title: Development of techniques for testing the effect of the E1 region on adenovirus integration /

subject:
Adenoviruses.
Genetic recombination.

abstract:
Adenoviral vectors are currently the most widely used gene therapeutic
vectors, but their inability to integrate into host chromosomal DNA shortened their
transgene expression and limited their use in clinical trials.
In this project, we initially planned to develop a technique to test the effect
of the early region 1 (E1) on adenovirus integration by comparing the integration
efficiencies between an E1-deleted adenoviral vector (SubE1) and an Elcontaining
vector (SubE3). However, we did not harvest any SubE3 virus, even
if we repeated the transfection and successfully rescued the SubE1 virus (2/4
transfections generated viruses) and positive control virus (6/6). The failure of
rescuing SubE3 could be caused by the instability of the genomic plasmid
pFG173, as it had frequent intemal deletions when we were purifying It.
Therefore, we developed techniques to test the effect of E1 on
homologous recombination (HR) since literature suggested that adenovirus
integration is initiated by HR. We attempted to silence the E1 in 293 cells by
transfecting E1A/B-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA). However, no silenced
phenotype was observed, even if we varied the concentrations of E1A/B siRNA
(from 30 nM to 270 nM) and checked the silencing effects at different time points
(48, 72, 96 h). One possible explanation would be that the E1A/B siRNA
sequences are not potent enough to Induce the silenced phenotype.
For evaluating HR efficiencies, an HR assay system based on bacterial
transfonmatJon was designed. We constmcted two plasmids ( designated as
pUC19-dl1 and pUC19-dl2) containing different defective lacZa cassettes (forming white colonies after transformation) that can generate a functional lacZa
cassette (forming blue colonies) through HR after transfecting into 293 cells. The
HR efficiencies would be expressed as the percentages of the blue colonies
among all the colonies. Unfortunately, after transfonnation of plasmid isolated
from 293 cells, no colony was found, even at a transformation efficiency of
1.8x10^ colonies/pg pUC19, suggesting the sensitivity of this system was low.
To enhance the sensitivity, PCR was used. We designed a set of primers
that can only amplify the recombinant plasmid fomied through HR. Therefore,
the HR efficiencies among different treatments can be evaluated by the
amplification results, and this system could be used to test the effect of E1 region
on adenovirus integration. In addition, to our knowledge there was no previous
studies using PCR/ Realtime PCR to evaluate HR efficiency, so this system also
provides a PCR-based method to carry out the HR assays.


title: Displaced women professionals: an exploration of perceived learning processes during workplace transition /

contributor: Department of Graduate and Undergraduate Studies in Education

subject:
Occupational retraining.
Professional employees
Women employees
Career changes.
Organizational change.
Adult education.

abstract:
This study focused on obtaining a deeper understanding of the perceived learning
of female professionals during workplace transition. The women's lived experiences
were explored through a feminist interpretive lens (Bloom, 1998). The study also drew
upon concepts from adult learning such as barriers and facilitating factors to learning,
resistance, transformative learning, and multiple ways of knowing.
Five women participated in a 1 -hour interview and a focus group activity. The
findings are presented under the 2 broad themes of perceived learning and factors
affecting learning. The most common theme of perceived learning was participants'
experience of increased self-knowledge. Additionally, while learning was thought of as a
struggle, it provided either an opportunity for a reexamination of goals or a reexamination
of self. Reflection by participants seemed to follow two orientations and other types of
perceived learning included experiential, formal, and informal learning.
In the broad theme of factors affecting learning, contradictions and conflict
emerged through the examination of participants' multiple subjectivities, and within their
naming of many factors as both facilitating factors and barriers to learning. The factors
affecting learning themes included personal relationships, professional communities, selfesteem,
attitude and emotion, the gendered experience of transition, time, and finances.
The final theme explored participants' view of work and their orientations to the future.
A proposed model of learning during workplace transition is presented (Figure 1
)
and the findings discussed within this proposed model's framework. Additional
developmental theories of women (Josselson, 1987; Levinson & Levinson, 1996),
communities of practice theories (Wenger, 1998), and career resilience theories (Pulley, 1995) are discussed within the context of the proposed model.
Implications to practice for career counsellors, people going through workplace
transition, human resource managers and career coaches were explored. Additionally
implications to theory and future areas of research are also discussed.


title: Responses of crayfish to a reflective environment /

subject: Crayfish. Socialization.

abstract:
This thesis examines how dominance status of crayfish alters responses to their own
reflection. Crayfish are social animals that fight to develop a dominance hierarchy
consisting of dominant and subordinate members. After socialization, crayfish were
videotaped in an aquarium with mirrors on one half of the tank and a non-reflective
plastic on the other half. Dominants paired for 14 days perform more cornering, turning,
crossing and spent more time in a reflective environment versus a non-reflective
environment. Subordinate crayfish exhibit more reverse walking in a mirrored
environment while isolated crayfish show no preference for reflection. This change in
behaviour occurs immediately for dominants paired for 30 min while subordinates require
3 days of pairing to exhibit the same behaviour as subordinate crayfish paired for 14 days.
Thus, 30 min of pairing is required to enhance responses to a reflection observed in
dominant crayfish while 3 days is required to decrease subordinate responses to a
reflection. These findings propose that male socialized crayfish respond to their mirror
image as they do a male conspecific. Their responses depend on both their dominance
status and the length of socialization which suggests that crayfish are learning to behave
in a characteristic manner as a result of their social experience.


title: Optical properties of organic superconductor K-(BETS)2FeBr4 /

subject: Organic superconductors

abstract:
/c-(BETS)2FeBr4 is the first antiferromagnetic organic superconductor with successive antiferromagnetic
and superconducting transitions at Ta^=2.5K and Tc=l.lK respectively at
ambient pressure. Polarized reflectance measurements were performed on three single crystalsamples
of this material using a Briiker IFS66V/S Interferometer, and a Bolometer detector
or an MCT detector, at seven temperatures between 4K and 300K, in both the far-infrared
and mid-infrared frequency range.
After the reflectance results were obtained, the Kramers-Kronig dispersion relation was
apphed to determine the optical conductivity of /c-(BETS)2FeBr4 at these seven temperatures.
Additionally, the optical conductivity spectra were fitted with a Drude/Lorentz Oscillator
model in order to study the evolution of the optical conductivity with temperature
along the a-axis and c-axis. The resistivities calculated from the Drude model parameters
along the a-axis and c-axis agreed reasonably with previous transport measurements.


title: Order and membrane organization in chlorhexidine-lipid mixtures /

subject: Chlorhexidine. Lipids.

abstract:
Formulations of a general bactericidal agent, chlorhexidine, mixed with a phospholipid at
different concentrations are investigated using ^H NMR spectroscopy on a chain-deuterated
lipid analog. Lipid-chlorhexidine formulation is known to release the drug into an aqueous
medium slowly, maintaining a comparable concentration of the drug for up to four times
longer than a direct aqueous solution. The NMR data does not support the proposed liposomal
entrapment of chlorhexidine in lipid compartments. Complex thermal history of the
lipid-chlorhexidine preparations is investigated in detail.
In preparation for a counterpart measurement, using ^H NMR of deuterated chlorhexidine
mixed with protonated lipid, the synthesis of a deuterated analog of chlorhexidine is
performed.


title: Fluorescence spectra and ab initio theoretical studies of HCOOH /

subject:
Fluorescence spectroscopy.
X-ray spectroscopy.
Electronics.
Formic acid.

abstract:
A fluorescence excitation spectrum of formic acid monomer
(HCOOH) , has been recorded in the 278-246 nm region and has
been attributed to an n >7r* electron promotion in the anti
conformer. The S^< S^ electronic origins of the
HCOOH/HCOOD/DCOOH/DCOOD isotopomers were assigned to weak
bands observed at 37431.5/37461.5/37445.5/37479.3 cm'''. From
a band contour analysis of the 0°^ band of HCOOH, the
rotational constants for the excited state were estimated:
A'=1.8619, B'=0.4073, and C'=0.3730 cm'\ Four vibrational
modes, 1/3(0=0), j/^(0-C=0) , J/g(C-H^^^) and i/,(0-H^yJ were
observed in the spectrum. The activity of the antisymmetric
aldehyde wagging and hydroxyl torsional modes in forming
progressions is central to the analysis, leading to the
conclusion that the two hydrogens are distorted from the
molecular plane, 0-C=0, in the upper S. state.
Ab initio calculations were performed at the 6-3 IG* SCF
level using the Gaussian 86 system of programs to aid in the
vibrational assignments. The computations show that the
potential surface which describes the low frequency OH torsion
(twisting motion) and the CH wagging (molecular inversion)
motions is complex in the S^ excited electronic state. The
OH and CH bonds were calculated to be twisted with respect to
the 0-C=0 molecular frame by 63.66 and 4 5.76 degrees,
respectively. The calculations predicted the existence of the second (syn) rotamer which is 338 cm'^ above the equilibrium
configuration with OH and CH angles displaced from the plane
by 47.91 and 41.32 degrees.


title: The efficacy of anti-predator behaviour in the wood fog tadpole (Rana sylvatica) /

subject:
Tadpoles.
Animal defenses.

abstract:
Activity has been suggested as an important behaviour that is tightly linked with
predator avoidance in tadpoles. In this thesis I examine predator-prey relationships using
wood frog tadpoles {Rana sylvaticd) as prey and dragonfly larvae {AnaxJunius) and
backswimmers {Notonecta undulatd) as predators. I explore the role of prey activity in
predator attack rates, prey response to single and multiple predator introductions, and prey
survivorship. The data suggest that Anax is the more successful predator, able to capture both
active and inactive tadpoles. In contrast, Notonecta strike at inactive prey less frequently and
are seldom successftil when they do. A mesocosm study revealed that the presence of any
predator resulted in reduced activity level of tadpoles. Each predator species alone had similar
effects on tadpole activity, as did the combined predator treatment. Tadpole survivorship,
however, differed significantly among both predator treatments and prey populations.
Tadpwles in the combined predator treatment had enhanced risk; survivorship was lower than
that expected if the two predators had additive effects. Differences in survivorship among
wood frog populations showed that tadpoles from a lake habitat had the lowest survivorship,
those from a shallow pond habitat had an intermediate survivorship, and tadpoles from a
marsh habitat had the highest survivorship. The frequency of interactions with predators in
the native habitat may be driving the population differences observed. In conclusion, results
from this study show that complex interactions exist between predators, prey, and the
environment, with activity playing a key role in the survival of tadpoles.


title: Adaptations of skeletal muscle pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase in response to food-restriction in mitochondrial subpopulations

subject:
Muscles
Pyruvate kinase.
Mitochondria.
Nutrition.

