height. When different clipping treatments were applied in each of two periods, root and crown weights and stem numbers were affected chiefly by the second-period treatments.
The growth rate of plants cut to a 2-cm stubble height reached a maximum early in the experimental period and had begun to decline while the rate from the 6- and 10-cm stubble heights still was increasing. The growth rate was lower at the conclusion of the experiments than at the beginning when the plants were cut to the 2-cm stubble height, but remained above the initial rate when cut to the higher stubble heights.
The distribution of yield was similar within a stubble height, especially when cut to 6 and 10 cm. Plant height did not alter the yield curve even though it affected total yield. There were differences in distribution between stubble heights. More uniform distribution of yield throughout the period was obtained by cutting to the higher stubble. The results indicate that bromegrass and orchardgrass should be clipped to a stubble height not less than 6 em at relatively infrequent intervals to obtain maximum yields distributed evenly throughout the growth period.


title: A multinuclear NMR study of the binding of cis-[Pt(NH[subscript 3]) [subscript 2]Cl[subscript 2]] and trans-[Pt(NH[subscript 3]) [subscript 2]Cl[subscript 2]] with methylated nucleosides : synthesis and stereochemistry

abstract:
A multinuclear NMR approach has been taken to study the metal ion binding sites of cis-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2] and trans-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2], to several methylated nucleosides. 1H and 13C NMR provide an indirect method of monitoring the platination site, whereas 15N NMR provides a more direct probe. Mass spectroscopy (FAB) was employed to deterrnine if the metal ion-complex was a mono or bis methyl nucleoside adduct. All of the purine and pyrimidine bases formed bis adducts with the exception of the reaction between cis-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2] and 1-methyladenosine, which formed a mono adduct.
The cis-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2] and the trans-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2] complexes were found to bind the N-7 position of 1-methylguanosine. The 7N-methylguanosine did not react with either the cis- or trans-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2]. Cis-[Pt(NH3)2(NO3)2] and trans-[Pt(NH3)2(NO3)2] were found to bind the N-1 position of 3-methyluracil and 3-methylcytosine.


title: Home, sweet hope : the global shelter crisis

abstract: Today there are 1-billion homeless people, mostly in the Third World. This is expected to rise to 2-billion by the year 2000. An urban revolution is underway with people migrating to the already overcrowded cities. Governments do not have the resources to solve the problem. United Nations conferences in Stockholm and Vancouver led to the formation of the United Nations Centre for Human Settlements. The Centre has proposed that human settlements become the framework for development management. It has also proposed a new shelter coalition between governments, the private sector, and community based-organizations. The key is to enable communities to build shelter for themselves. Non-governmental organizations become mediators in this process. The homeless are now seen as a most important resource in tackling homelessness and unemployment in the Third World.


title: The geology of the Decker Creek molybdenite deposit, British Columbia

abstract:
Decker Creek molybdenite deposit is located in northwestern British Columbia, at latitude 57° 25' north and longitude 131° 59' west.
The deposit is situated within the eastern part of the northern Coast Range Plutonic complex, adjacent to the southwest margin of the Chutine batholith. The batholith within the study area is divisible into three quartz monzonite units: - medium-grained mafic quartz monzonite, medium-grained leucocratic quartz monzonite, and fine-grained leucocratic quartz monzonite. These units form relatively homogeneous bodies with abrupt mutual contacts. Quartz monzonite everywhere contains pods, lenses and dykes of pegmatite, and is cut by fine-grained leucocratic quartz monzonite dykes.
A lenticular border zone of quartz monzonite, up to 700 metres across, has been deformed by close-spaced fracturing, and is cut by numerous quartz feldspar porphyry dykes. A major proportion of quartz monzonite within the southwestern two thirds of this zone has been significantly affected by hydrothermal alteration. Silicified, albitised and sericitised quartz monzonite are the principal alteration rock types. Quartz monzonite within the zone of significant alteration is cut by a sheeting of quartz veins, veinlets and stringers. The common northnorthwest strike of quartz feldspar porphyry dykes, fracture planes and quartz veinlets is an important feature of the deposit. Hydrothermal alteration, fracturing and veining were followed by emplacement of 'late' granodiorite porphyry dykes and formation of north trending faults and shear zones. Pyrite and molybdenite are the only significant sulphide minerals which occur within the deposit. Molybdenite is almost entirely confined to the zone of significant hydrothermal alteration, where it occurs largely in quartz veinlets and stringers, and as fracture plane coatings.
The results of a rubidium-strontium isochron study of the Chutine quartz monzonite indicate an age of emplacement of 41 m.y. and a Sr87/Sr86 initial ratio of 0.7044. The low Sr87/Sr86 initial ratio suggests that the quartz monzonite magma was generated from parent material with a similarly low Sr87/Sr86 ratio, quite likely basic material within the lower crust or upper mantle. The magma was probably generated under conditions of crystal-liquid equilibrium, and did not undergo significant differentiation prior to emplacement.
The Decker Creek deposit shows a sufficient degree of similarity to the 'typical1' porphyry molybdenum deposit to merit inclusion in this deposit class. It does, however, differ from the majority of porphyry molybdenum deposits in being associated with a quartz monzonite batholith, and in containing a sheeting, rather than a stockwork, of molybdenite-bearing veinlets.


