title: Green Belt Movement of Kenya : a gender analysis

subject:
Women Kenya Social conditions
Women in development Kenya
Environmental policy Kenya

abstract:
The Green Belt Movement of Kenya is an environmental conservation
movement that began in 1977 as a project of women planting trees. It has since
grown into a popular movement in Kenya expanding its goals of environmental
rehabilitation to include broader socio-political issues in the Kenyan context. To
date the GBM has been the subject of studies, which have analysed various
phases of its development. However, these studies have paid limited attention
to the gendered aspects of the movement, despite the GBMs central focus on
the mobilization of women. It Is the gendered nature of the movement that this
study has sought to explore in more depth.
This is a qualitative case study, which relies on documentary analysis of
primary and secondary sources of information on the GBM. Ecofeminist and
WED perspectives drawn from feminist theorizing and research which show the
links between gender and the environment are used to explore how gender
issues have influenced the evolution of the GBM. In particular, the social
constructionist insights on the relationship between women and the
environment highlighted by these theories are used to emphasize the broader
context that has shaped women's engagement in environmental issues. The
themes explored include how gender roles and gendered social organizations
have influenced the structure of the GBM, as well as rights to resource access
and management and gender politics in a broader Kenyan context.
The study concludes that women's involvement in the GBM is rooted in a
complex ideological and material reality, which underlies existing social,
economic and political structures in Kenya. I argue that women's initiatives
within the GBM are related to both livelihood strategies, and to gender
inequality and social justice issues in Kenya. Thus attention to gender is critical
for any analysis of the GBM as a social, political and environmental movement.


title: Improving power of L1 data cache and register file utilizing critical path instructions

contributor:
Atoofian, Ehsan
Manzak, Ali

subject:
Random access memory
Microprocessors - design & construction
Switching power supplies
L1 data cache
Critical path instructions
Superscalar processor

abstract:
As transistor’s feature size shrinks, power becomes one of the limiting factors in design of modern processors. Cache and register file are the two power hungry components in processors, consuming more than one third of total processors’ power budget. In this thesis, we propose new architectures for cache and register file to reduce power consumption. In the new architectures, we have SRAM cells operating at two different voltage levels and we change the structure of the cells so that they dynamically switch between nominal and reduced supply voltage.
Since power is proportional to voltage squared, an effective method to reduce power is lowering supply voltage. However, one of the side effects of using SRAM cells with reduced voltage is performance penalty. As supply voltage reduces, it takes longer to read/write from/to an SRAM cell. In this thesis, we exploit critical path instructions to overcome the performance impact of voltage scaling. Critical path instructions are chain of dependent instructions that constrain speed of processors. Those cells that are accessed frequently by critical instructions are assigned to use nominal supply voltage to preserve performance. On the other side, the cells that are seldom accessed by critical instructions are assigned to low supply voltage to reduce power consumption. To reduce overhead of voltage switching, we monitor critical instructions within long intervals and adjust the voltage of cells only when the intervals are elapsed.
We have evaluated our optimization techniques using a combination of circuit and architectural simulators. First, we used HSPICE to measure both dynamic and static power and also latency of SRAM cells for nominal and reduced supply voltages. Then, the results from HSPICE were fed into Simplescalar for architectural evaluations. Our simulation results reveal that the low power cache and register file reduce power consumption significantly with negligible impact on performance.


title: Modeling uncertain demand in wood pellet supply chains: a case study from Northern Ontario

subject: Wood pellet production and characteristics

subject: ENplus certification

subject: Industries Lacwood

subject: Value chain and supply chain management of wood pellets

abstract: This thesis aims to enable Canadian wood pellet producers with the opportunity to offer competitive pricing through optimization of their value chains and supply chains, by employing an operational-level decision support tool (DST). Improving the competitiveness of Canada’s individual wood pellet manufacturers will ultimately improve Canada’s position amidst the rapidly developing global wood pellet market. Primary information is used from a case study of Industries Lacwood (ILW), in Hearst, ON; a firm that produces wood pellets using residue generated from processing of its primary wood items. The specific objectives of this study are to: 1) Determine how to optimize the operations of a wood pellet producer, through a comparison of three different gross margin (GM) optimization models, given uncertain demand conditions. These three models will illustrate why it is important to utilize inventory and a variable production rate, in order to most effectively optimize the GM of a pellet producer, given uncertain consumer demand. 2) Produce 100 demand datasets (to satisfy the Central Limit Theorem) for pellet 1 and pellet 2 and run these datasets through each of the three models created for objective 1. Compare the GM results of the three models and demonstrate why the operational environment specified in model 2 should be used for GM optimization of wood pellet producers, and will be used for further analysis. 3) Generate stochastic demand schedules for pellets by averaging the 100 demand datasets produced for objective 2. Use these stochastic demand schedules as the base case demand input values for model 2, along with other standard input values (obtained from ILW). Benchmark output values of production, inventory and unfulfilled demand generated from these standard inputs are compared with output values of production, inventory and unfulfilled demand generated from the variable inputs of 11 different scenarios. These comparisons will illustrate how model 2 is a comprehensive DST that the operational-level managers of wood pellet producers may use to achieve optimal GMs for the producer, under uncertain demand conditions and with other variable input factors. The results show that the model is most sensitive to fluctuations in demand, supply and inventory holding costs.


title: Physician teacher perceptions of undergraduate medical students' four week integrated community experience / by Marsha Ann Reinikka.

contributor:
van Barneveld, Christina
Black, Kathy
Shores, Jay

subject:
Medical students
Physicians - Training of
Medicine - Study and teaching
Northern Ontario School of Medicine

abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions of Northern Ontario physician-teachers with regard to second-year medical students who participated in a Northern Ontario Medicine (NOSM) four-week integrated community experience. A questionnaire, with follow-up interviews, was given to the physician-teachers to determine their perception of the impact of the NOSM students on the physician-teacher's medical practice, the participation of the students in the community, and the student performance on selected areas of the curriculum. Physician-teachers reported that the students had a small negative impact on the productivity of their practice and a positive impact on the professional aspects of their practice. The physician-teachers perceived that the second-year NOSM students participated in the community as much or more than third- and fourth-year elective students from other medical schools. The physician-teachers reported that the performance of the NOSM second-year students on selected areas of the curriculum was as good, if not better, than third- and fourth-year students on elective placements from other medical schools. Implications of results are discussed in reference to the key stakeholders.


title: Genetic variation in traits affecting the water relations of balsam poplar along a latitudinal transect in Northwestern Ontario

subject:
Forest genetics
Poplar Ontario, Northwestern
Plant-water relationships
Populus balsamifera L.
Genetic variation
Field and greenhouse conditions

abstract:
Genetic variation In traits potentially affecting the waterrelations
of balsam poplar (PopuIus balsamifera L.) clones from
four provenances along a transect from northern Wisconsin to
Pickle Lake in northwestern Ontario was examined both in the
field and In the greenhouse. Traits measured were transpiration
rates, stomatal conductance, internode length, average single-leaf
abaxial area and oven-dry weight, specific leaf weight, and
stomatal density and length. Additional traits measured In the
greenhouse provenance trial were shoot length, number of leaves
per plant, total abaxial leaf area per plant, total oven-dry root,
shoot and leaf weight, and oven-dry root/shoot weight ratio. Most
of the observed variation in traits was attributable to clones
within provenances and to ramets within clones. As much as
eighty-five percent of the observed variation was attributable to
variation among and within clones within provenances. The
provenance effect had a significant Influence on leaf size and
morphology traits, with an apparent north-south clinical trend.
Leaves from northern sources were smaller In area, lighter In
weight, and were thicker than leaves from southern sources. As
expected stomatal conductance was positively correlated with
measured transpiration rates. The only other trait significantly
correlated with transpiration rates was stomatal length, and this
only occurred in the greenhouse provenance trial. Larger stomata
were associated with higher rates of transpiration.


title: Higher order discretization of elliptic partial differential equations

subject:
Differential equations, Partial
Differential equations, Elliptic

abstract:
Higher order finite difference methods are discussed with respect
to speed and accuracy when used in the solution of elliptic partial
differential equations.
Although fast direct methods for solving elliptic partial
differential equations are currently often discussed in the literature,
the methods usually lean towards using the conventional five-point
differencing on a uniform rectangular mesh which gives rise to block
tridiagonal and tridiagonal matrices of Toeplitz form. For the solution of large linear systems which result from the use of a
finite difference formula involving more mesh-points, the matrix
equation
XA + AY = F
is used instead of the usual composite matrix approach. Although
the matrices involved become less sparse, the operation count remains
0(n[superscript 3] ) when using an n x n mesh. However, for a comparable accuracy, n is much smaller for a higher order finite difference formula than
that required for a standard five-point formula.


title: Caring for carers: investigating the impact of an 8-week MI-via-CALC intervention on the health and experiences of caregivers of children with a disability

contributor:
Pearson, Erin
Walker, Diane
Mantler, Tara

subject:
Caregiver health
Caregivers (psychological health)
Life coaching

abstract:
Caregivers provide immeasurable and unmatched support to children with a
disability (CWD), assisting with instrumental activities of daily living, often across the lifespan.
Caregiver demands and unhealthy coping behaviours likely contribute to large and unfavourable
health disparities experienced among caregivers of CWD (CCWD). To reduce the occurrence of
preventable health conditions and increase caregiver ability, it is vital to intervene as early as
possible to encourage health-promoting behaviours and promote wellness in this at risk
population.
The purpose of this mixed-methods pre-experimental pilot study was to investigate the
impact of an 8-week telephone-based Motivational Interviewing via Co-Active Life Coaching
(MI-via-CALC) intervention on the health of CCWD living in Northwestern Ontario.
Psychosocial, physical, and behavioural health constructs were assessed. Caregiving and studyrelated experiences were also explored to contextualize the population and understand their
intervention involvement. [...]


title: Parks Canada's National Marine Conservation Areas : Can we sink a ship in these waters to create an artificial reef and dive site?