abstract:
University, 2006 Dr. Sandra J. Peters
Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) catalyses the decarboxylation of pyruvate, to
form acetyl-CoA. PDH activity is down-regulated by intrinsic PDH kinases
(predominantly PDK2 and PDK4 isoforms), but the understanding of the PDK isoform
distribution and adaptation to nutritional stresses has been restricted to mixed
mitochondrial populations, and not delineated between subsarcolemmal (SS) and
intermyofibrillar (IMF) subpopulations. SS and IMF mitochondria exhibit distinct
morphological and biochemical properties; however the functional differences are not
well understood. This study investigated the effect of fed (FED) versus 48 h total foodrestriction
(FR) on rat red gastrocnemius muscle PDK2 and 4 isoform content in SS and
IMF mitochondria. PDK4 content was ~3-5 fold higher in SS mitochondria compared to
IMF (p=0.001), and increased with FR -3-4- fold in both subpopulations (p<0.001).
PDK2 was -2.5-4 fold higher in SS mitochondria compared to IMF (p=0.001), but PDK2
was unaltered with FR. Citrate synthase activity (|imol/min/mg mitochondrial protein)
was not different between either subpopulation. As well there were no significant
differences between mitochondrial subpopulations in PDH complex components in both
fed and FR states. These results demonstrate that there is a markedly higher content of
both PDK isofonns in SS compared to IMF mitochondria. Although PDK2 does not
increase in either subpopulation in response to FR, PDK4 increases to a similar extent in
both SS and IMF after 48 h food-restriction.


title: Metabolic, biochemical and molecular profiling of Catharanthus roseus flower cultivars and transformed hairy roots for monoterpenoid indole alkaloid accumulation /

subject:
Catharanthus roseus
Antineoplastic agents.
Vinblastine.
Vincristine.

abstract:
Catharanthlls rosellS (L.) G Don is a commercially significant flower species and
in addition is the only source of the monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (MIA) vinblastine
and vincristine, which are key pharmaceutical compounds that are used to combat a
number of different cancers. Therefore, procurement of the antineoplastic agents is
difficult but essential procedure. Alternatively, CatharanthllS tissue cultures have been
investigated as a source of these agents; however they do not produce vindoline, which is
an obligate precursor to vinblastine and vincristine.
The interest in developing high MIA cultivars of Catharantlws rosellS has
prompted metabolic profiling studies to determine the variability of MIA accumulation of
existing flowering cultivars, with particular focus on the vindoline component ofthe
pathway. Metabolic profiling studies that used high performance liquid chromatography
of MIAs from seedlings and young leaf extracts from 50 different flowering cultivars
showed that, except for a single low vindoline cultivar (Vinca Mediterranean DP Orchid),
they all accumulate similar levels of MIAs. Further enzymatic studies with extracts from
young leaves and from developing seedlings showed that the low vindoline cultivar has a
IO-fold lower tabersonine-16-hydroxylase activity than those of CatharanthllS rosellS cv
Little Delicata. Additionally, studies aimed at metabolic engineering ofvindoline
bios}l1thesis in Catharanthus rosellS hairy root cultures have been performed by
expressing the last step in vindoline biosynthesis [Dcacetylvindoline-4-0-
acetyltransferase (DAT)]. Enzymatic profiling studies with transformed hairy roots have
confirmed that over-expressing DAT leads to lines with high levels of O-acetyltransferase
activity when compared to non-expressing hairy roots. One particular DA T over111
expressing hairy root culture (line 7) contained 200 times the OAT activity than leaves of
control lines. Additional MIA analyses revealed that DAT over-expressing hairy roots
have an altered alkaloid profile with significant variation in the accumulation of
h6rhammericine. Further analysis of transformed hairy root line 7 suggests a correlation
between the expression of OAT activity and h6rhammericine accumulation with root
maturation. These studies show that metabolic and selective enzymatic profiling can
enhance our ability to search for relevant MIA pathway mutants and that genetic
engineering with appropriate pathway genes shows promise as a tool to modify the MIA
profile of Catharanthus roseus.


title: Activity of brainstem cholinergic neurons during 22 kHz ultrasonic vocalization in rats /

subject:
Brain stem
Rats

abstract:
Adult rats emit 22 kHz ultrasonic alann calls in aversive situations. This type of call
IS a component of defensive behaviour and it functions predominantly to warn
conspecifics about predators. Production of these calls is dependent on the central
cholinergic system. The laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (LDT) and pedunculopontine
tegmental nucleus (PPT) contain largely cholinergic neurons, which create a continuous
column in the brainstem. The LDT projects to structures in the forebrain, and it has been
implicated in the initiation of 22 kHz alarm calls. It was hypothesized that release of
acetylcholine from the ascending LDT terminals in mesencephalic and diencephalic areas
initiates 22 kHz alarm vocalization. Therefore, the tegmental cholinergic neurons should
be more active during emission of alarm calls. The aim of this study was to demonstrate
increased activity of LDT cholinergic neurons during emission of 22 kHz calls induced
by air puff stimuli. Immunohistochemical staining of the enzyme choline
acetyltransferase identified cell bodies of cholinergic neurons, and c-Fos immunolabeling
identified active cells. Double labeled cells were regarded as active cholinergic cells.
There were significantly more (p<O.05) c-Fos labeled cells in the LDT of vocalizing
animals than in control (non-vocalizing air puffed and naIve non-airpuffed) animals.
Although the numbers were low, there were also significantly more (p<O.05) doublelabeled
neurons in the LDT of vocalizing animals than in the non-vocalizing controls.
Such a difference between vocalizing and control animals was not found in the
neighbouring PPT nucleus. Results suggest that there are cholinergic and non-cholinergic
cells, which are selectively active in the LDT during emission of 22 kHz alarm calls.


title: The nature of the highly artistic student in visual arts at secondary school /

subject:
Art
Gifted children

abstract:
This qualitative investigation examined the nature of 7 highly artistic visual arts
students at 2 secondary schools in southcentral Ontario. Through interviews,
questionnaires, observations, and artwork documents, this study attempted to understand
these highly artistic students in terms of creativity, motivation, social and emotional
perspectives, and cognitive processes. Data collection occuned over a 3-monlh period.
and the data analysis program NVivo 7 was used for coding to develop themes and
categories for organizing data.
The findings of this study illustrate the significant place that \ isual arts can lake in
the growth and development for the youth of today. Participants idcniificd dcxclopnig
critical thinking and problem-solving skills, taking risks, and meeting challenges ilirouuh
their engagement in the creative process. The transferability of these skills \\ as
referenced to numerous aspects of their lives. By enhancing individual perspectives
through the study of visual arts, their local and world connections were extended, and
environmental and societal concerns evolved. In addition, the communicative
opportunities that visual arts provided for these students in terms of personal expression
provided emotional health and paths of personal discovery.
Through the participants' production of artwork with the many stages this
involves, combined with insight into their needs, the participants relayed miportant
suggestions for programming enhancements and educational settmgs lor \ isiial arts
classrooms. These suggestions are meaningful for educators and curriculum developers
of the future.


title: Introducing e-learning in a large multisite academic health sciences centre: a case study of e-curriculum planning and educator support /

subject:
Medical sciences
Medical sciences
Curriculum planning.
Web-based instruction.
Computer-assisted instruction.

abstract:
This qualitative study investigated how a team of 7 hospital educators
collaborated to develop e-curriculum units to pilot for a newly acquired learning -r
management system at a large, multisite academic health sciences centre. A case study
approach was used to examine how the e-Curriculum Team was structured, how the
educators worked together to develop strategies to better utilize e-leaming in their ovwi
practice, what e-curriculum they chose to develop, and how they determined their
priorities for e-curriculum development. It also inquired into how they planned to
involve other educators in using e-leaming. One set of semistructured interviews with
the 6 hospital educators involved in the project, as well as minutes of team meetings and
the researcher's journal, were analyzed (the researcher was also a hospital educator on the
team). Project management structure, educator support, and organizational pressures on
the implementation project feature prominently in the case study. This study suggests
that implementation of e-leaming will be more successful if (a) educators involved in the
development of e-leaming curriculum are supported in their role as change agents, (b) the
pain of vmleaming current educational practice is considered, (c) the limitations of the
software being implemented are recognized, (d) time is spent leaming about best practice,
and (e) the project is protected as much as possible from organizational pressures and
distractions.


title: Wrap around analysis of the affordances and constraints for girls with physical disabilities participating in physical activities /

subject: Physical education for people with disabilities.

subject: Physical education for women.

subject: Sports for women.

abstract:
This is a qualitative study exploring the physical activity patterns of a group of
women with physical disabilities through their lifespan. In-depth interviews were done
with a group of 6 women aged 1 9 to 3 1 . The data were analyzed via content and
demographic strategies. Participants in this study reported that their physical activity
patterns and their experiences related to their physical activity participation changed over
their lives. They were most physically active in their youth (under 14 years of age) and
as they reached high school age (over 14 years of age) and to the present time, they have
become less physically active. They also reported both affordances and constraints to
their physical activity participation through their lifespan. In their youth, they reported
affordances such as their parents' assistance, an abundance of available physical activity
opportunities, and independent unassisted mobility, as all playing an important factor in
their increased youth physical activity. In adulthood, the participants' reported less time,
fewer opportunities for physical activity, and reliance on power mobility as significant
constraints to their physical activity. The participants reported fewer constraints to being
physically active in their youth when compared to adulthood. Their reasons for
participation in physical activity changed from fun and socialization in their youth instead
of for maintenance of health, weight, and function in adulthood. These affordances,
constraints and reasons for physical activity participation were supported in the literature.


title: The near ultraviolet absorption spectrum of phosgene /

subject:
Phosgene.
Ultraviolet spectra.

abstract:
The near ultraviolet absorption of phosgene has
been assigned to a * 1 1 ~.--n, A;-- Al electronic
transition from vapour phase spectra recorded
under conditions of high resolution and low_t~mperature.
Progressions in Vi, v2' V3' V4 and
V4 ha\1e been identified in the spectrum and have
been analyzed in terms of vibronic transitions
between a planar ground and a nonplanar excited
state. A ba~rier height of 3170 cm~l:and a nona
planar equilibrium angle of 32.5 were calculated
for the upper state from a fit of the energy
levels of a Lorentzian-guadratic potential func-
~ion to the observed levels of V
4
. ' ~he false ori-
3in, 41
0
, of the spectrum has been assigned to the
band at 33,631 cm -1 . An oscillator strength of
-3 1 . 1
f = 1. a x 10 has been obtained for the A - A
2 1
transition.


