title: Synthetic approaches to new heterocycles containing two phosphorus atoms

subject:
Phosphine
Nucleophilic attack of phosphines
Acetylenic systems

abstract:
Reactions involving nucleophilic attack of
tertiary phosphines and related compounds upon
acetylenic systems have been reviewed and the
literature has been covered to the end of 1970.
In an extension of some of the work outlined
in the above review, the bisphosphines 1,2-
bis (diphenylphosphino)ethane, bis(diphenylphosphino)
methane, o'is 1,2-bis (diphenylphosphino)-
ethylene and trans 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)-
ethylene and the biphosphine derivative tetraphenyibiphosphine
were treated with the powerful
electrophile dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate in
attempts to synthesize new cyclic phosphonium
ylides containing two phosphorus atoms. On reaction with the acetylenic ester, the
first three of these bisphosphosphines produced
in high yield, cyclic phosphonium ylides character
ized as dimethyl 1,1,4,4-tetraphenyl-l,4-
diphosphacyclohexa-1,3-diene-2,3-dicarboxylate,
dimethyl 1,1,3,3-tetraphenyl-5^-l,3-diphosph(V)ole
4,5-dicarboxylate and dimethyl 1,1,4,4-tetraphenyl 1,4-diphosphorin-2,3-dicarboxylate respectively.
The adducts were found to be extremely sensitive
to water and they were characterized largely by
extensive spectroscopic (mainly NMR) investigations
although certain cheinical reactions assisted in
the structure determinations« Dimethyl 1,1,4,4-
tetraphenyl-1,4-diphosphorin-2,3-dicarboxylate
showed some evidence of aromatic character.
The fourth of the bisphosphines, trans 1,2-
bis(diphenyiphosphino)ethylene, was found to
react with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate to
give a 1:1 adduct. NMR evidence suggests that
this adduct has a zwitterionic rather than an
ylidic structure while protonation experiments,
hydrolyses and deuterolyses are consistent with
an ylidic structure. The sum of the evidence
suggested that the adduct in solution is an
equilibrium of two or more isomers in which a
zwitterionic form is the major component while
an ylidic form is the most reactive component
of the mixture. Hydrolysis of the adduct led
to an unusual reaction in which one of the
diphenyiphosphino groups was eliminated to give
a product identical to the 1:1:1 adduct formed
from diphenylvinyIphosphine, dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate
and water. A mechanism has been postulated for this reaction and deuterium labelling
studies gave some support to this mechanism.
Tetraphenylbiphosphine gave a derivative of
the o'ls 1,2-bis (diphenylphosphino) ethylene
system on reaction with the acetylenic ester.


title: Ecology of a northern pike (Esox Iucius) population in a small, oligotrophic Lake : with comparisons to other northwestern Ontario populations

subject:
Fishes Ecology Ontario Squeers Lake
Pike

abstract:
The life history and population dynamics of the northern pike
(Esox lucius) within Squeers Lake, Ontario were studied in order
to provide information on pike found within oligotrophic lakes.
Results clearly demonstrate the Squeers Lake northern pike
population is relatively stable but small in size, has a very low
production rate, exhibits rapid growth, an early age of maturity
and an intermediate life span. The low availability of spawning
(and to a lesser extent nursery) habitat apparently regulates
population size. The rapid growth may be the result of abundant
food, lack of serious competition for food resources and presence
of favourable environmental conditions. Epilimnetic summer
temperatures 16-21°C) within the main lake basin were very near
optimal for "adult" pike (ie 18-20°C, Casselman, 1978), whereas
summer temperatures within the Western Arm (which formed the main
spawning and nursery area within the lake) were near optimum for
young-of-the-year and yearling pike (ie 26°C, Hokansen et al 1973).
To assess accuracy in age and growth assessment for the
Squeers Lake northern pike population, the validity of using scales
and cleithra was examined. The high percent frequency of
agreement, low index of average error (Beamish and Fournier 1981)
and index of precision (Chang 1982) indicate both scales and
cleithra are equally suitable tissues for assigning age structure
to Squeers Lake northern pike provided that marks interpreted as
annuli are in fact annually formed. An examination of the accuracy
of age estimates through the use of partly known aged fish (via iii
tetracycline labelling and mark-recapture methods) confirmed that
the checks identified on both aging tissues were in fact annuli.
Cleithra, were, however, more accurate for northern pike > age 10.
Therefore, when age estimates are required without killing the
fish, the use of scales can be recommended provided that the
population is relatively fast growing and precision levels between
the two tissues do not exceed 5%.
In order to further determine what factors may influence
northern pike growth and population size, the influences of lake
morphometry and chemistry on 14 northwestern Ontario populations
(including Squeers Lake) were investigated. Northern pike
populations found within deep-oligotrophic lakes exhibited low
population densities, a superior growth rate, piscivory and were
spawning and nursery habitat limited. Northern pike populations
from meso-eutrophic lakes had much greater population densities,
exhibited much poorer growth rates, were generally opportunistic
predators and appeared to be food limited. Northern pike from
mesotrophic and shallow-oligotrophic lakes exhibited intermediate
population size and growth rates with the maximal individual size
of fish from these populations approaching that of northern pike
from deep-oligotrophic lakes. With the increased acceptance of
individual lake management, a number of management alternatives are
proposed.


title: Situational analysis of the social and political factors that influence disease prevention and health promotion among new immigrants to Canada and to Manitoba specifically

subject:
HIV (Viruses) Canada
Tuberculosis Canada
Immigrants Health and hygiene Canada

abstract:
Immigration is ingrained in the fabric of Canada; it is part of Canada’s political, social
and economic profile, and immigrants and their diverse contributions have shaped the
land. In the past century, technology, pharmaceuticals and improved health practices
have enhanced how health care is delivered to Canadians. Notwithstanding these
achievements, the quality and accessibility to health and social services are a poignant
issue for many new immigrants. Literature shows that one of the most significant
factors affecting the well being of immigrants is communicable diseases. This
document examines the role that social and political factors have in influencing health
promotion and prevention, specifically around Human Immunodeficiency Virus and
Tuberculosis. Addressing these issues not only benefits immigrant populations, but it
also strengthens entire communities and the country as a whole.


title: Impacts of mountain pine beetles on forest management and succession

subject: Mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae)

subject: Forest management

subject: Succession

subject: Sustainability

subject: Disturbance (forestry)

subject: Biodiversity

abstract:
The mountain pine beetle has been an ongoing issue in large forest landscapes
for decades and has continued to create issues revolving around forest management and
succession. This thesis will go into depth on the intensity and devastation the mountain
pine beetle has caused in North American forests, and how different forest management
schemes are in the works on how to properly manage massive outbreaks of the mountain
pine beetle.
Findings of the mountain pine beetle traveling northeast and its attack on the jack
pine species have been causing concerns about adjustments to management strategies
and future successional trajectories.


title: Cathodoluminescence studies of feldspars and apatites from the Coldwell Alkaline Complex

subject:
Cathodoluminescence
Feldspar
Apatite
Coldwell alkaline complex

abstract:
The Coldwell alkaline Complex is located on the north shore of Lake
Superior, and consists of three Centers representing three magmatic
episodes. Center I consists of gabbro, and layered and unlayered ferroaugite
syenite. Center II consists of alkalic biotite gabbro, miaskitic
nepheline syenite, amphibole nepheline syenite, perthitic nepheline
syenites and recrystallized nepheline syenites. Center III consists of
magnesio-hornblende syenite, ferro-edenite syenite, contaminated ferroedenite
syenite, and quartz syenite.
The textures and compositions of the feldspars and apatite from these
three Centers were examined using cathodoluminescence (CL) and the
scanning electron microscope (SEM). All of the colours described in the
text refer to cathodoluminescence colours. The feldspars in Center I
consist of light blue to light violet blue, optically homogeneous alkali
feldspar; braid microperthite and incipient perthi te; and irregular vein
or patch perthite. The irregular vein and patch perthite contain light
violet blue cryptoperthitic patches, light blue exsolved albite and dull
blue exsolved K-feldspar. During late-stage fluid-induced alteration,
these feldspars were replaced by violet secondary albite and purple
secondary K-feldspar; and were coarsened by a deuteric antiperthitic rim.
The Fe-rich antiperthitic rim consists of deep red secondary albite and
brown secondary K-feldpsar. The later dominates in the upper series of
the layered and unlayered syenites. The homogeneous alkali feldspar
crystallized at high temperatures :t!700°C, exsolved into microperthite at
650-550°C and formed irregular vein and patch perthite at 520-420°C.


title: The effect of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on lipid composition, oxidative stress, and aldehyde concentrations in rat liver and brain

subject:
Oxidative stress
Reactive oxygen species
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
Lipid peroxidation
Aldehyde

abstract: Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance between the production and removal of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), due to their multiple carbon-carbon double bonds, react readily with ROS in a process termed lipid peroxidation. Lipid peroxidation generates a number of potentially harmful secondary products, including the aldehydes ethanal, propanal, and hexanal. Indeed, raised aldehyde levels have been associated with various diseases, including cancer, leading researchers to consider them as potential diagnostic markers. However the abundance of their fatty acid precursors is dependent on dietary intake. As such, tissue aldehyde content may be diet-dependent, reducing their desirability as markers. To investigate this I fed 32 male Wistar rats diets containing 90% fat-free rat chow, 9% palm oil (mostly saturated fat), and 1% omega-3 fatty acid (EPA, DHA, ALA) for 8 weeks. The different diets resulted in changed fatty acid lipid composition in rat brain and liver. Compared to controls, DHA and EPA diets decreased liver arachidonic acid levels by 10%, while increasing levels of EPA and DHA by 7-11%. A similar effect was seen in brain lipid composition, although the changes, while statistically significant, weren’t as pronounced. In brain lipids, feeding omega-3 PUFA did not lead to great changes in their concentrations, while DHA was found to be maintained at high levels even in the absence of any omega-3 PUFA in the diet. However, selected ion flow mass-spectrometry (SIFT-MS) analysis of the rat livers and brains suggests that diet does not significantly affect the concentrations of various aldehydes (P>0.05), or overall levels of oxidative stress (as measured by TBARS assays) in liver or brain (P>0.05). My results suggest that volatile aldehydes may represent a useful marker for oxidative stress with potential applications in a variety of common disorders.


