title: Tradition, tension and transformation: masculinity in the fiction of Alistair MacLeod

contributor:
Simpson, McCulloch G. (author)
(Wyile, Herb) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: This thesis examines the Maritime fiction of Alistair MacLeod through a constructivist approach to gender and argues that determinant and dynamic external forces threaten to constrict his male characters to gender roles that limit the trajectories of their lives and their potential for self-actualization. Rather than presenting the Maritimes as an idealized pastoral space, MacLeod destabilizes this romantic vision and represents the definite complexities and hardships of working-class life. Primarily focused on manual labour and the Gaelic clan system, the argument addresses the lives of MacLeod’s male characters who are socialized into masculinity and are expected to provide for their immediate family and their clan despite the dangers of their labour. The constrictive nature of these expectations tend to cause feelings of ambivalence within many of MacLeod’s characters toward their labour, their families and their masculine identities. Intensifying this ambivalence are the effects of globalization on Maritime life and the ways in which this socioeconomic shift undermines traditional bases of masculinity, further amplifying MacLeod’s characters’ internal conflicts. Exploring his characters’ understandings of masculinity and the internal dissonance they experience sheds significant light on the social tensions that complicate their lives and, more broadly, the ramifications of external forces for men and masculinity1

abstract: English & Theatre Studies


title: The unnecessary necessity: Linking water commodification in North America and Sub-Saharan Africa

type: Text Dissertation/Thesis

contributor:
Kennedy, L. Emily (author)
(Duke, David) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

rights: The author grants permission to the University Librarian at Acadia University to reproduce, loan or distribute copies of my thesis in microform, paper or electronic formats on a non-profit basis. The author retains the copyright of the thesis.

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: The links between water commodification in the West in the form of bottled water and  that of the privatization of public goods, and a recently emerging bottled water industry  in Africa are strikingly similar. Access to safe public water sources, along with an  aspirational quality of both health and wealth, has led bottled water to become one of the  most intriguing markets in the last 30 years, and for good reason – water is essential to  human survival. While the success of water commodification in bottled form is largely  due to the involvement of multinational corporations, the future of Africa’s municipal  water is under the same pressure. Using the same pretences to gain market share in the  North American bottled water market, private firms are taking over public water supplies  in many parts of Sub-Saharan Africa with the promise of increased access in return for  high costs to consumers. A comparison of the privatization of public water supplies  present in South Africa and Botswana as a means to provide potable drinking water to the  millions without ready access in Sub-Saharan Africa exemplifies how the Western  bottled water market is not unlike the framework used to persuade governments in the  Global South to hand over the control of water supplies in their respective countries.

abstract: Environmental & Sustainability Studies


title: Placebo responding in children and adults with psychiatric symptoms: A look into the roles of catastrophizing, somatic focus, and expectations

contributor:
MacAulay, Alex W (author)
(Potter, Susan) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: The present study examined various psychological factors that were proposed to influence  greater placebo responding in individuals with symptoms of anxiety, depression, and  ADHD. 14 adults and 7 children consumed probiotics or placebo daily for several weeks  (5 weeks for adults, 4 for children). At the beginning and end of this period (Times 1 and  2, respectively), participants completed a variety of measures assessing their mental  health (i.e., the Anxiety Sensitivity Index, among others). Also, at the start of this period,  participants completed the Placebo Response Prediction Questionnaire (PRPQ), which  was comprised of various measures that assessed catastrophizing, expectations, somatic  focus, and optimism. Pearson Correlations were used to analyze possible associations  between PRPQ scores and changes in mental health measures for both intervention  groups. As hypothesized, various PRPQ variables exclusively predicted placebo  responding. Increased scores on catastrophizing measures showed significant positive  correlations with changes in anxiety from Time 1 to Time 2 for adults in the placebo  condition but not in the probiotic condition. Interestingly, pre-treatment expectations  towards symptom relief in the placebo group showed a significant negative correlation  with changes in the Cognitive Concerns subscale of the ASI, a finding that was opposite  to what was previously hypothesized. The findings of this study indicate a probable  interaction between expectations and catastrophizing during psychiatric treatment, and  may have important implications in the design of future clinical trials.

abstract: Psychology


title: Leaps of faith: Effectiveness of airborne operations in World War II

contributor:
Cann, William (author)
(Doerr, Paul) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: This thesis analyzes three airborne operations in World War II: Operation Merkur  - the German invasion of Crete in 1941, Operation Overlord - the Allied invasion of  Normandy in 1944, and Operation Market-Garden – the Allied Airborne landings in  Holland in 1944. It argues that the success of these operations depended on near flawless  execution of tasks. If one element of these airborne operations failed, the entire operation  was in jeopardy. This thesis also discusses some of the factors that influence the outcome  of these operations, such as surprise, landing accuracy, casualties, and weather.

abstract: History & Classics


title: Gender and age comparisons of neuromuscular activity patterns in the dominant and non-dominant legs of under 12 and above 16 year old soccer athletes during unanticipated side-cutting maneuvers: Relevance to non-contact ACL injuries

contributor:
Steele, Kendal (author)
(Landry, Scott) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2015

abstract: Recent studies regarding non-contact ACL injuries show that female athletes have  a significantly increased risk of sustaining this injury in sport compared to males (Agel et  al., 2005). During puberty, it has been suggested that females undergo unfavorable  alterations in their neuromuscular control patterns that can lead to an increased risk of  ACL injuries (Renstrom et al., 2008). This study set out to identify if gender and age  differences exist between male and female soccer athletes at two different age groups:  under 12 (U-12), and above 16 year olds (AB-16) while performing unanticipated side-cutting  maneuvers.  All athletes, 20 males and 16 females (U-12) and 20 males and 19 females (AB-  16), had no history of major lower limb injuries. Participants performed 45 degree  unanticipated side-cutting maneuvers, at 75% of their maximum speed, on an artificial  turf surface. Unanticipated conditions were used to simulate a true game-like scenario,  where non-contact ACL injuries are most likely to occur. Neuromuscular control patterns  were recorded and analyzed during the stance phase of the side-cutting maneuvers for the  vastus lateralis (VL) and medialis (VM), lateral (LH) and medial hamstrings (MH), and  lateral (LG) and medial gastrocnemius (MG). A series of maximal voluntary isometric  contractions (MVIC) were used to normalize the amplitude of neuromuscular activation  waveforms during the side-cutting maneuvers. A separate principal component analysis  (PCA) was performed on each of the different muscle groups, with a two factor ANOVA  being used to test for a gender, age and interaction effect on both the dominant and non-dominant  legs of the athletes.  Significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) were identified in all six muscles tested for the  dominant leg, and in five muscles for the non-dominant leg. AB-16 athletes displayed  significantly greater magnitudes (PC1) than U-12 athletes for all but the VM muscle in  the dominant leg, and in the MG and MH of the non-dominant leg. Pairwise comparisons  found interaction effects between female groups, where AB-16 females displayed  significantly greater magnitudes for the VM compared to U-12 females in the dominant  leg. Female athletes demonstrated significantly greater magnitudes in the VM of the non-dominant  leg compared to males. Pairwise comparisons found a significant difference for  magnitudes between AB-16 male and female athletes for the VL, where females  displayed significantly greater magnitudes than males in the non-dominant leg.  Research has shown that female athletes display greater magnitudes of activation  in the vastus medialis and lateralis than their male counterparts (Malinzak et al., 2001). A  gender effect was apparent as females demonstrated significantly greater magnitudes in  the VM for the non-dominant leg. Also, an interaction effect was found between AB-16  males and females, where the female group displayed significantly greater magnitudes for  the VL of the non-dominant leg compared to males. These findings could help explain  why there is higher incidence of ACL injuries seen in the AB-16 female athletes.  Future studies considering each of the factors presented in this study (gender, age, leg  dominance) will provide additional and important insight into the mechanisms behind  non-contact ACL injuries. It is essential to determine what neuromuscular patterns are  occurring in a population before puberty, allowing researchers to further understand how  neuromuscular patterns change as an individual ages and how prevention programs can be  developed to help reduce the incidence of this devastating injury post-puberty.

abstract: Kinesiology


title: The effect of distraction on female lower limb biomechanics during a drop jump landing: Relevance to preventing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries

contributor:
Price, Hannah L. (author)
(Landry, Scott) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2015

abstract: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the four main ligaments in the knee, and it resists  anterior translation of the tibia on the femur. Post-pubescent female athletes are two to eight times  more likely to sustain an ACL injury compared to their male counterparts; however, this gender  disparity is not present before puberty. Addressing the prevention of ACL injuries is imperative  because these injuries provide a significant burden to the health care system, not only in the costs  of surgery and rehabilitation, but also in the costs of treating the knee osteoarthritis that often  follows such a devastating knee injury. Analysing athletic maneuvers under unanticipated  conditions more closely mimics true game-like scenarios where the ACL can be injured from a  non-contact mechanism. The purpose of this study was to perform a biomechanical comparison  between pre-planned and distracted drop jump landings performed by post-pubescent female  athletes while developing an extensive protocol that can be used to examine the biomechanics of  the knee under different circumstances. Seven female varsity soccer players from Acadia  participated in this study. Hip, knee, and ankle joint angles and moments were measured in the  John MacIntyre motion Laboratory of Applied Biomechanics (mLAB) during unanticipated jump  landings from a 31 cm high platform. A Fusionsport timing gate system was used to create the  unanticipated movements, and a 12-camera motion capture system with one high-speed video  camera and two force platforms were used to measure and calculate joint angles and moments for  the lower extremities. A distraction effect was tested for using paired t-tests, at p < 0.05. Apart  from a difference found in the dominant limb’s maximum extension moment during the stance  phase, statistically significant differences were not found between the pre-planned and distracted  landing conditions. In conclusion, in highly trained, post-pubescent female athletes, drop jump  landings were not affected by the distraction method used in this study.