title: A comparative study of the change in diatom inferred ph of a staircase of lakes in the Algoma District, Northern Ontario /

subject:
Diatoms
Lakes
Hydrogen-ion concentration.
Limnology

abstract:
Four staircase lakes occupying a single watershed located in
the Algoma District, north of Lake Superior were chosen for this
study. I examined the subfossil diatom assemblage in the top
twenty centimeters of the surface sediments in each of these
four lakes in an attempt to reconstruct their respective past pH
history. From these analyses it was possible to test the
hypothesis that the rate of change of diatom inferred pH was not
significantly different in lakes located one below the other in
a single "staircase" within a single watershed system.
My results indicated that the four Z lakes had been acid for
at least the last century. The water color of the three upper Z
lakes (Z1, Z2 and Z3) was brown (>30 Pt Co units). The bottom
lake (Z4) was the only clear water lake in the system «5 Pt Co
units). This bottom staircase lake had no muskeg development
around its shoreline. The alkaliphilous diatoms in the Z
watershed system were important in determining the diatom
inferred pH of the four Z lakes. The centric diatoms were
extremely rare in the clearwater bottom lake (Z4). The ecology
of the Eupodiscales is perhaps important in the interpretation
of sediment in the more acid environment.
Lake Z4 was the only one that had a progressive as well as a
significant decrease in its downcore diatom inferred pH since
the early 1960's. This lead me to speculate that the humic
substances present in the upper three brown water lakes (Z1, Z2 and Z3) were perhaps Important in buffering them against a
further decrease in water pH even though they were located
within an area which was sensitive to acid precipitation.


title: The kinetics and induced decomposition on the thermal decomposition of hydroperoxides /

subject:
Decomposition (Chemistry)
Hydrogen peroxide.

abstract:
This project is focussed on the thermsLl decomposition of
t-butyl hydroperoxide and sec-butyl hydroperoxide at 120°C to
160°C in three alcohol solvents. These are methanol, ethajiol
and isopropyl alcohol.
The aim of the project was to examine the process of induced
decomposition. Thermal decomposition of t-hutyl hydroperoxide
and sec-butyl hydroperoxide indicate that these reactions have
first-order kinetics with activation energies on the order of
20 to 28 K cal/mole,
Styrene was used as a free radical trap to inhibit the induced
decomposition. The results permitted calculation of how much
induced decomposition occurred in its absence. The experimental
resvilts indicate that the induced decomposition is important for
t-butyl hydroperoxide in alcohol solvents, as shown by both the
reaction rate suid product studies. But sec-butyl hydroperoxide
results show that the concerted mechanism for the interaction of
two sec-butylperoxy radicals occurs in addition to the induced
decomposition.
Di-sodium E.D,T.A. was added to reduce possible effects of
trace transition metal ion .impurities. The result of this
experiment were not as expected. The rate of hydroperoxide
decomposition was about the same but was zero-order in hydroperoxide
concentration.


title: Abrasion, transport and distribution of sediment in selected streams of Southern Ontario and Western New York /

subject:
Rivers
Rivers
Sediments (Geology)
Sediments (Geology)
Sediment transport
Sediment transport
Stream measurements
Stream measurements

abstract:
The rate of decrease in mean sediment size and weight
per square metre along a 54 km reach of the Credit River
was found to depend on variations in the channel geometry.
The distribution of a specific sediment size consist of:
(1) a transport zone; (2) an accumulation zone; and (3) a
depletion zone. These zones shift downstream in response
to downcurrent decreases in stream competence. Along a
.285 km man-made pond, within the Credit River study area,
the sediment is also characterized by downstream shifting
accumulation zones for each finer clast size.
The discharge required to initiate movement of 8 cm
and 6 cm blocks in Cazenovia Creek is closely approximated
by Baker and Ritter's equation. Incipient motion of
blocks in Twenty Mile Creek is best predicted by Yalin's
relation which is more efficient in deeper flows. The
transport distance of blocks in both streams depends on
channel roughness and geometry. Natural abrasion and
distribution of clasts may depend on the size of the
surrounding sediment and variations in flow competence.
The cumulative percent weight loss with distance of
laboratory abraded dolostone is defined by a power
function. The decrease in weight of dolostone follows a
negative exponential. In the abrasion mill, chipping causes the high initial weight loss of dolostone; crushing
and grinding produce most of the subsequent weight loss.
Clast size was found to have little effect on the abrasion
of dolostone within the diameter range considered.
Increasing the speed of the mill increased the initial
amount of weight loss but decreased the rate of abrasion.
The abrasion mill was found to produce more weight
loss than stream action. The maximum percent weight loss
determined from laboratory and field abrasion data is
approximately 40 percent of the weight loss observed along
the Credit River. Selective sorting of sediment explains
the remaining percentage, not accounted for by abrasion.


title: Adolescent girls and mathematics: classroom performance, attitudes toward mathematics and perceptions of parental attitudes /

subject: Peel (Ont. : Regional municipality). Board of Education.

subject: Teenage girls

subject: Mathematics

subject: Perception.

abstract:
The purpose of this study was to determine the extent
to which gender differences exist in student attitudes
toward mathematics and in their performance in mathematics
at the Grade Seven and Eight level. The study also
questioned how parents influence the attitudes of this grade
level of male and female students toward mathematics.
Historically, the literature has demonstrated gender
differences in the attitudes of students toward mathematics,
and in parental support for classroom performance in
mathematics. This study was an attempt to examine these
differences at one senior public school in the Peel Board of
Education.
One hundred three Grade Seven and Eight students at a
middle school in the Peel Board of Education volunteered to
take part in a survey that examined their attitudes toward
mathematics, their perceptions of their parents' attitudes
toward mathematics and support for good performance in the
mathematics classroom, parental expectations for education
and future career choices. Gender differences related to
performance levels in the mathematics classroom were
examined using Pearson contingency analyses. Items from the
survey that showed significant differences involved
confidence in mathematics and confidence in writing
mathematics tests, as well as a belief in the ability to work on mathematics problems. Male students in both the
high and low performance groups demonstrated higher levels
of confidence than the females in those groups. Female
students, however, indicated interest in careers that would
require training and knowledge of higher mathematics.
Some of the reasons given to explain the gender
differences in confidence levels included socialization
pressures on females, peer acceptance, and attribution of
success. Perceived parental support showed no significant
differences across gender groups or performance levels.
Possible explanations dealt with the family structure of the
participants in the study.
Studies that, in the past, have demonstrated gender
differences in confidence levels were supported by this
study, and discussed in detail. Studies that reported on
differences in parental support for student performance,
based on the gender of the parent, were not confirmed by
this study, and reasons for this were also discussed.
The implications for the classroom include: 1) build
on the female students' strengths that will allow them to
enjoy their experiences in mathematics; 2) stop using the
boys as a comparison group; and 3) make students more aware
of the need to continue studying mathematics to ensure a
wider choice of future careers.


title: The examination of predictors of success in two programmes requiring self-direction /

subject: McMaster University. Faculty of Health Sciences.

subject: Adult learning.

subject: Prediction of occupational success.

abstract:
The new Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy programmes, based in the
Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University (Hamilton, Ontario) are unique.
The teaching and learning philosophies utilized are based on learner-centred and selfdirected
learning theories.
The 1991 admissions process of these programmes attempted to select
individuals who would make highly qualified professionals and who would have the
necessary skills to complete such unique programmes.
In order to:
1
.
learn more about the concept of self-directed learning and its related
characteristics in health care professionals;
2. examine the relationship between various student characteristics - personal, learner
and those assessed during the admissions process - and final course grades, and
3. determine which, if any, smdent characteristics could be considered predictors for
success in learner-centred programmes requiring self-directed learning skills,
a correlational research design was developed and carried out.
Thirty Occupational Therapy and thirty Physiotherapy smdents were asked to
complete 2 instruments - a questionnaire developed by the author and the Oddi
Continuing Learning Inventory (Oddi, 1986). Course grades and ratings of students
during the admissions process were also obtained.
Both questionnaires were examined for reliability, and factor analyses were conducted to determine construct validity. Data obtained from the questionnaires,
course grades and student ratings (from the admissions process) were analyzed and
compared using the Contingency Co-efficient, the Pearson's product-moment
correlation co-efficient, and the multiple regression analysis model.
The research findings demonstrated a positive relationship (as identified by
Contingency Coefficient or Pearson r values) between various course grades and the
following personal and learner characteristics: field of smdy of highest level of
education achieved, level of education achieved, sex, marital stams, motivation for
completing the programmes, reasons for eru-oling in the programmes, decision to
enrol in the programmes, employment history, preferred learning style, strong selfconcept
and the identification of various components of the concept of self-directed
learning. In most cases, the relationships were significant to the 0.01 or 0.(X)1 levels.
Results of the multiple regression analyses demonstrated that several learner
and admissions characteristic variables had R^ values that accounted for the largest
proportion of the variance in several dependent variables. Thus, these variables could
be considered predictors for success. The learner characteristics included: level of
education and strong self-concept. The admissions characteristics included: ability to
evaluate strengths, ability to give feedback, curiosity and creativity, and
communication skills.
It is recommended that research continue to be conducted to substantiate the
relationships found between course grades and characteristic variables in more diverse
populations. "Success in self-directed programmes" from the learner's perspective should also be investigated.
The Oddi Continuing Learning Inventory should continue to be researched.
Further research may lead to refinement or further development of the instrument,
and may provide further insight into self-directed learner attributes.
The concept of self-directed learning continues to be incorporated into
educational programmes, and thus should continue to be explored.


title: Attitudes of second year diploma nurses in three community colleges toward the use of computers in the nursing role /

subject:
Nursing
Nurses
Community colleges

abstract:
The effectiveness of various kinds of computer programs is
of concern to nurse-educators. Using a 3x3 experimental
design, ninety second year diploma student nurses were
randomly selected from a total population at three
community colleges in Ontario. Data were collected via a
20-item valid and reliable Likert-type questionnaire
developed by the nursing profession to measure perceptions
of nurses about computers in the nursing role. The groups
were pretested and posttested at the beginning and end of
one semester. Subjects attending College A group received
a computer literacy course which comprised word processing
with technology awareness. College B students were exposed
to computer-aided instruction primarily in nursing
simulations intermittently throughout the semester.
College C subjects maintained their regular curriculum with
no computer involvement. The student's t-test (two-tailed)
was employed to assess the attitude scores data and a
one-way analysis of variance was performed on the attitude
scores. Posttest analysis revealed that there was a
significant difference (p<.05) between attitude scores on
the use of computers in the nursing role between College A and C. No significant differences (p>.05) were seen
between College B and A in posttesting. Suggestions for
continued computer education of diploma student nurses are
provided.