title: Comparison of the yellow perch, Perca flavescens Mitchell, populations in Henderson Lake and Savanne Lake, Ontario

subject:
Perch.
Perca flavescens Mitchell
Fish populations Ontario Savanne Lake

abstract:
Yellow perch (Perca flavescens) in Henderson Lake exhibit
stunted growth and poor condition at all ages. In addition, they have
lower fecundity, longer life span, slower maturation rate, and greater
survival compared to perch in Savanne Lake.
Gillnet catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) indicated that abundance of
recruited perch was comparable between lakes, but that fish are at least
5 years of age before they are recruited to this gear in Henderson Lake.
Gillnet CPUE identified diurnal activity periods for perch and walleye
(Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) in both lakes, but the evening
offshore movements and morning onshore movements by perch in Henderson Lake were more pronounced and prolonged. Sampling in littoral areas with bag seines prove that perch and walleye closely associate at dawn and dusk in Savanne Lake, but do not associate at any time in Henderson Lake. Young perch are the dominant littoral species in Savanne Lake, but share dominance with unutilized mimic shiners (Notropis volucellus) and blacknose shiners (Notropis heterolepis) in Henderson Lake.
No relationship between spring water temperature or precipitation
and year-class strength of Savanne young-of-the-year (YOY) walleye and
perch year-classes could be demonstrated. Strong YOY walleye
year-classes did not occur in the same years as strong YOY perch
year-classes in Savanne Lake. However, weaker YOY walleye year-classes
were produced in those years when YOY perch grew faster.
Seasonal and annual changes in forage abundance determined the
frequency of prey items found in Savanne and Henderson perch stomachs.
Intraspecific diet overlap and cannibalism was greater in Henderson perch than in Savanne perch. The incidence of cannibalism was a function
of the availability of alternate prey in both lakes. Predation by
walleye, northern pike (Esox lucius). and perch on same prey
(ninespine sticklebacks Pungitius pungitius, perch, and mayfly
nymphs) is frequent in Henderson Lake, but interspecific segregation of
prey utilization occurs in Savanne Lake.
Values for mean age to maturity of male and female perch as
determined by the proposed Probit Method were more comparable to
empirical values than those determined by the Abrosov, Modified Abrosov,
and Lysack methods.
Apparent differences between the two populations in behavior and
biological characteristics are attributed to; lower predation levels on
Henderson perch; differences in the physical structure of the two lakes.
Mutual predation on the forage base in Henderson Lake at both an
intraspecific and interspecific level helps to amplify these
differences. The effect of physical characteristics, especially water
transparency and macrophyte growth on predator-prey interactions is also
examined.


title: "What guides us here?" Exploring community health nurses' experiences of moral distress

subject: Moral distress

subject: Community health nurses

subject: Ethical landscape of community health nursing in Canada

subject: Ethical issues faced

subject: Educational opportunities to support CHNs

abstract: The concept of moral distress was first developed in the mid 1980’s by the American philosopher Dr. Andrew Jameton. Since then, moral distress has been studied in many health care practice settings and among various disciplines. However, moral distress among nurses in community health care settings has remained largely unexplored. Community health nurses (CHNs) work with clients, families, and communities with a variety of diverse care needs. Therefore, in this research I cast a wide net by asking a broad question, “What guides us here?” What guides nurses through the ethical landscape of community health nursing? The purpose of this research, then, is to explore CHNs experiences of everyday ethical issues and moral distress and identify educational opportunities for ongoing learning and support. To do this I used a narrative inquiry approach and interviewed 20 Canadian CHNs by phone. Based on my analysis of the data, categories of key ethical issues, themes, and educational needs were explored and identified. From the interview data, participants’ stories were then re-storied by me into meta-narratives. Nine meta-narratives, inspired by multiple-participant interview responses, were created as an end product of this study. The meta-narratives represent stories that are true to life in the details regarding situations that the CHNs reported from their nursing practice. At the same time, however, the meta-narratives do not describe any one situation; rather they reflect aspects of several stories combined. Thus, the meta-narratives offer protection of confidentiality, provide an evidence-based, detailed account of these experiences, and are educational resources for CHNs. I also designed and had participants evaluate an educational intervention in the form of a self-directed e-learning module (e-module). Based on the research findings, I offer recommendations for action to promote ethical nursing practice and support CHNs, which include implications for education, theory, research, and nursing practice. This research provides foundational knowledge about the ethical landscape of community health nursing in Canada, the everyday ethical issues faced, experiences of moral distress, and educational opportunities to support CHNs.


title: Male sex role and responses to disclosures by adult male survivors of sexual abuse

subject:
Sex role
Adult child sexual abuse victims
Male sexual abuse victims

abstract:
Research evidence indicates that male survivors o f sexual abuse fear being labelled unmasculine
or homosexual upon disclosure. They express the social maxim that masculine men don’t get
sexually abused and gay men shouldn’t complain. The male sex role contains a strong prohibition
against feminine behaviour in males that is enforced through homophobic attitudes. The objective
of the current study was to investigate empirically factors that influence reactions toward disclosure
by male sexual abuse survivors. The present study investigated reactions to a hypothetical adult
male survivor. Ninety-two male and 92 female participants responded to a vignette in which a 30-
year-old male stimulus person (SP) disclosed sexual abuse by a male or female offender when the
SP was 5,15, or 25 years old. Dependent variables were sex-role perceptions o f the SP’s
masculinity and fem ininity, attitude toward the SP and offender, attributions of responsibility to SP
characteristics and behaviour and to offender, male sex role endorsement and rape myth acceptance,
and behavioural appraisal for the SP. Results indicate that sex of participant, sex o f offender, and
age at incident affect perceptions of the male discloser. As SP age at incident increases, the SP
was seen as less masculine, held more responsible for the incident and faced increased application
of the traditional male sex role and rape myths by participants. Female, rather than male,
participants had a more positive attitude toward SP, a more negative attitude toward the offender
and held the SP less responsible. While female participants prescribed the traditional male sex role
and rape myths to the SP to a lesser degree when the offender was a female than a male, male
participants’ responses on these two variables were not affected by the sex of offender. Overall,
results demonstrate that male survivors who disclose to other males, survivors who are older at the
time o f the abuse and whose offender was a female receive less positive responses.


title: Enabling community forestry in Northern Ontario

contributor:
Smith, Peggy
Shahi, Chander
Southcott, Chris

subject: Forest management in Ontario

subject: Community-based natural resource management

subject: Community forestry

subject: Treaties and sharing forest resources

subject: Community forestry on Crown land in Northern Ontario

abstract: The forestry crisis that crippled the forest industry in northern Ontario in the new millennium led to a province wide forest tenure reform that created new forest governance institutions and a resurgence of a long-standing interest by communities in community forestry. Although research on this alternative approach to forest management from the conventional command-and-control paradigm has accompanied the global policy trend, this research has been minimal in northern Ontario. The tenure reform process driven strongly by renewed community advocacy for community forests presented an opportunity for this research. This dissertation has four distinct but interrelated components that explore the evolution of community forestry practice and advocacy in northern Ontario using critical qualitative inquiry: 1) Community forestry theory is used to assess the perspectives of northern Ontario communities regarding their visions for the management of their local forests in response to the forestry crisis and forest tenure reform; 2) A complexity lens and theories of community forestry and democratic decentralization are used to evaluate Ontario’s forest system from its inception to the present in terms of how, as a social-ecological system that moves through an adaptive cycle, it has embraced community forestry; 3) transformative community organizing theory is used to evaluate the emergence of a community organization that advocates for community forestry in northern Ontario; and 4) an access approach and complexity theory are used in an in-depth exploration of a developing forest governance model proposed as a community forest for implementation under Ontario’s new forest tenure policy framework. The research has determined that the new forest tenure system remains deficient in both enabling democratic local forest authorities and in supporting a broader range of forest values than timber alone. Despite the persistent limitations of the forest tenure system, community forestry in the area of forest development in northern Ontario has progressed from a single case in the early phase of the forest system’s adaptive cycle to the emergence of multiple regional initiatives in the current reorganization phase that has followed the system’s collapse and subsequent reform. A number of community forestry initiatives have been proposed as collaborative models between municipalities and First Nations to foster regional diversification in the forest-based political economy. Community advocacy for community forestry has similarly increased from an early idea to an active movement that includes the emergence of a community organization and social change movement that challenges the assumptions of the dominant forestry system and advocates for community forestry. Access theory has identified tangible economic, social, environmental and cultural benefits that are being obtained by a group of First Nations in the Northeast Superior region of Ontario through the development of a new forest governance model. The main mechanism they have used to achieve these benefits is investment in social relations. Additional mechanisms used are access to capital, labour and knowledge to build capacity and resources to help position the First Nations to assume full responsibility for forest management in the region. A power shift is evident in the region’s forest-based political economy that has recognized the First Nations as equals in forest management decision-making. The development of the forest tenure initiative has also resulted in the building of adaptive capacity that has seen transformative and social learning by the other actors.


title: Impact of non-medical variables on emergency ward triage

subject: Hospitals emergency services (Canada)


title: Bioremediation of contaminated soils from mine sites using native plants in Northwestern Ontario

contributor:
Lee, Peter
Meyer, Lense
Leung, Kam

subject:
Mining
Revegetation
Bioremediation
Phytostabilization
Rhizosphere
Boreal
Bioavailability
Phytoremediation
Bioconcentration
Translocation
Contaminated soils

abstract: Practical and scientific importance can be found in this research topic since the results directly apply to remediation of industrial and mined lands in the boreal forest region. Plants suitable for phytostabilization of As, Mo and Sb are identified as well as two hyperaccumulators of Zn. Using phytostabilization practices, metals are immobilized by the below ground components of the plants therefore restricting the flow into the ecosystem and lessening the impacts of metal pollution to the surrounding area. As long as there is little disturbance of the soil physically or chemically, the plants will continue to stabilize the metal in the organic portion of the deceased plants. The ease of replanting a site could incorporate successional ecosystem in the region by focusing on trees and shrubs that are earlier in the revegetation process after a disturbance. The addition of woodbark to the reestablishment of the top soil increases potential nutrients, organic matter, water holding potential as well as diluting potential harmful metal content of the soil and providing a mulching effect. Some concerns exist by using agronomic plant species as the sole part of revegetation as they have the potential to impact the wildlife in the region through excess Mo. Results from this thesis could be helpful for future mine closure plans and in the rehabilitation of other industrial sites.