abstract: Kinesiology


title: The relationship between attachment, sleep and the development of attention in young children

contributor:
Porter, Sydney M. (author)
(Brodeur, Darlene) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2015

abstract: The development of attention in early childhood may be associated with a variety of other aspects of socio-cognitive development such as attachment security with parents and regulatory processes such as sleep quality.  The goal of the current study was to examine the relationship between parent-child attachment, sleep quality, and aspects of attention in 55 children between 4.5 and 8 years of age.  A modified version of the Child Attention Network Test (CANT; Rueda et al., 2004) was used to look at orienting, alerting, and executive functioning components of attention, the Manchester Child Attachment Story Task (MCAST; Green, Stanley, Smilth, & Goldwin 2000) was used to measure attachment, and the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL; Achenbach and Rescorla, 2000) was used to measure sleep quality.  A relationship was found between attachment security and overall sleep quality in children.  However, no significant effects were between the development of attention and its association with attachment or sleep. These results are discussed in terms of the potential effect of parent-child relationships and sleep on the development of attention.

abstract: Psychology


title: The problem of the coloured child: Child welfare services after the Halifax Explosion

contributor:
Bundy, Jessica (author)
(Bonner, Claudine) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2015

abstract: The focus of this paper will be the treatment and care given to African Nova Scotian Children in the period immediately after the Halifax Explosion from 1917 to 1921. As well, it will focus on the programs and services developed solely for African Nova Scotian children. Providing an analysis of how African Nova Scotian children were processed after a disaster such as this is important because it contributes to an understanding of a part of our Canadian history of which we know very little. Through the lens of Critical Race Theory, this research has collected data through historical document analysis. This paper aims to create a landscape of child welfare that has yet to be established by addressing the lack of and gap in data and analyzing why this gap exists. This research provides a deeper understanding of the social and racial stigma present within the child welfare system at the time of the Halifax Explosion. This paper will prove there is insufficient data on the child welfare of African Nova Scotian children, in primarily government documents. These documents provide no details or follow-ups to the little detail present about African Nova Scotian children. What was present provided evidence of systemic racism present and voiced racist attitudes, in this post-Explosion era.

abstract: Sociology


title: Knowledge in waves: The theory and practice of women's self-knowledge and self-understanding of their bodies

contributor:
Bethune, Stephanie (author)
(Abramson, Zelda) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278

abstract: Contemporary feminist theory has become so complex and academic that the connection  to women’s lives is seemingly lost, raising the question of whether feminist theory has a  substantive relationship to women’s daily lives and experiences. Through problematizing  the spaces between theory and experience, drawing on four in-depth mutigenerational  interviews and examining the apparent relations between theory and experience, the  futures of feminist theory can be creatively reimagined. By broadly overviewing  important themes in feminist theory from late second wave to present day and cross-examining  these with interview data from four multigenerational interviews, I examine  the aforementioned space. Women’s experiences of their sexualities and bodies relate to  theory in unexpected and interesting ways, and theory reflects these experiences in both  its inaccessible and accessible forms. Women experience the construction of womanhood,  the shame surrounding sexuality, community building through confession, and seek out  their ideal world. By examining these experiences in relation to feminist theory, I  demonstrate the importance of further theoretical analyses of sexual and gendered  difference, wherein the creation and dissemination of knowledge of women’s bodies and  experiences affect the lives of the women that it studies.

abstract: Sociology


title: Moderating effects of generation on incivility, burnout, and intentions to quit

contributor:
Bolton, Alana C. (author)
(Leiter, Michael) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2015

abstract: Currently, three generations occupy the nursing workforce, the Millennials,  Generation X, and the Baby Boomers (Zemke, Raines, & Filipczak, 2000). Differences  between these generations with regards to the work environment have been established.  While previous literature has examined this relationship between Generation X and Baby  Boomer cohorts, little research has compared them to the Millennial generation. The  present study examined the relationship civility level, burnout, and intentions to quit  between these three generations. A survey of health care workers (N= 1,898) was  conducted by the Center for Organizational Research and Development (COR&D) at  Acadia University. Initial correlations confirmed relationships between all variables p  <.001. A moderation technique was used to analyze the predictive power of generation as  a moderator of the relationships between the study variables. Results suggest that the  Millennial generation experience negative relationships between incivility, burnout, and  intention to quit to the greatest extent. Implications include intervention suggestions and  fostering civility in the workplace. Future research should focus on the differences  reported between generational cohorts.  Keywords: Workplace retention, generational cohorts, health care worker

abstract: Psychology


title: Ruthenium complexes of imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline and oxazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline for bioinorganic applications

contributor:
DeCoste, Ryan C. (author)
(McFarland, Sherri) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2011

abstract: Ruthenium complexes of the type [Ru(LL)2(LL‟)]2+ (LL = 2,2‟-bipyridine, 1,10-phenanthroline; LL‟ = substituted imidazo- or oxazolo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline) were synthesized, characterized and tested for their ability to bind to, and photocleave, DNA. Complexes were designed in hopes that such abilities would translate to photocytotoxicity in vitro, and therefore show potential as new photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy (PDT), a form of chemotherapy involving the use of a photoactivated drug to inflict selective tissue damage following directed irradiation. Polypyridal Ru(II) complexes are reported in literature to bind to, and cause photo-induced cleavage of, DNA, and these results are extended to new complexes in this study. Complex 1a demonstrated very strong DNA binding ability in UV-Vis DNA titration experiments, and both 1a and 1b showed significant DNA photocleaving ability in experiments monitored using agarose gel electrophoresis. Photocytotoxicity of the synthesized ruthenium complexes was evaluated through cell culture assays employing human leukemia (HL-60) cells to study how DNA binding and photocleaving behavior would translate within the cell. All complexes exhibited some toxicity, however several showed significant amounts of dark toxicity and, therefore, do not represent promising molecules for PDT applications. Complexes 1a and 1b, however, induced little dark toxicity but caused photocytotoxicity in nearly all cells at 100 μM, killing 79 % and 67 % more cells, respectively, than in dark controls. This suggests that the damaging behavior of these molecules in photocleavage assays can also occur within HL60 cells. These results point to Ru(II) coordination complexes containing 2-(2‟,2‟‟-bithiophene)imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline ligands (1a, 1b) as promising candidates in the field of inorganic photodynamic therapy, and warrant future investigations to confirm their potentia

abstract: Chemistry


title: In a hole in the ground there lived a novel of not so little consequence

contributor:
Pearle, Shilo (author)
(Whetter, Kevin) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: In this thesis, I endeavour to explain why The Hobbit deserves further critical research. First, in Chapter One, I illustrate the key elements which Tolkien believed must be contained within a genuine fairy story. Next I consider two of Tolkien’s pre-hobbit minor works, Mr. Bliss and Roverandom, and how they fall short of being true fairy stories. I then begin to examine The Hobbit itself. In Chapter Three I focus on some of the works which had significant influence on Tolkien while writing The Hobbit. In the final chapter, I explore some of the current critical studies on the novel and attempt to show how these studies do not do The Hobbit justice. I also attempt to comment on some of the characters which scholars tend to overlook, such as the Mirkwood elves, and the eagles. Drawing attention to these shortcomings in the current studies of The Hobbit confirms that more critical research must be done. Overall, I venture to establish that The Hobbit has been greatly, and wrongly, ignored by scholars.

abstract: English & Theatre Studies


title: Attachment style as a predictor of transformational leadership, incivility, and psychological safety in the workplace

contributor:
Creighton, Toula (author)
(Leiter, Michael) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: Three variables, transformational leadership, incivility, and psychological safety have been associated with outcomes that significantly impact the work place. To collect data, the Centre of Organizational Research Development distributed surveys to health care workers (n=2046). The analysis considered employees' attachment orientation as well as the attachment avoidance of their immediate supervisors and assessed whether attachment orientation is associated with these three variable. Results partially supported hypotheses as staff attachment orientation was associated with all three study variables. Supervisor attachment, however, only significantly predicted some of the study variables. Furthermore, results did not support any interactions between attachment orientation and any of the dependent variables. Results indicate that attachment orientation is associated with all study variables and therefore has implications for organizations.

abstract: Psychology


title: The perceived benefits and barriers for baby boomers volunteering in hospital settings

contributor:
White, Shannon C. (author)
(Sweatman, Mary) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2015

abstract: This study is an initial attempt to investigate the relationship of the benefits and  barriers for baby boomers volunteering in hospital settings, and the link to various aspects of  wellness. Baby boomers are a large demographic in Canada, bringing their role in the  volunteer sector to light as more set to retire. As retirement for this generation has already  begun, and more is soon to follow, hospitals in Canada will be forced to structure programs  in a way that caters to this demographic.  The subjects of this study were selected because they were baby boomers at one of  two large, suburban hospitals in Ontario’s Greater Toronto Area. Interviews were conducted  using a semi-structured format, which allowed the participants to share their stories and  experiences. The interviews were recorded on audiotape and transcribed.  The stories of participants demonstrated a connection between the positive work they  were doing, and their personal mental health/wellness, a spiritual meaning to their work, as  well as the values of social capital. The results did not support extensive findings for  participation barriers; as only current volunteers were those interviewed. Key findings were  that volunteering is a benefit for four distinct areas of wellness; physical, social,  psychological, and spiritual.