title: Effect of combined care nursing on patient satisfaction, staff satisfaction, and quality of care /

subject:
Oakville-Trafalgar Memorial Hospital.
Care of the sick.
Patient satisfaction
Nursing
Job satisfaction
Hospitals

abstract:
This research evaluates the effect of combined care nursing on
three outcomes:
i) patient satisfaction;
ii) staff satisfaction; and
iii) quality of care.
Oakville-Trafalgar Memorial Hospital was in the early planning
stages of changing to combined care nursing from the traditional
method of providing separate postpartum and nursery care to mothers
and babies. The opportunity existed to evaluate formally the change
to combined care.
There were three hypotheses to be investigated.
Data were collected from four sources: patient surveys, staff
surveys, informal interviews, and internal hospital documents.
Both quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed. The surveys
were administered on three different occasions to patients and
staff. Other sources of data included informal interviews with
patients and staff who responded to the surveys, and chart audits.The study findings revealed that the majority of respondents
had increased levels of satisfaction and perceptions of increased
quality of care following implementation of combined care.
These findings, related to combined care and the role of
change in its implementation and evaluation, indicate that there are
no right or easy answers about how to make new ideas become reality
in a smooth, pleasant way.


title: Amino acid transport : the special case of a H/L-glutamate cotransport system in Asparagus sprengeri mesophyll cells /

subject:
Amino acids.
Asparagus sprengeri.
Cells.

abstract:
The addition of L-Glutamate (L-GLU) and L-Hethionine
~ulfoximine (L-HSO) to mechanically isolated. photosynthetically
competent, Asparagus sprengeri mesophyll cells
~u~pended in 1mM CaS04 cau~ed an immediate transient
alkalinization of the cell su~pension medium in both the light
and dark. The alkalinization response was specific and
stereospecific as none of the L-isomers of the other 19 protein
amino acids tested or D-GLU gave this response. Uptake of
14C-L-GLU was stimulated by the light. The addition of
non-radioactive L-GLU. or L-GLU analogs together with
14C-L-GLU showed that only L-GLU and L-HSO stimulated
alkalinization whilst inhibiting the uptake of 14C-L-GLU.
Both the L-GLU dependent alkalinization and the upt~ke of
14C-L-GLU were stimulated when the external pH was decreased
from 6.5 to 5.5. Increasing external K+ concentrations
inhibited the uptake of 14C-L-GLU. Fusicoccin (FC)
stimulated uptake. The L-GLU dependent alkalinization re~ponse
exhibited monophasic saturation kinetics while the uptake of
14C-L-GLU exhibited biphasic saturation kinetics. In
addition to a saturable component. the uptake kinetics also
showed a linear component of uptake. Addition of L-GLU and L-MSO
caused internal acidification of the cell as measured by a change
in the distribution of 14C-DMO. There was no change in
K+ efflux when L-GLU was added. A H+ to L-GLUinflux
stoichiometry of 3:1 wa~ mea~ured at an external I.-GLU
concentration of O.5mM and increased with increasing external
13
L-QLU concentration. Metabolism of L-GLU was detected
manometrlcally by observing an increase in COa evolution
upon the addition of L-QLU and by detection of i*C02
evolution upon the addition of »*C-L-GLU. »*C02
evolution was higher in the dark than in the light.
The data are consistent with the operation of a
H+/L-QLO cotransport system. The data also show that
attempts to quantify the stoichlometry of the process were
complicated by the metabolism of L-GLU.


title: Reactivity characteristics of cytochrome c, cytochrome oxidase and the electrostatic cytochrome c - cytochrome oxidase complex /

subject:
Cytochrome c.
Oxidases.

abstract:
The mechanism whereby cytochrome £ oxidase catalyses elec-.
tron transfer from cytochrome £ to oxygen remains an unsolved
problem. Polarographic and spectrophotometric activity measurements
of purified, particulate and soluble forms of beef heart
mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase presented in this thesis confirm
the following characteristics of the steady-state kinetics
with respect to cytochrome £: (1) oxidation of ferrocytochrome
c is first order under all conditions. -(2) The relationship
between sustrate concentration and velocity is of the
Michaelis-Menten type over a limited range of substrate. concentrations
at high ionic strength. (3) ~he reaction rate is
independent from oxygen concentration until very low levels
of oxygen. (4) "Biphasic" kinetic plots of enzyme activity as
a function of substrate concentration are found when the range
of cytochrome c concentrations is extended; the biphasicity
~
is more apparent in low ionic strength buffer. These results
imply two binding sites for cytochrome £ on the oxidase; one
of high affinity and one of low affinity with Km values of
1.0 pM and 3.0 pM, respectively, under low ionic strength
conditions. (5) Inhibition of the enzymic rate by azide is
non-c~mpetitive with respect to cytochrome £ under all conditions
indicating an internal electron transfer step, and not binding
or dissociation of £ from the enzyme is rate limiting.
The "tight" binding of cytochrome '£ to cytochrome c oxidase
is confirmed in column chromatographic experiments. The complex
has a cytochrome £:oxidase ratio of 1.0 and is dissociated in
media of high ionic strength.
Stopped-flow spectrophotometric studies of the reduction
of equimolar mixtures and complexes of cytochrome c and
the oxidase were initiated in an attempt to assess the functional
relevance of such a complex. Two alternative routes -for
reduction of the oxidase, under conditions where the predominant
species is the £ - aa3 complex, are postulated; (i) electron
transfer via tightly bound cytochrome £, (ii) electron
transfer via a small population of free cytochrome c interacting
at the "loose" binding site implied from kinetic studies.
It is impossible to conclude, based on the results obtained,
which path is responsible for the reduction of cytochrome a.
The rate of reduction by various reductants of free
cytochrome £ in high and low ionic strength and of cytochrome
£ electrostatically bound to cytochrome oxidase was investigated.
Ascorbate, a negatively charged reagent, reduces free
cytochrome £ with a rate constant dependent on ionic strength,
whereas neutral reagents TMPD and DAD were relatively unaffected
by ionic strength in their reduction of cytochrome c. The
zwitterion cysteine behaved similarly to uncharged reductants
DAD and TI~PD in exhibiting only a marginal response to ionic
strength. Ascorbate reduces bound cytochrome £ only slowly,
but DAD and TMPD reduce bound cytochrome £ rapidly. Reduction
of cytochrome £ by DAD and TMPD in the £ - aa3 complex was
enhanced lO-fold over DAD reduction of free £ and 4-fold over
TMPD reduction of free c. Thus, the importance of ionic
strength on the reactivity of cytochrome £ was observed with
the general conclusion being that on the cytochrome £ molecule
areas for anion (ie. phosphate) binding, ascorbate reduction
and complexation to the oxidase overlap. The increased reducibility
for bound cytochrome £ by reductants DAD and TMPD
supports a suggested conformational change of electrostatically
bound c compare.d to free .£.
In addition, analysis of electron distribution between
cytochromes £ and a in the complex suggest that the midpotential
of cytochrome ~ changes with the redox state of the
oxidase. Such evidence supports models of the oxidase which
suggest interactions within the enzyme (or c - enzyme complex)
result in altered midpoint potentials of the redox centers.


title: Development of hypogene and supergene alteration and copper mineralization patterns, Sar Cheshmeh porphyry copper deposits, Iran /

subject:
Copper ores
Porphyry

abstract:
The formation of the Sar Cheshmeh porphyry Cu-Mo
deposit is related to the culmination of calc-alkaline igneous
activity in the Kerman region.
The deposit comprises a suite of Late Cenozoic
intrusive sub-volcanic and extrusive rocks emplaced into a
folded series of Eocene andesitic lavas and pyroclastic
sediments. The earliest stage of magmatism was emplacement of
a large granodiorite stock about 29 m.y.b.p. This was followed
by intrusion of two separate porphyritic bodies at 15 (Sar
Cheshrneh porphyry) and 12 m.y.b.p. (Late porphyry) and a
series of sub-volcanic dikes between 12 and 9 m.y.b.p.
Magmatic activity terminated with multi-phase extrusion of
a Pelean dacitic dome complex between 10 and 2.8 m.y.b.p.
The country rocks and the earlier porphyritic
intrusions are pervasively altered to biotite-rich potassium
silicate (metasomatic and hydrothermal) sericite-clay, phyllic
and chlorite-clay, argillic assemblages. These grade outwards
to an extensive propylitic zone. Within the ore body, the
later intra-. and post-mineral dikes only reach the propylitic
grade. At least three different sets of quartz veins are
present, including a sericite-chlorite-quartz set which
locally retrogrades pervasive secondary biotite to sericite.
In the hypogene zone, metasomatic and hydrothermal
alteration is related to all stages of magmatism but copper
mineralization and veining are restricted to a period of 15
to 9 m.y.b.p.related to the early intrusive phases.

The copper mineralization and silicate alteration do
not fit a simple annular ring model but have been greatly
modified by, 1. The existence of an ititial, outer ring,
of metasomatic alteration overprinted by an inner.ring of
hydrothermal alteration and, 2. later extensive dilating
effects of intra- and post-mineral dikes.
The hydrothermal clay mineral assemblage in the hypogene
zone is illite-chlorite-kaolinite-smectite (beidellite).
Preliminary studies indicate that the amount of each of these
clays varies vertically and that hydrothermal zonation of
clay minerals is possible. However, these minerals alter to
illite-kaolinite assemblages in the supergene sulfide zone
and to more kaolinite-rich assemblages in the supergene leached
zone. Hydrothermal biotite breaks down readily in the supergene
zone and is not well preserved in surface outcrops.
The distribution of copper minerals in the supergene
sulfide enrichment zone is only partly related to rock type
being more dependent on topography and the availability of
fractures.


title: Geology of the Rankin Inlet area, Northwest Territories /

subject: Geology

abstract:
The Rankin Inlet area, on the west shore of Hudson Bay
in the Northwest Territories, is in the Churchill Structural
Province. Metamorphosed volcanic and sedimentary rocks,
previously mapped as Archean and part of the Kaminak Group,
underlie most of the area. The Rankin Inlet Group consists
of greywacke, with minor conglomeratic greywacke, quartzite
and dolomite, overlain by massive and pillowed basaltic flows.
Gabbro sills intrude the sediments near the base of the volcanic
sequence and three serpentinite sills outcrop at the base of
the volcanic sequence. The sediments are in fault-contact with
quartz monzonite to the south and were intruded by granitic
rocks to the northwest. Two periods of folding were defined by
the mapping. The first generation folds are recumbent isoclinal
folds, with northwest-trending and northeast-dipping axial
planes, formed through gravitational sliding. The second
generation folds are symmetrically disposed about the axis of
the granitic intrusion and have east-southeast trending and
nearly vertical axial planes. Whole-rock analysis of 64 rock
samples indicates that metasomatic alteration accompanied the
intrusion of both the granitic rocks and the serpentinite. The
volcanic rocks, gabbro and serpentinite were derived from a
magma of oceanic tholeiitic affinities. The stratigraphic
sequence and chemistry of the volcanic rocks of the Rankin Inlet
Group indicate that this assemblage is correlative with the
Hurwitz Group rather than the Kaminak Group and is therefore
Aphebian in age.