title: Control of lateral vibration of an axially moving cantilever beam using piezoelectric actuators

contributor:
Liu, Kefu
Saliba, Henry

subject:
Automatic control
Actuators
Vibration Control

abstract:
A typical example of an axially moving cantilever beam is flexible robotic manipulators with
prism atic joints. The model governing lateral vibration of such system is time-varying. Time-varying
systems pose significant challenges in modelling and control. The objective of this
research is to control the lateral vibration of an axially moving cantilever beam.
In this research, first an analytical model of an axially moving cantilever beam is developed.
Second, the effect of an end mass is investigated. Third, piezoelectric actuators (PZT ) are
considered to design a direct velocity feedback controller to suppress the lateral vibration of
the system. The presence of higher modes in the system and the spillover instability are
investigated. Fourth, an active control design based on the gradient algorithm is developed.
The controllability, observability and the stability of the system are investigated.


title: Influence of soil temperature on ecophysiological traits of four boreal tree species

subject: Soil temperature

subject: Effect of temperature on trees seedlings

subject: Trees seedlings (Ecophysiology)

subject: Photosynthesis

subject: Stomatal conductance

abstract:
A new soil temperature control system was developed for greenhouse experiments. The
system controlled soil temperature by circulating temperature-controlled water around
seedling containers. The system was tested for 5, 20 and 30 °C soil temperatures. Tests
showed that the system was very efficient in controlling soil temperature in the
greenhouse. The coefficient of determination between water and soil temperatures was
0.99. Average soil temperatures of all 112 pots (13.5 cm deep, 11 cm top diameter) in
each system were within ± 0.4 °C of the set values. The maximum vertical variation in
soil temperature was less than 1 °C.
To investigate soil temperature effects on ecophysiological traits, a total 1568 (392 per
species) of one-year old aspen, white spruce, black spruce and jack pine seedlings were
grown at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 °C soil temperatures in two greenhouses. At the
beginning o f the third month, net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, mesophyll
conductance, transpiration, midday xylem water potential, water use efficiency and
specific leaf area were measured. Soil temperature significantly affected all the traits in
the four species. All the traits had a strong non-linear relationship with soil temperature
modeled using a polynomial function. The derived model showed that the traits were the
most sensitive to changes in soil temperature at 6.2, 8.9, 12.7 and 12.3 °C, and
performed the best at 19.6, 21.8, 22.4 and 26.1 °C, respectively, for aspen, white spruce,
black spruce and jack pine. All the aspen seedlings, about 40 % of jack pine, 20 % white
and black spruce seedlings survived in the 35 °C treatment. In general, aspen was the
most sensitive to low soil temperatures while black spruce was the most sensitive to high
soil temperatures. Stepwise regression analysis showed that net photosynthesis of aspen
was significantly correlated to mesophyll conductance stomatal conductance and water
use efficiency. In white spruce photosynthesis was significantly correlated to mesophyll
conductance stomatal conductance, transpiration and midday xylem water potential. For
black spruce photosynthesis was significantly correlated to mesophyll conductance
stomatal conductance, transpiration and water use efficiency. In jack pine net
photosynthesis was significantly correlated to mesophyll conductance stomatal
conductance and transpiration. Net photosynthesis had a strongly linear relationship
with mesophyll conductance when data from all the species were combined.


title: Native teaching methods : an exploration of the use of traditional practical knowledge in the classroom / by Ruby V. Farrell.

subject:
First Nations -  Education.
Learning styles.
Native teachers.
Indigenous knowledge.

abstract:
This study explores possible consistent patterns in the teaching methods of Native teachers in northwestern Ontario by examining their use of
traditional practical knowledge in the classroom.
The research was conducted in an isolated community of about three hundred residents.  Qualitative naturalistic research methods were used in this field research, incorporating informal open-ended interviews, journals, and non-participant observation techniques in the data collection. The research focused on the Native teachers and their interaction with their Native students in the classrooms during a
time period of seven school days. The data analysis and interpretation was ongoing throughout the ten day research period. By describing and interpreting the non-verbal intuitive insights to culturally significant, subtle forms of expression in the classroom, the findings offer an insider's view to the practical knowledge of Native teachers.

abstract: Author known as Ruby V. Farrell and Ruby Slipperjack.


title: Effect of a company's management on its financial performance

subject:
Management Economic aspects
Management Evaluation
Business planning Economic aspects

abstract:
The purpose of this study is to explore the possible relationship between the management
styles or practices of top management and organizational performance. It examines
Return on Equity (ROE) and Return on Stock (ROS) of the top two-hundred Canadian
companies in market capitalization on the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX) each year in
the past six years by using the data from Canadian Business magazine and relates these
performance measures to the practices of the companies’ top management. The finding
shows that these ‘great’ companies views building the qualified team as the priority
strategy, and they all appreciate and compensate for employees’ hard work and
performance. Finally, according to the analysis and findings, an organization’s top
management will influence a firm’s long-term performance.


title: Gravity study of an Archaen crustal segment near Thunder Bay, Ontario

contributor:
Kehlenbeck, Manfred
Mothersill, J.S.

subject: Gravity Ontario Thunder Bay (Ont. : District)

subject: Geology, Stratigraphic Archaean.

subject: Geology Ontario Thunder Bay (Ont. : District)

abstract:
A gravity survey in an area involving portions
of the Quetico and Shebandowan subprovinces of the
Superior structural province resulted in the establishment
of 350 new gravity stations in addition to 50
previously established stations.
For the purposes of this study the bedrock was
divided into 4 major units including the metavolcanic
rocks* metasedimentary rocks, assorted gneissic rocks
and a group of intrusive igneous bodies.
Based on gravity modeling of these principal
units, the following subsurface structure results. The
metavolcanic rocks vary in depth extent from 6 km to
12 km and typically occupy a trough-shaped structure
flanked by a domical feature of granitoid gneisses to
the south. To the north of the metavolcanic unit, the
metasedimentary rocks form a basin-like structure of
variable depth extent. The contact between these two
units is modeled as dipping steeply southward.
The Quetico granitoid gneisses to the north of
the metasedimentary unit form a southward dipping wedge
which extends to depths of 10 km in the model structure
profiles. These gneisses are modeled as being underlain
by a denser substratum representative of more basic
gneiss and amphibolite. The basal surface of this
unit is gently convex upward, and the unit as a whole
thickens toward the north and dips toward the south
in a tapered wedge extending to a depth of 10 km.
This unit is inclined slightly from east to west, and
is exposed at the present erosion surface in the
eastern portion of the study area only.
A number of quartz monzonite plutons have been
emplaced near the northern portion of the metasedimentary
unit and outcrops above the southern most edge of the
dense substratum underlying the Quetico gneisses.
A tectonic model put forward synthesizes the
available information regarding Archean crustal
evolution and the data from this study. The proposed
model consists of a basin-like structure (Quetico
subprovince) which received sedimentary and volcanic
debris from a mature volcanoplutonic terrane to the
north (Wabigoon subprovince). Additional sedimentation
into the basin was provided from the less mature
volcanoplutonic terrane to the south (Shebandowan
subprovince). Subsequent deformation accompanied by
high grade metamorphism resulted in a general upwarping
of the basin, producing the structures now observed in
this part of the Quetico subprovince.


title: Students' understanding of fractions within a reform based instructional program : an action research analysis

contributor:
Lawson, Alex
Russell, Constance

subject: Mathematics (Study and teaching)

subject: Teaching methods (Evaluation)

subject: Fractions Study and teaching (Elementary)

abstract:
Students have a difficult time understanding the concepts behind fraction procedures.
The purpose of this study was to determine which teaching method, traditional or reform,
helped students to develop a conceptual understanding of fractions as well as to examine
the specific aspects of the reform teaching method that fostered this understanding. A
pre-test and post-test were administered to two grade 6 classes. The tests were divided
into two sections: Computations and Word Problems and were marked and coded to
evaluate conceptual understanding. Similar results were found between both groups in
computation skills. The results in the problem solving post tests were quite different
between the two groups. The results revealed that the students in the reform teaching
class developed more flexible ways to problem solve, were able to apply their own
reasoning to solve computation questions, effectively used manipulatives to further their
understanding and strengthened their ability to reason mathematically. The students in
the traditional classroom, however, relied on faulty procedures to solve problems and the
focus on algorithms hindered their problem solving ability. This study indicated that
there were many benefits to the students that learned in the reform classroom and further
research in this area would be beneficial.


title: Risky riding: a comparison between two personality theories on motorcyclist riding behaviour

subject:
Personality psychology
Personality and driving
Motorcycles and personality

abstract: Motorcyclists have the highest likelihood of being involved in a fatal crash of all vehicle passengers. Given the multiple human factors that contribute to crash involvement, few personality models have been utilized to understand which riders are at a higher risk than others. The current study examines how several personality theories compare in predicting high-risk riding among North American motorcyclists. By utilizing personality theories such as the “Big Five” and “Sensation Seeking, and the novel application of “Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory”, the relationship between personality and riding behaviour was assessed through online self-report questionnaires. The effect of each personality trait on speeding, stunts, and riding errors were compared within three hierarchical regression models, controlling for age, sex, years active riding, and aggression. Among the strongest relationships observed were 1) Sensation Seeking’s positive association with speeding, 2) the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory’s the “Behavioural Inhibition System’s” positive relationship with rider errors, and 3) the Big Five’s “Neuroticism” inverse association with stunts. These findings offer further support for the application of personality in determining individual differences in motorcycle crash risk and extend our understanding on how the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory contributes aversive health outcomes.