subject: Artificial reef

subject: Canada National Marine Conservation Areas Act

subject: Conservation and use

subject: Marine policy in Parks Canada

subject: Marine protected areas

subject: National marine conservation areas

abstract: Current marine policy in Parks Canada indicates that creating an artificial reef for display purposes or sinking a vessel for recreational diving is not permitted in a national marine conservation area. Interviews and consultations of lawyers and experts in artificial reefs, environmental law, and Parks Canada policy were conducted; and historical and interpretive analyses of Parks Canada marine policy and domestic and international law were completed. The combined rich data was used to determine whether new marine policy developed under the recent National Marine Conservation Areas Act, 2002 could contain the same prohibition against sinking a ship or creating an artificial reef as the current policy. The results indicated that current policy trends seem to favour visitor experience, that the conservation mandate serves the "for the people" mandate, that the precautionary principle found within the NMCA Act is designed to change with societal norms, and that the NMCA Act itself does not prohibit the creation of an artificial reef provided it does not harm the marine ecosystem.


title: Ski jumping flight : a kinematic analysis of the mid-flight and preparation for landing phases

subject: Ski jumping Physiological aspects

abstract:
Competitive success in the sport of ski jumping is made possible through the
optimal performance of junkers during flight. While the flight phase has been the subject
of several scientific investigations, there remain many questions concerning the
optimization of this most important phase.
The purpose of this study was to identify and quantify specific kinematic variables
of both the mid-flight and the preparation for landing phases of ski jumping flight.
Secondly, the study sought to examine the statistical contribution of variables in both
phases to the distance jumped. Finally, an attempt was made to develop a model which
would provide a general view of the structure of the relationships among analyzed
variables.
The subjects for this investigation were 50 highly skilled nordic combined
competitors participating in the 1996 World Cup K-88 event. Fourty trials from the first
round of competition were selected for inclusion in the data analysis.
The data for the 40 analyzed subjects was collected using two cameras mounted
on Peak Performance Pan and Tilt Heads. The jumpers were taped as they passed through
the field of view, from 55 to 85 meters on the jump hill. The Pan and IHt hardware
enabled the data to be collected over a wide field of view which resulted in the analysis of
both the mid-flight and preparation for landing phases. Values for the distance jumped
and the inrun velocity were collected from the official results printed by the FIS
competition committee.
The Peak Performance 3D Video Analysis System was used to extract the
horizontal and vertical coordinates for a 19 point segmental model The center of truss
was calculated for the model, which included the masses of skis, helmets and boots. Data was smoothed and processed to compute linear displacements and velocities and angular
displacements in the three planes of motion. Statistical treatment of the raw kinematic
data was performed using the appropriate computer programs from SPSS.
Correlation analyses were conducted on the variables of the mid-flight and
preparation for landing phases to determine the strength of any relationships between the
selected variables and distance jumped. Both frill and stepwise regression analyses were
conducted on the two analyzed phases of fright to assess the predictability of the
dependent variable, distance jumped. Also, a varimax rotated factor analysis was
developed for each of the mid-flight and preparation for landing phases to examine the
complex intercorrelations between independent variables.
The results of the study revealed the kinematic variables that are associated with
increasing the distance jumped. A general model of the relationships between independent
variables and their contribution to the distance jumped gave insight into the traits that may
be optimized in order to improve ski jump performance. The results of the mid-flight
phase suggested that, in order to increase distance jumped, athletes should attain a
compact, forward flight position with a small angle of attack, optimize previous
movements in order to achieve a high flight curve, and maximize the inrun velocity. The
preparation for landing results indicate that the best jumpers had an open flight position
and a greater negative vertical velocity. Flight positions in both analyzed phases were
observed to have a large effect on aerodynamic factors and the distance jumped.


title: Lead oxide (PbO) for direct conversion fluoroscopic detectors

contributor:
Reznik, Alla
Das, Gautam
Linhananta, Apichart

subject:
X-ray imaging
PbO
Fluoroscopic detectors

abstract:
Polycrystalline Lead Oxide (PbO) is being investigated as a photoconductive
materials for application as X-ray-to-charge transducer in direct conversion x-ray
detectors used in fluoroscopy and radiology. Previous usage of PbO films in Plumbicon
vacuum tubes for optical imaging ensures its appropriate photoconductive properties. In
combination with high X-ray absorption coefficient due to high atomic number of Pb and
the theoretically established conversion gain together indicates high potential for
radiological medical imaging application.
Although very promising, at the current stage of development of PbO
photoconductive layers thick enough for X-ray imaging applications have not yet
achieved the expected conversion efficiency and not yet shown adequate temporal
behavior for fluoroscopic applications: PbO suffers from image "lag” (i.e. the residual
current following an x-ray pulse) and high dark current that limits the application of
electric fields to below 3.5 V/μm, which is a major factor preventing the attainment of
high conversion efficiency.


title: Pulp and paper mill bacteria as a potential source of novel encapsulation materials / by Peter R. Godin.

contributor:
Schraft, Heidi
Leung, Kam
Chen, Aicheng

subject:
Bacteria - Isolates
Biofilms
Bacterial growth

abstract: "A total of 194 bacteria were isolated from pulp and paper biofilms from a mill in Thunder Bay, Canada. Diversity of the 194 bacteria indicated that the amounts of bacteria found in these biofilms may be influenced by seasonal factors. From this stock of 194 bacteria, 55 isolates were preliminarily screened for their carbohydrate quantity and flocculation ability with hopes of identifying isolates that may be capable of producing an extracellular polymeric substance that could be used as a novel encapsulation material. Four isolates, 1, 2, 8, and 34 were selected from the carbohydrate screening and they were identified as a Flavobacterium sp. (isolate 1), Pseudomonas sp. (isolate 2), and a Sphingomonas sp. (isolate 34). Unfortunately, isolate 8 identity could not be confirmed using 16s rDNA sequencing and biochemical testing. Isolates 1 and 34 carbohydrate was harvested and lyophilized in attempts to create gels. Following gelation experiments using different concentrations of bacterial carbohydrate along with cation addition to the solution, it was observed that isolate 1 carbohydrate produced semi-solid gels at 2.0 and 1.0% w/v concentrations when FeC1 3 was added. Both isolate 1 and 34 carbohydrates appeared to enhance gelation of non-gelling concentrations of the known polysaccharides Gellan and Xanthan when mixed gel experiments were conducted.  "--Abstract


title: Women in power: learning through climate emergency declarations in Canada

subject:
Climate change education
Climate change policymaking
Ecofeminism
Gender and climate change in Canada

abstract:
This thesis is a qualitative inquiry that explores women decision-makers’ learning within the
climate emergency declaration movement across Canada. Guided by a critical and feminist
methodological approach to social movement learning, this study integrates gender and climate
justice with climate change education and politics by asking the following research question:
What and how are women decision-makers learning through their experience within the climate
emergency declaration movement? Data consisted of qualitative interviews with ten women
decision-makers who were directly involved in the climate emergency declaration movement
within various governments and places across Canada. This research provided rich insights into
the personal, professional, and political learning opportunities they experienced in these contexts.
Nature connections, emotional responses to climate change, and family matters were important
factors that influenced participants’ motivations and learning experiences. Participants learned
about, and embodied, alternative worldviews including a climate lens, climate-engaged youths’
perspectives, and Indigenous knowledge systems. Material power, governmental powers,
relationships, the COVID-19 pandemic, and gender are five power structures that participants
also experienced and learned about through the involvement in the climate emergency
declaration movement. Recommendations for future research include critical exploration of the
integration of climate change education and climate change policymaking by various people
working in diverse places to better understand the opportunities for and barriers to taking
institutional-level climate action.


title: Assessment of the differences in staff beliefs about sustance abuse in mental health and addiction treatment centres

subject: Substance abuse (Treatment, Public opinion)

subject: Drug abuse (Treatment, Public opinion)

subject: Alcoholism (Treatment, Public opinion)

subject: Mental health & addictions

subject: Addictions education & training

abstract:
This study sought to ascertain whether staff in mental health and addiction treatment centres in
Thunder Bay, Ontario, endorsed a disease, eclectic or psychosocial approach with respect to their
beliefs about the etiology and appropriate treatment of substance abuse. The Short
Understanding of Substance Abuse Scale (SUSS) was administered to treatment staff from
various disciplines to assess their beliefs about addiction. Two hundred and fifty-five
questionnaire packages were distributed and one hundred and fifteen were completed. This
yielded a response rate of 45 %. Sister Margaret Smith Centre treatment staff, addictions
employees, counsellors, and staff with higher levels of addictions training were more likely to
have a history of drug or alcohol problems. As well, treatment staff with a history of drug and/or
alcohol problems, employees with lower education levels, and medical staff were found to score
higher on the disease model of addiction. It is important to recognize that the disease model still
plays a strong role in shaping beliefs about substance abuse.


title: Context-aware mobile learning on the semantic web / by Xiaoyun Zhang.

subject: Context-aware computing

subject: Mobile communication systems in education

subject: Semantic Web

abstract: Progress made in Semantic Web technologies and Ubiquitous Computing has lead to the development of mobile learning services that can adapt to the learner's background, learner's needs, and surrounding environment. In particular, the emerging techniques from these two technologies have the potential to revolutionize the way mobile learning services available on the web are discovered, adapted, and delivered according to context. Context acquisition and management, conceptual knowledge modeling and reasoning, and adaptive services discovery are the main ingredients for designing such context-aware mobile learning systems. However, a number of challenges are still facing the research community in this field. These can be summarized in the following: (i) current mobile learning services act as passive components rather than active components that can be embedded with context awareness mechanisms, (ii) existing approaches for service composition neglect contextual information on surrounding environment, and (iii) lack of context modeling and reasoning techniques for integrating the various contextual features for better personalization. In this thesis an attempt is made to solve the above-mentioned problems. These challenges are addressed by proposing a personalized mobile learning system based on a global ontology space to aggregate and manage context information related to the learner, the used device, the surrounding environment, and the task at hand. The system adopts a unified reasoning mechanism, around the global ontology space, in order to adapt the learning sequence and the learning content based on the learner profile and the perceived contextual information. The adopted approach for ontology reasoning aims at achieving two types of adaptations--system-centric adaptation and--learner-centric adaptation. These are implemented on a Run-Time Environment that identifies new contextual changes and translates them into new adaptation constraints. We developed and tested our system on a number of subject-domain ontologies using various learning scenarios, and the obtained experimental results are very promising.


