title: The effect of sociodemographic and health system factors on the association between multimorbidity and colorectal cancer survival

contributor:
Kone Pefoyo, Anna
Galway, Lindsay
Scharf, Deborah
Vafaei, Afshin

subject:
Colorectal cancer
Multimorbidity and cancer
Patient-centered care

abstract:
This thesis aimed to assess the effect of multimorbidity (MMB) on colorectal cancer
(CRC) patients’ survival and explored whether sociodemographic and health system factors
affected this relationship or not. This thesis also describes the complexity of CRC patients
through the description of condition combinations and related health services use.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using administrative data from the
Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES). The population was adult Ontario residents
who were diagnosed with CRC between 2003 and 2013 and were followed until March 31, 2018.
The exposure of interest, MMB, was defined as having one or more of 17 common conditions in
addition to CRC and categorized (1, 2, 3, 4 or more). Conditions diagnosed prior to or within 30
days of CRC diagnosis were included. Survival analyses were performed using Cox proportional
hazards regression to assess the association between MMB and CRC patients’ survival. To
investigate additional factors associated with CRC patients’ survival, Cox models were adjusted
for sociodemographic (age, sex, income, ethnicity, and rurality) and health system factors
(primary care models (PCMs), continuity of care (COC), and primary care (PC) visits) as well as
cancer stage.


title: Integrated mechanisms for QoS and restoration in mesh transport networks

contributor:
Naser, Hassan
Tayebi, Abdelhamid

subject: Computer networks (Design Quality control)

subject: Telecommunication Traffic

subject: Computer systems (Design Quality control)

abstract: Survivable networks have the capability to survive from the events of network components failures. The resilience mechanisms in these networks protect and restore the impaired communication paths by using spare capacity. On the other hand, Quality of Service (QoS) mechanisms focus on network capabilities that provide the facilities to differentiate network traffic and offer different levels of service to each class of traffic. Traditionally the survivability algorithms were applied at the physical (optical) layer, whereas the QoS mechanisms mainly applied at packet-forwarding level. Recent technological breakthroughs can now facilitate novel forwarding techniques for optical data bursts that make it possible to capture packets at the optical layer. A major challenge in the transfer of these ultrahigh-speed data bursts is to allocate resources according to QoS specifications and to provide spare capacity required to address link failures.


title: Comparability of the WAIS-R and WISC-III with 16 year old normals

subject: Intelligence tests

subject: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale

abstract:
The comparability, equivalence, and parallelism of the
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Revised (WAIS-R) and the
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Third Edition (WISCIII)
was compared using 16 year old youth. A total of 46
subjects, including 16 males and 30 females, were administered
the WAIS-R and the WISC-III in a counterbalanced order. The
WAIS-R was administered first to 23 subjects, while 23 subjects
were administered the WISC-III first, with an average retest
interval of 40 days. Repeated measures multivariate analysis of
variance (MANOVA) and univariate repeated measures analyses
(ANOVA) were used to examine significant test, administration
order, and practice effects. The means of the corresponding
summary IQs were significantly higher for the WAIS-R than the
WISC-III. A clear pattern of practice effects was displayed when
the WAIS-R followed the WISC-III. With the exception of two
subtests, the means on the WISC-III were significantly higher
than the corresponding means on the WAIS-R. The pattern of
practice effects for the subtests was ambiguous. Finally, ttests
examined the differences in correlated variance, and
Votaw's (1948) test of compound symmetry was employed to compare
covariances. The results of these tests showed minor
differences. Clinical and theoretical implications of these
results are discussed.


title: Medical applications of fluorine-19 and hyperpolarized xenon129 magnetic resonance imaging

contributor:
Albert, Mitchell
Reznik, Alla
Kinrade, Stephen

subject:
Diagnostic imaging
Magnetic resonance imaging

abstract:
Multinuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is currently under extensive
development. Although conventional proton MRI is mostly known as an anatomical medical
imaging modality with an excellent soft tissue contrast, multinuclear MRI proves that MRI
can provide researchers and clinicians with information about the internal organs function.
This class of MRI techniques relies on imaging different nuclei than protons. A large part of
multinuclear MRI includes fluorine-19 (19F) and hyperpolarized (HP) xenon-129 (129Xe)
MRI. 19F MRI is used for functional imaging of the lungs, molecular imaging of fluorinated
biosensors, cell labeling, and drug metabolism investigation. On the other hand, HP 129Xe can
be used for functional brain imaging along with perfusion imaging of the brain and kidneys.
This thesis is focused on the development of HP 129Xe Time-of-Flight (TOF)
perfusion imaging technique, functional lung imaging using octafluorocyclobutane (OFCB),
and colorectal adenocarcinoma resistivity detection to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) using 19F MRI.
HP 129Xe TOF pulse sequence is capable to map and measure perfusion quantitively was
developed and evaluated in phantoms and healthy volunteers. As a representative application,
HP 129Xe TOF perfusion imaging was used to detect hemodynamic response to motor and
visual stimuli in healthy brains. The performance of OFCB as a contrast agent has been
evaluated in vitro and in vivo and compared to perfluoropropane, which is the most
commonly used inhalation agent for 19F lung MRI. Theoretical comparison between both
gases was conducted as well. Finally, resistivity detection of human colorectal adenocarcinoma to 5-FU was performed using 19F chemical shift imaging to access
chemotherapy retention in the colorectal cancer.
This work expands the arsenal of multinuclear MRI techniques with completely new
approaches that can be readily applied for the current needs of neurology, pulmonology, and
oncology.


title: The impact of invasive thistle species on dynamics of Cercopidae in the Stikine-Skeena region of northern British Columbia

subject:
Invasive thistle
Stikine-Skeena
Meadow spittlebug
Invasive plants
Xylem-siphoning

abstract: During the Summer of 2019 I worked on suppressing invasive species spread in the Stikine-Skeena region of Northern British Columbia. I frequently observed invasive thistle species of the genus Cirsium hosting abundant individuals of the introduced meadow spittlebug, Philaneus spumarius, more so than other surrounding native flora. My own observations, as well as the scientific literature, point to the meadow spittlebug potentially preferring invasive thistle species due to reasons such as nymph development synchronization. Interpreting information provided by a number of sources, it is shown that invasive thistle species will continue to spread throughout the Stikine-Skeena from factors such as climate change, increased human development in the north, and the general invasive nature of thistle species. This paper suggests that this invasive thistle spread could benefit the population and ranges of P. spumarius as well. Assessing the destructive impacts of meadow spittlebugs on a vast number of crop species and native flora points to their additive spread only amplifying the severity of damage that comes with the spread of invasive thistle species like Cirsium arvense. This potential synergistic relationship may hold significant impacts on the economy and environment of the Stikine-Skeena region as climate change and human expansion continue to unfold.


title: Glyphosate herbicide for the control of aspen in a white spruce plantation in Manitoba

title: Populus tremuloides

subject:
Glyphosate
White spruce Manitoba
Picea glauca
Trembling aspen
Silvicultural efficacy
Aerial spray
Ground spray

abstract:
Three experimental herbicide trials were established within a
white spruce plantation located in the Porcupine Provincial Forest of
the Mixedwood Section (B.18a) (Rowe 1972) of western Manitoba. The
trials were as follows: 1) the aerial application of glyphosate at
three rates, 2) the ground application of glyphosate at three rates at
three periods of time during the growing season, and 3) the evaluation
of the resuckering potential of aspen from the ground spray trial.
The results of these trials indicates that the optimum time to
apply glyphosate for white spruce release in Manitoba occurs in
mid-late August after the buds have set and during the time when there
is relatively little shoot growth. Glyphosate applied at 1.0 kg.ha-1
provided the best silvicultural and herbicidal efficacy. In areas
where complete control of aspen is not desirable, lower rates of
application should be considered. Such areas may include frost pockets
or areas of high aesthetic value.
The percent kill and the resuckering potential of aspen was
influenced by both the rate and the time of glyphosate application.
Rate was more critical than the time of application for both percent
kill and regrowth potential. Regrowth potential of aspen on areas
treated with 0.5 kg.ha-1 was relatively high compared to aspen from
areas treated with 1.0 kg.ha-1. The full effect of glyphosate on
trembling aspen competition did not become apparent until the second
year after application.
White spruce showed a positive growth response within two growing
seasons after the application of glyphosate in both the aerial and the
ground spray trials. Although small gains in height increment were
realized, the greatest gains were from diameter and volume increment.


title: Algal mixotrophic metabolism for the production of lipids

subject:
Biofuels
Algal biomass
Biofuel production
Autotrophic biomass production
Mixotrophic production of algal lipid

abstract:
The challenges associated with the use of conventional sources of crude oil increase the
demand for alternative fuel sources. Biofuels offer the chance of replacing the depleting fossil
fuels. However, the food versus fuel conflict that exists with the use of crops as source of
biofuels means that algal biomass may be the only potentially viable biofuel source that ensures
high production without trading off food production. Algal biomass may also ensure year-round
production and uses minimal space. I confirm the known observation that the addition of glucose
(0.2% w/v) to otherwise autotrophically grown algae (Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa and isolate
W7) increase lipid accumulation (based on chlorophyll content) 12-fold and 20-fold,
respectively. More realistically, on per culture basis, lipid production increased 3-fold and 5-fold,
respectively. Recently, cellulose was shown to be hydrolysed by algae and I provide preliminary
evidence for the existence of extracellular cellulase produced by both algae used in my study. I
show that on per culture basis, A. pyrenoidosa and isolate W7 supplemented with complex
carbohydrates such as carboxymethyl cellulose, crystalline cellulose or paper mill sludge will
increase their lipid content (up to triple for W7 supplemented with paper mill sludge). However,
these carbohydrates as well as pure glucose depressed chlorophyll content of both algae,
resulting in inflated apparent increase in lipid content based on chlorophyll concentration. This
study adds important new information for the future potential commercialization of the
mixotrophic production of algal lipid using cheap organic substrate in the form of pulp mill
waste.