abstract: Kinesiology


title: The National Geographic Magazine and the construction of China and Inner Asia: The travel writing of Joseph F. Rock and Owen Lattimore

contributor:
Coolidge, Amanda Katherine (author)
(Perrins, Robert John) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2001

abstract: The end of the nineteenth century marked the emergence of American political and economic interests in China, as a result of the 1899 Open Door Policy enacted by the American Secretary of State, John Hay. Americans entered the race of imperialist expansion at the turn of the twentieth century and, in doing so, needed a contemporary cultural icon that would help to shape American public opinion. With the growth of overseas interests, the National Geographic Magazine was created to ensure the expansion of geographic knowledge, as well as introduce Americans to the regions their country was economically and politically involved with.  This Thesis examines the travel writings of Joseph F. Rock and Owen Lattimore, both in the National Geographic Magazine and in their extensive published works. The thesis will investigate how both writers were able to transcend cultural barriers and introduce Americans to China and Inner Asia in the mid-twentieth century. Further the study will conclude that Joseph F. Rock represented the cultural absolutist. He compared western progress with that of the non-western world. Owen Lattimore was representative of the cultural relativist, as he studied Inner Asian cultures within their historical contexts. The thesis takes an American cultural icon, the National Geographic Magazine, and shows, through writings and photographs, how the travel literature of Joseph F. Rock and Owen Lattimore in the 1920s and the 1940s played an important role in formulating American perceptions of Inner Asian and Chinese politics, culture, and geography.

abstract: History & Classics


title: Response of olfactory receptor neurons in Varroa destructor mites to attractant and repellent semiochemicals

contributor:
Hanes, Mark R. (author)
(Shutler, Dave) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2015

abstract: Apiculture is an economically important industry that has been suffering from a  suite of detriments in recent years, particularly from infestations of the obligate,  ectoparasitic mite, Varroa destructor Anderson and Trueman (Parasitiformes:  Varroidae). These mites feed on haemolymph of adult and developing western honey  bees, frequently causing additional pathology, which likely makes V. destructor the main  driver of colony losses that are occurring worldwide. Mites possess numerous hair-like  projections (sensilla) on their bodies through which they can sense attractants and  repellents within honey bee colonies. I performed single sensillum recordings of  olfactory receptor neurons within sensilla on the right leg-like structure (pedipalp) of  these mites to evaluate their response to a variety of behaviourally-relevant volatile  biochemicals. Preliminary results from 21 sensilla exposed to 13 volatiles indicate a  significant neuronal response to benzaldehyde, octanoic and palmitic acid, geraniol,  methyl oleate and decanal. By investigating how sensilla detect and process such  odorants, we may develop new approaches to modifying V. destructor behaviour and,  ultimately, their life cycle, to the benefit of honey bees.

abstract: Biology


title: "Support it properly or drop it": The development of Canadian football at Acadia University, 1956-1979

contributor:
Barette, Lee (author)
(Thomas, John) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 1998

abstract: This thesis traces the development of Canadian football at Acadia University between 1956 and 1979. It explores the question of whether a Canadian university football programme can develop successfully without the full support of a university administration. At Acadia , as elsewhere, students initiated the football programme because of their desire to compete against other universities. Initially, however, the team did not receive adequate support from the administration and experienced many disappointing seasons as a result. after Dr. James Beveridge became presidnet of Acadia University in 1964, the programme received the support from administrators it needed to prosper. Many new strategies were implemented by the administration so that the football programme would become a national success. By the 1970's, the programme was solidified, eventually winning the national championship in 1979.

abstract: History & Classics


title: What's in a name? A feminist analysis of critical self-reflection in decision making in heterosexual marriages

contributor:
Clarke, Bridget (author)
(Abramson, Zelda) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2015

abstract: This thesis focuses on women’s decisions to take their husband’s last name at marriage, and how this pertains to feminism and marriage equality in heterosexual partnerships. The research examines young Canadian women’s perspectives and attitudes on marital name changing as a widely accepted social norm in North America. Drawing on interviews with 4 women between the ages 19 and 25, and a survey sample of 148 women at a Maritime University, I examine how females self-identity, family, relation to feminism, and socialization of gender roles shape how women view gendered name changing as a marital tradition.  The research reveals that the majority of female students at this university, based on the sample, plan to take their husband’s name at marriage. Looking to first, second, and third wave feminism for a foundation of literature and theory, I argue that the decision to continue the tradition of taking the last name of the husband is a product of lack of critical self-reflection as well as a lack of recognition of structural influences. As a result of my findings, I argue a backslide from third wave feminism may play into how young women in the 21st century view gender roles in heterosexual marriages. I call for a new wave of feminism that supports equality within heterosexual marriages.

abstract: Sociology


title: Agency and activism: Reconsidering the emergence of early modern feminism

contributor:
Gaudet, Alexandra (author)
(Whaley, Leigh Anne) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2015

abstract: In an attempt to trace the emergence of feminism in Europe, particularly in England and France, some historians have erroneously ascribed the beginnings of the movement as having taken place during the early modern period. In particular, many historians have claimed that the first early modern feminists in England and in France were Mary Astell (1666 – 1731) and Madeleine de Scudéry (1607 – 1701), respectively, by virtue of the innovative nature of their written works. This thesis will demonstrate, through careful study of early modern womanhood, the querelle des femmes, as well as a thorough analysis of Mary Astell and Madeleine de Scudéry’s published works, that there is an important distinction to be made between early modern feminism and early modern activism for women’s rights. By considering the contents of Mary Astell’s A Serious Proposal to the Ladies (1694) as well as Madeleine de Scudéry’s Les femmes illustres (1642), the nuanced differences which define early modern activism for women’s rights are rendered apparent, and clearly demarcate these women from the feminist movement which truly blossomed during the Enlightenment period.

abstract: History & Classics


title: REBIC analysis of charge density waves in TaS3

contributor:
Avila Ruiz, Ethan A. (author)
(Robertson, Michael) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2015

abstract: As a quasi one-dimensional material, TaS3 undergoes a phase transition in its structure  when the temperature is decreased below its critical Peierls temperature. This phase  transition is known as a charge density wave and its properties can be studied using  electron beam induced current in a scanning electron microscope. The regions observed  within the crystal vary in contrast at room and liquid nitrogen temperatures implying a  non-CDW behaviour. The results of this experiment suggest that there is a possibility  that electrically active defects are the source of the contrast changes in the EBIC image  of TaS3 and further research studies are recommended to obtain quantitative results.

abstract: Physics


title: The price is right: Progressive and free-market environmentalism in Australia and Canada

contributor:
Barrett, Aaron (author)
(Biro, Andrew) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2015

abstract: Humanity has come to a cross roads; it must change its ways or face a self-inflicted  environmental crisis. With that in mind, the question becomes what can be done to ensure  the former path is taken. According to progressive environmentalists, catastrophe cannot  be avoided under the current capitalist system; due to the motive of gain that is inherent to  the global economic system, the environment is terminally destined to be trumped by the  economy under capitalism. Conversely, free-market environmentalists argue that the forces  of neoliberalism can be harbored to reverse global warming. This thesis argues that while  the progressive rational correctly suggests that humanity must break with capitalism to  survive, in the short run, the free-market approach offers useful policy mechanisms that  can be used to mitigate climate change. To validate this claim, one must look no further  than Australia and Canada’s experience with carbon pricing. While both countries have  successfully housed effective and efficient carbon taxes, neither currently imposes a  national scheme. This is because of the feverish opposition towards carbon pricing that has  been advanced by politicians, interests groups, and citizens alike. Thus Canada and  Australia’s carbon pricing history demonstrates that even though free-market  environmentalists have conceptualized useful and relatively market-friendly climate change  mitigation strategies, they are failing to be utilized due to concern for the economy. As a  result, this thesis concludes that humanity must move away from capitalism once and for  all.

abstract: Politics


title: The effects of implanting Green Frogs with Passive Integrated Transponder tags

contributor:
Dornan, Robin G. (author)
(Avery, Trevor) (Thesis advisor)
(Smith, Todd) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2015

abstract: Individual identification of amphibians is necessary to effectively monitor populations. Identification methods must be easily applicable in the field and have reliable readability and retention. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) tags as a marking method for Green Frogs (Lithobates clamitans). PIT tags have unique identification numbers, and were implanted into the body cavity of 65 Green Frog tadpoles, either 1) dorsally, 2) ventrally, or 3) in the tail. Tadpoles from two collections, one caught in mid-June and another in late July, were assigned randomly to five and four groups, respectively. Two groups in each collection period were designated as control groups (handled and handled plus incised) within which tadpoles were not tagged. All 13 tadpoles tagged in the tail in mid-June died after tagging so this trial was not repeated in late July. Mortality rates for tadpoles tagged ventrally (15% in both mid-June and late July) were similar to those tagged dorsally (8% in mid-June and 15% in late July), and only slightly greater, but not significantly so, than the combined total of four control groups (9%). Tadpoles tagged dorsally had tail resorption rates that were not significantly different from the handled control group (p=0.325) or the handled plus incised control group (p=0.254). The ventral group had tail resorption rates that were significantly different from the handled control group (p=0.001) and the handled plus incised control group (p>0.001). The handled control group did not have a significantly different tail resorption rate than the handled and incised control group (p=0.795). Post-mortem dissection of the ventral and dorsal trial groups revealed that tags remained loosely floating in the peritoneal cavity of tadpoles and young frogs. PIT tags look to be an effective tagging method when inserted ventrally or dorsally. This method of tagging will be used to monitor amphibians in the area of dry and wet passageways near Antigonish, Nova Scotia.