title: Tissue culture system facilitates examination of gene expression during breakage of vegetative dormancy in the potato tuber shoot apical meristem

subject:
Vegetative dormancy and agriculture
Postharvest physiology
Potato physiology
Microtuber model systems

abstract: While the shoot apical meristem's role during dormancy emergence in seeds is relatively well-understood, molecular factors governing vegetative endodormancy and sprouting in tuberous plants have not been well studied. A microtuber culture system was developed in order to study dormancy emergence in the shoot apical meristem of the potato (Solanum tuberosum). Microtubers were induced from subcultured shoot internodes, grown for 9 weeks, then harvested.


title: Audience Response to Photovoice as a Mental Illness Antistigma Intervention

contributor:
Maranzan, Amanda
Tan, Josephine
Stroink, Mirella
Stuart, Heather

format: application/pdf application/pdf

subject: Mental illness stigma

subject: Social cognitive components of stigma

subject: Social cognitive models of mental illness stigma

subject: Mental illness antistigma intervention

subject: Effectiveness of antistigma interventions

abstract: The present study examined the effectiveness and efficacy of a novel antistigma intervention in reducing mental illness stigma, as well as the role of audience empathy as a mediator of stigma reduction following antistigma intervention. Study 1 examined the effectiveness of an antistigma intervention developed through grassroots collaboration between the Canadian Mental Health Association and individuals that have experienced mental illness. This intervention was unique in that it featured a multimodal format that combined psychoeducation, live contact, and a Photovoice video, which has not been examined as an antistigma intervention in the literature to date. Fifty-two students viewed the intervention and completed measures of mental illness stigma at both pre- and post-intervention. Results showed that participants reported decreased mental illness stigma from pre- to post-intervention. Study 2 built off of these findings to examine the efficacy of the Photovoice video as a standalone online antistigma intervention. Online antistigma videos have not been widely researched in the literature, despite the low-cost and dissemination benefits associated with an online video format. Three hundred and three students were randomly assigned to either the Photovoice video (n = 156) or a control video (n = 147). Results indicated that the Photovoice video was efficacious in reducing mental illness stigma, including reduced fear, anger, perceived dangerousness, and desired social distance between pre- and post-intervention, relative to the control. In addition, 104 participants (Photovoice = 56; control = 48) returned to complete follow-up measures at 1-month post-intervention. Photovoice was efficacious in maintaining reduced desired social distance relative to the control, indicative of a continued willingness to interact with individuals that have a mental illness. Finally, viewer empathy was found to mediate the relationship between the Photovoice intervention and reduced mental illness stigma, suggesting that the Photovoice video reduced mental illness stigma by eliciting empathy in the viewer. Implications for the development of antistigma interventions are discussed, as well as limitations of the study and directions for future research.


title: Predictors of chronological-subjective age discrepancies in younger and older adults

subject:
Aging Psychological aspects
Aged Psychology

abstract:
Past research indicates that as individuals age, they begin to perceive themselves
as subjectively younger than their chronological ages (Linn & Hunter, 1979; Montepare
& Lachman, 1989; Staats, 1996). The present study examined four classes of predictors
of chronological-subjective age discrepancies in both older and younger adults, ages 21
to 95: (1) psychological, four sources of self-efficacy, self-esteem, and life satisfaction;
(2) ageist stereotypes', (3) health factors, the number of health conditions, exercise
(perceived & objective measures) and perceived health, and; (4) demographic
characteristics, gender, chronological age, retirement status and marital status.
Discrepancies between chronological and subjective age were investigated using a
modified version of the Cognitive Age Scale items of feel-age and look-age. Contrary to
prediction the psychological variables were not the strongest predictors of chronological-subjective
age discrepancies. Perceived health and perceived activity predicted feel-age
discrepancies, whereas perceived activity and self-efficacy (mastery experiences),
predicted look-age discrepancies. Supplementary analyses indicated that all age groups
reported feeling younger than their chronological ages and that there were psychological
benefits associated with feeling subjectively younger.


title: Genetic variation in height and diameter of tamarack (Larix Laricina) and their correlation with syllepsis

contributor:
Farmer, Robert E.
Brown, K. M.
Parker, W. H.

subject:
Tamarack genetics
Broad sense heritability
Silvics and ecology of tamarack

abstract:
The broad sense heritability of total height, annual height increment, diameter, volume index
and syllepsis of II provenances of tamarack in northwestern Ontario were examined. Genetic and
Pearson Product Moment correlations among these characters were also examined. Broad sense
heritability ranged from O.I3 at age three to 0.36 at age 11 for total height among provenances.
Broad sense heritability within individual provenances generally increased from age three to age II
but showed no geographic trend. Genetic age-age correlation between total height at ages three and
1I was 0.61. Number of sylleptic long shoots at age three and four correlated better with height at
age II than height at the early ages. Good correlation between height and diameter suggests that
both height and diameter could be improved by selecting for total height.


title: Arousal imagery effects on competitive state anxiety and performance of the soccer penalty kick

subject:
Soccer Psychological aspects
Performance anxiety
Sports Psychological aspects

abstract: Study participants: 2 soccer teams in Northwestern Ontario (age 13-18 years).

abstract:
Some athletes perceive competitive state anxiety as unhelpful and negative to
performance while it energizes and excites others. Perceptions o f anxiety affect motor
performance, consequently it is important to develop strategies which are able to modify
athletes negative perceptions. Imagery is used as a common intervention for preparing athletes
for performance. Its motivational function refers to images related to physiological and
emotional arousal. Most imagery research has primarily been implemented for skill
development/learning of motor skills, and has not investigated the effects o f motivational
arousal imagery on competitive state anxiety. The aims of this study were to determine the
effects of an 8 week imagery intervention based on the motivation general arousal element of
Paivio’s (1985) analytical framework of imagery effects in: (a) modifying perceptions of
anxiety from negative to positive, and (b) improving performance o f the penalty kick. Using a
treatment (imagery) and no treatment (no imagery) design, two male and two female
representative youth soccer teams (N = 46) completed a modified version o f the Competitive
State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2D) five minutes before taking five penalty kicks. The
CSAI-2D assesses both intensity and direction (debilitative-facilitative) of the state anxiety
response. Participants (n = 28) who reported debilitative state anxiety as indicated by the
CSAI-2D were then allocated to imagery (n = 14) and no imagery (n = 14) groups
Debilitative state anxiety was assessed using CSAI-2D directional scores. Individuals who
scored less than 36 on cognitive or somatic directional scales were considered debilitative.
Following the 8 week intervention participants were again assessed on penalty kick
performance. Two-way analysis of variance (Group x Time) with repeated measures on the second factor revealed no significant interactions for cognitive anxiety; somatic anxiety; or
self-confidence intensity and direction subscales. Main effects were revealed for cognitive
anxiety direction (E(i,27) = 6.68, p < .05) and self-confidence intensity (E(i,27) = 4.54, p < .05).
The analysis was unable to demonstrate performance effects arising from imagery or no
imagery exposure. This study indicates that using motivational arousal imagery may not be a
compatible treatment for restructuring negative interpretations of state anxiety towards taking
soccer penalty kicks.


title: Expression of oxidative stress response genes in Campylobacter jejuni biofilms / by David Andrew Brookes.

contributor:
Schraft, Heidi
Law, David
Matheson, Carney

subject: Campylobacter jejuni Effect of stress on

subject: Biofilms

abstract:
'Campylobacter jejuni' is a Gram-negative microaerophilic bacterium that is widely believed to be the number one cause of food borne gastroenteritis and diarrhea caused by bacteria. The ability to form biofilms may provide protection from oxygen by increasing the expression of genes responsible for oxidative stress protection. The genes that were tested were the ' Alkyl Hydroperoxide Reductase C (ahpC), Ferrodoxin (fdxA), Catalyse (katA) ', and 'Super Oxide Dismutase (sodB) genes, 16S rRNA' and 'Gyrase (gyrA) genes'. When 'C. jejuni' planktonic and biofilms cells were tested in microaerobic conditions there was no statistically significant differences in the expression of ' ahpC (p=0.139), katA (p=0.065), or sodB (p=0.136). There were differences mfdxAfdxA (p=0.008), gyrA (p=0.048), and 16S rRNA (p=0.002). Two methods of qRT-PCR were tested; there was no statistically significant difference between using an ABI Prism 7000,
or the Cepheid Smart Cycler (p=0.776). There were also no differences between the use of either a One-Tube or Two Tube RT-PCR protocol (p=0.388). Differences were found in the ahpC (p=0.007), fdxAfdxA (p<0.001), and sodB (p<0.001) genes of C. jejuni when
grown in aerobic or microaerobic biofilms.


title: Curvature-density functional theory of shape transformation in vesicles of two-component lipid systems

subject: Bilayer lipid membranes

abstract:
The shape transformations and composition variation of two-component model
lipid membrane isolated vesicles are studied. These are studied as aggregates in low
concentration solutions so that the vesicles are isolated from each other and interaction
effects can be ignored. The seminal work of Julicher and Lipowsky derived a curvaturefunctional
free energy, which has predicted or verified many of the experimentally
observed behaviors of model vesicles. One aspect that has not been well explored is the
composition variation of the liquid domains. In this work, the theory of Julicher and
Lipowsky is modified to include couplings between the curvature and composition but
the shape of the vesicle is restricted to include only ellipsoids of varying degree of
eccentricity and constant area. We also introduce a free energy to describe bilayered
micelles (“bicelles”). The energetics of this structure is studied and phase diagrams are
found for various vesicle-bicelle transitions. The properties of liquid domains, including
compositional variations with temperature are also discussed. These results are then
compared to experiments on vesicles and bicelles using small angle neutron scattering
and nuclear magnetic resonance.