title: Effects of unilateral resistance training on sexagenarians : an examination of functional, histochemical, biochemical, and morphological changes

contributor:
Thayer, Robert
Bauer, Tony
Chapman, Dave
Lavoie, Norm

subject: Isometric exercise Physiological aspects

subject: Exercise for the aged Physiological aspects

abstract:
The purpose o f this study was to investigate functional, histochemical, biochemical and
morphological properties associated with resistance training in the elderly. Ten (8 females, 2
males), moderately active sexagenarians (mean age = 66.3; S.D. +/- 3.7 yrs), volunteered to
engage in 8 weeks of isotonic resistance training of the quadriceps muscle of one leg. Training
sessions took place three times per week with each session including a warm up and warm down;
and three to five sets (ten repetitions per set) of unilateral leg extensions and unilateral leg curls.
There were no significant changes in height, weight, and thigh girth with training. Peak torque
output at 180 deg/s increased 30.8% (P < 0.05) after training in the experimental limb. No
significant changes in peak torque (Pre 78.1 +/- 10.5 N. m; Post 89.1 +/- 15.2 N. m) or mean
power (Pre 91.6 +/- 14.5 Nmrads x s-1 Post 106.4 +/- 18.7 Nmrads x s-1) at 60 deg/s were observed.
No significant change in peak torque or mean power was noted in the contralateral control limb at
either velocity. Although there was a tendency to an increased fibre area in type II fibres (7.3%
for IIa and 10.6% for Ilb), fibre cross sectional area (CSA) was unaltered as a result of the
resistance training. In addition, there were no significant changes in the muscle fibre type
composition, as assessed histochemically or in the proportion o f type I myosin heavy chain
(MHC) and heat shock protein 72 as assessed by western blot. These data suggest that an eight
week resistance training program is capable o f producing significant increases in isokinetic peak
torque in the elderly.


title: Colour appearance of perceived illuminants and surfaces

subject:
Color vision
Physiological optics

abstract:
The colour appearance of a patch of light is only partly determined by the
light itself. A patch's perceived colour can also be influenced by cognitive
processes. Cognitive effects on colour appearance were examined by
modifying an observer's perceptual representation of surface-ambiguous and
textured patches of light. Observers were instructed to view a 1° square test
patch as either an illuminant source or as an object reflecting light from its
surface. The test patch was presented on a high-resolution Nanao 9080i
colour monitor driven by a 32 bit microprocessor (T1 34020 GSP) specialized
for graphics operations. The luminance of the phosphors was
photometrically calibrated and linearized. The five test conditions were a(n):
(1) isolated homogeneous test field (ambiguous test); (2) isolated test
containing a random-dot speckled pattern (textured test surface); (3)
homogeneous test with homogeneous surround (ambiguous test and
surround); (4) test containing a similar texture surrounded by a
homogeneous background (textured test surface with ambiguous surround);
(5) textured test with a textured surround (textured test and surround surface).
Changes in colour appearance were assessed using a red/green hue
cancellation technique based on opponency mechanisms in the human
visual pathway. The test was an admixture of "red" (Xd = 625 nm) and
"green" (kd = 535 nm) light. The chromaticity of the backgroimds were "red"
(Xd = 625 nm) and "green" (Xd = 535 nm). The test patch was varied across
five luminances (0.92 to 19.9 cd/m^). Observers monocularly viewed the CRT
with their left eyes, and were required to adjust the radiance of the "green"
component so that the test appeared neither reddish nor greenish. Results
showed that all but one observer viewed the CRT images independently of
instruction set. The observer showed a greenness (redness) shift in test colour
appearance for surface (aperture) mode perception when viewing a
homogeneous test with a 625 nm surround. The remaining observers
showed either no shifts or shifts in colour appearance that were in the same
chromatic direction as the surround. The data can best be described by neural
assimilation processes.


title: Variation in vessel diameter and leaf area of white birch (Betula papyrifera) along moisture gradients in Canada

contributor:
Wang, Jian
Leitch, Mathew
Reid, Doug

subject:
Paper birch
Canada
Growth
Effect of water levels on
Leaves
Anatomy

abstract: One of the key hypotheses of this research is that white birch that has evolved in wet areas will have larger vessels than those trees that evolved in dry areas. Since the wet areas are less likely to experience drought they can therefore produce larger vessels while dry areas produce smaller vessels to ward off any embolism that may occur during a drought. The second hypothesis is that birch trees in dry areas will produce lower sapwood to leaf area ratios then those in wetter environments. Trees in the wet areas can support higher leaf area per unit of sapwood area while trees in dry areas have made structural modifications to leaf area as a result of water stress. In total thirty sites were sampled across Canada ranging from Ontario to B.C.


title: Instructors' perceptions of their roles in a culturally diverse classroom at the post secondary level

contributor:
Brady, Patrick
Lindsay, Mary

subject:
Multicultural education
Inclusive education
Minorities education (Higher)

abstract:
This qualitative study investigated instructors’ perceptions of their roles in culturally
diverse classrooms at the post secondary level. The participants were six instructors who
have had students from different cultural backgrounds in their classrooms. The study was
conducted in a mid-sized city in the province of Ontario. Four categories emerged from the
analysis of the qualitative data: (a) A summary of instructors’ educational experiences; (b)
The instructors’ perceptions of culturally diverse classes; (c) The teaching strategies they
employed; and (d) Instructors’ roles in the classroom. The participants acknowledged and
described the challenges faced by instructors in a culturally diverse classroom at the post
secondary level. They also indicated the benefits and challenges faced by students studying
in such classrooms. They perceived six variations on the instructor’s role: lecturer, role
model, learner, facilitator, diagnostician, and moderator. Furthermore, the participants
described the functions of these roles and the employment of corresponding teaching
strategies in culturally diverse classes.


title: Six grade 6 students' perceptions of the Ontario Province-wide reading and writing assessments

subject: Educational tests and measurements Ontario Public opinion

subject: School children Rating of Ontario Public opinion

subject: Achievement tests Ontario Public opinion

abstract:
This qualitative study investigated Grade Six Students' Perceptions of the Ontario Province-wide
Reading and Writing Assessments. The participants in the study were six Grade 6 students
attending a rural school in Northwestern Ontario, and their teacher. Four themes emerged from
the analysis of the qualitative data: (a) preparation for the Provincial Assessments; (b) preassessment
perceptions; (c) cognitive, metacognitive and affective perceptions relating to test
performance; and (d) post-assessment reflections.
The finding of this study suggest that the pre-assessment perceptions formed by participants may
be influenced by external factors including the following: test preparation practices, their level of
awareness regarding the need for testing and usage of test scores, affective responses to testing
and motivation to perform. Participants' reported use of cognitive and metacognitive reading
and writing strategies and their affective response to testing provided insight into perceptions
that may affect test performance. Finally, post-assessment reflections suggest that participants
responded easily to questions that required less controlled and more personally relevant
responses. The suggested changes made by participants regarding the assessment content
reflected ± e ir need for more freedom of choice and opportunities to use exercise their creativity.


title: Changing subcultures from old roles to new identities : an analysis of gender through the emergence of women in drag racing / by Amanda R. Sundell.

contributor:
Ariss, Rachel
Genosko, Gary
Stone, Sharon Dale

subject:
Women drag racers
Drag racing - Social aspects
Women in sports

abstract:
This is a study in interpretive and critical sociology of the experiences of women in drag racing. The purpose of this study is to examine and give voice to women's gendered experiences in drag racing. The methodology includes participant observation and key informant interviews. Analyzing the use of space at the drag racing event reveals its gendered social norms. Case studies of professional racers such as Shirley Muldowney and Danica Patrick are contrasted with the experiences of the interviewees in order to examine gender at all levels of the sport.
Social relationships have both constrained and empowered women’s
participation in sport. Women participate in many different roles within the
drag racing event - as supporters of male racers, sexual objects for
advertisements, administrators, and as racers. While most racers are male
and racing itself is seen as masculine, women have begun to challenge
gender roles and ideals within drag racing through their participation as
racers.


title: Effects of cocaine : a correlation study of the signs and symptoms of cocaine abuse in males / by Chris Bulley. --

subject:
Cocaine Physiological effect
Men Drug use.
Cocaine habit


title: Examination of pathways by which parental attachment and secondary attachment strategies predict disordered eating attitudes and behaviours

subject: Attachment theory

subject: Attachment behaviour system and the secure base relationship

subject: Attachment and regulation of emotion

subject: Attachment and psychopathology

subject: Disordered eating as attachment avoidance

subject: Disordered eating and parental attachment

subject: Disordered eating attitudes and behaviours

abstract: Research has established a connection between insecure attachment and disordered eating (O’Kearney, 1996; O’Shaughnessy & Dallos, 2009; Ward et al., 2000). Over three studies, the current research examined the relationship between attachment and disordered eating attitudes and behaviours (DEABs) in the context of control theory analysis (Kobak, Cole, Ferenz-Gillies, Fleming and Gamble, 1993). This theory was developed to help understand the relationship between internal working models and the development of attachment strategies to regulate emotion. The purpose of Study 1 was to investigate the processes by which parental attachment and the secondary attachment strategies proposed by Kobak et al. are associated with DEABs. Participants included 281 female high school and university students (M = 19.29 years). Multiple mediation models were tested using bootstrapping methods outlined by Preacher and Hayes (2008). Results suggested that the relationship between both anxious (hyperactivated) and avoidant (deactivated) attachment strategies and DEABs were significantly mediated by Negative Affect, self-esteem, and Perfectionistic Self-Promotion. As Avoidant and Anxious Attachment were highly correlated, a composite variable, Overall Insecure Attachment was created. The relationship between Overall Insecure Attachment and DEABs was similarly mediated. Multiple regression analyses revealed that feelings of alienation from both mothers and fathers significantly predicted Avoidant, Anxious, and Overall Insecure Attachment. Results suggested that the development of DEABs may not be associated with one type of secondary attachment strategy, but rather insecure attachment in general. Further, parental attachment relationships predicted insecure attachment strategies.