abstract: Biology


title: Exploring the impact of capacity building for positive food environments - the Our Food Project

contributor:
McGlashan, Stephanie (author)
(Warner, Alan) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2015

abstract: This research focused on a case study of the Our Food Project. It used a qualitative,  interpretive design to explore the understandings, concepts and good practices that organizations  can employ in facilitating a shift to a more sustainable community food system based on  providing for social, economic, and environmental health. Semi-structured interviews and small  focus groups were the primary method of data collection. These were conducted with community  food activists across Canada and key stakeholders of the Our Food Project who are working to  develop sustainable community food systems and positive food environments.  The research findings revealed the barriers within the existing industrial food system  interfering in the shift towards a more desirable future for the environment, society and economy  alike. Three major themes were identified through the coding process: the problems of the  industrial food system, what constitutes a desirable future, and practices for food security  organizations. A key finding is the importance of connecting the multitude of grassroots  organizations, individuals and government to become an even stronger voice in the shift towards  a more desirable future. This suggests that food security initiatives should strive for active  engagement and involvement in the food system by all.

abstract: Environmental & Sustainability Studies


title: Applying 'ecofeminism' to environmental disaster: A case study on the Mount Polley Mine

contributor:
Dutnall, Alexis (author)
(Biro, Andrew) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2015

abstract: This work aims to reconcile a theoretical conception lying on an understanding of ecofeminism  put forth by Shiva and Mies, with a practical case study on the Mount Polley Mine in the hopes of  providing a better understanding of environmental issues. A central argument dominant in much  ecofeminist thought is that capitalist ideology, rooted in development and science is problematic  when looking at the relationship between women and the environment or the non human world.  Although there are important connections here, ecofeminism also presents constraining ideology.  Through the critical review of pivotal ecofeminist thinkers Mies and Shiva, a framework that  represents society more holistically is put forth to view environmental issues in a Canadian  context. A media analysis is used to portray events that took place at the Mount Polley Mine in  northern BC with the intent of providing a better-rounded representation. Conclusions based on  this reconciliation are then drawn specific to Mount Polley.

abstract: Environmental & Sustainability Studies


title: "Thus far thou shalt come and no farther": Domestic science and the limits of women's education at the Acadia Ladies' Seminary, 1878-1926

contributor:
Tustin, Zoe Elisabeth (author)
(Poulter, Gillian) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2015

abstract: This thesis examines the evolution of the education provided at the Acadia  Ladies’ Seminary from its establishment in 1879 to its integration with Acadia University  in 1926. Specific focus is placed on the role of Household Science, a course that was  founded in 1901 amidst a social reaction against the industrialised world. Household  Science at the Ladies’ Seminary began as a small department with few courses and  teachers but grew in enrolment and classes until it was deemed large enough to separate  into a school and be considered a Bachelor of Science. Changes in the Household Science  course reflected transforming opinions on the appropriate role of women. From the push  for the return of women to the home, to the appreciation for women to be present in only  certain careers the first decade of the 20th century was one of subjugation and  categorisation. However, the Great War offered the opportunity for women to enter more  scientific fields and Household Science was a vehicle by which women could start  careers that would push the boundaries of traditional gender roles. This thesis will use  primary source material from the Acadia University archives to explore the attitudes  towards women’s education both within the Acadia Ladies’ Seminary and in the campus  as a whole.

abstract: History & Classics


title: Nitric oxide and superoxide dismutase activity in relaxin-3-induced neuroprotection

contributor:
Holung, Chelsea Noelle (author)
(Wilson, Brian) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2015

abstract: Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Previous research suggests that relaxin peptide hormones protect the brain against ischemic and reperfusion-induced damage in a rat experimental model of stroke. Both nitric oxide (NO) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activities were investigated in cultured rat brain slices to determine if NO signalling mediates the activity of relaxin-3, a form of relaxin expressed at high levels in the brain. It was hypothesized that treatment with H3 relaxin, the human version of relaxin-3, would decrease NO levels in rat brain tissue under oxygen- and glucose-deprived conditions by upregulating SOD enzyme activity. Brains from 10 day old rats were isolated, sliced coronally at the hypothalamic level and cultured for 2 weeks at 37ºC prior to treatment. Brain slices were subjected to one of the following treatments: oxygenated media with glucose (normoxic control), oxygen and glucose deprived (OGD) media (OGD control) and OGD media with either H3 relaxin, H3 relaxin with a RXFP3 receptor antagonist or a chimeric relaxin-3/insulin-5 peptide (R3/I5) for 1 hour and then returned to culture with fresh culture media for an hour. Subsequently, brain tissues were either stained with propidium iodide (PI) or used in a NO or SOD assay. PI positive cell counts suggest that OGD conditions resulted in greater cellular damage compared to normoxic controls. Treatments with both relaxin ligands and R3/I5 significantly reduced this damage. Tissue NO levels did not vary with treatment. However, SOD activity decreased in tissue treated with H3 relaxin or R3/I5. Perhaps relaxin-3 is initiating protective mechanisms in neural cells which indirectly reduce the formation of free radicals thus reducing SOD activity.

abstract: Biology


title: Making an impact by having no impact: The role of personality on environmental behaviour change

contributor:
Murphy, Coral E. (author)
(Bolton, Amanda) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2015

abstract: Various HEXACO personality traits have been demonstrated to be an important predictor of pro-environmental behaviour (PEB), but studies have not considered environmental behaviour change. This study was based around a behaviour change program, known as No Impact Week (NIW). Participants were invited to three phases: one prior to NIW, one right after, and one months later. It was hypothesized that Openness to Experience, Agreeableness, and Honesty Humility would be correlated to PEB. Behaviour change did not appear to occur so phase one PEB was used for analysis. A sample (N = 61) of university students completed online surveys and results indicated that Extraversion, Openness, Conscientiousness and Honesty Humility were positively correlated to PEB. Three mediators were also analyzed and results found support for the importance of two: Connectedness to Nature and Environmental Concern. Implications and considerations for future research are discussed.

abstract: Psychology


title: A tale of two flowers: a comparative analysis of chasmogamous and cleistogamous flower development in Helianthemum canadense (L.) Michx.

contributor:
White, Stephanie N. (author)
(Evans, Rodger) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2015

abstract: Helianthemum canadense (L.) Michx. (Canada Frostweed or Rockrose) is a “red-listed”  species in Nova Scotia. Stressors on this endangered plant, including habitat loss  and recently discovered seed predation, have potentially caused significant population  decline over the past several decades. Studying the developmental reproductive biology of  Frostweed provides insight into the role of different flower types in plant reproduction and  regeneration. Frostweed is classified as a cleistogamous species because two flower types  occur at different times, on the same plant, in the same growing season. The first flowers  are chasmogamous (open flower, insect pollinated). Later in the season, on the same plant,  cleistogamous flowers (closed flower, self-pollinating) are produced. Initially, the two  flower types develop similarly with the exception of higher ovule and anther counts in  chasmogamous flowers. It is not until later in development, specifically when the stigma is  initiated, when there are notable developmental changes between the two flowers. The  most morphologically obvious difference is the presence of petals on mature  chasmogamous flowers and the absence of petals on cleistogamous flowers. On a single  plant there are approximately 1-2 chasmogamous flowers and 10-60 cleistogamous  flowers. Chasmogamous flowers maintain genetic variation within the population and  cleistogamous increase reproductive output especially in times when insect pollinators may  be limited. A direct impact upon genetic variation in populations may be the presence of  the seed predating moth Mompha capella which was found to have infested 50% of  developing chasmogamous fruits in one population in 2014. It is unknown what effect this  moth will have on Frostweed populations. The comparative data gathered from this study,  however, can be used to help researchers better understand how reproductive biology, seed  predation, and other stressors affect Frostweed populations.

abstract: Biology


title: Examining female coaching experiences: Hearing from novice coaches in the Female Coach Mentorship Program

contributor:
Belding, Madeline M. (author)
(Dodge, Ann) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2015

abstract: The number of female coaches in all levels of sport is in decline in Canada despite an  increase in participation opportunities for women in sport (Reade, Rodgers & Norman,  2009). Women coaches face many barriers based simply on gender, which puts them at a  distinct disadvantage in terms of acquiring high level coaching positions (LaVoi &  Dutove, 2012). Mentorship, more specifically female mentorship, has been shown to be  effective in terms of supporting female coaches (Kamphoff & Gill, 2008). The purpose of  this study was to examine the experiences of novice female coaches who are a part of the  Female Coach Mentorship Program (FCMP), which was a yearlong program, enacted by  the Nova Scotia Department of Health and Wellness that paired female coaches with  successful female mentor coaches. Eight novice female coaches from the FCMP  volunteered as participants in this study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with  participants to identify reasons for coaching, possible barriers to coaching, the potential  benefits of mentorship and the importance of mentorship for female coaches. The results  of this study found that while all coaches experience challenges, female coaches must  overcome significant barriers simply due to their gender. Barriers such as the “old boys”  network, pressures to prove competence and a lack of respect based on gender, were  found to be substantial challenges to the female coaches in this study. Mentorship proved  to be advantageous to the participants with many of the participants stating that they  never would have considered coaching if a mentor had not provided an opportunity for  them. Seeing women in high profile coaching positions also helped these coaches believe  that they could coach at a higher level and aspire to keep coaching. This study has shed  some light on the fact that women need to see other women in authoritative positions in  sport in order to believe it is a pursuable option for them. With this knowledge,  Provincial Sport Organizations (PSOs) should provide mentorship opportunities for  coaches and programs should be implemented to support and promote female coaches.