title: Rock magnetic studies of the CY-4 drillhole through the Troodos ophiolite, Cyprus

subject:
Paleomagnetism Cyprus Troodos Mountains
Troodos Mountains (Cyprus)
Geomagnetism Cyprus Troodos Mountains

abstract:
Rock magnetic properties of 50 specimens from a continuous section through the lower
layers of the Troodos ophiolite in the CY-4 drill hole, reveal an alteration and palaeomagnetic
history consistent with ocean spreading. Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS), low
temperature demagnetization (LTD), high temperature demagnetization (TD), distinct Curie and
Neel temperatures and hysteresis were the main rock magnetic techniques and were supplemented
by thin section microscopy.


title: Brain Injury Rehabilitation Services (Inc.) program evaluation

subject: Brain damage Patients Rehabilitation Ontario

subject: Brain Wounds and injuries Ontario

abstract:
This study is a qualitative evaluation of a community based social
service agency whose mandate is to provide services for persons living with
the effects of head injury. Designed to describe program operations from the
perspective of the stakeholder groups, the study was conducted over a nine
month period.
Brain Injury Rehabilitation Services (Inc.) is a community based,
rehabilitative program for persons with a head injury. The program consists
of an Interim Learning centre, a District Treatment Program and an Outreach
component. BIRS attempts to provide support for individuals with a head
injury. Individualized plans of service are developed, in part based on
neuropsychological functional assessments traditionally available to survivors
of head injury. Methods included a review of BIRS records, interviews, home
visits and observations. The researcher’s work was guided by a set of
research questions that were to be addressed with a purposive sampling of
clients, their families and significant others, staff, board members, government
officials, external agency personnel and agency personnel providing similar
services in other parts of the province. Questions focused on determining
"how" BIRS was operating vs determining outcome of intervention. The
findings describe how unplanned change can affect internal and external


title: Electroencephalographic response to a body image exposure

subject:
Body image
Appearance dissatisfaction
Body image exposure
Frontal asymmetry
Body weight dissatisfaction

abstract: Body and appearance dissatisfaction have been common topics of study in psychological research. Another area of research that may have implications for these topics is that of frontal asymmetry; the greater relative activity in either the right or left frontal lobe. Action-oriented mindsets have been associated with changes in frontal activity. This study examined the effect of an appearance-related, action-oriented mindset on frontal cortical asymmetry while males and females viewed pictures of themselves in two-dimensions (2D) and three-dimensions (3D). Ninety-seven male and female participants completed this study. During their initial lab visit, participants had their pictures taken. Participants returned to the lab to view the pictures and were fitted with an electroencephalogram (EEG) in order to record brain activity while undergoing either a no-mindset or an action-oriented mindset induction. Results indicated effects of mindset induction, dimensionality of picture presentation order, and dispositional body image satisfaction on frontal and parietal asymmetry. State changes in affect and body image satisfaction were also predicted by state changes in frontal and parietal asymmetry. For the findings pertaining to frontal asymmetry, results are discussed in terms of motivational direction. Findings pertaining to parietal asymmetry are explored with reference to arousal and emotional intensity, spatial attention, the processing of binocular disparity, and body image.


title: Object-oriented and pixel-based image classification using Landsat multispectral and Hyperion hyperspectral imagery in boreal conditions

subject:
Landsat satellites
Taigas Ontario Remote sensing
Aerial photography in forestry
Ontario land cover database
Remote sensing
Land cover mapping

abstract: Current environmental trends dictate a need for new methods, initiatives, and technologies that provide reliable, up-to-date forest information. Canada, which is home to ten percent of the Earth's forests, has made national and international commitments to better monitor the sustainable development of its forest ecosystems. In Ontario, the Ministry of Natural Resources monitors its natural resources through the Ontario Land Cover Database (OLCD). The OLCD is a large area land classification that uses Landsat multispectral imagery with a traditional pixel-based classifier. The goal of this thesis is to explore new ways to improve upon large area land classifications such as the OLCD. This thesis evaluates two alternative approaches: (1) it compares Landsat-5 TM multispectral imagery to Hyperion hyperspectral imagery, and (2) it compares a traditional pixel-based classifier to eCognition's object-oriented image classifier. Eight boreal cover classes were used consisting of water, wetland (aggregated marsh, fen and bog), black spruce, jack pine, mixedwood, dense deciduous, sparse deciduous and clearcuts.


title: Interorganizational coordination in a mandated relationship : a case study

subject: Interorganizational relations Ontario Thunder Bay

abstract:
The purpose of this case study was to address the
problem of interorganizational coordination in a mandated
relationship. Past research had found that the
characteristics of the linkage between organizations was
likely to vary depending on whether the base of the
relationship was voluntary or mandated. The relationship
between public health and educational organizations for the
provision of immunization services to schoolchildren was
chosen for analysis as the base of the relationship had
recently changed with the passing of the Immunization of
School Pupils Act, 1982. Accordingly, the present study was
designed to answer one major question: How will the change
in the base of the relationship from voluntary to mandated
influence the pattern of linkages between the Thunder Bay
Board of Health and the Thunder Bay School Boards?
Marrett’s model (1971), which focused on the
problem of linkages between organizations, provided the
conceptual framework for this study. She proposed that
relationships might vary on four dimensions: degree of
formalization, degree of standardization, degree of
intensity, and degree of reciprocity. The case study was designed to be exploratory and primarily descriptive in
nature. Twenty-one semi-structured informant interviews and
several documents provided the data for this investigation.
The change in linkage dimensions was analysed utilizing
Marrett’s model. The findings of the present study revealed
that change occurred in all four linkage dimensions but
failed to demonstrate major changes.


title: Acoustoelectric effect in semiconductors

subject:
Semiconductors
Momentum and energy transfer
Acoustical scattering
Optical non-polar scattering

abstract:
The possibility of electron temperature decreasing below
the lattice temperature in the presence of an external electric field
(electron cooling) has been pointed out by Paranjape and Ambrose (1964).
In the present works we show that under suitable conditions an external
sound wave may produce the phenomenon of electron cooling in a semiconductor.
We have shown that a decrease in electron temperature may occur
when (1) the electrons are predominantly scattered by optical polar or
non-polar optical modes of the lattice vibrations and (2) when the incident
sound wave energy flux is greater than a certain critical value
WQ (which depends on the type of semiconductor). Chapter I consists of
a description of the model and a brief outline,of the calculations. In
Chapter II, using a displaced Maxwellian function, we have calculated
the rates of energy and momentum transfer from the electrons to the lattice
for acoustical, optical polar and non-polar optical types of scattering.
The rates of energy and momentum transfer from the sound wave
to the electrons are calculated in Chapter II, Section (2.b,l). Using
these rates in conservation conditions (1.11) and (1.12), we obtain the
expression for the electron temperature T as a function of the energy
flux W (Eqn. (3.6)). Inequality conditions (3.7) and (3.8) are the main
results of our calculations. Condition (3.7) is equivalent to the electron
cooling condition obtained by Paranjape and de Alba (1965) in the
case of an electric field, while (3.8) gives the minimum sound wave energy
flux P/Q required to produce electron cooling. In non-polar and polar substances, the required predominance of optical scattering over
acoustical scattering is expressed by the ratios (see document for formula)
in Eqns. (3.24) and (3.30), respectively. In Sections (S.b.l) and
(3.b.2), v/e have obtained the expressions for the sound absorption
coefficient a and acoustoelectric current in terms of the energy
flux W.


title: A Creative arts-based approach to using children's rights as a vehicle for tolerance education at the senior elementary school level

subject:
Children's rights & tolerance
Study and teaching (middle school)
Social justice & tolerance curricula
Arts & tolerance education

abstract: The following arts-based qualitative research study investigates the potential value of art-based children's rights and tolerance curricula in Canadian schools. The study addresses the question: Are the arts an effective way to educate children about their rights and the importance of tolerance in a democratic society? The research study was conducted in a grade seven classroom in a Nortrhern Ontario community, where students created artworks to demonstrate their understanding of the topics of children's rights and tolerance. Data was collected through individual student and classroom teacher interviews, a class focus group and digital images of students' artworks.  Interview and focus group audio recordings were transcribed and discourse analysis was conducted to identify emergent themes in students' comments and artworks. The overall goal of the study was to provide students the opportunity to respond to the curriculum unit they experienced and provide feedback on the potential value of arts-based children's rights and tolerance curricula. Students produced unique and individual artworks that demonstrated their personal understanding of children's rights and tolerance through a variety of social justice themes including racism, homophobia and homelessness. All of the participants responded positively to the unit and value of using the arts to teach children about the importance of children's rights and tolerance in a democratic society.


title: The impact of environmental and ecological construction on the sustainable development of cities: a case study of Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China

subject:
Urban forestry
Urban ecological environment
Sustainable urban development
Ecological construction

abstract: Today, urban development faces an ecological crisis. As a famous historical and cultural city in China, the contradiction between the morphological development of Nanjing and the ecological environment is becoming increasingly acute, and the city's ecological regulation function tends to be fragile. Because cities are not only the birthplace of human technological progress and social and economic development but also an important source of human-environmental problems and environmental crises, the problem of the urban ecological environment has aroused the widespread concern of governments and scientists of various countries. In this context, the sustainable development of urban morphology with Nanjing as an empirical study is undoubted of great significance to the sustainable development of cities in China and the world. It also provides a certain reference and ideas for the development of modern cities. [...]


title: Can education be healing? : adult women's motivations for and experiences with university education / by Janis Cox.

contributor:
Fennell, Hope-Arlene
Kuchapski, Renee
Russell, Connie
Chambers, Lori
Transken, Si

subject:
Women and Education (Higher)
Adult education of women
Ontario
University education.