title: In vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activity of twenty-one Northern Ontario medicinal plants

subject:
Northern Ontario medicinal plants
Antibacterial bioactivity
Oxidative stress
Antioxidant assays

abstract:
Aboriginal communities in the northern Ontario region utilize an abundance of locally grown medicinal plants. However, no prior documentation or phytochemical studies on the northern Ontario medicinal plants existed in literature. This prompted me to exploit the ethnobotanical resources in this region towards the study of antibacterial bioactivity and alleviation of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress plays a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of many major human illnesses, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and Alzheimer’s syndrome. Also, infectious diseases are a major concern in our society due to the advent of multiple drug resistant strains of bacteria that cause millions of mortalities worldwide. From the accumulated list of 48 northern Ontario medicinal plants, I selected 21 plants based on their documented anticancer, antibacterial, antioxidant, antidiarrheal and anti-inflammatory properties. These plants were separated into leaf, flower, stem and root tissues and extracted with ethanol. In total, 43 extracts were assayed for antioxidant and antibacterial activity in this study. The antioxidant activity was evaluated through the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt), ORAC (Oxygen radical absorption capacity), and EC50 (half maximal effective concentration) assays. The total phenolic content of medicinal plants was also determined. The antibacterial activity was determined through the hole-plate diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays on Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus, Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium, Paenibacillus alvei and Aeromonas caviae bacteria. The crude extract was fractionated through manual liquid chromatography (LC) into five fractions of varying polarity using a mixture of hexane: ethyl acetate: methanol solvents and assayed for inhibitory activity in the MIC assay. Also, a few plants were shortlisted and studied for more detailed antibacterial activity through minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and time-kill analyses.                                                                                In the antioxidant assays, all plant extracts exhibit some level of activity, however, a few were exceptional. The extracts of Cornus canadensis, Ledum palustre, Prunella vulgaris, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, and Apocynum androsaemifolium L. from the Cornaceae, Lamiaceae, Ericaceae and Apocynaceae families, respectively, display the highest antioxidant activity and total phenolic contents. In the antibacterial assays, plants from the Asteraceae, Apocynaceae, Cornaceae and Ericaceae families display the highest activity. Particularly, the leaf and/ or flower extracts of Xanthium strumarium, Anaphalis margaritacea, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Apocynum androsaemifolium L., Cornus canadensis, Solidago canadensis and Grindelia squarrosa exhibit high inhibition diameters and low MIC values. Also, for the majority of extracts, an increase in bioactivity was observed in the medium polarity LC fraction, relative to the crude. Particularly, the medium polarity fraction of Anap. margaritacea flower exhibits MIC values in the range of 0.08 -1.25 mg/ml against all six bacteria tested. The crude extract of Anaphalis margaritacea flower also displays MBC values in the range of 0.16 - 5
mg/ml against A. caviae, M. luteus, P. alvei and B. cereus bacterium and demonstrates complete extermination within eight hours of incubation. Overall, this investigation provides evidence for the application of these medicinal plants towards the treatment of infectious and oxidative stress related diseases in Native Aboriginal communities.


title: Bidentate phosphine complexes of copper (I) : their syntheses and interactions with sodium tetrahydroborate and sodium cyanotrihydroborate

contributor:
Holah, D. G.
Hughes, A. N.

subject:
Copper Isotopes.
Phosphenes.
Complex compounds.

abstract:
Copper(l) chloride and perchlorate complexes of the
types (L~L)CuCl, (L-L)[subscript 3]Cu[subscript2]X[subscript2] (X=Cl-,C10-4), C(L-L)[subscript2]Cu]C10[subscript4] (L-L=DPPM, DPPE, trans VPP, cis VPP, DPPP, DPPB,DPPPe,DPPH) have been prepared from reactions in organic solvents between the appropriate copper(II) salt and the bis phosphine in the appropriate stoichiometries. Possible arrangements
of these compounds are considered on the basis of IR,
[superscript 31] P NMR, [superscript1]H NMR, conductivity, and molecular weight data.  All of the evidence suggests that the complexes [(L-L)[subscript2]Cu]C10[subscript4] should be formulated as ion pairs, whereas in the complexes (L-L)[subscript3]Cu[subscript2]X[subscript2] (X=Cl-, C10[subscript4 ), X is thought to be
coordinated. The available evidence suggests the presence of both bridging monodentate and chelating bidentate phosphines in the (L-L)[subscript3]Cu[subscript2]X[subscript2] complexes except for L-L =trans- VPP, where all the phosphines, appear to be monodentate and
bridging. The 1:1 complexes of CuCl with L-L are all formulated
as dimers, [(L-L)CuCl][subscript2] with bridging chlorides, and
tetrahedrally coordinated copper.


title: Climate change-associated temporal increase of tree mortality and its consequences in central and western Canadian boreal forests

contributor:
Chen, Han
Wang, Jian
Kayahara, Gordon
Dang, Qing-Lai

subject:
Boosted regression trees
Boreal forest
Global warming
Global-change-type drought
Hierarchical Bayesian model
Tree mortality
Young forests

abstract:
Tree mortality influences forest structure, composition and ecosystem functions. To assess how recent climate changes affected tree mortality, observational studies conducted in old-growth forests have shown that tree mortality has increased with recent global warming, increasing atmospheric CO2, and decreasing water availability in tropical, temperate, and boreal forests. These studies could lead to biased estimation of climate effects on boreal forests. Boreal forests are a mosaic of stands at various developmental stages, with old forests accounting for only a small portion of the landscape. Additionally, uncertainty exists whether the observed temporal increases in tree mortality are attributable to climate changes or stand developmental processes. The overall objective of this thesis was to investigate how recent climate changes affected North American boreal forests, encompassing the variety of of tree sizes, stand developmental stages and stand compositions which typify the boreal region. The aboveground biomass carbon pool had been examined and related to tree mortality.
In the first tree mortality study, I examined how endogenous factors, such as competition, species interaction and aging, affect tree mortality. I simultaneously tested, using Boosted Regression Trees (BRT) models, the effects of an individual’s relative size, stand crowding, species interaction and ageing on mortality of Pinus banksiana Lamb., Populus tremuloides Michx., Betula papyrifera Marsh. and Picea mariana Mill. Data from 109 permanent sampling plots (PSPs) located in Ontario had been used for these analyses. I found that mortality increased significantly with decreasing relative size for all study species, and the size-dependent mortality was stronger for shade-intolerant than for shade-tolerant species. With increasing stand basal area, mortality increased for Pinus banksiana, Populus tremuloides and Picea mariana, but decreased for Betula papyrifera. Mortality was higher in stands with more conspecific neighbours for Populus tremuloides, Betula papyrifera and Picea mariana, but was lower for Pinus banksiana. Mortality also increased with stand age for all species. Furthermore, the size-dependent mortality was stronger in more crowded stands. These results suggest that tree mortality in boreal forest is driven by endogenous factors such as competition, aging, and species interaction.


title: Student and teacher perceptions of race relations in a rural, Northwestern Ontario secondary school

contributor:
Russell, Connie
Courtland, Mary Clare

subject:
Discrimination in education
Race relations (School)
Prejudices in children

abstract:
Schools in Canada reflect the country’s racial diversity. Race relations therefore
is an issue that most schools face. In this study, teacher and student perceptions
of race relations at a secondary school were explored, including students and
teachers’ lived experiences and how, if at all, they feel racism in schools should
be addressed. The two main racial groups in the school were White and
Aboriginal. The participants in this study were grade 11 students of Aboriginal
and White descent, and a sample of teachers. A qualitative research
methodology was used to explore participant perceptions. To collect data,
interviews were conducted, writing tasks were administered, and a document
analysis of the Board’s anti-racism policy was done. Students had a wide range
of perceptions of race relations in their school, from denial of any difference
between the groups, to anger over unequal treatment of the two groups.
Participants provided their own definitions of racism and explained how it is or is
not present in their school. Many students and teachers reported cases of racial
name-calling, jokes, slurs, and stereotypes. Teachers discussed some
challenges of teaching in a racially diverse setting. Most students and teachers
believed that schools have a responsibility to address racism, and provided
suggestions for doing this. Implications of the findings are discussed, as well as
recommendations for the school and the school board.


title: Holistic resource management in UAV-assisted wireless networks

contributor:
Ejaz, Waleed
Ikki, Salama
Hai, Shafiqul

subject:
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)
Wireless networks

abstract:
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are considered as a promising solution to assist terrestrial networks in future wireless networks (i.e., beyond fifth-generation (B5G) and sixth-generation (6G)).
The convergence of various technologies requires future wireless networks to provide multiple
functionalities, including communication, computing, control, and caching (4C), necessary for
applications such as connected robotics and autonomous systems. The majority of existing works
consider the developments in 4C individually, which limits the cooperation among 4C for potential
gains. UAVs have been recently introduced to supplement mobile edge computing (MEC) in terrestrial networks to reduce network latency by providing mobile resources at the network edge in
future wireless networks. However, compared to ground base stations (BSs), the limited resources
at the network edge call for holistic management of the resources, which requires joint optimization. We provide a comprehensive review of holistic resource management in UAV-assisted wireless networks. Integrated resource management considers the challenges associated with aerial
networks (such as three-dimensional (3D) placement of UAVs, trajectory planning, channel modelling, and backhaul connectivity) and terrestrial networks (such as limited bandwidth, power, and
interference). We present architectures (source-UAV-destination and UAV-destination architecture)
and 4C in UAV-assisted wireless networks. We then provide a detailed discussion on resource
management by categorizing the optimization problems into individual or combinations of two
(communication and computation) or three (communication, computation and control). Moreover,
solution approaches and performance metrics are discussed and analyzed for different objectives
and problem types. We formulate a mathematical framework for holistic resource management
to minimize the linear combination of network latency and cost for user association while guaranteeing the offloading, computing, and caching constraints. Binary decision variables are used
to allocate offloading and computing resources. Since the decision variables are binary and constraints are linear, the formulated problem is a binary linear programming problem. We propose
a heuristic algorithm based on the interior point method by exploiting the optimization structure
of the problem to get a sub-optimal solution with less complexity. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed work when compared to the optimal results obtained using branch and
bound. Finally, we discuss insight into the potential future research areas to address the challenges
of holistic resource management in UAV-assisted wireless networks.