title: An investigation of ethylene inhibition of growth in etiolated Avena sativa coleoptiles /

subject:
Oats.
Plants
Plant physiology.
Etiolation.

abstract:
Growth rates of etiolated Avena sativa coleoptiles in pH 7.0
buffered medium are stimulated in a synergistic manner by IAA and 320
~l/l carbon dioxide. The suggestion that carbon dioxide stimulated
growth involves dark fixation is supported by the ability of 1 mM
malate to replace carbon dioxide, with neither factor able to stimulate
growth in the presence of the other (Bown, Dymock and Aung, 1974).
The regulation of Avena coleoptile growth by ethylene has been
investigated in the light of this data and the well documented
antagonism between carbon dioxide and ethylene in the regulation of
developmental processes. The influence of various permutations of
ethylene, IAA, carbon dioxide and malate on the rates of growth,
l4c-bicarbonate incorporation, l4C-bicarbonate fixation, and malate
decarboxylation have been investigated.
In the presence of 320 ~l/l carbon dioxide, 10.8 ~l/l ethylene
inhibited growth both in the absence and presence of 20 ~M IAA with
inhibition times, of 8-10 and 12-13 minutes respectively. In contrast
ethylene inhibition of growth was not significant in the absence of
growth stimulation by CO2 or 1 mM malate, and the normal growth
increases in response to CO2 and malate were blocked by the simultaneous
application of ethylene. The rates of incorporation and dark
fixation of l4C-bicerbonate were not measurably. influenced by
ethylene, IAA or malate, either prior to or during the changes in
growth ,ates induced by these agents.
The data does not support the hypothesis that ethylene inhibition
of growth results from an inhibition of dark fixation, but suggests
that ethylene may inhibit a process which is subsequent to fixation.


title: Geology of the Sand Creek porphyry molybdenum prospect /

subject: Geology Porphyry Molybdenum. Prospecting

abstract:
The Sand Creek Prospect is located within the eastern
exposed margin of the Coast Plutonic Complex. The occurrence
is a plug and dyke porphyry molybdenum deposit. The rock
types, listed in decreasing age: 1) metamorphlc schists
and gneisses; 2) diorite suite rocks - diorite, quartz
diorite, tonalite; 3) rocks of andesitic composition;
4) granodiorites, coarse porphyritic granodiorite, quartzfeldspar
porphyry, feldspar porphyry; and 5) lamprophyre.
Hydrothermal alteration is known to have resulted from
emplacement of the hornblende-feldspar porphyry through
to the quartz-feldspar porphyry. Molybdenum mineralization
is chiefly associated with the quartz-feldspar porphyry.
Ore mineralogy is dominated by pyrite with subordinate
molybdenite, chalcopyrite, covelline, sphalerite, galena,
scheelite, cassiterite and wolframite. Molybdenite exhibits
a textural gradation outward from the quartz-feldspar porphyry.
That is, disseminated rosettes and rosettes in quartz veins
to fine-grained molybdenite in quartz veins and potassic
altered fractures to fine-grained molybdenite paint or
6mears in the peripheral zones.
The quartz-feldspar porphyry dykes were emplaced in
an inhomogeneous stress field. The trend of dykes, faults
and shear zones is 0^1° to 063° and dips between 58° NW
and 86* SE. Joint Pole distribution reflects this fault
orientation. These late deformatior maxima are probably superimposed upon annuli representing diapiric emplacement of the plutons.
A model of emplacement involving two magmatic pulses
is given in the following sequence: Diorite pulse (i) dioritequartz
diorite, (ii) tonalites; granodiorite pulse (iii)
hornblende-fildspar microporphyry, hornblende/biotite porphyry,
(iv) coarse grained granodiorite, (v) quartz-feldspar porphyry,
(vi) feldspar porphyry, and (vii) lamprophyre.
The combination of plutonic and coarse porphyritic
textures, extensive propylitic overprinting of potassic
alteration assemblages suggests that the. prospect represents
the lower reaches of a porphyry system.


title: A reconnaissance study of the metamorphic petrology and volcanic geochemistry of a portion of the Island Lake greenstone belt, Manitoba /

subject:
Petrology
Geology
Metamorphism (Geology)
Volcanism
Geochemistry.

abstract:
The Island Lake greenstone belt is one of the major
Archean supracrustal exposures in the northwestern part of
the Superior Province of the Canadian Shield. This belt is
subdivided into two units: 1) a lower sequence characterised
by pillowed to massive, locally pyroclastic, basalt to andesite
with a thin central zone of felsic derivatives, all of which
are interbedded with and overlain by thick sequences of
turbidite facies rock; 2) the upper unit which consists of
thick stratified conglomerate overlain by thickly bedded
arkose and feldspathic greywacke.
Reconnaissance sampling traverses were completed across
both the strike of the belt and along its margins with
adjacent granitoids.
Most of the belt is within the greenschist metamorphic
f acies with amphibolite facies occurring in certain areas
near t he margins. A post-tectonic, low pressure thermal event
may be responsible for the development of a unit of cordierite
schi s t which stretches southeastwards from the east end of
Cochrane Bay.
Volcanism is cyclical in nature changing from tholeiitic
to calc-alkaline. There is a general progression in the
character of the lavas from mafic t o felsic with stratigraphic
height. Chemica l d a ta sugges t that h i gh level fractionation
of a mantle- derived ' dry' magma i s t he s ource of the thole i iti c
lavas. Contamination of this magma with 'we t' sia l and
subsequent fractionation may be r esponsi b l e for the calcalkaline
phases .Observations of stratigraphic relationships (in particular
the contact between the supracrustals and the granitoids)
coupled with the metamorphic and chemical studies, allow the
construction of a preliminary model for the evolution of the
Island Lake greenstone belt. The following sequential development
is suggested: 1) a platform stage characterised by the
subaqueous effusion of mafic to intermediate lavas of alternating
tholeiitic and calc-alkaline affinities; 2) an edifice
stage marked by the eruption of felsic calc-alkaline rocks;
3) an erosional stage characterised by the deposit~on of thick
sequences of turbidite facies rocks; 4) the impingement of
granitic masses into the margins of the greenstone belt,
which was probably related to a downward warping of the supracrustal
pilei 5) the erosion of sialic massifs surrounding
and within the greenstone belt and of early supracrustal
piles, to give the clastic upper unit.


title: Coriolis effects in symmetric top spectra /

subject:
Raman effect.
Symmetry (Physics)
Spectrum analysis.

abstract:
The "x-y Coriolis Coupling Theory" as presented by Dilauro and
Mills (1966) is reformulated and extended to the determination of
Raman intensities. Theoretical Raman and Infrared spectra are
computed in order to understand the effects due to this coupling in
both types of spectra. Both the Infrared and Raman spectra obtained
indicate very real effects due to Coriolis coupling. In some of the
cases chosen the computed spectra are grossly different from the
normal spectra where coupling is absent. Such large effects can
greatly impede the interpretation of experimental results. Theoretical
spectra therefore aids in the interpretation of experimental
results, as is clearly demonstrated in the results of this work.


title: Relationship between photoperiod, plasma concentration of ionic calcium and the histology of the prolactin-secreting cells of the rostral pars distalis of the pituitary gland, the corpuscles of stannius and the ultimobranchial gland in the goldfish, Carassius auratus L. /

subject:
Goldfish.
Photoperiodism.
Pituitary gland.
Ultimobranchial body.
Histology.
Cells.
Calcium ions.
Secretion.

abstract:
The relationship between photoperiod, plasma
concentration of ionic calcium and the histology of the
prolactin-secreting cells of the rostral pars distalis of
the pituitary gland, the Corpuscles of Stannius and the
Ultimobranchial gland were investigated. Neither the plasma
concentration of ionic calcium nor histologically apparent
prolactin cell activity could be correlated with photoperiod.
Some evidence of a photoperiodic effect on both the Corpuscles
of Stannius and the Ultimobranchial gland was obtained. The
expected reciprocal relationship between the activity of
these glands was not obvious at the histological level
.
Quantitative and qualitative analysis at the light
microscope level revealed, however, that the hormone
prolactin-secreting eta cells of the rostral pars distalis
and the hypocalcin-secreting cells of the Corpuscles of
Stannius may be arranged in a lamellar pattern comprized of
synchronous bands of cells in like-phase of a secretory
cycle consisting of four stages - synthesis, storage, release
and reorganization. Such synchronized cell cycles in these
glands have not heretofore been described in literature.
It is suggested that the maintenance of at least 255? of
the cells in any one phase of the cycle ensures a supply of
the required hormone at all times.


title: Effect of citrate on the redox properties of cytochrome C and its kinetic and binding behaviour with cytochrome oxidase /

subject:
Cytochrome c.
Oxidation-reduction reaction.
Oxidases.
Citrates.

abstract:
Increasing citrate concentration, at constant ionic strength (30 mM)
decreases the rate of cytochrome ~ reduction by ascorbate. This effect
is also seen at both high (600 mM) and low (19 mM) ionic strengths, and the
Kapp for citrate increases with increasing ionic strength. Citrate binds
d
both ferri -and ferrocytochrome ~, but with a lower affinity for the
latter form (Kox . .red
d
= 2 mM, Kd = 8 mM) as shown by an equilibrium assay
with N,N,N',N', Tetramethyl E- phenylenediamine. The reaction of
ferricytochrome ~with cyanide is also altered in the presence of
citrate: citrate increases the K~PP for cyanide. Column chromatography
of cytochrome ~-cytochrome oxidase mixtures shows citrate increases the
dissociation constant of the complex. These results are confirmed in
kinetic assays for the "loose"site (Km = 20 pM) only. The effect of
increasing citrate observable at the "tight" site (Km = 0.25 pM) is on
the turnover number and not on the K . These results suggest a mechanism
m
where anion binding to cytochrome £ at the tight site affects the
equilibrium between two forms of cytochrome c bound cytochrome oxidase:
an active and an inactive one.