abstract: Kinesiology


title: Constructions of fractal probability measures with uniform marginals

contributor:
Day, Dylan (author)
(Mendivil, Franklin) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2015

abstract: Bivariate probability measures can be decomposed into their marginal distributions  and their \copula," a cumulative distribution function of a bivariate measure with  uniform marginals which encodes the underlying dependence structure between the  variables. In certain circumstances, these copulas can be fractal or self-similar in  nature, and to model these we desire parameterized families of fractal measures with  uniform marginals. We discuss a known construction for such a family and provide  two new constructions. We also examine the dimension of the parameter space for  each construction in order to assess their ability to approximate a given measure.

abstract: Mathematics & Statistics


title: Flooding the rewards circuit: The economic and political effects of the illegal narcotics trade in Mexico and Colombia

contributor:
McKay, Molly (author)
(Brittain, James) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2015

abstract: Illicit narcotics seem to have become a permanent fixture in Latin America in recent decades. The narcotics trade has grown to such a level that it is permeating into all areas of the social, political, and economic spheres. In particular, Mexico and Colombia have become increasingly dependent on and defined by the illicit narcotics trade in recent years. Using a Marxist lens of analysis, this thesis explores the economic and political factors contributing to the ongoing illegality of the narcotics trade and theorizes what might happen in Mexico and Colombia if this trade were legalized. An extensive review of existing literature provides the background and framework for this analysis. This thesis concludes with a discussion on where narcotics legislation should go from here, including a recognition of the obstacles in the way of changing legislation.

abstract: Sociology


title: Comparing the effects of kinesiology tape, tensor wrapping, and tire-tubing on quadriceps strength, agility, speed, and perceived comfort in varsity soccer players

contributor:
Murphy, Kaitlin Alexis (author)
(King, Colin) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2015

abstract: A taping technique that inhibits athletic performance may hinder the rehabilitation  process, resulting in a longer recovery process or an increased risk of re-injury. Therefore, it is  important to establish an understanding of the common supportive methods and explore their  effect on important performance variables. The goal of the current study was to explore the  effects of using common taping procedures for the quadriceps muscle group (KT tape, tensor  wrapping, and tire-tubing) on key performance variables for the sport of soccer (strength, agility,  speed, and comfort).  Thirteen healthy young athletes (eight males and five females) free of quadriceps injuries  participated in this study. Muscle strength was assessed using a Biodex System 3 Dynamometer  ©, agility was measured using the Illinois agility test, speed was tested with a 40-meter sprint test,  and perceived comfort was evaluated with the use of a 5 point Likert survey. The study was based  on a Crossover Study Design with each participant being assigned to complete all four conditions:  (1) without taping; (2) with KT tape; (3) with tensor wrapping; (4) with tire-tubing. The results  from this study revealed no significant difference in isometric muscle strength, agility, or speed.  Although these supportive methods do not appear to have a significant difference on these  performance variables (strength, agility, and speed), it was found to have a perceived difference  on the level of comfort. In conclusion, KT tape or tire tubing were found to be the best supportive  method for soccer players. These conditions did not negatively affect performance while they  were perceived to be the most comfortable techniques.

abstract: Kinesiology


title: Skolem labelled snakes and stegosaurs

contributor:
Trace, Matthew Robert (author)
(Clarke, Nancy) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2015

abstract: Skolem labelling is a vertex labelling problem of simple graphs where the labels in D  = f1; 2; 3; :::; ng are placed on a graph containing 2n vertices, such that every integer  appears exactly twice and the distance between the two appearances of i is i, for  each i 2 D. In this thesis we will be looking at Rosa's triangular snakes as well  as generalising these snakes and developing a new class of graphs called stegosaurs,  which involve inserting a path of length one between two intersecting blocks of a  triangular snake. It will be shown that the classes outlined here, with the exception  of one case which will be proven to be not labellable, can be Skolem labelled through  proving the nth case, as well as how to label the graphs given the number of blocks  they contain.

abstract: Mathematics & Statistics


title: Social barriers in nutrition and mental health

contributor:
Fraser, Kathryn (author)
(Morley, Catherine) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2015

abstract: The purpose of this thesis was to gain an understanding of the social conditions  that preserve stigma and health inequalities in nutrition and mental health, and to obtain  information on how these conditions may influence the efficacy of nutrition programs,  resources, or services for mental health prevention and treatment. Mental health is a  critical facet of overall health and well-being, and nutrition has increasingly been  recognized as an essential aspect in the prevention and treatment of mental illness.  However, both mental health and nutrition are affected by social challenges such as  marginalization, stigmatization, discrimination, and health inequalities. Though the issues  are recognized, social barriers in mental health and nutrition have not been researched in  an extensive manner. This qualitative study involved one-on-one semi-structured  interviews with nutrition and mental health professionals (n=6) participating in research  or policy work. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed for common  themes. Analysis resulted in the identification of the following themes and  recommendations for action: there are specific social beliefs that interfere with health care  through stigma and discrimination at individual, provider, and structural levels; certain  populations are most vulnerable to these effects, whereas others benefit; addressing social  barriers must include changes to primary care, collaboration at all levels, implementing  social support, and political action. Implications on guidelines for integrating nutrition  care into mental health are discussed. This information may be used to inform future  research and improve nutrition interventions for mental health prevention and treatment.

abstract: Nutrition & Dietetics


title: Cardiorespiratory fitness as a correlate of successful aging in older adults

contributor:
Skuriat, Elizabeth M. (author)
(Dogra, Shilpa) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2015

abstract: Successful aging has become an important topic of research as the prevalence of older  adults in the global population begins to rise. Successful aging is not simply the absence  of disease, but instead, is a model that involves physiological, psychological, and  sociological well-being. A model of successful aging proposed by Young et al. (2009)  outlined that presence of chronic conditions, presence of functional limitations, cognitive  function, emotional vitality, geriatric depression, and satisfaction with life as important  components in measuring successful aging. Each of these components influences the  other, and one must be “successful” or healthy in each area to be considered to be aging  successfully. There are many established correlates of successful aging, including age,  sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, tobacco and alcohol use, and physical activity.  Previous research that has focused on the role of physical activity in successful aging has  found a positive association between the two variables. Unfortunately, physical activity is  susceptible to measurement bias. However, a higher level of physical activity has been  shown to be associated with a higher cardiorespiratory fitness. Cardiorespiratory fitness is  the gold standard in measuring a person’s physical capacity, and to date has not been  considered when studying correlates of successful aging in older adults. The purpose of  this study was to explore the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and successful  aging in older adults. Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured in the laboratory using an  indirect submaximal treadmill test and questionnaires were used to measure successful  aging in a sample of older adults aged 61 to 75 (n = 25). Results indicate a strong  association between self-reported weekly aerobic physical activity and satisfaction with  life; however, data on the association between successful aging and cardiorespiratory  fitness were in the opposite direction expected. Future research should use direct  maximal exercise testing to assess the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and  successful aging.

abstract: Kinesiology


title: A qualitative analysis of the psychological aids for discontinuing opioid replacement therapy discussed on online forums

contributor:
Lovatt, Kristine M. (author)
(MacLeod, Peter) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2015

abstract: Opioid Replacement Therapy (ORT) is considered best practice for treating opioid  addiction, but for some a life-time of ORT is impractical. The current study aimed to  identify aids individuals used to quit ORT. The study posed two questions: What types of  psychological aids do individuals who successfully detox off ORT discuss in their posts?  And, how do individuals explain how these aids helped them achieve abstinence from  ORT? Data were collected from 20 individuals’ contributions to online public forums.  Thematic analysis was used to analyze their accounts. The three major psychological  aids identified were: self-motivating cognitions, motivation for self-improvement, and  social support. Several subthemes were also identified. Identifying and describing the  psychological aids of people who have successfully discontinued ORT can inform  physicians so that they are able to help patients succeed at discontinuing ORT.  Keywords: opioid replacement therapy, psychological aids, thematic analysis

abstract: Psychology


title: The association between dating technologies and the relationship outcomes of satisfaction, investment and quality of alternatives

contributor:
Conevska, Hana (author)
(Vannier, Sarah) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2015

abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine associations between dating technology use  and new relationship characteristics. Dating technologies were defined as social  networking sites, Geosocial apps and online dating. Participants included 86 young  adults ages 18 to 24 currently in a new dating relationship. Participants completed an  online survey regarding their use of dating technologies, communication, stress or  tension in their relationship, satisfaction, investment, quality of alternatives, and  backburners. Results are consistent with the literature suggesting that young adults  are major consumers of dating technologies. Participants frequently use dating  technologies to communicate with a romantic partner, and reported low to moderate  levels of tension and stress in their relationship as a result of technology use.  Although the current study did not support many of the research hypotheses, it was  exploratory in nature and provides groundwork for future research into the area of  technology use and its associations with interpersonal relationships in young adults.  Keywords: young adults, dating technologies, romantic relationships

abstract: Psychology


title: Development of a user-friendly interface and database to increase waste packaging recycling

contributor:
Xu, Yichuan (author)
(Benoit, Darcy) (Thesis advisor)
(Arnold, Paul) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: Most of the recyclable materials in our waste stream originates from the grocery store, however, much of the non-recyclable waste from a typical household also originates from the same store. In order to maximize the recyclable portion of the waste stream from grocery store packaging waste, consumers must be knowledgeable in distinguishing between what is and what is not recyclable—no easy feat in many cases as products often contain combinations of recyclable and non-recyclable components. This project is intended to provide consumers with an electronic database and interface that tells the consumer what is and is not recyclable for a particular grocery store product. Through the use of each unique UPC code which is either entered manually or scanned, the software discriminates between the various components of packaged products from grocery stores in terms of their recyclability and their correct method of disposal. The database also clearly identifies companies that are producing products in more environmentally responsible packaging and therefore allows consumers to discriminate between products based on the recyclability of their waste.