title: Ecological Concept Development at the Elementary School Level

contributor:
Puk, Tom
Rahim, Medhat
Brady, Patrick

subject:
Ecological concepts
Elementary students
Science curriculum
Ontario

abstract: This case study of one school was designed to examine the level of knowledge and understanding elementary students (ages 9 – 13) have for key ecological concepts that are found in the Ontario 2007 science curriculum guidelines for grades 4, 6, and 8. This study utilizes the research design technique of concept analysis to investigate the level of maturity of understanding found in elementary students‟ definitions for these ecological concepts. The study revealed that a majority of students possess a limited understanding of the concepts of photosynthesis, decomposition, greenhouse gas, recycling and biodiversity. The study also found that students possess quite varied meanings for the concepts of the environment, sustainability and green. This limited understanding of concepts and the variability of meaning demonstrated that there was limited growth in concept development from grade 4 to grade 8. The results of this one study may encourage educators to consider further the importance of focusing on ecological concept development in elementary education.


title: Plasmonic nanostructure on a tapered fiber for chemical detection

contributor:
Das, Gautam
Linhananta, Apichart
Gallagher, Mark
Reznik, Alla

subject:
Optical fiber
Tapered optical fiber
Nanoparticles and nanorods

abstract: A simple, cost effective technique to manufacture plasmonic nanostructures as a Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) substrate was investigated. The plasmonic structure of gold nanorods was developed on the surface of a tapered fiber using the optical tweezing process from a colloidal solution. A unique grating like distribution of gold nanorods (GNRs) was formed. The effect of different laser wavelengths (632, 1064, and 1522 nm) on the assembly of the nanostructure was also investigated. The experiments were repeated with Gold nanospheres, which are referred to as gold nanoparticles (GNPs). However, no significant distribution of nanoparticles was observed. The tapered fiber was developed using dynamic and static chemical etching methods; a single-mode fiber (SMF 28), and a multimode fiber were used. The gold nanorods formed a grating like structure when optically tweezed using tapered multi-mode fiber. The potential use of the tapered fiber probe with nanostructure for application in SERS was investigated.


title: Pathogen-host omics analyses of human papillomavirus type 16 sub-lineages in a human epithelial organoid model

contributor:
Zehbe, Ingeborg
Floriano, Wely
Ulanova, Marina

subject:
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs)
HPV type 16
Epithelial organoids

abstract: Pathogens such as human papillomaviruses (HPVs) have co-evolved with their hosts and form a molecular basis for common diseases. Persistent infection with the “high-risk” HPV type 16 (HPV16) is a potent cause of anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers. Taxonomic HPV16 sub-lineages, based on geographic origin of discovery, are noteworthy due to their variable tumourigenicity. In this dissertation, I present basic research and the resulting biotechnologies we developed, improved, and utilized to study their fascinating pathogen-host relationship with human stratified epithelia. A small number of variations in the E6 gene of HPV16, found in the D2 and D3 sub-lineages, lead to increased tumourigenic risk compared to the prototype A1 sub-lineage. Using an organotypic human epithelial model (or in vitro organoid) we recapitulated the viral life cycle and used “-omics” analyses to assess viral and host molecular differences due to sub-lineage variation. Sub-lineage variants of E6 were associated with host genome instability and viral integration into host DNA. Following these initial findings, I provide perspective on epithelial organoids, namely that the trade-off between model complexity and feasibility should be sensibly considered based on its utility for answering the biological research question at hand. Model applications and improvements are presented, including time-series epithelial stratification measurements, strategies for introducing full-length sub-lineage HPV16 genomes into host keratinocytes, and experiments to study innate immune evasion. These wet-lab works are accompanied by software to aid biologists in analyzing sequencing data. As well, we present current work using The Cancer Genome Atlas to test the association between HPV16 sub-lineage and integration. Overall, this interdisciplinary and interconnected collection has significance for basic researchers, providing insight on how a small number of natural viral variations can lead to increased tumourigenic risk, as well as for experimentalists to gain insight on organoid modelling and novel bioinformatics tools. More broadly, characterizing these molecular interactions between pathogen and host enables us to form a basis for diagnosis, treatment, and ultimately prevention of disease. Future research should aim to closely integrate biological and computational sciences for improving experimental approaches and our ability to make meaningful biological interpretations given the complexity and variability of biological systems.


title: "It was your ancestors that put them there and they put them there for you" : exploring Indigenous connection to mazinaabikiniganan as land-based education

contributor:
Russell, Constance
Burnett, Kristin

subject: Mazinaabikiniganan as Indigenous Tradition

subject: Environmental Education and Indigenous Land Education

abstract:
This study explored Indigenous connections to mazinaabikiniganan (more commonly known as
rock art or pictographs) and investigated how these sites contribute to land-based education.
Focused on the community of Batchewana First Nation and their relationship to the
mazinaabikinigan of Agawa Rock located within Lake Superior Provincial Park, this study used
snowball sampling to identify six knowledgeable community members who shared their stories,
knowledge, and understanding of the mazinaabikiniganan as well as other sites of significance
within their traditional territory. Using storywork and conversation as method, data was gathered
through conversations held with community members rather than formal interviews. The stories
collected indicate that mazinaabikiniganan must be understood from within a larger frame of
reference, emphasizing the importance of geographical, political, and historical context.
Additionally, stories showed the ceremonial and spiritual significance of place, affirmed
Aboriginal rights and sovereignty within traditional territory, and highlighted the importance of
life-long learning and decolonizing education. The thesis weaves together the findings and
discussion to provide a cohesive picture of how the community values and perceives this site and
concludes with recommendations on the pedagogic potential of mazinaabikiniganan on a broader
scale.


title: Community supervision of adolescents who commit a sexual offence : Risk appraisal by probation officers

contributor:
Schmidt, Fred
Klein, Rupert

subject:
Adolescent
Sexual offender
YLS/CMI
Risk-Need-Responsivity
Rehabilitation

abstract: Research supports the Risk-Need-Responsivity model of offender rehabilitation for use with adolescent sexual offenders. Probation officers are responsible for the supervision of adolescent sexual offenders in the community, yet their approach to supervision of these youth has received little attention. It is unclear how probation officers in Ontario determine the risk for sexual recidivism, as there is no mandated tool for assessing this specific type of risk. Currently, probation officers use the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory to assess the risk for reoffence and develop a case management plan for youth on their caseload. However, there is insufficient research to support the use of this tool with sexual offenders. In this study, probation officers were surveyed to examine their knowledge of risk factors and current case management practices with adolescent sexual offenders compared to general offenders. Also, profiles on the YLS/CMI of youth who have been convicted of sexual and non-sexual offences were examined. Subscales which captured prior criminal history, delinquent peer associations and substance abuse were significantly more likely to be endorsed for non-sexual offenders. It was also found that probation officers used the risk override often with both non-sexual and sexual offenders; however the risk level override was increased more frequently, and to a greater extent, for sexual offenders. Results also indicated that probation officers had a mean accuracy of 57% when asked to identify risk factors for sexual recidivism. These findings suggest that probation officers may have a different approach to supervision with youth who have committed a sexual offense compared to youth with general offenses. The implications of these findings and future directions for research are described.


title: Long term DNA storage evaluation and methodology

contributor:
Law, David
Matheson, Carney
Gottardo, Christine

subject:
DNA preservation
DNA stability
Long-term storage (DNA)

abstract:
DNA preservation over the long term is a considerable problem for many fields that still
lack a viable, cost-effective, long-term solution. The considerable amount of genetic material
that is currently aging in facilities around the world continues to slowly degrade over time. New
discoveries are being made based on genetic material recovered from ancient specimens, and
new technologies are looking to store metadata in DNA; but all face this eventual problem of
long-term stability. There is no “magic bullet” for preventing the various forms of DNA damage
that accumulate over time, and all current technological solutions have tradeoffs. Each method of
preparation, storage, and processing is chosen with the immediate downstream application as the
priority, and all have shortcomings for overall preservation. Costs and space requirements
continue to rise as more material is continuously accumulated, and furthermore, DNA damage
studies often extrapolate their results into the future, giving models that may not be accurate. In
this study, I investigate current methods and propose a potential new approach to address the
problem. [...]


title: Menstrual cycle, sex differences and sensitivity to intermittent light

subject:
Flicker fusion
Menstrual cycle
Visual perception

abstract:
Sex differences in critical flicker frequency (CFF)
have been found by Hartmann (1934) and Ginsburg et al.
(1982), with men appearing to be more sensitive than
women* The nature of these sex differences has been
questioned. Ginsburg et al. (1982) have suggested that
these differences may be due to hormonal influences that
could be further explored by studying CFF across the menstrual
cycle. It has been proposed by Bern (1974) that sex role
perception might be a variable involved in sex differences*
The present study was designed to explore the sex difference
in CFF and two interpretations of it;.: the influence of
hormones and the influence of sex role perception. The
former variable was investigated by looking for changes
in sensitivity during the menstrual cycle, since any such
found would imply a hormonal basis. The latter variable
was studied thru the use of the Bern Sex Role Inventory,
which includes both femininity and masculinity.scales.
Two experiments were conducted using a CFF task based
on the method of limits. In Experiment I, three female
volunteers with menstrual regularity were tested three
times a week for two complete menstrual cycles. In
Experiment II, 30 male and 33 female subjects were tested
once on the CFF task and the Bern inventory. In addition. all females answered a questionnaire concerning their
menstrual cycle*
A significant sex difference in CFF was found, with
men more sensitive* Ho clear relationship was found
between CFF and the menstrual cycle, either in subjects
tested repeatedly over the cycle or in the larger group
tested once# Sex role perception showed no relation to
CFF among females. However, among males some relationship
was observed which suggests further study.