title: Plant diversity effect on soil carbon dynamics

subject:
Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning
Plant diversity
Soil respiration
Heterotrophic respiration
Soil carbon storage
Microbial biomass

abstract:
Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a valuable natural resource, supplying goods and services for human benefits, including mediating global climate change and securing food production and environmental quality. Biodiversity loss across multi-taxa is at an alarming rate globally. Recent advances have been made in our understanding of the negative impact of biodiversity loss on ecosystem production. The higher biomass production in species-rich communities is expected to enhance plant litter inputs to soils for SOC formation. Despite the critical importance of SOC and Rs in the global carbon and nutrient cycles, our understanding of the effects of plant diversity on SOC and soil respiration (Rs) remains equivocal. The purpose of this dissertation is to provide the first global-scale estimates of changes in Rs and SOC storage in response to global plant diversity loss, and to mechanistically understand the effects of plant mixtures on soil carbon dynamics.
In my first study, I examined the global effects of plant litter alterations on soil carbon release. By presenting a meta-analysis of 100 published studies to examine the responses of Rs to manipulated aboveground and belowground litter alterations. I found that aboveground litter addition increased Rs, while aboveground litter removal, root removal and litter + root removal reduced Rs, respectively. Estimated from the studies that simultaneously tested the responses of Rs to aboveground litter addition and removal and assuming negligible changes in root-derived Rs, “priming effect” on average accounted for 7.3% of Rs and increased over time. My meta-analysis indicates that priming effects should be considered in predicting Rs to climate change-induced increases in litterfall. This analysis also highlights the need to incorporate spatial climate gradient in projecting long-term Rs responses to litter alterations.


title: Social facilitation of extinction in rats

subject:
Rats Behavior
Social behavior in animals
Extinction (Psychology)

abstract:
Theories of resistance to extinction such as the generalized
decrement theory (GDT) have been largely based on research
involving isolated individuals. In the natural environment however,
extinction, like acquisition takes place in a social context. Very few
studies have addressed this issue and those that have either failed to
create a stable social environment or have not addressed the effect
of population density, an important aspect of sociality, on resistance
to extinction. To study this effect a group of eight rats was exposed to
two daily 30-minute VI-120 schedules of reinforcement in an eight
station operant conditioning arena. During each of four phases of the
experiment, the population was consistently exposed to the VI-120
reinforcement schedule at a given number of stations (n=l, 2, 4, 8).
Following each condition the rats were exposed to a session of
extinction in which bar pressing at a station no longer produced food.
To avoid the confounding effect of amount of reinforcement, since
only the number of work stations available and not the
reinforcement schedule changed, a second experiment was conducted
in which the VI schedule was varied to compensate for the amount
of reinforcement. According to the GDT the results should have
produced an increased resistance to extinction during trials when the
conditions of reinforcement were similar to conditions of extinction.
This similarity occurred when fewer bars were available for
reinforcement, which according to the GDT, should have created a
negative relationship between responses in extinction and the
number of stations presented. Exactly the opposite effect occurred;
that is, a decrease in resistance to extinction was observed when
fewer bars were presented to the rats. The data support an ecological
theory of social foraging called the skill pool effect, which predicts a
positive relationship between the number of responses in extinction
and the number of stations available. This suggests that social
learning and transmission mechanisms exist and should be
considered when evaluating the effectiveness of various learning and
foraging theories.


title: Structure and reactivity studies of simple phospholes

contributor:
Hughes, A. N.
Holah, D. G.

subject: Organophosphorus compounds

abstract:
Newer techniques of phosphole synthesis, particularly those
which lead to simple phospholes substituted with active functional groups,
are briefly surveyed. A detailed account of chemical, physico-chemical,
spectroscopic and theoretical studies related to the phosphole aromaticity
problem is given and the present conflicting position is discussed.


title: Evolving neural fuzzy classifier for machinery diagnostics / by Ofelia Antonia Jianu.

subject:
Machinery Monitoring
Fuzzy logic
Neural networks (Computer science)

abstract: "The classical techniques for fault diagnosis require periodic shut down of machines for manual inspection. Although these techniques can be used for fault diagnosis in simple machines, they can rarely be used effectively for complex ones. Due to the rapid growing market competitiveness, more reliable and robust condition monitoring systems are critically needed in a wide array of industries to improve production quality and reduce cost. As a result, in recent years more efforts have been taken to develop intelligent techniques for online condition monitoring in machinery systems. Several neural fuzzy classification schemes have been proposed in literature for fault detection. However, the reasoning architecture of the classical neural fuzzy classifiers remains fixed, allowing only the system parameters to be updated in pattern classification operations. To improve the reliability of machinery fault diagnostics, an evolving fuzzy classifier is developed in this work for gear system condition monitoring.


title: Mapping feminist praxis and identity : a case study of women's health activism in Northwestern Ontario, 1980-1992

contributor:
Wakewich, Pamela
Minore, Bruce
Stone, Sharon Dale

subject: Medical care Ontario, Northwestern

subject: Women's health services Social aspects Ontario, Northwestern

subject: Women Health and hygiene Ontario, Northwestern

abstract: Thesis examines women's involvement in organizing around women's health in Thunder Bay and Northwestern Ontario by constructing a social history of key groups -- The Women and Health Sub-committee, the Women's Health Action Group, the Women's Health Education Project and the Women's Health Information Network.


title: Carbon storage dynamics and tree growth response to species diversity in boreal forests

contributor:
Chen, Han
Wang, Jian
Taylor, Anthony

subject:
Boreal forest
Tree growth
Biomass carbon
Deadwood carbon
Carbon dynamics

abstract: The boreal forest plays a critical role in regulating the global carbon (C) cycle. Both wildfire and harvesting affect ecosystem C. However, the long-term recovery of forest C storage with a diverse range of overstory composition  following wildfire remains unclear. The uncertainties associated with long-term C storage dynamics include accurate C concentration data of woody tissues and total ecosystem C inventory, particularly for stands older than the longevity of the pioneer cohort. Moreover, despite major advances demonstrating positive relationships between species diversity and forest productivity at the community level, little is known about the responses of individual tree growth to species diversity in relation to succession, tree size, and disturbance origin. The objective of this dissertation is to improve the understanding of long-term C storage dynamics following fire and the relationship between species diversity and tree growth in relation to forest succession, size, and disturbance origin.


title: Role of haemophilus influenzae lipooligosaccharide in the activation of innate and adaptive immunity

subject:
Haemophilus influenzae
Natural immunity
Immunity

abstract:
A Gram negative human bacterial pathogen Haemophilus influenzae expresses a truncated endotoxin known as lipooligosaccharide (LOS). Recent studies on H. influenzae LOS have highlighted its structural and compositional implications on bacterial virulence; however, the role
of LOS in the activation of innate and adaptive immunity is poorly understood.
THP-1 monocytes were stimulated with either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from E. coli or LOS compounds derived from Eagan, Rd, and Rd lie lips A H. influenzae strains. Cell surface expression of key antigen-presenting, co-stimulatory, and adhesion molecules, as well as gene expression of some cytokines and pattern recognition receptors were studied.
Eagan and Rd LOS had a lower capacity to induce the expression of the pro-inflammatory molecules, ICAM-1, CD40, CD58, TNF-a, and IL-lp compared to LPS. In contrast, antigen presenting (HLA-ABC, HLA-DR) and co-stimulatory (CD86) molecules, and the pattern recognition receptor, NOD2, were similarly upregulated in response to LOS and LPS. LOS from a mutant Rd strain (Rd licllpsA) consistently induced higher expression of innate immune molecules than the wildtype LOS suggesting the importance of phosphorylcholine and/or oligosaccharide extension in cellular responses to LOS. An LOS compound with a strong ability to upregulate antigen-presenting and co-stimulatory molecules combined with a low proinflammatory activity may be considered as a vaccine candidate to immunize against H. influenzae.


title: Optical spectroscopy of colon tissue and a breast cancer cell line : potential for cancer detection

subject: Optical spectroscopy

subject: Fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging

subject: Breast cancer diagnosis (Spectroscopic imaging)

subject: Tissue diagnostics

subject: Radiobiology

abstract:
Two forms of cancer affecting a large number of individuals are breast cancer
and colon cancer. In 2003, it was projected that approximately 21000 Canadians would
be diagnosed with breast cancer and another 18000 would be diagnosed with colorectal
cancer (Canadian Cancer Society 2003a, Canadian Cancer Society 2003b). Optical
spectroscopy techniques for discerning biochemical and morphological properties have
been investigated for potential in detecting these two types of cancer. Techniques based
on absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy were developed and preliminary data were
obtained using cancerous and normal colon tissue, and using living Actin and H1 GFP
tagged MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Analysis of absorption spectra for normal and
cancerous colon tissue samples revealed a shift between the two, which may suggest a
potential method to distinguish between the two tissue types. Fluorescence spectroscopy
and imaging were also performed on the colon tissue samples. Analysis of the
spectroscopic data revealed potential methods for differentiating between tissues.
Fluorescence measurements were performed with living Actin and HI GFP tagged
MCF-7 breast cancer cells to investigate the value of imaging and spectroscopy under
identical conditions. Various stages of mitosis and cellular movement were observed.
As an extrapolation of this study some cells were irradiated with 5 Gy of Cobalt-60
gamma rays, but no differences between irradiated and non-irradiated samples were
noted. These preliminary results reveal a potential application for optical diagnostic
techniques, although further investigations are required.


title: Formative evaluation of "Humanities 101 : a Lakehead University community initiative" : the perspective of the students

contributor:
van Barneveld, Christina
Russell, Connie

subject: Education, Higher Philosophy

subject: Adult education Ontario Thunder Bay

subject: Continuing education Ontario Thunder Bay

abstract:
In the Fall of 2005, the Faculty of Education at Lakehead University
implemented a twelve-week program aimed at providing non-traditional students
an experience in higher education. The purpose of this study was to describe the
perspective of the students on a) how well the program achieved its objectives, and
b) how the program could be improved. Fourteen graduates were interviewed after
completing the program. Results revealed that the objectives of the pilot program
were accomplished. Recommendations for improvement included developing a
pedagogy that is more appropriate for non-traditional learners and offering a
genuine university-level experience by adjusting the expectations to better reflect
the expectations of a true university course. Implications of results are discussed.