abstract: Computer Science


title: The 2010 Fifa World Cup™ development strategy: Analyzing development through sport in South Africa

contributor:
Davidson, Leah (author)
(Kenyon, Kristi) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: Development surrounding the 2010 FIFA World Cup™ attempted to blend two  “development through sport” strategies - the Sport for Development and Peace movement  and the use of mega sporting events for urban development - to create a lasting social and  economic legacy for South Africa. The use of “development through sport” strategies  during and following the tournament raises questions about how these strategies fit  together. This paper examines these development through sport strategies within the  context of the 2010 FIFA World Cup™ with the aim of determining if the mega-event  development strategy fits within the broader Sport for Development and Peace movement.  I argue that in the case of the 2010 FIFA World Cup, the two strategies do not fit together  due to conflicting development motivations. This notion is supported by literature that  assesses each strategy individually as well as by Darnell’s thesis on Sport for  Development and Peace and its connection to mega-sporting events such as the World  Cup and the Summer Olympics. This case study provides an analysis of South Africa’s  post-apartheid development goals and how sports have become a component of particular  national strategies on urban development.

abstract: Politics


title: Thriving or surviving in the old boys' club: An examination of military friendship and gender integration within a maritime air force base

contributor:
Ranvig, Maya (author)
(Abramson, Zelda) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: This study explores the social bonds and sense of community defined by gender in a  maritime air force base. More specifically, through four semi-structured interviews, I  examine whether: 1) female social bonds in the Air Force are similar to those of male  bonds, and; 2) do women and men experience the sense of community building and social  support network in the same way. The theoretical frameworks that shape my research are  Erving Goffman’s (1964) stigma-theory followed by Rosabeth Moss Kanter’s (1977)  tokenism. I argue that friendship and sense of community is an essential component to  understanding gender integration in the Canadian Air Force. I pay particular attention to  two key themes emerging from my results: experiences of friendship, and degrees of  social bonding and friendship. Within each of these themes additional sub-themes were  identified: age/generational differences, power dynamics in social interactions related to  military ranking, gendering of labour in maritime air force culture, and spectrum of  function and endurance in Air Force friendship. Despite continuous progression of  gender integration, my research revealed varying degrees of verbal or non-verbal negative  attitudes towards enlisted women. These findings underscore that there is still much  work to be done in the Canadian air force to achieve full gender integration.

abstract: Sociology


title: Haydn's call for peace: The Agnus Dei movements of Missa in tempore belli and Missa in angustiis

contributor:
Roussin, Rena-Marie (author)
(Callon, Gordon) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: Scholarship has long suggested a need to examine Haydn’s six late Masses within  the context of the Enlightenment. By arguing for a paired reading of the Agnus Dei  movements of Missa in tempore belli (Mass in Time of War) and Missa in angustiis (Mass  in Difficult Circumstances), this thesis seeks to begin such a discussion. Haydn’s musical  interpretation of the identical text of the two Agnus Dei movements seem to call for  bipartite peace. Missa in tempore belli focuses on physical peace from warfare, while  Missa in angustiis focuses on metaphysical peace from warring ideas. This call for peace  is especially pertinent within the context of Haydn’s changing world and socio-historical  culture. In response to the Age of the Enlightenment, Catholicism in the Holy Roman  Empire was in a period of transition from external to internalized acts of piety. At the  same time, the Enlightenment diffused ideas of humanism which were not entirely  inconsistent with Catholic spirituality. Haydn seems to have reconciled in his life what he  sought to reconcile in music: the secular and the sacred, which is musically apparent in  Haydn’s conflation of symphonic, operatic, and sacred music conventions. It is further  apparent in where and how Haydn uses those conventions in the musical realization of the  Agnus Dei. Ultimately, the two movements come together to form a holistic call for peace  and reconciliation in Haydn’s time.

abstract: Music


title: The assessment of vitamin B12 by Nova Scotia family practitioners

contributor:
T’ien, Caroline M. (author)
(Durant, Matthew A.) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: The current lack of a “gold standard” tool to assess vitamin B12 status may  cause to many undiagnosed cases, not uncommon within literature. Left untreated,  vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to permanent cognitive and neurological damage. The  purpose of this study was to examine the variables impacting how and when Nova Scotia  family practitioners assess vitamin B12 status, and whether there was a difference in male  and female practice patterns. There are many variables impacting vitamin B12 deficiency,  and recognition of these variables by family practitioners may help determine the  likelihood of undiagnosed cases. Methods: Data was collected using a modified Dillman  method by fax and at the 87th Annual Dalhousie Refresher Course. A total of 164 Nova  Scotia family practitioners completed a short survey, 73 males and 91 females. The data  was grouped into categories and analyzed using Pearson’s Chi-square test of  independence and Fisher’s Exact test with a 5% level of significance. Results: There was  no association between gender and the assessment of vitamin B12 status by family  practitioners. The majority of family practitioners recognized the stated variables;  however, few identified other variables. The most common method of assessment was a  serum cobalamin measurement. Only one third of family practitioners indicated they used  more than one test to assess vitamin B12 deficiency. Implications & Conclusion: When  assessing vitamin B12 status, family practitioners need to rely on the results of multiple  tests. Educating family practitioners regarding vitamin B12 deficiency risk factors may be  beneficial in reducing the risk of undiagnosed cases.

abstract: Nutrition & Dietetics


title: Eating while at university: An exploration of Acadia University student experiences

contributor:
Cox, Victoria (author)
(Morley, Catherine) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: The purpose of this thesis was to explore Acadia University student experiences of eating,  focusing on challenges to healthy eating. Studying at the college/university level often  marks the first time when students are assuming responsibility for feeding themselves.  Existing studies focusing on nutrition and university students have largely focused on  dietary causes of weight gain, without exploring the eating experiences of students. The  extant research reports are thus non-contributory to understanding the actual phenomenon  of eating. This qualitative phenomenology involved one-on-one semi-structured  interviews with undergraduate students (n = 8) from Acadia University. Participants  included students from each year of study, four men and four women, and students living  on and off-campus. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed via thematic  analysis. Thematic analysis led to the identification of seven major themes related to  how, what, and when students eat: 1) food quality and availability for participants living  on-campus; 2) convenience and time constraints when cooking for oneself; 3) the value of  experience; 4) social situations and the influence of others; 5) pride and guilt; 6)  preferring sleep over eating; and 7) budgeting. This information can be used to inform  the study of the issue for a larger number of respondents, and to inform the development  of healthy lifestyle programs and of a healthy food policy at Acadia University.

abstract: Nutrition & Dietetics


title: Exploring a dilemma in the feminisms: Unions effects on the sexes' desires for promotion

contributor:
Gauthier, Jason (author)
(Dye, Kelly) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: The role unions play in advancing the cause of women or diversity in the workplace  continues to be shrouded in uncertainty. A school of thought labelled as conservative feminism in this study believes that unions are harmful while another school labelled as radical feminism believes that unions are constructive. Despite this disagreement, there is a significant literature gap in the interrelationship between organizations, unions, gender, and the desire for promotion. The quantitative methodology used to investigate this gap uses a convenience sample of unionized and non-unionized employees.  However, insufficient data was collected to address the hypotheses presented in  this thesis. Instead, the findings of this study focus on the difficulties of primary quantitative research, the lack of trade union democracy, and the relationship between housework and desire for promotion. Through reflexivity, this thesis arrives at the conclusion that bringing conservative feminist ideas into this field is enlightening.

abstract: Business


title: A photophysical investigation of Ru (II) polypyridine complexes as photosensitisers in photodynamic therapy

contributor:
Stephenson, Mathew I. (author)
(McFarland, Sherri) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: The purpose of this study was to carry out an extensive photophysical  characterisation of four families of Ru(II) polypyridine complexes in the context of  photodynamic therapy. More specifically, the absorption characteristics, emission  properties, excited state lifetimes, singlet oxygen generating abilities, and DNA binding  affinities of the 16 compounds were investigated using various spectroscopic techniques  and then related to their observed photobiological activities. It was postulated that  equilibrium between 3MLCT and 3IL excited states in the [Ru(LL)2(IP-Py)]2+ series were  responsible for the extended lifetimes (47–88 μs) in deaerated solution, and that these  long lifetimes likely contributed to the high 1O2 quantum yields. In the study of the  [Ru(LL)2(dppn)]2+/[Ru(LL)2(dppno)]2+ series, it was determined that low-lying, long-lived  3IL states on the π-expansive dppn ligand were required to achieve effective in vitro  PDT using white and red excitation. The complexes in the [Ru(LL)2(dppn)]2+ series  displayed two particularly attractive characteristics: (i) red PDT with cytotoxicities that  were equally, and in some cases more, potent than the clinical agent Photofrin®, and  (ii) oxygen dependent and independent cytotoxic mechanisms. It was determined that the  incorporation of the bbinap ligand into a tris-heteroleptic framework resulted in red-shifted  absorption, which could help explain the potent red PDT observed with two of the  three complexes in this series. It was determined that all three complexes in the  [Ru(biq)2(LL)]2+ series underwent rapid and selective ligand dissociation following  photoexcitation, thereby producing reactive metal centres that could cross-link DNA.  This mechanism of action is of interest as it represents an oxygen-independent form of  PDT.