title: The normal co-ordinate analysis, vibrational spectra and theoretical infrared intensities of some thiocarbonyl halide molecules /

subject:
Halides
Infrared spectra.
Carbonyl compounds.

abstract:
TITLE: The normal co-ordinate analysis, vibrational spectra and
theoretical infrared intensities of some thiocarbonyl halides.
AUTHOR: J. L. Brema
SUPERVISOR: Dr. D. C. Moule
NUMBER OF PAGES: 89
ABSTRACT: The vibrational assignment of the five-in-plane fundamental
modes of CSClBr has been made on the basis of infrared gas phase
and liquid Raman spectral analyses to supplement our earlier
vibrational studies. Even though the one out-of-plane fundamental
was not observed spectroscopically an attempt has been
made to predict its frequency. The vibrational spectra contained
impurity bands and the CSClBr assignment was made only after a
thorough analysis of the impurities themselves.
A normal co-ordinate analysis calculation was performed
assuming a Urey-Bradley force field. This calculation yielded
the fundamental frequencies in good agreement with those observed
after refinement of the originally transferred force constants.
The theoretical frequencies are the eigenvalues of the secular
equation and the calculation also gave the corresponding
eigenvectors in the form of the very important LLj matrix. The
[l] matrix is the transfoirmation between internal co-ordinates
and normal co-ordinates and it is essential for Franck-Condon
calculations on electronically excited molecules and for infrared
Integrated band intensity studies.
Using a self-consistent molecular orbital calculation
termed "complete neglect of differential overlap" (CNDO/2) ,
theoretical values of equilibrium bond lengths and angleswere calcuted for a series of carbonyl and thlocarbonyl
molecules. From these calculations valence force field force
constants were also determined but with limited success.
With the CNIX)/2 method theoretical dipole moment derivatives
with respect to symmetrized internal co-ordinates were calculated
and the results should be useful in a correlation with experimentally
determined values.


title: Geology of the Gander Group, Gander River Ultramafic Belt and Davidsville Group in the Jonathan's Pond - Weir's Pond Area, northeast Newfoundland /

subject: Geology Geology

abstract:
The study area is situated in NE Newfoundland between
Gander Lake and the north coast and on the boundary between
the Gander and Botwood tectonostratigraphic zones (Williams
et al., 1974).
The area is underlain by three NE trending units; the
Gander Group, the Gander River Ultramafic Belt (the GRUB)
and the Davidsville Group. The easternmost Gander Group
consists of a thick, psammitic unit composed predominantly
of psammitic schist and a thinner, mixed unit of semipelitic
and pelitic schist with minor psammite. The mixed unit may
stratigraphically overlie the psammitic unit or be a lateral
facies equivalent of the latter. No fossils have been
recovered from the Gander Group. The GRUB is a terrain of
mafic and ultramafic plutonic rocks with minor pillow lava
and plagiogranite. It is interpreted to be a dismembered
ophiolite in thrust contact with the Gander Group. The
westernmost Davidsville Group consists of a basal conglomerate,
believed deposited unconformably upon the GRUB from
which it was derived, and an upper unit of greywacke and
slate, mostly of turbidite origin, with minor limestone and
calcareous sandstone. The limestone, which lies near the
base of the unit, contains Upper Llanvirn to Lower Llandeilo
fossils.
The Gander and Davidsville Groups display distinctly
different sedimentological , structural and metamorphic histories.
The Gander Group consists of quartz-rich, relatively
mature sediment. It has suffered three pre-Llanvirn deformations,
of which the main deformation, Dp produced a
major, NE-N-facing recumbent anticline in the southern
part of the study area. Middle greenschist conditions existed
from D^ to D- with growth of metamorphic minerals
during each dynamic and static phase. In contrast, the
mineralogically immature Davidsville Group sediment contains
abundant mafic and ultramafic detritus which is absent
from the Gander Group. The Davidsville Group displays the
effects of a single penetrative deformation with localized
D_ and D_ features, all of which can be shown to postdate
D_ in the Gander Group. Rotation of the flat Gander S- into
a subvertical orientation near the contact with the GRUB
and the Davidsville Group is believed to be a Davidsville
D^ feature. Regional metamorphism in the Davidsville Group
is lower greenschist with a single growth phase, MS .
These sedimentological, structural and metamorphic differences
between the Gander and Davidsville Groups persist
even where the GRUB is absent and the two units are in contact,
indicating that the tectonic histories of the Gander
and Davidsville Groups are distinctly different.
Structural features in the GRUB, locally the result of
multiple deformations, may be the result of Gander and/or
Davidsville deformations. Metamorphism is in the greenschist
facies. Geochemical analyses of the pillow lava suggest
that these rocks were formed in a back-arc basin. Mafic
intrusives in the Gander Group appear to be the result of
magraatism separate from that producing the pillow lava.
The Gander Group is interpreted to be a continental
rise prism deposited on the eastern margin of the Late
Precambrian-Lower Paleozoic lapetus Ocean. The GRUB,
oceanic crust possibly formed in a marginal basin to the
west, is believed to have been thrust eastward over the
Gander Group, deforming the latter, during the pre-Llanvirnian,
possibly Precambrian, Ganderian Orogeny. The
Middle Ordovician and younger Davidsville Group was derived
from, and deposited unconformably on, this deformed terrain.
Deformation of the Davidsville Group occurred during the
Middle Devonian Acadian Orogeny.


title: Implementing a question-generation strategy with bilingual students: exploring the perspectives of a beginning teacher /

subject:
Learning strategies
Reading comprehension
Bilingualism
First year teachers.

abstract:
This study examined the challenges associated with the explicit delivery of questiongeneration
strategy with 8 Arab Canadian students from the perspective of a bilingual
beginning teacher. This study took place in a private school and involved 2 stages
consisting of 9 instructional sessions, and individual interviews with the students. Data
gathered from these interviews and the researcher's field notes from the sessions were
used to gain insights about the participants' understanding and use of explicit instruction.
The themes that emerged from the data included "teacher attitude," "students' enhanced
metacognitive awareness and strategy use," "listening skills," and "instructional
challenges." Briefly, teacher's attitude demonstrated how teacher's beliefs and
knowledge influenced her willingness and perseverance to teach explicitly. Students'
enhanced metacognitive awareness and strategy use included students' understanding and
use of the question-generation strategy. The students' listening skills suggested that
culture may influence their response to the delivery of explicit instruction. Here, the
cultural expectations associated with being a good listener reinforced students'
willingness to engage in this strategy. Students' prior knowledge also influenced their
interaction with the question-generation strategy. Time for process versus covering
content was a dominant instructional challenge. This study provides first hand
information for teachers when considering how students' cultural backgrounds may affect
their reactions to explicit strategy instruction.


title: An exploration of women elementary school teachers' perceptions of how their decision to return to teaching part-time from a maternity leave influences their professional and personal lives /

subject:
Elementary school teachers
Maternity leave

abstract:
The purpose of this research was to explore women elementary teachers'
perceptions of how their decision to return to teaching part-time from a maternity
leave influences their professional and personal lives. The investigation focused on
the decisions surrounding a mother's choice to reenter the teaching profession parttime
in a field where each mother had previously been employed full-time.
A collective case study was undertaken based on an in-depth interview with
five mothers who had made the choice to return to the classroom part-time. The data
collected in this study were analyzed and interpreted using qualitative methods.
The following four major themes emerged from the interviews: decisionmaking
process, challenges faced by mothers who teach part-time, the importance of
support, and the enhancement of instructional practice from parenthood. Using these
four themes, an analysis was conducted to examine the similarities and differences
among the experiences of the participants.
The mothers' reflections, my analysis, and the related literature were used at
the conclusion of this report to compile implications for teaching practice, theory, and
further research.


title: Exploring female graduate students' multifaceted and intersecting roles and identities in a complex educational milieu /

subject:
Women
Women
Self-perception in women

abstract:
This qualitative phenomenological investigation explored six female Master of
Education students' critical understandings of their identity and role negotiations, and
their perceptions of environmental conditions that facilitated or impeded their identity
explorations and negotiations within the institution. The interweaving of Feminist and
Women's Development theories enabled the data to be examined under different, yet
complementary, lenses. The data collection strategies included: four to five in-depth
semistructured interviews, three take-home activities (involving identity mapping, object
and metaphor identification, and strategy development), and the compilation of extensive
interview notes as well as researcher reflections. The combination of a constant
comparative method and a voice-centered method were used in tandem to analyze the
data. Together they uncovered five emergent themes: (a) intricate understandings of key
terms; (b) life-long learning and transformative pathways; (c) gender issues; (d)
challenges, tensions, and possibilities; as well as (e) personal, professional, and
educational implications. The findings underscored the possibility for both a singular
static identity and dynamic multifaceted identities to exist in tandem, and the emergence
of natural or logical identity intersections, as well as disjointed or colliding identity
intersections. Ultimately, it is the continuous negotiation of internal and external spheres
that contributes to the complexity and multidimensionality of graduate students'
identities.


title: The cardiovascular hemodynamic responses to various levels of orthostatic stress in children

subject:
Cardiovascular system
Exercise

abstract:
The ability of the cardiovascular system to quickly and efficiently adapt to an
orthostatic stress is vital for the human body to function on earth. The way in which the
various aspects of the cardiovascular system work together to counteract an orthostatic
stress has been previously quantified in the adult population. However, there are still
many unknowns surrounding the topic of how the cardiovascular system functions to
cope with this same stress in children. The purpose of this study was to describe the
cardiovascular hemodynamic adaptations to various levels of orthostatic stress induced
using a lower body negative pressure (LBNP) chamber in pre-pubertal boys. A secondary
purpose was to determine indices of baroreceptor sensitivity (BRS) at both rest and
during low levels of LBNP in this same pediatric sample. Finally, this study aimed to
compare the relative responses to LBNP between the children and adults. To complete
the study 20 healthy pre-pubertal boys and adult males (9.3 ± 1.1 and 23 ± 1.8 years of
age respectively) were recruited and randomly exposed to three levels of LBNP (15, 20
and 25 mmHg). At rest and during the application of the LBNP heart rate (HR), manual
and bcat-by-beat systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP) and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP)
were monitored continuously. Aortic diameter was measured at rest and peak aortic blood
velocity (PV) was recorded continuously for at least I minute during each baseline and
LBNP condition. From the raw data HR, stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (Q), total
peripheral resistance (TPR), low frequency baroreceptor sensitivity (LF BRS), high
frequency baroreceptor sensitivity (HF BRS) and LFIIIF ratio were calculated. At rest,
llR wa'i higher and SBP, SV, Q and LF/HF ratio were lower in the children compared to
the adult males (pgJ.05). In response to the increasing LEN!> IIR and TPR increased, and
LF BRS. SV and Q decreased in the adult group (pSf).05). while the same levels of LBNP
caused an increase in TPR and a decrease in SBP, SV and Q in the children (pSf).05).
Although not significant, the LF/HF ratio in the adult group showed an increasing trend
in response to increased negative pressure (p=O.088). As for resting BRS, there were no
significant differences in LF or HF BRS between the children and the adults despite a
tendency for both measures to be 18% lower in the children. Also the LF/HF ratio was
almost significantly greater in the adults compared to the children (p=O.057). In addition,
a comparison between the relative adult and child responses to LBNP yielded no
significant group by level interactions. This result should be taken with caution though,
as the low sample size and high measurement variability generated very low statistical
power for this analysis. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that the
hemodynamic adaptations to an orthostatic stress were less pronounced in the prepubertal
males, most likely due to an underdeveloped autonomic system. These results
need to be strengthened by further research before any implications can be derived for
health care purposes.