title: Examination of the food safety system in the state of Qatar

subject:
Food Inspection
Food adulteration and inspection Qatar
Food inspectors Qatar

abstract:
Foodbome illness continues to be endemic in our global environment. Protecting the
human host from exposure to foodbome pathogens and reducing the incidence of foodbome
illness are the central goals of established food safety intervention programs at national levels.
Foodbome illness is a significant contributor to morbidity figures and has a major economic
impact on global health care systems. For example, foodbome surveillance activities in the
United States state that, "foodbome illnesses affect 6 to 80 million persons, cause 9, 000 deaths
and cost an estimated 5 billion U.S. dollars annually” (Altekmse, Cohen, Swerdlow, 1997).
Moreover, the consequences of foodbome illness in the public food service sector have an
impact on foodservice workers, the foodservice industry and the community.
If a business is implicated in a case of foodbome illness it can result in financial loss
because of bad publicity and the subsequent loss of business, increased insurance premiums, a
loss of consumer trust in the food supply and distrust in public health authorities responsible for
the protection of population health. “In Canada, as many as 8.5 million Canadians
(approximately 1 in 4 persons) are estimated to develop foodbome illness resulting in the
hospitalization of 39 000 people and as many as 600 deaths” (Canadian Restaurant and
Foodservices Association, 2003). The resultant burden on the health care system has been
estimated at approximately 2 billion dollars annually (Canadian Restaurant and Foodservices
Association, 2003). “The majority of enteric disease is mild and requires only a day or two of
reduced activities; however, these cases pose a significant burden due to lost of productivity and
other related costs. In Ontario, about 1 in 313 cases of enteric disease are reported to the province through passive disease surveillance” (Majowicz, et al., 2004) suggesting that many
cases are overlooked or ignored.


title: Ruthenium piano stool complexes incorporating novel bis(pyrrolidinyl)alkylphosphines

subject:
Ruthenium piano-stool complexes
Phosphine ligands

abstract: Conventional phosphine ligands (i.e., those typically bearing alkyl and/or aryl substituents) have played a crucial role in the development of transition metal coordination chemistry. Many structural and electronic variants have been explored, including the class of bis(N-pyrrolidinyl)alkylphosphines. These phosphines generally possess moderate steric properties, yet exhibit exceptional electron-donating properties. The greater Lewis basicity of bis(N-pyrrolidinyl)alkylphosphines likely can be attributed to the additional electron density provided by the lone pair of the planar nitrogen atoms through a dative interaction with the phosphorus donor atom.


title: Examination of independent contributions of driver, crash, vehicle and geometric characteristics to driver fatalities

subject:
Road-related mortalities
Road fatalities
Driver fatalities
Crash data
Collision factors

abstract: In 2016, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) had recorded a total of 37,461 road-related mortalities within the United States alone. To alleviate the effects of road fatalities concerning economy and health, numerous factors must be scrutinized for their distinct contribution to such events. In Bédard et al. (2002), the authors examined the independent contribution of driver, vehicle, and crash factors to driver fatalities. Findings established that older drivers, higher travelling speed, seatbelts, vehicle wheelbase, model year and blood alcohol content have a direct or indirect effect on driver fatalities. This research study extends the previous work from Bédard et al. (2002) by applying 17 years of extra crash data. Additional variables not found in the original Bédard et al. (2002) study, such as geometric aspects, crash characteristics, atmospheric, light, and road surface conditions are also considered. This research also examines the impact of geometric factors on mortality trends for collisions with fixed objects. Crash data were obtained from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS). To assess the relationship between the various factors and driver fatalities, univariate and multivariable logistic regression are used to compute odds ratios (adjusted and unadjusted). Also, Poisson regression was carried out to determine the expected total number of driver fatality counts based on roadway geometric factors. Results from univariate and multivariate regressions indicate that increased driver ages, increased vehicle speeds, increased vehicle ages, females, left-side crashes, and BAC ≥ 0.15 mg/L were associated with higher odds of driver fatalities. Conversely, drivers wearing shoulder and lap belts were found to have lower odds of fatalities. Poisson regression showed that curved alignment, dry weather, dark conditions, minor arterial roads, male drivers, non-junctions, weekends, passenger cars (sedans), and 20 -29 and 80+ years age categories to have a significant impact on driver fatality counts. Furthermore, based on research results some countermeasures are recommended such as, providing driver simulator, and on-road driving evaluation training programs, emergency medical services (EMS) without any delays, and keeping fixed objects away from the roadway and others.


title: The Effect of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury on Reaction Time, Dual-tasking Reaction Time and Heart Rate Variability in Driving Simulation

contributor:
Zerpa, Carlos
Sanzo, Paolo
Weaver, Bruce

subject:
Concussion
Driving and concussion
Heart rate variability

abstract:
The present study was performed to address some gaps in current literature related to dual tasking, reaction time, and heart rate variability (HRV) in concussed individuals during driving simulation, and to determine the extent to which reaction time, heart rate (HR), HRV, and dual tasking ability are impaired during driving scenarios of varying difficulty in concussed subjects when compared to a healthy control group. Testing was performed with a Systems Technology Incorporated Simulator Model 400 driving simulator. Ten healthy and ten concussed participants were exposed to multiple reaction time scenarios including pedestrian, vehicle, and cyclist incursions. Three dual task scenarios were also present during the simulation and were indicated by red triangles over either of the side view mirrors. Dual tasking ability was measured using STISIM dual task commands. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to examine the interaction effect between group (concussed vs. non-concussed) and scenario on reaction time decline, dual task reaction time, HR, and fluctuation in HRV. No significant interaction effect between group and scenario was found for any of the four variables tested. There was a statistically significant difference in reaction time between groups F(1, 18) = 2.072, p < .0001, η2 = .600 and a statistically significant difference in dual task reaction times between groups F(1, 18) = 23.145, p < .0001, η2 = .563. No statistically significant differences were found for either HRV F(2.956, 53.207 )= 0.445, p = .719, η2 = .140 or HR F(1, 18) = 0.367, p = 0.552, η2 = .020.
The findings suggest that there is a need for evaluation or screening before returning to driving after concussion. More research needs to be done to both determine deficits in driving performance following concussion, and for the development of a comprehensive screening and assessment tool for health care professionals to utilize when assessing concussed patients.


title: Dielectric relaxation studies of some diaryl molecules in polystyrene matrices

contributor:
Walker, S.
Baarschers, William H.

subject: Dielectrics Polystyrene

abstract:
Dielectric relaxation studies of a number of diaryl molecules
dispersed in atactic polystyrene and in some cases as solid discs have
been carried out. Preparation of the polystyrene matrices and the
solid disks, and the dielectric measurements using a General Radio 1615“A
capacitance bridge and a Hewlett-Packard Q-meter with appropriate
temperature-controllable cells have been described. The experimental
data as a function of frequency at different temperatures were subjected
to analysis by a series of computer programmes written in the APL
language. The activation energy barriers for the dielectric relaxation
processes were obtained by the application of the Eyring rate equation.

A number of diary! molecules with different central bridging
atom or group, and different ring substituents have been studied. Attempt
have been made to Identify and study a unique type of rapid, intramolecular
rotation process termed "double-internal rotation", in
which the two aryl rings undergo simultaneous, coupled rotation.

Studies have been made to correlate molecular properties such
as symmetry, and electronic and sterlc effects to the occurrence of
double-internal rotation. Symmetric diaryl molecules such as sulfones,
sulfoxides, and dibenzothiophenes were found to undergo predominantly
over-all molecular rotation in polystyrene matrices. Asymmetric diaryl ethers and ketones displayed a major contribution to dielectric
relaxation from ovei*-al 1 molecular rotation. Symmetric diaryl ethers,
ketones, and sulfides (e.g., diphenyl ether, benzophenone, and
diphenyl sulfide) were found to undergo primarily double-internal
rotation, both in polystyrene and as compressed solids.

Some large molecules such as 1,2-diphenylcyclopropenone
underwent co-operative motion with the polymer chains near the glasstransition
temperature of polystyrene. A linear correlation was observed
between the enthalpy of activation and the entropy of activation for
molecules undergoing the same type of relaxation process. There was
also found to be a linear correlation between the volume swept out
during molecular reorientation and the energy of activation for the
process in rigid symmetric diaryl molecules.