title: Woody biomass-based bioenergy development at the Atikokan power generating station: local perceptions and public opinions

contributor:
Pulkki, Reino
Smith, Peggy
Shahi, Chander

subject:
Woody biomass
Bioenergy
Local perceptions
Public opinions

abstract:
To tackle climate change, reduce air pollution and promote development of renewable energy, the Ontario government is investing in the conversion of the coal-based Atikokan Power Generating Station (APGS) in Atikokan, Ontario, to woody biomass feedstock. This research offers one of the first looks at the perspectives of different individuals and groups on converting woody biomass to energy. Using a combination of study instruments which include literature review, surveys, interviews with key informants, semi-structured interviews, and focus group discussions, this dissertation uses qualitative research to provide a picture of the public’s opinions and attitudes towards the APGS biomass energy development.
Given Ontario’s huge and sustainably managed forest resource, woody biomass is expected to be a major component of renewable energy production in Ontario. The move towards renewable energy that replaces fossil fuels with woody biomass will have considerable socio-economic implications for local and First Nation communities living in and around the bioenergy power generating station. Findings indicate that there is wide support for biomass utilization at the APGS by local people, especially since the project would create sustainable employment. The connection of woody biomass-based energy generation and rural community development provides opportunities and challenges for Atikokan’s economic development. Respondents identified economic, environmental and social barriers to biomass utilization, and emphasized trust and transparency as key elements in the successful implementation of the APGS project.
As demand for woody biomass-based energy increases, special attention will be needed to ensure and maintain the social, economic and environmental sustainability of biomass use at the APGS. In this research, respondents’ views about biomass utilization for energy mainly focused on forest-related issues rather than energy. In Atikokan much of the project’s social acceptability is directly linked to woody biomass providing job creation and community stability. Given this, it will be important to design policies and projects from a community development perspective to ensure long term community support.
Information provided by this research creates a base for discussions as forest biomass energy becomes a vital issue in Northwestern Ontario, Canada, and other regions of the world. This research provides a look at a community’s views using a method that provides breadth of information but that is specific in scope. Further research will be required to determine the reach of these opinions within the stakeholder groups, the general public, and across different regions.


title: Cycloaddition and related reactions of some vinyl and cyclopropylphosphines

subject: Phosphine


title: Infrapopulation dynamics of Parelaphostrongylus tenuis in white-tailed deer

subject:
White-tailed deer parasites Minnesota
Parelaphostrongylus tenuis

abstract:
White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), of known age, collected in
northeastern Minnesota (n=379) from November 1991 to May 1993 were
examined for Parelaphostrongylus tenuis. Prevalence and intensity estimates were
based on adult worms in the cranium and first-stage larvae in the feces of the
same individuals. Prevalence of worms in the cranium was higher (82%) than
prevalence of larvae in the feces (53%). The difference between these two
measures was largely (78%) due to unisexual, occult infections. The spinal column
does not seem to be an important site for adult P. tenuis since only one of 26
animals had a worm (immature) located there.
In fawns, the prevalence of larvae (35%) and adult worms (68%) was lower
than in all older age classes (63%, 89%, respectively). The mean number of adult
worms was lower in fawns (2.7) and yearlings (3.0) than in deer 7-15 yr (4.1).
Conversely, the mean number of larvae in feces was higher in fawns (102
larvae/g) than in adults 2-6 (36 1/g) and 7-15 yr (36 1/g).
More larvae were passed in spring (mean of 77 1/g) than in fall (11 1/g) or
winter (38 1/g). Mean fecundity was greater in fawns (52 larvae/g/female worm)
than in adults 2-6 yr (15 1/g/f) and 7-15 yr (12 1/g/f). The sex ratio of worms did
not change with increasing age of deer, nor did the ratio of worms in the sinuses
to subdural space. The number of larvae in feces was not correlated with the
number of female P. tenuis in the cranium, but was correlated with the ratio of A smaller sample of white-tailed deer (n = 34) from an area where density
reached 30 deer/km2 was compared with animals from the study area where
summer density was 3.7 deer/km2. The mean number of adult worms in deer of
all ages was similar in both areas (3.2 and 3.5, respectively), but animals in the
high density area passed more larvae (94 and 57 1/g, respectively).
Results suggest that P. tenuis is long-lived and that deer infected in their
first or second summer of life acquire few, if any, additional worms thereafter. A
threshold number of adult worms in each deer limits infrapopulation larval
production as deer density increases. Infrapopulation larval production, however,
is highest in young animals and in the spring. Suprapopulation larval production
will be affected by deer density, the proportion of young naive deer in a
population and the ability of deer to produce an effective immune response to the
parasite.


title: Construction of a local Lie group from its Lie algebra

subject:
Lie groups
Lie algebras

abstract:
In "Symmetry Groups and Their Applications", by W. Miller [1, p.152-206],
Miller discusses local Lie group theory and certain resulting applications in special
function theory, in the course of this discussion Miller considers local Lie
transformation groups and Lie derivatives. Miller is able to prove that any Lie algebra
of differential operators is the set of Lie derivatives for some local Lie transformation
group (G, Q), where G = (V.?) is the underlying local Lie group and Q is the action.
Miller's proof shows that the action Q can be found by solving a system of ordinary
differential equations. His proof does not explicitly give the underlying local Lie group
G. It only shows that such an underlying local Lie group exists.
We show that if you restrict the Lie algebras of differential operators to ones
with a basis of the form (see document)....
Thus we have found a method of constructing a
local Lie group from its Lie algebra when the Lie algebra is realized as differential
operators having the above form.
The fact that any Lie algebra of differential operators is the set of Lie derivatives
for some local Lie transformation group is important in applying local Lie theory to
special function theory. By means of local Lie groups that are not sets of matrices, we
verify known addition formulas for polynomials of binomial type, 2Fo hypergeometric
series, Eulerian polynomials and Hermite polynomials.
Although our results can be derived by various special function techniques, our
examples are interesting in that they show that the various addition formulas can all be
obtained by using the same local Lie group theory.


title: Effects of elevated carbon dioxide concentration and light on biomass morphology and physiology of black spruce and white spruce seedlings

contributor:
Dang, Qing-Lai
Colombo, Stephen J.
Law, David

subject: Effect of light on black spruce seedlings

subject: Effect of light on white spruce seedlings

subject: Effect of atmospheric carbon dioxide on black spruce seedlings

subject: Boreal forest

subject: Biomass allocation

subject: Photosynthesis

subject: Stomatal conductance

abstract: Carbon dioxide concentration and light interactions influence competition among boreal tree species, though little is known about the exact effects. The interactive effects of [CO 2 ] and light on growth, biomass production, gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, light response and in-vivo carboxylation of 1-year-old black spruce (Sb) ( Picea mariana [Mill.] B.S.P) and white spruce (Sw) ( Picea glauca (Moench Voss) on were investigated. The seedlings were grown under 360 and 720 mol mol -1 [CO 2 ] at 30, 50 and 100% light in greenhouses for 4.5 months. It was found that root collar diameter (RCD) of Sw decreased with decreasing light while there was no significant difference in Sb between 50 and 30% light. Height was greater at 100% light than shaded. Elevated [CO 2 ] increased RCD by 33% and enhanced stem-volume by 67, 98 and 84%, respectively at 100, 50 and 30% light. The CO 2 enrichment enhancement of total biomass and net photosynthesis was relatively higher at lower light and greater in Sb than in Sw. CO 2 elevation decreased specific leaf area at 50% light only. CO 2 elevation reduced stomatal conductance ( g s ) and transpiration rate ( E ) and subsequently increased water use efficiency. The reduction in g s and E increased with decreasing light and much more in Sb than in Sw. CO 2 elevation significantly reduced dark respiration ( R day ) and the magnitude of reduction was higher in Sw than Sb and with decreasing light. Light compensation point decreased with decreasing light and that of Sb was much lower at elevated [CO 2 ]. CO 2 elevation increased light-saturated electron transport rate ( J max ) and apparent rate of electron transport ( J t ) and the increase was highest at 100% light. After 2.5 months, J max was significantly higher in Sb than in white spruce. CO 2 elevation reduced light compensation point and increased the light saturation point. These data suggest that in future climates when atmospheric [CO 2 ] rises, species competitiveness under low light conditions will increase and the increase will be greater in black spruce than white spruce.


title: Disruptive behaviour in an Ontario population of complex continuing care patients using the Minimum Data Set (2.0)

contributor:
Stones, Michael
Netley, Charles
Bedard, Michel
Gibson, Margaret

subject: Disruptive behaviour (elderly patients)

subject: Geriatric nursing (Psychological aspects)

subject: Nursing home patients (Psychology)

subject: Long term care

abstract:
The purpose of this study was to examine disruptive behaviour within a population of
complex continuing care patients, and to identify the risk factors for such behavior. Data
obtained from 14,023 residents upon admission into complex continuing care facilities
were analyzed using the Minimum Data Set (2.0). Disruptive behavior was measured by
the Disruptive Behaviour Scale developed by Stones, Stewart and Kirkpatrick (2003).
The predictors of disruptive behaviour examined included demographic characteristics
(gender, age), psychiatric diagnosis (anxiety, dementia, depression) use of medications
(antianxiety, antidepressants, antipsychotics), restraint, functional status of the resident
(Activities of Daily Living, recent and lasting delirium, incontinence, cognitive
impairment), visual limitations, oral/dental status, pain, depressed affect, and withdrawal.
The strongest predictors of disruptive behaviour included dementia, antipsychotic
medication, bladder incontinence, tooth loss, depressed affect, recent and non recent
delirium, withdrawal, restraint, vision impairment, antianxiety medication, activities of
daily living, frequency of pain, and gender. The results are discussed in relation to proper
detection and treatment of frequent conditions in care facilities that may help to reduce
disruptive behaviour.