abstract: "Previous research reveals that some women might pursue university education as a means to heal from experiences of violence, poverty, and trauma or to take control over aspects of their identity that have been sublimated by oppression and systemic inequities. This qualitative study explored eight women's motivations for and experiences with education at a mid-sized university in Ontario. This study also explored the possibility that women might be motivated to pursue university education as a means to heal from experiences of violence, trauma, and gender subordination, and if so, whether this motivation was fulfilled. Finally, this study documented the institutional and personal supports that women found beneficial to their experiences as students."--abstract.


title: Incorporating operational road planning constraints into an integrated tactical level harvest-scheduling and road-planning model

subject:
Harvest-scheduling
Operational road planning
Simulated annealing

abstract:
At the operational scale of forest planning, the location of roads, in a complex terrain, is a decision of major economic importance. The objective is to locate a network of roads connecting pre-selected cut-blocks, at minimal cost, subject to a host of feasibility constraints. The location of the pre-selected cut-blocks is a made at the tactical level of planning, and the decision is made with relative indifference to the cost of the connecting these blocks at the operational scale of planning. The objective of this thesis is to design and evaluate an optimization model by which the location of an operationally feasible road-network can be made simultaneously with the selection of cut-block locations. The underlying assumption of this undertaking is that the optimal locations of both cut-blocks and operational roads are interdependent
Our methods are summarized in three steps: first, an exhaustive library of candidate roads is generated, using an operational-scale, road location model; second, a subset of these roads is selected in a tactical planning model which optimally schedules the harvest of cut-blocks and location and construction of roads simultaneously; and third, the tactical solution is mapped, enabling inspection of road-locations at the scale of 50m X 50m.
This innovative approach was tested on a portion of the Kenogami Forest, in Ontario, and the results demonstrate its feasibility and ability to reduce road-construction costs. We conclude that the approach is useful for three reasons: first, it can reduce the total cost of constructing a road-network; second, it facilitates innovation in tactical planning by making operational road-location planning methods relevant to tactical level modeling; and finally, it can be practiced on large forests.


title: Sensory materials in child care : an assessment of illness risk / by Heidi J. Pitfield.

subject:
Day care centers - Health risks
Toys - Health risks
Play - Health risks

abstract:
Objective. The objective of this study was to assess the risk of illness attributable to sensory use in licensed child care settings.
Design. Four child care centres from one large corporation in the same health region were recruited. Child attendance and illness records for children aged 2.5 - 5.0 years were contrasted against documented sensory use for a 16 month period. All four centres adhered to standardized agency infection prevention and control policies including hand hygiene, cleaning and disinfecting, sensory storage, use and disposal, and exclusion of ill
children. Analyses were performed using Open Source Epidemiological Statistics for Public Health (OpenEpi version 2.3), and web-based calculators.
Results. A total o f 125 child records were collected. The incidence rates, being the proportions of illness to total population, across the four centres for the 16 month period was found to not be equally distributed, X2 (3, N = 56.14) = 7.90,p <.05. All centres had higher incidence and incidence rates during winter months and illness remained elevated during the spring and early summer months. Incidence of illness per 100 child attendance
days for the 16 month study period for Centres A, B, C and D were 2.63, 0.90, 1.49 and 2.70, respectively. Wet sensory use was more common than dry sensory use.
Discussion. Illnesses in childcare were able to be explored using incidence rates, illness counts and child attendance days. The hypothesis was not able to be adequately addressed due to a lack of data. It is inconclusive whether a link or trend is noted between wet sensory use and illness. Sensory use in child care settings is an essential component of
child learning and development and further research is needed to adequately assess the infectious disease transmission risk related to sensory material use in child care settings.
Study area : Central Ontario.


title: Characterization of an arsenite-oxidizing caballeronia sp. soil bacterium and its mutualistic relationship with trifolium pratense for arsenic remediation

contributor:
Leung, Kam
Lee, Peter
Schraft, Heidi

subject:
Arsenic-oxidizing bacterium
Bioremediation
Phytoremediation
Plant-Bacteria Interactions
Ecosystem health

abstract:
The proposed application of the mutualistic interaction between a native arsenicoxidizing soil bacteria and Trifolium pratense in Northwestern Ontario mine sites is a novel
approach to remediation. This thesis studies the characteristics of an arsenic-oxidizing
bacterium isolated from a gold mine in Hemlo, Ontario; observes the variance in arsenic (As)
toxicity to three different plant species commonly used as phytoremediators; and analyzes the
interaction of one of these three plant species with the isolated soil bacterium. The conversion
of trivalent inorganic As(III) to its pentavalent form (As(V)) is a widely accepted detoxification
pathway. By enriching soil samples collected from the mine’s tailing areas with 1 mM sodium
arsenite (As(III)) mineral salt solution, 125 As-tolerant soil bacteria were isolated. Silver nitrate
(AgNO3) screening and subsequent ICP-AES analysis determined that isolate LU-71 was the only
As-oxidizer. An As(III)-induced LU-71 culture had a 74±19% conversion efficiency of As(III) to
As(V) in 18 h. The isolate was identified as a novel As-oxidizer in the Caballeronia genus by 16S
rDNA sequencing and the bacterium also had the ability to produce siderophores. The Asoxidizing bacteria experienced optimal growth at 25°C and pH 7, and was determined to be a
heterotroph with a minimum inhibitory concentrations of As(III) and As(V) of 8 and 200 mM,
respectively. The LD50 of As(III) was 11 times less than As(V) to the germination of T. pratense, F.
rubra, and M. sativa seeds. The LD50 of As(III) to seeds inoculated with the As-oxidizing bacteria
was about 6 times greater than the LD50 of As(III) to uninoculated seeds. To T. pratense plant
growth and biomass production, the As-oxidizing bacteria increased yield by 43%. Given its
success promoting plant germination and growth in As-stressed environments, the As-oxidizing
Caballeronia bacteria is a potentially cost-effective remediation approach to mines in Ontario.


title: Efficiency optimal control of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor / by Fasil Abera.

contributor:
Uddin, Mohammad
Natarajan, Krishnamoorthy

subject:
Permanent magnet motors
Electric motors, Synchronous
Automatic control

abstract:
There has been a growing concern over energy consumption since the past decade mainly because of the soaring cost of energy and tight environmental laws and regulations. In this thesis a model based efficiency optimization for speed control of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) is proposed to improve the efficiency of the motor drive which usually operates at different load and speed conditions. Recently, the IPMSM has been becoming popular due to some of its advantages such as high efficiency, high power density, low noise and robustness as compared to the conventional induction and other ac motors. Thus, the IPMSM is considered in this work. The proposed energy optimization algorithm is developed based on motor model. In order to minimize the controllable losses, the air gap flux level should be optimized. In an LPMSM the flux level can only be optimized by controlling the d-axis armature current as the field flux is supplied by the rotor permanent magnet.  For the proposed work the vector control technique is used in order to achieve fast and accurate speed response, quick recovery of speed from any disturbance and insensitivity to parameter variations etc. A simulation model for the complete closed loop vector control of IPMSM incorporating the proposed energy optimization algorithm has been developed using Matlab/Simulink software. The performance of the drive has been tested extensively for different dynamic operating conditions such as sudden load, command
speed and parameter changes. An efficiency gain of about 4% is obtained from the proposed optimization algorithm from simulation. After the satisfactory simulation results are found a realtime implementation of the complete drive system using DSP board (DS1104) for a laboratory 5
hp motor performed and the real time responses confirms with the simulation results as expected.


title: Strength-based programming for juvenile offenders

subject: Juvenile delinquency (Psychological aspects)

subject: Young offenders (Psychology)

subject: Strength-based assessment

abstract:
Strength-based assessment and intervention directs professionals to identify and build on
the strengths and competencies of youth and their families. Although this strength-based
approach has been used and evaluated within the educational system, there is little research to
date on the impact of strength-based planning within the youth criminal justice system. An
agency providing detention, custody, and community support services to young offenders in
Ontario has recently adopted a strength-based approach to programming for youth within their
organization. This implementation offered a unique opportunity to study the impact of strength-based
programming on juvenile offenders. The current study examined whether youths’
strengths and difficulties change over the course of their incarceration and the variables
hypothesized to be associated with this change. These variables include self-efficacy for
prosocial behaviours, aggression, and the inhibition of aggression; motivation for change; and
attachment to a significant staff worker. Parental attachment status was also examined to assess
its relationship to strength-based interventions.
Overall, higher levels of strength were associated with lower levels of difficulty.
Predictors generally associated with higher levels of strength included lower self-efficacy for
aggression, higher self-efficacy for the inhibition of aggression, fewer feelings of alienation from
ones worker and decreased motivation for change. Higher levels of difficulty were significantly
and particularly correlated with higher self-efficacy for aggression, lower self-efficacy for the
inhibition of aggression and for prosocial behaviour, and greater motivation for change.
Maternal attachment was also related to strength and difficulty levels. Youth in the current
sample did not significantly change in their levels of strength and levels of difficulty over a two-month period, however, open custody youth decreased in their level of difficulty whereas secure
custody youth increased. Youth who experienced an increase in their level of strength reported
fewer feelings of alienation from their significant worker, had lower self-efficacy for aggression,
and higher self-efficacy for the inhibition of aggression. Self-efficacy for prosocial behaviours
increased from Time 1 to Time 2, whereas attachment to a significant worker variables
decreased. Limitations and directions for future research are discussed.