Energy barriers for the molecular rotation of non-planar symmetric diaryl molecules (e.g., diphenyl sulfone and diphenyl sulfoxide) were found to be >= 60 kJ mol [superscript -1] depending on the size of the substituents.
Planar molecules the size of-dlbenzothlophene were found to have energy
barriers for molecular rotation of about 40 kJ mol [superscript -1]. The energy barrier for symmetric diaryl molecules which undergo double-internal rotation were observed in most cases to be in the range 5 15 kJ mol [superscript -1] at temperatures below 100 K.


title: Perpetually "needs improvement": pre-service teachers' knowledge of social justice and education

subject: Social justice and education

subject: Critical pedagogy

subject: Social justice concepts and teacher education

subject: Pre-service teacher positionality

abstract:
The author of this thesis uses grounded theory methodology to illuminate pre-service
teachers’ understandings of social justice concepts, theories, and perspectives at the beginning of
their teacher education programs. Pre-service teachers’ perceptions of inequity, marginalization,
and deep systematic oppression, and how these perceptions are influenced by their positionalities
and inform their views of social justice education, are explored. Such an exploration involves an
analysis of how inequality, power, and privilege are embedded within social structures and
perpetuated through socialization in educational contexts. In analysis of their experiences shared
through online surveys, the author uncovers multiple complexities in pre-service teachers’
understandings of social justice and social justice education. While the majority of participants
felt a moral responsibility to engage in social justice education, their conceptualization of such
concepts was heavily influenced by discourses of tolerance and individualism, both of which
serve to perpetuate social injustices. Recommendations for teacher education programs are
provided in an attempt to increase pre-service teacher understanding of social justice, and their
roles and responsibilities in relation to social justice in their future work as educators.


title: Radiation response in cells derived from individuals with hereditary breast cancer / by Lindsay Sutherland.

contributor:
Khaper, Neelam
Tassotto, Mary Lynn
Law, David
Leung, Kam

subject:
Breast cancer - Genetic aspects
BRCA genes
Breast cancer - Radiotherapy

abstract: Inherited germline mutations in the tumour suppressor gene BRCA1 (BReast CAncer susceptibility gene 1) can lead to an increased risk for various cancers. Evidence now suggests that epigenetic changes resulting in reduced or absent expression of BRCA1 are also important causative factors. BRCA1 has many known roles, such as DNA damage repair, cell cycle control and regulation of transcription. In addition, a recent study has identified yet another function for BRCA1: to protect cells from oxidative stress, a contributory factor in the development of many cancers, including breast cancer. BRCA1 is known to stimulate Nrf2, a transcription factor that regulates the expression of phase II enzymes, which are important in the detoxification of chemical compounds. Sulforaphane (SFN), an antioxidant found in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, has also been found to stimulate expression of phase II enzymes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cellular consequences of exposure to ionizing radiation in primary blood lymphocytes from healthy individuals compared to cells from individuals with mutations in BRCA1. These responses include DNA damage, increased levels of oxidative stress and decreased cell viability. A secondary aspect of this study was to investigate the protective effects of SFN on lymphocytes exposed to ionizing radiation. The results suggest that there was a greater decrease in cell viability in lymphocytes derived from individuals carrying a germline BRCA1 mutation upon radiation exposure. It was also found that SFN did not protect cells against the damaging effects of ionizing radiation. This loss of viability correlated with an increase in DNA damage. However, these results are obtained from a limited sample size. The major accomplishments of this study were the development of techniques to study radiation responses using lymphocytes. To more completely investigate the questions of whether a germline mutation in BRCA1 significantly impacts the cellular radiation response, and whether the dietary antioxidant SFN protects cells from the damaging impact of radiation, a larger sample size is needed in order for the results to be statistically significant.


title: Elderspeak : seniors' perceptions, estimated frequencies of receipt from different sources, and associations with self-esteem

subject: Aged Communication

subject: Self-esteem in old age

subject: Aged Psychology

subject: Elderspeak - Speech Accommodation Theory

subject: Elderspeak and neutral-talk scenarios

abstract: Community living seniors and nursing home residents (in Canada and the United States) were surveyed for their impressions of elderspeak (with warmth / superiority) and neutral talk from friends, family, & service workers.


title: Economic performance and strike activity : a macroeconomic model of eight countries, 1955-1981

subject:
Strikes and lockouts
Macroeconomics

abstract:
After having explored the articles by Orley Ashenfelter and
George Johnson, and Martin Paldam and Peter Pederson, it was
discovered that there existed a strong relationship between
strike activity and economic performance, But, how and to
what extent that relationship existed was unknown., The original
belief was that there existed a positive relationship
between economic performance and strike activity. That was
sufficient from a philosophical point of view, to allow for
a more comprehensive study of the relationship.
It was quickly learned that it would be an impossible task,
given all the econometric limitations, to prove that this
relationship existed. However, it was soon discovered that
strikes result, in principle, from a breakdown in the collective
bargaining process, an impass at the negotiation stage.
Since it was also known, that both sides prepare vast amounts
of information during the pre-negotiation stage, it was assumed
that when labour and management, or labour, management and
government, as the case may be, enter into the collective
bargaining process they utilize accumulated economic information
as a basis for offers and counter-offers. Given the
nature of these negotiations, particularly, in Canada, there would eventually be an impasse, and a resulting strike or
lockout.
Therefore, it was concluded that the economic variables
utilized in the pre-negotiation stage of the collective bargaining
process would be related, in some way, to the level
of industrial conflict. Thus, the development of this study
was initiated. The study would explore the relationship
between economic performance and strike activity through the
use of an econometric model, as well as an analysis of the
historical development of industrial relations institutions
in each of the eight countries that will be analysed in this
study I Australia, Austria, Canada, Japan, Sweden, the United
States, the United Kingdom, and West Germany. Later in the
study, an entire chapter will be devoted strictly to Canada.


title: Synthesis and electrochemical study of PtIr nanomaterials

contributor:
Chen, Aicheng
Kinrade, Stephen
Rappon, Manit

subject:
Electrodes, Platinum
Electrocatalysis
Iridium catalysts

abstract:
Nanomaterials have a number of unique chemical and physical properties and have
attracted tremendous attention due to their potential for applications in a variety of areas
including fuel cell and biosensor development. The focus of this work was the design of novel
platinum iridium electrocatalysts with high electrocatalytic activity towards the key
electrochemical processes in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC) and glucose sensors.
N anoporous Ptlr electrodes with different ratios of Pt to Ir were prepared on Ti and
carbon nanotube (CNT) substrates using a one-step facile hydrothermal method. The
nanostructure and morphology of the fabricated electrocatalysts were characterized using
scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDS), x-ray
diffraction (XRD) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Electrochemical analyses were
performed using cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA), linear voltammetry (LV)
and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).


title: Effect of carbonation on leachability and compressive strength of cement-solidified and geopolymer-solidified synthetic metal wastes

contributor:
Catalan, Lionel
Kinrade, Stephen

subject:
Metal wastes
Fly ash
Leaching
Portland cement
Hazardous wastes

abstract:
Stabilization/solidification (s/s) is a well-established technique for treating a variety of
metal-containing hazardous waste streams prior to land disposal. Solidification refers to the improvement of the physical properties of the waste for easier handling, whereas stabilization refers to the reduction of contaminant mobility by various mechanisms such as precipitation, encapsulation, adsorption, and ion substitution. The s/s process consists of mixing the contaminants with binders and curing them over a period of time. At the disposal site, environmental carbon dioxide affects the s/s waste by a process known as carbonation. Carbonation brings about physical and chemical changes to the s/s waste. Thus, the study of the effect of carbonation on the s/s waste is important for assessing the long-term effectiveness of the s/s treatment process.


title: How does aquatic invertebrate community structure and abundance relate to brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) habitat quality?

subject: Aquatic macroinvertebrate community structure

subject: Brook trout

subject: EPT index

subject: Habitat quality

subject: Predator/prey relationships

subject: Taxa biomass and diversity

subject: Stream health

subject: Aquatic ecosystem

abstract: Sixty-seven streams located south-west of Lake Nipigon, Ontario, were sampled for brook trout and macroinvertebrate orders. Sixteen orders were used to determine if their community structure significantly changed in different brook trout habitat and different brook trout densities (no brook trout, one to fifteen brook trout or more than fifteen brook trout). Though the orders Odonata, Oligochaeta, Trichoptera, Chironomidae, Nematoda, Simuliidae, Gastropoda and Plecypoda varied in response to brook trout habitat quality and abundance, the community structures did not change significantly. Pollutant sensitive orders, Trichoptera, Ephemeroptera, and Plecoptera that are used as indicators and share similar habitat to brook trout did not significantly change in response to brook trout densities. Future direction may involve identifying macroinvertebrates to family or genus level to detect community changes, or analyzing further data such as invertebrate biomass, diversity or richness in these streams.


title: Water symbolism in the fiction of Margaret Laurence

abstract:
Margaret Laurence makes frequent reference to
the element, water, and also uses water-related words
in her fiction; often these convey symbolic meanings.
This thesis is based on a study of Laurence's five
novels: This Side Jordan, The Stone Angel, A Jest of
God, The Fire-Dwellers and The Diviners. In these
novels fifty water-related words are used a total of
over five hundred times. Frequently the symbolism involved
in the use of many of these words is directed
towards one of several specific functions. The purpose
of this thesis is to present an analysis of these functions.
Out of the more than twenty possible symbolic
functions of water itself and water-related words in
the five novels, three functions have been chosen for
analysis because of their obvious predominance. Laurence's
use of water symbols or water-related symbols to depict
the four major periods in man's life is discussed in
Chapter I. Chapter II emphasizes her use of this symbolism
with regard to the survival and regenerative
forces in man's life. In Chapter III Laurence's use of similar symbolism to assist in the creation of characterization
is emphasized. All these functions Laurence
has incorporated successfully into the weaving of her
fiction, making the symbolism intrinsic in the sense
that it does not intrude upon the reader; however,
the presence of the water symbolism and all the other
symbolism in the novels stimulates the reader who either
consciously, unconsciously or subconsciously interprets
the symbols and so gains a new depth of understanding
and appreciation for the writing.


title: In vitro detection of apoptosis using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and molecular magnetic resonance imaging

contributor:
Rapley, Patrick
Linhananta, Apichart
Sears, William

subject:
Apoptosis
Magnetic resonance imaging

abstract: Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles have the potential to greatly expand current anatomical imaging techniques, specifically MRI. SPIO nanoparticles targeted to phosphatidylserine (PS) have the potential to detect cell death in vitro . In this investigation, a method for detecting apoptosis was developed using annexin V for targeting SPIO nanoparticles to PS thus enabling us to detect different levels of cell death using a clinical MRI. The results demonstrated that the presence of MACS MicroBeads (annexin V-SPIO) leads to an increase in image contrast in the regions of large numbers of apoptotic cells ... Results show poor agreement with theoretical predictions but still offer potential improvement over previous efforts using SPECT imaging. The work presented here has implications for future studies of cancer treatment response and may one day help detect and quantify the levels of apoptosis in order to modify treatment according to specific patient needs.