abstract: Chemistry


title: Spawning, fertilization, and molecular methodologies to study relative fertilization success of recently masculinized and standard male mitotypes of the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis

contributor:
Chiasson, Emilie (author)
(Stewart, Donald) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: The blue mussel Mytilus edulis exhibits a unique pattern of mitochondrial DNA  transmission known as doubly uniparental inheritance. This unique pattern includes  mitochondrial DNA that comes from two lineages, one from each parent. Male type (M-type)  mtDNA is transmitted to sons via sperm while female type (F-type) is transmitted  to daughters through eggs. Occasionally there is an “invasion” of the F-type mtDNA  within the male inheritance scheme creating a “recently masculinized” (RM) male  mitotype. This RM male type is highly similar to the F genome except for the insertion  through genetic recombination of an M-type coding region. The purpose of this  investigation was to develop methodology for spawning and fertilization trials for the  future investigation into relative fertilization success between mitotypes. Mussels were  collected from Nova Scotia and induced to spawn through chemical, thermal and/or  mechanical stimulation. Sperm and eggs were mixed and incubated for 48 hours at 16°C.  Suspensions were inspected for successful fertilization microscopically by the detection  of viable larvae. RM males were at extremely low frequencies among samples collected  in 2013, which precluded sperm competition trials. Quantitative polymerase chain  reaction primers were generated for the standard male (SM) mtDNA cytochrome oxidase  I (COI) subunit using previously determined SM sequences, which were compared to RM  and F-type sequences. Primers were run on a temperature gradient to optimize annealing  temperature. Primers successfully amplified an SM sample and fertilization success was  observed in all trials. Investigating relative fertilization success between mitotypes could  have implications for aquaculture practices for generating increased yields.  Methodologies are now in place for further development of quantitative PCR analyses.

abstract: Biology


title: The association between physical inactivity and television viewing time with asthma and healthcare use in aboriginal adults: A cross sectional analysis of the 2006 Aboriginal Peoples Survey

contributor:
Doggett, Nathan C. (author)
(Dogra, Shilpa) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this analysis was twofold: 1) to elucidate the influence of  asthma on physical activity levels and sedentary time in Aboriginal adults overall, and  Aboriginal adults of different identities, and 2) to understand the influence of physical  inactivity and sedentary time on healthcare (hospitalization and healthcare professional  consultation) use in Aboriginal adults with asthma. Methods: 20,953 adults from the  2006 Aboriginal People Survey were analyzed. Binary logistic regressions were  conducted with asthma as the main exposure and physical inactivity (PIA) (<3 h/week  moderate to vigorous activity) and high television screen time (TVT) (>10 h/week) as  independent main outcomes. Multivariate analysis were performed to adjust for socio-demographic  and health covariates. Results: Canadian Aboriginals with asthma were  significantly more likely to report higher TVT (OR: 1.17; CI: 1.12-1.23) and physical  inactivity (OR: 1.13; CI: 1.08-1.18). Those with asthma were also significantly more  likely to utilize healthcare services if they reported high TVT health professional consults  in past 12 months (OR 2.63; CI: 2.37-2.91), overnight in hospital in past year (OR: 2.05;  CI: 1.92-2.20), overnight in hospital in past 5 years (OR: 1.16; CI: 1.10-1.22); or physical  inactivity overnight in the past year (OR: 1.18; CI: 1.10-1.26), overnight in hospital in  past 5 years (OR: 1.16; CI 1.10-1.22). Conclusions: These findings suggest that asthma  is associated with significantly higher odds of reporting high TVT and physical inactivity  among Canadian Aboriginals. Of those with asthma, high TVT and physical inactivity  were both associated with increased utilization of healthcare services.

abstract: Kinesiology


title: Examination of metals in gastropods to determine the potential for accumulation in the Border Marsh Region

contributor:
Loder, Amanda L. (author)
(Mallory, Mark) (Thesis advisor)
(Spooner, Ian) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: The Border Marsh Region (BMR), located on the Isthmus of Chignecto, is a  major feeding ground for waterfowl and contains significant coastal wetland systems.  The purpose of this study was to examine various open water wetland sites across the  BMR to explore the potential for bioaccumulation of Pb and As in higher trophic level  species. A previous study indicated elevated Pb and As concentrations in bottom  sediments at most wetland sites. Gastropods were chosen to sample as vectors for metal  transfer to waterfowl and it was hypothesized that gastropods would accumulate these  metals in similar concentrations to their bottom sediment. Eleven sites were sampled, and  relative element concentrations in gastropods were analyzed using a XRF spectrometer  and compared to sediment concentrations. Results showed there were no significant  correlations between Pb and As concentrations in sediment and gastropods, however  these concentrations distinguished sediment and gastropods between brackish ponds,  freshwater ponds constructed by Ducks Unlimited Canada and a freshwater lake.  Although Pb and As concentrations in gastropods were not toxic, there were three  important observations: i) the greatest proportions of Pb and As concentrations in  gastropods to sediment were detected in the natural brackish ponds, ii) As was detected in  gastropods from all sites whereas Pb was only detected in gastropods from the brackish  ponds and the freshwater lake, and iii) As concentrations in gastropods were higher in  recently constructed freshwater ponds. Wetland chemistries, and/or gastropod  physiologies are likely critical factors in determining whether Pb and As will  bioaccumulate in gastropods, and warrant further investigation for wetland management  strategies.

abstract: Environmental & Sustainability Studies


title: Effects of nesting location on stress metrics in blood in American Eiders

contributor:
Boyd, Ellen S. (author)
(Mallory, Mark) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: The  Common  Eider,  Somateria  mollissima  population  in  Nova  Scotia  is  in  decline.  There  have  been  several  factors  that  have  been  proposed  as  contributing  to  this  decline,  and  some  of  these  may  manifest  themselves  in  the  birds  through  increased  physiological  stress,  which  in  turn  might  reduce  reproductive  success.  Comparing  heterophil:  lymphocyte  (H:L)  ratios  is  a  common  method  of  evaluating  long-‐term  stress  levels  in  avian  species.  My  project  contrasted  stress  levels,  as  indicated  by  H:L  ratios,  of  eiders  nesting  in  exposed  habitats  (e.g.,  tall  grass)  with  eiders  nesting  in  sheltered  habitats  (e.g.,  overturned  ,  half  plastic  barrels).  If  increased  susceptibility  to  avian  predation  increased  breeding  stress,  we  expected  to  see  higher  H:L  ratios  for  eiders  nesting  in  exposed  habitat  and  lower  H:L  ratios  in  sheltered  habitat.  We  extracted  blood  from  breeding  females  nesting  in  the  Eastern  Shore  Islands  (sheltered),  Bon  Portage  Island  (exposed),  and  John’s  Island  (exposed),  and  blood  smears  were  prepared.  I  performed  leukocyte  counts  on  the  blood  smears  and  the  H:L  ratios  were  determined.  Mean  H:L  ratios  of  eiders  from  John’s  Island  were  higher  than  those  from  either  Bon  Portage  Island  or  the  Eastern  Shore  Islands,  but  these  differences  were  not  quite  statistically  significant.  Interestingly,  John’s  Island  has  livestock  and  may  have  coyotes  on  it,  while  the  other  sites  do  not.  Comparing  my  data  to  values  established  internationally,  I  found  that  eiders  in  the  Canadian  Arctic  had  significantly  higher  baseline  H:L  ratios  than  those  from  Nova  Scotia,  which  in  turn  were  higher  than  those  of  breeding  birds  in  Iceland.  I  postulate  that  these  differences  may  be  related  to  their  typical,  annual  environment.

abstract: Biology


title: The quality of democracy exhibited in the leadership selection practices of the Conservative, New Democratic, and Liberal parties of Canada

contributor:
Love, Jacob (author)
(Stewart, Ian) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: Party leaders are the focal points of political parties. Political parties are the agents responsible for the selection of party leaders. Consequently, understanding the processes by which leaders are selected is vital to understanding the quality of democracy in Canada, as the leadership selection process must be democratic for the entire system to be democratic. This thesis analyzes the quality of democracy exhibited in the leadership selection practices of the Conservative, New Democratic, and Liberal parties of Canada. This thesis contrast academic literature on leadership selection practices with the most recent leadership elections of each party and conclusions are drawn that illustrate the changes in practices and in the quality of democracy exhibited in leadership elections. This thesis finds that the most recent leadership elections of each party reflect a continuing trend of democratization, as the most recent leadership contests are more democratic than previous leadership contests. The one-member one-vote (OMOV) method of leadership selection used by the NDP in their 2012 leadership election is found to be the most democratic leadership selection practice.