Study of metaphor, symbolism, and biblical allusion in the novels of Margaret Laurence


title: Social justice and equity : exploring the perspectives of senior administrators on whiteness and racism in postsecondary education

subject:
Racism
Whiteness
Social justice
Equity
Higher education
Postsecondary administration
Leadership
Antiracism
Critical race theory
Antiracist education
Critical pedagogy

abstract: This study explored senior administrators‘ perspectives on Whiteness and racism in postsecondary education. The study focused on Canadian senior administrators at postsecondary institutions located in 2 provinces and in 2 communities with populations of less than 100,000. Using critical ethnography and narrative inquiry methodologies, this study‘s participants acknowledged that Whiteness and racism exist in postsecondary institutions. It found that senior administrators are in a position to influence the postsecondary institutional climate, and that they perceive their role as being accountable to the organization including responses to Whiteness and racism. This study asserts that as a well-educated and predominantly White culture-sharing group, the senior administrators‘ conscientiousness of White privilege is required to address racism. Most of this study‘s senior administrator participants acknowledge having been exposed to specific acts of racism in higher education. The findings suggest specific actions to challenge racism within postsecondary institutions, such as senior administrators‘ role-modeling actions against racism; adopting a critical pedagogical approach toward institutional antiracist education; the enforcement of institutional antidiscrimination and harassment policies; and hiring procedures informed by nondominant perspectives to promote employee diversity. This research also revealed prejudices disproportionately focused on Aboriginal students and communities, which implies a role for further research and government response.


title: Rational-empirical strategy with IRT to derive personality disorder scales from the personality assessment inventory / by Leah Burgess.

subject:
Personality assessment
Personality disorders
Personal Assessment Inventory (PAI)
Item Response Theory (IRT)

abstract: "The Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) is a broadband measure of adult psychopathology that assesses two of ten personality disorders (PDs). A rational-empirical strategy using expert raters and Item Response Theory based analyses (Samejima's Graded Response Model) was employed in an attempt to construct an additional eight PD scales from the existing PAI item pool. Raters demonstrated strong agreement in identifying PAI items that capture all 10 PDs. The IRT analyses supported that the PAI items can be reconfigured to assess the 10 PDs, and convergence with nonparametric scalability coefficients and internal consistency reliability estimates was demonstrated. Also, preliminary discriminant and convergent validity evidence per correlations with Millon's (1997) PD scales was generally consistent with extant PD research. Overall, the results demonstrated several advantages of applying IRT methods to psychopathology research."--abstract.


title: Characterization of genetic determinants for growth and structure of Listeria monocytogenes biofilms / by Nicholas Choy.

contributor:
Schraft, Heidi
Leung, Kam
Malek, Ladislav

subject:
Biofilms
Foodborne diseases
Listeria monocytogenes

abstract:
This thesis investigated wild-type 'Listeria monocytogenes ' EGD and five of its corresponding mutant strains (M1, M4, M7, M11 and M14) for their ability to form biofilms on glass at 22°C and 37°C, with and without shear force. Cell counts of 24 h-old biofilms ranged from 10[superscript 5] to 10[superscript 7]cfu/cm[superscript 2]. For all strains investigated, biofilms grown without shear force at 22°C had higher mean biofilm cell counts than at 37°C (P<0.05). Biofilms of wild-type 'L. monocytogenes' EGD and its mutant M11 ('clpB' gene deleted) were further analyzed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM imaging of biofilms grown at 37°C without shear force showed that the wild-type strain EGD produced significantly more biofilm cells than its mutant M11.  For biofilms grown at
22°C, both strains displayed characteristic three-dimensional biofilms with cells embedded in what is believed to be extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) when dehydrated with hexamethyldisilizane (HMDS). With the aid of confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM), biofilm structures of wild type Listeria monocytogenes EGD and its
corresponding mutant strains were quantitatively described with PHLIP using the image analysis program. Strains were then characterized with a statistical method known as principal components analysis (PCA). Results from this analysis revealed three strains (M14, M11 and M7) having high thickness and surface-to-biovolume ratio when grown under three conditions (22°C with shear, 37°C with and without shear). A complementation in trans was then performed on mutant M11 to ascertain that the phenomenon observed regarding biofilm production and stucture on glass, could be attributed to the absence of the clpB gene.


title: Spatial scaling in northern landscapes : habitat selection by small mammals

subject: Voles Habitat Ontario Hudson Bay Lowlands

subject: Clethrionomys Habitat Ontario Hudson Bay Lowlands

subject: Clethrionomys Ontario Hudson Bay Lowlands Population

subject: Denstiy-dependent habitat selection

subject: Landscape ecology

subject: Northern wetlands

subject: Population regulation

abstract:
I examined a series of simple and repeated northern landscapes in the Hudson Bay
Lowland of Ontario to document regional and local patterns of population abundance
of red-backed voles {Clethrionomys gapperi). I tested whether a spatially-explicit
ecological process, density-dependent habitat selection, could account for population
regulation of voles across a range of spatial scales. Over a large regional scale,
multiple regression analysis indicated that population density of voles was primarily
predicted by location of sampling and measures of microhabitat. Regional abundance
patterns, therefore, appear to be independent of nonadditive landscape effects and
probably result from large-scale biogeographic influences or differences in average
habitat quality between sites. At a local scale, my analysis identified density-dependent
habitat selection as a universal process structuring abundance patterns,
regardless of regional differences in population density. Habitat selection, at the
dispersal and perhaps microhabitat scales, thereby provides a feasible mechanism
linking landscape structure directly to population regulation.


title: Natural regeneration of black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill) B.S.P.) on lowland clearcut strips near Shebandowan, Ontario

subject: Black spruce Ontario Lake Shebandowan Region

subject: Forest regeneration Ontario Lake Shebandowan Region

abstract:
Growing conditions for black spruce natural regeneration on clearcut strips were
studied near Shebandowan, Ontario. These conditions were significantly different from
those present in the mature, residual forest in the study area. Furthermore, growing
conditions changed with increased age of the clearcut strips. The most favourable seedbed
(sphagnum) and limited hardwood competition were present only for few years following
harvesting. The succession of less favourable seedbeds (sedges, hardwood litter) and
severe hardwood competition had a negative impact on density and stocking of spruce
regeneration.
Height growth based on stem analysis data of regenerated and residual trees were
expressed by a Weibull function. Half of the natural regeneration consisted of advance
growth. The growth progressions for both advanced growth and new regeneration
closely fit the growth models for the GOOD site disregarding early suppression.
This study demonstrates that utilizing narrow, progressive clearcut strips and
control of competition will produce a well stocked new forest as productive as the old
forest on lowland, conifer site types.


title: An Analysis of motivation and motivational climate in physical education class of enrolled and non-enrolled female adolescent students

subject:
Physical education
Female adolescent students
Motivation towards PE
Precursors to Physical (In)Activity
Motivation in physical activity

abstract: This study investigated female adolescent students‘ motivation towards high school physical education (PE) class and the relationship of motivational class climate of enrolled and non-enrolled female adolescent students. Data collected via the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C), the Behavioural Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2 (BREQ-2), the Motives for Physical Activities Measure–Revised (MPAM-R), and the Physical Education Class Climate Scale (PECCS) assessed students‘ motivation, participation levels, and motivational class climate. Participants comprised 239 females aged 13 to 15, classified into 4 groups: (a) grade 9 students enrolled in PE who planned to enroll the following year, (b) enrolled grade 9 students who did not plan to enroll the following year, (c) enrolled grade 10 students, and (d) non-enrolled grade 10 students. As no differences were detected between grades, categories were collapsed into enrolled and non-enrolled groups. Based on BREQ-2, MPAM-R, and PECCS results, enrolled groups exhibited greater intrinsic motivation to participate, greater levels of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation characteristics (with the exception of the appearance motive), and a perceived class mastery orientation, respectively.


title: Rethinking modern languages and cultures instruction as decolonizing pedagogy

subject:
Modern languages
Study and teaching
Language acquisition
Cultural identities

abstract: The purpose of this study was to explore secondary modern languages teachers' beliefs about language and their cultural identities, and how these beliefs were embodied in their programs and pedagogical practices. The study also explored how these teachers encouraged their students to use their first languages and cultures to support their acquisition of the languages they were taught. The design of the study was qualitative and emergent and was informed by a decolonizing research methodology.


title: Student characteristics, teaching methodology and satisfaction with adult english as a second language programs in the Thunder Bay area

subject: English language Study and teaching Foreign students Ontario Thunder Bay.

subject: English language Study and teaching Ontario Foreign speakers Thunder Bay.

abstract:
This research suggests that adult ESL programs are quite
successful. Most students have positive attitudes towards
English study and share positive feelings in class. They take
an active part in classroom activities and have made progress
in their English acquisition.
The research was conducted among 94 adult ESL students
and their ESL teachers in the Thunder Bay Area. Most of the
participants are immigrants from Europe, Asia and South
America. They are presently studying in adult ESL programs
provided in schools, an adult education centre and a college.
A questionnaire survey was used to gather information for
this correlational study. The expectations were that student
achievement is related to their education, age, pre-course
English proficiency, origin, classroom behaviours, feelings
in class, motivation, confidence or anxiety level.
Results indicate that higher pre-course English
proficiency, younger age, low anxiety level, active
participation and positive feelings in class are closely
related to higher achievement level. Students who had high
education levels tend to have higher pre-course English
proficiency and motivation levels, and spend more time in ESL
class. No significant differences are found between different
origins in motivation, attitude, classroom behaviour and
achievement.