title: Existential elements in the poetry of Theodore Roethke

subject: Existentialism in literature

abstract:
This study is an attempt to illustrate, through a
chronological reading of The Collected Poems, the existential
elements in the poetry of Theodore Roethke (1908 - 1963).
Though he was by no means a rigorous philosopher, Roethke's
particular responses to human life in the 20th century
constitute a meaningful and unigue philosophy of existence.
These particular responses are bound up in Roethke*s
language, his dominant images, and his primary thematic
concerns. The intent of this study is to examine these
responses in light of the general concerns of existentialism
in order to ascertain to what degree Roethke can be considered
an existential poet.
Existentialism is commonly accepted to be the philosophy of
influence in the 20th century. All artists of this era,
therefore, demonstrate a growing concern for the meaning of
their personal existences. To examine the language, images,
and thematic concerns of Roethke*s poetry in light of a
generally accepted definition of existentialism is to discover
what makes him more blatantly existential than many of his
contemporaries. For the purpose of clarity, I shall use the
term "existentialism” to denote only the most general
characteristics of the doctrine.


title: "I'm with you now, I'm with you ..." : Michael Corleone as gangster figure in Mario Puzo's and Francis Ford Coppola's The Godfather texts / by Carmela Coccimiglio.

contributor:
Stolar, Batia
Boire, Gary
Nicholson, Mervyn

subject: Godfather films

subject: Gangster films

subject: Corleone, Michael (Fictitious character)

subject: Puzo, Mario - Criticism

abstract:
This thesis examines the construction of the gangster figure as embodied by Michael Corleone in Francis Ford Coppola’s The Godfather, The Godfather Part II and The Godfather Part III. The examination of Michael is contextualized in an analysis of the conventions of the
gangster’s construction in early American film, specifically the “Golden Trilogy” comprised of Little Caesar, The Public Enemv and Scarface. The “Golden Trilogy” represents the height of the gangster’s representation in film; therefore, to critically analyze Coppola’s films is to recognize what Coppola borrows and changes for his films and how his choices affect the portrayal of the gangster. Also important to this study is the novel on which Coppola’s films are
based, Mario Puzo’s The Godfather. A number of changes to the conventions of the gangster genre are located in Puzo’s texts, especially in terms of ethnicity, masculinity and an emphasis on religion. The result is that while Michael’s roots are located in the early films, he emerges as a different kind of gangster, one that faces inner conflicts as a result of his lifestyle. Michael’s
choices in the novel and the films, especially his decision to legitimize the Corleone Family, place him in contrast to his father, Vito, the aging Don who must appoint a successor. That Michael’s dream is to live an all-American, or WASP, lifestyle indicates that the family and business will no longer be distinctly Sicilian under his leadership. Although Vito believes Michael to be the ideal successor, he is proven to be very wrong in Coppola’s films. The disastrous consequences of Michael’s choices destroy everything that Vito appoints him to protect; thus, Michael is inappropriate as a successor and a gangster, a point that Puzo hints at in
his novel. Coppola’s take on the gangster is that he can never be a success and he therefore must lose what he has been fighting so ferociously for, and deal with his losses until the day he dies, which is precisely the fate of Michael Corleone.


title: Investigation of automatic and recollective memory in phonological association

subject:
Memory Testing
Dissociation (Psychology)
Attention

abstract:
Two experiments manipulated the study variables
associative pairing, attention, and modality, in an
attempt to produce process dissociations (Jacoby,
1991) between estimates of recollective and
automatic memory in a rhyme-based cued-recall task
with university students. The experiments examined
possible inferences drawn from earlier research
with amnesiac subjects (Warrington & Weiskrantz,
1982) which implied that phonological association
can occur in automatic or implicit memory as well
as recollective or explicit memory. Experiment 1
found that manipulations of attention and study
context affected estimates (cf. Jacoby, 1991) of
recollective but not automatic phonological
association. Experiment 2 replicated the effect of
study context on estimates of recollective but not
automatic memory and in addition found that
manipulations of modality (and repetition) affected
some estimates of automatic but had no effect on
estimates of recollective phonological association.
As found previously (see Jacoby & Dallas, 1981),
Experiment 2 found that increasing the number of
study presentations increased estimates of both
recollective and automatic memory. Combined across
the two experiments there appeared to be separate
factors affecting recollective and automatic
memory, but the evidence for automatic memory of
phonological association was mixed.


title: Occupational health and safety as a global public health concern and the situation in Guyana

subject:
Public health Guyana
Industrial hygiene Guyana
Industrial safety Guyana

abstract:
I now wish to turn to ... workers in whom certain morbid
affections gradually arise from ... some particular posture of the
limbs or unnatural movements of the body called for while they
work. [Regarding] maladies that afflict the clerk [:] Incessant
driving of the pen over paper causes intense fatigue of the hand
and the whole arm ... Those who sit at their work ... become bent,
humpbacked, and hold their heads down like people looking for
something on the ground; this is the effect of their sedentary life
and the bent posture of the body as they sit and apply themselves
all day to their tasks. (Ramazzini, 1713/2001, p. 1380)
Two thirds of the world's population is involved in paid work. More often
than not, this involvement is a necessity and the means through which workers, as well
as economies seek to gain and maintain economic progress and by extension provide
access to or provision of services such as education and health. An occupation on the
one hand can provide satisfaction, elevate one's self esteem, and give a sense of order
and identity (Stone, 2003). On the other hand, workers may be exposed to hazards that
can adversely affect their health.
Work related injuries are not a new phenomenon; they were well described over
400 years ago by Ramazzini, who, because of his contribution to the recognition of the


title: Reducing the barriers to breastfeeding : an analysis of health services in Northern Ontario

contributor:
Montelpare, William
Kelley, Mary Lou
Larsen, Craig

subject: Breastfeeding (Psychological aspects)

subject: Breastfeeding promotion (Ontario, Northern)

abstract:
Given that there is a societal expectation that mothers of newborns initiate and maintain
breastfeeding for at least six months, there is a concomitant expectation that society provide the
essential services, education, and support systems to ensure breastfeeding success. The purpose of
this study was to:
1. Determine the barriers that affect a mother’s decision to initiate breastfeeding and
continue breastfeeding for the recommended six months (minimum).
2. Determine if current public health breastfeeding programs sufficient to overcome these
harriers.
3. Determine what, if any, changes could be made to public health promotion or education
programs to reduce the suggested barriers to breastfeeding.
The study used a secondary data analysis of raw data from the Northern Ontario Perinatal
and Child Health Survey (NOPCHS) (2003) to resolve the specific questions related to barriers,
programs, and recommended changes.
Regression analysis was used to first determine whether or not a mother chose to
breastfeed, and second to determine how long a mother breastfed, exclusively. The results from
the regression analysis suggested that a mother’s choice to breastfeed was based on whether she
wished to increase her bonding with her child; whether she was comfortable breastfeeding in
public places; whether she was in good health; and the level of her partner’s education.
Likewise, the regression output identified that the length of time a mother breastfed was
determined by a mother reporting an inadequate supply of milk; the child weaning him/herself;
whether a mother felt comfortable breastfeeding in the mall; the mother’s confidence with
breastfeeding at hospital discharge; whether the mother used of the Healthy Babies, Healthy Children program; the number of cigarettes the mother smoked; reported fatigue or inconvenience
of breastfeeding by the mother; a plan to stop at the time when child was weaned; whether the
mother worried about insufficient milk supply; the mother’s attendance at prenatal classes; the
mother’s comfort breastfeeding at the workplace; awareness of breastfeeding drop-ins; the choice
to breastfeed for cost efficacy; and the mother having the support of a lactation consultant.
With respect to Research Question 2 (Determine if current public health breastfeeding
programs sufficient to overcome these barriers), the results indicate that only 16% of the
respondents continued to breastfeed at six months (the minimum duration recommended by the
World Health Organization). This finding suggests that current public health breastfeeding
programs are not sufficient to overcome the barriers to breastfeeding.
Finally, based on the specific responses to questions in the NOPCHS and from previous
studies reported in the literature, it is suggested that breastfeeding programs must be relevant;
available to assist and provide support to mothers; be explicit; widely advertised and easily
accessible; and promote a culture that supports mothers in their decision to breastfeed, while
providing information to the general public on the benefits of breastfeeding, promoting acceptance
of this natural behaviour.


title: Painting like a housewife : an inquiry into gender bias in professional art education

subject: Art (Study and teaching [Higher] Sex differences)

subject: Women artists

abstract: Primary research method consisted of in-depth interviews with 10 female artists from Thunder Bay, Northwestern Ontario, Canada.

abstract:
This thesis is an examination of the post-secondary
art educational experiences of female artists. The focus
of the thesis is an analysis of their perceptions regarding
the effect of gender on their art, their lives as artists,
and their education. In essence, it explores the synthesis
of artist and woman. Such an exploration directs attention
to those virtually excluded from previous research.
In order to accomplish this, the primary research
method consisted of conducting in-depth interviews with 10
female artists from the Thunder Bay area. With regard to
these female artists I explored: their personal perception
of art education, their construction of professional
identity as artists, their integration of the role of
artist with other roles, as well as any perceived or real
barriers to creative work. To understand fully the
perceptions women artists have of their own professional
identity, it was necessary to incorporate other societal
roles held by the participants, and explore the resultant
juxtaposition.
A portion of this thesis is an autobiographical
investigation of my own journey as an artist designed to
integrate with and provide additional focus to the
investigation. This research contributes to the
understanding that there is a great deal to discover from
the standpoint of women, and also from personal reflection.


title: Approximate inverse based multigrid solution of large sparse linear systems

subject:
FAPIN (Algorithm)
Numerical analysis

abstract:
In this thesis we study the approximate inverse based multigrid algorithm FAPIN
for the solution of large sparse linear systems of equations.
This algorithm, which is closely related to the well known multigrid V-cycle, has
proven successful in the numerical solution of several second order boundary value problems.
Here we are mainly concerned with its application to fourth order problems. In
particular, we demonstrate good multigrid performance with discrete problems arising
from the beam equation and the biharmonic (plate) equation. The work presented also
represents new experience with FAPIN using cubic B-spline, bicubic B-spline and piecewise
bicubic Hermite basis functions. We recast a convergence proof in matrix notation
for the nonsingular case.
Central to our development are the concepts of an approximate inverse and an
approximate pseudo-inverse of a matrix. In particular, we use least squares approximate
inverses (and related approximate pseudo-inverses) found by solving a Frobenius
matrix norm minimization problem. These approximate inverses are used in the multigrid
smoothers of our FAPIN algorithms.