title: Computer-assisted discrimination learning in retardates as a function of presentation of verbal feedback combinations

abstract: The present study investigated the effects of verbal feedback combinations on the performance of retarded adolescents on a computer-administered discrimination task. Theoretical explications of such effects on learning originated from studies using nonretarded subjects. Theories of feedback and reinforcement effects with normal children are reviewed, together with empirical reports relevant to such theories. The two basic orientations in this area, reinforcement and information, are considered, with the latter approach being adopted in the present study. Theories of performance differences between normals and retardates are considered. How outcome combinations affect retardate discrimination learning is reviewed and compared to similar data from normal subjects. Since a computer terminal was employed in the present study, data concerning feedback effects in computer-assisted instruction is reviewed. Finally, the variable of mode of presentation of feedback is discussed. The results tended to support the information model presented by Spence (1966), in that neither feedback combination nor mode of feedback presentation produced differences in acquisition of learning. The Rb combination produced poorer extinction performance than did the RW and Wb combinations. Girls overall outperformed boys. These results support the contention that the issue of instruction is critical in demonstrating differences in feedback combination effectiveness, and that mild words of praise or reproof function more on an informational than on a reinforcement level.


title: Towards a national film industry : a view of the Canadian Film Development Corporation

abstract:
Very few of the major activities in Canadian life escape the influences of our southern neighbour and the making of Canadian feature films is no exception. Because of the proximity of the United States and its economic and social influences on Canada, the Canadian cinema very quickly fell victim to the monopolistic outreach of the vertically integrated American film system and was effectively consigned to the fringes of its own market. The consequences of this takeover were both economic and cultural: economic in that Canadian films are national commodities which can be manufactured and sold for a profit; and cultural in that our films can be vehicles for creative expression, disseminators of information and the mirrors of our national values and imagination. With the establishment of the Canadian Film Development Corporation in 1967, a Crown funding agency, the government intended to gain back for Canadians the film industry which had been in the past sorely neglected and carelessly traded away.
Despite fifteen years of activity by the CFDC, however, the Canadian feature film industry continues to suffer hardship. The aim of this thesis is thus to trace, analyse and evaluate the efforts of the CFDC in the corporation's approach to the development of the Canadian industry. This study concludes that many of the problems of the Canadian industry and the failures of the CFDC are bound up within the historical and structural realities of the Canadian film marketplace. It also suggests that the implications of those realities have been exacerbated by internal tensions among Canadians, opposing views of nationalism, and by the confused public objectives of successive Canadian governments.


title: Footings on sloped fills : influence of a soil reinforcement layer

abstract:
This research focusses on an illustrative example of the performance of a model footing which is located on a sloped fill, in particular, the sloped fill containing a geogrid type reinforcing layer. A series of experimental investigations are conducted to determine the effectiveness of the geogrid in improving the performance of the sloped fill.
The results of the model studies show that the load carrying capacity of a sloped fill structure can be increased by over 5 0 % , by incorporating a Tensar SS2 Geogrid reinforcement at a depth of between 0.5 and 0.9 times the width of foundation. Certain preliminary finite element studies are also conducted using a scheme which accomodates the nonlinear response of the soil. The results of these numerical studies also show similar trends. Experimental results indicate that the use of geogrid reinforcement at the above depth can also increase the initial stiffness of the sloped fill by over 30 % . Five different types of geogrids were used in the experimental studies. The experimental studies further suggest that the strain gauge instrumentation is well suited for laboratory investigations.


An epistemology of gender


The inception of the home economics movement in English Canada, 1890-1910 : in defence of the cultural importance of the home


title: Troubled waters : the role of the New England fishing interests in Canadian-American fishing treaties 1888/1981

abstract: The failure of diplomatic efforts to resolve fishery disputes between Canada and the United States in the North Atlantic is examined from a regional point of view. Two treaties - the Bayard-Chamberlain Treaty of 1888 and the East Coast Boundary and Management Treaties of 1981 - are the focus of the study. Although the two treaties occur almost one hundred years apart, the conditions and underlying causes resulting in their defeats are strikingly similar. In both cases, treaty defeats are attributed to the opposition of the New England fishing interests who believed the treaties detrimental to their industry. Because of the ratification process in the United States,the political pressure brought to bear on the Senate by the fishermen's lobbies resulted in regional prevailing over national concerns. When this happened, relations between Canada and the United States suffered.


title: A study of the impact of therapist characteristics on outcome in marital and family therapy

abstract: Therapist characteristics have long been hypothesized to impact directly on treatment outcome. However, the empirical evidence relative to this hypothesis is contradictory and inconclusive. Using a new model of the therapeutic process in which four main sources of variance are identified, this present study investigated the impact of therapist characteristics on client outcome in a clinical setting. Client and therapist characteristics, programme and intermediate outcome measures were assessed using scales derived from the Family Service Assessment Project. The therapist measures included demographic, training and experience variables as well as preferred styles of interpersonal interaction and model of therapy. The sample for the study was comprised of thirty-four therapists treating 394 clients associated with seven Canadian Family Service Agencies, Pre and post assessments of clients were made by the therapist, and after termination, client feedback questionnaires were completed. This feedback included self-reported assessments of satisfaction with the treatment and with the therapist. At closure, reasons for termination were also recorded by the therapist. Analysis of variance was employed to determine if there were differential effects in treatment outcome due to therapist characteristics, and to explore the possibility of there being interactions amongst worker characteristics and between worker and client characteristics. It was found that there were differential effects in outcome of therapy as a function of therapists' interpersonal style and client factors. Other types of demographic and training measures contributed minimal variance to the clients' progress in therapy. Stepwise heirarchical regression was employed to determine to what extent therapist variables were predictive of outcome. It was found that the interpersonal style of the therapist was a significant predictor of outcome accounting for the largest share of variance.