title: Site analysis, rehabilitation options and recommendations for land at the mouth of the Current River

subject:
Reclamation of land Ontario Thunder Bay
Restoration ecology Ontario Thunder Bay
Urban forestry Ontario Thunder Bay

abstract:
The land located at the mouth of the Current River in the City of Thunder Bay is
derelict urban industrial land with significant social, ecological and recreational value to
the community. A study of this land was undertaken to develop a number of restoration
options, a description of the main restoration tools associated with each option and a
recommendation on the preferred restoration option. It was not the intent of this study
to develop a full rehabilitation prescription for the site. A systematic sampling
procedure was undertaken on the site to obtain estimates of the land’s soil and
vegetative cover. The site was mapped using ARCINFO and GRASS GIS packages
based upon historic mapping and air photo imagery. Estimates were obtained of soil
characteristics and this data was subsequently compared to normal ranges of natural
soils to determine if there were any limiting factors that would influence site restoration.
Then an analysis of the floristic composition of the site was undertaken to determine the
relative dominance of the plant species located onsite. Utilising the information
gathered by site reconnaissance, public inquiries, reviewing community plans and
analysing site samples a program and design were created for the site. Then four
restoration approaches were described from a review of available literature; the
horticultural model, naturalisation, ecological restoration and managing ecological
succession. A site restoration framework was developed based upon the sample
analysis. Ecological restoration was selected due to findings of high lead concentrations
in the site’s soils.


title: Individual differences in timing sensitivity : implications for interval timing models / Jeannette H. Prenger. --

contributor:
Wesner, Michael
Netley, Charles
Hayman, Gordon
Brown, Scott
McAuliffe, Jim

subject:
Time perception
Reaction time
Time - Psychological aspects

abstract: Time discrimination performances were examined using either a steadily presented or a heterochromatic luminance flickering visual standard-time-interval stimulus to address certain questions : 1. Are individual differences in time perception reliably observed across durations of less than and greater than one second? 2. What is the relationship between individual differences in time perception and performance on nontiming cognitive tasks that measure processing speed, accuracy, and short term memory? 3. What is the effect of increasing pacemaker speed on time perception and does it vary across individuals who have a low or high sensitivity to time differences?--Abstract.


title: Characteristics of connectivity between harvested landscapes and fixed-width riparian buffers

contributor:
Prepas, Ellie
Putz, Gordon
Pyle, Greg
Crowe, Kevin

subject:
Fixed-width riparian buffers
Flow-path metrics
Harvested landscapes
LiDAR analysis
Natural disturbance emulation
Buffering landscape disturbances

abstract:
Fixed-width riparian buffers are a common best management policy enforced in forested landscapes on first and higher order streams. These buffer areas are delineated along stream banks in the field, based on the presence of flowing water. However the presence of ephemeral streams may affect the connectivity of harvested lands to riparian buffers. We sought to understand the influence of ephemeral streams, determined from
terrain analysis, on fixed-width riparian buffers. The objectives were to: (1) use LiDAR data and spatially explicit analysis tools to establish the affect of ephemeral streams on buffer efficacy; (2) determine the effect of the location and size of cut-blocks in relation to the presence of a fixed-width riparian buffer; (3) demonstrate that fixed-width riparian buffers are an ineffective management practice for trapping sediments generated in
harvested landscapes. The inclusion of high resolution terrain data in the evaluation of riparian buffers: decreased the estimates of the connectivity to harvested lands, the sensitivity of the distribution of cut-blocks on that connectivity and the overall efficacy of fixed-width buffers along first order streams. The inclusion of un-forested ephemeral streams: (i) reduced the area of harvested lands in which flow-paths were directly connected to a riparian buffer and (ii) identified areas within the fixed-width that were
isolated from the majority of flow-paths from harvested lands. Finally, the flow-path analysis led to reduced estimates of riparian flow-path length, and the ratio of buffer area to upslope area. It also became evident that when all forested areas were included in the flow-path analysis, watersheds with a fixed-width riparian buffer or cut-to-shore were indistinguishable. Because previous studies on the effectiveness of riparian buffers were based on 1st and higher order streams, the majority of the harvested lands were likely isolated in terms of surface runoff from the riparian buffer area studied. This thesis presents a case study of four watersheds to illustrate that the inclusion of high-resolution terrain data with a topographic flow-path analysis will provide valuable insight on use of
fixed-width riparian buffers to mitigate non-point source pollutants from harvested lands.


title: Emotional intelligence : an investigation of discriminant and concurrent validity / Andrea Kohan.

contributor:
Mazmanian, Dwight
Davis, Ron
Nelsen, Randle W.

subject:
Emotional intelligence.
Burn out (Psychology)
Emotional intelligence tests

abstract:
Emotional intelligence (El) is a popularized concept, but one also being
empirically examined for its validity as a construct of intelligence. Research has focused on determining its status as a unique ability that is distinct from personality and associated with adaptability. Data thus far equivocally support the conceptualization of El as an aspect of intelligence, and point to limitations of selfreport measures designed to assess it The purpose of this study was to contribute information to the area by examining the discriminant and concurrent validity of two
relatively new self-report measures of El. Specifically, the Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQi; Bar-On, 1997a) and the Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS; Schutte et al., 1998) were examined in relation to the five-factor model (FFM) of personality and burnout, an index of response to demands in the workplace. University students, police officers and retail managers completed the El and personality measures, and the two types of workers also completed self-report measures of potential work demands, work resources, and burnout. Factor solutions revealed a lack of independence between El measures and FFM domains, except for two EIS factors, which corresponded to two theoretical aspects of El: emotional appraisal and emotional utilization. Concurrent analyses showed that El played a minimal moderating role in the experience of burnout. Collectively, the data provide controvertible evidence for the existence of unique EIS factors, but highlight the merit of further inquiry using these two measures of El. Other findings lent support to the
importance of (1) work demands to burnout over and above personality, (2) the mediating effects of cynicism in the experience of burnout, and (3) considering workers’ perceptions of the organization as resources against burnout


title: Alternative music : jazz and the performance resignification of identity in Ann-Marie MacDonald's Fall on Your Knees and Anthony Minghella's The Talented Mr. Ripley

subject:
Identity (Psychology) in literature
Sex role in literature
Identity (Philosophy) in literature

abstract:
In this thesis, I argue that Jazz, a music which finds its basis in improvisation, not
only functions as music, but as an extremely potent means of political resistance to a
number of systems by and through which identity is constructed, distributed, regulated, and
enforced. I also argue that, as a form of music and of resistance, jazz is, quite
paradoxically, a part of the very system(s) that work(s) to construct, distribute, regulate, and
enforce normative and/or compulsory categories of identity—but that resistance always
takes place within the systems that give normative and/or compulsory categories of identity
their intelligibility. And, finally, I argue that there exists a relationship between jazz and
Judith Butler's theory of gender performativity, which functions as a means by which to
unsettle and subvert foundational categories of gender, sexuality, and race. In the following
pages, I examine the ways in which two texts, Ann-Marie MacDonald's Fall On Your Knees
(1996) and Anthony Minghella’s The Talented Mr. Ripley (1999) highlight and dramatize
each of these precepts. While Fall On Your Knees illustrates the various ways jazz and
gender performativity work to subvert and unsettle foundational categories of identity. The
Talented Mr. Ripley, quite alternatively, illustrates the various ways in which jazz and
gender performativity sustain these same foundational categories of identity by allowing
Tom Ripley an entrance into normativity. Although each text—in which jazz and gender
performativity play and intricate role in the subversive practices of signification but are
unable to provide a number of characters a means of sustained and successful
subversion—ends on an ultimately dour note, the fact that subversion occurs at all is what
remains important.


title: Effects of nutrients conditions and solids retention time (SRT) on performance and membrane fouling of aerobic membrane bioreactors (MBRs)

subject:
Nutrient requirements
Industrial wastewater treatment
Sludge yield
Membrane bioreactor
Membrane fouling
Solids retention time
Extracellular polymeric substances
Soluble microbial products
Water purification

abstract: This thesis investigated the effect of chemical oxygen demand (COD) to nitrogen ratio (COD:N) in feed on the biological performance of aerobic membrane bioreactor (MBR). Meanwhile, the effects of nutrients condition (COD:N ratios) and solids retention time (SRT) (7, 12 and 20 days) on sludge properties and their role in membrane fouling were systematically studied using well-controlled aerobic membrane bioreactor receiving a synthetic high strength industrial wastewater containing glucose. The results showed an increased COD:N ratio from 100:5 to 100:2.5 and 100:1.8 had limited impact on COD removal efficiency and further led to a significant improvement in membrane performance, a reduced sludge yield, and improved effluent quality in terms of residual nutrients. The results suggest that an increased COD:N ratio will benefit the industrial wastewater treatment using membrane bioreactors by reducing membrane fouling and sludge yield, saving chemical costs, and reducing secondary hand pollution by nutrients. Membrane performance was improved with an increase in the COD:N ratio (e.g. reduced N dosage). Surface analysis of sludge by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) suggests that significant differences in the surface concentrations of elements C, O and N were observed under different COD:N ratios, implying significant differences in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) composition. A unique characteristic peak at 1735 cm -1 was observed under nitrogen limitation conditions by using Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Total EPS, proteins and the ratio of proteins to carbohydrates in EPS decreased with an increase in COD:N ratio, while carbohydrates in EPS increased with an increase in COD:N ratio. There were no significant differences in the total soluble microbial products (SMPs) but the ratio of proteins to carbohydrates in SMPs decreased with an increase in COD:N ratios. Sludge cake formation was the dominant mechanism of membrane fouling. Membrane performance was improved with an increase in SRT. Surface analysis of sludge by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) suggests that significant differences in the surface concentration of element C and N were observed under different SRTs, implying significant differences in EPS composition. A larger amount of total EPS was found at the lowest SRT (7 days) tested but the ratio of proteins to carbohydrates in EPS increased with an increase in SRT. Similarly, the quantity of SMPs decreased with an increase in SRT but the ratio of proteins to carbohydrates in SMPs increased with an increase in SRT. The quantity of total EPS, total SMPs, and proteins to carbohydrates ratios positively correlated to membrane fouling rates. Sludge cake formation is the dominant mechanisms of membrane fouling.