abstract: Politics


title: The relationship of attachment style to trust and commitment to change in the workplace

contributor:
Purdy, Lauren (author)
(Leiter, Michael) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: Only recently has research investigated the role that attachment theory may play in  relationships found in the workplace. The present study aimed to explore the interpersonal  aspects of the workplace by examining the relations of attachment style, trust, and  commitment to change. It was hypothesized that increased attachment anxiety and  avoidance would each significantly and uniquely be correlated with three different levels  of trust, as well as the three identified reactions to commitment to change. In the current  study, a survey of healthcare workers (N=1616) was conducted in which measures were  completed of workplace attachment style, trust, and organizational commitment to  change. Results indicated that both anxious and avoidant attachment styles were  significantly negatively correlated with levels of trust. Anxious attachment was  significantly correlated with affective commitment to change and continuance  commitment to change and avoidant attachment was significantly correlated with  continuance commitment to change. These findings encourage further investigation, and  considerations for future research are discussed.

abstract: Psychology


title: The role of locus of control in sexual offending

contributor:
West, Katherine A.E. (author)
(Price, E. Lisa) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: Whether the type of sexual offence committed and the experience of physical and/or  emotional childhood abuse was related to pre-treatment locus of control (LoC) and  change in LoC was examined. Males who have committed different types of sexual  offences participated in this study. Both pre- and post- treatment, participants completed  the Internal Control Index (Duttweiler, 1984). The present study found LoC was not  related to the type of sexual offence committed. Participants had a more internal LoC  post-treatment, but change in LoC was not related to the type of offender. Since too few  participants reported childhood abuse, the effect of childhood abuse on pre-treatment  LoC and change in LoC was unable to be determined. These findings indicate that  treatment can facilitate individuals who have committed a sexual offence in feeling more  in control of their behaviour and making positive changes in their lives, which might  reduce future recidivism.

abstract: Psychology


title: Assessing adult attachment and the feelings that develop after raising a virtual child

contributor:
Adams, Stephanie A. (author)
(Symons, Doug) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: Virtual characters do not meet all of the criteria required to be attachment figures, but  they do offer the advantage of having a relationship develop in a controlled fashion. In the  current study, students raised their own virtual child within a Developmental Psychology  course. The online MyVirtualChild© program was used, in which students make parenting  decisions, receive feedback, and write assignments as a term-long project. This simulated  parenting experience takes about 20 hours to complete. Fifty-six students rated their own  attachment style using the ECR-RS before and after raising their child. Additionally, they  reported on feelings they developed towards their child and whether they felt like a safe  haven for the child. Results indicated students not only developed feelings for their virtual  child, but those who were avoidant in their own intimate relationships developed more  negative attitudes towards them.

abstract: Psychology


title: Factors affecting brood rearing by ducks on small wetlands in the Annapolis Valley, Nova Scotia

contributor: (Bondrup-Nielsen, Soren) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: For decades government and non-government organizations (NGOs) have prioritized the  creation and restoration/enhancement of wetlands. Wetlands have been disappearing at  alarming rates around the world and by as much as 75% in urban areas of Canada since  European settlement. Wetlands are important land features that mitigate effects of  flooding, purify water, replenish groundwater, and they are rich in biodiversity. The Nova  Scotia Eastern Habitat Joint Venture (NS-EHJV) is a partnership made up of government  and NGOs whose primary focus is wetland conservation under the mandate of the North  American Waterfowl Management Plan (NAWMP). The NS-EHJV Implementation Plan  (2007-2012) established several general assumptions and guiding principles to help focus  wetland conservation programs in Nova Scotia to maximize benefits to priority waterfowl  species. A study to investigate the use by waterfowl of existing wetlands in the Annapolis  Valley was initiated in 2009 to further understand the relationship between waterfowl use  and wetland conservation in the Maritime mixed agricultural landscape. Waterfowl  breeding pair and brood surveys were conducted to investigate waterfowl use and  intensity among 60 agricultural wetlands. Adjacent land use was studied to determine  possible relationships between waterfowl use and various land uses. The results from this  study indicate that the number of waterfowl breeding pairs and broods detected were  similar in the 2012 and 2013 field seasons. Adjacent land use types, such as rivers and  vegetated riparian zones, positively influenced brood production. Breeding hens may  prefer wetlands with nearby water bodies, which could serve as corridors for duckling

abstract: Biology


title: Pre-drinking patterns at Acadia University

contributor: (Kruisselbrink, Darren) (Thesis advisor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: This paper examines drinking behavior in the college environment and furthermore will  outline the individual level and system levels of alcohol research with particular focus pre-drinking.  The purpose of this study was to examine the pre-drinking patterns at Acadia  University and to uncover the positive and negative consequences associated with pre-drinking.  Ten students in their undergraduate degree participated in semi-structured  interviews and completed questionnaires regarding positive and negative consequences  and pre-drinking contexts. The interviews addressed location of pre-drinking, individuals  participating in pre-drinking, duration of pre-drinking and quantity of alcohol consumed  during pre-drinking. Pre-drinking is a common practice amongst students as all  participants reported pre-drinking, and pre-drank on 93.3% (± 0.14) of all drinking  occasions. Students reached estimated blood alcohol concentrations of 1.7 times the legal  limit of 0.08g/100ml in about two hours or less. Males were found to experience more  positive and negative consequences associated with pre-drinking. Pre-drinking occurs  with close friends and occurs most often before attending the bar, where they would  continue to consume alcohol. Drinking games were the most popular way to pre-drink and  all participants reported playing drinking games both on and off-campus. Finally,  motivations for pre-drinking included both social and financial reasons, although  protective factors were also noted. Limitations to the study include small sample size  particularly for underage students. In conclusion pre-drinking is a popular practice  amongst Acadia University students and is an important component to the drinking  patterns of students. Future research should further focus on specific issues with pre-drinking  behavior to reduce the incidence of high risk drinking in university students.

abstract: Kinesiology


title: A model for the estimation of emergency maintenance cost for a 10 MW tidal energy conversion installation

contributor:
Nowe, Krystle M. (author)
(Karsten, Richard) (Thesis advisor)
(MacDougall, Shelley) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: Using the power of tidal flows for human activity is a very old practice. In the 1970s, activity and research focused on the feasibility of barrage-based tidal electricity generating stations. More recently, this focus has changed to an alternative: in-stream tidal energy, using tidal energy conversion (TEC) devices. This is a nascent technology with a lot of uncertainty surrounding whether it will be financially feasible.  This study focuses on modelling the downtime and associated costs of emergency maintenance by defining several maintenance categories, with fixed downtimes and costs, and randomly choosing the number of breakdowns in each of these categories over 25 years. Simulation analysis is used to evaluate the uncertainty in the sources of costs considered: repair costs and revenue loss due to downtime. This study identified repair costs as an area where improvements and cost reductions should be focused more so than improvements in reducing the downtimes associated with repairs. It was found that repair costs are larger in magnitude and more uncertain.

abstract: Mathematics & Statistics


title: Generation Y in the environmental movement: What motivates and sustains their engagement?

contributor:
Chiasson, Mira Dietz (author)
(Elshof, Leo) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the reasons for which today’s young people  (members of Generation Y) get involved in environmental groups, and why they sustain  their engagement. Using data from semi-structured interviews and background  questionnaires, I analyze the principal motivations expressed by participants between the  ages of 18 and 30 involved in environmental groups. Motivating factors for initial interest  and for sustained motivation are examined. Motivating factors for sustaining engagement  were classified in two categories; external and intrinsic motivations. Barriers to  engagement mentioned by participants are also discussed. The results of this study  indicate that for young people, childhood experiences, group dynamics and a sense of  community and a strong connection to Nature are significant motivations for being  engaged in environmental groups. Both altruistic and egoistic motivations are present,  and motivations do change over time. Members of Generation Y get involved for much  the same reasons as people of other generations did before them.

abstract: Environmental & Sustainability Studies


title: Poetry, prose, and politics: An examination of anti-Americanism in Tantramar literature

contributor:
MacIsaac, Bernard (author)
(Henderson, Stephen) (Thesis advisor)
Acadia University (Degree grantor)

subject: LE3 .A278 2014

abstract: Writers inspired by the Tantramar region have a wholly unique and largely overlooked reservoir of Canadian history to draw upon for their fiction. For these writers, the region has served as a jewel of the pre-industrial past with a deep political history. This history often resonated with the political issues faced by the writers in their time. Between the years of 1740 and 1785, New England’s vexing intervention into the affairs of Nova Scotia’s occupants was central to shaping the political climate of the era. The politics of the time proved irresistibly similar to writers who viewed the Americans of their present as mirror images of the New Englanders of the past. At the turn of the century, fears about the loss of Canada’s sovereignty paralleled the threats of New England invasion that perpetually hung over Nova Scotians. Between WWI and WWII, the late entry of the United States into the conflict were, in the minds of some writers, analogous to the opportunism shown by New England rebels in Nova Scotia during the American Revolutionary War. Finally, the belief that the New England soil was unfriendly territory for New Brunswick Acadians traveling in pursuit of work mirrored the treatment they received when they arrived in various places in America after the Acadian expulsion. For the Tantramar writers, the area’s rich history allowed them to identify and expand upon themes that were contemporary to their time. The theme that tied each era and each writer together was a consensus on the nefarious influence of Americans and their forbearers.

abstract: History & Classics