title: Ojibway plant taxonomy at Lac Seul First Nation, Ontario, Canada

subject: Oji-Cree language (Ontario, Northwestern)

subject: Ethnobotany (Ontario, Northwestern)

subject: Ojibwa language Dialects (Ontario, Northwestern)

subject: Boreal forest

subject: Ethnobiological classification

subject: Folk taxonomy

abstract:
The Ojibway (Anishinabe) of Lac Seul First N ation reside in the
transition zone of the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence and southern Boreal Forest
regions of northwestern Ontario, Canada. Hunting and gathering of certain
animal and plant species remain a significant part of their livelihood. Although
Lac Seul Ojibway are traditionally hunter-gatherers, there is a manipulation of
the plant community in the cultivation of wild rice Zizartia aquatica L. beds and
certain w ild medicinal plants. During the winter and summers of 1996-1997, a
preliminary study was undertaken to collect plant taxonomic information in
the Oji-Cree dialect of the community. Four Elders, fluent in the Oji-Cree
dialect and who were knowledgeable of plant names, were interviewed. They
were presented with plant material for identification. Five other Elders also
contributed their knowledge about plants. Analysis of the taxonomic system
follow ed Brent Berlin, with some exceptions. In Lac Seul folk plant taxonomy,
there is no 'unique beginner' to correspond with Plantae. There are two Super
Life-forms which include all vascular plants. This is the first use of the rank
Super Life-form in ethnobotanical classification. There are eight named or
covert Life-form taxa. Three of the Life-form taxa, characterized as 'medicinal
roof, 'berry' and 'bark utility', are 'cultural' or utilitarian and overlap with the
remaining Life-forms; 'conifer' (covert), 'angiosperm tree' (covert), 'herbs, ferns
and fern allies', 'shrub' and 'moss'. As noted by Turner, Hunn and Johnson-
Gottesfeld in other studies of non-agrarian indigenous groups, plant
classification at Lac Seul reveals utilitarian identification which overlaps with
morphological identification. A significant aspect of the data is the percentage
of polytypic folk genera. Polytypic folk genera are usually about 18% of the
total folk genera in horticultural groups and 2% of the total folk genera for
foragers. At Lac Seul, the polytypic folk genera are 9% which shows a higher
differentiation of folk genera than for most hunter-gathering people. Certain
ubiquitous species have the same name at Lac Seul as in other Algonkian
dialects ranging geographically from northern Saskatchewan to western
Quebec.


title: Traditional knowledge and values today: Nimkii Beneshii Migizii Kwe - Thunder Bird Eagle Woman's perspective

contributor:
Agbo, Seth
Jickling, Robert
Gardner, Ethel

subject:
Ojibwa philosophy
Aboriginal education

abstract:
This qualitative study used a narrative story-telling format to further current
understanding of traditional Anishinaube knowledge and values. The impetus for this
inquiry was the researcher's quest to seek answers to the following: (a) What are
traditional Anishinaube knowledge and values? and (b) How can traditional
Anishinaube knowledge be incorporated into today's schools? Both questions remain
controversial because what comprises traditional knowledge and values is different for
each individual and because there is no consensus on how traditional knowledge should
be incorporated into Canada's school systems. This study began as an investigation into a
G'chi Anishinaube-kwe's (Great Wise Ojibwe woman's) worldview by the researcher,
who wanted to make sense of 'the past in the presenter future generations. The
researcher is of Anishinaube descent and was raised with understanding and
comprehension in Anishinaube-mowin (natural conversation). Anishinaube-mowin and
English were the languages used to collect the data. Guided and open-ended questions
facilitated G'chi Anishinaube Kwe's responses as well as optimum exploration of the
topic. The collected data were derived from conversations, interviews, recordings, note
taking, listening, and observations in the participant's natural environment. Data analysis
reflected a Eurocentric academic research standard as viewed from the perspective of a
researcher who also was a cultural insider. Conclusions that have implications for
research and program planning in Aboriginal education and thoughts for further
investigation were identified.


title: Multi-time analysis of CMOS circuits

subject: Metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors

subject: Metal oxide semiconductors, Complementary

abstract: Transient simulation of circuits with widely separated time constants and fast periodic excitations is not efficient because a long simulation period with small time steps is required. One approach to simulate the transient behaviour more efficiently is known as the Multi Partial Differential Equation (MPDE). In the MPDE the system ordinary differential equations that describe a circuit is transformed into a system of partial differential equations with two time variables, one for the fast periodic variations and another for the slow transient evolution. This method has been implemented in a general-purpose circuit simulator program named Carrot. This thesis presents progress towards the development that simulator. The main contributions of this thesis are the implementation and validation of MOSFET models in the simulator and the study of the performance of the MPDE approach (as currently implemented in Carrot) applied to complex CMOS circuits. An overview of concepts relevant for this work is presented, followed by a detailed description of the MOSFET model implementation. Next, the design of an integrated CMOS ring voltage-controlled oscillator is presented. This is followed by simulation case studies. The simulation results indicate that the MPDE approach can achieve orders of magnitude of improvement in simulation speed compared to regular transient analysis. This thesis concludes with recommendations for future research.


title: Identification of boreal mixedwood forest structure cohorts in Northwestern Ontario using Ontario's forest resource inventory, Abitibi-Bowater's continuous forest inventory and stepwise discriminant function analysis

contributor:
Pulkki, Reino
Van Damme, Laird
Meyer, Lense
Shahi, Chander

subject:
Forest mapping
Ontario, Northwestern
Forest surveys
Forests and forestry
Mensuration

abstract: A model was developed to determine if Ontario's Forest Resource Inventory (FRI) could be used to classify boreal mixedwood stands in northwestern Ontario into structural cohorts as proposed in the Multi Cohort Forest Management (MCFM) concept. Successful methods developed to-date for determining cohort status rely on Weibull functions of tree diameter distributions. This study proposed an alternative method for multi-cohort classification based on the range of stand attributes found in the FRI.


title: Edge effects at clearcut, fire and riparian buffers in the boreal forest of Northwestern Ontario

contributor:
Mallik, Azim
Mackereth, Rob
Wilson, Brad
Steedman, Rob

subject: Buffer zones (Ecosystem management) Ontario, Northwestern

subject: Clearcutting (Environmental aspects Ontario, Northwestern)

subject: Riparian ecology (Ontario, Northwestern)

abstract:
In the boreal forest of northwestern Ontario clearcutting and fire are two common
edge-creating disturbances. Fundamental knowledge regarding the ability of fire and
clearcut edges to minimize edge effects, preserve interior habitat, and provide sources of
vegetative growth is lacking. Development of sustainable forest management strategies
that emulate natural disturbance relies upon such information. This thesis examines edge
effects in the boreal forest of northwestern Ontario at conifer clearcut, deciduous clearcut,
and conifer 6re edges. Riparian buffers with an upland clearcut edge and an upland-riparian
ecotone were also studied. Edge effects were explored on a number of scales
ranging from landscape-level to stand-level to small-scale bryophyte response. Residual
patch, core area and edge were assessed in 1000 ha and 250 ha windows in both clearcut
and fire disturbance. At the stand-level canopy and understory conditions were sampled
along transects (60 m) placed across edges and buffers, in comparison to transects in the
interior forest or at undisturbed stream edges. Edge characteristics and the depth of edge
influence (DEI) were determined using the critical values approach, multiple response
permutation procedure, analysis of covariance and other nonparametric tests. Conifer
and deciduous clearcut edges had many similarities. Species response across conifer fire
edges was different 6om clearcut edges due to shading provided by standing dead trees
and a pre-existing moisture gradient at burnt edges. Most buffers maintained a similar
species composition to undisturbed stream edges, but changes in species abundance were
detected at the stream edge. The DEI was greatly decreased for most response variables
10 m past the edge; however, a significant DEI was found for some response variables at
40 m or up to the stream edge, which was the greatest distance measured.


title: Influence of light intensity on activity and habitat utilization of walleye (Sander vitreus) in two Northwestern Ontario lakes

contributor:
Mackereth, Robert
Lester, Nigel
Hecnar, Stephen
Lee, Peter

subject: Walleye (Fish) Effect of light on Ontario, Northwestern

subject: Walleye (Fish) Habitat Ontario, Northwestern

abstract:
Ecologists have paid considerable attention to how and why organisms select
particular habitats. Of fundamental importance is discerning which physical factors of
the environment restrict the occurrence of organisms to particular habitats. A recent
habitat suitability model (HSM) for walleye (Sander vitreus) hypothesized that light is
the primary controlling variable influencing the spatial and temporal dimensions of
feeding habitat. To test the HSM and evaluate the optical and thermal characteristics of
walleye habitat I used telemetry to estimate the foraging activity of 24 walleye in two
lakes with different water clarity, during periods of changing light intensity. The water
clarity in the lakes differed (mean Secchi depths = 2.4 m and 4.8 m); however, the
thermal environment, although variable, did not differ consistently between the lakes.
Walleye in the stained lake occurred in warmer (mean temperature = 17.0 to 19.0 C),
shallower (median depth = 3.3 to 7.4 m) water, close to the depth range predicted by the
HSM. In contrast, walleye in the clear lake were generally located at depths (median
depth = 5.5 to 8.2 m) approximately 8.0 m shallower than predicted by light levels alone
(approximately 14.0 to 19.0 m), likely because predicted optimal light levels occurred at
depths where the temperature was too cold (approximately 7.0 to 9.0 °C). The individual
activity was highly variable, but the general pattern of behaviour was similar between the
two lakes. Walleye activity tended to be low in the afternoon and increased as light
levels declined at dusk (i.e., mean change in displacement rate = 35 % between 3 and 5
pm, and 550% between 7 and 9 pm). My results support the hypothesis that subsurface
light conditions are a key element of walleye feeding habitat; however, other factors,
such as water temperature, submerged structure, and prey-fish behaviours also appear to
strongly influence walleye behaviour and distribution. Lake-specific changes to walleye
habitat may be the result of predicted changes to water clarity due to exotic species, land use
practises, and global warming.


title: Direct and indirect effects of post-fire conditions on successional pathways and ecological processes in black spruce-Kalmia forests

contributor:
Mallik, Azim
Mackereth, Rob
Hecnar, Stephen
Macdonald, Alastair D.