title: Modern transcendental vision of William Heyen

subject: Transcendentalism in literature

abstract:
This paper shall attempt to outline William Heyen's
Transcendental Vision. Chapter One, sections one to three, defines
Transcendentalism, explores the visions of two well known American
thinkers, Ralph Waldo Emerson and Walt Whitman, and shows how they
are important to Heyen's work. Chapter Two explores Heyen's
symbols and themes, specifically: Light, Prism and Vapour. Chapter
Three likewise explores. Tree, Wenzel and Machine. The final
section shall coalesce and conclude Heyen's modern Transcendental
vision.


title: Relationship between burnout, psychological empowerment, and gender role orientation in long term-care nurses

subject:
Burn out (Psychology)
Nurses Job satisfaction
Nurses Job stress

abstract:
The influence o f psychological empowerment and gender roles on burnout was
investigated. Ninety-six nurses employed at long-term care facilities completed the
Personal Attributes Questionnaire (Spence, Helmreich, & Stapp, 1974), Spreitzer’s
(1995) Psychological Empowerment Scale, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human
Services Survey (Maslach & Jackson, 1996). No significant associations were observed
between the perceived importance of empowerment factors and burnout. However, all
participants’ current (on-the-job) perceptions of empowerment were significantly related
to global burnout (rs = -.30 to -.54, ps < .001). Empowerment disparity scores (perceived
importance minus current perceptions) were even more strongly associated with burnout
scores (rs = .34 to .60, ps < .001). Dominance scores were significantly associated with
personal accomplishment scores (i = .38, p < .001) and global burnout scores (r = -.25, p
< .01). Affiliation was only related to depersonalization scores (r = -.27, p < .01).
Finally, the influence o f gender role on the relationship between empowerment and
burnout was examined using moderated regression analyses. Dominance and affiliation
moderated a number o f relationships, but the effects were modest (R2 changes < .052).
These findings highlight the importance of psychological empowerment as a factor
associated with burnout, and suggest that gender role might interact with empowerment.


title: Novel Hilbert Huang transform techniques for bearing fault detection

contributor:
Wang, Wilson
Tayebi, Abdelhamid

subject: Normalized Hilbert Huang Transform (NHHT)

subject: Enhanced Hilbert Huang Transform (eHHT)

subject: Ball bearing geometry

subject: Bearing defects

subject: Bearing fault detection technique

abstract:
Bearings are commonly used in rotary machinery; while up to half of machinery malfunctions could be related to bearing defects. A reliable bearing fault detection technique becomes vital to a wide array of industries to recognize an incipient bearing defect to prevent machinery performance degradation, malfunction, and unexpected breakdown. Many signal processing techniques have been suggested in literature to extract fault-related signatures for bearing fault detection, but most of them are not robust
in real-world bearing health condition monitoring when signal properties vary with time. Vibration signals generated from bearings can be either stationary or nonstationary. If bearing defect-related signature is stationary, it is relatively easy to analyze using these classical data analysis techniques. However, bearing nonstationary signals are much more complex to analyze using these classical signal processing techniques, especially when slippage has occurred. Reliable fault detection still remains a challenging task, especially when bearing defect-related features are nonstationary. Two alternative
approaches are proposed in this work for bearing fault detection: The first technique is based on analytical normality test, named Normalized Hilbert Haung Transform (NHHT). The second technique is based on information domain analysis, named enhanced Hilbert Haung Transform (eHHT). In the proposed NHHT technique, a novel strategy based on d’Agostino-Pearson normality analysis is suggested to demodulate feature functions and highlight feature characteristics for bearing fault detection. In the proposed eHHT, a novel strategy is proposed to enhance feature extraction based on the analysis of correlation and mutual information. The effectiveness of the proposed techniques is verified by a series of experimental tests corresponding to different bearing health conditions. Their
robustness in bearing fault diagnostic is examined by the use of data sets from a different experimental setup.


title: Substituent descriptors from the topology of the electron density

contributor:
Mawhinney, Robert
Floriano, Wely
Gottardo, Christine

abstract:
This work focuses on determining the suitability of functional group
properties from the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) as
descriptors for use in machine learning and linear regression analyses.
These were studied as an alternative to the conventionally used proxies
to substituent properties. QTAIM integrated group properties and local
critical point properties were studied for their suitability of use in these
applications.
The sensitivity of these properties to the choice of Density Functional Theory functional and basis set used for determining the density
was examined. The properties at other levels of theory were compared
to high-level B2PLYPD3-BJ/aug-cc-pV5Z data. Integrated properties are
well conserved between the different model chemistries, both in an absolute sense and in linear relationships to the reference values. Local
critical point properties are more sensitive to the level of theory, and
hybrid functionals with triple-ζ basis sets are recommended for their
evaluation. [...]


title: Canada's policy towards Communist China, 1949-1971

subject: Canada's relationship with Communist China

subject: Canada's foregin policy

subject: Recognition of Communist China

subject: Economic benefits

subject: Foreign trade

abstract:
The decision of the Canadian government in 1970 to recognize the People’s
Republic of China, which controlled Mainland China, as the official government of
China, as opposed to the Republic of China, which only controlled Taiwan, was the end
result of a process lasting more than two decades. In that time frame, Canada’s China
policy would undergo many different shifts. A close examination shows that these shifts
were closely linked to the shifting attitudes of successive Canadian leaders. Four different
prime ministers would serve in office during Canada’s recognition process, and the
inauguration of each prime minister signaled a shift in Canada’s China policy. The issue
of recognizing the People’s Republic of China was intertwined with several other issues
that were important to Canada. Among these were the economic potential of China,
Canada’s need for collective agreements to ensure its security, the desire of the United
States to influence Canadian policy, and the desire of Canadian officials to demonstrate
the independence of Canadian policy. Of the four prime ministers, three – Louis St.
Laurent, Lester Pearson, and Pierre Trudeau – advocated for opening relations with the
People’s Republic of China and one – John Diefenbaker – opposed it. Of the recognition
advocates, St. Laurent and Pearson did little to advance Canada-China relations to any
noticeable degree while Diefenbaker made some of the greatest advances in Canada-
China relations prior to the recognition of Beijing by the Trudeau government. All of
these leaders had publicly advocated specific policies towards Communist China, but
their actions frequently contradicted their arguments. Ultimately, practical issues drove
the decisions of these prime ministers, and shifts in policy were the result of the different
priorities of these leaders regarding the issues they viewed as being most important.


title: The contributions of creative cognition and schizotypal symptoms to creative achievement

subject: Creative ability

subject: Schizotypal personality disorder

subject: Creation (Literary, artistic, etc.) Psychological aspects

subject: Mental illness and creativity

abstract:
While previous research suggests people with sub-clinical levels of schizophrenic
symptoms achieve a greater number of creative accomplishments, the cognitive reasons
for higher proportions of creativity in this population are poorly understood. The
contention that there is a creative cognitive advantage in schizotypy has received mixed
support. It was hypothesized that accounting for complex relationships between (1)
creative cognition abilities (moderated relationships), and (2) creative cognition and
schizotypy variables (mediated, moderated, and curvilinear relationships) would
significantly increase the ability to predict creative accomplishment and provide a more
accurate survey of the schizotypic creative cognitive advantage. One hundred and
fourteen participants completed a creative problem solving measure, measures of
cognitive creative abilities (Remote Associates Test, a divergent thinking task, and a
deductive reasoning task) and measures of positive and negative symptoms of schizotypy
(Perceptual Aberration, Magical Ideation, Social Anhedonia and Physical Anhedonia).
Regression analyses supported the conception of a multi-stage process in which creative
cognition variables interact with each other to predict creative accomplishment. There
was no evidence of a creative cognitive advantage in schizotypy: people high in
schizotypy performing the same or worse than people reporting few schizotypic
symptoms on measures of creative cognition and accomplishment. As no mediator or
moderator effects were observed, the independence of cognitive creativity and schizotypy
suggests that if schizotypics are indeed more creative than normal controls it is because
of factors other than the cognitive ones surveyed in this investigation.


title: Afforesting marginal agricultural lands in Southern Ontario : an investigation into the effects of planting method and vegetation management on three-year growth and development of bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa Michx.), red oak (Querus rubra L.), and, black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.) plantations

contributor:
Wang, Jian
Pulkki, Reino
McLaren, Brian

subject:
Red oak
Ontario, Southern
Growth
Black cherry
Bur oak
Tree farms

abstract: Landowners in southern Ontario have become increasingly interested in afforesting marginal agricultural land. There are few appropriate, up-to-date research studies on afforestation practices to support current practice. Research into the growth and development of forests planted on marginal land has lagged substantially behind forest research in natural settings. Thus an opportunity exists to provide practical and relevant information to landowners to be used in the plantation management planning process.


title: Effects of postnatal taurine administration upon inhibitory-facilitatory behaviour of selectively bred strains of rats

subject:
Psychology, Experimental
Rats Behavior


title: Evaporation of highly charged waterdrops in the atmosphere

subject: Drops Electrostatics Evaporation

abstract:
The evaporation of charged waterdrops is accompanied by negligible
loss of charge; consequently, as the surface area falls, the electrostatic
pressure increases. When a critical value is reached, one or more highly
charged drops are ^ected, the electrostatic pressure falls, and stability
is regained.


title: Stand age structures of single and mixed-species of fire-origin boreal stands in central Canada

contributor:
Wang, Jian
Chen, Han
Brown, Ken

subject: Forest canopies Ontario, Northwestern

subject: Forest management Ontario, Northwestern

subject: Forests and forestry Ontario, Northwestern

abstract: Keywords : biodiversity, bimodal, boreal forest, cover type, developmental stage, old-growth, reverse-J, stand age structure, time since fire, wildlife habital, [disturbances, spruce budworm, wind, harvesting, logging].