title: Optical properties of organic superconductor K-(BETS)2FeBr4 /

subject: Organic superconductors

abstract:
K-(BETS)2FeBr4 is a quasi-2D charge transfer organic metal with interesting electronic and magnetic
properties. It undergoes a transition to an antiferromagnetic (AF) state at ambient pressure at the
Neel temperature (T^^) = 2.5 K, as well as to a superconducting (SC) state at 1.1 K [1].
The temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity shows a small decrease at T;v indicating
the resistivity drops as a result of the onset of the ordering of Fe'*''" spins. A sharp drop in the
resistivity at 1.1 K is due to its superconducting transition. The temperature dependence of the
susceptibility indicates an antiferromagnetic spin structure with the easy axis parallel to the a-axis.
The specific heat at zero-field shows a large peak at about 2.4 K, which corresponds to the antiferromagnetic
transition temperature (Tat) and no anomaly is observed around the superconducting
transition temperature (1.1 K) demonstrating that the magnetically ordered state is not destroyed
by the appearance of another phase transition (the superconducting transition) in the 7r-electron
layers [1], [2].
This work presents an investigation of how the low frequency electromagnetic response is affected
by the antiferromagnetic and superconducting states, as well as the onset of strong correlation.
The location of the easy axis of three samples was determined and polarized thermal reflectance
measurements of these «-(BETS)2FeBr4 samples oriented with their vertical axis along the a- and
c axes were then carried out using a *He refrigerator cryostat and a Martin-Puplett type polarizing
interferometer at various temperatures (T = 0.5 K, 1.4 K. 1.9 K, 2.8 K) above and below the
superconducting state and/or antiferromagnetic state.
Comparison of the SC state to the normal state along the o- and c-axes indicates a rising thermal
reflectance at low frequencies (below 10 cm"' ) which may be a manifestation of the superconducting
energy gap. A dip-Hke feature is detected at low frequencies (below 15 cm"') in the thermal
reflectance plots which probe the antiferromagnetic state along the two axes, and may be due to the opening of a gap in the excitation spectrum as a result of the antiferromagnetism.
In another set of experiments, thermal reflectance measurements carried out along the a- and
c-axes at higher temperatures (10 K-80 K) show that the reflectivity decreases with increasing
temperature to 60 K (the coherence temperature) above which it increases again. Comparison of
the thermal reflectance plots along the a- and c-axes at higher temperatures reveals an anisotropy
between these two axes.
The Hagen-Rubens thermal reflectance plots corresponding to an average over the ac-plane were
calculated using experimental hterature resistivity values. Comparison of the Hagen-Rubens plots
with the experimental thermal reflectance along the a- and c-axes indicates that both exhibit the
general trend of a decrease in thermal reflectance with increasing frequency, however the calculated
Hagen-Rubens thermal reflectance at different temperatures is much lower than the experimental
curves.


title: Synthesis of fluorescent analogues of a-tocopherol as ligands for the human a-tocopherol transfer protein (a-TTP) /

subject:
Ligand binding (Biochemistry)
Lipids
Vitamin E.
Confocal microscopy.

abstract:
To further understand in vivo localization and trafficking of a-tocopherol (a-Toe), the most
biologically active form of vitamin E, between lipid environments, tocopherols are required that
can be followed by teclu1iques such as confocal microscopy and fluorescence resonance energy
transfer (FRET) assays. To this end, sixteen fluorescent analogues of a-tocopherol (la-d [(1)anthroy
loxy -a-tocopherols, A O-a-Toes], 2a-d [w-nitro benzoxadiazole-a-tocopherols, NBD-aToes],
3a-d [w-dansyl-a-tocopherols, DAN-a-Toes], and 4a-d [w-N-methylanthranilamide-atocopherols,
NMA-a-TocsD were prepared by substituting fluorescent labels at the terminus of
w-functionalized alkyl chains extending from C-2 of the chroman ring while retaining key
binding features of the natural ligand.
These compounds were prepared starting from (S)-Trolox® acid VIa esterification,
protection, and reduction producing the silyl-protected (S)-Trolox aldehyde that was coupled
using Wittig chemistry to different w-hydroxyalkylphosphonium bromides. Reduction of the
alkene generated the w-hydroxy functionalized 2-n-alkyl intermediates 9a-d having the
necessary 2R stereochemistry. A series of functional group manipulations including mesylation,
substitution with azide, and hydride reduction provided w-amino functionalized intermediates
12a-d as well. Coupling intermediates 9a-d and 12a-d with the selected fluorophores (9-
anthracene carboxylic acid, 4-chloro-7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-l,3-diazole, 5-
dimethylaminonapthalene-l-sulfonyl chloride, and I-methyl-2H-3,1-benzoxazine-2,4(1H)dione),
followed by deprotection of the phenolic silyl group, gave the desired fluorescent ligands
la-d, 2a-d, 3a-d and 4a-d in good yield.
Assessment of their binding affinities with recombinant human a-tocopherol transfer
protein (ha-TTP) utilizing fluorescent titration binding assays identified competent ligands for further use in protein studies. Compounds Id (C9-AO-a-Toc) and 2d (C9-NBD-a-Toc) both
having nonyl alkyl chain extensions between the chromanol and fluorophore were shown to bind
specifically to ha-TTP with dissociation constants (KdS) of approximately 280 nM and 55 nM respectively, as compared to 25 nM for the natural ligand 2R,4'R,^'R-a-tocophQxoL.


title: Prevalence of overweight and obesity in children from urban and rural Niagara

subject:
Overweight children
Obesity in children
City children
Rural children
Human beings
Urban health.

abstract:
Purpose: The influence of environment in the development of overweight and obesity is
an ongoing concern. This investigation examined the influence of urbanization on the
rates of childhood overweight and obesity.
Method: 2167 (1090M, 1077F) grade four children from 75 schools in Ontario's Niagara
Region were sampled. A sophisticated algorithm overlaying electoral boundaries,
population densities, and the knowledge of community members was used to classify
schools into one of three location categories: urban {N= 1588), urban fringe {N= 379),
and rural (A^= 234). Each subject was measured for: height, weight, and aerobic
performance (Leger). Physical activity was evaluated with the self-report Participation
Questionnaire (free-time and organized sport activities), and teacher's evaluations of
student activity. Overweight (overweight and obesity combined) was measured both as a
continuous (BMI) and categorical variable (BMI category), to evaluate the prevalence by
location. A multivariate analysis was used to test for a suppression effect.
Results: BMI and BMI category did not differ significantly by location or gender, and no
evidence of a gender interaction existed. According to both a linear and logistic
regression, physical activity or fitness levels did not suppress the influence of location on
BMI and BMI category. Age, gender, free-time activity, organized sports, fitness level,
and number of siblings, were all found to significantly influence overweight.
Conclusions: It is plausible that the prevalence of overweight does not differ in urban and
rural children from the Niagara Region. Further investigation is recommended,
examining subjects by individual location of residence, in multiple regions throughout
Ontario.


title: Far infrared optical properties of V and Cr doped Sb2Te3 /

subject: Optical properties

abstract:
The far infrared reflectance of Sb2Te3 , Sbi.97Vo.o3Te3 and Sbi.94Cr .o6Te3 was measured near
normal incidence at different temperatures (between 45K and 300K). The direct current
resistivities of the above samples were also measured between the temperatures of 4K and
300K. Also Kramers Kronig (KK) analyses were performed on the reflectance spectra to
obtain the optical conductivities. In the doped samples, it was observed that a phonon at
62cm-1
softens to about 55cm-1 on decreasing the temperature from 295K to 45K. Also,
it was observed that the plasma frequency of the doped samples is independent of doping.
The scattering rate for the vanadium doped sample was seen to be greater than that for
the chromium doped sample despite the fact that vanadium impurity density is less than
that of chromium. The Drude-Lorentz model fits to the KK optical conductivity show
that the samples used in this work are conventional metals. Definitive measurements of
the temperature dependence of the scattering rate across the ferromagnetic transition await
equipment changes allowing measurements at low temperature using the mercury cadmium
telluride (MCT) detector.


title: Regional variations of deformation mechanisms in the Lorrain Quartzite near Whitefish Falls, Ontario, Canada /

subject:
Quartzite
Rock deformation
Geology

abstract:
The quartzite microfabric found in the Lorrain Formation was studied across the La
Cloche syncline, along a regional north-south transect along highway 6, near Whitefish
Falls, Ontario. The complete stratigraphic sequence across the syncline is preserved, and
is present on each fold limb. The lithostratigraphic units with the smallest grains size and
lowest mica content are located close to the core of the fold, while coarser grained mica
and feldspar rich units are situated at the northern and southern most extent of the
transect. Deformation mechanisms vary with lithology and with position across the fold.
Pressure solution appears to be the dominant deformation mechanism in the feldspathic,
micaceous and ferruginous units. In the finer grained, mica poor white medium grained
and cherty sandstone units, grain boundary migration (GBM) characteristics show
dominance over those of pressure solution and show high amounts of fracturing which
cut migrated boundaries and therefore post date GBM. All samples across the fold
display a preferred orientation of quartz c-axes. The senses of asymmetry of fabrics are
found to be similar across the syncline, with the exception of the ferruginous sandstone
unit. Formation of these similar fabrics synmietries can not be the result of strain related
to first order folding. The mica content appears to be related to the percentage of quartz
lost due to pressure solution as a result of strain; the more mica present, the less quartz
was lost. Calculations based on the shape of initial grains suggest that conservatively
30% of the quartz volume has been dissolved out of the Lorrain quartzite, and potentially
migrated hundreds of meters to other members of the Huronian Supergroup as there was
no meso or macroscopic evidence observed in outcrop.