subject: Forest regeneration Effect of wildfires on Newfoundland and Labrador

subject: Black spruce Effect of wildfires on Newfoundland and Labrador

subject: Sheep laurel and black spruce

abstract:
The goal of this thesis was to estimate the relative importance of the mechanisms by
which forest stands of east-central Newfoundland are replaced by unproductive dwarf-shrub
communities following wildfire. Sheep laurel (Kalmia angustifolia L.) is the dominant species
of these heath communities and its proliferation after forest fires may initiate a retrogressive
pathway rather than forest stand replacement.
This problem is addressed in four chapters that evaluate the roles o f differential plant
establishment success (Chapters I & II), availability o f limiting resources (Chapter III) and the
availability o f canopy cover (Chapter IV) as factors affecting vegetation dynamics following
catastrophic fire. The main findings of the research are (1) that at least part of the inhibition
pathway is caused by physical limitations on regeneration niches for black spruce and that the
biotic process of competition from Kalmia is a less proximate cause o f forest regeneration
failure; (2) plant functional diversity and black spruce productivity are restricted spatially and
physiologically by patterns in fire severity; (3) burned habitats dominated by Kalmia have
suppressed species richness and functional diversity irrespective o f low and high concentrations
o f limiting resources; (4) failure o f black spruce to re-colonize these sites and provide cover to
Kalmia is associated with measurable reductions in soil microbial activity and herb abundance.
A recurring theme among these chapters is the inconsistency between the pattern o f stand
retrogression observed in eastern Newfoundland and general theoretical models of succession as
they have developed in the ecological literature. As a result of these comparisons, this thesis
supports the view that the prevailing models of succession fail to be generalizable across
geographic and environmental gradients. In the eastern boreal forest, the factors of fire severity
and restriction o f regeneration niches for successional species are the critical aspects of
disturbance ecology which are not explicitly accounted for in existing successional models.
Until general theories account for forces other than competition that potentially affect
community structure, a unified theory of plant succession will remain elusive.


title: The role of intolerance of uncertainty in social anxiety: interpretation of ambiguous social information

contributor:
Maranzan, Amanda
Klein, Rupert

subject:
Social anxiety
Anxiety sensitivity
Mental health
Intolerance of uncertainty
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

abstract: The existence of intolerance of uncertainty (IU) about ambiguous social information in individuals with social anxiety has only recently begun to be explored by researchers, whereas the cognitive mechanisms whereby IU might contribute to social anxiety have thus far not been empirically investigated. The purpose of this study was threefold: to examine whether IU contributes significant variance in social anxiety severity above and beyond that accounted for by fear of negative evaluation, anxiety sensitivity, and depression; to investigate whether social anxiety severity is associated with greater levels of IU and a greater tendency to interpret ambiguous social events negatively; and to examine whether fear of negative evaluation and negative interpretation bias mediate the relationship between IU and social anxiety. Two-hundred and ten undergraduate students from Lakehead University completed part 1 (online) of the study and 66 participants from the initial sample completed part 2 (in-lab). Results indicated a significant relationship between IU and social anxiety independent of all other variables. IU was found to have an additive and specific effect on social anxiety severity, with increasing levels of uncertainty intolerance corresponding with more intensified symptoms of social anxiety. However, irrespective of anxiety severity level, participants with social anxiety made more negative interpretations of ambiguous social events than controls, entailing that this negative interpretation bias is a core cognitive appraisal process among these individuals. As expected, fear of negative evaluation mediated the association between IU and social interaction anxiety, as well as the relationship between IU and performance anxiety. Negative interpretations of ambiguous social information, however, only mediated the relationship between IU and social interaction anxiety. Limitations and implications of study findings are discussed from a theoretical, methodological, and clinical perspective.


title: Physical attractiveness mediates the relationship between resting heart rate variability and mate value

subject: Mate value and desirability characteristics

subject: Physical attractiveness

subject: Body language

abstract:
The present study had two main purposes: (a) to replicate the findings of
Vacharkulsemsuk and colleagues (2016) and Joel and colleagues (2017) wherein body
language and physical attractiveness each predict desirability, and (b) to determine if
body language and physical attractiveness mediate the observed link between heart rate
variability (HRV) and mate value as reported by Bailey (2017). A total of 42 university
students attended a laboratory session where they rated soundless video monologues of
192 students describing their relationship experiences. Ratings of expansive body
language and physical attractiveness were found to predict rater’s desire to go on a future
date with ratees. Furthermore, physical attractiveness mediated the HRV – mate value
link. These results suggest that physical attractiveness acts as a proxy to communicate
information about the HRV of a potential date in the mating marketplace.


title: Agent-based workflow model for enterprise collaboration

subject: Intelligent agents (Computer software)

subject: Workflow Management Computer programs

subject: Enterprise application integration (Computer systems)

abstract:
Workflow management system supports the automation of business processes where a
collection of tasks is organized between participants according to a defined set of rules to
accomplish some business goals. The service-orientated computing paradigm is
transforming traditional workflow management from a close, centralized control system
into a dynamic information exchange and business process. Moreover, agent based
workflow, from another point of view, provides a flexible mechanism for dynamic
workflow coordination at run time. In this context, the combination of Web services and
software agents provides great flexibility to discover and establish relationships among
business partners.
This thesis proposes an agent-based workflow model in support of inter-enterprise
workflow management. In the proposed model, agent-based technology enables the
workflow coordination at both inter- and intra- enterprise levels while semantic Web and
Web services based technologies provide infrastructures for messaging, service
description, service discovery, workflow ontology, and workflow enactment.
Coordination agents and resource agents are used with a Contract Net protocol based
bidding mechanism for constructing a dynamic workflow process among business
partners. The agent system architecture, workflow models and related components are
described. A prototype system is implemented for the purpose of designing and
developing role-feasible agents for simulating the formation process of a virtual
enterprise.


title: Cigarette smoking and the effects of a psychosocial stressor

subject:
Smoking (Psychological aspects)
Stress (Psychology)
Cigarettes


title: Root pruning, wrenching and overwinter cold storage : effects on the morphological and physiological condition of transplant Picea glauca [Moench] Voss nursery stock

contributor:
Day, Robert J.
Macdonald, Alastair D.
Navratil, S.

subject:
White spruce
Seedlings
Roots (Botany)

abstract:
The objectives of this thesis were to; 1) evaluate the
effect of a single early spring root pruning followed by a
series of five root wrenching treatments at three week
intervals on the morphological condition of rising 2+2
white spruce nursery stock, 2) to determine the effect of
wrenching and several overwinter cold storage environments
on bud dormancy progression, root regenerating potential
and planting stock performance, 3) to assess wrenching as
a method of conditioning bare root nursery stock for fall
lifting and overwinter cold storage.
Root pruning and wrenching was applied to rising 2+2
white spruce in nursery trials one in 1982 and another in
1983 at the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources Forest
Station, Thunder Bay Ontario. The root pruning and
wrenching treatment reduced current height increment,
reduced the number of primordia in the winter buds, and in
1983 significantly increased root area index. Root
pruning and wrenching increased the overall root
regenerating potential of stock during overwinter cold
storage. Wrenching and root pruning did not significantly
alter bud dormancy progression or patterns of root
regeneration during the winter.
Both the control and the root pruned and wrenched
stock was overwinter cold stored in 3 storage
environments. The progression of bud dormancy and root
regeneration potential of this stock was monitored monthly
for a seven month period during the winter. Stock that
was fall lifted and overwinter stored had the same winter
bud dormancy pattern as stock overwintered in the nursery
bed but a different pattern of root regenerating
potential. Cold storage delayed bud flushing in the
spring and prevented frost damage from occuring after
spring outplanting. A six week spring warm up
conditioning treatment at +2 C in cold storage increased
root regenerating potential. The exposure of fall lifted
stock to natural photoperiods while overwintering in an
unheated polyhouse did not appear to improve planting
stock quality over that of the same stock overwintered at
-2 C in complete darkness.


title: Stratigraphy of the western Lake St. Joseph greenstone terrain, Northwestern Ontario

contributor:
Shegelski, Roy
Kehlenbeck, Manfred

format: application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf

subject: Geology Ontario Lake St. Joseph Region

abstract:
The western Lake St. Joseph area in Northwestern Ontario is underlain
by Archean metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks. The strata,
referred to as the Lake St. Joseph Group comprise three formations
representative of mafic to felsic volcanic cyclicity. The Blackstone
Formation, stratigraphically the lowest, contains a lower member composed
of predominantly high-Mg, low-K tholeiitic pillowed basalts and an upper
member composed of rhyoliticflows and pyroclastic rocks. The overlying
Western Lake St. Joseph Formation contains a lower member composed
of predominantly calc-alkaline massive and pillowed basalts and an
upper member composed of dacitic pyroclastic and epiclastic rocks. The
overlying Carling Formation contains a volcanic member and a sedimentary
member. The volcanic member is composed predominantly of high-Fe,
low-K tholeiitic pillow breccias and dacitic to rhyolitic epiclastic and pyroclastic rocks. The sedimentary member consists of basal greywacke
turbidites and laminated iron formation of economic potential overlain
by chloritic classical turbidites. These sedimentary rocks are overlain
by massive and cross-bedded arkosic greywackes which are in turn
overlain by conglomerate and pebbly sandstone.
The deformation of the rocks is expressed by isoclinal folding, most
evident on Eagle Island, and development of the regional Lake St.
Joseph Fault. Contact and regional metamorphism (lower to middle greenschist facies) have also affected the rocks.
The primary structures, vertical and lateral variations in the felsic
volcanic rocks of the Blackstone and Western Lake St. Joseph Formations
indicate deposition on a subaqueous paleoslope. Similarly the felsic volcanic rocks of the Carling Formation indicate subaqueous deposition
on a different paleoslope.
The lithologies, primary structures, vertical and lateral variations
of the units in the sedimentary member of the Carling Formation indicate
deposition on a prograding submarine fan. Meyn and Palonen (1980)
support this interpretation.
Reconstruction of the paleoenvironment envisages three stages of
evolution. In stage 1 the Blackstone and Western Lake St. Joseph Formations are extruded and deposited on the flank of a volcanic edifice.
In stage 2 the volcanic member of the Carling Formation is extruded
from a separate vent and in part deposited upon the degradation products
of stage 1. In stage 3 laminated iron formation is deposited with clastic
sediments in a submarine fan-basin plain system to form the sedimentary
member of the Carling Formation.