abstract:
Stand age structure has been linked to wildlife habitat and can affect biodiversity.
Further, certain stand age structures (such as those associated with old-growth) are
valuable from an aesthetic and fiber supply perspective. A review and synthesis of
literature indicated that boreal forest stand age structure is influenced by time since stand
replacing fire, stand composition, and disturbances such as spruce budworm
(Choristoneura fumiferana) and wind. Silvicultural options and implications for
managing age structure at the stand and landscape level are discussed. My objectives
were to examine how stand age structure changes among stand developmental stages and
stand cover types.
I sampled living trees in 32 stands representing typical conifer, mixedwood, and
hardwood stand types in the central boreal forest region o f North America representing
the stem exclusion/canopy transition, canopy transition, canopy transition/gap dynamic,
and gap dynamic stages o f stand development. Using a 400 m2 plot in each stand as the
sampling unit, the diameter at breast height (DBH) o f all canopy trees (DBH >10 cm)
was measured. Five canopy trees in each diameter class ((1) 10-14.9 cm, (2) 15-19.9 cm,
(3) 20-24.9 cm, (4) 25-29.9 cm, and (5) > 30 cm) for each species were randomly
selected, and the height o f each tree was measured and an increment core was taken and aged. Three circular 25 m subplots were then randomly established within each 400m
plot and the diameter at root collar and height of all seedlings and saplings (DBH <10
cm) were measured and recorded. A disk was then taken at root collar and aged for 5
seedlings and saplings in each height class. Canopy trees and regeneration were then
summed to the plot level and scaled to per hectare.
The results suggest that stand age structure is variable with stand developmental
stages and stand cover type. Age distribution in conifer stands was bimodal in the stem
exclusion/canopy transition, bimodal in the canopy transition, reverse-J in the canopy
transition/gap dynamics, and finally bimodal in the gap dynamics. In the mixedwood
stands, similar to the conifers, stand age structure was bimodal in all the stand
developmental stages. In the hardwood stands, age structure was bimodal in the stem
exclusion/canopy transition, unimodal in the canopy transition stage, reverse-J in the
canopy transition/gap dynamics stage and finally bimodal in the gap dynamics stage.
Forest management activities such as partial harvesting, selection harvesting, and
seed-tree systems may diversify stand age structures at the stand and landscape levels,
benefiting wildlife and creating characteristics of old-growth. It is recommended that
quantitative old-growth be defined. I suggest using the following criteria to determine
old-growth in the boreal forest: (1) canopy breakdown of pioneering cohort is complete
and the stand is dominated by later successional tree species (2) the age structure of the
stand is bimodal, with dominating canopy trees that fall within a relatively narrow range
o f age and height classes and a significant amount of understory regeneration.


title: Impacts of timber harvesting on stream macroinvertebrate communities at different spatial scales in Ontario's boreal forest

contributor:
Mackereth, Robert
Hecnar, Stephen
Deacon, Ken

subject: Freshwater invertebrates Effect of logging on Ontario, Northwestern

subject: Stream animals Effect of logging on Ontario, Northwestern

subject: Freshwater insects Effect of logging on Ontario, Northwestern

subject: Timber harvesting

subject: Stream ecology

abstract: Study area: Wolf River, Mackenzie River, Spruce River and Nipigon 10 burn zone watersheds. These are tributaries of Lake Superior and lie within the northwestern Ontario boreal forest near Thunder Bay, Ontario. Sites were classified according to catchment size and disturbance adjacent to the stream... The effectiveness of macroinvertebrate indices for monitoring the effects of timber harvesting on stream habitat were determined as well as the influence of stream size and disturbance on community structure and physical habitat...

abstract:
Macroinvertebrates were collected from fifty-six stream segments (study sites). In
addition, collections were gathered from nine streams yearly and from five streams
repeatedly throughout one season. All stream segments or study sites were classified
according to catchment size and to disturbance adjacent to the stream (forested, harvested
or burnt). The study had two components. The first component determined the
effectiveness of macroinvertebrate based indices for monitoring the effects of timber
harvesting on stream habitat in Ontario’s boreal forest. The yearly and seasonal
variability (coefficient of variation (cv)) of various biomonitoring metrics were
determined from yearly and seasonal data sets. Seasonal and year to year variability was
high in all metrics except Percent Dominance, Percent Model Affinity and Percent
Diptera. To assess the sensitivity of various metrics to impairment, metric values from
disturbed sites were compared with values from reference sites and established scoring
criteria. When considered as a group, harvested sites did not differ from reference sites
for individual metrics. However, when sites were considered individually, impairment
was detected at some harvested locations. To assess the influence of stream size on the
various biomonitoring metrics two-way analysis of variance was used. All metrics
differed among catchment areas. Similarly, classification of reference communities by
catchment size reduced the standard error of metrics in many cases.
The second component of this study used more detailed multivariate and taxonomic
analyses to investigate harvesting impacts. Several specific questions were addressed.
Firstly, do stream size and disturbance (timber harvesting or burning) influence
macroinvertebrate community structure and physical habitat (discharge, temperature,
closed cover and substrate profile)? Secondly, do the aforementioned physical variables
influence macro invertebrate community structure? Finally, is the magnitude of a
disturbance impact dependent upon the size of the stream and type o f disturbance? A
relationship between macroinvertebrate community and disturbance adjacent to the
stream (forested, harvested or burnt) was not detected. Invertebrate community structure
was correlated to the physical habitat variables measured. Analyses detected variation in
macroinvertebrate community and habitat structure in relation to catchment area. The
variations observed in the macroinvertebrate community in relation to stream size were
similar to macroinvertebrate communities influenced by size selective predation patterns
in brook trout (Bechara et al. 1992).


title: Non-destructive evaluation for boreal tree species utilizing acoustic testing

subject:
Acoustic velocity boreal
Stress-wave propagation
Timber
Wood quality

abstract:
Standing trees pertain a level of uncertainty, in regards to yield and end-use. Thus, it may
be feasible to analyse the forest, at the ground level, in order to allocate the timber resources
accordingly. Through stress-wave propagation, a forester would attach a TreeSonic tester to the
cambium in order to determine the wood quality. Furthermore, deviations and defects change the
wave-speed (time-of-flight), where rot pockets, insect damage, and reaction wood can be
detected by the change of TOF. This information is useful in respects of veneer logs, where the
value is significantly higher compared to saw-logs or pulp. However, it is important to note that
within the Boreal Forest, diameter-class largely influences product consideration. Thus, the
broad objective of this thesis is to explore new market opportunities to give a competitive edge in
the market. Therefore, using acoustic testing is a feasible non-destructive evaluation (NDE), in
regard to efficiently assisting eFRI systems with wood quality. This is seen in the results, where
the acoustic velocity values resulted significant. These values were used to calculate a predicted
modulus of elasticity at 12%, which proved to have no significant difference from the actual
MOE recorded from the destructive testing. This means that NDE can provide an accurate way to
measure the “quality” of standing timber.


title: The effects of exogenous and endogenous gonadal hormones and hormonal sensitivity on eating disorder symptoms

subject:
Eating disorders
Eating disorder symptoms
Hormones
Oral contraceptive use

abstract: A previous study found that a history of oral contraceptive (OC) side effects was associated with greater body dissatisfaction and eating dysfunction (Bird & Oinonen, 2011). This finding contributes to the growing body of research that suggests an etiological role for gonadal hormones in eating disorder (ED) symptoms. The purpose of this study was to further examine: (a) the relationship between OC use and ED symptoms using a prospective design, and (b) the relationship between levels of endogenous gonadal hormones and ED symptoms. Six-hundred-forty-two female participants completed a questionnaire examining OC experiences, body dissatisfaction, and eating dysfunction.


title: Physicians' perceptions of elderly alcohol abuse

contributor:
Ruiperez, Raul
Kelley, Mary Lou
Hill, Terry L.

subject:
Aged Alcohol use
Alcoholism Ontario Thunder Bay
Aged Alcohol use Ontario Thunder Bay

abstract:
Alcohol abuse Is often hidden and unrecognized problem among
seniors. Although the degree of the aged affected by alcohol abuse may not be
extremely high, alcohol consumption appears to be particularly toxic In the
elderly, claiming a very high medical and social toll. For a large number of
elderly, primary care physicians are the most accessible professionals who can
diagnose and treat their drinking problems. However, research Indicates that
physicians are not assuming the role of diagnosing, referring or treating elderly
alcohol abusers with any regularity, effectiveness or enthusiasm. This study
examines the Issue of under-diagnosing of elderly alcohol abuse by primary
care physicians, and. specifically, seeks to answer the question: what are the
causes for the low recognition and treatment rate of elderly alcohol abuse by
primary care physicians?
Twenty-eight primary care physicians practicing in Thunder Bay, Ontario,
were questioned regarding their perceptions of elderly alcohol abuse. Attention
was given to physicians’ subjective assessment of the prevalence. Identification
and treatment rate of elderly alcohol abuse In their own practices. An Important
part of the study was the examination of physicians’ self-perceived attitudes
toward elderly alcohol abuse. The results Indicate that the cause for the low
recognition and treatment rate of elderly alcohol abuse by primary care
physicians Is multifactorial, with many of the factors being Interrelated. The
identified factors are: lack of training on alcohol abuse In medical schools, low
attendance at continuing medical education seminars on alcohol abuse,
negative attitudes toward elderly alcohol abuse, lack of time/large patient load,
and existing treatment programs perceived as non-effective.


title: Lived experiences of senior students returning to university

subject:
College students
Adult education
Older people Intellectual life

abstract:
This phenomenological study of six purposively selected senior students, over the age of sixty,
explored their learning experiences at a small regional university. Participant profiles created
from the students' own words, generated in the interview transcripts framed the data analysis. From
the constant comparative analysis of the transcripts, an overarching theme of learning emerged.
During the analyses and interpretation, three sub-themes emerged. The first two sub-themes
represented the outer realities of the participants' life worlds. The outer realities, common to
all participants were lifelong learning and personal performance. However, the participants' inner
realities served to integrate their life-worlds. In this study, inner realities were explored using
tact, which is a 'thinkingly feeling' process melding the head and the heart (van Manen, 1995).
Refinement of the data and returning to the literature led to the final sub-theme of fulfilment
intertwined with generativity. The participants experienced a sense of happiness as they were
learning at university. They also expanded their generativity while learning among younger stu9ents
and nurturing younger members of their families. Implications include the need for research in
classroom-based studies of seniors' learning experiences, the use of focus group methods for
seniors' collective input, the need for curriculum development and support systems for senior
learners and policy development and implementation based on
research.