title: Decision analysis of the effectiveness of lung cancer screening using autofluorescence bronchoscopy and computed tomography

subject: Lungs Lungs Bronchoscopy.

abstract:
Background: Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer death in the
developed world. Most cancers are associated with tobacco smoking. A primary
hope for reducing lung cancer has been prevention of smoking and successful
smoking cessation programs. To date, these programs have not been as
successful as anticipated.
Objective: The aim of the current study was to evaluate whether lung cancer
screening combining low dose computed tomography with autofluorescence
bronchoscopy (combined CT & AFB) is superior to CT or AFB screening alone in
improving lung cancer specific survival. In addition, the extent of improvement
and ideal conditions for combined CT & AFB screening were evaluated.
Methods: We applied decision analysis and Monte Carlo simulation modeling
using TreeAge Software to evaluate our study aims. Histology- and stage
specific probabilities of lung cancer 5-year survival proportions were taken from
Surveillance and Epidemiologic End Results (SEER) Registry data. Screeningassociated
data was taken from the US NCI Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and
Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO), National Lung Screening Trial (NLST),
and US NCI Lung Screening Study (LSS), other relevant published data and
expert opinion.
Results: Decision Analysis - Combined CT and AFB was the best approach at
Improving 5-year survival (Overall Expected Survival (OES) in the entire
screened population was 0.9863) and in lung cancer patients only (Lung Cancer
Specific Expected Survival (LOSES) was 0.3256). Combined screening was slightly better than CT screening alone (OES = 0.9859; LCSES = 0.2966), and
substantially better than AFB screening alone (OES = 0.9842; LCSES = 0.2124),
which was considerably better than no screening (OES = 0.9829; LCSES =
0.1445). Monte Carlo simulation modeling revealed that expected survival in the
screened population and lung cancer patients is highest when screened using
CT and combined CT and AFB. CT alone and combined screening was
substantially better than AFB screening alone or no screening. For LCSES,
combined CT and AFB screening is significantly better than CT alone (0.3126 vs.
0.2938, p< 0.0001).
Conclusions: Overall, these analyses suggest that combined CT and AFB is
slightly better than CT alone at improving lung cancer survival, and both
approaches are substantially better than AFB screening alone or no screening.


title: Primary characterization of genes involved in the colony development of the insect pathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae /

subject:
Metarhizium anisopliae.
Agricultural pests

abstract:
Strain improvement of the insect pathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopUae is necessary
to increase its virulence towards agricultural pests and thus improve its commercial
efficacy. Nevertheless, the release of genetically modified conidia in crop fields may
negatively affect the ecosystem. Controlling conidiation is a potential means of limiting
the release of engineered strains since conidia are the infective propagules and the means
of dispersal. The purpose of this study was to research the colony development of M.
anisopUae to identify potential targets for genetic manipulation to control conidiation.
Following Agrobacterium tumefaciem insertional mutagenesis, phenotypic mutants were
characterized using Y-shaped adaptor dependent extension PCR. Four of 1 8 colony
development recombinants had T-DNA flanking sequences with high homology to genes
encoding known signaling pathway proteins that regulate pathogenesis and/or asexual
development in filamentous fungi. Conidial density counts and insect bioassays
suggested that a Serine/Threonine protein kinase COTl homolog is not essential for
conidiation or virulence. Furthermore, a choline kinase homolog is important for
conidiation, but not virulence. Finally, the regulator of G protein signaling CAG8 and a
NADPH oxidase NoxA homolog are necessary for conidiation and virulence. These
genes are candidates for further investigation into the regulatory pathways controlling
conidiation to yield insight into promising gene targets for biocontrol strain improvement.


title: South-South co-operation as a response to the North-South stalemate /

subject:
International relations.
International economic relations.


title: Skeletal muscle fibre-type comparison of whole tissue and subcellular membrane phospholipids and fatty acids

subject:
Striated muscle.
Phospholipids.
Fatty acids.

abstract:
Membranes are dynamic structures that affect cell structure and function.
Compositional changes ofmembranes have been shown with the application of a
perturbation; however these are limited to whole tissue analysis. The purpose of this
thesis was to compare the phospholipid (PL) fatty acid (FA) composition of rat whole
muscle (Wm) to 1) purified and non-purified subsarcolemmal (SS) mitochondria in
soleus, plantaris, and red gastrocnemius, and 2) sarcolemma, transverse-tubules, SS and
intermyofibrillar (IMF) mitochondria fix)m whole hindlimb. The major findings were that
1) contamination significantly altered the PL FA composition of the SS mitochondrial
membrane fraction, 2) Wm and SS mitochondria compositions differed between muscle
types, and 3) Wm did not accurately reflect the PL FA composition of any isolated
subcellular membranes, with each being unique from each other. As such, the relevancy
of the trends reported in the literature of the effects of perturbations on Wm may be
limited.


title: Openness and privacy in Ontario: an evaluation of the implementation of FIPPA : (The Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act, 1987, Chapter 25 and Ontario Regulation 532/87) /

subject:
Ontario
Privacy, Right of
Freedom of information

abstract:
Since the early 1970's, Canadians have expressed many concerns
about the growth of government and its impact on their daily lives. The
public has requested increased access to government documents and
improved protection of the personal information which is held in
government files and data banks. At the same time, both academics and
practitioners in the field of public administration have become more
interested in the values that public servants bring to their decisions and
recommendations. Certain administrative values, such as accountability
and integrity, have taken on greater relative importance.
The purpose of this thesis is to examine the implementation of
Ontario's access and privacy law. It centres on the question of whether or
not the Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act, 1987,
(FIPPA) has answered the demand for open access to government while at
the same time protecting the personal privacy of individual citizens. It
also assesses the extent to which this relatively new piece of legislation
has made a difference to the people of Ontario.
The thesis presents an overview of the issues of freedom of
information and protection of privacy in Ontario. It begins with the
evolution of the legislation and a description of the law itself. It focuses
on the structures and processes which have been established to meet the
procedural and administrative demands of the Act. These structures and
processes are evaluated in two ways. First, the thesis evaluates how
open the Ontario government has become and, second, it determines how

Ill
carefully the privacy rights of individuals are safeguarded. An analytical
framework of administrative values is used to evaluate the overall
performance of the government in these two areas.
The conclusion is drawn that, overall, the Ontario government has
effectively implemented the Freedom of Information and Protection of
Privacy Act, particularly by providing access to most government-held
documents. The protection of individual privacy has proved to be not only
more difficult to achieve, but more difficult to evaluate. However, the
administrative culture of the Ontario bureaucracy is shown to be
committed to ensuring that the access and privacy rights of citizens are
respected.


title: Metabolite changes during Riesling icewine fermentation when yeast micronutrients are used /

subject:
Riesling wine.
Wine and wine making
Fermentation.

abstract:
Icewine is an intensely s\veet dessert \vine fermented from the juice of naturally
frozen grapes. Icewine fermentation poses many challenges such as failure to reach
desired ethanol levels and production of high levels of volatile acidity in the fonn of
acetic acid. This study investigated the impact of micronutrient addition (GO-FERM®
and NATSTEP®) during the rehydration stage of the commercial \vine yeast
Saccharomyces cerevisiae KI-VIII6 during Ice\vine fermentation. Sterile-filtered and
unfiltered Riesling Ice\vine juice was inoculated \vith yeast rehydrated under four
different conditions: in water only; with GO-FERM®; with NATSTEP®; or the
combination of both micronutrient products in the rehydration water. Using
sterile-filtered Icewine juice, yeast rehydration had a positive impact of reducing the
rate of acetic acid produced as a function of sugar consumed, reducing the ratio of
acetic acid/ethanol and reducing the ratio of acetic acid/glycerol. In the sterile-filtered
fermentation, yeast rehydrated with micronutrients generated 9-times less acetic acid
per gram of sugar in the first 48 hours compared to yeast rehydrated only \vith water
and resulted in a 17% reduction in acetic acid in the final \vine \vhen normalized to
sugar consumed. However, the sterile-filtered fermentations likely became stuck due
to the overc1arification of the juice as evidenced from the low sugar consumption (117
gIL) that could not be completely overcome by the micronutrient treatments (144 gIL
sugar consumed) to reach a target ethanol of IO%v/v. Contrary to \vhat \vas
observed in the sterile-filtered treatements, using unfiltered Ice\vine juice, yeast
micronutrient addition had no significant impact of reducing the rate of acetic acid
produced as a function of sugar consumed, reducing the ratio of acetic acid/ethanol
and reducing the ratio of acetic acid/glycerol. However, in the unfiltered
fermentation, micronutrient addition during yeast rehydration caused a reduction in
the acetic acid produced as a function of sugar consumed up to 150 giL sugar
consumed.. In contrast to the sterile-filtered fermentations, the unfiltered
fermentations did not become stuck as evidenced from the higher sugar consumption
(l47-174g1L). The largest effects of micronutrient addition are evident in the first two
days of both sterile and unfiltered fermentations.


title: Water quality and fish populations of the Welland River, Ontario /

subject:
Water quality
Fish populations

abstract:
The water quality and fish populations of the Welland
River were observed to decline with distance downstream. This
coincided with increased agricultural , domestic and industrial
waste loadings. The river upstream of the City of Welland
received considerable loadings from agricultural sources.
Centrarchids, sciaenids, ictalurids, cyprinids and esocids
characterized this upper section of the river. Most of these
species were tolerant of low dissolved oxygen concentrations
and the high turbidity which prevailed there .
The river near Port Robinson receives many industrial
and domestic wastes as evidenced by the water quality data.
The fish in this section were less abundant and the observed
population was comprised almost solely of cyprinids. Further
downstream, near Montrose, the Welland River received shock
loads of chemical wastes that exceeded a specific conductance
of ISiOOO ;umhos/cm. Few fish were captured at this site and
those that were captured were considered to be transients.
A review of the literature revealed that none of the common
indices of water quality in use today could adequately predict
the observed distributions.
In addition to the above, the long-term trend (l3 yrs)
of water quality of the lower Welland River revealed a
gradual improvement. The major factor thought to be
responsible for this improvement was the operation of the
Welland Sewage Treatment Plant. The construction of the
New Welland Ship Canal coincided with large fluctuations of
the total solids and other parameters downstream. These
conditions prevailed for a maximum of three years (1972-
1975)' Furthermore, spawning times and temperatures,
geographic distributions, length-weight regressions and many
other descriptive aspects of the ecology of some 26 species/
taxa of fish were obtained. Several of these species are
rare or new to southern Ontario.