title: Effects of electrial stimulation and isokinetic exercise on serum enzymes and electrolytes

subject:
Exercise
Serum
Electric stimulation

abstract:
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects
of short-term electrical stimulation of the quadriceps
muscle, isokinetic leg extension and flexion exercise, and
combined electrical stimulation and isokinetic exercise on
serum enzyme and electrolyte concentrations. The subjects
used in the study were eleven healthy female university
students, 20 to 23 years of age. The subjects reported to
the laboratory once each week for three consecutive weekends.
On the first weekend electrical stimulation exercises
were conducted. Isokinetic exercise and combined electrical
stimulation and isokinetic exercise were performed on the
second and third weekends respectively. All testing was
carried out in the morning between 10:00 AM and 12:00 PM.
Blood samples were obtained from an atecubtial vein Just
prior to, immediately after, and five minutes after each
exercise. Serum enzymes (lactate dehydrogenase, creatine
kinase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase)
and electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chloride and total
carbon dioxide) were measured using the Abbott Laboratories
VP Bichromatic Analyser and the Nova Biochemical NOVA-4
Specific Ion Electrode Analyser respectively.
Minor, but statistically significant (p. < 0.05) changes
in lactate dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferase
occurred after exercise. No significant changes were found
in creatine kinase. Serum alkaline phosphatase levels were
increased significantly after both electrical stimulation
and isokinetic exercise. This suggested that the electrical
stimulation and isokinetic exercise may stimulate bone
metabolism. Small but statistically significant (p < 0.05) changes in serum sodium and total carbon dioxide occurred
after the electrical stimulation and isokinetic exerise. No
significant changes were noted in serum potassium and serum
chloride.
There was no evidence from this study, to suggest that
either electrical stimulation or isokinetic exerise had
detrimental effects on muscles. No other research dealing
with the effects of electrical stimulation and isokinetic
exercise on serum enzymes and electrolytes were available
for comparison with this study.


title: An evaluation of the effects of parelaphostrongylosis on moose populations

subject:
Parelaphostrongylus tenuis
Moose Diseases


title: Modeling and analysis of limit cycles in buck converters under PI control

subject:
DC-to-DC converters
Discrete-time systems
Electric current converters
Step-down (buck) converters

abstract:
A zero order hold equivalent discrete-time model of the buck converter for computing its
large signal frequency-response is developed and experimentally verified. It is shown that
with a dc bias and a sinusoidal variation of the input duty cycle, the frequency-response
of the output voltage from the converter shifts from underdamped behaviour to damped
behaviour with increasing amplitude of the input sinusoid. It is observed th at with a
given dc input bias and a given input amplitude beyond the range of the state-space
averaged small signal model, the converter behaviour varies from exclusively continuous
inductor current mode at low frequencies to behaviour with continuous and discontinuous
inductor current modes at high frequencies. The use of this sinusoidal input large signal
frequency-response in predicting limit cycles induced by feedback of output voltage using
proportional and integral controllers for such converters is studied. Experimental results
confirming the use of this large signal frequency-response are presented. Also the use of
large signal model in predicting the steady-state behaviour is studied.


title: Impact of a 10-week structured exercise class on the perceptions of vasomotor symptoms experienced by perimenopausal women : a qualitative collective case study / by Reija Karioja.

contributor:
Farrell, Joey
Kelley, Mary Lou
Walker, Diane

subject:
Perimenopause
Hot Flashes
Exercise - Physiological aspects
Vasomotor symptoms

abstract:
Menopause is a natural progression in the aging process and signals the end of the woman's reproductive life. Menopause has been associated with the occurrence of a range of symptoms that affect every aspect of the woman's life. One group of symptoms experienced by the majority of mid-life women are hot flashes and nights sweats, referred to in the research community as vasomotor symptoms. The experience of these symptoms is a subjective event, one that is as unique as the women themselves. Vasomotor symptoms may be disruptive in nature and affect the physical, psychological and social aspects of some women's lives. For the women who are negatively affected by this symptom, the usual recourse is to go on hormone replacement therapy (HRT). However, negative side effects of HRT have been widely publicized, causing women to seek other alternatives, including cardiovascular exercise.
This study provided the opportunity to explore how, through a structured exercise class, cardiovascular exercise affects the experience of vasomotor symptoms perceived by a group of perimenopausal women. Through a collective case study utilizing mixed methods, the experiences of four women were followed over the course of ten weeks. During this time, the women undertook a structured exercise class that was held for one hour, three times per week at a fitness facility.  The results of this study are promising. All four of the participants in this study experienced a decrease in the frequency and/or the severity of their vasomotor symptoms. There were also other benefits of participating in the study that emerged from the data. The women reported improvements in their self-esteem and self-confidence. They also developed a sense of belonging through experiencing this class together and drew upon each other as a source of motivation.


title: Arguesian lattices of order 3

subject: Lattice theory.

abstract:
Since the mid 19th century it has been known that every
Desarguean projective’ plane is coordinatizable over a division
ring. This coordinatization procedure was used by von Neumann
[9] to show that every complemented modular lattice with spanning
n-frame (n >= 4) is isomorphic to the lattice of finitely generated
submodules of a regular ring. In 1958, Jonsson introduced the
Arguesian identity and extended von Neumann’s result to every complemented Arguesian lattice with spanning 3-frame. It was further
noted by Freese [s] and Artmann [l] that to obtain the ring,
von Neumann’s proof did not require complementation., In this thesis
we follow the method of von.Neumann to show: [see thesis for theorum]


title: Coming to know through story: exploring the social economy of blueberry foraging in Northwestern Ontario

contributor:
Nelson, Connie
Levkoe, Charles

subject:
Foraging
Social economy
Boreal forest ecosystem

abstract: Foraging for wild blueberries is part of the identity of many Northern Ontario residents. As far back as many people can remember their families have completed the annual trek out to the blueberry patch to harvest blueberries throughout the month of August while they are ripe for the picking. In this research, I explore these practices by answering the following research questions: how do blueberry foraging initiatives in Northwestern Ontario demonstrate properties of the social economy?; how do these properties support the continuation of blueberry harvesting?; and what barriers hinder the foraging of blueberries as a social economy in the region? Using complexity theory, the social economy of foraging for wild blueberries is explored within the boreal forest ecosystem. Four case studies are examined through a participant observation approach that uses semi-structured interviews with blueberry pickers. Blueberry foraging, which exists within the complex adaptive system of the boreal forest, was found to be its own complex adaptive system that adapts to a constantly changing environment. Through blueberry foraging, interviewees were found to gain connections to the land and to each other. How these connections were expressed was impacted by the social and cultural values of individuals and communities. What appeared to remain consistent was the ability of the relational values associated with the social economy to support adaptation; thus, building resilience among blueberry foraging initiatives in Northern Ontario.


title: Spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) late-instar dispersal and impact on host-species natural regeneration in a boreal mixedwood forest of Ontario

subject: Spruce budworm (Ontario Black Sturgeon Lake Region)

subject: Effect of spruce budworm on forest regeneration

subject: Boreal mixedwood forest

subject: Budworm / forest interrelations

abstract:
Understory feeding by the spruce budworm ( Choristoneura fumiferana
Clem.) has potential to alter the species composition of established regeneration
and therefore the value of the future forest. This study sets out to test
the hypothesis that the spruce budworm kills more balsam fir (Abies balsamea
(L.) Mill.) than spruce (Picea spp.) seedlings, thereby increasing the spruce
component of the future forest. Four 1 0-ha study plots were established in a
boreal mixedwood forest near Black Sturgeon Lake Ontario in 1993. A spruce
budworm outbreak had been underway in this area for more than 10 years and
was expected to collapse at any time. Branch samples were collected from
mature balsam fir, white spruce (Picea glauca [Moench] Voss), and black
spruce (Picea mariana [Mill.] B.S.P.) trees to compare foliage defoliation and
budworm densities. Water traps were set beneath host trees to capture late-instar
larvae as they dispersed to the understory. Stand characteristics were
documented through stem tallies of trees and seedlings. All host seedlings
(diameter < 3 em) were assessed for budworm feeding damage.
Stem tallies indicated that the spruce budworm had increased the
relative importance of spruce by killing more balsam fir in the overstory. This
influence became progressively more pronounced among smaller diameter
classes. However, mortality ceased abruptly at the seedling level. Despite
fairly high dispersal numbers under host trees (40-160 larvae per m2), budworm
damage to regeneration was minimal and evidence of a selective influence on
species composition could not be shown. The reason for a lack of damage to
regeneration remains unknown, but a number of possible reasons are provided.
Over 90% of all seedlings in the understory were less than 30 em tall. Almost
97% of all regeneration was balsam fir. Possible reasons for the lack of spruce
regeneration are provided and possible changes to the species composition of
the forest in the future are considered. It is concluded that a harvesting system
other than clearcutting may be necessary to insure adequate spruce regeneration
in the boreal mixedwood forest.


title: Mating strategies across the menstrual cycle : preferences, jealousy, and masculinity

subject:
Menstrual cycle
Psychological aspects
Sex (Psychology)
Sexual behavior
Dating (Social customs)
Mate selection
Man-woman relationships

abstract: Recent research suggests that there is more within- than between-sex variation in sociosexuality and that there may be organizational and activational effects of gonadal steroids on the mating tactics of women. For instance, there is preliminary evidence of a periovulatory sociosexuality tactic shift (PSTS), whereby women exhibit shifts away from their primary strategies when fertility is high. The present study was one of the first to examine mate preference as measured by the Romantic Partner Attribute Index, and romantic jealousy, across the menstrual cycle. Two hundred and thirteen women completed a Laboratory Session and on Online Questionnaire at each of three phases (menstrual, preovulatory, and luteal), but only 14 met strict post hoc criteria for phase comparisons.